Family Alright v2

Specimen Overview

Normal Narrow Condensed Compressed

Ultra Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa

Black Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa

Bold Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa

Medium Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa

Regular Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa

Light Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa

Thin Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa

ExThin Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Okay Type Alright v2 Family

ExThin KEYSTONE LESSING RACINE UNION

Thin MICHIGAN EMMETT KINZUA HAYES

Light ARTESIAN GOETHE TOWER MARIN

Regular BELMONT ROGERS ISLAND SAYRE

Medium LAPORTE WILSON OGDEN MARIA

Bold MUSEUM FOREST GRAND STAVE

Black KRUGER MANGO LOGAN RIVER

Ultra SURREY HURON NOBLE STATE

ExThin Italic FREMONT KEOKUK PUBLIC GREAT

Thin Italic STREETER OTSEGO CRILLY SALLE

Light Italic ASHLAND RITCHIE MAJOR LIANO

Italic KOSTNER FELTON FRONT MAWR

Medium Italic LINCOLN KEELER CEDAR POINT

Bold Italic DELPHIA CIRCLE LENOX STATE

Black Italic OTTAWA DAMEN GREEN KIRBY

Ultra Italic TALMAN NORTH PLAZA MILES

Compressed Condensed Narrow Normal 2 Okay Type Alright v2 Family

ExThin Sauganash Magnolia Natchez Dayton

Thin Kingsbury Rockwell Laporte Hamlin

Light Dickinson Kenosha Cottage Mozart

Regular Lakeview Orchard Pontiac Albany

Medium Sheffield Division Orange Kedzie

Bold Garfield Midway Kildare Illinois

Black Stevens Nicolet Rogers Bessie

Ultra Halsted Racine Schick Elston

ExThin Italic Algonquin Calumet Niagara Marine

Thin Italic Lakefront Kilbourn Cermak Adams

Light Italic Roosevelt Douglas Wacker Bishop

Italic Fullerton Addison Sawyer Manila

Medium Italic Diversey Ogallah Pulaski Cicero

Bold Italic Augusta Honore Garvey Drexel

Black Italic Central Leader Carver Oriole

Ultra Italic Burling Peoria Foster Edens

Compressed Condensed Narrow Normal 3 Okay Type Alright v2 OpenType Features

Contextual Alternates fi fl jj ft tf tt f] f% ▶ fi fl jj ft tf tt f] f% Shorter tight fitting -j, f-, and t-

Ligatures Rifled fjord waffles ▶ Rifled fjord waffles Connected f- ligatures

Small Caps Fancy Erotic Cakes ▶ Fancy Erotic Cakes Lowercase to small caps

All Small Caps H&i Lawyers at Law ▶ H&i Lawyers at Law Upper- & lowercase to small caps

Uppercase Forms ¡¿([{/@Smash}])?! ▶ ¡¿([{/@SMASH}])?! Punctuation aligned with all-caps

Lining Figures Tel. +01 312 316 00 ▶ Tel. +01 312 316 00 Cap-height numbers

Tabular Figures BTC ▲ 2,671.635 ▶ BTC ▲ 2,671.635 Fixed-width numbers for tables

Arbitrary Fractions 16 15/39 Pounds ▶ 16 15/39 Pounds Turns any number into a fraction

Super- & Subscripts Drink 8 oz of H2O.b ▶ Drink 8 oz of H2O.b Little numbers and letters

Stylistic Set #01 “Cool Pull Quote” ▶ “Cool Pull Quote” Silly fat editorial quotes

Stylistic Set #02 Http://url & Code ▶ Http://url & Code Small cap slash and ampersand

Dutch EvB MÍJN Blíjf ▶ EvB MÍJN Blíjf Turns j into  when it follows í

Polish Ukośna Jagiełło ▶ Ukośna Jagiełło Kreska accents and double l-slash

Catalan PÀL·LIDA Goril·la ▶ PÀL·LIDA Goril·la Nicer L-dot-L combinations

Romanian & Moldavian ȚÂȘNIT şanţ ▶ ȚÂȘNIT şanţ Correct comma-below accents

Turkish, Azerbaijani, Ezik Diyarbakır ▶ EZIK Diyarbakır Correct dotted-I accents & Crimean Tatar

4 Okay Type Alright v2 Character Set

Uppercase A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z ÀÁÂǍÃÄÅĀĂĄǺẠẦẤẪẨẬẰẮẴẲẶẢÆǼÇĆ�ĈĊČĎḌḎĐÐÈÉÊËĒĔĖĘĚẸẼỀ ẾỄỂỆẺĜĞĠǦĢĤḤĦÌÍÎÏĨĪĬĮİ� �ĴĶĹĽḺŁL·ĻÑŃ�ŇṈŅƝŊÒÓ�ÔÕÖŌŎŐǪ ỌỒỐỖỔỘỎƠỜỚỠỞỢØǾŒŔŖŘṚŚ�ŜŞŠȘṢẞŢŤȚṬṮŦÙÚÛÜŨŪŬŮŰŲỤ ỦƯỪỨỮỬỰŴẀẂẄÝŶŸȲỲỸỶỴŹ�ŻŽẒÞƏ

Lowercase a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z àáâǎãäåāăąǻạầấẫẩậằắẵẳặảæǽçć�ĉċčďḍḏđðèéêëēĕėęěẹẽềếễểệẻĝğġǧ ģĥḥħıìíîïĩīĭį�ịỉijȷ�ĵķĸĺľḻłl·ļñń�ňṉņɲŋʼnòó� ôõöōŏőǫọồốỗổộỏơờớỡởợøǿœ ŕŗřṛś�ŝşšșṣßţťțṭṯŧùúûüũūŭůűųụủưừứữửựŵẁẃẅýŷÿȳỳỹỷỵź�żžẓþə

Small Caps a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z ÀÁÂǍÃÄÅĀĂĄǺẠẦẤẪẨẬẰẮẴẲẶẢÆǼÇĆ�ĈĊČĎḌḎĐÐÈÉÊËĒĔĖĘĚẸẼỀẾỄ ỂỆẺĜĞĠǦĢĤḤĦÌÍÎÏĨĪĬĮİỊỈIJ�ĴĶĹĽḺŁĿĻÑŃ�ŇṈŅƝŊÒÓ�ÔÕÖŌŎŐǪỌỒỐ ỖỔỘỎƠỜỚỠỞỢØǾŒŔŖŘṚŚ�ŜŞŠȘṢẞŢŤȚṬṮŦÙÚÛÜŨŪŬŮŰŲỤỦƯỪỨỮ- ỬỰŴẀẂẄÝŶŸȲỲỸỶỴŹ�ŻŽẒÞƏ

Figures Proportional Tabular

Old-Style 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Lining 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Punctuation . , : ; … · ! ? ¡ ¿- – — ( ) [ ] { } ’ ” ‘ ’ “ ” ‚ „ ‹ › « » & * ¶ § † ‡ © ® ™ / | ¦ \ _ ~ ^ • @ # № % ‰ Math + − ± × ÷ < > ≤ ≥ = ≠ ≈ ∞ µ ¬ ­ ° ′ ″ ‴ ⁗  Currency $ ¢ € £ ¥ ฿ ₣ ₤ ₦ ₩ ₭ ₮ ₱ ₴ ₹ ₺ ₽ ₪ ₫ ƒ ₥ ¤ Symbols → ↑ ↓ ← ↖ ↗ ↘ ↙ ▶ ▲ ▼ ◀ ⌃ ⌄ ⇧ ⇪ ⌘ ⌥ ☝ ☞ ☺ ✌ ☹ ☜ ☟ ♥ ● ★ ✶ ✴ ⯨⯩☐ ☑ ❛ ❜ ❝ ❞ Fractions ½ ↉ ⅓ ⅔ ¼ ¾ ⅕ ⅖ ⅗ ⅘ ⅙ ⅚ ⅐ ⅛ ⅜ ⅝ ⅞ ⅑ ⅒ ⅟ Arbitrary Fractions Ok 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ⁄ 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Ligatures ff fi fl fj fb fh fk fff ffi ffl ffj ffb ffh ffk fffi Contextual Alts j� �l ft tf tt

Super- & Subscript Ok ᵃ ᵇ ᶜ ᵈ ᵉ ᶠ ᵍ ʰ ⁱ ʲ ᵏ ˡ ᵐ ⁿ ᵒ ᵖ q ʳ ˢ ᵗ ᵘ ᵛ ʷ ˣ ʸ ᶻ Ok ⁰ ¹ ² ³ ⁴ ⁵ ⁶ ⁷ ⁸ ⁹ Ok ₀ ₁ ₂ ₃ ₄ ₅ ₆ ₇ ₈ ₉

Uppercase Forms OK - – — ( ) [ ] { } ‹ › « » · ¡ ¿ @ / Small-cap Forms Ok / &

5 Okay Type Alright v2 Information

The Alright v2 Family Supported Languages Font Packages

Sauganash Magnolia Natchez Dayton Alright v2 supports a wide range of languages Alright v2 includes the standard OpenType fonts: using the Latin script including: Afrikaans, Kingsbury Rockwell Laporte Hamlin Albanian, Asu, Basque, Bemba, Bena, Bosnian, Alright v2 Sample 0123 Breton, Catalan, Chiga, Colognian, Cornish, It has proportional-width old-style figures as the Croatian, Czech, Danish, Embu, English, Dickinson Kenosha Cottage Mozart default style, with the lining and tabular versions Esperanto, Estonian, Faroese, Filipino, Finnish, Lakeview Orchard Pontiac Albany French, Friulian, Galician, Ganda, German, accessible through the OpenType features. Gusii, Hawaiian, Hungarian, Icelandic, Igbo, Most users only need to install this version. Sheffield Division Orange Kedzie Inari Sami, Indonesian, Irish, Italian, Jola-Fonyi, Kabuverdianu, Kalaallisut, Kalenjin, Kamba, Garfield Midway Kildare Illinois Kikuyu, Kinyarwanda, Koyra Chiini, Koyraboro Alright v2 also includes an alternate “LP” version: Senni, Latvian, Lithuanian, Low German, Lower Stevens Nicolet Rogers Bessie Sorbian, Luo, Luxembourgish, Luyia, Machame, Alright v2 LP Sample 0123 Makhuwa-Meetto, Makonde, Malagasy, Malay, The “LP” version has proportional-width lining Maltese, Manx, Meru, Morisyen, North Ndebele, Halsted Racine Schick Elston figures as the default. Some people prefer this, Northern Sami, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Algonquin Calumet Niagara Marine Nynorsk, Nyankole, Oromo, Polish, Portuguese, particularly if they have a background in Desktop Quechua, Romanian, Romansh, Rombo, Rundi, Publishing or want a conservative look. Most users Lakefront Kilbourn Cermak Adams Rwa, Samburu, Sango, Sangu, Scottish Gaelic, don’t need to install this version, instead they can Sena, Shambala, Shona, Slovak, Slovenian, turn on these figures using OpenType features. Roosevelt Douglas Wacker Bishop Soga, Somali, Spanish, Swahili, Swedish, Swiss German, Taita, Tasawaq, Teso, Thai, Tongan, Fullerton Addison Sawyer Manila Turkmen, Upper Sorbian, Uzbek, Vietnamese, The webfont files for Alright v2 also include Vunjo, Walser, Welsh, Zarma, and Zulu. alternate versions of both the default and “LP” Diversey Ogallah Pulaski Cicero fonts pre-subset to the Latin-1 character set. Augusta Honore Garvey Drexel Central Leader Carver Oriole I also have built “LT” versions with tabular-width lining figures. Just need to email and ask. Burling Peoria Foster Edens

License Options Upgrade Okay Type

Alright v2 has a number of license options, so Alright v2 is so much better than original Alright Okay Type is a small typeface design studio. you can select the usage you need without Sans, I’d love to see it replace the old version making you pay for rights you won’t use. For entirely. And I wouldn’t have been able to make it Coming up with enough text and content for a a more detailed description, read the EULA. without the support of the customer who bought family this large is hard. The text and inspira- the original version. (Seriously, you’re awesome. tion for this specimen comes from random Desktop/Print Thank you.) bits and pieces from Chicago history. Names, Buy a license for the number of users or comput- places, publications, breweries, news headlines, ers the fonts will be installed/used on. This is the It only makes sense to let existing Alright Sans craigslist posts, classic albums, and other totally traditional, old-school font licensing model for customers upgrade to the new version for free random things. A lot of it was taken from Story producing printed, static, non-dynamic thigns. (at least until 2020). Just log into your account of Chicago In Connection with The Printing on okaytype.com and download the new files. Business, a classic 1912 reference book from the Webfont Don’t have an account? Email [email protected] with Regan Printing House. Anyway, it’s all meant to Buy this license when you need to use a font on your old order information and we’ll sort it out. be looked at, not read or taken seriously. a website. This is a perpetual license for self- hosted use. Prices depend on the number of pa- And if you find yourself enjoying the improved Designed by: Jackson Cavanaugh geviews per month and the number of domains. version, you should consider buying some of the Alright is a trademark of Okay Type, LLC. new widths. I think they’re pretty useful. © 2019 Okay Type, LLC. All Rights Reserved. App Embedding Buy this license when you need to embed or use okaytype.com a font in a mobile app or electronic publication. [email protected] These are priced by the number of titles.

Other Uses There are lots of other specialized licenses, obvs. Enterprise and Brand Licenses. Broadcast and Motion Graphic use. OEM Embedding. If you need to use the fonts in a way not covered by the above options, email [email protected] for a quote.

6 Family Alright

Width Normal

Weight Ultra

Normal Narrow Condensed Compressed

Ultra Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa

Black Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa

Bold Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa

Medium Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa

Regular Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa

Light Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa

Thin Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa

ExThin Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Okay Type Alright v2 Normal Ultra Waterfall

120 Kildare

82 Marshfield

62 Allerton Hotel

48 Adler Planetarium

40 The Jesus Lizard Goat

32 Perkins, Fellows & Hamilton

24 Marshall Field and Company Building

18 New Film Fest Puts South Side on the Big Screen

12 Lincoln Towing Says 464 Complaints Over Two Years a ‘Miniscule’ Number

10 Schaumburg man blinded by Foul Ball at Wrigley Field Suing Cubs, Major League Baseball

2 Okay Type Alright v2 Normal Ultra Waterfall

120 OGDEN

82 HAMILTON

62 BEOBACHTER

48 FLORISTS REVIEW

40 MISSIONARY TIDINGS

32 CHICAGO DAILY SOCIALIST

24 RELIGIO-PHILOSOPHICAL JOURNAL

18 LOGAN SQUARE HERALD / AMATEUR’S JOURNAL

12 NORTHWESTERN TERRA COTTA / AUTOMATIC CANTEEN CO. OF AMERICA

10 CAMP SCARE AWAY OPENS AT 7 P.M. SATURDAY AT CHASE PARK, 4701 N. ASHLAND AVE.

3 Okay Type Alright v2 Normal Ultra Text Sample

◀◀ 6 / 7 pt Under the title of “Studies of the This leads me to speak of anoth- ARCHITECTURALLY CHICAGO IS To show the wonderful manner Great West” there appeared an er feature of Chicago, which has MORE INTERESTING THAN MANY in which the schools of Chica- ◀ 6 / 7.25 pt article in Harper’s New Month- no rival in this country; I mean the OLDER CITIES. ITS WEALTH AND go have increased to keep pace ly Magazine in May, 1888, by the facility for pleasure driving and OPPORTUNITY FOR FINE BUILD- with its ever-increasing popula- 6 / 7.5 pt ▶ late Charles Dudley Warner. This riding. Michigan avenue from the ING COMING WHEN OUR NATION- tion, it is only necessary to men- contribution is especially valu- mouth of the river, the centre of AL TASTE IS BEGINNING TO BE IN- tion that in 1841 there were en- 6 / 8 pt ▶▶ able in view of the fact that Chi- the town, is macadamized. It and DIVIDUAL, it has escaped the mo- cago at the time it was written rolled in the public schools a total the other avenues immediate- notony and mediocrity in which had not yet reached the million of 410 pupils, with but five teach- ly connected with the park sys- New York for so many years mark: “Chicago is becoming mod- ers in all branches. In 1911 there tem are not included in the city put its money, and out of the est. Perhaps the inhabitants may street department, but are un- were 304,146 pupils enrolled, still be able to conceal their mod- sameness of which it is escap- der the care of the Commission- ing in spots. Having also plenty with 6,584 teachers. The appro- esty, but nevertheless they feel ers of Parks. No traffic is per- it. The explanation is simple. The of room, Chicago has been able to priation made for the year 1912 mitted on them, and consequent- city has grown not only beyond avoid the block system in its resi- was $17,146,575.00, which means ly they are in superb condition for the most sanguine expectations dences, and to give play to variety that it cost the city about $56.34 driving, summer and winter. The of those who indulged in the most and creative genius. It is impossi- for each child’s training for that whole length of Michigan avenue inflated hope of its future, but it ble to do much with the interior of period. This does not include ap- has grown beyond what they said you will never see a loaded team. These roads, that is Michigan av- a house in a block, however much proximately about 75,000 pupils they expected. This gives the cit- you may load the front with orna- in parochial schools. izens pause as it might an eagle enue and the others of the park system, and the park drives, are ment. Confined to a long parallel- There is no question but that that laid a roc’s egg.” ogram, and limited as to light and “The fact is, Chicago has be- superb for driving or riding, per- the public schools of Chicago air, neither comfort nor individu- come an independent organ- fectly made for drainage and per- stand pre-eminent among the ism, growing by a combination manency, with a top-dressing of al taste can be consulted or satis- best of any municipality in the fied. Chicago is a city of detached of forces and opportunities be- pulverized granite. The cost of country, and every effort is made

◀ 7 / 9 pt The first line of cars was on State In the early days of Chicago this was un- Robert Fergus, perhaps the most thor- street, between Randolph and Twelfth doubtedly the case. It is said that the ough of practical printers, arrived in 7 / 9.5 pt streets, and these commenced oper- good die young, but of the printer it Chicago on July 1, 1839. He was born in 7 / 10 pt ▶ ations April 25th, 1859. The Madison might be remarked “Good printers die the Gallowgate of Glasgow, Scotland, street line was opened May 20th, 1859, poor,” There may be exceptions, but August 14, 1815. At the age of 15 he was and extended from Halsted to State such as there are only prove the rule. apprenticed to the printing business, street. The Randolph street line opened All who think along these lines must and as a regular indenture in those July 15th, 1859. On the North Side the admit that printing has had much to Wells street line extended from the riv- days meant a practical grounding in the do with the advancement of our city’s er to Chicago avenue, and was opened knowledge of the art, upon its comple- greatness, the lifting of it into the in the spring of 1859 ; the Clark street tion and his setting forth as a journey- prominent place it now occupies as well line was opened in August, 1859. The man he possessed a knowledge of his as demonstrating to the whole world its cars on all these roads were small and business such as qualified him to earn marvelous history a city without a peer. some of them were known as “bob- a livelihood in any part of the world. He tailed cars.” They were all drawn by WITHOUT PRINTING THERE COULD was married to Margaret Whitehead horses. The driver stood on the front BE NO PROGRESS, AS WE UNDERSTAND Scott, February, 1836. Mr. Fergus was platform in all conditions of weath- IT TODAY, OR IT WOULD BY COMPAR- er and drove his spirited team at the ISON BE ONLY OF A LIMITED ORDER, closely identified with the early histo- break-neck speed of nearly four miles AND GREAT CENTERS SUCH AS WE ry of Chicago in the printing world, and an hour, while the passenger sat inside, HAVE NOW WOULD BE QUITE IMPOSSI- was an acknowledged authority on all and if it was wintertime almost froze. BLE. TAKE PRINTING AWAY FROM OUR things pertaining to its early records.

◀ 8 / 10 pt The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in history-making, “Long John” was certainly one of the Chicago was the Directory of 1844. It was placed up- 8 / 11 pt ▶ conspicuous citizens of Chicago, and, unlike nearly all on the market in the year 1843. This Directory was of the promoters of newspapers of his day, he retired compiled by J. Wellington Norris, and printed by Ellis from the journalistic field with a competency, his re- & Fergus, from the Saloon Building, South Water and al estate investments making him a rich man and his Clark streets. natural Yankee shrewdness gave him an opportunity The second Directory, prepared similarly to the first, was also compiled by Norris. It was printed which he was not slow to turn to advantage. by James Campbell & Co., Commercial Building, 65 James J. Langdon was foreman of the Journal of- Lake street. A ludicrous incident is connected with fice in 1848. He later went into business with Ster- the compilation and printing of this work. The first ling P. Rounds and aided in establishing THE PRINT- of Campbell & Co. came to a premature dissolution ERS’ CABINET. Mr. Rounds’ entire capital was $5.00. while the Directory was in process of gestation. Mr. Mr. Langdon shortly thereafter retired to Prairie du Campbell, who was a man of quick temper, becom- Chien, Wis., and embarked in the horse business, but ing incensed at Mr. Norris (the Co.) forcibly eject- finding that his animals cost him more than he could ed him from the office and threatened to kick him if make out of them he returned to Chicago and again he looked back. Some gentlemen, subsequently dis- formed a partnership with Mr. Rounds. In December, cussing the contention with Mr. Norris, asked him if he emulated the example of Lot’s wife. Norris replied, 1856, there was but one other journal in the United

4 Okay Type Alright v2 Normal Ultra Text Sample

◀ 9 / 12 pt No story of Chicago would be complete without The following is an extract from The Chicago

9 / 13 pt ▶ a short account of the great fire of 1871, and Tribune of Sunday, October 8, the last issue nothing can prove more interesting than the before the office was destroyed. It is said to be statements of eye witnesses of that scene, and one of the best descriptions of the scene now by these accounts and what history has proved, accessible: it stands today as one of the most appalling vis- “Only a few minutes elapsed after the strik- itations which the world had ever experienced. ing of the alarm before the flames were seen There were seventy-three miles of streets sweeping to the sky, and the lurid light that illu- burned and the total loss of property could not have been less than $200,000,000.00. The minated the horizon grew more and more pow- Custom House, the Court House, the Postof- erful, casting its brilliant rays in every direc- fice, the Chamber of Commerce and the great tion, bringing out in bold relief the fronts of business blocks, the banks, the theaters and the buildings which faced it from all quarters. the newspaper offices, all went down togeth- The wind, seeming to rise as the flames did, set er in the awful conflagration. We can form some from the Southwest, carrying with it in its on- conception of the extent of the buildings and ward rush streams of sparks, cinders and par- property destroyed by the space burned over tially burned pieces of wood, which covered the which, on the West Side, embraced one hundred sky with dazzling spangles, sweeping north- and twenty-four acres; South Side, four hun- westward like a flight of meteors, but fall- dred and sixty acres; North Side, one thousand ing steadily in a fiery shower of rain, over that four hundred and seventy acres; making a total broad area embraced between the river, the area of two thousand one hundred and twen- ty-four acres, or nearly three and a half square South Branch, Wells street and Jackson street; miles, being about four miles in length and from the lighter ones going far over on the North Di-

◀ 10 / 14 pt The dominance of railroads over the af- The study of Chicago street names is an 10 / 15 pt ▶ fairs of mankind will mean the most rap- interesting pursuit, and it brings to light id growth for Chicago, the greatest center many a bit of forgotten history. The first of railroads. The railroads of the United survey of Chicago was made in 1830 by States have a higher standard than those James Thompson, and embraced an area abroad. This is a commercial age. Ameri- of about three-eighths of a square mile. ca is the greatest commercial and industri- Besides the garrison at Fort Dearborn, the al nation. It is rapidly becoming the finan- population did not exceed 100. Three of cial center of the world. The time will come the boundary streets of the village were when it will also hold the supremacy in the arts and the sciences that it now does named after the most prominent men of in commerce. All these things will help to the day, the survey showing that Washing- bring Chicago to the front as the world me- ton street was the south boundary, Jef- tropolis.” The growth of population in Chi- ferson street the west, Kinzie street the cago is shown as follows : north and Dearborn street the east. Dear- CensusPopulation Change born street was named after the fort, 1840 4,470 — which in turn was named in honor of Gen- 1850 29,963 570.3% eral Henry Dearborn, Secretary of War; 1860 112,172 274.4% Kinzie street took its name from John 1870 298,977 166.5% Kinzie, the early white settler, while the 1880 503,185 68.3% others were named after George Wash- 1890 1,099,850 118.6% ington and Thomas Jefferson. North- The present area of the city is 204 square ward from Washington street came Ran- miles. This is divided into thirty-five wards.

5 Family Alright

Width Normal

Weight Black

Normal Narrow Condensed Compressed

Ultra Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa

Black Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa

Bold Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa

Medium Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa

Regular Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa

Light Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa

Thin Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa

ExThin Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Okay Type Alright v2 Normal Black Waterfall

120 Kimball

82 Englewood

62 Prairie Shores

48 Motor Row District

40 Common Resurrection

32 George Hofmann & Brothers

24 The Horseman and Spirit of the Times

18 Yes, I Drove My SUV to the Environmental Protest

12 iPhone Screen Repair • 15 Minutes • Staring at $39.99 • Walk-Ins Welcome

10 A Decade After the Real Estate Crash, Chicago-Area Prices are Nearing Peak Levels Again

2 Okay Type Alright v2 Normal Black Waterfall

120 WOLFY

82 KILBOURN

62 GOLDEN GATE

48 THE TRADE PIANO

40 JOURNAL OF SCIENCE

32 FIRESIDE, FARM, AND FIELD

24 AGRICULTURE AND FAMILY GAZETTE

18 TEMPLAR’S OFFERING / FARM IMPLEMENT NEWS

12 CARSON PIRIE SCOTT & CO / NATIONAL MALLEABLE AND STEEL CASTING

10 HOTTEST START TO THE FALL EVER? CHICAGO BREAKS RECORD FOR 6TH DAY IN A ROW

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◀◀ 6 / 7 pt Under the title of “Studies of the This leads me to speak of anoth- ARCHITECTURALLY CHICAGO IS To show the wonderful manner Great West” there appeared an er feature of Chicago, which has MORE INTERESTING THAN MANY in which the schools of Chica- ◀ 6 / 7.25 pt article in Harper’s New Monthly no rival in this country; I mean OLDER CITIES. ITS WEALTH AND go have increased to keep pace Magazine in May, 1888, by the late the facility for pleasure driving OPPORTUNITY FOR FINE BUILD- with its ever-increasing popula- 6 / 7.5 pt ▶ Charles Dudley Warner. This con- and riding. Michigan avenue from ING COMING WHEN OUR NATION- tion, it is only necessary to men- tribution is especially valuable in the mouth of the river, the cen- AL TASTE IS BEGINNING TO BE IN- tion that in 1841 there were en- 6 / 8 pt ▶▶ view of the fact that Chicago at tre of the town, is macadamized. DIVIDUAL, it has escaped the mo- the time it was written had not yet rolled in the public schools a total It and the other avenues immedi- notony and mediocrity in which reached the million mark: “Chica- of 410 pupils, with but five teach- ately connected with the park sys- New York for so many years put go is becoming modest. Perhaps ers in all branches. In 1911 there tem are not included in the city its money, and out of the same- the inhabitants may still be able to street department, but are under were 304,146 pupils enrolled, with conceal their modesty, but never- ness of which it is escaping in the care of the Commissioners of spots. Having also plenty of room, 6,584 teachers. The appropria- theless they feel it. The explana- Parks. No traffic is permitted on tion is simple. The city has grown Chicago has been able to avoid the tion made for the year 1912 was them, and consequently they are not only beyond the most san- block system in its residences, and $17,146,575.00, which means that in superb condition for driving, guine expectations of those who to give play to variety and creative it cost the city about $56.34 for summer and winter. The whole indulged in the most inflated hope genius. It is impossible to do much each child’s training for that peri- length of Michigan avenue you will of its future, but it has grown be- with the interior of a house in a od. This does not include approxi- yond what they said they expect- never see a loaded team. These roads, that is Michigan avenue block, however much you may load mately about 75,000 pupils in pa- ed. This gives the citizens pause the front with ornament. Confined rochial schools. as it might an eagle that laid a and the others of the park sys- tem, and the park drives, are su- to a long parallelogram, and limit- There is no question but that roc’s egg.” ed as to light and air, neither com- “The fact is, Chicago has be- perb for driving or riding, perfect- the public schools of Chicago fort nor individual taste can be come an independent organism, ly made for drainage and perma- stand pre-eminent among the growing by a combination of forc- nency, with a top-dressing of pul- consulted or satisfied. Chicago is best of any municipality in the a city of detached houses, in the es and opportunities beyond the verized granite. The cost of Mich- country, and every effort is made

◀ 7 / 9 pt The first line of cars was on State street, In the early days of Chicago this was Robert Fergus, perhaps the most thor- between Randolph and Twelfth streets, undoubtedly the case. It is said that ough of practical printers, arrived in 7 / 9.5 pt and these commenced operations April the good die young, but of the print- Chicago on July 1, 1839. He was born 7 / 10 pt ▶ 25th, 1859. The Madison street line was er it might be remarked “Good printers in the Gallowgate of Glasgow, Scot- opened May 20th, 1859, and extended die poor,” There may be exceptions, but land, August 14, 1815. At the age of 15 from Halsted to State street. The Ran- such as there are only prove the rule. he was apprenticed to the printing busi- dolph street line opened July 15th, 1859. All who think along these lines must ness, and as a regular indenture in those On the North Side the Wells street line admit that printing has had much to extended from the river to Chicago av- days meant a practical grounding in the do with the advancement of our city’s enue, and was opened in the spring of knowledge of the art, upon its comple- greatness, the lifting of it into the 1859 ; the Clark street line was opened tion and his setting forth as a journey- prominent place it now occupies as well in August, 1859. The cars on all these man he possessed a knowledge of his as demonstrating to the whole world its roads were small and some of them were business such as qualified him to earn marvelous history a city without a peer. known as “bob-tailed cars.” They were a livelihood in any part of the world. He all drawn by horses. The driver stood WITHOUT PRINTING THERE COULD was married to Margaret Whitehead on the front platform in all conditions BE NO PROGRESS, AS WE UNDER- Scott, February, 1836. Mr. Fergus was of weather and drove his spirited team STAND IT TODAY, OR IT WOULD BY COM- at the break-neck speed of nearly four PARISON BE ONLY OF A LIMITED OR- closely identified with the early histo- miles an hour, while the passenger sat DER, AND GREAT CENTERS SUCH AS WE ry of Chicago in the printing world, and inside, and if it was wintertime almost HAVE NOW WOULD BE QUITE IMPOSSI- was an acknowledged authority on all froze. Oh! those cars. What misery they BLE. TAKE PRINTING AWAY FROM OUR things pertaining to its early records.

◀ 8 / 10 pt The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in history-making, “Long John” was certainly one of the Chicago was the Directory of 1844. It was placed up- 8 / 11 pt ▶ conspicuous citizens of Chicago, and, unlike nearly all on the market in the year 1843. This Directory was of the promoters of newspapers of his day, he retired compiled by J. Wellington Norris, and printed by Ellis from the journalistic field with a competency, his re- & Fergus, from the Saloon Building, South Water and al estate investments making him a rich man and his Clark streets. natural Yankee shrewdness gave him an opportunity The second Directory, prepared similarly to the first, was also compiled by Norris. It was printed by which he was not slow to turn to advantage. James Campbell & Co., Commercial Building, 65 Lake James J. Langdon was foreman of the Journal of- street. A ludicrous incident is connected with the com- fice in 1848. He later went into business with Ster- pilation and printing of this work. The first of Camp- ling P. Rounds and aided in establishing THE PRINT- bell & Co. came to a premature dissolution while the ERS’ CABINET. Mr. Rounds’ entire capital was $5.00. Directory was in process of gestation. Mr. Campbell, Mr. Langdon shortly thereafter retired to Prairie du who was a man of quick temper, becoming incensed at Chien, Wis., and embarked in the horse business, but Mr. Norris (the Co.) forcibly ejected him from the office finding that his animals cost him more than he could and threatened to kick him if he looked back. Some make out of them he returned to Chicago and again gentlemen, subsequently discussing the contention formed a partnership with Mr. Rounds. In Decem- with Mr. Norris, asked him if he emulated the example of Lot’s wife. Norris replied, “No, I didn’t look back.” ber, 1856, there was but one other journal in the Unit-

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◀ 9 / 12 pt No story of Chicago would be complete with- The following is an extract from The Chicago

9 / 13 pt ▶ out a short account of the great fire of 1871, and Tribune of Sunday, October 8, the last issue be- nothing can prove more interesting than the fore the office was destroyed. It is said to be one statements of eye witnesses of that scene, and of the best descriptions of the scene now acces- by these accounts and what history has proved, sible: it stands today as one of the most appalling vis- “Only a few minutes elapsed after the strik- itations which the world had ever experienced. ing of the alarm before the flames were seen There were seventy-three miles of streets sweeping to the sky, and the lurid light that illu- burned and the total loss of property could not have been less than $200,000,000.00. The Cus- minated the horizon grew more and more pow- tom House, the Court House, the Postoffice, the erful, casting its brilliant rays in every direc- Chamber of Commerce and the great business tion, bringing out in bold relief the fronts of the blocks, the banks, the theaters and the news- buildings which faced it from all quarters. The paper offices, all went down together in the -aw wind, seeming to rise as the flames did, set from ful conflagration. We can form some concep- the Southwest, carrying with it in its onward tion of the extent of the buildings and proper- rush streams of sparks, cinders and partial- ty destroyed by the space burned over which, on ly burned pieces of wood, which covered the sky the West Side, embraced one hundred and twen- with dazzling spangles, sweeping northwest- ty-four acres; South Side, four hundred and six- ward like a flight of meteors, but falling steadi- ty acres; North Side, one thousand four hundred ly in a fiery shower of rain, over that broad area and seventy acres; making a total area of two embraced between the river, the South Branch, thousand one hundred and twenty-four acres, or nearly three and a half square miles, being Wells street and Jackson street; the lighter about four miles in length and from one to one ones going far over on the North Division, while

◀ 10 / 14 pt The dominance of railroads over the af- The study of Chicago street names is an in- 10 / 15 pt ▶ fairs of mankind will mean the most rap- teresting pursuit, and it brings to light ma- id growth for Chicago, the greatest cen- ny a bit of forgotten history. The first sur- ter of railroads. The railroads of the United vey of Chicago was made in 1830 by James States have a higher standard than those Thompson, and embraced an area of about abroad. This is a commercial age. Ameri- three-eighths of a square mile. Besides the ca is the greatest commercial and industri- garrison at Fort Dearborn, the population al nation. It is rapidly becoming the finan- did not exceed 100. Three of the bound- cial center of the world. The time will come ary streets of the village were named af- when it will also hold the supremacy in the arts and the sciences that it now does ter the most prominent men of the day, the in commerce. All these things will help to survey showing that Washington street bring Chicago to the front as the world me- was the south boundary, Jefferson street tropolis.” The growth of population in Chi- the west, Kinzie street the north and Dear- cago is shown as follows : born street the east. Dearborn street was CensusPopulation Change named after the fort, which in turn was 1840 4,470 — named in honor of General Henry Dear- 1850 29,963 570.3% born, Secretary of War; Kinzie street took 1860 112,172 274.4% its name from John Kinzie, the early white 1870 298,977 166.5% settler, while the others were named after 1880 503,185 68.3% George Washington and Thomas Jefferson. 1890 1,099,850 118.6% Northward from Washington street came The present area of the city is 204 square Randolph, named after John Randolph of miles. This is divided into thirty-five wards.

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120 Pontiac

82 Bridgeport

62 Oliver Building

48 Elihu B. Washburne

40 Spiegel Administration

32 Seven Houses on Lake Shore

24 The Druggist and Paint and Oil Review

18 Authentic Car Locksmith Service In Your Area. $30

12 Voucher Champs Note: Illinois $75m Tax Credit Offset Funding Doesn’t Exist

10 He came to the US as a baby. Now he’s dedicating his Chicago Marathon run to ‘Dreamers.’

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120 ISLAND

82 KEYSTONE

62 WEST DEPAUL

48 WORLD MAGAZINE

40 RAILWAY ENTERPRISE

32 CONGREGATIONAL HERALD

24 CHICAGO COMMERCIAL ADVERTISER

18 WESTERN ODD FELLOW / POPULAR ELECTRICITY

12 WESTERN MERCHANTS’ PRICE CURRENT AND MANUFACTURERS’ RECORD

10 NORTH PARK STREETS TRANSFORMED INTO POP-UP GALLERIES FOR ART WALK SUNDAY

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◀◀ 6 / 7 pt Under the title of “Studies of the This leads me to speak of anoth- ARCHITECTURALLY CHICAGO IS To show the wonderful manner in Great West” there appeared an ar- er feature of Chicago, which has MORE INTERESTING THAN MANY which the schools of Chicago have ◀ 6 / 7.25 pt ticle in Harper’s New Monthly Mag- no rival in this country; I mean OLDER CITIES. ITS WEALTH AND increased to keep pace with its ev- azine in May, 1888, by the late the facility for pleasure driving OPPORTUNITY FOR FINE BUILD- er-increasing population, it is only 6 / 7.5 pt ▶ Charles Dudley Warner. This con- and riding. Michigan avenue from ING COMING WHEN OUR NATION- necessary to mention that in 1841 tribution is especially valuable in the mouth of the river, the cen- AL TASTE IS BEGINNING TO BE IN- there were enrolled in the public 6 / 8 pt ▶▶ view of the fact that Chicago at tre of the town, is macadamized. DIVIDUAL, it has escaped the mo- the time it was written had not yet schools a total of 410 pupils, with It and the other avenues immedi- notony and mediocrity in which reached the million mark: “Chica- but five teachers in all branches. In ately connected with the park sys- New York for so many years put go is becoming modest. Perhaps 1911 there were 304,146 pupils en- tem are not included in the city its money, and out of the same- the inhabitants may still be able to street department, but are under rolled, with 6,584 teachers. The conceal their modesty, but never- ness of which it is escaping in the care of the Commissioners of spots. Having also plenty of room, appropriation made for the year theless they feel it. The explana- Parks. No traffic is permitted on tion is simple. The city has grown Chicago has been able to avoid 1912 was $17,146,575.00, which them, and consequently they are in not only beyond the most sanguine the block system in its residences, means that it cost the city about superb condition for driving, sum- expectations of those who in- and to give play to variety and cre- $56.34 for each child’s training for mer and winter. The whole length dulged in the most inflated hope of ative genius. It is impossible to do that period. This does not include of Michigan avenue you will nev- its future, but it has grown beyond much with the interior of a house approximately about 75,000 pu- what they said they expected. This er see a loaded team. These roads, that is Michigan avenue and the in a block, however much you may pils in parochial schools. gives the citizens pause as it might load the front with ornament. Con- There is no question but that an eagle that laid a roc’s egg.” others of the park system, and the park drives, are superb for driv- fined to a long parallelogram, and the public schools of Chicago “The fact is, Chicago has be- limited as to light and air, neither come an independent organism, ing or riding, perfectly made for stand pre-eminent among the best comfort nor individual taste can growing by a combination of forces drainage and permanency, with a of any municipality in the coun- and opportunities beyond the con- top-dressing of pulverized granite. be consulted or satisfied. Chicago try, and every effort is made to is a city of detached houses, in the trivance of any combination of men The cost of Michigan avenue drive make them as much more effec-

◀ 7 / 9 pt The first line of cars was on State street, In the early days of Chicago this was un- Robert Fergus, perhaps the most thor- between Randolph and Twelfth streets, doubtedly the case. It is said that the ough of practical printers, arrived in Chi- 7 / 9.5 pt and these commenced operations April good die young, but of the printer it cago on July 1, 1839. He was born in the 7 / 10 pt ▶ 25th, 1859. The Madison street line was might be remarked “Good printers die Gallowgate of Glasgow, Scotland, August opened May 20th, 1859, and extended poor,” There may be exceptions, but such 14, 1815. At the age of 15 he was appren- from Halsted to State street. The Ran- as there are only prove the rule. ticed to the printing business, and as a dolph street line opened July 15th, 1859. All who think along these lines must regular indenture in those days meant a On the North Side the Wells street line admit that printing has had much to extended from the river to Chicago av- practical grounding in the knowledge of do with the advancement of our city’s enue, and was opened in the spring of the art, upon its completion and his set- greatness, the lifting of it into the prom- 1859 ; the Clark street line was opened ting forth as a journeyman he possessed inent place it now occupies as well as in August, 1859. The cars on all these a knowledge of his business such as qual- demonstrating to the whole world its roads were small and some of them were ified him to earn a livelihood in any part marvelous history a city without a peer. known as “bob-tailed cars.” They were all of the world. He was married to Marga- drawn by horses. The driver stood on the WITHOUT PRINTING THERE COULD ret Whitehead Scott, February, 1836. Mr. front platform in all conditions of weath- BE NO PROGRESS, AS WE UNDERSTAND Fergus was closely identified with the er and drove his spirited team at the IT TODAY, OR IT WOULD BY COMPAR- break-neck speed of nearly four miles ISON BE ONLY OF A LIMITED ORDER, early history of Chicago in the printing an hour, while the passenger sat inside, AND GREAT CENTERS SUCH AS WE HAVE world, and was an acknowledged author- and if it was wintertime almost froze. Oh! NOW WOULD BE QUITE IMPOSSIBLE. ity on all things pertaining to its early re- those cars. What misery they represent- TAKE PRINTING AWAY FROM OUR PRE- cords. All his life he was identified with

◀ 8 / 10 pt The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued history-making, “Long John” was certainly one of the in Chicago was the Directory of 1844. It was placed 8 / 11 pt ▶ conspicuous citizens of Chicago, and, unlike nearly all upon the market in the year 1843. This Directory was of the promoters of newspapers of his day, he retired compiled by J. Wellington Norris, and printed by Ellis from the journalistic field with a competency, his real & Fergus, from the Saloon Building, South Water and estate investments making him a rich man and his nat- Clark streets. ural Yankee shrewdness gave him an opportunity which The second Directory, prepared similarly to the first, was also compiled by Norris. It was printed by James he was not slow to turn to advantage. Campbell & Co., Commercial Building, 65 Lake street. James J. Langdon was foreman of the Journal of- A ludicrous incident is connected with the compila- fice in 1848. He later went into business with Sterling P. tion and printing of this work. The first of Campbell & Rounds and aided in establishing THE PRINTERS’ CABI- Co. came to a premature dissolution while the Directo- NET. Mr. Rounds’ entire capital was $5.00. Mr. Langdon ry was in process of gestation. Mr. Campbell, who was shortly thereafter retired to Prairie du Chien, Wis., and a man of quick temper, becoming incensed at Mr. Nor- embarked in the horse business, but finding that his ris (the Co.) forcibly ejected him from the office and animals cost him more than he could make out of them threatened to kick him if he looked back. Some gentle- he returned to Chicago and again formed a partnership men, subsequently discussing the contention with Mr. with Mr. Rounds. In December, 1856, there was but one Norris, asked him if he emulated the example of Lot’s wife. Norris replied, “No, I didn’t look back.” This un- other journal in the United States that was devoted ex-

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◀ 9 / 12 pt No story of Chicago would be complete without a The following is an extract from The Chicago Tri-

9 / 13 pt ▶ short account of the great fire of 1871, and noth- bune of Sunday, October 8, the last issue before ing can prove more interesting than the state- the office was destroyed. It is said to be one of the ments of eye witnesses of that scene, and by best descriptions of the scene now accessible: these accounts and what history has proved, it “Only a few minutes elapsed after the striking stands today as one of the most appalling visi- of the alarm before the flames were seen sweep- tations which the world had ever experienced. ing to the sky, and the lurid light that illuminat- There were seventy-three miles of streets ed the horizon grew more and more powerful, burned and the total loss of property could not have been less than $200,000,000.00. The Cus- casting its brilliant rays in every direction, bring- tom House, the Court House, the Postoffice, the ing out in bold relief the fronts of the buildings Chamber of Commerce and the great business which faced it from all quarters. The wind, seem- blocks, the banks, the theaters and the news- ing to rise as the flames did, set from the South- paper offices, all went down together in the -aw west, carrying with it in its onward rush streams ful conflagration. We can form some concep- of sparks, cinders and partially burned pieces of tion of the extent of the buildings and proper- wood, which covered the sky with dazzling span- ty destroyed by the space burned over which, on gles, sweeping northwestward like a flight of me- the West Side, embraced one hundred and twen- teors, but falling steadily in a fiery shower of ty-four acres; South Side, four hundred and six- rain, over that broad area embraced between the ty acres; North Side, one thousand four hundred river, the South Branch, Wells street and Jack- and seventy acres; making a total area of two son street; the lighter ones going far over on the thousand one hundred and twenty-four acres, or nearly three and a half square miles, being about North Division, while the heavier and more dan- four miles in length and from one to one and a gerous ones fell before they reached that point.

◀ 10 / 14 pt The dominance of railroads over the af- The study of Chicago street names is an in- 10 / 15 pt ▶ fairs of mankind will mean the most rap- teresting pursuit, and it brings to light ma- id growth for Chicago, the greatest cen- ny a bit of forgotten history. The first sur- ter of railroads. The railroads of the Unit- vey of Chicago was made in 1830 by James ed States have a higher standard than those Thompson, and embraced an area of about abroad. This is a commercial age. America is three-eighths of a square mile. Besides the the greatest commercial and industrial na- garrison at Fort Dearborn, the population tion. It is rapidly becoming the financial cen- did not exceed 100. Three of the boundary ter of the world. The time will come when it streets of the village were named after the will also hold the supremacy in the arts and the sciences that it now does in commerce. most prominent men of the day, the sur- All these things will help to bring Chicago vey showing that Washington street was the to the front as the world metropolis.” The south boundary, Jefferson street the west, growth of population in Chicago is shown as Kinzie street the north and Dearborn street follows : the east. Dearborn street was named after Census Population Change the fort, which in turn was named in hon- 1840 4,470 — or of General Henry Dearborn, Secretary of 1850 29,963 570.3% War; Kinzie street took its name from John 1860 112,172 274.4% Kinzie, the early white settler, while the oth- 1870 298,977 166.5% ers were named after George Washing- 1880 503,185 68.3% ton and Thomas Jefferson. Northward from 1890 1,099,850 118.6% Washington street came Randolph, named The present area of the city is 204 square after John Randolph of Roanoke; Lake, af- miles. This is divided into thirty-five wards.

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120 Mandell

82 South Loop

62 Lincoln Square

48 Lorraine Hansberry

40 Calumet National Bank

32 Jean Baptiste Point du Sable

24 Chicago Medical Journal and Examiner

18 Customer Service Representative + Great Benefits!

12 Here are the 36 Breweries That Will Flood This Year’s Barrel-Aged-Beer Fest

10 Weather Service Issues Strong Wind Alert for Areas Near Lake Michigan / The Jesus Lizard

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120 LEHIGH

82 MAGNOLIA

62 SOUTH SHORE

48 IN DOOR AND OUT

40 BOTANICAL BULLETIN

32 CHICAGO BOARD OF TRADE

24 AMAZING SUNSET VIEWS WEST LOOP

18 BRICK AND CLAY RECORD / MIRROR OF FASHION

12 HAMMOND ORGAN CO / TOOTSIE ROLL INDUSTRIES / BAKER & MCKENZIE

10 RECORD-BREAKING 90-DEGREE WEATHER ALL WEEKEND — WITH SUPER HIGH HUMIDITY

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◀◀ 6 / 7 pt Under the title of “Studies of the This leads me to speak of another ARCHITECTURALLY CHICAGO IS To show the wonderful manner in Great West” there appeared an ar- feature of Chicago, which has no ri- MORE INTERESTING THAN MANY which the schools of Chicago have ◀ 6 / 7.25 pt ticle in Harper’s New Monthly Mag- val in this country; I mean the facil- OLDER CITIES. ITS WEALTH AND increased to keep pace with its ev- azine in May, 1888, by the late ity for pleasure driving and riding. OPPORTUNITY FOR FINE BUILD- er-increasing population, it is only 6 / 7.5 pt ▶ Charles Dudley Warner. This contri- Michigan avenue from the mouth ING COMING WHEN OUR NATION- necessary to mention that in 1841 bution is especially valuable in view of the river, the centre of the town, AL TASTE IS BEGINNING TO BE IN- there were enrolled in the public 6 / 8 pt ▶▶ of the fact that Chicago at the time is macadamized. It and the oth- DIVIDUAL, it has escaped the mo- it was written had not yet reached schools a total of 410 pupils, with er avenues immediately connect- notony and mediocrity in which the million mark: “Chicago is be- but five teachers in all branches. In ed with the park system are not in- New York for so many years put coming modest. Perhaps the in- 1911 there were 304,146 pupils en- cluded in the city street depart- its money, and out of the same- habitants may still be able to con- ment, but are under the care of the rolled, with 6,584 teachers. The ceal their modesty, but neverthe- ness of which it is escaping in Commissioners of Parks. No traf- spots. Having also plenty of room, appropriation made for the year less they feel it. The explanation is fic is permitted on them, and con- simple. The city has grown not only Chicago has been able to avoid 1912 was $17,146,575.00, which sequently they are in superb condi- beyond the most sanguine expecta- the block system in its residences, means that it cost the city about tion for driving, summer and win- tions of those who indulged in the and to give play to variety and cre- $56.34 for each child’s training for ter. The whole length of Michigan most inflated hope of its future, but ative genius. It is impossible to do that period. This does not include avenue you will never see a loaded it has grown beyond what they said much with the interior of a house approximately about 75,000 pupils they expected. This gives the citi- team. These roads, that is Michigan avenue and the others of the park in a block, however much you may in parochial schools. zens pause as it might an eagle that load the front with ornament. Con- There is no question but that the laid a roc’s egg.” system, and the park drives, are su- perb for driving or riding, perfect- fined to a long parallelogram, and public schools of Chicago stand “The fact is, Chicago has become limited as to light and air, neither an independent organism, growing ly made for drainage and perma- pre-eminent among the best of any comfort nor individual taste can by a combination of forces and op- nency, with a top-dressing of pul- municipality in the country, and ev- portunities beyond the contrivance verized granite. The cost of Michi- be consulted or satisfied. Chicago ery effort is made to make them is a city of detached houses, in the of any combination of men to help gan avenue drive was two hundred as much more effective as possi-

◀ 7 / 9 pt The first line of cars was on State street, In the early days of Chicago this was un- Robert Fergus, perhaps the most thor- between Randolph and Twelfth streets, doubtedly the case. It is said that the ough of practical printers, arrived in Chi- 7 / 9.5 pt and these commenced operations April good die young, but of the printer it cago on July 1, 1839. He was born in the 7 / 10 pt ▶ 25th, 1859. The Madison street line was might be remarked “Good printers die Gallowgate of Glasgow, Scotland, August opened May 20th, 1859, and extended poor,” There may be exceptions, but such 14, 1815. At the age of 15 he was appren- from Halsted to State street. The Ran- as there are only prove the rule. ticed to the printing business, and as a dolph street line opened July 15th, 1859. All who think along these lines must regular indenture in those days meant a On the North Side the Wells street line admit that printing has had much to do extended from the river to Chicago ave- practical grounding in the knowledge of with the advancement of our city’s great- nue, and was opened in the spring of 1859 the art, upon its completion and his set- ness, the lifting of it into the prominent ; the Clark street line was opened in Au- ting forth as a journeyman he possessed place it now occupies as well as demon- gust, 1859. The cars on all these roads a knowledge of his business such as qual- strating to the whole world its marvelous were small and some of them were known ified him to earn a livelihood in any part history a city without a peer. as “bob-tailed cars.” They were all drawn of the world. He was married to Margaret by horses. The driver stood on the front WITHOUT PRINTING THERE COULD Whitehead Scott, February, 1836. Mr. Fer- platform in all conditions of weather and BE NO PROGRESS, AS WE UNDERSTAND gus was closely identified with the ear- drove his spirited team at the break-neck IT TODAY, OR IT WOULD BY COMPAR- speed of nearly four miles an hour, while ISON BE ONLY OF A LIMITED ORDER, ly history of Chicago in the printing world, the passenger sat inside, and if it was AND GREAT CENTERS SUCH AS WE HAVE and was an acknowledged authority on all wintertime almost froze. Oh! those cars. NOW WOULD BE QUITE IMPOSSIBLE. things pertaining to its early records. All What misery they represented in the win- TAKE PRINTING AWAY FROM OUR PRE- his life he was identified with printing and

◀ 8 / 10 pt The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in history-making, “Long John” was certainly one of the Chicago was the Directory of 1844. It was placed upon 8 / 11 pt ▶ conspicuous citizens of Chicago, and, unlike nearly all of the market in the year 1843. This Directory was compiled the promoters of newspapers of his day, he retired from by J. Wellington Norris, and printed by Ellis & Fergus, the journalistic field with a competency, his real estate from the Saloon Building, South Water and Clark streets. investments making him a rich man and his natural Yan- The second Directory, prepared similarly to the first, kee shrewdness gave him an opportunity which he was was also compiled by Norris. It was printed by James Campbell & Co., Commercial Building, 65 Lake street. not slow to turn to advantage. A ludicrous incident is connected with the compilation James J. Langdon was foreman of the Journal of- and printing of this work. The first of Campbell & Co. fice in 1848. He later went into business with Sterling P. came to a premature dissolution while the Directory was Rounds and aided in establishing THE PRINTERS’ CAB- in process of gestation. Mr. Campbell, who was a man INET. Mr. Rounds’ entire capital was $5.00. Mr. Lang- of quick temper, becoming incensed at Mr. Norris (the don shortly thereafter retired to Prairie du Chien, Wis., Co.) forcibly ejected him from the office and threatened and embarked in the horse business, but finding that his to kick him if he looked back. Some gentlemen, subse- animals cost him more than he could make out of them quently discussing the contention with Mr. Norris, asked he returned to Chicago and again formed a partnership him if he emulated the example of Lot’s wife. Norris re- with Mr. Rounds. In December, 1856, there was but one plied, “No, I didn’t look back.” This unseemly dispute severed the copartnership, as in point of fact any co- other journal in the United States that was devoted ex-

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◀ 9 / 12 pt No story of Chicago would be complete without a The following is an extract from The Chicago Tri-

9 / 13 pt ▶ short account of the great fire of 1871, and noth- bune of Sunday, October 8, the last issue before ing can prove more interesting than the state- the office was destroyed. It is said to be one of the ments of eye witnesses of that scene, and by best descriptions of the scene now accessible: these accounts and what history has proved, it “Only a few minutes elapsed after the striking stands today as one of the most appalling visita- of the alarm before the flames were seen sweep- tions which the world had ever experienced. There ing to the sky, and the lurid light that illuminat- were seventy-three miles of streets burned and ed the horizon grew more and more powerful, the total loss of property could not have been less than $200,000,000.00. The Custom House, casting its brilliant rays in every direction, bring- the Court House, the Postoffice, the Chamber ing out in bold relief the fronts of the buildings of Commerce and the great business blocks, the which faced it from all quarters. The wind, seem- banks, the theaters and the newspaper offices, ing to rise as the flames did, set from the South- all went down together in the awful conflagra- west, carrying with it in its onward rush streams tion. We can form some conception of the extent of sparks, cinders and partially burned pieces of of the buildings and property destroyed by the wood, which covered the sky with dazzling span- space burned over which, on the West Side, em- gles, sweeping northwestward like a flight of me- braced one hundred and twenty-four acres; South teors, but falling steadily in a fiery shower of rain, Side, four hundred and sixty acres; North Side, over that broad area embraced between the riv- one thousand four hundred and seventy acres; er, the South Branch, Wells street and Jack- making a total area of two thousand one hundred son street; the lighter ones going far over on the and twenty-four acres, or nearly three and a half square miles, being about four miles in length and North Division, while the heavier and more dan- from one to one and a half in width. The number gerous ones fell before they reached that point.

◀ 10 / 14 pt The dominance of railroads over the affairs The study of Chicago street names is an in- 10 / 15 pt ▶ of mankind will mean the most rapid growth teresting pursuit, and it brings to light ma- for Chicago, the greatest center of railroads. ny a bit of forgotten history. The first sur- The railroads of the United States have a vey of Chicago was made in 1830 by James higher standard than those abroad. This is Thompson, and embraced an area of about a commercial age. America is the greatest three-eighths of a square mile. Besides commercial and industrial nation. It is rapid- the garrison at Fort Dearborn, the popula- ly becoming the financial center of the world. tion did not exceed 100. Three of the bound- The time will come when it will also hold the ary streets of the village were named after supremacy in the arts and the sciences that it now does in commerce. All these things the most prominent men of the day, the sur- will help to bring Chicago to the front as the vey showing that Washington street was the world metropolis.” The growth of population south boundary, Jefferson street the west, in Chicago is shown as follows : Kinzie street the north and Dearborn street Census Population Change the east. Dearborn street was named after 1840 4,470 — the fort, which in turn was named in honor of 1850 29,963 570.3% General Henry Dearborn, Secretary of War; 1860 112,172 274.4% Kinzie street took its name from John Kinzie, 1870 298,977 166.5% the early white settler, while the others were 1880 503,185 68.3% named after George Washington and Thom- 1890 1,099,850 118.6% as Jefferson. Northward from Washington The present area of the city is 204 square street came Randolph, named after John miles. This is divided into thirty-five wards. Randolph of Roanoke; Lake, after Lake Mich- The Twenty-seventh ward, the largest in

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120 Laporte

82 Washington

62 Drake Fountain

48 Dr. Fannie Emanuel

40 Chicago Orphan Asylum

32 Mundelein College Skyscraper

24 American Artisan and Hardware Record

18 Mahalia Jackson: The World’s Greatest Gospel Singer

12 Stink Bugs That Smell Like Rotting Cherries Ready to Crawl in Chicago Homes

10 Rags To Rufus Vinyl / Prairie School Pays Homage to Frank Lloyd Wright with Beautiful Design

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120 FACKEL

82 PROSPECT

62 HOME VISITOR

48 SONG MESSENGER

40 MIRROR OF FASHIONS

32 PULASKI PARK FIELDHOUSE

24 DAILY RECORD AND HOTEL REGISTER

18 OUR FIRESIDE FRIEND / CHAMPION OF FAIR PLAY

12 TELETYPE CORP / CHICAGO BRIDGE & IRON CO. / FOOTE, CONE & BELDING

10 PRECKWINKLE WARNS: REPEAL POP TAX AND WE’LL HAVE TO CUT, CLOSE, AND BORROW

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◀◀ 6 / 7 pt Under the title of “Studies of the This leads me to speak of another ARCHITECTURALLY CHICAGO IS To show the wonderful manner in Great West” there appeared an ar- feature of Chicago, which has no ri- MORE INTERESTING THAN MANY which the schools of Chicago have ◀ 6 / 7.25 pt ticle in Harper’s New Monthly Mag- val in this country; I mean the facil- OLDER CITIES. ITS WEALTH AND increased to keep pace with its ev- azine in May, 1888, by the late ity for pleasure driving and riding. OPPORTUNITY FOR FINE BUILD- er-increasing population, it is on- 6 / 7.5 pt ▶ Charles Dudley Warner. This contri- Michigan avenue from the mouth of ING COMING WHEN OUR NA- ly necessary to mention that in 1841 bution is especially valuable in view the river, the centre of the town, is TIONAL TASTE IS BEGINNING TO there were enrolled in the public 6 / 8 pt ▶▶ of the fact that Chicago at the time macadamized. It and the other av- BE INDIVIDUAL, it has escaped it was written had not yet reached schools a total of 410 pupils, with enues immediately connected with the monotony and mediocri- the million mark: “Chicago is be- but five teachers in all branches. In the park system are not included in ty in which New York for so ma- coming modest. Perhaps the in- 1911 there were 304,146 pupils en- the city street department, but are ny years put its money, and out habitants may still be able to con- under the care of the Commission- rolled, with 6,584 teachers. The ap- ceal their modesty, but neverthe- of the sameness of which it is es- ers of Parks. No traffic is permitted caping in spots. Having also plen- propriation made for the year 1912 less they feel it. The explanation is on them, and consequently they are simple. The city has grown not on- ty of room, Chicago has been able was $17,146,575.00, which means in superb condition for driving, sum- ly beyond the most sanguine expec- to avoid the block system in its res- that it cost the city about $56.34 mer and winter. The whole length of tations of those who indulged in the idences, and to give play to variety for each child’s training for that pe- Michigan avenue you will never see most inflated hope of its future, but and creative genius. It is impossi- riod. This does not include approxi- a loaded team. These roads, that it has grown beyond what they said ble to do much with the interior of mately about 75,000 pupils in paro- they expected. This gives the citi- is Michigan avenue and the oth- ers of the park system, and the park a house in a block, however much chial schools. zens pause as it might an eagle that you may load the front with orna- There is no question but that the laid a roc’s egg.” drives, are superb for driving or rid- ing, perfectly made for drainage ment. Confined to a long parallel- public schools of Chicago stand pre- “The fact is, Chicago has become ogram, and limited as to light and an independent organism, growing and permanency, with a top-dress- eminent among the best of any mu- air, neither comfort nor individual by a combination of forces and op- ing of pulverized granite. The cost of nicipality in the country, and ev- portunities beyond the contrivance Michigan avenue drive was two hun- taste can be consulted or satisfied. ery effort is made to make them as Chicago is a city of detached hous- of any combination of men to help dred thousand dollars a mile. The much more effective as possible.

