Holidays, Church Days, Cycles, etc ::. 4 First Quarter Calendar , ; ;.. f) Heads of Principal Nations of the\Vorld..; : ;.:.. . f; :::5econd Quarter Calendar , ; ; : 7 Inter-Island Distances-':'-hysea ,;~, :..... 8 Third Quarter' Calendar: , ,.. 9 Census of the Islands, 1878 : ".. 10 Fourth Quarter Calendar :: ; , . 11 'l'able of elevations of Principal Localities : :...... 12 . f • Compamtive 'rable of Comnwrce of Haw'n Islands from 1844... '13 '. Comparative 'l'able of Exports 1862-81 ; Internal 'l'axes 1862-80:14 Selection of Custom Heuse 'l'ables ; 15-16-18 Comparative 'l'able of Imports 1872-.4-(H3 and 80; Quick Stmr. Passages ~ . Comparative ;rable Domestic Exports for First,Second and '1'hird Quarters, 1880 with 1881 ; , , .. ,...... 19 Table of Domestic Exports for 1880; Sugar Crops of the \Vorld ~ 20' Public Debt ; National Debts and Expenditures 21 O,"'erlal1d Distances, Hawaiian 181ands ~ ...... •...... ~. 22 . Distances on Hawaii...... "23 Post Office Statistics; Comparative 'rable of Rain~fall...... 24 Indigenous Ornamental Plants ; ;...... 25- 27 Bits of Unwritten History...... 28--30 .Marine Casualties for the Hawaiian Islands, 1620-1861 ..:... 31-35 Legend of Kapeepeek~uila...... 36-41 Artesian \Vells ; :. 41-46 Regulations for Carriages and rates of fare... 47-48 Articles admitted into the U. S. free 6f duty by Treaty...... 48 Hawaiian Ideas of Astronomy...... 49-50 " Comparaj:ive Table Receipts and Expenditures H. r., 187~820j • HaW!li.ian Proverbs.. . 51 ,'. Value o! Forei.gn Coins; ~urf Bathing ;.. 52 ~i.ble of Foreign Coms current m Honolulu...... 53 List'of Free Imports from the U. S. by'l'reaty, · 54 .~ ~~~ .~~~~a~~g~~~;;~u~~~"~~~m.G~~.~~~.~:;~ht ..S~~~~y;...... 55 Passages to and from the Coast ~ 56 The Lava Flow of 1881...... 57 Hawaiian Entomology :.... 58--61 The cultivated Sugar Canes of the Hawaiian Islands...... 61-64 Retrospect of the year 1881. ,.... 64-67 Forthcoming Hawaiian Postal Cards and Stamps. 67 Sugar Plantations and l\Iills...... 68--69 Casualties of Shipping for 1881.. :.... . 70 Hawaiian Islands Postal Service for 1881...... 71 Royal Order of I{alakaua ;. 72 Royal Order of Kamehameha :...... 73 Postal Table and Countries of the Postal UniOl!!l!~.. 74-76 Rain-fall for \Vaimanalo and Hilo, 188L.. 76 Register and Directory for 1~82 ~...... 77-83 . (..--. " . I. \ 'I.... / .,.' i27Fort St., Honolulu.
C. J. HARDEE, AND H. F. BERTELl\IANNJ CONTRACTORS AND BUILDEl{S.
Planing, Shaping, Turning, Band and Scroll Sawing, Doors, Sash, Blinds, . Door and Window Frames, Bracketts, Ballusters,.Stairs, etc., Made to Order. Mouldings and Finishing Ornaments Always on Hand. ~ All orders filled 011 short notice, and Jobbing promptly attended to. 6" l\Iouldlngs made to any pattern without extra charge for knives. Price of ~Iachine Work, $1.00 to $1.50 per liOnr. "'M. DICKSON, No. 6:1 Fort Street; Honolulu, Ha-waiian Islands, .. PHOTOGRAPk-IEI1.
AVaried and Vauable Collection of Photographic '"?""i.e~s an.d :I?o:rt:rai.ts. -'ALBO- A' FULL STOCK OF SHELLS; CORALS, FERNS, SEA' MOSSES, JE!)~H~~~{:!~t> Wtll~ Jrmpl~m~~t~t> n.~~ Qth~~ ~l1l~IilQ~iltr@~~ t-- ;J. -M~' OAl'. &~Co., .. SAIL JH:AKERS, ._ _,t~.:it .:~':._"« or ~'~~}(~.~-;. f~i ~-~~:' .:')'; ,'; :):~i SAILS, HAMMOCKS, TENTS, ;tND TRUNK COVERS MADE TO ORDER, FLAGS.MADE AND REPAI1?ED, CARPETS CVT AND MADE TO ORDER. Makee (fire-proof) Block,QUEENSTREET, H()NOLULU. H. L ------BR6GLIE~SPE)iR&CO., ----- MAwriFicTUnING JEW:~LERS,
• J ,~~ • I i \ '. : ~ - j; ~ Diamond Setters, Engravers, . ,~" AND DEALERS IN """ . Fine Watches, Clocks, _Silver Ware, an~ Jewelry of Latest Designs. ~i-~·:-··";"'\ . SHELL AND NUT 'JEWELRr EXECUTED TO ORDER ON SHORT NOTICE.
No. 75 FORT STREET, HO:SOLULU. VOLCANO,. HOUSE, CRATER ON K1LAlTEA, - ".~ HA'VAII. ',. ,I ""'VV. :::a:. LENZ. ~N.A.GEB. L. P. FISHER'S ~D~"'EIR"-rISIN<-;}AGENCY.,
Rooms 20 and 21 Merchants Exchange, SAN FRANCISCO. CAL. e- Advertising Agent for the Hawafiah Almanac and AnimaL A.. ~. JH:ELLIS, IMPORTER An~ ,Dealer in CeneraIM,erchllndise"
NEW GOODS Br Evimr STEAMER. , ...... 10+ FoRT,STREET, HONOLULU. '"BISHOP & 'Co., • " o. • BANKERS,
: CORNER MERCHANT AND KAAHUMA~6'Sors.; Honolulu, H. I.,
:New York. Boston, San Fra,ncisco,·
London, Paris, Hongkong,
Sydney, .Melbourne, Auckland,
-'-'-AND TRANSACT--
A GENERAL BANI-i:ING BUSINESS.
, FASHIONABLE DRESS AND, CLOAK MAKER,
Latest Parisian and American fashion bo~ks and patte~s received by every steamer.
.....c...::..:; ...... _• .: ••. -.o ." ; 104 Fort~treet.,Honolulu. J!@)BNr ;g~. r>~ ~lf 1) 'Notary Public, --AND- COMMISSIONER OF DEEDS For the States of California and New York. OFF1C AT Tm~ D.\NK OF B1SHOP & CO" MERCHAl'\T STREET, ______:El:_C>:N"C>L~L~,:EI:. x. IIYB411 BBOa~t) IMPORTERS OF GENERAL MERCHANDISE
-AND- . Commission Merchants, No. 29 Merchant Street. Honolulu. H. I.
HYMAN BROS.~ 'WHOLESALE GROCERS~ 216 and 218 California Street, San Francisco.
Particular Attention Ch,en to Filling Orders fifiir And to the sale of consignments of Rice, Sugar, Coffee and other Island Produce. THE HAWAIIAN AIJ}IANAC AND ANNUAL, ISSUED EACH YEAR IN TIME
For '1; l::1. e Dec e:D:l. be r J.v.I:ai1s. Price. 50 cents each; by mail. 10 cents extra. fifiirBack numbers to fill sets can be had for a limited time.~ Address THOS. G. THRUM, Publisher, Honolulu.
ThrENCOURAGE~ HOME MANUFACTURE I F. HOR'N, Practical Confectir:ner and Pastry Cook, HOTEL ST., BET. FORT AND NUUANU STS. Havin~addedto his Candy Factory a St~llm Qandi~ Mlln~fa:Q;ttL!?tng App:arattMh With New Moulds and Machines of 'the Newest Designs and'Pattern s, Parents' Guardians of Children, and my Customersgenerally are guarnteed that . all Candies made at Horn's Steam Candy Factory are STRIOTLY PURE! And free from all poisonous substances, such as Terra Alba, or White Earth, and all mercurial colors, as Paris Green, Prussian Blue, Chrome Yellow, and other injurious .substances so exten- sively used in the manufacture of Foreign Candies. . The Gum Drops Are No Imitation J:.oi.ke 'J:'he J:=.po:rte:L, But are made of the finest qmtlity of Gam Arabio. Please tfl.ke partioalar notioe that my pure and whalesome Home-made Candies are sold 25 Per Cent. Cheaper Tl1an The Imported Candies. Consta~tly in reoeipt of LA.TEST NEW YORK AND CHICAGO TOOLS .aND MACHINERY.
Made of the Richest Mixtures and Fhvors. and Ornamented in the highest style of the art. American. French, English, and German Pastries Made to Order. --:0:-- ON EXHIBITION AND FOR SALE AT TEE COMING HOLLIDAYS, The Greatest Assortment of Rioh and Phin Fruit, Pound, Sponge &Jelly Oakes . Ever shown in Honolulu,of the finest quality,Ornamented and Plain, all made of the very best material, .A.ndSold.8..t San :E"'.ranQisoo Prices. --:0:--- G.UAVA JELlY, PRE8ERVED TA·MARIND8. TAMARIND 8YRUP, Constantlvon hand and for Sale. PtONEER fURNITURE' WAREROOMS, c. E. WILLIAMS, • .' PROPRIETOR, HIPORTER, ~IANUFACTURER, UPHOI,STEHEP. AND DEALER IN ALL KINDS OF
UPHOLSTERING MATERIAL AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS.
riano~I Drgan~ &Sewing Machines ~ ~ -ALWAYS ON HAND AND- FOR SALE OR HIRE. New Goods of the Very Latest Styles Reo'd Monthly. Undertakingill all its branches thoroughlyand satisfactorily attended , to. Coffins and Caskets of all descriptions and the Latest Styles of Trimmings, Linings and Burial Robes always on hand. Hearses and Carriages for Funerals at reasonable rates; Orders from the other Islands promptly attended to. FURNITURE WAREROOMS AND OFFICE IN FIRE·PROOF BUILDING, NO. "' FORT ST.
Work Sh0I,' at the Old Stand, No. 66 Hotel Street, ~<>N~LULU,=. L LAINE & 00., impQ,~t~rl$ a,~~ @Q;mm~~I$~Q~ lMr~M;~h~mt~" DEALERS IN HAY, GRAIN, AND ~ENERAL PRODUCE. Grain Ground. to Order. ORDERS SOLICITED' AND SATISFACTION GUARANTEED. STORAG.E FOR GOODS. Office, Fort St., below Lucas', Honolulu,H.I. H. HACKFELD & CO.,
GE~EE~L COMMISSION MERCHANT'S,; HONOLITLU , HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. PACIFIC~fAILSTEAMSHIP CO . -:0:- ~The steamers of the Pacific Mail Company will leave- FOR SANFRANOISOO December 19th, 1882, and every fourth Monday thereafter; AND FOR AUCKLAND AND SYDNEY December 24th, 1882, and every fourth Saturday thereafter. H. HACKFELD & CO., Honolulu, Agents. COS}fOPOLITAN RESTAURANT! KILAUEA KAUI, HALF WAY BETWEEN HANALEI AND KAPAA, ~IR~T ~LA~~ INtnRYRft~r~~TB~THlN nUALITY AND nUANTITY, Charges J.\I.I:e>dera"te.
A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF Smoking and Chewing Tobaccos. Ci~ars and Cigarettes always on hand. Gin gerAle, Cider,SodaWater, Lem. onade,Tea coffee and Ohocolate Alvvays Ready. w. COFFIN, Propl'etor. A. W.BUSH, FAMILY GROCERY, ODD FELLOWS' BUILDING, Nos. 93 and 95 Fort Street :::::: Honolulu, H. I. IMPORTER AND DEALER IN
FAMILIES. PLANTATIONS AND SHIPPING SUPPLIED. Goods Carefully Packed for Shipment and Warranted. Particular attention given to putting up Stores for Officers and other Messes of Vessels of 'Var.
Received by Every Packet. Choice American and European Crocerje~.
PURELY MUTUAL. ASSETS, 845,000,000.••••• SURPLUS, $6,000,000.
ALL FORMS OF LIFE LNSURANCE POLICIES ISSUED.
The Tontine policy issued by. this company' offers unusual advan tages; itprovides for one's family at ordinary life rates, and the Illoncy returned with interest on arriving at n certain age.
~acneale and urban Safes.,.
Fire proof, fire and burglar proof, burglar proof. Old safes taken in exchange. 'fhe celebrated Springfield Gas Machine. For particulars. apply in Honolulu to CI. 0, BERCER, Agent, Hawiian Islands. HEALD'S BUSINESS CrOllEGE,. 24 Post Street, opposite Mechanic's Institute, '., . S.A.N FE.A.NCJ:SCO. . C.A.LJ:FOENJ:.A.. Imparts a thorough and practical Education ill all Commercial and English Branches. French, German. Spanish, Drawing and Telegraphy. The school hav ing Rwater facilities and enjoying a more extensive patrollage than any similar institution on the Paciffc Coast, continues to base its claims for recognition and patronage upon the good sense and enlightened judgment of the public. LIST OF FACULTY, E.P.HEALD, ALFONSO V. BJJSSCHE. F. C. WOODBURY, MISS H. M. CURTIS, A.B.CAPP, 'I'. R. SOUTHER~ H. M. STEARNS. A. VAN DEB NAI.uLEN,. MISS N. PATCHEN, F.SEREGNI, MRS. W. J. HAMILTON, GEORGEJEBENS, , C. H. ANDREWS. RATES OF TUITION. FuIl Business Course, 12months $12.'} 00 Full Business Course, 6 months :...... 7500 Full Business Course, '3 months ~ .., W'OO Full Business Course, 1 month ,...... 20 00 The publiC' are earnestly requested to visit our School and witness:its practical workings. Studeuts!)'au begin at any time; e'lch receives separate illstruction. Ladies are admitted into all dep'lrtments of the College. For full particulars call at thll' College Office, or address ; .....\ HEALD & WOODBURY, San Francisc~, Califor;nia•
. REV. H. E. JEWETT,
Classical, Literary and English Departments fits for College and for Business 'Life. Board; Tuition,\Vashillg, Lights; &c"" $28 per month. For further information apply to REV. H. Eo JEWETT, PrincIpal. JOHN BKINKER,
No. 115 Pine St., San Francisco, Cal,
Agent f~r Du Pont's Gunpowder, Win~hes-. ter's Repeating Arms, Eagle Safety Fuse Com.' pany, Hobel's Detonators. '...~
"
• ·~
~. eEl m ~ 1-1 o .B== ", Druggists and Apothecaries,
-AND IlIIPORTERS OF-
Choice· Habana Cigars, Tobacco· and Snuff. Sole Agents for the Hawaiian Islands for the J. C. Ayer Co., Lowell, Mass. Hum phrey Homeopathic Medicine Co., New York. Crown Perfumery Co., London. P. Lorillard & Co.'s Tobaccos, NewYork., and the celebrl).ted.! Vanity FairandOldJudge Tobacco and Cigarettes. Also Manufacturers of
SODA AND MINERAL WATERS, G~NGER ALE, &0., &0. --:0:-- . . Physicians prescriptions carefully compounded.by an experienced Pharmacist at any hour of the day or night.· u L -FOR-
......
A. .HAND. BOOK OF INFORIIATION.
On Matters Relating to the Havvaiian Islands, Original and Selected, of Value to Merchants, Planters, Tour- ists and Others.
EIGHTH YEAR OF PUBLICATION.
..'
THOS. G. THRUM, COMPILER AND PUBLISHER,
Merchant and Fort Streets. Honolulu.
COPYF.lGHTIlD ACCORDING 'to LAW. II COUNTING '. HOUSE I DAB~ II CALE ---....---.---
~ ~ • ><: ;.; ;.; • < po; ;.; (iI ;.; >=I ><: ><: (iI po; >=I ><: ~ rn ;.; rn >=I < ~ ><: >=I ;.; >=I ;.; ><: ~ po; >=I ><: ~ rn TH~S. -<: rn ~ m < >=I -<: ~ G. THaUM, m -<: >=I >=I Z ~ ><: >=I >=I rn Z ~ >=I >=I rn >=I P >=I Z ~ >=I Z Z ~ E- m Z ... E- m 0 ~ ~ 0 p ~ ~ ~ p p ::: "><: ><: n rn ;;; E- ~ "E- rn IMPORTING n rn ;;; E- ii: E- rn ------'"' - ---" - - - - -'"' - -AND- Jan. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 July '0 •• o ••• o' o. 1 8 9 1011 1213 14 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 15 16 17 18 1920 21 MANUFAOTURING 910 11 12 13 14 15 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 29 30 31 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Feb. 1 2 3 4 STATIONER, 30 31 • 0 •• 0" •• .. 5 6 7 8 910 11 Aug. •• o. 1 2 3 4 5 1213 14 15 1617 18 NEW8 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1920 21 22 23 24 25 13 14 15 16 17 1819 26 27 28 ... .0 ., .. DEALER, 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 Mar...... , 1 2 3 4 27 28 29 30 31 .0.0 ., 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Sept. .... o ••• 1 2 . 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 PRINTER, 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 19 20 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 21 22 23 24 25 -AND-' 26 27 28 29 30 31 .. 17 18 1920 21 22 23 April .. " ., ...... 1 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 2 3 4 5 6 7 BOOK • PINDER, Oct. 1 2 3 4·5 6 7 9 10 11 12 13 14 8 910 11 12 13 14 16 17 18 19 20 21 22[:1 Merchant st., 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 30 .. .. ., ., .. . ,I (Near Fort), 29 30 31 .. ., .0 .. May .. 1 2 3 4 5 6 j .0 •• .. 1 2 3 4 7 8 91011 12 13' -ANn-- Nov. 5 6 7 8 910 11 111516 It819 20: 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 21 22 23 24 25 26 271 Fort Street, 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 28293031 .. " .. 26 27 28 29 30 .. Oor. /Iotel st., J une ..., .... , 1 2 3 .. • 0.0. •• o • 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10. . Dec. 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 111213 HONOLULU, 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 [T' [T" 17 19 21 18192021 2223241 18 20 22 23 21 25 26 27 28 29 30 ~~~~:~~~:~~~:: H. I. 31 .. •• ••• • 0 .0 '0
nOBERT GRIEVE, PRINTER, HONOLL1"l.U, H. I. •
ADVERTISEMENT.
THE principal object aimed at in the preparation of the HAWAIIAN ALMANAO AND ANNUAL from its inception has been to combine full and accurate informa tion on matters peculiarly Hawaiian within its eoonom:ized space, and to present its constantly-revi6wed tables of information in such a manner as shall facilitate in its consultation. ' , The constantly-increasing home and foreign demand, as also the liberal extracts from its pages in leading publications abroad, indicate in a flattering manner the appreciation of our labors. The increasing corps of co-laborers, as shown in this issue, gives further variety and increasing interest in Island subjects of research which, as above noted, it will be our chief aim to maintain: The article on Indigenous Ornamental Plants \ is the first that has yet been published, and is from one who has devoted much time to its interesting stildy. Early Reminiscences, from Mr. Sheldon's facile pen, recalls incidents in these Islands which will be of interest to many readers. Hawaiian Legendary Lore, by the Rev. A. O. Forbes, is continued as a feature of the Al\'NUAL, and the able article on the Varieties of Hawaiian Sugar Cane, from A. C. Smith, with other kindred Island subjects by other writerS", will be read with interest. Retrospect for the Year is assuming more importance each issue with its varied information, which, as an impartial recorder of events it is our province to note, not only for present reference, but for the guidance, of the future historian of these fair Isles. With grateful feelings to,an eppreciative public, and thanks to those asssistants who have contributed so largely to the success of the ALMANAC AND ANNUAL, the Compiler presents the result of his labor upon' this, its eighth issue, feeling confident that it falls behind none of its predecessors in interest. . THOS. G. THRUM. HONOLU'LU, November, 18£1.
• • 4 HAWAIIAN ANNUAL CALENDAR FOR :l.SS:2,
Being the 104th year since the discovery of the Hawaiian Islands by Captain 'Cook; The latter part of the looth and the beginning of the l07th year of the Inde- ::Pendence of the United States of America. Also, 'fhe Year 5642--43 of the Jewish Era; 'rhe Year 1300 of the Mahommedan Era; ~'he Year.2635 since the foundation of Rome, according to Van-o. .,.
HOLIDAYS OBSERVED AT THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS.
""New year " Jan. 1 American Anniversary July 4 Chinese New year ; ; .Feb. 2 *His Majesty's Birthday Nov. 16 "'Accession of Kalakaua...•....Feb. 13 *Recognition of Hawaiian Inde- *Good Friday ApI. 7 pendence Nov. 28 Birth of Queen Victoria•...... May 24 *Christmas ; ...... ••...... Dec. 25 *Kamehameha Day '" .June 11 Those prefixed by a * are recognized by the Government.
CHURCH DAYS. FIXED AND MOVABLE FEASTS.
Epiphany Jan. 61 Ascension Day May 18 Septuagesima Sunday....•.....Feb. 5 Pentecost and Whitsuntide May 28 Shrove Sunday Feb. III Trinity Sunday June 4 Shrove Tuesday Fpb~ 21 Corpus Christi. June 8 • Ash Wednesday '" .Feb. 22 St. John Baptist's Day June 2! First Sunday in Lent " , ..Feb. 26 All Saints' Day Nov. 1 Palm Sunday ApI. 2 First Sunday in Advent Dec. 3 Good Friday ApI. 7 St. Nicholas ~ Dec. 6 Easter Sunday ApI. 9 Christmas Dec. 25 Low S?nday _ Apl. 16 St. John, Evangelist Dec. 27 RogatIOn Sunday , ...•....May 14
CHRONOLOGICAL CYCLES.
Dominical Letter. ; , A ISolar Cycle...... •..• ...... 15 Epact , 11 Rot;nan Inqiction 10 Golden Number 2 JulIan Penod -"" 6595
ECLIPSES IN 1882.
In the ye~r 1882 there will be two Eclipses, both of the Sun, occurring May 16th, and November 10th, neither of which will be visible at the Hawaiian 'Islands. •
TRANSIT OF VENUS. 1882.
A TRANSIT of the planet VENUS over the Sun's diskwill occur December 6th,1882. Ingress, External Contact 3.24.43 A. M.I Egress, Internal Contact....9.22.23 A. M. Ingress, Internal Cont'llct 3.45.43 A•.M. Egress, External Contact..•9.43.14 A. M. 5 FIRST QUARTER, 1882. JANUARY. FEBRUARY. MARCH.
D. H. M. D. n.M. s. D. n. M. s. 4 Full }[oon..•• 0.27.0 _,. M. 2 Full Moon•••• 7.26.5 P. M. 1 Full Moon•••• 2.08.2 P. M 12 Last Quarter.. 5.16.1 A. M. 10 Last ~uarter.•10.02.6 P. M 12 Last ~uarter..10.56.7 A. M 19 New Moon.... 6.0:3.6 A. M. 17 New} oou.... 4.17.4 P. M. 19 New} oon.... 1.40.2 A. M 25 First Quarter. 9.12.4 P. M. 21 First Quarter.ll.59.3 A. M. 26 First Quarter. 3.01.5 A. M . • t:l t:l ~ ~ t:l t:l ~ ~ t:l t:l ~ ~ . § 0: '" ;;l'" '" ;;l ;;l'" '" '" ;;l ;;l'" '" ~ '" '"'" ~ ~ .s;.'" .s;.'" ~ ~ '".s;. '".s;. :;:. .s;. .s;. :;:- :;:. :;:- ~ ~ :: ~ ..... ~ ~ ~ c ~ c ~ ;;l :0 r ;;l r ~ .'"~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ------. -- H. M. H.lII. H.M. H.lII. H.M. H.M. ISUN ..... 64195259 1 Wed ..... 6411 5465 1 Wed ..... 6242 601 1 2 Mon ...... 642115264 2 Thurs.... 6406 5472 2 Thurs.... 6235 601 5' 3 Tues...... 64245269 3 Fri ...... 6402 5479 3 Fri ...... 6229 601 9 4 Wed...... 64365276 4 Sat...... 6398 5486 4 Sat...... 6223 6 U2"<> 5 Thurs.... 6439 5281 5 SUN...... 6393 5493 5SUN ..... 6217 6 U2 7 6 Fri ...... 6431 5286 6 Mon ...... 6388 5499 6l\Ion ...... 6208 603 () 7 Sat...... 6433 5291 7 Tues...... 6383 5505 7 Tues...... 6199 603 <>" 8 SUN ..... 6435 5296 8 Wed ..... 6378 5511 8 Wed ..... 6189 603 6 9 Mon ...... 6435 5315 9 Thurs.... 6373 5517 9 Thurs.... 6179 603 9 10 Tues...... 6435 5323 10 Fri ...... 6367 5523 10 Fri...... 6169 604 2 11 Wed...... 6436 5332 11 Sat...... 6361 5529 11 Sat...... 6159 604 5 12 Thurs ... 6436 5340 12 SUN ..... 6355 5535 12 SUN...... 6149 604 9 13 Fri ...... 6436 5348 13 Mon ...... 6349 5540 131~Ion ••... 6139 605 3 .. 14 Sat...... 6437 5353 14 Tues...... 6343 5545 14 Tues...... 6129 605 7 15 SUN ..... 6437 5357 15 Wed ..... 6336 5550 15 Wed ..... 6119 606 '2 16 Mon ...... 6436 5364 16 Thurs.... 6329 5555 16 Thurs.... 6109 606 6 17 Tues...... 6435 5372 17 Fri ...... 6323 5560 17 Fri ...... 6099 607 (I 18 Wed ..... 6434 5379 18 Sat...... 6317 5565 18 Sat...... 6 U8 9 607 4 19 Thurs.... 64335387 6310557 0 19 SUN ..... 6 07 9 6 07 !l 20 Fri ...... 64325394 120"ISUNMon ...... 6 30 35 57 4 20 Mon ...... 607.1608 o 21 Sat...... 64305402 2] Tues...... 6 29 65 57 9 21 Tues...... 6 06 4 6 08 1 22 SUN ..... 64295409 122 Wed ..... 6 28 9 5 58 3 22 Wed ..... 60576082 23l\Ion ...... 64295414 123ITh,urs.... 6 28 25 58 8 23 Thurs.... 6 04 9 6 08 3 24 Tues...... 64285419 24 Fn ...... 6 27 5 5 59 2 24 Fri...... 6 04 2 6 08 4 25 Wed ..... 64285424 [25 Sat...... 62785597 25 Sat...... 60346 OS 5 26 Thurs.... 64275429 26 SUN ..... 6 26 1600 1 26 SUN ..... 6 02 7 6 08 7 27 Fri ...... 64265434 27 Mon ...... 6 25 5 6 00 4 27 Mon ...... 6 01 7 6 09 1 28 Sat...... 64255439 128 'l'UM••..•. 6 24 8 6 00 8 28 Tues...... 600 76095 29 SUN ..... 64245444 29 Wed ..... 55976099 30 ~ron ...... 64205451 30 Thurs.... 5 58 7 6 10 31 Tues...... 64155458 31 Fri ...... 557 7610\8
THE Stone Church clock arrived in Honolulu October 10, 1850, by the.Eliza Warwick, from Boston. It was selected there by Mr. Board man, who also accompanied it to its destination and put it in opera tion.. It cost $1000, and commenced running January 10, 1851. Mr. Boardman also established the Transit Observatory on Union street, near Hotel, and known during the past twenty years as Flitner's Observatory. . . 6
Hea.ds ofthe PrIncipal Nations of the World ln 1881.
GOVERNMENTS. Rulers. Title. I~i Date of S"'i Accession. . ~ ------Argentine RepublIe Julio A. Roca President Jnne -.'100 Anstria-Hungary Franz J o.eph I Emperor..: 1830 Dec. 2, 1848 Bel~ium Leopold II : .. King 1S35 Dec. 10, 1865 BolIvia : Nicolas Campero President June 1,1880 ~r~z.il \edro II A,lcantara Emp.eror 1825 Al'ril 7,18:H Chill. :Santa Marla Preslden: Sept. 18,1876 China Kwong Shu Emperor •• : 1871 Jan. 12,187:> Colombia , R. Nunez President April 1,100 Costa Rica Tomas Guardia President Provisional. Denmark Christian IX Kina: 1818 Nov. 1:;,1863 Ecuador Jose de Vintimilla President Sept. 8, 1876 France ; Francois P. Jules Grevy President 1813 Jan. 30,1879 Germany ' · Wilhelm L Emperor 1797 Jan. 18,1871 Alsace-Lorraine F. M. Baron llfanteufl'el Oberprasid't.. ---,100 Anhalt Friedrich Duke 1831 ;\lay 22,1871 Badell; Fried~ich I. G:and D\lke 1~,~~ April 24,1852 Kln~ BavarIa Lud'\'lg' 11 0 •••••• .• ...... e •• ISla Mar. 10,1864
Bremen o 0 Burgoula8ters . Brunswick ; Wilhelm L Dnke 1806 April 20,1831 Ilanlburg Bnrgomasters . Hesse Ludwig" IV : Grand Duke.••• 1'334 June la, 1877 . Lippe G. F. Waldemar Prince 1824 Dec. H,1875 Lubeck " ; BnrO'olllasters ...... • llIecklenburg-Schwerin Friedrich Franz II Gra;;d Duke 1823 Mar. 7,1842 llIec~lenburg-Strelitz Friedrich Wilhelm Grand Duke 1819 Sept. 6, 18~! Oldenburg Peter Grand Duke 1827 Feb. 27, 18h" Prussia Wilhelm 1. Kin" 17l'1 Jan. 2,1861 Reuss-Greiz Henrich XXII Prince 1846 Nov. 8, 185!J Reuss-Sch!eiz Heinrich XlV Prince 18321JnlY 10,1867 Saxe·AltenburJ: " Ernst Duke 1826 Au". 3,185:3 Saxe-CoburJ: and Gotha Ernst II Duke 1818 Jan. 29,1844 Saxe.~teiuinge1';~ GeorgII.: Duke : 11826ISept. 20, 18~6 Saxe-Weimar Eisenach Karl Alexander Grand Dnke.• ,. 1818 July 8,18~3 8ax,my Albert King 1828 Oct. 29,1873 Schaumbura:-Lippe Adolf Prince 1817 Nov. 21,1860 Scbwarzuurg-Rudolstadt Georg Prince : .. 1838 Nov. 26,1869 Schwarzburg-Sondershausen Gunther III Prince 1830 July 17,1880 'Valdeck G"or" Victor Prince 1831 ;\fay 14, 1845 Wurtemberg ;c.·: Karl "r , I(lng 18Z> .June 25,1864 Great Britain and Ireland Viotoria I. Queen & E.of I. 1819 June 20,18.31 Greece Georgios 1. King._ 1845 June 6,186-')' Guatemala J. Hulino Barrios President. May 7,18,,1 HaytL : ; General Salomon President Nov. 25.1879 Hawaiian Islands Kalakaua 1..; King: 1836 Pcb. 12, 1874 IIouduras M. A. Soto President May 29,1S77 Italy Humbert I. King 1844 Jan. 9,1878 Japan Mutsu Hito Mikado 1852 B'eb. 13,1867 Mexico Manuel Gonzales President Dec. 1,1880 llIoroc.co Muley·Hassan Sultan 1831 Sept. 25,1873 Netherlands Willem III King 1817 Mar. 17,1849 Nicaraa:ua Joaquin Zavala President Mar. 1,1879 Paraguay Candido Bareiro President April 12, 1878 Persia Na..r-ed-deen Shah 182\1 Sept. 10.1848 Peru Nicola Pierola Dictator Dec. 23,1879 Portugal Lnis I. King 1838 Nov. 11.1861 ROllmania Karl I D~mnu King 1839 May 10,1861> RussIa Alexander IlL Emperor 1845 Mar. 14, 1881 Salvador Rafael Zaldivar President April 30,1876 SantoDomingo }<'. A. de Moreno President July 23,1880 Servia lIlilan IVObrenovic Prince 1855 July 2,1Sf>!! Spain Alfoll8o XII Kim: 1857 Dec. 30,'1874 Sweden and Norwuy Oscar II : Kina: 1829 Sept. 18,1872 Switzerland Numa Droz President Jan. 1,1881 Turkey Abdul-Hamid·Khan Snltan 1842 Aug. 31. 18'/6 Egypt : Tewlik Pacha Khedive June 2",1879 United States IChester A. Arthur President Sept. 22, 1~81 Uru"uay IF. A. Vidul. President ~lar. 17,1880 Venezuela Guzman Blunco Presidcnt Feb. 26,1879 7 SECOND QUARTER, 1882. .APRIL. MAY. JUNE• D. n. M. D. n. JI. D. n. JI. S Fnllll[oon•••• 7.15.5 A. JI.' 2 Full Moon... 9.58.5 P. M. 1 Full Moon ....10.02.0 A. M. 10 Last Quarter.. 7.58.9 P M. 10 Last Q.uarter 2.03.8 A. M. 8 Last Q.uarter.. 6.38.6 A. M. 17 New lIfoon....l1.06.0 A. M. 16 New Moon.•. 9.01.6 P. JI. 15 New Moon..•• 8.01.9 A. M. 24 First Quarter. 8.24.2 P. M. 24 First Quarter 2.09.8 P.:M: 28 First Quarter. 7.29.; A. M. ------11------:,0 Fullllfoon..•• 7.36.9 P. M. b b t<> ~ b b ~ t<> b b t<> ~ ...... ";0 ;0 ...... '" .. ";0 ...'" ...'" .." :- '" '" ~ ~ '" ~ ~ ~ ~ <;. <;. ~ <;. <;. <;.- :;:- .... :;:- ~ :;:- ~ .... ~ ~ ;'l r ~ ~ ? ~ ;'l l'" .. ~ ;:;: ~ !'"" ~'" !'"" ------1'" ------H. M. H. N. H. M. IH. M. H. M. H. H. 1 Sat 5 56 7 6 11 2 1 :Mon 5 32 5 6 21 3 1 Thurs 5 21 46 33 8 2 SUN ....• 5 55 616 11 6 2 Tues 5 32 016 21 7 2 Fri 5 21 3 6 34 2 3l\Ion 55476118 3Wed 53146220 3Rat.... ; 52116346 4 Tues 5 53 9,6 12 1 4 Thurs 5 30 96 22 4 4 SUN 5 21 06 35 0 5 Wed 5 53 116 124 5 Fri .~ 5 304622 7 5 Mon 521163-54 6 Thurs .., 55226127 6 Sat 52996230 6 Tues 52126357 7 Fri 5514 6 130 7 SUN 5294623 4 7 Wed 5 21 36361 8 Sat 550516133 8 Mon •..... 5290 6238 8 Thurs 52146364 9 SUN 549 616 13 6 9 'rues 5 28 5 16 24 1 9 Fri 5 21 56 36 7 10 MOll 54876139 10 Wed 528016245 10 s.at 52166370 11 Tues.....• 54796142 11 'rhurs 52756248 11 SUN 521 76373 1 12IWed 54716145 12 Fri 5270 6.2052 12M.on 52186376 13 Thurs 546216149 13 S.at 52656256 13 Tues 52206378 14 Fri... 54546152 14SUN 5261626114Wed 52216380 ~at ~ 1 1~ 1 15 44 616 5 15 r;IOll 5 2? 8 6 26 4 1.5 Th.urs 5 22 3 6 38 2 16 SUN i> 43 8i6 Ii> 8 16 lues 5 25 616 26 7 16 Fn 5 22 5 6 38 4 171\1011 5430 6161 17 Wed 52536270 17 Sat 52266386 1 18 Tues 5422 6165 18ITh.urs 525 16274,181 SUN 52286388 19 Wed 5 41 46 16 8 19IFl'l 524 816 27 7/191Moll 5 23 16 39 0 ZOITh.urs 540 6 1~ 17 2j2o\Sat § 24 6 6 28 1120 Tues 5 23 36392 1 21 Fn 5 39 8 6 17 5 21 SUN ) 24 4 6 28 4j 21 Wed 5 23 5 6 39 4 22. ,s.at 5 39 06 17 9, 22. ,MOll 5241 629 0 , 22 Thurs 5 23 76 39 6 201 SUN 538 26 18 2 23 Tues 5 23 7 6 29 5 23 Fri 5 23 96 39 8 24 Mon 5 37 46 18 6 24 Wed 5 23 4 6 30 01 24 Sat 5 24 1 6 40 0 25I'rues 5 36 66 190 25 Thurs 5 23 1 6 30 5 25 SUN 52436 40 3 26 Wed 5 35 9 6 19 4 26 Fri 5 22 7 6 31 0 1 26 Mon 5 24 56 40 5 27 Thurs .5 35 2 6 19 8 27 Sat.. 5 22 46 31 5 27 'rues 5 24 7 6 40 7 28 Fri 53456202 28 SUN 5220163~O 28 Wed 52496409 I 1 29tSat 5 33 8 6 20 6 29!M:on1 521 963.5 29 Thurs 5 25 16 411 30 SUN 533 1621 0130I'rues 5 21 7632 9 30 Fri 5253641 3 l 1 31 Wed 5 21 6 6 33 4 I .
