688 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD:-HOUSE FEBRUARY 8 ADJOURNMENT TO THURSDAY Col. -wnuam Heiny Donaldson, .Jr. (lieu­ Col. Horace Harding (lieutenant colonel, tenant colonel, Coast Artillery Corps), Army Field. Artillery), Army of the . . Mr. BARKLEY. As in legislative ses­ ' of the United States. Col. Alvan Cleveland Kincaid (lieutenant sion, ·1 move that the Senate adjourn Col. ·Robert Welis Harper (major, Air colonel, Air Corps;· . temporary colonel, Air until Thursday next. Corps; temporary lieutenant colonel, Air Corps),· .Army of the United States. The motion was agreed to; and (at Corps; temporary colonel; Army of the United Col. Pierre Mallett (lieutenant colonel, 2 o'clock and 57 minutes p. m.) the Sen­ States, Air Corps), Army of the United States. Field Artillery), Army of the United States. ate adjourned until Thursday, February Col. Jonathan Lane Holman (lieutenant Lt. Col. Paul Everton Peabody, Infantry. 11, 1943, at 12 o'clock noon. colonel, Ordnance Department), Army of the Col. James Cave Crockett (lieutenaut colo­ . ' United States. nel, Infantry), Army of the Uniteu States. . Col. Paul Edmund Burrows (lieutenant TEMPORARY APPOINTMENT IN THE ARMY OF THE NOMINATIONS colonel, Air Corps; temporary colonel, Air UNITED STATES Corps), Army of the United States. Executive nominations received b~· the Col. John Kirkland Rice (lieutenant TO BE MAJOR GENERAL Senate February 8, 1943: colonel, Infantry), Army of the United States. Brig. Gen. Harry Hubbard Johnson (lieu­ TEMPORARY APPOINTMENTS IN THE ARMY OF Col. Jens Anderson Doe (lieutenant colonel, tenant colonel, Cavalry, National Guard of THE UNITEIJ STATES Infantry), Army of the United States. the United States), Army of the United TO BE LIEUTENANT GENERALS Col. John Gordon Williams (lieutenant S~ates. IN THE NAVY Maj. Gen. Walter Krueger, United States colonel, Air Corps; temporary colonel, Air Army, now invested with ·the rank and title Corps), Army of the United States. The following-named captains to be rear of lieutenant g2neral by virtue of his assign­ Col. Edwin Eugene Schwien (lieutenant admirals in the Navy, for temporary service, ment to command thP. ·Third Army. colonel, Cavalry), Army of the United States. to rank from the date stated opposite their Col. William-Donald Old (major, Air Corps; names: Maj. Gen. Millard Fillmore Harmon (colo­ temporary lieutenant colonel, Air Corps; Richard L. Conolly, July 11, 1942. nel, Air Corps), Army of the United States. temporary colonel, Army of the United Frank J. Lowry, August 27, 1942. TO EE MAJOR GENERALS States, Air Corps), Army of the United States. Ralph W. Christie. November 9, 1942. Brig. Gen. Joseph May Swing (lieutenant Col. Alexander Oscar Gorder (lieutenant colonel. Fi~!

.... . :.·· 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 691 Mr. LAMBERTSON. On Friday after­ The American Council on Public Af­ Mr. FULBRIGHT. Mr. Speaker, I ask noon while. we were real busy here the fairs sets out in that issue five things unanimous consent to extend my own re­ gentleman made some request about the about the American people, and it says: marks in the RECORD and include therein observance of Washington's birthday. 1. That with Pearl Harbor having blasted a speech I made last week. Mr. RANKIN. Yes; that is right. the Nation's illusions as to security against The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Mr. LAMBERTSON. I did not get the attack, the American people are today intel­ the request of the gentleman from Ar­ name, and I am not informed now and lectually invincible. · · · kansas? do not care to be, but I am wondering Then they proceed to set forth four or There was no objection. if it is really important that we observe five additional points and Mr. Schnap- . SILVER Washington's Birthday any more for the per, executive secretary of the council, duration. makes this statement: Mr. SULLIVAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask Mr. RANKIN. Certainly it is. unanimous consent to address the House All things considered, the American pub­ for 1 minute. Mr. LAMBERTSON. Further reserv­ lic has been superbly armed with the facts ing the right to object, and I feel kindly during the past year. It has the benefit of The SPEAKER. Is there objection to to the gentleman-- constant and detailed information about the request of the gentleman from Mr. RANKIN. The gentleman from every major aspect of its participation in Nevada? [Mr. STARNEs] is going to read the war. · As a result, the American people There was no objection. Washington's Farewell Address to the are today fulfilling their responsibilities with Mr. SULLIVAN: Mr. Speaker, as the· House on February 22. a determination based upon facts rather lone representative of the silver State of than · upon . They understand Nevada, I appeal to you to reconsider Mr. LAMBERTSON. Did not the the fundamental issues of the war far more gentleman from Alabama and the than is generally appreciated. the silver amendment that was adopted gentleman from Mississippi both vote for by the Committee of the Whole on last the third term? I bring up this point in connection Friday. If you recall, it was the silver Mr. RANKIN. We certainly did not with our liability to the country and to taken out of the mines of the Comstock vote for Wendell Willkie. Please do not its war effort in paying those taxes as­ lode, Virginia City, that saved the credit insult us by that question. It is bad sessed against us in 1942 and which we of this Nation during the Civil War. The enough for the Republicans to have to are now able to pay. I cannot under­ amendment that was adopted on last listen to it. stand why the men and women of this Friday is. purely in the interest of the Mr. LAMBERTSON. Well, you had country who are able to pay and who silver manufacturers of this country. Norman Thomas on the ballot. participated in that income now want to They can get all the silver they want if Mr. RANKIN. Now, the gentleman duck the responsibility of· paying that they will pay the Government the same says something about Norman Thomas. tax. I hope this Council on Public Affairs price the Government is paying for the. That may have been an outlet for his will look into that particular phase of the silver. We ,all know they make a net outraged feelings, but did he take ad­ tax payment proposition. We now have profit when they manufacture and sell vantage of it or did he eat the crow? over 39,000,000 nonagricultural workers their goods. I appeal to you to consider Mr. LAMBERTSON. On advice of on the pay rolls of our industry and eco­ changing your vote when the question counsel, I refuse to answer·. nomic activities. For all manufacturing again comes to a vote on the floor of Mr. RANKIN. The gentleman is bog­ industries-war and civilian-weekly the House:. If silver is allowed to remain ging down very fast. hours averaged 44 a week in November as it is, it will save the credit of this Mr. LAMBERTSON. I have a high as compared with 43.6 in October, and Nation in this war. If I had my way I regard for the gentleman from Alabama, 40.3 in November 1941. Hourly earnings would prohibit the coining of all one­ but I would like to know if he is just going of 89.9 cents were 1.2 cents above the dollar bills and make everybody use silver to give us a little elocution when he preceding month. Our people have to dollars. reads the Farewell Address, some tinkling their credit in our banks over $74,000,- [Here the gavel fell.] symbol and sounding brass in it. Does 000,000 of demand and time savings de­ INVESTIGATION OF ACTS OF EXECUTIVE he believe what is in the Farewell Ad­ posits-this includes individuals, part­ . AGENCIES nerships, and corporations. Fifty mil­ dress? Is he going to put his heart in it? Mr. SABATH, from the Committee on Mr. RANKIN. The gentleman from lion of our people have an equity of over $16,000,000,000' in savings bonds and Rules, submitted the following privileged Alabama and I believe a great deal more about 25,000,000 pay rollees participated resolution Halleck Myers ~ t from such overtime services to be deposited Buckley Hancock Norton tend my remarks in the RECORD and in­ as a refund to the appropriation from which Capozzoli Harris, Va. O'Leary clude a radio address. such overtime compensation is paid, in ac­ Cae.e Heffernan O'Toole The SPEAKER. Is there objection? cordance with the provisions of section 524 Celler Johnson, Pfeifer There was no objection. of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended; for Clark J. Leroy Pracht the cost of s~ure, storage, and disposition of Cochran Kearney Ramey Mr. HARNESS. Mr. Speaker, I ask any merchandise, vehicle and team, automo­ Crosser Kennedy Richards unanimous consent to extend my re­ Disney Landis Rivers bile, boat, air or water craft, or any other con­ Domengeaux LRne Rockwell marks in the RECORD and include a letter veyance seized under the provisions of the Drewry Larcade Scott that I have written to the Department customs laws, for the purchase of arms, am­ Ellis Lewis, Colo. Somers of Agriculture. munition, and accessories; not to exceed Elmer Luce To we The SPEAKER. Is there objection? $665,108 for personal services in the District Engel McGranery Treadway of Columbia exclusive of 10 persons from the Fay McGregor Wasielewski There was no objection. Fish McKenzie Welchel, Ohio Mr. STEFAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask field force authorized to be detailed under Ford McLean section 525 of the Tariff Act of 1930, $22,481,- unanimous consent to extend my re­ 585: Provided, That the offices of 7 comp­ The SPEAKER. On this call 376 Mem­ marks in the RECORD and include a letter. trollers of customs, with annual salaries ag­ bers have answered to their names, a The SPEAKER. Is there objection? gregating $43,950, are hereby abolished. The quorum. There was no objection. duties imposed by law and regulations upon 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 693 the comptrollers of customs, their assistants do not recall any reason in the hearings the entire Committee on Appropriations and deputies, are hereby transferred to, im­ how we could afford to make such a cut .to specify with absolute certainty posed upon, and continued in positions- now $2,000,000 established in the Customs Service by or pur­ as as proposed by the gentle- whether or not each particular item in suant to law, as the Secretary of the Treasury rna~ • · this huge Customs Service ought to be by appropriate regulations shall specify; and On the floor today I waited during his cut down a specified amount. We must he is further authorized to designate the presentation of this matter to find out operate by rule of thumb, as I remember title by which such positions shall be officially where he thought it could be cut and the President once said. You simply known hereafter. The Secretary of the Treas­ why and what specific services of the cannot do it any other way. We make ury. in performing the duties imposed upon .Customs Bureau should be curtailed. He lump sum appropriations and must re­ him by this paragraph, shall administer the made no such definition. He did not duce them the same way. same in such manner that the transfer of duties provided hereby will not result in the analyze it. The fact remains that he Now why has the gentleman from New establishment of any new positions in the just offers a blank cut, simply on general York [Mr. TABER] offered this amend­ Customs Service. principles. ment before the committee this after­ Now, the gentlemen who testified be­ noon? Let me call your attention to the Mr. TABER. Mr. Chairman, I offer fore our committee were ·very frank in fact that subsequent to tnese hearings the following amendment which I send their statements. They said certain of and subsequent to their printing we to the desk. their work had fallen off, but they had called before our subcommittee the rep­ The Clerk read as follows: many other new duties imposed upon resentatives of the Bureau of Foreign Amendment offered by Mr. TABER: Page 15, them. There is the censorship duty in FUnds Control and representatives of lines 22 and 23, strike out "$22,481,585" and connection with travelers going out of the Alien Property Custodian. Some­ insert "$20,481 ,585." the United States. There is the policing times a little thing will pop up when you Mr. TABER. Mr. Chairman, this is of exports and imports. The border­ least expect it. When the appropriation an effort to save $2,000,000 to the Treas­ patrol work has increased materially. for the Foreign Funds Control was un­ ury of the United States by reducing the They had to put on 600 new gua.cds. I der consideration, at this hearing Mr. appropriations for customs by approxi­ cannot see where this proposed amend­ Paley, head of that Division, testified, mately 10 percent. The work of the cus­ ment is justified on facts. and it is notable that in connection with toms has gone away down. The collec­ Not only that, there are a great many his testimony, and it must appear in the tions are not more than a third of what promotions and increases in pay under printed hearings when they are avail­ they were a couple of years ago, and the Ramspeck bill, all of which have able, that he told our subcommittee of there are no importations of any great been absorbed by the Department in the tremendous amount of work which amount coming into the country at this asking for what they had last year. Due his organization was doing, and he re­ time-a very small amount from Eng- to the fact that their personnel is busily ferred to the fact that they had utilized ·land, and a small amount from South engaged working on Government -work­ much of the personnel of the Bureau of America. I am getting verbal reports and no one is complaining that they are Customs. He said, "It is well known that from all over the country to the effect loafin'g and not doing their job-that the work of the Bureau of Customs has their duties have increased during the greatly receded," or words to that ef­ that employees of the Customs Service fect, and that they could. take the per­ do not have enough to do to keep them war, I fail to see the logic of trying to busy, and that many of them are idle. make an automatic cut. I think when sonnel of the Bureau of Customs and use we cut in this way we are not acting the it in Foreign Funds Control work with­ The committee has cut the item only out interfering with the work of the Bu­ $43.000. It could really stand a cut of way we should act with reference to ,per­ sonnel matters and expenditures. Let reau of Customs. 20 percent instead of 10 percent, but I Now I am not attempting to quote his am being very careful about what I am us be able to know where .and why a thing should be cut and not just cut it. testimony exactly, but any member of submitting here and for that reason I the subcommittee who was there-and am asking for only 10 percent, $2,000,- I thit;lk for that reason and many others the amendment should not be they are all present-can take exception 000. Let us save $2,000,000 which can be adopted. to what I have said if it is not the fact. done without the slightest impairment Mr. WILSON. Mr. Chairman, will the You will find that despite the fact of service, simply putting those people in gentleman yield? that imports into this country have gone the Customs Service who do not have Mr. O'NEAL. I yield to the gentleman right straight down according to the enough to do at work somewhere else. . from Indiana. findings of the Bureau of Customs which The Customs Service can get along with­ Mr. WILSON. The gentleman just is affected by this bill, that the bill car­ out so many people, and these people said their duties have been increased ries substantially $2,000,000 more in ap­ can be sent to those departments of the during the war. Will the gentleman propriations than has been requested Government which have not any duties kindly point out specific instances on since 1920. It is the largest appropria­ as a result of the war. which we could base our judgment as to tion by nearly two millions, the Bureau It is our duty to see that the man­ whether or not their duties have in­ of Customs has asked for since 1920, and power of the Nation is conserved. The creased? this in face of the fact that it appears only way we can do it is to fail to provide Mr. O'NEAL. The statement of these conclusively to me from the hearings fl111ds to keep people in positions who responsible officials is that their duties that the work of the Bureau of Customs are not needed. have increased; that they put on 600 has subsided very, very much. I hope that this amendment will be new men, and that they have duties now If you will turn to page 331 of the hear­ ajopted. which they did not have before war was ings you will observe that in 1942 they [Here the gavel fell.] declared. had 8,309 employees in this Bureau; 1,879 Mr. O'NEAL. Mr. Chairman, I rise in [Here the gavel fell.] are inspectors; 1,113 are guards; and opposition to the amendment. Mr. KEEFE. Mr. Chairman, I rise in 5,317 are in other categories. They can Mr. Chairman, it is not difficult in an support of the amendment. absorb a cut of $2,000,000 in the Customs appropriation bill of this character to Mr. Chairman, the distinguished gen­ Service without in any way interfering make just general statements and say, tleman from Kentucky [Mr. O'NEAL] with the work of the Customs inspectors "Now, we shculd cut it," and not be spe­ would have the author of this amend­ or the guards; they can absorb this cut cific. The gentleman from New York ment reduce it to a bill of particulars and save $2,000,000. That is what the [Mr. TABER] is one of the most valued and to specify the exact place in this ap­ amendment offered by the gentleman Members of this House. He is always propriation where a reduction can be from New York proposed to do. careful, he is always practical, and in made. I have too much confidence in Mr. LUDLOW. Mr. Chairman, I rise in the committee there is very little dis­ the ability of the gentleman from Ken­ opposition to the amendment and to sup­ agreement in getting together on any tucky to expect that he is really serious plement the strong presentation made cut that is justified. However, in dis­ about that. He knows that in the ap­ by my colleague from Kentucky [Mr. cussing this item in the committee I do propriating machinery and technique .it O'NEAL]. not recall that the gentleman from New would be impossible, with the limited fa­ It is traditional in the Customs Service York offered any such amendment. l cilities at hand, for this subcommittee or that the amount of personnel required 694 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE FEBRUARY 8 is not based on the volume of customs by or pursuant to law to be administered by I have here a letter from Mr. Herbert receipts, but on the number of transac­ or under the direction of the Commissioner M. Bratter, who is a student of the silver of Internal Revenue, including one stamp question, located at 3000 Thirty-ninth tions; that is what they always tell us. agent (to be reimbursett by the stamp manu­ I direct your attention to page 327 of the facturers) and the employment of experts; Street NW ., Washington, D. C. The let­ hearings where is set forth in detail the the securing of evidence of violations of the ter is dated February 7, 1943, and readS customs transactions for 5 consecutive acts, the cost of chemical analyses made by as follows: years, including the last fiscal year, 1942. others than employees of the United States WASHINGTON, D. C., Februm·y 7, 1943. Looking at that you will find that in and expenses incident to such chemists testi­ Han. DANIEL A. REED, nearly every category of the Service there fying when necessary; telegraph and tele­ House of Representatives, has been an increase in transactions. phone service, postage, freight, express, neces- Washington, D. C. However, small a transaction may be, it . sary expenses incurred in making investiga­ DEAR CONGRESSMAN REED: In respc;mse to tions in connection with the enrollment or your request on the phone today, I am pleased requires as much personal service as one disbarment of practitioners before the Treas­ to give you below my comment on the argu­ involving a much larger amount. This ury Department in internal-revenue matters, ments made on the floor by silv~r-State Con­ table shows that the total number of expenses of seizure and sale, and other neces­ gressmen in opposing the Celler-Wolcott persons who entered the country in 1942 sary miscellaneous expenses, including steno­ amendment to the bill H. R. 1648. was 39,798,676 as against 36,900,584 in graphic reporting services; for the acquisition It is interesting to note that the silver 1941-and immigration cases have not of property under the provisions of title ill Congressmen no longer de~end the .ilver pro­ of the Liquor Law Repeal and Enforcement gram on m·1netary grounds, but frankly been the least of the transactions in­ Act, approved August 27, 1935 (49 Stat. volving the Service. In nearly every cat­ classify it as a subsidy to mining, which after 872-881), and the operation, maintenance, 10 years of silver buying puts the discussion egory the number of transactions has and repair of property acquired under such on the level where it belongs. increased instead of diminished. In ad­ title ill; for the purchase (not to exceed 34), The silver spokesmen, in opposing the Cel­ dition to that, you will find that the hire, maintenance, repair, and operation of Ier-Wolcott amendment, asserted that the Customs Service as a result of the na­ motor-propelled or horse-drawn passenger­ silver subsidy is necessary as a war measure, tional situation has taken on a new juris­ carrying vehicles when necessary, for official because it is in reality a subsidy to the diction; it has had censorship added to use of the Alcohol Tax and Intelligence Units miners of copper, lead, and zinc, with which its other duties. in field work; pri:q.ting and binding (not to . three metals most United States-mined sil­ exceed $1,606,850); and the procurement of ver is pr•Jduced. Thus, Congressman RoB­ Mr. TABER. Mr. Chairman, will the such supplies, stationery (not to exceed INSON of Utah told the House (CoNGRESSIONAL gentleman yield? $675,800), equipment, furniture, mechanical RECORD, p. 677) : Mr. LUDLOW. I yield. devices, laboratory supplies, periodicals, and "A vote for this amendment is a vote to Mr. TABER. The table of customs newspapers for the Alcohol Tax Unit, am­ stop the mining of copper, lead, and zinc transactions shows a reduction in the munition, lawbooks and books of reference, * • * it is absolutely necessary to have number of persons entering the country and such other articles as may be necessary, so much money for silver in order to mine $94,821,735, of which amount not to exceed copper, to mine zinc, and to mine lead. from 52,000,000 in 1938 to 39,000,000 in $11,111,885 may be expended for personal 1942. • * • Do away with all this monetary services in the District of Columbia: Provided, talk * * * ·about silver as money, wipe Mr. LUDLOW. Yes; but it shows also That not more than $100,000 of the total that off the books if you want to, but • • • an increase for 1942 over 1941. amount appropriated herein may be expended are you willing to stop the mining of cop­ Mr. TABER. Very little. by the Commissioner of Internal Revenu.e for per, to stop the mining of zinc, to stop the Mr. LUDLOW. The jurisdiction of detecting and bringing to trial persons guilty .mining of lead, when you know these min­ the Customs Service has been greatly of violating the internal-revenue laws or erals are necessary in order to win the war?" enlarged, for it has taken on censorship. conniving at the same, including payments The same argument was made by Congress­ for information and detection of such man MURDOCK, Congressman WHil'E, Con­ There has been a great increase of work violation. at Miami, Fla., where the daily arrival gressman ROCKWELL, Congressman CHENO­ of planes has reached 80 according to Mr. REED of New York. Mr. Chair­ WETH, etc. What is the answer? man, I move to strike out the last word. In the first place, a very large part of our the testimony set out on page 326 of the production of copper, lead, and zinc does hearings; and, as Mr. O'Neal has said, Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous con­ not depend on silver in any way, because they have been obliged to increase their sent to proceed out of order. any silver content of the ore is insignificant. guard force by some 600 men throughout The CHAffiMAN. Without objection, As to the remaining copper, lead, and zinc the Service. You will find that state­ it is so ordered. production, this is already directly and amply ment on page 321. There was no objection. subsidized by the premium price plan, If you just want to cut these bills gen­ Mr. REED of New York. Mr. Chair­ which the Office of Price Administration and man, on Friday I took the floor and made the Metals Reserve Company introduced on erally without any regard to rhyme or January 13, 1942, to last for 2¥2 years, or reason YQU can, of course, do it, but you the statement that during the period through July 1944. Under that plan the will be cutting this Service far below its from 1936 to 1940, inclusive, there were Metals Reserve Company, through October actual requirements if you adopt this exported from this country to Japan 1942, paid out premiums of $12,573,000. What amendment; there is no doubt about it. 717,277,918 pounds of refined copper, does this plan provide? Mr. Chairman, I ask that this amend­ and in the course of my· remarks I said The premium price plan provides that all ment be defeated. further that we had exported during that mine out}.Jtlt of copper, lead, and zinc above same period 36,000,000 pounds of scrap that which could be reasonably expected from The CHAffiMAN. The question is on a mine is paid for as follows: · the amendment offered by the gentleman copper; that the school children are now requested to bring their pennies to school Copper, 17 cents a pound. instead of the from New York. ceiling of 12 cents. The question was taken; and on a in order to make up for the great defi­ Zinc, 11 cents a pound, instead of the ceil­ division (demanded by Mr. LUDLOW) ciency re~ulting from the export of cop­ ing of 8~ cents. there were-ayes 116, noes 69. per to Japan which she is now using to Lead, 9 ~ cents a pound, instead of the Mr. LUDLOW. Mr. Chairman, I de­ battle our boys in the Pacific. I was ceiling of 6¥2 cents. · mand tellers. urging in those remarks that our sii.ver Instead of ceiling prices, for all output be put to work now as a fighting metal above the quota fixed for a mine, that mine Tellers were ordered, and the Chair receives stratosphere prices. And note, too, appointed as tellers Mr. LUDLOW and to overcome this deficiency in copper, to replace it. that for some mines the quota is fixed at Mr. TABER. zero, thus giving the premium on the entire The Committee again divided; and the I was talking, of course, on the Celler output. teller reported that there were-ayes amendment, as amended by Mr. WoL­ Concerning the adequacy of the premium 158, noes 92. COTT's· amendment. price plan without the additional aid of a So the amendment was agreed to. When the men who opposed the silver subsidy to bring out copper, lead, and The Clerk read, as follows: amendment took the floor they pointed zinc we- have- the significant testimony of a out that if we failed to mine the silver War Production Board official, Mr. Harvey BUREAU OF INTERNAL REVENUE we would cut down the supply of copper Anderson; before the House Committee on Salaries and expenses: For salaries and ex­ Coinage, Weights, and Measures on Decem­ penses in connection with the a.<:Jsessment and these various other minerals which ber 3, 1942 (pp. 29-30), testified: and collection of internal-revenue taxes and were essential to the war. I was in­ "The survey made of prices of copper shows the administration of the internal-revenue terested in that, so I called an expert with a 12-cent ceiling originally established laws, including the administration of such on Sunday and asked him to write me - Wf! would bring out slightly over 90 percent provisions of other laws as are authorized a letter with reference to that situation. of the potential copper that could be pro- 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 695 duced in the country; with a bonus per­ receiving sets. Out of the first 234 tabu­ ings program publicity, does not pay any­ mitting· payments up to 17 cents * * • lated, the report is that in a very small we could bring out somewhere around 90 or thing for radio announcements and radio 95 percent of the maximum total produc­ area 384 radio sets are now out of use programs which the stations use. The tion; and beyond that further price increase or soon will be. Forty listeners men­ Department has prepared radio an­ offered as a stimulus to the operator for tioned the time that their machines have nouncements and there is a little printing producing largely Is bringing out relatively been out of use as follows: expense, but the radio stations have not small amounts of high-priced copper. * * • One, 6 months. charged the Government 1 cent for mil­ "There is [already] a financial Incentive Four, 5 months. • lions of dollars' worth of free publicity for a mine to turn out just as much copper Eight, 3 months. which has gone to our people over many as it can." Twenty-five, 2 months. In conne_ction with financial inducements, of these stations. note further that the Revenue Act of 1942 Two, 2 weeks. I am not prepared to say that zinc exempts from the - excess profits tax any Radio is a valuable and absolutely nec­ or other materials which go into the bonus payments made by the Government essary part of the life of the people of construction of a radio battery are so under the premium price plan. The act also my district. The people there are most scarce that we must now discontinue permits deduction from the income subject patriotic. They have sent their sons to service for the people who have no means to excess profits tax of certain proportions war. With less than the needed amount of receiving absolutely necessary news of the earnings that come from production of farm help, they have produced a rec­ over the radio other than battery receiv­ in exce~s of 1936-39 average production. Thus, the mining industry has been ac­ ord-breaking amount of food. They are ing sets. I feel that the situation is so corded material financial inducement preparing to follow the suggestions of serious that immediate attention should through the tax law. our Government to plant more and more be given to it in order that something To sum up, the proper way to subsidize in order to raise more crops, and to pro­ be done, if that is at all possible, to give copper, lead, and zinc production for war duce more meat to feed our fighting these people some immediate assistance. purposes is directly, as is being done, and men, our allies and our own civilian If some assistance could be given to not through unnecessary additions to the population. The work of our farms will them now. I am sure that we will not Treasury's stock of monetary silver, Im­ be more important than ever before in only be aiding them to continue to receive pounded by statute at West Point and else­ the radio service to which they are en­ where. On the contrary, the legal bars to the the history of our country during the use by war industries of the silver already corning planting time and the time when titled, but we will be doing a service to so impounded should be repealed by Con­ harvest approaches. The farmer, his our war effort by keeping thousands of gress. wife, and children are and will continue people fully inforrn(d, whereas, if the Yours very truly, to be the busiest people in our land. service is discontinued, our Government HERBERT M. BRATTER. They will work from the early dark will lose the attention of some of the most patriotic people in our land. Do Mr. STEFAN. Mr. Chairman, I move hours of the morning until far into the night without regard to minimum hours not forget that a radio receiving set is to strike out the last three words. or minimum wages. Their time is just as almost as necessary on a farm today as Mr. Chairman, we are discussing met­ precious as is the time of the factory or is a plow. als. If conditions that exist in northeast the office in the cities. They must depend Mr. CURLEY. Mr. Chairman, it is Nebraska respecting the procurement of upon information about conditions of with temerity and due humility that I radio batteries are general throughout roads, weather, markets, and so forth, have this day filed a resolution request­ the United States, thousands of radio which is so vitally important and neces­ ing the President of the United States. listeners who must depend upon battery sary to keep the farm business going. Franklin Delano Roosevelt, to take up receiving sets will be cut off from valu­ These farmers have conducted their with the Lend-Lease Administrator the able radio service. business in spite of the fact that they face question of increasing the allocation of Hundreds of owners of battery re­ this labor shortage and have faced a lend-lease materials to from 2 ceiving sets in northeast Nebraska can­ shortage of farm machinery and repairs percent, which it is at present, to 10 per- not get batteries. One radio station has for that machinery. Many of them cent. - told its listeners that because zinc is would like -to have their farms electrified I have no quarrel with the Lend-Lease needed so badly for war purposes it may through the extension of R. E. A., which Administration for their allocations of be impossible for them to get batteries, had to be curtailed because we could 77 percent of the money available in 1942 and as a result a great many letters have get no more copper and other material to the of Great Britain been received indicating that large num­ for projects, even those partially com­ and Northern Ireland and 17.7 percent to bers of radio receiving sets have already pleted. Now, hundreds of them have a . Unquestionably due in no small been put out of use. just complaint because they cannot get part to these allocations are the glori­ There are hundreds of families in my a battery to keep the medium of infor­ ous victories that have been achieved by district who do not have electricity. mation-the radio receiving set-in con­ the Russian people and a large measure Many of them have applied for R. E. A. dition to get the valuable reports which of the success achieved by Great Britain hook-up. In some parts of my district are so necessary to keep the farm fully but I belie.ve that equally great success the poles, insulators, and transformers informed on conditions as they exist in would be possible of accomplishment have been installed, but, due to the in­ our country and elsewhere, the progress provided a more equitable proportion of ability to get copper conductors, these of the war, markets, and weather and lend-lease materials were sent to China, projects must wait over until after the road conditions. These farmers listen which has received but 2 percent of the war for completion. This means that carefully to the Government-planned total; and of this 2 percent, less than hundreds of people who have planned to programs on drives for the sale of bonds cne-fourth o:" the total of 2 percent, or convert their battery receiving sets to and other matters so vital for the suc­ a half' of 1 percent, ultimately was re­ electric-powered sets will have to rely on cessful prosecution of the war. They in­ ceived by the Chinese forces. battery sets for the duration. vest heavily in bonds and the Treasury When we consider the accomplish­ A very great number of families that Department is largely dependent upon ments of the Chinese people durinE:S the depend solely on radio for news and in­ the information which the radio stations past 12 years, fighting not only an· ex­ formation are threatened with the dis­ broadcast regarding the bond sales and ceptionally well-organized nation, the continuation of this service because they other matters. Should the radio stations Jgpanese, but fighting the scourge of can get no batteries, and the result will lose hundreds of thousands of listeners famine, which in one province in the be that radio stations will lose thousands because these listeners can no longer year 1930 resulted in the death of six upon thousands of listeners. get batteries for their receiving sets, and a half millions of persons, and this There are many farmers in my dist1:ict our Government departments that de­ famine more responsible than any other who do not take newspapers, who do not pend upon the radio stations to furnish agency for the development of the cruel have telephones, and who have depended that information t'o these listeners, will bands of brigands which left a trail of entirely on radio for news about live­ lose, in my opinion, thousands of sup­ blood from or... e end of China to the other. stock markets, and so forth. porters of their programs and, as a result, The group now in control of the Chi­ One radio station in my district made the war effort will be the loser. nese Nation, as a consequence of the in­ a survey a few days ago and received You may be interested to know that vasion of China by Japan, have devel­ over 300 letters from owners of battery the Treasury Department, in its war sav- oped a united China and this unity of 696 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-:ijOUSE FEBRUARY 8 the Chinese has made it possible for Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern knowingly, be a party to the policy of them to carry on a warfare with Japan Ireland. openly condemning to death 500,000 or now in the sixth year with limited re­ In the matter of aircraft and parts so. more American boys through failure to sources and with a reasonable measure essential to the combating of the Jap-. utilize the fighting forces of China. of success. anese Army and Air Forces, the total The success achieved by Russia during The joint declaration of the United allocated to China represented but $37,- the past 4 months could be achieved in Nations sets forth, as follows: 336,000 and only one-fourth of this the next 6 months in a similar manner The government signatory hereto, having amount o a little not in excess of $9,000,- by China provided we_furnished the re­ subscribed to a common program of purposes 000 ever reached the Chinese Army. sources so that the termination of the and principles embodied in the joint decla­ While this amount was allocated to war would be short-lived. ration of the President of the United States China, there was allocated to the United of America and the Prime Minister of the I believe the time has come to utilize United Kingdom of Great Britain and North­ Kingdom and its territories $827,000,000 the forces that have been developed in ern Ireland dated August 14, 1941, known as worth, the major portion of which China not only for the defeat of Japan the Atlantic Charter, being convinced that reached its destination. and the speeding up of the winning of complete victory over their enemies is essen­ In the matter of tanks and parts the the war in the East, through the utiliza­ tial to defend life, liberty, independence, and total allocated to China was but $922,000 tion of the Chinese veterans which in religious freedom, and to preserve human worth as against $315,000,000 worth sent active service, reserve units, and train­ rights and justict in their own lands as well to the United Kingdom and its territories, ing camps represent a total of 20,000,000 as in other lands, and that they are now en­ gaged in a common struggle against savage a sum 340 times greater than that al­ men and with a reserve of 50,000,000 and brutal forces seeking to subjugate the located to China. able-bodied men of military age avail­ world, declare: In the petroleum products so vital to able for service. 