◀ 7 / 9 pt The first line of cars was on State street, In the early days of Chicago this was un- Robert Fergus, perhaps the most thor- between Randolph and Twelfth streets, doubtedly the case. It is said that the good ough of practical printers, arrived in Chica- 7 / 9.5 pt and these commenced operations April die young, but of the printer it might be go on July 1, 1839. He was born in the Gal- 7 / 10 pt ▶ 25th, 1859. The Madison street line was remarked “Good printers die poor,” There lowgate of Glasgow, Scotland, August 14, opened May 20th, 1859, and extend- may be exceptions, but such as there are 1815. At the age of 15 he was apprenticed ed from Halsted to State street. The Ran- only prove the rule. to the printing business, and as a regular dolph street line opened July 15th, 1859. All who think along these lines must ad- indenture in those days meant a practical On the North Side the Wells street line mit that printing has had much to do with extended from the river to Chicago ave- grounding in the knowledge of the art, up- the advancement of our city’s greatness, nue, and was opened in the spring of 1859 on its completion and his setting forth as a the lifting of it into the prominent place ; the Clark street line was opened in Au- journeyman he possessed a knowledge of it now occupies as well as demonstrating gust, 1859. The cars on all these roads his business such as qualified him to earn to the whole world its marvelous history a were small and some of them were known a livelihood in any part of the world. He city without a peer. as “bob-tailed cars.” They were all drawn was married to Margaret Whitehead Scott, by horses. The driver stood on the front WITHOUT PRINTING THERE COULD February, 1836. Mr. Fergus was close- platform in all conditions of weather and BE NO PROGRESS, AS WE UNDERSTAND ly identified with the early history of Chi- drove his spirited team at the break-neck IT TODAY, OR IT WOULD BY COMPARI- speed of nearly four miles an hour, while SON BE ONLY OF A LIMITED ORDER, AND cago in the printing world, and was an ac- the passenger sat inside, and if it was win- GREAT CENTERS SUCH AS WE HAVE NOW knowledged authority on all things per- tertime almost froze. Oh! those cars. What WOULD BE QUITE IMPOSSIBLE. TAKE taining to its early records. All his life he misery they represented in the winter sea- PRINTING AWAY FROM OUR PRESENT- was identified with printing and publishing.

◀ 8 / 10 pt The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in history-making, “Long John” was certainly one of the Chicago was the Directory of 1844. It was placed upon 8 / 11 pt ▶ conspicuous citizens of Chicago, and, unlike nearly all of the market in the year 1843. This Directory was compiled the promoters of newspapers of his day, he retired from by J. Wellington Norris, and printed by Ellis & Fergus, the journalistic field with a competency, his real estate from the Saloon Building, South Water and Clark streets. investments making him a rich man and his natural Yan- The second Directory, prepared similarly to the first, kee shrewdness gave him an opportunity which he was was also compiled by Norris. It was printed by James Campbell & Co., Commercial Building, 65 Lake street. A not slow to turn to advantage. ludicrous incident is connected with the compilation and James J. Langdon was foreman of the Journal of- printing of this work. The first of Campbell & Co. came to fice in 1848. He later went into business with Sterling P. a premature dissolution while the Directory was in pro- Rounds and aided in establishing THE PRINTERS’ CABI- cess of gestation. Mr. Campbell, who was a man of quick NET. Mr. Rounds’ entire capital was $5.00. Mr. Langdon temper, becoming incensed at Mr. Norris (the Co.) forc- shortly thereafter retired to Prairie du Chien, Wis., and ibly ejected him from the ofce and threatened to kick embarked in the horse business, but finding that his an- him if he looked back. Some gentlemen, subsequent- imals cost him more than he could make out of them he ly discussing the contention with Mr. Norris, asked him returned to Chicago and again formed a partnership with if he emulated the example of Lot’s wife. Norris replied, Mr. Rounds. In December, 1856, there was but one other “No, I didn’t look back.” This unseemly dispute severed the copartnership, as in point of fact any copartnership journal in the United States that was devoted exclusively

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◀ 9 / 12 pt No story of Chicago would be complete without a The following is an extract from The Chicago Tri-

9 / 13 pt ▶ short account of the great fire of 1871, and nothing bune of Sunday, October 8, the last issue before can prove more interesting than the statements the office was destroyed. It is said to be one of the of eye witnesses of that scene, and by these ac- best descriptions of the scene now accessible: counts and what history has proved, it stands to- “Only a few minutes elapsed after the striking day as one of the most appalling visitations which of the alarm before the flames were seen sweep- the world had ever experienced. There were sev- ing to the sky, and the lurid light that illuminated enty-three miles of streets burned and the to- the horizon grew more and more powerful, casting tal loss of property could not have been less than $200,000,000.00. The Custom House, the Court its brilliant rays in every direction, bringing out in House, the Postoffice, the Chamber of Com- bold relief the fronts of the buildings which faced it merce and the great business blocks, the banks, from all quarters. The wind, seeming to rise as the the theaters and the newspaper ofces, all went flames did, set from the Southwest, carrying with down together in the awful conflagration. We can it in its onward rush streams of sparks, cinders and form some conception of the extent of the build- partially burned pieces of wood, which covered the ings and property destroyed by the space burned sky with dazzling spangles, sweeping northwest- over which, on the West Side, embraced one hun- ward like a flight of meteors, but falling steadily dred and twenty-four acres; South Side, four hun- in a fiery shower of rain, over that broad area em- dred and sixty acres; North Side, one thousand braced between the river, the South Branch, Wells four hundred and seventy acres; making a total ar- street and Jackson street; the lighter ones going ea of two thousand one hundred and twenty-four far over on the North Division, while the heavier acres, or nearly three and a half square miles, being about four miles in length and from one to one and and more dangerous ones fell before they reached a half in width. The number of buildings destroyed that point. They dropped with great force to the

◀ 10 / 14 pt The dominance of railroads over the afairs of The study of Chicago street names is an in- 10 / 15 pt ▶ mankind will mean the most rapid growth for teresting pursuit, and it brings to light many Chicago, the greatest center of railroads. The a bit of forgotten history. The first survey of railroads of the United States have a high- Chicago was made in 1830 by James Thomp- er standard than those abroad. This is a com- son, and embraced an area of about three- mercial age. America is the greatest commer- eighths of a square mile. Besides the garri- cial and industrial nation. It is rapidly becom- son at Fort Dearborn, the population did not ing the financial center of the world. The time exceed 100. Three of the boundary streets of will come when it will also hold the suprem- the village were named after the most promi- acy in the arts and the sciences that it now does in commerce. All these things will help nent men of the day, the survey showing that to bring Chicago to the front as the world me- Washington street was the south boundary, tropolis.” The growth of population in Chicago Jefferson street the west, Kinzie street the is shown as follows : north and Dearborn street the east. Dear- CensusPopulation Change born street was named after the fort, which 1840 4,470 — in turn was named in honor of General Hen- 1850 29,963 570.3% ry Dearborn, Secretary of War; Kinzie street 1860 112,172 274.4% took its name from John Kinzie, the early 1870 298,977 166.5% white settler, while the others were named af- 1880 503,185 68.3% ter George Washington and Thomas Jeffer- 1890 1,099,850 118.6% son. Northward from Washington street came The present area of the city is 204 square Randolph, named after John Randolph of Ro- miles. This is divided into thirty-five wards. anoke; Lake, after Lake Michigan; Fulton, The Twenty-seventh ward, the largest in

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120 Augusta

82 Leamington

62 Belmont Cragin

48 Palmer House Hotel

40 Sea And Cake The Fawn

32 Site of the Haymarket Tragedy

24 Price Current and Manufacturers Record

18 Pelican The Fire In Our Throats Will Beckon The Thaw

12 The Best ‘Anti-Brunch’ Breakfast Spots in Chicago, Where You Can Eat All Week

10 Ghouls, Gargoyles & Ghost Signs: Historic and Haunted Scavenger Hunts / We Pay Cash For Cars

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120 HAMLIN

82 CLYBOURN

62 INVESTIGATOR

48 NORTH LAWNDALE

40 CONSTRUCTION NEWS

32 INDEPENDENT ASSOCIATION

24 JERRY BUTLER THE ICE MAN COMETH

18 PROGRESSIVE THINKER / ELECTROTYPE JOURNAL

12 NORTHWESTERN EDUCATOR AND MAGAZINE OF LITERATURE AND SCIENCE

10 CITY COULD HIT 92 DEGREES AGAIN THURSDAY, AND MORE HOT WEATHER IS ON THE WAY

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◀◀ 6 / 7 pt Under the title of “Studies of the This leads me to speak of another ARCHITECTURALLY CHICAGO IS To show the wonderful manner in Great West” there appeared an arti- feature of Chicago, which has no ri- MORE INTERESTING THAN MANY which the schools of Chicago have ◀ 6 / 7.25 pt cle in Harper’s New Monthly Maga- val in this country; I mean the facility OLDER CITIES. ITS WEALTH AND increased to keep pace with its ev- zine in May, 1888, by the late Charles for pleasure driving and riding. Mich- OPPORTUNITY FOR FINE BUILD- er-increasing population, it is on- 6 / 7.5 pt ▶ Dudley Warner. This contribution is igan avenue from the mouth of the ING COMING WHEN OUR NATION- ly necessary to mention that in especially valuable in view of the fact river, the centre of the town, is mac- AL TASTE IS BEGINNING TO BE IN- 1841 there were enrolled in the pub- 6 / 8 pt ▶▶ that Chicago at the time it was writ- adamized. It and the other avenues DIVIDUAL, it has escaped the mo- ten had not yet reached the million lic schools a total of 410 pupils, with immediately connected with the park notony and mediocrity in which mark: “Chicago is becoming mod- but five teachers in all branches. In system are not included in the city New York for so many years put est. Perhaps the inhabitants may still 1911 there were 304,146 pupils en- street department, but are under the its money, and out of the sameness be able to conceal their modesty, but care of the Commissioners of Parks. rolled, with 6,584 teachers. The ap- nevertheless they feel it. The expla- of which it is escaping in spots. No traffic is permitted on them, and Having also plenty of room, Chica- propriation made for the year 1912 nation is simple. The city has grown consequently they are in superb con- not only beyond the most sanguine go has been able to avoid the block was $17,146,575.00, which means dition for driving, summer and win- expectations of those who indulged system in its residences, and to give that it cost the city about $56.34 ter. The whole length of Michigan in the most inflated hope of its fu- play to variety and creative genius. It for each child’s training for that pe- avenue you will never see a load- ture, but it has grown beyond what is impossible to do much with the in- riod. This does not include approxi- ed team. These roads, that is Mich- they said they expected. This gives terior of a house in a block, howev- mately about 75,000 pupils in paro- the citizens pause as it might an ea- igan avenue and the others of the park system, and the park drives, are er much you may load the front with chial schools. gle that laid a roc’s egg.” ornament. Confined to a long paral- There is no question but that the “The fact is, Chicago has become superb for driving or riding, perfect- ly made for drainage and permanen- lelogram, and limited as to light and public schools of Chicago stand pre- an independent organism, growing air, neither comfort nor individu- by a combination of forces and op- cy, with a top-dressing of pulverized eminent among the best of any mu- al taste can be consulted or satisfied. portunities beyond the contrivance granite. The cost of Michigan avenue nicipality in the country, and ev- of any combination of men to help drive was two hundred thousand dol- Chicago is a city of detached hous- ery effort is made to make them as es, in the humbler quarters as well or hinder, beyond the need of flam- lars a mile. The cost of the parks and much more effective as possible. This

◀ 7 / 9 pt The first line of cars was on State street, In the early days of Chicago this was un- Robert Fergus, perhaps the most thor- between Randolph and Twelfth streets, and doubtedly the case. It is said that the good ough of practical printers, arrived in Chica- 7 / 9.5 pt these commenced operations April 25th, die young, but of the printer it might be re- go on July 1, 1839. He was born in the Gal- 7 / 10 pt ▶ 1859. The Madison street line was opened marked “Good printers die poor,” There lowgate of Glasgow, Scotland, August 14, May 20th, 1859, and extended from Halst- may be exceptions, but such as there are 1815. At the age of 15 he was apprenticed ed to State street. The Randolph street line only prove the rule. to the printing business, and as a regular opened July 15th, 1859. On the North Side All who think along these lines must ad- indenture in those days meant a practical the Wells street line extended from the riv- mit that printing has had much to do with er to Chicago avenue, and was opened in grounding in the knowledge of the art, up- the advancement of our city’s greatness, the spring of 1859 ; the Clark street line on its completion and his setting forth as a the lifting of it into the prominent place it was opened in August, 1859. The cars on all journeyman he possessed a knowledge of now occupies as well as demonstrating to these roads were small and some of them his business such as qualified him to earn a the whole world its marvelous history a city were known as “bob-tailed cars.” They were livelihood in any part of the world. He was without a peer. all drawn by horses. The driver stood on the married to Margaret Whitehead Scott, Feb- front platform in all conditions of weath- WITHOUT PRINTING THERE COULD ruary, 1836. Mr. Fergus was closely identi- er and drove his spirited team at the break- BE NO PROGRESS, AS WE UNDERSTAND fied with the early history of Chicago in the neck speed of nearly four miles an hour, IT TODAY, OR IT WOULD BY COMPARI- while the passenger sat inside, and if it was SON BE ONLY OF A LIMITED ORDER, AND printing world, and was an acknowledged wintertime almost froze. Oh! those cars. GREAT CENTERS SUCH AS WE HAVE NOW authority on all things pertaining to its ear- What misery they represented in the winter WOULD BE QUITE IMPOSSIBLE. TAKE ly records. All his life he was identified with season! How the passengers were huddled PRINTING AWAY FROM OUR PRESENT- printing and publishing. The first book com-

◀ 8 / 10 pt The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chi- history-making, “Long John” was certainly one of the con- cago was the Directory of 1844. It was placed upon the 8 / 11 pt ▶ spicuous citizens of Chicago, and, unlike nearly all of the market in the year 1843. This Directory was compiled by J. promoters of newspapers of his day, he retired from the Wellington Norris, and printed by Ellis & Fergus, from the journalistic field with a competency, his real estate in- Saloon Building, South Water and Clark streets. vestments making him a rich man and his natural Yan- The second Directory, prepared similarly to the first, kee shrewdness gave him an opportunity which he was not was also compiled by Norris. It was printed by James Campbell & Co., Commercial Building, 65 Lake street. A lu- slow to turn to advantage. dicrous incident is connected with the compilation and James J. Langdon was foreman of the Journal of- printing of this work. The first of Campbell & Co. came to fice in 1848. He later went into business with Sterling P. a premature dissolution while the Directory was in pro- Rounds and aided in establishing THE PRINTERS’ CAB- cess of gestation. Mr. Campbell, who was a man of quick INET. Mr. Rounds’ entire capital was $5.00. Mr. Langdon temper, becoming incensed at Mr. Norris (the Co.) forcibly shortly thereafter retired to Prairie du Chien, Wis., and ejected him from the office and threatened to kick him if embarked in the horse business, but finding that his ani- he looked back. Some gentlemen, subsequently discussing mals cost him more than he could make out of them he re- the contention with Mr. Norris, asked him if he emulated turned to Chicago and again formed a partnership with Mr. the example of Lot’s wife. Norris replied, “No, I didn’t look Rounds. In December, 1856, there was but one other jour- back.” This unseemly dispute severed the copartnership, as in point of fact any copartnership between Mr. Norris, a nal in the United States that was devoted exclusively to

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◀ 9 / 12 pt No story of Chicago would be complete without a The following is an extract from The Chicago Tri-

9 / 13 pt ▶ short account of the great fire of 1871, and nothing bune of Sunday, October 8, the last issue before the can prove more interesting than the statements of office was destroyed. It is said to be one of the best eye witnesses of that scene, and by these accounts descriptions of the scene now accessible: and what history has proved, it stands today as one “Only a few minutes elapsed after the striking of of the most appalling visitations which the world the alarm before the flames were seen sweeping to had ever experienced. There were seventy-three the sky, and the lurid light that illuminated the hori- miles of streets burned and the total loss of proper- zon grew more and more powerful, casting its bril- ty could not have been less than $200,000,000.00. The Custom House, the Court House, the Postof- liant rays in every direction, bringing out in bold re- fice, the Chamber of Commerce and the great busi- lief the fronts of the buildings which faced it from ness blocks, the banks, the theaters and the news- all quarters. The wind, seeming to rise as the flames paper offices, all went down together in the awful did, set from the Southwest, carrying with it in its conflagration. We can form some conception of the onward rush streams of sparks, cinders and partially extent of the buildings and property destroyed by burned pieces of wood, which covered the sky with the space burned over which, on the West Side, em- dazzling spangles, sweeping northwestward like a braced one hundred and twenty-four acres; South flight of meteors, but falling steadily in a fiery show- Side, four hundred and sixty acres; North Side, one er of rain, over that broad area embraced between thousand four hundred and seventy acres; mak- the river, the South Branch, Wells street and Jack- ing a total area of two thousand one hundred and son street; the lighter ones going far over on the twenty-four acres, or nearly three and a half square North Division, while the heavier and more danger- miles, being about four miles in length and from one to one and a half in width. The number of buildings ous ones fell before they reached that point. They destroyed was seventeen thousand four hundred dropped with great force to the ground, to the occa-

◀ 10 / 14 pt The dominance of railroads over the affairs The study of Chicago street names is an in- 10 / 15 pt ▶ of mankind will mean the most rapid growth teresting pursuit, and it brings to light ma- for Chicago, the greatest center of railroads. ny a bit of forgotten history. The first survey of The railroads of the United States have a high- Chicago was made in 1830 by James Thomp- er standard than those abroad. This is a com- son, and embraced an area of about three- mercial age. America is the greatest commer- eighths of a square mile. Besides the garrison cial and industrial nation. It is rapidly becom- at Fort Dearborn, the population did not ex- ing the financial center of the world. The time ceed 100. Three of the boundary streets of the will come when it will also hold the suprema- village were named after the most prominent cy in the arts and the sciences that it now does in commerce. All these things will help to bring men of the day, the survey showing that Wash- Chicago to the front as the world metropolis.” ington street was the south boundary, Jeffer- The growth of population in Chicago is shown son street the west, Kinzie street the north and as follows : Dearborn street the east. Dearborn street was Census Population Change named after the fort, which in turn was named 1840 4,470 — in honor of General Henry Dearborn, Secretary 1850 29,963 570.3% of War; Kinzie street took its name from John 1860 112,172 274.4% Kinzie, the early white settler, while the oth- 1870 298,977 166.5% ers were named after George Washington and 1880 503,185 68.3% Thomas Jefferson. Northward from Washing- 1890 1,099,850 118.6% ton street came Randolph, named after John The present area of the city is 204 square Randolph of Roanoke; Lake, after Lake Michi- miles. This is divided into thirty-five wards. The gan; Fulton, named after Robert Fulton, whose Twenty-seventh ward, the largest in the city,

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120 Olympia

82 Sacramento

62 George Pullman

48 Griesedieck Western

40 Svengoolie Tape Wanted

32 Engine Company 104, Truck 31

24 Real Estate News and Insurance Monitor

18 Entry Level Spanish Speaking Office Assistant Wanted

12 Proud of Your Bungalow? Nominate it for Annual Restoration/Renovation Award

10 Thieves Drive Into Front Glass of Wicker Park Stroller Shop, Steal Merch in Crash-&-Grab Burglary

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120 BOWEN

82 CHALMERS

62 MEISTER BRAU

48 FURNITURE TRADE

40 INLAND STOREKEEPER

32 JOHN WELLBORN ROOT, JR.

24 AMERICAN CARPENTER AND BUILDER

18 AMERICAN SWINEHERD / BEN FRANKLIN MONTHLY

12 WESTERN BREWER AND JOURNAL OF THE BARLEY, HOP, AND MALT TRADES

10 THIS BREATHTAKING VIDEO OF THE NORTHERN LIGHTS WAS SHOT BY CHICAGO-AREA MAN

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◀◀ 6 / 7 pt Under the title of “Studies of the Great This leads me to speak of another feature of ARCHITECTURALLY CHICAGO IS MORE IN- To show the wonderful manner in which the West” there appeared an article in Harp- Chicago, which has no rival in this country; I TERESTING THAN MANY OLDER CITIES. schools of Chicago have increased to keep ◀ 6 / 7.25 pt er’s New Monthly Magazine in May, 1888, by mean the facility for pleasure driving and rid- ITS WEALTH AND OPPORTUNITY FOR FINE pace with its ever-increasing population, it the late Charles Dudley Warner. This contri- ing. Michigan avenue from the mouth of the BUILDING COMING WHEN OUR NATION- is only necessary to mention that in 1841 6 / 7.5 pt ▶ bution is especially valuable in view of the river, the centre of the town, is macadamized. AL TASTE IS BEGINNING TO BE INDIVIDUAL, there were enrolled in the public schools a fact that Chicago at the time it was written It and the other avenues immediately con- it has escaped the monotony and medioc- total of 410 pupils, with but five teachers in 6 / 8 pt ▶▶ had not yet reached the million mark: “Chica- nected with the park system are not includ- rity in which New York for so many years go is becoming modest. Perhaps the inhab- all branches. In 1911 there were 304,146 pu- ed in the city street department, but are un- put its money, and out of the sameness itants may still be able to conceal their mod- pils enrolled, with 6,584 teachers. The ap- der the care of the Commissioners of Parks. of which it is escaping in spots. Having al- esty, but nevertheless they feel it. The expla- propriation made for the year 1912 was No traffic is permitted on them, and conse- so plenty of room, Chicago has been able to nation is simple. The city has grown not on- quently they are in superb condition for driv- $17,146,575.00, which means that it cost ly beyond the most sanguine expectations avoid the block system in its residences, and ing, summer and winter. The whole length of to give play to variety and creative genius. It the city about $56.34 for each child’s train- of those who indulged in the most inflat- Michigan avenue you will never see a loaded ed hope of its future, but it has grown be- is impossible to do much with the interior of ing for that period. This does not include ap- team. These roads, that is Michigan avenue yond what they said they expected. This gives a house in a block, however much you may proximately about 75,000 pupils in paro- and the others of the park system, and the the citizens pause as it might an eagle that load the front with ornament. Confined to a chial schools. park drives, are superb for driving or riding, laid a roc’s egg.” long parallelogram, and limited as to light and There is no question but that the pub- perfectly made for drainage and permanen- “The fact is, Chicago has become an inde- air, neither comfort nor individual taste can lic schools of Chicago stand pre-eminent pendent organism, growing by a combination cy, with a top-dressing of pulverized granite. The cost of Michigan avenue drive was two be consulted or satisfied. Chicago is a city of among the best of any municipality in the of forces and opportunities beyond the con- detached houses, in the humbler quarters as country, and every effort is made to make trivance of any combination of men to help hundred thousand dollars a mile. The cost of the parks and boulevards in each of the three well as in the magnificent avenues, and the them as much more effective as possible. or hinder, beyond the need of flaming circu- effect is home-like and beautiful at the same lars and reports of boards of trade and pro- divisions is met by a tax on the property in This city can also boast of the University of time. There is great variety, stone, brick, and cess pictures. It has passed the danger or the that division. The tax is considerable, but the Chicago, one of the most richly endowed in- fear of rivalry, and reached the point where wise liberality of the citizens has done for the wood intermingled, plain and ornamental; stitutions of learning in America, with an en- but drive where you will in the favorite resi- the growth of any other portion of the great town what only royalty usually accomplishes rollment of 6,466 students and 330 instruc-

◀ 7 / 9 pt The first line of cars was on State street, between In the early days of Chicago this was undoubtedly Robert Fergus, perhaps the most thorough of prac- Randolph and Twelfth streets, and these commenced the case. It is said that the good die young, but of the tical printers, arrived in Chicago on July 1, 1839. He 7 / 9.5 pt operations April 25th, 1859. The Madison street line printer it might be remarked “Good printers die poor,” was born in the Gallowgate of Glasgow, Scotland, Au- 7 / 10 pt ▶ was opened May 20th, 1859, and extended from There may be exceptions, but such as there are on- gust 14, 1815. At the age of 15 he was apprenticed to Halsted to State street. The Randolph street line ly prove the rule. the printing business, and as a regular indenture in opened July 15th, 1859. On the North Side the Wells All who think along these lines must admit that those days meant a practical grounding in the knowl- street line extended from the river to Chicago ave- printing has had much to do with the advancement edge of the art, upon its completion and his setting nue, and was opened in the spring of 1859 ; the Clark of our city’s greatness, the lifting of it into the prom- street line was opened in August, 1859. The cars on forth as a journeyman he possessed a knowledge of inent place it now occupies as well as demonstrating all these roads were small and some of them were his business such as qualified him to earn a livelihood to the whole world its marvelous history a city with- known as “bob-tailed cars.” They were all drawn by in any part of the world. He was married to Marga- out a peer. horses. The driver stood on the front platform in all ret Whitehead Scott, February, 1836. Mr. Fergus was WITHOUT PRINTING THERE COULD BE NO conditions of weather and drove his spirited team at closely identified with the early history of Chicago PROGRESS, AS WE UNDERSTAND IT TODAY, OR IT the break-neck speed of nearly four miles an hour, in the printing world, and was an acknowledged au- while the passenger sat inside, and if it was winter- WOULD BY COMPARISON BE ONLY OF A LIMITED thority on all things pertaining to its early records. All time almost froze. Oh! those cars. What misery they ORDER, AND GREAT CENTERS SUCH AS WE HAVE his life he was identified with printing and publishing. represented in the winter season! How the passen- NOW WOULD BE QUITE IMPOSSIBLE. TAKE PRINT- gers were huddled together a shivering mass of hu- ING AWAY FROM OUR PRESENTDAY MODE OF DO- The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in manity with their feet in danger of being frozen, and ING BUSINESS, SHUT UP OUR LIBRARIES AND Chicago was the Directory of 1844, which was placed that too in spite of the straw so generously supplied OBLITERATE BOOKS, AND IMMEDIATELY WE SINK upon the market in the year 1843. This directory was by the companies for the benefit of their patrons, INTO A DEPTH OF DARKNESS THAT WOULD AP- printed by Ellis & Fergus. It is said that the earlier di-

◀ 8 / 10 pt The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chicago was the history-making, “Long John” was certainly one of the conspicuous cit- Directory of 1844. It was placed upon the market in the year 1843. 8 / 11 pt ▶ izens of Chicago, and, unlike nearly all of the promoters of newspapers This Directory was compiled by J. Wellington Norris, and printed by Ellis of his day, he retired from the journalistic field with a competency, his & Fergus, from the Saloon Building, South Water and Clark streets. real estate investments making him a rich man and his natural Yan- The second Directory, prepared similarly to the first, was also com- kee shrewdness gave him an opportunity which he was not slow to turn piled by Norris. It was printed by James Campbell & Co., Commer- to advantage. cial Building, 65 Lake street. A ludicrous incident is connected with the compilation and printing of this work. The first of Campbell & Co. came James J. Langdon was foreman of the Journal office in 1848. He to a premature dissolution while the Directory was in process of gesta- later went into business with Sterling P. Rounds and aided in establish- tion. Mr. Campbell, who was a man of quick temper, becoming incensed ing THE PRINTERS’ CABINET. Mr. Rounds’ entire capital was $5.00. Mr. at Mr. Norris (the Co.) forcibly ejected him from the office and threat- Langdon shortly thereafter retired to Prairie du Chien, Wis., and em- ened to kick him if he looked back. Some gentlemen, subsequently dis- barked in the horse business, but finding that his animals cost him cussing the contention with Mr. Norris, asked him if he emulated the more than he could make out of them he returned to Chicago and example of Lot’s wife. Norris replied, “No, I didn’t look back.” This un- again formed a partnership with Mr. Rounds. In December, 1856, there seemly dispute severed the copartnership, as in point of fact any co- was but one other journal in the United States that was devoted exclu- partnership between Mr. Norris, a gentleman “as meek as Moses,” and sively to the interest of the art preservative The Typographical Advertis- Campbell, as fiery as a Scotch Highlander, was sure to come sooner or er. Rounds’ Cabinet was the first of that character in the Northwest, the later to an abrupt termination. A notice in the Chicago Journal of April 16, 1845, dated April 15, 1845, announced the dissolution of the firm of second in its date of issue, and the first monthly typographical journal

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◀ 9 / 12 pt No story of Chicago would be complete without a short ac- The following is an extract from The Chicago Tribune of Sun-

9 / 13 pt ▶ count of the great fire of 1871, and nothing can prove more in- day, October 8, the last issue before the office was destroyed. It teresting than the statements of eye witnesses of that scene, is said to be one of the best descriptions of the scene now ac- and by these accounts and what history has proved, it stands cessible: today as one of the most appalling visitations which the world “Only a few minutes elapsed after the striking of the alarm had ever experienced. There were seventy-three miles of streets before the flames were seen sweeping to the sky, and the lu- burned and the total loss of property could not have been less rid light that illuminated the horizon grew more and more pow- than $200,000,000.00. The Custom House, the Court House, erful, casting its brilliant rays in every direction, bringing out the Postoffice, the Chamber of Commerce and the great busi- ness blocks, the banks, the theaters and the newspaper offices, in bold relief the fronts of the buildings which faced it from all all went down together in the awful conflagration. We can form quarters. The wind, seeming to rise as the flames did, set from some conception of the extent of the buildings and proper- the Southwest, carrying with it in its onward rush streams of ty destroyed by the space burned over which, on the West Side, sparks, cinders and partially burned pieces of wood, which embraced one hundred and twenty-four acres; South Side, four covered the sky with dazzling spangles, sweeping northwest- hundred and sixty acres; North Side, one thousand four hun- ward like a flight of meteors, but falling steadily in a fiery show- dred and seventy acres; making a total area of two thousand er of rain, over that broad area embraced between the river, one hundred and twenty-four acres, or nearly three and a half the South Branch, Wells street and Jackson street; the light- square miles, being about four miles in length and from one to er ones going far over on the North Division, while the heavi- one and a half in width. The number of buildings destroyed was er and more dangerous ones fell before they reached that point. seventeen thousand four hundred and fifty, and nearly one hun- They dropped with great force to the ground, to the occasional dred thousand persons were left homeless. danger of the foot passenger and the frightening of horses, and The conflagration of 1871 wiped out the old Chicago that had been built prior to that time, and from its ashes arose a city showered upon roofs of buildings, inspiring constant fear that of such proportions and such grandeur as the world previously other conflagrations would break out, and that a terribly broad

◀ 10 / 14 pt The dominance of railroads over the affairs of mankind The study of Chicago street names is an interesting pur- 10 / 15 pt ▶ will mean the most rapid growth for Chicago, the great- suit, and it brings to light many a bit of forgotten history. est center of railroads. The railroads of the United States The first survey of Chicago was made in 1830 by James have a higher standard than those abroad. This is a com- Thompson, and embraced an area of about three-eighths mercial age. America is the greatest commercial and in- of a square mile. Besides the garrison at Fort Dearborn, dustrial nation. It is rapidly becoming the financial center the population did not exceed 100. Three of the boundary of the world. The time will come when it will also hold the streets of the village were named after the most promi- supremacy in the arts and the sciences that it now does nent men of the day, the survey showing that Washing- in commerce. All these things will help to bring Chicago ton street was the south boundary, Jefferson street the to the front as the world metropolis.” The growth of pop- ulation in Chicago is shown as follows : west, Kinzie street the north and Dearborn street the Census Population Change east. Dearborn street was named after the fort, which 1840 4,470 — in turn was named in honor of General Henry Dear- 1850 29,963 570.3% born, Secretary of War; Kinzie street took its name from 1860 112,172 274.4% John Kinzie, the early white settler, while the others were 1870 298,977 166.5% named after George Washington and Thomas Jeffer- 1880 503,185 68.3% son. Northward from Washington street came Randolph, 1890 1,099,850 118.6% named after John Randolph of Roanoke; Lake, after Lake The present area of the city is 204 square miles. This is Michigan; Fulton, named after Robert Fulton, whose divided into thirty-five wards. The Twenty-seventh ward, steamboat, the Claremont, had made its first trip on the the largest in the city, increased in population for the de- Hudson between New York and Albany just twenty-three cade ending in 1910, 156 per cent. It now has 113,336 years before Chicago was mapped out; Carroll street, af- residents and may be taken as an indication of the city’s ter Charles Carroll of Carrollton, and then Kinzie street. possibilities.

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120 Madison

82 Architecture

62 George Streeter

48 DuSable High School

40 Liz Phair: Exile In Guyville

32 Engine Company 129, Truck 50

24 Chicago & Illinois Western Railway Bridge

18 8 New Under-the-Radar Restaurant Recommendations

12 Pick Chicago’s Best Veggie-Burger in the Final Round of our 2018 Burger Bracket

10 Two cast members and writers who cut their teeth at local comedy clubs are heading to New York

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120 DAHEIM

82 CUTCHEON

62 LINCOLN PARK

48 RAILWAY JOURNAL

40 MASONIC CHRONICLER

32 SATURDAY EVENING REVIEW

24 ACCOUNT SERVICES REPRESENTATIVE

18 GEM OF THE PRAIRIE / ELECTRIC TRACTION WEEK

12 FLORSHEIM SHOE CO. / UNITED BISCUIT CO. OF AMERICA / ACME STEEL CO.

10 THESE CITY-EMPLOYED GOATS EAT THEIR WAY THROUGH OVERGROWTH IN O’HARE FIELDS

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◀◀ 6 / 7 pt Under the title of “Studies of the This leads me to speak of another fea- ARCHITECTURALLY CHICAGO IS To show the wonderful manner in Great West” there appeared an article ture of Chicago, which has no rival MORE INTERESTING THAN MANY which the schools of Chicago have in- ◀ 6 / 7.25 pt in Harper’s New Monthly Magazine in in this country; I mean the facility for OLDER CITIES. ITS WEALTH AND creased to keep pace with its ever-in- May, 1888, by the late Charles Dudley pleasure driving and riding. Michigan OPPORTUNITY FOR FINE BUILD- creasing population, it is only nec- 6 / 7.5 pt ▶ Warner. This contribution is especially avenue from the mouth of the river, ING COMING WHEN OUR NATION- essary to mention that in 1841 there valuable in view of the fact that Chica- the centre of the town, is macadam- AL TASTE IS BEGINNING TO BE IN- were enrolled in the public schools a 6 / 8 pt ▶▶ go at the time it was written had not ized. It and the other avenues imme- DIVIDUAL, it has escaped the mo- yet reached the million mark: “Chica- total of 410 pupils, with but five teach- diately connected with the park sys- notony and mediocrity in which go is becoming modest. Perhaps the ers in all branches. In 1911 there were tem are not included in the city street New York for so many years put its inhabitants may still be able to con- 304,146 pupils enrolled, with 6,584 department, but are under the care of money, and out of the sameness of ceal their modesty, but nevertheless the Commissioners of Parks. No traf- teachers. The appropriation made they feel it. The explanation is simple. which it is escaping in spots. Having fic is permitted on them, and conse- also plenty of room, Chicago has been for the year 1912 was $17,146,575.00, The city has grown not only beyond quently they are in superb condition the most sanguine expectations of able to avoid the block system in its which means that it cost the city for driving, summer and winter. The those who indulged in the most inflat- residences, and to give play to variety about $56.34 for each child’s training whole length of Michigan avenue you ed hope of its future, but it has grown and creative genius. It is impossible to for that period. This does not include will never see a loaded team. These beyond what they said they expect- do much with the interior of a house approximately about 75,000 pupils in roads, that is Michigan avenue and ed. This gives the citizens pause as it in a block, however much you may parochial schools. might an eagle that laid a roc’s egg.” the others of the park system, and the park drives, are superb for driving load the front with ornament. Con- There is no question but that the “The fact is, Chicago has become fined to a long parallelogram, and lim- public schools of Chicago stand pre- an independent organism, growing by or riding, perfectly made for drainage and permanency, with a top-dress- ited as to light and air, neither comfort eminent among the best of any mu- a combination of forces and opportu- nor individual taste can be consult- nities beyond the contrivance of any ing of pulverized granite. The cost of nicipality in the country, and ev- ed or satisfied. Chicago is a city of de- combination of men to help or hin- Michigan avenue drive was two hun- ery effort is made to make them as der, beyond the need of flaming cir- dred thousand dollars a mile. The cost tached houses, in the humbler quar- much more effective as possible. This ters as well as in the magnificent ave- culars and reports of boards of trade of the parks and boulevards in each of city can also boast of the Universi-

◀ 7 / 9 pt The first line of cars was on State street, be- In the early days of Chicago this was un- Robert Fergus, perhaps the most thorough tween Randolph and Twelfth streets, and doubtedly the case. It is said that the good of practical printers, arrived in Chicago on 7 / 9.5 pt these commenced operations April 25th, die young, but of the printer it might be re- July 1, 1839. He was born in the Gallowgate 7 / 10 pt ▶ 1859. The Madison street line was opened marked “Good printers die poor,” There may of Glasgow, Scotland, August 14, 1815. At the May 20th, 1859, and extended from Halst- be exceptions, but such as there are only age of 15 he was apprenticed to the print- ed to State street. The Randolph street line prove the rule. ing business, and as a regular indenture in opened July 15th, 1859. On the North Side All who think along these lines must ad- those days meant a practical grounding in the Wells street line extended from the riv- mit that printing has had much to do with er to Chicago avenue, and was opened in the knowledge of the art, upon its comple- the advancement of our city’s greatness, the the spring of 1859 ; the Clark street line tion and his setting forth as a journeyman he lifting of it into the prominent place it now was opened in August, 1859. The cars on all possessed a knowledge of his business such occupies as well as demonstrating to the these roads were small and some of them as qualified him to earn a livelihood in any whole world its marvelous history a city with- were known as “bob-tailed cars.” They were part of the world. He was married to Marga- out a peer. all drawn by horses. The driver stood on the ret Whitehead Scott, February, 1836. Mr. Fer- front platform in all conditions of weather WITHOUT PRINTING THERE COULD gus was closely identified with the early his- and drove his spirited team at the break-neck BE NO PROGRESS, AS WE UNDERSTAND tory of Chicago in the printing world, and speed of nearly four miles an hour, while the IT TODAY, OR IT WOULD BY COMPARI- passenger sat inside, and if it was winter- SON BE ONLY OF A LIMITED ORDER, AND was an acknowledged authority on all things time almost froze. Oh! those cars. What mis- GREAT CENTERS SUCH AS WE HAVE NOW pertaining to its early records. All his life he ery they represented in the winter season! WOULD BE QUITE IMPOSSIBLE. TAKE was identified with printing and publishing. How the passengers were huddled togeth- PRINTING AWAY FROM OUR PRESENT- The first book compiled, printed, bound and

◀ 8 / 10 pt The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chica- history-making, “Long John” was certainly one of the con- go was the Directory of 1844. It was placed upon the mar- 8 / 11 pt ▶ spicuous citizens of Chicago, and, unlike nearly all of the pro- ket in the year 1843. This Directory was compiled by J. Wel- moters of newspapers of his day, he retired from the jour- lington Norris, and printed by Ellis & Fergus, from the Saloon nalistic field with a competency, his real estate investments Building, South Water and Clark streets. making him a rich man and his natural Yankee shrewdness The second Directory, prepared similarly to the first, was gave him an opportunity which he was not slow to turn to also compiled by Norris. It was printed by James Campbell & Co., Commercial Building, 65 Lake street. A ludicrous inci- advantage. dent is connected with the compilation and printing of this James J. Langdon was foreman of the Journal office in work. The first of Campbell & Co. came to a premature dis- 1848. He later went into business with Sterling P. Rounds solution while the Directory was in process of gestation. Mr. and aided in establishing THE PRINTERS’ CABINET. Mr. Campbell, who was a man of quick temper, becoming in- Rounds’ entire capital was $5.00. Mr. Langdon shortly there- censed at Mr. Norris (the Co.) forcibly ejected him from the after retired to Prairie du Chien, Wis., and embarked in the office and threatened to kick him if he looked back. Some horse business, but finding that his animals cost him more gentlemen, subsequently discussing the contention with Mr. than he could make out of them he returned to Chicago and Norris, asked him if he emulated the example of Lot’s wife. again formed a partnership with Mr. Rounds. In December, Norris replied, “No, I didn’t look back.” This unseemly dispute 1856, there was but one other journal in the United States severed the copartnership, as in point of fact any copart- nership between Mr. Norris, a gentleman “as meek as Mo- that was devoted exclusively to the interest of the art pre-

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◀ 9 / 12 pt No story of Chicago would be complete without a The following is an extract from The Chicago Tribune

9 / 13 pt ▶ short account of the great fire of 1871, and nothing of Sunday, October 8, the last issue before the office can prove more interesting than the statements of was destroyed. It is said to be one of the best descrip- eye witnesses of that scene, and by these accounts tions of the scene now accessible: and what history has proved, it stands today as one “Only a few minutes elapsed after the striking of of the most appalling visitations which the world had the alarm before the flames were seen sweeping to ever experienced. There were seventy-three miles of the sky, and the lurid light that illuminated the horizon streets burned and the total loss of property could grew more and more powerful, casting its brilliant rays not have been less than $200,000,000.00. The Cus- tom House, the Court House, the Postoffice, the in every direction, bringing out in bold relief the fronts Chamber of Commerce and the great business blocks, of the buildings which faced it from all quarters. The the banks, the theaters and the newspaper offices, all wind, seeming to rise as the flames did, set from the went down together in the awful conflagration. We Southwest, carrying with it in its onward rush streams can form some conception of the extent of the build- of sparks, cinders and partially burned pieces of wood, ings and property destroyed by the space burned over which covered the sky with dazzling spangles, sweep- which, on the West Side, embraced one hundred and ing northwestward like a flight of meteors, but fall- twenty-four acres; South Side, four hundred and six- ing steadily in a fiery shower of rain, over that broad ty acres; North Side, one thousand four hundred and area embraced between the river, the South Branch, seventy acres; making a total area of two thousand Wells street and Jackson street; the lighter ones going one hundred and twenty-four acres, or nearly three far over on the North Division, while the heavier and and a half square miles, being about four miles in more dangerous ones fell before they reached that length and from one to one and a half in width. The number of buildings destroyed was seventeen thou- point. They dropped with great force to the ground, sand four hundred and fifty, and nearly one hundred to the occasional danger of the foot passenger and

◀ 10 / 14 pt The dominance of railroads over the affairs of The study of Chicago street names is an in- 10 / 15 pt ▶ mankind will mean the most rapid growth for teresting pursuit, and it brings to light many a Chicago, the greatest center of railroads. The bit of forgotten history. The first survey of Chi- railroads of the United States have a higher cago was made in 1830 by James Thomp- standard than those abroad. This is a commer- son, and embraced an area of about three- cial age. America is the greatest commercial and eighths of a square mile. Besides the garrison industrial nation. It is rapidly becoming the fi- at Fort Dearborn, the population did not exceed nancial center of the world. The time will come 100. Three of the boundary streets of the vil- when it will also hold the supremacy in the arts lage were named after the most prominent men and the sciences that it now does in commerce. All these things will help to bring Chicago to the of the day, the survey showing that Washington front as the world metropolis.” The growth of street was the south boundary, Jefferson street population in Chicago is shown as follows : the west, Kinzie street the north and Dearborn Census Population Change street the east. Dearborn street was named af- 1840 4,470 — ter the fort, which in turn was named in hon- 1850 29,963 570.3% or of General Henry Dearborn, Secretary of War; 1860 112,172 274.4% Kinzie street took its name from John Kinzie, the 1870 298,977 166.5% early white settler, while the others were named 1880 503,185 68.3% after George Washington and Thomas Jefferson. 1890 1,099,850 118.6% Northward from Washington street came Ran- The present area of the city is 204 square miles. dolph, named after John Randolph of Roanoke; This is divided into thirty-five wards. The Twen- Lake, after Lake Michigan; Fulton, named af- ty-seventh ward, the largest in the city, increased ter Robert Fulton, whose steamboat, the Clare- in population for the decade ending in 1910, 156

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120 Medford

82 Union Ridge

62 Whistle Stop Inn

48 Fullerton State Bank

40 We Buy Vacuum Cleaners

32 Various Artists For A Life Of Sin

24 Sales Receptionist Map Hide This Posting

18 Naperville Job Fair Immediate Interviews & Networking

12 Critical Mass is Still Crazy After all These Years — but is the Bike Ride Still Relevant?

10 A Man, 30, Was Arrested For Defacing The Statue Of Christopher Columbus In Little Italy, Police Say.

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120 MIDWAY

82 STEVENSON

62 SUNSET CHIMES

48 OFFICE APPLIANCES

40 TAILORS INTELLIGENCER

32 DUNTON’S SPIRIT OF THE TURF

24 NORTHERN INDIANA PUBLIC SERVICE CO.

18 UNION AGRICULTURIST AND WESTERN PRAIRIE FARMER

12 UNITED BISCUIT CO. OF AMERICA / LUMBERMENS MUTUAL CASUALTY / GREYHOUND

10 BLOODY MARY FEST KICKS OFF NEWLY REOPENED THEATER ON THE LAKE / CHICAGO BRIDGE & IRON

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◀◀ 6 / 7 pt Under the title of “Studies of the This leads me to speak of another fea- ARCHITECTURALLY CHICAGO IS MORE To show the wonderful manner in Great West” there appeared an arti- ture of Chicago, which has no rival in INTERESTING THAN MANY OLDER CIT- which the schools of Chicago have ◀ 6 / 7.25 pt cle in Harper’s New Monthly Magazine this country; I mean the facility for IES. ITS WEALTH AND OPPORTUNI- increased to keep pace with its ev- in May, 1888, by the late Charles Dud- pleasure driving and riding. Michigan TY FOR FINE BUILDING COMING WHEN er-increasing population, it is on- 6 / 7.5 pt ▶ ley Warner. This contribution is es- avenue from the mouth of the river, OUR NATIONAL TASTE IS BEGINNING ly necessary to mention that in 1841 pecially valuable in view of the fact the centre of the town, is macadam- TO BE INDIVIDUAL, it has escaped the there were enrolled in the public 6 / 8 pt ▶▶ that Chicago at the time it was written ized. It and the other avenues imme- monotony and mediocrity in which had not yet reached the million mark: schools a total of 410 pupils, with but diately connected with the park sys- New York for so many years put its “Chicago is becoming modest. Per- five teachers in all branches. In 1911 tem are not included in the city street money, and out of the sameness of haps the inhabitants may still be able there were 304,146 pupils enrolled, department, but are under the care which it is escaping in spots. Having to conceal their modesty, but never- of the Commissioners of Parks. No with 6,584 teachers. The appropri- theless they feel it. The explanation also plenty of room, Chicago has been traffic is permitted on them, and -con able to avoid the block system in its ation made for the year 1912 was is simple. The city has grown not on- sequently they are in superb condi- ly beyond the most sanguine expec- residences, and to give play to variety $17,146,575.00, which means that it tion for driving, summer and winter. tations of those who indulged in the and creative genius. It is impossible to cost the city about $56.34 for each The whole length of Michigan ave- most inflated hope of its future, but do much with the interior of a house in child’s training for that period. This nue you will never see a loaded team. it has grown beyond what they said a block, however much you may load does not include approximately about These roads, that is Michigan ave- they expected. This gives the citizens the front with ornament. Confined 75,000 pupils in parochial schools. pause as it might an eagle that laid a nue and the others of the park sys- tem, and the park drives, are superb to a long parallelogram, and limit- There is no question but that the roc’s egg.” ed as to light and air, neither comfort public schools of Chicago stand pre- “The fact is, Chicago has become for driving or riding, perfectly made for drainage and permanency, with nor individual taste can be consult- eminent among the best of any munic- an independent organism, growing by ed or satisfied. Chicago is a city of de- a combination of forces and opportu- a top-dressing of pulverized granite. ipality in the country, and every effort tached houses, in the humbler quar- nities beyond the contrivance of any The cost of Michigan avenue drive was is made to make them as much more combination of men to help or hin- two hundred thousand dollars a mile. ters as well as in the magnificent ave- effective as possible. This city can al- nues, and the effect is home-like and der, beyond the need of flaming cir- The cost of the parks and boulevards so boast of the University of Chicago,

◀ 7 / 9 pt The first line of cars was on State street, be- In the early days of Chicago this was un- Robert Fergus, perhaps the most thorough tween Randolph and Twelfth streets, and doubtedly the case. It is said that the good of practical printers, arrived in Chicago on 7 / 9.5 pt these commenced operations April 25th, die young, but of the printer it might be re- July 1, 1839. He was born in the Gallowgate 7 / 10 pt ▶ 1859. The Madison street line was opened marked “Good printers die poor,” There may of Glasgow, Scotland, August 14, 1815. At the May 20th, 1859, and extended from Halst- be exceptions, but such as there are only age of 15 he was apprenticed to the print- ed to State street. The Randolph street line prove the rule. ing business, and as a regular indenture in opened July 15th, 1859. On the North Side All who think along these lines must ad- those days meant a practical grounding in the Wells street line extended from the riv- mit that printing has had much to do with er to Chicago avenue, and was opened in the knowledge of the art, upon its comple- the advancement of our city’s greatness, the spring of 1859 ; the Clark street line tion and his setting forth as a journeyman the lifting of it into the prominent place it was opened in August, 1859. The cars on all he possessed a knowledge of his business now occupies as well as demonstrating to these roads were small and some of them such as qualified him to earn a livelihood in the whole world its marvelous history a city were known as “bob-tailed cars.” They were any part of the world. He was married to Mar- without a peer. all drawn by horses. The driver stood on the garet Whitehead Scott, February, 1836. Mr. front platform in all conditions of weath- WITHOUT PRINTING THERE COULD BE NO Fergus was closely identified with the early er and drove his spirited team at the break- PROGRESS, AS WE UNDERSTAND IT TODAY, history of Chicago in the printing world, and neck speed of nearly four miles an hour, OR IT WOULD BY COMPARISON BE ONLY OF A while the passenger sat inside, and if it was LIMITED ORDER, AND GREAT CENTERS SUCH was an acknowledged authority on all things wintertime almost froze. Oh! those cars. AS WE HAVE NOW WOULD BE QUITE IMPOSSI- pertaining to its early records. All his life What misery they represented in the win- BLE. TAKE PRINTING AWAY FROM OUR PRE- he was identified with printing and publish- ter season! How the passengers were hud- SENTDAY MODE OF DOING BUSINESS, SHUT ing. The first book compiled, printed, bound

◀ 8 / 10 pt The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chica- history-making, “Long John” was certainly one of the con- go was the Directory of 1844. It was placed upon the mar- 8 / 11 pt ▶ spicuous citizens of Chicago, and, unlike nearly all of the ket in the year 1843. This Directory was compiled by J. Wel- promoters of newspapers of his day, he retired from the lington Norris, and printed by Ellis & Fergus, from the Saloon journalistic field with a competency, his real estate in- Building, South Water and Clark streets. vestments making him a rich man and his natural Yankee The second Directory, prepared similarly to the first, was shrewdness gave him an opportunity which he was not slow also compiled by Norris. It was printed by James Campbell & Co., Commercial Building, 65 Lake street. A ludicrous inci- to turn to advantage. dent is connected with the compilation and printing of this James J. Langdon was foreman of the Journal office in work. The first of Campbell & Co. came to a premature dis- 1848. He later went into business with Sterling P. Rounds solution while the Directory was in process of gestation. and aided in establishing THE PRINTERS’ CABINET. Mr. Mr. Campbell, who was a man of quick temper, becoming in- Rounds’ entire capital was $5.00. Mr. Langdon shortly there- censed at Mr. Norris (the Co.) forcibly ejected him from the after retired to Prairie du Chien, Wis., and embarked in the office and threatened to kick him if he looked back. Some horse business, but finding that his animals cost him more gentlemen, subsequently discussing the contention with Mr. than he could make out of them he returned to Chicago and Norris, asked him if he emulated the example of Lot’s wife. again formed a partnership with Mr. Rounds. In December, Norris replied, “No, I didn’t look back.” This unseemly dis- 1856, there was but one other journal in the United States pute severed the copartnership, as in point of fact any co- partnership between Mr. Norris, a gentleman “as meek as that was devoted exclusively to the interest of the art pre-

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◀ 9 / 12 pt No story of Chicago would be complete without a The following is an extract from The Chicago Tribune

9 / 13 pt ▶ short account of the great fire of 1871, and nothing of Sunday, October 8, the last issue before the office can prove more interesting than the statements of was destroyed. It is said to be one of the best descrip- eye witnesses of that scene, and by these accounts tions of the scene now accessible: and what history has proved, it stands today as one “Only a few minutes elapsed after the striking of of the most appalling visitations which the world had the alarm before the flames were seen sweeping to ever experienced. There were seventy-three miles of the sky, and the lurid light that illuminated the ho- streets burned and the total loss of property could rizon grew more and more powerful, casting its bril- not have been less than $200,000,000.00. The Cus- tom House, the Court House, the Postoffice, the liant rays in every direction, bringing out in bold re- Chamber of Commerce and the great business blocks, lief the fronts of the buildings which faced it from all the banks, the theaters and the newspaper offices, quarters. The wind, seeming to rise as the flames did, all went down together in the awful conflagration. We set from the Southwest, carrying with it in its onward can form some conception of the extent of the build- rush streams of sparks, cinders and partially burned ings and property destroyed by the space burned pieces of wood, which covered the sky with dazzling over which, on the West Side, embraced one hundred spangles, sweeping northwestward like a flight of me- and twenty-four acres; South Side, four hundred and teors, but falling steadily in a fiery shower of rain, sixty acres; North Side, one thousand four hundred over that broad area embraced between the river, and seventy acres; making a total area of two thou- the South Branch, Wells street and Jackson street; sand one hundred and twenty-four acres, or nearly the lighter ones going far over on the North Division, three and a half square miles, being about four miles while the heavier and more dangerous ones fell be- in length and from one to one and a half in width. The number of buildings destroyed was seventeen thou- fore they reached that point. They dropped with great sand four hundred and fifty, and nearly one hundred force to the ground, to the occasional danger of the

◀ 10 / 14 pt The dominance of railroads over the affairs of The study of Chicago street names is an inter- 10 / 15 pt ▶ mankind will mean the most rapid growth for esting pursuit, and it brings to light many a bit Chicago, the greatest center of railroads. The of forgotten history. The first survey of Chica- railroads of the United States have a higher go was made in 1830 by James Thompson, and standard than those abroad. This is a commer- embraced an area of about three-eighths of a cial age. America is the greatest commercial square mile. Besides the garrison at Fort Dear- and industrial nation. It is rapidly becoming the born, the population did not exceed 100. Three financial center of the world. The time will come of the boundary streets of the village were when it will also hold the supremacy in the arts named after the most prominent men of the day, and the sciences that it now does in commerce. All these things will help to bring Chicago to the the survey showing that Washington street was front as the world metropolis.” The growth of the south boundary, Jefferson street the west, population in Chicago is shown as follows : Kinzie street the north and Dearborn street Census Population Change the east. Dearborn street was named after the 1840 4,470 — fort, which in turn was named in honor of Gen- 1850 29,963 570.3% eral Henry Dearborn, Secretary of War; Kinzie 1860 112,172 274.4% street took its name from John Kinzie, the ear- 1870 298,977 166.5% ly white settler, while the others were named af- 1880 503,185 68.3% ter George Washington and Thomas Jefferson. 1890 1,099,850 118.6% Northward from Washington street came Ran- The present area of the city is 204 square miles. dolph, named after John Randolph of Roanoke; This is divided into thirty-five wards. The Twen- Lake, after Lake Michigan; Fulton, named af- ty-seventh ward, the largest in the city, in- ter Robert Fulton, whose steamboat, the Clare- creased in population for the decade ending in