FEBRUARY 22, 1856, arrived at Honolulu the American ship Raduga, from Boston, with the dredging machine and apparatus for the Gov ernment, and in May work was commenced therewith, which attracted much attention. The steam tug Pele was originally planned as an attendant thereon, to tow the mud barges to and fro in the harbor, but has served as sole tug for the shipping of the port, with but short interruptions at intervals, ever since.
• 8
INTER-ISLAND DISTANCES BY SEA, IN SEA MILES.
. AROUND OAHU. From Honolulu, Esplanade Wharf, to MILES. MILES. B~llBuoy 1~ Kahuku 51 DIamond Head " : 5 Pearl River Bar ; 6 Koko Head 12 Barber's Point. 14 l\Iakapuu Point 17 Kaena Point, NW of Oahu 34 Mokapu 29 Kahuku, N pt of.Oahu, via Kaena 54 Honolulu to: . lIIILES'1 lIIILEB. Laa 0 ka Lua, SW pt of Molokai 35 Kawaihae 144 West point of Lanai 50 Kealakekua direct 157 Kalaupapa Leper Settlement 50 Kealakekua via Kawaihae 186 Lahaina 72 SW point Hawaii via Kawaihae..•..233 Kahului ; 90 Punaluu 250 Hana 125 Hilo direct 192 l\faalaea ; 85 Hilo windward ronte 207 Makena 90 Hilo via Kawaihae 230 .Mahukona 134 Honolulu to: lIIILES'1 • MILES. Koloa, Kauai. 102 Waimea•..••.....••... ,' ...... •....120 Nawiliwili 98 Hanalei. 120 Niiliau 144 Lahaina to: lIIILES.! lIIILES. Kaluaaha 17 Maalaea 12 Lanai...... •....•.••.••...•.. .•. .• 9 Makoona 18 KawaihM to: • lIIILES.. lIIILEB. Mahukona 10 Hilo 85 Waipio " 040 Lae 0 ka Mano 20 Honokaa 50 Kailua 34 Laupahoehoe 65 Kealakekna 44 Hilo to: MILES. lInLEB. East point of Hawaii 20 IPunaluu 70 Keauhou, Kau 50 Kaalualu 80 North point of Hawaii 70 South point of Hawaii. 85 WIDTH OF CHANNELS-EXTREME POINT TO POINT. MILES. I lIIILES. Oahu and Molokai. 23 Maui and Kahoolawe 6 Diamond Heal to SW pt Molokai 30 Hawaii and MauL 25 Molokai and Lanai 7 Kauai and Oahu 61 l\Iolokai and MauL ~ 9 Niihau and Kauai. 15 Maui and Lanai...... • ...... 9
OCEAN DISTANOES-HONOLULU TO:
San Francisco...•..••....•.•••..•.lIIILES'12,100 Auckland ~ MILEB.3,810 Portland 2,460 Sydney 4,484 Panama 4,620 Hongkong 4.893 ·Tahiti 2,380 yokohama ; 3,440
• 9 THIRD QUARTER, 1882.
JULY. AUGUST. SEPTEMBER. n. H. x. D. H. v. D. B.M. 7 Last Quarter.•ll.20.9 A. lI. 5 Last Quarter. 5.42.1 P. v. 3 Last ~uartcr.. 3.46.1 P. lI. 14 New Muon ..•. 8.29.9 P. lI. 13 New Moon ...10.as.5 A. lI. 11 New} oon.••• 7.30.0p,.,. 22 First Quarter.l1.46.0 P. >I. 21 FirstQnartcr. 1.Z1.3 P. lI. 19 First Qnarter. 1.23.2 P. M. 30 Full Muon.... 3.30.4 P. lI. 28 Full MO\ln •••10.47.4 A. M. 26 Full Moon .••• 4.02.4.A. v. ------_.- b b 1>l 1>l b b 1>l ~ b b 1>l ~ ...'" ...'" " " ...'" ...'" " ...'" ...'" " ;l ~ ~ ~" "~ ~ ~ "~ ~" ~ ~ ~" ~ ::- ~ ::- ~ ::- :::- ~ ~ ~ ~ cl:::: ~ ~ :- ~ ? .. ~ .. ~ ~ ~ :'" ~ ~ -'---- -:--.- - .. _------._------H. Y. H.M. H.11. H. M. H. :M. H.lf. 1 Sat...... 52556415 1 Tues...... 53736349 1 Fri...... 5469 6126 2SUN ..... 525 +417 2 Wed...... 53766345 2 Sat...... 5474 6117 ·SMon ...... 5560 6417 3 Thurs.... 5379 6340 3 SUN ..... 5475 6107 1 4 Tues...... 526361 ]48 4 Fri ...... 53826336 4 Mon ...... 5477 6098 5 Wed ..... 5267:6418 5 Sat...... 538516332 5 Tues...... 5479 6089 6 Thurs '" 5 27 (11 614 8 6SUN ..... 53876327 6 Wed ..... 54816080' '1 Fri ...... 5273164] 9 7Mon ...... 53916320 7 Thurs.... 54836071 SSat...... 5274'6419 8 'rues...... 53956314 8 Fri ...... 54856062 9SUN ..... 5279'6149 llWed...... 540016306 9 sat...... 54876054 10 Mon ...... 5285:6416 ]O'rhurs.... 54046299 10 SUN ..... 5489 6049 11 Tues...... 52906413 11 Fri ...... 5409 6292 lIMon ...... 549316039 ]2 Wed ..... 52966400 ]2 Sat...... 541362851 12 'rues...... 54966028 13'1'hurs.... 530 1:6407 ]3iSUN ..... 541716277 13 Wed ..... 550060171 14 Thurs.... 55036006 14 Fri ...... 53076404 14 Mon ...... 542062701 15 Sat...... 5312'6401 ]~01 '1'ues...... 5423,6262 15 Fri ...... 55075595 16 SUN ..... 5318'6398 16IWed ..... 5427 625 .'l 16 Sat...... 55105585 543062481 17 SUN ..... 55145574 171\1on ...... 532 ]!6 39 5 17 ITh,urs.... 18 Tues...... 5325'6392 18,Frl_...... 543 2!6 24] !HiMon ...... 55155566 ]9 Wed ...... 53286390 19,5at_...... 54356234 119 'Tues...... 55165558 20 Thurs.... 53326388 20 SUN ...... 54376227 20 Wed ..... 55175551 211Fri ...... 53366386 2J Mon ...... 54396219 21 Thurs.... 55175543 22>Sat ...... 53396384 22,TuesI ...... 54426212 22 Fri ...... 55185536 23 SUN ..... 53426382 23 Wed ..... 5445 6204 23 Sat...... 5519 5528 24 SUN ..... 5522 5520 24 Mon ...... 53466378 24 Thurs.... 5.44 86197 1 25 Tues...... 5 34 9 6 37 I) 25 FrL...... 5 45 0 6 19 0 25:Mon ...... 5524 5510 26 Wed...... 5 35 3.6 37 1 26 Sat...... 5 45 26 183 26 Tues...... 5528 5499 27 Thurs.... 5 35 6 6 36 7 27 SUN ..... 5 45 4 6 17 4 27IWed ..... 5532 5489 28 Fri ...... 536 0,6 36 4 28 Mon...... 545 76 165 28IThurs.... 5536 5478 29 Sat...... 5 36 46 36 1 291'rUeS...... 5 46 0 6 15 5 29 Fri ...... 5539 5468 I 5543 5457 30 SUN ..... 536 '16 35 7 30 Wed...... 54626146 13OISat...... 31 .YI m ...... 53706353,3] Thurs.... 54656136.
The first lot of ice received at the Hawaiian Islands was by the brig Fortunio, from Boston via San Francisco, Sept. 14, 1850. This was fol lowed in 1854 by a cargo from Sitka, ex brig Noble, for which the' building used for many years of late by Mr. Geo. Emmes as a ship wright's shop, w'ns prepared as an ice-house. Partial cargoes followed at long intervals from Boston till 1870, when icc manufacturing com menced ,in Honolulu. 2 10
Census of the Hawaiian Islands, taken December 2'7, 18'78.
BY DISTRICTS AND ISLANDS• mWAU. .MounuI :. 2,581 Hilo 4,231 LANAI .. 214 Puna 1,043 Nnmu ; . 171 Kau 2,210 OAHU. Koua, North...•...... 1,967 Honolulu 14,114 Kona, South 1,761 Ewa and Waianae•...•...... 1,699 Kohala, North...... •....3,299 Waialua...... 639 Kohala, South...... 718 Koolauloa.. ..•...... • 1,082 Hamakua ~ 1,805 Koolaupoko 2,402 . . ---1~034 . --20,236 MAUl. XAUAI. Lahaina 2,448 Waimea 1,197 ·Wailuku .4,186 Koloa 1,008 Haha 2,067 Puna , 1,832 Makawao 3,408 Koolau and Hanalei...•••. .• 1,597 --12,109 . -- 5,63!
BY NATIONALITY. Natives 44,088 Britons .. 883 Half-castes ; 3.420 Portuguese .. 436 Chinese...... 5,916 Germans . 272 Americans ...... 1,276 French ; .. 81 . HawQiian-born of foreign parents 947 Other foreignerlil•....•...•...... • 666· Total Population,1878 ••••••••57,985
Population of the Princillal Townships of the Hawaiian Islanc1lf Compiled from the Latest Census, 1878. " Honolulu, Wailuku, Lallaina'i Hilo, Waimea, NATIONALITIES. Oahu. Maui. .ltv.ui. Hawaii. Kauai. -_.__.._------_._------Native . 9,272 3,307 1,967 2,951 1,00JO Half-caste . 1,311 311 158 323 20 Foreigners . ----3,531 ----5G8 ----323 ----1,057 ---_.87 Total...... •.••..... 14,114 4,186 2,448 4,231 1.19'1
NATIONALITY AND SJlX OF ABOVE TABLE.I Native male...... 4,771 1,734 1,085 1,608 48-1 Native female...... 4,501 1,573 882 1,343 50'1' Half·caste, male...... 601 161 71 129 8 Half-caste, females ...... 707 150 87 94 12 Chinese, males••••••••••••••.•••.••••••• 1,199 32'1 210 791 61 Chine.e, female...... 100 7 .. 2'J 2; Haw.-born of foreign parent., males... $0 21 8 26 4. ·How.-born of foreign parent., females. 2H5 19 4 28 6, Americans, males•••.•••.•••••••••••••.• 422 80 30 79 .2 Amelicans, female~•...•...•..••...•...• 175 19 14 21 ·1 Briti.h, males...... 31'! 25 11 21 4 I!ritish, fem!'les...•...... •••....•.....•. 165 6 1 3 4 German, males••.•••••••.•••.••••.•••.•• 101 2 6 18' 1 German, females ...... 38 1 .. 1 ... }""rench, males•••••••••••.••••••••••••••• 23 :; 2 7 .. French, females...... 16 " 2 .. Portugu~se, males .....•..••...... ••.... 2()'~ 25 18 4 .. Portnguese. female...... 54 :l .. 'Other foreigners, males...... 137 32 19 34 2 Other foreigners, r"males...... 31 2 ...... ------_.--- Totals, 187'8...... ----14,114 -----4,186 ----2,448 ---4,Zl1 1,197 Total. by the Census of 1872...... 14,852 4,060 3,00'2 4,220 ---1,269 11 FOURTH QUAR,TER, 1882.
OCi'OBER. NOVEMBER. DECEMBER. " D. H. M, D. H.:M. S. D. H.M.8. 3 Last ~uarter .. 3.46.1 P. M, 2 Last Quarter,. 8.26.4 A. II 2 Last Quarter.. 4,24.9 A. II 11 New} oou .... 7.30.0 P. M, 10 New Moon .... U.48.1 P. lI, 10 New Moon .... 5.00.1 A. Jl( 19 j<'ir.t Quarter. 1.23.2 P. M, 17 ]<'ir8t Quarter.1U.10.2 P. M. 17 ]<'irstQuarter. 6.118.1 A. Jl( 26 Full Moon .... 4.02.4 .•. M. 24 ]<'ull Moon .... 3.31.2 P. M. 21 Full }loon.... 1.00.9.A. M ------b 1:::1 t;;, t;;, b b t;;, t;;, b 1:::1. t;;, t;;, ~'" '¢'" ";;l ";;l ...'" ...'" ";;l ";;l ...'" ...'" ";;l ";;l ~ ~, ~, ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ tb 1;' 1;' 1;' ~ ..... ~ ~ ~ .,I::: ~ ~ ., ~ ~., ~ ~ ;;l '" !" r ;;. .. F'"- :...... F'" !" -.------H.M. H.M. H.M. H. )f. H.M• H. :M. .5.547.5447I~ ISUN ..... Wed ..... 6064 .5 20 8 1 Fri ...... 6248 .5 13 8 2 Mon...... 5 5.5 0 5 43 9 2 'I'liurs.... 6069 .5 20 4 2 Sat...... 62.5 4 .5 13 9 3 Tues...... 5.5.5 3.5431 0 3 Fri ...... 6074 .5 19 9 3 SUN ..... 6260 .5 14 o 4 Wed...... 5.55.51.5 42 2 4 Sat...... 6079 .5 194 4Mon ...... 6267 .5 141 5 Thurs.... 5.5.5 8 .5 413 .5 SUN...... 608.5 .5 190 .5 Tues...... 6274 514 2 6 Fri ...... 5.560 5405 6 Mon ...... 6091 .5 18.5 6 Wed ..... 6281 .5 143 7 Sat...... 5.563 5397 7 Tues...... 6097 .5 18 1 7 Thurs.... 6288 .5 144 8 SUN ...... 5.566 .5 38 6 8 Wed ..... 6103 .5 17 7 8 Fri ...... 629.5.5 146 9 Mon ...... 5.569 .5 37 8 9IThurs.... 6109.51721 9 Sat...... 6302.5 148 ]0 Tues...... 5.571 .5 371 10 Fri ...... ;. 6 11 61.516 8 10 SUN ..... 6310.5 1.5 () 11 Wed...... 5'.574 .5 36 3 11 Sat...... 11 Mon ..... 631.5.5 1.5 4 12 Thurs .•, .5 57 6 .5 3.5 6 12 SUN ..... 612'1'6128.5 160163 12 Tues...... 6320.5 1.5 9 13 Fri ...... 5 57 9 .5 34 8 13 1Mon ...... 6132.5 1.5 9 13 Wed ..... 632.5.5 164 14 Sat.:...... 5 581 .5341 14 Tues...... 613651.5 8 14 Thurs.... 6330.5 16 9 1 ].5 SUN ...... 5.583 .5 33 3 15 Wed ..... 6140r1.58 15 Fri ...... 633.5.5174 ]6 Mon ...... 5 58 8 532.5 11~Th.urs.... 6 14 4.'i 1.5 7 16 Sat...... 6340.5179 17 Tues...... 5.592 .5 317 ill Frl ...... 6148.5157 17 SUN ..... 6344.5 184 18 Wed ..... 5.597 5308 '18,Sat...... 61.5 2.5 156 18 Mon·...... 6349 .5 189 l!J Thurs.... 6001 5300 i19 SUN ..... 61.5 6.5 15 6 19 Tues...... 6354.5 194 20 Fri ...... 6006 .5 29 2 20Mon ...... 6164.5 153 20 Wed ..... 63.5 9,.51 199 21 Sat...... 6011 .5 28 4 21ITues...... 61735 1.5 0 21 Thurs.... 6364.5204 22 SUN ..... 6016 5276 22,Wed ..... 6181.5 14 7 22 Fri...... 6369.5209 23 Mon ...... 6021 5269 23 Thurs.... 6190.5 14 4 23 Sat...... 63745214- 24 Tues...... 6026 .5 26 2 24IFri ...... 6198.5 141 24 SUN ..... 6379921 25 Wed ..... 6030 525.5 25,SatI ...... 6207.5 13 8 25 Mon ...... 6384522 {: 26 Thurs.... 603.5 .5 24 8 26'SUN ..... 6 2l.'i.5 13.5 26 Tues...... 63895229 27 Fri ...... 6040 .5 241 2711\10n'...... 6222.5 13 5 27 Wed ..... 6394523.:r 28Sat...... 6044 .5 23.5 28 Tues...... 6228.5136 28 ThUl's.... 6399 .5 23 \J 29 SUN ..... 6048 5228 29IWed...... 62355136 29 Fri ...... 6404 5244 -30 ~lon ,..... 6053 .5 221,30jThurs..•• 62415137 30 Sat...... 6409 .524!J ~1 'rues...... 60.5 8 5213 31 SUN...... 6413 .5253
An early number of the Polynesian stated that the first' whaler, fitted out at these Islands was in 1832', in which H. A. Pierce- was interested; )Jut inquiries result in bringing the period to 1834, at' the time the brig lVaverly fitted out for whaling and searching among the islands to the westward for Captain Dowsett and. others, in which. 'search she herself was cut offand all her orew massacred at StJ:o.ng'a Island.' , '. 12
Table of Elevations of Principal Localities throu gllout the Islands from the Records of the Government Survey. Measurements are from Mean Sea Level.
(CORREcrED FOR THIS ISllVE.)
OAHU. FEET. FEET. Kaala ...... 4,060 Round Top (Ualakaa) 1,052 Palikea, Waianae MQuntains 3,110 Diamond Head, or Leahi...... 161 Puu Kaua, Waianae Mountains 3,105 Telegraph Station (Kaimuki) ...• 292 Konahuanui Peak, Pali.. 3,105.5 Punchbowl Hill...... 498.5 Lanihuli Peak, PaiL 2,775 Suit Lake Station...... 481 Tantalus. or Puu Ohia : 2,013.5 Second Bridge, Nuuanu road.... 11 Olomana Peak, in Kailua 1,643 Light House, top of vane...... 31 Koko Head; upper crater 1,200 ~Salt Lake, mean level...... 0.0 Koko Head, lower crater...... 6t4 Average of High Peakson Kona- Nuuanu Pali station 1,209 huanui Range, about 2,800 Mokapu, crater off Kaneohe ·. 696 Little bndge front of Queen Station on ditto...... 681 Kah..ma's,·Nuuanu road...... 846 Makapuu, east point of Island.. 665 Punahou (veranda floors, old Station on ditto...... 642 building) . 19.6 Ulamawao, hill in Kailua...... 991 Nuuanu Distributing ReservOIr, Maelieli, ditto, in Heeh...... •. 713 level of water...... ll9 Puu Ohulehule, in Hakipuu 2,262 Makiki Iteservoir...... 150 .Ewa Church.... 81 MAUL
. FEET. FEET. Haleakala ". ~ 10,032 IHaleakala Seh.001. ..~ .. .. 2,150 West Maui, about 5,820 Puu NJaniau, Makawao , 6,8[,0 Piiholo, 1\lakawao.; ; 2.256 Pud K!lPu~i, H~makua , 1,150 Puu 10, near Captam Makee s 2,841 Puu 0 Vnll, HaIku...... 62'J Captain Makee's; about 1,900 Puu Pane, Kula 2,568 Puu Olai (Miller's Hill)...... 355 Lahainaluna Seminary...... 600 Makawao FemaleSeminary 1,000 Kauiki, Hana :...... 392 H. P. Baldwin's, .Makawao...... 930 Grove Ranch, Makawao 981 Mount Ball (Paupau) 2,254 HAWAII. FEET. FEET. Mauna Kea 13,805 Parker's. Mana 3,505 Maunll Loa, about 13,600 Waipio Pali, west side at sea 1,200 Hualalai...... 8,215 Waipio among the Mountains 3,000 Kohala Mountain 5,505 Waimanu among the Mountains.. 4,noo Kilauea, VolCano House (by Waimanu at sea 1,600 barometer) 4,040 Average road throngh Hamakua.. 1,000 Kulani Hill, near Kilauea 5,650 Honokaa Store 1.100 FaUsof HiiJawe, Waipio 1,100 MauluaRoad...... 406 Waimea COlutHouse 2,669.6 Lower edge forest Hamakua 1,100 Sea Coast Bluffs'between Waipio Lower edge forest Hilo 1,200 and 'Waimanu, north coast 1,600 Hilo Bluffs on coast 100 to 400 Kalaieha, about.. . 6,450 Halai Hill, Hilo ;.. 345 Waipio,pr.li. east side at sea... 900 Austin's, Onomea '" ...... 411 Aahuwela, near Laumaia....•. 1,150 Lanpahoehoe Pali...... 385
FEET. FEET. KAUAI, )Vai~Ieale ; 5,000 I.LANAI. about. ..,: 3,400 1I1010kal, eStlmated .4,000 Kahoolawe. Tl'lgonometrlCal Sta- .l\loLOKINI. 165. tion of 1I10aula . 1,428 *In the salt-rnakin;: season It Is from one to two feet below sea le\'el; III tl,c rainy sea sou it somctlllles rises to fonr feet above sea lei·el. • • ..'
Comparative View of the Commerce of the Hawaiian Islands from 1844, giving the Totals for Each Year. ~pirits Haw. Hpg·s- lJom~8tic 1,'oreigll 'fotal CUS~ Trallshipment of all and none. !Shipping. Gallons teredVessels Year. Imports. Exports. Produce Pruduce toln ·House Galls. Galls. Lbs. Nat'IVess'!s MerCh'tvesselSIWh'lers ----- ~;xported. Exported. Receipts. Spm. 011. Wh.Oil. \Vb.Bone. .No. No. 'Jous. ~o. Consum'd ~o. 'Pons. ------18H ~ 350,347 $ 169,641 $ 10l,587 $ 60,054 $ 14,263 ...... , ...... 14 42. ....,... 165 15 j75 1845 546,941 269,710 202,700 67,010 25,189 ...... 14 4t ...... 163 ...... , 1840 59~,382 6~O.525 62,325 36,506 17 53 ...... 167 28 1,578 682,850 ...... "'3:271" 710,138 264,226 20:1,018 55.208 48,801 ...... 4 67 ' .... 167 67 2.160 1847 ...... " 3,443 1848 605.618 :100.370 26fi,819 33,551 55/>68 ...... 7 90 ...... 254 78 2,873 729;739 383.185 185,083 198,102 83.231 ...... 12 180 274 5,71' 1849 ";0;:i04' 8.251 ';'0' 1850 1,035.058 7.83,052 5&6.522 246,529 121.506 12 469 2:17 .. 3:539 1,82:1,821 691,231 309,828 .381,402 160.602 .. i04',362 ....90i).379 .• i)Oi',604' 7 446 87,H20 220 1],270 75 4,460 1851 14,148 1852 759.863 638,393 257,251 381,142 113,001 173,490 1;182,738 3.159,951 3 235 61,065 519 69 4,432 ],401,975 472,996 281.599 191.397 155,650 175.396 3,787,348 2,020,'264 7 211 59,451 535 18.203 56 3,829 1853 17.537 1854 1,590.837 585,122 274;029 311.092 152.125 1056.484 1,683,922 1,479,678 16 125 47.288 525 54 6.271 1.383,169 572,601 274,741 297,859 158,411 109,308 1.436,810 872,954 13 154 51.304 468 18,528 45 4.831 1855 14,7'79 1856 1,151,422 670,824 466,278 204,545 123,171 121,294 1,641,579 1,074,942 9 123 42,213 366 48 4,718 1,130,165 .645,526 423,303 222,222 140.777 176,:106 2,018,027 1,295 525 10 82 387 16,144 54 5,795 1857 14,6:17 1858 I,089,f.i60 78i,082 529,966 257.115 1l6,138 222.464 2,551.382 1,614,710 10 115 ·;g;m 526 5:1 5.249 1,655,558 931,329 628,575 302,754 132.129 156.360 1,668,175 1,147,120 5 1:'{l 59,241 ,549 14,158 65 6,366 1859 14,295 1,223,749 807,459 480,526 326,932 117,302 47,859 782.086 571,966 10 117 41,226 325 68 6,935 1860 9,676 1861 761.109 659,774 476.872 182,901 100,115 20,435 79,>.988 527,910 7 93 45,952 190 53 3.848 1862 998.239 838,424 586.541 251.882 107,490 12,522 460,407 193,920 6 113 48,687 73 8,940 58 5,645 1863 1,175,493 ] ,025,852 744,41:1 281,43D 122,752 56,6.37 675.344 337,04:1 6 88 42,930 ]02 7,862 44 5,497 1864 1,712,241 1.662,181 1,113.328 548,852 159,116 3:1,860 608,502 339.331 8 157 75,893 130 10,237 1 56 7,895 1865 1,946,265 1,808,257 1,521,211 287,045 1!12.566 42,841 I 578 593 337,394 7 151 67.068 180 1l.74o 65 10,170 1866 1,993,821 .,934,576 1.505.821 428,755 215,047 118,961 1.250:965 6lJ,178 3 150 60,628 229 12,833 74 11,664 ]867 1,957.410 1,679,
SELECTIONS FROM CUSTOM: HOUSE TABES, 1880. Customs Receipts. Import Dutle. Spirits $156,169 85 Warehou.e Stora~e... 501 8g Import Dutie. Goods '146,465 28 Buoys...... 404 00 Import Dutie. Bouded Good 28,729 76 Rej(i.try...... ;...... 8277" Wharfage...... 17,758 40 Samples...... 6 00 Blank. 10,660 bO _ Ho.pitalFnnd (pa••engers)...... 9,242 50 Houolulu $892.727 82 Storage..:...... 5,841 68 Kahului...... 5.684 87 Interest ;...... 3,646 50 HHo...... 8,804 94 Fecs : ::.. 3,2.34 ~9 Kealakekua...... 1500 Coasting Liceuse 2,547 11 Fines· and Forfeiture...... 1,80\! 12 Total 1880 $402,181 63 Keroseue St"rage...... 1,667 91 Total 1879 359,671 0" Pa88port :.... 1,428 00 ----- 11£. H. l<'und (seamen) 1,:J07 ·10 Increase 1880 $ 42,510 58 Light...... 98418
Value of Goods Paying.Duty Imported at Honolulu from United States, Pacitlc Port...... $422,013 18 Island. in North and South Pacitlc 561 18 United States, Atlantic Ports..... 41.86004 Sea, by Whaler.. 447 50 Great Britain 577,061 14 ----- Germany...... 44,777 17 Total Honolnlu $1,242,581 92 China...... 86.600 46 At Kahului 30,14800 Australia and New Zealand 00.72546 At HHo.. 12,791 58 l<'rance...... 15,112 81 --'-- Microne.ia aud Guano hlands.... :::,332 98 Total at all Port $1.285,521 60
Value of Goods and Spirits Bonded from United States, Pacific Port...... $1:.l6.513 59 Micronesia aud Guano Island•• ~. 1,003 69 United States, Atlantic Ports..... 11.:J44 21 ----- Great Britain...... 45.005 73 Total Honolulu $Z18.978 ::z Germany...... 3,911 82 At Hilo...... 595 33 China...... 34,528 80 ----- Australia and New Ze..and...... 9.86804 Total · $234,5735" France...... 1,71234
V8lue of Goods from the United. State:l Free by Treaty United Slates, Pacitlc Ports $1,456.851 371 At Kealakekua.... 80 00 United States, Atlautic Ports.. 203,810 18 . ------At Kahului...... 2!tJ,8!1554 Total. $2.026.557 90 At Hilo...... 72,920 81
VaIue of GOOM Imported. Free. Animals and Birda $ 1,16Z 85 Books, printed iu II'l'vaiian ; .. 368 93> Coal · ·· ..•···•··· .. 8&.5>14 2\l Diplomatic Represeutatlves · .. ':wi 70 Hawaiian Whalers . 19,668 47 Hi. JIlajesty · ·· . 2,71449
IIa,vuiian Government o 0 ••••••••• 0 0 . 26,159 40 Personal and Household Effects, (old and iu use) . 21,020 :1() 12,661 04 ¥l~~'tr~a;d ~~~d~~~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: :::::: 71 33 780 00 8,074 2'2 If.~¥l~;~:~~~~~~~~/:.X:.:.:.:·:·::>{~{{;~·;~~~·;~:·[[[[[[[[[[[[[iiiiirrmTi~ 1,4.38 01 165 :a;. Postage 8tamps .. 8.~J 00 Total. $ . 126,615 31>
Resume, Imports Hawaiian Islands. Goods Free by Treaty $ 2.026,007 90 IGoods and Spirits Free...... '126,615 31J Goods Payln" Dllty..... 1,2:l5.521 60 . ------Goods aud Spirits Bonded·..... :.la4.57:J 55 Total $ 3.673,268 41
• 16
IMPORTS: HONOLULU, HAWAllAN ISLANDS, 1880. Val. GOOd8 Val. GOOd8 Val. GOOd8 Paying .free in Total. fluty. by. Treaty. l1ond. Ale, Porter, Beer, Cider $ 19013 13 ...... $ 17,116 27 $ M.15940 Animals aud Birds .. 1:0',/() 24 SO,5m 61 81,583 85 Bnil
Discounts : $20,013 60 Damaged and short.. • 580 35 20.593 95 IMPORTS AT OTHER PORTS, HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. $3,137,22169 Value Paying Value Free by Value 'nBo d ------1----·--fluty. ---Treaty.._- ,n • Kahului .. $30,14800 $21~J.895 54 11110 . 12,791 68 72.920 81 $59533 Kealakekua . 8000
$3,546,o5.~ 05 Value of goods free...... 126,615 36 $3,673,268 41
• 17
A COMPARATIVE TABLE OF THE LEADING IMPORTS OF THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS..
. . 1872~ 1874. 1876. \ 1878. 1880.
