Delpublished By: Communications Inc

DELPublished by: Communications Inc. in this issue of 211 Hespeler Avenue Winnipeg, Manitoba MONTANA MINING Canada R2L 0L5 Fax: (204) 668-4641 Governor’s Message ~ Brian Schweitzer 8 President David Langstaff MDEQ Director’s Message ~ Richard Opper 10 Toll Free: 1-866-289-5672

Publisher MMA Signs New Statutory Provision with DEQ 11 Jason Stefanik Toll Free: 1-866-831-4744 MMA President’s Message ~ Mike Mullaney 12

Editor Katrina Senyk MMA Past President’s Message ~ Tim Smith 13

Contributing Writers MMA Executive Director’s Message ~ Debbie Shea 14 Dawn M. Baker Carly Peters Member Profile ~ Mark Cole 15 Advertising Account Executives Ross James Montana Bureau of Mines & Geology: Help for Miners 16 Arlene Nowicki Michelle Raike Rock Creek Mine a Boost for Both Economy & Ecosystem 18 Production services provided by: S.G. Bennett Marketing Services The Reopening of Montana Tunnels 23 Unit 7, 414 Westmount Drive Winnipeg, Manitoba R2J 1P2 Holcim’s Trident Cement Plant: Tel: (204) 895-2223 www.sgbennett.com Building on the Past to Meet the Needs of the Future 26

Layout & Design A Capsule View of Montana Tech’s School of Mines & Engineering 30 Kathy Cable The O.T. Mining Corporation Advertising Art Debbie Dunmall Topping the “Richest Hill on Earth” 33 Hayden Sundmark Golden Sunlight Mine © Copyright 2007, DEL Communications Inc. An Environmental and Partnership Legacy 36 All rights reserved.The contents of this publication may not be reproduced by any The Stillwater Good Neighbor Agreement: means, in whole or in part, without prior written consent of the publisher. A New Business Model of Cooperation for Natural Resource Industries 40

While every effort has been made to ensure History of Gough, Shanahan, Johnson & Waterman the accuracy of the information contained in and the reliability of the source, the Mirrors the History of Montana 44 publisher in no way guarantees nor warrants the information and is not responsible for Mines Management errors, omissions or statements made by advertisers. Opinions and recommendations Advances the Montanore Project to Next Phase 46 made by contributors or advertisers are not necessarily those of the publisher, its direc- Montana Contractors Association tors, officers or employees. Board of Directors 2007 49 Publications mail agreement #40934510 Return undeliverable Geometrics Introduces Economical, Easy-To-Use 3D Seismic System Canadian addresses to: DEL Communications Inc. For Coal, Oil, Gas & Geologic Exploration 50 211 Hespeler Avenue Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada R2L 0L5 Arcadis Email: [email protected] Putting Innovation into Practice 52

PRINTED IN CANADA Index to Advertisers 54

6 Montana Mining 2007

GOVERNOR’S MESSAGE MINING IN MONTANA Oro y Plata – Gold & Silver! “The Treasure State”

rom its beginning, Montana’s rich history is steeped in mining. want coal mining to expand in eastern Montana, an area that has FFrom the territorial gold rush days of Virginia City, to the copper experienced decades of economic dislocation. They want that expan- kings of Butte, all the way to today’s strip coal mines and the western sion to lead to the development of advanced, low emission mine hemisphere’s only platinum and palladium mine, mining has played, mouth clean coal power plants to the state. These plants will provide and continues to play, an important role in Montana’s economy. thousands of high quality permanent jobs in both western and east- Mining provides high paying jobs for Montana families and commu- ern Montana. nities. Hardrock mining is still very important to the state and still has Montana’s vast natural resources continue to offer great economic great growth potential. Stillwater Mining employs 1,600 workers at its development opportunities. I have been hosting meetings, traveling platinum/palladium mine and has given Stillwater County the high- the state and country, all the time promoting energy development as est per capita income in the state. The proposed Montanore and a boon to Montana’s economy, and an important part of a national Revett Minerals mines that are currently in permitting would develop strategy for energy independence. I have found that most Montanans a world class ore body in western Montana’s Lincoln County, and

8 Montana Mining 2007 Governor Brian Schweitzer

could bring hundreds of high paying jobs to that area. As we look at natural resource development in Montana, we can- not be driven by the political extremes. The clash between those who want to “build a fence around Montana,” and those who would do “rip and run” uncontrolled development must not stymie our future development. The large majority of Montanans support development as long as it is done right – in a manner that does not destroy our high quality of life. New technologies, combined with new market demands, provide an opportunity for mineral and coal development that has not been present for some time. We must take advantage of this window of opportunity to create the growth world’s reserves, Montana’s economy stands to gain tremendously Montanans want – and the jobs they deserve. Today’s Montana min- from this increased interest in the potential for coal. I will carry on ing operations can operate, and are operating, in an environmental- the long tradition of Democratic governors and continue to work to ly responsible manner. As long as that is the case, the state will sup- expand coal development in Montana. port our historical resource economy. I ask you and all Montanans to join in the effort to develop mining Natural resource development is not the province of just one polit- and energy jobs for ourselves, our children and our grandchildren. ical party. That is revealed by the fact that over the last 50 years, We can still be the “Treasure State” and also the “Last Best Place,” as Montana’s growth in coal development took place under three long as we have the will to get the job done right. Democratic governors, as illustrated by the chart on this page. With Governor Brian Schweitzer nearly a third of the nation’s coal reserves and eight percent of the ■

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Montana Mining Association www.montanamining.org 9 MESSAGE RICHARD OPPER, Director Montana Department of Environmental Quality

n the relatively short time I have served as the Director of the IMontana Department of Environmental Quality, I have learned a great deal about the modern mining industry and its impacts on the state – both the positive and otherwise. In fact, I’ve been amazed at the number of people who have volunteered to share their thoughts with the Montana Mining Association on HB 460. This bill addressed with me on the subject. I learned in short order that it’s an industry some of the shortfalls in the state’s ability to collect adequate bonds with passionate supporters and detractors, yet it is indisputable that to protect future taxpayers from unanticipated mining-related envi- mining has and continues to contribute to Montana’s economy with ronmental problems. The Montana Mining Association partnered its good paying jobs and valuable products. with the Montana Department of Environmental Quality to craft a As an extractive industry, it must address its impacts to Montana’s piece of legislation that met the needs of the people we both serve. air, land, and water resources. Like other mineral-rich states, I was pleased that we worked so well together, and HB 460 has now Montana has some eye-catching reclamation success stories. But been signed into law. sadly, our state also bears too many scars from a time when we knew The future looks bright for the modern mining industry in less about acid drainage, inadequately bonded mines, or placed too Montana. High prices, stronger laws and better science mean good much trust in operators who had no interest in building futures for jobs and good stewardship of Montana’s resources. I look forward to communities as they were building personal wealth. Part of my job a continued productive partnership with the members of the it to ensure that we acquire no more such scars. The good news for Montana Mining Association. the state is that I believe the Montana Mining Association is commit- Richard Opper, ted to this same goal. Director, Montana Department of Environmental Quality During this past legislative session, I had the pleasure of working ■

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10 Montana Mining 2007 LEGISLATION ANNOUNCEMENT

HB 460, an act revising the Metal Mine Reclamation Law, was signed MMA signs new into law by Governor Brian Schweitzer. Seated: Governor Brian Schweitzer and bill sponsor Representative Jim Keane. Standing: Senator Greg Lind, MMA Officers and staff President Mike Mullaney, statutory provision Former President Tim Smith, Executive Assistant Debra Pitassy, Membership Director Charles Robison, Executive Director Debbie Shea with DEQ and Director of Department of Environmental Quality Richard Opper.

HB 460, an act revising the Montana Metal Mine Reclamation Law, was a collaborative effort of the Montana Mining Association and the Department of Environmental Quality. The act provides for temporary bonding in unanticipated circumstances with a reasonable process for determination of that bond. This statutory provision is the result of months of interim work, and is the most recent in a series of efforts in which the mining industry has responded, in order to improve agency regulation and oversight.

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Montana Mining Association www.montanamining.org 11 PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE MIKE MULLANEY, President Montana Mining Association

was born and raised in Butte, Montana, Montana in order to get a good job in our opportunity to come back to Montana. I can Iand received a Mining Engineering degree field. After working seven years for United still remember the day I called my wife on from Montana Tech in 1992. Along with States Gypsum Company in the states of the phone, and told her we were coming most of my graduating class, I had to leave Oklahoma and Iowa, I finally found an back to this Big Sky Country. She was in tears with joy, knowing that we would be coming back to this Treasure State we love so much. I have served on the Montana Mining Association Board as Vice President for the past eight months, and I am currently working as the Production Manager at the Holcim cement plant in Three Forks. I am honored to take the responsibility as President of the Montana Mining Association. The foundation has been put in place for a bright future of the association. I can tell you from personal experience that the board meetings have experienced more participation in the past year, with great ideas being generated as a result. Having such great leadership involved in the management of this organization is fundamental to making ideas become reality: We have an awesome new director and assistant; the web site is new and improved; we followed up on our commitments with the Board of Environmental Review; and having been asked to work with the DEQ in the legislative session, we did, and as a result, HB 460 is now law. It is a privilege to be part of the mining industry. As Tim said, we have to earn a social license to operate. We have to focus on the people in our communities, educating and listening to them. We have to continue to improve communication within the association. We need to increase our size, and link up with other folks impacted by mining, as well as other associations with similar issues related to mining. The more we build connections with each other, the more we make big things happen. Please let the board know how we can improve the association. And again, thank you for the opportunity to serve as President of the Montana Mining Association. Yours, Mike Mullaney ■