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120 Fetridge

82 East Beverly

62 Magnificent Mile

48 Site of Fort Dearborn

40 Muddy Waters Folk Singer

32 Account Service Representative

24 $$ Cash $$ For Vinyl Record Collections! $1

18 Five Chicago Spots with Can’t-Miss Pumpkin Spice Lattes

12 Photos: Jawbreaker Finally Have Their ‘Revenge,’ Paramore Dazzle at Riot Fest Day #3

10 For the 125th anniversary of the ’L’, the city’s Transit Authority has put some old cars back on the track

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120 RECORD

82 SAUGANASH

62 THE INN KEEPER

48 PRACTICAL TEACHER

40 DAILY LIVE STOCK WORLD

32 IMPERIAL BREWING & BOTTLING

24 SELL ME YOUR CAR OR TRUCK CASH TODAY

18 JOURNAL OF COMMERCE / SELL US YOUR SNOW BLOWER

12 SIGNODE STEEL STRAPPING / KELLOGG SWITCHBOARD & SUPPLY / MIDWAY AIRLINES

10 BLOODY MARY FEST KICKS OFF NEWLY REOPENED THEATER ON THE LAKE / CHICAGO BRIDGE & IRON

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◀◀ 6 / 7 pt Under the title of “Studies of the Great This leads me to speak of another fea- ARCHITECTURALLY CHICAGO IS MORE To show the wonderful manner in which West” there appeared an article in ture of Chicago, which has no rival in INTERESTING THAN MANY OLDER CIT- the schools of Chicago have increased ◀ 6 / 7.25 pt Harper’s New Monthly Magazine in May, this country; I mean the facility for IES. ITS WEALTH AND OPPORTUNITY to keep pace with its ever-increasing 1888, by the late Charles Dudley War- pleasure driving and riding. Michigan FOR FINE BUILDING COMING WHEN OUR population, it is only necessary to men- 6 / 7.5 pt ▶ ner. This contribution is especially avenue from the mouth of the river, the NATIONAL TASTE IS BEGINNING TO BE tion that in 1841 there were enrolled in valuable in view of the fact that Chica- centre of the town, is macadamized. INDIVIDUAL, it has escaped the monot- the public schools a total of 410 pupils, 6 / 8 pt ▶▶ go at the time it was written had not yet It and the other avenues immediately ony and mediocrity in which New York reached the million mark: “Chicago is with but five teachers in all branches. connected with the park system are not for so many years put its money, and becoming modest. Perhaps the inhab- In 1911 there were 304,146 pupils en- included in the city street department, out of the sameness of which it is es- itants may still be able to conceal their rolled, with 6,584 teachers. The ap- but are under the care of the Commis- caping in spots. Having also plenty of modesty, but nevertheless they feel it. sioners of Parks. No traffic is permit- propriation made for the year 1912 The explanation is simple. The city has room, Chicago has been able to avoid ted on them, and consequently they are the block system in its residences, and was $17,146,575.00, which means that grown not only beyond the most san- in superb condition for driving, sum- guine expectations of those who in- to give play to variety and creative ge- it cost the city about $56.34 for each mer and winter. The whole length of dulged in the most inflated hope of its nius. It is impossible to do much with child’s training for that period. This Michigan avenue you will never see a future, but it has grown beyond what the interior of a house in a block, how- does not include approximately about loaded team. These roads, that is Mich- they said they expected. This gives the ever much you may load the front with 75,000 pupils in parochial schools. igan avenue and the others of the park citizens pause as it might an eagle that ornament. Confined to a long parallel- There is no question but that the laid a roc’s egg.” system, and the park drives, are superb for driving or riding, perfectly made for ogram, and limited as to light and air, public schools of Chicago stand pre- “The fact is, Chicago has become neither comfort nor individual taste eminent among the best of any munic- an independent organism, growing by drainage and permanency, with a top- dressing of pulverized granite. The cost can be consulted or satisfied. Chica- ipality in the country, and every effort a combination of forces and opportu- go is a city of detached houses, in the nities beyond the contrivance of any of Michigan avenue drive was two hun- is made to make them as much more humbler quarters as well as in the mag- combination of men to help or hinder, dred thousand dollars a mile. The cost effective as possible. This city can al- beyond the need of flaming circulars of the parks and boulevards in each of nificent avenues, and the effect is so boast of the University of Chicago, home-like and beautiful at the same and reports of boards of trade and pro- the three divisions is met by a tax on one of the most richly endowed insti-

◀ 7 / 9 pt The first line of cars was on State street, be- In the early days of Chicago this was un- Robert Fergus, perhaps the most thorough of tween Randolph and Twelfth streets, and doubtedly the case. It is said that the good practical printers, arrived in Chicago on Ju- 7 / 9.5 pt these commenced operations April 25th, die young, but of the printer it might be re- ly 1, 1839. He was born in the Gallowgate of 7 / 10 pt ▶ 1859. The Madison street line was opened May marked “Good printers die poor,” There may Glasgow, Scotland, August 14, 1815. At the age 20th, 1859, and extended from Halsted to be exceptions, but such as there are only of 15 he was apprenticed to the printing busi- State street. The Randolph street line opened prove the rule. ness, and as a regular indenture in those days July 15th, 1859. On the North Side the Wells All who think along these lines must admit meant a practical grounding in the knowledge street line extended from the river to Chicago that printing has had much to do with the ad- avenue, and was opened in the spring of 1859 of the art, upon its completion and his setting vancement of our city’s greatness, the lifting ; the Clark street line was opened in August, forth as a journeyman he possessed a knowl- of it into the prominent place it now occupies 1859. The cars on all these roads were small edge of his business such as qualified him to as well as demonstrating to the whole world and some of them were known as “bob-tailed earn a livelihood in any part of the world. He its marvelous history a city without a peer. cars.” They were all drawn by horses. The driv- was married to Margaret Whitehead Scott, WITHOUT PRINTING THERE COULD BE NO er stood on the front platform in all conditions February, 1836. Mr. Fergus was closely iden- of weather and drove his spirited team at the PROGRESS, AS WE UNDERSTAND IT TODAY, OR tified with the early history of Chicago in the break-neck speed of nearly four miles an hour, IT WOULD BY COMPARISON BE ONLY OF A LIM- printing world, and was an acknowledged au- while the passenger sat inside, and if it was ITED ORDER, AND GREAT CENTERS SUCH AS wintertime almost froze. Oh! those cars. What WE HAVE NOW WOULD BE QUITE IMPOSSIBLE. thority on all things pertaining to its early re- misery they represented in the winter season! TAKE PRINTING AWAY FROM OUR PRESENT- cords. All his life he was identified with print- How the passengers were huddled together a DAY MODE OF DOING BUSINESS, SHUT UP OUR ing and publishing. The first book compiled, shivering mass of humanity with their feet in LIBRARIES AND OBLITERATE BOOKS, AND IM- printed, bound and issued in Chicago was the

◀ 8 / 10 pt The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chica- history-making, “Long John” was certainly one of the conspic- go was the Directory of 1844. It was placed upon the market 8 / 11 pt ▶ uous citizens of Chicago, and, unlike nearly all of the promot- in the year 1843. This Directory was compiled by J. Wellington ers of newspapers of his day, he retired from the journalistic Norris, and printed by Ellis & Fergus, from the Saloon Building, field with a competency, his real estate investments making South Water and Clark streets. him a rich man and his natural Yankee shrewdness gave him The second Directory, prepared similarly to the first, was an opportunity which he was not slow to turn to advantage. also compiled by Norris. It was printed by James Campbell & Co., Commercial Building, 65 Lake street. A ludicrous incident James J. Langdon was foreman of the Journal office in is connected with the compilation and printing of this work. 1848. He later went into business with Sterling P. Rounds and The first of Campbell & Co. came to a premature dissolution aided in establishing THE PRINTERS’ CABINET. Mr. Rounds’ en- while the Directory was in process of gestation. Mr. Campbell, tire capital was $5.00. Mr. Langdon shortly thereafter retired who was a man of quick temper, becoming incensed at Mr. Nor- to Prairie du Chien, Wis., and embarked in the horse business, ris (the Co.) forcibly ejected him from the office and threat- but finding that his animals cost him more than he could make ened to kick him if he looked back. Some gentlemen, subse- out of them he returned to Chicago and again formed a part- quently discussing the contention with Mr. Norris, asked him nership with Mr. Rounds. In December, 1856, there was but if he emulated the example of Lot’s wife. Norris replied, “No, I one other journal in the United States that was devoted exclu- didn’t look back.” This unseemly dispute severed the copart- sively to the interest of the art preservative The Typographi- nership, as in point of fact any copartnership between Mr. Nor- ris, a gentleman “as meek as Moses,” and Campbell, as fiery cal Advertiser. Rounds’ Cabinet was the first of that character

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◀ 9 / 12 pt No story of Chicago would be complete without a short The following is an extract from The Chicago Tribune

9 / 13 pt ▶ account of the great fire of 1871, and nothing can prove of Sunday, October 8, the last issue before the office more interesting than the statements of eye witnesses was destroyed. It is said to be one of the best descrip- of that scene, and by these accounts and what history tions of the scene now accessible: has proved, it stands today as one of the most appall- “Only a few minutes elapsed after the striking of ing visitations which the world had ever experienced. the alarm before the flames were seen sweeping to There were seventy-three miles of streets burned and the sky, and the lurid light that illuminated the horizon the total loss of property could not have been less grew more and more powerful, casting its brilliant rays than $200,000,000.00. The Custom House, the Court House, the Postoffice, the Chamber of Commerce and in every direction, bringing out in bold relief the fronts the great business blocks, the banks, the theaters and of the buildings which faced it from all quarters. The the newspaper offices, all went down together in the wind, seeming to rise as the flames did, set from the awful conflagration. We can form some conception of Southwest, carrying with it in its onward rush streams the extent of the buildings and property destroyed by of sparks, cinders and partially burned pieces of wood, the space burned over which, on the West Side, em- which covered the sky with dazzling spangles, sweep- braced one hundred and twenty-four acres; South Side, ing northwestward like a flight of meteors, but falling four hundred and sixty acres; North Side, one thousand steadily in a fiery shower of rain, over that broad area four hundred and seventy acres; making a total area of embraced between the river, the South Branch, Wells two thousand one hundred and twenty-four acres, or street and Jackson street; the lighter ones going far nearly three and a half square miles, being about four over on the North Division, while the heavier and more miles in length and from one to one and a half in width. dangerous ones fell before they reached that point. The number of buildings destroyed was seventeen thousand four hundred and fifty, and nearly one hun- They dropped with great force to the ground, to the oc- dred thousand persons were left homeless. casional danger of the foot passenger and the fright-

◀ 10 / 14 pt The dominance of railroads over the affairs of The study of Chicago street names is an interest- 10 / 15 pt ▶ mankind will mean the most rapid growth for Chi- ing pursuit, and it brings to light many a bit of for- cago, the greatest center of railroads. The rail- gotten history. The first survey of Chicago was roads of the United States have a higher stan- made in 1830 by James Thompson, and embraced dard than those abroad. This is a commercial age. an area of about three-eighths of a square mile. America is the greatest commercial and industri- Besides the garrison at Fort Dearborn, the pop- al nation. It is rapidly becoming the financial cen- ulation did not exceed 100. Three of the bound- ter of the world. The time will come when it will al- ary streets of the village were named after the so hold the supremacy in the arts and the scienc- most prominent men of the day, the survey show- es that it now does in commerce. All these things will help to bring Chicago to the front as the world ing that Washington street was the south bound- metropolis.” The growth of population in Chicago ary, Jefferson street the west, Kinzie street the is shown as follows : north and Dearborn street the east. Dearborn Census Population Change street was named after the fort, which in turn 1840 4,470 — was named in honor of General Henry Dearborn, 1850 29,963 570.3% Secretary of War; Kinzie street took its name 1860 112,172 274.4% from John Kinzie, the early white settler, while 1870 298,977 166.5% the others were named after George Washington 1880 503,185 68.3% and Thomas Jefferson. Northward from Wash- 1890 1,099,850 118.6% ington street came Randolph, named after John The present area of the city is 204 square miles. Randolph of Roanoke; Lake, after Lake Michigan; This is divided into thirty-five wards. The Twen- Fulton, named after Robert Fulton, whose steam- ty-seventh ward, the largest in the city, increased boat, the Claremont, had made its first trip on the in population for the decade ending in 1910, 156

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120 Trumbull

82 Goose Island

62 Blackstone Hotel

48 Chicago Consolidated

40 Customer Service Position

32 Junior Wells’ Chicago Blues Band

24 Material Issue: International Pop Overthrow

18 Vintage 1980s Star Wars Figures, Vehicles, Cases and More

12 Report: Police Department’s ‘Honor System’ for Overtime Turned Out to be a Bad Idea

10 Here’s Your Chance to Ride Chicago’s Historic Trains / Who Keeps Putting Soap in This Chicago Fountain?

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120 PANAMA

82 DESPLAINES

62 DAILY AMERICAN

48 WEST END ADVOCATE

40 PLATEMAKERS CRITERION

32 AMERICAN FURNITURE GAZETTE

24 PINKERTON NATIONAL DETECTIVE AGENCY

18 WESTERN BOOK SELLER / INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER CO

12 PEOPLE’S GAS LIGHT & COKE / YOUNGSTOWN SHEET & TUBE / UNITED STATES GYPSUM

10 THE 6TH WARD IS WORKING WITH CHICAGO’S ANIMAL CARE AND CONTROL / ILLINOIS BELL TELEPHONE

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◀◀ 6 / 7 pt Under the title of “Studies of the Great This leads me to speak of another fea- ARCHITECTURALLY CHICAGO IS MORE To show the wonderful manner in which West” there appeared an article in Harp- ture of Chicago, which has no rival in INTERESTING THAN MANY OLDER CIT- the schools of Chicago have increased ◀ 6 / 7.25 pt er’s New Monthly Magazine in May, 1888, this country; I mean the facility for plea- IES. ITS WEALTH AND OPPORTUNITY to keep pace with its ever-increasing by the late Charles Dudley Warner. This sure driving and riding. Michigan ave- FOR FINE BUILDING COMING WHEN OUR population, it is only necessary to men- 6 / 7.5 pt ▶ contribution is especially valuable in nue from the mouth of the river, the cen- NATIONAL TASTE IS BEGINNING TO BE tion that in 1841 there were enrolled view of the fact that Chicago at the tre of the town, is macadamized. It and INDIVIDUAL, it has escaped the monot- in the public schools a total of 410 pu- 6 / 8 pt ▶▶ time it was written had not yet reached the other avenues immediately connect- ony and mediocrity in which New York the million mark: “Chicago is becoming pils, with but five teachers in all branch- ed with the park system are not includ- for so many years put its money, and modest. Perhaps the inhabitants may es. In 1911 there were 304,146 pupils en- ed in the city street department, but out of the sameness of which it is es- still be able to conceal their modesty, rolled, with 6,584 teachers. The ap- are under the care of the Commission- caping in spots. Having also plenty of but nevertheless they feel it. The expla- ers of Parks. No traffic is permitted on propriation made for the year 1912 nation is simple. The city has grown not room, Chicago has been able to avoid them, and consequently they are in su- the block system in its residences, and was $17,146,575.00, which means that only beyond the most sanguine expecta- perb condition for driving, summer and tions of those who indulged in the most to give play to variety and creative ge- it cost the city about $56.34 for each winter. The whole length of Michigan av- inflated hope of its future, but it has nius. It is impossible to do much with the child’s training for that period. This does enue you will never see a loaded team. grown beyond what they said they ex- interior of a house in a block, however not include approximately about 75,000 These roads, that is Michigan avenue pected. This gives the citizens pause as much you may load the front with orna- pupils in parochial schools. and the others of the park system, and it might an eagle that laid a roc’s egg.” ment. Confined to a long parallelogram, There is no question but that the “The fact is, Chicago has become an the park drives, are superb for driving or riding, perfectly made for drainage and and limited as to light and air, neither public schools of Chicago stand pre-em- independent organism, growing by a comfort nor individual taste can be con- inent among the best of any municipal- combination of forces and opportunities permanency, with a top-dressing of pul- verized granite. The cost of Michigan av- sulted or satisfied. Chicago is a city of ity in the country, and every effort is beyond the contrivance of any combina- detached houses, in the humbler quar- tion of men to help or hinder, beyond the enue drive was two hundred thousand made to make them as much more ef- ters as well as in the magnificent ave- need of flaming circulars and reports of dollars a mile. The cost of the parks and fective as possible. This city can al- boards of trade and process pictures. It boulevards in each of the three divisions nues, and the effect is home-like and so boast of the University of Chicago, beautiful at the same time. There is has passed the danger or the fear of ri- is met by a tax on the property in that di- one of the most richly endowed insti-

◀ 7 / 9 pt The first line of cars was on State street, be- In the early days of Chicago this was undoubt- Robert Fergus, perhaps the most thorough of tween Randolph and Twelfth streets, and these edly the case. It is said that the good die young, practical printers, arrived in Chicago on Ju- 7 / 9.5 pt commenced operations April 25th, 1859. The but of the printer it might be remarked “Good ly 1, 1839. He was born in the Gallowgate of 7 / 10 pt ▶ Madison street line was opened May 20th, 1859, printers die poor,” There may be exceptions, but Glasgow, Scotland, August 14, 1815. At the age and extended from Halsted to State street. The such as there are only prove the rule. of 15 he was apprenticed to the printing busi- Randolph street line opened July 15th, 1859. All who think along these lines must admit ness, and as a regular indenture in those days On the North Side the Wells street line extend- that printing has had much to do with the ad- meant a practical grounding in the knowledge ed from the river to Chicago avenue, and was vancement of our city’s greatness, the lifting opened in the spring of 1859 ; the Clark street of the art, upon its completion and his setting of it into the prominent place it now occupies line was opened in August, 1859. The cars on all forth as a journeyman he possessed a knowl- as well as demonstrating to the whole world its these roads were small and some of them were edge of his business such as qualified him to marvelous history a city without a peer. known as “bob-tailed cars.” They were all drawn earn a livelihood in any part of the world. He WITHOUT PRINTING THERE COULD BE NO by horses. The driver stood on the front plat- was married to Margaret Whitehead Scott, Feb- PROGRESS, AS WE UNDERSTAND IT TODAY, OR form in all conditions of weather and drove his ruary, 1836. Mr. Fergus was closely identified spirited team at the break-neck speed of near- IT WOULD BY COMPARISON BE ONLY OF A LIM- with the early history of Chicago in the print- ly four miles an hour, while the passenger sat ITED ORDER, AND GREAT CENTERS SUCH AS WE ing world, and was an acknowledged authority inside, and if it was wintertime almost froze. HAVE NOW WOULD BE QUITE IMPOSSIBLE. TAKE Oh! those cars. What misery they represented PRINTING AWAY FROM OUR PRESENTDAY MODE on all things pertaining to its early records. All in the winter season! How the passengers were OF DOING BUSINESS, SHUT UP OUR LIBRAR- his life he was identified with printing and pub- huddled together a shivering mass of humani- IES AND OBLITERATE BOOKS, AND IMMEDIATE- lishing. The first book compiled, printed, bound ty with their feet in danger of being frozen, and LY WE SINK INTO A DEPTH OF DARKNESS THAT and issued in Chicago was the Directory of

◀ 8 / 10 pt The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chica- history-making, “Long John” was certainly one of the conspic- go was the Directory of 1844. It was placed upon the market 8 / 11 pt ▶ uous citizens of Chicago, and, unlike nearly all of the promoters in the year 1843. This Directory was compiled by J. Wellington of newspapers of his day, he retired from the journalistic field Norris, and printed by Ellis & Fergus, from the Saloon Building, with a competency, his real estate investments making him a South Water and Clark streets. rich man and his natural Yankee shrewdness gave him an oppor- The second Directory, prepared similarly to the first, was al- tunity which he was not slow to turn to advantage. so compiled by Norris. It was printed by James Campbell & Co., Commercial Building, 65 Lake street. A ludicrous incident is James J. Langdon was foreman of the Journal office in 1848. connected with the compilation and printing of this work. The He later went into business with Sterling P. Rounds and aided in first of Campbell & Co. came to a premature dissolution while establishing THE PRINTERS’ CABINET. Mr. Rounds’ entire capi- the Directory was in process of gestation. Mr. Campbell, who tal was $5.00. Mr. Langdon shortly thereafter retired to Prairie was a man of quick temper, becoming incensed at Mr. Norris (the du Chien, Wis., and embarked in the horse business, but finding Co.) forcibly ejected him from the office and threatened to kick that his animals cost him more than he could make out of them him if he looked back. Some gentlemen, subsequently discuss- he returned to Chicago and again formed a partnership with Mr. ing the contention with Mr. Norris, asked him if he emulated the Rounds. In December, 1856, there was but one other journal in example of Lot’s wife. Norris replied, “No, I didn’t look back.” the United States that was devoted exclusively to the interest This unseemly dispute severed the copartnership, as in point of the art preservative The Typographical Advertiser. Rounds’ of fact any copartnership between Mr. Norris, a gentleman “as meek as Moses,” and Campbell, as fiery as a Scotch Highland- Cabinet was the first of that character in the Northwest, the

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◀ 9 / 12 pt No story of Chicago would be complete without a short The following is an extract from The Chicago Tribune of

9 / 13 pt ▶ account of the great fire of 1871, and nothing can prove Sunday, October 8, the last issue before the office was more interesting than the statements of eye witness- destroyed. It is said to be one of the best descriptions of es of that scene, and by these accounts and what histo- the scene now accessible: ry has proved, it stands today as one of the most appall- “Only a few minutes elapsed after the striking of ing visitations which the world had ever experienced. the alarm before the flames were seen sweeping to the There were seventy-three miles of streets burned and sky, and the lurid light that illuminated the horizon grew the total loss of property could not have been less than more and more powerful, casting its brilliant rays in ev- $200,000,000.00. The Custom House, the Court House, the Postoffice, the Chamber of Commerce and the great ery direction, bringing out in bold relief the fronts of business blocks, the banks, the theaters and the news- the buildings which faced it from all quarters. The wind, paper offices, all went down together in the awful con- seeming to rise as the flames did, set from the South- flagration. We can form some conception of the extent west, carrying with it in its onward rush streams of of the buildings and property destroyed by the space sparks, cinders and partially burned pieces of wood, burned over which, on the West Side, embraced one hun- which covered the sky with dazzling spangles, sweep- dred and twenty-four acres; South Side, four hundred ing northwestward like a flight of meteors, but fall- and sixty acres; North Side, one thousand four hundred ing steadily in a fiery shower of rain, over that broad ar- and seventy acres; making a total area of two thousand ea embraced between the river, the South Branch, Wells one hundred and twenty-four acres, or nearly three and street and Jackson street; the lighter ones going far over a half square miles, being about four miles in length and on the North Division, while the heavier and more dan- from one to one and a half in width. The number of build- gerous ones fell before they reached that point. They ings destroyed was seventeen thousand four hundred and fifty, and nearly one hundred thousand persons were dropped with great force to the ground, to the occasion- left homeless. al danger of the foot passenger and the frightening of

◀ 10 / 14 pt The dominance of railroads over the affairs of man- The study of Chicago street names is an interesting 10 / 15 pt ▶ kind will mean the most rapid growth for Chica- pursuit, and it brings to light many a bit of forgot- go, the greatest center of railroads. The railroads ten history. The first survey of Chicago was made of the United States have a higher standard than in 1830 by James Thompson, and embraced an ar- those abroad. This is a commercial age. Ameri- ea of about three-eighths of a square mile. Besides ca is the greatest commercial and industrial na- the garrison at Fort Dearborn, the population did tion. It is rapidly becoming the financial center of not exceed 100. Three of the boundary streets of the world. The time will come when it will also hold the village were named after the most prominent the supremacy in the arts and the sciences that it men of the day, the survey showing that Wash- now does in commerce. All these things will help to bring Chicago to the front as the world metropo- ington street was the south boundary, Jefferson lis.” The growth of population in Chicago is shown street the west, Kinzie street the north and Dear- as follows : born street the east. Dearborn street was named Census Population Change after the fort, which in turn was named in honor of 1840 4,470 — General Henry Dearborn, Secretary of War; Kinzie 1850 29,963 570.3% street took its name from John Kinzie, the ear- 1860 112,172 274.4% ly white settler, while the others were named after 1870 298,977 166.5% George Washington and Thomas Jefferson. North- 1880 503,185 68.3% ward from Washington street came Randolph, 1890 1,099,850 118.6% named after John Randolph of Roanoke; Lake, af- The present area of the city is 204 square miles. ter Lake Michigan; Fulton, named after Robert Ful- This is divided into thirty-five wards. The Twenty- ton, whose steamboat, the Claremont, had made seventh ward, the largest in the city, increased in its first trip on the Hudson between New York and population for the decade ending in 1910, 156 per

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120 Gresham

82 Holden Block

62 Biograph Theater

48 Cottage Grove Heights

40 Wilco Yankee Hotel Foxtrot

32 George Herbert Jones Laboratory

24 We Buy iPhones iPads Macbook Pro And More

18 Patio Theater Expanding for Daily Showings of ‘Retro’ Flicks

12 Chicago Newspaper Hits Back After Police Union Attacks Reporter for Doing Her Damn Job

10 Take an Audio Tour of Chicago’s Fine Arts Building / Huge Pumpkin Grower Wins Trifecta of Giant Food Titles

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120 MONROE

82 MONTICELLO

62 WASHINGTONIAN

48 DAILY CHICAGO TIMES

40 WATCHMAKERS MAGAZINE

32 NATIONAL LIVE STOCK JOURNAL

24 WASHINGTON SQUARE DISTRICT EXTENSION

18 NATIONAL LIVE STOCK JOURNAL / LUMBER WORLD REVIEW

12 AMERICAN HOSPITAL SUPPLY / SMURFIT-STONE CONTAINER / WASTE MANAGEMENT INC

10 BUCKTOWN CAT CAFE AND ADOPTION CENTER AIMS TO OPEN BY HALLOWEEN / VICTOR ADDING MACHINE

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◀◀ 6 / 7 pt Under the title of “Studies of the Great This leads me to speak of another fea- ARCHITECTURALLY CHICAGO IS MORE To show the wonderful manner in which West” there appeared an article in Harp- ture of Chicago, which has no rival in this INTERESTING THAN MANY OLDER CIT- the schools of Chicago have increased to ◀ 6 / 7.25 pt er’s New Monthly Magazine in May, 1888, country; I mean the facility for pleasure IES. ITS WEALTH AND OPPORTUNITY FOR keep pace with its ever-increasing pop- by the late Charles Dudley Warner. This driving and riding. Michigan avenue from FINE BUILDING COMING WHEN OUR NA- ulation, it is only necessary to mention 6 / 7.5 pt ▶ contribution is especially valuable in view the mouth of the river, the centre of the TIONAL TASTE IS BEGINNING TO BE IN- that in 1841 there were enrolled in the of the fact that Chicago at the time it town, is macadamized. It and the oth- DIVIDUAL, it has escaped the monotony public schools a total of 410 pupils, with 6 / 8 pt ▶▶ was written had not yet reached the mil- er avenues immediately connected with and mediocrity in which New York for lion mark: “Chicago is becoming modest. but five teachers in all branches. In 1911 the park system are not included in the so many years put its money, and out of Perhaps the inhabitants may still be able there were 304,146 pupils enrolled, with city street department, but are under the the sameness of which it is escaping in to conceal their modesty, but neverthe- 6,584 teachers. The appropriation made care of the Commissioners of Parks. No spots. Having also plenty of room, Chica- less they feel it. The explanation is sim- traffic is permitted on them, and conse- for the year 1912 was $17,146,575.00, ple. The city has grown not only beyond go has been able to avoid the block sys- quently they are in superb condition for tem in its residences, and to give play to which means that it cost the city about the most sanguine expectations of those driving, summer and winter. The whole who indulged in the most inflated hope of variety and creative genius. It is impos- $56.34 for each child’s training for that length of Michigan avenue you will nev- its future, but it has grown beyond what sible to do much with the interior of a period. This does not include approxi- er see a loaded team. These roads, that they said they expected. This gives the house in a block, however much you may mately about 75,000 pupils in parochi- is Michigan avenue and the others of the citizens pause as it might an eagle that load the front with ornament. Confined al schools. park system, and the park drives, are su- laid a roc’s egg.” to a long parallelogram, and limited as There is no question but that the pub- “The fact is, Chicago has become an perb for driving or riding, perfectly made for drainage and permanency, with a top- to light and air, neither comfort nor in- lic schools of Chicago stand pre-eminent independent organism, growing by a dividual taste can be consulted or satis- among the best of any municipality in the combination of forces and opportunities dressing of pulverized granite. The cost of Michigan avenue drive was two hun- fied. Chicago is a city of detached hous- country, and every effort is made to make beyond the contrivance of any combina- es, in the humbler quarters as well as in tion of men to help or hinder, beyond the dred thousand dollars a mile. The cost them as much more effective as possible. the magnificent avenues, and the effect need of flaming circulars and reports of of the parks and boulevards in each of This city can also boast of the Universi- boards of trade and process pictures. It the three divisions is met by a tax on the is home-like and beautiful at the same ty of Chicago, one of the most richly en- time. There is great variety, stone, brick, has passed the danger or the fear of ri- property in that division. The tax is con- dowed institutions of learning in Ameri-

◀ 7 / 9 pt The first line of cars was on State street, be- In the early days of Chicago this was undoubted- Robert Fergus, perhaps the most thorough of tween Randolph and Twelfth streets, and these ly the case. It is said that the good die young, but practical printers, arrived in Chicago on July 1, 7 / 9.5 pt commenced operations April 25th, 1859. The of the printer it might be remarked “Good print- 1839. He was born in the Gallowgate of Glasgow, 7 / 10 pt ▶ Madison street line was opened May 20th, 1859, ers die poor,” There may be exceptions, but such Scotland, August 14, 1815. At the age of 15 he and extended from Halsted to State street. The as there are only prove the rule. was apprenticed to the printing business, and as Randolph street line opened July 15th, 1859. All who think along these lines must admit a regular indenture in those days meant a prac- On the North Side the Wells street line extend- that printing has had much to do with the ad- tical grounding in the knowledge of the art, up- ed from the river to Chicago avenue, and was vancement of our city’s greatness, the lifting opened in the spring of 1859 ; the Clark street on its completion and his setting forth as a jour- of it into the prominent place it now occupies line was opened in August, 1859. The cars on all neyman he possessed a knowledge of his busi- as well as demonstrating to the whole world its these roads were small and some of them were ness such as qualified him to earn a livelihood marvelous history a city without a peer. known as “bob-tailed cars.” They were all drawn in any part of the world. He was married to Mar- WITHOUT PRINTING THERE COULD BE NO by horses. The driver stood on the front platform garet Whitehead Scott, February, 1836. Mr. Fer- PROGRESS, AS WE UNDERSTAND IT TODAY, OR in all conditions of weather and drove his spirit- gus was closely identified with the early histo- ed team at the break-neck speed of nearly four IT WOULD BY COMPARISON BE ONLY OF A LIM- ry of Chicago in the printing world, and was an miles an hour, while the passenger sat inside, ITED ORDER, AND GREAT CENTERS SUCH AS WE acknowledged authority on all things pertaining and if it was wintertime almost froze. Oh! those HAVE NOW WOULD BE QUITE IMPOSSIBLE. TAKE cars. What misery they represented in the winter PRINTING AWAY FROM OUR PRESENTDAY MODE to its early records. All his life he was identified season! How the passengers were huddled to- OF DOING BUSINESS, SHUT UP OUR LIBRARIES with printing and publishing. The first book com- gether a shivering mass of humanity with their AND OBLITERATE BOOKS, AND IMMEDIATELY WE piled, printed, bound and issued in Chicago was feet in danger of being frozen, and that too in SINK INTO A DEPTH OF DARKNESS THAT WOULD the Directory of 1844, which was placed upon

◀ 8 / 10 pt The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chicago was history-making, “Long John” was certainly one of the conspic- the Directory of 1844. It was placed upon the market in the year 8 / 11 pt ▶ uous citizens of Chicago, and, unlike nearly all of the promot- 1843. This Directory was compiled by J. Wellington Norris, and ers of newspapers of his day, he retired from the journalistic field printed by Ellis & Fergus, from the Saloon Building, South Water with a competency, his real estate investments making him a rich and Clark streets. man and his natural Yankee shrewdness gave him an opportunity The second Directory, prepared similarly to the first, was al- which he was not slow to turn to advantage. so compiled by Norris. It was printed by James Campbell & Co., Commercial Building, 65 Lake street. A ludicrous incident is con- James J. Langdon was foreman of the Journal office in 1848. nected with the compilation and printing of this work. The first He later went into business with Sterling P. Rounds and aided in of Campbell & Co. came to a premature dissolution while the Di- establishing THE PRINTERS’ CABINET. Mr. Rounds’ entire capi- rectory was in process of gestation. Mr. Campbell, who was a man tal was $5.00. Mr. Langdon shortly thereafter retired to Prairie of quick temper, becoming incensed at Mr. Norris (the Co.) forc- du Chien, Wis., and embarked in the horse business, but finding ibly ejected him from the office and threatened to kick him if he that his animals cost him more than he could make out of them looked back. Some gentlemen, subsequently discussing the con- he returned to Chicago and again formed a partnership with Mr. tention with Mr. Norris, asked him if he emulated the example of Rounds. In December, 1856, there was but one other journal in Lot’s wife. Norris replied, “No, I didn’t look back.” This unseemly the United States that was devoted exclusively to the interest of dispute severed the copartnership, as in point of fact any copart- the art preservative The Typographical Advertiser. Rounds’ Cab- nership between Mr. Norris, a gentleman “as meek as Moses,” and Campbell, as fiery as a Scotch Highlander, was sure to come soon- inet was the first of that character in the Northwest, the second

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◀ 9 / 12 pt No story of Chicago would be complete without a short The following is an extract from The Chicago Tribune of

9 / 13 pt ▶ account of the great fire of 1871, and nothing can prove Sunday, October 8, the last issue before the office was -de more interesting than the statements of eye witnesses of stroyed. It is said to be one of the best descriptions of the that scene, and by these accounts and what history has scene now accessible: proved, it stands today as one of the most appalling visi- “Only a few minutes elapsed after the striking of the tations which the world had ever experienced. There were alarm before the flames were seen sweeping to the sky, seventy-three miles of streets burned and the total loss of and the lurid light that illuminated the horizon grew more property could not have been less than $200,000,000.00. and more powerful, casting its brilliant rays in every direc- The Custom House, the Court House, the Postoffice, the Chamber of Commerce and the great business blocks, the tion, bringing out in bold relief the fronts of the buildings banks, the theaters and the newspaper offices, all went which faced it from all quarters. The wind, seeming to rise down together in the awful conflagration. We can form as the flames did, set from the Southwest, carrying with it some conception of the extent of the buildings and prop- in its onward rush streams of sparks, cinders and partial- erty destroyed by the space burned over which, on the ly burned pieces of wood, which covered the sky with daz- West Side, embraced one hundred and twenty-four acres; zling spangles, sweeping northwestward like a flight of South Side, four hundred and sixty acres; North Side, one meteors, but falling steadily in a fiery shower of rain, over thousand four hundred and seventy acres; making a total that broad area embraced between the river, the South area of two thousand one hundred and twenty-four acres, Branch, Wells street and Jackson street; the lighter ones or nearly three and a half square miles, being about four going far over on the North Division, while the heavier and miles in length and from one to one and a half in width. more dangerous ones fell before they reached that point. The number of buildings destroyed was seventeen thou- They dropped with great force to the ground, to the occa- sand four hundred and fifty, and nearly one hundred thou- sand persons were left homeless. sional danger of the foot passenger and the frightening The conflagration of 1871 wiped out the old Chicago of horses, and showered upon roofs of buildings, inspiring

◀ 10 / 14 pt has no competition in population except in New York The study of Chicago street names is an interest- 10 / 15 pt ▶ and London. London lacks the possibilities of expan- ing pursuit, and it brings to light many a bit of for- sion and sooner or later will reach the maximum of gotten history. The first survey of Chicago was made growth. “The astounding and unparalleled growth in 1830 by James Thompson, and embraced an ar- of cities in the present period will help Chicago. The ea of about three-eighths of a square mile. Besides tendency is becoming more and more marked for the garrison at Fort Dearborn, the population did mankind to get in close contact. Cities today are not exceed 100. Three of the boundary streets of larger than they ever were before. The dominance of the village were named after the most prominent railroads over the affairs of mankind will mean the men of the day, the survey showing that Washington most rapid growth for Chicago, the greatest center of railroads. The railroads of the United States have street was the south boundary, Jefferson street the a higher standard than those abroad. This is a com- west, Kinzie street the north and Dearborn street mercial age. America is the greatest commercial and the east. Dearborn street was named after the fort, industrial nation. It is rapidly becoming the finan- which in turn was named in honor of General Hen- cial center of the world. The time will come when it ry Dearborn, Secretary of War; Kinzie street took its will also hold the supremacy in the arts and the sci- name from John Kinzie, the early white settler, while ences that it now does in commerce. All these things the others were named after George Washington will help to bring Chicago to the front as the world and Thomas Jefferson. Northward from Washing- metropolis.” The growth of population in Chicago is ton street came Randolph, named after John Ran- shown as follows : dolph of Roanoke; Lake, after Lake Michigan; Fulton, Census Population Change named after Robert Fulton, whose steamboat, the 1840 4,470 — Claremont, had made its first trip on the Hudson be- 1850 29,963 570.3% tween New York and Albany just twenty-three years 1860 112,172 274.4%

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120 Oakwood

82 Logan Square

62 Avondale Gardens

48 Greater Grand Crossing

40 Dispatch Positions Available

32 Humboldt Park Boathouse Pavilion

24 15 of Our Favorite Events In Chicago This Week

18 It’s a Consolation for Fans Mourning the End of Patio Season

12 Revisit the Glory Days of Radical Chic With Jean-luc Godard’s La Chinoise and Le Gai Savoir

10 Not One, but Two Corpse Flowers May Soon Stink Up Chicago / 12 Of Our Favorite Events In Chicago This Week

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120 COURIER

82 SCOTTSDALE

62 RETAIL COALMAN

48 RAVENSWOOD MANOR

40 AMERICAN FOOD JOURNAL

32 ENGINEERING AND CONTRACTING

24 SMILING & MOTIVATED INDIVIDUALS WANTED

18 HIDE AND LEATHER / DUNLOP’S SATURDAY NIGHT DISPATCH

12 AMERICAN CAR & FOUNDRY / CORN PRODUCTS REFINING / TELEPHONE & DATA SYSTEMS

10 5 THINGS YOU PROBABLY DIDN’T KNOW ABOUT THE GREAT CHICAGO FIRE / CHICAGO PACKING & PROVISION

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◀◀ 6 / 7 pt Under the title of “Studies of the Great This leads me to speak of another feature ARCHITECTURALLY CHICAGO IS MORE IN- To show the wonderful manner in which West” there appeared an article in Harp- of Chicago, which has no rival in this coun- TERESTING THAN MANY OLDER CITIES. the schools of Chicago have increased to ◀ 6 / 7.25 pt er’s New Monthly Magazine in May, 1888, try; I mean the facility for pleasure driv- ITS WEALTH AND OPPORTUNITY FOR FINE keep pace with its ever-increasing popu- by the late Charles Dudley Warner. This ing and riding. Michigan avenue from the BUILDING COMING WHEN OUR NATIONAL lation, it is only necessary to mention that 6 / 7.5 pt ▶ contribution is especially valuable in view mouth of the river, the centre of the town, TASTE IS BEGINNING TO BE INDIVIDUAL, it in 1841 there were enrolled in the public of the fact that Chicago at the time it was is macadamized. It and the other avenues has escaped the monotony and mediocri- schools a total of 410 pupils, with but five 6 / 8 pt ▶▶ written had not yet reached the million immediately connected with the park sys- ty in which New York for so many years mark: “Chicago is becoming modest. Per- teachers in all branches. In 1911 there were tem are not included in the city street de- put its money, and out of the sameness haps the inhabitants may still be able to 304,146 pupils enrolled, with 6,584 teach- partment, but are under the care of the of which it is escaping in spots. Having conceal their modesty, but nevertheless ers. The appropriation made for the year Commissioners of Parks. No traffic is per- also plenty of room, Chicago has been able they feel it. The explanation is simple. The mitted on them, and consequently they are 1912 was $17,146,575.00, which means city has grown not only beyond the most to avoid the block system in its residenc- in superb condition for driving, summer es, and to give play to variety and creative that it cost the city about $56.34 for each sanguine expectations of those who in- and winter. The whole length of Michigan dulged in the most inflated hope of its fu- genius. It is impossible to do much with child’s training for that period. This does avenue you will never see a loaded team. ture, but it has grown beyond what they the interior of a house in a block, howev- not include approximately about 75,000 These roads, that is Michigan avenue and said they expected. This gives the citi- er much you may load the front with or- pupils in parochial schools. the others of the park system, and the zens pause as it might an eagle that laid nament. Confined to a long parallelo- There is no question but that the pub- park drives, are superb for driving or rid- a roc’s egg.” gram, and limited as to light and air, nei- lic schools of Chicago stand pre-eminent “The fact is, Chicago has become an in- ing, perfectly made for drainage and per- manency, with a top-dressing of pulverized ther comfort nor individual taste can be among the best of any municipality in the dependent organism, growing by a combi- consulted or satisfied. Chicago is a city of country, and every effort is made to make nation of forces and opportunities beyond granite. The cost of Michigan avenue drive was two hundred thousand dollars a mile. detached houses, in the humbler quar- them as much more effective as possi- the contrivance of any combination of men ters as well as in the magnificent avenues, to help or hinder, beyond the need of flam- The cost of the parks and boulevards in ble. This city can also boast of the Univer- and the effect is home-like and beauti- ing circulars and reports of boards of trade each of the three divisions is met by a tax sity of Chicago, one of the most richly en- and process pictures. It has passed the on the property in that division. The tax is ful at the same time. There is great variety, dowed institutions of learning in America, stone, brick, and wood intermingled, plain danger or the fear of rivalry, and reached considerable, but the wise liberality of the with an enrollment of 6,466 students and

◀ 7 / 9 pt The first line of cars was on State street, between In the early days of Chicago this was undoubted- Robert Fergus, perhaps the most thorough of Randolph and Twelfth streets, and these com- ly the case. It is said that the good die young, but practical printers, arrived in Chicago on July 1, 7 / 9.5 pt menced operations April 25th, 1859. The Madi- of the printer it might be remarked “Good printers 1839. He was born in the Gallowgate of Glasgow, 7 / 10 pt ▶ son street line was opened May 20th, 1859, and die poor,” There may be exceptions, but such as Scotland, August 14, 1815. At the age of 15 he was extended from Halsted to State street. The Ran- there are only prove the rule. apprenticed to the printing business, and as a reg- dolph street line opened July 15th, 1859. On the All who think along these lines must admit ular indenture in those days meant a practical North Side the Wells street line extended from the that printing has had much to do with the ad- grounding in the knowledge of the art, upon its river to Chicago avenue, and was opened in the vancement of our city’s greatness, the lifting of it spring of 1859 ; the Clark street line was opened completion and his setting forth as a journeyman into the prominent place it now occupies as well in August, 1859. The cars on all these roads were he possessed a knowledge of his business such as demonstrating to the whole world its marvel- small and some of them were known as “bob- as qualified him to earn a livelihood in any part ous history a city without a peer. tailed cars.” They were all drawn by horses. The of the world. He was married to Margaret White- WITHOUT PRINTING THERE COULD BE NO driver stood on the front platform in all condi- head Scott, February, 1836. Mr. Fergus was close- PROGRESS, AS WE UNDERSTAND IT TODAY, OR tions of weather and drove his spirited team at ly identified with the early history of Chicago in the break-neck speed of nearly four miles an hour, IT WOULD BY COMPARISON BE ONLY OF A LIM- the printing world, and was an acknowledged au- while the passenger sat inside, and if it was win- ITED ORDER, AND GREAT CENTERS SUCH AS WE thority on all things pertaining to its early records. tertime almost froze. Oh! those cars. What mis- HAVE NOW WOULD BE QUITE IMPOSSIBLE. TAKE ery they represented in the winter season! How PRINTING AWAY FROM OUR PRESENTDAY MODE All his life he was identified with printing and pub- the passengers were huddled together a shiver- OF DOING BUSINESS, SHUT UP OUR LIBRARIES lishing. The first book compiled, printed, bound ing mass of humanity with their feet in danger of AND OBLITERATE BOOKS, AND IMMEDIATELY WE and issued in Chicago was the Directory of 1844, being frozen, and that too in spite of the straw SINK INTO A DEPTH OF DARKNESS THAT WOULD which was placed upon the market in the year

◀ 8 / 10 pt The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chicago was history-making, “Long John” was certainly one of the conspicuous the Directory of 1844. It was placed upon the market in the year 8 / 11 pt ▶ citizens of Chicago, and, unlike nearly all of the promoters of news- 1843. This Directory was compiled by J. Wellington Norris, and papers of his day, he retired from the journalistic field with a com- printed by Ellis & Fergus, from the Saloon Building, South Water petency, his real estate investments making him a rich man and his and Clark streets. natural Yankee shrewdness gave him an opportunity which he was The second Directory, prepared similarly to the first, was also not slow to turn to advantage. compiled by Norris. It was printed by James Campbell & Co., Com- mercial Building, 65 Lake street. A ludicrous incident is connected James J. Langdon was foreman of the Journal office in 1848. with the compilation and printing of this work. The first of Camp- He later went into business with Sterling P. Rounds and aided in es- bell & Co. came to a premature dissolution while the Directory was tablishing THE PRINTERS’ CABINET. Mr. Rounds’ entire capital was in process of gestation. Mr. Campbell, who was a man of quick tem- $5.00. Mr. Langdon shortly thereafter retired to Prairie du Chien, per, becoming incensed at Mr. Norris (the Co.) forcibly ejected him Wis., and embarked in the horse business, but finding that his an- from the office and threatened to kick him if he looked back. Some imals cost him more than he could make out of them he returned gentlemen, subsequently discussing the contention with Mr. Norris, to Chicago and again formed a partnership with Mr. Rounds. In De- asked him if he emulated the example of Lot’s wife. Norris replied, cember, 1856, there was but one other journal in the United States “No, I didn’t look back.” This unseemly dispute severed the copart- that was devoted exclusively to the interest of the art preservative nership, as in point of fact any copartnership between Mr. Norris, a The Typographical Advertiser. Rounds’ Cabinet was the first of that gentleman “as meek as Moses,” and Campbell, as fiery as a Scotch Highlander, was sure to come sooner or later to an abrupt termina- character in the Northwest, the second in its date of issue, and the

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◀ 9 / 12 pt No story of Chicago would be complete without a short ac- The following is an extract from The Chicago Tribune of

9 / 13 pt ▶ count of the great fire of 1871, and nothing can prove more Sunday, October 8, the last issue before the office was -de interesting than the statements of eye witnesses of that stroyed. It is said to be one of the best descriptions of the scene, and by these accounts and what history has proved, scene now accessible: it stands today as one of the most appalling visitations “Only a few minutes elapsed after the striking of the which the world had ever experienced. There were seventy- alarm before the flames were seen sweeping to the sky, three miles of streets burned and the total loss of property and the lurid light that illuminated the horizon grew more could not have been less than $200,000,000.00. The Cus- and more powerful, casting its brilliant rays in every direc- tom House, the Court House, the Postoffice, the Chamber of Commerce and the great business blocks, the banks, the tion, bringing out in bold relief the fronts of the buildings theaters and the newspaper offices, all went down togeth- which faced it from all quarters. The wind, seeming to rise er in the awful conflagration. We can form some concep- as the flames did, set from the Southwest, carrying with it tion of the extent of the buildings and property destroyed by in its onward rush streams of sparks, cinders and partially the space burned over which, on the West Side, embraced burned pieces of wood, which covered the sky with dazzling one hundred and twenty-four acres; South Side, four hun- spangles, sweeping northwestward like a flight of meteors, dred and sixty acres; North Side, one thousand four hun- but falling steadily in a fiery shower of rain, over that broad dred and seventy acres; making a total area of two thousand area embraced between the river, the South Branch, Wells one hundred and twenty-four acres, or nearly three and a street and Jackson street; the lighter ones going far over on half square miles, being about four miles in length and from the North Division, while the heavier and more dangerous one to one and a half in width. The number of buildings de- ones fell before they reached that point. They dropped with stroyed was seventeen thousand four hundred and fifty, and great force to the ground, to the occasional danger of the nearly one hundred thousand persons were left homeless. The conflagration of 1871 wiped out the old Chicago that foot passenger and the frightening of horses, and showered had been built prior to that time, and from its ashes arose upon roofs of buildings, inspiring constant fear that oth-

◀ 10 / 14 pt has no competition in population except in New York The study of Chicago street names is an interest- 10 / 15 pt ▶ and London. London lacks the possibilities of expan- ing pursuit, and it brings to light many a bit of for- sion and sooner or later will reach the maximum of gotten history. The first survey of Chicago was made growth. “The astounding and unparalleled growth of in 1830 by James Thompson, and embraced an ar- cities in the present period will help Chicago. The ten- ea of about three-eighths of a square mile. Besides dency is becoming more and more marked for man- the garrison at Fort Dearborn, the population did not kind to get in close contact. Cities today are larg- exceed 100. Three of the boundary streets of the vil- er than they ever were before. The dominance of rail- lage were named after the most prominent men of the roads over the affairs of mankind will mean the most day, the survey showing that Washington street was rapid growth for Chicago, the greatest center of rail- roads. The railroads of the United States have a high- the south boundary, Jefferson street the west, Kinzie er standard than those abroad. This is a commercial street the north and Dearborn street the east. Dear- age. America is the greatest commercial and indus- born street was named after the fort, which in turn trial nation. It is rapidly becoming the financial center was named in honor of General Henry Dearborn, Sec- of the world. The time will come when it will also hold retary of War; Kinzie street took its name from John the supremacy in the arts and the sciences that it now Kinzie, the early white settler, while the others were does in commerce. All these things will help to bring named after George Washington and Thomas Jeffer- Chicago to the front as the world metropolis.” The son. Northward from Washington street came Ran- growth of population in Chicago is shown as follows : dolph, named after John Randolph of Roanoke; Lake, Census Population Change after Lake Michigan; Fulton, named after Robert Ful- 1840 4,470 — ton, whose steamboat, the Claremont, had made its 1850 29,963 570.3% first trip on the Hudson between New York and Albany 1860 112,172 274.4% just twenty-three years before Chicago was mapped 1870 298,977 166.5%

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120 Merrimac

82 Michael Brand

62 Blackstone Library

48 Ed Thielepape Premium

40 Crucial Conflict: The Final Tic

32 Rosehill Cemetery Plots Best Offers

24 Cornelia Arts Building Hosts Open House Friday

18 Make That 3 Days in a Row of Record-Breaking Heat in Chicago

12 MLB Teams Invite Girl With 3D-Printed Hand to Throw out 1st Pitch in Incredible Twitter Thread

10 The Curious Cruise: Haunted History along the Chicago River / Giddings Square is getting sudsed nearly every week

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120 CHICAGO

82 SPRINGFIELD

62 WEEKLY EXPRESS

48 EDUCATIONAL WEEKLY

40 WORKWOMENS’ ADVOCATE

32 GRIESEDIECK WESTERN BREWERY

24 AMERICAN BISCUIT AND MANUFACTURING CO

18 INLAND PRINTER / CHICAGO, AURORA & ELGIN RAILROAD CO.

12 AMERICAN STEEL FOUNDRIES / PEPPER CONSTRUCTION / CONTAINER CORP. OF AMERICA

10 A SILENT AUCTION IS UNDERWAY TO RAISE FUNDS FOR HORNER PARK’S LONG PLANNED DOG FRIENDLY AREAÅ

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◀◀ 6 / 7 pt Under the title of “Studies of the Great This leads me to speak of another feature ARCHITECTURALLY CHICAGO IS MORE IN- To show the wonderful manner in which the West” there appeared an article in Harper’s of Chicago, which has no rival in this coun- TERESTING THAN MANY OLDER CITIES. schools of Chicago have increased to keep ◀ 6 / 7.25 pt New Monthly Magazine in May, 1888, by the try; I mean the facility for pleasure driv- ITS WEALTH AND OPPORTUNITY FOR FINE pace with its ever-increasing population, it late Charles Dudley Warner. This contribu- ing and riding. Michigan avenue from the BUILDING COMING WHEN OUR NATIONAL is only necessary to mention that in 1841 6 / 7.5 pt ▶ tion is especially valuable in view of the fact mouth of the river, the centre of the town, is TASTE IS BEGINNING TO BE INDIVIDUAL, it there were enrolled in the public schools a that Chicago at the time it was written had macadamized. It and the other avenues im- has escaped the monotony and mediocri- total of 410 pupils, with but five teachers in 6 / 8 pt ▶▶ not yet reached the million mark: “Chicago mediately connected with the park system ty in which New York for so many years is becoming modest. Perhaps the inhabit- all branches. In 1911 there were 304,146 pu- are not included in the city street depart- put its money, and out of the sameness ants may still be able to conceal their mod- pils enrolled, with 6,584 teachers. The ap- ment, but are under the care of the Com- of which it is escaping in spots. Having al- esty, but nevertheless they feel it. The ex- propriation made for the year 1912 was missioners of Parks. No traffic is permit- so plenty of room, Chicago has been able to planation is simple. The city has grown not ted on them, and consequently they are in $17,146,575.00, which means that it cost only beyond the most sanguine expecta- avoid the block system in its residences, and superb condition for driving, summer and to give play to variety and creative genius. the city about $56.34 for each child’s train- tions of those who indulged in the most in- winter. The whole length of Michigan ave- flated hope of its future, but it has grown It is impossible to do much with the interi- ing for that period. This does not include nue you will never see a loaded team. These beyond what they said they expected. This or of a house in a block, however much you approximately about 75,000 pupils in paro- roads, that is Michigan avenue and the oth- gives the citizens pause as it might an eagle may load the front with ornament. Confined chial schools. ers of the park system, and the park drives, that laid a roc’s egg.” to a long parallelogram, and limited as to There is no question but that the pub- are superb for driving or riding, perfectly “The fact is, Chicago has become an in- light and air, neither comfort nor individual lic schools of Chicago stand pre-eminent dependent organism, growing by a combi- made for drainage and permanency, with a top-dressing of pulverized granite. The cost taste can be consulted or satisfied. Chicago among the best of any municipality in the nation of forces and opportunities beyond is a city of detached houses, in the humbler country, and every effort is made to make the contrivance of any combination of men of Michigan avenue drive was two hundred thousand dollars a mile. The cost of the quarters as well as in the magnificent ave- them as much more effective as possible. to help or hinder, beyond the need of flam- nues, and the effect is home-like and beau- ing circulars and reports of boards of trade parks and boulevards in each of the three This city can also boast of the University of tiful at the same time. There is great variety, and process pictures. It has passed the dan- divisions is met by a tax on the property in Chicago, one of the most richly endowed in- ger or the fear of rivalry, and reached the that division. The tax is considerable, but stone, brick, and wood intermingled, plain stitutions of learning in America, with an and ornamental; but drive where you will point where the growth of any other por- the wise liberality of the citizens has done enrollment of 6,466 students and 330 in-

◀ 7 / 9 pt The first line of cars was on State street, between In the early days of Chicago this was undoubted- Robert Fergus, perhaps the most thorough of prac- Randolph and Twelfth streets, and these com- ly the case. It is said that the good die young, but of tical printers, arrived in Chicago on July 1, 1839. He 7 / 9.5 pt menced operations April 25th, 1859. The Madi- the printer it might be remarked “Good printers die was born in the Gallowgate of Glasgow, Scotland, 7 / 10 pt ▶ son street line was opened May 20th, 1859, and ex- poor,” There may be exceptions, but such as there August 14, 1815. At the age of 15 he was appren- tended from Halsted to State street. The Randolph are only prove the rule. ticed to the printing business, and as a regular in- street line opened July 15th, 1859. On the North All who think along these lines must admit that denture in those days meant a practical ground- Side the Wells street line extended from the riv- printing has had much to do with the advance- ing in the knowledge of the art, upon its completion er to Chicago avenue, and was opened in the spring ment of our city’s greatness, the lifting of it into the of 1859 ; the Clark street line was opened in Au- and his setting forth as a journeyman he possessed prominent place it now occupies as well as demon- gust, 1859. The cars on all these roads were small a knowledge of his business such as qualified him strating to the whole world its marvelous history a and some of them were known as “bob-tailed cars.” to earn a livelihood in any part of the world. He was city without a peer. They were all drawn by horses. The driver stood on married to Margaret Whitehead Scott, February, WITHOUT PRINTING THERE COULD BE NO the front platform in all conditions of weather and 1836. Mr. Fergus was closely identified with the ear- PROGRESS, AS WE UNDERSTAND IT TODAY, OR IT drove his spirited team at the break-neck speed of ly history of Chicago in the printing world, and was nearly four miles an hour, while the passenger sat WOULD BY COMPARISON BE ONLY OF A LIMITED an acknowledged authority on all things pertain- inside, and if it was wintertime almost froze. Oh! ORDER, AND GREAT CENTERS SUCH AS WE HAVE ing to its early records. All his life he was identified those cars. What misery they represented in the NOW WOULD BE QUITE IMPOSSIBLE. TAKE PRINT- winter season! How the passengers were huddled ING AWAY FROM OUR PRESENTDAY MODE OF DO- with printing and publishing. The first book com- together a shivering mass of humanity with their ING BUSINESS, SHUT UP OUR LIBRARIES AND piled, printed, bound and issued in Chicago was the feet in danger of being frozen, and that too in spite OBLITERATE BOOKS, AND IMMEDIATELY WE SINK Directory of 1844, which was placed upon the mar- of the straw so generously supplied by the compa- INTO A DEPTH OF DARKNESS THAT WOULD AP- ket in the year 1843. This directory was printed by

◀ 8 / 10 pt The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chicago was history-making, “Long John” was certainly one of the conspicuous the Directory of 1844. It was placed upon the market in the year 8 / 11 pt ▶ citizens of Chicago, and, unlike nearly all of the promoters of newspa- 1843. This Directory was compiled by J. Wellington Norris, and pers of his day, he retired from the journalistic field with a competen- printed by Ellis & Fergus, from the Saloon Building, South Water cy, his real estate investments making him a rich man and his natural and Clark streets. Yankee shrewdness gave him an opportunity which he was not slow The second Directory, prepared similarly to the first, was also com- to turn to advantage. piled by Norris. It was printed by James Campbell & Co., Commer- cial Building, 65 Lake street. A ludicrous incident is connected with James J. Langdon was foreman of the Journal office in 1848. the compilation and printing of this work. The first of Campbell & Co. He later went into business with Sterling P. Rounds and aided in es- came to a premature dissolution while the Directory was in process tablishing THE PRINTERS’ CABINET. Mr. Rounds’ entire capital was of gestation. Mr. Campbell, who was a man of quick temper, becom- $5.00. Mr. Langdon shortly thereafter retired to Prairie du Chien, Wis., ing incensed at Mr. Norris (the Co.) forcibly ejected him from the of- and embarked in the horse business, but finding that his animals cost fice and threatened to kick him if he looked back. Some gentlemen, him more than he could make out of them he returned to Chicago subsequently discussing the contention with Mr. Norris, asked him and again formed a partnership with Mr. Rounds. In December, 1856, if he emulated the example of Lot’s wife. Norris replied, “No, I didn’t there was but one other journal in the United States that was devot- look back.” This unseemly dispute severed the copartnership, as in ed exclusively to the interest of the art preservative The Typographi- point of fact any copartnership between Mr. Norris, a gentleman “as cal Advertiser. Rounds’ Cabinet was the first of that character in the meek as Moses,” and Campbell, as fiery as a Scotch Highlander, was sure to come sooner or later to an abrupt termination. A notice in the Northwest, the second in its date of issue, and the first monthly typo-

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◀ 9 / 12 pt No story of Chicago would be complete without a short ac- The following is an extract from The Chicago Tribune of Sun-