Ale. Portcr. Brandy. Cider $29••8394 $25,491 .2 $19.70'2 34'$20.548 31 $36.159 40 Ar.i'''als and Birds...... &'57 50 21 60 261 40 18.69085 81,58'185 BUilding; ~laterials...... 2H.4"9 96 16.,86 14 21.5!J6 39 107,042 33 82.287 85 Clothing. Hats. Boots 1.0.411\ 18 151.61201 176,18841 208.596 63 226.16H !l6 Crockery and Glassware...... 12.672 ~ '6.38758 14.127 pi 17.9!1l 70 25.841 31 Drngs and Medicinc~...... 15.672 5ti 12,944 Hi 17.0'29!i!) 17.945 27 ::7,818 0& .; { Coltons 153.28t 2,120.,158 25 167,45147165.15913151.13460 g Linens...... 11.68:; 06 8,054 82 9.163 62 8.918.ll6 13.318 40 Cl Silks...... 18.!lO'229 9.502 18 12.712 18 23,270 ll6 25.68825 >t Woolens...... 49,67'1 08 26,776 21 40,867 gtJ 70.402 77 r:>O.37.!J ~'a Q ~Iixture8.... 24J,7U.) 97 25,8!J496 25,..121 31 37,73781 32,E8944 Fancy (JOOd8, ~nJlinery, &c..... 4\15006 ;-;4,67655 5:3,11881 53,752, 01 fj6.6;~)7 71 Fish. (dry and salt)...... 19.42060 28.521:Jt) 17,8!11 81 47,206 95 35.2.6 72 l<'lonr.... 58,U:n'4 61.72'278 54.907 8!1 102.728 97 100,88817 Frnits. (fresh)..· · · ;. 2,12011 2.:Ja:! 38 2,U30 ll7 3.44328 4.15150 Fllrniture...•. ~ .•.. ;, ...... •• ...... 22,77550 14,956 77 27~662 93 49,482 2'2 73,~45 83 Pm'8 und I\·ory...... 738 50 '1:~1500 62 "2:,GU::> 73 h9:36"W . Grain and Feed.,...... Ill.US7 17 12.7ll9 55 14.518 89 34;6\)5 61 73.ll51 15 Grcceries and Provi8ion8..•••.•••..• ~. 109,!JOH 6:1 9:3,h'"8587 90,46612269,57350 37"9.7'9440 Guns and Gun Materials... 2,1.6 59 6.\JU2 46 5,529 61 10.4.', 91 12.910 ,8 Gnn Po"'der ~ ~ :...... 1.78r. ()(j 1.446!10 ,2.71435 3.51439 5.a1731 Hardware. Agric'l Implement., Tools. H9.S8554 63.161 8:1 10:;.828 18 21O.2W·58 215.088 33 Iron. Steel, &c...... 20.561 77 ZJ.26U 81 20.878 35 ;'6.6;;4 20 34.841 78 Jewelry, Plate. Clock8...... 20.R22!18 19.!)51 59 21.m241 34.!12599 74.447 42 Leather...... 7,2U112 5.383 19 ~.6S(j 61 2i'.!)65 39 27,5S~ 29 Lumber...... 69.70741i 48.09845 U8.822 21 212.852 71 221,21218 Machinery ; 36.8c1O f>4 19.1a.'i9r. 37,331 51 417.21173225'\124.0 Matches...... 6.677 li9 9.:J70 52 5.5!8 S8 4.45\1 11 8,191 2tl lIln.ical Instruments...... 5.r.·1'2 9" 2.141 1,8 8.492 94 10.389 32 11.ll24 67 Naval litore8 ..;...... 31.687 44 35.4aO 28 a5.587 28 r,s.414 47 67.4\18 39 Oil., (cocoanut. kerosene, whale, &c).. laa.48' 10 44.89G la 78.681 18 97,686 51 75,8820'3 Opinm...... :]2.328 r.7 4.31695 : .. Paint and Paint'Jils...... 1\1.816 a9 12.156!17 18.;'18 m Zl.So:1 16 40.709 56 Perfumery and Toilet Articles... 8.ml C,8 [j.m5 25 13.0-24 5f; 11.057 36 13.651 61 Saddlery, Carringes. &c.... 3'.\)(J904 17,ori2 48 81.5:)6 95 7G.441 86 74.4S6 69 5a.!)~8 Shooks and C,mtainer13.. :17,f)4203 .36.948 02 9U i 5O.1BS 'i0 72 1257 95 Spirits...... 30.850 r.,r.., 82.975 6:1 31.914 911 W.166 61 81.182 84 STationery and Books.... ~6.0j9 58 2t,=-320 24 31..429 -81 29,982.07 45.82H 24 'fea.. 8.572 50 4,I:J707. 7..228 2'2 2iJ.419;'5 14.Z17 84 Tin and Tinware...... 5.186 45 1.480 3:; 5.U14 87 5.471 86 6.2V6 80 Tobacco. Cigars. &c.. 41 \10568 26.125 !r2 57.475 ();J 68,01871 106,111 ~O Whalebone...... :J·).2o:J W &:.78281 38.134'50j 15.760 Or. . Wine.: (Ihrht): c. 8.~H8 17 7.4280" !1.47,; 87 r..294·18 10.72768
Quick Passages of Ocean Steamers.
. .lliles. Steamer. Date. d. h. m. New York to Qnecn~town ~,H30•• ~ ~ ••••Arizona - ~ Sept; 1881 7 8 32 New York to Q,neeustuwn 2.H50 Britunnic Dec., 1876 71246 New York to (~l1eenstown 2.U50 City of Berlin Oct.• 1875 71" 48 ~l1ee"stown to New York 2.!I,'O City of Berlin Sept., 1875 71802 New York to Qu~en~t()wn.•. ....2JI50 Rlls8ia Jnly, 1869 8 630 Queenstown to New York 2.950 Rllssla ; June, 1869 8 ·258 Liverpool to Ncw York 8.030 Hu8Sia 1~6n 9 812 Philaclelphia toQ.neenstown 8.010.. ; lIlinois Dec., 18.r. 81813 New York 1.0 Havana I.Z25 City of Vera Cruz Aug., 18.6 4 04a Jlavallll to New York 1.22:; City of New York May, 18,5 :J 10 7 New York to Aspinwall : 2.BUO HenrY Channcey 1875 614 .. Aspinwall to New York 2.300 Jlenry Chauncey 1875 6 530 ~an Francil5co to Yokohama 4.76.1 City of PekJng - 15 9 .. Yokohama to ,San Francisco 1.761 ; Oceanic 1876 14 18 .. San Fraucisc(l to Jlono!"lu ~.1ll0 Cily of ~ydney 1880 614 .. HonoJuhl to San Franct8co3 .. : ..;l,101J.. ,. ..ZeaJundia - ..Aug.....18Sl. 62330.. 18
SELECTIONS FROM CUSTOM HOUSE TABLES, 1880.
Domestic !:%ports, Honolulu SU/l:ar, lbs..•..••••.••••••••••••.•.• 63,584,811 Hides, pcs . 22,~45 Mlliasses, galls.. ••....••.. •.•• ••.• 198,355 Calf SkinS, pcs . 80 Rice, lb 6,469,840 Tallow, lbs .. 19,169 Colfee, lbs...... •.... 99,508 Pulu, lbs . 44,846 Salt, to"..... 14\4 Wool, lbs .. 381,316 1'01, bbls :.... 30 Whale 011, galls . 14,6G2 Fungos, lbs...... 14,801 Rum, galls . 84ll Bananas, bnchs.. 19,164 Betel Leave., bxs . 2203 Goat Skins, pcs ; 31,013 Sheep Skins, pcs . 2,230 Whalebone, lbs.. 10,977 1
Total Value Domestic Produce !:%ported Total Valne Domestic Produce Exported, Honolulu $4,497,937 04 Tota..l Value Domestic Produce Exported, Kahului..... 111,009 22 Total Value Domes~ic l'roduce Exported, ,HIIQ.,. 187,498 14 Furnished as supplIes to Merchantmen as per estimate...... 59,700 00 " •• National Vessels, as per estimate...... 3:t,OOO 00 Total••••••: $4,889,194 40
Total ofall !:%ports, Hawaiian Islands. Value of Foreign Goods Exported $ 79,2')0 47' Valne of Dome.tlc Goods Exported...... 4,700,444 40 Value of Domestic Goods furnished as supplies (estimated).. 9'2,7r,o 00. ----- Total. '" $4,968,444 87'
Passenger Statistics-Arrivals and Departures, Port of Honolulu, 1880
CHINESE.
FROM AND TO.
San Francisco : i596 155 f045 "80 246 --; W ---; Oregon and Washington 'l'errltory...... 16 3 23 4 6 . Victoria, B. C...... China and Jap'In 2UlU 60 528 t Australia and New Zealand... ..•. 104 15 75 7' . Islands and Ports In the Pacific ; . 758 103 52 7...... ::: ~~,lrao;t~~np~~~~~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::, ~ :::: :::: :::: Western Islands.. 196 132.... I::::. :::: :::: ::::. , Totals 2080 46S 1202 -gg 2442 m 622 --;, Total arrivals for Ihe year 559:1 Total departures for the year 1928 Excess of arrlvals : 3665 Passengers in Transitu From Ansi.ralia and New Zealand, bound to San Francl.co 1205 .' From San Francisco, bound to Anstralia and New Zealand: 694 ',From San ·Franci~co; bound to lIongkOllg ; ; ,. .. .,0
Compara~ive Table of Principal Domestic Exports, Port of Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands, for the. First. Second, and Third Quarters, 1881, as compared with the same periods or" 1880.
r:n t::: "0 t2 "tI OJ t:= u. g. ?o " " !'" ~'I§l " " ...." ~ ~'" .- e- ••'" '" "" ~. " .~ ~ 1t ~' ;: " .'""'" Total Value• ~ ,. ?' ~ e- .' ".,. ~ ?' 20 . . TABLE OF PRINCIPAL DOMES'.l'IC EXPORTS FOR 1880. Port of Honolulu, Showing the Country to which Exported.
Q :..!<: ~.~ ~b:I ~. Q t:1"t1"t1 ~~ "tI::' ;;>- ~ . c" ~:::::::: " ";;l~.. ... ;:j' 1:>' ~F"$.. ""I:' ~" ~.'" -;;;;".""" f' ~ F~ !'t>, ,," Sug;:-ib~~==:'-.~ 63.417.00Z = =1 10,670 300 63427972 Molasses. galls...... 186,8~, 8.466 1.488 ' 1.556 '198:335 Rice. lbs ·...... 6.434.740'...... 6.000 9.100 6.469.840 . Calfee. lbs.... 75.Z,)'Z 19,128 1 150 5.008 99.508 ~ Salt. tons...... HYz U Poi. bbls ;...... 30 30 Fuugus.lb8 ;...... i4:8i>i 14.601 ~anau.as.• bnch5;; ;...... 19.141 2:1...... 19.164 Goat Skms, pcs.. 31013 3101', Calf Skins. pcs...... 80 • 8U P~lu. lbs ,...... 15,633 2'1,208 41,846 ".001, lbs.... 381.316...... 381.:116 HIdes. pcs..... ZZ,945,...... ZZ !14.j 'fallow, Ibs: ;...... 19.169 :.... 19:169 Betel Leave,". bxs :...... 22:, ZZ:, Whalehone.lbs.. :...... 10.917...... 19.977 Rum: galls...... I...... 840 810 Whale Oil. galls...... t4.6r.2 . 14.662 Sheep Skin·s. pes...... 2.230 2.'1'30
.SUGAR CROPS OF THE WORLD, IN TONS. REVISED UP TO LATEST Dl\.'1'E.
COUNTRIES. 1880-81. 1878-79.
Europe (Beet) .. 1,630,000 . 1.40:).900 Cuba.: ; : . 480,000 ..4.;'000 Porto Rico .. ~ '. 4:],000 5;,000 Barbados : : 30.00] 45:000 Jamaica•...... ~ ~ •..••...•..•...... •• 17.000 IH.OOO St. Lucia : : ; .. 14.000 15000 ~uti~U" and St. Kitts.. : . 16.800 22;100 St. ymcent .. 19.000 20,000 Grenado1 .. 6.000 CO.OOO 9,000 10,000 rl';,~,~~~;;;i'.::::::::::::::: ::: ::::::::::::::::::::: 4.000 ·4.000 Dominica .. : ~ .. ~ ~. 6,000 6,000 5,000 5.000 ~~;\~~.~:::::::::::::: ::::::::: :::::::::::::: ::: ::: 3,000 3.000 'rl'inldad . 35,000 45.():1() , Delnerara .. ; 65,000 '60.11OO Berbiee...... •...... •... 40.1J(J(J 33.. 11() I Guadaloupe .. 45000 46,000 Martinique .. 30:000 30,000 St. Croix...... •...... • 10,000 10.11OO Brazil .. 150,000 180,000 Peru . 55.000 55,000 Louisiana and Texas .. 1(0.000 8B,11OO United States (North) ; . 1tlauritin8 .~.~ ~ . 120.000 'Wl:r«/ Reunion .. 26.000 22.000' British India..; ; ; . 40,OllO 40.000 Madras ; .. 40,000 30,000 Singapore and Penang : -. ~ . 40.~OO Java .. ioo:ooo' 217,000 China ·· .. ,o~~:~ 0100.000 Manila. Cebu; aud Iloilo .. 181.700 Australia ; ;. 25.(J()O 22.000 Natal (Cape) .. 6,000 5,000 Hawaiian Islands t . 40.000 31,790 E:O:l'pt '; j : , •••••••••• ; •• .28,000 40.000 "About. 21
THE PUBLIC DEBT. ('<'rom Report of Minister of Finance .to Legislative A8sembly, 1880,)
The Debt on the 1st of April, 1878, was $444,800 Amount paid dDring the past fiscal period :.... 79,800 Balance of Debt of 1878 $365,000 Borrowed by authOrIty of Act of September, 1876...... 23,900 Present Debt, April 1, 1880 , .$388,900 The iuterest charges on the above are: T~elve per cent. per annum on $ 41,000 Nme per cent. per annum on · 3<»,200 Seve1,l per c~nt. per annum on :...... 43,000 Bearmg no mterll8t-Bund due not called for :...... 100 Debt as shown above $388,900 Of this'there will be due and payable during the current fiscal period $ 89,000
National Debts, Expendip.re, and. Commerce, Per Capita..
Debt Annu'!l Annuat Annual COUNTRY. ~er EpJ!,.eJfe~are Import8 Exports Head. Per Head. Pel' Head. --"-----'------_.------_._- Argentine Republic...... $ 39 07 $12 04 $20 31 825 66 Austria-Hungary...... 5 7:l 1 63 7 19 5 70 Au.lria proper...... 65 26 9 29 Hungary pr0per...... ~~ g~ r:~ 16 5311 4606 ~~l~l~~::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1004 258 330 208 Brazil...... 36 43 6 70 871 10 31 Canada...... 11 16 6 69 2587 2494 Chili...... 2J 49 10 66 1~ 21 1795 Colombia...... 5 22 94 235 338 Denmark...... To 19 6 83 2631 1795 Ecuador...... 20 20 2J 36 877 451 Ezypt :...... 8582 1042 542 1294 . France...... 127 2:l 14 07 2417 2605 German Empire...... 70 315 21 54 14 21 Prussia...... 10 55 6 3'3 ..... Great Britain and Ireland...... 114 62 12 35 5!ll1 4059 Greece...... 2750 535 1649 1030 Hawaiian Islands...... 6 71 1893 6:335 8568 India, British...... 3 01 1 42 9:l 1 48 Italy..... 71 94 1012 967 885 Mexico...... 42 6.3 2 68 313 841 Netherlands...... 10121 11 37 71 27 6770 " OVERLAND DISTANCES, ~AWAIIAN ISLANDS. ISLAND OF OAHU•., From Honolulu Post Office, to: MILES MILES Waikiki Oro,·e 3 Waimanalo ; ·12 Diamond Head 4% Kaneohe Plantation...... 9%, Coco Head 11 Kaalaea Plantation....•...... •... 15 Ewa Church 11 Kualoa Ranch...... 19%, Waialda Church 28%' Punaluu Rice Plantation.. ; •...•.• 26 Waianae Church, Pokai....••.•..• 30 Laie Settlement 32 Nuuanu Pali. : 6 Kahnku 38 ISLAND OF KAUAI. Ft·o", Lihue to: MILES From Koloa to: lIIILES Waialua Falls...... 5 Hanapepe...... 1 Koloa...... 10 Waimea...... 15 Kealia.... 14 From Lihue to: Kilauea...... 2'J Hanalei.... 30 Mana Point.... 10 ISLAND OF MAur. F"om Lahaina to: lIIILES From Kalepolepo to: MILES ~ Kaanapali...... 4 Makee's 10 Wailuku...... 20 Makawao I3%, ]t',-om Kahului to: From Haiku Landing to: :Wailuku P. 0...... 3 Makawao...... 1 Makawao.... •..•...... •..• 11 From Makawar, SaY"e's Store, to: Hana, through Hamakua ;... 45 Summit of Haleakala 13 From lJ'aill/ku to: Pt'om Makena 10: na17 IIepa epa ; . 10 Makee's Plantation... .. 3 l\Iakee's Plantation...... 20 From Ulupalakua to: Makawao.... 14 Hana, via Kaupo 45 ISLAND OF HAWAII. F"om Hilo to: MILES Fron.t Laupahoehoe to: lIIILES Kaupakuea Plantation 10 Hilo... 30 Volcano 3O~ From Waimea to: Summit Cr'\ter, via Kilauea 6Ii Waiohinu 65 Summitof Maunakea,viaKalai- F"om Kawaihae to: eha .. 4Q Hilo, via Hamakua . 62 'Vaimea 11 Hilo, >ia Kalaieha . 54 Kailua ' 30 Kohala Plantation 17 From Kealakekua to: From Kohala Plantalio,. to: Kailua .. 13. Waiohinu . 48 Waimea 23 Summitof Hualalai. . 25 F"om Waimea to: Pron. JJ'aiohinu to: Waipio Valley 10 Keaiwa...... 24 Laupahoehoe 30 Summit Crate!;, via Kapapala.. 61 23 DISTANCES ON HAWAII. THROUGH PUNA, FROM T,HE HILO COURT HOUSE. PREPARED BY J. 1Il. LIDGATE. Hilo to: Hilo to: MILES MILES Keaau. 9t Opihikao ., , 29t ~f:akuu 15 Kaimn ; 37 Sand Hills Nallawale 18! Kalapana.;': ;...... 38 Punla 21! I Pauan ; 45 Kapoho 23 Volcano House 61 Kapohoiki-Rycroft's 26! TO VOLCANO. Hilo to: Hilo (0: MILES . MILES Edge onVoods...... 4! Kanekoo upper HllIf Way Cocoanut Grove : ; 7t HonSC$ :: 16 Throngh Ki Swamp...... 9t Upper Woods 24 Haweln's Half Way House.. 14 Volcano Bouse 30t THROUGH HILO. Hilo to: IHilo to: lIILE iii MILE S Honolii B~idge...... 2.5 H0I?-0hina Churc~ 17.8 Paukaa MIll...... 2.9 Walkaumalo Bnd~e 18.8 Papaikou-office...... 4.7 Pohakupuka Bridge 21.0 Onomea Church. 6.9 Maulua Gulch 22.0 Kaupakuea Cross Road 10.7 Kaiwilahilahi Bridge 24.6 Kolekole Bridge : 14.3 Lidgate's House 26.1 Hakalau, east edge gulch 15.0 Laupahoehoe Church 26.7 Umauma Bridge , : 16.0 . . THROUGH HAMAKUA. Laupahoehoe Church to: Laupahoehoe Church to: MII~ES MILES Hinds' ;...... 0.7 Paauhau Church ; 16'.3 Bottom Kawalii Gulch...... 2.o. :Mill's Store, Honokaa 18.0 Ookala, Manager's House... 4.0 Honokaia Churgh 20.5 Soper's...... 4.9 KuaikaluaGulch 22.0 Kealakaha Gulch...... 6.0 Kapulena Church 23.0 KaalaChurch...... 6.8" Waipanihua 21.3 Kukaiau Gulch...... 8..0 Bicknell's 25.8 Catholic Church, Kainehe.. 9.0 .stream at.Kukuihaele 26.0 Notley'st.Paa,uilo 10.5 Ed/?c Waipi? ; 2~.5 Kanmoall Bndge 12.5 Bottom '\VmplO 21.0 Bottom Kalopa Gulch 14.0 ,\Vaimallu (approximate) 32.5 R. G. Lyman's, Paauhau 15.2 Kukuihaele to;' Kukuihaele to: Waimea (approximate)...... 10.5 Gov't Road to Paauhau Mill 1.0 Gov't Road to Bamakua Gov't Road to Pacific Sugar 1\Iill. 1.0 Mill, Kukuihaele . 0.7 Kohala District- Kawaihae to '\Vaimea 11.0 ., Puako : :.... 5.0 " .' Hind's, Kohala·(approximate).: 14.0 'Waimea to Kohala Plantation (appraximate) 25.0 24 POST OFFICE STATISTICS. Inter-Island letters passing through the General Post Office, Honolulu, from 1864 to 1881. f!'OREIGNERB. HAW .A][AK~. YEAR. Letters Letters Letters Lette" Received F"rwurded Received Forwarle _. _._- -- d From April 1, 1864, to April 1, 1865 15,594 13,652 7,650 9,570 From April 1, ISo:), to April I, 1866 21,642 14,886 14;'179 16,078 From April 1, ]866, to April 1, 1867 23,282 16,607 20,082 22,821 From April 1, ]867, to Aprill, 1868 25,873 19,013 23,733 25,535 From April 1, 1868, to April 1, 1869 27,543 19,547 25,920 2-5,986 From April 1, 1869, to April 1, 1870 27,433 19,806 25,233 24,499 From April 1, 1870, to April 1, 1871 29,147 19,118 28,.596 28,091 From April 1; 1871, to April 1, 1872 24,655 23,333 26,364 35,715 From April 1, 1872, to April 1, 1873 27,717 24,199 41,602 4],340 From April 1, 1873, to April 1, 1874 38,313 25,007 45,816 44,233 From April 1, 1874, to April 1, 1875 35,545 23,488 39,232 39,027 From April 1, 1875, to April 1, 1876 38,166 23,56! 35,630 44,233 From April 1, ]876, to April ], 1877 36,349 29,558 32,2-50 49,977 . From April 1, 1877, to April 1, 1878 42,409 37,09! 33,472 52,181 From April 1, 1878, to April 1, 1879 57,907 47,957 43,605 67,153 From April 1, ]879, to April 1, 1880 72,953 63,936 46,496 69,489 From April 1, 1880, to April 1, 1881 85,6!9 76,255 55,170 83,757 The number of letters received from, and sent to foreign ports, from April 1st, 1870, to April 1st, 1881, have been as follows: Year. Letters Received. Letter. Forwarded. 1870-]871. 2.5,811 24,994 1871-1872 26, 772 ; 23,713 1872-1873 2.5,020 0' 25,89.5 ,1873-187! 26,679 25,481 1874-1875 26, 112 28,737 1875-187(; 31,742 ; 31,650 1876-1877 33,244 35,780 1877-]878 .42,465 44,505 1878-1879 ' ' 40,682 43,372 1879-1880 , 50,352 : 57,209 1880-1881. 70,682 69,375 COMPARATIVE TABLE OF RAIN-FALL F'R01\[ 1874 TO 1881 INCLUSIVE. RECORDED BY W. W. IIALr" NUUANU VALLEY, HONOLULU. 1874 J87:i J876 J877 1878 1879 18S0 ISSI ------J anl.1ury ••••••••••••••• 10.00 4.55 3.73-- 3.24 .26 13.09 4.01 2-19 F ebrnary...... /SAl 2.92 4.73 2.00 1.01 3.15 7.05 4.68 ]Ilarch...... 4.16 3,Sf> 6.4-3 .94 .2'J .49 4.72 650 A pdl...... ; ...... 1.2S 4.22 3.58 3.41 3.08 4.13 3.82 3,86 ~, ,ay ...... 1.14 4.16 5.87 7.27 .nG 3.59 0.75 3.04 J nne...... ••••.••.•••. 2.51 2.44 107 1.14 3.00 1.80 2.03 3.04 J uly ...... 2.40 .H5 1.42 227 2.13 2.8!l 739 3.10 .Allgust•.•••.•....••..• 1.00 1.09 2.58 1.19 4.76 3.17 l.U7 3.48 S eptember...... 2.58 3.11 .!it 2.64 1.71 1.46 255 4.48 october...... •...... • 5.50 1.50 .37 1.63 2.62 ' 2.46 1.~8 1.40 N ovenJbcr...... 15.67 5.78 "3 J15 2.24 1.80 U8 8.62 .... D eeomber ...... 3.30 4.46 292' 3.43 2.35 10.71 2.2\l .... '''1 _.------Total...... :. 52.95 39.04- 36.56 32.30- 23.91 51.92 --47.36 .... ·. 25 INDIGENOUS ORNAMENTAL PLANTS. WRlTTlllN FOR THill' ANNUAL BY 1. M. LYDGATE. Wlfli:N the pioneers of civilization left the shores of New Englund for these distant, and unknown Islands, they naturally brought with them the roses and honeysuckles, the pansies and fuchsias, to whi~h they had been accustomed, and around which many pleasant mem ories doubtless lingered. That was long ago, but New England roses, honeysuckles and pansies have held their own, and have been re inforced by a long list of exotic brethren from there and elsewhere; so that to-day our gardens are as thoroughly foreign as our tastes and habits, if not more so. Now, I have no idea of suggesting that we dispense with any of the many beautiful exotic strangers, but merely wish to claim for a few of our own indigenous plants a place in our gardens alongside of their more cultivated and aristocratic brethren. I feel the less hesitation in doing so because I am convinced that their merits and beauties are largely unknown· to our lovers of flowers, and that once known they wilf not be forgotten. It must be remembered in favor of our ownplants that they have the advantage over exotics, of being at horne, and are therefore acclimated, , which is no small consideration, ,for in how many cases do our im ported roses, fuchsias, violets, daisies, etc., fail to grow or flower. Our native plants also have the advantage-if such it be-of being unique, as, in many cases, they are not found elsewhere in the world, and are very little known to the majority of the Island residents. Perhaps the most beautiful of our plants, and decidedly one of the most beautiful of Begonias, is that remarkable one which has been named in honor of. Dr. Hillebrand-Hillebrandia-which is to be found on Kauai, Maui and l\'lolokai, ,in moist places or clinging to ' the spray-blown face of a water-fall, a blaze of the most delicately tinted pink, fading into a ,cream:}'. white. The growth of the plant, size, etc., is much like that of the common semperflorens, but the leaves are larger, angular, and thinner in texture, while the 1!owers are larger and much more delicate. It grows from good sized blilbs, and under favorable circumstances may be found in large,spreading clumps. I have no doubt that, with a little care and attention, it might be reduced to cultivation, and become a very valuable addi tion to our already large list of 'l.'ropical Begonias. A plant, however, of undoubtedly easy cultivation is the Hawaiian Caper or Pilu of the natives. It grows in the dry rocky districts, a semi-scandent, low bush, with rich green leaves and large creamy , white, many stamened flowers opening in the evening and filling the air with a rich fragrance. It grows easily from seed. A plant that is worthy of being much better known, both on account of its beauty and oddity, is the Lobeliad, that· has been named in 4 26 .. honor of Mr. 'W:.T. Brigh~n1"";'Bri!Jham,il1'·in8iglti8. I cannot better describe it than as being like a.cabbage, with the heart cut out, and the space filled in, with long, ,tubular 'flaring fiowers, creamy white, and very fragrant-the whole being elevated on a stem of fi ve or six teet. It is found onl~' at Italawao, on J\Iolokai, ·on the face of the Pall back of.tlie Leper Settlement. It seeds abundantly, and might easily be propagated by means of them. ", . "Nor is this the only LobeUad worthy of culitvation. We have at least ascore of species, that,with th~ir delicate reed-like stalks, erowned by a head of long graceful leaves, and clusters of pendent 'flowers, would give a highly tropical effect in a garden. The~e is one in particular which is very showy, the finger-shaped 'pink flowers behig arranged like a mindelabra, on radiatiilg branches. They are all striking however, and niany of them showy. ' The Gardenia, orC~pe Jessamine of cultivation, is well known and justly prized, 'but we have two of our own that are, 'on thewhole, quite equal to the cultivated ones. One of them grows to be a fine, large-leaved tree, bearing milk-white flowers an inch or more in diameter, and possessing all, the rich and delicate fragrance of its more courted brethren.' The other is a smaller tree, or bush, with somewhat smaller fiowers, which, however, are more generously pro .duced, and retain all the fragrance. This species I have seenonly on the dry plains of Lanai, though it is said to come also from Nuuanu. .Both bear large seeds. The well known Ohia Lehua, of several varieties-Metrosidros 'whicll forms our principal forest tree,. is a fine specimen, combining, as it does, beauty of flowers with dignity an(fsize. The flo,vers shade from light yellow, through orange and rose pink, to a'deep crimson, eomin.g out in large clusters of many stamened little brushes..The foliage also shades from a bright green to one that seemed in the dis tancealmost black, giving a sombre lool{ to our Hawaiian forest. Beingin some sense the national fiower of the Islands, it deserves eomnmn cultivation, to which it lends itself, easily, as it' seeds pro- fuselyaucl grows without difficulty. ' Even more showy, either in flower or fruit, is the Ohia ai-'Eugcnia -with its brilliant mass of carmille flowers, clothing the 'otherwislJ bare stem's~ and, later on, carpeting the ground with color. Almost ~s prodigal of color are the trees when the dark red fruit ripens, and hangs, 'Clinging butfrailly in large, juicy, tempting clusters. ,Nor is the tree and its fruit merely orI}amental, especially since the ladies have discovered how to make such delicious sweet pickles out of the .latter. ' 'rhe, sl'eds,grow easily and require no care. The Cyrtandras, of which there are several species, are qUite pretty with their snowy white: waxen flowers, half to three-quarters of an' inch in .. diameter. The seeds are very small, and it is doubtful whether the most beautiful species would take kindly to cultivation. 27 Among climbers, we have the Nuku'iwi-Strongylodon-bear1ng long clusters'of bright crimson flowers, shaped much like the bill of a bird, whence its name, and large beans, known a's sea bcans. .. We have several pretty Convolvuli, of which the finest is the Good Night-Ipomea bono nox or Koali of the natives. The flower is a long slender tube, with a flaring mouth, about three inches in diam eter, creamy white and" delicately fragrant, openiI~g at sundown. It is the queen of the Convolvuli, and grows readily from seeds. The Ipomea palmata, with digitate leaves and light purple flowers in clusters, also opening in the eyeiling, is very pretty, and of easy growth. \Vhen the Smilax is made so much of .in European and ,other gardens,.we should not be neglectful of the tine species we have with •shiny, heart-shaped leaves and large ball-like clusters of fragrant straw-colored flowers. Thc most striking of all our plants, and that which gives to our forest,itsthoroughly tropical appearance, is the ie ie of the natives, It is a scandent sort of a climber, twining around the large trees and ascending to .a great height. The narrowly lance shaped servate leaves are collected in heads, giving it a plume like appearance.• The large crimson bracts of the flowers and thc slightly darker oblong bunches'of ripe fruit, add a brilliance of color quite in keeping with the strange character of the plant. It grows vcry easily from slips, requiring merely moisture and shade. A very, similar,looking plant, though a tree, is the Halapepe-a Dracena-which looks very much like a Yucca, and bears large pen dent clusters of bright lemon-colored flowers, a foot long or more, and orange-coloredJruit.· Other liliaceou8 plants arethe commonla, 'which is already cultivated to some extent, and the Painiu, which most visitors to the v.olcano will remember in connection with the silken 'Heaths made from it. It is quite showy either in'flower or fruit. Ofour hundred or more varieties of ferns it would be difficult to say which could be left out as unworthy oIa place in cultivation. They are all beautiful, and all those having a distinct root stock are of easy cultivation, as they may be taken bodily from the woods anl planted out intheirJull glory. The gigantic pUll' ferns-, which form so strik ing a feature of our forest, especially deserve a _place in every garden, and might ,protect a vast number of our more delicate species growing at th~ir base. I have not mentioned the Kukui, the lCoa, the Breadfruit, and the TViliwili, feeling,that they are already' well known and fairlyappre ciated; and were the common taro not so abundant, I would suggest it as worthy of cultivation here as well as clsewhere, for its tropical beauty, and as it is, one or two of those gigantic specimens bearing leaves four or five feet iq diameter, might be includedin a garden, as well as the distinct form known as Api. 28 Many others might be mentioned, but these are suffieient to proye that there is something in our flora to admire, and something worth cultivating. BITS OF UNWRITTEN HISTORY. llY H. L. SHELDON. . It is not a little to be regretted that, among the foreigners who re sided on these Islands during the reign of Kamehamehathe Conqueror and in the decadesimmediately following his death, there were none of sufficient intelligence or thoughtfulness to haye put on record at the time the events of interest that occurred, and the traditions of the past that were current among the people. It is true that the Spaniard Francisco de Paula Marin, subsequently to the King's death, kept a diary at Honolulu, but though a curiosity in itsway it is scarcely more • than a history of his own daily life among the Hawaiians, which w'as uneventful enough. The missionaries who came in the year following the death of Kamehameha, were, during the first few years, very en grossingly engaged in the labor of acquIring thelanguage of the people, .and subsequently, with but one notable exception (that of the Rey. Sheldon Dibble). tliey appear not to have taken any pains to gather and preserve the legends andfloating tales which they may have heard among the people respecting eventsin the more or lessremote past of the Islands. The present'writer also blames himself, to-day, for not having committed to paper at the time the substance of many inter esting conversations with an aged and intelligent foreigllerliving at Kailua, Hawaii, in the years 1!l50-51, respecting the first Kameha meha and the Hawaiians of his times. Samuel Rice was a native of Springfield, Mass., and left a ship at Kealakekua, of which he was blacksmith, about the year 1815, and beeame the King's "armourer." He died at Kailua in 1853, at an advanced age, much respected by na tivesand foreigners"-he had .been °a member of the late Rev. Asa Thurston's church for many years. , The writer's memory, aided by that of others who have heard the same story, must suffice for the following bits of unwritten history. Some time during the early part of the year 1818, a small ship ar rived at Kealakekua Bay, carrying a flag that had n~ver before been seen at the Islands, and which was new to the few foreigners residing on Hawaii at thetime. The·name of the ship, "Victory," was painted on her stern. The crew, a wild and unl,empt looking set, spoke Span ish for the most part, but the chief in comm.and was an Englishman, named Turner. He was quite reticent as to the business of his voyage, 29 where from or whither bound, and said be bad put into port merely' for water and fresh provisions. These necessaries, by Kamehameha's orders, were soon provided in abundance, and the crew thereafter had a run on shore. Day after day they roamed over the then well culti vated and thickly populated district of Kona, mixing freely and lodg ingwith the inhabitants, whose hospitalitytostrangers (unfortqnately) lmew no bounds. The sailors had rum, and gold and silver galore, and among the latter were crucifixes, beads, candelabras, cups, and'various • Roman Catholic Church utensils and ornaments. Many of these, in the way of barter or as presents, passed into the possession of the natives, whohowev~ras yet had but small knowledge of the value of the precious metals. Among the foreigh residents there was a good , deal of speculation asto the real characterof the" Victory's" 'crew and the nature of their voyage, and it was shrewdly suspected thatthe ship bad been run away ,with, and that her crew, were simply a party of buccaneers from the" Spanish Main," as the coast of South America was then called. These suspicions were confirmed by hints dropped by some of the strangers while in their cups. Meantime the sailing of the ship was delayed, from the fact that her lawless crew could not be induced to leave the society of their native friends on shore, where they were living in a para.dise of sensuality. It. was in vain that Turner, the Englishm,an, who though nominally the master was prob ably only the navigator, urged the men to go on board and proceed on the voyage to-somewhere-they were fast in the chains of the syrens. • Thus months passed; until one morning a Spanish'war brigfrom Chile arrived at Kealakelma, and her boats immediately boarded and took possession qf the "Victory." The captors fonnd an empty prize,'for Turner and his gang had fled to the shore, first stripping the vessel of valuables that could be easily removed. The commander of the vessel, who from his name-Buchard'-"wasprobablya 'Frenchman; commu nicated with Kamehameha and informed bim that the crew of the "Victory" were pirates, who, during the war of revolution in Chile and Peru (which States were then in the struggle for independence from Spain), had pillaged a town on the coast and sacreligiously stripped the churches of their holy furniture. The King wa!f, in his way, It firm upholder of religious forms and usages, and consequently he readily acceded to Buchard's request and sent out couriers among the people, and in a short time all the buccaneers, with the exc;eption of Turner and the first officer, a Spaniard, were captured in their hid ing places and taken on board the war vessel in irons. The greater part of the.chl1rch ornaments were also recovered and delivered to Buchard by order of Kamehameha. The whole transaction proves the King to bavebeen'a'rnan of extraordinary'prudence andcharacter for a born savage i in fact, one of nature's noblemen. Turner managed to escape to Oahu, and was supposed to have got away from the Islands on some 'passing vessel. His first officer, the 30 .Spaniard, wasnot so lucky. He was heard of at 'Waiinea, Kauai, a§ living under the protection of the principal chief of that Island. After Bucllard had secured all the buccaneers on Hawaii and recovered the most' <..