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Bartolome De Las Casas Revisited
Bartolome de Las Casas Revisited Amber Ferris Seminar Paper Presented to the Department of History Western Oregon University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in History Spring 2009 Approved________________________________________Date___________ Approved________________________________________Date___________ HST 499: Prof. Max Geier & Prof. Narasingha Sil 2 Fray Bartolome de Las Cas O La Proteccion de Los Indios Source: http://libweb.hawaii.edu/libdept/charlotcoll/posada/images/posada/posbib76.gif 3 I Christopher Columbus' discovery of the Americas in 1492 opened a whole new world to the Europeans. The discovered land held new resources, new territory, and new peoples. Conquistadors were enthralled by the lure of gold and territory. But the Spanish government and colonists faced the problem of the nature and status of the people that already inhabited these lands. Were they to be treated as equals, serfs, or slaves? Were they even really people? The answers to these questions were complex and unclear. The Spanish crown made many laws regarding how the natives and colonists should interact, however, much of this legislation was ignored by colonists and conquerors. Most of the colonists were more than happy to exploit the natives, but some religious orders opposed this exploitation. One of the most outspoken defenders of indigenous rights was the Dominican Order. An especially tenacious Dominican defender of natives' rights was Fr. Bartolome de Las Casas, who campaigned for native rights during the early and mid-sixteenth century. As this paper will show, Las Casas’ championship of indigenous rights was shaped by his European heritage. II The Spanish conquest of the New World happened in concurrence with the Renaissance in Europe. -
Homelessness, Survival Sex and Human Trafficking: As Experienced by the Youth of Covenant House New York
Homelessness, Survival Sex and Human Trafficking: As Experienced by the Youth of Covenant House New York May 2013 Jayne Bigelsen, Director Anti-Human Trafficking Initiatives, Covenant House New York*: Stefanie Vuotto, Fordham University: Tool Development and Validation Project Coordinators: Kimberly Addison, Sara Trongone and Kate Tully Research Assistants/Legal Advisors: Tiffany Anderson, Jacquelyn Bradford, Olivia Brown, Carolyn Collantes, Sharon Dhillon, Leslie Feigenbaum, Laura Ferro, Andrea Laidman, Matthew Jamison, Laura Matthews-Jolly, Gregory Meves, Lucas Morgan, Lauren Radebaugh, Kari Rotkin, Samantha Schulman, Claire Sheehan, Jenn Strashnick, Caroline Valvardi. With a special thanks to Skadden Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP and Affiliates for their financial support and to the Covenant House New York staff who made this report possible. And our heartfelt thanks go to the almost 200 Covenant House New York youth who shared their stories with us. *For questions on the use of the trafficking screening tool discussed in this report or anything else related to the substance of the study, please contact study author, Jayne Bigelsen at [email protected] Table of Contents: Executive Summary . 5 Introduction . 5 Key Findings . 6 Terminology . 7 Objectives/Method . 8 Results and Discussion . 10 Compelled Sex Trafficking . 10 Survival Sex . 11 Relationship between Sex Trafficking and Survival Sex . 12 Labor Trafficking . 13 Contributing Factors . 14 Average Age of Entry into Commercial Sexual Activity . 16 Transgender and Gay Youth . 16 Development and Use of the Trafficking Assessment Tool . 17 Implications for Policy and Practice . 19 Conclusion . 21 Appendix: Trafficking Screening Tool . 22 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Introduction In recent years, the plight of human trafficking victims has received a great deal of attention among legislators, social service providers and the popular press. -
A Prelude: Friars from Spain Preaching Justice
PREACHERS FROM ABROAD 1786 - 1815 CHAPTER 1 A PRELUDE: FRIARS FROM SPAIN PREACHING JUSTICE With the Spanish invaders of the Americas in the 1500's came Dominican friars from Spain, sent to teach, heal and preach. Their mission reached from the islands of the Caribbean to Florida and Mexico, through Central and South America, and across the Pacific to the Philippines. In those places members of the Order of Preachers dedicated their lives to fighting oppression by teaching the truth of salvation; of human nature saved by Jesus Christ. Among those early friars only a few arrived in the land that is now the United States, but one of them was Antonio de Montesinos who raised the first cry for liberty in the western hemisphere. Map of the Americas (16th century): route of the Dominicans from Salamanca to Sto. Domingo, 1510 Only two years after the death of Columbus did the saga of the Spanish Dominicans on mission in the Americas begin. On October 3, 1508, the Master of the Order of Preachers, Thomas de Vio, or Cajetan, had requested that fifteen friars be sent from the University of Salamanca to La Espanola, the island in the Caribbean which today includes Haiti and the Dominican Republic.[1] The first four men arrived in September, 1510 at the Spanish stronghold of Santo Domingo, and made it their mission base. They were Pedro de Cordoba, the prior; Antonio de Montesinos; Bernardo de Santo Domingo; and Pedro de Estrada.[2] These friars would leave an indelible mark on the early struggle for human rights for indigenous peoples. -