9 / 13 pt ▶ count of the great fire of 1871, and nothing can prove more in- day, October 8, the last issue before the office was destroyed. teresting than the statements of eye witnesses of that scene, It is said to be one of the best descriptions of the scene now and by these accounts and what history has proved, it stands accessible: today as one of the most appalling visitations which the world “Only a few minutes elapsed after the striking of the had ever experienced. There were seventy-three miles of alarm before the flames were seen sweeping to the sky, and streets burned and the total loss of property could not have the lurid light that illuminated the horizon grew more and been less than $200,000,000.00. The Custom House, the more powerful, casting its brilliant rays in every direction, Court House, the Postoffice, the Chamber of Commerce and the great business blocks, the banks, the theaters and the bringing out in bold relief the fronts of the buildings which newspaper offices, all went down together in the awful con- faced it from all quarters. The wind, seeming to rise as the flagration. We can form some conception of the extent of the flames did, set from the Southwest, carrying with it in its on- buildings and property destroyed by the space burned over ward rush streams of sparks, cinders and partially burned which, on the West Side, embraced one hundred and twen- pieces of wood, which covered the sky with dazzling spangles, ty-four acres; South Side, four hundred and sixty acres; North sweeping northwestward like a flight of meteors, but fall- Side, one thousand four hundred and seventy acres; mak- ing steadily in a fiery shower of rain, over that broad area em- ing a total area of two thousand one hundred and twenty-four braced between the river, the South Branch, Wells street and acres, or nearly three and a half square miles, being about Jackson street; the lighter ones going far over on the North four miles in length and from one to one and a half in width. Division, while the heavier and more dangerous ones fell be- The number of buildings destroyed was seventeen thousand fore they reached that point. They dropped with great force four hundred and fifty, and nearly one hundred thousand per- to the ground, to the occasional danger of the foot passen- sons were left homeless. The conflagration of 1871 wiped out the old Chicago that ger and the frightening of horses, and showered upon roofs had been built prior to that time, and from its ashes arose a of buildings, inspiring constant fear that other conflagrations

◀ 10 / 14 pt has no competition in population except in New York The study of Chicago street names is an interesting 10 / 15 pt ▶ and London. London lacks the possibilities of expan- pursuit, and it brings to light many a bit of forgotten sion and sooner or later will reach the maximum of history. The first survey of Chicago was made in 1830 growth. “The astounding and unparalleled growth of by James Thompson, and embraced an area of about cities in the present period will help Chicago. The ten- three-eighths of a square mile. Besides the garrison at dency is becoming more and more marked for man- Fort Dearborn, the population did not exceed 100. Three kind to get in close contact. Cities today are larger than of the boundary streets of the village were named after they ever were before. The dominance of railroads over the most prominent men of the day, the survey showing the affairs of mankind will mean the most rapid growth that Washington street was the south boundary, Jeffer- for Chicago, the greatest center of railroads. The rail- roads of the United States have a higher standard than son street the west, Kinzie street the north and Dear- those abroad. This is a commercial age. America is the born street the east. Dearborn street was named af- greatest commercial and industrial nation. It is rapid- ter the fort, which in turn was named in honor of Gen- ly becoming the financial center of the world. The time eral Henry Dearborn, Secretary of War; Kinzie street will come when it will also hold the supremacy in the took its name from John Kinzie, the early white settler, arts and the sciences that it now does in commerce. All while the others were named after George Washing- these things will help to bring Chicago to the front as ton and Thomas Jefferson. Northward from Washing- the world metropolis.” The growth of population in Chi- ton street came Randolph, named after John Randolph cago is shown as follows : of Roanoke; Lake, after Lake Michigan; Fulton, named Census Population Change after Robert Fulton, whose steamboat, the Claremont, 1840 4,470 — had made its first trip on the Hudson between New York 1850 29,963 570.3% and Albany just twenty-three years before Chicago was 1860 112,172 274.4% mapped out; Carroll street, after Charles Carroll of Car- 1870 298,977 166.5%

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120 Kentucky

82 Norwood Park

62 Frank Lloyd Wright

48 Sam Cohen Beer Bottler

40 Lorado Taft’s Midway Studios

32 Illinois Central Railroad Swing Bridge

24 The Best Restaurants For Vegetarians In Chicago

18 Parson’s Serving Brunch Again: Chicken & Waffles, Migas & More

12 Philadelphia Man is Facing Felony Charges After a $14,000-in-damages Hotel Rampage this Week

10 Red-Winged Blackbirds Are Attacking People in Chicago / Fans Cheer Marathon Runners on Picture-Perfect Race Day

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120 WARSAW

82 ROBIE HOUSE

62 WESTERN CITIZEN

48 WESTERN ENTERPRISE

40 THE GREAT WESTERN STAR

32 THE HENNING BREWING COMPANY

24 GENERAL AMERICAN TRANSPORTATION CORP

18 SVENGOOLIE RECORDS / WATCHMAKER AND METAL WORKER

12 POLICE: MAN ARRESTED AFTER STATUE OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS DEFACED OVERNIGHT

10 SUMMER’S NOT OVER YET! TEMPERATURES WILL SOAR WELL INTO THE 80S / SELL YOUR PRESSURE WASHER

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◀◀ 6 / 7 pt Under the title of “Studies of the Great This leads me to speak of another feature of ARCHITECTURALLY CHICAGO IS MORE IN- To show the wonderful manner in which the West” there appeared an article in Harp- Chicago, which has no rival in this country; I TERESTING THAN MANY OLDER CITIES. schools of Chicago have increased to keep ◀ 6 / 7.25 pt er’s New Monthly Magazine in May, 1888, by mean the facility for pleasure driving and rid- ITS WEALTH AND OPPORTUNITY FOR FINE pace with its ever-increasing population, it the late Charles Dudley Warner. This contri- ing. Michigan avenue from the mouth of the BUILDING COMING WHEN OUR NATION- is only necessary to mention that in 1841 6 / 7.5 pt ▶ bution is especially valuable in view of the river, the centre of the town, is macadamized. AL TASTE IS BEGINNING TO BE INDIVIDUAL, there were enrolled in the public schools a fact that Chicago at the time it was written It and the other avenues immediately con- it has escaped the monotony and medioc- total of 410 pupils, with but five teachers in 6 / 8 pt ▶▶ had not yet reached the million mark: “Chica- nected with the park system are not includ- rity in which New York for so many years go is becoming modest. Perhaps the inhab- all branches. In 1911 there were 304,146 pu- ed in the city street department, but are un- put its money, and out of the sameness itants may still be able to conceal their mod- pils enrolled, with 6,584 teachers. The ap- der the care of the Commissioners of Parks. of which it is escaping in spots. Having al- esty, but nevertheless they feel it. The expla- propriation made for the year 1912 was No traffic is permitted on them, and conse- so plenty of room, Chicago has been able to nation is simple. The city has grown not on- quently they are in superb condition for driv- $17,146,575.00, which means that it cost ly beyond the most sanguine expectations avoid the block system in its residences, and ing, summer and winter. The whole length of to give play to variety and creative genius. It the city about $56.34 for each child’s train- of those who indulged in the most inflat- Michigan avenue you will never see a loaded ed hope of its future, but it has grown be- is impossible to do much with the interior of ing for that period. This does not include ap- team. These roads, that is Michigan avenue yond what they said they expected. This gives a house in a block, however much you may proximately about 75,000 pupils in paro- and the others of the park system, and the the citizens pause as it might an eagle that load the front with ornament. Confined to a chial schools. park drives, are superb for driving or riding, laid a roc’s egg.” long parallelogram, and limited as to light and There is no question but that the pub- perfectly made for drainage and permanen- “The fact is, Chicago has become an inde- air, neither comfort nor individual taste can lic schools of Chicago stand pre-eminent pendent organism, growing by a combination cy, with a top-dressing of pulverized granite. The cost of Michigan avenue drive was two be consulted or satisfied. Chicago is a city of among the best of any municipality in the of forces and opportunities beyond the con- detached houses, in the humbler quarters as country, and every effort is made to make trivance of any combination of men to help hundred thousand dollars a mile. The cost of the parks and boulevards in each of the three well as in the magnificent avenues, and the them as much more effective as possible. or hinder, beyond the need of flaming circu- effect is home-like and beautiful at the same lars and reports of boards of trade and pro- divisions is met by a tax on the property in This city can also boast of the University of time. There is great variety, stone, brick, and cess pictures. It has passed the danger or the that division. The tax is considerable, but the Chicago, one of the most richly endowed in- fear of rivalry, and reached the point where wise liberality of the citizens has done for the wood intermingled, plain and ornamental; stitutions of learning in America, with an en- but drive where you will in the favorite resi- the growth of any other portion of the great town what only royalty usually accomplishes rollment of 6,466 students and 330 instruc-

◀ 7 / 9 pt The first line of cars was on State street, between In the early days of Chicago this was undoubtedly Robert Fergus, perhaps the most thorough of prac- Randolph and Twelfth streets, and these commenced the case. It is said that the good die young, but of the tical printers, arrived in Chicago on July 1, 1839. He 7 / 9.5 pt operations April 25th, 1859. The Madison street line printer it might be remarked “Good printers die poor,” was born in the Gallowgate of Glasgow, Scotland, Au- 7 / 10 pt ▶ was opened May 20th, 1859, and extended from There may be exceptions, but such as there are on- gust 14, 1815. At the age of 15 he was apprenticed to Halsted to State street. The Randolph street line ly prove the rule. the printing business, and as a regular indenture in opened July 15th, 1859. On the North Side the Wells All who think along these lines must admit that those days meant a practical grounding in the knowl- street line extended from the river to Chicago ave- printing has had much to do with the advancement edge of the art, upon its completion and his setting nue, and was opened in the spring of 1859 ; the Clark of our city’s greatness, the lifting of it into the prom- street line was opened in August, 1859. The cars on forth as a journeyman he possessed a knowledge of inent place it now occupies as well as demonstrating all these roads were small and some of them were his business such as qualified him to earn a livelihood to the whole world its marvelous history a city with- known as “bob-tailed cars.” They were all drawn by in any part of the world. He was married to Marga- out a peer. horses. The driver stood on the front platform in all ret Whitehead Scott, February, 1836. Mr. Fergus was WITHOUT PRINTING THERE COULD BE NO conditions of weather and drove his spirited team at closely identified with the early history of Chicago PROGRESS, AS WE UNDERSTAND IT TODAY, OR IT the break-neck speed of nearly four miles an hour, in the printing world, and was an acknowledged au- while the passenger sat inside, and if it was winter- WOULD BY COMPARISON BE ONLY OF A LIMITED thority on all things pertaining to its early records. All time almost froze. Oh! those cars. What misery they ORDER, AND GREAT CENTERS SUCH AS WE HAVE his life he was identified with printing and publishing. represented in the winter season! How the passen- NOW WOULD BE QUITE IMPOSSIBLE. TAKE PRINT- gers were huddled together a shivering mass of hu- ING AWAY FROM OUR PRESENTDAY MODE OF DO- The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in manity with their feet in danger of being frozen, and ING BUSINESS, SHUT UP OUR LIBRARIES AND Chicago was the Directory of 1844, which was placed that too in spite of the straw so generously supplied OBLITERATE BOOKS, AND IMMEDIATELY WE SINK upon the market in the year 1843. This directory was by the companies for the benefit of their patrons, INTO A DEPTH OF DARKNESS THAT WOULD AP- printed by Ellis & Fergus. It is said that the earlier di-

◀ 8 / 10 pt The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chicago was the history-making, “Long John” was certainly one of the conspicuous cit- Directory of 1844. It was placed upon the market in the year 1843. 8 / 11 pt ▶ izens of Chicago, and, unlike nearly all of the promoters of newspapers This Directory was compiled by J. Wellington Norris, and printed by Ellis of his day, he retired from the journalistic field with a competency, his & Fergus, from the Saloon Building, South Water and Clark streets. real estate investments making him a rich man and his natural Yan- The second Directory, prepared similarly to the first, was also com- kee shrewdness gave him an opportunity which he was not slow to turn piled by Norris. It was printed by James Campbell & Co., Commer- to advantage. cial Building, 65 Lake street. A ludicrous incident is connected with the compilation and printing of this work. The first of Campbell & Co. came James J. Langdon was foreman of the Journal office in 1848. He to a premature dissolution while the Directory was in process of gesta- later went into business with Sterling P. Rounds and aided in establish- tion. Mr. Campbell, who was a man of quick temper, becoming incensed ing THE PRINTERS’ CABINET. Mr. Rounds’ entire capital was $5.00. Mr. at Mr. Norris (the Co.) forcibly ejected him from the office and threat- Langdon shortly thereafter retired to Prairie du Chien, Wis., and em- ened to kick him if he looked back. Some gentlemen, subsequently dis- barked in the horse business, but finding that his animals cost him cussing the contention with Mr. Norris, asked him if he emulated the more than he could make out of them he returned to Chicago and example of Lot’s wife. Norris replied, “No, I didn’t look back.” This un- again formed a partnership with Mr. Rounds. In December, 1856, there seemly dispute severed the copartnership, as in point of fact any co- was but one other journal in the United States that was devoted exclu- partnership between Mr. Norris, a gentleman “as meek as Moses,” and sively to the interest of the art preservative The Typographical Advertis- Campbell, as fiery as a Scotch Highlander, was sure to come sooner or er. Rounds’ Cabinet was the first of that character in the Northwest, the later to an abrupt termination. A notice in the Chicago Journal of April 16, 1845, dated April 15, 1845, announced the dissolution of the firm of second in its date of issue, and the first monthly typographical journal

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◀ 9 / 12 pt No story of Chicago would be complete without a short ac- The following is an extract from The Chicago Tribune of Sun-

9 / 13 pt ▶ count of the great fire of 1871, and nothing can prove more in- day, October 8, the last issue before the office was destroyed. teresting than the statements of eye witnesses of that scene, It is said to be one of the best descriptions of the scene now and by these accounts and what history has proved, it stands accessible: today as one of the most appalling visitations which the world “Only a few minutes elapsed after the striking of the alarm had ever experienced. There were seventy-three miles of streets before the flames were seen sweeping to the sky, and the lu- burned and the total loss of property could not have been less rid light that illuminated the horizon grew more and more pow- than $200,000,000.00. The Custom House, the Court House, erful, casting its brilliant rays in every direction, bringing out the Postoffice, the Chamber of Commerce and the great busi- ness blocks, the banks, the theaters and the newspaper offices, in bold relief the fronts of the buildings which faced it from all all went down together in the awful conflagration. We can form quarters. The wind, seeming to rise as the flames did, set from some conception of the extent of the buildings and proper- the Southwest, carrying with it in its onward rush streams of ty destroyed by the space burned over which, on the West Side, sparks, cinders and partially burned pieces of wood, which embraced one hundred and twenty-four acres; South Side, four covered the sky with dazzling spangles, sweeping northwest- hundred and sixty acres; North Side, one thousand four hun- ward like a flight of meteors, but falling steadily in a fiery show- dred and seventy acres; making a total area of two thousand er of rain, over that broad area embraced between the river, one hundred and twenty-four acres, or nearly three and a half the South Branch, Wells street and Jackson street; the light- square miles, being about four miles in length and from one to er ones going far over on the North Division, while the heavi- one and a half in width. The number of buildings destroyed was er and more dangerous ones fell before they reached that point. seventeen thousand four hundred and fifty, and nearly one hun- They dropped with great force to the ground, to the occasional dred thousand persons were left homeless. danger of the foot passenger and the frightening of horses, and The conflagration of 1871 wiped out the old Chicago that had been built prior to that time, and from its ashes arose a city showered upon roofs of buildings, inspiring constant fear that of such proportions and such grandeur as the world previously other conflagrations would break out, and that a terribly broad

◀ 10 / 14 pt has no competition in population except in New York and The study of Chicago street names is an interesting pur- 10 / 15 pt ▶ London. London lacks the possibilities of expansion and suit, and it brings to light many a bit of forgotten history. sooner or later will reach the maximum of growth. “The The first survey of Chicago was made in 1830 by James astounding and unparalleled growth of cities in the pres- Thompson, and embraced an area of about three-eighths ent period will help Chicago. The tendency is becoming of a square mile. Besides the garrison at Fort Dearborn, more and more marked for mankind to get in close con- the population did not exceed 100. Three of the boundary tact. Cities today are larger than they ever were before. streets of the village were named after the most promi- The dominance of railroads over the affairs of mankind nent men of the day, the survey showing that Washing- will mean the most rapid growth for Chicago, the great- ton street was the south boundary, Jefferson street the est center of railroads. The railroads of the United States have a higher standard than those abroad. This is a com- west, Kinzie street the north and Dearborn street the mercial age. America is the greatest commercial and in- east. Dearborn street was named after the fort, which dustrial nation. It is rapidly becoming the financial center in turn was named in honor of General Henry Dear- of the world. The time will come when it will also hold the born, Secretary of War; Kinzie street took its name from supremacy in the arts and the sciences that it now does John Kinzie, the early white settler, while the others were in commerce. All these things will help to bring Chicago named after George Washington and Thomas Jeffer- to the front as the world metropolis.” The growth of pop- son. Northward from Washington street came Randolph, ulation in Chicago is shown as follows : named after John Randolph of Roanoke; Lake, after Lake Census Population Change Michigan; Fulton, named after Robert Fulton, whose 1840 4,470 — steamboat, the Claremont, had made its first trip on the 1850 29,963 570.3% Hudson between New York and Albany just twenty-three 1860 112,172 274.4% years before Chicago was mapped out; Carroll street, af- 1870 298,977 166.5% ter Charles Carroll of Carrollton, and then Kinzie street. 1880 503,185 68.3%

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120 Lockwood

82 Homan Square

62 Sheffield Neighbors

48 Heald Square Monument

40 Site of the Haymarket Tragedy

32 Navy Pier Headhouse and Auditorium

24 Vintage Collectable Perlick Beer Keg Tapper Pump

18 Slideshow: A Look Back at Hugh Hefner’s Playboy Roots in Chicago

12 The Cubs Will Play At 3:08 PM Monday — Unless Both American League First Round Series Are Over

10 Weather service issues strong wind warning for areas near Lake Michigan / Your Favorite Raunchy Card Game Goes Live

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120 BALANCE

82 BRONZEVILLE

62 MASONIC RECORD

48 INVESTING FOR PROFIT

40 SEWING MACHINE ADVANCE

32 THE NATIONAL HOTEL REPORTERS

24 INTERNATIONAL MINERALS & CHEMICAL CORP.

18 BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION

12 AMERICAN TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH / CHICAGO SHIP BUILDING / CONSOLIDATED FOODS

10 SQUIRRELS ARE AT THEIR MOST ACTIVE IN THE FALL AND PRODUCE UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES IN SPRING

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◀◀ 6 / 7 pt Under the title of “Studies of the Great West” This leads me to speak of another feature of ARCHITECTURALLY CHICAGO IS MORE IN- To show the wonderful manner in which there appeared an article in Harper’s New Chicago, which has no rival in this country; I TERESTING THAN MANY OLDER CITIES. the schools of Chicago have increased to ◀ 6 / 7.25 pt Monthly Magazine in May, 1888, by the late mean the facility for pleasure driving and rid- ITS WEALTH AND OPPORTUNITY FOR FINE keep pace with its ever-increasing population, Charles Dudley Warner. This contribution is ing. Michigan avenue from the mouth of the BUILDING COMING WHEN OUR NATION- it is only necessary to mention that in 1841 6 / 7.5 pt ▶ especially valuable in view of the fact that Chi- river, the centre of the town, is macadamized. AL TASTE IS BEGINNING TO BE INDIVIDU- there were enrolled in the public schools a cago at the time it was written had not yet It and the other avenues immediately con- AL, it has escaped the monotony and me- total of 410 pupils, with but five teachers in 6 / 8 pt ▶▶ reached the million mark: “Chicago is becom- nected with the park system are not includ- diocrity in which New York for so many ing modest. Perhaps the inhabitants may still all branches. In 1911 there were 304,146 pu- ed in the city street department, but are un- years put its money, and out of the same- be able to conceal their modesty, but never- pils enrolled, with 6,584 teachers. The ap- der the care of the Commissioners of Parks. ness of which it is escaping in spots. Hav- theless they feel it. The explanation is sim- propriation made for the year 1912 was No traffic is permitted on them, and conse- ing also plenty of room, Chicago has been ple. The city has grown not only beyond the quently they are in superb condition for driv- $17,146,575.00, which means that it cost most sanguine expectations of those who in- able to avoid the block system in its residenc- ing, summer and winter. The whole length of es, and to give play to variety and creative ge- the city about $56.34 for each child’s train- dulged in the most inflated hope of its future, Michigan avenue you will never see a load- but it has grown beyond what they said they nius. It is impossible to do much with the in- ing for that period. This does not include ap- ed team. These roads, that is Michigan avenue expected. This gives the citizens pause as it terior of a house in a block, however much proximately about 75,000 pupils in parochi- and the others of the park system, and the might an eagle that laid a roc’s egg.” you may load the front with ornament. Con- al schools. park drives, are superb for driving or riding, “The fact is, Chicago has become an inde- fined to a long parallelogram, and limited as There is no question but that the public perfectly made for drainage and permanency, pendent organism, growing by a combination to light and air, neither comfort nor individu- schools of Chicago stand pre-eminent among of forces and opportunities beyond the con- with a top-dressing of pulverized granite. The cost of Michigan avenue drive was two hun- al taste can be consulted or satisfied. Chica- the best of any municipality in the country, trivance of any combination of men to help go is a city of detached houses, in the hum- and every effort is made to make them as or hinder, beyond the need of flaming circu- dred thousand dollars a mile. The cost of the parks and boulevards in each of the three di- bler quarters as well as in the magnificent av- much more effective as possible. This city can lars and reports of boards of trade and pro- enues, and the effect is home-like and beau- cess pictures. It has passed the danger or the visions is met by a tax on the property in that also boast of the University of Chicago, one of tiful at the same time. There is great variety, fear of rivalry, and reached the point where division. The tax is considerable, but the wise the most richly endowed institutions of learn- the growth of any other portion of the great liberality of the citizens has done for the town stone, brick, and wood intermingled, plain and ing in America, with an enrollment of 6,466 ornamental; but drive where you will in the fa- Northwest, or of any city in it (whatever rival- what only royalty usually accomplishes giv- students and 330 instructors in all its branch-

◀ 7 / 9 pt The first line of cars was on State street, between In the early days of Chicago this was undoubtedly Robert Fergus, perhaps the most thorough of practi- Randolph and Twelfth streets, and these commenced the case. It is said that the good die young, but of the cal printers, arrived in Chicago on July 1, 1839. He was 7 / 9.5 pt operations April 25th, 1859. The Madison street line printer it might be remarked “Good printers die poor,” born in the Gallowgate of Glasgow, Scotland, August 7 / 10 pt ▶ was opened May 20th, 1859, and extended from Hal- There may be exceptions, but such as there are on- 14, 1815. At the age of 15 he was apprenticed to the sted to State street. The Randolph street line opened ly prove the rule. printing business, and as a regular indenture in those July 15th, 1859. On the North Side the Wells street All who think along these lines must admit that days meant a practical grounding in the knowledge of line extended from the river to Chicago avenue, and printing has had much to do with the advancement of the art, upon its completion and his setting forth as was opened in the spring of 1859 ; the Clark street our city’s greatness, the lifting of it into the prominent line was opened in August, 1859. The cars on all these a journeyman he possessed a knowledge of his busi- place it now occupies as well as demonstrating to the roads were small and some of them were known as ness such as qualified him to earn a livelihood in any whole world its marvelous history a city without a peer. “bob-tailed cars.” They were all drawn by horses. The part of the world. He was married to Margaret White- WITHOUT PRINTING THERE COULD BE NO driver stood on the front platform in all conditions of head Scott, February, 1836. Mr. Fergus was close- PROGRESS, AS WE UNDERSTAND IT TODAY, OR IT weather and drove his spirited team at the break-neck ly identified with the early history of Chicago in the WOULD BY COMPARISON BE ONLY OF A LIMITED speed of nearly four miles an hour, while the passen- printing world, and was an acknowledged authority on ger sat inside, and if it was wintertime almost froze. ORDER, AND GREAT CENTERS SUCH AS WE HAVE all things pertaining to its early records. All his life he Oh! those cars. What misery they represented in the NOW WOULD BE QUITE IMPOSSIBLE. TAKE PRINT- was identified with printing and publishing. The first winter season! How the passengers were huddled to- ING AWAY FROM OUR PRESENTDAY MODE OF DO- gether a shivering mass of humanity with their feet ING BUSINESS, SHUT UP OUR LIBRARIES AND book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chicago in danger of being frozen, and that too in spite of OBLITERATE BOOKS, AND IMMEDIATELY WE SINK was the Directory of 1844, which was placed upon the the straw so generously supplied by the companies INTO A DEPTH OF DARKNESS THAT WOULD AP- market in the year 1843. This directory was printed by for the benefit of their patrons, and which in a short PALL US TO CONTEMPLATE. Ellis & Fergus. It is said that the earlier directories of

◀ 8 / 10 pt The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chicago was the history-making, “Long John” was certainly one of the conspicuous citi- Directory of 1844. It was placed upon the market in the year 1843. This 8 / 11 pt ▶ zens of Chicago, and, unlike nearly all of the promoters of newspapers Directory was compiled by J. Wellington Norris, and printed by Ellis & of his day, he retired from the journalistic field with a competency, his Fergus, from the Saloon Building, South Water and Clark streets. real estate investments making him a rich man and his natural Yankee The second Directory, prepared similarly to the first, was also com- shrewdness gave him an opportunity which he was not slow to turn piled by Norris. It was printed by James Campbell & Co., Commercial to advantage. Building, 65 Lake street. A ludicrous incident is connected with the com- pilation and printing of this work. The first of Campbell & Co. came to a James J. Langdon was foreman of the Journal office in 1848. He premature dissolution while the Directory was in process of gestation. later went into business with Sterling P. Rounds and aided in establishing Mr. Campbell, who was a man of quick temper, becoming incensed at THE PRINTERS’ CABINET. Mr. Rounds’ entire capital was $5.00. Mr. Norris (the Co.) forcibly ejected him from the office and threatened Mr. Langdon shortly thereafter retired to Prairie du Chien, Wis., and em- to kick him if he looked back. Some gentlemen, subsequently discussing barked in the horse business, but finding that his animals cost him the contention with Mr. Norris, asked him if he emulated the example of more than he could make out of them he returned to Chicago and again Lot’s wife. Norris replied, “No, I didn’t look back.” This unseemly dispute formed a partnership with Mr. Rounds. In December, 1856, there was but severed the copartnership, as in point of fact any copartnership between one other journal in the United States that was devoted exclusively to Mr. Norris, a gentleman “as meek as Moses,” and Campbell, as fiery as a the interest of the art preservative The Typographical Advertiser. Rounds’ Scotch Highlander, was sure to come sooner or later to an abrupt ter- Cabinet was the first of that character in the Northwest, the second in mination. A notice in the Chicago Journal of April 16, 1845, dated April 15, 1845, announced the dissolution of the firm of James Campbell & its date of issue, and the first monthly typographical journal in the Union.

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◀ 9 / 12 pt No story of Chicago would be complete without a short ac- The following is an extract from The Chicago Tribune of Sunday,

9 / 13 pt ▶ count of the great fire of 1871, and nothing can prove more in- October 8, the last issue before the office was destroyed. It is said teresting than the statements of eye witnesses of that scene, to be one of the best descriptions of the scene now accessible: and by these accounts and what history has proved, it stands “Only a few minutes elapsed after the striking of the alarm today as one of the most appalling visitations which the world before the flames were seen sweeping to the sky, and the lurid had ever experienced. There were seventy-three miles of streets light that illuminated the horizon grew more and more powerful, burned and the total loss of property could not have been less casting its brilliant rays in every direction, bringing out in bold re- than $200,000,000.00. The Custom House, the Court House, lief the fronts of the buildings which faced it from all quarters. the Postoffice, the Chamber of Commerce and the great busi- ness blocks, the banks, the theaters and the newspaper offices, The wind, seeming to rise as the flames did, set from the South- all went down together in the awful conflagration. We can form west, carrying with it in its onward rush streams of sparks, cin- some conception of the extent of the buildings and property de- ders and partially burned pieces of wood, which covered the sky stroyed by the space burned over which, on the West Side, em- with dazzling spangles, sweeping northwestward like a flight of braced one hundred and twenty-four acres; South Side, four meteors, but falling steadily in a fiery shower of rain, over that hundred and sixty acres; North Side, one thousand four hun- broad area embraced between the river, the South Branch, Wells dred and seventy acres; making a total area of two thousand one street and Jackson street; the lighter ones going far over on the hundred and twenty-four acres, or nearly three and a half square North Division, while the heavier and more dangerous ones fell miles, being about four miles in length and from one to one and before they reached that point. They dropped with great force a half in width. The number of buildings destroyed was seven- to the ground, to the occasional danger of the foot passenger teen thousand four hundred and fifty, and nearly one hundred and the frightening of horses, and showered upon roofs of build- thousand persons were left homeless. ings, inspiring constant fear that other conflagrations would The conflagration of 1871 wiped out the old Chicago that had been built prior to that time, and from its ashes arose a city of break out, and that a terribly broad area would be covered by such proportions and such grandeur as the world previously had the flames, and put it out of the power of the engines to combat

◀ 10 / 14 pt has no competition in population except in New York and The study of Chicago street names is an interesting pur- 10 / 15 pt ▶ London. London lacks the possibilities of expansion and suit, and it brings to light many a bit of forgotten history. sooner or later will reach the maximum of growth. “The The first survey of Chicago was made in 1830 by James astounding and unparalleled growth of cities in the pres- Thompson, and embraced an area of about three-eighths ent period will help Chicago. The tendency is becoming of a square mile. Besides the garrison at Fort Dearborn, more and more marked for mankind to get in close con- the population did not exceed 100. Three of the boundary tact. Cities today are larger than they ever were before. streets of the village were named after the most promi- The dominance of railroads over the affairs of mankind nent men of the day, the survey showing that Washing- will mean the most rapid growth for Chicago, the great- ton street was the south boundary, Jefferson street the est center of railroads. The railroads of the United States have a higher standard than those abroad. This is a com- west, Kinzie street the north and Dearborn street the east. mercial age. America is the greatest commercial and in- Dearborn street was named after the fort, which in turn dustrial nation. It is rapidly becoming the financial center was named in honor of General Henry Dearborn, Secre- of the world. The time will come when it will also hold the tary of War; Kinzie street took its name from John Kinzie, supremacy in the arts and the sciences that it now does the early white settler, while the others were named af- in commerce. All these things will help to bring Chicago to ter George Washington and Thomas Jefferson. North- the front as the world metropolis.” The growth of popula- ward from Washington street came Randolph, named af- tion in Chicago is shown as follows : ter John Randolph of Roanoke; Lake, after Lake Michigan; Census Population Change Fulton, named after Robert Fulton, whose steamboat, the 1840 4,470 — Claremont, had made its first trip on the Hudson between 1850 29,963 570.3% New York and Albany just twenty-three years before Chi- 1860 112,172 274.4% cago was mapped out; Carroll street, after Charles Carroll 1870 298,977 166.5% of Carrollton, and then Kinzie street. 1880 503,185 68.3%

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120 Wildwood

82 Garfield Ridge

62 Ludington Building

48 Foster House and Stable

40 East Lake Shore Drive District

32 The Baby Huey Story: A Living Legend

24 Columbus Statue Vandalized By Men In Ski Masks

18 Marie’s Classic Car Show Will be a Blast from the Automotive Past

12 If You Haven’t Been to Wrigleyville Since the Postseason, it’s Going to Look Dramatically Different

10 Dog-friendly Print Shop Customer Service / Richard Thaler of the University of Chicago Wins Nobel Prize in Economics

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120 ANZEIGER

82 EVENING POST

62 RAILROAD GAZETTE

48 HERALD OF THE PRAIRIES

40 NORTHWESTERN LUMBERMAN

32 FARMERS VOICE AND RURAL OUTLOOK

24 WE BUY AND SELL JEWELRY DIAMONDS AND COINS

18 AMERICAN CABINET MAKER, UPHOLSTERER AND CARPET REPORTER

12 STOP BLAMING MRS. O’LEARY FOR THE FIRE, CHICAGO REPORTER ADMITTED HE MADE UP THAT STORY

10 FRIDAY IS THE LAST OFFICIAL DAY OF SUMMER. IT’S GOING OUT WITH A BANG / THE ART WALK RUNS NOON TO 6 PM SUNDAY

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◀◀ 6 / 7 pt Under the title of “Studies of the Great This leads me to speak of another feature ARCHITECTURALLY CHICAGO IS MORE INTER- To show the wonderful manner in which the West” there appeared an article in Harper’s of Chicago, which has no rival in this coun- ESTING THAN MANY OLDER CITIES. ITS WEALTH schools of Chicago have increased to keep ◀ 6 / 7.25 pt New Monthly Magazine in May, 1888, by the try; I mean the facility for pleasure driving AND OPPORTUNITY FOR FINE BUILDING COM- pace with its ever-increasing population, late Charles Dudley Warner. This contribu- and riding. Michigan avenue from the mouth ING WHEN OUR NATIONAL TASTE IS BEGIN- it is only necessary to mention that in 1841 6 / 7.5 pt ▶ tion is especially valuable in view of the fact of the river, the centre of the town, is mac- NING TO BE INDIVIDUAL, it has escaped the there were enrolled in the public schools a that Chicago at the time it was written had adamized. It and the other avenues imme- monotony and mediocrity in which New total of 410 pupils, with but five teachers in 6 / 8 pt ▶▶ not yet reached the million mark: “Chica- diately connected with the park system are York for so many years put its money, and go is becoming modest. Perhaps the inhab- all branches. In 1911 there were 304,146 pu- not included in the city street department, out of the sameness of which it is escap- itants may still be able to conceal their mod- pils enrolled, with 6,584 teachers. The ap- but are under the care of the Commissioners ing in spots. Having also plenty of room, Chi- esty, but nevertheless they feel it. The expla- propriation made for the year 1912 was of Parks. No traffic is permitted on them, cago has been able to avoid the block sys- nation is simple. The city has grown not on- and consequently they are in superb con- $17,146,575.00, which means that it cost ly beyond the most sanguine expectations tem in its residences, and to give play to va- dition for driving, summer and winter. The riety and creative genius. It is impossible the city about $56.34 for each child’s train- of those who indulged in the most inflated whole length of Michigan avenue you will nev- hope of its future, but it has grown beyond to do much with the interior of a house in a ing for that period. This does not include ap- er see a loaded team. These roads, that is what they said they expected. This gives the block, however much you may load the front proximately about 75,000 pupils in paro- Michigan avenue and the others of the park citizens pause as it might an eagle that laid with ornament. Confined to a long parallel- chial schools. system, and the park drives, are superb for a roc’s egg.” ogram, and limited as to light and air, nei- There is no question but that the pub- driving or riding, perfectly made for drain- “The fact is, Chicago has become an inde- ther comfort nor individual taste can be con- lic schools of Chicago stand pre-eminent pendent organism, growing by a combination age and permanency, with a top-dressing of pulverized granite. The cost of Michigan av- sulted or satisfied. Chicago is a city of de- among the best of any municipality in the of forces and opportunities beyond the con- tached houses, in the humbler quarters as country, and every effort is made to make trivance of any combination of men to help or enue drive was two hundred thousand dol- lars a mile. The cost of the parks and boule- well as in the magnificent avenues, and the them as much more effective as possible. hinder, beyond the need of flaming circulars effect is home-like and beautiful at the same and reports of boards of trade and process vards in each of the three divisions is met by This city can also boast of the University of time. There is great variety, stone, brick, and pictures. It has passed the danger or the a tax on the property in that division. The tax Chicago, one of the most richly endowed in- fear of rivalry, and reached the point where is considerable, but the wise liberality of the wood intermingled, plain and ornamental; stitutions of learning in America, with an en- but drive where you will in the favorite resi- the growth of any other portion of the great citizens has done for the town what only roy- rollment of 6,466 students and 330 instruc-

◀ 7 / 9 pt The first line of cars was on State street, between In the early days of Chicago this was undoubted- Robert Fergus, perhaps the most thorough of prac- Randolph and Twelfth streets, and these com- ly the case. It is said that the good die young, but of tical printers, arrived in Chicago on July 1, 1839. He 7 / 9.5 pt menced operations April 25th, 1859. The Madison the printer it might be remarked “Good printers die was born in the Gallowgate of Glasgow, Scotland, Au- 7 / 10 pt ▶ street line was opened May 20th, 1859, and extend- poor,” There may be exceptions, but such as there gust 14, 1815. At the age of 15 he was apprenticed to ed from Halsted to State street. The Randolph street are only prove the rule. the printing business, and as a regular indenture in line opened July 15th, 1859. On the North Side the All who think along these lines must admit that those days meant a practical grounding in the knowl- Wells street line extended from the river to Chica- printing has had much to do with the advancement edge of the art, upon its completion and his setting go avenue, and was opened in the spring of 1859 ; the of our city’s greatness, the lifting of it into the prom- Clark street line was opened in August, 1859. The forth as a journeyman he possessed a knowledge of inent place it now occupies as well as demonstrat- cars on all these roads were small and some of them his business such as qualified him to earn a liveli- ing to the whole world its marvelous history a city were known as “bob-tailed cars.” They were all drawn hood in any part of the world. He was married to Mar- without a peer. by horses. The driver stood on the front platform in garet Whitehead Scott, February, 1836. Mr. Fergus WITHOUT PRINTING THERE COULD BE NO PROG- all conditions of weather and drove his spirited team was closely identified with the early history of Chi- RESS, AS WE UNDERSTAND IT TODAY, OR IT WOULD at the break-neck speed of nearly four miles an hour, cago in the printing world, and was an acknowledged while the passenger sat inside, and if it was winter- BY COMPARISON BE ONLY OF A LIMITED ORDER, AND authority on all things pertaining to its early re- time almost froze. Oh! those cars. What misery they GREAT CENTERS SUCH AS WE HAVE NOW WOULD BE cords. All his life he was identified with printing and represented in the winter season! How the passen- QUITE IMPOSSIBLE. TAKE PRINTING AWAY FROM OUR gers were huddled together a shivering mass of hu- PRESENTDAY MODE OF DOING BUSINESS, SHUT UP OUR publishing. The first book compiled, printed, bound manity with their feet in danger of being frozen, and LIBRARIES AND OBLITERATE BOOKS, AND IMMEDIATE- and issued in Chicago was the Directory of 1844, that too in spite of the straw so generously supplied LY WE SINK INTO A DEPTH OF DARKNESS THAT WOULD which was placed upon the market in the year 1843. by the companies for the benefit of their patrons, APPALL US TO CONTEMPLATE. This directory was printed by Ellis & Fergus. It is said

◀ 8 / 10 pt The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chicago was the history-making, “Long John” was certainly one of the conspicuous cit- Directory of 1844. It was placed upon the market in the year 1843. This 8 / 11 pt ▶ izens of Chicago, and, unlike nearly all of the promoters of newspapers Directory was compiled by J. Wellington Norris, and printed by Ellis & of his day, he retired from the journalistic field with a competency, his Fergus, from the Saloon Building, South Water and Clark streets. real estate investments making him a rich man and his natural Yankee The second Directory, prepared similarly to the first, was also com- shrewdness gave him an opportunity which he was not slow to turn to piled by Norris. It was printed by James Campbell & Co., Commercial advantage. Building, 65 Lake street. A ludicrous incident is connected with the compilation and printing of this work. The first of Campbell & Co. came James J. Langdon was foreman of the Journal office in 1848. He lat- to a premature dissolution while the Directory was in process of gesta- er went into business with Sterling P. Rounds and aided in establishing tion. Mr. Campbell, who was a man of quick temper, becoming incensed THE PRINTERS’ CABINET. Mr. Rounds’ entire capital was $5.00. Mr. Lang- at Mr. Norris (the Co.) forcibly ejected him from the office and threat- don shortly thereafter retired to Prairie du Chien, Wis., and embarked ened to kick him if he looked back. Some gentlemen, subsequently dis- in the horse business, but finding that his animals cost him more than cussing the contention with Mr. Norris, asked him if he emulated the he could make out of them he returned to Chicago and again formed a example of Lot’s wife. Norris replied, “No, I didn’t look back.” This un- partnership with Mr. Rounds. In December, 1856, there was but one oth- seemly dispute severed the copartnership, as in point of fact any co- er journal in the United States that was devoted exclusively to the inter- partnership between Mr. Norris, a gentleman “as meek as Moses,” and est of the art preservative The Typographical Advertiser. Rounds’ Cab- Campbell, as fiery as a Scotch Highlander, was sure to come sooner or inet was the first of that character in the Northwest, the second in its later to an abrupt termination. A notice in the Chicago Journal of April 16, 1845, dated April 15, 1845, announced the dissolution of the firm date of issue, and the first monthly typographical journal in the Union.

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◀ 9 / 12 pt No story of Chicago would be complete without a short account The following is an extract from The Chicago Tribune of

9 / 13 pt ▶ of the great fire of 1871, and nothing can prove more interest- Sunday, October 8, the last issue before the office was -de ing than the statements of eye witnesses of that scene, and by stroyed. It is said to be one of the best descriptions of the these accounts and what history has proved, it stands today as scene now accessible: one of the most appalling visitations which the world had ever “Only a few minutes elapsed after the striking of the alarm experienced. There were seventy-three miles of streets burned before the flames were seen sweeping to the sky, and the lu- and the total loss of property could not have been less than rid light that illuminated the horizon grew more and more pow- $200,000,000.00. The Custom House, the Court House, the erful, casting its brilliant rays in every direction, bringing out Postoffice, the Chamber of Commerce and the great business blocks, the banks, the theaters and the newspaper offices, all in bold relief the fronts of the buildings which faced it from all went down together in the awful conflagration. We can form quarters. The wind, seeming to rise as the flames did, set from some conception of the extent of the buildings and proper- the Southwest, carrying with it in its onward rush streams of ty destroyed by the space burned over which, on the West Side, sparks, cinders and partially burned pieces of wood, which embraced one hundred and twenty-four acres; South Side, four covered the sky with dazzling spangles, sweeping northwest- hundred and sixty acres; North Side, one thousand four hun- ward like a flight of meteors, but falling steadily in a fiery show- dred and seventy acres; making a total area of two thousand er of rain, over that broad area embraced between the river, one hundred and twenty-four acres, or nearly three and a half the South Branch, Wells street and Jackson street; the lighter square miles, being about four miles in length and from one to ones going far over on the North Division, while the heavier and one and a half in width. The number of buildings destroyed was more dangerous ones fell before they reached that point. They seventeen thousand four hundred and fifty, and nearly one hun- dropped with great force to the ground, to the occasional dan- dred thousand persons were left homeless. ger of the foot passenger and the frightening of horses, and The conflagration of 1871 wiped out the old Chicago that had been built prior to that time, and from its ashes arose a city showered upon roofs of buildings, inspiring constant fear that of such proportions and such grandeur as the world previously other conflagrations would break out, and that a terribly broad

◀ 10 / 14 pt has no competition in population except in New York and The study of Chicago street names is an interesting pur- 10 / 15 pt ▶ London. London lacks the possibilities of expansion and suit, and it brings to light many a bit of forgotten his- sooner or later will reach the maximum of growth. “The tory. The first survey of Chicago was made in 1830 by astounding and unparalleled growth of cities in the pres- James Thompson, and embraced an area of about three- ent period will help Chicago. The tendency is becoming eighths of a square mile. Besides the garrison at Fort more and more marked for mankind to get in close con- Dearborn, the population did not exceed 100. Three of tact. Cities today are larger than they ever were before. the boundary streets of the village were named after The dominance of railroads over the affairs of mankind the most prominent men of the day, the survey show- will mean the most rapid growth for Chicago, the great- ing that Washington street was the south boundary, Jef- est center of railroads. The railroads of the United States have a higher standard than those abroad. This is a com- ferson street the west, Kinzie street the north and Dear- mercial age. America is the greatest commercial and in- born street the east. Dearborn street was named af- dustrial nation. It is rapidly becoming the financial cen- ter the fort, which in turn was named in honor of General ter of the world. The time will come when it will also hold Henry Dearborn, Secretary of War; Kinzie street took its the supremacy in the arts and the sciences that it now name from John Kinzie, the early white settler, while the does in commerce. All these things will help to bring Chi- others were named after George Washington and Thom- cago to the front as the world metropolis.” The growth of as Jefferson. Northward from Washington street came population in Chicago is shown as follows : Randolph, named after John Randolph of Roanoke; Lake, Census Population Change after Lake Michigan; Fulton, named after Robert Fulton, 1840 4,470 — whose steamboat, the Claremont, had made its first trip 1850 29,963 570.3% on the Hudson between New York and Albany just twen- 1860 112,172 274.4% ty-three years before Chicago was mapped out; Car- 1870 298,977 166.5% roll street, after Charles Carroll of Carrollton, and then 1880 503,185 68.3%

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120 Woodlawn

82 Jefferson Park

62 Manhattan Building

48 Stephen A. Douglas Tomb

40 American System Built Houses

32 Engraved Chicago Marathon Medallion

24 Need a Job? Walk-in Interviews Today In Naperville!

18 Annoyed by Wrigleyville Helicopters? Here’s How to File a Complaint

12 Food, Food and More Food (and a Little Cocktail Action) Tops Our Favorite Events in Chicago This Week

10 Hundreds Of Bars Searchable By Neighborhood And Our Top Recommended Watering Holes In Chicago / Advocate of Peace

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120 OCCIDENT

82 DANVILLE & ICE

62 THE CHERRY CIRCLE

48 GRAIN DEALERS JOURNAL

40 ENGRAVER AND ELECTROTYPER

32 WILD EDGERTON’S WEEKLY EVERGREEN

24 CONTINENTAL ILLINOIS NATIONAL BANK & TRUST CO

18 LOCKSMITH KEY MADE CAR LOCKOUT HOUSE LOCKOUT IGNITION $300

12 CHICAGO JUST HAS TO GET THROUGH TWO MORE 90-DEGREE DAYS BEFORE AUTUMN WEATHER ARRIVES

10 FRIDAY IS THE LAST OFFICIAL DAY OF SUMMER. IT’S GOING OUT WITH A BANG / THE ART WALK RUNS NOON TO 6 PM SUNDAY

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◀◀ 6 / 7 pt Under the title of “Studies of the Great West” This leads me to speak of another feature of ARCHITECTURALLY CHICAGO IS MORE INTER- To show the wonderful manner in which the there appeared an article in Harper’s New Chicago, which has no rival in this country; I ESTING THAN MANY OLDER CITIES. ITS WEALTH schools of Chicago have increased to keep ◀ 6 / 7.25 pt Monthly Magazine in May, 1888, by the late mean the facility for pleasure driving and rid- AND OPPORTUNITY FOR FINE BUILDING COM- pace with its ever-increasing population, it is Charles Dudley Warner. This contribution is es- ing. Michigan avenue from the mouth of the ING WHEN OUR NATIONAL TASTE IS BEGINNING only necessary to mention that in 1841 there 6 / 7.5 pt ▶ pecially valuable in view of the fact that Chi- river, the centre of the town, is macadamized. TO BE INDIVIDUAL, it has escaped the monot- were enrolled in the public schools a total of cago at the time it was written had not yet It and the other avenues immediately connect- ony and mediocrity in which New York for 410 pupils, with but five teachers in all branch- 6 / 8 pt ▶▶ reached the million mark: “Chicago is becom- ed with the park system are not included in so many years put its money, and out of the ing modest. Perhaps the inhabitants may still es. In 1911 there were 304,146 pupils enrolled, the city street department, but are under the sameness of which it is escaping in spots. be able to conceal their modesty, but never- with 6,584 teachers. The appropriation made care of the Commissioners of Parks. No traf- Having also plenty of room, Chicago has been theless they feel it. The explanation is simple. for the year 1912 was $17,146,575.00, which fic is permitted on them, and consequently able to avoid the block system in its residenc- The city has grown not only beyond the most they are in superb condition for driving, sum- means that it cost the city about $56.34 for sanguine expectations of those who indulged es, and to give play to variety and creative ge- mer and winter. The whole length of Michigan nius. It is impossible to do much with the in- each child’s training for that period. This does in the most inflated hope of its future, but it avenue you will never see a loaded team. These has grown beyond what they said they expect- terior of a house in a block, however much not include approximately about 75,000 pupils roads, that is Michigan avenue and the others ed. This gives the citizens pause as it might an you may load the front with ornament. Con- in parochial schools. of the park system, and the park drives, are eagle that laid a roc’s egg.” fined to a long parallelogram, and limited as There is no question but that the public superb for driving or riding, perfectly made for “The fact is, Chicago has become an inde- to light and air, neither comfort nor individu- schools of Chicago stand pre-eminent among drainage and permanency, with a top-dress- pendent organism, growing by a combination al taste can be consulted or satisfied. Chica- the best of any municipality in the coun- of forces and opportunities beyond the con- ing of pulverized granite. The cost of Michigan avenue drive was two hundred thousand dol- go is a city of detached houses, in the hum- try, and every effort is made to make them as trivance of any combination of men to help or bler quarters as well as in the magnificent av- much more effective as possible. This city can hinder, beyond the need of flaming circulars lars a mile. The cost of the parks and boule- vards in each of the three divisions is met by a enues, and the effect is home-like and beau- also boast of the University of Chicago, one of and reports of boards of trade and process tiful at the same time. There is great variety, pictures. It has passed the danger or the fear tax on the property in that division. The tax is the most richly endowed institutions of learn- stone, brick, and wood intermingled, plain and of rivalry, and reached the point where the considerable, but the wise liberality of the cit- ing in America, with an enrollment of 6,466 growth of any other portion of the great North- izens has done for the town what only royal- ornamental; but drive where you will in the fa- students and 330 instructors in all its branch- vorite residence parts of the vast city, you will west, or of any city in it (whatever rivalry that ty usually accomplishes given it magnificent es. It was founded in the year 1892.

◀ 7 / 9 pt The first line of cars was on State street, between Ran- In the early days of Chicago this was undoubtedly Robert Fergus, perhaps the most thorough of practi- dolph and Twelfth streets, and these commenced op- the case. It is said that the good die young, but of the cal printers, arrived in Chicago on July 1, 1839. He was 7 / 9.5 pt erations April 25th, 1859. The Madison street line was printer it might be remarked “Good printers die poor,” born in the Gallowgate of Glasgow, Scotland, August 7 / 10 pt ▶ opened May 20th, 1859, and extended from Halsted There may be exceptions, but such as there are on- 14, 1815. At the age of 15 he was apprenticed to the to State street. The Randolph street line opened Ju- ly prove the rule. printing business, and as a regular indenture in those ly 15th, 1859. On the North Side the Wells street line All who think along these lines must admit that days meant a practical grounding in the knowledge of extended from the river to Chicago avenue, and was printing has had much to do with the advancement of the art, upon its completion and his setting forth as a opened in the spring of 1859 ; the Clark street line was our city’s greatness, the lifting of it into the prominent opened in August, 1859. The cars on all these roads journeyman he possessed a knowledge of his business place it now occupies as well as demonstrating to the were small and some of them were known as “bob- such as qualified him to earn a livelihood in any part whole world its marvelous history a city without a peer. tailed cars.” They were all drawn by horses. The driver of the world. He was married to Margaret Whitehead WITHOUT PRINTING THERE COULD BE NO PROG- stood on the front platform in all conditions of weath- Scott, February, 1836. Mr. Fergus was closely identified RESS, AS WE UNDERSTAND IT TODAY, OR IT WOULD er and drove his spirited team at the break-neck speed with the early history of Chicago in the printing world, BY COMPARISON BE ONLY OF A LIMITED ORDER, AND of nearly four miles an hour, while the passenger and was an acknowledged authority on all things per- sat inside, and if it was wintertime almost froze. Oh! GREAT CENTERS SUCH AS WE HAVE NOW WOULD BE taining to its early records. All his life he was identified those cars. What misery they represented in the win- QUITE IMPOSSIBLE. TAKE PRINTING AWAY FROM OUR with printing and publishing. The first book compiled, ter season! How the passengers were huddled togeth- PRESENTDAY MODE OF DOING BUSINESS, SHUT UP OUR er a shivering mass of humanity with their feet in dan- LIBRARIES AND OBLITERATE BOOKS, AND IMMEDIATELY printed, bound and issued in Chicago was the Directory ger of being frozen, and that too in spite of the straw WE SINK INTO A DEPTH OF DARKNESS THAT WOULD AP- of 1844, which was placed upon the market in the year so generously supplied by the companies for the ben- PALL US TO CONTEMPLATE. 1843. This directory was printed by Ellis & Fergus. It is efit of their patrons, and which in a short time became It is by viewing it in this light that anything that can said that the earlier directories of Chicago were com-

◀ 8 / 10 pt The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chicago was theDi - history-making, “Long John” was certainly one of the conspicuous citi- rectory of 1844. It was placed upon the market in the year 1843. This Di- 8 / 11 pt ▶ zens of Chicago, and, unlike nearly all of the promoters of newspapers rectory was compiled by J. Wellington Norris, and printed by Ellis & Fergus, of his day, he retired from the journalistic field with a competency, his from the Saloon Building, South Water and Clark streets. real estate investments making him a rich man and his natural Yankee The second Directory, prepared similarly to the first, was also com- shrewdness gave him an opportunity which he was not slow to turn to piled by Norris. It was printed by James Campbell & Co., Commercial Build- advantage. ing, 65 Lake street. A ludicrous incident is connected with the compila- tion and printing of this work. The first of Campbell & Co. came to a pre- James J. Langdon was foreman of the Journal office in 1848. He later mature dissolution while the Directory was in process of gestation. Mr. went into business with Sterling P. Rounds and aided in establishing THE Campbell, who was a man of quick temper, becoming incensed at Mr. Nor- PRINTERS’ CABINET. Mr. Rounds’ entire capital was $5.00. Mr. Langdon ris (the Co.) forcibly ejected him from the office and threatened to kick shortly thereafter retired to Prairie du Chien, Wis., and embarked in the him if he looked back. Some gentlemen, subsequently discussing the con- horse business, but finding that his animals cost him more than he could tention with Mr. Norris, asked him if he emulated the example of Lot’s wife. make out of them he returned to Chicago and again formed a partnership Norris replied, “No, I didn’t look back.” This unseemly dispute severed with Mr. Rounds. In December, 1856, there was but one other journal in the the copartnership, as in point of fact any copartnership between Mr. Nor- United States that was devoted exclusively to the interest of the art pre- ris, a gentleman “as meek as Moses,” and Campbell, as fiery as a Scotch servative The Typographical Advertiser. Rounds’ Cabinet was the first of Highlander, was sure to come sooner or later to an abrupt termination. A that character in the Northwest, the second in its date of issue, and the notice in the Chicago Journal of April 16, 1845, dated April 15, 1845, an- nounced the dissolution of the firm of James Campbell & Co., and further first monthly typographical journal in the Union.

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◀ 9 / 12 pt No story of Chicago would be complete without a short account The following is an extract from The Chicago Tribune of Sunday,

9 / 13 pt ▶ of the great fire of 1871, and nothing can prove more interest- October 8, the last issue before the office was destroyed. It is said ing than the statements of eye witnesses of that scene, and by to be one of the best descriptions of the scene now accessible: these accounts and what history has proved, it stands today as “Only a few minutes elapsed after the striking of the alarm one of the most appalling visitations which the world had ever before the flames were seen sweeping to the sky, and the lurid experienced. There were seventy-three miles of streets burned light that illuminated the horizon grew more and more powerful, and the total loss of property could not have been less than casting its brilliant rays in every direction, bringing out in bold re- $200,000,000.00. The Custom House, the Court House, the lief the fronts of the buildings which faced it from all quarters. Postoffice, the Chamber of Commerce and the great business blocks, the banks, the theaters and the newspaper offices, all The wind, seeming to rise as the flames did, set from the South- went down together in the awful conflagration. We can form west, carrying with it in its onward rush streams of sparks, cin- some conception of the extent of the buildings and property de- ders and partially burned pieces of wood, which covered the sky stroyed by the space burned over which, on the West Side, em- with dazzling spangles, sweeping northwestward like a flight of braced one hundred and twenty-four acres; South Side, four hun- meteors, but falling steadily in a fiery shower of rain, over that dred and sixty acres; North Side, one thousand four hundred and broad area embraced between the river, the South Branch, Wells seventy acres; making a total area of two thousand one hundred street and Jackson street; the lighter ones going far over on the and twenty-four acres, or nearly three and a half square miles, North Division, while the heavier and more dangerous ones fell being about four miles in length and from one to one and a half in before they reached that point. They dropped with great force width. The number of buildings destroyed was seventeen thou- to the ground, to the occasional danger of the foot passenger sand four hundred and fifty, and nearly one hundred thousand and the frightening of horses, and showered upon roofs of build- persons were left homeless. ings, inspiring constant fear that other conflagrations would The conflagration of 1871 wiped out the old Chicago that had been built prior to that time, and from its ashes arose a city of break out, and that a terribly broad area would be covered by such proportions and such grandeur as the world previously had the flames, and put it out of the power of the engines to combat

◀ 10 / 14 pt has no competition in population except in New York and The study of Chicago street names is an interesting pur- 10 / 15 pt ▶ London. London lacks the possibilities of expansion and suit, and it brings to light many a bit of forgotten histo- sooner or later will reach the maximum of growth. “The as- ry. The first survey of Chicago was made in 1830 by James tounding and unparalleled growth of cities in the present Thompson, and embraced an area of about three-eighths period will help Chicago. The tendency is becoming more of a square mile. Besides the garrison at Fort Dearborn, and more marked for mankind to get in close contact. Cit- the population did not exceed 100. Three of the boundary ies today are larger than they ever were before. The dom- streets of the village were named after the most promi- inance of railroads over the affairs of mankind will mean nent men of the day, the survey showing that Washington the most rapid growth for Chicago, the greatest center of street was the south boundary, Jefferson street the west, railroads. The railroads of the United States have a high- er standard than those abroad. This is a commercial age. Kinzie street the north and Dearborn street the east. Dear- America is the greatest commercial and industrial nation. born street was named after the fort, which in turn was It is rapidly becoming the financial center of the world. named in honor of General Henry Dearborn, Secretary of The time will come when it will also hold the supremacy in War; Kinzie street took its name from John Kinzie, the ear- the arts and the sciences that it now does in commerce. All ly white settler, while the others were named after George these things will help to bring Chicago to the front as the Washington and Thomas Jefferson. Northward from Wash- world metropolis.” The growth of population in Chicago is ington street came Randolph, named after John Randolph shown as follows : of Roanoke; Lake, after Lake Michigan; Fulton, named af- Census Population Change ter Robert Fulton, whose steamboat, the Claremont, had 1840 4,470 — made its first trip on the Hudson between New York and Al- 1850 29,963 570.3% bany just twenty-three years before Chicago was mapped 1860 112,172 274.4% out; Carroll street, after Charles Carroll of Carrollton, and 1870 298,977 166.5% then Kinzie street. 1880 503,185 68.3%

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120 Stevenson

82 Gladstone Park

62 Washington Heights

48 Blattner & Seidenschwanz

40 Clarence Buckingham Memorial

32 See What Updated Normcore Looks Like

24 Pop Tax: More Commissioners Vow To Vote For Repeal

18 A Small-sized Solution Could be Part of the Plan to Fight a Big Problem

12 Twenty Years After the Influential Monthly Cycling Event Began, Chicago is a Far More Bike-Friendly City

10 Autumn seems to have finally arrived, but the scene of events in Chicago is only heating up with amazing things to do and see.