12 Montana Mining 2007 PAST PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE

A glimpse of the past with a focus on the future

’d like to welcome all readers to this first edition of the Montana thing that contributes to our quality of life. The association under- IMining magazine. This publication comes at the perfect time as the stands that, in order to mine, the industry must go beyond obtaining association is in the throes of transformation. the necessary permits, it needs a social license. It must show that, not Three years ago, the mining industry in Montana was pretty bleak only will it bring wealth and jobs to an area, it will provide for con- – especially after being dealt a blow with the defeat of I-147. It tinued growth and economic prosperity long after the mine is appeared that the industry was rolling over to the environmental reclaimed. activists. Needless to say, this mood was reflected in the disposition and number of members in the association. For example, Golden Sunlight Mine, in preparation for its shut- Three years and two Executive Directors later, both the mining down, is actively working with a local non-profit development group industry and the association have a new lease on life (also thanks to for the development of an industrial park on prime land donated by higher metal prices). the mine. The addition of new businesses will help ease the eco- The Board of Directors decided that, if we wanted to get serious nomic transition once the mine closes. about promoting the industry, and extinguish the untruths bantered The key to the success of any organization is the size, involvement, by groups unfriendly to the industry, we needed a full time Executive and passion of its membership. To that end, Debbie and Debra have Director. We are all very pleased to have attracted Debbie Shea to the identified those individuals and service organizations who will bene- organization. Debbie brings years of legislative experience, personal fit most from joining the association. connections and foresight to the table. Throughout the last legislative After 30 months as President of the Montana Mining Association, session, she was “plugged in”, daily, to all issues, and between her its time to pass the torch. I will remain actively involved on the Board and Debra Pitassy, her Executive Assistant, the board was kept informed at all times. as Past President, and look forward to the future of the Montana Not only have we adopted a new professional image, but we are Mining Association under Mike Mullaney’s leadership. getting the truth out about what the mining industry means to local Sincerely, and state economies, and why mining is necessary for virtually every- Tim Smith ■

Montana Mining Association www.montanamining.org 13 EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR’S MESSAGE DEBBIE SHEA, Executive Director Montana Mining Association

MMA Executive Director Debbie Shea in front of Original Mine Gallows Frame.

orn in the 1950s in Butte, Montana, I was raised in the center of mining city girl. I follow in the footsteps of hard working advocates like Bthe mining industry. My playground was a part of all of the activ- Gary Langley, Angie Janacaro and Dustin Stewart. ity that had lured so many from every corner of the earth looking for This is an exciting time to be involved in the mining industry, as it a better life. experiences a rebirth and a role of leadership. The Montana Mining The Gallows Frame of the Original Mine, not active since the 1940s, Association’s work during the 2007 Montana Legislature included part- stood tall and proud as it cast its shadow over my neighborhood, a neighborhood whose story, like so many, typified the struggles and nering with the regulatory agency, with legislation that will insure hopes of working families. healthy and productive growth for both the industry and our great There was a strong work ethic that rose up in that mining camp state. We are proud of that effort, and look forward to our continued called Butte, laying the foundation for generations of miners to come. work with the Department of Environmental Quality. This work ethic would literally light up the entire nation and back the And so, as the global demand for metal continues, the mining efforts of two world wars. It was a work ethic that ensued pride in a industry will continue to provide high wages and significant support job well done. Butte was, and still is, a great place to call home. for local economies as well as for our great state. As new and innova- In 1993, I was most honored to become a state legislator from that tive technology replaces past practice, and high-tech reclamation proj- mining city, and during my time as a States Senator from Butte, I was proud to sponsor legislation on behalf of mining. ects take on life throughout Montana, the mining industry will con- Assuming the position of Executive Director of the Montana Mining tinue in our work to be good stewards of the land. Association in December of 2006 seemed a natural transition for this Debbie Shea ■

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14 Montana Mining 2007 MEMBER PROFILE MARK COLE

Cole has deep belief in mining industry

By Dawn M. Barker

ark Cole is a busy man. As one of the the mining industry in this state during the Mprincipals of Dick Irvin Inc. of Shelby, last decade, but I’m happy to say it looks Montana, he has his hands full with the diver- much better today,” Cole said. can come about, and that’s good for every- sified nature of trucking services the compa- “The future looks considerably better; the one,” he said. ny provides. Still, he finds the time to devote market is stronger than it has been in years.” “I’m a firm believer not only in our com- his energy to what he feels is an important In his spare time, Cole and his wife Barbara pany, but also in utilizing the resources we sector of the economy – the mining industry. raise quarter horses, and they try to visit as have here in North America. I think that we Cole is First Vice President of the Montana often as possible with their two grown chil- need to make use of the resources in a very Mining Association, and has put in many dren and four grandchildren. environmentally conscious way that will not hours of work, trying to find solutions to “We’re excited (to be grandparents),” he do harm to the environment, but provide the make the busy sector even better for every- said. “Every opportunity we get, we try to basics that the industry and the economy one involved. spend time with them.” needs.” As well as the MMA, Cole has worked on Still, the pull of his work with the company So it would appear there’s no sign of slow- transportation steering committees and continues, and Cole is dedicated to his pro- ing down for Cole. research projects in both the U.S. and fession. Canada, bringing logistics and analysis of the “Ours is a progressive company. You need “We’ve talked about it (retiring),” he said, transportation industry to the economic fore- to be on the cutting edge of development in “but I don’t know what I would do. You front, and he also holds the chair as president the region or area. It’s just beneficial to be always think about it, but if you enjoy what of the Montana Motor Carrier Association, as aware of what’s happening, and in some way you’re doing, you might as well keep on. At well as serving on various boards and com- to be able to assist in developing the eco- this point, I’m definitely looking forward to mittees of the construction and agriculture nomic situation, new businesses or industries more years in the industry.” ■ industries. Though he has been involved with Dick Irvin for 34 years, Cole was by no means “there at the beginning”. Established in 1951 as a single proprietorship by Dick and Pat Irvin, the company began with just a single farm truck serving the local agriculture market. Dick Irvin became incorporated in 1967, and has since grown immensely, now operating between 85 and 100 power transport Service - Solutions - Satisfaction units throughout the United States and western Canada. Although it still serves its origi- Chromium-carbide Liners cut and formed for dozers, nal agricultural clientele, time has seen the Overlay Plate loaders, haul trucks and shovels company branch out to serve the oil and gas is available Liners for chutes, conveyors, resource, mining and construction industries. washer vessels, and hoppers Direct from the Dick Irvin made its entry into the Montana Standard size - 5’ X 10’ mining scene in the late 1970s, when the oil manufacturer ¼ on ¼, 3/8 on 3/8 or ½ on ½ and gas market was on a decline. Today, it services not only Montana, but also all of the 205.343.9100 email: [email protected] western U.S. and Canada. (fax)205.343.0073 www.hardsteel.com “I’ve seen a very substantial reduction in

Montana Mining Association www.montanamining.org 15 MONTANA BUREAU OF MINES AND GEOLOGY: HELP FOR MINERS

By Susan Barth

Rob McCulloch, down the mine.

ining has always been a thorny undertaking: risky, even dan- operators, archaeologists, exploration companies, and government Mgerous. But these days it’s even more complicated. How does regulators. a would-be miner figure out where to look for placers? Which prop- “I teach miners where to look, how to interpret deposits, how to erty he’s allowed to pan or dig? Who can a miner ask to figure out sample and extract resources, how to permit it, and how to operate how to fill out a claim form, or an environmental impact assessment? within our environmental standards. It’s the whole deal,” said Answer: Rob McCulloch. McCulloch. McCulloch is the sole staff member of the Montana Bureau of He also assists miners with the sometimes confusing documenta- Mines and Geology’s small-mines assistance program. On any given tion required by different agencies: planning documents, contracts, day, McCulloch works with prospectors, hobbyists, small-scale placer and conservation easements. He keeps records of current mining

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16 Montana Mining 2007 Active mines and known mineral potential areas of Montana. operations and companies (see map of 2006 mining activity), and a comprehensive guide to placer history and locations recently maps of current and past placer deposits. reprinted by the MBMG. And he answers lots and lots of questions. To reach McCulloch, call 406-496-4171. If you’ve got a question “Ten to fifteen calls per day, and an equal amount of emails is nor- about mining, or need some help getting through the process, he’ll mal. It’s not unusual to have visitors backed up into the hallway,” said be happy to help you. McCulloch. In an effort to help even more would-be miners, in 2003 he pub- To find out more about the Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology, lished a detailed how-to guide, Applied Gold Placer Exploration and or order any of our publications, see our website at Evaluation Techniques. He also recommends Gold Placers of Montana, http://mbmg.mtech.edu. ■

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Montana Mining Association www.montanamining.org 17 Rock Creek Mine a boost for both economy and ecosystem

By Dawn M. Barker

sually, one hears about civilization’s infringement into the nat- acres of land outside the wilderness area that is suitable for grizzly Uural ecosystem as a battle of man vs. nature, with nature on the bear habitat. To offset the 115 acre area, Revett will purchase an losing end of the deal. Revett Minerals’ proposed Rock Creek Mine, additional 2,450 acres of bear habitat which will never be sold or however, promises to turn that concept on its ear, with productivity developed, and fund the closure of five miles of existing roads which and the health of the local ecology going hand-in-hand – or should are currently in the protected habitat area. that be “hand-in-paw”? The composition of the mine, located 1,000 feet below ground When the Rock Creek Mine was originally proposed in 1998, many level, will mean that wildlife and people on the surface won’t even be feared the endangered grizzlies of the Cabinet-Yaak Ecosystem (CYE) aware that industry is happening beneath their feet. would be harmed, or even Revett recently agreed to and is wiped out by the copper and When the Rock Creek Mine was originally proposed funding three positions for the life silver mining activity, even in 1998, many feared the endangered grizzlies of of the mine: two Montana Fish, though the mining would the Cabinet-Yaak Ecosystem (CYE) would be Wildlife & Parks grizzly bear spe- take place deep under- cialists and one law enforcement ground. Originally, a biologi- harmed, or even wiped out by the copper and officer; the company will assist cal opinion was first issued in silver mining activity, even though the mining Montana’s Department of Fish, 2000, and was revisited in would take place deep underground. Wildlife & Parks, the U.S. Fish and 2002. Revett then revised its Wildlife Service and the United plans substantially, so much so that it became clear they were com- States Forest Service in providing education, information and out- mitted to benefiting all wildlife as well as “the griz” in the area. This reach programs. This will include monitoring and research efforts commitment eventually won the support of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife centered on the CYE grizzly bear population. Service. In fact, the Revett plan will result in more funding for the Finally, Revett Minerals will purchase grizzly bear-resistant garbage Cabinet Yaak Ecosystem than has been spent on the Yellowstone containers for employees who live in the area, for the mine, and for Ecosystem over the last 25 years (the grizzly bear population in Forest Service campgrounds, and convert the Sanders County garbage Yellowstone is now proposed for delisting). transfer station and others in the area to be bear-resistant. Included in Revett’s plan is the provision that the company will not This suite of measures will cost Revett an estimated $18 million in disturb the 94,000 acres of wilderness adjacent to the mine’s mill site today’s dollars (approximately $30 million if escalated at 4% per nor the surface of the wilderness area a thousand feet above where annum) during the project’s lifespan, which the company says equals much of the mining activity will take place, thus affecting only 115 more than $1 million for each bear known to live in the area.