1. Each government pledges itselt to em­ the operation of aircraft, tanks and motor These are trained soldiers who from ploy its full resources, military or economic, vehicles, China received $3,237,000 worth July of 1941 to June of 1942 fought nearly against those members of the tripartite pact while the United Kingdom alone, without 5,600 engagements resulting in 180.000 and its adherents with which such Govern­ its dependencies, received $2,252,862,000 casualties and the capture of over 5,000 ment is at war. 2. Each Government pledges itself to co­ worth or more than 8 times as much as Japanese soldiers. The failure to utilize operate with the governments signatory was allocated to China. this tremendous storehouse of trained hereto and not to make a separate armistice I am in receipt of letters every day manpower is a something that the aver­ or peace with the enemies. The foregoing and undoubtedly, every Member of Con­ age American citizen cannot compre­ declaration may be adhered to by other na­ gress is, directing attention to the phys­ hend. Personally, I want to see the Jap­ tions which are, or which may be, rendering ical disabilities resulting to our boys anese and the Empire destroyed, but if material assistance and contributions in the from fighting in the Solomons and Gua­ it can be destroyed without the loss 0f a struggle for victory over Hitlerism. dalcanal. These men are not inured to single American boy, then it is about It must be exceedingly difficult for our the privation and the hardship and the time that the American public were in­ comrades at arms, the Chinese, to under­ atmospheric conditions that obtain in formed as to the reason for the failure stand just what this agreement between these regions. This is a section where to provide the engines of war which is nations means insofar as China is con- the yellow man fights best and why, in all that China asks to accomplish the .cerned. God's name, is not China, with its army destruction of Japan. The report to the Seventy-eighth Con­ of 5,000,000 trained, seasoned troops, with For more. than 5 months American gress of lend-lease operations is a stag­ its reserve of 15,000,000 troops and its fighting forces have been carrying on gering indictment of our neglect of the potential reserve army of 50,000,000 men, under brilliant and able leadership in the great storehouse of manpower repre­ permitted to take the offensive through Solomon Islands, thousands of miles sented by China with its population of the back door of Japan, which they are from Japan and with an endless number 450,000,000; largely defenseless, they have ready and eager to do if given some of of islands yet to be taken before direct carried on now in the sixth year against the resources vital to success. assault is possible on Japan. the Empire of Japan, and provided they When I say that arming China, putting If it required 5 months of intensive had received in some degree the measure it on the offensive, putting its vast armies fighting with a loss of many hundreds of consideration to which they are clearly into action, would result in the saving of of American boys killed and maimed and entitled as an ally, it would be unneces­ the lives of 500,000 American boys, from the huge army of China with empty sary to expose our boys today in the Sol­ the experience we have had in the Guad­ hands and empty guns waiting to enter omons, Guadalcanal, and the other alcanal and the Solomons, I am setting Japan by the back door and destroy her, places to diseases, destruction, pestilence, the figure low. We owe it to America to I submit that there is a duty which we and death. The allocation of lend-lease save the lives of 500,000 American boys owe to the mothers and fathers of Amer­ aid to the United Kingdom, including and the American people are asking ica, and that duty is to put the weapons Australia, New Zealand, India, Egypt, again why it is not done. I appreciate in the hands of the Chinese that will and other British territories represents that perhaps I am treading on dangerous make possible the character of offensive the staggering total of $6,353,143,000, as territory when I present these facts that they have demonstrated they are against one-quarter of this amount to the since I am not a military expert or a capable of making. China found herself mighty fighting forces of Russia who strategist in any sense of the word, but and became unified when invaded by have contributed more greatly in the last I am voicing the opinion that is held by Japan; it ceased to be a combination of 6 months to the shortening of the war the average American who is continually warring groups raiding various prov­ and the destruction of Hitler's army than asking "why". and will continue to ask inces; unified, trained, inured to priva­ any other agency. The total allocated to "why" until we take advantage of this tion and hardship, this great army of Russia has been $1,532,230,000, while opportunity to crush and destroy Japan, nearly 20,000,000 men stands idly by China, in need of every character of arm­ our Far East enemy. while American fighting forces are strug­ ament, has received but $156,738,000 or It is difficult for the average American gling in the islands of the Pacific. one-fortieth as much to China as was to understand the underlying motive that The invasion of Japan by China would sent to the United Kingdom and British prevents the adoption of a policy where­ relieve the pressure in the Pacific islands territories. by the lives of American service men, the and would result in the s.aving of the China, with its cities burned, its de­ ships of the American Navy, and the lives of thousands of American boys. fenseless women, children and men de­ cause in which we are engaged should be I appeal to the President of the United stroyed by air raids, obliged to leave their denied the services of the huge reservoir States, in the name of the fathers and homes and seek shelter in far distant por­ of manpower inured to hardship, borne mothers of American boys who are des­ tions of China, exposed to pestilence, dis­ to privation, and who by their courage, tined to die to the number of perhaps ease and famine due to the ravages tenacity, patience, and vitality have 500,000 if we fail to do what is clearly resulting from the invasion of the Jap­ earned the right to take their place our duty. The allocation of 10 percent anese, received no foodstuffs for the among the nations of the world-the of lend-lease materials to China would maintenance of its people from March Chinese Republic. in nowise impair our present efforts in of 1941 to December 31 of 1942, while Surely America or our great leader, any of the other fighting areas. I have $880,000,000 worth was sent to the United Franklin Delano Roosevelt, would not, conferred with competent authorities 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 697. and have been informed that with 500 per, lead, and zinc, because, as is ex­ chunk of anthracite coal were placed on bombing, pursuit, and fighting planes plained, the Communist Party line. On at gentlemen on both sides of the aisle have assets the Nation has at the peace table least two former occasions Congress di­ given too little thought to what the when we come to deal with the Orient rected that funds then being appro­ Celler amendment tries to do to one of and later with Latin America, where the priated should not be used to pay named the greatest assets of our Nation-and white metal is as highly regarded as gold individuals. Nevertheless, those two in­ claims to do it in the sacred cause of pa­ is in western Europe. Although the dividuals later were found on another triotism. I want to put these gentlemen average cost of producing silver through­ Federal pay roll. on record by a roll-call vote when we out the 400 years of record since the Last Monday Chairman DIES of the get this bill back to the House. discovery of America has been 92 cents committee gave to Congress a list of 38 The gentleman from New York tries to per ounce, they want our present store Federal employees who were by the com:. .tell us through the letter which he has sold for 50 cents per ounce . mittee deemed unfit for public service. read that there is no need to favor silver I have heard some of the most absurd Nevertheless, when the question of con­ in order to encourage production of cop- statements made on this fioor. If a tinuing to hire those individuals came 698 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE FEBRUARY 8 before Congress Friday, the administra­ This Congress is sitting, not as a trial that money. The responsibility for the tion was able to muster a majority of court, but as an employer, a hiring and spending of that money rests upon our seven for their retention. The argument a firing agency, charged with the expendi­ shoulders. We cannot follow through on was made by some who overlooked the ture of public money. The taxpayers in­ every individual in the Government em­ real issue that Congress should not try, dicated in no uncertain terms that they ploy, because there are too many of them, condemn, and politically execute these had grown weary and wanted fired em­ but we can take a stand as to the kind of individuals without a hearing. Those ployees who held views similar to those of people we want, and, when necessary to advancing the argument forgot that the 38. Proof of that is found in the de­ protect our Government from wasters or Congress was not sitting as a trial court, feat of many a new dealer and in the incompetents or those with plans repu­ but as an employer. election of some 69 new Members of Con­ diated by the voters, to name individuals. The individuals named have no prop­ gress. Most of the 69 followed the man­ Let me go back. On November 3 our erty right in the jobs which they hold; date given them. A few old timers missed. people said in no unmistakable terms, by and if in the· judgment of the people the point at issue. a majority of over one million votes, that their theories of government run counter Mr. Chairman, when we get to the last they were through with the crackpots, to those held by the majority, and proof three sections of this bill, unless someone the new dealers, the planners, and this, of that proposition was given at the last else does it I shall offer an amendment that •. and the other. In spite of the ver­ election, then certainly the Congress, to th~ provision that none of the money dict of the people-and I placed in the which appropriates the money for the appropriated by the bill shall be paid to RECORD today an editorial from the East jobs, has the right to say who shall hold any of those who advocate the overthrow which lists some of them-we find that those jobs or if it desires to abolish of this Government by force or violence. almost all of those who were defeated the jobs. We may even end the agency My amendment will be, after the word are coming back and being appointed in which they are employed. "violence", add "or by subterfuge." by the President and put on the pay roll. Congress may have overlooked the fact Mr. BREHM. Mr. Chairman, will the The people said they did not want them, that the individuals sought to be sepa­ gentleman yield? nevertheless, the President intends to rated from the public pay roll belonged Mr. HOFFMAN. I yield to the gentle­ continue the new dealers in power. to that group, or advocate theories of man from Ohio. The President is the Commander in government similar to those held by the Mr. BREHM. I submitted that Chief of our armed forces but is not our group, which for more than 2 years has amendment last Friday. boss on civil matters. Nor did he re­ been dissatisfied with our Constitution, Mr. HOFFMAN. We have not yet ceive a mandate last November. Quite our constitutional form of government, reached that section. Last Friday, when the contrary. November 3 was the day, and desires to remake America. the question of discharging from the another Fourth of July when there was We have haci some 6 years of the ad­ Government service some 38 people was a declaration of independence. Novem­ vancement of that theory by that par­ under consideration, there was more or ber 3 was the day Congress was given a ticular political faction, and it seems to less taik on the floor of the House about mandate to kick the impractical theorists some a little strange that a Congress discharging those people without giving out the window. which was elected in spite of the opposi­ them a hearing or a trial, and that Con­ The people did not want 69 of the tion of that group and with a clear-cut gress was sitting as a prosecuting attor­ Congressmen any longer. So they got mandate to get rid of the bureaucrats, ney or a trial judge and executioner. To themselves some new ones-and I hope the crackpots, the Communists, and the my mind, that is not the issue. the gentleman noted that when these New Dealers should now hesitate to obey We were not sitting here then, and new Members voted the other day, they the instructions given it by the voters on we will not be sitting here today when were not deceived by any sophistry or November 3 last. we come to this amendment in such specious argument, or by the plea that Ever since election lame duck after capacity. We are here as a hiring and we might condemn someone without a lame duck, would-b_e officeholders and a firing agency. We appropriate the hearing. Of course, those purgers and officeholders, rejected by the people, have money, and we have the right to say new dealers condemned us in the last by this administration been placed in who we want on the pay roll. Because I campaign without a hearing, but we are positions of power where they can per­ may not have made myself clear, let me trying to go along with the Golden Rule, petuate the very theories and practices restate the situaticn and the issue. and give them a hearing and on their repudiated last November. Last November, if you remember, I loyalty they had one so far as that goes The ·senate decreed that "Paving think it was on the 3d, some 69 Members by the Dies committee. Suppose the Dies Block" Flynn should not go upon the of this House were discharged. They committee was mistaken? Still, we do public pay roll. were fired. Those Members of Congress not want those 38 because they are Are we to disregard the instructions of were not fired because they were Com­ monkey wrenches in the Government those who sent us here by continuing in munists; they were not fired because they machinery. public office, in positions where they can were disloyal or because they were unpa­ Mr. FORD. How does the gentleman make the policies and continue to issue triotic; they were severed from the pay know? orders against this, that,- and the other, roll simply because the J?eOple did not Mr. HOFFMAN. Oh, bless your dear those who were condemned by the voters? want them any more. Do you get the heart, by the counting of the votes. Did Is the will of the people who voted to end idea? not the gentleman hear about the elec­ the New Deal to be thwarted by the action Sitting here, this Congress is the agent tion? Did he not know that the people of Congress, which furnished the money of the taxpayers, appropriating money. were sick and tired of the New Deal? and then permits the New Deal and the We say whether we want to put money in They may not yet have heard about it in crackpots to continue in power? That is the Florida ship canal, up on Passama­ the White House, but. come 1944, even a question which if not answered cor­ quoddy, or here, there, or any other the gentleman from California may hear rectly now may end the political life of place; whether we want to build dams in . of it, even he. those who refuse not only to listen but to the West. We designate the project we The CHAIRMAN. The time of the act. Are we so naive, so silly, that we want. So, too, we have the right to gentleman from Michigan has expired. will vote the money to continue in power create jobs-positions-and then to de­ Mr. BRADLEY of Michigan. Mr. those who not only sought to destroy this termine how much, if any, money we will Chairman, I move to strike out the last Congress, but who are still seeking that appropriate for those holding those two words. I shall not take up the 5 same end? positions. We have the right to say we minutes as I simply want to take time to The issue is not whether the individ­ do not want a certain class of people or make an announcement to the effect uals named by the Dies committee are certain individuals on the pay roll. It that the committee that was appointed Communists or something else. The issue may be because their hair is red, because this morning during an informal meeting is, do the people want on the public pay they are bald, or because they wear it to discuss the pending Halleck resolu­ rolls those new dealers, those dreamers, down over their coat collars. It makes tion is asked to meet with Mr. LEA, chair­ those bureaucrats, those purge-smearers no difference at all. The money is the man of the Committee on Interstate who have carried on as have those named money of our constituents, and we are and Foreign Commerce, out in the hall­ by the Dies committee? their agents to direct the spending of way here at 2 o'clock. 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 699 Mr. FORD. Mr. Chairman, I move to that I may be permitted to proceed for On the contrary, the Appropriations strike out the last two words. 15 minutes, so as to discuss that record. Committee is confronted with false tes­ Mr. Chairman, after listening to the The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection? timony in an effort to conceal Pickens' eloquent and illogical statement of the There was no objection. past Communist record and this House gentleman from Michigan [Mr. HoFF­ Mr. DIES. Mr. Chairman, last week I itself is confronted with a feeble effort at MAN], I rise at this time to call attention brought to the attention of the House a whitewashing which ignores the incon­ to the fact that the House on Friday last, long list of the bureaucrats who symbol­ trovertible facts in Pickens' public record. by a teller vote of 163 to 111, passed the ize this disease of bureaucracy which These tactics of concealment and white­ Hendricks amendment to the Post Office threatens the parliamentary system of washing only add to the gravity of the and Treasury appropriation bill, provid­ democracy as we have known it in this charges against this Government em­ ing that "no part of any appropriation country from the days of our founding ployee. in this act shall be used to pay the com­ fathers. I want the House to know that I First, I wish to call your attention to pensation of William Pickens." assume full responsibility for placing the a circumstance · in which the case of All I have to say is that I seriously names of these persons in the RECORD. As William Pickens is unique. In his deci­ question the authority of this House or the question of appropriations for the re­ sion in the case of the deportation of of this Congress as a whole, including spective departments and agencies arises, Harry Bridges, the Attorney General, Mr. the other body, to pass such an act. I will be prepared to back with incon­ Biddle, named four Communist-front or·· You ask me why, and my answer is­ trovertible and documentary evidence ganizations with which Bridges had been as every lawyer in this body knows or my assertions concerning these individ­ affiliated and found in Bridges' affilia·· should know-that article I, section 9, of ual bureaucrats whom I name and many tion with these four organizations one of the Constitution specifically says, under more whom I did not name in my recent the principal grounds for ordering hi; the powers denied Congress, that "no bill address to the House. I described these deportation from the United States. of attainder or ex post facto law shall individuals who are on the Government Now imagine the utter absurdity of tha be passed." pay roll as irresponsible, unrepresenta­ Treasury Department's position when we What is a bill of attainder? For the tive, radical, and crackpot bureaucrats. find that William Pickens was promi.. benefit of those members who are not I am prepared to prove just that and nently identified with three of these fout lawyers, let me define a bill of attainder nothing less than that. Communist front organizations. In fact., according to annotations of cases decided Today, I am prepared to take up in de­ William Pickens was far more promi.. by the Supreme Court of the United tail the case of William Pickens who is nently associated with these three Com .. States to January 1, 1938. employed as promotion specialist in the munist front organizations than wrus Treasury Department at a salary of Harry Bridges. The three organization' BILL OF ATTAINDER $5,600 a year. I have been informed that to which I refer were the InternationaJ A bill of attainder is a legislative act which 1nfiicts punishment without a judicial trial. William Pickens gave, or caused to have Labor Defense, the All America Anti·· If the punishment be less than death, the given on his behalf, certain testimony Imperialist League, and the American act is termed a bill of pains and penalties. before the Appropriations Committee of League Against War and . t Within the meaning of the Constitution bills this House in which testimony Pickens shall presently show the extent and na­ of attainder include bills of pains and pen­ denied that he was the same man as the ture of Pickens' affiliation with all threa alties. A bill of attainder may affect the person whose affiliations I cited in my of them. If the Justice Department find\ life of an individual, or may confiscate his speech on February 1, 1943. Such testi­ ground for deporting Harry Bridges in property, or may do both. In passing such mony, if given by Pickens or on his be­ his affiliation with these three Commu­ an act the legislative body, in addition to its legitimate functions, exercises the powers and half, was absolutely false both in its gen­ nist fronts, what leg has the Treasury office of judge; it assumes, in the language eral import and in its details. Such Department to stand on in keeping Wil· of the textbooks, judicial magistracy; it pro­ falsehood compounds the seriousness of liam Pickens on its pay roll. nounces upon the guilt of the party without the case against William Pickens, and It would be hard to find a man any­ any of the forms or safeguards of trial; it we dare not let this false testimony go where in the United States whose exten­ determines the sufficiency of the proofs pro­ unnoticed. sive affiliations with Communist-front duced, whether conformable to the rules of In order to keep my speech within organizations were of a more serious na­ evidence or not; and it fixes the degree of ture than those of William Pickens, espe­ punishment in accordance with its own reasonable limits, I cited only seven Com­ notions of the enormity of t.he offense. munist front affiliations which William cially in view of the effort which has Pickens has had as a matter of public been made to conceal those affiliations The amendment is in fact a bill of record during. the past 10 years. Fur­ from the Congress. I now propose to pains and penalties, which being con­ thermore, there is no question here of take up those affiliations one by one in tained in the bill of attainder as to pen­ mistaken identity. This William Pickens chronological order. alties less than death. of the seven Communist front affiliations First. League Against Colonial Op~ This amendment, which should be is the same William Pickens who is now pression and Imperialism: Early in 1927, voted on in the House by a separate roll employed in the Treasury Department. the League Against Colonial Oppression call, comes completely within the defini­ Instead of the seven Communist affilia­ and Imperialism held a world congress tion by the Supreme Court as a bill of tions which I cited on Monday a week in Brussels, Belgium. William Pickens pains and penalties, and it should not ago, I shall cite three times seven such ·was one of four American delegates to pass. affiliations today. this gathering. The of If it should pass, as have similar I hardly need to point out that we March 9, 1927, gave a complete roster of amendments, it will add one more blot on labor under certain difficulties in having. the delegates from all parts of the world. the escutcheon of Congress as a body that these radical and crackpot bureaucrats The list is headed by the name of Wil­ is going on record as preferring to legis­ removed from the Government pay roll. liam Pickens. The other three Amer­ late its prejudices in deftiance of article One of these difficulties, perhaps the chief ican delegates were Roger Baldwin, I, section 9, of the Constitution of the one, arises from the fact that their su­ Richard Moore, and Manuel Gomez. United States. periors or their associates in the respec­ Moore and Gomez were prominent lead­ Mr. DIES. Mr. Chairman, I move to tive departments and agencies are for­ er.:; of the Communist Party of the strike out the last word. I presume that ever trying to whitewash them. Such United States-known at that time as the Members of this House are anxious an effort at whitewashing is illustrated the Workers Communist Party. Most to hear, or to have in the RECORD the by the letter of Harold Graves of the of the delegates from other parts of the complete incontrovertible record of Wil­ Treasury Department which was· read world were the leaders of the Communist liam Pickens. I have the the record here, on the :floor of this House last Friday. movement in their respective countries. not a record based upon any verbal testi­ Mark you~ the case of William Pickens The League Against Colonial Oppression mony, not a record based upon what any­ is not one of a man who comes forward and Imperialism was under the direct body said of him, but a record which he and says frankly that he has had and complete control of the Communist himself made, a record which no one can numerous important Communist affilia­ Intern a tional. dispute, and because of the importance tions in the past but that he now re­ Second. Daily Worker: William Pick­ of that record I ask unanimous consent pents of and repudiates his former record: ens has written numerous articles which 700 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE FEBRUARY 8 have appeared in the Daily Worker. I tional chairman of the International lished an interdepartmental committee cite three issues of this official Commu­ Labor Defense, and the organization was to determine what organizations are sub­ nist newspaper as samples of those in affiliated formally with the International versive and what organizations are not which many of his articles have ap­ Red Aid ut Moscow and and that committee found some 12 or­ peared. They were the issues of April a score of other prominent Communist ganizations as subversive, including the 5, April 7, and April 20, 1927. The gen­ Party leaders were comembers with Pick­ National Federation of · Constitutional tleman from Ohio [Mr. BENDER] inti­ ens on the national committee of the In­ Liberties that had the full :page adver­ mated in :his remarks on last Friday that ternationa 1 Labor Defense. But here tisement in this morning's paper. In the name of William Pickens might have again, it ought to be sufficient to call your that case the interdepartmental commit­ appeared in the columns of the Daily attention to the fact that the Attorney tee and the Attorney General found that Worker simply as a part of some news General in his Bridges decision has the organization was not only Com­ , " story. I wish to assure him that such branded the International Labor Defense munist, but that its Communist nature was not the case. His name appeared as as a Communist front organization. was so well known and established they an active and long-time collaborator S ~ xth. League Against Imperialism: In could not see how anyone could be inno­ with the Communist Party and its front July 1929, the League Against Imperial­ cent of the connection. m:ganization.s. ism held a world congress in Frankfort­ Furthermore, Pickens is quoted in the Third. Hands Off China Association: am-Main, . This organization Daily Worker report of the meeting as In his report to the Sixth World Con­ was the parent body, internationally having given voice to the following gress of the , speaking, of the All America Anti-Im­ Marxist viewpoint: the secretary of the Communist Party of perialist League. William Pickens was · To take the profit motive out of war, we the United States gave a lengthy report not only a delegate to the world congress must take the class-profit op:oortunities out on the work of his party in organizing of the organization in Frankfort-am­ of our economic system. Hands Off China committees in this Main, but he was also one of the leading Again I call your attention to the fact country. Any doubt about the strictly speakers at the gatherinb. A portion of that the Attorney General has branded Communist cor1trol of the Hands Off his speech at the congress appeared in the United States Congress Against War China Association may be removed by a the Daily Worker of July 30, 1929. The a Communist front enterprise. perusal of the Daily Worker of May 9, leaders of the congress were by and Tenth. National Committee United 1927, where William Pickens' name ap­ large avowed Communists of interna­ States Congress Against War: The Daily pears as a member of the general ad­ tional reputation, and the Communist · Worker of OctoQer 3, 1933, reported that visory committee of this organization. International was in complete control of William Pickens had been named to the In that issue of the Daily Worker, the the gathE>ring. national committee of the United States names of the organization's speakers at Seventh. Prisoners Relief Fund: Ac­ Congress Against War. This national a mass meeting in Union Square in New cording to the July 1931 issue of Labor committee was composed almost exclu­ York are listed, and those names read Defender, a Communist publication, sively of well-known Communist Party like a roster of the leading Communist William Pickens was a sponsor of the members and a sprinkling of equally Party functionaries of that day. Fur­ Prisoners Relief Fund whose avowed pur­ well-known Communist fellow travelers. thermore, William Pickens, according to pose was to assist in the supp'ort of class­ Eleventh. American League Against the Daily Worker was chairman of the war prisoners and their dependents. War and Fascism: Shortly after the Hands Off China Association. Further­ The Prisoners Relief Fund was organized meeting of the United States Congress more, William Pickens, as chairman of under the auspices of the International Against War, William Pickens was made this Communist front organization, was Labor Defense and claimed as cospon­ one of the two vice chairmen of the in close collaboration with Earl Browder sors with Pickens such prominent Com­ American League Against War and who at that time was in China on an munist Party members as Elizabeth Gur­ Fascism. The other vice chairman was important organizing mission for the ley Flynn, Michael Gold, Jack HardY, Earl Browder. The Attorney General Communist International. The New George Maurer, Anna Rochester, Grace has branded the organization as a Com­ Yorl{ Herald Tribune of April 27, 1927, Hutchins, ~nd Bernhard J. Stern. munist front. Its program called for contains an excerpt from a letter which Eighth. National organizing commit­ the sabotage of ow· national defense both Browder wrote to Pickens from China, tee of the United States Congress Against in time of peace and in time of war. in which Browder appealed to Pickens War: On the letterhead of this commit­ Twelfth. Medical Bureau and North for greater financial support for his tee, the name of William Pickens appears American Committee to Aid Spanish work. Obviously, Pickens alone was in as one of the members along with those Democracy: According to the New a position to release this letter to the of William Z. Foster, Herbert Benjamin, Masses, Communist Party weekly, of press. It would appear that Pickens was Chrence Hathaw~Y. Robert Minor, Gil­ September 27, 1938, William Pickens ad­ not at that time concerned about con­ bert Green, and other equally prominent dressed a mass meeting of this organiza­ cealing his relations with Earl Browder. members of the Communist Party in this tion which our committee unanimously Fourth. All-America Anti-Imperialist country. found to be a Communist front. Speak­ League: The letterhead of the All-Amer­ Ninth. United States Congress Against ing with Pickens on that occasion was the ica Anti-Imperialist League for 1928lists ·war: The program of the United States well-known and avowed Communist Ed­ the name of William Pickens as a mem­ Congress Against War, held in Septem­ ward K. Barsky. ber of the national committee of the or­ ber-October 1933, lists William Pickens Thirteenth. New Masses: William ganization. The fourth national conven­ as one of the seven most prominent Pickens contributed an article for the is­ tion report of the Communist Party, a speakers of the gathering. Earl Browder sue of the New Masses of May 30, 1939. copy of which is in our committee's files, was one of the other six speakers listed. It is hardly necessary for me to point out says: "Our party was largely instrumen­ The Daily Worker of October 2, 1933, that the New Masses is a strict Com­ tal in the establishment of the All-Amer­ carried an account of Pickens' speech munist Party publication which has ica Anti-Imperialist League * * * ." I immediately following that of Browder. never deviated one jot or tittle from the could provide a very voluminous file of Mr. TABER. Mr. Chairman, will the Communist Party line. evidence to show that this organization gentleman yield? Fourteenth. Workers School: The of­ was one of the Communist Party's front Mr. DIES. Yes. ficial school of the Communist Party organizations, but suffice it to point out Mr. TABER. Mr. Pickens did not ap­ where the party's members are trained that the Attorney General himself, in pear before the Committee on Appro­ in revolutionary tactics for the overthrow his decision on the deportation of Harry priations. of the United States Government is Bridges, has characterized it as a Com­ Mr. DIES. Who appeared for him? known as the Workers School. Accord­ munist front. Mr. TABER. The representatives of ing to the New Masses of November 14, Fifth. International Labor D~fense: the Division of Expense and Loans came 1939, William Pickens was a lecturer at William Pickens was a member of the up with a statement signed by him indi­ this institution. national committee of the International cating that he was not the same William Fifteenth. American Rescue Ship Mis­ Labor Defense, according to the organi­ Pickens. sion: According to the Daily Worker of zation's letterhead of February 1929. Mr. DIES. Remember that the Presi­ December 2, 1940, William Pickens was Elizabeth Gurley Flynn was then the na- dent last year established or had estab- one of the headlined speakers at a mass 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 701 meeting under the auspices of the Ameri­ of State, Mr. Cordell Hull, issued a vigor­ Mr. DIES. The Attorney General can Rescue Ship Mission. The meeting . ous protest to .the.Russian Government. designated in 'his Briages opinion 4 and the organization which controlled it Nineteenth. American Committee for· organizations that were controlled by were both completely Communist. The Protection of Foreign Born: According to the Communist Party. William Pickens tone of the meeting may be accurately the organization's letterhead, William was prominently identified with 3 of gaged by the following Daily Worker ac­ Pickens was one of the sponsors of the those organizations. Then the Inter­ count of the speech which the gentleman American Committee for Protection of departmental Committee, established from New York [Mr. MARCANTONIO] de­ Foreign Born. Our committee has found at the instance of the President or At­ livered on the occasion: this organization to be a Communist torney General a year or a year and a The fighting Congressman pledged that he front. half ago, found some 12 or 13 organiza­ would never cease his fight against the war Twentieth. Greater New York Emer­ tions to be subversive organizations. On which the American imperialists were rushing gency Conference on Ina:ienable Rights: the floor of this House last September, I into headlong. AccQrding to its own literature, William placed in the RECORD the findings of this Pickens was one of the sponsors of the committee, a committee that did not Sixteenth. Council for Pan American Greater New York Emergency Confer­ confer with us, did not consult with us, Democracy: According to the New ence on Inalienable Rights This organi­ but a committee selected down in the Masses of December 3, 1940, William zation was one of the chapters of the departments, and which confirmed what Pickens was one of the signers of a National Federation for Constitutional we had found. More than that, they • public manifesto issued under the aus­ Liberties, which the Attorney General found in stronger language than we ever pices of the Council for Pan American has branded as subversive did that those 12 organizations were con­ Democracy on behalf of Luiz Carlos Twenty-first. American Committee for .trolled by Communists. Now, gentle­ . Prestes. Prestes was a member of the Democracy and Intellectual Freedom: men, I read into the RECORD at the time executive committee of the Communist According to its own literature, which is the name of 19 officials of this Gov­ International. In 1935 1 Prestes led an in our committee's files, William Pickens ernment who were officers and offi­ . armed Communist insurrection in Brazil, was a:so a sp0ns01 of tne Alnerican Com­ cials in one of the organizations which and as a result of his treasonable enter­ mittee for Democracy and Intellectual the Interdepartmental Committee .and prise was sentenced to a prison term of 16 Freedom. In our report to the House on the Attorney General found were com­ years. It was on this Communist leader's June .25, 1942, our committee found this munistic, so communistic that no one behalf that William Pickens joined with organization to be a Com1nunist front. could be mistaken about its identity. I a group of American Communists and Thir, Mr. C'hairman, is the record of then ask the Atterney General and the fellow travelers. Earl Browder's own William Pickens' Communist affiliations. Department of Justice, "Under your own statement on the subject of Prestes' ac­ It is a long record which extends over a findings, you say these organizations are tivities and imprisonment appeared in. period of lfj ye&.rs. The recorc:lleaves ab­ suq.versive, and here are the letterheads . the Daily Worker of January 3, 1941, and solutely no doubt about Pickens' close of the organizations showing Govern­ . is so enlightening that I quote it at this collaborat1vn with the Communist Party ment employees who are officers in point: and its front organizations. them." Today when our own American ruling class Mr. Chairman, it has been said that Mr. COX. Let me ask the gentleman, is desperately trying to drag our country William Pickens is a colored man, and was the organization that carried the into the present imperialist war and is carry­ that, therefore·, there is some attempt to full-page ad in this morning's Washing­ ing through a policy of economic and politi­ single him out. Let me make this very ton Post one of them? cal aggrandizement aimed at the further clear, that our committee has said or Mr. DIES. Certainly. subjugation of the peoples and nations of this rather I know that I have said as chair­ Mr. FORD. Assuming all' you say is hemisphere, the struggle to liberate Luis man, and I am sure the other members Carlos Prestes becomes an integral part of true, are we still entitled to violate the the fight for freedom, peace, and against of this committee concur in it, time and Constitution by passing a bill that vio­ imperialist war * * * Facing his ene­ time again, that the great majority of lates article 1, section 9? mies and the enemies of his country-after the colored people 'of this country are Mr. DIES. The gentleman knows being held in jail for more than 5 years-­ loyal, patriotic Americans. In all the what I said on Friday. I said that I Prestes used this only opportunity to appeal names that I have given to the Congress thought the proper procedure and what to his people, encouraging them to unite there have been only two or three who I wanted was for the appropriations and to follow the example of the great happen to be colored people. I want to committee to hear the evidence that we October revolution as the only path that make that absolutely clear, because I can lead to their final liberation. had, and then to bring the parties them­ think it would be most unfortunate if it selves before the committee. Certainly Seventeenth. United American Span­ were to go out to the country that this if that is done, if we cannot make out a ish Aid Com1nittee: According to the New amendment is based upon any prejudice case, then the Appropriations Commit­ Masses of December 3, 1940, William whatsoever against William Pickens on tee can say, "Well, we heard this evi­ Pickens was a prominent speaker for the account of his race. He happens to dence, but we will not agree with it." United American Spanish Aid Commit­ have been active in Communist move­ What I want the gentleman to agree to tee. This committee was a strictly Com­ ments, lilt:e James Ford was, but when is this, that if there are organizations munist Party enterprise whose executive you consider that 99% percent of the that the Department of Justice and the secretary was the well-known and colored people have been loyal at all Interdepartmental Committee and our avowed Communist Party member, Fred times to the Government, that they have own committee and everyone else in au­ Biedenkapp. time and again rejected every appeal thority who has studied it, have found to Eighteenth. National Federation for made by the Communist leaders in their be subversive organizations--organiza­ Constitutional Liberties: According to attempt to capitalize upon prejudice or tions that the gentleman himself would the Daily Worker of December 19, 1940, the feelings that might exist between not defend, and here are Government William Pickens joined in an appeal on races, in order to build up their strength, when you consider that, I think it is officials who are officers in those organi­ behalf of the notorious Communist, Sam only fair that I and other Members of zations-and many of the organizations Darcy, who had been convicted in the are actively engaged in smearing Con­ this House should pay a sincere tribut~ State of California. The appeal was is­ to the millions of loyal patriotic colored gress-that these Government officials sued under the auspices of the National people in the United States. must be dismissed. Federation for Constitutional Liberties, Mr. COX. Mr. Chairman, will the Mr. FORD. Oh, everybody smears which the Attorney General himself has gentleman yield? Congress. branded as a subversive organization. Mr. DIES. I did not understand the The CHAIRMAN. The time of the Sam Darcy, whose real name is Dardeck, statement of the gentleman with refer­ gentleman from Texas has expired. was candidate for Governor of California ence to what the Attorney General said Mr. KNUTSON. Mr. Chairman, I in 1937. At the seventh world congress about the organization. move to strike out the last sentence. of the Communist International, Sam (During the delivery of the foregoing Mr. Chairman, I voted for the creation Darcy delivered a speech against the Mr. DIES asked and received unanimous of the Dies committee and for its several United States which was so insurrec­ consent to print in full certain quotations extensions. I expect to vote for another tionary in character that the Secretary and excerpts.