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120 AMERIKAN

82 THE SYNDICATE

62 EVERYBODY’S PAPER

48 PRESBYTERIAN RECORDER

40 THE WATCHMAN OF THE PRAIRIE

32 AMERICAN FURNITURE MANUFACTURER

24 BANK NOTE REPORTER AND COUNTERFEIT DETECTOR

18 DOG LOVERS NEEDED FOR PROFESSIONAL DAYTIME DOG-WALKING TEAM

12 CAMPFIRE SCREENINGS START FRIDAY WITH “THE BIRDS” AND INCLUDES, OF COURSE, “FRIDAY THE 13TH”

10 TGIF: 18 CHICAGO STORIES TO GET YOU READY FOR THE WEEKEND / GET YOUR PET MICROCHIPPED AND VACCINATED SATURDAY

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◀◀ 6 / 7 pt Under the title of “Studies of the Great West” This leads me to speak of another feature of Chi- ARCHITECTURALLY CHICAGO IS MORE INTEREST- To show the wonderful manner in which the there appeared an article in Harper’s New cago, which has no rival in this country; I mean ING THAN MANY OLDER CITIES. ITS WEALTH AND schools of Chicago have increased to keep pace ◀ 6 / 7.25 pt Monthly Magazine in May, 1888, by the late the facility for pleasure driving and riding. Mich- OPPORTUNITY FOR FINE BUILDING COMING WHEN with its ever-increasing population, it is on- Charles Dudley Warner. This contribution is es- igan avenue from the mouth of the river, the OUR NATIONAL TASTE IS BEGINNING TO BE INDI- ly necessary to mention that in 1841 there were 6 / 7.5 pt ▶ pecially valuable in view of the fact that Chica- centre of the town, is macadamized. It and the VIDUAL, it has escaped the monotony and medi- enrolled in the public schools a total of 410 pu- go at the time it was written had not yet reached other avenues immediately connected with the ocrity in which New York for so many years put pils, with but five teachers in all branches. In 6 / 8 pt ▶▶ the million mark: “Chicago is becoming modest. park system are not included in the city street its money, and out of the sameness of which it Perhaps the inhabitants may still be able to con- 1911 there were 304,146 pupils enrolled, with department, but are under the care of the Com- is escaping in spots. Having also plenty of room, ceal their modesty, but nevertheless they feel 6,584 teachers. The appropriation made for the missioners of Parks. No traffic is permitted on Chicago has been able to avoid the block system it. The explanation is simple. The city has grown year 1912 was $17,146,575.00, which means that them, and consequently they are in superb con- in its residences, and to give play to variety and not only beyond the most sanguine expectations dition for driving, summer and winter. The whole it cost the city about $56.34 for each child’s of those who indulged in the most inflated hope creative genius. It is impossible to do much with length of Michigan avenue you will never see a the interior of a house in a block, however much training for that period. This does not include of its future, but it has grown beyond what they loaded team. These roads, that is Michigan av- said they expected. This gives the citizens pause you may load the front with ornament. Confined approximately about 75,000 pupils in parochi- enue and the others of the park system, and as it might an eagle that laid a roc’s egg.” to a long parallelogram, and limited as to light al schools. the park drives, are superb for driving or rid- “The fact is, Chicago has become an inde- and air, neither comfort nor individual taste can There is no question but that the public ing, perfectly made for drainage and perma- pendent organism, growing by a combination be consulted or satisfied. Chicago is a city of de- schools of Chicago stand pre-eminent among nency, with a top-dressing of pulverized gran- of forces and opportunities beyond the contriv- tached houses, in the humbler quarters as well the best of any municipality in the country, and ance of any combination of men to help or hin- ite. The cost of Michigan avenue drive was two hundred thousand dollars a mile. The cost of the as in the magnificent avenues, and the effect is every effort is made to make them as much more der, beyond the need of flaming circulars and re- home-like and beautiful at the same time. There effective as possible. This city can also boast of ports of boards of trade and process pictures. It parks and boulevards in each of the three divi- sions is met by a tax on the property in that divi- is great variety, stone, brick, and wood intermin- the University of Chicago, one of the most rich- has passed the danger or the fear of rivalry, and gled, plain and ornamental; but drive where you reached the point where the growth of any oth- sion. The tax is considerable, but the wise liber- ly endowed institutions of learning in America, will in the favorite residence parts of the vast er portion of the great Northwest, or of any city ality of the citizens has done for the town what with an enrollment of 6,466 students and 330 in it (whatever rivalry that city may show in in- only royalty usually accomplishes given it mag- city, you will be continually surprised with the instructors in all its branches. It was founded in sight of noble and artistic houses and homes dustries or in commerce), is in some way a con- nificent roads. And if good roads are a criteri- the year 1892.

◀ 7 / 9 pt The first line of cars was on State street, between Ran- In the early days of Chicago this was undoubtedly the Robert Fergus, perhaps the most thorough of practical dolph and Twelfth streets, and these commenced op- case. It is said that the good die young, but of the printer printers, arrived in Chicago on July 1, 1839. He was born 7 / 9.5 pt erations April 25th, 1859. The Madison street line was it might be remarked “Good printers die poor,” There may in the Gallowgate of Glasgow, Scotland, August 14, 1815. 7 / 10 pt ▶ opened May 20th, 1859, and extended from Halsted to be exceptions, but such as there are only prove the rule. At the age of 15 he was apprenticed to the printing busi- State street. The Randolph street line opened July 15th, All who think along these lines must admit that print- ness, and as a regular indenture in those days meant a 1859. On the North Side the Wells street line extended ing has had much to do with the advancement of our practical grounding in the knowledge of the art, upon its from the river to Chicago avenue, and was opened in the city’s greatness, the lifting of it into the prominent place completion and his setting forth as a journeyman he pos- spring of 1859 ; the Clark street line was opened in Au- it now occupies as well as demonstrating to the whole gust, 1859. The cars on all these roads were small and sessed a knowledge of his business such as qualified him world its marvelous history a city without a peer. some of them were known as “bob-tailed cars.” They to earn a livelihood in any part of the world. He was mar- WITHOUT PRINTING THERE COULD BE NO PROGRESS, were all drawn by horses. The driver stood on the front ried to Margaret Whitehead Scott, February, 1836. Mr. AS WE UNDERSTAND IT TODAY, OR IT WOULD BY COMPAR- platform in all conditions of weather and drove his spirit- Fergus was closely identified with the early history of ISON BE ONLY OF A LIMITED ORDER, AND GREAT CENTERS ed team at the break-neck speed of nearly four miles an Chicago in the printing world, and was an acknowledged SUCH AS WE HAVE NOW WOULD BE QUITE IMPOSSIBLE. hour, while the passenger sat inside, and if it was winter- authority on all things pertaining to its early records. time almost froze. Oh! those cars. What misery they rep- TAKE PRINTING AWAY FROM OUR PRESENTDAY MODE OF All his life he was identified with printing and publish- resented in the winter season! How the passengers were DOING BUSINESS, SHUT UP OUR LIBRARIES AND OBLITER- ing. The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in huddled together a shivering mass of humanity with ATE BOOKS, AND IMMEDIATELY WE SINK INTO A DEPTH OF their feet in danger of being frozen, and that too in spite DARKNESS THAT WOULD APPALL US TO CONTEMPLATE. Chicago was the Directory of 1844, which was placed up- of the straw so generously supplied by the companies for It is by viewing it in this light that anything that can on the market in the year 1843. This directory was print- the benefit of their patrons, and which in a short time be said concerning the early printer of Chicago should ed by Ellis & Fergus. It is said that the earlier directo- became so filthy that it was unfit for bedding the beasts prove of interest to every studious mind, and not only ries of Chicago were compiled without copy. The pag-

◀ 8 / 10 pt The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chicago was the Direc- history-making, “Long John” was certainly one of the conspicuous citizens tory of 1844. It was placed upon the market in the year 1843. This Directory 8 / 11 pt ▶ of Chicago, and, unlike nearly all of the promoters of newspapers of his day, was compiled by J. Wellington Norris, and printed by Ellis & Fergus, from the he retired from the journalistic field with a competency, his real estate in- Saloon Building, South Water and Clark streets. vestments making him a rich man and his natural Yankee shrewdness gave The second Directory, prepared similarly to the first, was also compiled him an opportunity which he was not slow to turn to advantage. by Norris. It was printed by James Campbell & Co., Commercial Building, James J. Langdon was foreman of the Journal office in 1848. He lat- 65 Lake street. A ludicrous incident is connected with the compilation and printing of this work. The first of Campbell & Co. came to a premature dis- er went into business with Sterling P. Rounds and aided in establishing THE solution while the Directory was in process of gestation. Mr. Campbell, who PRINTERS’ CABINET. Mr. Rounds’ entire capital was $5.00. Mr. Langdon short- was a man of quick temper, becoming incensed at Mr. Norris (the Co.) forci- ly thereafter retired to Prairie du Chien, Wis., and embarked in the horse bly ejected him from the office and threatened to kick him if he looked back. business, but finding that his animals cost him more than he could make Some gentlemen, subsequently discussing the contention with Mr. Nor- out of them he returned to Chicago and again formed a partnership with ris, asked him if he emulated the example of Lot’s wife. Norris replied, “No, Mr. Rounds. In December, 1856, there was but one other journal in the Unit- I didn’t look back.” This unseemly dispute severed the copartnership, as in ed States that was devoted exclusively to the interest of the art preservative point of fact any copartnership between Mr. Norris, a gentleman “as meek The Typographical Advertiser. Rounds’ Cabinet was the first of that charac- as Moses,” and Campbell, as fiery as a Scotch Highlander, was sure to come ter in the Northwest, the second in its date of issue, and the first monthly ty- sooner or later to an abrupt termination. A notice in the Chicago Journal of pographical journal in the Union. April 16, 1845, dated April 15, 1845, announced the dissolution of the firm of James Campbell & Co., and further that all demands against the same would LANGDON WAS A SKILLFUL WORKMAN AND MANY ANCIENT SPECIMENS

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◀ 9 / 12 pt No story of Chicago would be complete without a short account of The following is an extract from The Chicago Tribune of Sunday, Oc-

9 / 13 pt ▶ the great fire of 1871, and nothing can prove more interesting than tober 8, the last issue before the office was destroyed. It is said to the statements of eye witnesses of that scene, and by these ac- be one of the best descriptions of the scene now accessible: counts and what history has proved, it stands today as one of the “Only a few minutes elapsed after the striking of the alarm be- most appalling visitations which the world had ever experienced. fore the flames were seen sweeping to the sky, and the lurid light There were seventy-three miles of streets burned and the total that illuminated the horizon grew more and more powerful, cast- loss of property could not have been less than $200,000,000.00. ing its brilliant rays in every direction, bringing out in bold relief the The Custom House, the Court House, the Postoffice, the Chamber fronts of the buildings which faced it from all quarters. The wind, of Commerce and the great business blocks, the banks, the the- aters and the newspaper offices, all went down together in the -aw seeming to rise as the flames did, set from the Southwest, carry- ful conflagration. We can form some conception of the extent of the ing with it in its onward rush streams of sparks, cinders and par- buildings and property destroyed by the space burned over which, tially burned pieces of wood, which covered the sky with dazzling on the West Side, embraced one hundred and twenty-four acres; spangles, sweeping northwestward like a flight of meteors, but South Side, four hundred and sixty acres; North Side, one thousand falling steadily in a fiery shower of rain, over that broad area em- four hundred and seventy acres; making a total area of two thou- braced between the river, the South Branch, Wells street and Jack- sand one hundred and twenty-four acres, or nearly three and a half son street; the lighter ones going far over on the North Division, square miles, being about four miles in length and from one to one while the heavier and more dangerous ones fell before they reached and a half in width. The number of buildings destroyed was seven- that point. They dropped with great force to the ground, to the oc- teen thousand four hundred and fifty, and nearly one hundred thou- casional danger of the foot passenger and the frightening of horses, sand persons were left homeless. and showered upon roofs of buildings, inspiring constant fear that The conflagration of 1871 wiped out the old Chicago that had other conflagrations would break out, and that a terribly broad ar- been built prior to that time, and from its ashes arose a city of such proportions and such grandeur as the world previously had never ea would be covered by the flames, and put it out of the power of the seen. At the time of its destruction it was looked upon as one of the engines to combat them.”

◀ 10 / 14 pt has no competition in population except in New York and Lon- The study of Chicago street names is an interesting pursuit, 10 / 15 pt ▶ don. London lacks the possibilities of expansion and soon- and it brings to light many a bit of forgotten history. The first er or later will reach the maximum of growth. “The astound- survey of Chicago was made in 1830 by James Thompson, and ing and unparalleled growth of cities in the present period embraced an area of about three-eighths of a square mile. will help Chicago. The tendency is becoming more and more Besides the garrison at Fort Dearborn, the population did not marked for mankind to get in close contact. Cities today are exceed 100. Three of the boundary streets of the village were larger than they ever were before. The dominance of rail- named after the most prominent men of the day, the survey roads over the affairs of mankind will mean the most rap- showing that Washington street was the south boundary, Jef- id growth for Chicago, the greatest center of railroads. The ferson street the west, Kinzie street the north and Dearborn railroads of the United States have a higher standard than those abroad. This is a commercial age. America is the great- street the east. Dearborn street was named after the fort, est commercial and industrial nation. It is rapidly becoming which in turn was named in honor of General Henry Dear- the financial center of the world. The time will come when it born, Secretary of War; Kinzie street took its name from John will also hold the supremacy in the arts and the sciences that Kinzie, the early white settler, while the others were named it now does in commerce. All these things will help to bring after George Washington and Thomas Jefferson. North- Chicago to the front as the world metropolis.” The growth of ward from Washington street came Randolph, named after population in Chicago is shown as follows : John Randolph of Roanoke; Lake, after Lake Michigan; Ful- Census Population Change ton, named after Robert Fulton, whose steamboat, the Cla- 1840 4,470 — remont, had made its first trip on the Hudson between New 1850 29,963 570.3% York and Albany just twenty-three years before Chicago was 1860 112,172 274.4% mapped out; Carroll street, after Charles Carroll of Carroll- 1870 298,977 166.5% ton, and then Kinzie street. 1880 503,185 68.3% Eastward from Jefferson the streets were named Clinton, 1890 1,099,850 118.6%

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120 Sauganash

82 South Lawndale

62 C. Koehler Table Beer

48 The Best Brewing Company

40 Esther Pauline Friedman Lederer

32 Full Time Self-Storage Associate Needed

24 Historic Lasalle County Sidewalk Brick Pavers For Sale

18 15 Favorite Vegetarian-Friendly Spots That Make it Easy to Hold the Beef

12 October Means Time for Falling Leaves and Fun Events Like Film Fests, Food Fests and the Chicago Marathon

10 Muddy Waters Folk Singer / One of Chicago’s Classic Burger Joints has Designs for Hundreds of New Locations Across the Country

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120 MONTROSE

82 CEMENT WORLD

62 PARK AND CEMETERY

48 CONFECTIONER AND BAKER

40 NATIONAL PRINTER JOURNALIST

32 AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MATERIA MEDICA

24 DEMOCRAT ADVOCATE AND COMMERCIAL ADVERTISER

18 GET MORE CASH FOR YOUR ITEMS THAN IN PAWN & WE CAN COME TO YOU

12 IT WILL COST ABOUT $300,000 TO GIVE EVERY OFFICER THE NASAL SPRAY ANTIDOTE FOR OPIOID OVERDOSES

10 GREAT CHICAGO FIRE KILLED 300, CAUSED MAJOR DAMAGE 146 YEARS AGO / FIRST SELF-SUSTAINING NUCLEAR CHAIN REACTION

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◀◀ 6 / 7 pt Under the title of “Studies of the Great West” This leads me to speak of another feature of Chi- ARCHITECTURALLY CHICAGO IS MORE INTEREST- To show the wonderful manner in which the there appeared an article in Harper’s New Month- cago, which has no rival in this country; I mean ING THAN MANY OLDER CITIES. ITS WEALTH AND schools of Chicago have increased to keep pace ◀ 6 / 7.25 pt ly Magazine in May, 1888, by the late Charles Dud- the facility for pleasure driving and riding. Michi- OPPORTUNITY FOR FINE BUILDING COMING WHEN with its ever-increasing population, it is only nec- ley Warner. This contribution is especially valu- gan avenue from the mouth of the river, the cen- OUR NATIONAL TASTE IS BEGINNING TO BE INDI- essary to mention that in 1841 there were enrolled 6 / 7.5 pt ▶ able in view of the fact that Chicago at the time it tre of the town, is macadamized. It and the oth- VIDUAL, it has escaped the monotony and medioc- in the public schools a total of 410 pupils, with was written had not yet reached the million mark: er avenues immediately connected with the park rity in which New York for so many years put its but five teachers in all branches. In 1911 there 6 / 8 pt ▶▶ “Chicago is becoming modest. Perhaps the in- system are not included in the city street depart- money, and out of the sameness of which it is es- habitants may still be able to conceal their mod- were 304,146 pupils enrolled, with 6,584 teach- ment, but are under the care of the Commission- caping in spots. Having also plenty of room, Chi- esty, but nevertheless they feel it. The explana- ers. The appropriation made for the year 1912 was ers of Parks. No traffic is permitted on them, cago has been able to avoid the block system in tion is simple. The city has grown not only beyond $17,146,575.00, which means that it cost the city and consequently they are in superb condition for its residences, and to give play to variety and cre- the most sanguine expectations of those who in- driving, summer and winter. The whole length of about $56.34 for each child’s training for that pe- dulged in the most inflated hope of its future, but ative genius. It is impossible to do much with the Michigan avenue you will never see a loaded team. interior of a house in a block, however much you riod. This does not include approximately about it has grown beyond what they said they expected. These roads, that is Michigan avenue and the oth- This gives the citizens pause as it might an eagle may load the front with ornament. Confined to a 75,000 pupils in parochial schools. ers of the park system, and the park drives, are that laid a roc’s egg.” long parallelogram, and limited as to light and air, There is no question but that the public schools superb for driving or riding, perfectly made for “The fact is, Chicago has become an inde- neither comfort nor individual taste can be con- of Chicago stand pre-eminent among the best of drainage and permanency, with a top-dressing pendent organism, growing by a combination sulted or satisfied. Chicago is a city of detached any municipality in the country, and every effort of pulverized granite. The cost of Michigan av- of forces and opportunities beyond the contriv- houses, in the humbler quarters as well as in the is made to make them as much more effective as ance of any combination of men to help or hin- enue drive was two hundred thousand dollars a mile. The cost of the parks and boulevards in each magnificent avenues, and the effect is home-like possible. This city can also boast of the Universi- der, beyond the need of flaming circulars and re- and beautiful at the same time. There is great va- ty of Chicago, one of the most richly endowed in- ports of boards of trade and process pictures. It of the three divisions is met by a tax on the prop- erty in that division. The tax is considerable, but riety, stone, brick, and wood intermingled, plain stitutions of learning in America, with an enroll- has passed the danger or the fear of rivalry, and and ornamental; but drive where you will in the reached the point where the growth of any other the wise liberality of the citizens has done for the ment of 6,466 students and 330 instructors in all favorite residence parts of the vast city, you will portion of the great Northwest, or of any city in it town what only royalty usually accomplishes giv- its branches. It was founded in the year 1892. (whatever rivalry that city may show in industries en it magnificent roads. And if good roads are a be continually surprised with the sight of noble The NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY OF EVAN- and artistic houses and homes displaying taste or in commerce), is in some way a contribution to criterion of civilization, Chicago must stand very STON, Illinois, just on the borders of the City of

◀ 7 / 9 pt The first line of cars was on State street, between Ran- In the early days of Chicago this was undoubtedly the case. Robert Fergus, perhaps the most thorough of practical dolph and Twelfth streets, and these commenced opera- It is said that the good die young, but of the printer it printers, arrived in Chicago on July 1, 1839. He was born in 7 / 9.5 pt tions April 25th, 1859. The Madison street line was opened might be remarked “Good printers die poor,” There may be the Gallowgate of Glasgow, Scotland, August 14, 1815. At 7 / 10 pt ▶ May 20th, 1859, and extended from Halsted to State exceptions, but such as there are only prove the rule. the age of 15 he was apprenticed to the printing business, street. The Randolph street line opened July 15th, 1859. On All who think along these lines must admit that print- and as a regular indenture in those days meant a practi- the North Side the Wells street line extended from the riv- ing has had much to do with the advancement of our city’s cal grounding in the knowledge of the art, upon its comple- er to Chicago avenue, and was opened in the spring of 1859 greatness, the lifting of it into the prominent place it now tion and his setting forth as a journeyman he possessed a ; the Clark street line was opened in August, 1859. The occupies as well as demonstrating to the whole world its cars on all these roads were small and some of them were knowledge of his business such as qualified him to earn a marvelous history a city without a peer. known as “bob-tailed cars.” They were all drawn by hors- livelihood in any part of the world. He was married to Mar- WITHOUT PRINTING THERE COULD BE NO PROGRESS, AS es. The driver stood on the front platform in all conditions garet Whitehead Scott, February, 1836. Mr. Fergus was WE UNDERSTAND IT TODAY, OR IT WOULD BY COMPARISON of weather and drove his spirited team at the break-neck closely identified with the early history of Chicago in the BE ONLY OF A LIMITED ORDER, AND GREAT CENTERS SUCH speed of nearly four miles an hour, while the passenger printing world, and was an acknowledged authority on all AS WE HAVE NOW WOULD BE QUITE IMPOSSIBLE. TAKE sat inside, and if it was wintertime almost froze. Oh! those things pertaining to its early records. All his life he was cars. What misery they represented in the winter season! PRINTING AWAY FROM OUR PRESENTDAY MODE OF DO- identified with printing and publishing. The first book com- How the passengers were huddled together a shivering ING BUSINESS, SHUT UP OUR LIBRARIES AND OBLITERATE piled, printed, bound and issued in Chicago was the Direc- mass of humanity with their feet in danger of being frozen, BOOKS, AND IMMEDIATELY WE SINK INTO A DEPTH OF DARK- and that too in spite of the straw so generously supplied by NESS THAT WOULD APPALL US TO CONTEMPLATE. tory of 1844, which was placed upon the market in the year the companies for the benefit of their patrons, and which It is by viewing it in this light that anything that can be 1843. This directory was printed by Ellis & Fergus. It is said in a short time became so filthy that it was unfit for bed- said concerning the early printer of Chicago should prove that the earlier directories of Chicago were compiled with- ding the beasts that hauled the cars. of interest to every studious mind, and not only those who out copy. The pages were held upon the imposing stone and

◀ 8 / 10 pt The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chicago was the Directo- history-making, “Long John” was certainly one of the conspicuous citizens of ry of 1844. It was placed upon the market in the year 1843. This Directory was 8 / 11 pt ▶ Chicago, and, unlike nearly all of the promoters of newspapers of his day, he re- compiled by J. Wellington Norris, and printed by Ellis & Fergus, from the Saloon tired from the journalistic field with a competency, his real estate investments Building, South Water and Clark streets. making him a rich man and his natural Yankee shrewdness gave him an oppor- The second Directory, prepared similarly to the first, was also compiled by tunity which he was not slow to turn to advantage. Norris. It was printed by James Campbell & Co., Commercial Building, 65 Lake James J. Langdon was foreman of the Journal office in 1848. He later went street. A ludicrous incident is connected with the compilation and printing of this work. The first of Campbell & Co. came to a premature dissolution while into business with Sterling P. Rounds and aided in establishing THE PRINTERS’ the Directory was in process of gestation. Mr. Campbell, who was a man of quick CABINET. Mr. Rounds’ entire capital was $5.00. Mr. Langdon shortly thereafter temper, becoming incensed at Mr. Norris (the Co.) forcibly ejected him from the retired to Prairie du Chien, Wis., and embarked in the horse business, but find- office and threatened to kick him if he looked back. Some gentlemen, subse- ing that his animals cost him more than he could make out of them he returned quently discussing the contention with Mr. Norris, asked him if he emulated the to Chicago and again formed a partnership with Mr. Rounds. In December, example of Lot’s wife. Norris replied, “No, I didn’t look back.” This unseemly dis- 1856, there was but one other journal in the United States that was devoted ex- pute severed the copartnership, as in point of fact any copartnership between clusively to the interest of the art preservative The Typographical Advertiser. Mr. Norris, a gentleman “as meek as Moses,” and Campbell, as fiery as a Scotch Rounds’ Cabinet was the first of that character in the Northwest, the second in Highlander, was sure to come sooner or later to an abrupt termination. A no- its date of issue, and the first monthly typographical journal in the Union. tice in the Chicago Journal of April 16, 1845, dated April 15, 1845, announced LANGDON WAS A SKILLFUL WORKMAN AND MANY ANCIENT SPECIMENS the dissolution of the firm of James Campbell & Co., and further that all de- mands against the same would be settled by James Campbell, to whom all mon- BEARING THE IMPRINT OF ROUNDS & LANGDON, WHOSE ESTABLISHMENT WAS

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◀ 9 / 12 pt No story of Chicago would be complete without a short account of the The following is an extract from The Chicago Tribune of Sunday, Octo-

9 / 13 pt ▶ great fire of 1871, and nothing can prove more interesting than the ber 8, the last issue before the office was destroyed. It is said to be one statements of eye witnesses of that scene, and by these accounts and of the best descriptions of the scene now accessible: what history has proved, it stands today as one of the most appalling “Only a few minutes elapsed after the striking of the alarm before visitations which the world had ever experienced. There were seventy- the flames were seen sweeping to the sky, and the lurid light that il- three miles of streets burned and the total loss of property could not luminated the horizon grew more and more powerful, casting its bril- have been less than $200,000,000.00. The Custom House, the Court liant rays in every direction, bringing out in bold relief the fronts of the House, the Postoffice, the Chamber of Commerce and the great busi- buildings which faced it from all quarters. The wind, seeming to rise ness blocks, the banks, the theaters and the newspaper offices, all went down together in the awful conflagration. We can form some con- as the flames did, set from the Southwest, carrying with it in its on- ception of the extent of the buildings and property destroyed by the ward rush streams of sparks, cinders and partially burned pieces of space burned over which, on the West Side, embraced one hundred and wood, which covered the sky with dazzling spangles, sweeping north- twenty-four acres; South Side, four hundred and sixty acres; North westward like a flight of meteors, but falling steadily in a fiery show- Side, one thousand four hundred and seventy acres; making a to- er of rain, over that broad area embraced between the river, the South tal area of two thousand one hundred and twenty-four acres, or near- Branch, Wells street and Jackson street; the lighter ones going far ly three and a half square miles, being about four miles in length and over on the North Division, while the heavier and more dangerous ones from one to one and a half in width. The number of buildings destroyed fell before they reached that point. They dropped with great force to was seventeen thousand four hundred and fifty, and nearly one hun- the ground, to the occasional danger of the foot passenger and the dred thousand persons were left homeless. frightening of horses, and showered upon roofs of buildings, inspir- The conflagration of 1871 wiped out the old Chicago that had been ing constant fear that other conflagrations would break out, and that built prior to that time, and from its ashes arose a city of such pro- a terribly broad area would be covered by the flames, and put it out of portions and such grandeur as the world previously had never seen. At the time of its destruction it was looked upon as one of the great- the power of the engines to combat them.” est calamities visited upon mankind, but the ultimate effect was to di- “Late as it was, the splendor of the flames and the wonderful bril-

◀ 10 / 14 pt has no competition in population except in New York and Lon- The study of Chicago street names is an interesting pursuit, 10 / 15 pt ▶ don. London lacks the possibilities of expansion and sooner or and it brings to light many a bit of forgotten history. The first later will reach the maximum of growth. “The astounding and survey of Chicago was made in 1830 by James Thompson, and unparalleled growth of cities in the present period will help Chi- embraced an area of about three-eighths of a square mile. Be- cago. The tendency is becoming more and more marked for sides the garrison at Fort Dearborn, the population did not ex- mankind to get in close contact. Cities today are larger than ceed 100. Three of the boundary streets of the village were they ever were before. The dominance of railroads over the af- named after the most prominent men of the day, the sur- fairs of mankind will mean the most rapid growth for Chica- vey showing that Washington street was the south boundary, go, the greatest center of railroads. The railroads of the United Jefferson street the west, Kinzie street the north and Dear- States have a higher standard than those abroad. This is a com- mercial age. America is the greatest commercial and industrial born street the east. Dearborn street was named after the nation. It is rapidly becoming the financial center of the world. fort, which in turn was named in honor of General Henry Dear- The time will come when it will also hold the supremacy in the born, Secretary of War; Kinzie street took its name from John arts and the sciences that it now does in commerce. All these Kinzie, the early white settler, while the others were named af- things will help to bring Chicago to the front as the world me- ter George Washington and Thomas Jefferson. Northward from tropolis.” The growth of population in Chicago is shown as fol- Washington street came Randolph, named after John Ran- lows : dolph of Roanoke; Lake, after Lake Michigan; Fulton, named Census Population Change after Robert Fulton, whose steamboat, the Claremont, had 1840 4,470 — made its first trip on the Hudson between New York and Albany 1850 29,963 570.3% just twenty-three years before Chicago was mapped out; Car- 1860 112,172 274.4% roll street, after Charles Carroll of Carrollton, and then Kinzie 1870 298,977 166.5% street. 1880 503,185 68.3% Eastward from Jefferson the streets were named Clinton, 1890 1,099,850 118.6%

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120 Kensington

82 Budd Boetticher

62 Marion Mahony Griffin

48 South Shore Cultural Center

40 Marshfield Trust and Savings Bank

32 Sun Ra And His Arkestra Super-Sonic Jazz

24 TGIF: 9 Stories To Make You Smile After A Looooong Week

18 Check Out all of the Colorful Painted Boats Lining the Streets of Greektown

12 Cat Videos, Wine, In-the-Round Rock, Dance, Live Lit, Found Film and More—Lots of Amazing Events to Check Out

10 Tech training couldn’t help this Chicago Marathon runner beat the heat / Monarch Butterflies Flying High This Year After Recent Decline

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120 SPECTATOR

82 BERLINER WEISS

62 PRACTICAL ENGINEER

48 NATIONAL HARNESS REVIEW

40 THE SOUTH CHICAGO ADVERTISER

32 DAILY COMMERCIAL REPORT AND MARKET

24 LAKE SHORE & MICHIGAN SOUTHERN RAILWAY BRIDGES

18 BEARS LINEBACKER SUSPENDED AFTER ILLEGAL HIT HOSPITALIZES PLAYER

12 A BLACK CAT PARTY THE WEEKEND OF HALLOWEEN, WITH EVERYONE DRESSING UP AS A BLACK CAT, IS PLANNED

10 THIS WEEKEND WILL BE COOLER, WITH TEMPERATURES IN THE 60S AND LOW 70S / NORTH AMERICAN SPIRIT AND WINE TRADE REVIEW

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◀◀ 6 / 7 pt Under the title of “Studies of the Great West” there This leads me to speak of another feature of Chica- ARCHITECTURALLY CHICAGO IS MORE INTERESTING To show the wonderful manner in which the schools appeared an article in Harper’s New Monthly Mag- go, which has no rival in this country; I mean the fa- THAN MANY OLDER CITIES. ITS WEALTH AND OP- of Chicago have increased to keep pace with its ev- ◀ 6 / 7.25 pt azine in May, 1888, by the late Charles Dudley War- cility for pleasure driving and riding. Michigan av- PORTUNITY FOR FINE BUILDING COMING WHEN OUR er-increasing population, it is only necessary to ner. This contribution is especially valuable in view enue from the mouth of the river, the centre of the NATIONAL TASTE IS BEGINNING TO BE INDIVIDU- mention that in 1841 there were enrolled in the pub- 6 / 7.5 pt ▶ of the fact that Chicago at the time it was writ- town, is macadamized. It and the other avenues im- AL, it has escaped the monotony and mediocrity in lic schools a total of 410 pupils, with but five teach- ten had not yet reached the million mark: “Chicago mediately connected with the park system are not which New York for so many years put its money, ers in all branches. In 1911 there were 304,146 pu- 6 / 8 pt ▶▶ is becoming modest. Perhaps the inhabitants may included in the city street department, but are un- and out of the sameness of which it is escaping in still be able to conceal their modesty, but neverthe- pils enrolled, with 6,584 teachers. The appropri- der the care of the Commissioners of Parks. No spots. Having also plenty of room, Chicago has been less they feel it. The explanation is simple. The city ation made for the year 1912 was $17,146,575.00, traffic is permitted on them, and consequently they able to avoid the block system in its residences, and has grown not only beyond the most sanguine ex- which means that it cost the city about $56.34 for are in superb condition for driving, summer and to give play to variety and creative genius. It is im- pectations of those who indulged in the most inflat- winter. The whole length of Michigan avenue you each child’s training for that period. This does not ed hope of its future, but it has grown beyond what possible to do much with the interior of a house in will never see a loaded team. These roads, that is a block, however much you may load the front with include approximately about 75,000 pupils in pa- they said they expected. This gives the citizens Michigan avenue and the others of the park system, pause as it might an eagle that laid a roc’s egg.” ornament. Confined to a long parallelogram, and rochial schools. and the park drives, are superb for driving or rid- “The fact is, Chicago has become an indepen- limited as to light and air, neither comfort nor indi- There is no question but that the public schools ing, perfectly made for drainage and permanency, dent organism, growing by a combination of forc- vidual taste can be consulted or satisfied. Chicago of Chicago stand pre-eminent among the best of with a top-dressing of pulverized granite. The cost es and opportunities beyond the contrivance of any is a city of detached houses, in the humbler quar- any municipality in the country, and every effort of Michigan avenue drive was two hundred thou- combination of men to help or hinder, beyond the ters as well as in the magnificent avenues, and the is made to make them as much more effective as need of flaming circulars and reports of boards of sand dollars a mile. The cost of the parks and bou- levards in each of the three divisions is met by a tax effect is home-like and beautiful at the same time. possible. This city can also boast of the Universi- trade and process pictures. It has passed the dan- There is great variety, stone, brick, and wood in- ty of Chicago, one of the most richly endowed in- ger or the fear of rivalry, and reached the point on the property in that division. The tax is consider- able, but the wise liberality of the citizens has done termingled, plain and ornamental; but drive where stitutions of learning in America, with an enroll- where the growth of any other portion of the great you will in the favorite residence parts of the vast Northwest, or of any city in it (whatever rivalry that for the town what only royalty usually accomplish- ment of 6,466 students and 330 instructors in all city, you will be continually surprised with the sight city may show in industries or in commerce), is in es given it magnificent roads. And if good roads are its branches. It was founded in the year 1892. some way a contribution to the power and wealth a criterion of civilization, Chicago must stand very of noble and artistic houses and homes displaying The NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY OF EVAN- taste as well as luxury. of Chicago. To them that have shall be given. Cit- high. But it needed a community with a great deal STON, Illinois, just on the borders of the City of Chi-

◀ 7 / 9 pt The first line of cars was on State street, between Randolph In the early days of Chicago this was undoubtedly the case. It Robert Fergus, perhaps the most thorough of practical print- and Twelfth streets, and these commenced operations April is said that the good die young, but of the printer it might be ers, arrived in Chicago on July 1, 1839. He was born in the 7 / 9.5 pt 25th, 1859. The Madison street line was opened May 20th, remarked “Good printers die poor,” There may be exceptions, Gallowgate of Glasgow, Scotland, August 14, 1815. At the age 7 / 10 pt ▶ 1859, and extended from Halsted to State street. The Ran- but such as there are only prove the rule. of 15 he was apprenticed to the printing business, and as a dolph street line opened July 15th, 1859. On the North Side All who think along these lines must admit that print- regular indenture in those days meant a practical grounding the Wells street line extended from the river to Chicago ave- ing has had much to do with the advancement of our city’s in the knowledge of the art, upon its completion and his set- nue, and was opened in the spring of 1859 ; the Clark street greatness, the lifting of it into the prominent place it now ting forth as a journeyman he possessed a knowledge of his line was opened in August, 1859. The cars on all these roads occupies as well as demonstrating to the whole world its were small and some of them were known as “bob-tailed business such as qualified him to earn a livelihood in any part marvelous history a city without a peer. cars.” They were all drawn by horses. The driver stood on of the world. He was married to Margaret Whitehead Scott, WITHOUT PRINTING THERE COULD BE NO PROGRESS, AS the front platform in all conditions of weather and drove his February, 1836. Mr. Fergus was closely identified with the WE UNDERSTAND IT TODAY, OR IT WOULD BY COMPARISON spirited team at the break-neck speed of nearly four miles early history of Chicago in the printing world, and was an ac- BE ONLY OF A LIMITED ORDER, AND GREAT CENTERS SUCH AS an hour, while the passenger sat inside, and if it was winter- knowledged authority on all things pertaining to its early re- WE HAVE NOW WOULD BE QUITE IMPOSSIBLE. TAKE PRINT- time almost froze. Oh! those cars. What misery they repre- cords. All his life he was identified with printing and pub- sented in the winter season! How the passengers were hud- ING AWAY FROM OUR PRESENTDAY MODE OF DOING BUSI- lishing. The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued dled together a shivering mass of humanity with their feet in NESS, SHUT UP OUR LIBRARIES AND OBLITERATE BOOKS, in Chicago was the Directory of 1844, which was placed up- danger of being frozen, and that too in spite of the straw so AND IMMEDIATELY WE SINK INTO A DEPTH OF DARKNESS generously supplied by the companies for the benefit of their THAT WOULD APPALL US TO CONTEMPLATE. on the market in the year 1843. This directory was printed patrons, and which in a short time became so filthy that it It is by viewing it in this light that anything that can be by Ellis & Fergus. It is said that the earlier directories of Chi- was unfit for bedding the beasts that hauled the cars. said concerning the early printer of Chicago should prove of cago were compiled without copy. The pages were held upon The car drivers’ life in those days, and, for the matter of interest to every studious mind, and not only those who are the imposing stone and when a newcomer arrived his name,

◀ 8 / 10 pt The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chicago was theDirectory history-making, “Long John” was certainly one of the conspicuous citizens of Chi- of 1844. It was placed upon the market in the year 1843. This Directory was com- 8 / 11 pt ▶ cago, and, unlike nearly all of the promoters of newspapers of his day, he retired piled by J. Wellington Norris, and printed by Ellis & Fergus, from the Saloon Build- from the journalistic field with a competency, his real estate investments making ing, South Water and Clark streets. him a rich man and his natural Yankee shrewdness gave him an opportunity which The second Directory, prepared similarly to the first, was also compiled by he was not slow to turn to advantage. Norris. It was printed by James Campbell & Co., Commercial Building, 65 Lake James J. Langdon was foreman of the Journal office in 1848. He later went street. A ludicrous incident is connected with the compilation and printing of this work. The first of Campbell & Co. came to a premature dissolution while the Di- into business with Sterling P. Rounds and aided in establishing THE PRINTERS’ rectory was in process of gestation. Mr. Campbell, who was a man of quick temper, CABINET. Mr. Rounds’ entire capital was $5.00. Mr. Langdon shortly thereafter becoming incensed at Mr. Norris (the Co.) forcibly ejected him from the office and retired to Prairie du Chien, Wis., and embarked in the horse business, but find- threatened to kick him if he looked back. Some gentlemen, subsequently discuss- ing that his animals cost him more than he could make out of them he returned ing the contention with Mr. Norris, asked him if he emulated the example of Lot’s to Chicago and again formed a partnership with Mr. Rounds. In December, 1856, wife. Norris replied, “No, I didn’t look back.” This unseemly dispute severed the co- there was but one other journal in the United States that was devoted exclusively partnership, as in point of fact any copartnership between Mr. Norris, a gentle- to the interest of the art preservative The Typographical Advertiser. Rounds’ Cab- man “as meek as Moses,” and Campbell, as fiery as a Scotch Highlander, was sure inet was the first of that character in the Northwest, the second in its date of is- to come sooner or later to an abrupt termination. A notice in the Chicago Jour- sue, and the first monthly typographical journal in the Union. nal of April 16, 1845, dated April 15, 1845, announced the dissolution of the firm LANGDON WAS A SKILLFUL WORKMAN AND MANY ANCIENT SPECIMENS BEAR- of James Campbell & Co., and further that all demands against the same would be settled by James Campbell, to whom all money due said firm must be paid. Mr. ING THE IMPRINT OF ROUNDS & LANGDON, WHOSE ESTABLISHMENT WAS THEN

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◀ 9 / 12 pt No story of Chicago would be complete without a short account of the The following is an extract from The Chicago Tribune of Sunday, October

9 / 13 pt ▶ great fire of 1871, and nothing can prove more interesting than the 8, the last issue before the office was destroyed. It is said to be one of statements of eye witnesses of that scene, and by these accounts and the best descriptions of the scene now accessible: what history has proved, it stands today as one of the most appall- “Only a few minutes elapsed after the striking of the alarm before ing visitations which the world had ever experienced. There were sev- the flames were seen sweeping to the sky, and the lurid light that illumi- enty-three miles of streets burned and the total loss of property could nated the horizon grew more and more powerful, casting its brilliant rays not have been less than $200,000,000.00. The Custom House, the Court in every direction, bringing out in bold relief the fronts of the buildings House, the Postoffice, the Chamber of Commerce and the great busi- which faced it from all quarters. The wind, seeming to rise as the flames ness blocks, the banks, the theaters and the newspaper offices, all went down together in the awful conflagration. We can form some concep- did, set from the Southwest, carrying with it in its onward rush streams tion of the extent of the buildings and property destroyed by the space of sparks, cinders and partially burned pieces of wood, which covered the burned over which, on the West Side, embraced one hundred and twen- sky with dazzling spangles, sweeping northwestward like a flight of me- ty-four acres; South Side, four hundred and sixty acres; North Side, one teors, but falling steadily in a fiery shower of rain, over that broad ar- thousand four hundred and seventy acres; making a total area of two ea embraced between the river, the South Branch, Wells street and Jack- thousand one hundred and twenty-four acres, or nearly three and a half son street; the lighter ones going far over on the North Division, while square miles, being about four miles in length and from one to one and the heavier and more dangerous ones fell before they reached that point. a half in width. The number of buildings destroyed was seventeen thou- They dropped with great force to the ground, to the occasional danger sand four hundred and fifty, and nearly one hundred thousand persons of the foot passenger and the frightening of horses, and showered up- were left homeless. on roofs of buildings, inspiring constant fear that other conflagrations The conflagration of 1871 wiped out the old Chicago that had been would break out, and that a terribly broad area would be covered by the built prior to that time, and from its ashes arose a city of such propor- flames, and put it out of the power of the engines to combat them.” tions and such grandeur as the world previously had never seen. At the time of its destruction it was looked upon as one of the greatest calami- “Late as it was, the splendor of the flames and the wonderful bril- ties visited upon mankind, but the ultimate effect was to direct the eyes liancy of the sky were such as to attract enormous crowds from every

◀ 10 / 14 pt has no competition in population except in New York and London. The study of Chicago street names is an interesting pursuit, and 10 / 15 pt ▶ London lacks the possibilities of expansion and sooner or later it brings to light many a bit of forgotten history. The first sur- will reach the maximum of growth. “The astounding and unparal- vey of Chicago was made in 1830 by James Thompson, and em- leled growth of cities in the present period will help Chicago. The braced an area of about three-eighths of a square mile. Besides tendency is becoming more and more marked for mankind to get the garrison at Fort Dearborn, the population did not exceed in close contact. Cities today are larger than they ever were be- 100. Three of the boundary streets of the village were named af- fore. The dominance of railroads over the affairs of mankind will ter the most prominent men of the day, the survey showing that mean the most rapid growth for Chicago, the greatest center of Washington street was the south boundary, Jefferson street the railroads. The railroads of the United States have a higher stan- west, Kinzie street the north and Dearborn street the east. Dear- dard than those abroad. This is a commercial age. America is the greatest commercial and industrial nation. It is rapidly becom- born street was named after the fort, which in turn was named in ing the financial center of the world. The time will come when it honor of General Henry Dearborn, Secretary of War; Kinzie street will also hold the supremacy in the arts and the sciences that it took its name from John Kinzie, the early white settler, while the now does in commerce. All these things will help to bring Chicago others were named after George Washington and Thomas Jeffer- to the front as the world metropolis.” The growth of population in son. Northward from Washington street came Randolph, named Chicago is shown as follows : after John Randolph of Roanoke; Lake, after Lake Michigan; Ful- Census Population Change ton, named after Robert Fulton, whose steamboat, the Clare- 1840 4,470 — mont, had made its first trip on the Hudson between New York 1850 29,963 570.3% and Albany just twenty-three years before Chicago was mapped 1860 112,172 274.4% out; Carroll street, after Charles Carroll of Carrollton, and then 1870 298,977 166.5% Kinzie street. 1880 503,185 68.3% Eastward from Jefferson the streets were named Clinton, af- 1890 1,099,850 118.6% ter DeWitt Clinton, chief promoter of the Erie Canal; Canal, after The present area of the city is 204 square miles. This is divid-

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120 Wacławowo

82 Peacock Brewery

62 Shedd Park Fieldhouse

48 Pennsylvania Railroad Bridge

40 Ed Thielepape Premium Lager Beer

32 Spring Garage Door Install & Repair In Joliet

24 Measure To Require Hotels To Have Defibrillators Advances

18 Developer of Boutique Converted Church Condo in Logan Square Asks $500k

12 Attention Streetwear and Sneaker Freaks: A Highly Anticipated Shoe Shop Doubles as a Love Letter to the Windy City

10 Rapper Cancels Shows After Saying He Didn’t Need Eclipse Glasses / Java and Sumatra are currently on display at the city’s Botanic Garden

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120 WATCHMAN

82 ADMINISTRATION

62 CHICAGO LEGAL NEWS

48 RAILWAY MASTER MECHANIC

40 FRANK LESLIE’S CHIMNEY CORNER

32 AMERICAN HORSE-SHOER AND HARDWARE

24 LOOKING FOR UNWANTED BOOKS, PAPER, & OTHER ITEMS

18 $2.5 MILLION UP FOR GRABS IN CITY PUSH TO INVEST IN SOUTH, WEST SIDES

12 A LETTER TO MEMBERS PROMISED THAT “YOUR BILLING FOR THIS LAST MONTH WILL BE REDUCED AND PRORATED.”

10 THE CHICAGO HISTORY MUSEUM WILL GRANT FREE ADMISSION TO 13- AND 14-YEAR-OLDS / CHICAGO, ROCK ISLAND, & PACIFIC RAILROAD

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◀◀ 6 / 7 pt Under the title of “Studies of the Great West” there This leads me to speak of another feature of Chica- ARCHITECTURALLY CHICAGO IS MORE INTERESTING To show the wonderful manner in which the schools appeared an article in Harper’s New Monthly Mag- go, which has no rival in this country; I mean the fa- THAN MANY OLDER CITIES. ITS WEALTH AND OPPOR- of Chicago have increased to keep pace with its ever- ◀ 6 / 7.25 pt azine in May, 1888, by the late Charles Dudley War- cility for pleasure driving and riding. Michigan avenue TUNITY FOR FINE BUILDING COMING WHEN OUR NA- increasing population, it is only necessary to mention ner. This contribution is especially valuable in view of from the mouth of the river, the centre of the town, is TIONAL TASTE IS BEGINNING TO BE INDIVIDUAL, it that in 1841 there were enrolled in the public schools 6 / 7.5 pt ▶ the fact that Chicago at the time it was written had macadamized. It and the other avenues immediate- has escaped the monotony and mediocrity in which a total of 410 pupils, with but five teachers in all not yet reached the million mark: “Chicago is becom- ly connected with the park system are not included in New York for so many years put its money, and out branches. In 1911 there were 304,146 pupils enrolled, 6 / 8 pt ▶▶ ing modest. Perhaps the inhabitants may still be able the city street department, but are under the care of of the sameness of which it is escaping in spots. to conceal their modesty, but nevertheless they feel with 6,584 teachers. The appropriation made for the the Commissioners of Parks. No traffic is permitted Having also plenty of room, Chicago has been able to it. The explanation is simple. The city has grown not year 1912 was $17,146,575.00, which means that it on them, and consequently they are in superb condi- avoid the block system in its residences, and to give only beyond the most sanguine expectations of those cost the city about $56.34 for each child’s training tion for driving, summer and winter. The whole length play to variety and creative genius. It is impossible to who indulged in the most inflated hope of its future, of Michigan avenue you will never see a loaded team. for that period. This does not include approximately but it has grown beyond what they said they expect- do much with the interior of a house in a block, how- These roads, that is Michigan avenue and the others ever much you may load the front with ornament. about 75,000 pupils in parochial schools. ed. This gives the citizens pause as it might an eagle of the park system, and the park drives, are superb that laid a roc’s egg.” Confined to a long parallelogram, and limited as to There is no question but that the public schools for driving or riding, perfectly made for drainage and “The fact is, Chicago has become an independent light and air, neither comfort nor individual taste of Chicago stand pre-eminent among the best of any permanency, with a top-dressing of pulverized gran- organism, growing by a combination of forces and op- can be consulted or satisfied. Chicago is a city of de- municipality in the country, and every effort is made ite. The cost of Michigan avenue drive was two hun- portunities beyond the contrivance of any combi- tached houses, in the humbler quarters as well as in to make them as much more effective as possible. dred thousand dollars a mile. The cost of the parks nation of men to help or hinder, beyond the need of the magnificent avenues, and the effect is home-like This city can also boast of the University of Chicago, flaming circulars and reports of boards of trade and and boulevards in each of the three divisions is met by a tax on the property in that division. The tax is con- and beautiful at the same time. There is great vari- one of the most richly endowed institutions of learn- process pictures. It has passed the danger or the fear ety, stone, brick, and wood intermingled, plain and or- ing in America, with an enrollment of 6,466 students of rivalry, and reached the point where the growth of siderable, but the wise liberality of the citizens has done for the town what only royalty usually accom- namental; but drive where you will in the favorite res- and 330 instructors in all its branches. It was founded any other portion of the great Northwest, or of any idence parts of the vast city, you will be continually city in it (whatever rivalry that city may show in in- plishes given it magnificent roads. And if good roads in the year 1892. surprised with the sight of noble and artistic houses dustries or in commerce), is in some way a contribu- are a criterion of civilization, Chicago must stand The NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY OF EVANSTON, tion to the power and wealth of Chicago. To them that very high. But it needed a community with a great and homes displaying taste as well as luxury. Illinois, just on the borders of the City of Chicago, is In addition to the business and public buildings have shall be given. Cities, under favoring conditions, deal of dating and confidence in the future to create also another richly endowed institution of learning,

◀ 7 / 9 pt The first line of cars was on State street, between Randolph In the early days of Chicago this was undoubtedly the case. It is Robert Fergus, perhaps the most thorough of practical print- and Twelfth streets, and these commenced operations April said that the good die young, but of the printer it might be re- ers, arrived in Chicago on July 1, 1839. He was born in the Gal- 7 / 9.5 pt 25th, 1859. The Madison street line was opened May 20th, marked “Good printers die poor,” There may be exceptions, but lowgate of Glasgow, Scotland, August 14, 1815. At the age of 7 / 10 pt ▶ 1859, and extended from Halsted to State street. The Ran- such as there are only prove the rule. 15 he was apprenticed to the printing business, and as a reg- dolph street line opened July 15th, 1859. On the North Side the All who think along these lines must admit that printing ular indenture in those days meant a practical grounding in Wells street line extended from the river to Chicago avenue, has had much to do with the advancement of our city’s great- the knowledge of the art, upon its completion and his setting and was opened in the spring of 1859 ; the Clark street line ness, the lifting of it into the prominent place it now occupies forth as a journeyman he possessed a knowledge of his busi- was opened in August, 1859. The cars on all these roads were as well as demonstrating to the whole world its marvelous his- small and some of them were known as “bob-tailed cars.” They ness such as qualified him to earn a livelihood in any part of tory a city without a peer. were all drawn by horses. The driver stood on the front plat- the world. He was married to Margaret Whitehead Scott, Feb- WITHOUT PRINTING THERE COULD BE NO PROGRESS, AS form in all conditions of weather and drove his spirited team ruary, 1836. Mr. Fergus was closely identified with the early his- WE UNDERSTAND IT TODAY, OR IT WOULD BY COMPARISON at the break-neck speed of nearly four miles an hour, while the tory of Chicago in the printing world, and was an acknowledged BE ONLY OF A LIMITED ORDER, AND GREAT CENTERS SUCH AS passenger sat inside, and if it was wintertime almost froze. Oh! authority on all things pertaining to its early records. All his life WE HAVE NOW WOULD BE QUITE IMPOSSIBLE. TAKE PRINTING those cars. What misery they represented in the winter season! he was identified with printing and publishing. The first book How the passengers were huddled together a shivering mass AWAY FROM OUR PRESENTDAY MODE OF DOING BUSINESS, compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chicago was the Direc- of humanity with their feet in danger of being frozen, and that SHUT UP OUR LIBRARIES AND OBLITERATE BOOKS, AND IMME- tory of 1844, which was placed upon the market in the year too in spite of the straw so generously supplied by the compa- DIATELY WE SINK INTO A DEPTH OF DARKNESS THAT WOULD nies for the benefit of their patrons, and which in a short time APPALL US TO CONTEMPLATE. 1843. This directory was printed by Ellis & Fergus. It is said that became so filthy that it was unfit for bedding the beasts that It is by viewing it in this light that anything that can be the earlier directories of Chicago were compiled without copy. hauled the cars. said concerning the early printer of Chicago should prove of in- The pages were held upon the imposing stone and when a new- The car drivers’ life in those days, and, for the matter of terest to every studious mind, and not only those who are inti- comer arrived his name, business and address were inserted in

◀ 8 / 10 pt The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chicago was the Directory of history-making, “Long John” was certainly one of the conspicuous citizens of Chica- 1844. It was placed upon the market in the year 1843. This Directory was compiled by 8 / 11 pt ▶ go, and, unlike nearly all of the promoters of newspapers of his day, he retired from J. Wellington Norris, and printed by Ellis & Fergus, from the Saloon Building, South the journalistic field with a competency, his real estate investments making him a Water and Clark streets. rich man and his natural Yankee shrewdness gave him an opportunity which he was The second Directory, prepared similarly to the first, was also compiled by Norris. not slow to turn to advantage. It was printed by James Campbell & Co., Commercial Building, 65 Lake street. A ludi- James J. Langdon was foreman of the Journal office in 1848. He later went into crous incident is connected with the compilation and printing of this work. The first of Campbell & Co. came to a premature dissolution while the Directory was in process business with Sterling P. Rounds and aided in establishing THE PRINTERS’ CABINET. of gestation. Mr. Campbell, who was a man of quick temper, becoming incensed at Mr. Mr. Rounds’ entire capital was $5.00. Mr. Langdon shortly thereafter retired to Prairie Norris (the Co.) forcibly ejected him from the office and threatened to kick him if he du Chien, Wis., and embarked in the horse business, but finding that his animals cost looked back. Some gentlemen, subsequently discussing the contention with Mr. Nor- him more than he could make out of them he returned to Chicago and again formed ris, asked him if he emulated the example of Lot’s wife. Norris replied, “No, I didn’t a partnership with Mr. Rounds. In December, 1856, there was but one other journal in look back.” This unseemly dispute severed the copartnership, as in point of fact any the United States that was devoted exclusively to the interest of the art preservative copartnership between Mr. Norris, a gentleman “as meek as Moses,” and Campbell, The Typographical Advertiser. Rounds’ Cabinet was the first of that character in the as fiery as a Scotch Highlander, was sure to come sooner or later to an abrupt ter- Northwest, the second in its date of issue, and the first monthly typographical jour- mination. A notice in the Chicago Journal of April 16, 1845, dated April 15, 1845, an- nal in the Union. nounced the dissolution of the firm of James Campbell & Co., and further that all de- LANGDON WAS A SKILLFUL WORKMAN AND MANY ANCIENT SPECIMENS BEAR- mands against the same would be settled by James Campbell, to whom all money due said firm must be paid. Mr. Campbell is long since dead. Mr. Norris died a few years ING THE IMPRINT OF ROUNDS & LANGDON, WHOSE ESTABLISHMENT WAS THEN LO-

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◀ 9 / 12 pt No story of Chicago would be complete without a short account of the The following is an extract from The Chicago Tribune of Sunday, October 8,

9 / 13 pt ▶ great fire of 1871, and nothing can prove more interesting than the state- the last issue before the office was destroyed. It is said to be one of the best ments of eye witnesses of that scene, and by these accounts and what his- descriptions of the scene now accessible: tory has proved, it stands today as one of the most appalling visitations “Only a few minutes elapsed after the striking of the alarm before the which the world had ever experienced. There were seventy-three miles of flames were seen sweeping to the sky, and the lurid light that illuminated streets burned and the total loss of property could not have been less than the horizon grew more and more powerful, casting its brilliant rays in every $200,000,000.00. The Custom House, the Court House, the Postoffice, the direction, bringing out in bold relief the fronts of the buildings which faced Chamber of Commerce and the great business blocks, the banks, the the- it from all quarters. The wind, seeming to rise as the flames did, set from aters and the newspaper offices, all went down together in the awful con- flagration. We can form some conception of the extent of the buildings and the Southwest, carrying with it in its onward rush streams of sparks, cin- property destroyed by the space burned over which, on the West Side, em- ders and partially burned pieces of wood, which covered the sky with daz- braced one hundred and twenty-four acres; South Side, four hundred and zling spangles, sweeping northwestward like a flight of meteors, but falling sixty acres; North Side, one thousand four hundred and seventy acres; mak- steadily in a fiery shower of rain, over that broad area embraced between ing a total area of two thousand one hundred and twenty-four acres, or the river, the South Branch, Wells street and Jackson street; the lighter nearly three and a half square miles, being about four miles in length and ones going far over on the North Division, while the heavier and more dan- from one to one and a half in width. The number of buildings destroyed was gerous ones fell before they reached that point. They dropped with great seventeen thousand four hundred and fifty, and nearly one hundred thou- force to the ground, to the occasional danger of the foot passenger and the sand persons were left homeless. frightening of horses, and showered upon roofs of buildings, inspiring con- The conflagration of 1871 wiped out the old Chicago that had been built stant fear that other conflagrations would break out, and that a terribly prior to that time, and from its ashes arose a city of such proportions and broad area would be covered by the flames, and put it out of the power of such grandeur as the world previously had never seen. At the time of its de- the engines to combat them.” struction it was looked upon as one of the greatest calamities visited up- on mankind, but the ultimate effect was to direct the eyes of the world up- “Late as it was, the splendor of the flames and the wonderful brilliancy on it and make it the Mecca of thousands of venturesome spirits, so that of the sky were such as to attract enormous crowds from every quarter. The

◀ 10 / 14 pt has no competition in population except in New York and London. The study of Chicago street names is an interesting pursuit, and it 10 / 15 pt ▶ London lacks the possibilities of expansion and sooner or later will brings to light many a bit of forgotten history. The first survey of reach the maximum of growth. “The astounding and unparalleled Chicago was made in 1830 by James Thompson, and embraced an growth of cities in the present period will help Chicago. The tenden- area of about three-eighths of a square mile. Besides the garrison cy is becoming more and more marked for mankind to get in close at Fort Dearborn, the population did not exceed 100. Three of the contact. Cities today are larger than they ever were before. The boundary streets of the village were named after the most prom- dominance of railroads over the affairs of mankind will mean the inent men of the day, the survey showing that Washington street most rapid growth for Chicago, the greatest center of railroads. The was the south boundary, Jefferson street the west, Kinzie street the railroads of the United States have a higher standard than those north and Dearborn street the east. Dearborn street was named af- abroad. This is a commercial age. America is the greatest commer- cial and industrial nation. It is rapidly becoming the financial center ter the fort, which in turn was named in honor of General Henry of the world. The time will come when it will also hold the suprem- Dearborn, Secretary of War; Kinzie street took its name from John acy in the arts and the sciences that it now does in commerce. All Kinzie, the early white settler, while the others were named after these things will help to bring Chicago to the front as the world me- George Washington and Thomas Jefferson. Northward from Wash- tropolis.” The growth of population in Chicago is shown as follows : ington street came Randolph, named after John Randolph of Ro- Census Population Change anoke; Lake, after Lake Michigan; Fulton, named after Robert Ful- 1840 4,470 — ton, whose steamboat, the Claremont, had made its first trip on the 1850 29,963 570.3% Hudson between New York and Albany just twenty-three years be- 1860 112,172 274.4% fore Chicago was mapped out; Carroll street, after Charles Carroll of 1870 298,977 166.5% Carrollton, and then Kinzie street. 1880 503,185 68.3% Eastward from Jefferson the streets were named Clinton, af- 1890 1,099,850 118.6% ter DeWitt Clinton, chief promoter of the Erie Canal; Canal, after The present area of the city is 204 square miles. This is divided into the I. and M. Canal; east of the river the first street was named Mar- thirty-five wards. The Twenty-seventh ward, the largest in the city,