18 Montana Mining 2007

Estimates are that direct bear mortality In a recent news release, Revett President reduce the potential for human-caused attributable to the mine during the mine’s and CEO Bill Orchow stated that “No other mortality of grizzly bears.” 35 year lifespan will be a single bear, and to grizzly bear ecosystem, worldwide, has Revett’s commitment to the ecosystem offset this, Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks received such an intensive, concerted and does not stop at bears, either. The original plans to import six female bears into the coordinated effort to reduce conflicts biological report raised concerns that mine area. between grizzly bears and people, and to construction could elevate sediment levels,

20 Montana Mining 2007 Revett Minerals President and CEO Bill Orchow believes the company developed a win-win situation with Rock Creek. “This is good news for the economy, good news for Northwest Montana, and good news for wildlife.”

adversely affecting the area’s bull developed a win-win situation with trout population. In answer, the com- Rock Creek. pany has committed to pave the road, “This is good news for the economy, install sediment control structures, good news for Northwest Montana, and and provide long-term monitoring to good news for wildlife,” he said. ■ detect changes in water chemistry and temperature. The mitigation plan contains many additional environment-friendly measures as well, such as not using salt on the roads during winter, removal of any animals from the roadway area, construction of power lines to reduce potential harm to bald eagles, and funding electric fencing kits to sur- round bear problem sites. The result will be a positive net effect to the ecosystem, and it certainly will be for the local human economy. When up and operating at capacity, the mine is estimated to produce 10,000 tons of silver and copper per day, and to provide 300 “quality” jobs and 30 years of economic benefits to the region, including taxes, local pur- chasing and the multiplier effect which comes from improving the local economy. Revett’s existing Troy Mine, just over the hill from Rock Creek, is solid proof that Revett can and will operate in an environmentally friendly and economically beneficial manner. Con- stant monitoring has shown benign tailings and mine water that consis- tently meets drinking water standards. Troy provides 150 local jobs and produces 6,500 tons of copper and silver daily. Revett’s tradition of protecting the environment and providing economic benefits to the community will continue with operations at Rock Creek Mine. Revett Minerals President and CEO Bill Orchow believes the company has

Montana Mining Association www.montanamining.org 21

TheThe reopeningreopening ofof MontanaMontana TunnelsTunnels

September 18, 2006 – Initial Layback of Upper East Highwall.

Editorial by Pierre LeMieux, Environmental Scientist, Montana Tunnels Mining, Inc.

he headline of the January 31, 2006 Helena pit access options and safety issues affecting the TIndependent Record read; “Wall mine. After a number of alternatives were Collapse at Jefferson Co. Mine Leads to developed by the Montana Tunnels Likely Permanent Closure.” Roughly engineers, Knight Piesold fourteen months later, the local Consulting, Ltd. conducted a geot- press release read; “Jefferson City echnical assessment of the pro- Mine has Bright Future.” While we posed slope remediation alterna- can often be cautioned against tives for the the east highwall.The believing all things negative we read overview assessment considered a in the press, the storyline of the number of key objectives for improv- Montana Tunnels Mine over the past year ing the perfomance of the east highwall has been quite interesting. area, including the reduction of slope defor- Montana Tunnels Mining, Inc. is a joint venture sub- mation and risk of haul ramp instability, achieving sidiary of Apollo Gold Corporation with offices in Denver, Colorado, appropriate factors of safety for the overall slope, and mitigating and Calim Private Equity, LLC with offices in Aspen, Colorado. The rockfall hazards in the east sector. The accepted plan of action called Montana Tunnels mine is located approximately 25 miles south of for the removal of five million tons of waste material along the Helena and ten miles north of Boulder, the county seat. The mine is upper east wall in order to lay back the instable area to a more sta- situated in Jefferson County, Montana, within the historic “Corbin- ble angle and allow for the reestablishment of essential catch Wickes” mining district. Montana Tunnels operations include extrac- benches and the haul ramp system transecting the east wall. tion of a poly-metallic bearing ore from a single open pit mine and The problem at hand was that Montana Tunnels was in the final a mill process facility that produces gold, silver, lead, and zinc con- stages of completing a planned open pit strip and had just reached centrates for sale into commerce. Although it is an open pit mine, the primary high-grade ore body in the lower reaches of the pit. Montana Tunnels takes its name from two exploratory adits that Completing the strip had significantly exhausted company funds and were driven into the ore body that is now being mined in the additional financing would be required in order to reestablish the year1900. east highwall. Following 25 months of environmental review, the mine began Due to predominately higher metal prices, the mine was able to operations in February, 1986 under mining permit authorization by temporarily process low -grade stockpiled materials until May of the Montana Department of State Lands and the Bureau of Land 2006. During this time, employment levels dropped from 208 to 95. Management. Prior to the recent shutdown, the mine had been in After May 10, 2006, the mine was placed under care and mainte- continuous operation for nearly 20 years. nance status with a skeleton staff of only 13 employees. Although the newspaper articles would lead the reader to believe During this time, Montana Tunnels was essentially down for the that the highwalls at Montana Tunnels had collapsed, the reality was count. The mine needed the necessary financing to repair the pit that there was no highwall collapse, but rather that the east wall of walls, rebuild the haul ramps, and remove waste which was cover- the open pit was experiencing slope deformation and localized haul ing a portion of the ore body. Dave Russell, the President and CEO of ramp instabilities. The result caused increased concern for employ- Apollo Gold, was tasked with this deed. Mr. Russell traveled through- ee safety and ultimately led to the decision to stop mining in the out North America, Europe, and Southeast Asia meeting with open pit until safe alternatives were developed. As is often the case, bankers, investors, and other mining companies, looking for the developing alternatives can be expensive. financing necessary to get Montana Tunnels up and running. Montana Tunnels commenced with a technical review involving Finally Dave Russell met with Patrick Imeson, Managing Director

Montana Mining Association www.montanamining.org 23 October 3, 2006 – November 3, 2006 – Establishing catch benches on highwall and initial ramp delelopment. Creating switchback in ramp system. of Calim Private Equity, an investment firm which focuses on leisure the local and state economy. The mines payroll is $15 million and and entertainment, alternative energy, and mines. In July of 2007, offers and average salary of $45,000. In Montana, $22 million in Mr. Russell and Mr. Imeson signed a joint venture agreement in spent annually on goods and services. In addition, the mine pays which Calim would provide the funding necessary to put Montana $800,000 in county taxes and $700,000 in state taxes. The current Tunnels back on its feet. It took about $15 million to complete the plan of operations calls for extraction of ore and subsequent pro- repairs and re-open. However, this is just a fraction of the cost of cre- cessing through 2009. ating a new, comparable mine, which would consume on the order In 2004, Montana Tunnels submitted an amendment application of $180 million. to the Department of Environmental Quality and the Bureau of Land Completing the remediation project involved piecing together a Management that proposes to mine and process additional ore variety of puzzle pieces ranging from refurbishing mining and resources located deeper within the existing open pit mine. An milling equipment to hiring key personnel. In fact, approximately Environmental Impact Statement is currently in process for the pro- 80% of the current workforce has previously been employed by the posed changes. Approval will allow continued development of the mine. ore resource and will extend mine operations into 2013. Alterations Montana Tunnels expects revenues of $87 million this year; which required to carry out the proposed plan include; increasing the area can be credited to record high metals prices. These revenues buoy and depth of the open pit mine, extending waste rock storage areas,

24 Montana Mining 2007 December 4, 2006 – January 2, 2007 – Second switchback established. Fourth switchback established.

raising the elevation of the tailings embankment, moving a portion of the mine access road, realigning the course of two stream channels, and providing new storage areas for topsoil. Ore han- dling and processing facilities will continue to operate as currently approved. A final reclamation plan will be carried out at the conclusion of mine operations to return disturbed lands to beneficial post-mining use. The outlook for approval of the proposed mine plan is positive, and once again the future is bright for Montana Tunnels Mining, Inc. The accompanying photodocumentary depicts the remediation January 22, 2007 – of the east wall and haul ramp system. For additional information Layback and ramp completed. on the east wall remediation project at Montana Tunnels, please visit Apollogold.com and Calimpe.com. ■ January - February, 2007 – Removing waste material from pit base.

February 22, 2007 – Drilling Ore in Pit Base.

