Neamt County Tourist Area Zoning
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Lucrări Ştiinţifice – vol. 55/2012, seria Agronomie NEAMT COUNTY TOURIST AREA ZONING Lucian TANASĂ1 e-mail: [email protected] Abstract The tourist area organization refers to the split of the large territory in relatively homogenous areas from the perspective of the tourist potential and activities, by inventorying and analyzing all the components of the tourist potential: natural potential, anthropic potential, accommodation infrastructure and technical infrastructure. The assessment of the natural potential refers to the analyses of the natural environment, of the existing protected areas, and also of the therapy factors. The anthropic potential can be analyzed by identifying the historic monuments of national interest, the public museums and collections, arts and folk traditions, and also the shows and concerts institutions. The assessment of the accommodation infrastructure takes into account the analyses of the tourist units, the treatment and recreation structures, of the infrastructure necessary for organizing conferences, and also of the sky path and of the cable-transport installations, of the public transport and telecommunication infrastructure. In this study the author presents the tourist organization of the Neamt County by developing and up-dating the study carried out at national level by The Tourist Department during 2005 – 2007. The finality of the current study represents the drawing out of Neamt County’ maps, on communes, which to highlight their evaluation from a natural and anthropic perspective, and also by taking into account their accommodation and technical infrastructure. According to their inventory, there have been identified the tourist area of Neamt County (Ceahlău – Bicaz, Piatra – Neamţ, Târgu – Neamţ, Cheile Bicazului – Hăşmaş), and also the new tourist sub-zones (Lacul Izvorul Muntelui, Valea Tarcăului, Valea Muntelui şi Roman). Key words: tourist area, natural potential, anthropic potential, accommodation, infrastructure The delimitation of the tourist areas and sub- areas proves to be a very benefic work instrument MATERIAL AND METHOD for creating a mid-time tourist development strategy for Neamţ County. The tourist zoning The base for this zoning process are the refers to the division of a large area into smaller methodology and the tourist development criteria areas relatively homogeneous from the point of used for evaluation in Romanian by the Ministry for Small and Medium Size Enterprises, Commerce, view of the tourist potential and of tourist Tourism and Liberal Professions (Romanian activities. This process is carried on by Abbreviation - MIMMCTPL) in 2007. inventorying and analyzing all the elements of the For the tourist zoning of Neamţ County, the tourist potential: natural potential, anthropic evaluation criteria have been adjusted and the potential, accommodation infrastructure and the information up dated at the level of 2011 (excepting technical infrastructure. the technical infrastructure for which the information In the specialty literature regarding the is not up-dated). For the evaluation and the ranking of the tourist zoning of Neamţ County, there are being administrative and territorial units (communes) it has mentioned only the well-known tourist areas been chosen the method of the analysis trees (Ceahlău – Bicaz, Târgu – Neamţ, Cheile according to criteria and sub-criteria, having as Bicazului – Hăşmaş, Piatra – Neamţ), without starting points the components of the county’s tourist being highlighted the tourist sub-zones generally attributes. The appreciation level has been assigned developed after 2000 and whose accommodation through a share from a total of 100 points as it follows: natural potential – 25 points, anthropic and technical infrastructure is currently being potential - 25 points, tourist specific infrastructure – developed (Izvorul Muntelui Lake, Valea 20 points, technical infrastructure– 30 points. Tarcăului, Valea Muntelui and Roman). The 25 points offered to the natural potential have also been distributed to the natural environment (position on relief levels – maximum 4 points, geomorphology - maximum 1 point, vegetation: maximum 1 point, fauna – maximum 1 point, hydrographic elements – maximum 1 point and 1 „Gh. Zane” Institute for Economic and Social Researches, Romanian Academy, Iasi Branch 191 Universitatea de Ştiinţe Agricole şi Medicină Veterinară Iaşi landscape – maximum 2 points), protected areas RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS (Natura 2000 SCI/SPA Network, Bird Life International Network and so on – maximum 5 points) The assessment of the natural potential and the natural and therapeutic factors – tourist For the analysis of the county’s natural resorts from the category I-IV – maximum 10 points potential, if we take into account the natural (4, 2008). The points for the anthropic potential were environment of the communes, then, the presence assigned as it follows: historic monuments of national of the two national parks – The National Park interest (archeology, architecture, public and Cheile Bicazului – Hăşmaş and Ceahlău National memorial monuments) – maximum 8 points, Park and Vânători-Neamţ Natural Park (2, 2007), contemporary architecture, museums and public of the 12 sites of communitarian interest (5, 2007) collections – maximum 9 points, folk art and customs and birds and fauna protected areas within Natura (festivals, markets, folk handcrafts and traditions) – maximum 4 points, and also shows and concerts 2000 Network (6, 2007) and BirdLife International institutions (folk groups, orchestras, and so on) – (8, 2011), and also numerous reservations and maximum 4 points. The up-dating of the information natural monuments of local interest (Tanasă L., regarding the anthropic potential of the county was 2010), to which there is added information made according to the Annex to the Ord. no. regarding the assessment of the therapy natural 2.361/2010 for the approval of the Annex no. 1 to factors existing in the county (2 tourist resorts of Ord. 2.314/2004 regarding the approval of the up- local interest – Durău and Bălţăteşti, ranked at the dated list of historic monuments, and of the list of rd disappeared historic monuments (3, 2010). It was 3 category, respectively 2 localities with also used The Museums Guide in digital format as recognized natural factors – Oglinzi and Neguleşti, conceived by Institutul de Memorie Culturală (The ranked at the 4th category ), we obtain Figure 1, Cultural Memory Institute) (7, 2011), up-dated with which offers us a relevant image on the natural the information found on the official sites of the local potential on communes within Neamţ County (fig. councils (internet). 1). In the assessment of the natural resources on To the specific tourist infrastructure was offered 20 points, being taken into account 5 communes, the minimum score is assigned to components: type of accommodation units – Oniceni commune (3 points), and the maximum maximum 10 points, treatment structures – maximum one to Ceahlău commune (18 points). 2 points, sky path and on-cable transport installations – 2 points, recreation installations – 2 points, infrastructure for conference, meetings and exhibitions – 4 points. Concerning the accommodation infrastructure, there have been taken into account only those units certified by The National Authority for Tourism (the Romanian Abbreviation - ANT), the data being up-dated in 2011 by means of both the list of the classified tourist accommodation set up by The Ministry of Regional Development and Tourism (11, 2011), and the specialized sites (internet). Also, there have been considered only the treatment structures approved by The Health Ministry and the sky path and the on-cable transport installations homologated by ANT, respectively by The State Inspection for the Control of the Tanks, Figure 1 The evaluation of Neamţ County Under-Pressure Recipients and Lifting Installations natural potential (the Romanian Abbreviation - ISCIR). For the assessment of the technical Also, the communes that obtained more than infrastructure, there have been considered three 14 points out 25 worth being taken into account: components: access and transport infrastructure (maximum 16 points), town infrastructure – the supply Ceahlău, Bicaz, Agapia, Bălţăteşti, Bicaz-Chei, with common household public services (maximum 9 Bicazu Ardelean, Crăcăoani, Dămuc, Gârcina, points) and telecommunication infrastructure – Pipirig, Tarcău and Taşca. For these communes the electronic communication services (maximum 5 main strong points are the special natural points). environment, the landscape and the existence of The primary data base was processed in Excel the protected areas. A good score, between 11 – files, and there has been drawn the county map on communes for simplifying the analyze of the results. 14 points, is obtained by the communes situated in The points accumulated by each commune were the mountain and sub-Carpathian areas, but on shared on different intervals, each of them being their territory do not exist either recognized drawn with a different intensity. protected areas (Alexandru cel Bun, Borca, Pângăraţi, Piatra Şoimului and Poiana Teiului), or the hydrographic and the hunting potential are more reduced (Târgu-Neamţ, Brusturi, Răuceşti). 192 Lucrări Stiinţifice – vol. 55/2011, seria Agronomie An average score, between 7 – 10 points, is Agapia, Ceahlău, Roman, Târgu-Neamţ and obtained by the other communes located in the Tazlău). mountain area (Farcaşa, Grinţieş and Hangu), and The communes with a satisfying