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The War Within a War Hidden Stories of the Civil War’S Impact on Tennessee

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The War Within a War Hidden Stories of the Civil War’S Impact on Tennessee The War Within a War Hidden Stories of the Civil War’s Impact on Tennessee Teaching Tennessee History: Lesson Plans for the Classroom Volume II This project was funded in part by a grant from Humanities Tennessee, an independent affiliate of the National Endowment for the Humanities. Additional support provided by The Grimes Family Donor Advised Fund of the East Tennessee Foundation, established by Mr. and Mrs. B.W. Grimes and by Katie Dean Foundation. East Tennessee Historical Society Lesson Plans: The War Within A War, Vol. II 0 Lesson Plan Titles and Authors Alphabetical by Author Graveyard Investigation: A Civil War Culminating Activity ……..…..Intermediate……………3 Janet Blackwell Promote a Community - Poster …………………................................Intermediate and...….…10 Steve Broyles Middle School Classroom Debate: East Tennessee-Secession or Unionism ..………..Middle School………...12 Steve Broyles Sequencing of Events ………….……………………………………....Middle School….……..15 Jane S. Crosby Digging Up Our Civil War Past ….…………………………………...Middle School.........….18 Traci Freeman A Museum of Local Heritage ………………………………………….Middle School…….….20 Catherine S. Haynes Lest We Forget ………………………………..……………………….Middle School…….….21 Julie S. Perkins The Siege of Knoxville …………………………………………..…….Intermediate…..……....22 Sherry G. Johnson Oral History of World War II Veterans ……………………………….Middle School…….….23 Sandra Johnson Tennessee Secession Vote: Election of June 8, 1861 ………………….Intermediate, .………..26 Scott Linn Middle & High School Where Have All the Soldiers Gone? …………………………………..Middle and…………...28 Scott Linn High School Story Poem of Nettie’s Trip South …………………………………….Intermediate and……..29 Wanda Mash Middle School The Civil War Through Music ………………………………………...Intermediate and……..32 David Neidig Middle School This Week in the Civil War ……………………………………………Intermediate, …………36 Doris Noland Parton Middle & High School East Tennessee Historical Society Lesson Plans: The War Within a War, Vol. II 1 Don’t You Know Me, I’m Your Native Son …………………………….Middle School……....37 Pat Swartz The Raging War Within East Tennessee ……………………………….Middle School………39 Pam Thomas Living History and the Civil War ………………………………………Middle School……….41 Pam Thomas Suggested Readings…………………………………………………………………………….46 East Tennessee Historical Society Lesson Plans: The War Within a War, Vol. II 2 Graveyard Investigation: A Civil War Culminating Activity Submitted by Janet M. Blackwell, Bradley County, TN Objectives/Purpose: As a culminating activity, students are expected to realize what life was like for a soldier and a civilian during the Civil War period. Students will do a lot of brainstorming and individualized thinking. After discussion and lecture, students will put their thoughts and ideas in the form of a letter. First, students will “rub” or copy gravestones of Confederate and Union soldiers at Fort Hill Cemetery, Cleveland, TN, to help students more fully realize the consequences of war, especially brother against brother. Students will sample Civil War hardtack, jerky and hot water; listen to and learn about some historical incidences (that occurred in Bradley County during the Civil War), and write a letter in the voice of a Civil War soldier. Grade Level: Fifth Grade Group Size: 20-25 students divided into groups of two Lesson Time: 2-3 hours for field trip and discussion plus 2 hours of class time spread over a week to read letters aloud Background Information: Before the field trip, teach a Civil War unit that emphasizes the following topics: the causes of the Civil War, the famous people of the North and South, the major battles of the Civil War, the life of a soldier, and the importance of the transportation of troops during the Civil War. A Civil War Ballad by Mary Stolz (ISBN 0-06-442088-4) and Family under Fire by Ronald Kidd (ISBN 0-9648140-0-5) can be used for reading activities in order to demonstrate the division of East Tennessee. (Books are available at the East Tennessee Historical Society and AR tests are included here.) Materials: 1. Bulletin board paper 11. Four or five blankets 2. Black crayons 12. Local historian 3. Shaving cream 13. Civil War tombstones 4. Napkins or paper towels 14. Flour (to dust tombstones) 5. One garbage bag 15. Masking tape (to hold paper to tombstone) 6. Masking tape 7. Hardtack wrapped in cloth (recipe included) 8. Beef jerky (purchased at store) 9. Hot water in thermos 10. Cups East Tennessee Historical Society Lesson Plans: The War Within a War, Vol. II 3 Strategies/Procedures: Travel to Fort Hill Cemetery by school bus. Before exiting the bus, review with the students the proper cemetery conduct and respect. Explain how