destructor Thorne 1945 a SEP 08 starch and protein, leading to cell cell disintegration leading to and protein, starch that digest enzymes produce The rapidly. multiply and lenticels through tubers enter Nematodes symptoms. above-ground obvious no with usually parts, plant subterranean only attacks The Infection, Symptoms and Impact: rhizomes. bulbs and tubers, stored in survive However, anhydrobiotically. and survive destructor 1c), and can be found on tulip, gladioli, dahlia gladioli, tulip, found on andcanbe 1c), (Fig iris of important pest an is It bulbs. andsome carrot 1b), (Fig sweet 1a), (Fig potato as such crops host plants range of wide A Host Range: Classification maintaining market access to countries that require te require that to countries access market maintaining to potato. Confirmi relation in on thetwospecies, particularly Science Laboratory, Harpenden Archive, British Crown, Bugwood.org Crown, British Harpenden Archive, Laboratory, Science coloured greyishto dark brown orblack. “mealy”, and dry appears flesh The skin. wrinkled and cracked with sunkenareas have tubers affected Severely 1b). (Fig nematodes themany in flesh contain pockets South America, and South Africa. Unlike Unlike and South Africa. America, South and North of areas localised Asia, USSR, the former including Europe, of parts many from records are There destructor D. Distribution andSurvival: feedfungi. and is to soil on many weed of able S.Ayoub (a) credits: Photo bulbs. iris damageto (c) potato; Figure 1. Common Name Common myceliophagous other with confusion taxonomic from arose records that early accepted Thorne as a separate species in in 1945, species a separate as Thorne and garlic fruits and vegetables and fruits References and Further Reading: Further and References Key Contacts: 11 10 8 7 6 5 3 2 1 EPPO Reporting Service No.5,2008 http://ucdnema.ucdavis.edu/imagemap/nemmap/ent156html/slides/E156Lab1c http://www.eppo.org/QUARANTINE/nematodes/Ditylenchus_destructor/DITYDE_ds.pdf Hooper 1973 CIH Descriptions of Plant-parasitic Nematodes, Set 2, No.21. Anonymous 1959 http://www.ipmimages.org/browse/detail.cfm?imgnum=0162057 http://www.apsnet.org/education/IntroPlantPath/PathogenGroups/intronematodes/text/fig18.htm Wang http://132.178.236.111/information/otherprojects/potato/nema.html et al. et 7 (a) Potato infected with with infected Potato (a) is unable to withstand excessive desiccation desiccation excessive withstand to unable is D. destructor D. laboratory, Inthe . 1995 is reported mainly from temperate regions. regions. temperate from mainly reported is : Vivien Vanstone, Department of Agriculture & Food Western Australia, The Agricultural Gazette of of NSW Gazette Agricultural The Crop Genetic Resources ) and are erroneous andare ) : K: Animalia, P: Nematoda, C: , O: , F: F: Tylenchida, C:Secernentea, O: Nematoda, P: K: Animalia, Potato Rot Nematode, Potato TuberNematode Potato Nematode, Rot Potato 8 . The nematode survives on a range ona survives nematode The . does not occur in Australia. Australia. in occur not does D. destructor D. Pathogen ofthemonth Pathogen ofthemonth http://archives.eppo.org/EPPOReporting/2008/Rse-0805.pdf Ditylenchus destructor Ditylenchus 5 2 , or that the nematode no longer occurs in these areas. Prior to its description by by its description to Prior areas. these in occurs longer the nematodeno that , or , 36. D. destructor D. , especiallyroot D. destructor D. D. dipsaci D. 12 70, 648. can rot most most can rot de Waele &Wilken1990 b 6 , peanut 9 . White . , was regarded as a race of race of a regarded as was D. sting for, or area freedom from, specific pests and diseases. anddiseases. pests specific from, freedom area or for, sting can This nematode was recorded in the late 1950’s the late in recorded was nematode This (right) compared with undamaged potato (left); (b) infected sweet sweet infected (b) (left); undamaged potato with compared (right) 1 ; (b)Ian Riley, SARDI/University of Adelaide; (c)Central ng or refuting validity of pes has been reported from China from beenhas reported tosweet potato damage Severe tips. yellow with developed poorly may be blackened, and leaves Roots lesions. to black grey causing scales, the fleshy into extends and the base at begins tulip and iris of Infestation storage. stored 10-20%of loss are wheninfestedtubers an additional with potato, in beenrecorded 40%have to up losses Yield myceliophagous D. identifications: nematode confusing further present, often nematodes are Free-living and mites. fungi, bacteria by invasion duetothesecondary mainly rots tissue Damaged infested areas. areas. infested ability to feed on soilfungi. Soil must not be moved from its and hostrange wide nematode’s the dueto difficult is rotation crop Management by host. analternative as canact they as becontrolled should Weeds water. hot in treated be can Bulbs restricted. rhizomes and bulbs tubers, D. destructor of free material Planting expensive. is control chemical and established once eradicate to difficult are Nematodes Management and Control: overcome its requirement for cool, moist soil the nematode hasapparently where Africa, South D. destructor kernels. andshrunken discoloured with hulls black Rev de Nématologie 4 9 Thistlethwayte 1961 http://plpnemweb.ucdavis.edu/NEMAPLEX/Taxadata/G042S2.HTM 2 10 . Ditylenchus . Rotting can in fact go unnoticed until tubers in fact are . Rotting can in go unnoticed until tubers [email protected] must be used, and movement of infested infested of movement be used, and must became an established problem of peanut in ofpeanutin problem established an became D. dipsaci 13, 171. feeds on fungi in rotted tissues. tissues. feeds inrotted on fungi species (e.g. species Tasmanian J Agriculture Tasmanian J c 13 t records isimportant t records interms Thisled to confusedinformation . – Jones & de Waele 1988 – 11 Sep Sep . Infested peanuts have have peanuts Infested . .dpai D. D. dipsaci, 3,4 32, 197. , butitis now 2008 2008 2 13 12, ln Dis Plant . 72, 453. of of