CO NTE NTS: PAGE
1. BANJUL, THE GAMBIA, 1990
(i) Decision A/DEC.9/5/90 of th e Authority of Heads of Stat e and Government relating to the Establishment of the Community Standing Mediation Committee. 5
(tt) Text of a Joint Statement signed on 1st Jul y, 1990 by the Executive Secretary, Dr. Abass Bundu, and the Leader of the National Patriotic Front of Liberia, Mr. Charles Taylor. 5
(iiil Text of a Letter dated 14th July, 1990 Add ressed by President Samu el K. Doe to the Chairman and Members of the Ministe rial Meeting of the ECOWAS Standing Mediation Committee. 6
(ivl Decision A/DEC!1 /B/90 of the Community Stand ing Med iat ion Comm itt ee o n th e Ceasefire and Establishment of an ECOWAS Ceasefire Monitoring Group for Liberia. 6
(vi Decision A/DEC./2 /8/90 of the Community Standing Mediation Committee on th e Constitution of an Interim Government in the Republic of Liberia. 8
(vii Decision NDEC./3/8 /90 of the Community Standing Mediat ion Committee on th e Establishment of a Special Emergency Fu nd For ECOWAS Operat ions in Liberia. 9
(vii) Decision A/DEC.4/B/90 of the Community Standing Mediat ion Committee on t he Establ ishment of an ECOWAS Observer Group for the Presidential and General Elections in Liberia. 9
(viii) Agreement on Cessation of Hostilities and Peaceful Settlement of Conflict in Liberia signed on 24th October, 1990 between the Anmed Forces of Liberia IAFL) and the Independent National Patriotic Front of Liberia (INPFL). 10
Iix] Joint Statemen t signed by all Warring Factions in Banjul on 21st December, 1990. 11 Nov. 199 1 O ff icia l Jo u rn al of th e ECOWAS Vol. 21
PAGE 2.BAM AKO, MALI, NOVEMBER, 1990
(iJ Decision AlDEC.l/lll90 of the Authority of Heads of State and Government relating to th e Approva l of th e Decisions of the Community Standing Mediation Comm ittee tak en duri ng its F irst Session fro m 6th to 7th August , 1990 he ld at Banjul (Republic of the Gamb ia). 12
(iii Decision AlDEC.2/11 /90 of the Authority of Heads of State and Government relating to the Adoption of an ECOWAS Peace Plan for Liberia and the entire West African Sub-Region. 13
(iii) Decision AlDEC.3/ 11/90 of the Authority of.. Heads of State and Government relati ng to the Conclusion of an Agreement on the Status of the ECOWAS Ceasefire Monitoring Group (ECOMOG) between th e Community and th e Interim Govern ment of the Republic of Liberia. 13
Itv) Jo int Declaration on Cessat ion of Hosti lities and Peaceful Settlement of Conflict, signed at Mali, Bamako, 28th November, 1990. 14
(v) Resolution Al RES.l/ll/90 of the Auth ority of Heads of State and Government on the Reaffirmation of the Provisions of the ECOWAS Protocol on Non-Agression adopted on 22nd April, 1978. 15
(vi) Resolution AlR ES.2/11/90 of the Auth ority of Heads of State and Government relating to th e Participation of Member States in the ECOWAS Ceasefire Monitoring Group (ECOMOG) and their contribution to the Special Emergency Fund for ECOWAS Operat ion in Liberia. 15
(viii Resolution AlR ES.3/11/90 of th e Authority of Heads of State and Government relating to the Intensification of Humanitarian Relief work being done in Liberia by the International Commu nity and its Humanitarian Organisations' 16
3.LOME,TOGO, 1991.
(i) Agreement on Cessatio n of Hosti lities and Peaceful Settlement of Conflict, signed, 13th February, 1991. 16
(iii Joint Declarat ion on the Liberian Situa tion, signed 1st March, 1991 . 20
4. YAMOUSS OUKRO, COTE O'IVOI RE, 1991
(i) Outcome of Deliberations of the Meeting held in Yamou ssoukro on 29th and 30th Ju ne, 1991 . 22
(iii Final Communique of the First Meeting of the Committee of Five on Liberia. Yamoussoukro, 29th July, 1991 23
(iii) Final Communique of the Second Meet ing of the Com mittee of Five on the Liberian Crisis Held in Yamoussoukro, 16th - 17th September, 1991. 24
(iv} Final Commu nique of the Third Meet ing of the Comm ittee of Five on the Liberian Crisis Held in Yamoussoukro, 29th - 30th Octo ber. 1991. 26
3 Nov. 1991 Official Journal of the ECOWAS • Vol. 21 .PAGE 5. INTEfllM GOVERNMENT OF NATIONAL UNITY OF LIBERIA (iJ Final Communique of the National Conference of All Liberian Banj~l, Political Parties..., The Gambia 27th August - 1st Sep 30· ternber, 1990. (ii) -Final Communique of the All-Liberia National Conference held at V~rqinia,· Liberia,. 15th March - 18th April, 1991. 33
6. EOOMOG RE'GULAnONS
(iJ Regulations for the ECOWAS Ceasefire Monitoring Group (ECOMOG) in Liberia - ECW/HSG/SMC/1/6/Rev.1 of 13th August, 1990. 33
.. 7. FINAL COMMUNIQUE, BANJUL, THE GAMBIA-BAMAKO, MALI; LOME. TOGO; ABUJA, NIGERIA; DAKAR, SENEGAL; GENEVA.
(i) Establishment of a Standing Mediation CommitteeJExtract from the Final Communique of the Thirteenth Ordinary Session, Banjul, The Gambia, 28th - 30th May, 1990. (Paragraph 24) 41
(ii) Final Communique of the First Session of the Community Standing Mediation Committee, Banjul, The Gambia, 6-7th August, 1990. 41
(iii) Final Communique of the First Extra-Ordinary Session of the Authority of Heads of State and Government, Bamako, Mali, 27-28 November, 1990. 43
(iv) Final Communique of the Third Summit Meeting of the Community Standing Mediation Committee, Lome, Togo, 12-13 February, 1991. 4S
(v) The Liberian Situatio.n; Standing Mediation CommitteEJ,Extract from the Final Communique of the Fourteenth Session of the Authority of Heads of State and Government, Abuja, Nigeria, 6th July, 1991. (Paragraphs 26 - 29) 47
(vi) Final Communique of the Informal Consultative Group Meeting of the ECOWAS. CGmmittee of Five on Liberia, Geneva, 6-7 April, 1992. 48
-(vii) Final Communique of the Ministerial Evaluation Meeting of the ECOWAS Committee of Five, Dakar, Senegal, 11th May, 1992. 50
4 N ov. 1991 Official Journal of th e ECOWAS V Ol. 2 1 1. BANJUL, THE GAMBIA, 1990 I DECISIO N A1DEC. 9/5/90 RELATING TO THE Article 4 ESTABLIS HME NT OF TilE STANDING MEDIATION. COMMITTEE Where there is a dispute. the Chairman of the Autho rity shall convene the o ther members of the Com mittee as THE AUTHO RITY OFHEADSOF STATE AN D early as practicable and inform th e Member States involved GOVER NMENT in the dispute or confl ict of th e preparedness of the Com mittee to initiate mediation procedures. Th e Chairma n shall Mindful of Art icle 5 of the ECOWAS T reaty estab report to th e Autho rity atits next sessio n of the nature of lishing the Authority of Heads of State and Government the dispute or confli ct , the par ties involved, the mediation and defining its composition and functions; effor ts made by the Committee ·and the ou tcome of such mediatio n. Recalling the ideals of solidar ity, unity , mutual trust and good neighbou rliness which guided the fo unding of the Community; Article5
Convinced th at region al secu rity and sta bility, as well Th is decision shall enter into force upo n signat ure as peace and concor d are necessary conditions for effective and shall be pub lished in the Official Jou rnal of the Com sub-regional coo perat ion and integrat ion; mun ity and in the National Gazelle of each Memb er State .
Aware of the disruptive effec t that recurrent situa DONE AT BANjU, T HE 30T H DAY OF MAY. 1990 tion s of con flict and dispute amo ng Member States have on the ultimate ECOWAS goal of a harmon iou s and united West Africa n society; Recalling the ECOWAS Protocol o n Non-Aggression BLA4,,~ H E. adopted in Dakar o n 22 Ap ril. 1978; CAPTA ," CHAIRMAN DEC IDES FOR T HE AUTHOR ITY
Article 1
1. The,e is hereby estab lished a Com mu nity Standing ' iLJOINT STATEM ENT SIGNED ON 1ST JULY 1990 BY Mediation Comm ittee. THE ECOWAS EXE CUTIVE SE CRET ARY. OR . AB ASS BUNOU , ANO THE LEAOER OF THE NATIDNAL 2. The Committee shall comp rise four memb ers PATR IOTI C FRONT OF LIBERIA MR CH ARLE S appoi nted by Aut ho rity of Heads of State and TAYlOR Govern ment and shall include the current Chairman of the Author ity who shall act as Chairman. The Execut ive. Secretary of the Econ omic Com munity of West African States (ECOWAS) met with the 3.Membership of the Comm ittee sha ll be reviewed Leader of the Nat ional Patriotic Front of Liberia. Mr. every three years. Charles Taylor . on 1st j uly. 1990. At th at meeting the Execut ive Secretary delivered the message of ECOWAS ArtiCle 2 Heads of State and Gove rnme nt of their intention to mediate in th e Liberian situation, wit" a view to br inging AMember St ate invo lved in a dispute o r conflict abo ut the restoration of peace and harmo ny to the peop le with one or more Member States shall inform the Execu tive of Liberia. The Leader of the Patr iot ic Fro nt expressed his Secretary in writing of its intentio n to refer the matter to appreciation of the co ncern of th e political leadersh ip of the Sta nding Med iation Committee for settleme nt. the Sub-region and equally ind icate d his interest in resto ring peace in Liberia as speedily as possible. Article 3 In line with this, the Leader of the Patriotic Fro nt 1. The Executive Secretary shall without delay info rm indicated his willingness to send a delegation to the the Chairman of the Au tho rity and the Government ECOWAS Ministeri al Meeting scheduled for Th ursday . 5th of the other Member States of the Standing Media j uly, 1990 at Freetown , Sierra Leo ne. tio n Co mmittee of any kno wledge of act ual. o r impending dispute or conflict betw een two or more Mem ber St ates.
2. The Executive Secretary shall take all necessary measures to faciltate the work of th e Committee in the set tleme nt of th e disp ute o r conflict.
5 Nov. ~991 Official Journal of the ECOWAS iii TEXT OF'A LETTER DATED 14TH JULY 1990 The people of liberia have for the last ten years ADDRESSED BY PRESIDENT SAMUEL K: DOE TO THE struggled to establish a Multi-Party Democratic Sytem. Any CHAIRMAN AND MEMBERS OF THE MINISTERIAL attempt, no doubt, to subvert the process ofdemocracy by MEETING OF THE ECOWAS STANDING MEDIATION displacing the Constitution through force of arms would COMMITTEE. (FROM THEE~ECUTIVE MANSION' lead to an endless succession of armed insurrection, bring OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT, MQNROVIA, LIBERIA) more deaths and destruction, as well as dis~pt the socio polltical and economic tranquility not only of Liberia, but . Distinguished Lady & Gentlemen: also the sub-region of the ECOWASas a whole. It is with profound appreciation that I convey to your Excellencies compliments and goodwill ofthe Govern It is therefore my sincere hope that in order to avert ment and people of liberia and my personal felicitations as the wanton destruction of lives and properties and further you continue to pursue the process of peaceful mediation forestall the reign of terror. I wish to call'on your Honou into the prevailing crisis launched against our Government rable Body to take note of my personal concerns and the and people by the Natinal Patriotic Front of Liberia collective wishes of the people ofLiberia. and to assist in (NPFU on December 24, 1989. under the intransigent finding a constitutional and reasonable resolution of the leadership of Mr. Charles Taylor. crisis in our Country as early as possible. Particularly, it would seem most expedient at thlstime to introduce and A~ you may no doubt be aware since the crisis in our ECOWAS Peace-Keeping Force into Liberia to forestall Country, I have done everything possible to resolve the increasing terror and tension and to assure a peaceful transi prevailing situation .and restore peace to our motherland. tional environment. For example: the Government of Liberia's acceptance of the Inter-Faith Med]ation's request for Peace Talks as While assuring you of my fullest ..cooperation, I convened in Freetown. Sierra Leone; secondly. the Liberian remain. GovernmentDelegation's cooperation to remain in Freetown inspite ·of the NPFL's ·refusal to reconvene following the Faithfully yours decision of the Inter-Faith Mediation Committee to recess; thirdly, our Government's wlllingaess to subscribe to ECOWAS's peaceful intervention .n the Mediation SAMUEL KANYON DOE efforts by the Inter-Faith Mediation Committee became President inconclusive.
I wish to bring to your attention that, our iterative accession to ·peaceful process have only been rewarded by continuing positions of intransigence and bellicoslty on part of Mr. Taylor and the NPFL
On July 10. 1990, .Mr~ Taylor was heard on BBC to have said, among other things, that he does not consider ECOWAS as a mediator of our crisis which, to my amaze ment and shock, contradicts NPFL's previous agreement with the.Secretary-General of ECOWAS when that able organization offered to mediate in the crisis. Mr. Taylor was also heard to have said that by the end of this week the tv DECISION AlDEC.118/90 ON THE CEASEFIRE AND President of Liberia will be removed from office, assuring ESTABLISHMENT OF AN ECOWAS CEASEFIRE the OAU and ECQWAS in response to a question posed by MONITORING GROUP FOR LIBERIA the BBC Correspondent. that he would attend the Organi zation's. Meetings as President of Liberia, THE COMMUNITY STANDING MEDIATION COMMITTEE
These pronouncements by Charles Taylor are not MINDFUL of Article 5 of the ECOWAS Treaty only contrary to the prospect of ceaseflre and ECOWAS's establishing the Authority of Heads of state and Govern mediation efforts, but equally' so, they continue to create ment and deflning Its composition and functions; more turmoil and tension in the people of liberia. Right now in the suburbs of Monrovia thousands have been dis MINDFUL of Decision A/DEC.9/S/90 of 30 May placed by the NPFL Forces, homes have been destroyed, 1990 of the ECOWA~ Authority of Heads of State and hundreds slaughtered. even before their dubious victory is Government on the creation of a Community Standing achieved. I am therefore Concerned that the fighting could Mediation Committee; accelerate in Monrovia and thus inflame the suffering of the people of liberia. Consistent with my oath of office to RECALLING the Protocol relating to Mutual AC\Sis protect and defend the Government and people of Liberia, tance on Defence signed by the Heads of State and Govern: J can not countenance Taylor's continued' mission to .. ment at freetown on 29th May 198'1; destroy liberia and its inhabitants only because of his inordinate greed to become President. _Nov. 1991 Official Journal of the ECOWAS Vol. 21
GRAVELY CONCERNED about the armed conflict fl respect, unless otherwise suspended to facilitate existing in Liberia and the wanton destruction of human the administration of the country by the Interim life and property and the displacement of persons occa Government. the' Constitution of the Republic of sioned by the said conflict; Liberia adopted on.6th January1986;
CONSIDERING the massive damage in various forms g) fully cooperate with the ECOWAS Standing being caused by. the armed conflict to the stability and Mediation Committee," the ECOWAS .Executive survival of the entire Liberian nation; Secretary and the ECOWAs Ceasefire Monitoring Group for the effective maintenance of the ceasefire DEEPLY CONCERNED about the plight of foreign and the restorationof lawand order. nationals, particularly citizensDf the Community who are seriously affected by the conflict: 3. The Interim Government shall unban all political CONSIDERING that law and order in Liberia have partiesand facilitate the "return of allrefugees and political broken down; exilACO DETERMINED to find a peaceful and lasting solution to the conflictand to put an end to the situation which is ARTICLE II: CEASEFIRE MONITORING. GROUP seriously disrupting the normal life of innocent citizens in Liberia; 1. In order to arrive at a peaceful and lasting settlement of the dispute, ECOWAS, shall establlsli,' under- the autho CONVINCED that the ECOWAS Standing Mediation rity of the Chairman of the Authority of Heads of State and Committee established by the Authority of Heads of State Government of ECOWAS" and under the command of an and Government of the Economic Community of West ECOWAS . Member State. a Ceasefire Monitoring Group African States at its Thirteenth Session heldfrom 28 to 30 (ECOMQG) to be composed of military contingents drawn May 1990 in Banjul provides an appropriate mechanism for from the Member States of the ECOWAS Standing Media resolving the situation. tion Committee as well as from Guinea and Sierra Leone.
DECIDES· 2. The Ceasefire Monitoring Group shall be under the command of a Force Commander appointed by the Com ARTICLE 1: CEASEFIRE mittee. He shall be entrusted with powers to conduct mili tary operationsfor the purpose of Monitoring the ceaseflre, 1. The Standing Mediation Committee actingon behalf restoring law and order to create the necessary conditions of the Authority of Heads of State and Government, here for free and fair electionsto be held in Liberia. by calls on all the parties to the conflict to observe an immediate ceasefire as a contribution to the restoration and maintenance of peace and securitythroughout Liberia. 3. The Ceasefire Monitoring Group (ECOMOGl shall be assigned the functlon of assisting the ECOWAS Standing 2. . The partiesto the conflictshall: Mediation Committee in supervising the implementation and in ensuring the .strlct compliance by the parties with a) cease all activities of a military or para-military the provisions of the' ceasefire throughout the territory of nature,as well as all acts of violence; Liberia.
b) surrender all arms and ammunition to the ·4. The Ceasefire Monitoring Group (ECOMOGl shall custody of the ECOWASCeasefire Monitoring Group remain in Liberia" if necessary) until the successful holding,. (ECQMOG);' of general elections and the installation of an elected government. c) refrain from importing or acquiring or assisting or encouraging the importation and acquisition of 5. The Executive Secretary shall establish rules and weapons or war materials; regulations for the Qasefire Monitoring Group (ECOMOG) after consultation with' the Chairman of the Authority. d) •refraln., pending the establishment of an Interim Government for the governance of Liberia until a new 6. The Executive Secretary is hereby authorised to government is set up as a result of democratically appoint a Special Representative and other supporting staff conducted elections, from any activity which might for the operations in Liberia. The Special Representative prejudice the establishment of such Interim Govern shall work in close collaboration with the ForcesComman ment or the holding of general and presidential der and assist in carrying out the ECOWAS operations in elections; Liberia.
e) release all political prisoners and prisoners of war;
7 'Nov. 1991 Official Journal of the ECOWAS Vol. 21
ARTICLE III: FINANCE OF THE OPERATIONS CONDISERING the need to set up. an -Interim Government in Liberia to administer the country and All expenses relating to the operationsof the Cease organise free and fair electionsto usherin a democratically fire Monitoring Group shall be drawn from the Special elected government; Emegency Fund created by Decision A/DEC.3/Rj90 of the ECOWAS Standing Mediatlon Committee. DECIDES
ARTICLE IV: COMMENCEMENT OF OPERATIONS ARTICLE 1
The operations of the ECOWAS Monitoring Group in 1. The ECOWAS Standing Mediation Committee shall Liberia shall commence-forthwith. facilitate the convening of a conference of all political parties and other interest groupsfor the purpose of estab ARTICLE V: APPEAL TO THE INTERNATIONAL lishing a broad-based Interim Government in Liberia. COMMUNITY 2. The Interim Government shall administer the Repub The Committee appeals to all members of the Inter lic of Liberia and take all necessary action for the prepara national Communitynot to assist any of the warring parties tion and organlsatlon of free and fair elections leading to in, any manner prejudicial to the maintenance of the cease the establishment in Liberia of a democratically elected fire and the holding of general and presidential elections. government. ARTICLE VI: FINAL PROVISIONS ARTICLE 2 The ECOWAS Executive Secretary shall be respon The members of the Interim Government shall be sible for the proper implementation and application of this Liberian citizens of high integrity and publicstature drawn Decision which shall enter into force upon signature and from the Liberian political partiesand other interestgroups. shall be published in the Cfficial Journal of the Commu nity and in the National Gazette of each Member State. ARTICLE 3 DONE AT BANJUL THIS 7TH DAY OF AUGUST 1990. None of the leaders of the warring parties to the Liberian conflict shall head the Interim Government. ~AIRABA H. E. DAWDA JAWARA ARTICLE 4 The head of the Interim Government .shall not be eligible to run for the General or P-residential Elections to be held in the Republic of Liberia.
CHAIRMAN ARTICLE 5 ECOWAS STA .DING MEDIATION COMMITIEE The elections referred to in Article 1 paragraph 2 of F 'R THE AUTHORITY this Decision shall be heldin the Republic of Liberia within twelve months.
