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Identifying Effective Therapeutic Strategies to Treat Pornography Addiction

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Identifying Effective Therapeutic Strategies to Treat Pornography Addiction Identifying Effective Therapeutic Strategies To Treat Pornography Addiction by Brian Le Clair, B.A., M.A., M.S Dissertation In Counselor Education Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Texas Tech University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Approved Dr. Charles Crews Chair of Committee Dr. Gerald Parr Dr. Lee Duemer Dr. Sara Lynn Jennings Mark Sheridan Dean of the Graduate School May 2017 Copyright 2017, Brian Le Clair Texas Tech University, Brian Le Clair, May, 2017 Acknowledgments Since I undertook this project, both of my parents have passed on and left this world unaware of the purpose of my degree or the purpose of this research. I would like to dedicate this work to them, to Mr. Richard Edward Le Clair and to Mary Paula Jacqueline Morency. I would like to thank Dr. Matthew Dunn and Mr. John Pironti for their help and encouragement during this project as well as the North Hampton, New Hampshire Public Library that provided for me a very nice place to study and write while I was there. I would also like to thank the following professors for their incalculable help and support: Dr. Charles Crews, Dr. Janet Froeschle-Hicks, Dr. Gerald Parr, Dr. Lee Duemer and to Drs. Stephen and Lynn Jennings who refused to permit me even a moment of disbelief in my ability to see this project to fruition. I would also like to thank Jenny and Darwin Dobson for their incalculable help and patience preparing the final draft of this document. I am also grateful to my fellow cohort students and especially to Dr. LJ Gould, Dr. Brett Hendricks, Dr. Loretta Bradley and Dr. Aretha Marbley for all the love, care, concern and mentoring they provided me throughout this project and my years at Texas Tech University. ii Texas Tech University, Brian Le Clair, May, 2017 Table of Contents Acknowledgments ............................................................................................. ii Abstract .......................................................................................................... viii List of Tables ................................................................................................... ix List of Figures ....................................................................................................x CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION .................................................................1 Problem Statement .......................................................................................3 Significance of the Study .............................................................................4 Purpose of the Study ....................................................................................6 Research Questions ......................................................................................7 Theoretical Framework ................................................................................8 Assumptions ...............................................................................................11 Delimitations ..............................................................................................11 Limitations .................................................................................................13 Definition of Terms ....................................................................................15 CHAPTER TWO REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE ...................................20 Ideological Development ...........................................................................26 The Enlightenment ...............................................................................27 Modernism ...........................................................................................29 Postmodernism .....................................................................................32 Postmodernism and Fusion with Modern Technology ..............................37 Postmodern Influence on Sociocultural Thinking .....................................41 Culture and Technology .............................................................................41 iii Texas Tech University, Brian Le Clair, May, 2017 Culture and Sociological Markers as they Relate to Porn .........................45 Youth Culture .............................................................................................47 Pop Icons and Teen Marketing ..................................................................50 Pornography and Consumerism .................................................................54 Pornographic Influence on Psychosocial Development ............................57 Mainstream Culture ...................................................................................61 Gaze ........................................................................................................64 The Role of the Feminist Movement .........................................................70 Synopsis .....................................................................................................75 Porn Influence in Current Mainstream Culture .........................................75 Celebrity Exploitation of Porn ...................................................................84 Attempts to Transform the Image of Porn .................................................87 Identity Construction and Consumerism ...................................................91 Theoretical Stance ......................................................................................95 Formal Declaration Against Porn ..............................................................97 Marketing Porn ........................................................................................104 Legal Realities of Porn Marketing ...........................................................110 Expansion of Technoporn ........................................................................113 The Definition of Pornography ................................................................116 Religious, Academic, and Therapeutic Definitions of Porn ....................118 The Clinical Definition of Porn Addiction ..............................................127 CHAPTER THREE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY .................................154 Background of the Study .........................................................................154 iv Texas Tech University, Brian Le Clair, May, 2017 Research Questions ..................................................................................154 Rationale of the Study ..............................................................................155 Context of the Study ................................................................................166 Data Sources ............................................................................................167 Data Collection Methods .........................................................................177 Participant Selection ................................................................................182 Interview Questions .................................................................................184 Interview Process .....................................................................................185 Ethical Considerations .............................................................................187 Data Analysis and Management ..............................................................188 Trustworthiness and Transferability ........................................................189 Limitations ...............................................................................................194 Conclusion ...............................................................................................195 CHAPTER FOUR RESULTS .......................................................................197 Interview Participants ..............................................................................197 Research Question One ............................................................................198 An Effort to Reclaim Assertive Behavior ..........................................206 Relief From Inner Psychic Tension and Dysphoric Mood States ......207 Entertainment and Boredom ..............................................................208 Sociocultural Reasons ........................................................................209 Enhancement, Substitution or Disruption of a Relationship ..............210 A Voice for Unresolved Unconscious Conflict .................................211 Trauma Creation or Reenactment ......................................................212 v Texas Tech University, Brian Le Clair, May, 2017 Evangelist Nature ...............................................................................214 Capacity to Inform Sexual Technique and Practice ...........................215 Gateway Behavior ..............................................................................216 Training ..............................................................................................217 Core Competencies ..................................................................................219 Rogerian Person-Centered Approach ................................................221 Addiction Models ...............................................................................222 Family Systems ..................................................................................224 Trauma Resolution .............................................................................224
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