>. extension, because I feel it is doing a .702 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE FEBRUARY 8 necessary work. But there is an, angle have done. It is un-American and con­ the more prominent the individuals were to this question that I w<;mld like to dis­ trary to the spirit of the Bill of Rights. the more insidious was their approach. cuss in the brief time that has been [Here the gavel fell.] I am telling you things you know. allotted to me, and that should not be Mr. DAWSON. Mr. Chairman, I rise You refer back to 1927; that is a long overlooked. in opposition to the pro forma amend­ time ago. Many names might be found This body is made up of 435 men and ment and ask unanimous consent to pro­ on the rolls of some organization that women, of whom 434 belong to the ceed for an additional 5 minutes and to has since been deemed a subversive Caucasian race and 1 to the Negro proceed out of order. organization. race. I voted to expel from or to pre­ The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman I say to you that William Pickens is vent any Government bureau employing from Dlinois asks unanimous consent to not a Communist and has never been a the 38 Communists Chairman DIES read proceed for 5 additional minutes and to Communist. William Pickens has not · to the House one day last week. I am proceed out of order. Is there objection? knowingly affiliated himself with a Com­ wondering what the country will say There was no objection. munist organization, knowing it was when the people find out that we re­ The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman Communist. Certainly he might have jected, by a small margin, the proposal from Tilinois is recognized for lJ minutes. spoken at communistic meetings; I have to place an embargo upon their employ­ Mr. DAWSON. Mr. Chairman, it is done the same· thing; in fact, I do not fear ment in Government service, but that with the greatest measure of hesitation Communists, I do not fear them, I fight • when the name of this man Pickens that I, a new Member, rise to address them and I know tha.t is the only way came up, a colored man, a descendant this august body at this time. I am sus­ we can hold to our ideals. We have not from people who were brought here in tained only by the knowledge that I can yielded to them in their effort to infiltrate chains and against their will, brought bring to this committee an understand­ our group; and certainly I know the vojce here in servitude, this great body singled ing of the background of this subject of William Pickens has been heard ever out a poor colored man for punishment · matter better than any other person in in defense of the high ideals of this and practically gave what amounts to a this .assembly. country. whitewash to the 37 white companions I have known William Pickens for I say to you, Mr. Chairman, that his who were equally or more guilty. I un­ more than 40 years. I know his activities name has been used, but I know of my derstand all these fine distinctions, or I among my people; and when I say ''My own knowledge that when he found ·it hope I do, but the cold fact remains that people" I am not one who is sensitive out he sent in his resignation. This has we voted on Friday to bar from public to color; I am not one who is ashamed been done by many a loyal American, employment one poor colored man and of what God made me. I stand before white and black, who went into the thing we refused to take similar action with 37 you further sustained by the knowledge for an ideal only to find that the thing white men. My God, that is almost that no one can question the loyalty of had been organized for another purpose. lynch law. It is what is termed shotgun WILLIAM L. DAWSON to the United States Mr. Chairman, this thing is far reach­ justice out in my country. of America. During the last war al­ ing in its effects. I know this Congress Mr. HENDRICKS. Mr. Chairman, will though I was above draft age and did will not condemn any man because of the gentleman yield? not have to go, yet, believing it was the his race, and I am not standing here Mr. KNUTSON. Yes, I yield if I have duty of every citizen to rally to the colors pleading for that reason, because I have any more time. · in time of danger I volunteered, was com­ seen the American sense of fair play Mr. HENDRICKS. I think I can help. missioned a first lieutenant of infantry demonstrated on many an occasion. the gentleman out. I know that the and led black Americans in battle. I saw The only hope "black" America has is gentleman wants to be perfectly fair them fight and I saw them die for this the fundamental ideal of fair play that about this and he has shown a fair atti­ flag ahd country of ours. And if the we know rests deep down in the bosom tude, I know, when he went along with years had not shattered this old frame of of the majority of the American public. the other 38 or 39 persons. mine, and accident had not maimed me, So I am not saying that this thing is Mr. KNUTSON. That is right. instead of standing in Congress of the done on account of color, but I am say­ Mr. HENDRICKS. I think we ought United States, I would today, if I had ing to you that those who make the to expel all of them, but let me tell the my way, be back once again defending the charge are not in a position to know of gentleman why we returned to the one flag, the only flag we know. their own knowledge whereof they speak. name. I~ was because this one man was William Pickens has been charged with I do not know who their agents are. I the only one affected by this particular being a Communist. The gentleman know William Pickens was never called bill. When the whole amendment was who recited the great organizations that before the committee and given an op­ not adopted. I turned around and got he belonged to, and so forth, referred portunity to answer any charge against the one man affected br this bill. I do ba~k to 1927. I wish I could command him. I do not know who their agents not think. Mr. Chairman, that anybody words well enough to convey to you some­ are, but let me tell you their agents do can accuse us of having any feeling thing of the psychology of an under­ not know William Pickens like we know against the colored race, when we had privileged: people, something of the him. two Negroes on the list and 37 or 38 or psychology of a people who are told they They only know what might be seen 39 white people. The only reason we have every right in fact, but who know in a list of a certain number of organi­ singled this one man out was because they do not have those rights in ac­ zations. But we know William Pickens he was the only one that was actually tuality. · I wish you could envision in :ln the flesh. We know that Wi!liam and directly affected by the bill. your own minds how we struggle wher­ Pickens has been the means of going up Mr. KNUTSON. Let me say to the ever we can to make the Constitution and down the length and breadth of this gentleman from Florida that the pro­ and our democracy a living reality. I country teaching Americanism. I tell posal to bar the 38 from Government know something about ~ I you of my own knowledge, and from my employment was not made on a point know how the Communists have tried to knowledge of doing work among my own of order. Had it been I would not be infiltrate among our people, playing upon group, that he was deserted by a certain on my feet today. It was made by a the ills we have suffered, and so forth; crowd that was insistent on certain de­ vote of the House. and I know how often they did not come mands and William Pickens demanded Mr. HENDRICKS. That is correct. · to us under the name of Communists, that the Government be placed first. He Mr. KNUTSON. That changes the but came with loud-sounding names, was for the preservation of America picture altogether. talking of freedom, talking of democ­ above all domestic problems, and for that Mr. HENDRICKS. But when the racy, and talking of inalienable rights, reason he was deserted by many of those other bills come up we are going to take things that are dear to the heart of every who at one time had been associated with them also. American, be he white or be he black. him. Mr. KNUTSON. Well. maybe we will At some time or other the names of many He has been the means of millions of and again, maybe we will not. I am not of us might have been found connected dollars of our money going into War going to gamble on what this House will with some of these organizations before bonds. One insurance company alone do later. I cannot approve of what we we knew their true complexion, because has bought over a million dollars' worth 1943 .CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 703 of bonds. Others have bought up to the Mr. CANNON of Florida. I yield to on charges against him. Such procedure limit and will buy. The rank and file the gentleman from Texas. makes us unworthy of our trust. It of us are going down in our pockets to Mr. DIES. It ought to be pointed out establishes a precedent foreign to Ameri­ buy. We do not care what the organi­ that the Treasury Department appeared can principles of justice. zations may be, I may say to the gentle­ for him before the Appropriations Com­ That it is within the power of Con­ man from Texas, but this we do know, mittee, as I understand it, and submitted gress to place this limitation in an appro­ that William Pickens has never been a an affidavit in which Pickens denied all priation bill, denying some officeholder a Communist. William Pickens is a true these things. If he had come before the salary, I do not dispute. Nor do I ques­ American and I state that with all the committee and said, "Yes, I was in them, tion but that this is the only way we have integrity of a man who would fight and but I was misled" or if any of these peo­ to remove from public office people who die for America today. ple would say that it might be different. are undesirable because of their sub­ [Here the gavel fell.J Mr. LUDLOW. Will the gentleman versive activities, in view of the apparent Mr. CANNON of Florida. Mr. Chair­ yield? unwillingness of the executive branch of man, I move to stril{e out the last four Mr. CANNON of Florida. I yield to the Government to deal with the prob­ words. the gentleman from Indiana. lem. It is because of this failure of the Mr. Chairman, if you will be so good Mr. LUDLOW. The Treasury Depart­ executive branch to carry out the ex­ as to think for just one moment with ment never appeared before the Appro­ pressed will and intent of Congress that me, I shall try in my own humble way priations Committee that I know any­ we are required to act. to assign another reason why this House thing about. But, Mr. Chairman, we must not our­ took the action it did bst Friday. We Mr. DIES. That is what the gentle­ selves become arrogant and arbitrary in did not as a body-! know I as a Mem­ man said a few moments ago. Did the our acts. I am in sympathy with the ber did not-charge or believe in the Treasury Department submit an affi­ suggestion made last Friday that each of charges that were made against William davit of William Pickens? these individuals alleged to be undesira­ Pickens cr any other of the 38. I did Mr. TABER. No; they came up here ble be given the opportunity to appear not try them before any bar of justice. with a signed statement that they ho.d before the Committee on Appropriations They were not arraigned. I was not a in their files. I asked them to come up to answer the charges made against juror nor was I a judge. I was a ser­ and show it to me. Mr. Adams, repre­ them by the Dies committee and be. con­ vant of the American people, and I be­ senting the Division of Loans and Cur­ fronted with that committee's evidence. lieved then and I believe now that Wil­ rency, came up here and showed me his .we will then be in a position to act and liam Pickens and those other 38 mem­ file. to act judiciously. If the committee bers have no property right in those jobs Mr. CANNON of Florida. I decline to should find the charges to be substanti­ which they now enjoy. i knew then and yield any further. ated and to be true in fact, and accord­ I know now that there are other Ameri­ Mr. Chairman, I am sorry this House ingly present its findings and recom­ cans in this country whose loyalty has insists on operating on the theory that mendations to the House, we shall then never been questioned, who in 1927 or in charges were placed or sustained or de­ be in a position to act on a limitation of any other year did not subscribe their nied or were not denied. We have not this character. names to any roster not knowing what it operated on charges. Constitutionally, In the instant case, Mr. Chairman, was. Since they have no property right and as the mechanism is set up, you and whereby William Pickens, of the Treas­ in those jobs, I believed then, and you I cannot entertain charges. But it has ury Department, is being removed from and I believe now, that their loyalty has been sufficient for you and me to be in­ his office, he has never had his day in been questioned and that is 2, manda~e formed that the character and the loy­ court, so to speak. He has never ap­ . that their names be stricken from any alty of the 38 persons have been ques­ peared before any committee of this pay roll where they receive money of the tioned. · That is enough for me to sug­ House to answer the charges made taxpayers as their reward. gest, making it mandatory perhaps, that against him. He has never had an op­ That is what this House did. This they be stricken from the pay roll, just portunity to deny, disprove, or even ex­ House tried no one. This House listened as though I would fire an employee of plain those things which some consider to no charges and as for me, and I think mine who had been disloyal to this Gov­ acceptable evidence of his undesirability the majority of this membership, ·any erf,lment or disloyal to me. as a public servant. I cannot approve man who has ever willfully with knowl­ Mr. COX. Will the gentleman yield? such procedure. It is un-Amehcan in edge or without knowledge had his name Mr. CANNON of Florida. I yield to the fullest sense of the word. · appear in some funny organization that the gentleman. Let us not forget that when we take ·turned out to be not what they pro- · Mr. COX. The gentleman knows as I such action as this against an individual claimed, I say that in itself is quite know and every other informed Member we brand him for the rest of his life. enough for me insofar as my vote is con­ of this body knows, that if these "reds" As long as he lives he will be exploining . cerned to strike his name from any tax­ are ever stricken from the pay rolls of this incident in his life. To convict a payers' pay roll. the Government, this Congress has got man is a serious act, and to convict a Mr. HENDRICKS. Will the gentle­ to do it. man without giving him an opportunity man yield? [Here the gavel fell.] to be beard is arbitrary, to say the least. Mr. CANNON of Florida. I yield to Mr. DEWEY. Mr. Chairman, I move I doubt if there are three Members the gentleman from Florida. to strike out the last five words. who have ever seen Mr. Pickens. I did Mr. HENDRICKS. I want to point out Mr. Chairman, I yield to no one in de­ something I think any comm,ittee could one other thing. The gentleman from fense of the dignity of this House, and I have done. I sent for Mr. Pickens and Illinois made an able speech, and we all shall always take a place in the front he came up to my office. This I did as a aJmire him for it. He says that the line to fight for its prerogatives. Be-. single Member, having nothing to do chairman of the committee investigating cause of my jealousy for the standing with the investigation of subversive ac­ un-American activities, the gentleman of this legislative body I was troubled tivities, but merely seeking the truth. I from Texas [Mr. DIES] pointed out or­ over the week end at the vote that was went over the charges made against him ganizations in 1927. :aut William Pick­ taken on Friday last, which in effect re­ and Mr. Pickens denied categorically ens belonged to some of these organiza­ moves one, William Pickens, from the having any connection with any com­ tions in 1940. If he has the educational public pay roll. munistic body. I then contacted his im­ background he claims he has, and he is I rise to express the hope that some­ mediate employer, the son-in-law of worth $5 ,600 a year to the Government how this great body may be persuaded Mr. Frederick Delano, uncle of the Pres­ as a specialist, he has better sense than to strike from the pending Treasury­ ident, a man by the name of Lawrence that. Post Office Department appropriation Houghteling, whom I have known all my Mr. CANNON of Florida. The more bill this amendment. I cannot believe life, and I asked him about William education and the more ability he has that this House, custbdian of the people's Pickens .. the more dangerous he is if his loyalty rights and liberties, will permit itself to This man William Pickens has had an has ever been questioned. follow a course of action which arbi­ interesting and a very American history. Mr. DIESr Will the gentleman yield? trarily denies a citizen a right to be ·heard -Born of slave parentage, as a chilu he 704 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE FEBRUARY 8 carried on a little business of rowing a Mr. HENDRICKS. I am talking with­ Mr'. COX. I wonder if the eentleman ferry boat across a river. After attend­ in the purview of the bill. If the gentle­ will not agree with his colleague Mr. ing a secondary school he entered Tal­ man wants to have something to say CANNON and myself, and many of us, in ladega College, which he left to enter against what I am saying, he can take the statement if the Communists are ever my own alma mater, Yale University. time to speak against it. taken off the Government pay roll, Con­ He graduated from Yale with Phi Beta The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman will gress has to do the job. Kappa key, taking the Ten Eyck prize, proceed in order. Mr. HENDRICKS. That is correct. and standing among the first seven men Mr. HENDRICKS. I am in order, I Congress is going to have to do the job of his class. have been in order, and I expect to stay in spite of the Board that the President I would like only one thing to be done. in order. appointed, and I shall not consent to the I do not like ex parte, star chamber pro­ That was just one little example. It withdrawal of my amendment. cedure to take place in our Government. might have sounded facetious, but let us Mr. TABER. Mr. Chairman, I move If Mr. Pickens is convicted of commit­ carry it a little further. I know good that all debate upon this paragraph and ting one of the most heinous crimes for and well there are many men in this all amendments thereto be now closed. which a man can be indicted, that of House who are loyal and who have sat The motion was agreed to.' being disloyal to his country in time of upon juries and, after men have been The Clerk read· as follows: war, then let him pay the penalty, but acquitted of certain charges made· Printing and binding: For printing and give him a day in court. against them, were still convinced that binding for the Bureau of Narcotics, $4,000. I hope that when this Committee rises the men were guilty. It may be that we Mr. VOORHIS of California. Mr. an opportunity will be given to do the could not take any one of these men be­ American thing-to give this man a Chairman, I move to strike out the last fore a jury and convict him of being a word. I shall try not even to use the 5 chance, together with the 38 others. the Communist, but in our minds when we Dies committee has listed, to defend minutes, because as I said at the begin­ go back and look at the record we know ning of the day, I have a special order himself before his peers. good and well that they are Communists, [Here the gavel fell.] which I intend to use at the close of the and there is no question in our minds day, to discuss this whole question thor­ Mr. HENDRICKS. Mr. Chairman, I about it. . rise in opposition to the pro forma oughly; but there is one thing that I am amendment. With regard to the day in court, let me impelled to say at this time, because I Mr. Chairman, we have had a lot of give you an example of something tha.t do not think any more time should elapse talk here today, and I want to get one or happened. When it was found out by before it is said. I am not addressing two things cleared up in the minds of the Treasury Department that an myself to the individual case of William everybody. amendment of this sort was going to be Pickens, but to the general proposition. In the first place, there has been a lot offered they sent young Mr. Charle ~ The list of the 39 people submitted by of talk here about discrimination against Adams to see the gentleman from New the gentleman from Texas [Mr. DIES] the colored race. I say to you that any York [Mr. TABER]. They thought he was, as he said himself earlier today, man coming from the South knows that was going to offer the amendment. Then submitted by himself, and not by the ac­ a southerner does not refer to a colored Mr. Adams came over to see me. He tion of the Committee on un-American man as "mister." When I started talk­ pushed in front of me the investigation Activities. Indeed, I have trieli myself ing about this man and getting infor­ made by the special investigator of the since the list was submitted, to see the mation on him I did not even know he Treasury Department and said, "See evidence. The gentleman from Texas, of was a colored man. I got in the· habit of here, they cleared him." I said, "I have course, told me I could see it, but so far I saying "Mr. Pickens" and made that a file, and I want to ask you some ques­ have not been able to. It has not been statement on the floor two or three times, tions. Did you know so and so?" "No, available. which is evidence to you that I did not I did not know that." I said, "Well, Mr. THOMAS of New Jersey. Mr. even know he was a colored man and did makes notes on it. Chairman, will the gentleman yield? not care about it. He did make notes on it, and said, "I Mr. VOORms of California. No; not If we are going to keep ·one of these will go back to the Department this at this time. According to the statement Communists in the Government, let us afternoon and go into this matter fully." of the gentleman from Texas himself keep tltem all, and keep William Pick­ I said, "Well, hurry up; I am going to he submitted this list, and he said it was ens; but if we intend to get the others tell the House today that I am going to not a list of people who necessarily were out in the bills by which they are cov­ offer this amendment." even ch9.rged by him with being Com­ ered, then let us get Pickens out, be­ He went to the Department and took munists or having Communist affilia­ cause Pickens is just as much of a Com­ a deposition from William Pickens. He tions. He said today, and he said before, munist as anybody else. came back up here while I was on. the it was a list of people who were covered You say he has had no day in court. floor telling the House I was going to by the category of being "crackpots." We keep talking about court procedure offer the amendment when we reached Those people are in that category in here. I disagree with anybody that this the reading of the bill for amendment the opinion of the gentleman from Texas. is a court. If it were, let me give you under the 5-minute rule. Then I went He is entitled to that opinion, of course. just one little example of court pro­ out to see him. He said, "Here is the But the geQ.tleman from Michigan [M':'. cedure, and let you clear up your minds deposition we had from Mr. Pickens." HoFFMAN] has defined the issue in all its once and for all concerning certain peo­ I said, "Thank you. I will take it over great seriousness· when he said he be­ ple who have been heard in court. to the office and read it." He said, "Wait lieved the House had a right to take peo­ We have had a sensational trial out in a minute. That is the original, and I ple off the Federal payroll if in the opin­ California for about 3 weeks, in which cannot let it go." I said, "Give me a ion of the House there was something the actor, Errol Flynn, was charged with copy." He replied that he did not bring objectionable about them, regardless of certain statutory crimes against -young a copy with him; and I said, "Why in the what charge was made R,gainst them, re­ girls. Last Saturday, I believe it was, a hP.ll didn't you. You know I wanted gardless of whether they were loya! to jury came in and cleared Mr. Flynn of one?" His reply was, "I don't know; I just our Nation, regardless of whether they those charges after he had had his day forgot it." Then I said further, "Will you .were doing a good job. There you have in court. The jury, in effect, said that give me one tomorrow?" He said, "Yes." the issue and for my part I am of course Mr. Flynn is not guilty. But I ask every I waited for him all of the morning, and completely opposed to such arbitrary and Member of this House to ask himself I instructed my secretary if Mr. Adams unfair action. Over and over again it this question: "In spite of the fact that made any attempt to get in touch with has been said today that this is an issue the jury said Mr. Flynn was not guilty, me, to be sure that he got in touch with of disloyalty. It is no such thing. If it would you want your daughter to take a me, and until this day I have not had can be shown that these people are dis­ trip with Mr. Flynn on his yacht to another word from Mr. Adams. I say to loyal to this Nation, if it can be shown Catalina Island?" you that that deposition was nothing but that they are Communists or Nazis · or Mr. DICKSTEIN. Mr. Chairman, I .a simple evasion. Fascists, that is a different matter. But make the point of order that the gentle­ Mr. COX. Mr. Chairman, will the gen­ this is not at issue. man is not talking within the purview tleman yield? This is an issue as to wheth ~r people of the bill and is not in order, Mr. HENDRICKS. Yes. are in the category of being crackpots 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 705 in ·somebody's opinion. Anybody in the unanimous consent to proceed for 5 ad­ The other day some Member arose and House could rise and make up such a ditional minutes. said that because we mention the word category and dump some F~eral em­ The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection "communism" we are criticizing Russia. ployees into it, but if the House proposes to the request of the gentleman from That is a mistake. As I said~ we are not to proceed that way we are going to make Mississippi? · , trying to dictate the form of government terrible mistakes. On Friday last we Mr. LUDLOW. Mr. Chairman, reserv­ that Russia has. We are not trying to might have passed an amendment if ing the right to object, I cio not intend dictate the form of government that seven more votes had been given it, which to object to the gentleman's request, but China has. But we do propose to per­ would have proscribed a man in the Fed­ I think we had better get along with this petuate the form of government we have eral Army of the United States and an­ bill. We have had a great deal of speech­ here-the one our forefathers estab­ other man elected by the votes of the making today on all sorts of things. lished for us. Army and the Navy and the Maritime After this I think I shall have to adhere I call your attention to the fact that Commission to the Shipbuilding Stabili­ to the rules. communism is disappearing in Russia to­ zation Committee, and a woman whose The CHAIRMAN. Without objection day, if it has not gone entirely. I pointed character and loyalty are vouched for the request of the gentleman is granted. out sometime ago that when these Com­ by a priest of the Catholic Church in There was no objection. · munists who had been preying upon tjle a. letter I have in my possession. Such Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Chairman, there people of Russia, as some of them in this mistakes ought not to be made. The is one thing that has been made clear by country are preying upon us, saw guns House should not say that people who this debate, and that is that the Ameri­ given to the Ukrainians, the Cossacks, are more progressive in their thoughts can people are opposed to communism and the White Russians, and realized than the majority of Members should in this country, and that practically that those guns would shoot in any direc­ be accused of disloyalty any more than every Member of Congress is either op­ tion, they would take to cover. A short you would want to say that people who posed to it or else lacks the coura to time ago it was announced that every po­ are conservative in their thoughts, more defend it. litical commissar had been driven from so than the majority, ought to be pro­ That does not mean that we are criti­ the Russian army. Why? Because those scribed. Let us be clear; let us be fair; cising Russia about her form of govern­ Russian people have gone back to their let us call a spade a spade; and let us ment. That is Russia's business. But workship of God. They have gone back keep the issue where it really and truly we are opposed to these American Com­ to the Christian religion. They have belongs. It seems to me that it is per­ munists who are dedicated to the over­ gone back to the fundamentals of civili­ fectly fair and .iust, and the gentleman throw of this Government; and it is our zation. When this war is over those men from Texas himself made this condition, duty to see that they are every one driven· who are today baring their breasts to that every last person should be heard from power, and from the Federal pay German bayonets are going to have their by the Committee on Appropriations be­ roll. · land back, their homes back, and their fore the House takes action in a matter I am convinced that this Negro, Wil­ freedom back, and, above all, their right of that kind. liam Pickens, who is now employed in to worship God to suit themselves. Mr. KEFAUVER. Mr. Chairman, will the Treasury Department at $5,600 a Now, to show that I was right in that the gentleman yield? year, is a Communist. The Dies com­ contention, I want to read an article that Mr. VOORHIS of California. Yes. mittee has so found, after a most care-. appeared in the Washington Post this Mr. KEFAUVER. The country has ful investigation. It is known that he morning. It is very short and I want to the impression that this list was sub­ has addressed Communist meetings in call your attention to it. mitted to the Dies committee. Do I un­ this country and abroad, and that he Mr. MAY. Mr. Chairman, will the derstand that the committee as such has has been affiliated with 21 subversive gentleman yield? never considered this list? organizations. But his supporters say Mr. RANKIN. I will yield after I read Mr. VOORHIS of California. That is that he was ignorant of the fact that this article. It is headed "Mold of com­ correct. I think the gentleman from they were Communist meetings; and yet munism broken," Russian writer declares Texas himself made that point. It has they say he is a graduate of Yale. I sup­ here: not come before the committee. pose if he had taken a post-graduate A noted Russian writer yesterday declared Mr. KEFAUVER. Was it ever pre­ course at Harvard he would have known her homeland had "broken the mold of com­ sented to the committee? when he was addressing a Communist munism" and expressed the belief that the ·Mr. VOORHIS of California. No; it meeting. war may mark the end of the revolutionary was not. In my opinion he did know, he is bound form of government which Lenin established Mr. KEFAUVER. Is the gentleman a to have known, that these were Com­ in 1917. Addressing the Charles Carroll Forum In member of that committee? munist meetings, and that these were the Willard Hotel, Helen Iswolsky said com­ Mr. VOORHIS of California. :i was, Communist organizations he was join­ munism never had expressed the "deep aspi­ but I am not at the moment because there ing, and serving. By all means he should rations of the .Russian masses" and that the is no such committee now. be stricken from the Government pay people always had resisted both its methods Mr. KEFAUVER. The gentleman roll. and ~ntireligious measures. means that no list was ever submitted When the Nation's life is at hazard, it CURRENT TRENDS CITED to him as a member or a former mem­ is no time to quibble over a man who As indications of what the fUture may hold ber of a former committee, as presented has been connected with 1 subversive for Russia, she cited these current trends: by Mr. Dies? organization, much less with 21 of them, Current literary works no longer have Com­ Mr. VOORHIS of California. No; it even though he pleads ignorance of the :~;nunist themes; many national heroes-"they was not. I think it is important for the probable consequences of his own acts weren't Communists"-have been revived; House to understand that. The gentle­ and at the same time exhibits a diploma the slogans of Lenin do not furnish battle ·man had a right to make his speech. I from Yale as an evidence of his qualifica­ . cries for Russian armies; military leaders rather than political commissars are now in believe the gentleman said himself he tions. control of the fighting fronts and largely of took the sole responsibility for it, but I To keep this Negro on the pay roll of the home !ront. believe before action like this is taken a this Government in a key position at And Stalin no longer leads the Russian committee of the House ought to go $5,600 a year is simply unthinkable to me. people; he follows them, said the speaker, who over these matters. I am positive that Yesterday you voted to strike him from is the author of Soviet Man Now and Light list, taken as a whole, is not a list where the pay roll because he was red; today Before Dusk, and the daughter of the late the charges of disloyalty, communism, you propose to vote him back on because Alexander Iswolsky, Russian Minister of For­ ttnd Communist affiliations can be fairly he is black, although the facts have not eign Affairs in 1906-10 and Ambassador to made. changed. Paris during the last war. The CHAIRMAN. The time of the "If the sins of bolshevism are great, and I voted to strike him off when I I do not seek to diminish them," she declared, gentleman from California has expired. thought he was a white man, and I shall "they have been washed in the blood and Mr. RANKIN. Mr: Chairman, I move certainly not vote to put him back on tears of the Russian people-in the blood and to strike out the last two words and I ask because he is a Negro. tears of the innocent," for the masses are not, LXXXIX--45 .706 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE FEBRUARY 8 she said, and never have been, godless Com­ Dragon Society has been operating in admit that they are members of the or­ munists. "Russia has entered upon a period this country for more than 30 years. ganization, yet we have membership of deep revival and purification." Until Russia entered the war, it was cards that have been obtained under sub­ ALWAYS CHRISTIAN LAND linked up with the Communists through­ pena showing that not less than 165,000 Her homeland, Miss Iswolsky said, always out ... the world; and in my opinion it is people in the United States are members. has remained a Christian land, peopled by linked up with the American Communists So if one were compelled to prove com· free, loving, and humane individuals. now. munism by membership cards, in 99 per­ She indirectly attributed the "miracle of The F. B. I. planted a dictaphone in a cent of the cases one would be unable faith" which lifted the siege of Leningrad and made of Stalingrad a graveyard of German large hall in , N.Y., and recorded to do so. The next best proof is to find ambitions to another "great miracle"-this 3 hours of speeches made by members of out what the associations of a man have one wrought by Hitler, who united all the this Black Dragon Society to a large au­ been, what organizations he has been Russian people against him and awakened dience of Negroes celebrating the Japa­ affiliated with. their strong national spirit. nese victory at Pearl Harbor. I have given for the RECORD 21 Com­ The speaker found in the guerrilla fighters, Several of those Negro speakers were munist front organizations that William who have wrought such havoc upon German tried and convicted. Pickens has been prominently "identified armies, something of the true spirit of Russia and said that they and people like them would In a trial held in East St. Louis a few with. Let me read some more of them, have a large share in molding the Russia of days ago, in which some Negro members so you will have the complete case up to the future. of this Black Dragon Society were con­ 1940. Let us take, for instance, the "What they want," Miss Iswolsky reported, victed of subversive activities, they testi­ Prisoners' Relief Fund. "is the freedom of all, the protection of the fied that there were hundreds of thou­ Seventh. Prisoners' Relief Fund: Ac­ weak, and a good Christian peace." sands of members of this organization cording to the July 1931 issue of Labor But the unfortunate thing is that these among the Negroes of this country. Defender-a Communist publication­ Communists have flooded into this coun­ ofllteir plan is to stir up trouble with William Pickens was a sponsor of the try, and some of them seem to have the white people in every way they can. Prisoners' Relief Fund, whose avowed wormed their way into key positions in The better element of the Negroes are purpose was to assist in the support of V9xious departments of government. worried over the situation, and if some­ "class war prisoners and their depend­ Do you think when one of our boys on thing is not done to drag these traitors ents." The Prisoners' Relief Fund was Guadalcanal sees a bush shake and ob­ into the open, prosecute them, and break organized under the auspices of the In­ serves a bayonet sticking over the brush up this subversive movement, I fear we ternational Labor Defense and claimed and behind it a slant-eyed Japanese, are headed for serious race trouble; and as cosponsors with Pickens such promi­ that he is going to wait to investigate to that is exactly what Japan and Germany nent Communist Party members as see whether or not he is a friend or an want. · Elizabeth Gurley Flynn, Michael Gold, enemy? The Dies committee has rendered a Jack Hardy, George Maurer, Anna Mr. MAY. Mr. Chairman, will the gen­ wonderful service to this Nation. It has Rochester, Grace Hutchins, and ­ tleman yield? not been a pleasant duty for them to hard J. Stern. Mr. RANKIN. I yield to the gentle­ perform, to run dcwn and expose indi­ Eighth National Organizing Commit­ man from Kentucky. viduals who occupy important positions tee of the United States Congress Against Mr. MAY. The gentleman, of course, in this Government of ours, which they War: On the letterhead of this commit­ knows that the question is the propriety were working to destroy. Now when this tee the name of William Pickens .appears or impropriety of striking these names committee has performed that patriotic as one of the members along with those off of the pay roll. duty and laid the evidence before Con­ of William Z. Foster, Herbert Benjamin, Mr. RANKIN. Yes. gress, it is our duty to back them up; Clarence Hathaway, Robert Minor, Gil­ Mr. MAY. If the Congress has the and I, for one, expect to do so and to vote bert Green, and other equally prominent power to appropriate money for the sal­ to remove this Negro, William Pickens, members of the Communist Party in this aries of the directors of the different de­ as well as the rest of them from the country. partments, has it not the power to with­ Federal pay roll. Ninth. United States Congress Against hold money from individuals employed Mr. DIES. Mr. Chairman, I move to War: The program of the United States in the departments? strike out the last two words. Congress Against War, held in Septem­ Mr. RANKIN. Certainly; and the Dies The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman ber-October 1933, lists William Pickens committee has found, on positive proof, from Texas is recognized for 5 minutes. as one of the seven most prominent that this Negro, William Pickens, has Mr. LUDLOW. Mr. Chairman, I serve speakers of the gathering. Earl Brow­ been connected with 21 of these Com­ notice that at the conclusion of the gen­ der was one of the other six speakers munist organizations that were dedicated tleman's speech I am going to ask that listed. The Daily Worker of October 2, to the proposition of destroying this the reading of the bill be continued. 