Black Butte Iron Mine. Montana Mining Association www.montanamining.org 25 HOLCIM’SHOLCIM’S TRIDENTTRIDENT CEMENTCEMENT PLANT:PLANT: BuildingBuilding onon thethe pastpast toto meetmeet thethe needsneeds ofof the the futurefuture

olcim’s Trident Cement Plant in Three deposits have provided the raw material for ships throughout its history. The most HForks is preparing to celebrate its cen- the millions of metric tons of cement the recent change in ownership occurred in tenary in 2008, but the fact that the plant plant has produced over its history. That 1990 when the plant, then owned by Ideal has stood at the headwaters of the Missouri cement product, in turn, has gone into the Basic Industries, was purchased by River for nearly 100 years doesn’t begin to development of much of Montana’s infra- Holderbank Financiere Glaris Ltd., of tell the real story of its connection to the structure, providing the basic material for Switzerland to become part of the Holnam, area. A century before the construction of many of the region’s roads, bridges, build- Inc., system in North America. In 2001, the the plant, Lewis and Clark’s epic journey ings and other structures. name was changed again to Holcim (US) brought the explorers to the Headwaters Inc. Corridor, an event mentioned in William Trident Plant However, the name changes are the least Clark’s journal, where he also commented Starting out as the Three Forks Portland significant of the transformations the plant on the massive limestone formations in the Cement Company, the plant has gone has undergone. Over the years, technologi- area. In the years since, those limestone through several name changes and owner- cal developments have helped the plant evolve continually, in order to meet the needs of a growing region while providing livelihoods to generations of employees (the average Trident Cement Plant employee has been on the job at the plant for more than 20 years). The current plant configuration, with a single large kiln and modern dust collection system, began operation in 1973. As the plant has upgraded and improved its equipment and operations, it has also contributed significantly to the Gallatin County economy, as well as maintained a commitment to a safe work environment and a phi- losophy of sustainable development. Today, the Trident plant produces approximately 320,000 metric tons of cement per year (enough to create 1.5 million cubic yards of concrete), supplying construction projects in Montana, where the state’s growing population will increase the

26 Montana Mining 2007 Trident Mine. demand for cement by 27 percent in the next 25 years. The plant is Gallatin County’s fifth largest taxpayer, generating $550,000 in property and mining taxes annually for the county. Some of the more well-known area projects for which Trident products have been used include: the Tongue River Reservoir; the Montana State University Chemistry Building; the Bennett Bay Bridge; the Big Sky Aerial Tram; various Montana Department of Highways pavements and concrete structures around the state; and, various FAA airfield run- ways and aprons.

Montana Mining Association www.montanamining.org 27 Black Butte Iron Mine.

Trident products are highly regarded for In addition to Montana, Trident cement Customer market segments for Holcim consistency and quality. The plant pro- is marketed in Wyoming and Idaho, as well cement products include: ready mix compa- duces traditional ASTM C-150 cements, but as in Alberta and portions of Saskatchewan. nies; paving contractors; block and precast is actively developing new products, includ- The plant’s products are marketed directly producers; energy (oil) development; and ing the Envirocore family of products which from the plant, as well as through a system mining operations. require less energy to produce, yet meet the of distribution terminals stretching from Holcim’s Trident plant has sustained this high demands of the construction industry. Twin Falls, Idaho, to Edmonton, Alberta. level of productivity with a focus on safety

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28 Montana Mining 2007 and respect for the environment. The Trident plant is registered as an ISO 14001 facility, with an environmental management system to help ensure that it operates efficiently and in compliance with all applicable federal, state, local and company regulations and standards. As a testament to its commitment to worker safety, the plant has operated more than five years without a lost time accident. While the Holcim Trident plant has a long history of contributing to Montana’s growth, and the region’s development overall, the company’s vision is to continue to provide foundations for society’s future, while reducing its emissions and its ecological footprint. It seeks to achieve this goal by ensuring a more efficient and sustainable use of its products. One example of this commitment to sustainable development is the company’s worldwide goal of reducing CO2 emissions by 20 percent by 2010 compared to 1990 level emissions. The Trident plant’s parent company, Holcim Ltd., is active in several prestigious environmental organizations, including: chair of the Energy and Climate Working Group of the World Business Council on Sustainable Development; chair of the Climate Change Taskforce, Cement Sustainability Initiative; member of the Pew Center on Global Climate Change; and charter member of the EPA’s Climate Leaders Program. ■

Montana Mining Association www.montanamining.org 29 A Capsule view of Montana Tech’s School of Mines and Engineering

he Montana State School of Mines was Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Montana Tech since 1982 and is retiring Testablished in 1895, opened in 1900, Mining Engineering this year. and its first graduating class was in 1903. In Petroleum Engineering • Dr. Richard McNearny teaches the rock 1900, Butte was the premier mining camp in Safety Health and Industrial Hygiene mechanics courses, underground con- the US, and the Montana School of Mines The School of Mines and Engineering cur- struction and unit operations courses. rently has 912 students and awarded 144 BS was focused on hardrock underground min- • Dr. Paul Conrad teaches surface mine ing. The last century has brought name degrees and 31 MS degrees in 2006. The design, mine permitting, and the mining changes, growth and expansion of Montana school has 50 faculty and 7 support staff. methods classes. Tech’s mission. Whereas in 1900, only one • Dr. Phillip Dirige is brand new to the pro- degree was offered, today Montana Tech Mining Engineering offers degrees in 23 different areas at the BS The mining program trains mining engi- gram. He will be teaching surveying, level and 12 masters’ level degrees. neers in all facets of mining. The objective is underground mine design, and rock frag- One thing that hasn’t changed is Montana to provide a quality education that blends mentation courses. Tech’s service to the mining industry. The theory and practice in order to produce a • Mr. David Armstrong is also new this year, School of Mines and Engineering at Montana mining engineer who can enter and pursue a and will be teaching computer aided Tech continues to supply geological engi- successful career in the field of Mining mine design course, mine management neers, mining engineers, and metallurgical Engineering, and who is prepared to meet and engineering economics. engineers to industry. The School of Mines the vigorous demands of natural resource also supplies the mining industry with grad- development throughout the world. Tech is Metallurgical and Materials Engineering uates in occupational safety and health, the place where ‘theory meets practice”. The Metallurgical & Materials Engineering industrial hygiene, and environmental engi- Currently, there are over 800 living mining program dates back to 1922, when the first neers. The School of Mines and Engineering alumni working all over the world. Over 170 metallurgy degrees were offered. At that at Montana Tech is the only school in the US of them (21%) live and work in Montana. The time, the program was extremely strong in offering this full suite of programs geared states of Washington, Nevada, and Wyoming mineral processing and extractive metallur- towards the minerals industry. have over 50 mining alums each, and 63% of gy. Over the decades, the program has The School of Mines and Engineering is mining alumni live and work in the Western expanded and evolved to encompass physi- composed of the following departments; US. cal metallurgy, materials and welding, but it Environmental Engineering Five faculty teach in the mining program: is the only program in the US that has kept a General Engineering • Dr. John Brower teaches the mineral eco- strong mineral processing and extractive Geological Engineering nomics and mine valuation courses for metallurgy emphasis. Montana Tech has Geophysical Engineering the program. Dr. Brower has taught at more faculty expertise in mineral processing

30 Montana Mining 2007 LEADERSHIP

Dean Dr. Peter Knudsen has been Dean of the School of Mines and Engineering since 1994, and has taught at Montana Tech since 1981. Dr. Knudsen graduated from Montana Tech in 1968 with a degree in geological engineering. His MS and PhD in mining engineering are from the University of Arizona. Dr. Knudsen’s specialization is in the area of computer aided mine design and geostatistics.

Department Head – Metallurgical Engineering Dr. Courtney Young is Department Head of the Metallurgical & Materials Engineering Department. He obtained his BS in Mineral Processing Engineering Montana Tech in 1984, his MS in Mining and Minerals Engineering from Virginia Tech and his PhD in Metallurgical Engineering from the University of Utah. He has taught at Montana Tech since 1993. Dr. Young’s expertise is in surface chemistry, electrochemistry, flota- tion, physical separations, and sulfide electrochemistry.

Department Head – Geological Engineering Dr. Diane Wolfgram leads the Geological Engineering Program and is the interim Department Head for the Mining Engineering program. Dr. Wolfgram has taught at Montana Tech since 1996. Dr. Wolfgram received her BS degree in geological engineering from the South Dakota School of Mines in 1962. She obtained her MA and PhD in Geology from the University of California, Berkeley. Dr. Wolfgram has 30 years of industry experience.

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Montana Mining Association www.montanamining.org 31 extractive metallurgy. CAMP is directed by and Dr. Corby Anderson; Dr. Anderson is an • Dr. Diane Wolfgram is extractive met- extractive metallurgist; Mr. John Krustilich is Department Head and teaches allurgy than any other a process engineer; Dr. Paul Miranda is an university. courses in economic geology, mining extractive metallurgist and Mr. Francis The metallurgy program has six geology, exploration an structural geology. Dakubo is a mineral processor. faculty members and four research faculty. • Dr. Chris Gammons teaches courses in Dr. Courtney Young, a mineral processing geochemistry and hydrogeology. Geological Engineering engineer, leads the program; Dr. Larry • Dr. Willis Weight teaches classes in hydro- Twidwell, Dr. Hsin Huang, and Dr. Jerry Also dating back to 1922, the Geological geology and statistics. Downey are extractive metallurgists; Mr. Engineering program trains engineers in the • Dr. Mary MacLaughlin teaches classes in William Huestis is a mineral processor and four fundamental areas of geological engi- engineering geology, geomechanics, and Dr. Kevin Jaansalu is a physical metallurgist. neering;mining geology, hydrogeology, geo- slope design. Dr. Mark Sholes teaches The Center for Advanced Mineral Pro- mechanics and engineering geology. classes in physical geology, coal geology, cessing (CAMP) employs four research faculty The Geological Engineering program has petrology and geomorphology. with expertise in mineral processing and five faculty members: ■