On the Theme Statelessness
Submission Guidelines Collaborate with your team on your case study presentation. When it is complete, the team leader is responsible for submitting it in the Assignment Lab, or for making sure that another team member submits it. Please note that all learners should visit the assignment lab and provide feedback on at least 2 other team presentations, before the deadline. As a reminder, your presentation should: 1. Be limited to no more than 750 words 2. Engage the materials in the case studies, lectures, and text. 3. You are free to import material from outside the course, but this is not necessary and may detract you and teammates from the task. Don't go overboard! Instructions Step 1: Read the case study introduction, background information, and the primary sources below. Step 2: Work with your team to answer the challenge question for this case study. Step 3: Go to the Assignment Lab to post your response, and to read and comment on other learners' submissions. Track A, Case study 6: Las Casas on the rights of Native peoples. STEP 1 Case Study Introduction Did conquered peoples of the Americas have rights? In this case study, we look at the sixteenth century work of Bartolomé de Las Casas about the excesses of Spanish colonizers in the Americas and his arguments on the rights of indigenous communities. Las Casas raised awareness in Spain of the abuse and exploitation of native peoples by greedy Europeans. While European settlers in the Americas felt that they had ‘discovered’ a new world full of resources and opportunities (for God, gold and silver, and glory), to the people of that world the encounter was a catastrophe, an overturning of space and time, (‘Pacha Kuti,’ in the Quechua language of the Incan people). -
Dangerous Spirit of Liberty: Slave Rebellion, Conspiracy, and the First Great Awakening, 1729-1746
Dangerous Spirit of Liberty: Slave Rebellion, Conspiracy, and the First Great Awakening, 1729-1746 by Justin James Pope B.A. in Philosophy and Political Science, May 2000, Eckerd College M.A. in History, May 2005, University of Cincinnati M.Phil. in History, May 2008, The George Washington University A Dissertation submitted to The Faculty of The Columbian College of Arts and Sciences of The George Washington University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy January 31, 2014 Dissertation directed by David J. Silverman Professor of History The Columbian College of Arts and Sciences of The George Washington University certifies that Justin Pope has passed the Final Examination for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy January 10, 2014. This is the final and approved form of the dissertation. Dangerous Spirit of Liberty: Slave Rebellion, Conspiracy, and the Great Awakening, 1729-1746 Justin Pope Dissertation Research Committee: David J. Silverman, Professor of History, Dissertation Director Denver Brunsman, Assistant Professor of History, Committee Member Greg L. Childs, Assistant Professor of History, Committee Member ii © Copyright 2014 by Justin Pope All rights reserved iii Acknowledgments I feel fortunate to thank the many friends and colleagues, institutions and universities that have helped me produce this dissertation. The considerable research for this project would not have been possible without the assistance of several organizations. The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History, the Maryland Historical Society, the Cosmos Club Foundation of Washington, D.C., the Andrew Mellon Fellowship of the Virginia Historical Society, the W. B. H. Dowse Fellowship of the Massachusetts Historical Society, the Thompson Travel Grant from the George Washington University History Department, and the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Research Fellowship all provided critical funding for my archival research. -
Teacher Guide.Qxd
Classroom Materials developed by the New-YYork Historical Society as a companion to the exhibit Generous support provided by THE NEW-YYORK HISTORICAL SOCIETY Since its founding in 1804, the New-York Historical Society (N-YHS) has been a mainstay of cultural life in New York City and a center of historical scholarship and education. For generations, students and teachers have been able to benefit directly from the N-YHS’s mission to collect, preserve and interpret materials relevant to the history of our city, state and nation. N-YHS consistently creates opportunities to experience the nation’s history through the prism of New York. Our uniquely integrated collection of documents and objects are par- ticularly well-suited for educational purposes, not only for scholars but also for school children, teachers and the larger public. The story of New York’s rootedness in the enslavement of Africans is largely unknown to the general public. Over the next two years, the New-York Historical Society, together with the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, will stage two major exhibitions, with walking tours, educational materials and programs for learners of all ages. The first of these exhibits, entitled “Slavery in New York,” explores the vital roles enslaved labor and the slave trade played in making New York one of the wealthiest cities in the world. In bringing this compelling and dramatic story to the forefront of historical inquiry, “Slavery in New York” will transform col- lective understanding of this great city’s past, present and future. The enclosed resources have been devel- oped to facilitate pre- and post-visit lessons in the classroom and provide learning experiences beyond the duration of the exhibit. -