>f the plunder, he took leave of Kamehameha and sailed far Kauai in quest of the Spanish mate. Some delay occurred in getting' • possessionof the man, as the Chief oC\Vaimea at first disclaimed any knolvl':idge of his whereabouts; but 'a message from Kamehameha, who had been acknowledged by the Kauai chiefs' as King of all the groul'>-led 'at once to the production of the culprit. Buchard held a "drurn~head" cOLIri martial on the sand beach of'Vaimea, and with a sharfshrift-most probably none at all-the second in command of the" Victory" was then urid'there hanged and his body buried on the spot:' The 1var vessel sailedaway for the Spanish Main, and that is the last ,ve'he hear 01 the affair. No doubt, among old Peruvian or Chih:ian records, the begiiming'und ending of the'story, of which we have only' the mIddle, may be found. . During the btter years of his life Kamahameha (he died on the 8th of May, 1819), possessed several small schooners, in 'which, commanded by foreigners or sometimes by natives who llad learned how to sail them, he made occasional inter-island trip's, or employed them in the coasting business. Observing that foreign ships bougllt largely of sandal-woodhere, which they carried to China, it very naturally oc curred to so shrewd a person asthe King that there was money to be madeiri the busIness. So in the year 1817,having purchased a brig called the "Forester," heeatlsed her to be fitted out and loaded with • sandal-wood, and dispatched to "far Cathay," under command of the late AleximderAdams, who went by the soubriquet of "Alika." The voyage \vas safely performed, and the vessel brought back some East India'u'rum and some hales of silk, but'report says the King lost about $3,000 by the speculatio'n: SU,c'h 'aresult was anything but satisfactory to the t1).rifty monarch, and he questioned "Alika" rather closely as to the iec'eipts and expenditures ,of the voyage. It,appeared that there was s,ome difficulty with the Chinese about opening Ii trade, because the brig bore a flagwith which they were unacquainted. It is Ii his torical fachvhich we have never yet metwith in our reading, that the first mitional flag of these Isla'nds, and which wds for the first time dispill'yed in forcign waters by Captain Adams, consisted of eight hori zontal stripes of red, white and blue. 'Ve have as yet been unable to fix th~ date when the present "union" was added. Among other charges paid by the captain, about which the King was inqUisitive; . was one for pilotage,-onedollar a foot inward and outward. 'After this had been fully explained to his satisfaction, an order was issued instI:ucting "the'King's pilots" to charge $1 pel': foot draft on all for:; eign vessel~ which they might bring into or take out of port. 'rhus in 1817 ,vas first instituted here a system of l)ilot charges. MARINE CASUALTIES FOR THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. COMPILED FROM VOYAGES, HISTORIES, LOOAL PUBLICATIONS, &0. ~.. NOTE.-In this first'attempt to compile a list of this nature, covering so long a. period, we would not make pretentions to perfection for the :years given, but trust that any omissions that may be obser"ed will be duly reported, so that with the :bnlance.of, the list in next year's Annual its completeness may be arrived at up to date of issue. 162O-:--:A vessel known by the natives as Konaliloha was wrecked at 'the south side of Kealakekua, Hawaii. 1790-American schooner Fair American, cut off at Kaw'aihae, 'Hawaii. li96-British brig Arthur, Capt.• Barber, lost on the S. W. point of Oahu, through which it takes the name of Bar'ber's Point. 'Principal part of cargo saved. ' l804-Amerlcan schooner Lily Bird got ashore off Honolulu, and, was pnrchased by Kamehameha I., who got her off and mounted her with 20 guns for his Kauai expedition. '1812-ARussian ship~formerly the Attawelpa, of Boston-owned by Baranoff, Go\'ernor of Sitka, was wrecked at ",Valmea, Kauai. 'Pl'incipal part of eargo saved. l8I3-John Jacob Astqr's tr~ding ship Lark, after being dismasted 'and buffetted'about for several days, durIng which tinie a number of the crew *A Russian Rhip named WelliH,qfolt is ·also reported to have sunk in Honolulu hm'bol' in 18:!9. Whether this is an errOl' of date and a confusion of names we hnve not been ablc to ascertain. Janes mentions the former vessel but not the latter. 32 1832, Dec.-A Japanese junk was stranded on the northern part ot Oahu CWa~alua), only four of her crew being saved. 1834-:-American whaleship Catherine of Salem, Mass., was burned offOahu. 1812, June 22-American whaleship Jefferson of Nantucket, Cash, master, was lost on Kauai with 2,560 barrels oil on board. Dec. 18-British whaleship Jas. Stewart touched on the reef entering the port of Honolulu, necessitating repairs. 1844. April 12-American whaleship Holder Borden of New Bed ford-from Honolulu for the North-west-went ashore and became a total wreck on Pellis Island, no lives lost. A small schooner was built from the wreck, and arrived at Honolulu October 3d with a portion of cargo and crew. Nov. 15-American whaleship Wilmington and Liverpool Packet of New Bedford, Capt. Place, grounded east of the bar in mak- . ing the port of Honolulu, and aftermuch labor in iightening the vessel • -having 2,500 barrels oil and 20,000 pounds bone on board-she was brought into port and repaired. 1845, Feb. IO-Hawaiian schooner Pilot went ashore near the en trance to Honolulu harbor and became a total wreck. April-Schooner Hawaii went ashore 10 miles from Lahaina, Maui, and became a total wreck. April-Schooner Paalua capsized in a squall offA.nahola, Kauai, whereby many lives were lost, and a cargo valued at $4,000. Oct. 17-American whaleshipDrimo, while in charge of the mate (A.be Russell), went ashore on the reef at Lahaina, Maul. She bilged and became a total wreck, but her oil and most of property was saved. 1846, Jall25-Americall whaleship Helvetia of New London ,Porter, master, ready for sea was discovered on fire in Honolulu harbor. A gale blowing at·the time she ·was soon beyond hope of rescue. She had 1,650 barrels oil on board, of which 750 were saved. May 27-Hawaiian brig Ann, late Clementine, on coming to an chor at Koloa,.Kauai, dragged and went ashore. Aug. 5-Brig Wm. Neilson, Weston master, sailed from Honolulu for Manila and China and was never afterward heard from. Aug. 29-Hawaiian schooner Clarion went ashore near Keauhou, Hawaii, and became a total wreck. . 1847, April 19-American whaleship Wm. Thompson of New Bedford, Ellis, master, was discovered on fire offKauai, but after strenuos efforts was saved and brought to Honolulu for repairs. il849, Nov. 9-American whaleship ll-Iercurll of Stonington was to tally lost by fire, with her cargo of oil (1,200 barrels), in Honolulu harbor. • Nov.·29-American whaleship Tobacco Plant of New Bedford, was also fired in the harbor and became a total loss. Both were sup posed to be the work of incendiaries. 33 '1848, June I-French·schooner Arlel went ashore at '\Valkiki, cargo discharged damaged and vessel got off on' the 3d, with but slight injury. She was repaired, put under the Hawaiian flag, and finally capsized on a trip to San Francisco, in October, when about 200 miles from port. No lives lost. 1849, Jan. -Hawaiian schooner Kekauenohi, lost off Kauai. Five natives drowned. June 12-English ship Lady Leigh, from Hobart Town, touched on the reef in entering Honolulu harbor, but got off with but slight damage. . Nov. -Hawaiian sloop ~fokuola lost on Maui: Dec. -Hawaiian schooner Hipahipa totally wrecked on north end or' ~rolokai. . Dec. 13-American brig Potapsco, from Boston en route for San Francisco, anchored off the port of Honolulu, and during a severe gale from the S.W. parted her cables and was driven on the reef, becoming a total wreck. No lives lost. .• 1850-Brig Brothers, sailed from Honolulu for San Francisco, Feb. -, and returned March 8, having been on fire fourteen days and almost wholly destroyed. Cause of fire unknown. March 14-Brig Tascar, bound to San Francisco, put into Hono lulu under jury masts, having been dismasted in heavy weather Feb. 22. March 23":'-British bark Caroline, Perry, master, 109 days from Hobart 'I'own, went on the reef opposite Honolulu during a heavy southeast gale and became,a total wreck. M*arch 24-Hawaiiall schooner Lehua, was lost at Hanalei, Kauai, from her anchors during a northwest gale. March 25-British bark Caroline, from Australia, was wreclted on the reef, opposite Honolulu, during a southerly gale. Sept. 18-Hawaiian brigantine Kalama, grounded on the reef on leaving Honolulu, and on getting off and proceeding 40 miles had to return, leaking. On her next Kaui trip. she got ashore again and became a total wreck. A small schooner of the same name also went ashore near the same place the December following. Nov. I-Hawaiian schooner Victoria lost at Hanalei, Kauai. Dec. -Hawaiian schooner Paukalehua struck on a rock at . Hanapepe, Hauai, and sank in deep water. Oct. 23-American whaleship Chas. Drew, of N. B., Cary, master, went ashore on the west side of entrance to Pearl River and became a total wreck. She had a cargo of 1,300 bbls oil and 10,000 Ibs bone, about half of which was saved. 1851, Jan. 25-American ship Nisida Stewart, Fales, master, en route for Calcutta, went on the reef near the entrance to Honolulu harbor, and after th~ securing of- all movables, the wreck was sold at auction on the 8th of Februar~r. She was finally gotten off and refitted. 5 Jan~2s-JIfawaiian ~choone'r<[{auttkuiilii,'f(Jrril~rly' the -Vulcan, went" ashore at Koloa, Kauai, {her first coasting voyage} and became a totalwrook. Jan. 26-Hawaiian brig Starling, 'parted from her anchors at ICalepolepo, Maul, during a souther and went ashore j .becoming "'ith her cargo of potatoes; a total loss. '. March IO-Hawaiian schooner William, anchored:'at' Lahahll1, with no' one on board, dHftedtosea dtiringthe hight' arid 'was'1Jever rooreseen. , ... 1852, April-Britlshshlp Harpooner'touched on the reef off Hono lulu in coming to an anchorage without a pilot; arid had t()COm~ inside torrepairs. . , .. Dec. 9-Americanwhale ship A.H.Rowland, ~ith'i,6.55':bbls oil,wentashorein aso~therly galeontM.reefto Mstwardofentrance of the' harbor of Honolulu; and becalile atotaFwreck.'On~ life lost. Dec; ·...;.AmericarfshlpAlexandiw,· loaded"wlth ci"n" arid bone, ·touched on the re~fon jeaving port andwasleftbythefide.'Elhewas lightened off and returnedfor repairs. .' ',' ...... ' ,,'. '1853, May 'I5-British schooner:Royalist touched ori'the'reefin making the port of Honolulu; btltsllstained no damage~ ; 1852---'Amerlcari'whaleshlp Heroine, of'Fairhaven, badly 'burned in September, aIid irijured 'by a gale; arrived at H611olulri'Noverilber 12, arid'was condemned. .' 1853~HawaiiaIi Lbrcha:Premier;lost orlMaul. ; 1854-Hawaiianbark John Wesley was fotlilly loisfat Koloa,' Kallai, 'whlther she had gone from HOhOlulufo complete cargo lor San. Francisco. 1855, April-Frenchwhaleshlp Jfarqilisde'Turenne;:frbin' Havre, ~n route to the whaling grounds went ashOre 'at&rber's;Point and became a total wreck. '-''-'-'-'American whlil~·barkOscar,'ftred and' cOrlsiderablydamaged at' Honolulu. ..' ...... • ". .t --'-'Schooner Ohance lost at Koloai'Kauai. ~i856:"':'SteamerlVest'PointweiJ.t ashore at K610a,Ka1.lai, nndbedlDie no total wreck. ' . .-,'-'Amet-il'l1nwhaleship'BenjJ Tucker,ofN.B.,Barbe~,master, ,vas dismasted in'a gale and came into portforrepairsat'au' expense of $8,000. Nov. 24-Amerlcan whaleshipNauticon of NrB.,' Luce,rilllstel', loston Honoluhl Bar ongohj.g·out, homeward bound•.. Cargo'of 2,300 bbls oil and 10;ooolbs bone saved. . '... 1857, Jan.-American whale"bark UnitedStates'wascoridenmed at Honolulu. Shewas repaired,refitted'andsailed' to cruise; but 'was condemned'again December, 1858.. .' ...... Feb:2-'-Hawaiian'schooner Rialto lostatiKolba,' Kat.lai,while loading for San' Franclsc.o. 35 l\£lU'Ch 13-Hawaiian schoonerKamamalu sailed from Honolulu for Hilo, touching at Lahaina, and was never afterward hear~ from; :supposed to have capsizel in the Hawaiian Channel. She had a full -cargo and about 70 souls on board. Nov. 26-American whale-bark Isabella returned to HOI)olulu under jurymasts, having lost most of her spars in a squall Oct. 26. 1858, March 14-American whaleship, Young Hero, of Nantucket, burned with her cargo of 370bbls of oil at Lahaina, the work of an • incendiary. ' " ' , :March 18":'-American ship Winslow, of N. B., went on the reef 'Op~site Honolulu and became a total wreck. , :March 28-Hawaiian schooner Kekauluohi dragged from her anch~rs and went ashore at Nawifiwili, Kauai, but was saved after :strenuous efforts. . -,-Hawaiian schooner Mar.y Ellen,20 tons, went ashore at Wahiawa, Kamii, and'became a total wreck.. Aug. I(),-;-Hawaiian schooner Prince of Hawaii, capsized and lost off, Niihau. Eight lives lost. Aug, 26-Haw,ailan schooner Sally ,was lost off Kaholalele. Hawaii, while lying off and on loading pulu. Dec. lo-Whale-brig Emma, from Honolulu, went on the reef .at Waikiki and became a totallos8. 1859'""7'American whale-bark Florence was condemned at Honolulu, and bought by Capt. T. Spencer and refitted; was fired off the harbor ,in 1862, but brought into port and saved. Afterward sold to San Francisco parti~s and lo~t in the Arctic in 1877. Jan. 22-Schooner Dolphin wrecked on Kahoolawe, a total loss. , :March I-;-Schooner George with a number of passengers left Kauai for Honolulu and was never afterward heard from. April6-Americ~n wlialeship Levi Starbuck, struck by light ning during a heavy Kona storm at Lahaina so as to need a new mainmast. July lo-Americal1 bark Jacob B. Lancaster, from San Franci8Co en route for Sydney, foundered off :Molokai with cargo of rice, ale and ,oquicksilver, manifested at $32,000. Crew all saved. 1860, Jan.-Sloop Kalama was lost off Koloa, Kauai, during a heavy· ,gale. Aug.' 24-Schooner Kinoole wrecked on Niihau in moderate weather. ,Nov. 14-American ,whale-bark Paulina dragged her anchors and went on th~ reef at Lahaina with 400 bbls oil, and became a total Wreck. Crew and mostof cargo saved. Nov. 21-American ship Siam discovered on fire; but after strenuous efforts was finally saved. ' - 1861, :March 16-Schooner JIargaret and sloop Eva went ashore at Anahola, Kaui, in a heavy, gale and becametotal wrecks. 36 ~HE LEGEND OF· KAPEEPEEKAUILA; OR "THE ROCKS OF • KANA." " ;' ! ..,; " ' WRITTEN FOR THE ANNUAL BY REV. A. O. FORDES. '".' ~'-- On the northern side of the Island of Molokai, commencing at·the eastern.,en.d arid stretching along a distance of about twenty miles, the coast is a sheer precipicc' of black rock val;ying in height from eight ,hundred to two thousand feet.. 'fhe only interruptio,ns to the conti nuity .of this vast sea wall are formed bythe four i'omantic valleys of Puaahauriui, 'Wailau, Pelekunu, and '\Vaikolu. Between the valleys ~f Pelekunu and '\Vaikolu, juts out the bold.sharp headland o(Haupu, forming the dividing ridge behveen them, and reminding one some;' what of an axe-head turned edge upward. Directly in a line with this headland, thirty or forty rods out in the ocean, arise abruptly 'from the deep blue waters the rocks of Ha-u-pu-three or foLIr sharp needle-like points of rock varying from twenty to one hundred feet in height. This is thespot associated with the legend' of Ka~pee-pee-kall~ila and these rocks stand like grim sentinels onduty at the eastern limit of what is now known as the Leper Settlement. The legend runs as follows: " Keahole was the father, Hiiaka-noholae was the mother, Kapee peekauila was the son. 'fhisKapeepeekauila was a' hairy man, and 'dwelt on the ridge of Haupu. ; . Once on a time Hakalanileo and his wife Hina, the mother of Kana, came and dwelt in the valley of Pelektmu on the eastern side of the ridge of Haupu. . Kapeepeekauila, hearing. of the arrival of Hina,the beautiful daughter of Kftlahiki, sent hi,S children to fetch her. They went and said to Hina, " Our Royal Father desires ~'ou as his wife; ap.d we have 'come for you.'" "Desires me for what?" said she." "Desires you for a Wife," said 'they. This announcement pleased the beautiful daughter of Kalahiki, and she replied, "Return to your Royal Father and tell him he shall be 'the husband and I will be the wife." '\Vhen this message was delivered to Kapeepeekauila, he 'immedi ately sent a messenger to the other side of the Island to summon all the people from Keonekuina to Kalamaula. For we have alreadyseen that he was a hairy man, arid it was necessary that this blemish should be removed. Accordingly,when the people had all arrived, Kapeepeekauila laid himself down' and they all fell to work until the 'hairs were all plucked out. He then took Hina to wifeand they two dwelt together on the top of Haupu. • Sec Fornander's H Polynesian Races," vol. 2, p. 31. 37 Poor Hakalanileo, .the husband of Hina, mourned the loss of his companion of the long nights of winter and the shower-sprinkled __ nights of summer. Neither could he regain possession of her, for the ridge of Haupu grew till it reached the heavens. He mourned and rolled himself in the dust in agony, and crossed his' hands behind his ,back. He went from place to place in search of some powerfu!:pcrson who should be able to restore to him his wife. In his wanderings, the first person' to whom he applied was Kamalalawalu, celebrated for strength and courage. 'fhis man, seeing his doleful plight, asked, ~ " \Vhy these tears, 0 my father?": Hakalanileo replied, "'fhy mother is lost." "Lost to whom?" "Lost to Kapeepee." "\Vhat Kapeepee?" "Kapeepee-kauila." ;, " \Vhat Kauila ?" "Kauila the Dauntlells of Haupu:" "Then, 0 father, thou wilt not recover thy wife. Our., stick may strike, it will buthit the dust at his fllet. Ilis stick, when it strikes back, will hit the head. Behold, measureless is the height of Haupu. , Now this Kamalalawalu wascelebratod for his strengthin thNwing stones-and one side of him was stone, the other, Jlosh. As & test, he seized a large stone and threw it upwards. It rose till it hit the sky, and then fell back again to earth. ,As it camo down, he'turned his " st.ony side toward it and the coHision made hJs side rattle. Hakala nileo looked on and sadly said, "Not strong enough." On he ,went, beating his breast in his grief till he camc to the celebrated.Niu-loi hiki. Question and answel' passed between them as. in the former case, but Niuloihiki replied, "It is hopeless. Behold, measurelei CI 'What indeed," answered the old man j Clas though I were not seek ing to recover thy mother who is lost!" Then came question and answer, as in the former cases, and Niheu said, CI I fear thou 'Wilt not recover thy wife, 0 my father. But·let us go inland to the foster-son of UIL" So they went. But Niheu ran on aheadand told Kana, war upon Kapeepeekauila. They went on until the canoes grounde~ on a hard ledge. Niheu called out, "Behold thou sleepest, 0 Kana, while we all perish." Kana replied, "What is there to destroy us ? Are not these the reefs of Haupu? Away with the ledges, the-rock points, and the yawning chasms! Smite with 'Yaka-i-lani, thy rod!" Niheu smote, the rocks crumbled to pieces, and the canoes were treed. They pursued their course again until Niheu, being.oIl the watch, cried out, "'Why sleepest thou, 0 Kana? Here we perish again. Thy like for sleeping I never saw I" "Wherefore perish?" replied Kana. "Behold," replied Niheu, "the fearful.wall.of .water. ,If we attempt to pass it, it will topple over and destroy.us all." Kana replied, "Behold, behind us the reefs of Haupu. That .Is ,the d~struction past. As for the destruction be fore us, smite with thy rod." Niheu smote, the wall of water divided and the canoes passed safely through. Then they. went on their course again as before. After a time, Niheu again called out, "Alas! again we perish I Here comes a great monster. If he falls upon us, we are all dead men!" And Kana said, " Look sharP now, and when the pointed snout crosses our bow, smite with thy rod I"~ And he did so. And behold this great thing was a monstrous fish, and when brought on board it became food for them all. So wonderfully great was this fish that its weight brought the gunwales of the canoes down to the water's edge. They continued on their way, and next saw the open mouth of the sharp-toothed shark-another of the outer defences .. of Haupu-awaiting them...."Smite with. thy rod," ordered Kana• ;Nilleusmote, and the shark died. Next they came upon the great turtle-another outer defence of Haupu. . Again the sleepyKana is roused by the cry of thewatehfulNiheu, and the turtie is slain bythe stroke of the magic rod. All this was during the night. At last, just as the edge of the morning lifted itself from the deep, their mast became entangled in the branches of trees. Niheu flung upward a stone.· It struck. The branches came rattling down, and the mast was free. On they went till the canoes gently stood still. On this, Niheu cried out, "Here you are asleep again, 0 Kana, and the canoes are aground!" Kana felt beneath-there was no ground. He felt above:'-the mast was entangled in weeds., He pulled, and the weeds and earth came down together.. The smell of the fresh-turn weeds was wafted up to Hale-huki, the house where Kapeepeekauila lived. His people, on the top of Haupu, looked down ~ndsaw the canoes floating at the foot. "'Yondrous is the size of the canoes J" cried they.,'.' Ah ! iUs a load of, Opihis from Hawaii, for:Hina,"-'Opihi' was a favorite dish with her. Meantime, Kana despatched Niheu after his mother. "Go in friendly fashion," said the former. Niheuleaped ashore, but slipped and fell on the smooth rocks. Back he went to the canoes. " 'What 80rt of a coming back. is this?" demanded Kana. "I slipped and 40 f,ell, an"d' just escaped with my life," answered Niheu. "Back with you;!" thundered Kana. Again the luckless Niheu sprang ullhol'e, but the long-eyed sand-crabs (ohiki-makaloa) made the sand fly with their scratching till his eyes were filled. Back to the canoes again he went, "Got it all in my eyes!" said he; and he washed them out with seawater. "You fool !" shouted Kana; "what was you looking down for? 'rhe sand-crabs are not birds. If you had been looking up as you ought, you wo;Uld not have got the "sand in your eyes. Go again!" This time he succeeded, and climbed to the top of Hautm. Arriving atUle house, Hale-huki, where Hina dwelt, he entered at once. Being asked "'Vhy entel'est thou this forbidden door?" he an:swered the 'questioner; ." Because I saw thee entering by this door. Hadst thou entered some other ,vay, I shou1d not have come in at the' door; and, behold, Kapeepeekauila and Hina sat before him. Then Nih~useized the hand of Hina and said, "Let us two go!" AmI she arose and went. 'Vhen they had gone about half-way to the brink of the precipice, Kapeepeekauila exclaimed" 'Vhat is this? Is the womlingone?" l\Io'i, the sister of Kana, answered and said, "If you wish the woman, now is the time; you and I fight." Great was the 16ve of Kapeepeekauila for Hina, and he said, "No war dare touch'Haupu; behold it is a hill growing even to the Heavens." And he sent' the Kolea rplover) squad to desecrate the sacred locks of Niheu; for the locksof Niheuwere taboo, andif they should be touched, he would relinquish Hina for very shame. So the Kolea company sailed along in the air till they brushed against the sacred locks of Nilleu; and for very shame,he let go his mother; aiul Niheu struck at the Koleas.with his rod.and hit, their tail feathers and knocked them Uill out so that they remain tailless to this day. And he re turned to the edge of the shore while the Koleas bore off Hina in triumph. 'Vhen Niheu reached the shore, he beat his forehead with stones till the blood flowed. (But Kana, from on board the canoes, perceived this' trick of Niheu's). And when Niheu went on board he -said, "See,! we fought and I got my head hurt." But Kana, replied, I'There was no fight; you did it yourself out of shame at your de feat!" And Niheu replied; "'Vhat, then, shall we fight ?" "Yes," said Kana, and he stood up.. Now one of his legs was named Keauea and the other Kaipanea; and as he stood upon the canoes, he began to lengthen himself upward until the dwellers on the top of HalllJU exclaimed in terror, "'Ve are all dead men! Behold here is a great giant towering .above us!" And Kapeepeekauila, seeing this, hastened to, prUlle the branch~softhe Kamani tree so that the bluff should grow upward. And the bluff rose. and Kana grew-thus they strove; the bluff .l'ro,ving higher and Kana growing taller, until he became as thin as the stalk of a banana leaf, and gradually spun him self out till he was no thicker than a strand of spider's web, and at last he yielded the vIctory to Kapeepeekauila.Niheu, seeing the de- feat of Kana, called out, Cl Lay yourself' along to K<>na, on Hawaii, to your grandmother Uli." And helaid himself along with hisbody in Kona, while his feet rested on Molokai. His grandmother in Kona fed him until he became plump and fat again. Meanwhile, poor Nilieu, watchingathisfeet onMoloka.i, saw their sides fill outwith flesh while he was: almost starved with hunger." So then," quoth he, II you are eating and growingfat while Idle with hunger." And he cut off·one of Kana's feet for revenge. Thtl sensation crept along up to his body which:lay in Kona; and Kana said to his grandmother. Uli, II I seem to feel a numbness creeping over mei" and she answered and said, "Thy younger brother is, hungry with watching, and seeing thy feet grow plunp, he has cut offone of them, therefore this numbness." Kana, having a,t last grown strong and fat, prepared towage war .again upon Kepeepeekauila. Food was collected in abundance from Waipio, and when it was prepared, they embarked again on their. eanoes and came back to Haupu on Molokai. But his grandmother TIIi had previously instructed him, "Go thou and first destroy all the branches of the Kamani tree of· HaupuY Kana did· so, and that was the end of the growth of Haupu. Then he showedhimself, ~nd began again to stretch upward and tower. above the bluff. Kapeepeekauila hastened again totrim the branches of the Kamani, that the bluff might grow as beforei but behold theywere all gone! !twas the end: Kapeepeekauila at last vanquished. The victorious Kana'recovered his sister, Mo'i, restored to poor Hakalanlleo his wife Hina, and then treading down the bluff of Haupu, kicked off large fragments of it into thesea, where they stand to this day, and are called Cl The Rocks of Kana." ARTESIA!f WELLS. WBlTTllK roB TBllANNUAL Bl'.JUDGll X'CULLY. 'THE question of obtaining flowing water by artesian or deep boring bad been lying in the minds of some Island residents for many years. The weight of scientific opinion was that it could not be obtained, as the Islands were supposed to btl constituted geologically, that- the lava and coral formation did not furnish such a basin with upper and· lower strata of clay or. other retainer as when pierced would compel the water therein to rise to the surface, and that the physical features of the Islands permitting the escape o(subterraneous water into the bell of the ocean at a lower depth, made it unreasonable' to expect that it would rise through a boring above the sea level. This view. of '.' the scientists may have eontxlbuted to the delay of an experiment 6 . t • 42 yet we are rather disposed to say that the time had not arrived till the wealth and enterprise of the Reciprocity period brought it. 1\11'. James Campbell must be credited with the first flowing artesian well in this Kingdom. In a visit to California he engaged 1\11'. James Ashley, a professional well borer, who commenced work about July 1st, 1879, on a part of 1\11'. Campbell's Honouliuli estate, lying near the shore of Pearl River Lagoon, On a flat of about 10 feet above sea level. At 240 feet the water commenced to overflow. The bore was continued to 273feet,.the flow increasing and coming to rise from! to t of an inch crown above the pipe, 7 inches in diameter. 'fhis success was a happy surprise to the community. Though comparatively few of the Honolulu citizens saw it, as it was fifteen miles from town, they received the testimony of eye witnesses that there was there a sheet of pure water flOWing like a dome of glass from all sides of the well casing, and continuing to flow night and day, without diminution. • Mr. Ashley made several more borings on this estate, without re sults. His apparatus, worked only by hand, was too light to drill through the hardest rocks, and the otherborings were abandoned too soon for success. One instance mw,t be noticed. The site of an old sprin"g was cleared out at Lihue, about 700 feet above the sea level, and a boring made of 75 feet, and then discontinued without a flow of water. Several months after, the water was said to have commenced flowing and to be yet flowing in quantity valuable for watering stock. But this cannot be considered a true artesian well, nor to afford much encouragement that water can be obtained by boring at such high levels above the sea. . . The next well boring was originated by 1\11'.•\.. Marques, a gentle man not long resident in the Kingdom, who had built his house on the dry flat land at the mouth of 1\1anoa Valley. Water was a neces sity, and the success of 1\11'. Campbell did not discourage the idea that flowing wells might be obtained; however, it might be that Mr. Marques would have made the attempt without that precedent. Briefiy it may be said. that several gentlemen combined with Mr. Marques to bear the risk and expense of artesian wells on different pieces of land with which they were concerned. Mr. Peirce, a well borer, was brought from California to inspect and confer, and, after procuring tools from. abroad, began operations on Mr. Marques' pre mises on February 25th, 1880. Flowing water was struck April 28th. Mr. Marques' memorandum of his well is as follows: 'fhe first stratum of earth was 10 feet; after which sandy layers and soft coral were found alternately. At 30 feet, the first volcanic rock; at 35 feet,· first surface water; after which different strata of black iron lava> alternated '.vith sand and gravel. At 70 feet, the first clay, which con tilluedwith hardly any variation for more than 100 feet; after which . different !:l~rata of very h.ardri>Qk, the .sIl!oq~h ~aya called here pahoe-, 43 hoe. At 230 feet, a stream of water was traversed which cleansed the muddy water in the hole, but diel not raise its level. At 250 feet, a new layer of etay, after which another of hard rock. At 265 feet, the water raised in the hole from 35 feet (its constant level.below the sur face). up to 20 feet, and whelidown to 273 feet, the water suddenly rushed up to 10 feet above the surface. The boring was continued down to 295 feet, the water rapidly increasing. The overfl~w of this ,vell may be said to 'llave been, a public joy. Being'easily accessible from the city it ,vas visited' by lllmdrcds, who saw with a kind'of fascinatio'rithe new'ly opened 'fountafn,' of sweet soft witter. It was luiilerl a,s the promise' of 'beauty and :fertility for thousands of acres of almost useless land.' .. . " 'Ve 'shall have occasion to see that there are probably some close limitations of the area of obtaining flOWing ,vater, and ,proceed to sketch the further history of our weliS. The next boring was done on the premises of Judge McCullY, where on the 15th September, 1880, a fine flo'v ,vas obtained,and 'named the Ontario 'VeIl. It greatly exceerled what had hitherto been got, although, ~incethen,thrown'bycomparison, among the lesser wells. Sugar planters, accustomed to irrigate, .variously estimated that the stream was sufficient to irrigate from 60 to 120 acres of cane, as tIm na ture of the soil might require more or less Water. Being nearer town and directly on the road, and, the Yolumebeing larger, this well re newed the public interest and enthusiasm, and hope of a new source of prosperity to the country. 