32 Montana Mining 2007 ToppingTopping thethe “Richest“Richest HillHill onon Earth”Earth” TheThe O.T.O.T. MiningMining Corporation’sCorporation’s RubyRuby propertyproperty isis bolsteringbolstering miningmining inin MontanaMontana

By Carly Peters

The road to 05C-6 immediately after full reclamation; one year from now this site will be covered with grass.

any have referred to Montana over the years as “the South zinc, manganese, molybdenum, gold and silver. The Ruby project MAmerica of U.S. mining”. Having gone through some indus- is the site of the discovery of an extremely large porphyry copper- try valleys, the state is once again seeing a revival of interest in molybdenum mineralized zone that has the potential to exceed mining due to numerous elements including government support the “Richest Hill on Earth.” Additional targets on the property and increased environmental awareness on the industry’s behalf. include high-grade gold-silver mineralization at the Ruby gold-sil- Yet, a major catalyst of this renewed attention has been one com- ver mine, and epithermal style gold-silver at the Kit Carson target pany’s significant mining discovery. area. The O.T. Mining Corporation, based out of Montreal, Quebec, is “Without question, the discovery of the porphyry copper- uniquely positioned to deliver a potentially significant source of molybdenum deposit known as the North Anomaly has been the raw materials to the marketplace with their North Anomaly por- most significant for O.T.,” says Dr. Mark Fedikow Ph.D. P.Eng. P.Geo. phyry copper-molybdenum C.P.G., Vice President system and high-grade pre- “Butte has been producing since the 1860s with Exploration for The O.T. cious metals targets on the only minor interuptions in mining, and this Mining Corporation. “This company’s Ruby property. deposit has east-west dimen- Some say that this area alone underscores the significance of O.T.’s potential at sions of 15,000 feet and may return Montana to its pre- the North Anomaly. In addition to the porphyry north-south dimensions of dominance of base and pre- 8,000 feet, with a vertical copper-molybdenum system, O.T. has intersected cious metal wealth in the U.S. extent of at least 3,200 feet. It high-grade base and precious metal mineralization is open in all directions and at Uncovering Potential while exploring in the past-producing Ruby gold- depth.” The O.T. Mining Corporation The parallels between the was incorporated in Montana silver mine environment.” North Anomaly and Butte are in 1980 as Ruby Resources of of extreme importance in this Montana Inc., but changed their name in 1987 when they began system. According to Dr. Fedikow, similarities in host rocks, struc- trading publicly. At that time the company’s property consisted of tural style, alteration, mineralization and the recent discovery of five patented and 22 unpatented mining claims, which equalled east-west-trending geophysical anomalies thought to be represen- 480 acres in the Lowland Mining District of Jefferson County, tative of Main Stage veins are all exciting developments that could Montana. signify long-term production. Main Stage veins were responsible Today, O.T. Mining has 13 patented and 681 unpatented claims for the bulk of base and precious metal production at Butte. covering 21.3 square miles at the Ruby Property. The Ruby prop- “Butte has been producing since the 1860s with only minor erty is 14 miles from Butte, an area that once laid claim to being interruptions in mining, and this underscores the significance of the “Richest Hill on Earth” in terms of its production of copper, O.T.’s potential at the North Anomaly,” he says. “In addition to the

Montana Mining Association www.montanamining.org 33 1 2 3

Photo 1: Steps of the Reclamation Process: First, the road or drill site is “recontoured”, during which all fill material is replaced so that the disturbance is at the original natural slope. Topsoil is placed on the top of this. Then, “slash” (dead trees, roots ,etc.) is placed on top of the topsoil, in order to hold in soil moisture, prevent the straw mulch and grass seed from blowing away, preclude access by motorized vehicles, and provide nutrients to the soil when it decays. Next the porphyry copper-molybdenum system, forms of geochemical and geophysical sur- side of O.T.’s forward momentum has O.T. has intersected high-grade base and veys, such as Mobile Metal Ions (MMI) been significant with the addition of qual- precious metal mineralization while technology. While the use of MMI on the ity staff to our team,” states Dr. Fedikow. exploring in the past-producing Ruby Ruby property is only one of the geotech- This includes Dr. Fess Foster, a 30-year gold-silver mine environment. These drill nical tools available to O.T. Mining’s team, Montana exploration veteran, who brings intersections were of a style of mineraliza- it has been critical in the exploration of a wealth of technical expertise to O.T. and tion not discovered in the past when the the area where there is a lack of outcrop is responsible for environmental permit- Ruby Mine produced 2.44 ounces per ton or, as in the case of the North Anomaly ting, public relations and government liai- and 38.66 ounces per ton silver. The new porphyry system, the target mineraliza- son. The second is Tom Weitz, O.T.’s proj- mineralization is comprised of lead-zinc tion is buried beneath thick layers of vol- ect manager. Tom has 30 years of global and silver, has not been drilled off, and is canic rock. The application of this technol- a deposit type that O.T. plans to pursue.” ogy has permitted the group to “see experience in the exploration, discovery, According to Dr. Fedikow, this is the through” these rocks at mineralized opening and closure of mines and has only property that O.T. has in its Montana sources so that they can be drill-tested. multiple responsibilities including man- portfolio, and will continue to focus the agement of O.T.’s field programs, drill con- majority of its technical expertise on it. People Powered tracts, core facilities, budgeting and liai- Utilizing cutting edge technology is top Yet, cutting edge technology is only suc- son with State and local officials. priority for O.T. Mining’s President James cessful when applied properly. O.T. The technical team is anchored by 50- Hess, whose area of specialization is natu- Mining’s exploration success is due in part plus year exploration veteran Oliver Maki, ral resources and emerging technologies, to its group of professionals, each of whose expertise is global in all aspects of and who has spearheaded many of the which have more than 30 years of mining the mining exploration and development techniques used on this project. Evidence experience and many technical and com- business. His ability to assess mineral of the presence of the unknown mineral- mercial successes to their credits. prospects in light of this experience is key ization was recognized using advanced “The building of the ‘human resource’ to O.T.’s success. Not to mention Dr. Fedikow, who has 30 “Common Chemicals With Uncommon Service” years of industry and government experience as an exploration geochemist and LOCALLY OWNED & OPERATED mineral deposits geologist. In this capaci- Proudly serving the mining industry with a full line of ty, he has published numerous articles on chemical reagents, water treatment, refinery and speciali- mineral deposits and their geochemical ty chemicals. Make us your one stop shop for all your Chemical Montana Company expressions in rock, soil and vegetation 2000 Boulder Avenue Helena, MT 59601 chemical needs. Total inventory management and techni- (406) 442-8900 • Fax (406) 442-8035 cal services available. One drum or one truckload give us sample media, and in 2001 was the recip- Greg Peterson - PRESIDENT a call we are ready to serve you. ient of the Provincial Geologists Medal, a Mark McAlmond - OPERATIONS MANAGER Canadian national award for outstanding Toll Free 1-800-242-6515 email: [email protected] geoscientific achievement.

34 Montana Mining 2007 4 5 6 area is seeded with a certified weed-free seed mix that includes natural grasses. Lastly, area is covered with certified weed-free straw as a last step in the reclamation process. Photo 2: Fully reclaimed road to NA04-6, with less than 1 season’s growth (with Tom Weitz for scale). Photo 3: Fully reclaimed drill site KC04-3 after 1 year of growth; it looks just like the surrounding native ground. Photo 4: The USFS inspecting reclamation in the Kit Carson Area. Photo 5: August 2006, Close up of bull moose along Lowland Creek near Buffalo Gulch (FESS). Photo 6: View looking east from North Anomaly Ridge toward Lowland Creek.

Gleaming Future Further exploration of the North Anomaly porphyry copper system through an aggressive drill program will continue in 2007, with additional geophysical and MMI surveys to help delineate drill targets. O.T. will also drill test high-grade coinci- dent geophysical and geochemical targets at their Kit Carson area. “O.T. believes the Kit Carson area has excellent potential to host a high-grade epithermal system of gold and silver mineralization similar to that found at the past-producing Kit Carson Mine,” claims Dr. Fedikow. “This mine is not on O.T.’s property but is adjacent to it, and was characterized by very high- grade precious and base metal grades.” The Ruby property, if proven to be economic to mine, will not only provide a significant number of jobs and economic benefits to associated industries in local and state economies, but will also again help put Montana on the mining map - something that’s welcomed by State officials and the industry alike. “Montana is open for business,” he exclaims. “It is O.T.’s intent to capitalize on this mining-friendly business climate.” ■

Montana Mining Association www.montanamining.org 35 GOLDEN SUNLIGHT MINE An environmental and partnership legacy

By Shannon Dunlap, GSM Environmental Superintendent

Reclamation on the east side of the mine. Mule deer graze near the top of the reclaimed west waste rock dump. something else, which many may consider gram continues to evolve and consists of four out of place … a gold mine. pillars, including ethics, employees, commu- The Golden Sunlight Mine (GSM) began nity, and environment, health and safety. operation with a strong commitment to envi- The Barrick vision is, “To be the world’s best ronmental stewardship and the local com- gold company by finding, acquiring, devel- munity, and this commitment has continued oping and producing quality reserves in a to date. This commitment will ensure the safe, profitable and socially responsible long-term physical, chemical and ecological manner.” The GSM has implemented its sus- stability of the mine site and an active part- tainability strategy by focusing on these pri- nership with local stakeholders. The GSM is mary issues. an open pit gold mine located near the town Environmental stewardship and high of Whitehall, in southwestern Montana, and quality land reclamation have been priorities is owned by Barrick Gold Corporation. GSM for GSM since it began operation. The mine has been in operation since 1982, and has site is adjacent to a major interstate and is produced over 2.4 million ounces of gold. highly visible to the public. GSM has the Today, the current workforce consists of opportunity to have a tremendous impact on approximately 150 employees and a small forming the ideas and standards expected by he Jefferson River valley in southwest contract underground mine operation of the public of the mining industry and what TMontana is home to more than the around 35 miners and additional contrac- their expectations are for reclamation. Its small rural communities and ranches seen tors. Over the past few years, mining activity superior reclamation efforts, combined with throughout the area. There is abundant at the GSM site has been winding down, with its ongoing innovative research, are indica- wildlife, world class outdoor recreation, agri- an anticipated closure scheduled for 2008. tive of its environmental leadership in the culture, and breathtaking views. And there is The GSM and Barrick sustainability pro- mining community.