V~ DECISION AlDEC.218/90 ON THE CONSTITUTION OF ARTICLE 6 AN INTERIM GOVERNMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF LIBERIA This Decision shall enter into force upon signature and shall be published in the Official Journal of the THE COMMUNITY STANDING MEDIATION COMMlnE~ Community and in the National Gazette of each Member State. MINDFUL of Article 5 of the ECOWAS Treaty establishing the Authority of Heads of State and Govern DONE AT BANJUL THIS 7TH DAY OF AUGUST 1990 ment and defining its composition and functions;
MINDFUL of Decision A/DEC.9/S/90 of. 30 May 1990 of the EGOWAS Authority of Heads of State and Government relating to the creationof an ECOWAS stand ingMediation Committee; H. E DAWDA KAIRABA JAWARA MINDFUL of Decision A/DEC.l/8/90 of 7 August CHAIRMAN 1990 on the constitution of an ECOWAS Ceasefire Moni ECOWAS S. ANDING MEDIATION CQMMITIEE toringGroup for Liberia; FORTHEAUTHORITY
8 Nov. 1991 OffIcIal Journal of the ECOWAS VOl. 2.1
VI DECISION AlDEC.3/8/90 ON THE ESTABLISHMENT ARTICLE 4 OF -A SPECIAL EMERGENCY FUND FOR ECOWAS OPERATIONS IN THE REPUBLIC OF LIBERIA The Special Emergency fund shall be managed in accordance with the Financial Regulations and Manual of THE COMMUNITY STANDING MEDIATION·COMMITTEf Accounting Procedures of the Community.
MINDFUL of Article 5 of the ECOWAS Treaty ARTICLE 5 establishing the- Authority of Heads of State and Govern rnent, and defining its composition andfunctions: An urgent appeal is made to other African Govern ments and to donor governments and institutions outside MINDFUL of Decision A/DEC.9/S/90 .of the Africa to assist the .ECOWAS effort at restoring peace and Authority of 30 ·May. 1990 relating to the creation of a security in Liberia by making generous contributions to Community Standing Mediation Committee; the Special Emergency Fund specifically established for that purpose. GRAVELY CONCERNED about the destructive armed conflict going on in Liberia and the profound ARTICLE 6 disruptilt effect that civil war is having on normal life in Liberia: This Decision shall come into force upon signature and shall be published in the Official Journal of the Community and in the National Gazette·of each Member CONVINCED that by establishing and ECOWAS State. Cease;.flre Monitoring ·Group (ECOMOG) in Liberia. the' Community will be able to play an active and positive role DONE AT BANJUL THIS 7TH DAY OF AUGUST, 1990 in the process of achievi nga cessation of hostilities and the re-establishment of law and order through the formation of H.E. DAWDA KAIRABA JA\VARA a democratically elected government; CFlAIRMAN RECOGNISING the non-existence of an Community financial provision for the funding of the operations of an ECOWAS Cease-fire Monitoring Group; •
DECIDES DING MEDIATION COMMITTEE ORTHEAUTHORITY ARnCLE 1
a. There is hereby established a Special Emergency Fundfor the ECOWAS operations in Liberia.
b. The Special Emergency Fund shall be endowed with an initial amount of fifty million United States dollars (US ~SO millionl.
viiDECISION AlDEC.4/8/BO ON THE ESTABLISHMENT OF ARTICLE 2 AN ECOWAS OBSERVER GROUP FOR PRESIDENTIAL AND GENERAL ELECTIONS IN THE REP~BLIC OF The resources of the Speci~ Emergency Fund shall be LIBERIA derived from contributions of Member States of the Community and donor governments and institutions out THE COMMUNITY STAN~ING MEDIATION COMMITTEE side the subregion. MINDFUL of Article 5 of the ECOWAS Treaty establishing the Authority of Heads of State and Govern ARTICLE 3 mentand defining its composition and functions;
Contributions from Member States shall be on a MINDFUL of Decision A/DEC.9/S/90 of the voluntary basis. Each Member State is urged to make a ECOWAS Authority of Heads of State and Government special effort to contribute to the resources of the Special dated 30 May 1990 relating to the creation of a Commu Emergency Fund. nityStanding Mediation Committee;
9 ~ov. 1991 O~flclal Journal of the ECOWAS Vol. 21
MINDFUL also of the civil war in Liberia and the VIII'AGREEMENT ON CESSATION OF HOSTILITIES AND need for the peopleof Liberia to establish a democratically PEACEFUL SETTLEMENT OF CONFLICT elected government as a means of restoring lastng peace and securityamong the citizensof Liberia; BETWEEN
CONSIDERING the need to constitute an ECOWAS THE ARMED FORCES OF LIBERIA REPRESENTED BY Observer 'Group for the Liberian Electi~ns to ensure that LIEUTENANT-GENERAL JOHN HEZEKIAH ,BOWEN, the presidentiaJ and general elections are free and fair; HEAD OF DELEGATION OF THE FIRST PART
DECIDES AND
ARllCLE 1 THE NATIONAL PATRIOTIC FRONT OF LIBERIA REPRESENTE DBY - •••••.••.••.•• - •••••••••• 1. An ECOWAS Observer Group for the Liberian Elections to observe the presidential and general elections OF THE SECOND PART in the Republic of Liberia shall be established at the appropriate time. AND
2. The ECOWAS Observer Group for the Liberian THE INDEPENDENT NATIONAL PATRIOTIC FRONT Elections shall be responsible for monitoring the elections OF LIBERIA REPRESENTED BY DR. PETER LORKULA in the Republic of Liberia to ensure that they are free and NAIGOW, HEAD OF DELEGATION OF THE THIRD fafr. PART.
ARTICLE 2 AWARE of the armed conflict existing between the partiesto the conflict; The expenses of the ECOWAS Observer Group for the Liberian Elections shall be borne out of the Special RECOGNISING the wanton destruction of human' Fundfor the ECOWAS Operationsin Liberia. lifeand propertyandthe displacement of persons occasioned by the said conflict; ARTICLE 3 CONSIDERING the damage in various forms being The. ECOWAS Executive Secretary shall take all caused by the armed conflict to the peace and security of necessary measures to ensure the implementation of the the entire Liberian nation; present decision which shall come into effect upon signa ture and shall be published in the Official Journal of the DETERMINED to arrive at a peaceful and lasting Community. and in the National Gazette of Each Member settlement to the dispute through negotiatioris and to put State. an end to the situation which is seriously disrupting the normal lifeof the peaceful people of Liberia; DONE At BANJUL, THIS 7TH DAY OF AUGUST, 1990. CONVINCED that the ECOWAS Standing Mediation Committee established by the' Authority of Heads of State H. E. DAWDA KAIRABA JAWARA and Government of tf..a Economic Community of West CHAIRMAN African States at its Thirteenth Session held from 28 to 30 May in Banjul provides an appropriate mechanism for conducting such peace negotiations on behalfof E~OWAS;
HEREBY AGREE AS FOLLOWS:
ARTICLE 1: CEASEFI RE
1. Each Party hereby agrees to take immediately and as a contribution to the restoration and maintenance of peace ECOWAS STA ING MEDIATION COMMITTEE and security throughout Liberia, the following measures: FO THEAUTHORITY (a) cease all activities of a military and paramilitary nature, as well as all acts of violence as at 0600 hours on the seventh day from signature of thisAgreement
10 Nov. 1991 Official Journal of the ECOWAS Vol. 21
(b) refrain from importing or acquiring or assisting or ARTICLE II: COMPLIANCE WITH THIS AGREEMENT encouraging the importation and acquisition of weapons or war materials; The parties undertake to observe strictly the terms of this Agreement and to abstain from any action likely to (c) refrain from any activity which might prejudice the impede. the mediation process or the return of Liberia to functioning of the Interim Government or the peace and stability. holding of democratically conducted general and presidential elections for a new government for the ARTICLE III: ENTRY INTO FORCE governance of Liberia; This Agreement ~hall enter into force upon signature (d) confine its troops to positions to be determined by by the duly mandated representatives of the parties hereto. ECOMOG· in consultation with the parties;ECOMOG shall disarm all troops and other armed residents, immediately all the three partiessignthis Agreement; DONE AT BANJUL, REPUBLIC OF GAMBIA. THIS DAY OF 24th DAY OF OCTOBER, 1990 (e) assist ECOMOG in the drawing up of a bufferzone of at least thirty (30) Km wideto separatethe opposing forces, and of standard operating procedures (SOPs) for check point operations; l ~ --:-:-:-:-. ....•• ~-I' ~. -.1 ..... ••• ...... (f) agree that 'ECOMOG may inspect all-ships calting at Forand 0 behalfof the ARMED For and on behalf of any Liberian port and all vehicles and aircraft enter FORCES OF.L1BERIA the NATIONAL ing through the land borders. airfields and other PATRIOTIC FRONT entry points of Liberia to ensure that the provisions OF LIBERIA.' of this Ceasefire Agreement are being respected and observed; 'I!.~AY;ppI (g) release all hostages, political prisoners and prisoners Oir?~~ ·~I; of war; For o: INDEPENDENT NATIONAL (h) respect, unless. otherwise suspended to facilitate the PATRIOTIC FRONT OF administration of the country by the Interim Govern LIBERIA ment the Constitution of the Republic of Liberia adoptedon 6th January 1986; WITNESSED BY
(i) fully cooperate with the ECOWAS Standing Media tion Committee, the ECOWAS Executive Secretary and the ECOWAS Ceasefire Monitorjng Group CHAiRMAN:MiNIS;'E~'MEEli-iG (ECOMOG) for the effective maintenance of the OF'THE ECOWAS ceasefire and for the restoration of law and order STANDING MEDIATION COMMITTEE
2. In order to arrive at a peaceful and lasting settlement of the dispute, the parties hereby accept the ECOWAS ix JOINT STATEMENT OF THE WARRING pARTIES IN Ceaseflre Monitoring Group (ECOMOG) established under LIBERIA the authority of the Chairman of the Authority of Heads of 'tate and Government of ECOWAS and under the BANJUL,21 DECEMBER 1990 command of an ECOWAS Member State. 1\ The warring parties. in keeping with the final communique of the ECOWAS Authority, hereby 3. ECOMOG shall be as presently constituted and may agree to form a future interim government. Towards include military contingents from Member States of this end the warring parties agree to organise an ALL ECOWAS able and willing to contribute. LIBERIA CONFERENCE in Liberia within the next 60 days. 4. ECOMOG shall assist the ECOWAS Standing Medla tion Committee in supervising the implementation and in 2) Also, the warring partiesagree to constitute a Techni ensuring the strict compliance by the 'parties with the cal Committee to work out security arrangements, provisions of this. Ceasefire Agreement. throughout the under the supervision of ECOWAS,. for the hosting of territoryof Liberia the ALL-LIBERIA GONFERENCE.
11 Official Journal of the ECQWAS VOl. 21 Nov. 1991 ~ • __ ._ _ ._ •• :' •• • aer • 2. BAMAKO, MALI, NOVEMBER, 1990 3\ The waITing parties agree to seek asslstance from I DECISION AlDEC.1/11/90 RELATING TO THE EOOWAS and other friendly governments and APPROVAL OF THE DECISIONS OF THE COMMUNITY organisations to help'repatriate and resettleLiberians STANDING MEDIAnON COMMITTEE TAI{Er~ DURING priorto the ALL LIBERIA OONFERENCE. ITS FIRST SESSION FROM li TO 7 AUGUST, , 1990 HELD AT BANJUL (REPUBLIC OF THE GAMBIA' 4) Upon formation of the future lntenm Government said government shall take appropriate measures, THE .AUTHORITY OF HEADS OF STATE AND the .assistance of EOOWAS to begin dis-arming the GOVERNMENT: warring parties.
5) The warring parties agree to continue the ceasefire MINDFUL of Article S of the ECOWAS Treaty as is with all partiesremaining where they wereasof establishing the Authority of Heads of Sqte and Govern the signing of the ceasetfre agreement in Bamako on mentanddefining its composition and functions; November 28, J990, and to continue dlscusslons in Liberia on the modalities of monitoring the Ceaseflre under the supervision of EOOWAS. Alleffortswill be RECALLING Decision A/DEC.9/5/90 of 30 May made to cor,clude the modalities for monitoring the 1990 of the Authority of Heads of State and Government Ceasefire within 30 days. relating to the creation of the Community Stemding Mediation Committee; 6) The warring parties agree that immediately upon signing this qatenient all seaports and airportswill be considered military free zune Jowards thisend, the CONSIDERING the recommendation of the Com waITing party controll.ing the seaport/alrport to be munity Standing Mediation Committee made at its second utilised will work out the appropriate .security session held at Bamako on 26 and .27 Noveinber, 1990 measures whenever use of the ~portlairport is relating to the adoption of its decisions taken during its desired..For each arrival/departureJ two Inspee.tors of first session held at Baniul on 6 and 7 August. 1990. ECOMOG will work along with the warring party controiling the seaportlairport each time it is used DECIDES
ARTICLE 1
The following decisions made by the Community Standing Mediation Committee during its first sesslon held at Baniul from 6.to 7 August, 1990 are herebyaenroved:
- Decision A/DEC 1/St/90 of 7 August 1990 on the Ceasefire and Establishment of an ECOWAS Ceasefire Monitoring Groupin Liberia;
- Decision A/DEC.2/8/90 of 7 August, 1990 on the Constitution of an Interim Government in the Republic of Liberia;
- Decision A/DEC 3/14/90 of 7 August, 1990 on the Establishment of a ~pecial Emergency.Fund for ECOWAS Operations in the Republic of Liberia;
- Decision A/DECA/S/90 of 7 August, 1990 on the Establishment of an ECOWAS Observer Group for Presi dential and General Elections in the Republic of LIberia ARTICLE 2 fOR AFL This decision shall enter into force upon signature and shall be published in the Official Journal of the Community and in the National Gazette of each Member 5tate.
12
.... Nov . 19 91 Offic i al J ournal of th e ECOWAS Vol 21
DONE AT BAMAKO T HIS 28TH DAY O F AlJG UST. (d) . the hold ing of free and fair elections within six (6\ 1990. 19 nine (9\ months \0 establish a democratically-elected government in Liberia;
~~n./I~ (e) the observa tio n of the elections by ECOWAS;
<) • (I) the setting up of a Special Emergency Fund for HE. ALHA) I ~I • DAWDA KAIRABA IAWARA ECOWAS Operations in Liber ia. The initia l capita l of the CHAIRMAN Fund i< put at USS50 million to be. generated throu gh volunta ry c~trib ut i o ns fro m ECOWAS Member States and FOR T HEAUT HORIT Y third parties-donor governments and agencies,
(g) the appointment by th e Executive Secretar y of a II.DECISIO N AlDEC.2/11/91l RELATING TO THE Special Representative and other supporting staff for the ADOPT ION OF AN ECOWAS PEACE PLA NFOR ECOWAS operations in Liberia T he Special Representative LIBERIA AND THE ENTIRE WEST AFRICAN SUB· shall work in close collaboration with th e Forces Comman REGION der and assist in carrying o ut the ECOWAS operatio n, in Liberia. TH E AUTHORITY OF HEADS OF STATE AND GOVERNMENT ARTICLE 2
MINDFUL o f Article 5 of the ECOWAS Treaty The ECOWAS Executive Sec retar y shall .take all establishing th e Authority of Heads of State and Govern necessary measures to ensure the implementation of this ment and defining it" composition and functions; decision which shall come into effect upon signat ure and shall be published in the Official Journal of the Community RECALLI NG Decision A/DEC.9/5/90 of 30 May, and f n th e National Gazette of each Membe r State. 1990 of the Authority of Heads of Sta te and Government relatin g to th e creat ion of the Community Standing DONE AT BAMAKO , TH IS 28TH DAY O F NOVEMBER, Mediation Committee; 1990 .