1933, carried an account of Pickens' Government. Mr. DIES. Let us have the full rec­ speech, immediately following that of There is a Japanese organization in ord of this case so the House may have Browder. this country known as The ]}lack the facts. Furthermore, Pickens is quoted in the Dragon Society that is operating among Mr. LUDLOW. I think it has been very Daily Worker report of the meeting as the Negroes all over this country. It full up to now. having given voice to the following has been organizing the Negroes in Mr. DIES. I have no desire to talk at Marxist viewpoint: every State in this Union, and mem­ all, but I have here the full and complete To take the profit motive out of war we bers of that society have been pray­ record, and I think the House ought to must ·take the class-profit opportunities out ing for Japan to win .the war. They have it. I did not finish when I had time of our economic system. have gone into the hardware stores in before. _ And I am quoting Mr. William Pickens: many places and bought up all the fire­ The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman arms and ammunition in stock. Do any from Texas will proceed. To take the profit motive out of war we of you doubt that? If so, make some must take the class-profit · opportunities out Mr. DIES. Let me say in the begin­ of our economic system. investigation. They are all over the ning, Mr. Chairman, that in only very country. They are in Washington and few cases can ~:ou prove by direct evi­ Again I call your attention to the fact on streetcars and busses today; they are dence a man's membership in the Com­ that the Attorney General has branded stirring up all the trouble they can. Less munist Party. We have had them be­ the United States Congress Against War than 3 days ago a secretary to a Member fore us many times. We undertook to as a Communist front enterprise. of Congress heard one of them say: subpena their membership records, but Congress Against War and Fascism. Well, just wait until the Japs get through they came before us and perjured them­ That is an organization our committee cleaning them up, and then we will have our selves and said they did not have any found to be Communist, as did the Presi­ own way. membership records. They come before dent's Interdepartmental Committee, Are we going to sit here and wait until us and deny that they are members of and the Department of Justice concurred this trouble comes, this revolution that the Communist Party. It is a secret or­ in the findings. Japan and her satellites have been ganization. Very few of them, with the Tenth. National Committee United praying and working for? This Black exception of the recognized leaders, ever States Congress Against War: The Daily 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 707 Worker of October 3, 1933, reported that had only 45 minutes in which to discuss According to the Daily Worker of De­ William Pickens had been named to the one of the most important and complex cember 19, 1940, WilHam Pickens joined national committee of the United States monetary questions of this Gov-ernment in an appeal on behalf of the notorious Congress Against War. This· national last Friday? I ref-er to the silver amend­ Communist , Sam Darey, who had been committee was composed almost exclu­ ment. convicted in the State of California. sively of well-known Communist Party Mr. DIES. I can only say to th-e gen­ The appeal was issued under the aus­ members and a sprinkling of equally tleman that the real issue here is not pices of the National Federat:'.on for well-known Communist fellow travelers. William Pickens; that he is immaterial Constitutional Liberties which the At­ Eleventh. American League Against insofar as the real issue is roneerned. torney General himself has branded as a War and Fascism: Shortly after the Mr. Chairman, the issue her-e is subversive organization. Sam Darcy, meeting of the United States Congress this: We are asked to appropriate bil­ whose real name is Dardeck, was a can­ Against War, William Pickens was made lions of dollars which must com-e from didate for Governor of California in one of the two vice chairmen of the the taxpayers{)! America. We are asked 19:37. At the .seventh world congress of American League Against War and Fas­ to send our boys to the t ~renches to fight the Communist International, Sam cism. The other vice .chairman was in defense of our constitutional form -of Darcy delivered a speech against the Earl Browder. The Attorney General government. Yet in the Government it­ United States which was so insurrecti{)n­ has branded the organization as a Com­ self are m-en who ·over a long peri-od of ary in .character that the Secretary of munist front. Its program .called for the time have been i-dentified with move­ State, Mr. C.ordell Hull, issued a vigorous · sabotage of DUr national defense bDth ments and organizations that are op­ protest to the Russian Government. in time of peace and in time of war. posed to our form of government and are Nineteenth. Ameriean Committee for Twelfth. Medical Bureau and North seeking to destroy it. Protection of Foreign Born: According American Committee to Aid Spanish That is the issue involved, an issue as to the organization's 'letterhead, William Democracy; According to the New to wheth-er -or not we as Members of this Pickens was one of the sponsors of the Masses, Communist Party weekly, of Sep­ Congress will place our stamp of ap­ Ametican Committee for Protection of tember 27, ~93"8, William Pickens ad­ proval upon employment by the Federal Flor.eign Born. Our committee has found dressed a mass meeting of thi-s organiza­ Government {)f anyone who is identifi-ed this organization to be a Communist tion which our committee unanimously with any organization that. does not be­ front. , found to be a Communist front. Speak­ lieve in our f-orm of government. Twentieth. Greater New York Emer­ ing with Pickens on that occasion was Council for Pan American Democracy: gency Confer.ence on Inalienable Rights~ the well-known and .avowed Communist, According to the New Masses of Decem­ According to its own literature, William Edward K. Barsky. ber 3, 1940, William Pickens was one of Pickens was one of the sponsors of the Thirteenth. New Masses: William the signers of a publie manifesto issued Greater New York Em~rgency Confer- ­ Pickens contributed an article for the under the auspices of the Council for ence on Inalienable Rights. This organ­ issue of the New Masses of May 30, 1939. Pan American Democracy on behalf of ization was one of the chapters of the It is hardly r1ecessary for me ·to point Luis Carlos Prestes. Ptrestes was a mem­ National Federation for Constitutional out that the New Masses is a strict Com­ ber of the e~ecutive committee of the Liberties which the Attorney General has munist Party publication which has Communist International. In 1935 - branded as subversive. never deviated one jot or tittle from the Prestes led an ~rmed Communist insur­ Twenty-first. American Committee for Communist Party line. rection on Brazil, and as a result of his Democracy and ·Intellectual Freedom: Fourteenth. Workers School: The of­ treasonable -enterprise was sentenced to According to its own literature which is fie.al ~ch ool of the Communist Party a prison term of 16 years. It was on this in our committee's files, William Pickens where the party's members are trained Communist leader's behalf that William was also a sponsor of the Americ.an Com­ in revolutionary tactics for the overthrow Pickens joined with a group of American mittee for Democracy and Intellectual of the United States Government is Communists and fellow travelers. Earl Freedom. In our report to the House Browder's own statement on the subject known as the Workers School. Accord­ on June 25, 1942, .our committee found ing to the New Masses of November 14, of Prestes' activities and imprisonment this organization to be a Communist 1939, William Pickens was a lecturer at appeared in the Daily Worker of Janu­ front. this . institution. ary 3, 1941, and is so enlightening that I quote at this point: This, Mr. Chairman, is the record of Fifteenth. American Rescue Ship Mis­ . William Pickens' Communist affiliations. sion: According to the Daily Worker of Today, when our own American ruling class is. desperately trying to dr ag our coun­ It is a long record which extends over a December 2, 1940, William Pickens was period of 16 years. one of the headlined speakers at a mass try into the present imperialist war, and is carrying through a policy nf economic and That is the record William Pickens meeting under the auspices of the Amer­ political ·aggrandizement aimed at the fur­ ican Rescue Ship Mission. The meeting has made for himself. Nowhere else, so ther subjugation of the peoples and nations far as I have been able to learn, has he and the or.ganization which controlled it of this hern:sphere, the struggle to liberate were both .completely Communist. Th-e Luis Carlos Prestes becomes an integral part ever repudiated his associations, his ex­ tone of the meeting may be accurately of the flght for freedom, peace, and against pressif J:JOOember 3, 1940, Wil­ from Kansas is recognized. imous consent to proceed for 5 .addi­ liam Pickens was a prominent speaker tional minutes to complete this state­ for the United American Spanish Aid Mr. GIFFORD. Mr. Chairman, a par­ ment, because the Members ought to Oommi.ttee. This committee was a liamentary inquiry. have it. strictly Communist Party enterprise, The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman will The CHAIRMAN. Without objection, whose executive secretary was the well­ state it. it is so ordered known and avowed Communist Party Mr. GIFFORD. How coUld the Chair There was no objection: member, Pred Biedenkapp. rule me out and rule bim in? Mr. WHITE. Mr. Chairman, 1f the Eighteenth. National Federation f<>r The CHAIRMAN. The Chair did not gentleman will yield, bow does the gen­ Constitutional Liberties: The Depart­ under.stand tbe gentleman from Massa­ tleman react to the proposition that ment .of Justice said that this organi~a­ chusetts. hours are being devoted here to a di~cus­ tion was clearly communistic; that it Mr. GIFFORD. I asked a parlia­ siun ot' the political opinions of one was doubtful if anyone could be mis­ mentary inquiry . . Why reccg ·ze me, darkey man over in when we takenly a member of that organization. then rule me out and rule him in? 708 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE FEBRUARY 8 The CHAIRMAN. The Chair had not Russia was a figt_ting ally of Hitler's. Sunday night, and they hissed me here recognized the gentleman from Massa­ You cannot say that the influence of Monday morning when I congratulated chusetts. communism and the encouragement of John Hamilton for not sending a dele­ Mr. GIFFORD. I though he looked at communism have just been since Russia gate to speak t<' them, and there was me with a favorable expression on his became our ally. She was the fighting no excuse to defend i.t for the sake of face. ally of Hitler 3 years ago. Communism battle unity. The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will be has been catered to in high places right [Here the gavel fell.] glad to recognize the gentleman later. here in the Capital City. Mr. GIFFORD. Mr. Chairman, I rise Mr. GIFFORD. I have been on my These delegates were told to visit the in opposition to the pro forma amend­ feet so many times I am really tired. next morning the House and Senate gal­ ment. Mr. LUDLOW. Will the gentleman leries. It happened to be Lincoln's Mr. Chairman, this seems to be the yield? Birthday. most important feature of this bill. I do Mr. LAMBERTSON. I yield to the I got up here to defend John Hamilton, not think we are wasting time in con­ gentleman. my constituent, acting chairman of the sidering this amendment. Many very Mr. LUDLOW. Mr. Chairman, I ask National Republican Committee, because prominent and able men regard this as a unanimous consent that all debate on he refused to send a delegate to speak at first step in violation of the constitu­ title I be concluded in 20 minutes, and the Youth Congress. They hissed me tional rights of individt~als and it makes I include all amendments thereto. roundly. I was the best hissed man, me feel a little uncomfortable. I had The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection they said, this House had ever seen, be­ thought that we were simply dropping to the request of the gentleman from cause I congratulated John Hamilton from the rolls someone we did not want Indiana [Mr. LUDLOW]? for not sending a delegate to speak to there. We have done it several times be­ Mr. KEEFE. Mr. Chairman, reserving them. The Democrats had. fore. I can refer to the Saposs case. the right to object, I understand the I ~m just bringing this instance back Not much protest was made, as I recall. gentleman's request to be that all debate to you. It happened 3 years ago. The But now, as indicated by this discussion on title I and all amendments thereto last evidence the gentleman from Texas it is deemed as important as a bill of close in 20 minutes? [Mr. DIES] had was just 3 years old. attainder, as suggested by the gentle­ The CHAIRMAN. Yes. That happened 3 years ago this week. man from California I Mr. FoRD]. How Mr. KEEFE. Title I refers to the Five of them were housed in the White can the gentleman from California talk Treasury Department appropriation bill House. They had their meeting in the about a bill of attainder? By that proc­ only? Labor Building, the department of ess you put a man in jail and hold him. Mr. LUDLOW. I understood there Madam Perkins. The First Lady of the How about those native-born Japanese were no more amendments to title I land spoke to them the last thing Sun­ you put in concentration camps? Did and I think we can easily conclude it in day. you take each and every one of them 20 minutes. While Russia was not our ally then­ and give them an opportunity to prove Mr. KEEFE. So there may be no ques­ keep that in mind, Russia was not our their loyalty? You did not. tion about this, the purport of the gentle­ ally then-we were catering to them Mr. FORD. Mr. Chairman, will the man's request is simply to limit debate because we loved them, we loved their gentleman yield at that point? so far as the Treasury Department ap­ kind. That is the reason they have Mr. GIFFORD. I yield. propriation is concerned? been kept in high places in this Democ­ Mr. FORD. What would the gentle­ Mr. LUDLOW. Yes. racy of ours for the last few years, largely man do with them? Mr. KEEFE. That would permit read­ by that same influence. Mr. GIFFORD. If I followed the gen­ ing of the Post Office Department ap­ Where does the labor racket get its tleman's principle, I would have to see propriation bill and the offering of influence, finally? Is it just Madam that ever~ one of the:.r1 had a day in amendments thereto? Perkins, after all, that holds it up? Who court, and then perhaps in the Supreme Mr. LUDLOW. That is true. is responsible for Madam Perkins? I Court. The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection am fearful of what the set-up we have Mr. FORD. Does Mr. Pickens repre­ to the request of the gentleman from in America today will do after the vic­ sent a country at war with the United Indiana [Mr. LUDLOW]? tory to carry on the Communism that States? There was no objection. has come from over there and festered Mr. GIFFORD. I hope he does not. Mr. LAMBERTSON. Mr. Chairman, I . here. Mr. FORD. Then, what would the did not want to speak today, but I found I just wanted to recite this instance to gentleman do with him? that under the rule tomorrow there is you again. I was so proud of John Mr. GIFFORD. I did not know any­ only going to be 1 hour on the Dies com­ Hamilton, my constituent, the acting thing about William Pickens until this mittee extension and I was fearful I chairman of the Republican Committee, debate opened. I did not even know he could not get time, so I am taking this because he had not sent a delegate to was a colored man. I do not like the 5 minutes now. speak to them. I sat there till 11 o'clock idea. of bringing the color issue upon the I read that page advertisement in the at night, all through Sunday afternoon. flo01 · in this manner. Most of us did not morning paper. One of the pleas was Ate with them in the evelling in the know Mr. Pickens was a colored man. that we should not extend the Dies com­ Labor Department dining room, which That should have nothing to do with it. mittee because we are at war and it was thrown open to them. Why drag that red herring across the might offend Russia. Now, I want to They had Gen. Smedley Butler to trail? We love the colored man. I wish go back 3 years, this week. I attended speak to them a year before. A young he was not colored, because my feeling at that time the Youth Congress Con­ Communist from Veracruz, introducing is more favorable toward him in that vention in Washington which was held the general, undertook to chastise him he may have done something of which in Madam Perkins' big auditorium down for what he and his marines had done he was not fully conscious, in his en­ there in the Labor Building. They were in Veracruz. Smedley, in his direct way, thusiasm to help his race. The gentle­ avowedly Communists. I stayed there just walked up and pushed this young man from Illinois made a splendid all afternoon and all evening and it fin­ Communist away frorfi the mike and speech of defense, but he stated that ished up with a speech of the First Lady started speaking himself. Mr. Pickens was deserted by those with of the land. There were four or five of I see here my colleague from Penn­ whom he had formerly been in company. their leaders housed in the White House. sylvania [Mr. VAN ZANDT]. He and I That is what I thought he said. How This was just 3 years ago this week and with others helped to bury the general could he have been deserted if he had it was on Lincoln's birthday that I rose the very first day of the not previously been in company with here to say something. convention, just out of that city. them? This troubles me. If they had Finland at that time was our hero Nobody denied what the background not been with him, they could not have nation, but every time in that conven­ was of these people. This Youth Con­ deserted him, could they? Who were tion that the name of Finland was men­ gress came here for years. · This was they, who deserted him? tioned it was hissed, and every time Rus­ only 3 years ago. Four or five of them This House is making a very serious sia's name was mentioned the roof was were sleeping in the White House. The matter of this. Mayb~ we should. I raised. Remember that at that time First Lady of the Land addressed them on had not thought it was so serious. 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE . 709 I rather think that if those 38 men which provides that the Congress shall heritance, nor could he sue or testify In any came before the committee personally, pass no bill of attainder. That has not court, or claim any legal protection or rights. accompanied by their attorneys, their anything on earth to do with our right In England attainder upon judgment of treason, or felony was completely abolished attorneys would as usual advise those to withhold money for the purpose of in 1870. men that they ought not to· talk. If paying any one of these ex-Reds. Of they did come before the committee and course, there are no Reds today. In the And by article I, section 9, clause 13, the committee cross-examined them, the twinkling of an eye, in a time too short of the United States Constitution it is committee might even find something to put into words, they became red, provided, in reciting_the powers forbid­ more that they might have to explain. white, and blue not long ago, and, of den to Congress: Are some gentlemen trying to make us course, none of them is going to say now No bill of attainder of ex post facto law believe that we ought to employ a per­ that he is a Communist. What is the shall be pas ~:: ed. language of this bill? son we suspect of disloyalty until all It has been held by the Supreme Court legal processes of a trial are granted? No part of any appropriation contained in of the United States that a statute ex­ Some claim they have had no .trial by a this act shall be used to pay the salary or cluding ex-convicts from the practice of proper tribunal. The gentleman from wages of any person who advocates or who is medicine is not a bill of attainder, even Wisconsin [Mr. KEEFE] and the gentle­ a member of an organization that advocates the overthrow of the Government of the when applied to a person who has been man from Montana [Mr. O'CONNOR] United States by force or violence. convicted of a felony and has served his made a splendid defense of their rights sentence prior to the enactment of the last Friday. We sat here as a jury and That is now. They are not now, of law, and who was again practicing med­ listened to both sides. Were we not the course, but they have been, and we do icine at the time said law was enacted. jury? We heard the plea of these able not have to employ a man who has been What we are doing here is simply re­ lawyers regarding the principle involved that sort of a fellow, or who has kept fusing to take any more of the taxpayers' and voted our verdict. True, there could that sort of company. No man can say money and turn it over to former be no exceptions taken by which the that I have any antipathy toward the enemies of our Government. matter could go to a higher court. Of colored man. The first vote that I cast We are simply saying that we are not course, there was also no chance to chal­ on coming to this Congress was in favor going to appropriate any money to pay lenge and "thin the jury." Each side of an antilynch law for the protection of people like Pickens, and that is all that of the question of principle was well and the rights of the colored people in States we are doing, and no lawyer would ever fully presented and we as jurymen voted' where they had not otherwise been pro­ say that there is a property right in an as we felt we should. I really think that tected, and, for that matter, the rights office, such as the appointive positions oc­ we are making too great an issue of this of anyone whose rights were violated, cupied by these pink and red persons we matter. Why was not the question and were not protected by the officers are attempting to rid the taxpayers of raised when we acted in this manner in sworn to enforce the law. I voted for by refusing to appropriate money for other cases? If these people really de­ the bill to extend the right to the armed their salaries. sire to be heard personally in their own forces of this country to vote without the The CHAIRMAN. The time of the defense, I do hope that privilege-it is payment of a poll tax. I have always gentleman from Tennessee has expired. only a privilege-will be granted. I do been a friend of the colored people, but The Clerk read as follows: not think many would avail themselves the fact that a man's skin happens to be Office of the First Assistant Postmaster of it. They would, of course, detail their black does not give him a license to vio­ General, $570,000. friends to plead for them. late the law. If this man is a Commu­ Mr. FORD. Mr. Chairman, will the nist, or has been a Communist or has Mr. CANNON of Missouri. Mr. Chair­ gentleman yield? associated with them, or if he has been man, I ask unanimous consent to proceed Mr. GIFFORD. If I had the time, I in bed with them, I have a right to look for 5 minutes out of order. would be glad to yield. at him with a suspicious eye. You can­ The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection? The CHAIRMAN. The time of the not lie down with dogs without getting There was no objection. gentleman from Massachusetts has up with :fleas, you cannot fool with pitch Mr. CANNON of Missouri. Mr. Chair­ expired. without becoming defiled, birds of a man, charges made during the consid­ Mr. JENNINGS. Mr. Chairman, I feather :flock together, and when I see a eration of this bill relating to the loyalty move to strike out the la3t word. The fellow coming here from under that sort of empioyees of the Government raise fear has been expressed that if this of in:fiuence, or emanating from that sort an issue requiring prompt and urgent House in its sound judgment refused to of organization, I do not have to ask attention. At any time-even in time take the money of the loyal people of myself whether he is that sort of a fellow of peace-the possibility that there are this country and pay it to men who have today or not. Ordinarily men do not in the service of the Government em­ been affiliated with communistic organ­ change themselves, and I do not know of ployees who are disloyal, or who advo­ izations, that Russia will, on that ac­ but one instance where a man absolutely cate disloyal theories or who are engaged count, quit fighting. became transformed, as it were, in the in subversive activities should be investi­ Mr. LUDLOW. Mr. Chairman, really twinkling of an eye, and that was S::-Jnt gated and acted upon with firmness and this is not germane. Paul, and he afterward went out for dispatch. It is even more imperative Mr. JENNINGS. Mr. Chairman, I ask years in the wilderness and took a course that charges of disloyalty be investigated unanimous consent that I may proceed in repentance before he became a real in time of war when a single disloyal em­ out of order, if I am out of order. apostle. ployee might imperil the safety of our Mr. LUDLOW. I dislike very much Mr. FORD. Mr. Chairman, will the armed forces or the delivery of critical to object-- gentleman yield? material, or the maintenance of public Mr. JENNINGS. Oh, everybody has Mr. JENNINGS. I would rather not. morale itself. been out of order, and I want the privi­ I want to talk a little about this effort on For this reason, and in conformity with lege myself. Secretary Wickard said our part to get rid of these Reds being in the understanding reached in my col­ the other morning that it was our food violation of the provisions of the Federal loquy here on the :floor Friday with the that was keeping Russia in the war. Constitution forbidding the passage of a gentleman from New York [Mr. TABER] Russia is not going to strain at a gnat bill of attainder. Let me give you the that a committee should be appointed and swallow a camel. Russia is fight­ definition of a bill of attainder as it ap­ which could hold hearings and take ap­ ing a victorious war for the preservation pears in Webster's dictionary: propriate action without unnecessary of the liberty of her people, and the in­ Attainder: Extinction of the civil rights delay, and after consultation with the tegrity of her nation, and I yield to no and capacities of a person, consequent upon leaders on both sides of the aisle I shall, sentence of death or outlawry; as, an act of man anywhere in my admiration for the attainder. Formerly attainder was the in­ in accordance with their views, introduce Russian people. I have voted for every separable consequence of a judicial or legisla­ before the House adjourns today a reso­ appropriation to implement their great tive sentence for treason or felony, and lution authorizing a subcommittee of effort. It was said here awhile ago that involved the forfeiture or escheat of all the the Committee on Appropriations, com­ we could not get these men off the pay real and personal property of the condemned posed of five men who have the confi­ roll because that would be a violation of person, and such "corruption of blood" that dence of the House to hear such charges article I, section 9, of the Constitution, he could neither re~eiv~ n~ tran~m~t PY. in· aga_~~~~ _any employee of the G~yernment,. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE FEBRUARY 8 and if the charges are sustained, take promptly, just as rapidly as the ~.ommit­ Mr. HENDRICKS. Mr. Chairman, will immediate action to see that he is tee could proceed. Do I understand the the gentleman yield? promptly separated from the public pay matter correctly? Mr. CANNON of Missouri. I yield to roll. Mr. CANNON of Missouri. The gen­ my friend from Florida. This resolution will be presented to the tleman states the situation clearly and Mr. HENDRICKS. I am in full accord Committee on Rules tomorrow morning accurately. In other words, instead of with the plan the gentleman is now pro­ and will be the first order of business leaving such men in the departments a posing. I proposed the same thing one when the House convenes for tomorrow's day longer than necessary to reach them, year ago to the Appropriations Commit­ session. I trust the resolution will meet this committee will meet and take sum­ tee. I will be delighted to go along with with the approval of the Members of the mary action to dispose of such gentle­ one exception, and that is that when we House. men without waiting for the next bill to have passed this bill today it is too late Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. Mr. be reported. then to do anything about William Pick­ Chairman, will the gentleman yield? [Here the gavel fell.] ens. I am willing to go along with the Mr. CANNON of Missouri. I yield to Mr. TABER. Mr. Chairman, I ask procedure requested, but I say we should the gentleman from Virginia. unanimous consent that the gentleman stick to this one amendment today. Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. Will the may have 5 additional minutes. Mr. CANNON of Missouri. We would gentleman also recite the fact that this The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection? be glad to comply with the gentleman's committee to be appointed from the There was no objection. · suggestion insofar as circumstances Appropriations Committee immediately Mr. LUDLOW. Will the gentleman permit. will hear whatever charges are made and yield? Mr. TABER. Mr. Chairman, will the consider whatever evidence may be in the Mr. CANNON of Missouri. I yield to gentleman yield? possession of the Dies committee or any the gentleman from Indiana. Mr. CANNON of Missouri. I yield to other agency against employees, and will Mr. LUDLOW. Do I understand this the gentleman from New York. also give ample opportunity to the em­ will offer a means of a fair trial in the Mr. TABER. Did the gentleman un­ ployee to present his side of the case, and case covered in this bill, the case of derstand that we were to permit this bill that will not only apply" to future bills William Pickens? to go through with ·the amendment it coming in, but it will apply to names Mr. CANNON of Missouri. His case, now carries throwing Pickens off without which have been discussed and voted on if still pending when the committee is his having an opportunity to be heard? in the last few days, the names of those appointed, will be taken up first. Mr. CANNON of Missouri. This reso­ in the Treasury-Post Office bill, and Mr. STARNES ·of Alabama. Will the lution will be before the House in the names which are in the independent gentleman yield? morning before the vote is taken on the offices bill, which will shortly be before Mr. CANNON of Missouri. I yield to pending bill, and if the proposed com­ the House? In other words, the House the gentleman from Alabama. mittee is afforded time it will be glad to can be assured that there will be prompt Mr. STARNES of Alabama. I want to pass on the Pickens case. But, of course, and serious consideration given to those get this point clear: Unless the House action on the Pickens case is contingent charges and that a report will be brought stands by its action which it has already on the disposition of the amendment­ to the House from a responsible com­ taken in the William Pickens matter, whether it is voted up or down when final mittee of the House and that the House this subcommittee to be appointed has no action is taken on the bill tomorrow. will then be given an opportunity to act power to remove him from the pay roll? Mr. CURTIS. Mr. Chairman, will the with all of the facts before it? The procedure involved here on gentleman yield? Mr. CANNON of Missouri. Under the Pickens is the only procedure we can Mr. CANNON of Missouri. I yield to proposed resolution prompt attention follow in order to reach these men as the gentleman from Nebraska. will be given to charges against em­ we come to the various appropriation Mr. CURTIS. I ·am interested in the ployees paid from funds provided by the bills. type of remedy this special committee two pending bills and all appropriation Mr. CANNON of Missouri. That is will follow. After it has found that some­ bills to be presented at this session of the reason the committee is being ap­ one should be removed from the pay roll the Congress. If there are disloyal em­ pointed. Under the present system there is it proposed to bring in legislation that ployees in any department, they should is no way to reach such cases except must not only pass this body but also pass be removed witliout unnecessary cere­ through the long and tortuous proceed­ the Senate and h~we Executive approval mony or delay. ing of amending an appropriation bill; to get these people out of Federal em­ Mr. TABER. Will the gentleman and inasmuch as the salaries of many ployment? Or does the gentleman ex­ yield? of them are provided for in bills which pect to resort to the method we are fol­ Mr. CANNON of Missouri. I yield to will not come before this House for lowing today, that of denying funds for the gentleman from New York. months, the method provided by the their employment? Mr. TABER. It seems to me that we amendment to the pending bill involves Mr. CANNON of Missouri. We will are faced with this problem: Any limi­ interminable delay. Under the proposed bring in legislation in accordance with tation that is placed upon an individual resolution such cases could be disposed the findings of the committee. appropriation bill relates, of necessity, of in the next ·few days. Mr. CURTIS. But that must be sub­ only to the money that is carried in that Mr. WIGGLESWORTH. Mr. Chair­ mitted to the Senate and also to the particular bill. Many employees of the man, will the gentleman yield? signature of the President. Government are on the pay roll out of Mr. CANNON of Missouri. I yield to Mr. CANNON of Missouri. Certainly. funds that have previously been appro­ the gentleman from Massachusetts, a It would be disposed of in the only way priated. Many of them will be on the member of the committee. in which legislation can be disposed of. pay roll out of funds hereafter to be ap­ Mr. WIGGLES'WORTH. If this pro­ Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. Mr. propriated. Unless there is authority to posal which the gentleman from Mis­ Chairman, will the gentleman yield? bring in a bill which limits anyone who is souri is making goes through tomorrow Mr. CANNON of Missouri. I yield to iound guilty from receiving money from as it is suggested, would it be contem­ the gentleman from Virginia. the Federal Treasury, that has hereto­ plated that the cases included in the Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. I may fore or will hereafter be appropriated, Independent Offices bill would be dis­ say in reply to the gentleman from we will accomplish nothing. That is what posed of before that bill is read for Nebraska that the procedure being fol­ I conceive to be one of the things that amendment on the floor? lowed in the present instance is no differ­ might be accomplished under the gentle­ Mr. CANNON of Missouri. It is not ent, for this bill must pass not only this man's resolution. expected that the Independent Offices body, it must pass the Senate and must In addition to that, it would give every bill will be taken up in the House before be signed by the President. person who is accused a fair and im­ Monday. In the meantime this commit­ Mr. CURTIS. But this item is part of :partial trial before a special committee, tee will meet as soon as authorized and a larger bill. ,that I understand the gentleman would should be able to tal{e up the seven cases Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. That is appoint if the resolution were agreed in the Independent Offices bill before true. I believe, however, that there is ...to, and that the thing would be done ~h~t bill is called up for consideration• some confusion here that ought to be 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD_:._HOUSE 711 cleared up about the Pickens case, I ceE!dings by which the Pickens amend­ proved himself innocent. I feel every may say to the gentleman from Missouri; ment was adopted, thereby dealing with man should receive the same chance and I do not th1nk that is clear. the Pickens case exactly the same as we opportunity. Mr. CANNON of Missouri. Let me deal with all the other similar cases, in.