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120 Cumberland

82 Congress Theater

62 Theodore Regensteiner

48 Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar

40 American School of Correspondence

32 Tortoise’s “Millions Now Living Will Never Die”

24 We Are Looking For Wood & Plywood Map Hide This Posting

18 Hoosier Mama’s Long-Awaited Expansion Could Arrive as Soon as this Weekend

12 Only two suburbs cleared the $1 million mark for median sale price in 2016: Kenilworth and Winnetka, both at $1.2 million

10 Investing Citywide In Chicago Will Change Nationwide Perceptions / Cubs prepared to pull out all the stops against Nationals ace Max Scherzer

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120 CHICAGOAN

82 COLUMBIA WEISS

62 EMBALMERS MONTHLY

48 PAINT AND VARNISH RECORD

40 CANNER AND DRIED FRUIT PACKER

32 EXCELSIOR LAGER BIER FROM H. TORCHIANI

24 ART PROJECT SERVES HOSPITALITY IN PLACE OF HOSTILITY

18 PACKERS PLAYER IS HOSPITALIZED AFTER ‘DIRTY’ HIT IN GAME AGAINST BEARS

12 THE GREAT FIRE CARVED A PATH OF DESTRUCTION THROUGH CHICAGO IN 1871. HERE ARE OLD PHOTOS OF THE RUINS

10 “WHAT A SAD LOSS FOR THE NEIGHBORHOOD,” SAID A LOYAL CUSTOMER / CHICAGO PUBLIC LIBRARY’S GEORGE CLEVELAND HALL BRANCH

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◀◀ 6 / 7 pt Under the title of “Studies of the Great West” there ap- This leads me to speak of another feature of Chica- ARCHITECTURALLY CHICAGO IS MORE INTERESTING To show the wonderful manner in which the schools of peared an article in Harper’s New Monthly Magazine in go, which has no rival in this country; I mean the facili- THAN MANY OLDER CITIES. ITS WEALTH AND OPPOR- Chicago have increased to keep pace with its ever-in- ◀ 6 / 7.25 pt May, 1888, by the late Charles Dudley Warner. This con- ty for pleasure driving and riding. Michigan avenue from TUNITY FOR FINE BUILDING COMING WHEN OUR NA- creasing population, it is only necessary to mention tribution is especially valuable in view of the fact that the mouth of the river, the centre of the town, is mac- TIONAL TASTE IS BEGINNING TO BE INDIVIDUAL, it has that in 1841 there were enrolled in the public schools a 6 / 7.5 pt ▶ Chicago at the time it was written had not yet reached adamized. It and the other avenues immediately con- escaped the monotony and mediocrity in which New total of 410 pupils, with but five teachers in all branch- the million mark: “Chicago is becoming modest. Per- nected with the park system are not included in the city York for so many years put its money, and out of the es. In 1911 there were 304,146 pupils enrolled, with 6 / 8 pt ▶▶ haps the inhabitants may still be able to conceal their street department, but are under the care of the Com- sameness of which it is escaping in spots. Having al- modesty, but nevertheless they feel it. The explanation 6,584 teachers. The appropriation made for the year missioners of Parks. No traffic is permitted on them, so plenty of room, Chicago has been able to avoid the is simple. The city has grown not only beyond the most 1912 was $17,146,575.00, which means that it cost the and consequently they are in superb condition for driv- block system in its residences, and to give play to va- sanguine expectations of those who indulged in the city about $56.34 for each child’s training for that pe- ing, summer and winter. The whole length of Michigan riety and creative genius. It is impossible to do much most inflated hope of its future, but it has grown be- avenue you will never see a loaded team. These roads, riod. This does not include approximately about 75,000 yond what they said they expected. This gives the citi- with the interior of a house in a block, however much that is Michigan avenue and the others of the park sys- you may load the front with ornament. Confined to a pupils in parochial schools. zens pause as it might an eagle that laid a roc’s egg.” tem, and the park drives, are superb for driving or rid- “The fact is, Chicago has become an independent long parallelogram, and limited as to light and air, nei- There is no question but that the public schools ing, perfectly made for drainage and permanency, with organism, growing by a combination of forces and op- ther comfort nor individual taste can be consulted or of Chicago stand pre-eminent among the best of any a top-dressing of pulverized granite. The cost of Michi- portunities beyond the contrivance of any combina- satisfied. Chicago is a city of detached houses, in the municipality in the country, and every effort is made gan avenue drive was two hundred thousand dollars a tion of men to help or hinder, beyond the need of flam- humbler quarters as well as in the magnificent avenues, to make them as much more effective as possible. mile. The cost of the parks and boulevards in each of ing circulars and reports of boards of trade and process and the effect is home-like and beautiful at the same This city can also boast of the University of Chicago, pictures. It has passed the danger or the fear of rival- the three divisions is met by a tax on the property in that division. The tax is considerable, but the wise lib- time. There is great variety, stone, brick, and one of the most richly endowed institutions of learn- ry, and reached the point where the growth of any oth- wood intermingled, plain and ornamental; but drive ing in America, with an enrollment of 6,466 students er portion of the great Northwest, or of any city in it erality of the citizens has done for the town what only royalty usually accomplishes given it magnificent roads. where you will in the favorite residence parts of the and 330 instructors in all its branches. It was found- (whatever rivalry that city may show in industries or in vast city, you will be continually surprised with the sight commerce), is in some way a contribution to the power And if good roads are a criterion of civilization, Chicago ed in the year 1892. of noble and artistic houses and homes displaying taste and wealth of Chicago. To them that have shall be giv- must stand very high. But it needed a community with The NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY OF EVANSTON, en. Cities, under favoring conditions, for local expan- a great deal of dating and confidence in the future to as well as luxury. Illinois, just on the borders of the City of Chicago, is al- In addition to the business and public buildings sion, which reach a certain amount of population and create this park system. so another richly endowed institution of learning, and

◀ 7 / 9 pt The first line of cars was on State street, between Randolph and In the early days of Chicago this was undoubtedly the case. It is Robert Fergus, perhaps the most thorough of practical printers, Twelfth streets, and these commenced operations April 25th, said that the good die young, but of the printer it might be re- arrived in Chicago on July 1, 1839. He was born in the Gallowgate 7 / 9.5 pt 1859. The Madison street line was opened May 20th, 1859, and marked “Good printers die poor,” There may be exceptions, but of Glasgow, Scotland, August 14, 1815. At the age of 15 he was ap- 7 / 10 pt ▶ extended from Halsted to State street. The Randolph street line such as there are only prove the rule. prenticed to the printing business, and as a regular indenture in opened July 15th, 1859. On the North Side the Wells street line All who think along these lines must admit that printing has those days meant a practical grounding in the knowledge of the extended from the river to Chicago avenue, and was opened in had much to do with the advancement of our city’s greatness, art, upon its completion and his setting forth as a journeyman he the spring of 1859 ; the Clark street line was opened in August, the lifting of it into the prominent place it now occupies as well possessed a knowledge of his business such as qualified him to 1859. The cars on all these roads were small and some of them as demonstrating to the whole world its marvelous history a city were known as “bob-tailed cars.” They were all drawn by horses. earn a livelihood in any part of the world. He was married to Mar- without a peer. The driver stood on the front platform in all conditions of weath- garet Whitehead Scott, February, 1836. Mr. Fergus was closely WITHOUT PRINTING THERE COULD BE NO PROGRESS, AS er and drove his spirited team at the break-neck speed of near- identified with the early history of Chicago in the printing world, WE UNDERSTAND IT TODAY, OR IT WOULD BY COMPARISON ly four miles an hour, while the passenger sat inside, and if it was and was an acknowledged authority on all things pertaining to its BE ONLY OF A LIMITED ORDER, AND GREAT CENTERS SUCH AS wintertime almost froze. Oh! those cars. What misery they repre- early records. All his life he was identified with printing and pub- WE HAVE NOW WOULD BE QUITE IMPOSSIBLE. TAKE PRINT- sented in the winter season! How the passengers were huddled lishing. The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chi- together a shivering mass of humanity with their feet in danger ING AWAY FROM OUR PRESENTDAY MODE OF DOING BUSINESS, cago was the Directory of 1844, which was placed upon the mar- of being frozen, and that too in spite of the straw so generous- SHUT UP OUR LIBRARIES AND OBLITERATE BOOKS, AND IMME- ket in the year 1843. This directory was printed by Ellis & Fergus. ly supplied by the companies for the benefit of their patrons, and DIATELY WE SINK INTO A DEPTH OF DARKNESS THAT WOULD which in a short time became so filthy that it was unfit for bed- APPALL US TO CONTEMPLATE. It is said that the earlier directories of Chicago were compiled ding the beasts that hauled the cars. It is by viewing it in this light that anything that can be said without copy. The pages were held upon the imposing stone and The car drivers’ life in those days, and, for the matter of that, concerning the early printer of Chicago should prove of inter- when a newcomer arrived his name, business and address were the conductors too, were full of incidents. It was not an uncom- est to every studious mind, and not only those who are intimate- inserted in the form. In this way new names were added until the

◀ 8 / 10 pt The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chicago was theDirectory of history-making, “Long John” was certainly one of the conspicuous citizens of Chica- 1844. It was placed upon the market in the year 1843. This Directory was compiled by 8 / 11 pt ▶ go, and, unlike nearly all of the promoters of newspapers of his day, he retired from the J. Wellington Norris, and printed by Ellis & Fergus, from the Saloon Building, South Wa- journalistic field with a competency, his real estate investments making him a rich man ter and Clark streets. and his natural Yankee shrewdness gave him an opportunity which he was not slow to The second Directory, prepared similarly to the first, was also compiled by Norris. It turn to advantage. was printed by James Campbell & Co., Commercial Building, 65 Lake street. A ludicrous James J. Langdon was foreman of the Journal office in 1848. He later went -in incident is connected with the compilation and printing of this work. The first of Camp- bell & Co. came to a premature dissolution while the Directory was in process of ges- to business with Sterling P. Rounds and aided in establishing THE PRINTERS’ CABINET. tation. Mr. Campbell, who was a man of quick temper, becoming incensed at Mr. Nor- Mr. Rounds’ entire capital was $5.00. Mr. Langdon shortly thereafter retired to Prairie ris (the Co.) forcibly ejected him from the office and threatened to kick him if he looked du Chien, Wis., and embarked in the horse business, but finding that his animals cost back. Some gentlemen, subsequently discussing the contention with Mr. Norris, asked him more than he could make out of them he returned to Chicago and again formed him if he emulated the example of Lot’s wife. Norris replied, “No, I didn’t look back.” This a partnership with Mr. Rounds. In December, 1856, there was but one other journal in unseemly dispute severed the copartnership, as in point of fact any copartnership be- the United States that was devoted exclusively to the interest of the art preservative tween Mr. Norris, a gentleman “as meek as Moses,” and Campbell, as fiery as a Scotch The Typographical Advertiser. Rounds’ Cabinet was the first of that character in the Highlander, was sure to come sooner or later to an abrupt termination. A notice in the Northwest, the second in its date of issue, and the first monthly typographical jour- Chicago Journal of April 16, 1845, dated April 15, 1845, announced the dissolution of the nal in the Union. firm of James Campbell & Co., and further that all demands against the same would be LANGDON WAS A SKILLFUL WORKMAN AND MANY ANCIENT SPECIMENS BEARING settled by James Campbell, to whom all money due said firm must be paid. Mr. Camp- bell is long since dead. Mr. Norris died a few years since in the interior of this state. It is THE IMPRINT OF ROUNDS & LANGDON, WHOSE ESTABLISHMENT WAS THEN LOCATED

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◀ 9 / 12 pt No story of Chicago would be complete without a short account of the great The following is an extract from The Chicago Tribune of Sunday, October 8,

9 / 13 pt ▶ fire of 1871, and nothing can prove more interesting than the statements of the last issue before the office was destroyed. It is said to be one of the best eye witnesses of that scene, and by these accounts and what history has descriptions of the scene now accessible: proved, it stands today as one of the most appalling visitations which the “Only a few minutes elapsed after the striking of the alarm before the world had ever experienced. There were seventy-three miles of streets burned flames were seen sweeping to the sky, and the lurid light that illuminated the and the total loss of property could not have been less than $200,000,000.00. horizon grew more and more powerful, casting its brilliant rays in every direc- The Custom House, the Court House, the Postoffice, the Chamber of Com- tion, bringing out in bold relief the fronts of the buildings which faced it from merce and the great business blocks, the banks, the theaters and the news- all quarters. The wind, seeming to rise as the flames did, set from the South- paper offices, all went down together in the awful conflagration. We can form some conception of the extent of the buildings and property destroyed by the west, carrying with it in its onward rush streams of sparks, cinders and par- space burned over which, on the West Side, embraced one hundred and twen- tially burned pieces of wood, which covered the sky with dazzling spangles, ty-four acres; South Side, four hundred and sixty acres; North Side, one thou- sweeping northwestward like a flight of meteors, but falling steadily in a fiery sand four hundred and seventy acres; making a total area of two thousand one shower of rain, over that broad area embraced between the river, the South hundred and twenty-four acres, or nearly three and a half square miles, being Branch, Wells street and Jackson street; the lighter ones going far over on the about four miles in length and from one to one and a half in width. The num- North Division, while the heavier and more dangerous ones fell before they ber of buildings destroyed was seventeen thousand four hundred and fifty, reached that point. They dropped with great force to the ground, to the occa- and nearly one hundred thousand persons were left homeless. sional danger of the foot passenger and the frightening of horses, and show- The conflagration of 1871 wiped out the old Chicago that had been built ered upon roofs of buildings, inspiring constant fear that other conflagra- prior to that time, and from its ashes arose a city of such proportions and tions would break out, and that a terribly broad area would be covered by the such grandeur as the world previously had never seen. At the time of its de- flames, and put it out of the power of the engines to combat them.” struction it was looked upon as one of the greatest calamities visited upon “Late as it was, the splendor of the flames and the wonderful brillian- mankind, but the ultimate effect was to direct the eyes of the world upon it and make it the Mecca of thousands of venturesome spirits, so that it attract- cy of the sky were such as to attract enormous crowds from every quarter. The ed men from every clime, men of towering ambition and energy; men with densely populated sections of the West Division lying near the fire would have,

◀ 10 / 14 pt has no competition in population except in New York and London. Lon- The study of Chicago street names is an interesting pursuit, and it 10 / 15 pt ▶ don lacks the possibilities of expansion and sooner or later will reach brings to light many a bit of forgotten history. The first survey of Chi- the maximum of growth. “The astounding and unparalleled growth of cago was made in 1830 by James Thompson, and embraced an ar- cities in the present period will help Chicago. The tendency is becom- ea of about three-eighths of a square mile. Besides the garrison at ing more and more marked for mankind to get in close contact. Cit- Fort Dearborn, the population did not exceed 100. Three of the bound- ies today are larger than they ever were before. The dominance of rail- ary streets of the village were named after the most prominent men roads over the affairs of mankind will mean the most rapid growth for of the day, the survey showing that Washington street was the south Chicago, the greatest center of railroads. The railroads of the United boundary, Jefferson street the west, Kinzie street the north and Dear- States have a higher standard than those abroad. This is a commer- born street the east. Dearborn street was named after the fort, which cial age. America is the greatest commercial and industrial nation. It is rapidly becoming the financial center of the world. The time will come in turn was named in honor of General Henry Dearborn, Secretary when it will also hold the supremacy in the arts and the sciences that of War; Kinzie street took its name from John Kinzie, the early white it now does in commerce. All these things will help to bring Chicago to settler, while the others were named after George Washington and the front as the world metropolis.” The growth of population in Chica- Thomas Jefferson. Northward from Washington street came Ran- go is shown as follows : dolph, named after John Randolph of Roanoke; Lake, after Lake Mich- Census Population Change igan; Fulton, named after Robert Fulton, whose steamboat, the Clare- 1840 4,470 — mont, had made its first trip on the Hudson between New York and Al- 1850 29,963 570.3% bany just twenty-three years before Chicago was mapped out; Carroll 1860 112,172 274.4% street, after Charles Carroll of Carrollton, and then Kinzie street. 1870 298,977 166.5% Eastward from Jefferson the streets were named Clinton, af- 1880 503,185 68.3% ter DeWitt Clinton, chief promoter of the Erie Canal; Canal, after the 1890 1,099,850 118.6% I. and M. Canal; east of the river the first street was named Market The present area of the city is 204 square miles. This is divided into street because the city market was located in the middle of the thor- thirty-five wards. The Twenty-seventh ward, the largest in the city, in-

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120 Ravenswood

82 Avondale Gardens

62 Robert Woodrow Wilson

48 Chicago & Alton Railway Bridge

40 Elks National Memorial Headquarters

32 Screeching Weasel’s Boogadaboogadaboogada

24 Chance The Rapper Is Creating An Award Show For Educators

18 Edgewater Parents to Thank for $800k Renovation at Community’s Largest Park

12 Found Footage Festival, Chicago Marathon, Music Box of Horrors, and More of the Best Things to do in Chicago This Week

10 The Fine Arts building offers a sonic experience straight from the 1890s / Choosy Package Thief Opens Box on Porch Before Swiping Stuff: Watch!

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120 CONCORDIA

82 WEEKLY TRIBUNE

62 DRY GOODS REPORTER

48 RAILWAY PURCHASING AGENT

40 CARL PRETZEL’S NATIONAL WEEKLY

32 MONTGOMERY WARD & CO. CATALOG HOUSE

24 THE WICKER PARK CONDO YOU’VE BEEN DREAMING ABOUT

18 ROGERS PARK RANKED AS ONE OF THE CITY’S BEST VEGETARIAN DESTINATIONS

12 LEAVES ALREADY HAVE STARTED TO CHANGE COLOR — AND THE WARM WEATHER COULD HELP MAKE THEM PRETTIER

10 TODAY IS THE HOTTEST SEPT 22 EVER IN CHICAGO / ILLEGAL IN MOST STATES, RARE FISHING STYLE IS ALLOWED IN LINCOLN & JACKSON PARK

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◀◀ 6 / 7 pt Under the title of “Studies of the Great West” there ap- This leads me to speak of another feature of Chica- ARCHITECTURALLY CHICAGO IS MORE INTERESTING To show the wonderful manner in which the schools of peared an article in Harper’s New Monthly Magazine in go, which has no rival in this country; I mean the facili- THAN MANY OLDER CITIES. ITS WEALTH AND OPPOR- Chicago have increased to keep pace with its ever-in- ◀ 6 / 7.25 pt May, 1888, by the late Charles Dudley Warner. This con- ty for pleasure driving and riding. Michigan avenue from TUNITY FOR FINE BUILDING COMING WHEN OUR NA- creasing population, it is only necessary to mention that tribution is especially valuable in view of the fact that the mouth of the river, the centre of the town, is macad- TIONAL TASTE IS BEGINNING TO BE INDIVIDUAL, it has in 1841 there were enrolled in the public schools a to- 6 / 7.5 pt ▶ Chicago at the time it was written had not yet reached amized. It and the other avenues immediately connected escaped the monotony and mediocrity in which New tal of 410 pupils, with but five teachers in all branch- the million mark: “Chicago is becoming modest. Perhaps with the park system are not included in the city street York for so many years put its money, and out of the es. In 1911 there were 304,146 pupils enrolled, with 6,584 6 / 8 pt ▶▶ the inhabitants may still be able to conceal their modes- department, but are under the care of the Commission- sameness of which it is escaping in spots. Having al- ty, but nevertheless they feel it. The explanation is sim- teachers. The appropriation made for the year 1912 was ers of Parks. No traffic is permitted on them, and -con so plenty of room, Chicago has been able to avoid the ple. The city has grown not only beyond the most san- $17,146,575.00, which means that it cost the city about sequently they are in superb condition for driving, sum- block system in its residences, and to give play to vari- guine expectations of those who indulged in the most in- $56.34 for each child’s training for that period. This does mer and winter. The whole length of Michigan avenue ety and creative genius. It is impossible to do much with flated hope of its future, but it has grown beyond what you will never see a loaded team. These roads, that is not include approximately about 75,000 pupils in pa- they said they expected. This gives the citizens pause as the interior of a house in a block, however much you may Michigan avenue and the others of the park system, and load the front with ornament. Confined to a long paral- rochial schools. it might an eagle that laid a roc’s egg.” the park drives, are superb for driving or riding, perfect- “The fact is, Chicago has become an independent or- lelogram, and limited as to light and air, neither comfort There is no question but that the public schools of ly made for drainage and permanency, with a top-dress- ganism, growing by a combination of forces and opportu- nor individual taste can be consulted or satisfied. Chica- Chicago stand pre-eminent among the best of any mu- ing of pulverized granite. The cost of Michigan avenue nities beyond the contrivance of any combination of men go is a city of detached houses, in the humbler quarters nicipality in the country, and every effort is made to drive was two hundred thousand dollars a mile. The cost to help or hinder, beyond the need of flaming circulars as well as in the magnificent avenues, and the effect is make them as much more effective as possible. This city of the parks and boulevards in each of the three divisions and reports of boards of trade and process pictures. It home-like and beautiful at the same time. There is great can also boast of the University of Chicago, one of the has passed the danger or the fear of rivalry, and reached is met by a tax on the property in that division. The tax is considerable, but the wise liberality of the citizens has variety, stone, brick, and wood intermingled, plain and most richly endowed institutions of learning in America, the point where the growth of any other portion of the ornamental; but drive where you will in the favorite res- with an enrollment of 6,466 students and 330 instruc- great Northwest, or of any city in it (whatever rivalry that done for the town what only royalty usually accomplish- es given it magnificent roads. And if good roads are a cri- idence parts of the vast city, you will be continually sur- tors in all its branches. It was founded in the year 1892. city may show in industries or in commerce), is in some prised with the sight of noble and artistic houses and way a contribution to the power and wealth of Chica- terion of civilization, Chicago must stand very high. But The NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY OF EVANSTON, homes displaying taste as well as luxury. go. To them that have shall be given. Cities, under favor- it needed a community with a great deal of dating and Illinois, just on the borders of the City of Chicago, is also ing conditions, for local expansion, which reach a certain confidence in the future to create this park system. In addition to the business and public buildings another richly endowed institution of learning, and has of which I spoke, there are several, like the Art Muse- amount of population and wealth, grow by a kind of nat- One in the heart of the city has not to drive three 3,788 students with 361 instructors.

◀ 7 / 9 pt The first line of cars was on State street, between Randolph and In the early days of Chicago this was undoubtedly the case. It is Robert Fergus, perhaps the most thorough of practical print- Twelfth streets, and these commenced operations April 25th, 1859. said that the good die young, but of the printer it might be re- ers, arrived in Chicago on July 1, 1839. He was born in the Gallow- 7 / 9.5 pt The Madison street line was opened May 20th, 1859, and extended marked “Good printers die poor,” There may be exceptions, but gate of Glasgow, Scotland, August 14, 1815. At the age of 15 he 7 / 10 pt ▶ from Halsted to State street. The Randolph street line opened July such as there are only prove the rule. was apprenticed to the printing business, and as a regular inden- 15th, 1859. On the North Side the Wells street line extended from All who think along these lines must admit that printing has ture in those days meant a practical grounding in the knowledge the river to Chicago avenue, and was opened in the spring of 1859 had much to do with the advancement of our city’s greatness, of the art, upon its completion and his setting forth as a journey- ; the Clark street line was opened in August, 1859. The cars on all the lifting of it into the prominent place it now occupies as well man he possessed a knowledge of his business such as qualified these roads were small and some of them were known as “bob- as demonstrating to the whole world its marvelous history a city tailed cars.” They were all drawn by horses. The driver stood on the him to earn a livelihood in any part of the world. He was married to without a peer. front platform in all conditions of weather and drove his spirited Margaret Whitehead Scott, February, 1836. Mr. Fergus was close- WITHOUT PRINTING THERE COULD BE NO PROGRESS, AS team at the break-neck speed of nearly four miles an hour, while ly identified with the early history of Chicago in the printing world, WE UNDERSTAND IT TODAY, OR IT WOULD BY COMPARISON BE the passenger sat inside, and if it was wintertime almost froze. Oh! and was an acknowledged authority on all things pertaining to its ONLY OF A LIMITED ORDER, AND GREAT CENTERS SUCH AS WE those cars. What misery they represented in the winter season! early records. All his life he was identified with printing and pub- HAVE NOW WOULD BE QUITE IMPOSSIBLE. TAKE PRINTING AWAY How the passengers were huddled together a shivering mass of lishing. The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chi- humanity with their feet in danger of being frozen, and that too in FROM OUR PRESENTDAY MODE OF DOING BUSINESS, SHUT UP cago was the Directory of 1844, which was placed upon the mar- spite of the straw so generously supplied by the companies for the OUR LIBRARIES AND OBLITERATE BOOKS, AND IMMEDIATELY WE ket in the year 1843. This directory was printed by Ellis & Fergus. It benefit of their patrons, and which in a short time became so filthy SINK INTO A DEPTH OF DARKNESS THAT WOULD APPALL US TO that it was unfit for bedding the beasts that hauled the cars. CONTEMPLATE. is said that the earlier directories of Chicago were compiled with- The car drivers’ life in those days, and, for the matter of that, It is by viewing it in this light that anything that can be said out copy. The pages were held upon the imposing stone and when the conductors too, were full of incidents. It was not an uncom- concerning the early printer of Chicago should prove of interest to a newcomer arrived his name, business and address were insert- mon thing for the car often to leave the track, even on a short every studious mind, and not only those who are intimately con- ed in the form. In this way new names were added until the time

◀ 8 / 10 pt The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chicago was the Directory of 1844. history-making, “Long John” was certainly one of the conspicuous citizens of Chicago, It was placed upon the market in the year 1843. This Directory was compiled by J. Wel- 8 / 11 pt ▶ and, unlike nearly all of the promoters of newspapers of his day, he retired from the jour- lington Norris, and printed by Ellis & Fergus, from the Saloon Building, South Water and nalistic field with a competency, his real estate investments making him a rich man and Clark streets. his natural Yankee shrewdness gave him an opportunity which he was not slow to turn The second Directory, prepared similarly to the first, was also compiled by Norris. It to advantage. was printed by James Campbell & Co., Commercial Building, 65 Lake street. A ludicrous in- James J. Langdon was foreman of the Journal office in 1848. He later went -in cident is connected with the compilation and printing of this work. The first of Campbell & Co. came to a premature dissolution while the Directory was in process of gestation. Mr. to business with Sterling P. Rounds and aided in establishing THE PRINTERS’ CABINET. Campbell, who was a man of quick temper, becoming incensed at Mr. Norris (the Co.) forc- Mr. Rounds’ entire capital was $5.00. Mr. Langdon shortly thereafter retired to Prairie du ibly ejected him from the office and threatened to kick him if he looked back. Some gen- Chien, Wis., and embarked in the horse business, but finding that his animals cost him tlemen, subsequently discussing the contention with Mr. Norris, asked him if he emulat- more than he could make out of them he returned to Chicago and again formed a part- ed the example of Lot’s wife. Norris replied, “No, I didn’t look back.” This unseemly dis- nership with Mr. Rounds. In December, 1856, there was but one other journal in the United pute severed the copartnership, as in point of fact any copartnership between Mr. Norris, States that was devoted exclusively to the interest of the art preservative The Typograph- a gentleman “as meek as Moses,” and Campbell, as fiery as a Scotch Highlander, was sure ical Advertiser. Rounds’ Cabinet was the first of that character in the Northwest, the sec- to come sooner or later to an abrupt termination. A notice in the Chicago Journal of April ond in its date of issue, and the first monthly typographical journal in the Union. 16, 1845, dated April 15, 1845, announced the dissolution of the firm of James Campbell & LANGDON WAS A SKILLFUL WORKMAN AND MANY ANCIENT SPECIMENS BEARING Co., and further that all demands against the same would be settled by James Campbell, THE IMPRINT OF ROUNDS & LANGDON, WHOSE ESTABLISHMENT WAS THEN LOCATED to whom all money due said firm must be paid. Mr. Campbell is long since dead. Mr. Norris died a few years since in the interior of this state. It is doubtful if he made a living by his AT NO. 46 STATE STREET, TODAY ARE WORTHY OF ADMIRATION BECAUSE OF THE AR-

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◀ 9 / 12 pt No story of Chicago would be complete without a short account of the great The following is an extract from The Chicago Tribune of Sunday, October 8, the

9 / 13 pt ▶ fire of 1871, and nothing can prove more interesting than the statements of eye last issue before the office was destroyed. It is said to be one of the best -de witnesses of that scene, and by these accounts and what history has proved, it scriptions of the scene now accessible: stands today as one of the most appalling visitations which the world had ever “Only a few minutes elapsed after the striking of the alarm before the experienced. There were seventy-three miles of streets burned and the total loss flames were seen sweeping to the sky, and the lurid light that illuminated the of property could not have been less than $200,000,000.00. The Custom House, horizon grew more and more powerful, casting its brilliant rays in every direc- the Court House, the Postoffice, the Chamber of Commerce and the great busi- tion, bringing out in bold relief the fronts of the buildings which faced it from ness blocks, the banks, the theaters and the newspaper offices, all went down all quarters. The wind, seeming to rise as the flames did, set from the South- together in the awful conflagration. We can form some conception of the extent of the buildings and property destroyed by the space burned over which, on the west, carrying with it in its onward rush streams of sparks, cinders and partial- West Side, embraced one hundred and twenty-four acres; South Side, four hun- ly burned pieces of wood, which covered the sky with dazzling spangles, sweep- dred and sixty acres; North Side, one thousand four hundred and seventy acres; ing northwestward like a flight of meteors, but falling steadily in a fiery show- making a total area of two thousand one hundred and twenty-four acres, or er of rain, over that broad area embraced between the river, the South Branch, nearly three and a half square miles, being about four miles in length and from Wells street and Jackson street; the lighter ones going far over on the North Di- one to one and a half in width. The number of buildings destroyed was seven- vision, while the heavier and more dangerous ones fell before they reached that teen thousand four hundred and fifty, and nearly one hundred thousand per- point. They dropped with great force to the ground, to the occasional danger of sons were left homeless. the foot passenger and the frightening of horses, and showered upon roofs of The conflagration of 1871 wiped out the old Chicago that had been built pri- buildings, inspiring constant fear that other conflagrations would break out, and or to that time, and from its ashes arose a city of such proportions and such that a terribly broad area would be covered by the flames, and put it out of the grandeur as the world previously had never seen. At the time of its destruction power of the engines to combat them.” it was looked upon as one of the greatest calamities visited upon mankind, but “Late as it was, the splendor of the flames and the wonderful brilliancy of the ultimate effect was to direct the eyes of the world upon it and make it the Mecca of thousands of venturesome spirits, so that it attracted men from every the sky were such as to attract enormous crowds from every quarter. The dense- clime, men of towering ambition and energy; men with means and those with- ly populated sections of the West Division lying near the fire would have, of it-

◀ 10 / 14 pt in population except in New York and London. London lacks the possibil- The study of Chicago street names is an interesting pursuit, and it 10 / 15 pt ▶ ities of expansion and sooner or later will reach the maximum of growth. brings to light many a bit of forgotten history. The first survey of Chi- “The astounding and unparalleled growth of cities in the present peri- cago was made in 1830 by James Thompson, and embraced an area of od will help Chicago. The tendency is becoming more and more marked about three-eighths of a square mile. Besides the garrison at Fort Dear- for mankind to get in close contact. Cities today are larger than they ev- born, the population did not exceed 100. Three of the boundary streets er were before. The dominance of railroads over the affairs of mankind of the village were named after the most prominent men of the day, will mean the most rapid growth for Chicago, the greatest center of rail- the survey showing that Washington street was the south boundary, roads. The railroads of the United States have a higher standard than Jefferson street the west, Kinzie street the north and Dearborn street those abroad. This is a commercial age. America is the greatest com- the east. Dearborn street was named after the fort, which in turn was mercial and industrial nation. It is rapidly becoming the financial cen- ter of the world. The time will come when it will also hold the suprema- named in honor of General Henry Dearborn, Secretary of War; Kinzie cy in the arts and the sciences that it now does in commerce. All these street took its name from John Kinzie, the early white settler, while the things will help to bring Chicago to the front as the world metropolis.” others were named after George Washington and Thomas Jefferson. The growth of population in Chicago is shown as follows : Northward from Washington street came Randolph, named after John Census Population Change Randolph of Roanoke; Lake, after Lake Michigan; Fulton, named after 1840 4,470 — Robert Fulton, whose steamboat, the Claremont, had made its first trip 1850 29,963 570.3% on the Hudson between New York and Albany just twenty-three years 1860 112,172 274.4% before Chicago was mapped out; Carroll street, after Charles Carroll of 1870 298,977 166.5% Carrollton, and then Kinzie street. 1880 503,185 68.3% Eastward from Jefferson the streets were named Clinton, after -De 1890 1,099,850 118.6% Witt Clinton, chief promoter of the Erie Canal; Canal, after the I. and The present area of the city is 204 square miles. This is divided into M. Canal; east of the river the first street was named Market street be- thirty-five wards. The Twenty-seventh ward, the largest in the city, in- cause the city market was located in the middle of the thoroughfare, creased in population for the decade ending in 1910, 156 per cent. It now

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120 Klockgeter

82 Marshall Square

62 Richard Wright House

48 Mid-North District Extension

40 Site of the Origin of the I&M Canal

32 Cash For Your Tv, Stereo, Electronics, Dvds

24 Here What’s New in Wrigleyville Since the Cubs Won it all

18 Jewelry Designer Opening Retail Shop on Logan Square’s Milwaukee Avenue

12 Shuttles Powered By Bursts of Air Were Supposed to be the Future of Transportation in Chicago Over a Century Ago

10 Smashing Pumpkins’ Siamese Dream / Site of the Origin of the Chicago Fire of 1871 / The Bank Note Reporter and Counterfeit Detector

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120 THE PRESTO

82 THE INTER OCEAN

62 THE FINANCIAL REVIEW

48 NATIONAL LAUNDRY JOURNAL

40 PICTURE GALLERY FOR YOUNG FOLKS

32 THE 63RD STREET BATHING PAVILION & PARK

24 SUSTAINABLE LIVING IN THIS RIVER NORTH TWO BED CONDO

18 JAVA AND SUMATRA ARE CURRENTLY ON DISPLAY AT THE CITY’S BOTANIC GARDEN

12 COLDER WEATHER COMING AFTER A WEEK OF RECORD-BREAKING, 90-DEGREE WEATHER / VARIOUS ARTISTS BUSTED AT OZ

10 FLY THE W: RIZZO, HENDRICKS LEAD CUBS PAST NATS IN NLDS GAME 1, 3-0 / INDEPENDENT GROCERS & ALLIANCE / ILLINOIS CENTRAL RAILROAD

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◀◀ 6 / 7 pt Under the title of “Studies of the Great West” there This leads me to speak of another feature of Chica- ARCHITECTURALLY CHICAGO IS MORE INTERESTING To show the wonderful manner in which the schools appeared an article in Harper’s New Monthly Mag- go, which has no rival in this country; I mean the fa- THAN MANY OLDER CITIES. ITS WEALTH AND OPPORTU- of Chicago have increased to keep pace with its ev- ◀ 6 / 7.25 pt azine in May, 1888, by the late Charles Dudley War- cility for pleasure driving and riding. Michigan av- NITY FOR FINE BUILDING COMING WHEN OUR NATION- er-increasing population, it is only necessary to ner. This contribution is especially valuable in view enue from the mouth of the river, the centre of the AL TASTE IS BEGINNING TO BE INDIVIDUAL, it has es- mention that in 1841 there were enrolled in the pub- 6 / 7.5 pt ▶ of the fact that Chicago at the time it was written town, is macadamized. It and the other avenues im- caped the monotony and mediocrity in which New lic schools a total of 410 pupils, with but five teach- had not yet reached the million mark: “Chicago is mediately connected with the park system are not York for so many years put its money, and out of ers in all branches. In 1911 there were 304,146 pu- 6 / 8 pt ▶▶ becoming modest. Perhaps the inhabitants may included in the city street department, but are un- the sameness of which it is escaping in spots. Hav- still be able to conceal their modesty, but neverthe- pils enrolled, with 6,584 teachers. The appropri- der the care of the Commissioners of Parks. No traf- ing also plenty of room, Chicago has been able to less they feel it. The explanation is simple. The city ation made for the year 1912 was $17,146,575.00, fic is permitted on them, and consequently they are avoid the block system in its residences, and to give has grown not only beyond the most sanguine ex- which means that it cost the city about $56.34 for in superb condition for driving, summer and win- play to variety and creative genius. It is impossible pectations of those who indulged in the most inflat- ter. The whole length of Michigan avenue you will each child’s training for that period. This does not ed hope of its future, but it has grown beyond what to do much with the interior of a house in a block, never see a loaded team. These roads, that is Mich- however much you may load the front with orna- include approximately about 75,000 pupils in pa- they said they expected. This gives the citizens igan avenue and the others of the park system, pause as it might an eagle that laid a roc’s egg.” ment. Confined to a long parallelogram, and limit- rochial schools. and the park drives, are superb for driving or rid- “The fact is, Chicago has become an indepen- ed as to light and air, neither comfort nor individu- There is no question but that the public schools ing, perfectly made for drainage and permanency, dent organism, growing by a combination of forc- al taste can be consulted or satisfied. Chicago is a of Chicago stand pre-eminent among the best of with a top-dressing of pulverized granite. The cost es and opportunities beyond the contrivance of any city of detached houses, in the humbler quarters as any municipality in the country, and every effort of Michigan avenue drive was two hundred thou- combination of men to help or hinder, beyond the well as in the magnificent avenues, and the effect is made to make them as much more effective as need of flaming circulars and reports of boards of sand dollars a mile. The cost of the parks and bou- levards in each of the three divisions is met by a tax is home-like and beautiful at the same time. There possible. This city can also boast of the Universi- trade and process pictures. It has passed the dan- is great variety, stone, brick, and wood intermin- ty of Chicago, one of the most richly endowed in- ger or the fear of rivalry, and reached the point on the property in that division. The tax is consider- able, but the wise liberality of the citizens has done gled, plain and ornamental; but drive where you will stitutions of learning in America, with an enroll- where the growth of any other portion of the great in the favorite residence parts of the vast city, you Northwest, or of any city in it (whatever rivalry that for the town what only royalty usually accomplish- ment of 6,466 students and 330 instructors in all its will be continually surprised with the sight of no- city may show in industries or in commerce), is in es given it magnificent roads. And if good roads are branches. It was founded in the year 1892. some way a contribution to the power and wealth a criterion of civilization, Chicago must stand very ble and artistic houses and homes displaying taste The NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY OF EVANSTON, Il- as well as luxury. of Chicago. To them that have shall be given. Cit- high. But it needed a community with a great deal linois, just on the borders of the City of Chicago, is

◀ 7 / 9 pt The first line of cars was on State street, between Randolph In the early days of Chicago this was undoubtedly the case. Robert Fergus, perhaps the most thorough of practical and Twelfth streets, and these commenced operations April It is said that the good die young, but of the printer it might printers, arrived in Chicago on July 1, 1839. He was born in 7 / 9.5 pt 25th, 1859. The Madison street line was opened May 20th, be remarked “Good printers die poor,” There may be excep- the Gallowgate of Glasgow, Scotland, August 14, 1815. At the 7 / 10 pt ▶ 1859, and extended from Halsted to State street. The Ran- tions, but such as there are only prove the rule. age of 15 he was apprenticed to the printing business, and as dolph street line opened July 15th, 1859. On the North Side All who think along these lines must admit that printing a regular indenture in those days meant a practical ground- the Wells street line extended from the river to Chicago ave- has had much to do with the advancement of our city’s great- ing in the knowledge of the art, upon its completion and his nue, and was opened in the spring of 1859 ; the Clark street ness, the lifting of it into the prominent place it now occu- setting forth as a journeyman he possessed a knowledge of line was opened in August, 1859. The cars on all these roads pies as well as demonstrating to the whole world its marvel- were small and some of them were known as “bob-tailed his business such as qualified him to earn a livelihood in any ous history a city without a peer. cars.” They were all drawn by horses. The driver stood on part of the world. He was married to Margaret Whitehead WITHOUT PRINTING THERE COULD BE NO PROGRESS, AS WE the front platform in all conditions of weather and drove his Scott, February, 1836. Mr. Fergus was closely identified with UNDERSTAND IT TODAY, OR IT WOULD BY COMPARISON BE ONLY spirited team at the break-neck speed of nearly four miles the early history of Chicago in the printing world, and was an OF A LIMITED ORDER, AND GREAT CENTERS SUCH AS WE HAVE NOW an hour, while the passenger sat inside, and if it was winter- acknowledged authority on all things pertaining to its ear- WOULD BE QUITE IMPOSSIBLE. TAKE PRINTING AWAY FROM OUR time almost froze. Oh! those cars. What misery they repre- ly records. All his life he was identified with printing and pub- sented in the winter season! How the passengers were hud- PRESENTDAY MODE OF DOING BUSINESS, SHUT UP OUR LIBRAR- lishing. The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued dled together a shivering mass of humanity with their feet IES AND OBLITERATE BOOKS, AND IMMEDIATELY WE SINK INTO A in Chicago was the Directory of 1844, which was placed up- in danger of being frozen, and that too in spite of the straw DEPTH OF DARKNESS THAT WOULD APPALL US TO CONTEMPLATE. so generously supplied by the companies for the benefit of It is by viewing it in this light that anything that can be on the market in the year 1843. This directory was printed by their patrons, and which in a short time became so filthy that said concerning the early printer of Chicago should prove of Ellis & Fergus. It is said that the earlier directories of Chica- it was unfit for bedding the beasts that hauled the cars. interest to every studious mind, and not only those who are go were compiled without copy. The pages were held upon The car drivers’ life in those days, and, for the matter of intimately connected with the craft but also those who have the imposing stone and when a newcomer arrived his name,

◀ 8 / 10 pt The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chicago was theDirectory history-making, “Long John” was certainly one of the conspicuous citizens of Chi- of 1844. It was placed upon the market in the year 1843. This Directory was com- 8 / 11 pt ▶ cago, and, unlike nearly all of the promoters of newspapers of his day, he retired piled by J. Wellington Norris, and printed by Ellis & Fergus, from the Saloon Build- from the journalistic field with a competency, his real estate investments making ing, South Water and Clark streets. him a rich man and his natural Yankee shrewdness gave him an opportunity which The second Directory, prepared similarly to the first, was also compiled by he was not slow to turn to advantage. Norris. It was printed by James Campbell & Co., Commercial Building, 65 Lake James J. Langdon was foreman of the Journal office in 1848. He later went -in street. A ludicrous incident is connected with the compilation and printing of this work. The first of Campbell & Co. came to a premature dissolution while the Direc- to business with Sterling P. Rounds and aided in establishing THE PRINTERS’ CAB- tory was in process of gestation. Mr. Campbell, who was a man of quick temper, INET. Mr. Rounds’ entire capital was $5.00. Mr. Langdon shortly thereafter retired becoming incensed at Mr. Norris (the Co.) forcibly ejected him from the office and to Prairie du Chien, Wis., and embarked in the horse business, but finding that his threatened to kick him if he looked back. Some gentlemen, subsequently discuss- animals cost him more than he could make out of them he returned to Chicago and ing the contention with Mr. Norris, asked him if he emulated the example of Lot’s again formed a partnership with Mr. Rounds. In December, 1856, there was but one wife. Norris replied, “No, I didn’t look back.” This unseemly dispute severed the other journal in the United States that was devoted exclusively to the interest of copartnership, as in point of fact any copartnership between Mr. Norris, a gentle- the art preservative The Typographical Advertiser. Rounds’ Cabinet was the first man “as meek as Moses,” and Campbell, as fiery as a Scotch Highlander, was sure of that character in the Northwest, the second in its date of issue, and the first to come sooner or later to an abrupt termination. A notice in the Chicago Jour- monthly typographical journal in the Union. nal of April 16, 1845, dated April 15, 1845, announced the dissolution of the firm LANGDON WAS A SKILLFUL WORKMAN AND MANY ANCIENT SPECIMENS BEARING THE of James Campbell & Co., and further that all demands against the same would be settled by James Campbell, to whom all money due said firm must be paid. Mr. IMPRINT OF ROUNDS & LANGDON, WHOSE ESTABLISHMENT WAS THEN LOCATED AT NO. 46

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◀ 9 / 12 pt No story of Chicago would be complete without a short account of the The following is an extract from The Chicago Tribune of Sunday, October

9 / 13 pt ▶ great fire of 1871, and nothing can prove more interesting than the 8, the last issue before the office was destroyed. It is said to be one of the statements of eye witnesses of that scene, and by these accounts and best descriptions of the scene now accessible: what history has proved, it stands today as one of the most appall- “Only a few minutes elapsed after the striking of the alarm before ing visitations which the world had ever experienced. There were sev- the flames were seen sweeping to the sky, and the lurid light that illumi- enty-three miles of streets burned and the total loss of property could nated the horizon grew more and more powerful, casting its brilliant rays not have been less than $200,000,000.00. The Custom House, the Court in every direction, bringing out in bold relief the fronts of the buildings House, the Postoffice, the Chamber of Commerce and the great busi- which faced it from all quarters. The wind, seeming to rise as the flames ness blocks, the banks, the theaters and the newspaper offices, all went down together in the awful conflagration. We can form some concep- did, set from the Southwest, carrying with it in its onward rush streams tion of the extent of the buildings and property destroyed by the space of sparks, cinders and partially burned pieces of wood, which covered burned over which, on the West Side, embraced one hundred and twen- the sky with dazzling spangles, sweeping northwestward like a flight of ty-four acres; South Side, four hundred and sixty acres; North Side, one meteors, but falling steadily in a fiery shower of rain, over that broad ar- thousand four hundred and seventy acres; making a total area of two ea embraced between the river, the South Branch, Wells street and Jack- thousand one hundred and twenty-four acres, or nearly three and a half son street; the lighter ones going far over on the North Division, while the square miles, being about four miles in length and from one to one and heavier and more dangerous ones fell before they reached that point. a half in width. The number of buildings destroyed was seventeen thou- They dropped with great force to the ground, to the occasional danger sand four hundred and fifty, and nearly one hundred thousand persons of the foot passenger and the frightening of horses, and showered up- were left homeless. on roofs of buildings, inspiring constant fear that other conflagrations The conflagration of 1871 wiped out the old Chicago that had been would break out, and that a terribly broad area would be covered by the built prior to that time, and from its ashes arose a city of such propor- flames, and put it out of the power of the engines to combat them.” tions and such grandeur as the world previously had never seen. At the time of its destruction it was looked upon as one of the greatest calami- “Late as it was, the splendor of the flames and the wonderful bril- ties visited upon mankind, but the ultimate effect was to direct the eyes liancy of the sky were such as to attract enormous crowds from every

◀ 10 / 14 pt has no competition in population except in New York and London. The study of Chicago street names is an interesting pursuit, and 10 / 15 pt ▶ London lacks the possibilities of expansion and sooner or later it brings to light many a bit of forgotten history. The first survey will reach the maximum of growth. “The astounding and unparal- of Chicago was made in 1830 by James Thompson, and embraced leled growth of cities in the present period will help Chicago. The an area of about three-eighths of a square mile. Besides the gar- tendency is becoming more and more marked for mankind to get rison at Fort Dearborn, the population did not exceed 100. Three in close contact. Cities today are larger than they ever were be- of the boundary streets of the village were named after the most fore. The dominance of railroads over the affairs of mankind will prominent men of the day, the survey showing that Washington mean the most rapid growth for Chicago, the greatest center of street was the south boundary, Jefferson street the west, Kinzie railroads. The railroads of the United States have a higher stan- street the north and Dearborn street the east. Dearborn street dard than those abroad. This is a commercial age. America is the greatest commercial and industrial nation. It is rapidly becom- was named after the fort, which in turn was named in honor of Gen- ing the financial center of the world. The time will come when it eral Henry Dearborn, Secretary of War; Kinzie street took its name will also hold the supremacy in the arts and the sciences that it from John Kinzie, the early white settler, while the others were now does in commerce. All these things will help to bring Chicago named after George Washington and Thomas Jefferson. North- to the front as the world metropolis.” The growth of population in ward from Washington street came Randolph, named after John Chicago is shown as follows : Randolph of Roanoke; Lake, after Lake Michigan; Fulton, named af- Census Population Change ter Robert Fulton, whose steamboat, the Claremont, had made its 1840 4,470 — first trip on the Hudson between New York and Albany just twenty- 1850 29,963 570.3% three years before Chicago was mapped out; Carroll street, after 1860 112,172 274.4% Charles Carroll of Carrollton, and then Kinzie street. 1870 298,977 166.5% Eastward from Jefferson the streets were named Clinton, af- 1880 503,185 68.3% ter DeWitt Clinton, chief promoter of the Erie Canal; Canal, af- 1890 1,099,850 118.6% ter the I. and M. Canal; east of the river the first street was named The present area of the city is 204 square miles. This is divided in-

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120 Wrigleyville

82 Ukrainian Village

62 Frederick Bogue Noyes

48 All Saints Church and Rectory

40 Humboldt Park Boathouse Pavilion

32 Restaurant Crew Job Fair Today In Naperville

24 14 Things To Do This Weekend (That Don’t Involve The Cubs)

18 Fail! See How a Showboating Chicago Bear Earned Entry Into ‘Idiot Hall Of Fame’

12 Quadriplegic marathoner completes nearly 18 miles of Chicago Marathon, may finish it today / Common Resurrection

10 Cheap Trick Heaven Tonight / Sears, Roebuck and Company Administration Building / Scary Movies to be Shown at Northerly Island Every Friday

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120 DAILY UNION

82 LITERARY BUDGET

62 BEE KEEPERS MAGAZINE

48 GRAIN AND PROVISION REVIEW

40 MARKET REVIEW AND PRICE CURRENT

32 CHICAGO & NORTHWESTERN RAILWAY BRIDGE

24 TWO FLAT IN LOGAN SQ W/ FREE LAUNDRY! CLOSE TO BLUE LINE

18 FOUND: A TREASURE TROVE OF CANDY WRAPPERS DATING BACK TO THE DEPRESSION

12 IT’S GOING TO BE ALMOST 90 DEGREES AND MUGGY ON WEDNESDAY / THE IMPRESSIONS: THE YOUNG MODS’ FORGOTTEN STORY

10 FOLKS IN HUMBOLDT PARK, LOGAN SQUARE AND LAKEVIEW ARE STEPPING UP TO HELP WITH FUNDRAISERS AND EVENTS / MAGIC SAM’S WEST SIDE SOUL

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◀◀ 6 / 7 pt Under the title of “Studies of the Great West” there This leads me to speak of another feature of Chica- ARCHITECTURALLY CHICAGO IS MORE INTERESTING THAN To show the wonderful manner in which the schools of appeared an article in Harper’s New Monthly Maga- go, which has no rival in this country; I mean the facil- MANY OLDER CITIES. ITS WEALTH AND OPPORTUNITY FOR Chicago have increased to keep pace with its ever-in- ◀ 6 / 7.25 pt zine in May, 1888, by the late Charles Dudley Warner. ity for pleasure driving and riding. Michigan avenue FINE BUILDING COMING WHEN OUR NATIONAL TASTE IS BE- creasing population, it is only necessary to mention This contribution is especially valuable in view of the from the mouth of the river, the centre of the town, is GINNING TO BE INDIVIDUAL, it has escaped the monoto- that in 1841 there were enrolled in the public schools 6 / 7.5 pt ▶ fact that Chicago at the time it was written had not yet macadamized. It and the other avenues immediate- ny and mediocrity in which New York for so many years a total of 410 pupils, with but five teachers in all reached the million mark: “Chicago is becoming mod- ly connected with the park system are not included in put its money, and out of the sameness of which it is branches. In 1911 there were 304,146 pupils enrolled, 6 / 8 pt ▶▶ est. Perhaps the inhabitants may still be able to con- the city street department, but are under the care of escaping in spots. Having also plenty of room, Chica- ceal their modesty, but nevertheless they feel it. The with 6,584 teachers. The appropriation made for the the Commissioners of Parks. No traffic is permitted go has been able to avoid the block system in its res- explanation is simple. The city has grown not only be- year 1912 was $17,146,575.00, which means that it on them, and consequently they are in superb condi- idences, and to give play to variety and creative ge- yond the most sanguine expectations of those who cost the city about $56.34 for each child’s training tion for driving, summer and winter. The whole length nius. It is impossible to do much with the interior of indulged in the most inflated hope of its future, but of Michigan avenue you will never see a loaded team. for that period. This does not include approximately it has grown beyond what they said they expected. a house in a block, however much you may load the These roads, that is Michigan avenue and the others front with ornament. Confined to a long parallelo- about 75,000 pupils in parochial schools. This gives the citizens pause as it might an eagle that of the park system, and the park drives, are superb laid a roc’s egg.” gram, and limited as to light and air, neither com- There is no question but that the public schools of for driving or riding, perfectly made for drainage and “The fact is, Chicago has become an independent fort nor individual taste can be consulted or satis- Chicago stand pre-eminent among the best of any mu- permanency, with a top-dressing of pulverized gran- organism, growing by a combination of forces and op- fied. Chicago is a city of detached houses, in the hum- nicipality in the country, and every effort is made to ite. The cost of Michigan avenue drive was two hun- portunities beyond the contrivance of any combina- bler quarters as well as in the magnificent avenues, make them as much more effective as possible. This dred thousand dollars a mile. The cost of the parks tion of men to help or hinder, beyond the need of flam- and the effect is home-like and beautiful at the same city can also boast of the University of Chicago, one ing circulars and reports of boards of trade and pro- and boulevards in each of the three divisions is met by a tax on the property in that division. The tax is con- time. There is great variety, stone, brick, and wood in- of the most richly endowed institutions of learning in cess pictures. It has passed the danger or the fear of termingled, plain and ornamental; but drive where America, with an enrollment of 6,466 students and rivalry, and reached the point where the growth of any siderable, but the wise liberality of the citizens has done for the town what only royalty usually accom- you will in the favorite residence parts of the vast city, 330 instructors in all its branches. It was founded in other portion of the great Northwest, or of any city in you will be continually surprised with the sight of no- it (whatever rivalry that city may show in industries plishes given it magnificent roads. And if good roads the year 1892. ble and artistic houses and homes displaying taste or in commerce), is in some way a contribution to the are a criterion of civilization, Chicago must stand The NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY OF EVANSTON, Illi- power and wealth of Chicago. To them that have shall very high. But it needed a community with a great as well as luxury. nois, just on the borders of the City of Chicago, is al- In addition to the business and public buildings be given. Cities, under favoring conditions, for lo- deal of dating and confidence in the future to create so another richly endowed institution of learning, and

◀ 7 / 9 pt The first line of cars was on State street, between Randolph and In the early days of Chicago this was undoubtedly the case. It is Robert Fergus, perhaps the most thorough of practical print- Twelfth streets, and these commenced operations April 25th, said that the good die young, but of the printer it might be re- ers, arrived in Chicago on July 1, 1839. He was born in the Gal- 7 / 9.5 pt 1859. The Madison street line was opened May 20th, 1859, and marked “Good printers die poor,” There may be exceptions, but lowgate of Glasgow, Scotland, August 14, 1815. At the age of 7 / 10 pt ▶ extended from Halsted to State street. The Randolph street line such as there are only prove the rule. 15 he was apprenticed to the printing business, and as a regu- opened July 15th, 1859. On the North Side the Wells street line All who think along these lines must admit that printing has lar indenture in those days meant a practical grounding in the extended from the river to Chicago avenue, and was opened in had much to do with the advancement of our city’s greatness, knowledge of the art, upon its completion and his setting forth the spring of 1859 ; the Clark street line was opened in August, the lifting of it into the prominent place it now occupies as well as a journeyman he possessed a knowledge of his business such 1859. The cars on all these roads were small and some of them as demonstrating to the whole world its marvelous history a were known as “bob-tailed cars.” They were all drawn by hors- as qualified him to earn a livelihood in any part of the world. city without a peer. es. The driver stood on the front platform in all conditions of He was married to Margaret Whitehead Scott, February, 1836. WITHOUT PRINTING THERE COULD BE NO PROGRESS, AS WE weather and drove his spirited team at the break-neck speed Mr. Fergus was closely identified with the early history of Chi- UNDERSTAND IT TODAY, OR IT WOULD BY COMPARISON BE ONLY of nearly four miles an hour, while the passenger sat inside, cago in the printing world, and was an acknowledged author- OF A LIMITED ORDER, AND GREAT CENTERS SUCH AS WE HAVE NOW and if it was wintertime almost froze. Oh! those cars. What mis- ity on all things pertaining to its early records. All his life he WOULD BE QUITE IMPOSSIBLE. TAKE PRINTING AWAY FROM OUR ery they represented in the winter season! How the passengers was identified with printing and publishing. The first book com- were huddled together a shivering mass of humanity with their PRESENTDAY MODE OF DOING BUSINESS, SHUT UP OUR LIBRARIES piled, printed, bound and issued in Chicago was the Directory of feet in danger of being frozen, and that too in spite of the straw AND OBLITERATE BOOKS, AND IMMEDIATELY WE SINK INTO A DEPTH 1844, which was placed upon the market in the year 1843. This so generously supplied by the companies for the benefit of their OF DARKNESS THAT WOULD APPALL US TO CONTEMPLATE. patrons, and which in a short time became so filthy that it was It is by viewing it in this light that anything that can be said directory was printed by Ellis & Fergus. It is said that the earli- unfit for bedding the beasts that hauled the cars. concerning the early printer of Chicago should prove of interest er directories of Chicago were compiled without copy. The pag- The car drivers’ life in those days, and, for the matter of to every studious mind, and not only those who are intimately es were held upon the imposing stone and when a newcomer ar- that, the conductors too, were full of incidents. It was not an connected with the craft but also those who have derived ines- rived his name, business and address were inserted in the form.