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36 Montana Mining 2007

Industrial park planning with Community Transistion Advisory Committee (CTAC) group.

Above: Industrial Park lease signing in Whitehall. Barrick North American CEO, Greg Lang, looks on as Joe Calnan (JLDC President) signs lease. Montana Governor Brian Schweitzer looks on from the back of the room.

Mine land reclamation is a key element of the GSM operation. The GSM has had a tremendous effect on the social environment Reclamation plans are fully engineered and implemented as soon as and culture of the local area since its inception. The employees of the areas become available. These plans are routinely reviewed and GSM are an active part of the local area and have had a significant role updated to incorporate the latest in technologies and GSM experience, in shaping the local culture. Their involvement throughout the com- and are backed up with reclamation and post-mine management munity has a major impact on setting the community values and surety in the amount of approximately $54 million. ideals. The safety record at GSM has been outstanding and is During the 22 years of operation, mining has disturbed about 2,236 ingrained into the culture. It translates into the daily lives of the local acres. The GSM has reclaimed 1,066 acres or 47% of its total distur- residents, as GSM employees become involved in various community bance, and 58% of its permitted reclamation obligation of remaining organizations and activities. GSM’s support for education is an on- disturbed areas. To date, the GSM has spent over $17 million on recla- going activity. mation, of which approximately $13 million was spent in the period The Community Transition Advisory Committee (CTAC) was formed 2000 through 2001. The balance is made of active facilities such as in the spring of 2000 through the vision of GSM General Manager Doug the open pit, waste rock complex, tailing impoundment, plant site Bailey. He felt that involving the community in closure planning was and attendant haul and access roads, all essential to the ongoing min- necessary to generate trust. The CTAC works on a comprehensive plan- ing operation. ning process to focus on how to mitigate the negative economic The Golden Sunlight Mine has been an integral part of the com- impact the local area will encounter with the pending closure of the munity and local area for many years. Employees and family members GSM. While actively engaged in sustaining existing mining operations, also are a good testimony to the mining industry. Their networking the CTAC also focuses its efforts on the development of a working out- with others outside the mining community contributes to educating line that will result in a comprehensive, yet directed, approach to the public on mining opportunities, practices, and challenges. The planning for the post-mining sustainable uses of the mine site. traits of the local miners coupled with the legacy they have estab- This process resulted in a formal study and report being conducted lished of partnership, cooperation, and teamwork set the stage well by an outside engineering firm, which analyzed the available assets at for future area economic development and prosperity. the GSM, and the potential for future re-utilization. The results indi- cated strong support for development of a well-planned Industrial/Business Park and a wind energy facility at the site. The Business Park Project planning and development process has been ongoing for several years. A major factor that influenced the pursuit of this project was the availability of a tract of GSM-owned land along a main frontage road with excellent interstate access. The lease to assign this land to the Jefferson Local Development Corporation was signed on January 31, 2007. The mine site is a world-class wind resource, and when coupled with existing infrastructure of high capacity transmission lines, a 70- megawatt substation, and an excellent road system, it makes the feasibility of developing a commercial wind energy farm attractive. GSM has worked collaboratively with CTAC to further the wind park project on various activities.

38 Montana Mining 2007 Reclamation on Tailings Impoundment No.1.

Below: mule deer on reclaimed slope. PHOTO BY JENA POLK

At left: turkey introduction program on GSM-owned property.

Barrick wants the legacy of the Golden Sunlight Mine to be one of environmental stewardship and community awareness. Throughout the life of the mine, projects aimed to improve wildlife habitat and recreational opportunities in the Jefferson Valley have been ongoing. For further information, please contact: So such is a story of a successful relationship between a modern min- Sam Graham, Human Resources Superintendent ing operation and a progressive community. The Golden Sunlight Barrick Golden Sunlight Mine Mine sustainability program is an outstanding working model of cor- 453 MT Hwy #2 East, Whitehall, Montana 59759 porate citizenship and sustainability planning. The GSM sustainabili- Telephone: 406-287-2015 ty programs are an excellent example of how to develop relationships ■ and instill a culture that will last long after mine closure.

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Montana Mining Association www.montanamining.org 39 THE STILLWATER GOOD NEIGHBOR AGREEMENT: A new business model of cooperation for natural resource industries

By Lisa Fattori

Stillwater Mine overview.

hile the concept of a Good Neighbor Agreement isn’t new, it is an Even rarer is the success of such an agreement, seven years after its Wanomaly within the natural resource industry. A tradition of con- implementation. The first of its kind, the Good Neighbor Agreement flict and distrust between natural resource companies and local envi- between Stillwater Mining Company (SMC) and the Northern Plains ronmental groups is an ingrained culture that has perpetuated an “us Resources Council (NPRC) and its affiliates is a testament to the positive impact of cooperation. The legally binding Agreement accommo- vs. them” mindset and a stalemate in achieving common objectives. dates the interests of both the mining company and citizen groups, through forums of discussion, debate and resolution. Among the Agreement’s provisions, independent consultants can inspect SMC mines, collect samples and interview employees. NPRC and its affiliates, in turn, gave up its right to litigate against the mine. Two committees, with equal representation from both sides, review plan implementation requirements, waste reduction measures and new technologies and responsible mining practices. If the committees are in deadlock, the issue goes to binding arbitration. The practical implementation and ensuing benefits of the Good Neighbor Agreement have fully convinced Bruce Gilbert, SMC’s Director of Environmental and Governmental Affairs, that the Agreement fosters positive goal-setting for all interested parties. “At first, I was very skeptical about the Agreement, but now know that this is the way to do business,” he says. “Trying to settle disputes in court is a culture of conflict that doesn’t work for either side. The Good Neighbor Agreement forces everyone to sit at the table and identify common ground, as a starting point in resolving an issue.” Negotiating a fair and equitable Agreement was challenging for both sides and took more than a year to finalize. Fifth generation ranchers have been environmental watchdogs of the Stillwater and Boulder Rivers for almost three decades and, as members of the Stillwater Protective Association and the Cottonwood Resource Council, promote environmental responsibility. With the Stillwater Mine operating near Nye, Montana and the East Boulder Mine in development near Big Timber, Montana, the socio-economic, as well as the potential environmental impact, became a cause for concern among citizen groups.

40 Montana Mining 2007 East Boulder Mine overview.

“We were primarily interested in water rights and quality, which are Agreement was a risk worth pursuing. “One of the hurdles that both so important in a ranching community,” says Paul Hawks, past Chair sides had to overcome was the concept that this Agreement was legal- of NPRC and a representative of the Good Neighbor Agreement’s ly binding,” Gilbert says. “Ironically, these legal obligations are what Eastern Boulder Oversight Committee. “Also, this is a small communi- make the relationship so successful. No one can throw up his hands ty, and the huge influx of people affected the local infrastructure and and threaten legal action on the way out the door. Instead, we’re created traffic congestion.” bound by the Agreement to work together towards a resolution.” With each side pumping money into a legal system that promised Hawks concurs that the Agreement, in practice, has ushered in a no timely results or a favorable outcome, the Good Neighbor culture of respect and trust. “Over time, you get to know one another

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Montana Mining Association www.montanamining.org 41 Good Neighbor Agreement sampling. Rams on Stillwater Mine property as individuals, and this establishes trust,” he says. “You also get to see to degrade the environment in the process,” Gilbert says. “Stillwater the other side’s position and discover that you share common inter- Mining Company has always been environmentally responsible, which ests. A strong working relationship means that you can be up-front makes the Good Neighbor Agreement the ideal alliance. The and get down to business on the issue at hand.” Agreement is in the spirit of operating responsibly to protect the envi- SMC’s corporate culture of environmental responsibility, even prior ronment for future generations.” to the Good Neighbor Agreement, is conducive to the Agreement’s suc- Several of SMC’s green initiatives include a biological treatment sys- cess. As North America’s largest producer of palladium, used in cat- tem to reduce nitrogen in the mine water. Nitrogen levels in the treat- alytic converters, SMC is intrinsically committed to minimize its envi- ed water are close to zero, as opposed to an allowable 10 ppm limit, ronmental footprint. A long tradition of community involvement, phi- required by drinking water standards. In addition, at SMC’s smelter, lanthropy and best practices that exceed industry regulations honed the company has removed sulphur dioxide by 99.8 per cent. The sul- SMC’s willingness to partner with citizen groups, and to innovate new phur dioxide is scrubbed to produce gypsum (calcium sulfate), a by- processes that ensure environmental sustainability. product that is sold as a soil amendment for sodium impacted soils. “As producers of pollution-control metals, it would be disingenuous “We’ve demonstrated that we’re willing to put our money where