­ Mr. CANNON of Missouri. That is the make it a little clearer: If it can be ar­ cluding the 38 cases discussed in this purpose of tbe resolution. Every man ranged to defer action on the Pickens debate? I am going to vote to continue woUld have his day in court. There case tomorrow, or if the House votes the Dies committee. But in fairness to would be no star chamber proceedings. down the amendment, if a vote is taken everybody, including our membership, I [Here the gavel fell.J tomorrow, this committee will have au­ think the gentleman who offered the Mr. CURTlS. Mr. Chairman, I move thority to take up the case and hear it, Pickens amendment--the gentleman to strike out the last two words. and bring in legislation for its disposi­ from Florida [Mr. · HENDRICKSJ-should Mr. LUDLOW. Will the gentleman tion. assist in vacating the proceeding adopt­ yield to see if we can reach an agreement [Here the gavel fell.] ing the Pickens amendment in the com­ on time? Mr. LUDLOW. Mr. Chairman, I ask mittee. Mr. ~TJRTIS. I yield to the gentle­ unanimous consent that the gentleman Mr. CANNON of Missouri. Doubtless man from Indiana. may proceed for 5 additional minutes. the gentleman would prefer to submit Mr. LUDLOW. Mr. Ghairman, I ask The CHAIRMAN. Without objection that question to the gentleman from unanimous consent that all debate on it is so ordered. Flqrida [Mr. HENDRICKS]. this proposal close in 10 minutes. There was no objection. Mr. HENDRICKS. Is a question of The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection Mr. FISH. Mr. Chairman, will the vacating the proceedings on that amend­ to the request of the gentleman from gentleman yield? ment pending? Indiana LMt. LUDLOWJ? Mr. CANNON of :Missouri. I. yield to Mr. CANNON of Missouri. The gen­ There was no objection. the gentleman from New York. tleman from Michigan wishes to address Mr. CURTIS. Mr. Chairman, if :r un­ Mr. FISH. What is the purpose of a que-stion to the gentleman from derstand the proposal correctly, it would asklng for a special rule? I wish to clari­ Florida. authorize a subcommittee of the Appro­ fy the situation; what is the purpose Mr. HENDRICKS. Let me make this priations Committee to hold hearings. of asking for a special rule if it is not to clear. I am perfectly in accord with In turn if they found that someone send the name of William Pickens to the the chairman's proposal to set up a com­ should not be on tl~e pay roll they would Appropriations Committee for their con­ mittee. As I said a moment ago, I pro­ bring in s-pecial legislation barring that sideration? Is that one of the purposes posed that a year ago. We could have person from the Government :pay roll. in asking for this special rule? had it working now and we could have This means that we would rely on sep­ of Mr. CANNON Missouri. The pur­ given everybody a fair hearing. I h~we arate legislation that must pass that pose in asking for the special rnle is to just talked with William Pickens on the "other body" and be signed by the Presi­ authoritatively adjudicate all charges of phone and I told him that this amend­ dent. disloyalty of employees who draw their ment may or may not go through, but It just will not work. I have seen leg­ salaries from funds provided by the in case it did, before it reached the Sen ... islation pass this House before, go over supply bills. ate he would have an opportunity to be to another body and then disappear. Mr. FISH. All of them, including the heard before this committee and if he Where is the Smith bill now? As well as Pickens case? cleared himself then the Senate could other meritor.ious measures. The fram­ Mr. CANNON of Missouri. Including take it out or we would do -it in confer­ ers of this Government gave the House the Pickens case if it is not sooner dis­ ence. I do not agree to vacate these pro­ of REtl)resentatives the authority to start posed of by the House. ceedingS' now because if we have passed appropriation bills. I do not believe any­ Mr. FISH. Does the gentleman intend this bill, even though he may be found one here feels that we can take anybody to dispose of the Pickens case before this guilty of communistic activities, we may off the pay roll unless we withhold the bill is completed? not be .able to reach him. I am in ac­ funds for that purpose. So far as I am Mr. CANNON of Missouri. We hardly cord with the agreement on these other concerned, this appropriation bill, in my have time. The pending approprtation matters. I think we ought to give him an opinion, ought to be recommitted to the bill is scheduled for final action tomor.­ opportunity to clear himself and take it Committee on Appropriations until it row; but should the House fail to act on out in conference. holds a hearing and determines whether the Pickens case, or should it vote down Mr. MICHENER. It might place m9,ny or not Mr. Pickens should be employed. the amendment then the proposed com­ sincere, honest persons in this body in I do not believe anyone here holds any mittee will deal with the Pickens case the wrong position when the roll call hope that this proposed corrective legis­ first. Mr. FISH. The gentleman is asking on the Pickens amendment comes to­ lation, if brought in· by the Appropria­ for a special rule-and I am in sympathy morrow before the special committee has tions Committee, will be passed by the with him-to send the Pickens case to had an opportunity to give Pickens the Senate and given Executive approval. same forum for a hearing the same as Such a propGsal would merely be a means the Appropriations Committee with the for getting these appropriations through other 37 names so they can decide on the the 37 others accused. The Dies com­ merits of each. case. mittee, something like a grand jury, has the House without amendments denying Mr. CANNON of Missouri. Of course, investigated and presents an indictment. funds to subversive individuals. If the House should prior to that time Pickens should be accorded the same Mr. JENNINGS. Will the gentleman make final dispositlion of the case, that is treatment as the other 37 indicted. I yield? something else. shall vote to give him consideration. Mr. CURTIS. I yield to the gentleman Mr. MICHENER. Will the gentleman Mt. HENDRICKS. I know everybody from Tennessee. yield? wants to be fair, but under the evidence Mr. JENNINGS. If this committee re­ Mr. GANNON of Missouri. I· yi.eld to given this House up to now, I could not ported Mr. Pickens or any one of those the gentleman from Michigan. possibly agree to withdrawal of this other 38 of his associates as communistic, Mr. MICHENER. As 1. understand the amendment. and then brought in a: bill providing that situation, it is this: The present bill has Mr. FITZPATRICK. Will the g.entle­ they be not eligible to appointment or to been amended, disposing of the Pickens man yield? serve under this Government, does the case. The chairman of the Committee Mr. CANNON of Missouri. I yield to gentleman believe such bill would ever o·n Appropriations, the gentleman from the gentleman from New York. become law? Missouri [Mr. CANNON], suggests that Mr. FIIT'ZPATRICK. I would like to Mr. CURTIS. I do not. But in the his committee will sulnnit to the Rules state to the chairman of the Approprial.. meantime the appro'Priations here dis­ Committee a resolution creating a spe­ tions Co.rnmittee that last year the Sub­ cussed would have passed beyond our cial committee consisting of members of committee viatiohs Committee to inv.es:.. eliminated a. name from the pay roll. am in favor not only of recommitting this tigate these Dies cases and all trus type That man was called before the com­ bill to the Appropriations Committee, but of cases. In these circumstances would mittee later on and before we made our I do not want the Appropriations Com­ it not be well to ask to vacate the pro- final report, he was restored because he mittee to bring in a bill for any amount 712 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE FEBRUARY 8 unless they have ascertained that none the same thing in regard to these sub­ Mr. TABER: I yield to the gentleman of it will go to subversive sources or per­ versive individuals. from Texas. sons. I believe this body has the right to Mr. FISH. Mr. Chairman, will the Mr. MANSFIELD of Texas. I do not expect that of the Appropriations Com­ gentleman yield? like the idea of either convicting or mittee. If the Hendricks amendment is Mr. CURTIS. I yield to the gentleman acquitting a man until we hear... the evi­ rejected because Pickens has not had a from New York. dence. hearing, then the bill should be recom­ Mr. FISH. I believe the gentleman Mr. TABER. I do not, either. mitted to give him one. has presented to the House a very sound Mr. MANSFIELD of Texas. Why not Mr. MUNDT. Will the gentleman program indicating the way out, and that postpone action on this bill until this yield? is simply this: There is no hurry about committee acts? Mr. CURTIS. I yield to the gentleman this legislation. It does not go into effect Mr. TABER. That could be done if from South Dakota. until the 1st of July. Why not hold up the House elected to do that. Of course, Mr; MUNDT. I wonder if we cannot this legislation for a period of 1 week? that would have -to be done with the arrive at a happy solution to this whole It will affect the rights of nobody. approval of the leadership, and I would problem and enable the House to reverse Within a week the Committee on Appro­ not have authority to make any such its tentative proposition in reference to priations can come back and decide on statement as that. the Pickens matter without losing its the Pickens case, if we present the rule Mr. CRAWFORD. Mr. Chairman, will authority of depriving him of a place on tomorrow, and then we will have accom­ the gentleman yield? the Government pay roll by having a pub­ plished exactly what the gentleman Mr. TABER. I yield to the gentleman lic statement of the chairman of the Ap­ wants. from Michigan. propriations Committee now that if this Mr. CURTIS. They do not need a rule. Mr. CRAWFORD. I wish to submit resolution which he will submit tomor­ The committee ought not ever to ask us two questions. One is this. If this sub­ row passes he will withhold bringing the to appropriate money for subversive in­ committee is created, can it function bill back from conference until the com­ dividuals. Again I say if the Hendricks quickly enough from time to time so as mittee has disposed of the Pickens case amendment is defeated the bill ought to to meet the demands of the House before and made a recommendation one way or the appropriation is voted upon? be recommitted. Question No. 2 is this: Will this com­ the other? [Here the gavel fell.J Mr. CANNON of Missouri. The gen­ mittee as it functions from time to tleman wants to postpone bringing this Mr. TABER. Mr. Chairman, I move time depend upon the Dies committee bill back from conference? to strike out the last two words. to furnish names and give the stimula­ Mr. MUNDT. I would like to know Mr. Chairman, just so the Members tion, or will it have the effect of displac­ whether the gentleman would be willing may understand the situation clearly, I ing or making unnecessary the Dies com­ to assure the House that he will postpone wish to mal{e three or four statements. mittee? bringing the bill back for final action un­ It has been the practice when these Mr. TABER. This committee will not til the Pickens case has been disposed of. persons who have been accused of sub­ in any way take the place of the Dies Mr. CANNON of Missouri. It is a versive activities by the Dies committee committee. It will not undertake an rather serious action to hold up a bill of have been removed by a limitation on an initial investigation or anything of that this character carrying all the appro­ appropriation bill for them to slide im­ character. It will take the accusations priations it does, but I may say that if an mediately on to another pay roll, and that have been made, call in these people, agreement could be reached with the there has been nothing to stop them. ask them if they have any defense to gentleman from Florida under which we There are one or two ways of reaching offer, and hear that defense; and if it would vacate the proceedings, we would this situation, and these ways ought not is necessary to hear rebuttal evidence, get much quicker action on the Pickens to be attempted until the hearings can they will have to hear it so that they can case than otherwise, because this bill will be completed. The carrying of this pro­ make a decent determination of what­ not be back from conference for 2 months, vision upon the appropriation bill will ever is to be done. whereas the resolution we would intro­ accomplish no immediate purpose. One Mr. CRAWFORD. What does the duce to dismiss all the men who are found way would be this. After hearings have gentleman think as to the rapidity with to be disloyal will be back within a few been had upon all the 38, bring in a which the committee can function? days. rider on an appropriation bill of a de­ Mr. TABER. I do not know how many Mr. CURTIS. Mr. Chairman, I decline ficiency character, which could apply to cases there are. There are 39 or 40 to to yield further. every appropriation, past and future, so start with, I suppose. If there are 1,400, that none of those who were found guilty we could not possibly reach a determina­ I hope, however, that the chairman of tion upon that many in time to have the Committee on Appropriations will of subversive activities could draw pay. That would be effective, and it is about it incorporated in a bill of this type. agree to have this bill recommitted so Mr. CRAWFORD. But you might in a that they can determine the Pickens case the only way you could be absolutely sure of having an effective means of carrying deficiency bill? before any money is appropriated for him Mr. TABER. It could be done in a by this House. The people back home do out your purpose. It would be more cer­ tain to be effective than a separate reso­ deficiency bill, but we would have to do not want you to pay their money to sub­ it piecemeal if such a very large number versive individuals. We should not pass lution, although a separate resolution would accomplish it if it could be passed were involved. this bill until the Appropriations Com­ Mr. HENDRICKS. In regard to the mittee have held hearings concerning Mr. by the Senate and signed by the Presi­ dent. bill that is before us now, there is only Pickens. one man affected, and it would not take Mr. DONDERO. Mr. Chairman, will Mr. HENDRICKS. Mr. Chairman, will very long to clear that up, if the com­ the gentleman yield? the gentleman yield? mittee will recommit the bill until such Mr. CUR'PIS. I yield to the gentleman Mr. TABER. I yield to the gentleman time as the subcommittee has had to take from Michigan. from Florida. care of the matter. Mr. DONDERO. Did it require any Mr. HENDRICKS. I believe one of the Mr. TABER. We do not need to re­ legislation to put any of these people on gentleman's plans is very good, but sup­ commit the bill. All we have to do is to the pay roll? pose we do pass a resolution with all leave it on the Speaker's table without Mr. CURTIS. It did not. these names in it, and then the President calling it up for a final vote. In the Mr. DONDERO. If that is true, and it vetoes it, where would we be? present temper of the House, I do not is true, then why should not the same Mr. TABER. You would not be any­ think it is satisfied that the matter has power that put them on the pay roll re­ where. You would have to start afresh. been gone into far enough so that it is move them, without asking Congress to But if you had it tied on as a rider to a prepared to vote: take action?· major deficiency bill it would go through The CHAIRMAN. The time of the Mr. CURTIS. It should. At this time quickly, and I do not believe it would gentleman from New York has expired. the Committee on Appropriations is sift"­ have a veto. The Clerk read as follows: ing the activities to which they think Mr. MANSFIELD of Texas. Mr. Office of the Second Assistant Postmaster money should be supplied. It should do Chairman, will the gentleman yield? General, $460,000. 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 713 Mr. MUNDT. Mr. Chairman, I offer routine and would involve a delay which Mr. HENDRICKS. I just want to cor­ the following preferential motion which the House would not want to encourage rect one impression which perhaps the I send to the desk. or approve. gentleman did not intend to leave. If The Clerk read as follows: Mr. POWERS. Mr. Chairman, Will the we adopt this amendment to this bill, Mr. MUNDT moves that the Committee do gentleman yield? that does not prevent your still taking now rise with instructions that it report Mr. CANNON of Missouri. I yield to action by your subcommittee~ because the bill back with the recommendation that the gentleman from New Jersey. even if we adopt this amendment, we the enacting clause be stricken out. Mr. POWERS. I agree with the gen­ can still go on and act. Mr. MUNDT. Mr. Chairman, this is tleman that the bill should not be re­ Mr. CANNON of Missouri. Such a in no sense a pro forma amendment, but committed, but why can we not reach contemplated committee would not feel I offer it in strict sincerity, believing this an agreement like this, that after the bill warranted in attempting to override is one effective way for the House to is read, that it should lie upon the formal action by the House. A member Speaker's table, and we should not vote in heartiest sympathy w'th the amend­ extricate itself from a rather difficult upon situation. Perhaps during my remarks it and in the meantime a subcom­ ment would be justified in voting against mittee could call Mr. Pickens anct give the amendment tomorrow in order to get or afterward somebody will propose some him a hearing, and report back to the more convenient solution. We have just quicker and more carefully considered House in 2 or 3 days, and then we could action b~ the special committee. heard the ranking member on the Re­ vote on the bill. publican side of the Committee on Ap­ Mr. THOMAS of New Jersey. Will th.e Mr. CANNON of Missouri. I am anx­ gentleman y:eid? propriations say that it would not in any ious to cooperate with my friend from way embarrass the functions of the De­ Mr. CANNON of Missouri. I yield to New Jersey in the matter, but this is a the gentleman from New Jersey. partment if these appropriations and the large and important bill. Many items decision upon the matter before us were are urgent. For that reason I would not Mr. THOMAS of New Jersey. I want postponed for 2 or · 3 weeks. We have feel warranted in delaying it on account to say to the chairman of the Appropria­ heard the chairman of the Committee of one comparatively inconsequential tions Committee and to the House that in on Appropriations say they could take amendment, the disposition of which is consideration of this new resolution that up the case of Pickens and determine it not yet assured. For it should be re­ the Rules Committee will bring up to­ on short notice, and it seems to me that mtmbered when the amendment comes morrow, we should keep in i:nind that we are not in a position to vote today up for a vote tomorrow, that the vote there are not just these 38 names. either for or against Mr. Pickens, and will not be on the merits of the amend­ There will be hundreds of names, because unless we do recommit this bill we can ment, but on the question of deferring as soon as this resolution is passed some have no assurance but that somebody action on the Pickens case until a com­ members of the Dies committee will will move to bring the bill to a roll call mittee can hear it and dispose of it and recommend to the investigators that they and thus compel us to vote yes or no. similar cases on evidence from both review all the files, and I daresay that we .I think we should exercise our parlia­ sides. As a matter of fact, when the will be able to submit to your committee, mentary function and recommit this bill amendment comes up for a vote tomor­ if it is created, hundreds and hundreds or by some other device give the Appro­ row the question actually before the o..: governmental employees who have the priations Committee time to establish House will be whether it shall be dis­ same kind of record that Mr. Pickens has. a special committee, to bring in evidence posed of with expedition and celerity by Mr. CANNON of Missouri. Any em­ for or against Mr. Pickens, and bring a special committee or whether it will be ployee against whom charges of disloy­ back a recommendation that he should left in the bill to finally be acted on when alty are brought should have a full and either be excluded from the pay roll or this bill cotnes back from conference fair hearing. That is the purpose of the not. Then we can vote as intelligent some weeks, if not months, after the spe­ resolution; to expedite the· proceedings legislators. I see no reason why we cial committee has reported. and to secure prompt separation from the should debate this thing by 5-minute A vote tomorrow would not be a vote pay roll. stretches all afternoon and into the eve­ on conviction, on whether a man is a The CHAffiMAN. The time of the ning. This is at least one positive way Communist or is disloyal to his Govern­ gentleman has expired. Of disposing of it. Mr. Pickens will be ment; on whether he should be taken off Mr .. MUNDT. Mr. Chairman, I ask given a fair hearing, and this House can or left on the pay roll. The question unanimous consent to proceed for 2 ·proceed in an orderly manner. would be whetl:.er you favor turning all minutes. ' Mr. CANNON of Missouri. Mr. Chair­ such charges over to a special committee, The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection? man, I rise in opposition to the motion authorized to dispose of them speedily There was no objection. to strike out the enacting clause. I and authoritatively, in accordance with Mr. MUNDT. I wish to interrogate the hardly think the gentleman's motion the views expressed by the gentleman chairman of the Appropriations Com­ will be taken seriously by the House, but from New York [Mr. TABER]. mittee, because I appreciate some of the it might be well to call attention to the Mr. POWERS. Why is it necessary to difficulties he has set forth if my motion routine that would result if the motion form another subcommittee of the Com­ to recommit does prevail. I wonder if should be agreed to. To strike out the mittee on Appropriations to handle this I were to withdraw my motion whether enacting clause would mean that the bill ·matter? Why cannot the present sub­ the gentleman from Missouri, as chair­ is dead. It would be reintroduced de committee handle it, as the subcommit­ man of the Committee on Appropriations, novo and we would have to start all over tee on the Independent Offices bill has would be willing to assure the House that again. While it would not be necessary been doing? he would carry out some such suggestion to duplicate much of the detailed work Mr. CANNON of Missouri. The pres­ as that made by the gentleman from New we have already done on the bill, we ent subcommittees are authorized to hold Jersey [Mr. PowERS], that is, to keep the would have to again start from the be­ hearings but are not authorized to take bill on the Speaker's table until the ginning and make up the bill, and the immediate action. They cannot take Pickens problem could be decided by the subcommittee would have· to report it action until their particular bill comes subcommittee of the Appropriations baclc to the main committee, and the up, which may be 4 months away, and Committee? main committee to the House, and in if there are disloyal men on the pay roll, Mr. CANNON of Missouri. The gen­ that way we would throw added work on the quicker they are taken off the better. tleman from Indiana [Mr. LUDLOW] is already overburden~d members of the Mr. TABER. The question raised by directly in charge of this bill. I am only committee and lose valuable time. We the gentleman from New Jersey is, if you one member of the committee. will have difficulty in getting all the carry a limitation in one appropriation Mr. MUNDT. May I ask the gentle­ supply bills through by the end of the bill, it relatP.s only to that bill, and that man from Indiana, the chairman of the fiscal year as it is, and to take such same man can be on another appropria­ subcommittee, if we may have his assur­ action as that contemplated by the mo­ tion. The whole thing ought to be ance that if no motion to recommit is tion of the gentleman would be to throw cleaned up, and it ought to be cleaned passed, and we proceed now in an orderly upon the committee and upon Members up in such a way that it would relate to fashion, that he will keep the b ~ ll on the of the House a burden of unnecessary every appropriation out of the Treasury. Speaker's table and not ask for a final 714 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE FEBRUARY 8 decision until the Appropriations Com­ Mr. POWERS. I ask unanimous con­ rush about the passage of this appropria­ mittee has had an opportunity to con­ sent that the gentleman's time be ex­ tion act. The money cannot be made sider the Pickens case itself? tended 5 minutes. available before July 1 in all events. By Mr. LUDLOW. I am afraid the gen­ :Mr. HOFFMAN. Reserving the right deferring final action on this bill for a tleman is asking me something that I to object, who do you want it for? For few days the Appropriations Committee cannot promise. yourself or somebody else? can bring this House a special report Mr. POWERS. Will the gentleman Mr. MUNDT. I want time enough for after hearing what Pickens himself has yield? the majority leader to finish his state­ to say. Mr. MUNDT. I yield. ment and then I have a comment to Mr. McCORMACK. I am not so sure Mr. POWERS. As chairman of the make. about that. subcommittee, the gentleman from Indi­ The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection? Mr. HENDRICKS. Mr. Chairman, ana [Mr. LunLowJ should be able to tell There was no objection. will the gentleman yield? you that. If he cannot, the chairman Mr. McCORMACK. It seems to me Mr. MUNDT. I yield. of the Appropriations Committee is the leadership has presented to the Mr. HENDRICKS. Mr. Chairman, I present. House a fair proposition and it ought to am getting a little impatient with all this Mr. MUNDT. May I ask the gentle- be accepted. Anyone voting to eliminate talk saying this is a spectacle. We have . rnan from Indiana, as chairman of the this amendment is not voting on the done it before. Furthermore, this ap­ subcommittee, whether he will use his merits involved, because certainly the propriation bill will not become effective influence in that direction? May I di­ debate this afternoon has clarified that until July, and even though this man's rect my question to the majority leader situation. From my personal reaction, name is included this proposed special to see if we can get an answer? vVe as far as the resolution is concerned, committee can still go ahead and make are all confronted with the same prob­ after participating in the conference, I its findings. I see no reason why we lem. think the resolution is for the best in­ should make a mountain out of a mole­ Mr. McCORMACK. It is a rather terests of the House. It is for the best hill. amusing situation. Just giving my indi­ interests of the integrity of the House. Mr. McCORMACK. We would still be vidual views-! have kept out of this­ I think if we are going to give everyone faced with the same proposition in the personally I think the adoption of the else an opportunity to be heard by this next appropriation bill, and in the next amendment was unwise. The leader­ committee, it is only fair that this par­ appropriation bill, and so on straight ship on both sides have now offered a ticular gentleman whose name happens down the line. The leadership is offering proposition which is fair. It is con­ to be Pickens, should also be given the a solution whereby the Committee on sistent with the fundamentals of decency same oppm:tunity. Appropriations can set up a subcommit­ and of Anglo-Saxon law. I do not want Mr. MUNDT. Before yielding further tee which shall have the power of sub­ to be convicted without an opportunity I should like to say to the majority pena, to summon witnesses before it and to be heard. God knows I do not want leader that I agree in everything that pass upon the facts. the other fellow convicted without an he says. Apparently hem st have mis­ Mr. MUNDT. Is it the opinion of the opportunity to be heard. If my friend is understood my question relayed from the majority leader that if the House re­ asking me to portray to the country that chairman of the Appropriations Com­ verses its position and exempts Pickens this great House must hold up an appro­ mittee to the chairman of the subcom­ from this employment embargo, passes priation bill carrying an appropriation mittee to him. the bill in its original form, and should of over $1,000,000,000 in order to deter­ I am trying to seek some way in which the Appropriations Committee later find mine the question of one man's status­ we can apply the principle of giving this that this man should be stricken from well, as far as I am concerned, speak­ man Pickens a chance to be heard before the rolls because of his subversive activi­ ing personally-and I am only speaking we act either one way or the other; try­ ties, would the Appropriations Commit­ personally now because my own individ­ ing to find a concrete way in which that tee representatives in conference be em­ ual views sometimes conflict with my can be done. We find ourselves, how­ powered to remove Pickens from the pay views as majority leader-speaking per­ ever, in this position: An amendment roll? sonally I have too much love and respect adopted in the Committee of the Whole Mr. McCORMACK. No; they would for this House as an individual Member is to be resubmitted for a vote in the not have that power, because if the bill to see the House hold up final passage of House; so I was wondering whether the passes the House with Pickens' name out a bill after it has been concluded because majority leader could explain some par­ and passes the Senate with Pickens' name of this one question involved, when the liamentary device whereby we Ehouid not out, the conferees, in my opinion, would leadership on both sides is presenting to be called upon to vote either for or not have the power to insert his name the House a proposition that is based on against Pickens on a roll-call vote until back in the bill. That is my opinion. fairness; that a man always be given a the case has been further heard. I Mr. MUNDT. In that event, unless reasonable opportunity to present his suggested, or rather the gentleman from final action on this bill is deferred until side of the case. I do not know who New Jersey suggested, that by letting the the Appropriations Committee can in­ Pickens is. I did not know what his bill lie on the Speaker's table for a day vestigate Mr. Pickens or imless the Sen­ color was. I do not care what a man's or two until the Appropriations Commit­ ate votes Mr. Pickens out, we might still race, color, or religion is. We have to be tee had heard Pickens we could accom­ find him holding office after we had lost tolerant and understanding among our­ plish that. all power of ouster and given approval selves. One of the basic considerations Mr. McCORMACK. And it was to to his salary. I shall not press for a vote of our democratic form of government is that suggestion that I addressed myself on my motion to recommit, but I hope to give a man an opportunity to be heard particularly, Personally I think it would some method may be worked out so this when he is accused. be unwise because we would present to body, after having access to all the facts·, I do not know whether he is guilty or the country the spectacle of holding up can exercise its right to bar Pickens from not. But we are giving him the oppor­ final action on an important appropria­ the pay roll if no flaw is found in the tunity. The gentleman from New Jer­ tion bill because of one individual em­ evidence which the gentleman from sey [Mr. THOMAS] said there would be ployee of a department. That is not Texas [Mr. DIEs] has presented and several hundred. That is all the more going to inure to the benefit of the which makes a mighty damaging case reason for a committee of this kind. We House. Certainly we ought to be able to against Mr. Pickens. I want him to certainly cannot come before the country assume our responsibility, but as leader have a right to be heard, and I want this w:ith the spectacle that has been gone I naturally would confer with others, House to have the right to remove ap­ through with .here in the last few days, and in such conference-! will be frank­ pointees from office who may be either on every appropriation bill. · All the more ! would express my views as I have stated unfit or un-American, or both. I hope reason why a committee of this kind them now. both of these rights may be protected in should be appointed. Mr. MUNDT. The gentleman appreci­ the case in point. The CHAIRMAN. The time of the ated that. Technically speaking, we are Mr. LUDLOW. I ask the gentleman gentleman from South Dakota has ex­ not voting either for or against Pickens from Florida [Mr. HENDRICKS], to sim­ pired. in the present bill. There is no urgent plify this situation and see that justice 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 715 is done, why he does not ask that the Committee during the Seventy-sixth and which they deserve, and also some other vote by which his amendment would Seventy-seventh Congresses. During ·postal employees in the lower pay pass. to be vacated? I do not think we that time I learned something about the brackets. ought to make fish of one and fowl of personnel and the functions of that De­ Mr. HARE. Will the gentleman yield? another; I think Pickens should have ex- partment and have the highest regard Mr. JENSEN. I yield to the gentle­ actly the same kind of trial as all the for the Department, but, strictly speak­ man from South Carolina. others. Why not vacate this vote and ing, this is legislation on an appropria­ Mr. HARE. And we could give some treat him as we treat the others? Why tion bill. I think this should have gone service on the holidays we are going to not treat all alike? · before the proper committee, the Post have this year fo:r the rural carriers? Mr. HENDRICKS. Mr. Chairman, re- Office and Post Roads Committee, before Mr. JENSEN. Yes; we could do a lot plying to the gentleman from Indiana, I it went to the Appropriations Committee. of things. Mr. Chairman, I hope my would remind him that last year we did The Post Office and Post Roads Com­ amendment. will be agreed to. not give David Lasser a hearing; we just mittee is headed by the able gentleman [Here the gavel fell.] cut him off. We did not call others in, from Virginia [Mr. BuRCH], for whom I The CHAIRMAN. The Chair recog­ and I do not see any reason why we have the highest regard. He has done a nizes the gentleman from should call this man in. fine work, and the other members of tfie [Mr. H. CARL ANDERSEN]. [Here the gavel fell.] committee have done fine work. I know Mr. H. CARL ANDERSEN. Mr. Chair­ The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman he would allow all the hearings neces­ man, the amendment offered by the gen­ from South Dakota insist on his prefer- sary and the proper consideration to this tleman from Iowa [Mr. JENSEN], in my ential mation? new set-up. opinion, merits the support of every Mr. MUNDT. Mr. C.hairman,. I ask It does not take a smart man to know Member of this House. The gentleman unanimous consent to withdraw my that during these very abnormal times from Iowa [Mr. JENSEN] has been· a preferential motion. any cost ascertainment figures a:rrived at member of the Committee on the Post The CHAIRMAN. Without objection, today will be completely upset and use- Office and Post Roads for the last 4 years. the motion is withdrawn. less tomorrow, and this will hold true Personally I have served on that com­ There was no objection. until the war is over and for quite some mittee for one term, and I am glad to The Clerk read as follows: time afterward. back hi.m up in this amendment which Bureau of Accounts, $300,000. Mr. Chairman, this is no time to take will prevent the beginning at tilts time 3.0, 40, or 50 people away from essential of another division of a bureau. The Mr. JENSEN. Mr. Chairman, I offer industries and put them in this new Bu­ adoption of Mr. JENSEN's amendment an amendment. The Clerk read as follows: reau or in this new set-up. Every one will keep from developing in this vast of us has promised our people that we mushroom of bureaucracy another cell, Amendment offered by Mr. JENSEN: Page would not create any new or unnecessary· to be nurtured by hundreds of thousands 33, line 13, after the word "account", strike governmental set-ups. Whether you call of dollars of the taxpayers' money, whose out $30o,ooo and insert. "$133•640·" them bureaus or not, it is a new set-up. administrators will keep coming back to Mr. LUDLOW. Mr. Chairman, I ask Our manpower problem is very desperate us year after year and not request a mere unanimous consent that all debate on right now. We do not want to take these $166,000 but, in a saort time, $500,000, . this paragraph and all amendments men from the farms or from the facto­ perhaps in a few years, to keep 3.00 or 4.00. thereto close in 10 minutes. ries or from other essential industry and men instead of 40 now asked for in jobs. Mr. TABER. Mr_ Chairman, I think put them in this new set-up, which, in Such is bw·eaucracy. Give it free rein more debate should be allowed than my estimation, will serve no good pur- and it will throttle individual initiative that; I shall have to object. pose, especially at this time. and eventually bankrupt our Nation. Mr. LUDLOW. Mr. Chairman, I ask I earnestly plead with the Members to We have had a lot of discussion about unanimous consent that all debate on think well before they vote, for certainly bureaucrats and bureaucracy. Now is this paragraph and all amendments if we !et the great reorganizers start re­ the time ta act. If you Members of this thereto close in 20 minutes. organizing the Post Office Department~ House mean what you have been talking Mr. HOFFMAN. Mr. Chairman, re- which has been almost· simon pure for all about, you will look over this amendment serving the right to object, is it the gen- these years, that Department will soon very carefully that has been offered by tleman's intention to finish the bill to- be in the very same flx as all other de­ the gentleman from Iowa and try to cut day? partments of the Government ftrid them- the head off of this-beginning of an­ Mr~ LUDLOW. That is our expecta- selves in today. I am sure none of us other--division or another bureau before tion. want to have that to happen. you let. it proceed to swallow up $166,000. Mr. HOFFMAN. And vote on it to- Mr. HOFFMAN. Will the gentleman Yes; I know that $166-,000 is mere chicken day? yield? feed to some, but to me it still represents Mr. LUDLOW. No. We will vote on it Mr. JENSEN. I yield to the gentle- a sizable hunk of money. Unless we tomorrow, but we will finish it under man from Michigan. chisel away and knock off these corners, the 5-minute rule today. Mr. HOFFMAN. I could not hear 9,11 the savings that we have promised our The CHAffiMAN. Is there objection the gentleman said, but I got the idea people we would try to make will not be to the request of the gentleman from that this is some new agency that is effectuated. Indiana rMr. LUDLOW]? being set UIT. Up to now we have done without this There was no objection. Mr. JENSEN. It is not a new agency. division. Why do we need it just now? Mr. JENSEN. Mr. Chairman, my It is a new cost accounting system which Is it not rather foolish to start in trying amendment reduces the amount which I maintain will be of no use. I contend to establish a new section with which to the committee allowed the Bureau of Ac- that any costs which are arrived at to­ ascertain cost in a division or in a depart­ counts in this bill from $300,000 to $133:,- day during these abnormal times in this ment at a time when costs are abnormal? 