CONSIDERING the recommenda tion of the Com munity Sta nding Mediation Committee made at its second • session held at Bamako o n 26 and 7,7 Novem ber, 1990 • • H E_ALHAJI ~ I R DAWDA KAIR ABA IAWARA relatin g to th e ado pt ion of an ECOWAS Peace Plan for -- CHAIRMAN Liberia and the entire West Afr ican sub-regio n; FRTHE AUTHORITY DECIDES
ARTICLE 1 II l.o.DECISION AlD EC 3/11/90 RELATI NG TO TH E CO NC LUS ION OF AN AGREE MENT ON THESTATUS In order to ensure the restoratio n of peace and OF THE ECOWAS CEASEFI RE MONI TORING GRO UP security to Liber ia and the entire sub-regio n. the fo llowing (ECO MOG) BETWEEN THE COMM UNITY AND THE ECOWAS Peace Plan fo r Liberia is hereb y ado pted: INTE RIM GOV ER NM ENT OF THE REPUB LI C OF LIB ERIA (al ob servation of an imm ediate ceasefire by the warring parties; THE AUTHORITY OF HEADS OF STATE AN D (b) the setting up of an ECOWAS Ceasefire Monito ring GO VER NMENT Group (ECOMOG) to keep the peace, restore law and order and ensure respect for th e ceasefire; all Member Sta tes able MINDFUL of Article 5 of the ECOWAS T reaty and willing to do so art invited to co ntribute forces to the establishing th e Authoirty of Heads of State and Govern ECOWAS Ceasefire Monitoring Group in order to enlarge ment and defining its composition and fu nctio nv; its peace-keeping capacity; RECALLING Decision A/DEC 9/5/90 of 30 May. 'e) the sett ing up of a broad-based Interim Government 1990 o f the AutHority of Head s of State and Governmen t by a Natio-ral Con ference of Liberian po litical parties. on the establishmen t of the Com munity Standin g Media warring parties and other,interest groups; t ion Committee;
13 Nov. 19~1 Official Journal of the ECOWAS Vol. 21
AWARE of Decision A/DEC.1/8190 of 7 August. IV,JOINT DECLARATION ON CESSATION OF HOSTI· 1990 of the Community Standing Mediation Committee . unss AND PEACEFUL SEmMENT OF CONFLICT 011 the ceaseflre and the institution of an ECOWAS Cease fire MonitOring Group IECOMOG) in Liberia; BY
AWARE also of Decision A/DEC.2/8/90 of 7 August, THE ARMED FORCES OF LIBERIA REPRESENTED BY 1990 of the Community Standing Mediation Committee relating to the formation of an Interim Government.in the Republic of Liberia; Col. Wilmot F.R. Diggs AFL defin~ CONSIDERING the need for ECOWAS to ill OFTHE FIRST PART agreement with the Interim Government set up in Liberia, the status of the ECOWAS Ceaseflre Monitoring Group AND (ECOMOGl in order to allow ECOMOG to carry out its operations throughout Liberian territory under the THE NATIONAL PARTIOTIC FRONT OF LIBERIA .conditions stipulated in Decision A/DEC.1/B/90 of 7 August.1990 quoted above; represented by: Charles ~hankay Taylor DECIDES of the second part
ARTicLE 1 AND
The ECOWAS Executive Secretary shall take all . THE INDEPENDENT NATIONAL PATRIOTIC. FRONT necessary steps to conclude an Agreement on the'statusof OF LIBERIA represented by: Hon'Noah A. BordoloSR of the third part the ECOWAS Ceasefire Monitoring Group fECOMOG.) between the Community and the Interim Government of Republic of Liberia . . 1 The Parties to the civil war in Liberia hereby agree to . a ceasefire effective immediately and further agree that the ARTICLE 2 ceasefire be monitored by the ECOWAS Ceasefire Monito ring Group (ECOMOG\. The m.odalities for the imple mentation of the ceasefire will be workedout later. The status of ECOMOG in Liberia shall be defined in accordance with the provisions of Decision A/DEC·1/1/90 2 The Parties further agree to resolve their differences of the Community Standing Mediation Committee dated 7 August 1990. with regard to an interim government for Liberia as envisaged in the ECOWAS Peace Plan. ARTIClE'3 3 This Declaration shall come into effect upon slgna- The ECOWAS Executive Secretary shall be respon ture by the duly mandated representatives of the Parties sible for the implementation of this decision which shall hereto. enter into force upon signature and shall be published in the Official Journal of the Community and in the National DONE AT BAMAKO, REPUBLIC OF MALI, THIS 28TH Gazetteof each Member State. DAY OF NOVEMBER 1990
DONE AT BAMAKO THIS 28TH DAy OF NOVEMBER 1990
For and on behalfof the ARMED FORCES OF LIBERIA
H E. ALHAJ ISIR AWpAr" KAIRABA JAWARA 14 Nov. 1991 Official Journal of the ECOWAS . Vol. 21 . .' , CONSIDERING the need to draw the attention of Member States, as the armed conflict continues in Liberia to their pledge to refrain from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or' independence of any Member States and to refrain from employing any other means inconsistent with the objectivesof the Community. ~ . 1. Re-affirms the ECOWAS Protocol on Non-Aggression wv"'" For and on behalf of the , adopted on 22 April: 1978; ~, e:.v.NDEPENDENT NATIONAL PATRIOTIC FRONT.QF LIBERIA 2. Calls on all Member States as a matter of urgency, to give special attention in .their relations with other WITNESSED BY Member States to the provisions of the Protocol on Non Aggression in which they havepledged, inter alia, to refrain from committing, encouraging or condoning acts of subver sio'} hostility or aggression against the territorial in~grity or political independence of the other Member States. DONE AT BAMAKO, THIS 28TH DAYOF NOVEMBER 1990. . H~ e: ALHAji sit{ DAWDA "KAIRABA j'AWA'~A:' . H. E. ALHAJI 51 DAWDA KAIRABA JAWARA CHAIRMAN OF THE AUTHORITY OF HEADS CHAIRMAN OF STATE AND GOVERNMENT OF THE ECONOMIC 'COMMUNITY OF WEST AFRICAN STATES ~.RESOLUTION AlRES.2111/90 RELATING TO THE PARTICIPATION OF MEMBER STATES IN THE ECOWAS CEASEFIRE MONITORING GROUP (ECOMOG) AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO THE SPECIAL EMERGENCY FUND FOR ECOWAS OPERATIONS IN LIBERIA. RESOLUTION AIRES 1/11/90 ON THE REAFFIRMA THE AUTHORITY OF HEADS OF STATE AND nON 'OF THE PROVISIONS OF THE ECOWAS GOVERNMENT PROTOCOL ON NON-AGGRESSION ADOPTED ON 22 APRIL 1978 MINDFUL of Article 5 of the ECQWAS Treaty establishing the Authority of Heads of State and Govern THE AUTHORITY OF HEADS OF STATE AND ment and defining its compositionand functions; GOVERNMENT RECALLING the provisions of the ECOWAS Proto MINDFUL of Article 5 of the ECOWAS Treaty colon Non-Aggression adopted on 22 April 1978; e~tablishing the Authority of Heads of State and Govern mentand definingits compositionand functions; RECALLING Decision A/DEC915/90 of 30 May. 1990 of the Authority of Heads of State and Government RECALLING the provisions of the ECOWAS Proto relating to the creation of the Community Standing colon Non-Aggression adopted on 22 April 1978; Mediation Committee; RECALLING further Decision A/DEC.9/5/90 of 30 AWARE of Decision A/DEC.1/8/90 of 7 August May, 1990 of the Authority of Headsof State and Govern 1~90 of the Communltv Standing Mediation Committeeon .ment .relating to the establishment .of the Communitp the ceasefire and the institution of an ECOWAS Ceasefire Standing Mediation Committee; , Monitoring Group (ECOMOGl in Liberia; 15 Nov. 1991 Official JOurn~l.of the ECOWAS Vol. 21 AWARE also of Decision A/DEC.3/8/90of 7 August CONSIDERING the recommendation of the 1990 of the Community Standing Mediation Committee Community. Standing Mediation Committee at its second r~I~Ung to the creation of a Speclal Emergency Fund for session held at Bamako on 26 and'27 November 1990 ~'COWAS Operationsin the Republic of Liberia; . , relating to the intensification of humanitarian relief work in Liberia; CONSIDERING that under the provlslons of Article 2 of Decision A'~EC3/8f90.of 7 ~ugust, 1990 cited above, the .resources of the 'S~eclal Emergenty Fund shall be URGENTLY INVITES the international community and its international humanitarian organisations: constituted through contributions by Member States.aswell as by donor governments and. institutions outside the sub- region: . 1. To intensify the>humanitarian reliefwork beingdone in Liberia, with emphasis on the provision of food medical supplies clothingand other goods. ' 1. Urgently invites all Member States willing and able to do so, to contribute forces to the ECOWAS ~ Ceasefire 2. To contribute generously to the efforts of the Interim Monitoring Group (ECOMOGl in Liberia in order to enlarge Government'p, the rehabilitation and reconstruction of the its peace-keeping capacity; damaged economyof Liberia. . 1 2. Requests all Member States to do everything possible DONE AT BAMAKO THIS 28TH DAY OF NOVEMBER to contribute generously' to the Special Emergency Fund 1990. ' for ECOWAS Operationsin Liberia. ~. Makes an.urgent appeal to all other African countries as well as the international communityoutside the African continent to contribute generously to the Special & Emergency Fund. u .~ ~ DONE AT BAMAKO, THIS 28TH DAY OF NOVEMBER H. E. ALHAJI IR DAWDA KAIRABA JAWARA 1990 ' CHAIRMAN . FORTHE AUTHORITY 3. LOME, TOGO, 1991 H. E. ALHAJ I SIR DAWDA KAIRABA JAWr\RA I AGREEMENT QN CESSSATION OF HOSTILITIES AND HAIRMAN . PEACEFUL SETTLEMENT OF CONFLiCt BETWEEN RESOLUTION AlRES.3111/90 RELATlnlG TO THE THE ARMED FORCES OF LIBERIA represented by INTENSIFICATION. OF' HUMANITARIAN RELIEF WORK BEING DONE IN LIBERIA BY THE INTER· L-General J Hezekiah BOWE" NATIONAL COMMUNITY AND ITS HUMANITARIAN ORGANISAnDNS THE AUTHORITY OF HEADS OF STATE AND of the first part GOVERNMENT AND MINDFUL of Article 5 of the ECOWAS Treaty ec;tablishirig the Authority of Heads of State and Govern THE NATIONAl PATRIOTIC FRONT OF LIBERIA ment and definingits compositionand functions; Mr. Charles GhankayTAYLOR CONSIDERING the need to ensure an adequate supply of food, medicines and goodsof all types to Liberia of the second part as assistance to the Interim Government in its efforts at reconstructing and rehabilitating the damaged Liberian AND economy; 16 Nov: 1991 Of~clal Journal of the ECOWAS Vol. 21 THE INDEPENDENT NATIONAL PATRIOTIC FRONT (d) assist ECOMOG in the drawing up of a buffer OF LIBERIA represented by zone to. separate the opposing forces and of standard operatingprocedures (SOPs) for check Mr. Prince Yedua JOHNSON \ point operations; of the third part .Ie) release all hostages. political prisoners and prisoners of war; AWARE of the armed conflict between the partiesto the conflict; (t.),. co-operate with all' humanitarian agencies in their efforts to provide relief and.assistance to RECOGNISING the loss of human lives and massive the people of Liberia; and also agree to respect destruction of properties and the displacement of persons the Red Crose; (Geneva) Conventions; occassioned by the said conflict; (g) fully cooperate with the ECOWAS Standing CONSIDERING the damage in various forms being Mediation Committee, the ECOWAS Executive caused 'by the armed conflict to the peaceand security of Secretariat and the ECOWAS Ceasefire Monito the entire Liberian nation; ring Group (ECOMOG) for the effective main tenance of the ceasefire and the restoration of DETERMINED to arrive at a peaceful and lasting peace; settlement to the dispute through negotiations and to put an end to the situation which is seriously disrupting the (h) upon that formation of the future Interim normal lifeof the peaceful people of Liberia; and Government, the said government shall take appropriate measures, with the assistance of CONVINCED that the ECOWAS Standing Mediation ECOWAS, to being disarming the warring Committee established by the Authority of Heads of State parties and Government of the Economic Community of West African States at its Thirteenth Session heldfrom 28 to 30 2. In order to arrive at a peaceful and lasting settlement May 1990 in Banjul, The Gambia and the decisions of the of the dispute, the parties hereby accept the First Extraordinary Session of the Authority held in ECOWAS Ceasefire Monitoring Group (ECOMOG) Bamako Mali from the 27th to 28th November 1990, established under the authority of the Chairman of provide an appropriate mechanism for conducting such 'the Authority of Heads of State and Government of peace negotiations. ECOWAS and under the command of an ECOWAS Member State. HEREBY AGREE AS FOLLOWS: 3. ECOMOG shall be as presently constituted and may ARTICLE 1: CEASEFIRE include military contingents from Member States of ECOWAS able and willing to contribute. 1. Each party hereby agrees to take immediately and as a 'contribution to the restoration and maintenance of peace and security throughout Liberia the following ARTICLE II: COMPLIANCE WITH THIS AGREEMENT measures: The parties undertake to observe strictly the termsof (a) cease all hostilities of military and paramilitary this Agreement and to abstain from any action likely to nature, immediately upon the signature of this impede the mediation process or the return of Liberia to Agreement; peace and stability. (bl refrain from importing or acquiring or assisting ARTICLE III: ANNEX - MODALITIES FO~ MONITO or encouraging the importation and acquisition RING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE of weapons or war materials; CEASEFIRE AGREEMENT BY ECOMOG •. Ic) confine its troops to positions to be determined by the ECOWAS Ceasefire Monitoring Group (ECOMOG) in consultation with the parties, The Annex to this Agreement shall form an integral and agree that ECOMOG and two respresen part of this Agreement. tives of each of the parties may jointly inspect all ships' calling at any Liberian port and all ARTICLE IV: ENTRY INTO FORCE vehicles and aircraft entering through the land borders, airfields' and other entry points of This agreement is done in four original copies in the Liberia to ensure that the provisions of this English and French languages, each copy being equally Ceasefire Agreement are being respected and authentic, It shall enter into force upon signature by the observed; duIy mandated representatives of the partieshereto. 17 Nov. 1991 Official Journal of the ECOWAS Vol. 21 2. Reporting Ceasefire Violation. The violcit~on of any DONE IN LOME TOGOLESE REPUBLIC, THIS aspects of the Ceaseflre Agreement constitute a veryserious THIRTEENTH DAYOF FEBRUARY 1991 breach and must be reported promptly to ECOMOG with the following details: a. Timeof violation ) b. Parties involved ~:::..tltiPiDGa ~ ,,'. 4?_.:" ~ c. Locations of partiesinvolved . . .. . d. Detailed description of type of violation For and on behlafof the For and on behalf of the e. If weapon fired, state number of and type of ARMED F RCES OF NATIONAL PATRIOTIC ammunition fired. LIBERIA FRONT OF LIBERIA f. Type of weapon- used-and effect. g. Casualty and damage caused. 3. A long· book should be kept to record detailsof all f~· ~ in~idences of ceasefire violation, and such reports will be • 'Ii' ••• ~. -. •• • 9 •••• investigated promptly by ECOMOG and resolved. For and on be ialfof the . IN EPENDENT NATIONAL 4. Method and Channel of Communication., The Cease PATRIOTIC FRONT OF fire Agreement and its monltorlng modality will enable LIBERIA ECOMOG troops to operate detachments in the areas held by the various warring parties. In this case communication shall be by: a. Contact through liaison personnel. WITNESSED BY b. Radio throughagreed working channel. HIS EXCELLENCY 5. Disarmament Exercise•.In order to eliminate totally ALHAJI SI ;" DAWDA KAIRABA JAWARA incidents of violations of the Ceasefire Agreement and to PRESIDENT OF rrHE REPUBLIC OF THEGAMBIA avoid indiscriminate spread ofarms which can be used in AND CHAIRMAN OF THESTANDING MEDIATION" crimes, all troops belonging to the parties in the Uberian COMMITTEE conflict must be disarmed. While it isdesirable to disarm all parties immediately, the exercise will be carried out in a flexible manner according to the security situation as determined by ECOMOG. However the followingprocedure is envisaged: ANNEX a. Concentration of Troops. Designated areasthat MODALITIES FOR MONITORING THE IMPLEMENTA are easilyaccessible and withinoperatingdistances of TION OF THE CEASEFIRE· AGREEMENT BY THE troops shall be earmarked in the AO of the 3 parties ECOMOG in the Liberian conflict to assemble their troops. Adequate information shall be mounted to educate 1. "Prerequisite for Effective Ceasefire Monitoring. The troops about the locations of these assembly areas success of the lmblementatlon of ~he ceasefire and its and time of exercise. Visible sign posting to the monitoring will hinge on the cooperation of every party assembly areas shall be provided. Assembly periods with ECOMOG. It is therefore essential that every soldier shall be restricted to the hours of daylight only, The from all the parties involved in the Liberian crisis is following locations are envisaged for the concentra thoroughly briefed and educated on the following points: tion of troops: a. Allaspects of the Ceasefire Agreement (1) AFL BTC - MONROVIA b. Modalities to be agreed upon for monitoring" Camp Scheifflin the ceasefire by EGOMOG. (2) INPFL Caldwell Base - MONROVIA c. The expected reaction to violation of any aspect (3) NPFL Fire Stone (Bong way) Bong. of the Ceasefire Agreement by other parties. Naama - Bong County d. Thorough knowledge of ECOMOG soldiers by Salala (BQng COunty) Ganta the soldiers of the warring parties. Nimba Gbarnga - Maj Mil Bong IjentaTeedi Zwedru (4 Bn)GrandGedeh To~;-MesurcUio 18 th~ Vol. 21 Nov. 1991 Official Journal of ECOWAS 1. Maintenance of the Ceasefi,re. The Ceasefire shall be b. Disannament Prognmme. A time table for the supervised. and maintained by ECOMOG forces through the disarmament programme is attached as Annex A. following actions: Timetable covers reasonable and realistic periods that will allow the assembly of troops and their total a. Immediate takeover of the Roberts lnterna disarmament. tional Airport and the Buchanan port, and , progresssively to other ports and airfields.. c. Policy on Turning in of Weapons. All weapons and ammunitions of all.categories shall be brought to b. Establishment of road blocks and check points the assembly areas and handed over to ECOMOG at selected strategic locations and border towns, personnel by individual trooops. Adequate storage facility shall be provided to protect weapons before c. Extensive patrolling of the countryside to evacuation. ensure free flow of traffic. d. l;1egistra.1ionlClassification of Troops and' d. Provision of security escorts and transport by Weapons. ECOMOG reception centres shall be created ECOMOG to move displaced persons into their near each assembly point to carry out documentation places of abode. exercise. Reception centres should be equipped to provide some form of entertalnmentto troops and e. Provision of security escorts by ECOMOG to with adequate staff to carry out: humanitarian organisations in the distribution of relief materials. (1) Registration oftroops and surrendered weapons (2) Classlflcatlon of troops l.e. wounded, sick etc. f. Occasional air reconnaissance. (3) Transportation of troops to reception centres and weapons to holding centres. 8. The provisions of Paragraph 7 above will be imple mented as soon as the Interim Government is formed at the National Conference to be held on 1~th March 1991. 6. Reception Centres. Reception centres shall be established at convenient places to receive troops. These centres will constitute the first stage of trying to rehabili 9. P.ending the setting up of the Interim Government, tate the soldiers and would be largely approached in the ECOMOG will be responsible for maintaining and monito following manner: r'ing the ceasefire in liaison with the Technical Committee. This monitoring will cover the whole.territory including sea a. Initlal.sortlng out exercise to determine those' ports, airports and all entry points into the country. to go back to school and those requiring voca tional training. b. Humanitarian organisations to provide relief materials, medical services and food. 10. The Technical Committee is composed of the c. Provision of adequate transportation to move ECOMOG Field Commander or his representative and a personnel to their various places of. residence . representative of each of the three (3) warring parties. 19 ANNEX A SRL DATE EVENT VENUE REMARKS FROM TO (at (b) (c) (d)' (e) (f) .. MEETING OF"wARRING PARTIES EXECUTIVE PAVILLION TO WORK OUTTHE TO.WORK OUT MODALITIES FOR MODALITIESFOR CEASEFIRE CEASEFIRE AND AGREE ON PROGRAMME IMPLEMENTATION 2. CONFINEMENT OFTROOPS UNITS CONCENTRATION UNITSAND FORMATION AREAS HEADQUARTERS TO ENFORCE CONFINE- MENT 3. TAKE OVEROF SECURITY AT rFACILITATE REPATRIA· ROBERTS FIELD AIRPORT, 'TION QF LIBERIANS AND BUCHANAM PORT & OPENING VARIOUS LOCATIONS HUMANITARIAN, LIBERIAN BORDERS WITH ECONOMIC AND IMPROVE SIERRA LEONE, GUiNEA AND THE RETU RNTO COTE D'IVOIRE NORMALCY 4. MOVE"TO RECEPTION CENTRES IN BATCHES FORDISARMAMENT, - \~ REGISTRATION AND ENCAMPMENT, '------.:::- RECOGNITION OF ECOMOG SOLDIERS BYTHE SOLDIERS OF WARRING PARTIES. THOROUGH EDUCATION OF TROOPS ON THE CEASEFIRE NEED AND DETAI LS. PROVISION OF RELIEF MATERIALS ~. ~\ A .> ~ (e) (f) (a), (b) (c) (d) TROOPS TO BECLASSIFIED s. DOCUMENTATION OF TROOPS TO PLAN RECREATION AND ENTER- INTO'FIT, UNFIT, TRAINMENT AND BALANCED RESPECTIVE CONCENTRA- WOUNDED, SICK ETC. WHILEWEAPONS WILL FEEDING ASWELLAS TION AREAS DETAILED DOCUMENTATION OF BECLASSIFIED BY CALIBRES, ARMS FQRSAFE KEEPING. TO ALLOW FOR FREEDOM 6. VIGOROUS PATROLS BY ECOMOG TROOPS THROUGHOUT LIBERIA OF MOVEMENT OF GOODS INCLUDING ESTABLISHMENT OF ALL COUNTRIES SERVICES AND DETER ARMED ROBBERY.. CHECK POINTS F>.. A-2 Nov. 1991 Official Journal of the ECOWAS Vol. 21 ,- . 