42 Montana Mining 2007 our mouth is, and that our environmental commitment is not just a façade,” Gilbert says. “We’ve spent millions to implement the best possible programs, including a Land Application Center Pivot system that removes any residual nitrogen after treatment by agronomic uptake. This system also improves ranch land forage that supports wildlife and cattle grazing on a company- owned ranch, and furthers the treatment of mine water so that nitrogen concentrations in groundwater are non-detectable. “ In 2005, SMC and NPRC re-negotiated the Good Neighbor Agreement, to trim irrelevan- cies within the document, and to focus on issues that became more apparent after five East Boulder Mine – Water Treatment Plant. years of practice. SMC agreed to continue went down and employees appreciated not that marries economic prosperity with envi- busing employees to and from the mine, having to drive at the end of their shifts.” ronmental responsibility. which improves road safety through reduced Today, out of 1,700 employees, company “With this Agreement, we’re not debating congestion, and minimizes vehicular pollu- wide, approximately half are area residents philosophical truths and going nowhere,” tion. that enjoy economic opportunity because of Gilbert says. “We’re looking at where the rub- “There were over 1,000 miners and sup- employment at Stillwater Mining Company. ber hits the road in our own community, and port staff going to the mines every day, Equally important are the pristine natural which created a lot of traffic on our rural, surroundings and the continued health of are addressing local issues and concerns. winding roads,” Hawk says. “After five years the county’s waterways. The Good Neighbor When everyone shares the same values and of busing employees, the mine could see Agreement does not compromise either; goals, it’s not about compromise; it’s about that it was money well spent. Absenteeism rather, it creates one side - a common side creating a win-win scenario.” ■

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Montana Mining Association www.montanamining.org 43 HISTORICAL History of Gough, Shanahan, Johnson & Waterman mirrors the history of Montana

By Margaret Anne Fehr

ontana’s present face to the world prizes that attracted a flood of fortune seek- Shanahan, Johnson and Waterman, then Mrests on its “Big Sky” slogan denoting ers looking to stake their claims in this part known as Toole and Toole, was an active its overhead grandeur and abundance of of the north western United States, and that entity in those heady days prior to Montana’s natural assets, but it was the resources sudden influx of people was to irrevocably statehood, and has continued its deep con- buried underfoot that precipitated the terri- alter the course of Montana’s history. nectedness within the state’s historical fabric tory’s tumultuous rush to statehood in 1889. The pursuit of gold, silver, and later, cop- ever since. The importance of mining resources was per, gave rise to the need for a means to set- Toole and Toole, founded by brothers underscored by Montana’s flag and state tle the inevitable clashes of disputed owner- Edwin and Joseph, first hung out its shingle motto, “oro y plata”, Spanish for ‘gold and sil- ship among the claim seekers, in a part of in 1879 in Helena, Montana, at a time when ver’; hence the state’s being referred to, in the northwest that was still deemed territori- the mining business generated an assort- ment of legal disputes in terms in resolving those formative years, as the “Treasure al within the existing United States. disagreements, claims, and contracts State.” Precious metals were the glittering The present day law firm of Gough, between suppliers, miners and other stakeholders. Present day attorney with Gough, Shanahan, Johnson and Waterman, Alan Joscelyn says, “We presume that the business that brought lawyers to Helena was a direct result of the discovery of gold.” Gold was the initial lure back then, but a variety of other ores in abundant quantities sealed the territory’s future as a provider of 33 S.Last Chance Gulch metals including silver, copper, and plat- P.O. Box 1715 Helena, Montana 59624-1715 inum. Tel. 406 442-8560 Says Mr. Joscelyn, “All kinds of resource Fax 406 442-8783 issues faced by cattlemen, ranchers, and email: [email protected] business people emerged, followed quickly website: www.gsjw.com by the railroads. The railroads turned into one of the biggest clients of the firm over time. Basically, the law firm has evolved to Serving Montana’s Natural Resource Industries address whatever the legal needs are of the community.” Since 1879 The early days of Toole and Toole revolved around issues having to do with the pioneer gold camp that existed at that time, but it evolved rapidly to encompass everything that was going on in the territory and Montana’s eventual emergence to early day statehood. Back then, the firm reflected the partnership between brothers, Edwin Warren Toole and Joseph Kemp Toole. The dynamism of the territorial days drew Joseph into politics, where among numerous other appoint- ments, he served two terms as delegate to the 49th and 50th Congress of the United States. In so doing, he championed the cause for Montana statehood that was realized

44 Montana Mining 2007 through the Enabling Act of 1889, which gave birth to the official State of Montana. Joseph Toole’s place in Montana history was sealed when he was elected the new state’s first governor in the same year. As Montana grew, so, too, did the fortunes of Toole and Toole, and by 1884 the firm became Toole, Toole & Wallace. William Wallace Jr., considered to be another firm founder, contributed to the firm’s continuing growth and also went on to become First Assistant Attorney General of the United States in 1913. The rise of the ‘copper kings’ era in Montana represented another chapter in the firm’s history from the latter part of the 1800s to the early decades of the 20th century. “This era,” says Mr. Joscelyn, “certainly dominated the business landscape in the state for a long time and the law firm was directly involved with legal disputes that were generated by competition among the copper kings in Butte.” As the 20th century progressed, management issues pertaining to Montana’s rich and varied resource base became the subject of the resource conflicts of the 1990s, and were to act as a bellwether for the developing concern and attention that the nation shares for the wise stewardship of the environment, in general. Over the course of its professional history, the original Toole and Toole founded in 1879 has undergone sixteen name changes to reflect the individuals who have practiced law in its corridors over the years. In 1978, the present name of Gough, Shanahan, Johnson and Waterman was initiated. Today, the firm is made up of 22 attorneys who specialize in diversified areas of the law including natural resources affecting energy law, timber and mining law that deal with base, precious metals, and industrial minerals. In a state that is so endowed with a richness of resources, the firm has reflected that diversity with a practice that also includes administrative, environmental, insurance and employment and general practice capabilities. Specialty areas like banking, intellec- tual property, international business and school law are other areas of legal expertise that the firm offers, which are in step with the increasing complexity of evolving contempo- rary issues. Montana’s richness of resources, both above and below ground, continue to uphold its original name as the ‘Treasure State’ and one that Gough, Shanahan, Johnson & Waterman will continue to represent and protect. ■

Montana Mining Association www.montanamining.org 45 MINES MANAGEMENT Mines Management advances the Montanore Project to next phase

In May, the Company acquired early per- undergo dewatering and rehabilitation, and mits from the previous operator that allows the adit will be advanced approximately 3,000 the company to conduct an underground feet towards the middle zone of the deposit. drill program designed to provide data to An additional 10,000 feet of development support the project’s final detailed engineer- drifting will be necessary to provide drill ing and design, and a bankable feasibility access. Once the drifting is underway, we study. expect to undertake delineation diamond core To fund this project, the Company com- drilling of approximately 50 holes totaling pleted a $30 million equity financing in April, approximately 45,000 feet. The objectives of 2007. With the financing complete, heavy our underground evaluation program are to: equipment to support the project is expected • Expand the known higher grade intercepts for delivery on site starting in June. of the Montanore deposit; • Develop additional information about the Advanced Exploration and deposit; Delineation Drilling Program • Further assess and define the mineralized In 2006, Mines Management, Inc. acquired zone; and the property providing access to the 14,000 • Provide additional geotechnical, hydrologi- foot Libby adit from the previous operator. cal and other data. With additional development, the Libby adit will provide access to the Montanore deposit. Stage 1 – Dewatering and he Montanore Project is an advanced Additionally, two permits acquired related to Adit Rehabilitation Texploration stage project located in the Libby adit that, with the approval of With the exception of the first 600 feet, the northwestern Montana in Lincoln County, minor revisions, allow us to reopen, dewater length of the Libby adit contains water. near the town of Libby. The Company has and rehabilitate the adit, and to conduct an During the first stage of the advanced explo- commenced the process of re-permitting the advanced exploration and delineation ration and delineation drilling program, we Project, and plans to commence an advanced drilling program. plan to dewater the adit, and treat the dis- exploration and delineation drilling program In 2007, the Company plans to commence charged water using ultra-filtration and possi- in 2007, which would assist us in determining the underground drill program, which is ex- bly chemical pre-treatment so that dis- its feasibility for development. pected to take up to 24 months. The adit will charged water, both during the dewatering

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46 Montana Mining 2007 process as well as during development of the adit and drilling program, meets Montana’s water quality standards. We completed the pilot scale tests of the water treatment method in February 2007. We estimate that we will spend approximately $7.3 million of the net proceeds of this offering on Stage 1 activities. As dewatering takes place, we plan to rehabilitate the adit, which we anticipate to involve, among other activities, scaling the walls, installing new roof bolts and extending electricity, ventilation and dewatering infrastructure into the adit.

Stage 2 – Advancement of Adit, Drifting and Establishment of Drill Stations Once rehabilitation is complete, expected by the third quarter of 2007, we plan to advance the adit approximately 3,000 feet towards the middle of the deposit. Following the advancement of the adit, we expect to commence 10,000 feet of development drifting, which will be necessary to provide drill access. Once drifting is underway, we will also begin to estab- lish drill stations. The process of drifting and the establishment of drill stations will continue throughout the remainder of the program. We anticipate spending $7.5 million of the net proceeds of this offering on Stage 2 activities.

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Montana Mining Association www.montanamining.org 47 MINES MANAGEMENT Stage 3 – Phase I Delineation Drilling In Stage 3 of the advanced exploration and delineation drilling program, we expect to commence approximately 20,000 feet of delineation diamond core drilling. We estimate that we will spend approximately $0.5 million of the proceeds of this financing on Stage 3 activities and expect to complete Stage 3 in late 2008. During the first three stages of the program, we anticipate spending approximately $12.7 million of the net proceeds of this offering on site operational costs, capital equipment, project contingencies, optimization studies and corporate support.