630, which is the same amount allowed Department will be of no use. They will The Post Oilice Department has been this Bureau last year. This amount has not hold good :for any length ef time, able to give very good figures on cost of been asked for to establish a new cost anyway, and we are just wasting a rot of various operations to our committees accounting system in the Accounts Bu- money starting another set-up here heretofore. The time to have com­ reau. I will read what it says here on which will take the employment ef 30, menced such a division, if it ever has page 14 of the report: 40, or 50 people away from essential in- been needed, was a long time ago and The amount carried rn thi~ bill, $300,000, dustry where they are so desperately not at a time when everything is out of ts $28',200 below the Budget estimate of needed :now. kilter. Surely we can find a better place $328,200 and $166,360 above the total appro- I can see no reason at all why this for these 4'0 or 50 men and women to pr1atlon of $133,640 for 1943. The large in- $16.6,640 of the taxpayers' money shou!d work than to start another division or crease 1n this item is required to establiSh a. be spent in this way. another bureau. The Lord only knows new cast accounting system ill the J;>ostal If we want to do something for the to what extent,. in 20 years, this begin­ Service. Postal Service, if we want to spend some ning of another octopus. will expand. Mr. Chairman, it was my privilege to of the taxpayers' money we should give Mr. JENSEN. Mr ~Chairman, will the serve on the Post Office and Post Roads the star-route carriers the extra pay gentleman yield? · 716 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE FEBRUARY 8 Mr. H. CARL ANDERSEN. I yield to important item in the bill, in order for Mr. MASON. Mr. Chairman, I move the gentleman from Iowa. him to know what things cost and how to strike out the last word. It seems to Mr. JENSEN. Does not the gentle­ to run his job. me that we are getting a little bit mixed man agree that this bill should go before The head of this $1,200,000,000 corpo­ in our thinking in this program. I agree the Committee on the Post Office and ration says to the gentlemen in Con­ with the gentleman who has spoken, that Post Roads? gress, "In order to do my job properly the head of any big corporation is en­ Mr. . H. CARL ANDERSEN. In my and to know how to do it, in the interest titled to have a cost accounting system, opinion, it is clearly legislation and of economy and in finding where to save, but I do not agree that the head of any should have gone directly before the I ask you to give me $1,700 niore than 'corporation that desires to change its Committee on the Post Office and Post was allowed last year." set-up should not present that changed Ro::tds for authorization. This is no new business. It is a new or new set-up to the board of directors Mr. TABER. Mr. Chairman, will the name. They had the cost accounting of the corporation, which is the policy­ gentleman yield? department last year and they set up a making board for the corporation, and Mr. H. CARL ANDERSEN. I yield to bureau of accounts, which the Bureau of get their approval, before putting it into the gentleman from New York. the Budget cut $8,000,000, and part of it execution . . The natural ana logical Mr. TABER. This amendment In­ was taken from the cost accounting de­ thing for the Postmaster General to have volves about $160,000. partment. The item only represents an done when he wanted to establish a new Mr. H. CARL ANDERSEN. One hun­ increase of $1,700 over last year. set-up or change the present one, was to dred and sixty-six thousand dollars; Does the gentleman from Iowa want present that change to the board of di­ mere chicken feed, I will admit, in the to say to the Post Office Department, rectors, the policy-making group of that belief of many who are accustomed to "You shall have no cost accountants, you organization, which is the Committee converse in terms of billions of dollars. shall have no one to analyze your costs, on the Post Office and Post Roads of the To me, this represents at least 10 well­ to tell you what you are spending here House of Representatives and · not the equipped and stocked quarter-section and spending there? You can go ahead Committee on App'ropriations of the farms. without a cost accounting department of House of Representatives. If he had Mr. TABER. As I understand, the that type." done that, and made his case, before man who was Comptroller of tQ.e Post I do not know any big business in the the proper board of directors, then in all Office Department for years, Mr. Slat­ country that does not have a department probability it might have been approved, tery, was finally crowded out. of this type and that is not dependent and there would have been no question on Mr. H. CARL ANDERSEN. He was upon it for intelligent analyses in han­ the floor of this House; but instead of do­ crowded out last summer, so I have been dling its business. ing that he short-circuited the legislative informed by parties who should know. These people must decide on the group of this body that is SUPI!OSed to Mr. TABER. They put a new organi­ a mount of money they pay the railroads consider those things and went direct to zation in there that has not as yet shown for the space they use in handling the the Committee on Appropriations for the any evidence of comP.etency to do this mail. Some of it is first-class, some of appropriation. I ask you men whether kind of a job. it is parcel post. They know little about this body here, this House, should ap­ Mr. H. CARL AN!:>ERSEN. The gen­ the final analyses of those costs and they prove of the method of short-circuiting tleman is correct. In my opinion, this cannot talk intelligently about them un­ its legislative committees and go direct expenditure will not add one bit to th.e less they have a cost-accounting system. to the Committee on Appropriations. already splendid operation of Mle Post On the question of the rent they pay in That is the whole question involved in Office Department. so many places they must analyze and the amendment offered by the gentleman In conclusion, may I say that while compare their rents. On the question of from Iowa. this $166,000 ma-g not seem to amount to handling the heating charges of the Mr. O'NEAL. Mr. Chairman, will the very much, to ne it represents a little hundreds of buildings they operate, they gentleman yield? rivulet, and when many of these come must know something about the handling Mr. MASON. Yes. together you have a stream of waste­ costs, about the cost of coal, and about Mr. O'NEAL. Will the gentleman tell waste of money which is criminal at this many other expenses. In handling a me what piece of legislation would have time-a waste which every individual $1,200,000,000 operation, there is no required them to go to the Committee in this Congress has promised the peo­ chance for the Postmaster General to do on the Post Office and Post Roads? ple who voted for him he would try his any sort of an intelligent executive job They have had a Bureau of Accounts for utmost to eliminate. This $166,000 as a unless you give him, as you would give years and it is still here. It is no new :fighting plane is much more worth while to the manager of any plant or the head thing. today. Let us give an extra plane to the of any business, an adequate cost-ac­ Mr. MASON. It is a new set-up in the boys in the Solomons and prevent 40 counting organization to tell him what post office, to audit accounts. people from being used in a nonessential things cost. Mr. O'NEAL. It is just a little group division of another bureau. Again, let me say that this is not a to handle the matter. [Here the gavel fell.J new bureau. This is authorized by law. Mr. MASON. They should have re­ Mr. O'NEAL. Mr. Chairman, I rise in There is no new language in this bill, ceived the 0. K. of the legislative group opposition to the amendment. as the gentleman said. It is not a new before presenting it on an appropriation Mr. Chairman, it seems to me this business. This has been in the law. In­ bill. amendment should be opposed by every cidentally, I may say that I have made Mr. O'NEAL. What is there to the businessman or .every man who under­ inquiries as to the parliamentary system set-up that they do not have already? stands something of the problems of an on that point, and it is not subject to a Mr. JENSEN. They have $133,644 in executive. This is not a request coming ~ point of order. last year's appropriation bill, and we are from the subhead of some bureau, or 'What the gentleman is doing is saying leaving it in this. from a small department, or from some­ to the Postmaster General of the United one about whom we know very little. It Mr. O'NEAL. Oh, the gentleman States, who is handling $1,200,000,000, should not shift his argument. They had is a request from the Postmaster General, "You may not have anyone who can tell the head of a $1,200,000,000 corporation, a Bureau of Accounts, and they still have the Post Office Department of the United you what your air-mail costs are or what it. States. The head of the Post Office De­ you can afford to spend to put a new Mr. JENSEN. It says that a large partment, one of the great departments route into South America, or what it will increase· in this item is required to es­ of the Federal Government, handling cost you to start another route across the tablish a new cost-accounting system in $1,200,000,00Q in appropriations for the country; you cannot have anybody down the Postal Service. citizens of this country every year, must there who can give you that informa­ Mr. MASON. That is the testimony necessarily know something about that tion." before the committee. business in order to conduct it properly. I cannot imagine an ·amendment of The CHAIRMAN. The time of the In the hearings before our committee he tha.t sort being adopted. gentleman from lllinois has expired. All told us that in his opinion t.his is a most [Here the gavel fell.] time has expired. The question is on the 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE .717 amendment offered by the gentleman terial quoted is sufficient to give a good may be well to quote another portion of from Iowa. understanding of the subject. the letter above referred to: The question was taken; and on a divi­ The results of last November's election The National Resources Planning Board sion (demanded by Mr. LUDLOW) there showed a strong protest against the Fed­ • • • is charged with the preparation were-ayes 81, noes 64. eral bureaucracy and its dictatorial tac­ of long-range plans for the development So the amendment was agreed to. tics. They indicated that our people are of our national resources and the stabiliza­ Mr. LUDLOW. Mr. Chairman, I move at last coming to. realize the growing tion of employment. At my direction it is that the Committee do now rise. menace to our liberties of the New Deal correlating plans and programs under con­ regime. I interpret last November's vote sideration in many Federal, State, and pri­ The motion was agreed to. vate organizations for post-war full employ­ Accordingly the Committee rose; a~d as a mandate to Congress to check the ment, s3curity, and building America. In the Speaker having resumed the chair, bureaucracy and to restore to the people this report the Board outlines some of our Mr. COURTNEY, Chairman of the Commit­ the powers which the Constitution vested major objectives in planning to win the tee of the Whole House on the state of in them and which have been wrested peace. the Union, reported that that Committee from them by the Executive. had had under consideration the bill Congress is charged with a great re­ Thus, it is clear that the National Re­ H. R.1648, and had come to no resolution sponsibility and I think we should strive sources Planning Board is in itself pow­ thereon. to the utmost to carry out the obligation erless and is merely the instrument of the President. He alone is responsible EXTENSION OF REMARKS we have assumed. The National Resources Planning for its activities. Mr. CELLER. Mr. Speaker, I ask It should be remarked here that there unanimous consent to extend my re­ Board is supposed to stem from the Employment Stabilization Act of 1931, is a vast difference· between the amount marks in the RECORD. and has existed previously under var­ and quality of peacetime powers the The SPEAKER. Is there objection? ious names-the National Planning Chief Executive now possesses and those There was no objection. possessed by the Executive in 1931, when Mr. GRANT of Board, the National Resources Board, Indiana. Mr. Speaker, the National Resources Committee. the Employment Stabilization Act was I ask unanimous consent to extend my passed. And it is only when we fully remarks and include a letter from a con­ Now, so far as I can determme from the reading of the statutes, the National realize the extent and kind of powers the stituent. Executive has usurped and the Congress The SPEAKER. Is there objection? Resources Planning Board has no statu­ tory authority to perform any other func­ has given him in the last decade, as well There was no objection. as the use to which he has been putting Mr. MORRISON. Mr. Speaker, I ask tions or to undertake any other activities than those prescribed in the Employment these powers, that we can comprehend unanimous consent to extend my re­ the importance of the role the President marks in the RECORD. Stabilization Act of 1931. The Employ­ plays in the national planning scheme The SPEAKER. Is there objection? ment Stabilization Act of 1931 provided that is being promulgated in the name of There was no object~on. for certain construction agencies "to pre­ pare a 6-year advance plan" of construc­ the National Resources Planning Board. LEAVE TO ADDREf3S THE HOUSE tion, and "such supplemental estfinates The extent and scope of economic and Mr. CELLER. Mr. Speaker, I ask as he"-the President-"deems advisable social planning the Board can undertake unanimous consent that tomorrow, after for emergency approp!'iations, to be ex­ is as great as the powers the President the legislative business is concluded and pended during such period upon author­ possesses. other special orders I be permitted to ized construction." Armed with the powers of the Presi­ address the House for 15 minutes. From a reading of this act it is clear dent and the Federal purse, the National The SPEAKER. Is there objection? that by the term construction was meant Resources Planning Board goes forth to There was no objection. the erection of physical structures, which, promote the new social order. The SPEAKER. Under previous order of course, were for the use of the Fed­ T'ne primary elements in the organi­ of the House, the Chair recognizes the eral Government. There is not the re­ zational structure of the Board are the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. SMITH] for motest possibility of reading into the law Chairman, Frederick A. Delano, an uncle 45 minutes. any authority whatever for the perform­ of the President; the Director, several Assistant Directors, and so forth, with NATIONAL RESOURCES PLANNING BOARD ance of the wide range of functions that are now being carried out by the National offices in Washipgton. Mr. SMITH of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, no Next in order are the nine Regional more funds should be appropriated to the Resources Planning Board. Certainly there is nothing in the act which gives Planning Commissions, with offices lo­ National Resources Planning Board. cated at Boston, Baltimore, Richmond, This agency is a grave menace to the this Federal agency any authority to plan a new economic and social order, as its Va., Atlanta, Indianapolis, Omaha, Den­ American people and should be abolished ver, Portland, and San Francisco. forthwith. activities clearly indicate it is undertak­ ing to do. Alaska comprises another planning re­ The Subcommittee on Appropriations gion. is again recommending an appropriation The fact that at present the number of persons employed by this agency, and Under regional office organization in of funds to the National Resources Plan­ the 1939 progress report we read: ning Board, and unless some other Mem­ the amount of funds allotted to it, as ber offers an amendment to strike this measured in terms of New Deal stand­ Regional office personnel: The regional item out of the independent offices ap­ ards, is small-about a million dollars a offices operate under the executive direction year-is apt to give a false impression of of part-time regional chairmen, and are also propriation bill I intend to do so. In provided with the technical direction of re­ the ensuing discussion I shall state the its importance and the scope of its ac­ gional counselors. A full-time planning reasons for my position. tivities. technician, assisted by a full-time associate I have in this study quoted a goodly Before taking up the consideration of technician, is in administrative charge of a amount of material. Practically all of the program of the National Resources nucleus staff in the field office which can be it is taken from the National Resources Planning Board, let us examine its or­ easily expanded to provide the necessary per­ Development Report for 1942. When it ganizational structure. sonnel to serve the needs of special studies was not taken from that report its source First. It should be noted that this body or programs. will be indicated. The material quoted is now, as the President puts it in his Below the regional planning units are was selected with the view of giving ·as letter of January 14, 1942, transmitting the State planning commissions, then accurate and full a description of the and recommending to the Congress the the municipal planning commissions. activities of the Planning Board as pos­ National Resources Development Report The following from the 1939 progress re­ sible without reading through many vol­ for 1942, "the planning arm of my Execu­ port gives some idea of the position of umes of reports, pamphlets, and so forth, tive office." the National Resources Planning Board put out by it. The method has for its To comprehend the influence and in relation to State and local planning purpose the saving of time for those power this agency can exercise and wield units: Members who are interested in this it is essential that we grasp the full Activities of the field staff have continued highly important subject, but who do not significance of its position in relationship to develop in six main directions: ( 1) Stirn­ have the time to read the many reports. to the Executive office of the President. ulation and encouragement of State and local I feel quite certain the amount of rna- To more clearly elucidate this point it J:>lanning- 718 CONGRESSIONAL -RECORD-HOUSE FEBRUARY 8 Stimulation and encouragement, keep Nor Is it likely the National Resources 7. The right to equality before the law, in mind, with Federal grants-in-aid, Planning Board is limiting itself strictly with equal access to justice and fact. 8. The right to education, for work, for loans, and largesse- to the use of those agencies listed by it citizenship, and for personal growth and hap­ (2) provision of the committee's technical under the Employment Stabilization Act piness; and consultants to regional and State planning of 1931 and the ones added under Execu­ 9. The right to rest, recreation, and ad­ agencies; (3) interrelating planning activity tive Order 8455. I notice in the National venture; the opportunity to enjoy life and between planning agencies; ( 4) sponsorship Resources Development Report the fol­ take part in an advancing civilization. of drainage basin committees for water re­ lowing: sources planning; (5) collaboration with spe­ It would seem this list would include cial committees on regional studies within Through the cooperation of Chairman about everything required to usher in the their areal divisions; and (6) acting as a Eccles of the Federal Reserve Board, Dr. Alvin fully perfected millennium, at least for clearing house for information. Hansen of Harvard University is working on those of us problems of fiscal policy in the post-defense in the United States, but ap­ It is of interest to note that of the period with particular reference to financing parently it does not. of public improvement projects. It seems the planning cult has discov­ more than 40 States having planning ered some new amenities and benefi­ commissions, practically all of them were Yet the Federal Reserve is not among cences that the Apostle John had not set up under legislative authority en­ the list of agencies given me by the known, which are necessary to full and acted since 1933. A similar situation can Board. Dr. Hansen is a special adviser universal felicity of genus homo. be found in the case of the State acts to the National Resources Planning There are "plans for the international that were passed to permit the establish­ Board, and plays a leading role in the scene." ment of State and local housing authori-· _ formulation of its planning schemes. The supermillennium cannot be ties, all of which were passed at the Furthermore, their plans for social, brought about for our people alone. It instance of the United States Housing educational, health, so-called security, must be for all or none, for the French, Authority. So it appears the Federal and what not, would indicate the use of the Turks, Chinese, Hottentots, Hindus, bureaucracy is engaged quite extensively any and all State and local organizations Soviets, English, all-maybe not quite in lobbying laws through State legisla­ interested in these subjects. all-there might be a probation period tures-another way to destroy State The slightest reflection will show that for aggressors. rights. the use by the President of all these From this point on- Under the Agricultural Department agencies becomes an immeasurable aid to nearly all 48 States have special plan­ him in his planning scheme. Thus it is Says the planning cult- ning committees with 1,294 members, seen that the National Resources Plan­ the American people will never again make and 1,433 active county-planning com­ ning Board fronts a gigantic movement the mistake of believing that we can have mittees with 34,494 members, all engaged to plan the new social order. prosperity while the rest of the world col­ in various kinds of planning schemes for What are the objectives of the National lapses; or peace while the rest of the world the farmers-Agriculture Statistics, Resources Planning Board? is at war; or freedom while the rest of the 1941, page 714. world is being enslaved. It is therefore as­ Wbat and how does it plan? sumed that after the war we shall make our The National Resources Planning Under the heading of "New Objectives" international policy and the international Board has numerous other connections, it says: private interests conform to our desires for and it is impossible to mention all of We look forward to securing, through plan-. peace and the elevation of human dignity them here. ning and cooperative action, a greater free­ everywhere. In addition to this vast organization a dom for the American people. Our foreign policy will have an important bearing upon our domestic employment pro­ multitude of Federal agencies are coop­ That is a pretty big order in-itself, if gram when peace returns. Through an-ex­ erating with the Board in its planning. it is meant that our people are to have tension of lend-lease we shall certainly help Under the Employment Stabilization Act greater liberty than was vouchsafed us feed the starving peoples of Europe- of 1931 there were some 20 or 25 con­ under the Constitution and which was Which will probably include all of struction agencies listed. Executive enjoyed by our earlier forebears. Ap­ Order 8455 not only added a great many them for likely all of them will be starv­ parently we are to believe the liberty we ing bv the time the war ends- more-about 70 new ones are listed by are now enjoying is as great as that the Board-to the list, but brought in a which our forebears experienced, and the until they can get on their feet. This will new kind of f!,gency. The Employment take all the food, shipping, trucks, and gaso­ promise is that still more liberty is to be line which we can muster and will call for Stabilization Act of 1931 applied more provided for us, for we are told by the plans now for the reorganization of this un­ particularly to Federal agencies which planning agent the- precedented gift to humanity. required construction work to be done for great manifesto, the Bill of Rights, has stood After Europe's needs for food, clothing, and their own services. Under Executive unshaken 150 years. And now to the old emergency medical care have been met, Order 8455, however, agencies "which aid freedoms we must add new freedoms. • • • perhaps . then our greatest oppor­ construction activity through grants-in­ tunity to hal]: otherr, economically will aid, loans, other forms of financial as­ Further: be found in Asia and in parts of North or Any new declaration of personal rights, South America, working in cooperation with sistance, or through guaranties from the the peoples and governments of ";hcse lands. Federal Government" were added. This any translation of freedom into modern included such agencies as W. P. A.-sus­ terms- Asia alone is a pretty big place, and it Pended but not abolished-the Federal Note the phrase "modern terms"­ will take a lot of milk to get a bottle a Housing Agency, the Federal Home Loan here and now must include- day to each one of its inhabitants. Bank Administration, which consists of Not tomorrow, or next year, but in­ The model- the Federal Home Loan Bank System, stanter- That is the goal or program of the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance 1. The right to work, usefully and cre­ planners- Corporation, Home Owners' Loan Corpo­ atively through the productive years. further presupposes a figure of $10,000,- ration and United States Housing Cor­ 2. The right to fair pay adequate to com­ 000,000 for military outlays- poration; the Reconstruction Finance mand the necessities and amenities of life That is per annum- Corporation; Rural Electrification Ad­ in exchange for work, ideas, thrift, and other socially valuable service. including post-war international loans ministration; Soil Conservation Service; 3. The right to adequate food, clothing, financed by the Reconstruction Finance Cor­ Farm Security Administration and Farm shelter, and medical care. poration as an integral part of some sort of Credit Administration. 4. The right to security, with freedom from international reconstruction finance corpora­ Practically all of the lending agencies fear of old age, want, dependency, sickness, tion set up to engage in international lend­ are under the control of the President, unemployment and accident. ing and designed to facilitate the rehabili­ 5. The right to life in a system of free en­ tation and reconstruction of countries dev­ head of the Planning Board. The Re­ terpriee, free from compulsory labor, irre­ astated by the war, and the expansion of in­ construction Finance Corporation alone sponsible private power, arbitrary public au­ vestment in industrially backward countries, is now authorized to make loans up to thority, and unregulated monopolies. including South America and China. (After more than $12,000,000,000, and this 6. The right to come and go, to speak or the War-Full Employment.) ~.mount is about to be increased by five to be silent, free from the spyings of secret An international economic unit within the billions, mostly for construction. police. Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce is • 1943 CONGR·ESSfQNAL ::RECORD-HO_USE 719 studying the possible international -effects of 'That is, political .planning quarters­ the American people into servility, into domestic economic post-war programs. The abject submission to its insatiable greed international balance of payments that would for the distribution of new industrial ac­ arise ·from a heavy United'< States draft upon tivity. Such programs ha.ve sought a va­ for power and spoliation. world raw materials is being postulated. In riety of objectives, among which are: (1) And yet in the same breath the Na­ the light of these possibilities the unit is urbanization-the placing of more industry tional Resources Planning Board says: in cities, particularly large cities- examining the desirable conditions for a re­ The basis of planning ~is not violence but sumption of foreign lending. 'How would the rural folks like that?­ reason, .and the condition of most successful operation is not 1orce but per.suasion, coop­ Whole gruups of the population are to (2) Ruralization-the encouragement of eration, common par.tic.ipation in an effort industrialization in small towns and farm­ be -shifted from .one locality or region to for a common goa~. another. just _as Mussolini, Hitler, and ing areas- Stalin have·been doing in their countries. What duplicity and .hypocrisy! But how would industrializing a rural . It is planned to raze our cities and re .. What is the balance of farm and nonfarm community "ruralize," or ·make it more build them. families?- · rural? And how would the city folks like We must build- ~he planning board asks, and 'then that?- adds- (3) Suburbanization-the shifting , of The planners tell us- American agriculture • • can pro- plants out of large cities to surrounding not by the square block, but by the square vide all Amarican balanced nomishment­ communities- mile. and, indeed, feed some of the rest of the That is, somewhere between the city And- world-with 3,000,000 fewer people than now liVe on farms. gates and where the "rustics" live- The task of making the Nation the better (4) Delocalization-the breaking up of land we intend it to be is an enormous one. Mr. George n. ·Riley, in his column high concentration of single industries in The neighborhood.:.in-the-city must be of a under the cap-tion "Capital compass," in particular areas; size and character that do not dwarf its in­ the Washington Times-Herald or-Febru­ (5) Dispersion-the spreading .of indus­ habitants into anonymity, but provide a stage of sufficiently intimate scale so that ary 3, 1942, s~ys: trial activity throughout the country more nearly in relation to population or area; the citizen can grasp it and play his role with It seems the Bureau of Agricultural Eco­ satisfaction. nomics wants to make 20 percent of the rural (6) Diversification-the encouragement of population of the United States move to c.ities varied local economic structures; and Millions of houses are to be built ·on after the war, whether the ruralites like it or (7) Specialization-the concentration of farms and rural communities. Millions not. an important part of local resources on the more in the cities. F. E. Elliott, Chief Agricultural Economist making of products for which the locality T. V. A. is to be enlarged and made of the Department, says the plan to cut post­ possesses superior advantages. more powerful, and many more new war rural PO!mlation to its SO-percent level is in line with the projected revamping of Which goes to show the utter lack of T.V. A.'s are to be constructed through­ American economy and possibly that of the agreement, and confusion among the out the country. entire world. planners themselves as to what they Transportation facilities, highways, would do with our industrial plants if flood-control education, water power, Nor are the .city and town dwellers to they were given the power they seek to land use, and so forth, come under the be spared from being shifted en masse arbitrarily place and relocate them. planning program for development on a ·from one city or region to another. But regardless of utter lack of agree­ large scale. Some mobility of population is essential in ment among the political planners .them­ Babies, children, and youth make order that the labor supply may be adjusted to selves on the subject, openly admitted by long-run .regi<.. nal differences in economic op­ green pastures for the political planners. portunity. 'There is much to be said, however, themselves, in spite of the fact that no­ Children and youth cannot be kept in in 1'a;vor of regulation of the rate of change where that I have seen do they exhibit storage- and in many cases of restraining rapid move­ any evidence of even elemental knowl­ ment. It is clearly inadvisable to attempt to edge of why or how they propose to carry The~' say. Further...... : maintain industry ..at or above previous levels out this scheme, and notwithstanding the They will not stop growing older merely in all areas. A shift of population ·may be the further fact that there is absolutely no because adults are preoccupied with the only way or the most'efficlent way of avoiding demand by the public for this com­ immediate aspects of national defense. For industrial misfits. Where alternative indus­ any view that looks to the post-war period, tries cannot be found, it may be necessary to munistic program, they give us to under­ _children and youth are the most signifrcant aid in moving out population, to provide spe­ stand that they are going ahead with it among human beings. They are so signifi­ cial training programs to adapt ·the popula­ whether we like it or not. Feeling its cant because they are 1n process of becom­ tions to new types of work, and, in general, to oats, that is the vast powers usurped ing adults and because within limits that shift the resource-use pattern of the region. from the people, the State, operating process can be guided. The care devoted to through the National R e s our c e s bringing young people safely along the paths Labor is to be handled as chattel. La­ Planning Board warns us 'that unless we to maturity will in large part be the measure bor ought to see from this where it is accept this program willingly it has at of the contribution they will make, both as headed for, what its real future security youth and adults, .to our Nation's well-being. will be if the political planners have hand the knout to bring us to terms. We as a people cannot -afford to cheapen their way. 