School of Theology - Seton Hall University File:///C:/Users/Public/Geretylectures/Aretheynotmen.Htm
School of Theology - Seton Hall University file:///C:/Users/Public/GeretyLectures/aretheynotmen.htm "ARE THEY NOT MEN?" LAS CASAS AND THE PRO-INDIAN MOVEMENT IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY Reverend Stafford Poole, C.M. ArChbishop Gerety LeCture at Seton Hall University, DeCember 8, 1987 It all began on the fourth Sunday of Advent in the year 1511. The PlaCe was the island Called Espanola, whiCh today Comprises Haiti and the DominiCan Republic. For almost twenty years the Spanish Conquistadores and settlers had lived in the Comfortable belief that God had given them the Indies for their own personal pleasure and enrichment. Even as exploitation, enslavement, overwork, and European diseases began the inevitable process of decimating, and eventually exterminating, the native population, the Spanish were looking for new worlds to Conquer and subdue. The horizons seemed limitless. Hitherto, nothing had seriously shaken their complaCenCy, at least until that fateful Sunday in Advent when the DominiCan friar Antonio de Montesinos asCended the pulpit in the small thatChed ChurCh. The sermon for the fourth Sunday of Advent had been set down in writing and signed by the three DominiCans who served in the parish. Montesinos was delegated to deliver it. After the gospel, he announCed the text for the day, "I am the voiCe of one Crying in the wilderness." After having said a few words about the Advent season, he began a blistering attaCk on his Congregation and their treatment of the Indians. In order to make this known to you, I have Come up here, for I am the voiCe of Christ Crying in the wilderness of this island, and therefore you had better listen to me, not with indifferenCe but with all your heart and with all your senses. -
Blackbirding Cases
SLAVING IN AUSTRALIAN COURTS: BLACKBIRDING CASES Home About JSPL Submission Information Current Issue Journal of Search South Pacific Law Volume 4 2000 2008 2007 SLAVING IN AUSTRALIAN COURTS: BLACKBIRDING CASES, 1869-1871 2006 2005 By Reid Mortensen[*] 2004 1. INTRODUCTION 2003 2002 This article examines major prosecutions in New South Wales and 2001 Queensland for blackbirding practices in Melanesian waters, and early regulation under the Imperial Kidnapping Act that was meant to 2000 correct problems those prosecutions raised. It considers how legal 1999 argument and adjudication appropriated the political debate on the question whether the trade in Melanesian labour to Queensland and 1998 Fiji amounted to slaving, and whether references to slaving in 1997 Australian courts only compounded the difficulties of deterring recruiting abuses in Melanesia. It is suggested that, even though the Imperial Government conceived of the Kidnapping Act as a measure to deal with slaving, its success in Australian courts depended on its avoiding any reference to the idea of slavery in the legislation itself. This is developed in three parts. Part 1 provides the social context, introducing the trade in Melanesian labour for work in Queensland. Part 2 explores the prosecutions brought under the slave trade legislation and at common law against labour recruiters, especially those arising from incidents involving the Daphne and the Jason. It attempts to uncover the way that lawyers in these cases used arguments from the broader political debate as to whether the trade amounted to slaving. Part 3 concludes with an account of the relatively more effective regulation brought by the Kidnapping Act, with tentative suggestions as to how the arguments about slaving in Australian courts influenced the form that regulation under the Act had to take. -
A History of the Independent African Colonization Movement in Pennsylvania
Kurt Lee Kocher A DUTY TO AMERICA AND AFRICA: A HISTORY OF THE INDEPENDENT AFRICAN COLONIZATION MOVEMENT IN PENNSYLVANIA ".. with the success of the colonization cause is intimately con- nected the perpetuity of the union of those States, the happiness of the people of this country, the elevation of the colored population to the enjoyment of rational and civil liberty, and the civilization of Africa and her conversion to Christianity. , Rev. George M. Bethune Philadelphia In furthering the great scheme of civilization there [in Africa] where it is so much needed, we redeem in part the discredit which every descendant from a European stock inherits in his paternal share of the fatal wrongs inflicted through a long course of years upon that benighted and injured land. Address of Joseph R. Ingersoll at the Annual Meeting of the Pennsylvania Colonization Society October 25, 1838 THE African colonization movement of the nineteenth century remains an enigma. The difficulty in discussing colonization centers primarily on whether it was an attempt to "civilize" Africa and rid the nation of slavery, or was an attempt by white America to achieve a racially pure nation. Efforts to answer this question are complicated by the fact that the early nineteenth century was a period of widespread religious ferment and deep conviction. When religion is added to any 118 AFRICAN COLONIZATION 119 volatile issue the confusion is compounded. Northern Ireland is a good contemporary example. Colonization has been studied by numerous individuals, but a definitive volume on the entire movement still has not been compiled. The motivation factor must be placed at the center of such a work. -