'rhe next well, Mr. 'Vard's, after a,tedious boring.ofmore than six months, yielded a flow rather exceeding the last, but was greatly sur passed, a few months later, by one on Kewalo. In July last, a'well, the St. Lawrence, bored on another lot of Judge McCully's, struck a vein of remarkable volume. And in the same month, another well . of equaLamount was,'obtained at Kamoiliilt Mr. Jaeger's welhvas the next. It has an abundant stream"and is the first which has been ca>:ed with.durable pipes screwed 'together, and water-tight from top to bottom. A very interesting fact in this boring was that a piece of cocoanut wood was'found at 222 feet. This well is estimated to flow 10,000 gallons per hour. The St.. Law • rence well has .been computed to fl.ow m:ore than 50,000 gallons per hour. The writer regrets that he is unable to present accurate state ments of the amount of floW of any 'Jf the wells, or even approximate' estimates of most ,of them. .The water of all them is sweet, soft. and crystal pure. , ':; : *Octobe'r ,7th; flowing water was got lit the intersection of the lines pffonF lots <:m Lunali10 and Pilkoi streets, owned by Capt. llabcook and three others; eleva tio:!' above se,) 37.33 feet. Water rises 4 feet'7'inches above gronnd, a good str\>am '.and sufficient snpply for these premises. This follows'the 41-2 foot theory, and t.he l'ule that the .higher above the sea. level the less, other things beUJ,g equal, is the flow.' . , , . . , ' ..' '., 44 The successful borings (except Campbell's, and one quite recently at Laie, Oahu,) to this date, all lie to the east of Honolulu, between the city and Diamond Head. 'l'he following table gives the altitud~ above mean tide, and the' depth of the bore of the above mentioned and some other borings. ~ Above .ca level. depth. Kewalo well...... 5.91 ft : about 610 ft. 'Vard's...... 13.36 ft about 510 ft. The Ontario...... 25.24 ft ,418 ft. l\farquez' 36.67 ft 295 ft. Dillingham's...... 38.72 ft about 300 ft. Jaeger's 28.38 ft about 315 ft. J\foiliili, about...... 15.00 ft about 430 ft. Widemann's, no flow 47.7 ft :.:. 419ft. 'i,~.' • Makikl Reservoir, no flow, 150.00 ft over 900 ft. The King's, no flow 200.00 ft 970 ft. , Thethoory has been advanced,by Mr. George Fesler, an intelligent and skilful well borer, that in the district above described, and within which these wells are, the water reservoir has a head of from. 41 tci 42 feet, that no boring at an altitude exceeding this will obtain a flowing well, and that on the other hand flowing water is certain to be ob tained-everywhere in thii!! tenitoIY and under the 41-2 feet line of alti tude andcorresiponding to this that the flow of water in any well is less the higher the pipe is carried up, and would be'greater from points below the level of the ground, if it werestopped and drawn offthrough a deep cutting. . "'e will say of this theory that we know, thus far, of no facts to controvert it, and of several which support it strongly. Thus, in the 'Videmann well, the water rose to within flve feet of the surface upon striking the water bearing stratum, and although the boring was con tinued two hundred feet further in the same stratum, no stream, vein or source was struck to raise it to the surface. It stands at 42 feet above sea level. The Jaeger well is in a line between the above and the sea, but being Ollly 28.38 altitude, has a strong flow at the ground; the pipe being carried up 14.5 feet stops the water at 42.88 elevation. 80 the 8t. Lawrence well, at 25 feet, is stopped by a pipe about 17 feet higher-that is at about 42 feet. The Dillingham well,. at 38.72 feet elevation, is stopped at the same 42feet line. The well in pro gress at the Government Reservoir, Makiki Valley, down 900 feet at' this time, has water standing at a corresponding point, and the, King's well was discontinued after going 770 feet below the sea level, the water not rising higher than this level, and not rising by the last 300 or 4.00 feet of boring, and the boring continuing in the same water bearing stratum. The other fact is that no boring has failed to procure a flow, below 45 the 42 foot line, where Ithas been carril}d down to the stratum which furnishes all these wells. It will be seen by the figures above that this stratum is not horizon .tal. It is reached at from 200 feet below sea level to 700 and more. There is a boring, not mentioned above, near Moiliili, of 730 feet, which does not reach the true water bearing stratum, although there • is a small overflow of water from the clay whic-h lies just above it. The different soundings now made indicate that i~ dips towards the sea, but there are so many variations, east and west, that it would be unsafe yet to say what is the profile in any direction. But what is this water bed? The well borers all report that it is black rock and lava, 'generally covered by a very hard shell. Below this the rock is of varying density. This water bed has never been bored through i the deepest borings, after striking this, do not reach anything else. The water sometimes comes up'in a'gradualincrease as the boring continues in the rock, as if it were furnished by minute veins'; at other times ,there is a ·sudden flow as if,a subterranean stream were'opened. We have not.heard of an instance of the drill dropping into an open space which is a reservoir of water. ~hence comes the water ? We should say from the mountain centre of the island. Is it exhaustable? Time will show us whether we can exhaust, or let us say diminish, the flow of any well by the number of wells. Doubtless wells enough might be sunk to divide the supply, or cut offthe flow of some. . The question of h'ow far these wells can be obtained throughout the Islands is yet unsolved, .and can only be determined by trials. It would seem to be established that flowing water cannot be had higher than 42 feet, east of Honolulu. We should not be hopeful of obtaining a flow onhigher land than this anywhere,-Mr., Campbell's spring at 700 feet notwithstanding". There is a boring east of Diamond Head, at Waialae, where the grobnd may.be nine feet above sea level; the water bearing rock was struck at 70 feet below the surface, and water rose six feet and to ,within five feet of the surface. There it stands, although the boring has been run down 400 feet. Is our artesian basin bounded on one side by Diamond Head, and is there no basin between that and Koko Head? Two borings have been made in the 'Waianae Valley, 600 to 800 feet -thus far without success. No thorough trial has been made at 'Vai manalo or ICallua,which lie on the other side of the mountain chain, opposite the flOWing wells. On Maui the boring for 'Vaikapu Plantation, starting at 350 feet above sea level; has been abandoned, and no flowing well is yet re ported from that island. At Kekaha, on Kauai, at a site about 20 feet above sea level, surface water was reached at 20 feet; at 180 feet the water rose 13 feet, to within 7 feet of the surface, and.does not rise higher from a bore of 400 or 500 feet. 46 ,'OnHawaiithe only trial is that at Mahuk&nn,byMr. 'Vilder, now in progress, and reported at 666 feet on the 19th of November. Theneed of water at this' point, a harbor and the terminus of a railroad, and which is naturally a desert,· is so great that the attempt will not be' abandoned under a bore of 1000 feet. . ~IiI concluding this article let the writer say he regrets that he has not beeh able to give scientific detail. of the formations passed through, and in !;tIl cases the exact altitudes .above sea level and the depths bored, ano. exact measurements .of the volume discharged. The article is intended only to present· a sketch to o.ate' of what has been done and attempted in artesian wells in the two years since a beginning'was made. .It needs·many more trials to determine the'limits and the extent of the artesian basins of the different islands and different. parts of each. The following suggestions are added by another writer: , It seems evident that the great central maSs of. watc1"bearing rock above described must· be completely separated by imperVious strata from the surrounding ocean. \Vere it not so, the water it contains would necessarily escape into the sea instead of standing 42 feet ab~ve it, as it appears uniformly to do. By the borings it appears that the containing strata are composed of very compact Clay many feet-in thickness.. These are covered again by other strata of sand, coral'and clay, with .overlying beds of lava. It seems a necessary inference that these strata were gradually and successively deposited upon the ancient bed of the sea. '1'his bed was the submarine slope of the'slowly grow ing volcanic mountain as then existing. On all ocean beds, slow de positions of sediment from the land are constantly accumulating; upon which near the shore, sand is also deposited and coral grows. On:this ancient volcanic coast, lav·a· has occasionally overflowed these 'lower strata, enlarging the area o'f the island. Hence the successive strata of coral, sand and clay, \vith lava, coral, and clay again beforestI-iking the water-bearing rock beneath. '1'hese strata extend to a point now far inland, but which must 'once have been the vicinity of the sea-beach. They have a rapid slope, in l conformity with the normal contour of the ancient volcanic'nucleus of the island. '1'he upper and inner edge of these strata appears to,be at a pointwhich is now 42feetabove the sea level, but which must at the period of original deposition have been just below the level of the sea from which the clay was deposited. Hence it is to,be inf~lTed that a later elevation of the region at least 42 feet above sealev.;!l tookll1ace at the early period in question. There are abundant evidences of a somewhat recent elevation of the greater part of.the'Island of Oahu..Such an elevation seemR.tofurnish favorable conditions, as above suggested for ·flmving' artesian wells. ····There is little·evidence, so far as.the writkJr know", 'of a sihlilar eleva tion in any of the other islands of this group',' . 47 REGULATIONS FOR CARRIAGES. AND RATES OF FARE. I.E~ery licensedcarriage, dray or vehicle must be numbered, and this number must be l)Iaced on a conspicuous part of the carriage, dray m~~ '. ' 2. Every licensed carriage funning at night must exhibit two lights and the number of such carriage plainly shown on the glass of each lantem. . 3. Drivers of licensed carriages must 'obey the orders of·thepolice. 4. No licensed carriage will be allowed to stand on the makai side of Queen street near the'Fish Market, and no two or more carriages will be 'allowed to stand abreast on any street. , 5. On all stands set apart for licensed carriages the ,horses must be headed to the eastward.' . 6. No licensed horse and carriage must be left without a proper attendant, or properly secured. 7. No licensed carriage will be allowed to be left onthestreet'over' night: 8.-:-STANDS SE'.r' ArAR'r Flm LICENSED V,~HICLES. Makai side of Queen street, from east comer of Fort street. Makai side of Queen street, from east corner of Nuuanu street. Mauka side of Merchant street, from east corner of .Bethel street. Mukai side of King street, from west comer of Bethel street. Makai .side of Hotel street, from east comer of Fort street. :Makl\i side of Beretania street, from east comer of Nuuanu str.eet. • :Mauka side of Hotel street, from east corner of Nuuanu street. :Makai side of King street, from east corner of Richards street. Makai sid,e of Hotel street" opposite to ~ntrance ?f Hawaiian HO,teI. . 9. No more than twelve carriages will be'allowed onanyo.nestand' at any orie time. .,' " .. ,. "', , RATES OF FARE. 10. To or from any point between Beretania street and the harbor, and betweell PutIchbowl street and the river, for each person 12!cents. 11. "ro Qt;fromany point between second bridge, Nuuanu Road, and' the iiarbor;"andbehveen the" Wlult Cheer House," , ... ~ .. ,; ~ ~ ...... 48 15. WheIi hired by the hour :- For one passenger for one hour $1 00 . For two passengers for one hour...... 1 EO For three passengers for one hour , 2 00 For each additional hour, for each passenger...... 50 16. Time to be counted from the time of starting to time dismissed. 17. No extra charge shall be made to any passenger for the ordinary hand baggage.. IS. For any other than ordinary hand baggage-each truhk or box, 25 cents. 19. Tickets issued by any licensee of any carriage to represent .coin, will be held as good to the amount they representin anyother licensed c:lrriage, and must be redeemed when presented to the person issuing them. (See note.) 20. . No driver is compelled to take a single fare for the Pali or the Park, except by special bargain. When two or more offer, the-regular fare must be accepted. . 21. Every driver of a licensed carriage shall, upon demand of any person desiring to hire his carriage, exhibit a card of rates of fare. Hany driver of a licensed vehicle shall contravene any of the fore going regulations, the license of such vehicle may be revoked bv the Minister of the Interior. . ~ NEW REGULATJON.-Sept. 23, 18i9.-No horse attached to any li censed wagon, cart or dray for the transportation of freight, shall, • within the circuit of one mile from the Honolulu Post Office, be driven faster than a walk. . NOTE.-For pnblic convenience the Interior Department issne tickets (which are redeemable at any time) of the.rates of'1276 cts. and 25 cts.,which ara cnr rent with all drivers. Refusal to receive any such fare tendered, renders the driver liable upon complaint to lose' his license. . All complaints should be made at the Police Station, giving the numbe:!: of the vehicle. ,. List of Articles admitted into the United States Free of Duty from the Hawaiian Islands, when properly certified to before the U. S. ConsuL .0 Arrow-root; Bananas; Castor Oil; Hides and Skins, undressed; Pulu; Rice; Seeds; Plants, Shrubs or Trees i Muscovado, Brown, and all other unrefined sugar, commonly known as ,. Sandwich Island Sugar i" Syrups.of Sugar Cane, :Melado and Molasses; Tallow; Veget ables, dried and undried, preserved and unpreserved. For the complete Tariff.and.Digest of .the Laws and Regulations of the Customs, Pilot and Harbor Regulations, corrected to November, 18i9, see Almanac and Annual for 181)(). 49 HAWAIIAN IDEAS OF ASTRONOMY. COMPILED FROJl( DIBBLE'S HISTORY OF THE SANDWICH lELA NDS OF le~3. Early Hawaiians had a crude knowledge of astronomy, mingled with much 8uperstition, as may be said of savage nations generally, among whom there was a class of persons whose profession it was to watch the motionsof the stars. Thesc astrologers, known as poe I?:ilo (among whom Hoapili, an early Governor of Maui, was said to be particularly skilled), had names for· many of the largest stars and principal clusters. rrhey were acquainted with five planets which they called traveling stars. Hoapili was so much in the habit of observing these that he could at any moment tell th(! position of each. The names for these five planets were as follows: Venus, Naholoholo,. ~upiter, Hooma nalonalo,. Saturn, Makulu,' Mars, Holoholopinau,. J\fercury, Kawela. The more distinguished fixed stars and clusters had their distinct names, and the people were in the habit of observing them so much that they judged of the hour of the night about as accurately as of the hour of the day, especially among fishermen and ·others whose em ployment called.them to be out considerably in the night. It was by the particular position of the planets in relation to certain fixed stars, and clusters of stars, that the Kilos grounded their predic tions in relation to the fate of battles, the success of new enterprises, etc. The proximity of these planets to certain fixed stars was consid ered a sure indication of the speedy death of some high chief. The goddess of the volcanowas also supposed to hold intercourse with these traveling stars, and from their movements therefore the people often . predicted volcanic eruptions. , The motions of the stars in the vicinity of the North Pole attracted their attention considerably and were often the subject of dispute. These theysaidwere traveling stars, but did not wander here andthere like the others j they traveled regularly. Those who took the most care in measuring time, measured it by means both of the moon and fixed stars, dividing the year into twelve months and each month into thirty days. They had a distinct name for each of the days of the month (as is hereafter given), and com menced their reckoning on the first day of the new moon's appearance. Eclipses ,vere uniformly considered to be an attack of the gods on the sun or moon, and always presaged war, the death of some high -ehief, or some other great disaster. Their year they divided into two seasons, summerandwinter. 'Vhen the sun was perpendicular and moving toward the north and the days were long, the heat prevalent and the trees bore fruit, this they desig nated summer. When the sun moved toward the south and the nights were length~ned, the trees bore no fruit and the cold came, they called it winteu Each season had six months. Those of the summer 7 50 were-Ikiki, Kaaona, Hinaiaelele, Kamahoemua, Kamahoehope, and Ilma. The winter months were-Welehu, Makalii, Kaelo, Kaulua, Nana and \Velo. These twelve months united constituted one )'ear, commencing with Makalii and ending with Welehu. In one )'ear there were nine times forty nights. The nights were counted by the moon. There were thirty nights in each month, seventeen of which were not very light, and thirteen were; the different nights ~and days) deriving their names from the different aspects of the moon-while in creasing, at the full, and waning. The first night was called 'Hilo, to twist, because the part then seen was a mere thread; the next, a little more plain, Hoaka, crescent,. then Kukahi, Kulua, Kupau, Ol'lkulmhi, . Olekulua, Olekukolu, Olekupau. \Vhen the sharp points were lost in the moon's first quarter, the name. of that nigoht was Huna, to conceal,. the next,on its becoming gibbous, Mohalu, then Hua; and when !its roundness was qUite obvious, Akua. The nights in which the moon was full or nearly so. were Holm, Mahealani and Kolu. Laaukukahi was the nameof the night in which the moon's decrease became perceptible. As it continued to diminish the nights 'were called Olaaukulua, Laaupau, Olekukahi, Olekulua, Olepau, Kaloaku kahi, Kaloakulua, Kaloapau. \Vhen the moon was very small the night was Mauli, and that on which it disappeaI:cd, Muku. Thus is completed the month of thirty days. ," In each month four periods were selected in which the nights were consecrated, or tabu, known as Kapuku, Kapuhua, Kapuloa and Ka pukane. The first consisted of three nights, commencing with Hilo and terminating with Kulua; the second was a period of two nights, l\Iahalu to Akua; the third, thc ·two nights Olepau to Kaloakulua;, and the fourth, from Kane to Mauli. The method of reckoning by the moon led to many irregulariti~s, as they commenced their numbering on the first day that the new moon appeared in the west. '£his course nlade it necessary to drop a day about once in two months, and thus reduce their year into twelvelunations instead of three hundred and sixty days. This being about eleven days less than the sidereal year, they discovered the discrepancy and corrected their reclwning by the stars. In practice, therefore, the year varied, being sometimes twelve, sometimes thirteen months. So also their months sometimes consisted of twenty-nine and sometimes thirty days. , Though their system was thus broken and imperfect, yet, as they could tell the n!,lme of the day and of the month when any great event occurred, their time could be reduced to ours by a refereltce to the phase of the moon at the time. But when the change of the moon takes place about the middle of our calendar month, then we are liable to a mistake of a whole month, and also to another mistake of a day from the uncertainty of the day when the moon was discovered in the w~ , • • 51 Comparative Table of Receipts and Expenditures. Hawaiian Islands, .. 1876.78, 1878.80, and 1880.82. , Estimated, REVENUE. 1816-78. 181"0-80. 1&'ID-82. Custom House $ 36],371$ 582,846$ 548,400 Internal Commerce :. 85,807 122,946 98,950 Internal Taxes...... 33],163 465,252 4]4,000 Fines, Fees, Perquisites, etc...... ]32,600' 190,265 ]22,850 Government Realizations...... 153,572 3]8,527 257,000 Government Stocks...... 87,200, 2il,900 .. <;lash in the Treasury April 1, 1880 ; :...... 338,880 ------.~-- $1,]5],713 $1,703,736 $1,780,080 Estimated,.' .. EXPENDITURES. 1876-78. 181'8--80. 18m-82. Civil List '$ 76,000'$ 65,5W $ 104,000 Permanent Settlements...... 14,025 ]5,075 ]9,600 Legislature and Privy Council. 22,080 16,523 20,300 .Judiciary Department...... 7],743 79,667 96,587 Department of 'War.. 54,642 67,993 * . Department of Foreign Affairs...... 32,036 36,830 ]33,100 .Department of Interior...... 370,220 656,8lO 1,233,920 Department of Finance...... 244,387 260,0,57 333,279 Department of Attorney-GeneraL...... 9.5,861 123,664 166,200 Bureau ,of Public Instruction...... 71,721 79,60,5 89,020 1\1iscellaneous...... 46,757 93,973 ...... ,.... Is 1,110,4721$ 1,495,6971$ 2,196,006 ":Merged into Department of Foreign Affairs. HAWAIIAN PROVERBS. It is a remarkable fact thllt the Hawaiian language is deficient in proverbs. There are a few, but the matter is so rare to the native mind that the answer frequently to enquiries among them is, that they never heard of any. .Judge Fornander's second volume of The Pol.1jnesian Race gives ll. saying by Kaeo which belong to thiH category: " It is better to fall in battle; many will be the companions in death." In the aecount of "The Rebellion of Kekuokalani" in the Hawaiian Spectator of Ju!y, 1839~ from David Malo's writings a proverb of the ancient Hawaiians is quoted thus " Righteousness enriches a nation; but wicked kings make it poor." This we would be inclined to render as ., Justice" in plaee of righteousness, from our knowledge of the ancient Hawaiian, though the truth is well shown as given above, , Ilnd is similar to the national motto,. "The breath of the land is established in righteousness." . There are many sayings; but largely line quotations from their Meles, or pertaining to some locality that narrows its meaning. 52 VALUE OF FOREIGN COINS IN UNITED STATES MONEY, AS PROCLAIMED BY THE TREASURY DEPARTMENT JAN UARY, 1881. ..,r:n : Z t:l COUNTRY. MONETARY UNrJ;. :- STANDARD COIN. ?" -·------1·---·------.------Austria •••••••••••• Florin •••••••••••••••• Silver.. $ 41.3 Belgium••••••••••• Franc.•••••••••••••••• G. &; S. 19.3 5,10, and 20 francs. Bolivia •••••••••••• Boliviano.•••••••••••• Silver.. ~3.6 Brazil •.•••..•••••• Milreis of 1000 rels••• Gold... 54.5 None. Br. Po.s.in N.Am. Dollar ••.••••••••• : ••• GOld ••• 100 Celltral America•• Peso•••••••••••••.•••• SlIver.. 83.6 Peso. ChiU•..•••••••••••• Peso.•••.••••••••••••. Gold... 91.2 Condor, doubloon, escudo. Denmark Crown Gold... 26.8 10 and 20 crowns. f . Ecuador Peso Silver.. 9"3.5 Peso. Egypt Pound of 100 piasters Gold... 4 97.4 5, 10, 25, and 50 piasters. Frllnc·e Franc G. &; S. 19.3 5,10, and 20 francs. Great Britain Pound sterling Gold... 4 86.6 Half-sovereign. and .•overeign. Greece; Drachma G. &; S. 19.3 \ 10, 20, 50, und 100 drachmus. German Empire Mark Gold... 23.8 5, 10, and 20 malks. Japan Yen Gold... 99.7 1,2,5,10, and 20 yen. . India ; Rupeeoflbanna••••. Silver.. 39.7 Italy Lira (I. &; S. 19.3 5,10,20,50, and 100 Ure. Liberia Dollar Gold... 1 00 ],[exico Dollar ••••••••••.••••• Silver.. 00.9 Peso or dol., 5, 10,25,50 centavo•. Netherlands Florin G. &; S. 40.2 Norway Crown Gold... 26.8 10 and 20 crowns. Peru 801 Silver.. !l3.6 Portugal Milrels of 1000 reis Gold... 1 08 2, 5, and 10 mllrels. f. Russia Roull!e of 100 copeck. Silver.. 66.9~, Yo, and 1 lOuble. l;andwich Islands. Dollar G. &; S. 1 00 Spain Peseta oflOOcentlmes G. &; S. 19.3 5,10.20.50, and 100 pesetas. Sweden Crown Gold... 26.8 10 and 20 crowns. Switzerland Franc G. &. S. 19.3 5,10, and 20 francs. Tripoli Mahbnb of 20 piasters Silver.. 74.8 Tnuis Piaster of 16 caroubs. Silver.. 11.8 Turkey Piaster Gold... 104.3 25,50,100,250, and roo plasters. U. S. of Colombia. PeBo Silver.. 83.6 The above table exhibits the values in United States money of account, of the pure gold or silver representing, respectively, the monetary units and slandard coins of foreign countries, in compliance with the Act of Congress of March 3d, 1873, which provides .. that the value of foreign coin **** shall be that of the pure metal of such coin of standard value;" SURF BATHING. Among the various sports and pastimes of the ancient Hawaiians, but few now remain to them, the principal one of which-enjoyed equally, we might.say, by spectator and participant-is that of surf bathing, Q1' mGil".e 'Pl-operly speaking, surf-riding.' There are a few 10calitiesoJll each of the islandswhere this sport can be practiced when the weather allows and the surf' is at the right height; but of the different locations .known to us, Rilo seems to hold the palm. Tho people of Kauai generally held the credit of excelling in all the sports of the islands. At one time they sent their champion surf-rider to compete with chiefs in the sport at Hawaii, who showed them for the first time man's ability t<> shoot, or ride, with the surf without a surf board. 53 Table or Foreign Coins Adopted as the' Current Ra.tes in Honolulu, H. I. By resolution of His Majesty the King in Privy Council, and pub lished by the Finance Department June 17, 1872, the values of the following coins have been fixed and determined at the rates set oppo-' site to them, respectively, viz.~ GOLD. U. 8. HF. DOLB'I GOLD. u. 8. HF. DOLS. US Double Eagle, at : 4O Italian 20 Lire, at : 8 US Eagle, at ; 20 Itali~n 10 Lire, at ,.· .4 US Half Eagle, at l0 RUSSIan 5 Roubles, at •.· 8 US Quarter Eagle, at..: 5 .' Eng and Austr ~overeigns, at 10 SILVER. Eng and Austr Hf Sovs, at 5 French 5 Francs, at ~ French 50 Francs, at 20 Mexican Dollar, old die, at 2' French 20FranCll' at 8 Belgian 5 Francs,.at 2 French 10 Francs, at.: 4 Italian 5 Lire, at 2 English Shilling, Spanish, Mexican (old die) and Peruvian Quarter Dollars at 25 cents each. ' . . Other coins than the above are not current, or legal tender, in the Hawaiian Islands. The following are the values at which the several respective named coins pass, viz.: Mexican Dollar, new die 70 cts Half Dollar, new die 35 cts Chilian Dollar, un Peso 70 cts Half Dollar 35 cts Peruvian Dollar, Sol 70 cts Half Dollar 35 cts Half Crown, English 50 cts Florin, English ; ~ 35 cts Rupee, India 3o? cts This additional list we give for the benefit of strangers here and inquirers abroad, though it must be understood by the Privy Council Table preceding that they are uncurreht, and persons are not. obliged to take them. All import duties and ihterest on Government Bonds shall be paid in U. S. coin or its equivalent; One Set Specimen Hawaiian Postage Stamps, Unused, Of 1, 2, 2, 2, 5, 6, 12, 13 and 18 cents, mounted on card, shOWing name of figures; denominations and time of issue, sent' to any address, by registered mail, for $1 50. This gives a complete set of the" Bust" or engraved stamps to date, (Nov. 1881,) and can be had only of ~he un dersigned. Remittances can be mailed in U. S. currency, or stamps. Address THOS. G. THRUM, Honolulu. Letters of inquiry must include stamps for reply, or they will not be answered. 54 L!ST OF FREE IMPORTS FROM THE UNITED STATES BY TREATY. Agricultural Implements, Animals. Bacon, Beef, Books, Boots and Shoes, Bullion, Bran, Bricks, Bread and Breadstuffs of all kinds, Butter. Cement, Cheese, Coal, Cordage, Copper and Composition Sheathing, Cotton and Manufactures of Cotton, bleached and unbleached, and whether or not colored, stained,painted or printed.. Doors, Sashes and Blinds. Eggs, Enginf's and parts thereof. . Fish and O:ysters, and all other creatures living in the water, and the products thereof; Fruits, Nuts and Vegetables, green, dried or un dried, preserved or unpreserved; Flout·, Furs. Grain. Ham, Hardware, Harness, Hay; Hides, dressed or undressed; Hoop Iron. Ice; Iron and steel, and manufactures thereof ; Nails, Spikes and Bolts, Rivets, Brads or Sprigs, Tacks. Lard; Leather, and all manufactures thereof; Lumber and Timber of all kinds, round, hewed, sawed, and manufactured in whole or in IJart; Lime. :Machinery of all kinds, Meal and Bran, Meats, fresh, smoked or preserved. Nails, :Naval Stores, including Tar, Pitch, Resin, Turpentine, raw and rectified. Oats. Paper, and all manufactures of Paper or of Paper and'Vood, Petro leum, and all Oils for illuminating or lubricating purposes; Plants, Shrubs, Trees and Seeds, Pork. Rice. SaIt, Shooks, Skins and Pelts, dressed or undressed; Staves and Headings, Starch, Stationer~" Soap, Sugar, refined or unrefined. Tallow, Textile Manufactures made of a combination of wool, cotton, silk or linen, or of any two or more of them, other. than when ready made clothing; Tobacco, whether in leaf or manufactured. 'Vagons and Carts for the purposes of agriculture or of drayage, 'Vood and manufactures of 'Voou, or'Vood and Metal, except Furni ture either upholstered or carved, and Carriages; 'Vool and manufac tures of 'Vool, other than ready-made clothing. 11iir For full particqlars of Reciprocity Treaty, see Annual for 1877· 51 THE LAVA FLOW OF 1881. On the evening of November 5, 1880, an eruption broke out near the summit of Mauna Loa, to which a brief allusion was made in the Annual for 1881, and in connection therewith it was stated that the indications were that the flow of lava would soon cease.. This outbreak however proved to be one of the grandest efforts of the goddess Pele in her home in that old volcanic mountain, and continued with varying activity for a period of nine months. The new crater is some twelve miles south-east of, and below the summit crater of jJfokuaVleoweo, and the point from which the lava stream issued. was six miles distant from the crater. For a few days after the outbreak there were three streams of lava. One flowed north ward toward Ma~na Kea,but lasted only a few days. The Kau stream. flowed toward Kilauea, and during its short life of less than a' week traveled, a torrent of liquid fire; a distance of twenty-five miles. The main body of the lava discharge then continued eastward towards the sea, alid was known as the Hilo flow. In January there was a great diminution in the activity at the cra ter, and the flow progressed very slowly until during. the month of May, when the eruption broke out with renewed vigor and the river of lava began to moye more.rapidly. 