'Here is its warning: the civilization we are defending by neg­ New industrial plants are to be located The balancing of locational programs and lecting the quality of the generation for the most suitable means of implementation which we hold it in trust. There is no rea­ according to plan; old ones are to be for public policy remain to be explored. sonable .alternative to doing all in our power shifted about like the tents of a moving ·Governmental authority is adequate to the to insure young people the opportunity to army. -The political hierarchy of plan­ means. Taxation, tariffs, price regulation, · grow Jn to the best men and women they are ners in its infinite wisdom gives us the transportation and power regulation, labor capable of becoming. reason for this. It says: legislation, public wor.ks, credit control, and Both the infant and the young child need financial assistance are all potentially ef­ the affection of emotionally mature parents In fact- fective instruments which the Federal Gov­ and the atmosphere of security afforded by a In fact, mind you, 'there being no ernment may wield in its efforts to pro­ stable household. theory or· guesswork about it- mote the development of a nationally inte­ grated locational structure. No wonder the National Resources the location of industries in their most suit­ ·Planning 'Board speaks of itself as a na­ able relation to production requirements and To force people to do things against tional .:resource when it can unearth such markets is in practice among the least auto­ their will we use weapons, nut instru­ vital new truths as these. matic of economic adjustments. ments. -But I do not ,find anything to show Implying, of course, that said hierarchy Taxation, tariffs, prtce r.egulation, "trans­ "What color shirt they have selected for of brains can supply the deficiency. portation ..and power :regulation, labor legis­ 'their youth movement. But now notice the sudden and com­ lation, public works, .credit -control, -and And, of course, as could be expected, plete mental lapse. Under ·Locational financial assistance are all. the s·cho.ols are invaded. In the 1941 Programs and Their Possible :Applica­ It might as well have added the police progress report we read: tion, we 'l'ead: power, but it may ·have been considered Twenty-nine numbers nf -these (New...Eng .. Various programs have been proposed in a little early, for this is now to be used land Planning Bulletin) have been published different quarters- by the State as a weapon to bludgeon since October 1935. A major commission 720 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE FEBRUARY 8 activity has been :·eports designed to in­ wcrk done. There is not--there cannot be­ which are met by private enterprise reduce by terest the New England peop!e in the re­ any financing problem which is not man­ just that amount the remaining load on gion's problems and planning as a means ageable under a full · employment Income. government. for their solution. Froin a $100,000,000,000 income we can raise Or did the persistence of this gigantic prob­ Popular among these is the pamphlet From large tax revenue-large enough to service lem indicate that our economy of private the Ground Up, which presents a series of any level of debt" likely to be reached and to enterprise and investment could not provide timely planning discussions, each limited to cover all other governmental outlays-and jobs for all? one page of text facing illustrations of good still retain for private expenditures more than and bad examples. Several thousand copies we had left in former years under a $70,- Note the insinuation that private are in use in junior and senior high schools, 000,000,000 income with lower taxes. Taxes enterprise may be a failure. in civics, geography, eco_nomics, and sociology are merely one way of paying for social serv­ If public provision of income on a substan­ courses. Likewise, the commission prepared ices and public improvement projects which tial scale is not a temporary problem, but is a report to stimulate interest in local plan­ we need. But it is not necessary or desir­ to continue for a long time, are the several ning, Is Planning Practical for Your· Town? able under all circumstances to finance all measures and methods which we have public expenditures from taxes. Whether adopted to administer and finance these Finally, the National Resources Plan­ taxes should equal, fall short of, or exceed activities sound and constructive? ning Board reaches the nadir point of its expenditures must be decided according to An ifi!porta~t featux:e of the plan was the spoliation plan. It proposes, not forth­ economic conditions. proposal for advances of funds to power rightly apd.openly, of course, but insidi­ equipmer:1t companies by the Reconstruction ously and slyly, to invade the domain of The following are also excerpts from Finance Corporation to insure continued peak sex life among our young people. Mark Dr. Hansen, taken from After the War­ production of turbine and generator units. Full Employment: The full employment and prosperity which well this salacity. · is coming with the war effort proves that we At about this period boys and girls be­ Financial responsibility requires a fiscal can have a fuil employment system and bal­ poli-cy · (including' governmental expenditures, come ~ager to make new friends. They look ance the production-consumption budget at for opportunities to meet one another in­ loans, and taxes) designed to promote eco­ a high level if we are determined to have it nomic stability. formally, under suitable circumstances. so, because we do have the necessary man­ They begin to think vaguely about marry­ The tax funds collected to meet interest power, resources, productive plant, and or- ing and rearing families of their own. They charges are not lost. They are paid right ganizing ability. · back again, largely to institutions that bene:.. We have to make up our minds as a Nation need to be informed of the m~ny important fit the community as a whole. At the worst, factors that enter into founding a successful that we will not permit a post-war depres­ home. They need help in working out a the taxes are collected from one group of sion to overwhelm us. We do not have to functioning personal philosophy of life, an citizens and paid out to another group-the take economic defeat after the military vic­ attitude toward themselves, their fellow men, bondholders. tory is won. We can, if we will, maintain and the world in general. The public debt is something very differ­ business prosperity. We can sustain a con­ ent from private debt of an individual. An tinuing demand for goods. We can keep in­ PLANS FOR FINANCING AND FISCAL POLICY individual will always improve his assat dustry going at high levels. We can main­ From whence is the wherewithal to be position if he is able to pay off a part of his tain substantially full employment. We can derived for completely razing the Amer­ debt. But a nation may make it£elf poor by achieve a society in which everyone capable ican economy and building it anew on repayment of public debt. This Is true be­ of and willing to work can find an opportunity cause such repayment tends to cause defla­ to earn a living, to make his contribution, to another pattern? From the same princi­ tion, depression, and unemployment. It is a play his part as a citizen of a progressive, pal sources to which the Federal Govern­ good thing to pay off a part of the public democratic country. ment has resorted in the last 10 or 12 debt if you want to check an excessive boom. years to pay for the vast public works It would be ruinous to pay off the public From the foregoing excerpts one also and relief programs it carried on during debt in a post-defense period when unem­ sees a continuation and accentuation of that time, namely, taxes and Treasury ployment was spreading. the trend of the last decade toward state deficit financing. The latter will prob­ A public debt internally held has none of intervention, control and ownership of the essential earmarks of the private debt of property and the means of production ably assume, so perhaps the planners an individual. A public debt is an instru­ plan, the same forms as they have in the ment of public policy. It is a means to con­ and distribution. past; namely, first, sales of securities to trol the magnitude of the national income Pump priming, though known to have the public; second, forced loans to the and, in conjunction with the tax structure, been a total failure in eliminating unem­ banks. to affect income distribution. ployment in the thirties, nevertheless is Also the same irrationalism, confu­ In brief, it is reasonable to suppose that to form an integral part of the plan. sion, and sophistry are present in the the ratio of consumption to income in a full In short, the same medicine that was employment economy would automatically applied by the New Deal in its attempt to minds of the planners as have domin3.ted tend to be higher than the ratio of con­ the financial policies of the New Deal sumption to income at the peak of a boom cure the depression is now to be used to throughout. in a violently fluctuating economy. A full bring full employment, security for every­ The following is from Dr. Alvin Han­ employment economy would tend automati­ body, freedom from want, a higher stand­ sen, of Harvard University, who is work­ cally toward a distribution of income favor­ ard of living for everybody, more leisure, ing in cooperation with Chairman Eccles able to high consumption. This affords more rest and greater liberty. of the F8deral Reserve Board- ground for optimism with respect to the And the same medicine is to be applied feasibility of a positive program designed to to the other peoples of the earth to bring on problems of fiscal policy in the post­ maintain full employment. Such a policy, to them the good life. defense period, with particular reference to if successfully p\lrsued, tends to develop re­ financing of public improvement projects: percussions upon the distribution of income The planners tell us the war has dem­ All this expansion of services and improve­ which reinforce the program to maintain onstrated that we can have full employ­ ments means governmental expenditures. full employment. ment, and seem to think they have there­ The notion that we cannot finance our own Redistribution of income through progres­ by found the key to end all unemploy­ production is quite without foundation. sive individual and corporate income taxes ment. Mussolini and Hitler demon­ Every cent expended, private and public, be­ ts less disruptive of these relations for the strated that war can end unemployment. comes income for members of our own so­ reason that ·such taxes apply only where the Just how the war formula is to be applied ciety. Costs and income are just opposite profit and income actually emerge. sides of the same shield. We can afford as to achieve this result they do not say. high a standard of living as we are able to The following from the 1942 National However, the way the bureaucrats are produce. But we cannot afford to waste our Resources Development Report: using their powers in rationing, and so resources of men and material. We cannot We shall have to estimate the needed ad­ forth, it should be easy to see how tbat afford to use them inefficiently. We cannot ditions to private capital plant to meet con­ would be done. afford idleness, the idleness of $200,000,000,000 sumer demands and the levels of national One of the remarkable things about of income. investment required to meet general public the New Deal planners is that they have The public expenditures required to re­ needs and to insure full employment. now completely reversed their policy of build America, to provide needed social serv­ There are many oppo unities for govern­ ices, and to maintain full employment can ment-Federal, State, and local-to aid pri­ promising us the good life by a program be provided for out of the enormous income vate business in major fields of activity and of scarcity, and instead, are now prom­ which the full utilization of our rich produc­ investment where only new laws, new pro­ ising us the good life by a program of tive resources, material and human, makes cedures, and new funds can unlock the door. abundance. possible. The costs of producing this income Public action must, of course, be planned to The goal that is sought to be achieved are merely payments to ourselves for the meet general public needs. But, those needs by the President through the National 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 721 Resources Planning Board can no longer "the state with its economic program" CONTINUING AUTHORITY OF SPECIAL remain in doubt. The Planning Board, that caused all of our American ancestors COMMITTEE TO INVESTIGATE UN~ with the approval of the President, boldly to run a way from Europe and come to AMERICAN ACTIVITIES speaks of "modified free enterprise," and this country and found a free people Mr. SABATH, from the Committee on it is clear, though there is lip service under a true government, which was Rules, submitted the following privileged enough to the contrary, that the program characterized principally by the absence resolution (H. Res. 65) for printing in outlined involves nothing less than the of the state with its economic programs. the RECORD: The political planning cult elevates absorption by the state of all economic Resolved, That the Special Committee to functions and the complete demolition itself to the region of the gods and mod~ Investigate Un-Amer~can Activities is author­ of all free enterprise. estly tells us it "is a national resource." i~ed to continue the investigation begun un­ With the loss of all free enterprise That we knew before it told us. But der authority of House Resolution 282 of the would go, of course, all liberties-free what kind of resource is it-good or evil? Seventy-fifth Congress, and continued under speech, the right to petition, freedom of It is a resource for spoliation, and in its House Resolution 26, of the Seventy-sixth worship, and so forth. worst form. Congress, and continued under House Reso­ Take just one promise alone, that of Strip' their model to the skin, remove lution 321 of the Seventy-sixth Congress, and the gilding with which they have adorned continued under House Resolution 90 of full employment. What does it connote? the Seventy-seventh Congress, and continu£d If the state undertakes to guarantee to it, and what do we see? We see the under House Resolution 420 of the Seventy­ every worker the right to continuous and state treasury. We see that bursary be­ seventh Congress, and for such· purposes said full employment, the state must of neces~ come a vast reservoir. We see pouring committee shall have the same power and sity also assume full responsibility for .the into it the earnings of our laborers. Be~ authority as that conferred upon it by said operation of all industry. This would in~ hold, we see those fruits of labor being House Resolution 282 of the Seventy-fifth valve assumption by the state of complete ladled out to placemen and bureaucrats. Congress and shall report to the House as and unlimited control over all industry, Say what you will, here is the hub of soon as practicable, but not later than Janu­ ary 3, 1945, the results of its investigations, The state would become sole employer, their whole planning scheme. All their together with its recommendations for neces- would factitiously fix the value of all declamation, all their protestations for sary legislation. · services, labor and goods, and working the poor and downtrodden, all their hours. It would use all the· force at its promises of Utopia revolve about it. The SPEAKER. Under previous order command which would be the whole Oh, yes, they gild their model with of the House, the gentleman from Cali~ police power including the armed forces, strong feeling of pity and love for the fornia [Mr. VooRHIS] is recognized for to carry out its decrees. It would involve distressed. That is old stuff. As Bastiat 30 minutes. a dictatorship as absolute ·as any in the pointed out, spoliation has always placed THE DIES COMMITTEE world today. Nor would any worker the fulcrum of its lever in heaven and Mr. VOORHIS of California. Mr. have any place to go to complain. sacrilegiously prided itself on the com~ Speaker, I have asked this time in order But we should not be so foolish as to plicity of the gods. to speak about the Dies committee and think if the state were given this abso~ What? They say the Bill of Rights has to make some comments on the speech lute power it would of necessity make stood unshaken 150 years and promise of the gentleman from Texas [Mr. DIES], good its promise of full employment, in us more freedom, when they had already, on Monday last, and subsequent events the sense, at least, in.which we conceive before the defense program was started, here in the House. the term. Mussolini, Hitler, and Lenin reduced our people to the abject status With much of what the gentleman all proclaimed the right to work and where they were compelled, in great from Texas had to say there can be no promised full employment. None of measure, to appeal to the law to give disagreement. That he stressed the im .. them could fulfill his promise except by value to their services; when they had portance of the vigor and independence going to war. succeeded in reducing at least one whole of the national legislature every Member But even suppose it were possible for group, the farming community, compris­ ing a fourth of our population, to the of this body will agree. When he states the state to make good this promise, who that Communists should not be em~ wants to live under a state of abject servile condition so as to place its mem~ played by the Government everyone will slavery? bers wholly at the mercy of the law to agree, and will also add that no one who The Board, which is the planning arm give their services value. What mock­ is a Nazi or Fascist in his loyalty ought of the President, speaks approvingly and ery! How far above the level of slavery to be so employed. When he appeals for in support of its planning scheme of has the New Deal planning left the national unity everyone will not only "the rise of the national state with its farmers? agree, but utter a fervent "Amen." But economic programs." But whatever may be our views with let us go beneath the surface a little in Indeed, and to what countries or regard to merits or demerits of any of each of these cases. ~ country do the political planners refer the schemes of the· planners, it is the There are certain things requisite to as having taken on that mode? exclusive function of Congress to deal with these subjects. That is the purpose assure the vigor and independence of the Which of the western countries, leav~ national legislature and they run some­ ing Russia out, in more recent times has for which the people elected us. We what deeper I believe than the things led the way in aggrandizing the state shall fail altogether in our duty if we do mentioned by the gentleman from Texas. and belittling the individual, where the not eradicate this anomaly from our gov~ ernmental structure. As I stated before in connection with a state became all and the individual noth~ previous report of the Committee on Un~ ing? Was it not Germany that made the There is absolutely no authority in law American Activities, it is my opinion that pattern of "the state with its economic for the National Resources Planning the Congress holds within its own hands programs"? Perhaps it ·'llay be apropos Board to do anything more than set up the key to its own independence and tc mention here that Germany also set a 6~year construction program for Fed­ power. I do not believe anyone from the example of providing state so~called eral public works. The authority it as~ outside of Congress can hurt it greatly, social security. She began her social-se~ sumes to make our Nation over into a provided the Congress itself and within curity scheme more than half a century totalitarian regime has been usurped, as itself is constructive, farsighted, deter­ so many of the powers the Executive ago. mined, and unafraid. Neither do I be~ . The state with its economic programs holds have been arbitrarily wrested from lieve that Members of Congress want to is nothing new. Indeed it is of most us. I repeat, it is a grave menace to our represent themselves as being properly ancient origin. Egypt, many thousands Nation and must be abolished, root and immune to criticism or attack. I do not of years ago, typified this kind of social branch. for a single moment excuse false accusa­ organization. EXTENSION OF REMARKS tions against Members of Congress, par­ . Feudalism was a type of state with its Mr. GWYNNE. Mr. Speaker, I ask ticularly when organizations of one economic and security programs, and all unanimous consent to revise and extend kind or another make such accusations. of Europe slaved under it for many hun­ my remarks and include an editorial. I have suffered from this sort of thing dreds of years. The Incas of Peru de­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection? myself on a good many occasior:::; and veloped it to the nth degree. Aye, it was There was no objection. especially in my last campaign, but I LXXXIX-46 722 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE FEBRUARY 8 have been inclined to put it :down a.s nne It is important in the first place tc·un- WRIGHT] , regarding Mr. McKee, -another of the more or less inevitable c-onse­ -derstand clearly the circumstances sur­ man mentioned by the gentleman from quences of public life in .America .and rounding the speech of the gentleman Texas. Mr. McKee is a .rather well-to-do have attempted to do the-best I could to from Texas last Monday. The speech businessman in ~Pittsburgh · who has been combat such influences. .Above all I do was delivered at a time when the Com­ spending his money for the purpose nf not think it should be represented.as an mittee on Un-American Activities was promoting what he terms the proper for­ un-American activity, for people who not in existence. Needless to say none eign policy on the part of the United themselves have certain convictions of the material contained in that speech States, and specifically to try to bring about the right course for this·country to constituted action by the Comrr&ittee about a greater degree of participation follow, to attempt to oppose Members of on Un-.Ameri( ~ an Acttvities. And the by the United States in international ef­ Congress who do not agree with that speech, therefore, was an expression of forts to maintain peace after the war. point of view. the point of view of the gentleman from Regardless of whether one agrees with I have, of course, no defense for action 'rexas personally and nmst be so under­ Mr. McKee's point of view, it seems to me by any organization which fails to con­ stood. Nevertheless, the speech was certain that he has a ·-right ·if he chooses sistently and carefully apply the stand­ based upon material obtained· through to spend his money to advance the ideas ards it itself has selected for the judg­ the Committee on Un-American Activ­ in whiohhe believesJor precisely the same ment of Members of Congress records in ities by ,the use of its subpena power and reason that a person who diametrically making its appraisal of them. .And I am its investigative ..staff, and i~ is, .therefore, disagrees with Mr. McKee's po ~ition ·has frank to say that I think this was done extremely difficult to draw the line be­ and frequently exercises ·the &arne right. by at !east one of the organizations men­ t ...-oeen where the activities of the gen­ It ·may be interesting as a sidelight on tioned by the ~entleman from Texas. tleman as an individual Member of Con­ Mr. McKee's political point of \dew to It is true, however, that at the present gress end and where his work as ch~ir­ .state that he cast his vote for Mr: Her­ time there are large numbers of peo11le man of ·the Committee on Un-American bert Hoover not only in 1928 but agrun throughout this country who sincerely Activities begins. No one will question in I932. are· committed to seeing that America the right of the gentleman from Texas In the case of Mr. '"Paul Porter, I am to speak &.s freely as any other Member informed that Mr. Porter has been a does not lose the peace after this war of the House in expressing his point of is won. They feel desperately that had strong anti_..Communist throughout his ·view, nor will anyone doubt the great ·Whole life. And I would also .call the at­ different policies been followed after the effectiveness with which he always does last-war and had the leadership of Wood­ tention of the House to the fact that. he this. But it_ is partly because of the recently was elected Chairman .of lthe row Wilson prevailed in this country, the inevitable confusion arising from this Shipbuilding Stabilization Committee by present war might not have taken place. situation that I am now speaking. the votes of the representatives of the They do not want to see a repetition of The gentleman from Texas has, of Army, the Navy, and .the Maritime Com­ those same tnistakes. These people it . course, a perfect right to set up his own mission. From what I can discover he is seems to me have a right to express their individual. standards and to protest the doing a very splendid job.in keeping sbi:p­ point of view as freely as they see fit. employment of any person he chooses. builcM.ng production moving. I just won­ Members of Congress will naturally want And it may be that in some ·cases, had der whether this act·ivity·can be fairly de­ to rise up on this floor and oppose with I seen the evidence I might agree with scribed as .dangerous to our country. all the vigor at their comma:nd people him. The gentleman ,told me I could Finally, in .the case of :Mr. Guissepi who attack them or are in opposition to see the evidence, .but so far, though I ·Facci, mentioned by the gentleman from their poin ~ of view or attempt to bring have tried repeatedly, I have been unable .Texas. From what I can discover-this abo"..lt their defeat. But to state or ·to to see any of it. man has ·been an ardent opponent of imply that such action constitutes an un­ But sinee I am convinced that a lar.ge Mussolini and Italian fascism ever since American or unpatriotic activity is quite number of Members of the House con­ that form of government ·was brought another matter and ·is ·in my judgment ceived the speech of the gentleman on about in Italy. He ~ has made a good unjustified. Monday Jast to be ~an expression of opin­ many anti-Fascist speeches and in some In the second place, the problem of ion on the part of the Committee on Un­ instances those speeches, as I understand preventing Communists from being em­ American Activities, I have been impelled it, were made before groups which our ployed in ·the Government is one upon to make this speech. For if the House committee has determined to be Com­ which, as I have said, there will be no is to undertake to scrutinize and pass munlst front organizations. Mr. Facci substantial disagreement in the House. judgment upon the 'personnel of the vari­ states that he made no more speeches be­ I want to say that the.head of one Gov­ ous Government agencies, it Jmust have fore any such organizations after he ernment agency called me to ask if I a standatd which it can defend ·when it knew what their nature was. He has would not help him to see ·the evidence does so. ~he gentleman from Texas been very highly recommended by Mr.' bearing on one of 'the -employees of that himself did not claim the list he sub­ Henry F. Grady, the former Assistant agency in order that he -might take such mitted in his speech consisted necessarily Secretary of State of the United States, action as -seemed caHed..for. I want also of persons who were Communists or and presently the president of the Dollar to say that I think this -responsible head friendly to the Communist cause, though Line Steamship Co., who has known Mr. is doing exactly the right thing. in some instances he did make that Facci a great m:;~.ny years. It seems a But the standard set up by .the gentle­ charge. In a number of cases, however, bit strange that we ·shouldJnclude on the man from Texas in his speech was not he himself stated specifically that the list of those accused of un-A.l!lerican that of whether or not a person is a Com­ person ·in question was not a Communist, activities the name of a person because munist, but rather whether or not they but that he fell into some other category -of the fact that he has been ardently fell into a certain category which the roughly described as "crac~pot.'' active in opposition to the Italian regime gentleman characterized as "crackpot." A few examples will suffice to illustrate with which the United States is at pres­ Now I find it difficult myself sometimes my point. ent.at war. to understand just why some of .the gov­ First, I am in receipt of .a letter from On Friday last, the House came within ernmental agencies cannot .do a hetter Father R. A. McGowan of the National 7 votes of taking what would have been job than they do of picking their per­ Catholic Welfare Conference, regarding recorded 4as one of the most unjust ac­ sonnel. Nor do I derive any satisfaction Catherine Kellack, one of .the perso..."'ls tions in the history of the Congress. It from finding from time to time that in­ mentioned by 1the gentleman from Texas. came that close to adopting an amend­ dividuals with past records which are, to Father- McGowan states he has kno.wn ment which would have denied the op­ say the least, colorful, are occupying po­ Miss Kellock for a long time and can portunity to work for the Government sitions on the Government pay roll. . But vouch for her in every respect. I find .of this Nation to 38 people, without. giv­ I think it a very dangerous thing, indeed, it difficult to believe that a per.son who ing any of them an opportunity to .be in America for us to attempt to set up receives a recommendation like that can heard in their own defense, without any any other standard than that of loyalty be subvexsive or dangerous totbe country committee of the House having recom­ to our country as the basic test of in any way. mended such action, and, in the case of a / whether or not a·m-an is worthy of trust. In the second place I refer to the speech number of the people, without any charge That standard w~s not used. of the gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. having been lodged against them except 1.943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 723 that in the judgment of one member they basic constitutional institutions of the reconstruction of our country and the fall into the vague category of "crack­ United States, unless he can be shown finding of her proper place in the world pots." to be disloyal to America, he ought not after the war has been won. In England In that group would have been in­ under any circumstances to be placed in the experiences of the war have appar­ cluded, as we now know, one man now the same category with those against ently led to that very result. It has for serving overseas in the Army of his coun­ whom such charges can be made. And the time being at least obliterated many try; one serving in with the Red furthermore if this is done, and the line old antagonisms, has caused people to Cross; three others who have been o:f! the becomes blurred between the real totali­ cling to one another regardless of their Federal pay roll for months; a man tarian at either extreme on the one hand differences much more closely than ever chosen by votes of Army, Navy, and and sincere American on the other, before, and it has made people there Maritime Commission to head the work whether they be extremely reactionary or welcome rather than scot! at proposals of stabilizing the work of the shipbuild­ extremely progressive, we are in for that o:f!er substantial hope for a happier ing industry; an Italian-American whose trouble. The tendency to describe as day tomorrow for the heroes who will main e:f!ort through the years, whatever unworthy, unfit, or un-American those come back from battle. The men who his mistakes, has been to contact the in­ with whom one does not agree politically win this war will, as the gentleman from fluence among Italian-Americans of the will, in my judgment, if pursued far Texas said, want the basic structure of Mussolini regime against which this Na­ enough, lead inevitably to a situation our constitutional Government to re­ tion is now at war; a woman highly rec­ which will play directly into the hands of main-they will want us to protect while ommended by a priest of the Catholic the Communists on the one hand and the they are gone a precious heritage of free Church. Nazis and Fascists on the other-and institutions that no other large nation As to some of the persons included in give them the very field and opportunity ever has known. But those men will also the list the gentleman from Texas may which they have used most effectively in demand a chance, a full big fair chance, have a real case. If so, the facts should the past in other countries. It is obvi­ at a good job with opportunity to grow be determined, as he himself suggested, ously to their interest to draw into the and develop. And they are going to get it. by the Appropriations Committee, with orbit of their influence as many people The crux of this portion of my speech recommendations to the House. as possible and to confuse insofar as is a question. Once we depart from the I want to say at this point I very much they can the public mind in order to lead standard of ldyalty to our -country in approve of the suggestion brought for­ people generally to think that there is passing judgment on people, what stand­ ward by the chairman of the Committee little, if any, difference between a Fascist ard are we to use? Are we to use the on Appropriations this afternoon. and a Conservative, or a Communist and standard of who is a "crackpot" in But the main fact is still clear, and it a Progressive. If those charged with the the judgment of the gentleman from goes to the very root of what I have been task of exposing un-American activities Texas, or in the judgment of the Depart­ saying for 4 years: Things like this, mis­ lend credence to these very ideas they ment of Justice, or in the judgment of takes like this, ought not to be laid in the are rendering their own cause a disserv­ the gentleman from California who is lap of the House until the most ·mature ice and greatly lessening the effective­ now addressing the House? In every consideration has been given them, not ness of their work against real totali­ case that standard would obviously be · by one Member but by a whole committee tarian elements. This has been my posi­ different and in every case I submit it working on problems of this sort. tion from the beginning. would be wrong. The whole future hope Mr. PHILLIPS. Mr. Speaker, will the One of the cornerstones upon which of America Ues in not dividing ourselves gentleman yield? our country has been built is that of the politically between two bitterly hostile Mr. VOORHIS of California. I yield. right of political minorities to exist and groups, one calling the other Fascist and Mr. PHILLIPS. Do you mean that express their opinions. In speaking of the other calling the one Communist, you think this investigation should be political minorities, I am not talking when neither epithet is true or accurate. by the Rules Committee or by this special about groups which seek by unconstitu­ Our hope lies rather in our drawing committee proposed in the resolution? tional methods to undermine and de­ political lines as nearly as we can be­ Mr. VOORHIS oi California. The stroy the structure of constitutional tween the real totalitarians of each ex­ chairman .of the Appropriations Com­ government and to impose a dictatorship treme and the vast majority of us in mittee, as I understood him, came for­ by a class or group. I am talking about the middle fighting out our political bat­ ward with a proposal that a special group people who believe either in the neces­ tles in the traditional American way. of the Appropriations Committee should sity of very much more conservative I come now to a discussion of the be set up to deal with all cases of this policies than those being pursued by the necessity of national unity in America. character in connection with all appro­ Government or very much more pro­ I submit such unity can only be estab­ priation bills, and make an appropriate gressive policies than those being pur­ lished around a certain point of view report of their findings to the House. sued by the Government. which stresses big issues and not little That is what I had reference to. And I would like to state at this point ones. Our greatest issue is the defeat of And there remains also the more that the course of my own political ex­ our enemies in this war. Another issue fundamental issue-namely, that in my perience has led to the strong "belief that of importance is the place of the Con­ judgment it is all wrong to submit to progress for the common man is not by gress in our National Government. And the House a list of persons to be pro­ any means necessarily to be associated the third is the winning of the peace and scribed when the basis of that list is not with increased power on the part of a the establishment of a condition of pros­ communism, fascism, disloyalty, subver­ central government, although in the case perity in our own country after the war. sion, or any of these, but only a general­ of certain types of problems governmen­ In order to achieve unity around these ized charge that their views are some­ tal action seems to me to be absolutely issues it is necessary that we combat with how unacceptable to someone else. necessary, if the weak are to be fairly all the e:f!ort at our command those Now, where does that leave us, and protected and the strong appropriately forces abroad and at home who would what is the ultimate result of such a restrained. The issue here, however, is give aid and comfort to our enemy. point of vjew? one which becomes of tremendous conse­ That enemy today is Germany, Japan, Well, if we are going in for lists of quence in time of war, for at that time and Italy-the Fascist powers of the crackpots we ought to be even-handed the e:f!ort of every one of us should be world. It is for this reason that I have about the matter. And it is quite as pos­ to bind together the efforts of every tried to emphasize the importance of sible to make up a list of persons that American who is loyal and devoted to his this committee's contributing to national one can describe as crackpot on one side country's cause. unity by laying its major emphasis upon of the fence as it is upon the other. A The war has not yet burned deeply the problem of exposing the propaganda man can be a crackpot conservative as enough into the consciousness of many e:f!orts of these powers and their friends easily as a crackpot radical and you of us to scorch a way the superficial dif­ and agents. In saying that, however, I could find things written in the past to ferences which have existed in the past want to completely disavow statements indicate it. My own very definite point and to make us feel that kinship with which have been made over the air to the of view is that unless a person C3.n be other loyal Americans which we shall e:f!ect that pre-Pearl Harbor isolationists k>hown to be committed to a philosophy need before this struggle is over, and were supposed to be included in such a of government which is contrary to the · which above all we shall need in the category of people. I do not think there 724 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE FEBRUARY 8 is any more right to saying that a man Ninth. "England is not doing her share judgment on the political views of any is sympathetic to Nazis or Fascists be­ of the fighting, so why should we?" loyal American. be he reactionary or cause he was isolationist than it is to Tenth. "The only purpose of this war radical. With the outbreak of war be­ say he is a friend of the Communists be­ is to protect the British Empire." tweei). our country ancl the Fascist pow­ cause he entertains progressive political Eleventh. "The war does not need to ers, I believed the major task of the views. My own personal opinion is that interfere with the normal way of living committee lay in the field of exposure of the pursuit of an isolationist policy after of Americans, but the Government de­ activities friendly or helpful to our ene­ this war will be dangerous to the future liberately creates shortages, maladjust­ mies, and the philosophies they repre- · peace of this Nation and the world. But ments, and difficulties just so it can in­ sent. this certainly does not lead me to feel crease its power." It has beeq no particularly easy task that anybody advocating such a policy These 11 false ideas are some of the to constitute a minority of one on a is any more un-American that I am. ones which our enemies will try to get committee of this sort. Concern has been expressed over the the American people to believe. In previous years I have proposed rules difficulty of determining what constitutes This is not to say that those who make of procedure to guide the committee's a person who is a Fascist or a Nazi in such statements are necessarily disloyal work and action. I have been 100 per­ America. I want to say on this point to the United States. But it does mean cent unsuccessful in getting any of them in the first place that I deplore quite that this type of propaganda should be adopted. I shall attempt at this time to as much the tendency on the part of cer­ combated by all of us who are devoted to tell neither the House nor myself that tain groups to shout Fascist at every a real victJry on the part of our Nation. such rules will be adopted by the com­ conservative, as I do the tendency on the Achievement of national unity then mittee. It just is not in the cards. part of other groups to shout Communist calls above all things for the application I believe there are things such a com­ at people who are not Como'- nist at all. of a test of loyalty about which I have mittee should do: first, to investigate But when people ask "What is a already spoken, before we pass judgment with equal zeal all totalitarian move­ Fascist?" I would reply by asking them on any of our fellow citizens. ments; second, to avoid accusation "Vvhat is a Communist?" If to that Young people throughout all history against persons in the absence of either question it is replied that a Communist have been inclined to venture farther substantial documentary evidence or an is a member of the Communist Party, into fields of new and progressive opportunity to be he~. rd; third, to act then I would set up a standard that a thought about mankind and its problems as a committee and to afford to all mem­ Fascist or a Nazi is a person who is a than have old people. In my opinion a bers an opportunity to carry out their member of the German-American Bund responsibilities to the House and to the or an Italian or a Japanese organization terrific loss would be sustained by our country as members; and so forth, and and who takes his line from such for­ country and by its free institutions if by most important, to avoid so far as pos­ eign sources. But if people are going to the action of this Congress, or a commit­ tee thereof, young people were rendered sible domestic political controversy and define a Communist in some big category to give-so long as this war shall last­ of people v.:ho somehow seem to be too fearful of thinking along progressive major emphasis in its work to the defeat far to the left, then inevitably the corre­ lines. I say this particularly because I anticipate that the men now fighting of the propaganda of enemy powers. sponding definition of Fa:>cist moves over As I have worked on this speech and to include people who in some other peo­ this war will want to have something to say about a constructive solution o::: the thought about the whole matter of my ple's judgment are too far to the right. own relationship to the committee I have How we can achieve national unity if problems of the peace. For the past 4 years I have been a naturally been confronted with the de­ we are going to use definitions of this cision as to whether or not I should re­ sort I am unable to see. member of the Dies committee. main a member of it. I have told one or The thing we milst look for is efforts As a progressive in my political beliefs, two people that I would stay on the com­ on the part of the Axis Powers to break I believe the committee has rendered a mittee and do the best job I could along down America's will to victory by vari­ service to the cause of true American the lines just outlined. But I want in ous propaganda devices. Undoubtedly progressives by exposing the methods all honesty to say to these people and this is being attempted every day. used by Communists to attempt either to to the House that as I think about this These are some of the forms that Axis dominate, use, or destroy progressive or­ question it becomes more and more dif­ propaganda will take: ganizations. I believe it has rendered a ficult for me to see my way clear to follow First. "Germany and Japan can never service to the labor movement by point­ that course. be defeated, the least we can hope for is ing out who the Communists in its ranks I should like to close by stating that I a draw. There is no use to count upon a are. To a lesser extent the committee am devoted to this Congress. My service real victory." has rendered a service to sincere con­ in it has been the greatest privilege I servatives by pointing out how Nazi and have ever known. I like to see congres­ Second. "The American cause is being Fascist individuals and philosophies have betrayed by cur country's own leader­ sional committees independent of intlu­ attempted to infiltrate into, to use, and, ence from the Executive or any other ship." if possible, to dominate conservative or­ Third. "This war is not a battle for place. Because, however, I am thus de­ ganizations. voted to the Congress, 1 am at all times democracy, but is the result of a plot by A committee of this sort can serve a international big business or the useful purpose. concerned that its work be dignified and or ·somebody else. Hitler and Hirohito effective, and I do not want anything But during the past year, in addition done by us here to be recorded in the are really not such bad fellows." to several dissents from personal state­ chronicles of ~he future as narrow­ Fourth. "America cannot trust her ments of other members, I have twice allies so we had better not give any aid minded, bigoted, foolish, or unfair. dissented from reports of the committee. [Here the gavel fell.] to them but in..stead keep all our mate­ One of these occasions was that of the rial in this country to protect ourselves last annual report. I did not sign it but EXTENSION OF REMARKS against invasion." appended a statement of minority views Mr. PATMAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask Fifth. "The President deliberately to it instead. The New York Herald unanimous consent to extend my re­ steered America into the war when it Tribune, among other established news­ marks in the REcoRD and include therein could have been avoided." papers, agreed editorially and without a chart and table showing inductions, Sixth. "The American Government is qualification with the position I took on enlistments, and registrations by States, honeycombed with disloyal people." that occasion. and other information concerning our Seventh. "There is a plot being de­ My position has been, and is, that the armed forces in a letter addressed to the veloped by capital or labor or new deal­ committee's work should constitute ex­ chairman of the Texas delegation. ers or reactionaries or somebody to take posure of all types of prototalitarian ac­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection? over the country after the war is over. tivities, Communist, Fascist, or Nazi, and There was no objection. It is more important to prevent this than especially to expose disloyalty to the The SPEAKER. Under previous order to defeat Hitler." United States and propaganda seeking to of ~the House, the gentleman from New Eighth. •'America cannot win the war undermine that loyalty. I do not believe York [Mr. MARCANTONIO] is recognized without going bankrupt." it is in the committee's province to sit in for 45 minutes. 