◀ 8 / 10 pt The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chicago was theDirectory of history-making, “Long John” was certainly one of the conspicuous citizens of Chica- 1844. It was placed upon the market in the year 1843. This Directory was compiled by 8 / 11 pt ▶ go, and, unlike nearly all of the promoters of newspapers of his day, he retired from J. Wellington Norris, and printed by Ellis & Fergus, from the Saloon Building, South Wa- the journalistic field with a competency, his real estate investments making him a ter and Clark streets. rich man and his natural Yankee shrewdness gave him an opportunity which he was The second Directory, prepared similarly to the first, was also compiled by Nor- not slow to turn to advantage. ris. It was printed by James Campbell & Co., Commercial Building, 65 Lake street. A lu- James J. Langdon was foreman of the Journal office in 1848. He later went -in dicrous incident is connected with the compilation and printing of this work. The first of Campbell & Co. came to a premature dissolution while the Directory was in process to business with Sterling P. Rounds and aided in establishing THE PRINTERS’ CABINET. of gestation. Mr. Campbell, who was a man of quick temper, becoming incensed at Mr. Mr. Rounds’ entire capital was $5.00. Mr. Langdon shortly thereafter retired to Prairie Norris (the Co.) forcibly ejected him from the office and threatened to kick him if he du Chien, Wis., and embarked in the horse business, but finding that his animals cost looked back. Some gentlemen, subsequently discussing the contention with Mr. Nor- him more than he could make out of them he returned to Chicago and again formed ris, asked him if he emulated the example of Lot’s wife. Norris replied, “No, I didn’t a partnership with Mr. Rounds. In December, 1856, there was but one other journal in look back.” This unseemly dispute severed the copartnership, as in point of fact any the United States that was devoted exclusively to the interest of the art preservative copartnership between Mr. Norris, a gentleman “as meek as Moses,” and Campbell, as The Typographical Advertiser. Rounds’ Cabinet was the first of that character in the fiery as a Scotch Highlander, was sure to come sooner or later to an abrupt termina- Northwest, the second in its date of issue, and the first monthly typographical journal tion. A notice in the Chicago Journal of April 16, 1845, dated April 15, 1845, announced in the Union. the dissolution of the firm of James Campbell & Co., and further that all demands LANGDON WAS A SKILLFUL WORKMAN AND MANY ANCIENT SPECIMENS BEARING THE against the same would be settled by James Campbell, to whom all money due said firm must be paid. Mr. Campbell is long since dead. Mr. Norris died a few years since in IMPRINT OF ROUNDS & LANGDON, WHOSE ESTABLISHMENT WAS THEN LOCATED AT NO. 46

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◀ 9 / 12 pt No story of Chicago would be complete without a short account of the The following is an extract from The Chicago Tribune of Sunday, October 8,

9 / 13 pt ▶ great fire of 1871, and nothing can prove more interesting than the state- the last issue before the office was destroyed. It is said to be one of the best ments of eye witnesses of that scene, and by these accounts and what his- descriptions of the scene now accessible: tory has proved, it stands today as one of the most appalling visitations “Only a few minutes elapsed after the striking of the alarm before the which the world had ever experienced. There were seventy-three miles of flames were seen sweeping to the sky, and the lurid light that illuminated streets burned and the total loss of property could not have been less than the horizon grew more and more powerful, casting its brilliant rays in every $200,000,000.00. The Custom House, the Court House, the Postoffice, the direction, bringing out in bold relief the fronts of the buildings which faced Chamber of Commerce and the great business blocks, the banks, the the- it from all quarters. The wind, seeming to rise as the flames did, set from aters and the newspaper offices, all went down together in the awful con- flagration. We can form some conception of the extent of the buildings and the Southwest, carrying with it in its onward rush streams of sparks, cin- property destroyed by the space burned over which, on the West Side, em- ders and partially burned pieces of wood, which covered the sky with daz- braced one hundred and twenty-four acres; South Side, four hundred and zling spangles, sweeping northwestward like a flight of meteors, but falling sixty acres; North Side, one thousand four hundred and seventy acres; mak- steadily in a fiery shower of rain, over that broad area embraced between ing a total area of two thousand one hundred and twenty-four acres, or the river, the South Branch, Wells street and Jackson street; the lighter ones nearly three and a half square miles, being about four miles in length and going far over on the North Division, while the heavier and more dangerous from one to one and a half in width. The number of buildings destroyed was ones fell before they reached that point. They dropped with great force to seventeen thousand four hundred and fifty, and nearly one hundred thou- the ground, to the occasional danger of the foot passenger and the frighten- sand persons were left homeless. ing of horses, and showered upon roofs of buildings, inspiring constant fear The conflagration of 1871 wiped out the old Chicago that had been built that other conflagrations would break out, and that a terribly broad area prior to that time, and from its ashes arose a city of such proportions and would be covered by the flames, and put it out of the power of the engines to such grandeur as the world previously had never seen. At the time of its de- combat them.” struction it was looked upon as one of the greatest calamities visited up- on mankind, but the ultimate effect was to direct the eyes of the world up- “Late as it was, the splendor of the flames and the wonderful brillian- on it and make it the Mecca of thousands of venturesome spirits, so that it cy of the sky were such as to attract enormous crowds from every quarter.

◀ 10 / 14 pt has no competition in population except in New York and London. The study of Chicago street names is an interesting pursuit, and it 10 / 15 pt ▶ London lacks the possibilities of expansion and sooner or later will brings to light many a bit of forgotten history. The first survey of Chi- reach the maximum of growth. “The astounding and unparalleled cago was made in 1830 by James Thompson, and embraced an ar- growth of cities in the present period will help Chicago. The tenden- ea of about three-eighths of a square mile. Besides the garrison at cy is becoming more and more marked for mankind to get in close Fort Dearborn, the population did not exceed 100. Three of the bound- contact. Cities today are larger than they ever were before. The dom- ary streets of the village were named after the most prominent men inance of railroads over the affairs of mankind will mean the most of the day, the survey showing that Washington street was the south rapid growth for Chicago, the greatest center of railroads. The boundary, Jefferson street the west, Kinzie street the north and railroads of the United States have a higher standard than those Dearborn street the east. Dearborn street was named after the fort, abroad. This is a commercial age. America is the greatest commer- cial and industrial nation. It is rapidly becoming the financial center which in turn was named in honor of General Henry Dearborn, Secre- of the world. The time will come when it will also hold the supremacy tary of War; Kinzie street took its name from John Kinzie, the early in the arts and the sciences that it now does in commerce. All these white settler, while the others were named after George Washington things will help to bring Chicago to the front as the world metropo- and Thomas Jefferson. Northward from Washington street came Ran- lis.” The growth of population in Chicago is shown as follows : dolph, named after John Randolph of Roanoke; Lake, after Lake Mich- Census Population Change igan; Fulton, named after Robert Fulton, whose steamboat, the Clare- 1840 4,470 — mont, had made its first trip on the Hudson between New York and Al- 1850 29,963 570.3% bany just twenty-three years before Chicago was mapped out; Carroll 1860 112,172 274.4% street, after Charles Carroll of Carrollton, and then Kinzie street. 1870 298,977 166.5% Eastward from Jefferson the streets were named Clinton, af- 1880 503,185 68.3% ter DeWitt Clinton, chief promoter of the Erie Canal; Canal, after the 1890 1,099,850 118.6% I. and M. Canal; east of the river the first street was named Market The present area of the city is 204 square miles. This is divided into street because the city market was located in the middle of the thor- thirty-five wards. The Twenty-seventh ward, the largest in the city,

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120 Goose Island

82 Delaware Building

62 Longwood Drive District

48 Joseph Junk Brewing Company

40 Tree Studios, Annexes, and Courtyard

32 Its Tagline is “The Happiest Place in Chicago.”

24 One Chicago Spot Made The ‘World’s 50 Best Bars’ List For 2017

18 Purr-fect: Windy Kitty, Chicago’s Newest Cat Cafe, Arrives in Bucktown this Month

12 Woman seriously injured after lighting what she thought was a candle — it was a firework / The Buckinghams: Kind Of A Drag

10 House prices in suburban Harvey were down 81 percent from precrash levels of a decade ago, the biggest drop across the six-county suburban area

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120 RAILWAY AGE

82 EVENING JOURNAL

62 AMERICAN ANTIQUARIAN

48 WESTERN PHOTOGRAPHIC NEWS

40 ELECTRIC INTERURBAN RAILWAY GUIDE

32 CARL CORPER BREWING AND MALTING COMPANY

24 POP OFF: IT LOOKS LIKE THE SUGARY DRINKS TAX IS ABOUT TO DIE

18 TOOTSIE ROLL INDUSTRIES INC. / HIBBARD, SPENCER, BARTLETT & CO. / BUTLER BROS.

12 THE CITY HAS BROKEN THREE RECORDS FOR HIGH TEMPERATURES IN A ROW / HISTORY MUSEUM SEEKS $3 HIKE IN ADMISSION FEES

10 GET YOUR OUTDOOR FUN IN EARLY. IT COULD RAIN ON SUNDAY, ACCORDING TO THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE / SELL US YOUR ANTIQUE WASHING MACHINE

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◀◀ 6 / 7 pt Under the title of “Studies of the Great West” there ap- This leads me to speak of another feature of Chicago, ARCHITECTURALLY CHICAGO IS MORE INTERESTING THAN To show the wonderful manner in which the schools of peared an article in Harper’s New Monthly Magazine in which has no rival in this country; I mean the facility for MANY OLDER CITIES. ITS WEALTH AND OPPORTUNITY FOR Chicago have increased to keep pace with its ever-in- ◀ 6 / 7.25 pt May, 1888, by the late Charles Dudley Warner. This contri- pleasure driving and riding. Michigan avenue from the FINE BUILDING COMING WHEN OUR NATIONAL TASTE IS BE- creasing population, it is only necessary to mention that bution is especially valuable in view of the fact that Chi- mouth of the river, the centre of the town, is macadam- GINNING TO BE INDIVIDUAL, it has escaped the monotony in 1841 there were enrolled in the public schools a to- 6 / 7.5 pt ▶ cago at the time it was written had not yet reached the ized. It and the other avenues immediately connected and mediocrity in which New York for so many years put tal of 410 pupils, with but five teachers in all branch- million mark: “Chicago is becoming modest. Perhaps with the park system are not included in the city street its money, and out of the sameness of which it is escaping es. In 1911 there were 304,146 pupils enrolled, with 6,584 6 / 8 pt ▶▶ the inhabitants may still be able to conceal their modes- department, but are under the care of the Commission- in spots. Having also plenty of room, Chicago has been ty, but nevertheless they feel it. The explanation is sim- teachers. The appropriation made for the year 1912 was ers of Parks. No traffic is permitted on them, and -con able to avoid the block system in its residences, and to ple. The city has grown not only beyond the most san- $17,146,575.00, which means that it cost the city about sequently they are in superb condition for driving, sum- give play to variety and creative genius. It is impossible guine expectations of those who indulged in the most in- $56.34 for each child’s training for that period. This does mer and winter. The whole length of Michigan avenue you to do much with the interior of a house in a block, howev- flated hope of its future, but it has grown beyond what will never see a loaded team. These roads, that is Mich- not include approximately about 75,000 pupils in pa- they said they expected. This gives the citizens pause as er much you may load the front with ornament. Confined igan avenue and the others of the park system, and the to a long parallelogram, and limited as to light and air, rochial schools. it might an eagle that laid a roc’s egg.” park drives, are superb for driving or riding, perfect- “The fact is, Chicago has become an independent or- neither comfort nor individual taste can be consulted There is no question but that the public schools of ly made for drainage and permanency, with a top-dress- ganism, growing by a combination of forces and opportu- or satisfied. Chicago is a city of detached houses, in the Chicago stand pre-eminent among the best of any mu- ing of pulverized granite. The cost of Michigan avenue nities beyond the contrivance of any combination of men humbler quarters as well as in the magnificent avenues, nicipality in the country, and every effort is made to drive was two hundred thousand dollars a mile. The cost to help or hinder, beyond the need of flaming circulars and the effect is home-like and beautiful at the same make them as much more effective as possible. This city of the parks and boulevards in each of the three divisions and reports of boards of trade and process pictures. It time. There is great variety, stone, brick, and wood inter- can also boast of the University of Chicago, one of the has passed the danger or the fear of rivalry, and reached is met by a tax on the property in that division. The tax is considerable, but the wise liberality of the citizens has mingled, plain and ornamental; but drive where you will most richly endowed institutions of learning in America, the point where the growth of any other portion of the in the favorite residence parts of the vast city, you will be with an enrollment of 6,466 students and 330 instruc- great Northwest, or of any city in it (whatever rivalry that done for the town what only royalty usually accomplishes given it magnificent roads. And if good roads are a crite- continually surprised with the sight of noble and artistic tors in all its branches. It was founded in the year 1892. city may show in industries or in commerce), is in some houses and homes displaying taste as well as luxury. way a contribution to the power and wealth of Chica- rion of civilization, Chicago must stand very high. But it The NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY OF EVANSTON, Illi- In addition to the business and public buildings go. To them that have shall be given. Cities, under favor- needed a community with a great deal of dating and con- nois, just on the borders of the City of Chicago, is also ing conditions, for local expansion, which reach a certain fidence in the future to create this park system. of which I spoke, there are several, like the Art Muse- another richly endowed institution of learning, and has um, the Studebaker Building, and the new Auditorium, amount of population and wealth, grow by a kind of nat- One in the heart of the city has not to drive three or 3,788 students with 361 instructors.

◀ 7 / 9 pt The first line of cars was on State street, between Randolph and In the early days of Chicago this was undoubtedly the case. It is Robert Fergus, perhaps the most thorough of practical printers, Twelfth streets, and these commenced operations April 25th, 1859. said that the good die young, but of the printer it might be re- arrived in Chicago on July 1, 1839. He was born in the Gallowgate of 7 / 9.5 pt The Madison street line was opened May 20th, 1859, and extend- marked “Good printers die poor,” There may be exceptions, but Glasgow, Scotland, August 14, 1815. At the age of 15 he was appren- 7 / 10 pt ▶ ed from Halsted to State street. The Randolph street line opened such as there are only prove the rule. ticed to the printing business, and as a regular indenture in those July 15th, 1859. On the North Side the Wells street line extended All who think along these lines must admit that printing has days meant a practical grounding in the knowledge of the art, up- from the river to Chicago avenue, and was opened in the spring of had much to do with the advancement of our city’s greatness, the on its completion and his setting forth as a journeyman he pos- 1859 ; the Clark street line was opened in August, 1859. The cars on lifting of it into the prominent place it now occupies as well as sessed a knowledge of his business such as qualified him to earn all these roads were small and some of them were known as “bob- demonstrating to the whole world its marvelous history a city with- tailed cars.” They were all drawn by horses. The driver stood on the a livelihood in any part of the world. He was married to Marga- out a peer. front platform in all conditions of weather and drove his spirited ret Whitehead Scott, February, 1836. Mr. Fergus was closely iden- WITHOUT PRINTING THERE COULD BE NO PROGRESS, AS WE UN- team at the break-neck speed of nearly four miles an hour, while tified with the early history of Chicago in the printing world, and DERSTAND IT TODAY, OR IT WOULD BY COMPARISON BE ONLY OF A LIM- the passenger sat inside, and if it was wintertime almost froze. Oh! was an acknowledged authority on all things pertaining to its ear- ITED ORDER, AND GREAT CENTERS SUCH AS WE HAVE NOW WOULD BE those cars. What misery they represented in the winter season! ly records. All his life he was identified with printing and publish- QUITE IMPOSSIBLE. TAKE PRINTING AWAY FROM OUR PRESENTDAY How the passengers were huddled together a shivering mass of hu- ing. The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chica- manity with their feet in danger of being frozen, and that too in MODE OF DOING BUSINESS, SHUT UP OUR LIBRARIES AND OBLITERATE go was the Directory of 1844, which was placed upon the market in spite of the straw so generously supplied by the companies for the BOOKS, AND IMMEDIATELY WE SINK INTO A DEPTH OF DARKNESS THAT the year 1843. This directory was printed by Ellis & Fergus. It is said benefit of their patrons, and which in a short time became so filthy WOULD APPALL US TO CONTEMPLATE. that it was unfit for bedding the beasts that hauled the cars. It is by viewing it in this light that anything that can be said that the earlier directories of Chicago were compiled without co- The car drivers’ life in those days, and, for the matter of that, concerning the early printer of Chicago should prove of interest to py. The pages were held upon the imposing stone and when a new- the conductors too, were full of incidents. It was not an uncom- every studious mind, and not only those who are intimately con- comer arrived his name, business and address were inserted in the mon thing for the car often to leave the track, even on a short trip, nected with the craft but also those who have derived inestimable form. In this way new names were added until the time arrived to

◀ 8 / 10 pt The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chicago was theDirectory of 1844. history-making, “Long John” was certainly one of the conspicuous citizens of Chicago, It was placed upon the market in the year 1843. This Directory was compiled by J. Wel- 8 / 11 pt ▶ and, unlike nearly all of the promoters of newspapers of his day, he retired from the jour- lington Norris, and printed by Ellis & Fergus, from the Saloon Building, South Water and nalistic field with a competency, his real estate investments making him a rich man and Clark streets. his natural Yankee shrewdness gave him an opportunity which he was not slow to turn The second Directory, prepared similarly to the first, was also compiled by Norris. It to advantage. was printed by James Campbell & Co., Commercial Building, 65 Lake street. A ludicrous in- James J. Langdon was foreman of the Journal office in 1848. He later went into busi- cident is connected with the compilation and printing of this work. The first of Campbell & Co. came to a premature dissolution while the Directory was in process of gestation. Mr. ness with Sterling P. Rounds and aided in establishing THE PRINTERS’ CABINET. Mr. Rounds’ Campbell, who was a man of quick temper, becoming incensed at Mr. Norris (the Co.) forc- entire capital was $5.00. Mr. Langdon shortly thereafter retired to Prairie du Chien, Wis., ibly ejected him from the office and threatened to kick him if he looked back. Some gen- and embarked in the horse business, but finding that his animals cost him more than he tlemen, subsequently discussing the contention with Mr. Norris, asked him if he emulat- could make out of them he returned to Chicago and again formed a partnership with Mr. ed the example of Lot’s wife. Norris replied, “No, I didn’t look back.” This unseemly dis- Rounds. In December, 1856, there was but one other journal in the United States that was pute severed the copartnership, as in point of fact any copartnership between Mr. Norris, devoted exclusively to the interest of the art preservative The Typographical Advertiser. a gentleman “as meek as Moses,” and Campbell, as fiery as a Scotch Highlander, was sure Rounds’ Cabinet was the first of that character in the Northwest, the second in its date of to come sooner or later to an abrupt termination. A notice in the Chicago Journal of April issue, and the first monthly typographical journal in the Union. 16, 1845, dated April 15, 1845, announced the dissolution of the firm of James Campbell & LANGDON WAS A SKILLFUL WORKMAN AND MANY ANCIENT SPECIMENS BEARING THE IM- Co., and further that all demands against the same would be settled by James Campbell, PRINT OF ROUNDS & LANGDON, WHOSE ESTABLISHMENT WAS THEN LOCATED AT NO. 46 STATE to whom all money due said firm must be paid. Mr. Campbell is long since dead. Mr. Norris died a few years since in the interior of this state. It is doubtful if he made a living by his STREET, TODAY ARE WORTHY OF ADMIRATION BECAUSE OF THE ARTISTIC EXECUTION WITH

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◀ 9 / 12 pt No story of Chicago would be complete without a short account of the great fire The following is an extract from The Chicago Tribune of Sunday, October 8, the

9 / 13 pt ▶ of 1871, and nothing can prove more interesting than the statements of eye wit- last issue before the office was destroyed. It is said to be one of the best descrip- nesses of that scene, and by these accounts and what history has proved, it tions of the scene now accessible: stands today as one of the most appalling visitations which the world had ev- “Only a few minutes elapsed after the striking of the alarm before the er experienced. There were seventy-three miles of streets burned and the to- flames were seen sweeping to the sky, and the lurid light that illuminated the tal loss of property could not have been less than $200,000,000.00. The Custom horizon grew more and more powerful, casting its brilliant rays in every direc- House, the Court House, the Postoffice, the Chamber of Commerce and the great tion, bringing out in bold relief the fronts of the buildings which faced it from business blocks, the banks, the theaters and the newspaper offices, all went all quarters. The wind, seeming to rise as the flames did, set from the South- down together in the awful conflagration. We can form some conception of the extent of the buildings and property destroyed by the space burned over which, west, carrying with it in its onward rush streams of sparks, cinders and partial- on the West Side, embraced one hundred and twenty-four acres; South Side, ly burned pieces of wood, which covered the sky with dazzling spangles, sweep- four hundred and sixty acres; North Side, one thousand four hundred and sev- ing northwestward like a flight of meteors, but falling steadily in a fiery show- enty acres; making a total area of two thousand one hundred and twenty-four er of rain, over that broad area embraced between the river, the South Branch, acres, or nearly three and a half square miles, being about four miles in length Wells street and Jackson street; the lighter ones going far over on the North Di- and from one to one and a half in width. The number of buildings destroyed was vision, while the heavier and more dangerous ones fell before they reached that seventeen thousand four hundred and fifty, and nearly one hundred thousand point. They dropped with great force to the ground, to the occasional danger of persons were left homeless. the foot passenger and the frightening of horses, and showered upon roofs of The conflagration of 1871 wiped out the old Chicago that had been built pri- buildings, inspiring constant fear that other conflagrations would break out, or to that time, and from its ashes arose a city of such proportions and such and that a terribly broad area would be covered by the flames, and put it out of grandeur as the world previously had never seen. At the time of its destruction the power of the engines to combat them.” it was looked upon as one of the greatest calamities visited upon mankind, but “Late as it was, the splendor of the flames and the wonderful brilliancy of the ultimate effect was to direct the eyes of the world upon it and make it the Mecca of thousands of venturesome spirits, so that it attracted men from every the sky were such as to attract enormous crowds from every quarter. The dense- clime, men of towering ambition and energy; men with means and those without ly populated sections of the West Division lying near the fire would have, of it-

◀ 10 / 14 pt has no competition in population except in New York and London. Lon- The study of Chicago street names is an interesting pursuit, and it 10 / 15 pt ▶ don lacks the possibilities of expansion and sooner or later will reach the brings to light many a bit of forgotten history. The first survey of Chi- maximum of growth. “The astounding and unparalleled growth of cit- cago was made in 1830 by James Thompson, and embraced an area of ies in the present period will help Chicago. The tendency is becoming about three-eighths of a square mile. Besides the garrison at Fort Dear- more and more marked for mankind to get in close contact. Cities today born, the population did not exceed 100. Three of the boundary streets are larger than they ever were before. The dominance of railroads over of the village were named after the most prominent men of the day, the the affairs of mankind will mean the most rapid growth for Chicago, the survey showing that Washington street was the south boundary, Jef- greatest center of railroads. The railroads of the United States have a ferson street the west, Kinzie street the north and Dearborn street higher standard than those abroad. This is a commercial age. America is the east. Dearborn street was named after the fort, which in turn was the greatest commercial and industrial nation. It is rapidly becoming the financial center of the world. The time will come when it will also hold the named in honor of General Henry Dearborn, Secretary of War; Kinzie supremacy in the arts and the sciences that it now does in commerce. All street took its name from John Kinzie, the early white settler, while the these things will help to bring Chicago to the front as the world metropo- others were named after George Washington and Thomas Jefferson. lis.” The growth of population in Chicago is shown as follows : Northward from Washington street came Randolph, named after John Census Population Change Randolph of Roanoke; Lake, after Lake Michigan; Fulton, named after 1840 4,470 — Robert Fulton, whose steamboat, the Claremont, had made its first trip 1850 29,963 570.3% on the Hudson between New York and Albany just twenty-three years be- 1860 112,172 274.4% fore Chicago was mapped out; Carroll street, after Charles Carroll of 1870 298,977 166.5% Carrollton, and then Kinzie street. 1880 503,185 68.3% Eastward from Jefferson the streets were named Clinton, after -De 1890 1,099,850 118.6% Witt Clinton, chief promoter of the Erie Canal; Canal, after the I. and The present area of the city is 204 square miles. This is divided into M. Canal; east of the river the first street was named Market street be- thirty-five wards. The Twenty-seventh ward, the largest in the city, in- cause the city market was located in the middle of the thoroughfare, creased in population for the decade ending in 1910, 156 per cent. It now

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120 Schoenhofen

82 Harold Washington

62 Kaufmann Store and Flat

48 Old Chicago Coast Guard Station

40 Michigan Avenue Bridge and Esplanade

32 The Best Vegan-Friendly Restaurants In Chicago

24 54 Percent Of Pets In The US Are Overweight Or Obese, Study Says

18 Men Stole Handbags from Magnificent Mile Shop, Crashed Car After Police Chase: Cops

12 Pace to add new, quicker bus service for some city and suburban arterial routes / Labor Day Had A Surprisingly Bloody Beginning

10 Hundreds Of Bars Searchable By Neighborhood And Our Top Recommended Watering Holes In Chicago / Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway Bridge No. Z2

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120 RESTITUTION

82 SUNDAY DEMOCRAT

62 WESTERN FARM JOURNAL

48 DAILY RECORD & HOTEL REGISTER

40 RAILROADER AND RAILWAY ENTERPRISE

32 GARFIELD BOULEVARD ’L’ STATION AND OVERPASS

24 RESTAURANT CREW JOB FAIR! COME CHECK US OUT IN NAPERVILLE

18 FOOD AND DRINK DEALS FROM CHICAGO BARS FOR CUBS’ FIRST-ROUND PLAYOFF SERIES

12 IT HIT 91 DEGREES ON TUESDAY, BREAKING ANOTHER RECORD / WHEN IT COMES TO NUTS SQUIRRELS ARE CRAZY, BUT NOT LIKE A FOX

10 NOTEBAERT NATURE MUSEUM EXPERT SAID INSECTS HAVE BEEN SEEN AT NEARLY TWICE AS MANY PLACES AS LAST YEAR / GENERAL AMERICAN TRANSPORTATION

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◀◀ 6 / 7 pt Under the title of “Studies of the Great West” there ap- This leads me to speak of another feature of Chicago, which ARCHITECTURALLY CHICAGO IS MORE INTERESTING THAN MA- To show the wonderful manner in which the schools of Chi- peared an article in Harper’s New Monthly Magazine in May, has no rival in this country; I mean the facility for plea- NY OLDER CITIES. ITS WEALTH AND OPPORTUNITY FOR FINE cago have increased to keep pace with its ever-increas- ◀ 6 / 7.25 pt 1888, by the late Charles Dudley Warner. This contribution sure driving and riding. Michigan avenue from the mouth BUILDING COMING WHEN OUR NATIONAL TASTE IS BEGINNING ing population, it is only necessary to mention that in 1841 is especially valuable in view of the fact that Chicago at the of the river, the centre of the town, is macadamized. It and TO BE INDIVIDUAL, it has escaped the monotony and medi- there were enrolled in the public schools a total of 410 pu- 6 / 7.5 pt ▶ time it was written had not yet reached the million mark: the other avenues immediately connected with the park ocrity in which New York for so many years put its mon- pils, with but five teachers in all branches. In 1911 there “Chicago is becoming modest. Perhaps the inhabitants may system are not included in the city street department, but ey, and out of the sameness of which it is escaping in spots. were 304,146 pupils enrolled, with 6,584 teachers. The ap- 6 / 8 pt ▶▶ still be able to conceal their modesty, but nevertheless they are under the care of the Commissioners of Parks. No traf- Having also plenty of room, Chicago has been able to avoid feel it. The explanation is simple. The city has grown not propriation made for the year 1912 was $17,146,575.00, fic is permitted on them, and consequently they are in -su the block system in its residences, and to give play to va- only beyond the most sanguine expectations of those who which means that it cost the city about $56.34 for each perb condition for driving, summer and winter. The whole riety and creative genius. It is impossible to do much with indulged in the most inflated hope of its future, but it has child’s training for that period. This does not include ap- length of Michigan avenue you will never see a loaded team. the interior of a house in a block, however much you may grown beyond what they said they expected. This gives the These roads, that is Michigan avenue and the others of the proximately about 75,000 pupils in parochial schools. citizens pause as it might an eagle that laid a roc’s egg.” load the front with ornament. Confined to a long paral- park system, and the park drives, are superb for driving or lelogram, and limited as to light and air, neither comfort There is no question but that the public schools of Chi- “The fact is, Chicago has become an independent or- riding, perfectly made for drainage and permanency, with ganism, growing by a combination of forces and opportuni- nor individual taste can be consulted or satisfied. Chica- cago stand pre-eminent among the best of any municipali- a top-dressing of pulverized granite. The cost of Michigan ties beyond the contrivance of any combination of men to go is a city of detached houses, in the humbler quarters as ty in the country, and every effort is made to make them as avenue drive was two hundred thousand dollars a mile. The help or hinder, beyond the need of flaming circulars and re- well as in the magnificent avenues, and the effect is home- much more effective as possible. This city can also boast of cost of the parks and boulevards in each of the three divi- ports of boards of trade and process pictures. It has passed like and beautiful at the same time. There is great variety, the University of Chicago, one of the most richly endowed sions is met by a tax on the property in that division. The the danger or the fear of rivalry, and reached the point stone, brick, and wood intermingled, plain and ornamen- institutions of learning in America, with an enrollment of where the growth of any other portion of the great North- tax is considerable, but the wise liberality of the citizens has done for the town what only royalty usually accom- tal; but drive where you will in the favorite residence parts 6,466 students and 330 instructors in all its branches. It west, or of any city in it (whatever rivalry that city may of the vast city, you will be continually surprised with the was founded in the year 1892. show in industries or in commerce), is in some way a con- plishes given it magnificent roads. And if good roads are a criterion of civilization, Chicago must stand very high. But sight of noble and artistic houses and homes displaying The NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY OF EVANSTON, Illinois, tribution to the power and wealth of Chicago. To them that taste as well as luxury. have shall be given. Cities, under favoring conditions, for it needed a community with a great deal of dating and con- just on the borders of the City of Chicago, is also another In addition to the business and public buildings of local expansion, which reach a certain amount of popula- fidence in the future to create this park system. richly endowed institution of learning, and has 3,788 stu- tion and wealth, grow by a kind of natural increment, the One in the heart of the city has not to drive three or which I spoke, there are several, like the Art Museum, the dents with 361 instructors. Studebaker Building, and the new Auditorium, which would law of attraction, very well known in human nature, which four miles over cobble-stones and ruts to get to good driv- There are also numerous other places of learning and

◀ 7 / 9 pt The first line of cars was on State street, between Randolph and In the early days of Chicago this was undoubtedly the case. It is said Robert Fergus, perhaps the most thorough of practical printers, ar- Twelfth streets, and these commenced operations April 25th, 1859. that the good die young, but of the printer it might be remarked rived in Chicago on July 1, 1839. He was born in the Gallowgate of 7 / 9.5 pt The Madison street line was opened May 20th, 1859, and extend- “Good printers die poor,” There may be exceptions, but such as there Glasgow, Scotland, August 14, 1815. At the age of 15 he was appren- 7 / 10 pt ▶ ed from Halsted to State street. The Randolph street line opened Ju- are only prove the rule. ticed to the printing business, and as a regular indenture in those ly 15th, 1859. On the North Side the Wells street line extended from All who think along these lines must admit that printing has had days meant a practical grounding in the knowledge of the art, upon the river to Chicago avenue, and was opened in the spring of 1859 ; much to do with the advancement of our city’s greatness, the lifting its completion and his setting forth as a journeyman he possessed a the Clark street line was opened in August, 1859. The cars on all these of it into the prominent place it now occupies as well as demonstrat- knowledge of his business such as qualified him to earn a livelihood roads were small and some of them were known as “bob-tailed cars.” ing to the whole world its marvelous history a city without a peer. They were all drawn by horses. The driver stood on the front platform in any part of the world. He was married to Margaret Whitehead Scott, WITHOUT PRINTING THERE COULD BE NO PROGRESS, AS WE UNDER- in all conditions of weather and drove his spirited team at the break- February, 1836. Mr. Fergus was closely identified with the early histo- STAND IT TODAY, OR IT WOULD BY COMPARISON BE ONLY OF A LIMITED neck speed of nearly four miles an hour, while the passenger sat in- ry of Chicago in the printing world, and was an acknowledged authori- ORDER, AND GREAT CENTERS SUCH AS WE HAVE NOW WOULD BE QUITE side, and if it was wintertime almost froze. Oh! those cars. What mis- ty on all things pertaining to its early records. All his life he was iden- IMPOSSIBLE. TAKE PRINTING AWAY FROM OUR PRESENTDAY MODE OF DO- ery they represented in the winter season! How the passengers were tified with printing and publishing. The first book compiled, print- ING BUSINESS, SHUT UP OUR LIBRARIES AND OBLITERATE BOOKS, AND huddled together a shivering mass of humanity with their feet in dan- ed, bound and issued in Chicago was the Directory of 1844, which was ger of being frozen, and that too in spite of the straw so generously IMMEDIATELY WE SINK INTO A DEPTH OF DARKNESS THAT WOULD APPALL placed upon the market in the year 1843. This directory was printed supplied by the companies for the benefit of their patrons, and which US TO CONTEMPLATE. by Ellis & Fergus. It is said that the earlier directories of Chicago were in a short time became so filthy that it was unfit for bedding the It is by viewing it in this light that anything that can be said con- beasts that hauled the cars. cerning the early printer of Chicago should prove of interest to every compiled without copy. The pages were held upon the imposing stone The car drivers’ life in those days, and, for the matter of that, the studious mind, and not only those who are intimately connected with and when a newcomer arrived his name, business and address were conductors too, were full of incidents. It was not an uncommon thing the craft but also those who have derived inestimable benefits from inserted in the form. In this way new names were added until the time for the car often to leave the track, even on a short trip, and the pas- the self-sacrificing labors of the craftsmen themselves. arrived to republish the book. It is stated that Mr. Fergus on many oc-

◀ 8 / 10 pt The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chicago was theDirectory of 1844. It history-making, “Long John” was certainly one of the conspicuous citizens of Chicago, and, was placed upon the market in the year 1843. This Directory was compiled by J. Wellington 8 / 11 pt ▶ unlike nearly all of the promoters of newspapers of his day, he retired from the journalistic Norris, and printed by Ellis & Fergus, from the Saloon Building, South Water and Clark streets. field with a competency, his real estate investments making him a rich man and his natural The second Directory, prepared similarly to the first, was also compiled by Norris. It was Yankee shrewdness gave him an opportunity which he was not slow to turn to advantage. printed by James Campbell & Co., Commercial Building, 65 Lake street. A ludicrous incident James J. Langdon was foreman of the Journal office in 1848. He later went into business is connected with the compilation and printing of this work. The first of Campbell & Co. came with Sterling P. Rounds and aided in establishing THE PRINTERS’ CABINET. Mr. Rounds’ entire to a premature dissolution while the Directory was in process of gestation. Mr. Campbell, who was a man of quick temper, becoming incensed at Mr. Norris (the Co.) forcibly ejected him capital was $5.00. Mr. Langdon shortly thereafter retired to Prairie du Chien, Wis., and em- from the office and threatened to kick him if he looked back. Some gentlemen, subsequently barked in the horse business, but finding that his animals cost him more than he could make discussing the contention with Mr. Norris, asked him if he emulated the example of Lot’s wife. out of them he returned to Chicago and again formed a partnership with Mr. Rounds. In De- Norris replied, “No, I didn’t look back.” This unseemly dispute severed the copartnership, as cember, 1856, there was but one other journal in the United States that was devoted exclu- in point of fact any copartnership between Mr. Norris, a gentleman “as meek as Moses,” and sively to the interest of the art preservative The Typographical Advertiser. Rounds’ Cabinet Campbell, as fiery as a Scotch Highlander, was sure to come sooner or later to an abrupt ter- was the first of that character in the Northwest, the second in its date of issue, and the first mination. A notice in the Chicago Journal of April 16, 1845, dated April 15, 1845, announced monthly typographical journal in the Union. the dissolution of the firm of James Campbell & Co., and further that all demands against the LANGDON WAS A SKILLFUL WORKMAN AND MANY ANCIENT SPECIMENS BEARING THE IMPRINT same would be settled by James Campbell, to whom all money due said firm must be paid. Mr. OF ROUNDS & LANGDON, WHOSE ESTABLISHMENT WAS THEN LOCATED AT NO. 46 STATE STREET, Campbell is long since dead. Mr. Norris died a few years since in the interior of this state. It is TODAY ARE WORTHY OF ADMIRATION BECAUSE OF THE ARTISTIC EXECUTION WITH WHICH THEY doubtful if he made a living by his literary labors in Chicago. The next Chicago Directory was entitled “Norris’ Business Directory for 1846,” Eastman WERE TURNED OUT.

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◀ 9 / 12 pt No story of Chicago would be complete without a short account of the great fire of The following is an extract from The Chicago Tribune of Sunday, October 8, the last

9 / 13 pt ▶ 1871, and nothing can prove more interesting than the statements of eye witnesses issue before the office was destroyed. It is said to be one of the best descriptions of of that scene, and by these accounts and what history has proved, it stands today as the scene now accessible: one of the most appalling visitations which the world had ever experienced. There “Only a few minutes elapsed after the striking of the alarm before the flames were seventy-three miles of streets burned and the total loss of property could were seen sweeping to the sky, and the lurid light that illuminated the horizon grew not have been less than $200,000,000.00. The Custom House, the Court House, the more and more powerful, casting its brilliant rays in every direction, bringing out Postoffice, the Chamber of Commerce and the great business blocks, the banks, in bold relief the fronts of the buildings which faced it from all quarters. The wind, the theaters and the newspaper offices, all went down together in the awful con- seeming to rise as the flames did, set from the Southwest, carrying with it in its on- flagration. We can form some conception of the extent of the buildings and proper- ty destroyed by the space burned over which, on the West Side, embraced one hun- ward rush streams of sparks, cinders and partially burned pieces of wood, which dred and twenty-four acres; South Side, four hundred and sixty acres; North Side, covered the sky with dazzling spangles, sweeping northwestward like a flight of me- one thousand four hundred and seventy acres; making a total area of two thousand teors, but falling steadily in a fiery shower of rain, over that broad area embraced one hundred and twenty-four acres, or nearly three and a half square miles, being between the river, the South Branch, Wells street and Jackson street; the light- about four miles in length and from one to one and a half in width. The number of er ones going far over on the North Division, while the heavier and more danger- buildings destroyed was seventeen thousand four hundred and fifty, and nearly one ous ones fell before they reached that point. They dropped with great force to the hundred thousand persons were left homeless. ground, to the occasional danger of the foot passenger and the frightening of hors- The conflagration of 1871 wiped out the old Chicago that had been built prior es, and showered upon roofs of buildings, inspiring constant fear that other con- to that time, and from its ashes arose a city of such proportions and such grandeur flagrations would break out, and that a terribly broad area would be covered by the as the world previously had never seen. At the time of its destruction it was looked flames, and put it out of the power of the engines to combat them.” upon as one of the greatest calamities visited upon mankind, but the ultimate ef- “Late as it was, the splendor of the flames and the wonderful brilliancy of the fect was to direct the eyes of the world upon it and make it the Mecca of thousands sky were such as to attract enormous crowds from every quarter. The densely pop- of venturesome spirits, so that it attracted men from every clime, men of towering ambition and energy; men with means and those without means, but of unrivaled ulated sections of the West Division lying near the fire would have, of itself, been skill, to assist in placing it where it stands today, the cynosure of all eyes and the sufficient to choke up the surrounding streets with an impassable crowd; but as

◀ 10 / 14 pt has no competition in population except in New York and London. London The study of Chicago street names is an interesting pursuit, and it brings 10 / 15 pt ▶ lacks the possibilities of expansion and sooner or later will reach the max- to light many a bit of forgotten history. The first survey of Chicago was imum of growth. “The astounding and unparalleled growth of cities in the made in 1830 by James Thompson, and embraced an area of about three- present period will help Chicago. The tendency is becoming more and more eighths of a square mile. Besides the garrison at Fort Dearborn, the pop- marked for mankind to get in close contact. Cities today are larger than ulation did not exceed 100. Three of the boundary streets of the village they ever were before. The dominance of railroads over the affairs of man- were named after the most prominent men of the day, the survey showing kind will mean the most rapid growth for Chicago, the greatest center of that Washington street was the south boundary, Jefferson street the west, railroads. The railroads of the United States have a higher standard than Kinzie street the north and Dearborn street the east. Dearborn street was those abroad. This is a commercial age. America is the greatest commer- named after the fort, which in turn was named in honor of General Henry cial and industrial nation. It is rapidly becoming the financial center of the world. The time will come when it will also hold the supremacy in the arts Dearborn, Secretary of War; Kinzie street took its name from John Kinzie, and the sciences that it now does in commerce. All these things will help to the early white settler, while the others were named after George Washing- bring Chicago to the front as the world metropolis.” The growth of popula- ton and Thomas Jefferson. Northward from Washington street came Ran- tion in Chicago is shown as follows : dolph, named after John Randolph of Roanoke; Lake, after Lake Michigan; Census Population Change Fulton, named after Robert Fulton, whose steamboat, the Claremont, had 1840 4,470 — made its first trip on the Hudson between New York and Albany just twenty- 1850 29,963 570.3% three years before Chicago was mapped out; Carroll street, after Charles 1860 112,172 274.4% Carroll of Carrollton, and then Kinzie street. 1870 298,977 166.5% Eastward from Jefferson the streets were named Clinton, after -De 1880 503,185 68.3% Witt Clinton, chief promoter of the Erie Canal; Canal, after the I. and M. -Ca 1890 1,099,850 118.6% nal; east of the river the first street was named Market street because the The present area of the city is 204 square miles. This is divided into thir- city market was located in the middle of the thoroughfare, the reason of ty-five wards. The Twenty-seventh ward, the largest in the city, increased in its width; Franklin took its name from Benjamin Franklin, and Wells was population for the decade ending in 1910, 156 per cent. It now has 113,336

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120 Andersonville

82 Engine Company 86

62 Overton Hygienic Building

48 Independent Brewing Association

40 The American Brewing Company of Pekin

32 Photo: Our Takeaways From Chicago Gourmet 2017

24 Trade Giant 25ft Inflatable Clown Head For Working Pinball Machine

18 Protesters Erect Tent in Uptown Alderman’s Yard to Blast Displacement of the Homeless

12 Thieves Drive Into Front Glass of Wicker Park Apparel Shop, Steal Merch in Crash-&-Grab Burglary / You’ve Made Your Point, Weather

10 Chicago Newspaper Hits Back After Police Union Attacks Reporters For Doing Their Job / Tech Training Couldn’t Help This Chicago Marathon Runner Beat the Heat

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120 DAILY LEDGER

82 ENGINEERING NEWS

62 WESTERN TRADE JOURNAL

48 WESTERN EDUCATIONAL JOURNAL

40 MERCHANTS RECORD AND SHOW WINDOW

32 RAILROAD CONDUCTORS BROTHERHOOD MAGAZINE

24 GREAT DUPLEX TWO BEDROOM WITH SPECTACULAR SKYLINE VIEW $2K

18 AMAZON’S HQ2 QUEST SENT CHICAGO LOOKING FOR AN ‘IN,’ MAYOR EMANUEL’S EMAILS SHOW

12 DOG POOP BLAMED FOR RAT INFESTATION IN MOUNT GREENWOOD / CYCLIST CRASHES INTO WOMAN ON 606, LEAVING HER UNCONSCIOUS

10 LOOKING FOR AMAZING WITH AMENITIES QUALITY SIZE IN AN APT CONSIDER US $2000 3BR - 2400 FT² - (ROGERS PARK, NORTHSIDE CHICAGO, EAST ROGERS PARK)

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◀◀ 6 / 7 pt Under the title of “Studies of the Great West” there appeared This leads me to speak of another feature of Chicago, which ARCHITECTURALLY CHICAGO IS MORE INTERESTING THAN MA- To show the wonderful manner in which the schools of Chica- an article in Harper’s New Monthly Magazine in May, 1888, by has no rival in this country; I mean the facility for pleasure NY OLDER CITIES. ITS WEALTH AND OPPORTUNITY FOR FINE go have increased to keep pace with its ever-increasing popu- ◀ 6 / 7.25 pt the late Charles Dudley Warner. This contribution is especial- driving and riding. Michigan avenue from the mouth of the BUILDING COMING WHEN OUR NATIONAL TASTE IS BEGINNING lation, it is only necessary to mention that in 1841 there were ly valuable in view of the fact that Chicago at the time it was river, the centre of the town, is macadamized. It and the oth- TO BE INDIVIDUAL, it has escaped the monotony and medioc- enrolled in the public schools a total of 410 pupils, with but 6 / 7.5 pt ▶ written had not yet reached the million mark: “Chicago is be- er avenues immediately connected with the park system are rity in which New York for so many years put its money, and five teachers in all branches. In 1911 there were 304,146 pu- coming modest. Perhaps the inhabitants may still be able to not included in the city street department, but are under the out of the sameness of which it is escaping in spots. Having pils enrolled, with 6,584 teachers. The appropriation made 6 / 8 pt ▶▶ conceal their modesty, but nevertheless they feel it. The ex- care of the Commissioners of Parks. No traffic is permitted on also plenty of room, Chicago has been able to avoid the block planation is simple. The city has grown not only beyond the for the year 1912 was $17,146,575.00, which means that it cost them, and consequently they are in superb condition for driv- system in its residences, and to give play to variety and cre- most sanguine expectations of those who indulged in the the city about $56.34 for each child’s training for that peri- ing, summer and winter. The whole length of Michigan avenue ative genius. It is impossible to do much with the interior of most inflated hope of its future, but it has grown beyond what od. This does not include approximately about 75,000 pupils you will never see a loaded team. These roads, that is Michi- a house in a block, however much you may load the front with they said they expected. This gives the citizens pause as it gan avenue and the others of the park system, and the park in parochial schools. might an eagle that laid a roc’s egg.” ornament. Confined to a long parallelogram, and limited as to drives, are superb for driving or riding, perfectly made for light and air, neither comfort nor individual taste can be con- There is no question but that the public schools of Chica- “The fact is, Chicago has become an independent organ- drainage and permanency, with a top-dressing of pulverized ism, growing by a combination of forces and opportunities sulted or satisfied. Chicago is a city of detached houses, in go stand pre-eminent among the best of any municipality in granite. The cost of Michigan avenue drive was two hundred beyond the contrivance of any combination of men to help or the humbler quarters as well as in the magnificent avenues, the country, and every effort is made to make them as much thousand dollars a mile. The cost of the parks and boulevards hinder, beyond the need of flaming circulars and reports of and the effect is home-like and beautiful at the same time. more effective as possible. This city can also boast of the Uni- in each of the three divisions is met by a tax on the property boards of trade and process pictures. It has passed the dan- There is great variety, stone, brick, and wood intermingled, versity of Chicago, one of the most richly endowed institu- in that division. The tax is considerable, but the wise liberality ger or the fear of rivalry, and reached the point where the plain and ornamental; but drive where you will in the favorite tions of learning in America, with an enrollment of 6,466 stu- growth of any other portion of the great Northwest, or of any of the citizens has done for the town what only royalty usual- ly accomplishes given it magnificent roads. And if good roads residence parts of the vast city, you will be continually sur- dents and 330 instructors in all its branches. It was founded city in it (whatever rivalry that city may show in industries or prised with the sight of noble and artistic houses and homes in the year 1892. in commerce), is in some way a contribution to the power and are a criterion of civilization, Chicago must stand very high. But it needed a community with a great deal of dating and displaying taste as well as luxury. The NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY OF EVANSTON, Illi- wealth of Chicago. To them that have shall be given. Cities, In addition to the business and public buildings of which under favoring conditions, for local expansion, which reach confidence in the future to create this park system. nois, just on the borders of the City of Chicago, is also anoth- I spoke, there are several, like the Art Museum, the Studebak- a certain amount of population and wealth, grow by a kind of One in the heart of the city has not to drive three or er richly endowed institution of learning, and has 3,788 stu- natural increment, the law of attraction, very well known in four miles over cobble-stones and ruts to get to good driv- er Building, and the new Auditorium, which would be conspic- dents with 361 instructors. uous and admired in any city in the world. The city is rich in human nature, which draws a person to an active city of two ing-ground. When he has entered Michigan avenue he need There are also numerous other places of learning and

◀ 7 / 9 pt The first line of cars was on State street, between Randolph and Twelfth In the early days of Chicago this was undoubtedly the case. It is said Robert Fergus, perhaps the most thorough of practical printers, arrived streets, and these commenced operations April 25th, 1859. The Madi- that the good die young, but of the printer it might be remarked “Good in Chicago on July 1, 1839. He was born in the Gallowgate of Glasgow, 7 / 9.5 pt son street line was opened May 20th, 1859, and extended from Halsted printers die poor,” There may be exceptions, but such as there are on- Scotland, August 14, 1815. At the age of 15 he was apprenticed to the 7 / 10 pt ▶ to State street. The Randolph street line opened July 15th, 1859. On the ly prove the rule. printing business, and as a regular indenture in those days meant a North Side the Wells street line extended from the river to Chicago av- All who think along these lines must admit that printing has had practical grounding in the knowledge of the art, upon its completion and enue, and was opened in the spring of 1859 ; the Clark street line was much to do with the advancement of our city’s greatness, the lifting of it his setting forth as a journeyman he possessed a knowledge of his busi- opened in August, 1859. The cars on all these roads were small and some into the prominent place it now occupies as well as demonstrating to the ness such as qualified him to earn a livelihood in any part of the world. of them were known as “bob-tailed cars.” They were all drawn by hors- whole world its marvelous history a city without a peer. es. The driver stood on the front platform in all conditions of weather He was married to Margaret Whitehead Scott, February, 1836. Mr. Fer- WITHOUT PRINTING THERE COULD BE NO PROGRESS, AS WE UNDER- and drove his spirited team at the break-neck speed of nearly four miles gus was closely identified with the early history of Chicago in the print- STAND IT TODAY, OR IT WOULD BY COMPARISON BE ONLY OF A LIMITED OR- an hour, while the passenger sat inside, and if it was wintertime almost ing world, and was an acknowledged authority on all things pertaining DER, AND GREAT CENTERS SUCH AS WE HAVE NOW WOULD BE QUITE IM- froze. Oh! those cars. What misery they represented in the winter sea- to its early records. All his life he was identified with printing and pub- POSSIBLE. TAKE PRINTING AWAY FROM OUR PRESENTDAY MODE OF DOING son! How the passengers were huddled together a shivering mass of hu- lishing. The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chicago BUSINESS, SHUT UP OUR LIBRARIES AND OBLITERATE BOOKS, AND IMME- manity with their feet in danger of being frozen, and that too in spite was the Directory of 1844, which was placed upon the market in the year of the straw so generously supplied by the companies for the benefit of DIATELY WE SINK INTO A DEPTH OF DARKNESS THAT WOULD APPALL US TO 1843. This directory was printed by Ellis & Fergus. It is said that the ear- their patrons, and which in a short time became so filthy that it was un- CONTEMPLATE. lier directories of Chicago were compiled without copy. The pages were fit for bedding the beasts that hauled the cars. It is by viewing it in this light that anything that can be said con- The car drivers’ life in those days, and, for the matter of that, the cerning the early printer of Chicago should prove of interest to every held upon the imposing stone and when a newcomer arrived his name, conductors too, were full of incidents. It was not an uncommon thing for studious mind, and not only those who are intimately connected with the business and address were inserted in the form. In this way new names the car often to leave the track, even on a short trip, and the passengers craft but also those who have derived inestimable benefits from the self- were added until the time arrived to republish the book. It is stated that would he requested to get out and assist in restoring the car to its prop- sacrificing labors of the craftsmen themselves. Mr. Fergus on many occasions received commendations for the correct-

◀ 8 / 10 pt The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chicago was theDirectory of 1844. It was history-making, “Long John” was certainly one of the conspicuous citizens of Chicago, and, un- placed upon the market in the year 1843. This Directory was compiled by J. Wellington Norris, and 8 / 11 pt ▶ like nearly all of the promoters of newspapers of his day, he retired from the journalistic field with printed by Ellis & Fergus, from the Saloon Building, South Water and Clark streets. a competency, his real estate investments making him a rich man and his natural Yankee shrewd- The second Directory, prepared similarly to the first, was also compiled by Norris. It was ness gave him an opportunity which he was not slow to turn to advantage. printed by James Campbell & Co., Commercial Building, 65 Lake street. A ludicrous incident is James J. Langdon was foreman of the Journal office in 1848. He later went into busi- connected with the compilation and printing of this work. The first of Campbell & Co. came to a ness with Sterling P. Rounds and aided in establishing THE PRINTERS’ CABINET. Mr. Rounds’ en- premature dissolution while the Directory was in process of gestation. Mr. Campbell, who was a man of quick temper, becoming incensed at Mr. Norris (the Co.) forcibly ejected him from the of- tire capital was $5.00. Mr. Langdon shortly thereafter retired to Prairie du Chien, Wis., and em- fice and threatened to kick him if he looked back. Some gentlemen, subsequently discussing the barked in the horse business, but finding that his animals cost him more than he could make contention with Mr. Norris, asked him if he emulated the example of Lot’s wife. Norris replied, out of them he returned to Chicago and again formed a partnership with Mr. Rounds. In Decem- “No, I didn’t look back.” This unseemly dispute severed the copartnership, as in point of fact any ber, 1856, there was but one other journal in the United States that was devoted exclusively to copartnership between Mr. Norris, a gentleman “as meek as Moses,” and Campbell, as fiery as a the interest of the art preservative The Typographical Advertiser. Rounds’ Cabinet was the first Scotch Highlander, was sure to come sooner or later to an abrupt termination. A notice in the of that character in the Northwest, the second in its date of issue, and the first monthly typo- Chicago Journal of April 16, 1845, dated April 15, 1845, announced the dissolution of the firm of graphical journal in the Union. James Campbell & Co., and further that all demands against the same would be settled by James LANGDON WAS A SKILLFUL WORKMAN AND MANY ANCIENT SPECIMENS BEARING THE IMPRINT Campbell, to whom all money due said firm must be paid. Mr. Campbell is long since dead. Mr. Nor- OF ROUNDS & LANGDON, WHOSE ESTABLISHMENT WAS THEN LOCATED AT NO. 46 STATE STREET, TO- ris died a few years since in the interior of this state. It is doubtful if he made a living by his liter- DAY ARE WORTHY OF ADMIRATION BECAUSE OF THE ARTISTIC EXECUTION WITH WHICH THEY WERE ary labors in Chicago. The next Chicago Directory was entitled “Norris’ Business Directory for 1846,” Eastman & TURNED OUT.

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◀ 9 / 12 pt No story of Chicago would be complete without a short account of the great fire of The following is an extract from The Chicago Tribune of Sunday, October 8, the last is-

9 / 13 pt ▶ 1871, and nothing can prove more interesting than the statements of eye witness- sue before the office was destroyed. It is said to be one of the best descriptions of the es of that scene, and by these accounts and what history has proved, it stands today scene now accessible: as one of the most appalling visitations which the world had ever experienced. There “Only a few minutes elapsed after the striking of the alarm before the flames were seventy-three miles of streets burned and the total loss of property could not were seen sweeping to the sky, and the lurid light that illuminated the horizon grew have been less than $200,000,000.00. The Custom House, the Court House, the Post- more and more powerful, casting its brilliant rays in every direction, bringing out in office, the Chamber of Commerce and the great business blocks, the banks, the the- bold relief the fronts of the buildings which faced it from all quarters. The wind, seem- aters and the newspaper offices, all went down together in the awful conflagration. We ing to rise as the flames did, set from the Southwest, carrying with it in its onward can form some conception of the extent of the buildings and property destroyed by the space burned over which, on the West Side, embraced one hundred and twenty-four rush streams of sparks, cinders and partially burned pieces of wood, which covered the acres; South Side, four hundred and sixty acres; North Side, one thousand four hun- sky with dazzling spangles, sweeping northwestward like a flight of meteors, but fall- dred and seventy acres; making a total area of two thousand one hundred and twen- ing steadily in a fiery shower of rain, over that broad area embraced between the river, ty-four acres, or nearly three and a half square miles, being about four miles in length the South Branch, Wells street and Jackson street; the lighter ones going far over on and from one to one and a half in width. The number of buildings destroyed was seven- the North Division, while the heavier and more dangerous ones fell before they reached teen thousand four hundred and fifty, and nearly one hundred thousand persons were that point. They dropped with great force to the ground, to the occasional danger of left homeless. the foot passenger and the frightening of horses, and showered upon roofs of build- The conflagration of 1871 wiped out the old Chicago that had been built prior to ings, inspiring constant fear that other conflagrations would break out, and that a that time, and from its ashes arose a city of such proportions and such grandeur as the terribly broad area would be covered by the flames, and put it out of the power of the world previously had never seen. At the time of its destruction it was looked upon as engines to combat them.” one of the greatest calamities visited upon mankind, but the ultimate effect was to di- “Late as it was, the splendor of the flames and the wonderful brilliancy of the rect the eyes of the world upon it and make it the Mecca of thousands of venturesome sky were such as to attract enormous crowds from every quarter. The densely populat- spirits, so that it attracted men from every clime, men of towering ambition and ener- gy; men with means and those without means, but of unrivaled skill, to assist in plac- ed sections of the West Division lying near the fire would have, of itself, been sufficient ing it where it stands today, the cynosure of all eyes and the point of attraction for in- to choke up the surrounding streets with an impassable crowd; but as the fire showed

◀ 10 / 14 pt has no competition in population except in New York and London. London lacks The study of Chicago street names is an interesting pursuit, and it brings to 10 / 15 pt ▶ the possibilities of expansion and sooner or later will reach the maximum of light many a bit of forgotten history. The first survey of Chicago was made in growth. “The astounding and unparalleled growth of cities in the present pe- 1830 by James Thompson, and embraced an area of about three-eighths of a riod will help Chicago. The tendency is becoming more and more marked for square mile. Besides the garrison at Fort Dearborn, the population did not ex- mankind to get in close contact. Cities today are larger than they ever were ceed 100. Three of the boundary streets of the village were named after the before. The dominance of railroads over the affairs of mankind will mean the most prominent men of the day, the survey showing that Washington street most rapid growth for Chicago, the greatest center of railroads. The railroads was the south boundary, Jefferson street the west, Kinzie street the north and of the United States have a higher standard than those abroad. This is a com- Dearborn street the east. Dearborn street was named after the fort, which in mercial age. America is the greatest commercial and industrial nation. It is turn was named in honor of General Henry Dearborn, Secretary of War; Kinzie rapidly becoming the financial center of the world. The time will come when it will also hold the supremacy in the arts and the sciences that it now does in street took its name from John Kinzie, the early white settler, while the others commerce. All these things will help to bring Chicago to the front as the world were named after George Washington and Thomas Jefferson. Northward from metropolis.” The growth of population in Chicago is shown as follows : Washington street came Randolph, named after John Randolph of Roanoke; Census Population Change Lake, after Lake Michigan; Fulton, named after Robert Fulton, whose steam- 1840 4,470 — boat, the Claremont, had made its first trip on the Hudson between New York 1850 29,963 570.3% and Albany just twenty-three years before Chicago was mapped out; Carroll 1860 112,172 274.4% street, after Charles Carroll of Carrollton, and then Kinzie street. 1870 298,977 166.5% Eastward from Jefferson the streets were named Clinton, after DeWitt 1880 503,185 68.3% Clinton, chief promoter of the Erie Canal; Canal, after the I. and M. Canal; east 1890 1,099,850 118.6% of the river the first street was named Market street because the city market The present area of the city is 204 square miles. This is divided into thirty-five was located in the middle of the thoroughfare, the reason of its width; Frank- wards. The Twenty-seventh ward, the largest in the city, increased in popula- lin took its name from Benjamin Franklin, and Wells was named after Captain tion for the decade ending in 1910, 156 per cent. It now has 113,336 residents William Wells, Indian agent at Fort Wayne, who came to Fort Dearborn with a and may be taken as an indication of the city’s possibilities.