4. VAMOUSSOKRO. COTE D'IVOIRE, 1991 JOINT DECLARATIO,N ON THE LIBERIAN SITUATION OUTCOME OF DELIBERATIONS OF THE MEETING At the invitation ofHis Excellency General Gnassingbe HELD IN YAMOUSSOKRO ON 29 AND 30 JUNE 1991. Eyadema, Founder-Chairman of the Togolese People's The following Heads ofState met in Yamoussokro on . Rally and President of the Togolese Republic, Dr. Amos Sawyer, Mr. Charles GhankayTaylor and Mr. Prince Yeduo Sunday 30 June 1991, under the Chairmanship of His Johnson, met in Lome from 27 February to 1 March 1991. Excellency, President Felix Houphouet-Boigny: This meeting provided a unique opportunity for the Ibrahim BABANGIDA, President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, and current Chairman of the thre~ leaders ~ reconcile with one another'and to engage in a friendly dialogue amongst themselves with a view to Organisation of African Unity; advancing the search fora peaceful and lasting settlement of the Liberian crisis with particular regard' to the arrange Dawda JAWARA, President of the Republic of The metns for the convening of a National Conference in Gambia and current Chairman of ECOWAS; Monroviaon lS March, 1991. Gnassingbe EYADEMA, President of the Togolese Republic; To this end, they agreed to cooperate fully with ECOW~S. a.nd to refrain from taking any action that might Blaise, COMPAORE, President of Burkina Faso; be prejudicial to the arrangements being made to ensure the successfuI convening of this conference in Monrovia on 15 March, 1991 and thereafter. " Dr. Amos SAWYER, President of the Interim Government of Liberia; . The· three leaders expressed their sincere gratitude to HIS Excellency Geoeral Gnassingbe Eyadema Founder Mr. Charles TAYLOR, Head of the National Patriotic Chairman of the Togolese People's Rally and President of Front of Liberia. the Togolese Republic for making it possible for them to meet in Lome in an,atmosphere of brotherhood and friend ship. They were all the more appreciative of this initiative During this meeting, the Heads of State requested President Felix Houphouet-Boigny, in' his capacity as in that it laid a solid foundation for reconciliation between Liberian leaders. Doyen, to launch an urgent appeal to Dr. Amos Sawyer and Mlf. CharlesTaylor to accept a cease-fire, as a preliminary to DONE IN LOME THIS 1ST DAY OF MARCH 1991. national reconciliation, and the restoration of peace to Liberia. The Heads of State.also sollicited the assistance of the INN (International Negotiation Network) of Jimmy CARTER, former President of the United States in moni toring the electoral process in Liberia. •• •. ·t-V~ ••• " ••••••• ~ •••••••• , •••••••••••• Dr. Amos SAWYER The INN shall work in collaboration with a five member committee set up for the purpose, and comprising The Gambia, Togo, Senegal, Guinea-Bissau and Cote d'ivoire, to closely monitor the non-violation of the cease fire. It was agreed that the two parties would undertake to maintain security,in each of the zones under their control, ' : ' " . until the conclusion ofelections. Mr. Charles Ghankay TAYLOR These different proposals were accepted by the two Liberian brothers, who pledged their reconciliation, in the presence of the five Heads of State, by a long and warm embrace . The Heads of State and the two Liberian protagonists expressed their satisfaction at the outcome of the meeting, . f.J{L,f- and extended their most sincere. thanks to His Excellency. .•••• ·0 •• '•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.•• Mr. Felix Houphouet-Boigny and the Ivorian people, for Mr. Prince Yeduo JOHNSON the warm and fraternal welcome accorded them during their stay in Cote d'ivoire. 22 Nov. 1991 Official Journal ofthe ,ECOWAS Vol. 21 DONE AT YAMOUSSo.KRO, THIS 30TH DAYOF JUNE Honourable Boutokotipo YAGNINIM, Attorney 1991. General and Minister of Justice, representing the Presidentof the TOGOLESE Republic. H. E. Mr. Feli?, HOUPHOUET-BOIGNY P.resident of the Republicof 3. At the invitation of the Committee, the Session was Cote d'ivoire alsoattended by: H. E. Sir DawdaJAWARA Presidentof the Republic His Excellency Dr. Amos SAWYER,President of the of The Gambia, Interim Governmentof Liberia. Current Chairman of ECOWAS H. E. Gen. Gnassingbe EYADEMA Mr. CharlesTAYLO~rHead of the National Patriotic Presidentof the Republicof Frontof Liberia (NPF ). Togo H. E. Gen. Ibrahim BABANGIDA The Representative ot International Negotiations Presidentof the Federal Network (INN). Republicof Nigeria, Chairman oftheOAU 4. The Committee reviewed developments on the H. E. Capt. Blaise CQMPAORE Liberian crisis since the consultative meeting ofHeads of Presidentof Burkina Faso State and Government held on 29 and30 June" 1991 in Yamoussokro. In this-regard, and more particularly on the H. E. Dr. Amos SAWYER question of peace in Liberia, the Committee welcomed the Presidentof the Interim results of the 'deliberations on Liberia of the Fourteenth Government of Liberia Ordinary Summit of the ECOWAS Authority of Heads of State and Government held in Abuja from 4 to 6 July H. E. Mr. CharlesTAYLOR 1991. Headofthe Natinal Patriotic Front of Liberia 5. The Committee agreed an the need to reinforceand consolidate the ceasefire in Liberia and congratulated both the 'Interim Government and the National Patriotic Front of Liberia for maintaining the ceasefire in conformity with II. FINAL COMMUNIQUE OF THE FIRST MEETING OF their commitments during the last meetinginYamoussoukro THE COMMITTEE OF FIVE ON LlBERIA1 YAMOUS in June 1991. SOUKRQ,29JULY, 1991 The Committtee of Five on Liberia held its First Session in Yamoussoukro, Republic of Cote d'lvoire on 29 6. The Committee further recognised the vital impor July, 1991 under the Chairman of His Excellency Felix tance that the necessary conditions of security on the HOUPHOUET-BOIGNY, President of the Republicof Cote ground be created so as to reinforce the confidence of the d'ivoire. parties and create the necessary atmosphere conducive to the holding of free, fair and democratic elections. To this 2. Present at the Session in their capacity as Members of end, the committee decided to hold appropriate consulta the Committee, were the following Heads of State and tions with a view to restoring lasting peace to Liberia in Government or their duly accredited representatives: justice and dignity. The Committee thanked President Carter for responding to their invitation and for making HisExcellency Felix HOUPHOUET-BOIGNY his International Negotiations Network available to assist President of the Republic of COTE D'IVOIRE. in the organisation of the electoral processin Liberia. The Committee -agreed to meet again in Yamoussoukro one His Excellency Alhaji Sir Dawda Kairaba JAWARA month from now. Presidentof the Republicof THE GAMBIA. DONE IN YAMOUSSOUKRO THIS 29TH DAYOF JULY His Excellency General [oao Bernardo VIEIRA 1991. President of the Council of State of the Republic of GUINEA-BISSAU. .His Excellency Abdou DIOUF President of the Republicof SENEGAL. ·23 Nov. 1992 Official Journal of the ECOWAS vol. 21 ... FINAL COMMUNIQUE OF THE SECOND MEETING OF OUTCOME OF DELIBERATIONS FIVE ON THE LlPERIAN CRISIS HELD IN CONSULTATIONS VAMOUSSOUKRO, 16-17 SEPTEMBER. 1991 4. The Committee reviewed developments relating to the Liberian crisis since its last meeting in Yamoussoukro on July 29, 1991. The Committee noted that since that meeting, consultations were undertaken between Member The ECOWAS Committee of Five on Liberia held its States of ECOWAS and with some friendly states outside second meeting in Yamoussoukro, COTE D'IVOIRE,'from the sub-region on a number of matters aimed at restoring 16 to 17 September, !991 under the Chairmanship of His lasting peace and security to Liberia in justice and dignity. Excellency Felix HOUPHOUET-BOIGNY, President of the Republic of COTE D'IVOIRE. The Committee invited ECOMOG certain Member States of c.COWAS to participate in its deliberations. 5. The Meeting recognised the vital importance that the necessary conditions of peace and security on the ground 2. Present at the Meeting were the following Heads of should be created in order to reinforce the confidence of State and Government or their duly accredited representa the parties concerned as well as create the necessary tives: atmosphere conducive to the holding of free, fair and democratic elections in Liberia. To this end, the M'eeting His Excellency Captain Blaise COMPAORE, President agreed on the need to remodel and reinforce ECOMOG and of Faso, Head of Government, BURKINA FASO. reiterated earlier appeals to other Member States of ECOWAS willing and able to contribute troops to do so His Excellency Felix HOUPHOUET-BOIGNY, Presi without any further delay. It therefore welcomed with dent of the Republic of COTE D'IVOIRE. appreciation the announcement by Senegal of its readiness to contribute troops to £COMOG. His Excellency Alhaji Sir Dawda Kairaba JAWARA, President of the Republic ofTHE GAMBIA. MAINTENANCE OF CEASEFIRE His ExceUency General [oao Bernardo VIEIRA, President of the Council of State of the Republic of 6. The Meeting noted with satisfaction that both the GUINEA-BISSAU. Interim Government and the National Patriotic Front of Liberia had adhered to their commitments to continue to His Excellency Lieutenant-Colonel Amadou Toumani observe and consolidate the ceasefire in Liberia. TOURE, Chairman of the People's Redemption Transitional Committee, Head of State of the ENCAMPMENT AND DISARMAMENT Republic of MALI. 7. The Meeting welcomed the agreement of the parties His Excellency Abdou DIOUF, President of the to implement, under ECOMOG supervision, the encamp Republic of SENEGAL. ment of their troops in designated locations and their disarmament. and the arms and ammunition would be Honourable Kokou Joseph KOFFIGOH, Prime deposited in appropriate armourles alsounder 'the super Minister·of the TOGOLESE Republic. vision of ECOMOG. The Meeting mandated ECOMOG, in liaison with the parties concerned, to work out the practical Honourable Augustus AIKHOMU, Vice-President, modalities for the implementation of this agreement. representing the President of the Federal Republic of NIGERIA. ELECTORAL PROCESS Honourable Mohamed Ibn CHAMBAS, Deputy PNDC 8. The two parties agreed to set up a five-member Secretary for Foreign Affairs, representing the Head Elections Commission for the organisation and supervision of State of the Republic ofGhana. of the elections to be held in Liberia. The Commission would meet in Monrovia as soon as possible 3. Also present at the invitation of the Committee were: 9. The two parties agreed to establish a nve-rnernber Ad His Excellency Dr. Amos SAWYER, President of the Hoc Supreme Court to adjudicated disputes arising from Interim Governemnt of LIBERIA. the electoral process as provided for by the Liberian Constitution. Mr. Charles TAYLOR, Head of the National Patriotic Front of Liberia (NPFL) 10. The parties also agreed to cooperate fully with the International Negotiations Network (INN) of the Carter The Representative" of the lnternational Negotiations Centre invited by the-Committee to assist witli the electoral Network (INN). process. 24 Nov. 1991 Official J~~nal .C!f the ECOW~ .Yol. 21; MISSIONS TO GUINEA AND SIERRA LEONE 11. Concerned about the deterioration of the security situation .in the border areas between Liberia and Sierra Leone on the one hand, and Liberia and Guinea on the other, the Meeting requested Cote d'lvolre, The Gambia, Guinea-Bissau and Nigeria under the Chairmanship of Hi!i Excellency Senegal to visit Guinea and Sierra Leone: The objective of Felix HOUPHOUET-BOIGNV President of the RepUblic' the mission, among other things, would be to convey the of COTE D'I~OIRE outcome of this Meeting to the Heads of State of those countrieswith a view to enlisting their cooperation for the successful implementation of the agreementreached and to facilitating the restoration of normalcy in those borderarea. VOTE OF THANKS 12. The Meeting expressed its appreciation and gratitude to His Excellency Felix HOUPHOUET-BOIGNY, President of the Republic of Cote d'lvoire, the Government and VIEIRA people of Cote d'ivoire for the warm. reception and hospitality accorded to all delegations and for the excellent Presid t of the Council of State of the Republic Qt facilities made available to ensure the success of the GUINEA-BISSAU Meeting. NEXT MEETING 13. The Committee decided to meet again in Yamoussoukro on 29 of October 1991. DONE IN YAMOUSSOUKRO THISSEVENTEENTH DAY OF SEPTEMBER 1991. His Excellency Abdou DIOUF '1 President of the RepUblic of SENEGAL .~ Honourable KOkou-Joseph·KUFFIGOR ~ne His Excellency Prime Minister of r06DLES Republic Captain Blai~e COMPAORE President of Faso. Head of Government, BURKINA FASO 1: His Excellency His Excellency Dr. Amos Sawyer Lt.-Col. Amadou Toumani TOURE President of the Interim Chairman ,of the People·s Government of LJ~:~ Redemption Transitional a4~ ~') Com~ittee, Head of Stale of c a G •• Mr. _Charles TAVLOR the Republic of MALJ Head of th~ National , Patrioti~ Front of LIBERIA 2S (NPFL) ~v.1991 O~lclal, Journal of t~. EC9WAS Vol. 21 IV' FINAL COMMUNIQUE OF THE THIRD MEEtiNG OF Dr. Salim Ahmed SALIM, Secretary General of the PIVE ON THE LIBERIAN CRISIS HELD IN Organisation of African Unity. YAMOUSSOUKRO 29 - 30 OCTOBER, 1991. Mrs. Dayle E.SPENCER, representative of the International Negotiations Network(INN). The ECOWAS Committee of Fiveon Liberia held its third meeting in Yamoussoukro, Cote d'ivoire from 29 to OUTCOME OF DELIBERATIONS 30 October 1991 underthe Chairmanship of His Excellency Felix Houphouet-Boigny, President of the Republic of Cote DEVELOPMENTS SINCE THE COMMITTEE'S LAST d'.volre. At the invitation of the Committee, apart from MEETING: those -wtio are members d.f. the Committee of Five, the other members of the ECOWAS Standing Mediation 4. The Committee reviewed developments relating to Committee participated in its deliberations together with the Liberian crisis since its last meeting in Yamoussoukro Guinea.and SierraLeone. on 16 and 17 September 1991.The Committee.noted with appreciation that since that meeting, the Republic of 2. Present at the meeting were the following Heads of Senegal, in keeping with its promise to contribute troops State and Governmentor their duly accredited representa to ECOMOG,. had started deploying its troops to Liberia to tives: join ECOMOG. It also noted with pleasure the fact that the His Excellency Captain Blaise COMPAORE, President parties, in consonance with the agreement reached in of Faso, Head of Governemnt, BURKINA FASO. Yamoussoukro duringthe lastmeeting of the Committee of five, had nominated a five-member 'ad-hocSupreme Court HisExcellency FelixHOUPHOUEl-BOIGNY, to adjudicate disputes that may arise from the electoral President of the Republic of COTE D'IVOIRE. process, as provided for by the Liberian Constitution. The His Excellency General [oao Bernardo VIEIRA, Committee urged the parties concerned tb take all' neces President of the Council of State of the Republic of sary action to ensure that the Interim Elections Commis GUINEA-BISSAU. sion begins its work without any further delay. His Excellency Lieutenant-Colonel Amadou Toumani ECOMOG TOURE, Chairman of the 'People's Redemption Transitional Committee,Head of State of the 5. Recalling its earlierappeal to other ECOWAS Member Republic of MALI. States to contribute contingents to ECOMOG, the Committee welcomed with appreciation the announcement His Excellency AbdouDIOUF, President of the by Guinea-Bissau of its readiness to contribute troops to Republic of SENEGAL. ECOMOG in order to enhance its capacity to discharge its peace-keeping role in Liberia. Honourable Kokou Joseph KOFFIGOH, Prime Minister of the TOGO lESE Republic. TIMETABLE FOR ENCAMPMENT AND DISARMAMENT Honourable Augustus AIKHOMU, Vice-President, 6. Recalling the earlier Yamoussoukro Agreement of the ,representing the President of the Federal Republic of parties to implement, under ECOMOGsupervision, the NIGERIA. encampment of their troops in designated locations and Honourable J.B. DAUDA, Second' Vice-President, their disarmament, and the mandate given to ECOMOG, in Attorney-General and Minister of Justice, represent· liaison withthe partiesconcerned, to work out the practical ing the President of the Republic of Sierra leone modalities for the implementation of that accord, the Me~ting considered and agreed a Programme of Implemen Honourable Alhaji Omar Sey, Minister of Externa. tation of these important elements of the cease-fire which' is Affairs,representing the President of the Republic of a annexed. ihereto. This Programme envisages the implementa- TMEGAMBIA. ~Qn within 60 days of all the modalities for the establish Honourable Dr. Obed ASAMOAH, PNOC Secretary men~ of the, necessary conditions of peace and security for Foreigll Affairs, representing the Head of State of on the ground in order to reinforce the confidence of the the Republic of GHANA. parties as well as create a proper atmosphere conducive to the holding of free, fair and democraticelections In Llberla Honourable Facine' lOURE, Attorney-General and not later than six, months from the date of this meeting. Minister' of Justice, representing the Head of State of The Committee therefore renewed its mandate" to the Republic of GUINEA ECOMOG' to ensure that the Programme is smoothly and 3. Also presentat the invitation of the Committee were: srreedily implemented, in order to make it possible. for democratic elections to be held in Liberia within the His Excellency Dr. Amos C. SAWYER President of stipulated period.To this end, it appealed to all the parties the Interim Governmentof Liberia. concerned to continue to repose trust and confidene in ECOMOG and to cooperate fully with EcOMOG, the Interim, Elections Commission, the International Negotia Mr. Charles TAYlOR"Head of the National Patriotic tions Network (INN) and all other international observers front of Liberia (NPFl) who maywish to observe and monitor the electoral process. 26 Nov. 1991 Offlcl~1 Journal of the ECOWAS Vol.21 VISITS TO GUINEA AND SIERRA LEONE TherewouId be someobstacles and possible minefields that would need 7. The meeting received the report of the delegation of to be neutralised. 'the Foreign Ministers of Cote d'ivoire, The Gambia, Guinea. Bis~u and Nigeria, headedby Senegal, which wasrequested .All entry points into Liberia will to ,visit Guinea and Sierra Leone after the end of the be monitored by ECOMOG troops. Committee's last meeting. It'welcomed the participation of Gu,inea and Sierra Leone at the meeting and particularly Tasks Eliminate external threat to allow noted with appreciation, the declaration of these countries the encampment and disarmament to continue to cooperate wlth the Committee in order to programme to be smoothly and achieve the successful implementation of the ECOWAS effectively carried out. peace p1an and to facilitate the restoration of normalcy in the b9r'der areas of Sierra Leone and Liberia..The Com Monitoring of all possible avenues mittee agreed on the necessity that all hostile foreign forces of approach into Liberia by patrols be withdrawn .immediately from the territory of Sierra and static guards. Leone and that a buffer zone be created with similar dispatch on the Liberian' side of the border, to be mon i Search, in conjunction with admini tored by ECOMOG. strativeauthorities, to recover hiddenor lost weapons. VOTE OF THANKS Strategic instailations will need 8. The Committee expressed its appreciation and static guards. gratitude to His Excellency Felix Houphouet-Boigny, President of the Republic of Cote d'ivoire, the Government Security ~i11 be provided to all and People ,of Cote d'ivoire for the warm receiption and VI Ps and where freedom of move hospitality accorded to alldelegations and for the excellent ment is established such security facilities made available to ensurethe succes of the meeting. will not be necessary for local dign itaries. DONE AT YAMOUSSOUKRO THIS 30TH D,L\ Y OF OCTOBER 1991. It is clear that trust and confidence from all the parties to the conflict underpin the operations of ECOMOG which, in the light of the Yamoussoukro meet ANNEX ings, should now take us into the next phase. It istherefore recommended that this next phase commence on 15 PROGRAMME OF IMPLEMENTATION November 1991 which shall be known as "0" Day. ECOMOG Mission: Cover the wholeof Liberia. It isenvisaged that the ECOMOG military programme can be completed within60 days as follows: Supervise the· encampment and disarmament of all warring factions. D-Day Issue Orders Preliminary Accepted ECOMOG shall enjoy freedom of D-Day +7- Confirmatory recce completed of all Conditions movement throughout the territory encampment areas and forward patrol of Liberia. bases. All warring factions will willingly Border guards in place including buffer abandon 'their fighting positions zones along Sierra Leone/Liberia border. and move into designated camps. Road blocks and check points removed During the period of encampment in collaboration with administrative and disarmament, eminent persons authorities. of the INN will visit Liberia in order to reinforce the confidence Reception centres for encampmentopen. of the parties. ECOMOGpatrois commence. All parties concerned will recognise the absolute neutrality of NPFL encampment + documentation ECOMOG and demonstrate their trust and confidence in it. Receiving, cratingand storageof weapons at designated.points completed. Some weapons would 'be inadver tently lost and wouId therefore need to be located and recovered. 27 "0'.21 Nov. 199i Official Journal of the ECOWAS Resettlement programme commences. Robertsrleld International Airport reactivated. Consolidation of border areas in collabo ration with the admanistrative authorities. Gener Bernardo VIEl.RA Appropriate lightAirDetachments Presi the Council of deployed an Liberia (including heli S~ate o~ copters) the Republic of GUINEA-BISSAU' Routlne patrolscontinue. Permanent presence and monitoring of all airportsand seaports. International flights into Robertsfleld commence. His. E.xcellency Lt. -Col. No movement of heavy weapons belong Amadou Toumani TOURE iog to ECOMOG where not necessary. Chairman of the People-s Redemption irans!tional D-Day+60 - Assignment completed by 14 January Committe~, Head of State 1992. of the' Republic of MALI The operation itself will 'be conducted at small unit and sub-unit level but there is anover-rldlng need to keep border security forces .for as longas necessary. Command and coOtrD7will be'. exercised at Force Headquarters. His Excellency Abdo a¥·~ ~11 President of the R~public e~ ~ ,~~ SENEGAL ~t· .::>~.7 r-: I~ ~.J~d OA 'Honourable -Po" Kok~u Joseph KOFFIGDH Prime Minister of the :OONE. AT YAMOUSSOUKRO' THIS 30TH DAY' OF TDGDLES~ Republic OcrOBER 1991. Honoura~'1 Augustus AI KHOHU Vi G-e-Pr~s·dent ,. representing the ~e~~ ff State of the His Eiceellency Federa~;epublic Capt~in Blaise COMPAORE of NIGERIA President of FASO Honourable J.B. DAUDA Second·' Vi ce-President, AttDrn~y-General and Hi·s Excellency Hi n i s:ter of Justice, Felix. HOUPHOUET-BOIGNY P"'.id·.~t caf the ~epubli.c representing the President of COTE'D-IVOIRE of the Republic of Sie-ra Leone 28 Nov.19~~ Official Journal of tho ECOW~S Vol. 21 United People's Party Liberia Unification Party National Democratic Party of Liberia Independent Natonal Patriotic Front of Liberia Honourabie Alhaji Dinar s·e·y Liberian Professional Business Association Minister of Exte~nal ~ffa~rs Press Union of Liberia representing the President Bong County Associations in the Americas of th~ Republic of " Union of Liberian Artists & Concerned Wome THI;' GAMBJ.A of Liberia , Higher Education Association United Nimba Citizens Council Association for Constitutional Democracy in Liberia Honou • Obed AS~t10AH Concerned Citizens retary for Foreign Front for Popular Democracy Inter-Faith Mediation Committee of Liberia. Affairs, representing the 2. The Conference was also attended by Special Head of State of the Representatives of the Secretary General of the Organization of African Unity (OAU) and the Secre Republic of GHANA tary General of the United Nations (UN) as observers. 