'l'he heavy timber back of Hilo re-, tarded its progress for a time, but at last this barrier was broken through, and the fiery fluid pursued its way over the undulating stretch of country overgrm,-nwith ferns and grasses, towards the town of Hilo, which for a time seemed fated. The first, and happily the only damage done to personal property, was the destruction of the grass house and taro patches of John Hall, a half-caste, about four and a half miles from Hilo, on the night of the 11th of June. The branch of the flow known as the \Vaiakea stream was making directly for the vVaiakea Mill, situated on the bay near the town of lIilo; and on the 9th ofAugust, whenthe flow died out, if; was nearly three-quarters of a mile distant. This was the largest and longest continueddischarge of lavafrom Mauna Loa in re cent years, and had it continued a few days longer and reached the sea, would have been the most destructive.' Not only Hilo, but its harbor, were thus saved, as it were, b~y a miracle at the last moment. This erupt.ion will be of more interest historically than any previous one from the fact that 1\1r. Charles Furneaux, an artist, arrived here, from Boston just before the outbreak and made volcanic action a close study during a sojourn of several months on Hawaii while the flow continued. :A series of over forty sketches, faithfully portraying the appearance of the flow at different times and at various stages of its IJrogrcss, will be invaluable to students of volcanic phenomena. A number of excellent photographic views were also obtained by our local photographers. 8 58 HAWAIIAN ENTOMOLOGY. PREPARED FOR THE ANNUA.I.. BY REV." T~ BLACKBURN, B. 'A.. It is right to explain that this' article lias been written in conse qlience of a request made to the author by the editor of the AL~IANAC which the former found it difficult either to comply with or to refuse. The difficulty in complying arose from the author's consciousness that the occasional scraps of leisure time in which he had been able to study the details of the sUbject had not been sufficient to justify him in professing to treat it exhaustively; the difficulty in refusing, fl·onl. the belief that his general familiarity with the outlines of tha subject (acquired long ago in college, and even school, days) possibly rendered him better able to undertake the task thanany other person whose pcn might be available. rrhe scales were finally turned in favor of com pliance, by the consideration that the appearance of an article on Ha waiian entomology might stimulate some of the residents on the islands to embark in the study of a comparatively ,unexplored field of natural history, and so furnish them with a pure, a refined, and a deeply interesting occupation for leisure that might otherwise be wasted, or worse; while at the same time the author might venture' on a few lines of personal explanation to screen himself from blame if omissions should be detected in his work. It is proposed, then, in the following pages to give a slight sketch of what is known con cerning Hawaiian entomology and what has been pUblished thcreon; with the proviso that while the author can vouch for the accuracy of all his positive assertions, onlissions, especially in respect of the biblio graphy of the subject, are quite possible. , The number of distinct species of Hawaiian insects at present exist ing in museums .and other collections' is probably not less than a thousand, of which less than half have been named and desc'ribed. It will be convenient to treat the orders (i. e. primary groups iI).to which insects are divided) seriatim in furnishing more detailed information The first order, Orthoptera (consisting of ear-wigs, locusts, crickets, cockroaches, &c.), is not very strongly represented on the Islands in respectto species, notWithstanding that a few species occur in numbers thatrender them pests. Of the ear-wigs none have been classified and described in a complete manner, although Kotzebue in his" Voyage of Discovery," vol. iii, 1821, gives a fragmentary account of one of them, which he deemed remarkable. Of the locust;!, the common green species that ,infests houses when lamps arC' lighted appears to be identical with Elimcea parumpunctata, Serv., well' known in Eastern Asia, the Philippine Islands, &c.; and otherS not yet identi fied occur among the mountains. No true grasshoppers are known to O\)cur, and though several crickets abound none of them have been identified. No species of the ext~nsive family .Mantidce ha;! been ob- 59 served. Of the cockroaches several speCies have been investigated. The large winged form, which is,the most obnoxious member of the family, and the smaller wingless one with variegated colors, which runs it close in obnoxiousness (Periplaneta Americana, L. and, P. de~ corata, Brun.), are both of evil fame throughout the world, though es~ pecially in \varm climates; in'Europe they are not plentiful enough, as compared with other species, to attract much notice. Another com mon cockroach (Eleutheroda dytiscoidcs, Serv.), smaller, tree-fre quenting, and of a dark color, is only kn{)wn in the islands (including Australia) of the Pacific Ocean, and is one of the most peculiar and individualized tYPE(S of the,i'amily., Noneof th~ cockroaches peculiar to the Hawaiian Islands have been described and studied by natural~ 1sts. ' ' Of Hawaiian beetles (Coleoptera) about 500 species ~xist ii>. collec tions, of which probably more than one half are named. They'are for the most part small and obscure, but highly interesting to mituralists. Some 80 Plir cent. of them are unknown in other parts of the world. Of the very remarkable family Agl.1fcyderidm more than 90 per cent. of the species known in the world are peculiar to the Hawaiian archi~ pelago; while the numerous and brightly colored family Phytophages ,(of Lacordaire) is not known to occur at all ; probably,there is no other place where it is absent. The proportion of genera confined to the islands is extra()rdinariy large: Very little information has been recorded concerning the Hawaiian Neuroptcra. The three large and common species of dragon fly are well known and widely distributed inotherlands. Among tl\e insects of th~ " Galathea" expedition was a dragon fly said to be pecullar to the Islands, which was described as Anax strenuuB, but its distinction from allied forms is not considered certain. There are cOllsiderable numbers of small dragon flies, Termitidm (white ants) &c., which have not yet found a student,and among which doubtless many'interestlllg indigenous types would richly repay study. In JIymenoptera the Islands are probably richer than in any other order. Among the wild bees, a very large species, found in South America also (Xylocopa mneipcnnis De Geer), of which the male is yel low and'the female black, abounds in many localities and does much damage by hollowing out nests ir;t timber; whire a smaller species of a beautiful golden brown'color, (3fegachUc diligcns, Smith,) may often be ,seen in plenty flying around old masonry, in crevices of which it constructs an ingenious nest of leaves. There are many r.mall specjes of bee belonging to the sub-family Andrenidm, which like the prl)ceding are peculiar to the Islands. The lmown'wasps consi8t of a fine yellow Polistes (also common in California), and a long series of Odyneru8 not recorded from other countries, many of which are handsomely colored. One of these latter (Odynel'us maurus, Smith), a black species, must be reckoned a pest (;n account of its habit of building' mud 60 nests inside houses. Some interesting fossorial· lIymenoptera have been observed. One or'them (Pelopeeus flavipes, Fab.), foun~ also hl America, is a gaily colored insect of considerable size, and may fre quently be observed hovering about small pools of ,vater on the roads. Ants are numerous, though not so severe a scourge as in some·other countries. The most abundant species iIi. houses is known to natural ists as the" house ant of Madeira" (Pheidolc pusilla, Heer). It seems to have made its way all over the world. The other ants are compara tively harmless, save that one of them (Solenopsis geminata Smith), tree frequenting in its habits, stings very viciously. Scarcely any of the numerous 'rerebrunt Hymenoptera have received attention from naturalists i the most useful and interesting among .them is }Jerhaps Evania lwvigata, Linn., whichis parasitic on cockroaches and is com mon in most tropical countries. 'nie Hawaiian Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) are but little known. About a hundred species have been named and Q..escribed,~ probably less than half the total eXisting in ·museums and collections, and not a quarter of the total existing in nature. These insects are for the most part small and obscure. As regards butterflies, their scarcity is a characteristic of the Islands that most people regref. The number of species known up to the present time is eight, of which one or two may possibly be extinct, while four seem confined to special localities, leaving only two of general occurrence, viz, Danais archippu8 (a large red-brown butterfly variegated with black and brown markings), and Vanessa pardvi, Linn. (the painted lady,) both of which are widely distributed over the earth. Four species of Sphingina (haWk moths) have been identified, of which two are peculiar to the Islands, one .)f world"wide distribution, and the last (a large grey moth marked with 1'ose color, well knowll through its propensity for flying into lighted rooms,) is widely di",tributet in America..There is also at least one more species of hawk moth as yet unstudIed. 'rhe remainder of the .known Lepidoptera are smaller and less noticeable-moths; it is hardly necessary, however, to say that among them are lIot a few which when closely examined are !'lean to be remarkable for the beauty and deli cacyof their marJ{ings. The IlemiptQra 'and Homoptcra (bugs) of the Islands arerepresented in collections by upwards of a hundred Bpecies, of which probably somewhat less than half have attained the dignity of a distinctive name. This family of insects has acquired a bad reputation through the evil deeds of one of its members, but the case is not one in which the motto "CriTn1:ne ab uno disce omnes" would lead to correct conclu sions i for the" bugs" in geneml are of far different disposition froni their voracious brother, passing their lives far from. the haunts of men and perfectly satisfied with a vegetable (or at any rate an hlsect) diet. The Diptera (tWO-Winged flies) close the tale of Hawaii;tll insect life with a ver~' poor story. The species occurring on the'Islands probably .. number hundreds, but it is doubtful whether fifty are represented in collections, and the writer is not aware of any at all having beett named and described. The Diptera inciude among them niore'than their share of the insect pests of w:i.rm climates, in the shape of mos quitoes, flies. (in the popular acceptance of the terrn) and fleas, which latter, though not winged, are supjJo.9cd to be,-i. c. their struc ture in other respects leads to 'the inference that they are two-winged flies whose 'Wings are rarely or never developed. Before leaving this part of the SUbject it will be well to remark that :~ the name II insect" is applied by naturalists only to articulate animals, undergoing metamorphosis, and having normally in the perfect state , the equivalent of six legs and four wings: Hence many ereaturespop7 ularly called insects have no real claim to the name, and on that ac count are not referred to in this article. It remains to furnish the following list of books in which Hawaiian entomology isat least referred to: II Voyage of Discovery," Kotzebue, vol III, 1821: II :Meyen's Reise um die erde," Erichson, Cros Act. Acad. 1834. " Voyage de l'Astrolabe," Boisduval. II Essai sur· 'les Coleopteres de la Polynesie," par l\f. L. Fairmaire. Paris, 1849. . II Entomologist's l\Ionthly Magazine," vols. XIV-XYII. Van Voorst, London." ' ".\nnals and. l\Iagazineof Nat. Hist.," vaIs, xx (Fourth Series), I (Fifth Series), amIIII (Fifth Series). Taylor & Francis, London. II New Species' of Hym.enoptera in the British Museum." 18i9. Taylor & Francis, London. 41 Linnroan Society's Journal," vol. ,XIV, London. u 'rransactions of the London Entomological Society. 18i8...,1881. " Annales de la Soc. Ent. de Belgique." 18i8. " Berliner cntom. Zeitschrift," Bd. xxv; 1881. THE CULTIVATED SUGAR CANES OF THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. For several reasons it ~vould be impossible, and also perhap!'! unnec essary for the present purpose, to give any scientific classification of the canes grown here. All under cultivation and grown for sugar making arc comprehended under one general name, and are not even specifically distinct, beingnlere varieties of the natural order grami- . fWW and the genu8saceharum ojJicinurum. Of those illdigenolls there are probably about five varieties,ltnd were mentioned in a former edition of this work, descl'iptively, although 62 without their native appellations. These are, viz: The Ko-kea, a greenish-white variety which in earlier times, and before the superior qualities of Lahaina cane, or kenikeni, were generally known, was largely planted. This cane grows straight and tall, and is much es teemed by the natives for eating, as it is brittle, sweet and juicy when young, but with age becomes hard. As a plantation cane it has been graduall~' superseded by the more profitable Lahaina variety, until it is now rarely grown for practical purposes. Than Lahaina or Cuban, its growth is less rapid, its rattoons less abundant and enduring; but it is pre-eminently better adapted than either of these varieties to with- stand drouth, and for high upland cultivation. . Ainakea, a ribbon cane, green and purple; grows well on high land, is rich in juice, but requires much moisture and rattoons poorly. OUana, a yellowish-white kind, never much esteemed on any account, and abounding, in woody fiber. Purple canes of two kinds, and named respectively Papaa and Palani, both of which are esteemed by the natives as food, being soft and juicy, but held in light account for sugar making, being of comparatively slow growth and ratooning scantily. A third variety of purple cane, named Honuaula, mayor may not have been indigenous, as old native authorities, seem todiffer on the point. It is a poor variety, deficient in juice, and extremely tough in external as well as internal texture. In all we have growing about sixteen or seventeen varieties of which the writer has knowledge. Many varieties, however, have been re cently imported from Australia; but whether any of them are distinct from those of which the native names are given, orare mere duplicates of those already here, it would be difficult yet to say, as information has been vainly sought for upon the subject. or those commonly known as imported, the following are the names, with a brief description in each~ase: Ken'ikeni, or Lahainq cane, is greenish-white with prominent buds or eyes, and with abundant acic ul:\r pricldy down on the cylindrical bases of the leaveswhich envelope the stem. The integument is moderately hard, but the inside is soft and juicy; the growth is rapid, and it is especially distinguished for its rattooning qualities. For its rapid and luxuriant growth it re quires considerable moisture, but will withstand drouth equally well with most other canes. , It thrives at all altitudes of less than 1,500 feet, but grows rapidly in inverse ratio to the elevation. It is on many accounts the most universally esteemed of all canes grown here, and is everywhere, excepting at. great elevations, planted to the almost total cxe1usion of othcr varieties. With deep planting, and in suitable lo~ calities (as at Lahaina), it has been known to yield as many as six or seven good rattoon crops. Next to Lahaina cane, and inferior to it in few qualities that make cane valuable, is the Cuban, or Ko Pake. It is equally rich in juice, rattoons as well, grows as rapidly, and perhaps more thickly; is softer .. 63 and more easily II trashed," partly on account of the absence of cili ary prickers on the leaves, and their tendency to drop naturally from the stem '''hen dry. In appearance it closely.resembles Lahaina cane, but the joints difter in bulging midway between their extremities. Its . disadvantages are, the softness of its rind, which renders it more liable than the Kenikeni to the attacks of rats and borers, and its liability to split open and sour in the presence of too much moisture. This latter disadvantage, however, is confined to its cultivation on rainy uplands. Uala, a cane that is yellow both inside and out, is a variety that ~ seems to have attracted less attention than its merits deserve, and is but little cultivated. In good soil and at moderate elevations it grows l~xuriantlywhen well watered. It is soft and juicy, and in the dis trict of Kau, on Hawaii, it is said to thrive better than any other variety excepting the Puaole, or non-flowering cane. Another name for it is Uleohui. . Puaole, a cane that never tassels, isvariegated, presenting, however, less distinctly contrasted colors than most of the ribbon varieties. It is striped reddish-brown, yellow and green. It is soft, and rich in juice of high specific gravity, grows well at any, and. is especially adapted for cultivation at high altitudes, as the rapidity and size of its growth are less affected by elevation than that of perhaps any other known variety; and where at great elevations the proper maturity of canes is slowly reached, its inherent indisposition to flower flts it to acquire a growth equalh,d by that of no other canes. For lowland, growth itis less adapted than some other canes before mentioned, both on account of slower growth and its limited rattooning qualities. Of the ribbon canes there are five well known varieties (including that before mentioned as indigenous), four of which are externally dark in color and one white and green, with a somewhat similar vari·· egation extending also to the leaves. The latter, named Laukono, is worthless of consiqeration in comparison with the dark varieties, alt of which present qualities which, under certain circumstances, make' them valuable in sugar culture. The names of the darker varieties are:, Ainakea (indigenous), Akilolo, Akoki, and Manulele.In external appearance they all very nearly resemble one another; but the dark and light stripes are more distinctlycontrasted in that first mentioned,. whil~ in the last named the minimum of contrast is reached, the colors being a coppery-brown and dark buff. These canes are all of mode mtely rapid growth, are jUicy, and with the exception of the last, are soft. All afford a good amount of saccharine matter. In point of value generally, they occupy a position between the more approved white canes and the purple. As a rule they thrive at high altitudes, Where ;the Lahaina and Cuban are less SUited, but they all afford very infe rior rattooIls. . The purple canes are comparll¢h~ely of little value as sugar pro ducers, being slow of .growtb, deficient in rattooning qualitie~and 64 requiring much moisture. Their names have before been mentioned as indigenous. LaMand Uahiapele are inferior white canes, unworthy of more ex- tended notice. . . " Judging of the varieties of cane common to the Islands merely by the names to be collected in various localities, one would be led to es timate their number as largely in excess of the actuality; but when the effect of provincialisms in multiplytng names is taken into ac count, that the words of the Hawaiiau tongue "are picturesrather than colorless and abstraCt symbols of ideas," that mode of culture and lo cality are not without their effect in varying the color and externa~ contourof many canes, it becomes more apparent how by comparison many of the names might be found "to be s~Tnonymous. The nam~s given, although perhaps not including all the canes grown here, still represent those n;1Ost commonly known, and quite generally so under the titles given. A. C. S. RETROSPECT OP THE YEAR 1881'. The weather throughout the year has been uniformly pleasant, with a more extended period of trade winds than has been experienced for years past, and less of southerly airs and calms. Rains also have been, frequent during the year, so that temperature and water supply have been satisfactory. This has been the experience, with a few excep tions, throughout the Islands; and in consequence we look upon the period under review as one in which the planting interests ofthe group have been remarkably favored, and the returns have been increased over former years, both in sugar and rice growilJg, so that we can safely say there havc been no drawbacks to speak of. "'l'he labor sup ply has also been more ample for planters' requirements, so that we learn of no detriment to crops through insufficiency of help at the time desired, thou"gh on several plantations we regret to record trouble among the laborers, all of which has been with foreigners, that sets a bad example to the quiet, easy-going Hawaiians. It is an undenia ble fact that our labor problem is yet f). vexed and unsolved question, the solution of which is apparently not to be attained for years to come without concerted action is maintained among planters them selves. The very large influx of Chinese during the early part of the year afforded.no apparent relief to sugar or rice plantations in modify ing the rates of wages, which have materially advanced since the workings of the Treaty were entered upon, as they are found to be un der sworn secret society obligations to maintain rates or figures found existing; and to secure sufficient to break such a monopoly would be 65 to endanger our commercial relations and lose our nutonomy. It is to be hoped thnt wise stntesmnnship in the coming Legislature will pave the way to solve the difficulties of this Chinese question, which is rap r idly assuming alarming proportions. The Norwegians. as a whole, have failed to satisfy the expectations of the promoters of this costly scheme, as have also the South Sea Islanders, while the Portuguese seem to present elaims for favorable consideration and will prove likely to become permanent settlers, evincing already the inclination to be come "small farmers." The East India coolie scheme has again been examined into, but with the likelihood of an adverse decision when the Commissioner shall have made up and presented his report. , The sugar crup exported this year has exceeded the estimation given in"'the last Annul1l, being 44,000 tons; but we have no means of ar riving at the amount of the local consumption of the Islands, which would materially increase the figures given as our year's production. In estimating for the coming crop we would note several extensions, the principal one of which is that of the Hawaiian Commercial Company on.Maui, with its three combined mills at Spreckelsville, which is being pushed rapidly forward to take care of its exten sive fields of cane. New mills have been erected and improvements made also at other plantations, with a view of working economically both in steam power andmanuallabo!. To this end the Honolulu Iron vVorks have turned out quite a number of "triple effects" for various plantations this year. Tramways, or portable railroads, have also been p introduced on several plantations, for the conveyance of cane to the mills and freight to and fro. The estimate for the crop of 1881-2 is placed at 65.000 tons, based upon personal reports as far as obtainable. Rke cultivation continues to extend its area, while fabulous rates are paid for leases or purchases of lands:suitable for the same, and the " wages paid in the gathering season-of which there are two crops ea~h year-are at figures far beyond what sugar growing will warrant. The exports for the past twelve months have been 6,627,000 Ibs. rice and 102,370 lbs. paddy, being a gain of 1,098,930 lbs. over last year. The estimate for next year's export is placed at about 8,000,000 lbs. Itwill be noticed that paddy again figures among our exports, though the two steam rice mills on our city front have an excellent reputation for turning out first-class grades. The third steam rice mill, projected at the time of our lnst writing, has been abandoned, though there/ are a number of crude Chinese tread-mills in Honolulu, and in fact through~ out the rice districts of the Islands, that prepare a large portion of No.2 and plantation rice. The table of domestic exports for the three quarters of 1881 as com pared with the same period of 1880, onpage 19, shows a continued gain in vallIe in our restricted lines, principally of 'sugar, rice, wool, etc. Coffee, we regret to learn, has but little attention now given to its cul- ) vation; which fact, together with the long blight trouble, has reduced r, it to but a few thousand pounds over local trade wants. 9 66 Shipping interests throughout the year, both coastwise and foreig"r have been active. There has been no increase to speak of in the coast ing fleet except the steamer Iwalani; for the Kona and Kau trade; and we take pleasure in noting that the disasters to the fleet this J'ear have been comparatively light, and the weather on the whole very favorable indeed. In arrivals and departures of foreign vessels at Honolulu there has been no cessation in the activity noticed the past few years, while Kahului has gained considerably. Mahukolla has come in this year for several direct shipments of lumber, etc., for the extension of inter- ests in the Kohala district. The San Francisco packets, now five lines, ...( employ fifteen vessels regularly, with frequent chanceadditions. Steps arc being taken, we learn, toward an extension-in one or more of the regular lines, with the prospect also of opening up again the Oregon packet trade. 'fIle general business of Honolulu has continued with but little event throughout the year, the imports being ample for the demand or con sumption, and the fact that little in the way of heavy and extravagant imports has occurred strengthens us in the belief that the commercial interests of the Islauds are in a healthy condition. Through the cour tesy of the Collector General, \V. F. Allen, we fInd our imports for the nine months of 1881 up to September 30th, to be $2,4:W,312, an increase of $75,402 over the same period of last year. The proportion of these- /' imports are-,-$937,63-1 dutiable, $225,108 bonded, and $1,283,570 free by treaty. The domestic exports for the same time foot up $5,385,098, which shows a gain of $1,10-1,63-1 over the same period of last year. The period of small-pox epidemic, with the exception of a few cases on Kauai, was confined entirely to Honolulu by rigid quarantine re strictions of passenger traffic with the other islands. Lasting as it did for eight months, it was endured with much privation and hardship, and during its prevalence a general stagnation of business prevailed. The total nunber of cases was 789; of which 28D, or a little over 36 per cent., were fatal. Honolulu is undergoing a change during this year that bills fair to eclipse any former period of her history, for not only are there sub stantial improvernents in business portions of the city, but in the erection of dwellings in the suburbs we know of no period of equal ac tivity, especially on the plains east of Honolulu proper, and of a dass too that speaks well for the culture and taste of our I"l€OPIe. \Vith the continued success ofartesian wells in that direction for a water sllpply, lit bids fair to he thickly settled and built up at no distant dajr. Real estate'in consequence has maintained full figures throughout the year. Through the efficiency of the Fire Department, and the care of our people, fires fortunately have been few and with no great amount of damage resulting. _For the better protection of l)rOperty a new bell has been procured for the tower, and the city divided into twelve dis tricts so us to be the better able to direct alarins. 67 Railroad matters at Kohala; Hawaii, are assuming' proportions that promise big things for the district in the near future, as about thirteen miles from :Mahukona have already been graded and tracks laid ready for the locomotive to arrive. \Vharves have been built, . storehouses, dwellings, restaurant, workshops, etc., have been erected and the place given every appearance of life and energy that its pro moter, Han. S. G. \Vilder, usually gives to all his undertakings. It is proposed at present to carry the road in as far as Niulii, a distance of eighteen miles in which it will serve six plantations. As to its future >-- course to Hamakua, whether by coast line, or over the mountains by way of \Vaimea, we believe it is not yet fully decided upon. A very thorough trial of artesian well boring is going on at Ma .hukona at the present writing, the same having been sunk 670 feet, and it is to be hoped that success will crown the effort, as it will be a great boon to that part of the district. 'l'he period under review will be noted on account of the tour of the King around the world, he having sailed from Honolulu January 20, accompanied by His Ex. \V. N. Armstrong, Attorney-General, as Commissioner of Immigration, and Hon. C. H. Judd, Chamberlain. The course of travel was to San Francisco, thence to Japan, China,. Siam, India, Egypt, Italy, Germany, France, Spain, Portugal, Eng land, Scotland and the United ,States, returning home again October 20th, for which active preparations had been made by all classes for a hearty welcome. It is a matter of congratulation that our King has been received everywhere with the highest honors, and returns to his little Kingdom in the full enjoyment of health and with an experience from personal observation that will be of incalculable benefit. FORTHCOMING HAWAIIAN POSTAL CARDS AND STAMPS. \Vith January 1, 1882, Hawaii will become one of the Universal Postal Union countries, and in view of the change of postage rates, as also for greater postal facilities, both inter-island and foreign, the fol lowing postal cards and stamps have been .ordered : One cent postal card (inter-island), with face and bust of H. H. H. Liliuokalani, encir cled by a wreath peculiarly Hawaiian in design; color, brick-red. Two cent postal card, for near foreign use (see Postal 'fable), will have for its stamp the view of Diamond Head, with appropriate scroll sur roundings; color, black. 