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120 Joe Mantegna

82 August Dewes House

62 Chicago Harbor Lighthouse

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40 Chicago & Western Indiana Railroad Bridge

32 Bears and Packers Link Arms During National Anthem

24 Take One Last Walk Through Mount Greenwood Hardware Ahead of Sale

18 Does the North Branch Industrial Corridor Modernization Plan Spell the End of the Hideout?

12 Development in Chicago Often Drives Out Longtime Residents. Now it’s Threatening a Different Kind of Resident: a Beloved Cultural Institution

10 The Event Offers A Sneak Peek Into The Studios Of More Than 30 Working Artists / The Sea And Cake: The Fawn / Would-be robber tackled by customers at Valparaiso Aldi

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120 HOTEL WORLD

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62 NATIONAL HOTEL REPORTER

48 AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EDUCATION

40 CHICAGO, MILWAUKEE & ST. PAUL RAILWAY

32 ODD FELLOW AND MAGAZINE OF LITERATURE AND ART

24 WE WANT YOUR CLEAN SCRATCH FREE DVD’S AND BLU-RAY’S FOR CASH

18 WITHOUT ARCHIVES ON SITE, HOW WILL OBAMA CENTER BENEFIT AREA STUDENTS, SCHOLARS?

12 SNOW COULD FALL EVERY DAY UNTIL THE WEEKEND / GHOULS, DEMONS, KILLERS INVADING UPTOWN’S CAMP SCARE AWAY HAUNTED HOUSE

10 RECYCLING SERVICES: WE WANT YOUR OLD LAWNMOWERS ETC / SELL US YOUR WORKING MUSICAL ELECTRONICS / LOOKING TO PURCHASE: DINING AND LIVING ROOM SET

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◀◀ 6 / 7 pt Under the title of “Studies of the Great West” there appeared an This leads me to speak of another feature of Chicago, which has ARCHITECTURALLY CHICAGO IS MORE INTERESTING THAN MANY To show the wonderful manner in which the schools of Chicago article in Harper’s New Monthly Magazine in May, 1888, by the no rival in this country; I mean the facility for pleasure driv- OLDER CITIES. ITS WEALTH AND OPPORTUNITY FOR FINE BUILD- have increased to keep pace with its ever-increasing population, ◀ 6 / 7.25 pt late Charles Dudley Warner. This contribution is especially valu- ing and riding. Michigan avenue from the mouth of the river, the ING COMING WHEN OUR NATIONAL TASTE IS BEGINNING TO BE IN- it is only necessary to mention that in 1841 there were enrolled able in view of the fact that Chicago at the time it was writ- centre of the town, is macadamized. It and the other avenues DIVIDUAL, it has escaped the monotony and mediocrity in which in the public schools a total of 410 pupils, with but five teachers 6 / 7.5 pt ▶ ten had not yet reached the million mark: “Chicago is becom- immediately connected with the park system are not included in New York for so many years put its money, and out of the same- in all branches. In 1911 there were 304,146 pupils enrolled, with ing modest. Perhaps the inhabitants may still be able to con- the city street department, but are under the care of the Com- ness of which it is escaping in spots. Having also plenty of room, 6,584 teachers. The appropriation made for the year 1912 was 6 / 8 pt ▶▶ ceal their modesty, but nevertheless they feel it. The explana- missioners of Parks. No traffic is permitted on them, and -con Chicago has been able to avoid the block system in its residenc- tion is simple. The city has grown not only beyond the most san- $17,146,575.00, which means that it cost the city about $56.34 sequently they are in superb condition for driving, summer and es, and to give play to variety and creative genius. It is impossible guine expectations of those who indulged in the most inflat- for each child’s training for that period. This does not include winter. The whole length of Michigan avenue you will never see a to do much with the interior of a house in a block, however much ed hope of its future, but it has grown beyond what they said approximately about 75,000 pupils in parochial schools. loaded team. These roads, that is Michigan avenue and the oth- you may load the front with ornament. Confined to a long paral- they expected. This gives the citizens pause as it might an ea- ers of the park system, and the park drives, are superb for driv- There is no question but that the public schools of Chica- gle that laid a roc’s egg.” lelogram, and limited as to light and air, neither comfort nor in- ing or riding, perfectly made for drainage and permanency, with dividual taste can be consulted or satisfied. Chicago is a city of go stand pre-eminent among the best of any municipality in the “The fact is, Chicago has become an independent organism, a top-dressing of pulverized granite. The cost of Michigan ave- growing by a combination of forces and opportunities beyond detached houses, in the humbler quarters as well as in the mag- country, and every effort is made to make them as much more nue drive was two hundred thousand dollars a mile. The cost of the contrivance of any combination of men to help or hinder, be- nificent avenues, and the effect is home-like and beautiful at the effective as possible. This city can also boast of the University of the parks and boulevards in each of the three divisions is met by yond the need of flaming circulars and reports of boards of trade same time. There is great variety, stone, brick, and wood inter- Chicago, one of the most richly endowed institutions of learn- a tax on the property in that division. The tax is considerable, but and process pictures. It has passed the danger or the fear of ri- mingled, plain and ornamental; but drive where you will in the ing in America, with an enrollment of 6,466 students and 330 in- the wise liberality of the citizens has done for the town what on- valry, and reached the point where the growth of any other por- favorite residence parts of the vast city, you will be continually structors in all its branches. It was founded in the year 1892. tion of the great Northwest, or of any city in it (whatever rival- ly royalty usually accomplishes given it magnificent roads. And if good roads are a criterion of civilization, Chicago must stand surprised with the sight of noble and artistic houses and homes The NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY OF EVANSTON, Illinois, ry that city may show in industries or in commerce), is in some displaying taste as well as luxury. just on the borders of the City of Chicago, is also another rich- way a contribution to the power and wealth of Chicago. To them very high. But it needed a community with a great deal of dating and confidence in the future to create this park system. In addition to the business and public buildings of which ly endowed institution of learning, and has 3,788 students with that have shall be given. Cities, under favoring conditions, for lo- I spoke, there are several, like the Art Museum, the Studebak- cal expansion, which reach a certain amount of population and One in the heart of the city has not to drive three or four 361 instructors. er Building, and the new Auditorium, which would be conspic- wealth, grow by a kind of natural increment, the law of attrac- miles over cobble-stones and ruts to get to good driving-ground. There are also numerous other places of learning and tech- tion, very well known in human nature, which draws a person to When he has entered Michigan avenue he need not pull rein for uous and admired in any city in the world. The city is rich in a nical training, and Chicago stands prominently in the eyes of the few specimens of private houses by Mr. Richardson (whose loss an active city of two hundred thousand rather than to a stagnant twenty to thirty miles. This is almost literally true as to extent, world as a center for a diversified class of study, and students

◀ 7 / 9 pt The first line of cars was on State street, between Randolph and Twelfth In the early days of Chicago this was undoubtedly the case. It is said that Robert Fergus, perhaps the most thorough of practical printers, arrived in streets, and these commenced operations April 25th, 1859. The Madison the good die young, but of the printer it might be remarked “Good print- Chicago on July 1, 1839. He was born in the Gallowgate of Glasgow, Scotland, 7 / 9.5 pt street line was opened May 20th, 1859, and extended from Halsted to State ers die poor,” There may be exceptions, but such as there are only prove August 14, 1815. At the age of 15 he was apprenticed to the printing busi- 7 / 10 pt ▶ street. The Randolph street line opened July 15th, 1859. On the North Side the rule. ness, and as a regular indenture in those days meant a practical ground- the Wells street line extended from the river to Chicago avenue, and was All who think along these lines must admit that printing has had much ing in the knowledge of the art, upon its completion and his setting forth as opened in the spring of 1859 ; the Clark street line was opened in August, to do with the advancement of our city’s greatness, the lifting of it into a journeyman he possessed a knowledge of his business such as qualified 1859. The cars on all these roads were small and some of them were known the prominent place it now occupies as well as demonstrating to the whole him to earn a livelihood in any part of the world. He was married to Margaret as “bob-tailed cars.” They were all drawn by horses. The driver stood on the world its marvelous history a city without a peer. front platform in all conditions of weather and drove his spirited team at Whitehead Scott, February, 1836. Mr. Fergus was closely identified with the WITHOUT PRINTING THERE COULD BE NO PROGRESS, AS WE UN- the break-neck speed of nearly four miles an hour, while the passenger sat early history of Chicago in the printing world, and was an acknowledged au- DERSTAND IT TODAY, OR IT WOULD BY COMPARISON BE ONLY OF A LIM- inside, and if it was wintertime almost froze. Oh! those cars. What misery thority on all things pertaining to its early records. All his life he was iden- ITED ORDER, AND GREAT CENTERS SUCH AS WE HAVE NOW WOULD BE they represented in the winter season! How the passengers were huddled tified with printing and publishing. The first book compiled, printed, bound QUITE IMPOSSIBLE. TAKE PRINTING AWAY FROM OUR PRESENTDAY MODE together a shivering mass of humanity with their feet in danger of being and issued in Chicago was the Directory of 1844, which was placed upon OF DOING BUSINESS, SHUT UP OUR LIBRARIES AND OBLITERATE BOOKS, frozen, and that too in spite of the straw so generously supplied by the com- the market in the year 1843. This directory was printed by Ellis & Fergus. It panies for the benefit of their patrons, and which in a short time became so AND IMMEDIATELY WE SINK INTO A DEPTH OF DARKNESS THAT WOULD is said that the earlier directories of Chicago were compiled without copy. filthy that it was unfit for bedding the beasts that hauled the cars. APPALL US TO CONTEMPLATE. The pages were held upon the imposing stone and when a newcomer arrived The car drivers’ life in those days, and, for the matter of that, the con- It is by viewing it in this light that anything that can be said concern- ductors too, were full of incidents. It was not an uncommon thing for the ing the early printer of Chicago should prove of interest to every studious his name, business and address were inserted in the form. In this way new car often to leave the track, even on a short trip, and the passengers would mind, and not only those who are intimately connected with the craft but names were added until the time arrived to republish the book. It is stated he requested to get out and assist in restoring the car to its proper place also those who have derived inestimable benefits from the self-sacrificing that Mr. Fergus on many occasions received commendations for the correct- on the rails. They would then return to the car, only to find that the team in labors of the craftsmen themselves. ness of his directory, and he lived to see the city of his choice grow to be one

◀ 8 / 10 pt The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chicago was theDirectory of 1844. It was placed history-making, “Long John” was certainly one of the conspicuous citizens of Chicago, and, unlike upon the market in the year 1843. This Directory was compiled by J. Wellington Norris, and printed by 8 / 11 pt ▶ nearly all of the promoters of newspapers of his day, he retired from the journalistic field with a com- Ellis & Fergus, from the Saloon Building, South Water and Clark streets. petency, his real estate investments making him a rich man and his natural Yankee shrewdness gave The second Directory, prepared similarly to the first, was also compiled by Norris. It was printed him an opportunity which he was not slow to turn to advantage. by James Campbell & Co., Commercial Building, 65 Lake street. A ludicrous incident is connected with James J. Langdon was foreman of the Journal office in 1848. He later went into business with the compilation and printing of this work. The first of Campbell & Co. came to a premature dissolution Sterling P. Rounds and aided in establishing THE PRINTERS’ CABINET. Mr. Rounds’ entire capital was while the Directory was in process of gestation. Mr. Campbell, who was a man of quick temper, becom- ing incensed at Mr. Norris (the Co.) forcibly ejected him from the office and threatened to kick him if $5.00. Mr. Langdon shortly thereafter retired to Prairie du Chien, Wis., and embarked in the horse busi- he looked back. Some gentlemen, subsequently discussing the contention with Mr. Norris, asked him ness, but finding that his animals cost him more than he could make out of them he returned to Chi- if he emulated the example of Lot’s wife. Norris replied, “No, I didn’t look back.” This unseemly dispute cago and again formed a partnership with Mr. Rounds. In December, 1856, there was but one other severed the copartnership, as in point of fact any copartnership between Mr. Norris, a gentleman “as journal in the United States that was devoted exclusively to the interest of the art preservative The Ty- meek as Moses,” and Campbell, as fiery as a Scotch Highlander, was sure to come sooner or later to an pographical Advertiser. Rounds’ Cabinet was the first of that character in the Northwest, the second in abrupt termination. A notice in the Chicago Journal of April 16, 1845, dated April 15, 1845, announced its date of issue, and the first monthly typographical journal in the Union. the dissolution of the firm of James Campbell & Co., and further that all demands against the same LANGDON WAS A SKILLFUL WORKMAN AND MANY ANCIENT SPECIMENS BEARING THE IMPRINT OF would be settled by James Campbell, to whom all money due said firm must be paid. Mr. Campbell is ROUNDS & LANGDON, WHOSE ESTABLISHMENT WAS THEN LOCATED AT NO. 46 STATE STREET, TODAY ARE long since dead. Mr. Norris died a few years since in the interior of this state. It is doubtful if he made a WORTHY OF ADMIRATION BECAUSE OF THE ARTISTIC EXECUTION WITH WHICH THEY WERE TURNED OUT. living by his literary labors in Chicago. Thomas C. Whitmarsh was one of the early printers to reach Chicago from the East, he coming to The next Chicago Directory was entitled “Norris’ Business Directory for 1846,” Eastman & Davi- this city in 1843. His first employment was on the Western Citizen, conducted by Zebina Eastman, he son, printers, 63 Lake street. It took all the fonts of type in the office to set up this directory. The next

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◀ 9 / 12 pt No story of Chicago would be complete without a short account of the great fire of 1871, The following is an extract from The Chicago Tribune of Sunday, October 8, the last issue

9 / 13 pt ▶ and nothing can prove more interesting than the statements of eye witnesses of that before the office was destroyed. It is said to be one of the best descriptions of the scene scene, and by these accounts and what history has proved, it stands today as one of the now accessible: most appalling visitations which the world had ever experienced. There were seventy- “Only a few minutes elapsed after the striking of the alarm before the flames were three miles of streets burned and the total loss of property could not have been less than seen sweeping to the sky, and the lurid light that illuminated the horizon grew more and $200,000,000.00. The Custom House, the Court House, the Postoffice, the Chamber of Com- more powerful, casting its brilliant rays in every direction, bringing out in bold relief the merce and the great business blocks, the banks, the theaters and the newspaper offices, all fronts of the buildings which faced it from all quarters. The wind, seeming to rise as the went down together in the awful conflagration. We can form some conception of the extent flames did, set from the Southwest, carrying with it in its onward rush streams of sparks, of the buildings and property destroyed by the space burned over which, on the West Side, embraced one hundred and twenty-four acres; South Side, four hundred and sixty acres; cinders and partially burned pieces of wood, which covered the sky with dazzling spangles, North Side, one thousand four hundred and seventy acres; making a total area of two thou- sweeping northwestward like a flight of meteors, but falling steadily in a fiery shower of sand one hundred and twenty-four acres, or nearly three and a half square miles, being rain, over that broad area embraced between the river, the South Branch, Wells street and about four miles in length and from one to one and a half in width. The number of buildings Jackson street; the lighter ones going far over on the North Division, while the heavier and destroyed was seventeen thousand four hundred and fifty, and nearly one hundred thou- more dangerous ones fell before they reached that point. They dropped with great force to sand persons were left homeless. the ground, to the occasional danger of the foot passenger and the frightening of hors- The conflagration of 1871 wiped out the old Chicago that had been built prior to that es, and showered upon roofs of buildings, inspiring constant fear that other conflagrations time, and from its ashes arose a city of such proportions and such grandeur as the world would break out, and that a terribly broad area would be covered by the flames, and put it previously had never seen. At the time of its destruction it was looked upon as one of the out of the power of the engines to combat them.” greatest calamities visited upon mankind, but the ultimate effect was to direct the eyes of “Late as it was, the splendor of the flames and the wonderful brilliancy of the sky the world upon it and make it the Mecca of thousands of venturesome spirits, so that it at- were such as to attract enormous crowds from every quarter. The densely populated sec- tracted men from every clime, men of towering ambition and energy; men with means and tions of the West Division lying near the fire would have, of itself, been sufficient to choke those without means, but of unrivaled skill, to assist in placing it where it stands today, the cynosure of all eyes and the point of attraction for innumerable great enterprises. up the surrounding streets with an impassable crowd; but as the fire showed no signs of The massiveness of its buildings is what strikes the eye, and is the wonder of ev- abating, they came from greater and greater distances, forcing their way down Clinton

◀ 10 / 14 pt has no competition in population except in New York and London. London lacks The study of Chicago street names is an interesting pursuit, and it brings to light 10 / 15 pt ▶ the possibilities of expansion and sooner or later will reach the maximum of many a bit of forgotten history. The first survey of Chicago was made in 1830 by growth. “The astounding and unparalleled growth of cities in the present peri- James Thompson, and embraced an area of about three-eighths of a square mile. od will help Chicago. The tendency is becoming more and more marked for man- Besides the garrison at Fort Dearborn, the population did not exceed 100. Three of kind to get in close contact. Cities today are larger than they ever were before. the boundary streets of the village were named after the most prominent men of The dominance of railroads over the affairs of mankind will mean the most rap- the day, the survey showing that Washington street was the south boundary, Jef- id growth for Chicago, the greatest center of railroads. The railroads of the United ferson street the west, Kinzie street the north and Dearborn street the east. Dear- States have a higher standard than those abroad. This is a commercial age. Amer- born street was named after the fort, which in turn was named in honor of Gen- ica is the greatest commercial and industrial nation. It is rapidly becoming the fi- eral Henry Dearborn, Secretary of War; Kinzie street took its name from John nancial center of the world. The time will come when it will also hold the suprema- cy in the arts and the sciences that it now does in commerce. All these things will Kinzie, the early white settler, while the others were named after George Washing- help to bring Chicago to the front as the world metropolis.” The growth of popula- ton and Thomas Jefferson. Northward from Washington street came Randolph, tion in Chicago is shown as follows : named after John Randolph of Roanoke; Lake, after Lake Michigan; Fulton, named Census Population Change after Robert Fulton, whose steamboat, the Claremont, had made its first trip on 1840 4,470 — the Hudson between New York and Albany just twenty-three years before Chica- 1850 29,963 570.3% go was mapped out; Carroll street, after Charles Carroll of Carrollton, and then 1860 112,172 274.4% Kinzie street. 1870 298,977 166.5% Eastward from Jefferson the streets were named Clinton, after DeWitt Clin- 1880 503,185 68.3% ton, chief promoter of the Erie Canal; Canal, after the I. and M. Canal; east of the 1890 1,099,850 118.6% river the first street was named Market street because the city market was lo- The present area of the city is 204 square miles. This is divided into thirty-five cated in the middle of the thoroughfare, the reason of its width; Franklin took its wards. The Twenty-seventh ward, the largest in the city, increased in population name from Benjamin Franklin, and Wells was named after Captain William Wells, for the decade ending in 1910, 156 per cent. It now has 113,336 residents and may Indian agent at Fort Wayne, who came to Fort Dearborn with a band of Miamis in be taken as an indication of the city’s possibilities.

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120 Administration

82 South Pond Refectory

62 Abraham Lincoln Monument

48 LaSalle Street Cable Car Powerhouse

40 Illinois–Indiana State Line Boundary Marker

32 Beloved Sushi Institution Katsu is Closing in November

24 Crews Messed up Pedestrian Islands on Cicero and now Have to Rebuild

18 Man Arrested for Burning Flag Gets $15k in Settlement, Then Again Posts Photo of Burning Flag

12 Interactive Dance, Unusual Shopping Options, and Food and Music Options Galore are Just a few of the Things you can do in Chicago This Weekend

10 Lucky Grandma Gets Surprise Greeting From Denzel Washington Asking For Directions / Wilco: Yankee Hotel Foxtrot / Low-cost Garage Door Install Repair Trustworthy Reputable

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120 CHICAGO POST

82 NATIONAL DEMOKRAT

62 LAKEVIEW TIMES AND NEWS

48 EMERY’S JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE

40 REAL ESTATE REGISTER OF THE NORTHWEST

32 WESTERN CLOTHING, FURNISHING, AND HAT REPORTER

24 TWO BED RARELY AVAILABLE TOP OF THE LINE WEST LOOP RENTAL! $2895

18 PORTER COUNTY DEPUTY INVOLVED IN CRASH THAT SENDS 80-YEAR-OLD MAN TO HOSPITAL: COPS

12 CHICAGO BREAKS 7TH HEAT RECORD IN 7 DAYS / THIS SEPTEMBER COULD END UP BEING ONE OF THE HOTTEST AND DRIEST IN CHICAGO’S HISTORY

10 LOCKSMITHS ARE ALWAYS AVAILABLE IN CASE YOU NEED ANY SERVICES $30 / ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA / UNITED STATIONERS SUPPLY / MCCORMICK HARVESTING MACHINE

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◀◀ 6 / 7 pt Under the title of “Studies of the Great West” there appeared an ar- This leads me to speak of another feature of Chicago, which has no ARCHITECTURALLY CHICAGO IS MORE INTERESTING THAN MA- To show the wonderful manner in which the schools of Chica- ticle in Harper’s New Monthly Magazine in May, 1888, by the late rival in this country; I mean the facility for pleasure driving and rid- NY OLDER CITIES. ITS WEALTH AND OPPORTUNITY FOR FINE BUILD- go have increased to keep pace with its ever-increasing popula- ◀ 6 / 7.25 pt Charles Dudley Warner. This contribution is especially valuable in ing. Michigan avenue from the mouth of the river, the centre of the ING COMING WHEN OUR NATIONAL TASTE IS BEGINNING TO BE INDI- tion, it is only necessary to mention that in 1841 there were en- view of the fact that Chicago at the time it was written had not yet town, is macadamized. It and the other avenues immediately con- VIDUAL, it has escaped the monotony and mediocrity in which New rolled in the public schools a total of 410 pupils, with but five 6 / 7.5 pt ▶ reached the million mark: “Chicago is becoming modest. Perhaps nected with the park system are not included in the city street de- York for so many years put its money, and out of the sameness of teachers in all branches. In 1911 there were 304,146 pupils enrolled, the inhabitants may still be able to conceal their modesty, but nev- partment, but are under the care of the Commissioners of Parks. which it is escaping in spots. Having also plenty of room, Chica- with 6,584 teachers. The appropriation made for the year 1912 was 6 / 8 pt ▶▶ ertheless they feel it. The explanation is simple. The city has grown No traffic is permitted on them, and consequently they are in- su go has been able to avoid the block system in its residences, and to not only beyond the most sanguine expectations of those who in- $17,146,575.00, which means that it cost the city about $56.34 for perb condition for driving, summer and winter. The whole length give play to variety and creative genius. It is impossible to do much dulged in the most inflated hope of its future, but it has grown be- each child’s training for that period. This does not include approxi- of Michigan avenue you will never see a loaded team. These roads, with the interior of a house in a block, however much you may load yond what they said they expected. This gives the citizens pause as mately about 75,000 pupils in parochial schools. that is Michigan avenue and the others of the park system, and the front with ornament. Confined to a long parallelogram, and lim- it might an eagle that laid a roc’s egg.” the park drives, are superb for driving or riding, perfectly made for There is no question but that the public schools of Chicago “The fact is, Chicago has become an independent organ- ited as to light and air, neither comfort nor individual taste can be drainage and permanency, with a top-dressing of pulverized gran- consulted or satisfied. Chicago is a city of detached houses, in the stand pre-eminent among the best of any municipality in the coun- ism, growing by a combination of forces and opportunities beyond ite. The cost of Michigan avenue drive was two hundred thou- the contrivance of any combination of men to help or hinder, be- humbler quarters as well as in the magnificent avenues, and the ef- try, and every effort is made to make them as much more effec- sand dollars a mile. The cost of the parks and boulevards in each yond the need of flaming circulars and reports of boards of trade fect is home-like and beautiful at the same time. There is great va- tive as possible. This city can also boast of the University of Chica- of the three divisions is met by a tax on the property in that divi- and process pictures. It has passed the danger or the fear of rival- riety, stone, brick, and wood intermingled, plain and ornamental; go, one of the most richly endowed institutions of learning in Amer- sion. The tax is considerable, but the wise liberality of the citizens ry, and reached the point where the growth of any other portion of but drive where you will in the favorite residence parts of the vast ica, with an enrollment of 6,466 students and 330 instructors in all has done for the town what only royalty usually accomplishes giv- the great Northwest, or of any city in it (whatever rivalry that city city, you will be continually surprised with the sight of noble and its branches. It was founded in the year 1892. may show in industries or in commerce), is in some way a contribu- en it magnificent roads. And if good roads are a criterion of civi- lization, Chicago must stand very high. But it needed a communi- artistic houses and homes displaying taste as well as luxury. The NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY OF EVANSTON, Illinois, just on tion to the power and wealth of Chicago. To them that have shall be In addition to the business and public buildings of which I the borders of the City of Chicago, is also another richly endowed in- given. Cities, under favoring conditions, for local expansion, which ty with a great deal of dating and confidence in the future to cre- ate this park system. spoke, there are several, like the Art Museum, the Studebaker Build- stitution of learning, and has 3,788 students with 361 instructors. reach a certain amount of population and wealth, grow by a kind of ing, and the new Auditorium, which would be conspicuous and ad- natural increment, the law of attraction, very well known in human One in the heart of the city has not to drive three or four miles There are also numerous other places of learning and tech- mired in any city in the world. The city is rich in a few specimens nature, which draws a person to an active city of two hundred thou- over cobble-stones and ruts to get to good driving-ground. When nical training, and Chicago stands prominently in the eyes of the sand rather than to a stagnant city of one hundred thousand. And he has entered Michigan avenue he need not pull rein for twen- of private houses by Mr. Richardson (whose loss to the country is world as a center for a diversified class of study, and students are still apparently irreparable), houses worth a long journey to see, it is a fortunate thing for civilization that this attraction is almost ty to thirty miles. This is almost literally true as to extent, without drawn from all parts to these places where may be obtained knowl-

◀ 7 / 9 pt The first line of cars was on State street, between Randolph and Twelfth In the early days of Chicago this was undoubtedly the case. It is said that the Robert Fergus, perhaps the most thorough of practical printers, arrived in Chi- streets, and these commenced operations April 25th, 1859. The Madison street good die young, but of the printer it might be remarked “Good printers die cago on July 1, 1839. He was born in the Gallowgate of Glasgow, Scotland, Au- 7 / 9.5 pt line was opened May 20th, 1859, and extended from Halsted to State street. poor,” There may be exceptions, but such as there are only prove the rule. gust 14, 1815. At the age of 15 he was apprenticed to the printing business, and 7 / 10 pt ▶ The Randolph street line opened July 15th, 1859. On the North Side the Wells All who think along these lines must admit that printing has had much to as a regular indenture in those days meant a practical grounding in the knowl- street line extended from the river to Chicago avenue, and was opened in the do with the advancement of our city’s greatness, the lifting of it into the prom- edge of the art, upon its completion and his setting forth as a journeyman he spring of 1859 ; the Clark street line was opened in August, 1859. The cars on inent place it now occupies as well as demonstrating to the whole world its possessed a knowledge of his business such as qualified him to earn a liveli- all these roads were small and some of them were known as “bob-tailed cars.” marvelous history a city without a peer. hood in any part of the world. He was married to Margaret Whitehead Scott, They were all drawn by horses. The driver stood on the front platform in all con- WITHOUT PRINTING THERE COULD BE NO PROGRESS, AS WE UNDERSTAND ditions of weather and drove his spirited team at the break-neck speed of near- February, 1836. Mr. Fergus was closely identified with the early history of Chica- IT TODAY, OR IT WOULD BY COMPARISON BE ONLY OF A LIMITED ORDER, AND ly four miles an hour, while the passenger sat inside, and if it was wintertime go in the printing world, and was an acknowledged authority on all things per- GREAT CENTERS SUCH AS WE HAVE NOW WOULD BE QUITE IMPOSSIBLE. TAKE almost froze. Oh! those cars. What misery they represented in the winter sea- taining to its early records. All his life he was identified with printing and pub- PRINTING AWAY FROM OUR PRESENTDAY MODE OF DOING BUSINESS, SHUT UP son! How the passengers were huddled together a shivering mass of humani- lishing. The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chicago was the OUR LIBRARIES AND OBLITERATE BOOKS, AND IMMEDIATELY WE SINK INTO A ty with their feet in danger of being frozen, and that too in spite of the straw Directory of 1844, which was placed upon the market in the year 1843. This di- DEPTH OF DARKNESS THAT WOULD APPALL US TO CONTEMPLATE. so generously supplied by the companies for the benefit of their patrons, and rectory was printed by Ellis & Fergus. It is said that the earlier directories of which in a short time became so filthy that it was unfit for bedding the beasts It is by viewing it in this light that anything that can be said concern- Chicago were compiled without copy. The pages were held upon the imposing that hauled the cars. ing the early printer of Chicago should prove of interest to every studious mind, stone and when a newcomer arrived his name, business and address were in- The car drivers’ life in those days, and, for the matter of that, the conduc- and not only those who are intimately connected with the craft but also those tors too, were full of incidents. It was not an uncommon thing for the car often who have derived inestimable benefits from the self-sacrificing labors of the serted in the form. In this way new names were added until the time arrived to leave the track, even on a short trip, and the passengers would he request- craftsmen themselves. to republish the book. It is stated that Mr. Fergus on many occasions received ed to get out and assist in restoring the car to its proper place on the rails. The first job printing done in this city was by John Calhoun in 1833, four commendations for the correctness of his directory, and he lived to see the city They would then return to the car, only to find that the team in starting up had years before Chicago was incorporated as a city. He also edited and printed the of his choice grow to be one of the most famous on the American continent

◀ 8 / 10 pt The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chicago was theDirectory of 1844. It was placed up- history-making, “Long John” was certainly one of the conspicuous citizens of Chicago, and, unlike nearly on the market in the year 1843. This Directory was compiled by J. Wellington Norris, and printed by Ellis & 8 / 11 pt ▶ all of the promoters of newspapers of his day, he retired from the journalistic field with a competency, his Fergus, from the Saloon Building, South Water and Clark streets. real estate investments making him a rich man and his natural Yankee shrewdness gave him an opportuni- The second Directory, prepared similarly to the first, was also compiled by Norris. It was printed by ty which he was not slow to turn to advantage. James Campbell & Co., Commercial Building, 65 Lake street. A ludicrous incident is connected with the James J. Langdon was foreman of the Journal office in 1848. He later went into business with Ster- compilation and printing of this work. The first of Campbell & Co. came to a premature dissolution while ling P. Rounds and aided in establishing THE PRINTERS’ CABINET. Mr. Rounds’ entire capital was $5.00. Mr. the Directory was in process of gestation. Mr. Campbell, who was a man of quick temper, becoming in- censed at Mr. Norris (the Co.) forcibly ejected him from the office and threatened to kick him if he looked Langdon shortly thereafter retired to Prairie du Chien, Wis., and embarked in the horse business, but find- back. Some gentlemen, subsequently discussing the contention with Mr. Norris, asked him if he emulat- ing that his animals cost him more than he could make out of them he returned to Chicago and again ed the example of Lot’s wife. Norris replied, “No, I didn’t look back.” This unseemly dispute severed the co- formed a partnership with Mr. Rounds. In December, 1856, there was but one other journal in the Unit- partnership, as in point of fact any copartnership between Mr. Norris, a gentleman “as meek as Moses,” and ed States that was devoted exclusively to the interest of the art preservative The Typographical Advertis- Campbell, as fiery as a Scotch Highlander, was sure to come sooner or later to an abrupt termination. A no- er. Rounds’ Cabinet was the first of that character in the Northwest, the second in its date of issue, and the tice in the Chicago Journal of April 16, 1845, dated April 15, 1845, announced the dissolution of the firm of first monthly typographical journal in the Union. James Campbell & Co., and further that all demands against the same would be settled by James Campbell, LANGDON WAS A SKILLFUL WORKMAN AND MANY ANCIENT SPECIMENS BEARING THE IMPRINT OF to whom all money due said firm must be paid. Mr. Campbell is long since dead. Mr. Norris died a few years ROUNDS & LANGDON, WHOSE ESTABLISHMENT WAS THEN LOCATED AT NO. 46 STATE STREET, TODAY ARE since in the interior of this state. It is doubtful if he made a living by his literary labors in Chicago. WORTHY OF ADMIRATION BECAUSE OF THE ARTISTIC EXECUTION WITH WHICH THEY WERE TURNED OUT. The next Chicago Directory was entitled “Norris’ Business Directory for 1846,” Eastman & Davison, Thomas C. Whitmarsh was one of the early printers to reach Chicago from the East, he coming to this printers, 63 Lake street. It took all the fonts of type in the office to set up this directory. The next in the list of early directories is entitled “Norris’ Chicago Directory for 1846-7, Geer & Wilson, printers, Saloon city in 1843. His first employment was on the Western Citizen, conducted by Zebina Eastman, he engaging

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◀ 9 / 12 pt No story of Chicago would be complete without a short account of the great fire of 1871, and following is an extract from The Chicago Tribune of Sunday, October 8, the last issue before the

9 / 13 pt ▶ nothing can prove more interesting than the statements of eye witnesses of that scene, and office was destroyed. It is said to be one of the best descriptions of the scene now accessible: by these accounts and what history has proved, it stands today as one of the most appalling “Only a few minutes elapsed after the striking of the alarm before the flames were seen visitations which the world had ever experienced. There were seventy-three miles of streets sweeping to the sky, and the lurid light that illuminated the horizon grew more and more pow- burned and the total loss of property could not have been less than $200,000,000.00. The Cus- erful, casting its brilliant rays in every direction, bringing out in bold relief the fronts of the tom House, the Court House, the Postoffice, the Chamber of Commerce and the great business buildings which faced it from all quarters. The wind, seeming to rise as the flames did, set from blocks, the banks, the theaters and the newspaper offices, all went down together in the -aw the Southwest, carrying with it in its onward rush streams of sparks, cinders and partially ful conflagration. We can form some conception of the extent of the buildings and property de- burned pieces of wood, which covered the sky with dazzling spangles, sweeping northwestward stroyed by the space burned over which, on the West Side, embraced one hundred and twen- ty-four acres; South Side, four hundred and sixty acres; North Side, one thousand four hundred like a flight of meteors, but falling steadily in a fiery shower of rain, over that broad area -em and seventy acres; making a total area of two thousand one hundred and twenty-four acres, or braced between the river, the South Branch, Wells street and Jackson street; the lighter ones nearly three and a half square miles, being about four miles in length and from one to one and going far over on the North Division, while the heavier and more dangerous ones fell before a half in width. The number of buildings destroyed was seventeen thousand four hundred and they reached that point. They dropped with great force to the ground, to the occasional danger fifty, and nearly one hundred thousand persons were left homeless. of the foot passenger and the frightening of horses, and showered upon roofs of buildings, in- The conflagration of 1871 wiped out the old Chicago that had been built prior to that time, spiring constant fear that other conflagrations would break out, and that a terribly broad area and from its ashes arose a city of such proportions and such grandeur as the world previous- would be covered by the flames, and put it out of the power of the engines to combat them.” ly had never seen. At the time of its destruction it was looked upon as one of the greatest ca- “Late as it was, the splendor of the flames and the wonderful brilliancy of the sky were lamities visited upon mankind, but the ultimate effect was to direct the eyes of the world up- such as to attract enormous crowds from every quarter. The densely populated sections of on it and make it the Mecca of thousands of venturesome spirits, so that it attracted men from the West Division lying near the fire would have, of itself, been sufficient to choke up the -sur every clime, men of towering ambition and energy; men with means and those without means, rounding streets with an impassable crowd; but as the fire showed no signs of abating, they but of unrivaled skill, to assist in placing it where it stands today, the cynosure of all eyes and came from greater and greater distances, forcing their way down Clinton street, in the center the point of attraction for innumerable great enterprises. The massiveness of its buildings is what strikes the eye, and is the wonder of every visi- of which near Adams, were half a dozen isolated street cars utterly unable to get back to their tor, and especially is this so when they learn of the difficulty of securing an adequate founda- stables. The crowd made its way down Jackson street, near where the fire began, and stopped

◀ 10 / 14 pt has no competition in population except in New York and London. London lacks the The study of Chicago street names is an interesting pursuit, and it brings to light ma- 10 / 15 pt ▶ possibilities of expansion and sooner or later will reach the maximum of growth. “The ny a bit of forgotten history. The first survey of Chicago was made in 1830 by James astounding and unparalleled growth of cities in the present period will help Chicago. Thompson, and embraced an area of about three-eighths of a square mile. Besides The tendency is becoming more and more marked for mankind to get in close contact. the garrison at Fort Dearborn, the population did not exceed 100. Three of the bound- Cities today are larger than they ever were before. The dominance of railroads over ary streets of the village were named after the most prominent men of the day, the the affairs of mankind will mean the most rapid growth for Chicago, the greatest cen- survey showing that Washington street was the south boundary, Jefferson street ter of railroads. The railroads of the United States have a higher standard than those the west, Kinzie street the north and Dearborn street the east. Dearborn street was abroad. This is a commercial age. America is the greatest commercial and industri- named after the fort, which in turn was named in honor of General Henry Dearborn, al nation. It is rapidly becoming the financial center of the world. The time will come Secretary of War; Kinzie street took its name from John Kinzie, the early white settler, when it will also hold the supremacy in the arts and the sciences that it now does in commerce. All these things will help to bring Chicago to the front as the world me- while the others were named after George Washington and Thomas Jefferson. North- tropolis.” The growth of population in Chicago is shown as follows : ward from Washington street came Randolph, named after John Randolph of Roa- Census Population Change noke; Lake, after Lake Michigan; Fulton, named after Robert Fulton, whose steam- 1840 4,470 — boat, the Claremont, had made its first trip on the Hudson between New York and Al- 1850 29,963 570.3% bany just twenty-three years before Chicago was mapped out; Carroll street, after 1860 112,172 274.4% Charles Carroll of Carrollton, and then Kinzie street. 1870 298,977 166.5% Eastward from Jefferson the streets were named Clinton, after DeWitt Clinton, 1880 503,185 68.3% chief promoter of the Erie Canal; Canal, after the I. and M. Canal; east of the river the 1890 1,099,850 118.6% first street was named Market street because the city market was located in the mid- The present area of the city is 204 square miles. This is divided into thirty-five wards. dle of the thoroughfare, the reason of its width; Franklin took its name from Benja- The Twenty-seventh ward, the largest in the city, increased in population for the de- min Franklin, and Wells was named after Captain William Wells, Indian agent at Fort cade ending in 1910, 156 per cent. It now has 113,336 residents and may be taken as Wayne, who came to Fort Dearborn with a band of Miamis in August, 1812, to escort an indication of the city’s possibilities. the garrison and the settlers to Fort Wayne. He was killed in the Fort Dearborn mas- It has been suggested that the large foreign born population in Chicago will also

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120 Commonwealth

82 Dick Brothers Brewery

62 Columbia Weiss Beer Brewery

48 Ten Takeaways From Chicago Gourmet

40 6901 Oglesby Cooperative Apartment Building

32 Rare 1990 Donruss Factory Cubs Team Set Baseball Cards

24 Start Time for Monday’s Final Cubs Game Announced (But it’s Complicated)

18 Don’t Smash the Bugs on Your Couch; Otherwise You’ll Have the Smell All Over You, an Expert Says

12 Chicago’s Strange History With Pneumatic Tubes / Once an Event has Been Around for a Decade, you Have to Accept That it’s More Than a Passing Trend

10 Liz Phair: Exile In Guyville / Main Building and Machinery Hall, Illinois Institute of Technology / Brave Man Trashes Trump Tower Restaurant, Flipping Tables, Dumping Wine, Cops Say

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120 DAILY MUSEUM

82 UNION PARK BANNER

62 AMERICAN PHOTOENGRAVER

48 NATIONAL HAY AND GRAIN REPORTER

40 NORTHWESTERN JOURNAL OF HOMEOPATHIA

32 WELLS’ COMMERCIAL EXPRESS AND WESTERN PRODUCE

24 SPACIOUS STREETERVILLE THREE BED WITH GRANITE COUNTERS AND DECK

18 ENGLEWOOD HAD THE SHARPEST DECLINE IN MEDIAN HOUSE SALE PRICE SINCE 2006: 84 PERCENT

12 WARM, 80-DEGREE WEATHER MAKING A COMEBACK NEXT WEEK / HERE’S WHY THIS FALL’S LEAVES MIGHT BE EVEN MORE BEAUTIFUL THAN USUAL

10 MOUSETRAP, OFF COLOR BREWING’S TAPROOM, IS DESIGNED TO ENSNARE LOVERS OF EXPERIMENTAL BEERS / FEDERAL SIGN AND SIGNAL / AMERICAN BRAKE SHOE AND FOUNDRY

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◀◀ 6 / 7 pt Under the title of “Studies of the Great West” there appeared an ar- This leads me to speak of another feature of Chicago, which has no ARCHITECTURALLY CHICAGO IS MORE INTERESTING THAN MANY OLD- To show the wonderful manner in which the schools of Chicago have ticle in Harper’s New Monthly Magazine in May, 1888, by the late rival in this country; I mean the facility for pleasure driving and rid- ER CITIES. ITS WEALTH AND OPPORTUNITY FOR FINE BUILDING COM- increased to keep pace with its ever-increasing population, it is on- ◀ 6 / 7.25 pt Charles Dudley Warner. This contribution is especially valuable in ing. Michigan avenue from the mouth of the river, the centre of the ING WHEN OUR NATIONAL TASTE IS BEGINNING TO BE INDIVIDUAL, it ly necessary to mention that in 1841 there were enrolled in the pub- view of the fact that Chicago at the time it was written had not yet town, is macadamized. It and the other avenues immediately con- has escaped the monotony and mediocrity in which New York for so lic schools a total of 410 pupils, with but five teachers in all branch- 6 / 7.5 pt ▶ reached the million mark: “Chicago is becoming modest. Perhaps the nected with the park system are not included in the city street de- many years put its money, and out of the sameness of which it is es- es. In 1911 there were 304,146 pupils enrolled, with 6,584 teachers. inhabitants may still be able to conceal their modesty, but neverthe- partment, but are under the care of the Commissioners of Parks. No caping in spots. Having also plenty of room, Chicago has been able The appropriation made for the year 1912 was $17,146,575.00, which 6 / 8 pt ▶▶ less they feel it. The explanation is simple. The city has grown not on- traffic is permitted on them, and consequently they are in superb to avoid the block system in its residences, and to give play to vari- ly beyond the most sanguine expectations of those who indulged in means that it cost the city about $56.34 for each child’s training for condition for driving, summer and winter. The whole length of Mich- ety and creative genius. It is impossible to do much with the interior the most inflated hope of its future, but it has grown beyond what that period. This does not include approximately about 75,000 pu- igan avenue you will never see a loaded team. These roads, that is of a house in a block, however much you may load the front with or- they said they expected. This gives the citizens pause as it might an pils in parochial schools. Michigan avenue and the others of the park system, and the park nament. Confined to a long parallelogram, and limited as to light and eagle that laid a roc’s egg.” drives, are superb for driving or riding, perfectly made for drainage There is no question but that the public schools of Chicago “The fact is, Chicago has become an independent organism, air, neither comfort nor individual taste can be consulted or satisfied. and permanency, with a top-dressing of pulverized granite. The cost Chicago is a city of detached houses, in the humbler quarters as well stand pre-eminent among the best of any municipality in the coun- growing by a combination of forces and opportunities beyond the of Michigan avenue drive was two hundred thousand dollars a mile. contrivance of any combination of men to help or hinder, beyond the as in the magnificent avenues, and the effect is home-like and beau- try, and every effort is made to make them as much more effective as The cost of the parks and boulevards in each of the three divisions is need of flaming circulars and reports of boards of trade and process tiful at the same time. There is great variety, stone, brick, and wood possible. This city can also boast of the University of Chicago, one of met by a tax on the property in that division. The tax is considerable, pictures. It has passed the danger or the fear of rivalry, and reached intermingled, plain and ornamental; but drive where you will in the the most richly endowed institutions of learning in America, with an but the wise liberality of the citizens has done for the town what only the point where the growth of any other portion of the great North- favorite residence parts of the vast city, you will be continually sur- enrollment of 6,466 students and 330 instructors in all its branches. royalty usually accomplishes given it magnificent roads. And if good west, or of any city in it (whatever rivalry that city may show in in- prised with the sight of noble and artistic houses and homes display- It was founded in the year 1892. dustries or in commerce), is in some way a contribution to the pow- roads are a criterion of civilization, Chicago must stand very high. But it needed a community with a great deal of dating and confidence in ing taste as well as luxury. The NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY OF EVANSTON, Illinois, just on er and wealth of Chicago. To them that have shall be given. Cities, un- In addition to the business and public buildings of which I the borders of the City of Chicago, is also another richly endowed in- der favoring conditions, for local expansion, which reach a certain the future to create this park system. One in the heart of the city has not to drive three or four miles spoke, there are several, like the Art Museum, the Studebaker Build- stitution of learning, and has 3,788 students with 361 instructors. amount of population and wealth, grow by a kind of natural incre- ing, and the new Auditorium, which would be conspicuous and ad- ment, the law of attraction, very well known in human nature, which over cobble-stones and ruts to get to good driving-ground. When he There are also numerous other places of learning and technical mired in any city in the world. The city is rich in a few specimens of draws a person to an active city of two hundred thousand rather than has entered Michigan avenue he need not pull rein for twenty to thir- training, and Chicago stands prominently in the eyes of the world as to a stagnant city of one hundred thousand. And it is a fortunate ty miles. This is almost literally true as to extent, without counting private houses by Mr. Richardson (whose loss to the country is still a center for a diversified class of study, and students are drawn from apparently irreparable), houses worth a long journey to see, so sim- thing for civilization that this attraction is almost as strong to men of the miles of fine drives in the parks. For the city proper is circled by all parts to these places where may be obtained knowledge to equip

◀ 7 / 9 pt The first line of cars was on State street, between Randolph and Twelfth streets, In the early days of Chicago this was undoubtedly the case. It is said that the Robert Fergus, perhaps the most thorough of practical printers, arrived in Chica- and these commenced operations April 25th, 1859. The Madison street line was good die young, but of the printer it might be remarked “Good printers die poor,” go on July 1, 1839. He was born in the Gallowgate of Glasgow, Scotland, August 7 / 9.5 pt opened May 20th, 1859, and extended from Halsted to State street. The Randolph There may be exceptions, but such as there are only prove the rule. 14, 1815. At the age of 15 he was apprenticed to the printing business, and as a 7 / 10 pt ▶ street line opened July 15th, 1859. On the North Side the Wells street line extend- All who think along these lines must admit that printing has had much to regular indenture in those days meant a practical grounding in the knowledge of ed from the river to Chicago avenue, and was opened in the spring of 1859 ; the do with the advancement of our city’s greatness, the lifting of it into the promi- the art, upon its completion and his setting forth as a journeyman he possessed a Clark street line was opened in August, 1859. The cars on all these roads were nent place it now occupies as well as demonstrating to the whole world its mar- knowledge of his business such as qualified him to earn a livelihood in any part of small and some of them were known as “bob-tailed cars.” They were all drawn velous history a city without a peer. the world. He was married to Margaret Whitehead Scott, February, 1836. Mr. Fer- by horses. The driver stood on the front platform in all conditions of weather WITHOUT PRINTING THERE COULD BE NO PROGRESS, AS WE UNDERSTAND and drove his spirited team at the break-neck speed of nearly four miles an hour, gus was closely identified with the early history of Chicago in the printing world, IT TODAY, OR IT WOULD BY COMPARISON BE ONLY OF A LIMITED ORDER, AND while the passenger sat inside, and if it was wintertime almost froze. Oh! those and was an acknowledged authority on all things pertaining to its early records. GREAT CENTERS SUCH AS WE HAVE NOW WOULD BE QUITE IMPOSSIBLE. TAKE cars. What misery they represented in the winter season! How the passengers All his life he was identified with printing and publishing. The first book com- PRINTING AWAY FROM OUR PRESENTDAY MODE OF DOING BUSINESS, SHUT UP were huddled together a shivering mass of humanity with their feet in danger piled, printed, bound and issued in Chicago was the Directory of 1844, which was OUR LIBRARIES AND OBLITERATE BOOKS, AND IMMEDIATELY WE SINK INTO A of being frozen, and that too in spite of the straw so generously supplied by the placed upon the market in the year 1843. This directory was printed by Ellis & DEPTH OF DARKNESS THAT WOULD APPALL US TO CONTEMPLATE. companies for the benefit of their patrons, and which in a short time became so Fergus. It is said that the earlier directories of Chicago were compiled without co- filthy that it was unfit for bedding the beasts that hauled the cars. It is by viewing it in this light that anything that can be said concerning the py. The pages were held upon the imposing stone and when a newcomer arrived The car drivers’ life in those days, and, for the matter of that, the conduc- early printer of Chicago should prove of interest to every studious mind, and not his name, business and address were inserted in the form. In this way new names tors too, were full of incidents. It was not an uncommon thing for the car often only those who are intimately connected with the craft but also those who have to leave the track, even on a short trip, and the passengers would he requested to derived inestimable benefits from the self-sacrificing labors of the craftsmen were added until the time arrived to republish the book. It is stated that Mr. Fer- get out and assist in restoring the car to its proper place on the rails. They would themselves. gus on many occasions received commendations for the correctness of his direc- then return to the car, only to find that the team in starting up had thrown each The first job printing done in this city was by John Calhoun in 1833, four tory, and he lived to see the city of his choice grow to be one of the most famous other down, when the male portion of the cargo would again descend to see the years before Chicago was incorporated as a city. He also edited and printed the on the American continent and a center of typographical activity second to none.

◀ 8 / 10 pt The first book compiled, printed, bound and issued in Chicago was theDirectory of 1844. It was placed upon history-making, “Long John” was certainly one of the conspicuous citizens of Chicago, and, unlike nearly all the market in the year 1843. This Directory was compiled by J. Wellington Norris, and printed by Ellis & Fer- 8 / 11 pt ▶ of the promoters of newspapers of his day, he retired from the journalistic field with a competency, his re- gus, from the Saloon Building, South Water and Clark streets. al estate investments making him a rich man and his natural Yankee shrewdness gave him an opportunity The second Directory, prepared similarly to the first, was also compiled by Norris. It was printed by which he was not slow to turn to advantage. James Campbell & Co., Commercial Building, 65 Lake street. A ludicrous incident is connected with the compi- James J. Langdon was foreman of the Journal office in 1848. He later went into business with Sterling lation and printing of this work. The first of Campbell & Co. came to a premature dissolution while the Directo- P. Rounds and aided in establishing THE PRINTERS’ CABINET. Mr. Rounds’ entire capital was $5.00. Mr. Lang- ry was in process of gestation. Mr. Campbell, who was a man of quick temper, becoming incensed at Mr. Norris (the Co.) forcibly ejected him from the office and threatened to kick him if he looked back. Some gentlemen, don shortly thereafter retired to Prairie du Chien, Wis., and embarked in the horse business, but finding that subsequently discussing the contention with Mr. Norris, asked him if he emulated the example of Lot’s wife. his animals cost him more than he could make out of them he returned to Chicago and again formed a part- Norris replied, “No, I didn’t look back.” This unseemly dispute severed the copartnership, as in point of fact any nership with Mr. Rounds. In December, 1856, there was but one other journal in the United States that was copartnership between Mr. Norris, a gentleman “as meek as Moses,” and Campbell, as fiery as a Scotch High- devoted exclusively to the interest of the art preservative The Typographical Advertiser. Rounds’ Cabinet was lander, was sure to come sooner or later to an abrupt termination. A notice in the Chicago Journal of April 16, the first of that character in the Northwest, the second in its date of issue, and the first monthly typographi- 1845, dated April 15, 1845, announced the dissolution of the firm of James Campbell & Co., and further that cal journal in the Union. all demands against the same would be settled by James Campbell, to whom all money due said firm must be LANGDON WAS A SKILLFUL WORKMAN AND MANY ANCIENT SPECIMENS BEARING THE IMPRINT OF paid. Mr. Campbell is long since dead. Mr. Norris died a few years since in the interior of this state. It is doubt- ROUNDS & LANGDON, WHOSE ESTABLISHMENT WAS THEN LOCATED AT NO. 46 STATE STREET, TODAY ARE ful if he made a living by his literary labors in Chicago. WORTHY OF ADMIRATION BECAUSE OF THE ARTISTIC EXECUTION WITH WHICH THEY WERE TURNED OUT. The next Chicago Directory was entitled “Norris’ Business Directory for 1846,” Eastman & Davison, Thomas C. Whitmarsh was one of the early printers to reach Chicago from the East, he coming to this printers, 63 Lake street. It took all the fonts of type in the office to set up this directory. The next in the list of early directories is entitled “Norris’ Chicago Directory for 1846-7, Geer & Wilson, printers, Saloon Build- city in 1843. His first employment was on the Western Citizen, conducted by Zebina Eastman, he engaging in

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◀ 9 / 12 pt No story of Chicago would be complete without a short account of the great fire of 1871, and The following is an extract from The Chicago Tribune of Sunday, October 8, the last issue before

9 / 13 pt ▶ nothing can prove more interesting than the statements of eye witnesses of that scene, and by the office was destroyed. It is said to be one of the best descriptions of the scene now accessible: these accounts and what history has proved, it stands today as one of the most appalling visi- “Only a few minutes elapsed after the striking of the alarm before the flames were seen tations which the world had ever experienced. There were seventy-three miles of streets burned sweeping to the sky, and the lurid light that illuminated the horizon grew more and more power- and the total loss of property could not have been less than $200,000,000.00. The Custom House, ful, casting its brilliant rays in every direction, bringing out in bold relief the fronts of the build- the Court House, the Postoffice, the Chamber of Commerce and the great business blocks, the ings which faced it from all quarters. The wind, seeming to rise as the flames did, set from the banks, the theaters and the newspaper offices, all went down together in the awful conflagration. Southwest, carrying with it in its onward rush streams of sparks, cinders and partially burned We can form some conception of the extent of the buildings and property destroyed by the space pieces of wood, which covered the sky with dazzling spangles, sweeping northwestward like a burned over which, on the West Side, embraced one hundred and twenty-four acres; South Side, four hundred and sixty acres; North Side, one thousand four hundred and seventy acres; mak- flight of meteors, but falling steadily in a fiery shower of rain, over that broad area embraced -be ing a total area of two thousand one hundred and twenty-four acres, or nearly three and a half tween the river, the South Branch, Wells street and Jackson street; the lighter ones going far over square miles, being about four miles in length and from one to one and a half in width. The num- on the North Division, while the heavier and more dangerous ones fell before they reached that ber of buildings destroyed was seventeen thousand four hundred and fifty, and nearly one hun- point. They dropped with great force to the ground, to the occasional danger of the foot passen- dred thousand persons were left homeless. ger and the frightening of horses, and showered upon roofs of buildings, inspiring constant fear The conflagration of 1871 wiped out the old Chicago that had been built prior to that time, that other conflagrations would break out, and that a terribly broad area would be covered by the and from its ashes arose a city of such proportions and such grandeur as the world previously had flames, and put it out of the power of the engines to combat them.” never seen. At the time of its destruction it was looked upon as one of the greatest calamities vis- “Late as it was, the splendor of the flames and the wonderful brilliancy of the sky were such ited upon mankind, but the ultimate effect was to direct the eyes of the world upon it and make it as to attract enormous crowds from every quarter. The densely populated sections of the West Di- the Mecca of thousands of venturesome spirits, so that it attracted men from every clime, men of vision lying near the fire would have, of itself, been sufficient to choke up the surrounding streets towering ambition and energy; men with means and those without means, but of unrivaled skill, with an impassable crowd; but as the fire showed no signs of abating, they came from greater to assist in placing it where it stands today, the cynosure of all eyes and the point of attraction and greater distances, forcing their way down Clinton street, in the center of which near Adams, for innumerable great enterprises. The massiveness of its buildings is what strikes the eye, and is the wonder of every visi- were half a dozen isolated street cars utterly unable to get back to their stables. The crowd made tor, and especially is this so when they learn of the difficulty of securing an adequate foundation its way down Jackson street, near where the fire began, and stopped there, caring nothing for the

◀ 10 / 14 pt has no competition in population except in New York and London. London lacks the pos- The study of Chicago street names is an interesting pursuit, and it brings to light ma- 10 / 15 pt ▶ sibilities of expansion and sooner or later will reach the maximum of growth. “The as- ny a bit of forgotten history. The first survey of Chicago was made in 1830 by James tounding and unparalleled growth of cities in the present period will help Chicago. The Thompson, and embraced an area of about three-eighths of a square mile. Besides tendency is becoming more and more marked for mankind to get in close contact. Cit- the garrison at Fort Dearborn, the population did not exceed 100. Three of the bound- ies today are larger than they ever were before. The dominance of railroads over the af- ary streets of the village were named after the most prominent men of the day, the sur- fairs of mankind will mean the most rapid growth for Chicago, the greatest center of vey showing that Washington street was the south boundary, Jefferson street the west, railroads. The railroads of the United States have a higher standard than those abroad. Kinzie street the north and Dearborn street the east. Dearborn street was named af- This is a commercial age. America is the greatest commercial and industrial nation. It is ter the fort, which in turn was named in honor of General Henry Dearborn, Secretary rapidly becoming the financial center of the world. The time will come when it will also of War; Kinzie street took its name from John Kinzie, the early white settler, while the hold the supremacy in the arts and the sciences that it now does in commerce. All these things will help to bring Chicago to the front as the world metropolis.” The growth of others were named after George Washington and Thomas Jefferson. Northward from population in Chicago is shown as follows : Washington street came Randolph, named after John Randolph of Roanoke; Lake, af- Census Population Change ter Lake Michigan; Fulton, named after Robert Fulton, whose steamboat, the Claremont, 1840 4,470 — had made its first trip on the Hudson between New York and Albany just twenty-three 1850 29,963 570.3% years before Chicago was mapped out; Carroll street, after Charles Carroll of Carrollton, 1860 112,172 274.4% and then Kinzie street. 1870 298,977 166.5% Eastward from Jefferson the streets were named Clinton, after DeWitt Clinton, 1880 503,185 68.3% chief promoter of the Erie Canal; Canal, after the I. and M. Canal; east of the river the 1890 1,099,850 118.6% first street was named Market street because the city market was located in the mid- The present area of the city is 204 square miles. This is divided into thirty-five wards. dle of the thoroughfare, the reason of its width; Franklin took its name from Benjamin The Twenty-seventh ward, the largest in the city, increased in population for the decade Franklin, and Wells was named after Captain William Wells, Indian agent at Fort Wayne, ending in 1910, 156 per cent. It now has 113,336 residents and may be taken as an indi- who came to Fort Dearborn with a band of Miamis in August, 1812, to escort the gar- cation of the city’s possibilities. rison and the settlers to Fort Wayne. He was killed in the Fort Dearborn massacre at It has been suggested that the large foreign born population in Chicago will also

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