3. The opening session was presided ove. by His Excel lency Alhaji Sir Dawda Kairaba jAWARA. President of the Republic of The Gambia, current Chairman of the ECOWAS Authority and Chairman of the Com munity's .Standing Mediation Committee. In his Minister of Justi e, address President .jawara welcon:e the participants to The Gambia and wished them a pleasant stay in the representing the/Head of City of Banjul. State of the RepUblic of 4. The President further recounted the horrors of the Guinea Liberian crisis and "the wanton killings and carnage being perpetrated against 'Liberians and foreigners alike, which have shocked not only the people of Liberia, but also the people of the sub-region and the rest of the lnternatlonal community. Alhaji Sir Hi·s Excellency Dawda jawara pointed out that it was against this Dr. Amos C. Sawyer background that the Heads of State and Government President of the Interim of "the ECOWAS Standing mediation Committee met Government of Liberia early in August and resolved to -assume their respon sibility as good neighbours in the sub-region to ensure 5.FINA~ COMMUNIQUE OF THE NATIONAL CON the return ofpeace and stability to Liberia as, indeed, FERENCE OF ALL LlBER IAN POLITICAL PARTIES, they believed the situation in that country poses a PATRIOTIC FRONTS, INTEREST GROUPS AND threat to international peace and security. ~NCER~ED CITIZENS BANJUL, THE GAMBIA, AUGUST27 - $EPTEMBER 1, 1990. President jawara further pointed out that an ECOWAS Cease-fire Monitoring Group (ECOMOG) INTERIM GOVERNMENT OF NATIONAL UNITV OF has been established and deployed. in Liberia for the LlBERI~ purpose of keeping the peace and restoring law and order. He emphasized that the role. of .ECOMOG in 1. The National Conference of all Political.Parties, the Liberia is strictly neutral, favouring no particular side Independent National Patriotic Front of Liberia and in the conflict. The" President therefore assured the various liberian Interest GrDups was held at. the "Conference that the purpose for hosting the National Kairaba Conference Center in Banjul, the Republic of Conference of Liberian Political Parties, Interest The Gambia, from August 27 - September .1, 19~O. Groups and Warring Parties was to provide a forum and the needed resources to enable Wberians to meet Participants at the Conference were as follows: and find their own. solutions to the problems now facing their country. Concluding, Sir Dawda [awara Liberia Action P~rty again welcom.~ participants. to the Conference and Liberian People's Pany sincerely ,wlshec;I them successful deliberations. U~ity Party Nov. 199\ OffIcial Journal of the ECOWAS Vol. 2 1 BACKGROUND 11. The Conference th anked the delega tion from Mr_ Prince Johnson's Indep endent Natio nal Patrio tic 6. The Co nference convened against the background Front of Liberia from attending the Con ference, th at the Republic of Liberia, over the past eight inspite of a nu mber of travel difficulties that delega months, has been plunged into a state of civil war tion encountered. resulting in massive destruction of life and property and a breakdow n of law and order. 12. The Co nference was presided over by the inter-Faith Mediatioo Committee of Liberia: represented by 7. All efforts by the Liberian Inter-Faith Mediation Bishop Ronald J. Diggs, Bishop W. Nah Dixon, Committee and the ECOWAS Standing Mediat ion Archbishop Michael K. Francis and Sheikh F. Committee toencourange the warring parties to cease Kafurnba Konneh. hostilities and seek peacefu l so lutions have proven futile. 8. Accordingly, there is today no government in Liber ia. The co untry has now effecti vely been app ortioned TH ECONSTITUTIONALITY OF THE INTERIM among the three warring factions which are holding GOVERNMENT th e entire po pulati on hostage ; thus depri ving them of food, shelter, health care and other basic human 13. The Conference decided that a government shou ld be needs, or ganized in confo rm ity with the Constitution of Liberia. The un itary repu blican for m of government was maintained with separate and co-equal branches, viz Legislative, Executive and Judiciary. 9. The patheti c plight of innocent civilians in Liberia as a result of the crisis in the count ry and the spill-over The Conference took particular note of the total effect it may have.for neighbouring countries in the breakdown of law and order, the prevailing state of sub-region has prompted the Heads of State and war, the massive loss of life, me displacement of the Government of the ECOWAS Standing Mediation citizens, and the collapse of the Government of Co mmittee to convene at a special meet ing on Presiden t Samuel K. Doe. Liber ian in Banjul, from August 6-7, 1990, at which time they decided to deploy ECOMOG to restore Against this background the Confere nce, relying and peace and sta bility in Liberia, 10 the welcome relief acting on th e inheren t sovereign right of the Liberian of the Liberian peopl e. peop le to make laws for their governance and alter same when their safety and happiness to requi re, consistent with the spirit and intent of the Constitu tion of Liberia, decided to suspend certain portions therein . 10. Of the warring parties invited to atte nd the Confe rence, the Natonal Patrio tic Front of Liberia, led by Under the aforem entioned parti al suspension of the Mr. Charle s Ta ylor, failed 10 app ear. Further efforts Constitution, the Conference decided that: to encourage Mr. Taylor to attend were made th rough a special message fro m the Conference Chairman (a) An Interim Government of National Unity be establi which proved unsuccessfu l. shed und er the Constitution of Liberia. 30 Nov . 1991 Official Journ al of the ECQWAS V ol . 21 (b) The Interim Government shall continue to exist unti l RESULTS OF THE INTERIM GOVERNMENT a government elected by free and fair election has ELEC TIONS been insta lled; and 14. Executive Bronch (c) During the life of the Interim Government the Constitu tion of Liberia shall con tinue to be in effect President Dr. Amos Sawyer except for the pertinent suspended portions dealing Vice President Rt. Rev. Ronald J.Diggs with the re-organization of the Legislature, Executive and Judicial Branches. Below are the suspened Interim Legislative Assembl,t portions: A. LEGISLATIVE BRANCH Speaker Reserved for Mr. Charles Taylor of Nation al Patriotic Front of Liberia Chapter V of the Liberian Constitution, captioned Deputy Spea ker Reserved for Mr. Prince Joh nson of "The Legislature ' was suspended for the life of the Independent National Patriotic Interim Government of Natonal Unity, During the Front of Liberia. suspension of Chapter V of the Constituti on, the Legislative power of Govem ment shall be vested in an MANDATE Interim Legislative Assembly (ILA). The Interim Legislative Assemhly shall consist of 35 members. 15. The National Conference decided that the Interim Membership in the Interm Legislative Assembly shall Government shall assume full powers for the gover be as follows: one fro m each of the thirteen counties nance of the State as provided for in the Constitution of Liberia; two from each of the six existing political of Liberia. In add ition, the National Confe rence parties; six from th e National Patriotic Front of mandated the performance of such primary functions Liberia (NPF L); and four from the Independen t as may be requireJ to retu rn the country to norm alcy, National Patriotic Front of Liberia (INPFL). These function s include, but are not limited to the following: ' B. EXECUTI VE BRANCH (a) the adoption, with the support of ECOMOG, of Chapter VI of the Cons titution, captioned "The measures to demilitari ze the combatants and Executive" is hereby suspended fo r the life of the create an apparatus for the maintenance of law Interim Govemment. During the suspension of and orde r; Chapter VI of the Constitut ion the Executive power of Government shall be vested in an Interim President , (b) the facilitation of th e repatriation and resettle Interim Vice President and all Ministries, autonomous ment of refugees, displaced and exiled Liberian s; agencies and public corporations existing at the time of the suspension of Chapter VI of the Constitution ; {c} the lnitiation 'of a process of national re concilia provided that the Interim Government, taking into tion and unity; account existing conditions in the country, shall re activate only those Ministries, autonomous agencies (d) the creation of the necessary co nditions, includ of Government and public corporation as shall be ing the establishment of an independen t and necessary for the proper discharge of the urgent acceptable electoral commission for the organ i priorities of the Interim Governm ent. zation and supervi sion of general and presiden tial election s which should be held no later than C. JUDICIAL BRANCH the constitutionally prescribed date in 1991,' Chapter VII of the Constitut ion capti oned "The (e) the establ ishment of a National Commission on Judiciary . shall continue to be in force and effect Resettl eme nt, Rehabilitati on and Reco nstru c during the per iod of the Interim Govern ment but all tion with a mandate to facilitate a normal life person s ho lding any judicial office unde r th at chap ter for the displaced pop ulat ion; shall cease to hold such office upon the installing of the Interim Government. Th e Interim President shall (f) tne establish ment of the reqursue bodies, thereupo n, and without delay, proceed with the boards and/or commissions that would enable appointment of persons to rep lace those who have the people of Liberia to effectively participate ceased to hold such judicial offices, through their in the affairs of their Government by delibera nomination, confirmation by the Interim Legislative ting on national issues and closely monitoring Assemb ly, and subsequent commissioning by the the activities of Govern ment to ensure Interim President. efficiency, economy and accountability. 31. Nov. 1991 Off icial Journal of the EC O WA ~ VOI.21 OTHER DECISIONS 5. J. .\Iamadee Woah-Tee LIBERIA UN IFICATION PARTY 16. Following exhaustive and frank deliberations of the Li berian crisis, in an atmosphere of tolerance and 6.. WinslOn A. Tubman cooperation, the Confere nce made other far-reaching NATIONAL DEMOCRATIC PARTY OF .decisions, among which are the following: LIBERIA (a) a unanimous endorsement of the Communique 7. Noah A Bordolo of the ECOWAS Standing Mediation Corn INDEPENDE NT NATIONAL PATRIOTIC mittee of August 7, 1990; FRONT OF LI BERIA (b) a call upon the National Partriot ic From of Liberia to lay down their arms immediately and 8. Waldron B Greaves join the Interim Goverment of National Uni ty LIBERIAN PROFESSIONAL BUSI NESS so as to find solutions to Liberi a s tpro blems; ASSOCIATION (c) to ensure free and fair elections during the 9. Lamini A. Waritay ensuing General Elections, the Interi m Presi PRESS UN ION OF LIBERIA dent and Interim Vice-President shall not be eligible to run for, or contest, an y elective 10. Jonathan O. Davis positions. Further, the Conference decided that BONG COUNTY ASSOCIATIONS IN THE members of the Interim Legislative Assembly AME RICAS wishing to contest for positions in the Genera l 11. Miatta Fahnbulleh El ections should tender their resignation pri or UN ION OF LIBERIAN ARTISTS AND to the beginning of the campaign period; CONCERNED WOMEN OF LI BERIA Id) that the Interim Government enter into a 12. James T. Tarpeh Status of Forces Agreement with ECOIVAS to HIGHER EDUCATION ASSOCIATION define the relationship between ECO MOG and the Interim Government; 3. Marcus S. G. Dahn UN ITED NIMBA CITIZENS COUNCIL (c) that the Inerim Government, in reasonable time. should open discussions with respect to the 14. Patrick L.N. Sevon establishment of a new armed forces for Li beria. ASSOC IATION FOR C30 NSTITUTIONAL DEMO CRACY IN LI BERIA 17. The National Conference extended profound thanks and appreciations to His Excellency Alhaji Sir Dawda 15.Joseph J. IV. Koffah Kairaba [awara, President of the Republic of The CONCE RNED CITIZENS Gambia and, through him. to the brotherly people of The Gambia for their warm reception and kind 16. Fodee Kromah courtesies to the participants of the Conference. The FRONT FOR POPULAR DEMOC RACY Conference also extended special thanks and appro ciation to the Government of The Gambia for facili 17. B. Austin Biah tating the smooth operation of its work. Finally the UN iON OF LIBERIAN ASSOCIATIONS Conference thanked the Executive Secretary of INTHE AMERICAS ECOWA S, the Special Representatives of the Sccre ATIESTED: ta ry-Gcneral of the Organisation of African Unity. and the Sccrctarv-Gcncral of the United Nations for INTER·F AITH MED IATlO"! COMM ITIEE OF LI BERIA their contributions to the success of the Conference. Archbishop Michael K. Francis Sheikh Kafumba F. Konneh DONE INTHE CITY OF BAN JUl, REPUB LIC OF THE Bishop Ronald ~ Diggs GAMB IA THIS 29THDAY OF AUGUST. A.D. 1990. BISh op W. Nah-Dixon SIG NED: 1. Ell en [ohnson-Sirlcaf LIBERIA ACTION PARTY 2. Joseph Saye Guannu LI BERI A PEOPL F. 'S PARTY 3. Edward e. ll.e sselly UNITY PARTY 4. G, Baccus Matth ews UNITED PEOPLE S. PARTY 32 Nov. 1991 Official Journal ECOWAS of tne Vol. 21 -II. FINAL COMMUNIQUE OF THE ALL-LIBERIA 3. Interest Groups NATIONAL CONFERENCE. VIRGINIA, LIBERIA Press Unionof Liberia {PULl The text of the Final Communique issued at the end National BarAssociation of Liberia(NBA) of the All-Liberia National Conference held at the Unity National Medical and Dental Association of Liberia Conference Center in Virginia, Liberia from March 15 to (NMDAL) April 18. 1991 isfound below: NationalTeachers' Association of Liberia Liberian National Students of Liberia (LiNSU) Liberian Federation of Labour Union (LFLU) The All-Liberia National Conference was held in Liberian Marketing Association (LMA) Virginia, Liberia from March 15 to April 20, 1991 under Movement for Justice in Africa (MOJA) the Triumvirate Chairof Ambassador Herbert R.W. Brewer, Federation of Liberia Youth (FLY) Archibishop Michael Kpakala.Francis and Shiekh Kafumba Liberian Council of Churches {LCC} Konneh. The Conference wasattended by one hundred and Muslim Council of Liberia(MCL ) fifty-one (151)-r.elegates of thirty-six (36) delegations from Liberian Association of Writers (LAW) the following Political Parties, warring factions, interest Women Development Association of Liberia groups and county representatives: (WODAL) Rubber Planters Association of Liberia (RPAL) 4. County Representatives 1. Political Parties : While all of the twenty-six (26) county representa Liberia Action Party (LAP) tives were accredited, only the thirteen representa Liberia People's Party (LPP) tives from the Monrovia Assembly were actually in Liberia Unification Party (LUP) attendance at the Conference. Unity Party (UP) United People'sParty (UPP) The ECOWAS Standing Mediation Committee was National Democratic Party of Liberia (N[j~L) represented at the Conference as follows: 2. Warring Factions Honourable Major-General (rtd) IkeNwachukw Minister of ExternalAffairs, Nigeria National Patriotic Front of Liberia (NPFL) Independent National Patriotic Front of Liberia Honourable Mr. Yaoui Adodo (lNPFL) Minister of ExternalAffairs, Togo 33 Vol. 21 Official Journal of the ECOWAS Nov. 1991 HonourableDr. Mohammed IbnChambas Deputy Secretary for Foreign Affairs, Ghana Continuous efforts were exerted by the Conference to encourage the NPFL Delegation to return to the Honourable Mr. O. YagaBagayogo Conference hall. These efforts were unsuccessful. As the Deputizing for the Honourable Minister of NPFL Delegation was not in attendance at the Conference External Affairs, Mali immediately prior to elections, the Conference decided to revertto the republican structure ofgovernment. Honourable AlhajiAbdul Karim Koroma Minister of Foregin Affairs, Sierra Leone Other dignitaries present at the Conferenceincluded; INTERIM GOVERNMENT the Special Representatives of the Secretary-General of the United Nations and the Secretary-General of the Organisa The Executive tion of African Unity, respectively, and members of the Diplomatic Corps residing in Monrovia. Also in attendance The Conference formed an interim government, at the Conference were a large number of Liberians, many known as the Government of National Unity. Upon the of whom had returned from abroad, and members of the joint nomination by the Political Partiesand interestgroups, international press. Dr. AmosClaudiusSawyer wasendorsed by the Conference as President of the Interim Government of National Unity, INTERIM·GOVERNMENT: NEGOTIATIONS Republic of Liberia. The Independent National Patriotic front of Liberia (lNPFL) nominated the Vice Presidentof As the purpose of the Conference was to restore the Jovernment, in the person of Dr. Peter Naigow, who peace to Liberia through the formation of an interim wasendorsed by the Conference. government, acceptable to the Liberian People, with the capacity to hold free and fair elections, delegates were engaged in numerous, long, tedious, serious and delicate The Legislature negotiations, the NPFL Delegation insisted on taking a week's break and walked out of the Conference shortly A unicameral Interim Legislative Assembly is the after presenting the NPFL Proposals on the interim govern Legislature for the government. This Assembly is composed ment and outlining the reasonsfor the walk-out. of 51 members as follows: The core of the NPFL Proposals are as follows: 1. ATriun·virate Councilof co-equals, calledthe Council 1. Twenty-six (26) members from the thirteen (13) of National Unity, should run the Executive arm of counties of Liberia with thirteen (13) Representatives Government; in effect, there should be three heads-of coming from the Assembly in Gbarnga and thirteen 'State serving as co-equals; (13) Representativesfrom the Assembly in Monrovia, 2. The Legislature should be called the Assembly of National Unity with twenty-six (26) members, two of 2. Twelve (12) members, two of whom come from each whom comingfrom each of the thirteen (13) counties, of the six (6) existing Political Parties; and 3. Six (6) members from the NPFL and five (5) mem 3. The present structure of the Judiciary should be in bersfrom the INPFLjand force, with principal emphasis on its independent posture. 4. Two (2) members from the Interest Groups not serving on the Interim ElectionsCommission. In terms of the walk-out, the NPFL Delegation cited as reasons, the lackof adequate consideration of the NPFL Proposals, the continuous presence of Archbishop Michael The Speaker and the Deputy Speaker shall be elected Kpakala Francis and Shiekh Kafumba Konneh as Confe by the Interim Legislative Assembly. rence Co-Chairman, whom they have accused of being biased by the Delegation, and the failure of the Credentials The Judiciary committee -to respond to the application for the seatingof representatives from NPFL held counties. The Conference All Justices of the Supreme Court and Judges o'f the responded to the grounds for the NPFL walk-out by (a) Subordinate Courts shall be appointed by the President Jn accepting, in principle, the concept of a triumvirate ruling consultation with the National BarAssooiation. council while making an adjustment to have a Chairman and two Co-Chairmen for the Council of National Unity; (b) expressing an overwhelming vote of confidence in the chairing abilities of Archbishop Francisand ShiekhKonneh, and (c) accreditingthe county representatives. Nov. 1991 Official Journal of the ECOWAS Vol. 21 tHE tN-TERIM ELECTIONS COMMISSION RESOLUTIONS Composition The Conference made the following resolutions; An Independent Interim Elections Commission was (a) That conditional amnesty be granted to all established by the Conference and composed of Represen Liberians who served as combantants in the tativesfrom the following Interest Groups: civil war in Liberia; The National BarAssociation of Liberia (b) That appropriate tributes be made throughout Liberia to the memory of the peoplewho died The. Press Unionof Liberia asa result of the civil war; The Liberia Medical and Dental Associations (c) That the Nation's gratitude goes to Bishop The Women Development Association of Liberia Ronald J. Diggs for his tenure of service as Interim Vice Presidentof Liberia; and The Muslim Council of Liberia (d) That the NPFL-backed military incursion into The LiberiaCouncilof Churches Sierra Leone be denounced and that solidarity The Liberian Business Caucus be expressed with the government and people of Sierra Leone as they defend their territorial integrity. Eligibility ofMembers INDUCTION Interim Elections Commission shall make the neces sary preparations in formulating an Elections Programme The President-Elect, Dr. Amos ClaudiusSawyer and for general and presidential elections, scheduled to be held the Vice-President-elect, Dr. Peter Naigow, were inducted on· the date constitutionally provided for, that is the into their respective offices by Associate Justice J. Bayogar SecondTuesday in October) 1991. Junius on April 20, 1991 at the Unity ConferenceCentre, Virginia, Liberia Contesting inthe Ensuing Electioos SUBMITTED BY: THE ALL-LIBERIA ·NATIONAL . All employees of .Government wishing to contest in CONFERENCE the ensuing general and presidential elections, shall resign their positionsprior to the commencement of the campaign period. 6. ECOMOG REGULATIONS FOR THE ECOWAS CEASE Monitoring of General andPresidential· Elections FIRE MONITORING GROUP (ECOMOG) IN LIBERIA In accordancewith the directives given to the Execu The actlvities of the Interim Elections Commission tive Secretary, under Decision A/DEC.1/8/90 of the during ensuing 'kener;d and presidential elections shall be Community Standing. Mediation Committee signed at 'monitored by international agencies such as: Banjul on 7 August, 1990 to determine, after consultation with the Chairman. of the Authority, rules and regu lations The Economic Community of West African States to govern the operatlons-of the ECOWAS Ceasefire Moni (ECOWAS) tOring Group (ECOMOG). in Liberia, the following The United Nations (UN) regulations ase hereby adopted: The Org:;anisation of African'Unity (OAU) The Republican Institute for International Affairs lRIIA) of the UnitedStates of America The National Democratic Institute (NDI) of the UnitedStates of America And, lndivlduals as well as other organisations selected by the Interim ElectionsCommission. 35 Nov. 1991 Official Journal of the ECOWAS Vol. 21 CHAPTER 1 (b) 'Member State' 'or "Member States' means a Member State or Member States of the Community; GENERAL PROVISIONS (c) "Authority;' means the Authority of Heads of' 1. hlUSDce of Regulati ons State and Government of the GOlflnlunity established by ArticleSof the Treaty; The' Regulations for the ECOWAS Ceasefire Monitor· ing Group (ECOMOG) in Liberia(hereinafter referred·to as the Group) are issued by the ExecutiveSecretary, following (d) "Chairman or "Chairman of "the Authority' consultation With the Chairman of the Authority of means the current Chairman of the Authority of Heads of ECOWAS Heads of State and Government. They shall be State and Government of the Economic Community; deemed to have taken effect on the date of the arrival in Liberiaof the first elements of the Group. The Regulations, (e) "Executive Secretary" means the Exeoutive and supplemental instructions and orders referred to in Secretary. of the Community appointed under Article'8 of Regulations 3 and 4, shall be madeavailable to all units of the Treaty; the Group. 