'l'llree cent postal card, for distant foreign use, will have the PUIOlllou and 'forch sticks crossed; color,' light green. In stamps, perforated, and of a uniform. style to those in pres ent usc, the denominations are of one, ten and fifteen cents cents, as follows: The one cent stamp, with face and bust of H. R. H. Likelike, will be similar in desig'n anll color to the Nova Scotia five ccnt stamp, which is blue. 'fhe ten cent stamp will be similar in design and color 68 to the Newfoundland ten cent stamp, black,· with portrait of King Kalakaua. The fifteen cent stamp, with face and bust of Queen Kapi~ olnni, will be similar in design to the recent Newfoundland three cent stamp, but will be reddish-brown in color. All the stamps will have "I-Iawaii" at the top, and tIie values, in words, beneath. SUGAR PLANTATIONS AND MILLS. Those marked with an asterisk (*) are planters only. '1'hose marked with a dagger (t) are' mills only. All others are plantations complete, owning their own mills. Pepekeu Plantation I-lilo, I-Iawaii.. C. Afong 'Wailuku Plantation :Wailuku, MauL C Brewer & Co Brewer & Crowningburg'* Makawao, Maui.. C Brewer & Co East Maui Plantation Makawao, Maui.. C Brewer & Co I-Iuelo Plantation'" I-Iamakua, Maui.. C Brewer & Co Onomea PlantatioJ;l" I-lilo, Hawaii.. C Brewer & Co Paukaa Plantation Hilo, Hawaii.. C Brewer & Co Honomu Plantation Hilo, Hawaii.. C Brewer & Co Princeville Plantation Hanalei, Kaui.. C Brewer & Co . /. Hawaiian Agricultural Co Kau, Hawaii. C Brewer & Co Kaneohe Plantation Kancohe, Oahu C Brewer & Co Hitchcock & Co.'s Plant'n Hilo, Hawii.. Castle & 000ke Kohala Plantation : Kohala, HawiL Castle & Cooke 'Vaialua Plantation 'Vaialua, Oahu Castle & Cooke Haiku Plantation No.1} H'l- M . C tI & C I Haiku Plantation No.2 ·· m ,u, aUl as e 00 te Alexander & Baldwin's Pt'n Paia, Maui.. Castle & Cooke JM Alexander Paia, Maui.. CastIe & Cooke Union Mill Co ; Kohala, I-Iawaii.. 'r H Davies Niulii Plantation Kohala, HawaiL TH Davies Beecroft Plantation"' } Hawi Millt. Kohala, Hawaii.. .'r H Davies Montgomery & Co's Plan'n* . Hamakua Plantation'* } H 1 THD .' Humakua Milit. ama ma, :fI"awau...... aVIes Aamano Plantation';' Hamakua, Hawaii.. TH Davies ,Vaiakea Plantation';'} H'l H" THD .- ,Vaiakca J\1illt...... I 0, awau...... aVIeS ,V Lidgate & Co's Plantation.. Laupahoehoe, Hawaii.. TH Davies Kipahulu Milit I-Iana, MauL TH Davies 'Ookala Plantation~ Kohala, Ha'vaii. H Hackfeld & Co Soper, 'Wright & Co"' Ookala, Hawaii.. H I-Iackfeld & Co II. 1\1. 'Vhitney';' : Kau, I-Iawaii.. I-I Hackfeld & Co Ch~lS. 'ValP Kau, Hawaii. H I-Iuckfeld & Co J R. ~1il1s'* HqnQkaa, Hawaii. H Hackfeld & Co 69 r ChI'. L'Orange* , Hanamaulu, Kauai.. H Hackfeld & Co Hanamaulu Millt Hanamaulu, Kauai.. H Hackfelct'& Co A. S. vVilcox';' Hanamaulu, KauaL H Hackfeld & Co KoloaRanch'~ Koloa, Kauai.. H Hackfeld & Co Koloa Plantation.,,, Koloa, Kauai H Hackfeld & Co Grove Farm"' Nawiliwili, Kauai. H Hackfeld & Co Kilauea Plantation ; Kilauea, Kauai.. H Hackfeld & Co Lihue Plantation Lihue, Kauai.. H Hackfeld & Co Kekaha Mill Cot Kekaha, KauaL H Hackfeld & Co Pioneer l\IiIL Lahaina, Maui H Hackfeld & Co Kipahulu Plantation''' Kipahulu, MauL H Hackfeld & Co Hana Plantation Hana, Maui.. H Hackfeld & Co Grove Ranch Plantation Makawao, l\Iaui.. H Hackfeld & Co vVaimanalo SugarCo 'Vaimanalo, Oahu H Hackfeld & Co R. ,V. Meyer Kalae, MolokaL H Hackfeld & Co Kekaha Plantation';' vVaimea, Kauai... E HofIschlaeger & Co AhuimanuPlantation Koolau, Oahu E Hoffschlaeger & Co Fr Bindt* Eleele, Kauai E Hoffschlaeger & Co "Grunt & Brigstock';' Kilauea, Kauai.. E Hoffschlaeger & Co Makee Plantation Ulupalakua, Maui. \V G Irwin & Co vVaihee Sugar Co vVaihee, Maui. ,V G Irwin & Co Hawaiian Commercial Co l\IauL ,V G Irwin & Co l\Iakee Sugar Co Kealia, Kauai.. ,V G Irwin & Co Kealia Plantation Kealia, KauaL. ,V G Irwin & Co .. Honuapo Plantation Kau, Hawaii.. \V G Irwin & Co Naalehu Plantation Kau, Hawaii.. \V G Irwin & Co Hilea Sugar Co Kau, Hawaii.. \V G Irwin & Co Star l\Iillt Kohala, Hawaii.. \V G Irwin & Co Hakalau Plantation Hilo, Hawaii.. ,V G Irwin & Co vVainaku Plantation Hilo, ;Hawaii.. \V G Irwin & Co Paauhau l\Iillt Hamakua, Hawaii...:.. \V G Irwin & Co Paauhau Plantation':' Hamakua, Hawaii.. \V G Irwin & Co Spencer's Plantation Hilo, Hawaii G ,V Macfarlane & Co Heeia Plantation Koolau, Oahu G \V Macfarlane & Co vVaikapu Plantation \Vaikapu, l\Iaui...G VV Macfarlane & Co Huelo l\Iill Cot Huelo, l\Iaui.. G ,V l\Iacfarlane & Co vVaianae Sugar Co ,Vaianae, Oahu G ,V Macfarlane & Co Olowalu Plalltation Olowalu, l\Iaui..... G \V Macfarlane & Co Kamaloo Plantation Mololmi. J McColgan Honokaa Sugar Co Hamakua, Hawaii. FA Schaefer & Co Pacific Sugar MilL Hamakua, Hawaii FA Schaefer & Co Rose & Co"' ,Vaimanalo, Oahu FA Schaefer & Co Eleele Plantation Koloa, Kauai.. F A,Schaefer & Co Thompson & Chapin';' Kohala, HawaiL FA Schaefer & Co Halawa Plantation: Kohala, Hawaii. J. S. \Valker Laie Plantation Laie, Oahu J 'r \Vaterhouse l\Ioa~lUi Plantation l\Iolokai.. \Vong·Leong & C() 70 CASUALTIES OF SHIPPING CONNECTED WITH PORTS OF THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS, 1881. German bark G. F. IIaendel, from Bremen for Honolulu, arrived at the Falkland Islands Nov., 1880, on fire, and afterward sunk. Americam bark Lizzie ]}Iarshall, from Port 'l'ownsend Nov. 25,1881, with a cargo of lumber for Honolulu, went ashore on 'Vhidby Island Nov. 26, and became a total wreck. Dec. 22, 1880, Am3rican bark Eml1td Augusta on leaving Kahului struck on thc reef, knocking off 11('1' false keel and injuring her copper. Hawaiian coasting schooner Liliu went ashore at Kawaihae during heavy weather, Dec. 22, 1880, and became a total wreck. American steamer City of lYew York lost two men overboard, and the J. D. Spreckels lost one, on their passage from San Francisco to Honolulu in December, 1880. Hawaiian barkI:fawaii went ashore on the Island of Tarawa Jan. 21, 1881, and was a total loss. British bark :1Ifary ~1Iidred. from Hongkong bound to Victoria, B. C., put in at Hilo Feb. 2, 1881, for repairs, having carried away her rudder in lat. 400 34' N., Ion. 166 0 10' E. American bark Harvest I:fome, from Departure Bay with a cargo of coal for Honolulu, put into San Francisco March -, 1881, leaking. Repaired and continued her voyage. American steamer City of'New York, on the voyage from the Colo nies, broke 01\e of her crank pins off Tonga Islands .March 3, 1881, and continued the voyage 'with but one engine, arriving at Honolulu 13 days behind time. JUlie 19, 1881, American schooner American Girl from Port Blakely, touched on the reef on entering Kahului, but sustained no damage. British brig Surprise, sailing from Honolulu for San Fmncisco, June 27, 1881, sprung a leak and put into Eleele, Kauai; discharged ~argo and returned to port for repairs. British bark lIIetm'is, from Newcastle with coals for Honolulu, foundered at sea July 29, 1881, six days aftcr leaving port. Aug. 1, 1881, Hawaiian brigantine Storm Bird was wrecked on Bon ham Island. 'Full particulars not yet' receivcd. Americmi brig W: G. Irwin sailed from Honolulu for San Frlll~cisco Sept. 11, 1881. 'Vhen 20 hours out rliscovered that the cross-trees were settling down ou the foremast, so returned to port for repairs and then continued her voyage. . Nov. 3, 1881, Russian corvette Plastoun on leaving the port of Hono lulu collided with the schooner lIIana, carrying away the foreyard and . fore-topsail yard of the former, and splitting the mainsail and carry ing away the main gaff of the latter. 71 HAWAIIAN ISLANDS POSTAL SERVICE. General Post Office, Honolulu, Oahu.-Jno. M. Kapena, P. 1\I. G. Assistants-J. 1\1. Oat, Jr., D. :Manaku, \Yainee, Nuha. POSTMASTERS ON OAHU. \Yaialua S. N. Emerson I \Yaianae J. L. Richardson ICaneohe S. I{aulia OVERLAND MAIL ROUTE, OAHU. Leaves Honolulu at 10 A. 1\1. on \Yednesday, each week, for the cir cuit of the Island, arriving back Friday morning. POSTl\iASTERS ON MAUl, MOLORAI AND LANAI. Lahaina T. \Y. Everett Haiku S. T. Alexander \Yailuku E. H. Bailey Paia C. H. Dickey Makawao Jas. Anderson Kahului.. T. H. Hobron Hana A. Unna Kipahulu T. K. Clarke Ulupalakua Mrs. Makee Kaunakakai.. R. \Y. Meyer Kaupo T. \YilIs Kaluaaha, HonomunL J. I~im.a Lanai. Jessie l\Ioorhead OVERLAND MAIL ROUTES, MAUL From Lahaina to \Vailuku, Kahului, Makawao, Kaiku and Dlupa lakua-on Tuesdays or \Vednesdays. Froin Lahaina to Kaanapali and Kahakuloa, weekly, on arrival of steamer Likelike. . From Ulupalakua to Hana, weekly, on arrival of LikeIike mails. From Haiku to Hana, weekly, on arrival of Kilauea Hou mails. From Kahului to Makawao and Haiku, weekly, on arrival of stmr. K!lau POSTMASTERS ON KAUAr. Lihue 0. Scholz I"'Vaimea 8. P. Hanchett Koloa E. 8trehz Hanalei.. C. Koelling IGlauea R. A. lHacfie ICapaa G. H. Dole ICekaha ",V. .1'IIeier OVERLAND MAIL ROUTES, KAVAr. Leaves Lihue for Koloa, ",Vaimea and Hanalei on arrival of steamer, every Tuesday, returning every Friday. lI-IEMBERS OF THE ROYAL ORDER OF KALAKAUA. INSTITUTED 1876. XNIGIITS GRAND CROSS. Honorable W. F. Allen, Secretary and HIS MAJESTY THE KING. Treasurer. His Excellency J. O. Dominis, Chancel- Honorable H. A. Widemann. lor. Claus Spreckels. His Excellency E. H. Allen. Baron Albert yon 13eckendorff, of Prus Honcrable C. R. Bishop.' sia. Honorable A. S. Cleghorn. Hans Kaester, Capbin German Navy. H.M. Francis Joseph of Austria. Charlel' de Livron, Captain Russian H.R.H. Prince Henry of Prussia. Navy. GRAND OFFICERS. H. A. Berger, Hawaiian Consul-General for Sweden and Norway. His Exc.ellency W. L. Green. Honorable C. H. Judd. His Excellency H. A. P. Carter. Prince R. Giedroye, Chamberlain to XNIGIITS COMPANION. H.I.l\I. the Emperor of Russia. Honorable John P. Parker. Honorable A. F. Judd. Pitkin C. Wright. Honorable J. MottSmith. C. Van Dyke Hubbard, of California. Honorable J. JIiI. Kapena. Major C. '1'. Gulick. Archibald MacLean, Captain German Honorable H. Kuihelani. Navy. Honorable A. Fornander. William C. Martin, Hawaiian Charge Guido yon Usedorn, Lieutenant German d'Affairs, Paris. Navy. . Dr. Johannes Rosing, Sup. Privy Coun· August von Heeringen, Untur-Lieuten cilloI', Germany. ant German Navy. Herr Heinrich von Kusserow, Privy Nichalaus Heitzenstein,LieutenantHus- Councillor of Legation, Germany. sian Navy. HisExcellencyWm. Nevins Armstrong. Georile W. Macfarlane. XNIGIITS COMMANDER. William D. Alexander. Honorable S. N. Castle. Honorable Walter M. Gibson. Honorable A. S. Hartwell. William H. Dimond. Honoroble E. O. Hall. John D. Spreckels. Honorable S. G. Wilder. Henry Ueimenschneider. H. W. Severance, Hawaiian Consul, San Da Fonsaca Wolheim, Lieutenant Rus Francisco. sion Navy. Edward Beeve, Hawaiian Consul-Gen- Albrecht Heinrich Paul Landt, Privy General, Sydney. . Registrar Foreign Office, Berlin. 73 MEMBERS OF THE ROYAL ORDER OF KAMEHAMEHA I., INSTITUTED BY KAMEHAMEHA V., 1881. KNIGHTS GRAND CROSS. George Paul Andreas Humbert, Actual HIS MAJESTY THE KING. Chancello'Legation, etc.,Berlin. Charles R. Bisho{l,' Chancellor of the Sir Thomas G. F. Hesketh, Bart. Order. Colonel William N. Wherry. E. H. Allen. J. M. Kapena. H. R. H. Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinc Mons. Ie Bawn Rene Reille. burg. H. A. Lyman. H. R. H. F;ederick, Grand Duke of Franz Edonard Gottlieb Loss, Anlic. Baden. Chancellor, etc., Berlin. H.I.M, and R.A.M. Francis Joseph, Em ORAND CROSS. peror of Austria and King of Hun His Imperial Majesty, the Emperor of gary. Japan. H.M. Louis II., King of Bavaria. H. 1. Highness Prince Al:[sugano,· Heir H.M. Charles I., King of Wurtemburg. Apparent, Japan. H.R.H. Louis III., Grand Duke of H.I.HighnessPrince Higashi-Fushimi, Don Manuel Uances Villanueva, of Japan. Spain. H. 1. Highness Prince Fushimi, Japan. Don Juan Tomas Comyn, ofSpain. H. 1. Highness Prince Kitashakerakand, Don Benifacio de BIas, of Spain. Japan. Marquis de Azeglais• His Majesty Somdetch-phra-paraminda .A. S. Cleghorn. maha- chulalonkom-phra-chulalon John O. Dominis, Secretary and Treas- phra-chula-Kloo, King of Siam. urer of the Order. H.U.B:. Thomas, Duke of Genoa. KNIGHTS COM:lIl:.UiDER. H.M. Wilhelm I., Emperor of Germany. Charles G. Hopkins. H.I.H. FrederIckWilhelm Crown Prince C. de Varigny. of Germany. William Martin, R.M. Charge d'Ail'aires H.M. Humberto I., King of Italy. and Consul-Generall\t Paris. Baron Leap. Frederick Hoffmann, of Manley Hopkins, H.M. Charged'Affaires Austria. and Consul-General.at London•. Joseph Chevalier de Schwegel, of Aus- Alfred Blanche, de Billing, of France. tria. Ferd. W. Hutcll1son. Rear-Admiral John J. Almy. Baron von Pelz, Admiral Audrian Navy. Captain Wm. E. Hopkins. Von Wiplinger, Captain Austrian Navy. Captain G. W. G. Temple. Stephen Spencer. H. A. P. Carter. Dr. Edward Hoffmann, Consul for Aus- W. F. Allen. tria and Hungary. General Edward 1\-1. McCook. Don Enrique Martos. Baron de h Roncere Ie Noury, Vice- E. von HasslQcher. Admiral, France. M. de Moltke, of Denmark. ~ Mons. Charles Manuoir. M. de Stackleburg, of Denmark. F. A. Schaefer. C. E. De Long, late D.. S. Miuister and Captain Gmf von Monts. Envoy Plenipotentiary for His Hr· Captain Fricherr von Ueibnitz. waiian Majesty in Japan. Hermann Schulze. H. A. Widemann. J. C. Glade. J. Matt Smith. Charles H. Judd. Paul Kanoa. 10 74 Count Cam. Candiani d'Olivola, of W. W. F. Synge, late H.B.M. Co:n:nis- Italy. missioner and Consul-General. M.le Chevalier Raffaele Volpe, of Italy. Thomas Spencer. John H. Gossler. H.H.M. Charge d'Af- William C. Parke. faires, Germany. ,. William Hillebrand. Robert Stirling. KNIGHTS COMPANION. V.Schonberger,H HM Consul at Vienna. J. C. Pfluger, Vice-Consul for Russia. Joseph Hugo Schonberger, of Austria. Stephen H. Phillips. John Kleissl, of Austria. Rt. Rev. T. N. Staley. Lieut. Com. William Henry Whiting. COUNTRIES AND COLONIES OF THE UNIVERSAL POSTAL UNION. ARGENTINE REPiJBLIC. FRENCH COLONIES: AUSTRIA' HUNGARY, including the PrinCJ: 1. In A#a.· French e.tablishment. in pality of L;chtenstein. India· (Chan7ernugore, Karikal, ].[al}(~, BA.HAMAS. Pondicherry, and Yana.,ll), and b. Co BARBADOES, W. 1. chin China (Saigon, Mytho, Bien-Hoa, BELGICM. Poulo-Condor, Vingh·Long, IIatien, BERMUDAS. Tschandok). BRAZIL. 2. In Africa .. Senelral and dependencies BRITISH COLONIES on 'Vest Coast of Africa (Goree, St. Lonis, Bakel, Dagana), ]o[ay· (Gold Coast, Lagos, Senegambia, and otte and Nossi-be, Gaboon (iuclnding Sierra Leoue). Grand Bassam and Assillie), Reunion BarriSH COLUNlES IN "TEST INIES, via.: Anti (Bonrbon), Ste. ]o[arie de Madagascar. gua. Dominica, Montl'5errat, Nevis, St. 3. In America: French Gniana, Guada Christopher and the Virgin Isles, Gren· loupe and dependencies (Desirade or ada. St. Lucia, Tobago and Turk's hl'd. Deseada, Lea 8aintetl, Marie Galante, BRITISH GUBNA. and the north portion of 81. lIIartin), DRITISH HONDURAS. lIlartiniqne, St Pierre, and :Miquc]on. BRITtSn INDI." I1indostan and British Bur 4, In Oceanica:· New Caledonia, TahIti, mah (Aracun, Pegn. and 'rena~sertm), Marquesas Islands, Isle of Pines, Loy and the'Indian Postal Establishmenls alty I8lal,ds. the Archipelago of Gam of Aden, Mu~cat, Per~ian Gulf. Guadl1f, bier. 'roubouai,TuRmotoll (Low I~land8). and Mandailly. GERMANY, including- Hc::ligoland I~land BULGARIA, Principality of. GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND, including CANADA. Gibraltar, Malta, the dependencies of CEYLON. .Malta (Gozzo. Comino, and Cominottll ), CUILE. and the Island of Cyprus. COLOJ[BIA, U. S. of. GREBes, including the Ionian Ieles. DANISH COLONIES of St. Thomas, St, Croix, GRE.t;NLAND. and St. John. GUATEMALA. D,ENMARK, including Iceland,and the Faroe HAWAII. • I.lands. H.'YTI. Do,nNlC_', Repnblic of. HONDURAS, Republic of. Inclnding Bay ECUADOR. h,land~. EGYPT, inclUding Nubia aud Soodan. HONKGUNG and. the PMt Otllces maintained FALKLAND ISDAND:!. by Hf,n,gkong at Kiung-..Chow, Canton, FRANCE, illcilldin,!( AI,!(eria, the Principality Swatow, Amoy. Foo:chow~ Niu:;{-po. of Monaco. and French Post Olllce es Rhanghlli and IIankow (China). tablishments at Tnnis. 'l':ID,!(ier (Moroc ITALY, including the Republic of San 101,, co), and at Shanghai (China), Cambodia rillo~ and th,e Italian offices of Tuni~ and Tinquin. and Tripoli in' Barbary. . .. 75 JAMAICA. 2. In.Afl·ica: Cape Verde, Cacbeo,' Bis JAPAN and Japanese Post Ollices at ShanA' sao, Islands of St. Thome and Prince's. hal, Chee-foo. Chin-klang, Han-kow. Ajuda, Mozambique. and tbe Province Ning·po, ~·oo·chow. New·chwang, Kin· of Angola. kiaag, Tlen-tsin (China), and at Fusam ROU:MANIA (Moldavia and Wallacb'ia). po (Corea). RUSSIA, including Grand Duchy of Fiuland. IJABuAs. SALVADOR. LIBEIUA SERVIA. LUX":MnURG. SPAIN, inclnd\ne; the Balearic Isles. the Ca }IAURITIUS and dependencies (the Amirante nary IsJand8, the Spans.h posses8ions 011 Islands, the Seychelles and Rodrigues). the north coast of Africa (Cente. Penon }!:>:XICO. <1e la Gomera, Alhncemas, Melilla, and }IONTENEGRO. the Chafl'arine Islands), the Hel'ublic of 'NETHERLANDS. Andorra, and the postal establishments NETHERLAND COLONIES- of Spain on the west of Morocco \T4n· 1. In Asia: Borneo, Sumatra, Java, (Ba gier, Tetuan, Lnrrache, Rabat, ~Iazagan, tavia), Billiton. Celebes (}facassar), Ma Casablanca, SaID, and }Iogadore). dura. the Archipelagoes of Banca and SPANISH (JOLONIES- Hhio (Rivw), Bali, Rombok. Sumbawa. 1. In Arrica: Islands of Fernando Po, Flores, the S. W. portioR of Timor, and Aunobon, and Corisco: the Moluccas. 2. In America: Cuba and Porto Rico. 2, In Oceanica: The N. W. portion of 3. In Oceanica: The Archipelagoes of New Guiuea (Papua). the }Iariana (Ladrone), and the Caroline 3. In America: Netherland Gniana (Su Island•• rinam), Curicoa, .<\.rnba, Bonaire, part of 4. In Asia: The Philipine Archipelago, l:lt. Martlu, St. Eustatills, und Saba. (Luzon with }fanila, Mlnuunao, Palo NEWFOUNDLAND. wan, Panay, Amar, etc). NORWAY. STR_UTS SETTLE![ENTS (Singapore, PeDan g PAUAGUAY. and Malaeca). PER~IA. ST. VINCENT, W. 1. PERU. ::;WEDEN. PORTUGAL, including the Island of Madeira SWITZERLAND. and the Azores. '!1RINIDAD,·\V. I. PORTUGUE~E COLONIES- TURKEY. (European and AsIatic). 1. In Asia: Goa, Damao, Diu, :Mu.~ao, UNITED STATES. and part of Timor. UnnGUAY. VENEZUELA. Rain Record for Waimanalo, Oahu. for the year ending Oct. 31,1881. November 1880.. 6.80 1\Iay 1881. 2.89 December 1880 2.69 June 1881...: 1.42 January 1881. 7.31 July 1881 1.01 February 1881. 5.74 August 1881 5.73 Murch 1881.. 5.94 September1881...... 90 April 1881. 1.37 October 1881...... 29 TotaL 42.09 Rain Fall, Hilo-lS8o-Sl. Hitchcock & Co., Papaikou. Decenlber 1880 1.73 June 1881. : 9.17 JlltJuury 1881.. 5.80 July 1881. 9.25 February 1881...... 2.12 August 1881. 7.87 March 1881. 36.04 September 1881. 8.48 April 1881.. 5.16 October 1881.. 4.49 1\1uy 1881.. 3.58 November 1881. 24.34 TotaL 118.03 HAWAIIAN POSTAL TABLE. From and after January 1,1881,the follo'Wing rates 'Will be charged to CountrIes in the Universal Postal Union, Bcok8 &, Printed Letters Postal Regi8tl'Y Papers. :Matter. Samples. DES'rINATION. Cards. Each. "Yo oz. Each. Fee. 2 oz. Limit of Postage Limit of Postage Each Hate. Each Rate. Each Rate. Each Rate. -"----"--.------"7 -----_._------United States of America, DOU1il1ion of Canada and Mexico...... 5 Cents 2 Cents 10 Cents 2 Cents 2 oz. 2 Cents 2 oz." 2 Cents .Japan, Ports in China havjn~ U. P. U. offices. Straits Settlements and Manilla...... 10 Cents 2 Cents 10 Cents 2 Cents 2 cz. 2 Cents 2 llZ. 2 Centi Gnat Britain, Franco, Germany, nnd all other U. P. U. ~ountrles and Coloniest...... 10 Cents 3 Cents 10 Cents 3 Cent. 2 oz. 3 Cents 2 ~z. 3 Cants Wheree a Heceipt for Hegistered l.1:atter Is /(iven 0 cents extra Is charged to the Registration Fee. ~ *'Vith a minimulll of 5 ccnts for iJooks andPrlnteo :Mlltter. antl2 cents for 8umpIl.s. t Witha minimum of 6 cents for Books and I'ri nted Matter, and 4 cents for Samples. IntAr-Island and Colonial Table of Postage. LETTERS. NEWSPAPERR. DESTINATION. Hawa'n U. S. Reo-ister Limit of Hawaiian US Otherprint'd ~a~~: ~a~~ Fee. Each Rate. E;cl~t~i~ie. R~te: Matter. Inter-islaud 2ct8 locts..... 4 oz. 1 et 1c per ozt .. Amtralia, New Zealand, Fiji, Samoa via N. Z. Daect mail. 12,ts locts each paper 2 e.ts 'lcts per 4 oz. Conntries othe" than the above. the U. S. rates-according to destination-in addition to the Hawaiian here l:h"en, viz: 6cts per !!z oz on lcHcrfl., 2c'ts per 2 oz on papers, and Ie per oz on other mutter. --Hawaiian rates, prepayment compulsory. "'Pamphlets. Almanacs. Calendars, Magazines, at N'c,,"spaper rates. t Bool,s, Samples and Merchandise, Ie per oz. - 77 HAWAIIAN REGISTER AND DIRECTORY FOR 1882. THE COURT. DEPARTMENT OF JUDICIARY. HIS MAJESTY, KALAKAUA, b. November 16, Chief Ju.tiee.. / Hon AF Judd 1836' elected February'12, 1874,·andillau Fir.t A.sociate Ju.tice 1I0n L McCully gurated l;'cbruary 13, 1~74. Son of Kapaakea l'lecond As.ociate Ju.tice HonB F Austin and Keohokalole. Clerk....JE Barnard I Deputy Clerk..A Rosa Bel' Majesty the QUEEN, b. Decem'>er 31.1835. TERMS OF SUPREME COURT: ller Royal Highness the Prince.s LILIUO KALAN I, Heir Apparent, b. t;eptember 2, Sitting at Honoluln. First Monday in Jantlary, 1838' m. September 16, 1862, to his Excel April, July, and Octobcr. • lelley John Owen Dominis. - Governor of Circuit Judges. Uahu. K. G. C of the Royal Urders of Kame hameha and Kalakaua; Kt Com. of the Ur l.t Circuit, Oahu....One of the Judges of the del'S of Francis Joseph andI.abella Catoliea; l'lupreme Court. Member of the llouse of Nobles and of the 2d Circuit, Maui. Hon A Formlllder Privy Coutlcil of State, etc. Proclaimed Heir 3d Circuit, Hawaii..Hons F SLyman, C E' lIart Apparent to the Throlle, April 11, 1877. 4th Circuit, Kauai Hon J Hardy lIer Royal lJighnce.-s the Princess LIKE TERM. OF CIRCUIT COURT: LIKE. b. January 13, 1851; m. September 2d Circua, (Maui), 1stTuesday of June and 1st 22, 1870, to the Honorable Archibald Scott 'l'uesday ofDecember; 3d Circuit(Hawaii), at Cleghorn, K. G. C. of the Royal Orders of Waimea, 1st Tuesday ofNovember ; at lIilo, Katllehameha and Kalakaua; lI1ember of l.t Tuesday of May; 4th Circuit (Kanai), Houseof Nobles and of the PrivyCouncil of 1st Tuesday of February and August. State' has issue Hcr Royal Highness the ¥rinc~8s Victoria-Kawekiu-Kaiulani-Lnnali CLERKS OF CIRCUIT COURT•• lo-Kalaninuiahilapalapa, b October 16· 1875. W 0 Atwatcrl 2d Circuit; DH Hitchcock. 1st Bel' lIlajosty the Dowager Qneen EMMA, b. Clerk 3d Circuit, F Spencer 2d Clerk; F January 2.. 1836: m. to Kamehameha IV. Bindt, 4th Circuit. June 19. 1856. Her Royal Hi~hness RUTH KEELIKOLANI. District Justices. sister to Their late Majesties· Kamehameha OAHU. IV. and V.; b. Febrnary 9, 1818 R F Bickerton, P J; WL Wilcox, Depu- Bis Majesty's Chamberlain, Hon. C. II. JUDD. ty Honoluiu WG Needham Ewa SW Kaaiholei. Waianae HIS MAJESTY'S STAFF. J Kaluh!. Koolanloa Colonels 'V F Allen. Ed Hoffmann, C II Judd, S K.Mahoe Waialna C l' Iankea, JH Boyd and G W lIlacfarlane. J L Kaulukou Koolaupoko Stal'of the Governor of Oahu. MAUl. H Kuihelaui, P J* : Wailuku Majors Chas T Gnlick and Antone Rosa. WF Mossman Makawao S W. Kaai. Hana aud Kaupo HOUSE OF ROBLES. D Kamaiopili, P J ..••..••...••••••..Lahaina His Ex J 0 Dominis; Hons CR Bi.hop, P M Kealoha..••••••..•••..••.••....•Honnanla Kano~, J Jl[oallauti, JI Dowsett. JP 1'arker, SK Kupihea Molokai l'l G Wilder, W 'r .Martin, A S Cleghorn, H S Kahoohalahala Lanai Kuihelani, P Isenburg. J ~I Kapena, G J Nakookoo. Deputy. Rhodes. SN Castle, S J{ Knai, J III Smith, . KAUAI. CH Judd JE Bush. RS Hapuku Lihne The Cabinet Minister. hold seats in the Hou.e A'V Maioho Koloa of Nob!e••z officio. .f Kakani. Hanalei and Anahola F Sinclair Niihall THE KING'S CABINET, J Kauai.. Waimea Jas K Kaiwi Kawaihau HIS :MAJESTY, THE KING. *G Gay, actJng. Premier and Minister of Foreign Affairs, HAWAII. His E.x WL Green. P Haupu :North Hilo :Milll.ter of Iuterior His Ex II AP Carter GW A Hapai,PJ Hilo Minislel ofFinance His Ex J S Walker J P lIliau Hamalma Attorney-General His Ex WN Armstrong J Makaimoku Naeole Pnna J II S Martin Kan PRIVY COUNCIL OF STATE. J G IIoapili North Kona • HIS lIlAJESTY. THE KING. CWP Kaeo South Kooa Their Exs WL Green, HAP Carter, JS H John.on North Kohala 'V"lker, WN Armstrong. J 0 Dominis; B H )\lahllka Sonth Koha!a Hons AF Judd, C R Bishop, AS Cleghorn, *C S Kittredge, Deputy. JU Kawainn!, E 0 Hall, P Kanoa. E 11 Al Ien, J JI[ Smith, SN Castle, G Rhode., SG GOVERNORS. Wilder, H ]\1 Whitney, J ~I Kapena, II A Governor of Oahu, Hi. Ex J 0 Dominis. Resi 'Yidemann, J 1tIoananli, R Stirling, J A dence, Washin~ton Place. Honolulu. Cnmmins, WC Parke, WJ Smith. WP Governor of lIraui, His Ex .T 0 Domini•. Wood, C II Judd, S K Kaai, L McCully, W Governess of Hawaii, HH Kekaulike. Resi FAllen, D Kahanu, M Kuaea, Wm Buckle, dence. Hilo. Clerk. FS Lyman. DL Killimalm, W JlI Gibson, ,f E Bush. Governor of Kauai,:IIis Ex P Kanoa. R~si e H Judd, Secretary• denee, Koloa, Kauai•. .. 78 HAWAIIAN REGISTER AND DIRECTOR~FOR 1882. DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS. Foreign Representatives-Diplomatic. Minister of For Affairs.....His Ex WL Green United Siates. ~lIlllster Resident. IIis Ex Ja" Secretary ofDept.••.•.C••••••Curtis P laukea 111 Comly. Residence, coruer of Judd and Lillba st,'eets. HAWAIIAN DIPLOJIATIC AND CONSULAR AG$NTS. Englund, CommiElsioner and Consul General.. James lIay Wodehouse. Residence. Emmn Envoy Extraordinary and Ministn' Pleni- street. potentiary. France, Consul and Commissioner, Mon~ieur Washlugtou, DC Ills Ex E II Allen Henri Feer. Re~idence, Bcretania strCf't. Mons'r J RataI'd, Cbanccllor French Legation. Charges d'Affail'cs and Consuls General. Foreign Ccnsuls, Etc. London, England 111 Hopkins Italy FA Sehaefer Valparaiso, \Jhlle D Thomas Austro·llungarv...... E Hoffmann 111 D Lima Pern IUI Beddy German Empire...... t JC Glade Brcmen, Germany...... JC Pfluger Sweden and Norway. f ..•. '. Denmark (Hana, Maui)•.: A Unns. Consuls GenJral. Portugal...... •. .." J l'crry New York, U. S. A E Ii: Allen, jr Pern...... :. AJ Cartwright Netherlands l JH Paty Sydney, NSW ·.A S Webster Belgium (acting) ) . Sweden and Norway HA Burger United States DA 1I1cIHnley BrU8-8els,llclg 0.0 •• lferd de Cannart d'Hamale l\1exico tRWLailJe' Copenhagen, Denmark..•...Julins lJolmblad Spain, Vice Consul. j . Yokohama, Japau R W Irwin RU~8ia, Vice <.:on8ul .....•...•...:J 'V Pfl.u~er Consuls, etc. British Vice Consul. .., T II DaVIes United States, Vice Consul 1" P lIastings San Francisco, Cal. .. .• ...... II W Severallce Denmark..... (Acting) HR ~lacfarJane Portland, Oregon...... •.....•.• J McCraken U,; Consnlar Agent (IUlo) .....T "'peneer Marseilles, ~·rance A Couye JapalJ \Jommorcial Agent...... J 0 Carter Havre, France L de Mandrot U", ConsularAgent..(Kahulul)...AF Hopke Bordeaux, France J:!: de Bui8~ac Chinese Comm'ereial Ag·"nt....••.VhulJ Fong Genoa, Italy R de Luchi B013tOll, !IIlus8...... ••.•..••.•••..•.E M Brewer INTERIOR Dl:PARTMENT. Glasgow, SCOtlUllll. •.....•••••.••.•.•.J D:.tllU l\1inister ofInterior His Ex II AP Carter Otago, N Z ..•...... o.o ••• o ••• 11 DrIver ChirfClel'k of Dept JA Husinger Grand Dnchyof Baden Baden...••..H 1Iluller .;Ierks...... JS Smithies, JH Boyd Callao, Peru S Crosby RegIstrar of Conveyances.• ".....aT Browll Aucklaml, NZ DB Cruicbhank Deputy Regbtrar Godfrey HI'Ol"'u Falmouth, England W IS Broad Surveyor ueneral. .WD Alexanuer Ram~gatc, ~llgland AS Hodges A8si~tHnt Surveyor C.J Lyons Cork. Ireland.. : WD Seymour Postmaster-General lIon J III Rapeua Vienna, AU8tria •.•.••.•.....•.V Schonberger First \Jlerk. PO J 111 Oat, Jr Edinburgh and Leith, ;'eotl'd EG Buchanan Supt. Public Works...... R Stirling UOllen, ~'raucc " C ~chre~81er Snpt. Waier Works ,GD Freeth Antwerp, BclgoiuIll .••.••••••••. ~ •.V :E'orge, jr Clerk of Water Works W Auld Mcibolll'lle, Victoria, GN Oakley Queensland, Australia ll A 'L'!lOmpson . Board of Health. hamburg, Germany ,E F "eber His Ex WN Armstrong...... , .... President Bremen, G~1"mallY.•.••...... E F'Veber Members-His Ex J '" Walker. Hon \J H Siugapore }1 Suhl Judd, Hon J 1I10ananll, Hon S G Wilder. Payal, Azores....•...... " T}' Serpa J A llaslrlil1ger..•.••.•.•..•.•.•..... Secretary Nagasaki, Japan CL Fisher Port Physician FB lIutchinson.1I11J Pallama U E Cooke 'l'RAVELING ·PHYSICIANS-KohaIa, Hawaii, L l:rasmuIJia _...... ••....•...A Coote S '1'hompson; Physician to the Leper Set Hull, England W lI10ran ~ tlement, .Molokai T II N Viueberg ::Iladei". . .. J IIutchison Kau. Hamak.m, G II ureenfield ; Victoria, BC R P !tithet Wailuku. F II Enders; I.abaina. -; lila.· Cardill' and Swansea ..••...... Ii Goldberg kawao, AC Standart; Kauai, J K Smith; Newcastle, N ~ W Chas F Stokes Oahu, GL Fitch. Ghent Ernest C Delebecque Agents-'l' \V Everett, l\faui. L Severance, Dre8deu, Saxony...•...... AP RU8S Hawaii. SW Wilcox, Kaual. D Dayto,!) Paris, France F Collin de Paradis Oahu; J H. Brown, for Honolulu. It \~ Hiogo, Japan Vice Consul, BR Lewil!! 1Ileyer, .lII.,lokal. Kobe aud Osaka, Japau. Vice \Jon S Endicott Lysckil, tiweden YIce Consul, H Bergstrom Hawaiian Board of Health. Liverpool, England RC Janlon ColonelV 11 Jl\dd 1'residcnt Shanghae, Chllla J Johnstone Keswick .Member" E l' Edwards, J lI10anauli Naples, italy....·..•.•..•...... Michael \JerulJl lIongkollg, China .•..•..F BulkcleyJohu-eon Commissioners of Bouncilries. St :,~ichacls Richard ::;eemann Hawaii j<' ,;Lymau 'L'ahiti., John K ::;umner lIlaui, lIlolokai, and Lanai. •••..•....L Aholl) J.-.luit •...Com'cial Agent. Ilennann Gr08l:!-Cl· Oahu.•••. ~ ..•• ;. R E' Bickerton Bankok, Slam, Acting Consul ..Halss Kurtz Kauai ; J Hardy • 79 H!.WAIIANREGISrER AND DIRECTORY FOR 1882. , Road Supervisors, I Commissioners of Private Ways and Hawaii-Hilo J F Jordan Wa,er Rights. , .North Rohala J Smith South Kohala 8 l' Wahinenui HAWAII. J:'orth Kona T W.Smi!h Hilo · D Keawehano, Kamai 80uth Rona J W Kl~almo~u Hamakua R A Lyman, JK J{lIunamano, Kau ; \V 'I ;M~rtm JR ;\IilJ. . Hamakna Charlcs WIlhams North and 80mh Kohala...... J 8mith, SC Puna J F ~rdan Luhiau, GB Koohi Yanl-Lal~alna ~ D 'Iayl0r Kan C N 8pencer, J Kanhane, J II S Wallnku II A Lusco~b Martin Hana M PIco , Makawao J Keohokana MAUl. llJolokai J Lirr.a Lahaina.....•;lLl\Iakalua. L AhnJo, D Taylor Lanai Heury Gibson Wailuku J W Girvin, P Raluua, II Oahu-Rona CW Hart Kuihelani Oahu-except District of KOlla \V C lulie ;lJakawao J Keohokana, Rekaha, J l\I }{auui-\Vuimea °and Niihan....•V Knudsen Alexander Koloa J Hardy IIana O Unna. CK Rak"ni, S \V Kaai ff~~I~~ei::::::..:::::::::J ri~riY~;~~~ KI(;i~ri~lh JA Raukau, J }<' Raulia, DH Kawaihau R WT Purvis l\IOLOILI.1•• J :l\akaleka, L Leparte, D Kailna OAHU. Commissioner· or Fences. Kona...... D Kahanu, J }JoaTlaull, DK Fyfe HAWAII. Koolaupoko...C II Judd, Kane, G Barenaba lIllo.•C E Richardson, J Keahi, SL Anstin, Koolauloa....•...WC Laue, Naili, J Kaluhi •RA Lyman, K Paulo Waialua.....JF Andersoll, SN EmerEon, J Han:akua...... H T H Mills, JK Kaunamano Kaiaikawaha NOlth aud South Koua...... }t Barrett, H Ewa aud Waianae..S Kaanaana, A Kaoliko, . Cooper. JW Smith, GF Cal'l'lcy II U l\Iaki, JW Haaheo North Kohala Kamatlll, J Wood KAUAI. South Kohala J Parker,8 H }Jahuka p \" E H D . 1 D}" I h I Kau....'V rr :Martin, CN ::;pencer, S Kawaai nna.•... : .. I\" cverIl • ,,-en a u a, DW Kaaemoku I AW }Jmoho MAU!. iY:~~~t:: ~:. ~~~~'~lk~at,~:'~Slri~l~i~iaoa 'Maknwao..