Stage 4 – Phase II Drilling and Bankable Feasibility Study We expect to require additional financing of approximately $10.0 million to complete Montanore Project Advancement ward to the possibility of a long term collab- Stage 4 of the advanced exploration and de- As the project advances, local jobs will be oration as the project advances toward lineation drilling program and for additional created to complete certain tasks. During the development. site capital and operating costs. During this drilling phase, the company anticipates hir- stage we anticipate completing an additional ing up to 20-30 workers, which, if the project SOURCE: Information for this article was 25,000 feet of diamond core drilling, under- is successfully developed, could create an taken from Mines Management’s public taking additional metallurgical and geotechnical testing and analysis and, if the results of additional approximately 300 more posi- filings with the Securities and Exchange our exploration are successful, preparing for tions. The company has appreciated the sup- Commission, including a prospectus filed as and completing a bankable feasibility study. port of the local community, and looks for- part of a public offering of securities. ■

48 Montana Mining 2007 BOARD OF DIRECTORS Montana Mining Association Board of Directors 2007

Mike Mullaney, President...... O (406) 285-4970 Bruce Gilbert, Director ...... O (406) 322-8700 Holcim (US) Inc. Stillwater Mining Company 4070 Trident Road, Three Forks, Montana 59752 536 East Pike Avenue [email protected] P.O. Box 1330, Columbus, MT 59019 [email protected] Doug Miller, Vice President ...... O (406) 295-5882 x 222 Troy Mine – Revett Genesis P.O. Box 1660, Troy, MT 59935 Jim Liebetrau, Director ...... C (425) 210-3653 [email protected] AFFCO...... O (406) 563-8494 x 11 1015 East Sixth Street, Anaconda, MT 59711 Mark Redfern, 1st Vice President...... C (406) 671-4105 [email protected] Brenntag Pacific 123 West Boulevard, Lewistown, Montana 59457 Robin McCulloch, Director ...... O (406) 496-4171 [email protected] Montana Tech W. 1300 Park Street, Butte, MT 59701 John Junnila, 2nd Vice President...... O (406) 373-6010 [email protected] Westate Machinery Company P.O. Box 50370, Billings, MT 59105 [email protected] Gene Nelson, Director...... O (406) 549-8856 Yellow Band Gold Inc. Tim Smith, Past President...... O (406) 495-2803 3926 Bellecrest Drive, Missoula, MT. 59801 Montana Tunnels Mining Inc. [email protected] P.O. Box 176, Jefferson City, MT 59638 [email protected] Roger W. Rohr, Director ...... C (406) 698-1563 Tractor and Equipment Co. Matt Wolfe, Secretary / Treasurer ...... O (406) 322-8700 Major Accounts Manager Stillwater Mining Company 536 East Pike Avenue [email protected] P.O. Box 1330, Columbus, MT 59019 [email protected] Scott Sturm, Director ...... O (406) 683-3326 Barretts Minerals Elton Chorney, Director ...... O (406) 266-5221 8625 Highway 91 South, Dillon, MT 59725 Graymont Western U.S. Inc. [email protected] P.O. Box 550, Townsend, MT 59644 [email protected] Jim Volberding, Director ...... O (406) 538-2501 Canyon Resources Corporation Mark Cole, Director...... O (406) 434-5583 Dick Irvin Inc. P.O. Box 79, Hilger, MT 59451 P.O. Box 950, Shelby, MT 59474 [email protected] [email protected] Debbie Shea, Executive Director...... O (406) 495-1444 Tim Dimock, Director ...... O (406) 287-2046 Montana Mining Association Barrick - Golden Sunlight Mine 1820 North Last Chance Gulch 453 MT Highway 2 East, Whitehall, MT 59759 P.O. Box 5567, Helena, MT 59604 [email protected] [email protected] John Fitzpatrick, Director...... O (406) 442-5032 Debra Pitassy, Executive Assistant ...... O (406) 495-1444 Fess Foster, Director...... O (406) 287-3261 Montana Mining Association Geological & Environmental Consultant 1820 North Last Chance Gulch 21 Paul Gulch Road, Whitehall, MT 59759 P.O. Box 5567, Helena, MT 59604 [email protected] [email protected] www.montanamining.org

Montana Mining Association www.montanamining.org 49 GEOMETRICS 3D SEISMIC SYSTEM Geometrics introduces economical, easy-to-use 3D Seismic System for coal, oil, gas & geologic exploration

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Contact Geometrics at (408) 954-0522 or at [email protected]. ■

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www.geometrics.com 1-408-954-0522 ARCADIS Putting innovation into practice

ARCADIS is the U.S.-based operations arm of ARCADIS NV (Arnhem, The Netherlands), a 12,500-person multi-national company. We offer our clients access to the resources and problem-solving capabilities of a truly global organization. In the United States and Canada, ARCADIS employs over 3,500 people and operates over 147 offices strategically located throughout the country to best serve our clients. Mining and metals is one of the core industry sectors served by ARCADIS. By specializing in mining and metals, we offer clients a focused understanding of the economic and regulatory factors that drive the industry, and unique environmental and business solutions for reclamation. Beginning with exploration and permitting activities, through mine devel-

opment and operation, and ending with closure, ARCADIS offers unique services tailored to the mining industry. Mine Life Cycle concerns are more important than ever with today’s emphasis on sustainability issues. ARCADIS’ approach to environmental issues at mine sites is designed to facilitate future use, and to maximize land sale and redevelopment opportunities. Our mining staff, partnered with our renowned land development department, provides our clients with unparalleled reuse options. Economic cycles of volatile costs and commodity prices are char- acteristic of the mining and metals industry. Our breadth of expertise assures that our client’s needs will be met regardless of the economic environment. We are equally prepared to address permitting and expansion issues during growth markets, as well as closure and optimization issues during the down times. Our services include: The Opti-leach Program: a business solution coupled with cutting edge technology to enhance metal extraction from heap leach facilities. Risk Assessment: an accurate and thorough assessment of both human health and ecological risk, allowing determination of site appropriate regulatory levels and providing for practical yet effective remedial options. Accelerated Environmental Permitting: leading the industry in an efficient and practical approach to NEPA and mine development/permitting.

52 Montana Mining 2007 NRDA Assessments: experienced in both actually prevents the ARD process from small, quick-settling cases and some of the occurring. By creating reducing conditions largest, most important NRDA cases in the within the waste rock or underground United States. mine, the driving forces creating ARD are Innovative Remediation Technologies: removed and the mobility of hazardous technologies designed to treat the cause of metals is reduced. Utilizing this ARD pre- environmental issues, not just the symp- vention technology avoids the perpetual the life cycle of planned and operating sites, toms. treatment costs typically associated with using our “design for closure” approach. Selected ARCADIS’ advantages include: large waste dumps and underground mine • MINE PIT LAKE TREATMENT_ARCADIS has workings in sulfide ore bodies. This With ARCADIS on your team, mine opera- successfully applied in-situ technology to approach can be applied at historic proper- tors can focus on the business of mining. treat a 27 million gallon pit lake with ele- ties, during closure, and especially early in ARCADIS... Imagine the Result. ■ vated metals in a matter of months. • ACID ROCK DRAINAGE PREVENTION – ARCADIS has successfully applied acid mine/acid rock prevention technology to effectively prevent future acid rock drainage to surface and groundwater sources. • IN-SITU REACTIVE WALL AND REACTIVE ZONES – ARCADIS has successfully applied the specialized expertise of our interna- tionally recognized experts who pio- neered the use of reactive wall and reactive zone technologies to remediate groundwater at over 130 sites. • IN-SITU BIOREMEDIATION AND INTRINSIC BIOATTENUATION – ARCADIS is a leader in enhancing the naturally occurring in-situ biogeochemical processes, having treated impacted water in over 110 intrinsic bioattenuation projects. ARCADIS’ approach has application in pit lakes, smelter ponds, and flooded mines and underground workings where the water quality would otherwise require pumping and treating the water ex-situ. In-situ treatment also can be used to avoid backfilling pits with waste and overburden materials, reducing the cost of closure by reducing the volume of earth materials moved at closure. A variation of this approach has also been used to reduce groundwater impacts and management costs from backfilled pits. Our approach to acid rock drainage (ARD) avoids the typical approach of effluent-collection and treatment that drives the per- ception of perpetually-required operations and maintenance (O&M). This approach

Montana Mining Association www.montanamining.org 53 index to advertisers MONTANA MINING 2007 A.L. Lee Corporation 31, 39 F&H Mine Supply, Inc. 47 Okeefe Drilling Company 44 American Mine Research, Inc. 12 Fickler Oil Company, Inc. 17 P&H Minepro Services 3 Arcadis US Inc. 53 Geometrics Inc. 51 Pipeline Systems Incorporated 29 Atlas Copco CMT USA LLC 22 Golden Sunlight 37 Power Service of Montana, Inc. 9 Billings Clinic 10 Gough, Shanahan, Johnson & Waterman 44 Rahnmet 45 Bison Engineering, Inc. 24 Granite Seed 41 Revett Minerals 19 Blue Cross Blue Shield of Montana 38 Graymont Western US, Inc. 43 Richwood 26 Brenntag Pacific, Inc. 36 H&E Equipment Services 42 Ruen Drilling Incorporated 45 Bucyrus International, Inc. IBC Hardsteel Inc. 15 Stillwater Mining Company 40 Chemical Montana Company 34 Holland & Hart, LLP 27 Stone Raven Resources LLC 14 Chevron / Fickler Oil Company Inc. 8 Hoss Equipment Company 5 Techline Services 46 Cross Petroleum Service 16 Industrial Equipment Manufacturing Ltd. 25 Terex Mining 7 Damascus Corporation 20 ITT Flygt 4 The O.T. Mining Corporation 35 Delhur Industries, Inc. 14 KLS Hydraulics Machine Works 28 Tractor & Equipment Co. 21 Dick Irvin, Inc. Transportation 9 Midway Gold Corporation 28 Tri-State Truck & Equipment 41 Dyno Nobel 32 Mines Management, Inc. OBC Westate Machinery Company 9 Dywidag-Systems International 48 Montana Seals And Packing CAD, Inc. 11 Westate Machinery / Columbia Steel 29 Energy Laboratories 11 Moore Oil, Inc. 36 Western Wyoming Community College 24 ES&S Company 47 Nelson Brothers Mining Services, LLC 10 Wholesale Mine Supply, LLP IFC Ezzie’s Wholesale, Inc. 17 Northwest Pipe Fittings, Inc. 16 WWC Engineering 13

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