2. Amendmen1s (t) The "Commander of the ECOWAS Monitoring Group (ECOMOG)': or the "Commander tjas the general These .Regu lations may be amended or revised by the officer appointed as'"Chief of the ECOWAS Command' by' Executive Secretary, following consultations with the the Chairman of the Authority; Chairman of the Authority. 3. Supplementallnstmctions (g) The "ECOWAS Command is the Commander together with his Headquar.tefs Staff. Supplemental instructions consistent with the present Regulations may be issued by the ExecutiveSecretary.and . (h) The '4ECOWAS Ceasefire Monitoring Group" or by his Special Representative in Liberia as requlred with "Group.': is the subsldlary organ of the Community respect to matters not delegated to the Commander of the described in Regu lation 6 below. Group (hereinafter referred to as the Commander). 4. Commsnd Orders (i) A "member ofthe ECOWAS Ceaseflre Monitor- ing Gro\lp or a "member of the Group" is the'Commander The Commander may issue Orders not inconsistent and any. person, belonging to the military services of a with ,the Decisions of the Authority relating to the Group. Member State who is serving under the Commander either with these Regulations and amendments thereto. and with on the ECOW~S Command or' with a national contingent' supplemental instructions referred to in Regulations 3: are any civilian placed under the State "towhlch such civilian belongs; (a) in the discharge of his duties as Commanderof the Group; or ()) A "Partlclpatlng State' is a Member State of of the Communltv that contributes military personnel to (b) in. implementation or explanation of these the Group A CCParticipating Government ijs a Government Regu lations. of a PartiCipat.ing State. Command Orders shall be subject to review by the Executive Secretary and by his Special Representative in (k) The "Authorities of a Participating State" are Liberia. those authorities who are empoowered by the law of that Member State to enforce its military or other law with respectto the members of its armed forces. . 5. Definitions (I) The "Host State' "is the Republic of Liberia. The following definitions shall' apply to the terms The "Host. Government' is the Government of the Host used in the present Regulations: State. (a) "Community" means the Economic Commu- . (m) "Special RepresentatiVe'istheperson appointed nity of West African States established by' Article 1 of the by the Executive Secretary to exercise. under hisauthority. . Treaty of the Economic Community of West African States. such powersas are entrusted to him. .36 Nov. 1991 Official Journal of the ECOWAS Vol. 21 CHAPTER II CHAPTER III INTERNATIONAL CHARACTER,"UNIFORM, INSIGNIA AUTHORITY AND COMMAND IN THE GROUP AND PRIVILEGES AND IMMUNITIES 11. Command Authority 6. .International Character The Commander hasfull commandauthority overthe The ECOWAS Ceasefire Monitorlng, Group is a Group. He is operationally responsible to the Chairman of subsidiary organ of the Community con~jsting' of the the Authority through the Executive Secretary for the Commander and all military personnel placed under. his performance of all functions assigned to the Group by Command by Member States'. The members of the Group. ECOWAS, and for the deployment and assignment of .although remaining in their national service, are, duringthe troops placedat the disposal of the Group• period of their' assignment to the Group, international personnel under the authority of ECOWAS and" subject to 12. Chain of Command and Delegation of AU1hority the instructions of the Commander through the chain of command. The. functions of the Group are exclusively The Commander shall designate the chain of international and members of the Group shall discharge' command for the Group, making use of the officers of.his these functions and regulate their conduct with the interest Headquarters staff and the commanders of the national of ~COWAS only in view. . contingents made available by Participating Governments. He may delegate his "authority through the chain .of 7. Flag command. Changes in commanders of natlonal contingents made available by Participating Governments shall be made The Group is authorised to fly ECOWAS flag in in consuItation-between the Commander of ECOMOG and accordance with rules as the Special Representative shall the appropriate authorities of the Participating Government; prescribe, The ECOWAS Command shall display. the The Commander may make such provisions emergency ECOWAS flag and emblem on its Headquarters. posts. assisgnments as may be required. vehicles and otherwise. as decided by the Special Represen tative. Other flags or pennants may be displayed'only in Subject to the provisions of these Regulations. the exceptional cases and ln accordance 'with conditions Commander has' full authority. with respect to all assign prescribed by the SpeclaiRepresentative. ments~of members of his Headquarjers staff and, through the chainof commandof all members of the Group, includ 8. Uniform and Insignia ing the deployment"and movementof all contingentsin the Group andImlts thereof. Instructionsfrom principal organs Members of the Group shall wear such uniform and of the Community shall be channelled bythe Executive distinctive insignia as the Commander. in consultation with Secretary through the Special Representative," to the the Executive Secretary, shall prescribe. Civilian dress may Commander and the chain of command designated by him. be worn at such times and ~n accordance with such condi tionsas may be authorised by the Commander. 9. Markings 13. Good Order and Discipline All means of transportation of the Group. including The Commander" shall have general responsibility for vehicles, vessels and aircraft, and all other" equipment the good order and discipline of the Group. He may make when specifically designated by the Commander. shall bear investigations, 'conduct inquiries'and require .information, a distinctive ECOWAS mark and licence. reports, consultations for the purpose of discharging this responsibility, Responsibility for disciplinary action in 10. Privileges and Immunities national contingents provided for the Group rests with the commanders of the nationl contingents. Reportsconcerning The Group, as a subsidiary organof ECOWAS, enjoys, disciplinary action shall be communicated· 'to the Comman the status. privileges and immunities provided in the der of ECOMOG who may consult with the commanderof General Convention on Privileges and Immunities of the national contingent" and, if necessary, through the ECOWAS. The .entry without dutyot. equipment and Executive Secretary with the authorities of the Participating supplies of the Group, and of personal effects of members State concerned. of the Group upon their first arrival shall be effected in. accordance with details to be arranged with the HostState. The provisions of Article 3 of the Convention on the Prfvileges and Immunities of ECOWAS shall also apply to the property, funds and assets of Participating States used in the Host State in connection with the national contingents serving in the Group. "37 Nov. 1991 Official Journal of the ECOWAS Vol. 21 14. Investigation of Inciden1S and Losses 17. Operation ofthe Group The Commander shall establish and ensure the The Commander shall be responsible for the effective implementation of procedures for the reporting operation of the Group .and for arrangements for the and investigation of incidents, accidents and losses involving provision of facilitles, suppliesand auxiliary services, In the the Group or its member or property used by the Group, exercise of this authority he shall act in consultationwith making use of the military police, as appropriate, in the Executive Secretary. particular in the following cases: (a) any incidentinvolving (i) death or serious injury toa member of the Group,or (ii) ~8. ECOWAS Command Headquarters death, injuryor property damage to a person or persons not belonging to the Group, wherein a member of the Groupor The Commander shall establish the Headquarters. for property used by the Group is involved; (b) the occurence the Group and such other operational centres and liaison or discovery of any loss of, or damage to equipment, stores offices as may be found necessary. or other property used by the Group; whether Group owned or contingent-owned, which exceeds an amount to 19.. Finance and Aa:ounting be determine by the Commander, 'in consu ltation with the Special Representative, and cannot be ascribed to normal Financlal administration of the Group shall be limited wearand tear. to the voluntary contributions' in cash orin kind made available to the Community and shall be in accordance 15. Maitary Police with the Financial Regulations and Manual of Accounting Procedures of 'theCommunity, The Commander shall provide for military police for any-camps, establishments for other premises which are 20. Personnel occupied by the Group in the HostState and for such areas where the Group is deployed in the preformance of its (a) The Commander ~hall beentitled todiplomatic functions. Elsewhere military police of the group may be privileges, immunities and facilities in accordance with the employed, in so far as such employment is necessary to provisions of Articles 7.and 8 of the General Conventlen maintain discipline and order among members of the Group on Privileges and Immunities 'of the Communitysigned on' or to conduct investigations, relating to the Group or its 22 April 1978. The-Commander may appoint to his Head. members. For the purpose of this Regulation, the military quarters staff, officers made available by the Participating' police of the Group shall have the power of arrest over States and such other officers as 'm~y be recruited in members of the Group. Nothing in this Regulation is in agreement with the Executive Secretary. Such offlcers on deterogation of the authority of arrest conferred upon his Headquarters staff and such other senior field officers members of a national contingent vis-a-vis one another. as he may designate shall be entitled to the said privileges . and immunities of the General Convention on Privileges CHAPTER IV and Immunities of the Community. . GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE., EXECUTIVE AND (b) The Commander shall arrange with the FINANCIAL ARRANGEMENTS Executive Secretary for such detailment of staff from the ECOWAS Executive Secretariat to serve with the Groupas ,1,6. Authority of1IIe Executive Secretary may 'be necessary. Staff members of the Community detailed by the Executive Secretaryto serve with the-Group The Executive Secretaryof the Community shall have, shall be responsible to the Commander in the performance authority for all administrative and executive matters of their functions in accordance with' the terms of their affecting the Group and for all financial matterspertaining assignment as specified by the Executive Secretary. Th.~y to the receipt, custody and disbursement of voluntary remain subject to the Staff Regulations of the Community contrlbutlonJn cash or in kind forthe maintenance and and the authority of the Executive Secretary and. remain operation of the Group. '\yithin the 'limits of available entitled to the applicable privileges and imm.unities enjoyed voluntary contributions he' shall make provisions for the by officials of the Community under the General Conve~. settlement of any claims 'arising with respect to the Group tlon 0'0. the Privileges and Immunities of the Community. that are not settled by the Government providing contin gents or the Host ,Government. The Executive Secretary shall establish a Special Accountfor the Group'soperations to which will be credited all voluntary cash contributions The Commander may recruitsuch local personal as he for the establishment, operation and maintenance of the requires. The terms and conditionsof employmentfor the Group and against which all payments by ECOWAS for the locally recruited personnel shall be' prescribed by the Group shall be charged. The Community's financial Commander and the Special Representative and shall responsibility for the provlsion of facilities, supplies and generally to the' extent practicable, follow the practice .auxlllarv services for the Group shall be limited to the prevailing In the locality. They shall not be subject to or amount of voluntary'contributions received in cash or in entitled to the benefits of the Staff Regulations of the kind.. Community. but shall be entitled to immunity from. legal 38 Official Journal of the ECOWAS vot.2i Nov. 1991 -~------process in respect of official acts as provided in Article 8 27. Medical, Dental and Sanitary Services of the General Convention on Privileges and Immunities and shall be exempted from taxes on their salaries and The Commandershall arrange for necessary support emoluments received from the Group. Disputes concerning ingunits to provide medical, dental and sanitaryservices for the terms of employment and conditions of service of all personnel'and shall make such other arrangements as locally recruited personnel shall be settled by administrative may be necessary. procedure to be established by the Commander and the Special Representative. 28. Contracts 21. Food, Accommoda1ion and Ameni1ies The Executive Secretary shall enter into contracts and make commitmentsfor the purposeof carrying out the The Commandershall havecharge of the billeting and functions assigned to this Group under these Regulations. the provision of food for 1111 personnel,attached to the Group for whom their own Government has not made 29. Public Infonna1ion provision. and, may negotiate with the Government and private suppliers for the provision of premises and food Public Information activities of the Group and The Commander may establish, maintain and operate relations of. the Group with the Press and other information, Headquarters" camps and post", in accordance with such media shall be the responsibility of the Special Representa conditions .ac; he may prescribe. service institutes providing tive acting in accordance with policy defined by the amenities for membrs of. the Group and of the ECOWAS FxecutiveSecretary. Executive Secretariat detailed by the Executive Secretary to serve with the Group. CHAPTER V RIGHTS ANO DUTIES OF MEMBERS OF THE GROUP 22. Transporta1i on 30. Respect for Local Law and Conduct Befitting Inter The Commander shall arrange for the transportation national Status of personnel and'equipment to and from the area of operations; shall make provision for local transportation It is the duty of members of the Group to respectthe within the area; and shall coordinate the use of all laws and regulations of the Host State and to refrain from transportationfacilities. any activity of, a political character in the Host State or 23. Supplies other action incompatible with the international nature of their duties. They shall conduct themselves at all timesin a manner befitting' their status as members of the ECOWAS The Commander shall be responsible for the procure Ceaseflre Monitoring Group. ment, storage and issuance of supplies required by the Group. 31. ECOWAS Legal Protec1ion 24. Equipment Members of the Group are entitled to the legal The Commander shall make such arrangements as protection of ECOWAS and shall be regarded as agents of may be necessary for obtaining equipment required by the the Communityfor the purposeof such protection. Group. other than the standard equipment expected to accompany national contingents. 32. Instruc1ions 25. Communica1i ons Services In the performance of their duties the members. of The Commander shall make appropriate arrangement the Group shall receive their instructions only from the , for the inclusion in the Group of such supporting units as Commander and the chain of commanddesignated by him. may! be necessary to providefor the establishment, operation and maintenance of telecommunications and post services 33. Discre1ion and Non-Communica1ion of Irrformation within the area of operation and with the Executive Secretaryand the Social Representative. Members of the Group shall exercise the utmost discretion in regard to all matters relating to their duties 26. Maintenance and other Services and functions. They shall not communicate to any person any information known to them by reason of their position The Commandershall arrange for necessary supporting with the Group which has not been made public,except in units to provide maintenance repairs and other services the course of their duties or by authorisation of the reCIl!rec!, for the operatlcr.s of the Crc..up. Commander who shall act in consultaticn with the 39 Nov. 1991 Official. Journal of the ECOWAS Vol. 21 ExecutiveSecretary in appropriate cases. The obligationsof 38. Driving this Regulation do not cease upon termination of their assignment with the Group. In driving vehicles, members of the Group shall exercisejhe utmost care at all times. Orders concerning 34. Honours and Remunerati:on from External Sources driving of service vehicles and permits orlicences for such No member of the Group may accept any honour, operation shallbe issued by the Commander. decoration, favour, gift or remuneration inCflllpatible with 39. Pay the individuaL's status and function as a member'of the Group. ' Responsibility for pay of members of the Group shall rest with their respective national State. They spallbe paid 35" Jurisdiction in the field in accordance with arrangements to be made (a). MemberS of the Group shall be subject to the between the appropriate pay officer of their respective criminal jurisdiction of their respective Member States in nationalState and the Commander. accordance with the laws and regulations of thsoe Member States, They shall not be subject to the 'criminal jurisdiction 40.· Overseas Service AU O'tNallce of the courts of the Host State. Responsibility for the The Executive Secretary shall fix' a scale for a daily exerciseof criminal jurisdiction shan rest with the authori overseas service allowance not to exceed three US dollars ties of the Participating State concerned, including as (*3 US) a'day to be paid by the Community-ln appropriate appropriate the tommanders of the national contingents. currency to those members of the Group determined to be" eligible for such allowance. Eligibility and entitlement shall' (b) , Members of the Group shall not be subject to be decided by the Commander in'accordance with the the civil jurisdiction of the' courts 'of the HostState or to conditions prescribed 'in rules provided by 'him in accor other legal process in any matter relating to their official dance with Article 4 of these Regulations. duties. 41.. SelVice·lnsurred Death, Injury oriDness (c) Members of the Group shall remain subject to In the event of death, injury or illness of a member military rules 'and regulations of their respective national of the Group attributable to service with the' Group. the States without derogating from their responsibilities as respective Member State from whose military services the members of the Group as defined in these Regulations and member has come will be responsible for such benefits or any rules made pursuant thereto. compensation awardsas may be payable under the lawsand regulations applicable to service in the armed forces of that (d) Disputes .involving the Group of its members Member State. The Commandershall haveresponsibility for shall be settled in accordance with such procedures arrangements concerning the body and personal property provided by the Executive Secretary as may be required,. and of a deceased memberof the Group. including the establishment 'of a claims commission or . commissions, Supplemental instructions defining the 42. OQpenden1s jurisdiction of such commissions or other bodiesas may be Members of the 'Group may not be accompanied to established shall ,be issued by the Executive Secretary in their duty station'by members of their families- except accordance with Article 3 of these Regulations. where expressly authorised and in accordance with condi tions prescribed by the Commander. ,36. Customs Duties and Foreign Exchan.ge Aegulati ons 43. .eave Members of the Group shall comply with such arrangements regarding customs and foreign exchange The Commander shall provide conditions for the regulations as may be made between the Host State and grantingof passes and leave. ECOWAS. 44. Promotion . 37. Identity Cards Prornoiicns in rank for members of the Group Government~,. The Commander, under the authority of the Execu remain the responsibility of the Participating tive Secretary, shall provide for the issuance and use of personal identity cards certifying that the bearer is a CHAPTER V member of the ECOWAS Ceasefire Monitoring Group. , Members of the Group may be required to present, but not APPLICABILITY OF INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS to surrender, their identity cards upon demand of such authorities of the Host State as may be mutually agreed 45. ObselVance ofConventions between the Commanderand the Host Government. The Group shall observe the principles and spirit of the general international Conventions applicable to the conduct of military personnel. New. 1991 Official Journal of the ECOWAS Vol. 21 7 FINAL COMMUNIQUE BANJUL, THE GAMBIA; BAMAKO, MALI; LOME, TOGO;· ABUJA, NIGER'.Ai 2. Also attending the Session in an observer capacity GENEVA; DAKAR, SENEGAL were STANDI~G lil ESTABLISHMENT OF A MEDIATION The SecretaryGeneral of O.A.U. and COMMlnEE, EXTRACT FROM THE FINALCOMMlJ.. t4IQUE QF THE· AUTHORITY. OF HEADS OF STATE A member of the Liberian Inter-faith Mediation BANJU~. AND GOVERNMENT, GAMBIA. 28-30TH Committee. MAV;1990.·(Paragraph 24)~ 24. The Authority expressed concern over the Incidence '3. The Session was presided over by His Excellency 'of disputes and conflicts amongsome Member States Alhaji Sir Dawda K. j awara, current Chairman of the which have had a. disruptive effect on normal llfe ECOWAS Authority and Chairman of the Community within the Member States concerned and on the Standing Mediation Committee. The Session was convened smooth functioning of the Community. Recallingthe to review the current Liberian crisis and plan appropriate provisions of the Protocol on Non-Aggression of 22 Community action with a view to re-establishing peaceand April, 1978 and with a view to ensuring that peace security in Liberia. and harmony reigned within the sub-region, and encouraging the amicable settlement of inter-state 4. ECOWAS Heads of State and Government havebeen disputes, the Authority established a Standing Media following with grave 'concern the civil war presently raging tion Committee. The Committee shall be composed in the sister Republic of Liberia. At their Banjul Summit of the Member State which is the current Chairman Meeting on 30 May, 1990, they call00 on the warring of the Authority and four others. The composition of parties to observe an immediate cessation of hostilities, to the committee shall be reviewed every three years. put an end to the wanton destruction of life and property The Authority decided that for' the first trleunlum, and to accept the holding of free and fair elections as a the Committee shall be composed of the Chairman of meansof returning peaceand security to Liberia. the Authority {The ~ ambia), Ghana, Mali, Nigeria andTozo. 