to distinguish a Civil War tombstone or gravesite from other time periods. Civil War-era tombstones will have death dates from 1860-1865 but include stones that have an appropriate age for the person to have served in the war. Stones can also belong to veterans and military ranks may be listed. Exit bus in vicinity of Civil War graves and have students, in assigned groups of two, find gravestones to copy by pressing the paper against the stone and rubbing it with black crayons. Students should copy several tombstones. As students finish etching, gather them on blankets to sample hardtack, beef jerky, hot water. Discuss the reasons soldiers ate this type of food. Allow time for the local historian to speak to the students about the Civil War in Bradley County. Return to classroom for a discussion on the activity and to begin the letter assignment. Evaluation/Assessment: Upon returning to school, discuss the copies students made at Fort Hill. Include thoughts about the age of the soldier, how he died, what he ate, how he lived and traveled, etc. For homework, students pretend to be a soldier, taking the name from one of the tombstone copies, and write a letter to that soldier’s brother or sister at home telling what was happening during the days before the soldier’s death. Students should use information gathered from both the speaker and information learned during the Civil War unit. To complete the project, have students read their letters to the class. East Tennessee Historical Society Lesson Plans: The War Within a War, Vol. II 4 Soldiers’ Hardtack Recipe (Recipe copied from Colonial Kids , by Laurie Carlson [ISBN 1-55652-322-X], Page 77) Ingredients: 3 cups flour 1 cup plus 1 tablespoon water Utensils: Mixing bowl Measuring cup Measuring spoons Rolling pin Biscuit cutter or drinking glass Baking sheet, greased with shortening Fork Hot broth or warm cocoa Directions: Preheat oven to 400 F. Add water to the flour and mix thoroughly to make a soft (but not sticky) dough. Dust flour on the tabletop to keep the dough from sticking. Knead and punch the dough on the tabletop for about 10 minutes. The dough will become elastic, like chewing gum. Roll the dough out ½ inch thick and cut in circles with a biscuit cutter or the rim of a drinking glass. Lay the biscuits on the baking sheet. Prick them a couple of times with a fork to keep air bubbles from forming as they bake. Bake for 7 minutes. Turn the oven down to 350 F and bake 7 to 10 minutes more. The biscuits should be hard as a rock. Hardtack never spoiled. Soldiers sometimes ate it years after it was baked. To help soften these, try soaking them in a cup of hot broth or warm cocoa. Recipe produces two-dozen 2-inch biscuits. East Tennessee Historical Society Lesson Plans: The War Within a War, Vol. II 5 Accelerated Reading Test Written by J. Blackwell A Ballad of the Civil War By Mary Stolz Number of Words: 6286 Reading Level: 3.6 1. Jack and Tom were *brothers friends cousins neighbors 2. Where had Aaron been sent? *’down to the quarter’ to town to buy party goods to the next plantation to the North to visit relatives 3. According to Daddy, Aaron was sent ‘down to the quarter’ because *Aaron had gotten uppity Aaron needed to finish work there Aaron’s family was waiting for him Aaron’s mama was sick 4. According to Father, a notion was *anything he didn’t approve of a fresh thought or idea a trick to fool the master something to play with 5. What did Colonel Sparklehoff give the twins for their birthday? *British toy soldiers drums hobbyhorses jack-in-the-boxes 6. What did Tom and Jack do with most of their birthday toys? *gave the toys to the slave children stored the toys away sold the toys in town returned the toys to their owners 7. What toy did Tom want to give Aaron? *a red and gold drum with tassels a set of toy soldiers a big, red kickball a special puppet East Tennessee Historical Society Lesson Plans: The War Within a War, Vol. II 6 A Ballad of the Civil War , Page 2 8. What gifts did the boys receive for their tenth birthday? *real horses a servant to wait on them new party clothes new hunting rifles 9. What did Jack always want to be when he grew up? *a soldier a plantation owner a horse trainer a wealthy merchant 10. Who did Tom find at the side of the road? *a wounded Reb soldier his brother Jack Aaron a Union doctor East Tennessee Historical Society Lesson Plans: The War Within a War, Vol. II 7 Accelerated Reading Test Written by J. Blackwell Family under Fire By Ronald Kidd (ISBN 0-9648140-0-5) Number of Words: 9580 Reading Level: 5.3 1. This story takes place in *Chattanooga, TN Knoxville, TN Philadelphia, PA Atlanta, GA 2. The first attack on Chattanooga began from *Stringer’s Ridge Missionary Ridge Walden Ridge Lookout Mountain 3. The Baldwin’s hid food *in the attic under the front porch in the outside shed in the back of the kitchen pantry 4.
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