••.C n DickBJr, D Crowningburg, 'lIanal' Nui C K Kakani, M Pupuhi. D Puhi I Boar d 0fl'mml~ratlon.• McLOK..I.1 RW Meycl, S Paulo, R Newton IIis Ex HA l' Carter president OAHU. Members-'l'heir Exs J'S Walker, WL . Kona....CJ Lyons, J Moanauli, D Kahanu, Gr~e,!', Hon AF Judd, J ;II ·Rapena, \V .J S Smithies J SmIth Ewa and Waianae Kaikauahaolc. 8 J 8 SmIthies Secretary Prcviere. S Gandall Waialua.. ~ ....1I Warden, J Amara, J FAn· , dersou Commissione~s of Crown Lands. Koolauloa Kalnhi, }{aili, WC Lane nAP Carter. JS Walker: CH Judd, Agcnt. }{oeluupcko WE pii. Barcnaba, CH Judd KAUAI. lII 80 HAWAllAN REGISTER AND DIRECTORY FOR 1882; Agenh to Acknowledge Contracts for DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE. LRhor. . Oahu-Honolulu..•.CT Gulick, JU Kawai· lIinister ofFinance....".His Ex JS Walker . uui, JA Hassinger, 'V Auld, SM Carter Reil"istrarOf Pnblic Accounts..Godfrey Brown .Waialua....CH Kalama, S N Emerson, H Co ector General of Cnstoms W FAllen N Kahuln Deputy Collector E R Hendry Koolauloa WC Lane 1st lStatistical Clerk W Chamberlain Koola·,poko G Barenaba, EP Edwards ~nd Statistical Clerk W 111 Graham Ewa and Waianae..S Kaanaana, JD H"lt Store Keeper... .. GW Pascoe IIawuii-lIilo...... L Severance, J II Pahio, Harbor Master of Honoln1:I Capt .-I.Fuller S K Mahoe, DK Pa, HH Uuea . ( Capts A Melutyre, . Kana K Kamauohu, J 'V Smith PIlots in Honolulu...... -< W Babcock, and Humakna..J KKaJnamauo, RP Knikahi, (PP Shepherd GW Wilfong, S F Chillingworth Port Surveyor .•••.• •••....•.WA Markham North Kohala....Chas L Hopkins, John Magnire, HP Woods Board of Educatinn. South Kohala G Bell, J Jones President. .. lion CR Bishop Kau...... ••J Kaubane, JN Kapahn, WW Members-lIousJ M Smith, G Rhodes, EO Goodale Hall, JU Kawalnul . Puna JN Kamoku Inspector General of SelIools DD Baldwiu Jlfaui-Lahama K Nubuolelua, L Aholo Secretary.: WJ Smith Wailuku JW Kaluli, GE Boardman G Kaneholuui, W II Mamakoa. J Richrdsou School Agents in Commission. JI[akawao...... G Glendon, Jas Smyth HAWAII. JD Havekost, GW Beckwith Hllo L Severance lIana Kahele apia, JK Hanuna F Wittrock k~~~::::::::::::::::::::::::::~1{VS8\Fo;,~~ Molokai and Lanai..J W Jlf Poohea, G Kekipi South and North Kona HN Greenwell Kauai-Koloa...JN Gilman, L Kaulbaum, South Kohala Rev L Lyons WH Deverill, Ku North Kohala EN Dyer Libue JB Hauaike Hamakua RevJ Bicknell Hanalei. .••J Kaae, J W Loka, J H Mahoe MAUl. Waimea 111 Kamalenai, J II Kapukui Lahalua and Lanai R Newton KawuilIau.., T Kalaeone, J M Kealoha, Wailuku JW Girvin KUhau Kaomea Hana SW Kaal Makawao HP Baldwin DEPARTMENT OF ATTORNEY Molokal RW Meyer GENERAL. OAHU. Attorney·General ... 11 is Ex WN Armstrong Honolulu WJ Smith Clerk to Attol'lley-General...... W 0 Smith Ewa and Waianae W .: Smith lIfarshalof the Hawaiian Islands..WC Parke Waialua JF AnderBon Deputy Marshal.. David Dayton KooJauJoa WC Lane Sheriff of Hawaii L Severance KoolaupoKo Rev J Manuel Sheriff of Maul. .. . '1' W Everett KAUAI. Sheriff of Kauai...... SW Wilcox Waimea and Niihan V Knudsen Jailor of Oahu Prison DK Fyfe Koloa, Koolau and Hanalei.,Rev J W Smith Lihue 8 W Wilcox Honolulu Fire Denartment. Organizecl1851. Annual Ele~tionof Engineers Life, Fire and Marine Insurance Agencies :First Monday in Jnne. Officers for 188(1--81. FJremen's Fnnd Bishop & Co Chief Engineer...... • ...... •....•G Lucas Liverpool &; London & Globe BiBhop & Co First Assistaut Engineer J Nott EqniUlble Life .•.••••..•.....A J Cartwright Second Assistant ~ngjnecr Robt Lewers Imperial !i'ire , A J Cartwright SecretarY an',l Treasurer...•....•..CT Unliek New England lIfntnal Life Castle &; Cooke Fire Marshal... ..•...... JW McGuire Union, lSan FrunciBco Castle & Cooke Briti15h and J:l"'oreign :Murine ~' II Davies Annnal Parade Day ofDepartment.... Feb 3d Northern Fire and Life .'1' H Davics Honolulu Engine Company No 1 (steam" Rheinish WestplIalianLloyd JC Glade formed 1850, organized July18, 1855. Annual Aachen and Le.psic J C Glade election of offic'ers, first Wednesday in July. North German Fire H Hackfeld & Co :Mechanic Engine Company No 2, organized '1'rans-Atlantic Fire H Haekfeld &; Co llecember, 1850, admitted February 3, 1850. Swiss Lloyd Fire H lIackfeld &; Co Aunual election of officers, first Wednesday New York Life _H Hackfeld & Co in February. Nor Br & Merc'lF &; L Hoffsehlaeger &; Co lIawaii Engine Co No 4, organized February NorthweBteru Mntual Life....•.J lS Walker Ism. Annual election of officers, first 'l'ues Swi.s Lloyd Marine JS Walker day in February. Union Fire of New Zealand J S Wull,cr ,China Ellgiue Company No 5 (steam), organ Great Western Marine JS WalkeI' 'ized February, 1879. Roya], of Liverpool. JS Walker Pacific Hose Company No 1, or~nized Janll Hambur~-:\tagdeburgFire,....• ~- A Jaeger ary, 1861. as Engine Company .NO 3. chan!?ed lIlagdeburg- General Marine A Jaeger to a Hose Company December 14, 18e3• .8n· MallMttan Life JH Puty m"'l election of otllcers, .second .Monduy in Hamburg-Bremen Fire FA Schaefer &; Co January. German Lloyd Marine FA Schacfer & Co Protection Hook and Ladder Company No 1. Fortnnu Marine ... ., FA lSehaefer & Co re-organized September, 1857. Anural c]eCa Mutnal Life of New york Wilder &; Co tion of officers, first Monday in September. On Tal Marin~. .. Chulan & C" 81 HAWAIIAN REGISTER AND DIRECTORY FOR 1882. LODGES. Sailors' Home Societv. LE PROGRES DE L'OCEANIE, No. 124, AF &.A Organized 1853. Meets annnally in December. :M; meets on King St, on the last lIfonday III President S N ('••tIe Sec'y, ...l<' A Schaefer ITreas CR Bi,hop each month. Ex Com-E 0 Hall, PC J!'nes, S C Damon HAWAIIAN, No 21, F&A M; meets In Its Hall cornel Qneen and Fort Streets, on the Qneen's Hospital. first Monday in cach month. Erected In 1860. ROYAL ARCH CHAPTER; meets in the ball of President HIS lIMESTY THE KING Le Pro~re. de l'Oceanie every tbird Thurs· day ofoeacb month. Vice-President C C Harris Sec FA Schaefer I Treas J H Paty COl\IM~NDERYNo 1 KNIUHTS TEMPI.AR ; meetl' Auditor E P Adams at the Lodg-e Room of Le Progrc8 de POce Physiciaus., R McKibbin. FB Hutcbinson anie second Thnrsdayof eaeb montb. EXECUTlVECOMMITTEE-CRBishop,J 11 Paty, KAMERAMEHA LODGE OF PERFECTiON. No 1, , FA Schaefer, AJ Cartwright, A S Cleghorn. A&A S R; meets in tbe hall of Le Progres de rOceanie every fourlh Thnrsday of each Strangers' Friend Society. month. Or~anized 1852.. Annual meeting in June, NUUANU CHAPTER 0.. ROSE CROIX, No.1, A PresIdent Mrs S C Damon &AS R, meets at the Hall of Le Pro~res Vice-Presidents-llfrs CR Bishop and M..T H de rOceanie, first ThLlrHlay in the month. Hobron, Sec'y...Mrs L Smith I Treas"Mrs SE Bishop ALEXANDER LUIOLIHO COUNCIL OF KADOSH ; Directress Mrs A Mackintosh meets on the third Monday of alternate months from February. Americ1n Relief Fund. 'EXCELSIOR 'No 1, I 0 of 0 F; meets at tbe hall Orgauized 1864. lIIeets annually Februarv 22 in Odd Fellows' Building, 011 Fort St, every President , H, ••••AJ Cartwright 'ruesdayevening.. Vice-President " ..Rev SC Damon HARMONY LODGE, No. a. I 0 of 0 F; meets Secretary and Trrosnrer...... CR Bishop each 'I'hursLlay in the Hall ot Excelsior Lodge. British Benevolent Soci9ty. POLYNESIAN ENCAMPMENT No 1, 10 of 0 F' Organized 1860. Meets annually 1Ifay 24. meets at Odd Fellows' Hall, first and third PrC"ident. .. ..JH 1V0debousc Fridays of each month. Vice PresWent ;Rev A Mackintosh OAHU LODGE No 1. K of P; mcets every Sec·y...JS Smithies I Trea•...A S Cleghorn Wednesday at Hall on l<'ort Street, Ex Committee.. G Rhodes, G Lncas,A Young SECTION No.....-, E!il'DOW}IENT RANK, K of P; British Clnb. meets on tlle secoLld MOLlday of each month in the Hall ofOahu Lodge. Organized J852. Premiscs on Union Street, two doors below Beretani". H.WAIIAN COUNCIL No 68~, AMER'C \N LE' President __ .' A S Cleghorn , GWN 0.. HONOI.; meets on first and third ~ec'y ... , G Brown I Treas .. ,H ?tlay 'l'nesdays of each mouth in the Hall of Oahu 'Managers-A S Cleghorn, Godfrey Browu, II Lodge. . lIfacfarlane. HAWAII'''' TRIBE, No 1, Imp 0 R M; meet. Mechanics' Benefit Union. at the hall of Oahu Lodge, K of P, every Orgauized 1856. Friday evening. . Pres R Gray rVicc-P..JW McGnire COURT LUNALILO, No 6660, A 0 of Foresters; See'y Wm Auld I 'I'reas...... J S Lemon meets at hall of Oahu Lodge, K of P, on secoud aud fourth Tn'~sdays of eacb mouth. German Benevolent Society. Organized August 22, 185:). Volu.. teer Military Companies. President.,... . HW Schmidt Prince's Own-Artillery..•His Majesty, lIfaj; Secretary Max Eckart CP laLlkea, Adj; H Kaaha, Capt Treasurer J F Hackfcld LeleiollOkLl Guard-Cavalry ...... Msk"nui, Capt ' St. Antonio Benevolent Society. Hawaiian Guards, Co ACT Gnlick, Capt Organized Dl'cember, 1876. lIuwuihtn Guards, Co BC n \Vilson, Capt President J Perry ~Iamalahoa W P Wood Vice-President MB Silvara Sec....John A Furl.. I Treas J Ilobe1i()o Musical Hall Association, Organi3ed November 1~,lR7!J. Incorporated Mission Children's Society. March 1,1880. Ors-anized 18;;1. Annual Meetin!(in June. Presidmtt SG Wilder PresIdent ' W 0 Smith Vice-President WG Irwin Vicc-President Rev A a Forbes Recording Secretary , ~"." E DcmpsfC' ~,~~~~t~~::::""::".::·,:::::::::·~f'~i~~~~nlt~lr~ Cor Secretary..... ' ..Mi.s M A ChamberJain Trustees-S G Wilder, JA Has.inger,' E Home Cor Seeretary...... JlI.. JII Ilenfield Preston, II A Widemann, .1 mPaty, WG EJectiveJlIemb's-Hev SE Bishop, Mrs J 111 G Irwin, AS Cleghorn, R F Bickerton, W Whitney. ' ~I Gibson. Treasurer , •••.••''or W Hall 11 82 HAWAIIAN REGISTER AND DIRECTORY FOR 1882. Library and Reading Room A~sociation. Missionary Gleaners-Branch ofWomans' Board. Organized March1, Incorporated June 24. 1879 President .. .. AS Jlaltwe11 Organized 1874. Vk..·President Dr C M lIyde President ]\[rs E 0 Han Sec·y...... I Treas A L Smith ·Vice-President JJr8 AF .. Cooke Directnrs-A J Cartwright. A Marques. Dr C Secretary Miss H Chamberlain T !lo President 00 ...... 00' oo]l[rs \V FAllen of Olba. Rev Abbe Modest. assisting. Her Vice·Presideut...... Mrs \V W Han vices every Sunday'at 5 and 10 A l\t, and at Sec·y..MissH S Judd I Treas..Mrs PC Jones 4\\\ PM. Low Mass every day at 6 and 7 AM. Directress...... , .00...... 1111's E 0 Han High lIlass Sundays and Saints' days at 10 AM. Hooulu Lahui Benevolent Society. EPISCOPAL CauRcH, Emma Square; Rt Rev . . Organized 1878. Bishop of Honolulu ofticiatin~, a8sisted President H 111 THE QUEEN by Rev A lIlaclntosh and Rev T Black Treasurer Mrs JG Dickson buru. Services In Eng-li,h every Sunday at 6.:JO and 11 A M, aud 7% PM. Services in Bethel Social Union. Hawaiian every Sunday at 9 A M and 3Y, P M. Sunday-school nleets one hour before Organized Oct. 1881. English morniusr service. President FW Damon CHRI8'fIAN CHINESE CHCRCH, Fort street, Vice-President•...... • 1111's S M Damon Sit ~t:oon, Acting· Pa~tor. Services every Secretary Miss Ilobertson Sunday at 10.30 A Maud 7.30 P M. Prayer 'I'reasnrer A L Smith Meeting Wednesdays at 7.30 P M. Young .People's Union. . NATIVE CHURCHES. KAWAIAHAO CHURCH (COB!!regational), Cl'f Or:.:anized Oct. 1881. ner of King and Punchoo";l streets, Rey President A F Cooke II II Parker, Pastor. Services in Hawaiian Vice·President lIIiss B Carter every Sunday at 11 A M. and at 7.aO on Secretury...FB Oat I Treasurer.W Dimond Sunday evenIngs alternating- with Kunma kapili. Sunday·school at 10 A M. Praver Worn.an's Board of Missons. Meeting every Weduesday at 7.30 P M. • Or~anized 1871. KAUMAKAPILI CHURCll (Congre$ational), President 1111's Lowell Smith Bcretania street, near 1tlannuKea. Rey Recording Secretary Mrs S E Bishop 1\1 Kuuea, Pastor. Services in Hawaiian llome Cor Sec·y Miss E lJ Knight every Snnday fit 10~ A M, and at 7~'2 P :M :Forelgn Cor Soc·y 1Ilrs L McCully on Sunday evenings alternating with Ka Treasurer :l\lrs B 14' Dillingham waiahao. Sunday.school at uy, A M. Prayer .Allditor W.W Han Meeting e,'ely Wednesday at 77~ P 1II. • 83 HAWAllAN.REGISTER AND DIRECTORY FOR 1882. Maile Social Club. Deutscher Verein. Organized January HJ, 1878. Organized 1870. . '\ President...... •....•. ; HR )facfariane President , II A Wldemann Viee·Pre.ident EW Holdsworth Yice-Presldent...... •...•.....Q 0 Berger Sec.•..W }1 Gift'ard I Troas.A W Wchardson Secretary and Treasllrer J lloting Boards of Underwriters-Agencies. Publications. Boston C Brewer & Co The Gazette, issued every Wednesday morn Philadelphia•.....•...... :C Brewer & Co ing. U Grieve, Pnbllsher and Proprietor. Ne,\' york AJ Cartwrig-ht The Saturday Press, is~ued e,'cry. Rutlll'day Liverpool TH Davies morning. Thoma8 .. G 'rhrl1lll, Business LJoyds-London· ' .'1' H Davies :l\Ianager. San Francisco H lIackfeld & Co The Advertiser, issued every Saturday morn Bremen,Dresden, Vienna FA::lchae!er ing. \V)[ Gibeou, Editor and Publisher Ps.cket Agencies. The Friend, issued ou the first of each month. Rev S C Damon, Seamen's Chap lloston Packets C Brewer & Co lain, Editor and Publisher. Planters' Line (8 F) C Brewer & Co Spreekels Line WG Irwin & Co The Hawaii Pae Ainu (native), issued every :l\Ierchants' Line (SF) Castle & Cooke ~atnrday morning. JU Kawainui, Pllb~ New York Line Castle & Cooke IIsher and Editor. Liverpool & Glasgow..•GW Macfarlane & Co The Kuokoa (native), Issned every Saturday Pacific:lIail SS Co J! Jlackfeld & Co morning. Rev H II Parker, Publisher and Bremen Packets J! J!ackfeld & Co Editor. Hawaiian Packet Line J! Hackfeld & Co The Elele Poakotu (native), issued every Wednesday. W J\I ('ibson, Publisher and Anniverraries. Editor. New Years , , , JanuaryI1 Accession of Kalakana February.13 List of Government Surveying Corps • Birth of the Qneen of Great Britain lIIay 24 '\V D Alexalldcr SnpcrintcndenL Inlllemoryof Kamehamcha 1.._ Jnne 11 C J Lyons••.... Asl:'istant in charge Of dfice American ·Independence.. _: .. J nly 4 J ):!' Dt'own, "S E Bishop, R Covington. G Birth of His ~I"jesty the [{ing Novemher 16 II Barton, WR Lawrence.•J J\I L)'dgate.•J i-l Recognition !law Independence.November 28 Emerson, ,J T Perryman, ED Baldwin. WA Christmas " : December 25 Wall, Lo.ils Grand. S. N. CASTLE. J.B.ATHERTON CASTLE & COOKE, 'S)Rippiag .and CommissioR Merchants, IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN GENERAL MERCHANDISE, .No. 70 King Street, Honolulu, H. 1. ~GENTS POE The Union Insurance Company of San Francisco, California, The New England Mutual Life Insurance C9mpany,Boston; . The Blake's Celebrated Steam and Vacuum 'Pumps; -Weston's Patent Centrifugals; Dr. Jayne & Son's Celebrated Meqicines, , Wheeler & Wilson'fi Sewing Machines, Singer's Sewing Machines, Wilcox & Gibbs' Sewing Machines; The Merchants' (S. F.), and New York and Honolulu PacketLines, _ 'rhe Kohala Plantation" I Waialua Plantation; ... 'J'he Haiku Plantations, Alexander & Baldwin's Plantation. Hitchcock & Co., Papaikou rlantation, J. M. Alexander's Plant.ation. • A. S. CLEGHORN,&CO., I~POETEES, Sbipping and Commission Merchants, AND DEALERS IN General Merchandise. AGENTS FOR THE HILO TA'NNERY SADDLE AND SOLELEATHER Agents for the Best Kana Coffee. 'W.e are in receipt of fresh Kana Coffee direct from Plantations by every arrival. Partioular Attention Give.n to Island Orders Of every description, and Goods not in stock purchased or ordered from abroad toSUlt buyers. FERE... PROOF STORES• .' Queen and Kaahumanu Sts., Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands. 'BRANCH STORES. ~. S_ Oleghorn.. &, CO., .A'tTOTIONEE::EaS, Importers and Dealers. in Ceneral Merchandise, At the Old Corner, Front and Waianuene Sts., Hila, Hawaii, H. 1. , J. H. M:ABY, .Jlanager. PAHALA, KAU, HAWAII, H. I.., T. C.' WILLS, .Jlanager. HOO KEN.11., KON.!l, HA WAII, H. I..,. ~,V. C. KING, .Jlanager. fV.!lIHEE, MA Ul, H. I.., s. B. STODDARD, .Jlanager. KAUNAKAKAI, .M.OLOKA1, H. 1., . ' L. LEPERTZ, .Jlanager. ~At all of onr Brnnch StoreR will he found GI'OCerieR, Dry Goo(l~, Clothing. Fancy Goorl!l, Ncti"n~, Boots anrl ShoeR,' Harrlware, Crock"r,'" and Glassware, uud all GuOOs that are kept in well foulld CoulHr.r Stores. • ~U~D3'~! NJ!.8' WEST RlJl WoES TI . ~~k, Ash, Ko~, E~ahrn W~ite· ~ine aJ1~ ~l~ck W~lnut. JB-u.ilder's::E:l:ard"VVare, DOORS, SASI1ES AND BLINDS. ?ura Paints and Oils, Varnishes and Glass, WUL P1PERS AND SHADES OF THE LATEST PATTERNS. &c. Please Call and Examine our Stock. ' LEWERS &, COOKE, ------Fort, King.and Merchant streets. H. B. WILLlAMS. A. CHESEBROUGH. W.H.DIMOND WILLIAMS,. DIMOND .& CO., . Shipping~Commission Merchants .' UNION ,BLOCK COR. PItJE AND MARKET STS., S.A.N F~.A.NC:I:SCC>.C.A.L. -AGENTS FOR- . Pacific Mail Steamship Company. Pacific Steam Navigation Com pany. 'rhe Cunard Royal Mail Steamship Company. The California Line of Packets from New York and Boston. The Hawaiian Line of Packets. Tlte China Traders Insurance Company, Limited. The·Marine Insurance Company of London. • T::EJ:E HONOLULU IRON WORKS CO" ::IIANUFACTURERS AND nIPoORTERS OF ALL KINDS OF Sugar 'Plant and Other Machinery, £ngines"Boilers, Sugar Mills, Mill Gearing, Vacuum Pans" Double and Triple Effects of any Description, Air-Pumps, Water .Wheels, Sheet Iron Work-including Pans, Smoke Stack~, Coolers, Tanks, Bar Iron of all size8, Brass Cocks, Valves. Guages, • Steam Whistles, Union Coupling, Glass Guage Tubes, , Babbitt Metal, Belt Laces, Rubber Packing, . , Copper and Brass Wire Gauze, Cotton Waste, Galvanized Wire Cloth, Boiler and 'l'a~k Hh:ets, Flax and Hemp Packing, Angle Iron, Norway Iron,Stee1, Nuts, Washers, ete, ' CUMBERLAND COAL, AND FIRE ,CLAY. A LAHGE ASSORTlIIENT OF '~NGLI~H un JMERI~AN .~AK TANNED UATHRR -B~LTIN~. --:0.-- AGE~,TS FOR THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS FOR THE, National Tube lVorks Co., of Boston ...7JIass.; and The Farrell FOllndl'Y and .J.l1acMne 00.,. Oonnecticut. --:0:-- We will furnish Engines and Sugar Plant made by the above celebrated Foun dries and will contract, if required, for the erection of any Machinery by the abov~ makers when imported by us. --:0:-- , , .Artesian Well Tubing to Order. Steam and Water Pipes and Fittings. BLACK OR 'GALVINIZED. -i-- Of,Englishor AmericanThread, which we will furnish at prices hitherto unknown in this market. Steam and Water Pipes, from M to 14 inches in diameter, with all the fittings for same. Light Water Pipes for Leading 'Water for Irrigating PurpOSES. • 'A. FOSTER &CO.· WHOLESALE DEALERS IN Groceries and'Provisions, -AND-' 26 & 28 CALIFORNIA STREET, . San Francisco, Oal'a. -'-:0:--'" Will give specialattention to the selection andpackingofgoodsforforeign markets. ·A. FRANK, COOKE, Coasting Agent and, Warehouseman, (FIRE-P'UOOF BUILDING.),' COR. NUUANU AND QUEEN STS., HONOLUlU. 1!!iF' Island or Coast Produce and Merchandise received,stored and shipped at moderate rates. Agent for the following coasters: Wailele, WaioH. Waimalu, Waiehu, Julia, MaIolo. Gen. Seigel, Mana, Kliluna. Ka'Moi. 1lfiF' Flag:-Red, ,vith White Ball. • DIllingham &'00., . IMPORTERS, WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN Hardware, fmpfements, Hollow Ware, Lamps, Lanterns, Chandeliers, Kerosene Oil. AFULL LINE. OF HOUSE. FURNISHING GOODS Table Cutlery, Scissors, Shears. Razors, ' . .. A larl::e line of Cheap and Fine Pocket Cutlery, Butcher Knives, Steels, &e.• &e. S:ELVER. Masury's Paints, Valentine's Carriage Varnishes, •, Hegular Shelf Paints in large assortment, Furniture, Damar and Coach Varnishes, American and English Lead and Zinc, -DOlLED AND RAW LINSEED OIL, TUI.PENTINE,- A large assortment of House, Sign and Carriage Paints, Paint and Varnish Brushe3, Cordage Yz to 1% inch, Fish Hooks and Lines, Seine and Wrapping Twine, Carriage and Wal::0n Axles and Springs. SOLE ACENTS FOR THE Bain & Davis Iron Wagon Manf'g Companies SOLE 'AGENTS FOR THE CAI,IFORJ\'JA. co's .A.'T:E::BILL ~I:X::ED· P.AINT, Celebrated Althouse Wind Mills, A. S. Hallidie's Patent Endless Wire Rope-'Way, and Barbed Fence Wire and Staples, CALIFORNIA WIRE WORK.S CO. --.---::0:-- AT THE NEW BRICK BUILDING No. 37 Fort Street, :a::onolUl'U;,:a::.I_ • ~~ g~·S~BBQmE&83 &"BB'O~~' S::s::::r:P:P:rNG .A...l:'rD COMMISSION MERCHANT'S, NO. 327 MARKET ST., CORNER FREEMONT, SAN FRANCISCO. Spreckels' Lin~ of Hawaiian Packets. JOSEPH Ell WISEMAN, 27 MEllCHAJlT ST.,HONOLULU, H. I., P. O. BOX 315, ' Real Estate Broker; Employment Agent -.AN:1:)- GENERAL BUSINESS' AGENT. ~ Houses and lands leased and sold in all parts of the kingdom. Rooms to rent throughout Honolulu and suburbs. Loans negotiated. Employment Bureau, for all seekiug work on these islands•. General office work of every de scription attended to. Bills collected, legal papersof all kinds drawn, books and accounts kept and solicited, and care taken to seek the interestsof all who favor me with their patronage. C=.A.EGES .A.L"'VV.A.YS ::M:ODEEA.'rEo S. C. ALLEN.. . M. P. ROBINSON· ALLEN & ROBINSON,. (AT ROBINSON'S WHARF) D~~lna in ~oll, LumD~r, Ina ~11 Kina: Df ~uiiaing M~hrilI=, PAINTS, OILS, NAILS, &c. --:0.-- SOLE AGENTS FOR THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS FOR 'Ih9 Wellington Collieries..Departure Bay. Agenta of Schooners PAUAHI, KULAMANU, LEAHI, HALEAKALA, UILAMA, I{AUIKEOVLI, REKAULUOHI, LURA, CATARI~A. • • QUEEN 8[" ADr/OINING'HAOKFELD &00., HONOLULU,H. /; . .,- ~ •. -;,. ~I- -. .,. '- ~,_ ,": .,"" :," • , '~J::STABLISHED'IN 1865~' MANUFACTURER OF ALL STYLES OF Cane Carts, Ox Carts, and anything on wheels. The Woodwork, Blacksmithing, Painting 'and' Trimming, all done in the Shop. Is also employed, who turns out Shoes from 2,Y, ounces to any weightrequired. Shoesfor trottinghorsesa 'specialty.- ONLY· FIRST.' -"CLASSW.. '. . ORK1IENEMPLOYED.', ... ,,'- ..... - '. .'. CQmprising 'in part as follows :', Bar Iron or 'all' Sites, Cumb~rla~d'Coal in -Bags orS~cks, Axles froni'! inch to 3finch; Hubs Spokes Rims,' ,Felloes,Shafts, Poles: Etc.' Oak, Ash and Hickory Plank or all sizes, Horse Shoes and f..., I Nails, Nuts; Washers, Bcilts; Springs, Silver and·' Gold-plated Lamps, .Wheel Bands, : AND EVERYTHING NEEDED IN THE' CARRIAGE LINE. • HENRYJ-.iHART.' _ ELLIS nART :- -'~~~ASTOR-;"HOUSE Dining"3wnd Lurich' Parlors, Nos: 16 and 78 'Fort Street, ~ar"t Bros.·Proprie"tors. BOARD BY'; THE 'DAY;' WEEli, OR' TRAN~hENT. Billiards, Cigars, Cigarettes al~d Tobacco, Soda Water and other Iced Drinks. MQ'at~ ~~rye;dJ to I?fr~~..,Q[i~'~ S:i~[~ at aU ftQttr~1J HAR~ -',B~OTHERS, TOBACCO AND" BILLIARD,SALOON NO. 19 NtttrANU8TREET; HONOLULU, H. I. Dealers in' .all -.kinds ',of Curiosities, Volcanic Specimens from Kilauea, . SBB~~SJ~ 6QB.£~SJ "4f:tiEmBBA\~ OUBEOSJ . ,Of tl"e ,Pacific Islanda-. Specimen' Cases'and: t Cabinets on Hand, OR FITTED'UP ON SHORT NOUICE... #-- OhoiCl\ Oandies- Reoeived <"by :Every Steamer. '. -- ~, ,~~~., ·(Q)Jlcdl ~(Q)~:@l®~!1 ESTABLISHED 1858. BBDB!l~BiM(Ell\11~ liNIU' OO'E'DElB SJ4.iJO,tH\I1r; , Corner of Queen and'Nuuonu8ts.,Honolulu, H:t. \~:~:,-,-., ... '- CONSTANTLY ON HAND A FULL SUPPLY OF ,Tobtl;CDos, Cigars, Cigarettes, Pipes and· Smokers' ;,"" 'Sundries.'" ". ~HART BROS., Proprietors. • :Qlo. 44 Fort St., Honolulu, H. I. IMPORTER AND DEALER IN MERIDEN QUADRUPLE PL'D WARE, "Yan.kee N"o"tiO:n.s, BINf£ ~s (COMfJIN;Z:FlfJN SfJlIC1t;lC&lIS. VACES, BRACKETS, LUSTRAL WIRE WARE, DOMEs'rIC PAP.ItR FASHIONS, . Cuns, Powder. Shot, Fancy Soaps, Etc., Etc. -AGENT FOR 'rUE- " . " JUSTLY CELEBRATED AND UNIVERSALLY ACKNOWLEDGED t DOMESTIC SEWING M,ACIIINE. l'l@.. TERMS STRIaTLYCASH.~ BOLLES & CO., Ship thandlers, Commission Merchants IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN nlDUDlD.& ~_ U?ftD~~,~'Jl'l;li'RY?~" g]~.~~~~~~JEIi~~~n\._~~~~~~~ New Fire-Proof Store, No, 84 Queen Street, ::a:·o N .0 L -c:r L "0', 0 ..A. ::s:: "0', ::s::. :I .. Hawaiian Produce Bought and Sold. l1Gr Ship and Plantation Stores Put up to Ordel". ~ • No. 10 Kaahumanu Street, Honolulu, IMPORTERS AND COMMISSION MERCHANTS, San Francisco Office, III Battery street. THOMAS LACK, Machinist, Lock- and Cunsmith, --AND DEALER IN-- SPORTING- G-OODS~ ACENT .FOR THE FLORENCE, WHITE, DAVIS, HOME Shuttle, (hand,) Crown, and New Home Sewing Machines, Sewing Ma- chine sundries, and Florence Kerosene Stoves, No. 40 FORT STREET, HONOLULU. CHARLES T.· GULICK. NOTARY PUBLIC, A[Bnt to taKB' ACKnOwIB~[mBnts to la~or Contracts, -AN"D- GENERAL· BUSINESS -AGENT. KAAliUMANU' STREET, HONOLULU, H. 1. • c_ ~FO~·G., IJJfPORTER AND DEALER IN CHINESE FANCY COODS, AndCeneral Merchandise, ALSO AGENT FOR KAUPAKUEA AND MAKAHANALOA PLANTATIONS, No. 18 NI:UANU STREET (up stairs), HONOLULU, H.1. JOHN THOS. WATERHOUSE, IMPORTER, WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALER IN ENGLISH, SCOTCH, FRENCH, and AMERICAN DRY GOODS~' Hard,vare~ Ou.tlery~ &c.~ lll..~c.~· &c.~ Fire-Proof Building, I Fire-ProofBuilding, King st., Queen Street, and No 10 Fort Street, :a::ONOLULU_ -"--~ ~------~------_.~-----~~- Wm. AULD, A[~nt to taK~ ACKnOwl~~[m~mS to Contracts for la~or, ,"vATER -WORIi:S OFFICE, QUEEN STREET, HONOLULU. ------H. E. McINTYRE & BROS., PROVISION MERCHANTS, G:ROCE:RY b..:::t::rD FEED STO:RE, Corner Fort and King Streets, Honolulu. A. W~ RICHARDSON &' Co., IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN BOOTS AND SI~OES~ Furnishing· Goods., Trunks., 'TaIises., Waltham Watches, .:TE,"VEY-oJRY., ere. ., Corner Fort and. ::cv.I:erchant Streets, HONOLULU, H. 1. Urtlers frJll1 the other Islanils Promptly Atteniled to. CLAUS SPRECKLES. \VlVI. G. IRWIX. VV:rn. 6. IR--VVIN & Co.~ SUGAR, FAOTORS., SHIPPING ANT> CO)I);IISSION AGENTS. --AGENTS FOR-- SPRECKELS' LINE OF PACKETS, \Vainaku Plantation, Hilo, Hawaii; ,-Vaihee Plantation, l\Iaui; • ~aalehu Plantation, Kau, Hawaii; Makee Sugar Company, Kauai: Honoapu Plantation, Hawaii: Kealia Plantation, Kauai; Hakalau Plantation, Hawaii; D. R. Vida (Star Mill), Hawaii; Paauhau Plantation, Hawaii; Star Mill, Kohala, Hawaii; Makee Plantation, ;vIaui; Hilea Plantation, Kau, Hawaii; .. Hawaiian Commercial Company, MauL HA"W"AIIA 1S" HOTEL., HOTEL STREET, HONOLULU. (\Vith entrances from Richards, Beretaniaand Alakea streets.) The Proprietor, J. M. LAWLOR & CO., will spare no pains to make this elegant hotel First-class in every particular. Rooms can be had by the Week or Night, with or without Board. LIVERY STABLE IN CONNECTION WITH THE HOTEL. HONOLULU RESTAURANT, No. 15 Nuuanu Street, . OPEN FROM 5 A. M. TO ?' P. M. CLEANLINESS THE RULE. OU1- Specialty MEALS AT ALL HOURS, COOD COOKS, ATTENTIVE WAITERS.· ~Thehest the Market affords always on hand. E. C. McCANDLESS, PROPRIETOR. ~~--~~~~------E. P. ADAMS, Auctioneer, Commission Merchant, IllfPORTER AND DEALER IN CROCERIES AND CASE COODS, .Agent California Furniture Manufacturing Co., QUEEN STREET, HONOLULU. WILDER, & ' CO., -IMPORTERS AND- DEALERS IN LUMBER ~-AND- 4~~ KEl\11BSJ OBJ BUI&DIB1rG M4~EBI4&~~ HONOLULU, 9AHU, H. I. IlUporters and Dealers in Coal. HARD AXD SOFT COAL ALWAYS ON HAND. Steamers in want of Coal can be sure of Finding a Full Suppiy. ~\~l~~1mJj~ '~~KH~i1~g~ ;ff.~"'-~ KING, ~L MAS~ER. Leaves Regular Every Tuesday for Maui and Hawaii., ,., -ALSO- S;t~am~r' Qi~(~HL, ~ t~ ~r? ~ ~ MJ UU1J mOl IJ.. ffJ t\ 1) . McGREGOR. Master. LORENZEN, Master. FOR WINDWARD PORTS OF OAHU, FOR MAUl AND MOLOKAI. "W"ltLDER ,~ CO.. mJQlNJo)~UJLtJ) ~Qi: M~M~FA.CVQaY~ '-- Families, Hotels and, Steamers, SUPPLIED AT 2i CENTS PER POUND. ' ------W:ILDB:RJ , '.-,' , ' .. ~. \ . ...... ...... _.l 'Commission ,>. 'Merchants, '-> 1;- ••- I" '-. - .'., ~:m:oo;mR~JF~1m:m~~BAmr~1E~~~ " -~ Robinson's Fire Proof Building, QUEEN'STREET, HONOLULU, HAWAIIAN'ISLANDS. -AGENTS FOR- ,, Tb.e'puuloa' Sheep Ran:chCompa~Y;i. '. The Spencer Plantation, RHo, ,,' The W:aikapu'Plantation, ,'M:atIi, ... c.Ru.eIo:SjIgar-l\Iilli~~aui, . , The Glasgo,~ and Ronolulu Line Of Packets; ',' ,The Liverpool arid Honolulu Packet Line, '''~Ii~rlees, 'fait & ':Watson's SugarMa~hinery, \VaillnatJ,' Sugar Company, Olowalil Sugar Comany, Hecht PlaD.t~tion/. • H. A. P. CARTER. P'. C. JONES/Jn, " C./···BREWER ,.& do." .. Shi:pping 'and', Commission MERCHANTS, HONOLULU,HAWA:II.AN ISLANDS: ,Corner of .Fort,and.KingStreets; 'Honohllu, '-.: '. ,', , .I¥PORTERS ANDpEALERS, I~ HARDWARE, AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS, } . , . .. . , ' '. : ~ . " - , ';',,,. -: .' , ~. . Reed. & Barton's. Plated Ware, Paints, Oils, Stoves, Leather and General M;erchandise. HENRY MAY: & CO., TEA DE.A.:LE:eS~ Ooflee Boa~ieJ!Sl mndl·ProvilSJiloDlM!erchmniSJtl Fort Street, Honolulu, H. I. New Coods Received by every Vessel From the Eastern States and Europa; Cal.Prodlice by each Steamer• • tw"Goods deliv,eredin any part of the City.~ W.R. ~ASTI..E, ATTORNEY AT LAW ~ NOTARlPUBLIC, '. HONOLULU, HAWAIIAN. ISLANDS. --0-'-'- SpecialAttention paid toall matters pertaining to Real Property., Title~ examined and passed upon. Conveyancing. Loans negotiated. Money for investment carefully secured by mortgage of Real Estate.. Notarial Business, Insurance andothcr Protesting promptly at· tended to. . ,." ..::. California One Price :Bazaar --:0:-- .CHARLESJ. FISHEL, -COR. FORT AND HOTEL ST.- IMPORTER AND DEALER IN FANCY STAPLE DRY GOODS, . HATS AND CAPS, FURNISHING GOODS, CORSETS. CLOTHING, BOO'IS AND SHOES, BIBBONS. NEW GOODS RECEIVED FROM CALIFORNIA. NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHI '. ~ Orders from the Various Islands Promptly Attended to. Samples sent a application. I take pleasure to announce to my Customers and Friends, that have enlarged my Store and am now prepared to Display Goods to advantage, an . Sell below any ot~er House in the City. 1 ~R1I£MJ INSURANCE '~ OF CALIFORNIA. ~ Assets,. • $1,200,000 • Losses Paid, over--0--• •• $4,000,000 The Largest Pacific Coast COJ;npany, Has the most assets aud largest premium income of all the Com-' panies hailing from west of New York state. --0-.- . D. J. STAPLES, President. WILLIAM J. DU'rTON, See'y. ALPHEUS BULL, Vice-President. E.W. CARPENTER, Asst. See'y. --0-- Rome Qffice, S. W. cor. Sansome and Californiasts., San Francisco, Cal. --c-- . BISHOP &. CO., HONOLULU, Agents for ~he HawaIIan Islands. ;-.C: __ ",.,,' ,. , ,"' - .. Ct~LU.CAS,· Cowactor and Builder" ~ ~..•.•.•.. . .-. ·HONOlUlUS1EAMJPlANlNG.....MlllS, ~ , Esplanade, HonolUlu, H. I., . . . «~UFACTURER OF ALL K[NDS OF :MOULDINGS, BRACKETS, WINDOWFRA:MES, SASHES, DOORS, BLINDS AND ALL KINDS OF WOODWORK F:r.KISHING; -ALL KINDS OF- }LANING ANDSAWING, MORTICINGAND TENONING, . .. lans, Specifications, DetailedDrawings,andEstimatesFurnished· Upon Application•. Orders Promptly Attended to. And W orklGuaranteed. ders FroJ:n·The Othe:, :I:s1ands 801ioited.-a .. ~ pr,."" • I~h"""""""':--'I"""""'"~~""'!"'O"""""'.""""'S...... G...... ~T~H...... R,...... ~,-c·l~~,...... I~:1 ..,;, . .r" IMPORTINC AND MANUFACTURINC:. .I' ~tlttillll£l',~tlU!l !Jcaltr,l1.ttr, BOOK BINDEB I.JIIJ PAPEB BULEB. AND PUBLISHEB OF THE • ,I i 8.1\TURDAY PRESS AND I. . I HAWAIIAN .ALMANAC AND ANNUAL, I ' . ! No. 19 M~rchant St., Near Fort, and No. 65.F.St., Curner c,fHo~el St. •• TIl{' Merchant• Street Store 'l~lie Fort Street Store' J~ DEVO'l'ED TO . , EMBRACES'" I General Stationery, Fine, Stationery, '., B:.ank Books, News. Printing Books, Artists'Materials. and Binding Depart's. Toys andFancy Goods. <.e" .... SATU~~DAY PBESS~', , . A NE~S~APER PUBLISHED WEEKLY, Devoted to the Interests of il?e Ii~~aiian ISlan:i$,'1 r 4 •• , THOS. G. T~RUM, PUBLISH~'R AND MANA,HER;: Subscription Price $5.09 per Annum in. Advari~';'/ POSTACE TO FOREICN ~OUNTP"ES,EXTRA".'.