5. Subsequent to the'Banjul Summit, meaningful consul (II) F'~L COMMUNIQUE OF. THE FIRST SESSION OF tations were held among the MemberStates of ECOWAS . THE COMMUNITY ..STANDING MEDIATION and withthe warring parties and other interested groups of COMMITTEE BANJUL, THE' GAMBIA, 6-7 AUGUST, Liberians. These consultations culminated in the convening 1990 at Ministerial level of a meeting of the ECOWAS Standing The First Session 'of the ECOWAS 'Standing Media Mediation. Committee in Freetown from 5 to 20 july, Committee was held at the.-.tKAIRABA Conference 1990. Despite the great .effort made by that meeting, it did Centre, Banjul on.6 and '7 August, 1990. }rhe Session was not produce the result desired by the people of Liberia attended by the following Heads of State aJ1d~~vernment and the entire international community who have been and/or their accredited representatives .. appealing over a considerabl e period of time for an - His Excellency Alhaji Sir Dawda Kalraba jAWARA -immediate cease-fire. Pr~ident of the Republic·ofTHE GA~1BIA 6. The failure of the warring parties to cease hostilities has led to the massive destruction of property and the His. Excellency Flight-Lt. jerry John RAWLlNG~ Headof State of the Reoubllc of GHANA massacre by all the parties of thousands of innocent civilians includingforeign nationals, women and children, some of whom had sought sanctuary in churches, hospitals, HisExcellency General LansanaCONTE ~~~ss pro~c~ion, Presidentof the Republic 9fGUINEE diplomatic missions and under Red contrary to all recognised standards of civllised behaviour. Worse still, there are corpses lying unburied in the streets of His Excellency General Ibrahim Badamasi cities and towns. which could lead to a seriousoutbreak of BABANGIDA an epidemic. The civil war has also trapped thousands of President of the Federal Republic of NIGERIA foreign nationals, including ECOWAS citizens,without any means of escape or protection. His Excellency Dr. joseph Saidu MOMOH President of the Republic of 51 ERRA LEONE 7. The result of all this is a state of anarchy and the total break-down of law and order in Liberia. Presently. Honourable' Dr. N'goloTRAORE there is a government in Liberiawhich cannot govern and Minister of Foreign Affairs and International contendingfactions which are holdingthe entire population Cooperation, Representing the President of the as hostage, depriving them of food, health facilities and Republic of MALI. .• other basicnecessities of life. Honourable Bitokotipou YAGNINIM Minister of justice. Representing the Presidentof the Tggolese Republic, 41 Nov.______1991 --.:.O~ff.:..:lc.:..:la::..1J.....,:O:,:u.:..:.rn:.::..81 O,_f....th_O....E_C-O_W_A_S Vol._21 8. These developments have traumatised the Liberian parties and other interest groups' to be held as soon as population and greatly shocked the people of the sub possible. Considering the degree 'of mistrust, antagonism region and the rest of the international community. They and division among the popu lation of Liberia that each of have also led to hundreds of thousands of Liberians being the warring parties has created, the Committee urged that displaced and made refugees inneighbouring countries. and the interim government should not be dominated by any the spilling of hostilities into neighbouring countries. one party or faction. It should be a broad-based adminlstra tion, composed of respected Liberian citizens in order to 9. It is against" this background that the Heads of State make it acceptable to the people of Liberia. In this respect, and Government of the ECOWAS Standing Mediation none of the present leaders of the warring partie; should Committee met in Banjul from 6 to 7 August, 1990 where head the interim government and whoever heads it should they decided to assume their responsibility of ensuring that be ineligible to stand for the presidentialelection. peace and stability is maintained within the sub-region and in the Arrican Continent as awhole, for they believe that 15. The interim adminlstratlon shallin the main perform the tragic situation in Liberiaposes a threat to international the task of creating the necessary conditions, includingthe peace and security. Heads of State and'G.ove'rnment of the establishment of an 'independent and acceptable Electoral ECOWAS Standing Mediation Committee, acting on behalf. Commission, for the organisation and supervision of the of the ECOWAS Authority therefore, decided to take the general and presidential elections which should he held following immediate actions aimed at restoring peace ~d within twelve months. The interim administration should stability in Liberia. also facilitate the return of all refugees and political.exil es to enable them participate in the elections. O~ERVANCE AND 'MAINTErJANcE OF CEASE-FIRE 16. The Committee also decided to mandate the 10. Heads of State and Government called on the warring ECOWAS Executive Secretary to appoint·a Special Repre parties to observe an immediatecease-fire. sentative to work in close collaboration with the Comman der of ECOMOG and to assist in'carrying out the ECOWAS 11. An ECOWAS Cease-Fire Monitoring Group operations in Liberia. (ECOMOG) shall be established in Liberia for the purpose of keeping the peace, restoring law and order and ensuring OBSERVATION OF THE GENERAL AND PRESIDEN that the cease-fire is respected. ECQMOG shall be placed TIAL ELECTIO'NS IN LIBERIA under a Commander provided by the RepublicofG hana to be assisted by a Deputy Commander provided by the 17. The Committee proposed that to encourage respect Rep,lblic of Guinea. National'contingents shall be drawn by all political parties for the rules to be established by the from the members of the ECOWAS Standing Mediation Electoral Commission for the conduct of the general and Committee as well as from Guinea and Sierra Leone. presidential elections in Liberia, these elections should be 12. Heads of State and Government called upon the open to international observation.· To this end, the Committee decided that,' at the appropriate time, an entire population of Liberia to cooperate full y with the ECQWAS Observer Group for the Liberian Electionsshould ECOWAS Cease-fire Monitoring Group and to provide it be. constituted to ensure that the proposed elections are with every support and assistance. Heads of State and free and faii Government wish to assure the people of Liberia that the sole purpose of the ECOWAS peace-keeping force is to create the necessary conditions for normal lifeto resume to ESTABLlSfiMENT OF ASPECIAL EMERGENCY FUND the benefit ofall Liberians. FOR ECOWAS OPERATIONS IN LIBERIA 13. Heads of State and 'Government also calledupon the 18. In view of the substantial material and financial entire international community, and in particular, the resourcesthat would be needed by the Community to make permanent members of the United Nations Security the operations of the ECOWAS Monitoring Group Council, to support this humanitarian and political action (ECOMQG) and the Elections ObserverGroup for Liberia by ECOWAS in the interest of the African people as a possible, the Committee decided to establish a Special whole, and for the maintenance of international peaceand Emergency Fund for the ECOWAS operations in Liberia. rerority. . The resources of the Special E-rnergency Fund, which the Committee has estimated at US S50million initially, is LO ESTABLISHMENT OF AN II'JTERIM GOVERniMENT 'IN be generated' through voluntary contributions from LIBERIA ECOWAS Member States, from other African countries and the rest of the international don9.r~_ community. To this end, an urgent appeal is being made to each ECOWAS 14. The Committee re-affirmed its belief that in the interest of restoring peace and stability in Liberia, an Member State and all donor", governments and institutions to contribute generously to the Special Emergency Fund. Interim Government should be established to which power should be transferred in a proper manner. To this end. it DONE IN BANJUL THIS SEVENTH DAY OF AUGUST, called for a national conference of all Liberian political 1990 Nov. 1991 Official Journai of the ECOWAS . Vol. 21 His Excellency Major-General Dr. Joseph iii. FINAL COMMUNIQUE OF THE FIRST Saidu Momoh, EXTRA-ORDINARY SESSION OF THE President of the ~eDublic of Sierra leone. AUTHORITY OF HEAD OF STATE AND GOVERNMENT BAMAKO, MALI, His Excellency GeneralGnassingbe EYADEMA. 27 - 28 NOVEMBER, 1990. Founder-Chairman of the Togolese People's Rally, President of the Togolese Republic The Authority of Heads of State and Government of .the Economic Community of West African States HonourableCommandant FacineTOURE (ECOWAS) held its first-ever Extra-ordinary Session on 27 Minister of Transport and Works, Representing and 28 November, 1990 in Bamako, Republic of Mali, . the President of the Republic of Guinea. under the chairmanship of His..Excellency Alhaji Sir Dawda Kairaba [awara, President of the Republic of The Gambia Honourable Hasni OUlD 0101 and current Chariinan of the Authority. The Session was Mini~ter of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation attended by the following Heads of.State and Government Representing the President of the Islamic er their accredited representatives' Republicof Mauritania. His Excellency General Mathieu KEREKOU, Presidentof the Republicof BEN IN. 2. Present at the Summit as a Special Guest was His Excellency Yoweri MUSEVENI, Presidentof the Republic His Excellency Captain Blaise Cornpaore of Uganda and current Chairman of the Organisation of . Chairman ofthePopular Front, African Unity. Headof State, Headof Gove-rnment, 3. Also attending the Summit in an observer capacity BURKINA FASO. were: HisExcellency Mr. Aristldes Maria PEREI RA, The Representative of the Secretary-General of President of the Republic of CAPE VERDE. the United Nations;and His Excellency Mr. Felix Houphouet BOIGNY, The Regional Representative of the United President of the Republic of C His Excellency Alhaji Sir Dawda Kairaba REPORT OF STANDING MEDIATION COMMITTEE JAWARA, Presidentof the Republicof The GAM~IA 4. The Chairman of the ECOWAS'Standing Mediatio·n Committee, His Excellency Alhaji Sir Dawda Kairaba His Excellency Flight-Lt, Jerry John [awara, submitted a report to the Extra-ordinary Summit RAWLINGS, on the activities of the Committee. The Authority noted Chairman of the Provisional National Defence the report and expressed its appreciation to the members of Council Head of·State·of the' Republic of the Committee for the initiativestaken in findinga peaceful GHANA. resolution to the 'crisis in Liberia It particularly expressed gratitude for the human, financial and material contribu HisExcellency General [oao BernardoVIEIRA, tions these Member States had made on behalf of the Secretary-General of the PAIGC, Community towards the restoration of peace'and stability President of the Republicof GUINEA BISSAU. in Liberia. HisExcellency General Moussa Traore, REVIEW OF THE L~BERIAN SITUATION Secretary-General of the Democratic Union of the Malian People, 5. In reviewing the current situation in Liberia, the Presidentof the Republicof MALI Authority noted that the ECOWAS Ceaseflre Monitoring Group (ECOMOG) had succeeded in establishing calm in HisExcellency General AliSAIBOU, Monrovia and its immediate environs. This measure of Chairman of the Supreme Council for National 'success 'had made it possible for both, ECOMOG, and Orientation, international relief agencies to carry out humanitarian relief Head of State of the Republic of NIGER. work, and for tens of thousands of foreign nationals, including ECOWAS citizens, who had been trapped in His Excellency General Ibrahim Badamasi Liberia without any means of escape or protection,to be BABANGIDA, evacuated. The Authority expressed the hope that President, Commander-in-Chief of the Armed permanent peace and harmony would soon be restored Forces of the Federal Republic of NIGERiA throughout the territory of Liberia. HisExcellency Mr. Abdou DlOUF, Presidentof the Republic of Senegal 43 Nov. 1991 Official Journal ertne ECaWAS Vol. 21 ENDORSEMENT OF ECOWAS PEACE PLAN COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY FOR ECOMOG 6. The Authority endorsed the ECOWAS Peace Plan for 10. Acknowledging that the membership of ECOMOG Liberia, as embodied in the Banjul Communique and had never been closed even though the burden of the Decisions of the Standing Mediation Committee'adopted on implementation of the' ECOWAS Peace Plan has so far 7 August, 1990. The ECOWAS Peace PI~n, among other fallen entirely on the members of the Standirig Mediation things,callsfor: Committee, the Authority appealed to all other Members of the Community able and willing to 'do so, to contribute a,completeceasefire and cessation of destruc forcesto the ECOWAS Ceasefire Monitoring Group in order tion of lifeand property; to enlarge itS peace-keeping cap~bility. ·It also appealed to all ~ember States which have not yet done so to make ECOWAS monitoringofthe ceasefire; generous contributlon to the Special Emergency Fund for the ECOWAS Operation ln Liberia. The Authority further the establishment of ~ broad-based Interim called- upon all other African governments and the rest of Governmentacceptableto the peopleof Liberia; the international community to contribute, to the Special Emergency.' Fund. the holdingof general and presidential elections within twelve months;and 11. , The Authorit,y also considered the necessity for an agreement to be concluded between ECOWAS and the observation or the elections by ECOWAS and future Interim Government of Lib.eria with respect to the other international bodies to ensure that they status and operations of the Ceasefire Monitoring Group are-free andfair .(::COMOG) in Liberia. To this "end, the Authority mandated the Executive Secretary to sign an agreement 7. The Authority noted with satisfaction that the with the future Interim Government of Llberia :after ECOWAS Peace Plan had received the widest acceptance approval by the Chairman of.the Authority. and support from Liberians andthe internationalcommunity SIGNING OF CEASEFIRE AGREEMENT AGREE.MENt' ON INTERIM· GOVERNANCE OF LIBERIA 8. In giving practical effect to this ECOWAS Peace Plan for Liberia, the Authority stressed the urgent' need for a 12. The Authority urgently invited the parties to the comprehensive ,ceasefire to be observed by all the warring conflict in Liberia to enter into a dialogue 'with a view to parties as a necessary condition for the return of peace and reaching a political accommodation for the interim gover normalcy throughout the territory of Liberia. The Autho nance. of Liberia within ,the framework of the ECOWAS ritY therefore warmly commended the two warring parties Peace Plan. The Authority requested the Standing Media - the Armed Forcesof Liberia (AFL) and the Independent tion Committee to 'continue. its efforts in encouraging such National. Patriotic Front of Liberia (INPFL) z: who had an accommodation betweenthem. agreed to observe a ceaseflre and had signed a Ceasefire Agreement in Banjul on 24 OctoDer~1990. REAFFIRMATION OF THE PROTOCOL ON ~ON AGGRESSION .9. At the Extra-ordinary Session of the Authority in Bamako, the National Patriotic Front of Liberia (NPFL) 13. The Authority strongly reiterated the imperative of the third party to the conflict in Liberia - expressed its securing peace and maintaining stability in the ECOW~S 'readiness to join in the searchfor a peaceful solution to the sub-region as "the necessary underpinnings of economic 'co'flict. The Authority noted with pleasure the acceptance co-operation and 'integration for the achievement of by the N.PFL ,and the other warring partles not only of the progress and prosperity in the Community. The Authority .E~OWAS Peace Plan for Liberia as embodied in the therefore considered it most tragicthat while other regions Communique and Decisions of 7 August 1990 of the of the world are making every effort to dismantle the Community Standing Mediation Committee but also their apparatus of war and banish tensions and conflicts from declaration of a ceasefire which shall come into effect their international relations, as evidenced by the widely immediately, The Authority. urged that the details for acclaimed Treaty of Paris recently-signed by governments at the implementation of-the ceaseflre should be worked out the Conference on Security and Co-operation 'in' Europe, as soon as possible. It expressed the sincere hope that this ECOWAS Heads of State and Governemnt were compelled declaration of ceasefire would markthe completecessation to meet in extra-ordinary conferenceto find waysof bring .of all" hostilities as the necessary· foundation for the return ing to an early end the horrors of a civil war in a Member of lasting peace•.stability and politicalaccommodation and State of the Community and containing the threat it poses reconci li 4 tion tl) 'Liberia. to the peece, security and stability of the sub-region. 44 Nov. 1991 Official Journal of th" EC:OWAS Vol. 2. ';v FINAL COMMUNIQUE OF THE THIRD SUMMIT 14. Recalling that it had itself fully recognised the MEETING OF THE COMMUNITY STANDING MEDIA necessity for maintaining the peace and security of the TION COMMITTEE, LOME, 12-13 FEBRUARY, 1991 sub-region early in the life of the Community through the Protocol on Non-Aggression adopted on 22 April 1978, and The ECOWAS StandingMediation Committeeheld its Third Summit Meeting at the Headquarters of,the Togolese believing that the Liberian crisishas given that Protocol a People's Rally in Lome on 12-13 February, 1991 under fresh· validity, the Authority decided to reaffirm the the Chairmanship of His Excellency Alhaji Sir Dawda provisions of the Protect on Non-Aggression and urge all Kairaba JAWARA, President of the Republic of The Member States to fully adhere to their obligations under it. Gambia. The Session was attended by the following Heads In particular, the Authority recalled the commitment by all of State and Government and/or their accredited represen Member States to refrain from committing, encouraging tatives. or condoning acts of subversion, hostility or aggression against any other Member State. It further called on all His Excellency Captain Blaise COMPAORE Member States to refrain from any action which might Chairman of the Pooular Front, Head of State, prejudice or undermine the smooth and speedyimplemen Head Qf Government tation of the ECOWAS Peace Plan for Liberia. BURKINA FASO APPEAL FOR EARLY RETURN OF REFUGEES His Excellency Alh·aji Sir Dawda Kairaba JAWARA 15. The Authority expressed satisfaction at the progress President of the Republic of The GAMBIA so far made towards the restosatlon of peace and security in Monrovia. Conslderlng that -the declaration of ceasefire His Excellency General Moussa TRAORE by the parties. to the conflict enlarges the prospect for the Secretary-General of the Democratic Union of restoration of peace and security throughout Liberia, the the Malian People, President of the Republic of Authority called on all Liberian refugees to plan an early MALI return to Liberia, in order to join their compatriots in assisting the Interim Government in the implementation of His Excetlency General Gnassingbe EYADEMA its programme to return Liberia to democaratic rule. Founder-Chairman of the Togolese People's Rally President of the Togolese Republic APPEAL FOR INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE TO LIBERIA Honourable Mr. D. F. ANNAN Vice-Chairman, Provisional National Defence 16. The Authority made an urgent appeal to the inter Council, representing the Head of State of the national community, particularly its humanitarian relief Republic of GHANA organisations, to step up without further delay, humani tarian relief work in Liberia with special emphasis on the Honourable Admiral Augustus A. AIKHOMU provision of food, medical supplies and clothing. It also Vice-President, representing the President of appealed to the international donor community to the Federal Republic of NIGERIA contribute generously to the efforts of the Interim Govern· ment in the rehabilitation and reconstruction' of the Honourable Mr. Alassane OUAITARA damaged economyof Liberia. Prime Minister, representing the President of the Republic' of COTE O'IVOI RE VOTE OF THANKS Honourable CommandantJeantRAORE 17. The Authority once more warmly commended and Mirfister of Foreign Affairs, representing the congratulated the Chairman and members of the Commu President of the Reoublic of GUINEA nity Standing Mediation Committee for the timely initia tives taken on behalf of the entire Community to assist Honourable Dr. Abdulai Osman CONTEH Liberians in their search for a lasting solution to the ctisis Attorney-General and Minister of Justice, in Liberia. The Authority expressed its appreciationfor the representing the President of the Republic of excellent preparations made by the Committee which SIERRA LEONE facilitated the deliberations of the Extra-ordinary Session. 18. The Authority expressed its sincere gratitude to His 2. Present in Lome for consultations with Heads of Excellency General Moussa Traore, Secretary-General of State and Government werethe following. the Democratic Union of the Malian Peopleand President of the Republic of Mali. and the entire Malian Government For the Interim ~overnment of National Unity and People for the very warm and truly African welcome elected by the National Conference of Liberians -extended to all delegations and for the excellentfacllltles which met in Banjul in August/September 1990~ made available to ensurethe success of Its meetings. Dr:AmosSAWYER. DONE IN BAMAKO THIS TWENTY-EIGHTH DAY OF NOVEMBER 1990. 45 Vol. 21 Nov. 1991 Official Journal of the ECOWAS For the Armed Frocesof Liberia (AFL) RE-AFFI.RMATION OF THE ECOWAS PEACE PLAN Lt. Gen. J. Hezekiah BOWEN 8. The Committee re-affirmed its belief in the principles For the National Patriotic Front of Liberia and objectives set out In the ECOWAS Peace Plan. The (NPFt.); Mr. Charles Ghankay TAYLOR Committee, in particular, recalled: For the Independent National Patriotic Front that the commitment ofthe entire Community of Liberia(INPFL): to a peacefuI and lasting settlement of the Mr. Prince Yeduo jOI-\NSON Liberian crisisis irreversible' that no leader of a warringfaction should head 3. . At the invitation of the Commiteee, the Session was the future interim government:and also attended by a representative of the OAU in an observer capacity. that whoever heads the interim government should not be eligible to contest the ensuing REVIEY4 OF THE LIBERIAN SITUATION presidentialand general.elections. 