In Evangelical Solidarity with the Oppressed
In Evangelical Solidarity with the Oppressed The Fifth Centenary Anniversary of the Arrival of the Order in America INTRODUCTION “Lessons of humanism, spirituality and effort to raise man's dignity, are taught to us by Antonio Montesinos, Córdoba, Bartolomé de las Casas . They are men in whom pulsates concern for the weak, for the defenseless, for the natives; subjects worthy of all respect as persons and as bearers of the image of God, destined for a transcendent vocation. The first International Law has its origin here with Francisco de Vitoria.” Pope John Paul II. Homily, Santo Domingo, January 25, 1979 Who were these friars who announced the Gospel? Under what circumstances did they announce the Word of God? What did their preaching achieve? What challenges did they face? What were they announcing? What methods were used for evangelization? It is important to try to answer these questions – not only for our sake as Dominican men and women, but also for the sake of the Church – because clear proclamation of the gospel will always find opposition. In our discussion of the topics described below, we have tried to add as few words as possible. Rather, it is our belief that the writings of the first Dominicans in the “New World” speak for themselves. The detailed and insightful reading of their testimonies will challenge our daily routine and encourage us to rediscover the novelty of the Gospel. It is true that the forces which presently repress or deny human dignity and the agents that enforce such situations are different from those that existed five centuries ago. -
Bartolome De Las Casas Revisited Amber Ferris Western Oregon University
Western Oregon University Digital Commons@WOU Student Theses, Papers and Projects (History) Department of History 2009 Bartolome de Las Casas Revisited Amber Ferris Western Oregon University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.wou.edu/his Part of the Latin American History Commons Recommended Citation Ferris, Amber, "Bartolome de Las Casas Revisited" (2009). Student Theses, Papers and Projects (History). 73. https://digitalcommons.wou.edu/his/73 This Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of History at Digital Commons@WOU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Student Theses, Papers and Projects (History) by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons@WOU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Bartolome de Las Casas Revisited Amber Ferris Seminar Paper Presented to the Department of History Western Oregon University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in History Spring 2009 Approved________________________________________Date___________ Approved________________________________________Date___________ HST 499: Prof. Max Geier & Prof. Narasingha Sil 2 Fray Bartolome de Las Cas O La Proteccion de Los Indios Source: http://libweb.hawaii.edu/libdept/charlotcoll/posada/images/posada/posbib76.gif 3 I Christopher Columbus' discovery of the Americas in 1492 opened a whole new world to the Europeans. The discovered land held new resources, new territory, and new peoples. Conquistadors were enthralled by the lure of gold and territory. But the Spanish government and colonists faced the problem of the nature and status of the people that already inhabited these lands. Were they to be treated as equals, serfs, or slaves? Were they even really people? The answers to these questions were complex and unclear. -
Calls for Justice in the New World: the Prophetic Life of Bartolomé De Las Casas in the Spanish Colonization of the Americas
Whitworth Digital Commons Whitworth University History of Christianity II: TH 314 Honors Program Spring 2018 Calls for Justice in the New World: The rP ophetic Life of Bartolomé de Las Casas in the Spanish Colonization of the Americas Daniel Roberts Whitworth University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.whitworth.edu/th314h Part of the Christian Denominations and Sects Commons, Christianity Commons, History of Christianity Commons, and the History of Religions of Western Origin Commons Recommended Citation Roberts, Daniel , "Calls for Justice in the New World: The rP ophetic Life of Bartolomé de Las Casas in the Spanish Colonization of the Americas" Whitworth University (2018). History of Christianity II: TH 314. Paper 18. https://digitalcommons.whitworth.edu/th314h/18 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors Program at Whitworth University. It has been accepted for inclusion in History of Christianity II: TH 314 by an authorized administrator of Whitworth University. Daniel Roberts TH-314 History of Christianity II Dr. Keith Beebe 26 April, 2018 Calls for Justice in the New World: The Prophetic Life of Bartolomé de Las Casas in the Spanish Colonization of the Americas For Christians of European and American descent, the history of the conquest of the Americas and further enslavement of Africans is a harsh reminder that Christians can be just as violent and destructive as any tyrant who has ever lived. Much like Shakespeare’s Lady Macbeth, Westerners have the memory of millions of dead and enslaved on their hands, a memory which cannot easily be washed away, plaguing the conscience.