4. The Summit waspreceded by a Ministerial Meeting of the Committee which took place in Lome on 11 February 1991. The Summit had, as a basis of discussion, the report SIGNING OF THE CEASEFIRE AGREEMENT of the Ministerial Meeting which was presented by its Chairman. 9.. Inview 'of the difficulties that the Technical Sub Commi~tee had encountered during its second meeting at 5. The Committee reviewed developments relating to Monrovia from 18 to 22 JanuarY,1991 with regard to the the Liberian crisis since the first ECOWAS Extra-ordinary negotiation of the modalities for implementing the cease Summit at Bamako in November 1990. It recalled that at fire, t.he Heads of State and Governemnt held consultations the Bamako Extra-ordinary Summit all the three warring with the warring factions during the Summit. The factions had signed a Declaration in which they agreed to Committee expressed its satisfaction with the spirit of observe an immediate ceaseflre to be' monitored by th~ compromise 'and accommodation which was shown and ECOWAS Ceasefire Monltoring Group (ECOMOG). They which led to the adoption and signature of a formal Cease also agreed to work out the modalities for the implemen fire Agreement by all the three warring factions. The tation of the ceaseflre and to resolve their. differences with Committee appealed to ail the parties concerned to regard to an interim government for Liberia as envisaged in manifest this spirit of reconciliation in the subsequent stages of the peace process. the ECOWAS Peace Plan. 10. By this Ceasefire Agrcernerr, the parties have agreec, 6. The Committee was informed of the efforts that had to the confinement of their 'troops to positions to be been made since then to get the warring parties to agree on determined by ECOMOC; in consultation with them. With the practical modalities for the implementation of the regard to the disarming of the: 'troops,the parties havealso ceasefire. In this regard, the Committee noted the joint agreed 'that upon the ·formation of the. future ·interhn Statement signed by the three warring parties at Banjul on government, that government would take appropriate 2"15t December, 1990 in which the factions, among other measures, with the assistance of ECOWAS to start the things, undertook to conclude an agreement on the disarming of their troops .modalities for the implementation of the ceasefire within thirty days. Similarly, the Committee expressed satisfaction 11. The Committee directed the Executive Secretary to at the commitment made by the. warring factions in the take all necessary steps to ensure that ECOMOG forces joint Statement to participate in a National Conference implementeffectively and speedilythe Ceasefire Agreement the purpose of finding a political accommodation for the signed in Lome on 13 February, 1991. throughout Liberia . interim governance of Liberia. in accordance with its provisions in 'order to create appropriate conditions for the convening of a National 7. ' The Committee welcomed the Statement issued 011' Conference of Liberians. 22 january, 1991 by the United Nations SecurltyCouncil on the Liberian situation which had endorsed the ECOWAS Peace Plan, and called on the warring factions to respect their Ceasefire Declaration and to cooperate fully with ECOWAS to restore peace and normalcy in.Liberla, The Statement had also expressed the support of the Security Council for the ECOWAS .appeal to the interna tional community for increased humanitarian assistance to the people of Liberia. 46 Nov. 1991 Official Journal of the ECOWAS I Vol. 21 ENLARGEMENT OF ECOMOG PEACE-I(EEPING, African welcome extended to all delegations and for the CAPABILITY excellent facilities made available' to ensure the success of its meeting. '. 12. The Committee paid glowing tribute to the Member States whlchxnotwlthstandlng their difficult economic DONE IN LOME THIS THIRTEENTH DAY OF situation, had contributed human and material resources'to FEBRUARY. 1991 ECOMOG whose efforts have substantially enhanced the restoration of, peace and normalcy in Liberia. The THE COMMITTEE Committeewarmly we.lcomed the decision of the Govern ment of the Republic' of Mali to contribute forces to ECOMOG operations in Liberia. It reiterated its' belief in the need for other ECOWAS Member States to respond \I, STANDING MEDIATION COMMITTEE EXTRACT without further delay to the appeal made by the Extra FROM THE FINAL COMMUNIQUE OF THE ordinary Session of the Authority in Bamako by contribu AUTHORITY OF HEADS OF STATE AND GOVERN ting troops to.strengthen the capacity ofECOMOG, so that MENT, ABUJA, NIGERIA, 4-6 JULY, 1991 (Paragraphs it can more effectively discharge its peace-keepingfunctions 20-39 and responsibilities in Liberia, and by contributing \al' Standing·Mediation Committee generously .to the Special Emergency Fund for ECOWAS Operationsin Liberia. 20. The Authority took note of the report presented by the Chairman of the Standing Mediation Committee and FORMATION OF AN INTERIM GOVERNMENT commended the members for their tireless al\d painstaking effort; to bring peace and normalcy to Liberia, and for the 13. The Committee recognised the necessity for the immense sacrifices they were making on behalf of the fC?iJnation of.an interim government. acceptable to the Community) both in ~~l'Jla[l and material terms. The people of Liberia, The Committee noted with pleasure the Authority also commended' the men in ECOMOG for their agreement of"air the parties' ~o .participate in the propo-sed effective peace-keeplngrole in Liberia in the face of great National Conference.The Committee therefore directed the odds and difficulties. Executive Secretary to make all necessary arrangements to convene this Conference in Monroviaon 15th March, 1991.. (b) The Vamoussokro Meeting IMPLEMENTATION OF ECOWAS DEFENCE 21. The Authority received a report on a meeting held in PROTOCOLS Yamoussokro on 29 and 30 June, 1991 by the Heads of 14. The Committee noted With satisfaction the call of the State and Government of Burkina Faso. Cote d'ivoire. The Heads of State of the Federal Republic of Nigeria.Senegal Gambia, Nigeria and Togo at the invitation of His and Togolese Republic during' their Tripartite Summit on Excellency Felix Houphouet-Boigny, President of Cote 28 and 29 January, 1991 at Lome, that ECOWAS should cVlvoire: the Authority paid homage to President make the necessary arrangements that would ensure the Houphouet-Bolgny for his initiative and expressed the hope speedy implementation of the provisions of the Protocol on that the spirit of reconciliation born out of the Non-Aggression of 1978 and the Protocol on Mutual Yamoussokro meeting would make it possible for a final Assistance in Defence Matters of 1981. The Committee solution to be found to the Liberian crisis and for lasting expresses its complete agreement with the need to put into .peace to be re-established for-the welfare of the peoples of operation the Community security system as embodied in the sub-region in particular and Africa in general. these protocols in order to zuarantee in the sub-region the 22. The Authority welcomed the' establishment by the peace and security essentialfor the integration and develop- Yamoussokro Meeting .of', .a.;1 Five-Member Committee ment of ECOVIAS Member States. The Cpmrnlttce, there comprisingthe'Heads of State of Cote d'ivoire, The ~mbia, fore requested the Executive. Secretary to make proposals Guinea-Bissau, Senegal and Togo under the Chairmanship for 'achieving the early implementation of these two Proto of- His Excellency President Houphouet-Boigny as an cols, especially the setting up of. the organs 'establlsbed adjunct to the Standing Mediation Committee. The Autho under the Protocols. rity agreed that this Five-Member Committee would work within the framework of the ECOWAS Peace Plan and in this regard commended to it the established practice of the VOTE ,0FTHAN KS Standing Mediation Committee in lnviting the countries neighbouringLiberia to its meetings. 15. The 'Committee expressed its sincere gratitude to His Excellency .General Gnasslngbe EYADEMA, Founder 23. The Five-Member Committee would have as its man Chairman of the Tozolese People's Rally (RPT) and Presi date the monitoring of the non-violation of the cease-fire as dent of the Togolese Republic and the entire Togolese well as the electoral process leadingto the holding of presi Government and People for the very' warm and truly dential and general elections in Liberia within six months. 4] / Nov. 1991 Official Journal of the ECOWAS VOl. 21 24. To this end, the Authority endorsed the requestmade Interim Elections Commission for Liberia..The resources of by the Yamoussokro Meeting to' Mr. Jimmy Carter,former the Fund would be derived from voluntary -contributions President of the United States, for the assistance of the and would be administered by the Interim Elections lnternatlonal Negotiations Network (INN) in monltcrlnz Commission of Liberia. The Authority strongly urged the electoral process. It was also agreed that the Interim Member States and other African countries, to contribute Government of Liberia and the National Patriotic Front of to the Fund A special appeal wac; also made to donor Liberia should undertake. to maintain security in the institutions and governments outsroe Africa. to make respective zones under their control until the beginning of generous contributionsto this Ind. the electoral process. (e) Establishment of an ECOWAS Trust Fund for Liberia I 25. The Authority stressed the need for the Five-member Committee to ensure that a proper environment conducive 29. The Authority recognised the enormous task of re construction tha~ the Republic of Liberia hasto undertake to the holdingof free and fair elections is firmly established as a result of the total collapse of its economic and sociat in Liberia'· before the elections are held,such environment Infrasuucture. In order to -isSlst tne people of Liberia In includes the effective supervision and control of the armed this formidable task of reconstruction the Authority forces belonging to each of the parties, the facilitation of established an ECOWAS Trust fund for the Rehabilitation the repatriation and resettlement of Liberian refugees prior and Reconstruction of Liberia. The resources of the Trust to the elections, and the effective restoration of conditions Fund would be generated throu~ voluntary contributions. necessary to guarantee free movement of persons and un The Authority appealed for generous contributionsfrom all fettered campaigning by the political parties. Considering that the elections are envisaged to be held within a period Member States and other African 'countries as well asfrom of six months, the Authority requested the Committee of the rest of the internatlonalcornmunitv. Five to do everything possible to expedite the creation of these necessary conditions. Recalling the fact that the AII Liberian National Conference had agreed on the composi tion of the Interim Elections Commission the Authority requested the Interim Government of Liberia to expedite VI FINAL COMMUNIQUE OF THE INFORMAL CON~L~ the constltutlon of the Commission to enableit commence TATIVE GROUP MEETING. OF THE ECOWAS its work. COMMITTEE OF FIVE ON' LI·BERIA. GENERA, 8-7 APRIL, 1992 26. The Authority reaffirmed its belief in the need for An informal Consultative Group meeting of the other ECOWAS Member States to respond withoutfurther ECOWAS Committee of Five on Liberia took. place in delay to the appeal made at its Extraordinary Session in Geneva, Switzerland, from 6 to 1 April 1992 at.the invitat Bamako by contributing troops to strengthen the capacity tion and under the Chairmansh ip of His Excellency Felix of ECOMOG so that it could 1'T10re effectively discharge its Houphouet-Boigny ~ President of the Republic of Cote peace-keeping functions and responsibllitles in Liberia. D'ivoire. Present at the meeting were the following Heads of State and Government or their dulv accredited represen tatives. (c) ECOWAS Observer c;rouD for the Liberian Elections His Excell ency Blaise Compaore, 27. As a contribution of the Community towards President of.Faso, Head of Government, Burkina guaranteeing democratic free and fair elections in Liberia, Faso. the Authority established an ECOWAS Observer Group for th~ proposed Liberian elections. Each ECOWAS Memoer HisExcell encyFelix Houphou!t-B.oigny. State was invited to nominate a representative to the Group President of the Republic of Cote d'ivoire and to meet the cost involved. HisExcellency Abdou Diouf President of the Republic of Senegal (d) Establishment of Special Fund for Liberian Elections Commission Honourable Admiral Augustus Aikhomu, Vice-President, representing: the President of the 28. The Authority took note of the creation of an Federal Republic of NiSla-ia. Interim. Electoral Commission by the. All-Liberian National AI~o Conference held in Monrovia in March. 1991. It was 2. presentat the consultations were considered necessary that the Electoral Commission should enjoy independence and freedom necessary to assure lts HisExcellency Dr. AmosC. Sawyer, integrity and inspire public confidence. The. Authority President of' the Interim Government of Liberia. therefore established a Special Emergency Fund for the Mr. Charles taylor, Head of the National Patriotic Front of Liberia (NPFL). 48 Nov. 19 9 1 Official Jou rn al of the ECOWAS Vol. 2 1 6. In the light 'of the forego ing clarificat ions, the OUTCO ME OF OElIBER ATIONS meeting directed the Field Commander of ECOMOG to imp lement the Yamoussoukro Acco rd without any further Developments since the Last Meet ing of the Committee of delay. Five VOTE OF THAN KS 3. The Consulta t ive Group reviewed develop rrents relating to the implcmentation of the Yarnoussoukro 7. The meet ing ex pressed its apprecrauon to His Accord signed on 30 October, 1991. The G roup noted such Excellency Felix Houphouet-Boigny, President of the positive developm ents as the appo intmen t of the membe rs Republic of Cote d' Ivolre. for the reception and hospitalitv of the Interim Elect ions Commission and the ad hoc accorded to all delegat ions and for the facilities made Supreme Court, the completion of reconnaissance visits by available for the meeting. ECOMOG to the area; held f2 y the National Patriotic Front of Liberia (NPFL), and the opening of some of the trunk roads in Liberia. "H owever, many other impor tant aspec ts of the Yamo ussouk ro Accord had remained un implemented, particularly those relating to the establishment of a buffer zone along the Sierra Leone - Liberia border , and the encampment and d isarmame nt of all comba tants. Reaffirmation of the Yanioussoukro Accord ·-.=-,-.--::-.---,--,,.------Hi s Ex ce l l e ncy Blai se Comp aor e 4. The Group's discussion was characterised by a new P r U :i i tI <.' n I o r F Il :'i () spirit of construct ive dialogue. T he Group reaff irmed the 11 ",,,.1 o f oo v'e rome o t val idity of the Yamoussoukro Accord of 30 October, 1991, Burkina , Fa s o ~ as offering the best possible framework for a peaceful 4." 10 -- resolut ion of the Liberian co nflict, for creating the (i>tI> ~ necessary conditio ns of peace and security and the prope r atmosphere .that would conduct free, fa ir and democ ratic elcetions in Liberia. It therefo re called on all the part ies His Exce ll ency concerned, in par t icular the NPF L, to repose trust and Fel ix Hou pho u e t - Bo i gny Pro9iduIll o f l it e Rc p u b t Lc confidence in ECciMOG and to co-operate fully with 0 1 ce es U'-l .V Ol r e - ECOMOG to ensure, without any further delay, the- speedy, uninterru pted and effective implementation of the Accord. 5. The G roup requested the part ies to refrai n from any act or omission 'that might be prejud icial to the irnplerncn tation of the Accord, the meeting agreed to make the following clarificat ions Hi s Exce 1·1 e nc y Ab d o u : I) I o uF Pr e sident of t he Republic . (a) That the buffer zone on the Liberia- Sierra Leone o f S egll l border envisioned by the Accord should be estab lished without further delay. ECOMOG alone shall secure the zone, NPFL May send unarmed observers to the zone, 1I 01l0u r ) 1c Adrni ru IAugu s tu sA.l khomu (b) That all entry and exit points int o and out of Liberia, Vic.o - rvs i d e n t Re I; ' :J l i t h e l'res!"tJcn t in particu lar the seapo rts and airpor ts, shall be p r' ng o f secured by ECOMOG. NPFL may maintain an the e d r a l Repub lic of Ni ge r i a unarmed admi nistrat ive presence at these points through po lice, customs and immigration in the areas under its contro l. (c) That the encampment and disarmament of all comba tants shall be carried out by ECOMOG as envisioned His Exce l lency in the Yamoussouk ro Accord Dr . Amo s C,' Sawye r Pr esiden t o f the I n t er i m (d) That Mr. Charles Tay lor may maintain a personal Go vernment of Libe r i a . security' of company strength equipped only with small arms but without RPGs, C', - t1>J('oC1'/ Mr, ctarl e i 'Taylor Head of the Na t i onal P atrio t t ~ Fron t o f I ; i b e ~ i a (NPFLI 49 Nov. 1991 Official Journal of tho ECOWAS Vol. 21 ANl\rEX The following Ministers for Foreign Affairs attended the meeting. ECOMOG Mr. Djibo KA, Ministerfor Foreign Affairs, Republic PROGRAMME OF IMPLEMENTATION of Senegal. Complementary to the 'activities already carried out Mr. Amara Essy, Ministerfor'Foreign Affairs, in the "Programme of Implementation" in the Yamou Republic of Cote d'ivoire ssoukro accord of 30 October, 1991, the :followingtarget dates are set for,ECOMOG. Ahew date for commencement Major .General Ike Nwachukwu (Rtd). Minister for of ECOMOG operations has been set for 30 April. 1992. to Foreign Affairs. Federal Republic ofNigerfa, ' give time for preparations by all parties to allow for un obstructed encampment and disarmament of the warring Mr. Ibrahima Sylla, Minister for Foreign Affairs, factions and all other activities that will provide an atmo Republic of Guinea. sphere of peace and security fbr the conduct of free and fair elections in Liberia. Mr:. Julio Semedo. Minister for F-oreign Affairs. Republic of Guinea-Bissau. APRIL 1992 Mr.Gabriel B. Matthews, Ministerfor Foreign Affairs, 30 - ECOMOG operations commence. Interim Government of Liberia~ MAY 1992 .Mr. Ahmed Dumbuya. Minister for Foreign Affairs. Republic of Sierra Leone. 6 - ECOMOG completes the occupation of the buffer zone between Liberiaand Sierra Leone. The following Representatives also attended the 11 - All seaports including Buchanan, Greenville and meeting Harper to be secured by ECOMOG. . Mr. Harouna Kouela. Director of Political Affairs, 14 - ECOMOG securesall airports/airflelds.. Republic of Burkina-Faso. 16 - All road blocks maintained by all factions to be Mr. Babacar Diagne, Head of' Political Division. dismantled. Ministry of External Affairs.' Republic of Gambia. . 18 - .Encampment .and disarmamentof aU warringfactions . commences at all selected sites. Documentation 'of Mr. Godwill. Director of Africa-oAU Division. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Ghana. personnel,weapons and ammunition as w~1I as crating and' storaie of weapons at designated centres run con Mr. Sounkalo Sanago, Official at the Ministry,of currently. Foreign Affairs. Republic of Mali. 20 - Confirmatory ECOMOG. patrols commence. Mr. Mensah Akouete, Charge, D'Affaires,Embassy of JUNE 1992 The Republic of Togo in Senegal. 1 - Only ECOMOG and Mr. Charles Taylor's Security Dr. Abbas Bundu, Executive Secretary of ECOWAS) company shall bear arms after 1 June, 1992. and' Major General. Ishaya Bakut, Field Commander, 8 - Completion of encampment/disarmament of . all ECOMOG. f~ctions and crating and documentation of all weapons. VU FINAL COMMUNIQUE OF THE MINISTERIAL' EVALUATION MEETING OF THE ECOWAS OUTCOME OF DELIBERATIONS COMMITTEE OF FIVE. DAKAR,11 MAY, 1992 IMPLEMENTATI·ON OF YAMOUSSOUKRO AND A.Ministerial Evaluation Meeting of the ECOWAS GENEVA AGREEMENTS Committee of Fivewas held .in Dakar on 11 May, 1992 on " the initiative of His Excellency Mr.Abdou Diouf,President of The Republic of Senegal and current Chairman of the 1. The,Evaluation Meeting reviewed the implementation of the Yamoussoukro Agreemen~ which were clarf'ied in Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). Geneva, particularly the execution. of the new programme The MemberStates of the ECOWAS Standing Media of action drawn UP by the Field Commander of ECOMOG tion Committee as well 'as Guinea and Sierra Leone also, which was expected to take effect on 30 April, ,1992. took part in the meeting. 50 Nov. 1~Q1 IOfficial Joum~1 of tl:le ECOWAS Vol. 21- After hearing General Bakut's statement on the progress of operations on the field, the meeting noted with satisfaction.the smooth deployment of the first units of ECOMOG .and the establishment of a buffer zone on the Liberian side of the border between Sierra Leone and Liberia in accordance with the established programme. The meeting was also informed that the deployment of the other troops tn the interior of Liberia was being pursued along with the establishment of the buffer zone. 2. The meeting appealed to all the Liberian factions to comply with the agreements of Yamoussoukro, as clarified by the Geneva Summit, and to work together with ECOMOG towards the complete implementation of the programme. 3. While examining the situation in the sub-region, the meeting noted the change of government that had just taken place in Sierra Leone and expressed the wish that the new authorities of that country would give their full support to ensure the success of the ECOMOG mission. 4. The meetingnoted with satisfaction the support given by the United Nations Organization to the efforts being made by ECOWAS with a view to restoring peace in liberia, particularly, the declaration made by the Chairman of'the Security Council on 8 May, 1992 in New York. 5. The meeting noted the progress achieved in the area of multi-party democracy in the West Afri~an Sub-Region in conformity with the Abuja Declaration of political principles' and welcomed the decision taken by the new authorities of Sierra Leone to restore democracy in their country within the shortest possible time. 6. The meeting decided to hold the next Evaluation Meeting in Monrovia on a date to be fixed later. 7. VOTE OFTHANKS The participants in the Evaluation Meetillg expressed their gratitude to His Excellency- Mr. Abdou Diouf, President of The; Republic '-d"'Se~egalf\ for the warm welcome and hospitality accorded to the delegations and for the excellentfacilities placed at thelrdisposal. I DONE' IN DAKfR ON ·11 MAY 7992 " FOR THE M~';V~' (SI.GNED) MR. DJIBO KA, MIN1STER FOR FdR EI GN A FF A IRS REPUBLIC OF SENEGAL, CHAIRMAN~