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 725 THE DIES COMMITTEE Therefore, why the extraordinary pro­ secretary, Lee County Taxpayers Asso­ Mr. MARCANTONIO. Mr. Speaker, cedure and why was this peculiar pro­ ciation, Donnellson, Iowa; Ralph Linton, in the course of my speech I will explain tection from the scrutiny of public opin­ chairman, department of anthropology, the necessity for having to take the time ion granted to this resolution? Columbia University, New York, N. Y.; of the House at this late hour. Instead of allowing full and free dis­ Yehudi Menuhin, violinist, Alma, Calif.; Mr. Speaker, once again the House is cussion, we shall be constrained to vote Dudley Nichols, film writer and director, called upon to extend the life of the Dies this resolution up or down with only Los Angeles, Calif.; JohnS. Nollen, chair­ committee. Heretofore on five separate 30 minutes allowed to the opposition, man of War Savings Committee for Iowa, occasions the request has been to extend and when that 30 minutes is divided, Grinnell, Iowa; Rev. G. Bromley Ox­ its term for only 1 year. Now we are Members opposed to the bill who desire man, the Methodist Church, Boston, · asked to grant it a 2-year lease on the to speak will scarcely be allowed more .Mass.; Arthur Upham Pope, chairman, power and prestige of the House. Just than a minute or two in which to de­ Committee for National Morale, New why 2 years on this occasion has not been scribe the devastating and dangerous role York, N.Y.; Bishop Reverdy C. Ransom, e~plained. Is it because the decisive that this committee has pbyed and will A.M. E. Church, Wilberforce, Ohio; Paul events of 1943 will reveal more vividly to play in the most critical period in the Robeson, concert artist; William Jay the American people the exact and true history of our country. Just why has it Schieffelin, vice president, American Bi­ role of the committee? Is it because the become so necessary to surround this ble Society, New York, N. Y.; Glenn J. execution of the policy of our Nation and resolution for the continuance of this Talbott, president, North Dakota Farm­ of the United Nations to force the uncon­ committee with all of this protection, ers Union, Jamestown, N.Dak.; Mary E. ditional surrender of the Axis Powers which makes mockery out of the demo­ Woolley, president emeritus, Mount will make it clear that the role of the Dies cratic procedure of this legislative body? Holyoke College, Westport, N. Y.; Wil­ committee is not only incompatible with The setting aside of the democratic liam Lindsay Young, president, Parl{ such a policy, but in fact, a. potential ob­ and traditional procedure of the House Coller.-e, Parkville, Mo. stacle to complete attainment of that cannot be justified by the statement Philip Murray, president of the Con­ goal? Is it because it is necessary to made by the author of the resolution that gress of Industrial Organizations, the have it on hand to use it as a spearhead everybody is for the committee. That executiv~ council and the legislative con­ in the drive by domestic Fascists to de­ smacks too much of the glibness of the ference of the C. I. 0., speaking for feat a people's peace after a victorious language employed by the Nazis to jus­ 5,000,000 organi-zed workers, have asked people's war? Is it to insure its existence tify the destruction of democratic insti­ for the discontinuance of this commit­ as a weapon to be used against Progres­ tutions. Further, the appearance of tee. sives and Liberals in the election of 1944, unanimity which the proponents of this Hundreds of American Federation of as it was utilized in the elections of 1938 committee seek to give us is not war­ Labor locals have gone on record against and 1940? Is it because the chairman ranted by the facts. Th; other day the continuance of the Dies committee. of this committee and its defenders fear 1,250 prominent American citizens Only last week the committee received to meet the test of 1943 and therefore re­ signed a petition urging that this com­ the condemnation of conservative news­ fuse to submit themselves to a verdict of mittee not be continued. papers such as the New York ·Herald approval or disapproval at the beginning The following are a few, representing Tribune and the New York Times and of 1944? a cross section of these distinguished the Montgomery (Ala.) Advertiser. · Certainly if the chairman of this signers: Therefore I fail to see how "every­ committee and its advocates have con­ Fay E. Allen, member, City Board af body," as its proponents say, has en­ fidence in its performance of the past, dorsed this committee. Unless, of course, Education, Los Angeles, Calif.; Frank E. by "everybody" they mean George Syl­ the present, and during this year, they Baker, president, State Teachers Col­ should have no fear of judgment by the lege, Milwaukee, ¥/is.; Dean Harold Ben­ vester Viereck, now in a Federal peni­ Members of this House and by the jamin, College of Education, University tentiary, convicted as a Nazi agent, who American people in January or Febru­ said: of Maryland, College Park, Md.; Mary I have the highest respect for the Dies com­ ary of 1944. Again I aslc, why a continu­ McLeod Bethune, president, National mittee and sympathize with its program. ance of 2 years, and why by virtue of this Council of Negro Women, Washington, 2-year resolution, which the Rules Com­ D. C.; John W. Bollinger, president, Or perhaps by "everybody" they mean mittee has now presented to this House, Farmers Union Livestock Commission Fritz Kuhn, leader of the bund, and now deprive this Congress of its right to pass Co., Flasher, N. Dak.; Mary E. Branch, serving a term in Sing Sing Penitentiary, upon the continuance of this committee president, Tillotson College, Austin, Tex.; in New York State, for grand larceny, for 1944? Mrs. Louis D. Brandeis, Washington, who said: Further, why the blitzkrieg method em­ D. C.; Dr. Charlotte Hawkins Brown, I am in favor of it- ployed in reporting out this resolution? president, Palmer Institute, Sedalia, The Dies committee- In the past, Members have had an op­ N.C.; Zechariah Chafee, Jr., professor of portunity, and so have representatives law, Cambridge, Mass.; Alvin B. Christ­ to be appointed again, and wish them to get of organizations including labor, church, mas, State director, Pennsylvania Farm­ more money. and civic groups, to appear before the ers Union, Centerport, Pa.; Harold G. Or perhaps they mean Mr. Colescott, Rules Committee and voice their objec­ Coffman, presiden~. George Williams imperial wizard of the Ku Klux Klan, tions. Why has this practice, which has College, Chicago, Ill.; Rabbi Henry Co­ who said in a pamphlet: been traditional in the House, been hen, Galveston, Tex.; George Dahl, pro­ Behind the whole fight on the Ku Klux flagrantly disregarded this time? Why fessor of Old Testament, Yale Divinity Klan has been that hand of an insidious have the 6 or 7 Members who asked to do School, New Haven, Conn.; John W. alien influence. The vicious fight on the klan so been shut off from the opportunity to Davis, president, West Virginia State sprang from the same source which has fought appear before the Rules Committee? College, Institute, W. Va.; Rev. John the Dies committee from the day of its in­ The resolt:tion for the creation of a Warren Day, dean of Grace Cathedral, ception. committee of this nature originates in Topeka, Kans.; Albert Einstein, Prince­ It is only natural that the klan en­ the Rules Committee. From the stand­ ton, N.J.; Charles A. Ellwood, professor dorses the Dies committee. Or perhaps point of procedure it is in the same posi­ of Sociology, Duke University, Durham, by "everybody" they mean Mr. J. B. tion as any bill before any of the legisla­ N. C.; Dean Alvin E. Evan, law school, Matthews, who has been drawing a salary tive committees of the House. Members UniversitY. of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky.; of $7.500 a year from the committee ap­ and nonmembers have never been barred Dr. Ernest Feise, professor of medicine, propriation and who is, indeed, an ambi­ from testifying as to the merits or de­ Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Md.; Robert dextrous performer. With one hand he merits of any legislation before any J. Harris, associate professor of govern­ drafts the reports of the Dies committee committee. The resolution for the con­ ment, Louisiana State University, edi­ and with the other, or perhaps with the tinuance of the Dies committee, as I tor, Journal of Politics, Baton Rouge, same, writes articles for the Kontra­ have stated, is no different from any La.; Rev. W. H. Jernagin, chairman ex­ Komintern- international propaganda other bill and the Rules Committee in ecutive board, Fraternal Council of Ne­ sheet of . For a piece of this case sits in no different capacity gro Churches, Washington, D. C.; Helen disgusting intellectual debauchery I rec­ from any other committee of the House. Keller, Westport, Conn.; U. S. Lathrop, ommend his book, The Odyssey of a 726 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE FEBRUARY 8 Fellow Traveler, which contains the most mitted his report :;o the House on the in­ Is it any wonder therefore that we find lurid confession of duplicity and double­ vestigation called for, showing that only a member of the committee itself, Mr. dealing. It is available in the Congres­ two of the total number were unfit in his VooRHIS, referring to this claim of the sional Library. opinion to remain in the service, and committee, saying, in his minority re­ I hold here in my hand a photostatic had been discharged. I pointed cut that port: copy of Kontra-Komintern, containing the Attorney General was assisted by the But when the committee states in con­ the articles written for Adolf Hitler's Federal Bureau of Investigation, and clusion of this section that the removal of propaganda sheet--articles written by here we are asked in this report to ac­ the- Japanese from west coast areas was "a none other than the chief investigator of cept Mr. DIEs and Mr. Matthews as bet­ direct result of the committee's report on ter investigators than the F. B. I. and Japanese subversive activities in this coun­ the Dies committee. These are photo­ try," I believe it is making an extravagant stats. Any Member of the House who the Department of Justice. claim. would like to examine them can do so In the first two sections of part 3 of now or come up to my office tomorrow the report, Mr. DIES again raises the Red That is the language of one of the and look at them. bogey and again Red-baitE American members of the committee discrediting When we indulge in the dangerous labor. It is to be remembered that this one of the claims made by the commit­ practice of withholding funds for pay­ report was published January 2, 194:t~ tee in this report which we now have in ment of salary to employees in the execu­ when American workers are giving their the House. tive branches, we have in Mr. Matthews sons, their toil, their services, and their In the light of this exposure the record a very good case for similar treatment money for victory against the Axis. The stands clearly, that the Dies committee for one on the pay roll of our own branch publication of this Red smear on labor has done nothing to further our war of the Government. at this time furthers one objective close against Japan. No, Mr. Speaker, it is evident that not to the heart of the enemy, that is, to in­ In subsection 4 of part 3 the commit­ everybody is for the committeej when jure the reputation of American labor tee seeks to1 take credit for an alleged we bear in mind that the Commander in and thereby cause disunity in our ranks. investigation of anti-Semitic activities. Chief of the United States described the Subdivision 3 of part 3 is a rehash of When this took place and how and where procedure of this committee as sordid; the Yellow Book, which I exposed from we are- not told. All we do know, how­ that the Vice President of the United the Well of this House last year. For ever, is that the gentleman from Texas States and the Attorney General of t.he the benefit of the new Members, I relate [Mr. DIES] himself, only a week ago, United St~tes have condemned its activ­ some of the facts in connection with that sought to justify a lack of real investiga­ ities in even stronger terms. Yellow Book, issued as a report of the tion in this field by throwing a legalistic I may also add the name of Wendell committee of its investigation of Jap­ cloak around anti-Semitism In the Willkie, titular leader of the Republican anese activities. record of his speech in the House-page Party, among those patriotic Americans I charged and proved on the floor of 484, February 1, 1943-we find this lan­ who has recently applauded the gentle­ the House that many of its pages were guage: man from California [Mr. RoGERS] for an exact, word-for-word, comma-for­ I do not hold with those who condemn his statement in opposition to Mr. DIES. comma, period-for-period copy of ma­ anyone on account of his race or creed, but Obviously, not everybody supports terial on the Japanese contained in a there is no law against a man being intol­ the committee, and it is precisely the op­ 10-cent news letter, published by the erant as much as we deplore intolerance. position of millions of people that de­ News Research Service, Inc., located at First of all, this is. not true. Laws mands that the traditional democratic 727 Seventeenth Street, Los Angeles, against intolerance exist on the statute procedure of the House not be scrapped Calif., on July 16, 1941, months before books of many States, and an exposure in order to protect this resolution and the publication of the Yellow Book. of those who engage in this practice the Dies committee from a thorough air­ Former RepresE;ntative Thomas Eliot, would help toward a suppression of it. ing and a thorough examination before of Massachusetts, established beyond Further, the people have not asked Mr. the membership of this House. reasonable doubt that the other pages DIES to be a prosecutor in the courts. A13 no adequate debate will be had on were taken from books and publications The request has bee.n repeatedly niade this resolution, I am compel1ed to avail found in the Congressional Library. Mr. that those who engage in this subversive myself of this opportunity of drawing DIEs sought to justify this action by pro­ activity should be exposed. the attention of the House to some of the ducing on the floor of this House a tele­ The committee is supposed to investi­ salient points of argument against the gram sent to him after my exposure, by gate un-American and subversive activ­ continuance oi the Dies committee. the publisher of the news letter, in ities. Does the gentleman from Texas The committee has recently published which he stated that Mr. DIES was at [Mr. DIES] deny that intolerance is an a report, to justify its. existence and con­ liberty to use this material. As if this un-American activity? Does be fail to tinuance. The report is divided into changed the picture. The issue raised realize that particularly anti-Semitism three parts, the third containing seven was not that of technical plagiarism. I was one of the main subversive activities subl'leadings. exposed the fact that Mr. DIEs sought to with which Adolf Hitler forced himself The high light of the first part of the give to this Congress a report of the into power in Germany? report is~ work, investigation, research, and find­ However, it is most illuminating to That the committee · originally had ings of the committee which turned out note what one of the most active anti­ 3 file cabinets and now has 135 file cab.. to be written material contained in a Semites and apostles of intolerance in inets, and that its index "contains over news letter, written and circulated to America today, Mr. Gerald L. K. Smith, 1,000,000 cal'ds, each containing infor­ the public at the price of 10 cents, by one whose publication The Cross and the mation,on individuals and organizations not even remotely connected with the Flag was recently mentioned in an in­ engaged in subversive activities." Ac­ committee. dictment as a publication employed in a cording to census reports, this means 1 Under the same heading of Japanese conspiracy against the security of our card for every 130 men, women, and chil­ activities, Mr ~DIES in his report states as follows: Nation in time of war, has had to say in dren in the country. I submit this rec­ regard to the committee. ord, without further comment. to the A du·ect result of the committee's report on Japanese subversive activities in this country As a national chairman of the Committee common sense of the membership of this of One Million; the writer is proud to report House. was the removal of the Japanese population from vital west coast areas. that when Mr. Oms asked for a continuation Part 2 of the report deals with so­ of his committee, together with an additional called Communists in the Government, Of course, the War Department had appropriation, the Committee of One Million together with the narrative of Mr. DIEs' nothing to do with this~ nor the Presi­ carried a petition bearing more than 400,000 quarrel with the Attorney General and dent, nor the Department of Justice. If names to Washington, calling for the contin­ uation of the investigation. We placed tbis the Federal BUre~ >U of Investigation. It we are to believe this report, the removal petition before the Rules Committee, and it is true, as the report states, that Mr. of the Japanese was a direct result of the wcs also presented on the floor of the United DIEs submitted 1,124 names to the At­ committee's report in the Yellow Book States Congress. Expert observers insist that torney General for investigation. How­ which, I repeat, was a reprint of publi­ this was the biggest and most effective single ever, it is likewise true that on September cations in the Congressional Library and effort put forth to support the continuation 2, 1S42, Attorney General Biddle sub- of a 10-cent news letter.. o! this statesmanlike committee. 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-I-IOUSE 727 As- for subdivision 5, his &ttack on On January 4, 1943, the Department of The Attorney General stated that the de­ the Union for Democratic Action, I say Justice announced the indictment, charg­ fendants in this indictment included all 28 defendants named in an earlier indictment as one who was attacked by this organ­ ing 33 individuals and 1 corporation with returned by a different grand jury in the ization during my primary campaign, a Nation-wide conspiracy to- District of Columbia on July 21, 1942, and, that this organization exercised its con­ 1. Interfere with, impair, and influence the in addition, six new defendants: George E. stitutior al right in a democracy to call loyalty, morale, and discipline of the military Deatheridge, Mrs. Lois de Lafayette Wash­ upon the voters to elect or defeat any and naval forces of the United States, in viola­ burn, Frank W. Clark, Paquita de Shish­ candidate for public office. It is a viola­ tion of section 11, title 18, United States mareff, Frank K. Ferenz, and the New York tion of the basic principles of democracy Code; and Evening Enquirer, Inc. for this committee of the House to use its 2. Cause insubordination, disloyalty, mu­ The indictment returned today, the At­ privileges and powers to destroy the rep­ tiny, and refusal of duty in the military torney General said, was the result of inten­ and naval forces of the United States in viola­ sive investigation by the present grand jury, utations of men and women because of tion of section 34, title 50, United States Code. covering a period of several months. This their participation in electioneering. Named as defendants in the indictment investigation was conducted by this new In its subdivision 6 the committee in were: grand jury following the indict ment returned its report indulges in red-baiting_gen­ 1. Court Asher, Muncie, Ind. on July 21, 1942, by the earlier grand jury. eralizations against the National Feder­ 2. David J. Baxter, alias The Chancellor, The present indictment, in addition to ation for Constitutional Liberties. That, alias John Pepper, alias John H. Rand, Colton adding six new defendants, cont ains addi­ course, is readily understood wheh we and Oan Bernardino, Calif. tional allegations concerning the scope and o: 3. Otto Brennermann, alias Otto Brenne­ ext ent of the conspiracy, Mr. Biddle said, bear in minu that the National Federa­ mann, Chicago, Ill. alleging that the conspiracy began in 1933 tion for Constitutional Liberties has ex­ 4. H . Victor Broenstrupp, alias the Duke and continued up to the time the present ercised its constitutional rights in con­ of St. Saba, alias Count Victor Cherep-Spir~­ indictment was returned. It also names as sistently opposing the Dies committee. dovich, alias Lt. Gen. Cherep-Spiridovich, a coconspirator, but not as a defendant, on e Finally, we come to the subject given alias Colonel Bennett, alias J. G. Francis, New Ulrich Fleischhauer, of , Germany. the least attention by the committee, oc­ York City, and Noblesville, Ind. 5. Oscar Brumback, Washington, D. C., and It began in 1933, 5 years before the cupying less than 1 out of the 13 pages Luray, Va. creation of the Dies committee, and it of the report. This indeed indicates the 6. Prescott Freese Dennett, Washington, also named 41 organizations and the proportionate importance given by the D.C. same number of publications as being majority of the committee to the problem 7. Leon De Aryan, San Diego, Calif. used at the time and as having been of defeating our country's enemies, with 8. Hudson De Priest, New York City, and Wichita, Kans. created for the purpose of carrying out whom we are now engaged in a life and this conspiracy. death struggle. In this section of the re­ 9. Hans Diebel, Los Angeles, Calif. 10. Mrs. , alias Rev. Frank Count 1 of the indictment charges that port we find another extravaganza. It Woodruff Johnson, Chicago, Ill. from January 1, 1933, to the date of the in­ is a short, short story with regard to Nazi 11. Elmer J. Garner, Wichita, Kans. dictment the defendants "unlawfully, will­ activities in which the committee seeks 12. James F. Garner, Wichita, Kans. fully, feloniously and knowingly" conspired to take credit for the prosecution and 13. Rebert Edward Edmondson, alias R. E. to commit act in violation of section 11, title conviction of Bund members and others, Edmondson, New York City, and Santa Bar­ 18, United States Code, which would: specifically mentioning G. Wilhelm bara, Calif. (i) Advise, counsel, urge and cause in .. Kunze, national fuehrer of the bund, and 14. William Griffin, New York City. subordination, disloyalty and mutiny and Luhagen, Zapp, and Tonn, who, the com­ 15. Charles B. Hudson, alias Rev. Frank refusal of duty by members of the military Woodruff Johnson, Omaha, Nebr. and naval forces of the United States, and mittee claims; were convicted on the basis 16. Ellis 0. Jones, Los Angeles, Calif. (ii) Distribute and cause to be distributed of evidence turned over by it to the De- 17. William Kullgren, Atascadero, Calif. written and printed matter advising, coun­ partment of Justice. · 18. William Robert Lyman, Jr., alias Robert seling, and urging insubordination, disloy­ I just wonder what Attorney General Lanham, Detroit, Mich. alty, mutiny, and refusal of duty by meml;>ers Biddle, Matheas Correa, United States 19. Donald McDaniel, Chicago, Ill. of the military and naval forces of the 20. Robert Noble, L"os Angeles, Calif. United States. district attorney for the southern dis­ 21. , Noblesville, Ind. trict of New York, J. Edgar Hoover, and The indictment charges that this conspir­ 22. Eugene Nelson Sanctuary, New York acy was carried on through the printing, pub­ the F. B. I., who did the work, prosecuted City. lishing, distributing, and circulating of news­ and brought about the conviction of these 23 . Edward James Smythe, New York City. papers, books, magazines, leaflets, circulars, Nazis, have to say about this section of 24. Herman Max Schwinn, ;Los Angeles, pamphlets, and other documents in the fol­ the report. Calif. lowing places, among others: Washington, The country was amazed to learn that 25. Ralph Townsend, San Francisco, Calif., D. C.; Noblesville, Ind.; Muncie, Ind.; New Lake Geneva, Wis., and Washington, D. C. York City; Chicago, Ill.; Wichita, Kans.; Los this report was published without any op­ 26. James C. True, Arlington, Va., and Angeles, Calif.; Newton, Kans.; San Diego, portunity for discussion or amendment. Washington, D. C. Calif.; San Bernardino, Calif.; Omaha, Nebr.; Many House Members will be amazed 27. George Sylvester Vierek, alias J. B. Arlington, Va.; Lake Geneva, Wis.; New Ha­ to learn, and I am now quoting the Hamilton, New York City and Washington, ven, Conn.; Seattle, Wash.; Tacoma, Wash.; gentleman from California [Mr. VooR­ D. C. Erfurt, Germany; Bremerton, Wash., and 28. Gerald B. Winrod, Wichita, Kans. HIS], a member of the committee that- Stuttgart, Germany. 29. George E. Detherage, St. Albans, W. Va. Among other publications employed· in the There has been no opportunity for discus­ 30. Mrs. Lois de Lafayette Washburn, alias conspiracy, the indictment charges, were the sion or amendment of the report or for com­ T. N. T ., Chicago, Ill., and Seattle, Wr.sh. following: mittee members to do any work upon it. No 31. Frank W. Clark, alias G. P., Tacoma, 1. The New York Enquirer. meeting has been held for its conside!'ation. Wash. 2. The Defender. The report was presented to members on a 32. Paquita de Shishmareff, alias Paquit a 3. The Octopus. take-it-or-leave-it basis. It is, in my judg­ de Shismarova, alias Mrs. Leslie Fry, Gl6n­ 4. The Galilean. ment, wrong for such a document as an an­ dale, Calif., and New York City. 5. X-ray. nual report of this committee to be treated 33 . Frank K. Ferenz, Los Angeles. 6. Publicity. in this manner, particularly at this time. 34. The New York Evening Enquirer, Inc., 7. Beacon Light. New York City. It is on the basis of this report that the 8. The Roll Call. (NoTE: The first 23 of these defendants 9. Weckruf und Beobachter (also known as committee asks for an extension of 2 were indict ed on July 21, 1942, by another The Free American) . years. Ladies and gentlemen of the Federal grand jury in Washington, D. C., f0r 10. Industrial Control Reports. House, all I ask is that you rea(i this re­ conspiracy to violate sec. 11, title 18, and 11. World Service (also known as Welt port, the committee's own report, con­ sec. 34, title 50, U. S. C.) Dienst, publish~ at Erfurt, Germany). sider the money expended by the Dies Named as coconspirator but not as de­ 12. Social Republic Society Bulletin. committee during the last 4 years-over 13 . America in Danger! fendant, was Ulrich Fleischhauer, of 14. The Broom. $400,000-before you cast your vote on Erfurt, Germany. the resolution to continue the committee 15. Patriotic Research Bureau News Letter. The case was handled for the Department 16. Road to Victory. until past election time in 1S44. of Justice by William Power Maloney and 17. Women Investors in America Bulletin. · Let me examine further: Vvhat has John T. M. ·Reddan, special assistants to 18. Constitutional Educational Leagua Bul­ been the conduct of this committee in re­ the Attorney General, under the personal letin. gard to the un-American activities of do­ direction of Assistant Attorney General Wen­ 19. Scribner's Commentator. mestic Fascists? dell Berge, in charge of the Criminal Division. 20. War Guilt and War Mongers. 728 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE FEBRUARY 8 21. Revolution and the Fifth Column. spirators against the Nation, carrying on his organization, the Knights of the 22. Edmondson's Economic Research Serv­ their activities against America from White Camellia, also mentioned in the in­ Ice. Washington oo Stuttgart, Germany, over didment as a vehicle of sedition. He was 23. American Vigilante. permitted to go his way and continue in 24. Citizen's No Foreign War Coalition a period of 10 years, and what has the Manual. Dies committee done about it, in fact his seditious activities, and was never 25. America Awake, what has it said about it, in reality, what cited for contempt. He, too, was a do­ 26. Lord Lothian versus Lord Lothian. has it whispered about it? We have not mestic Fascist. Compare this treatment 27. War, War, War. even been told what it has thought with that accorded leaders of labor, anti­ 28. The Cross and the Flag. about it. Fascists, progressives, liberals, and Com­ 29. Cease Firing. This gigantic conspiracy against our munists. 30. The White Knight country in time of war completely Not only is Mr. DIES' and his com­ 31. The Christian Free Press. mittee's record one of negligence and 32. The Natic..nal Liberty Party Bulletin. escaped the attention of Mr. Dies and 33. Friends of Progress. his committee, and their numerous in­ omission, and of failure to act in connec­ 34. The Revealer. vestigators, with their 135 filing cabinets tion With these domestic Fascists but we 35. Waters Flowing Eastward. and their million index cards. find that one Walter S. Steele was the 36. Liberation Were they too busy seeking out nudists white-haired boy witness before the 37. The Hidden Hand. in the Board of Economic Warfare or committee. He was called and con­ 38. The Protocole of the Learned Elders of hounding genuine anti-Fascists, Com­ sidered by the committee an "expert" Zion. munists, labor unions, and fighting witness, and some of the committee re­ 39. Books of the Hvur. 40. Democracy on the Nile. against the Soviet Union oo devote a few ports were written on the basis of Walter 41. Double-Cross in Palestine. moments of attention to this conspiracy, s. Steele's testirnony. 42. Inhumanity Unlimited. which comes more squarely under the Who is Walter S. Steele? (NoTE.-The first 29 of these publications terms of the resolution creating this None other than the representative were listed in the indictment of July 21, 1942.} committee than anything it has done? and leader of the coalition of patriotic The indictment further charges that in Of course, we will be told that of these societies, listed as No. 12 of the 41 sedi­ furthering the conspiracy the defendants or• tious organizations mentioned in the in­ ganized or caused to be organized, supported, 34 the committee sought to investigate used, controlled, or contributed financially William Dudley Pelley, James Smythe, dictment, and a pal and collaborator of to the following organizations, among othe1·s: George Sylvester Viereck, and George E. seditionist No. 22 in the indictment, 1. snver Shirts. Deatherage. Eugene Nelson Sanctuary; seditionist No. 2. Black Legion. Even though the committee seeks to 26, James C. True; and seditionist No. 13, 3. Ku Klux Klan. take credit for the imprisonment of Robert Edmondson. What a situation. 4. German-American Bund (also known as Pelley, the district attorney who han· The leader of an organization involved American-German Bund. died this case knows better. Pelley's first in this conspiracy, the collaborator of 5. National Workers' League of America at least 3 conspirators, is the fair-haired (Detroit). imprisonment originated from stock 6. America First Committee. frauds and had nothing to do with the star witness of the Dies committee. 7. Nationa~ Committee to Keep America committee's activities. When Pelley ap­ WalterS. Steele was following the anti­ Out of Foreign Wars. peared before the committee he heaped Communist line of Adolf Hitler before 8. Citizens Committee to Keep America Out his loathsome praise upon it. this committee. His testimony was one of War. As for Smythe, he has been in con­ page after another of anti-Communist 9. Make Europe Pay War Debts Committee. te~pt of the committee ever since he was propaganda which we have now learned 10. !::lands for War Debts Committee. from the realities of the world of today 11. War Debts Defense Committee. subpenaed for not appearing. Had he been a labor leader, a Communist, a pro­ has been and still is Hitler's technique of 12. Coalition of Patriotic Societies. conquest from within. 13. Crusading Mothers of America. gressive, or a liberal, he would have been 14. Citi!Mns' No Foreign War Coalition. haled by the committee before th _ bar And let us see what the chairman him­ 15. American Guards. of this House to be adjudged in con­ self had to say about the organization 16. Social Republic Society (also known as tempt, as the gentleman from Texas mentioned in the indictment as one of Socis). [Mr. DIES] did in the case of two mem­ the organizations which the conspirators 17. Committee of Patriotic Organizations. bers of the Communist Party. organized or caused to be organized, sup­ 18. Protestant Oentile League. ported, used, controlled, or contributed 19. Pioneer News Service. Mr. SADQWSKI. Mr. Speaker, will 20. Crusader White Shirts. the ger:tleman yield? to financially. Mr. DIEs, in a signed arti­ 21. James 1'rue Associates. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Does the cle in Liberty magazine of March 30, · 22. Women Investors in America. gentleman from New York yield? 1940, admitted his reliance upon and 23. Constitutional Educational League. Mr. MARCANTONIO. I yield. expressed his gratitude to the American 24. We, the Mothers United. Mr. SADOWSKI. In other words, that Coalition of Patriotic Societies. 25. Flanders Hall, Inc. The tragic performance of this com­ 26. United Mothers of America. great mountain from the plains of Texas 27. We, the Mothers, Mobilize for America, labored and labored, and finally produced mittee and its chairman has most defi­ Inc. a mouse. nitely forfeited any claim to the confi­ 28. American Mothers. Mr. MARCANTONIO. The gentleman dence of the American people that they 29 . Purdy Publishing Co. from Texas did not pay any attention to may have ever had. This abysmal, to 30. Knights of the White Camellia. and definitely m·erlooked the most gi­ say the least, negligence is merely a repe­ 31. American Nationalist Confederation. gantic conspiracy this country has ever tition of its failure to act in the case of 32. Militant Christian Patriots. seen in its history, the conspiracy which Japanese activities prior to Pearl Harbor. 33. National Liberty Party. The chairman last year in a speech in the 34. Friends of Rrogress. was revealed by the indictment of these 35. Patriotic Research Bureau. 34 domestic Fascists, their 41 organiza­ House charged that he had information 36. National Gentile League. tions, and their 42 publications. which, if it had been made public, would 37. League of War Veteran Guardsmen. The manner in which George Sylvester have prevented the tragedy of Peatl Har­ 38. P~lley Publishers. Viereck escaped investigation is a matter bor. He sought to place the blame for 39. Pan Aryan Conference. of public scandal. Mr. Viereck was sub­ the failure to use this information on the 40. Capital News and Feature Service. penaed to appear before the committee administration. I picked up that charge 41. Yankee Comrades. on August 4, 1938. That night he took and challenged it. I challenged it with (NoTE.-The first 29 of these organizations a boat to Germany where he received the statement of Sumner Welles, Under were listed in the indictment of July 21, 1942.) further instructions to carry on his dirty ·secretary of State, who authorized me to I now charge that very very few of work which has finally landed him in say that at no time had the State Depart­ those individuals mentioned or the or­ jail. Since his return and throughout ment received any such information from ganizations mentioned or the publica­ the period of his pro-Nazi activity, he Mr. DIES and at no time had they sup­ tions mentioned ever received even the was never interrogated by the committee pressed it. semblance of an investigation by the Dies nor was the subpena ever enforced. The correspondence between Mr. DIES committee. As for George Deatherage, when he and the Attorney General is contained in Here we have 34 individuals, 41 organi­ appeared before the committee, he defied the RECORD of last year. I pointed out zations, 42 publications charged as con- it and refused to answer questions as to and proved conclusively that Mr. DIES 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE never submitted any information to the Thus, while Americans are gloriously tion at 10:30 a.m. on Wednesday, Febru.. . Department of Justice which: as Mr. DIES fighting at Guadalcanal and North Af­ ary 10, 1943, for consideration of H. R. said, would have prevented the catas­ rica and the Red Army is smashing the 1671, and other business. trophe at Pearl Harbor. enemy at Stalingrad and Rostov, Hitler What is the record of the chairman and Mr. DIES are still crusading against EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, ETC. and of this committee in regard to our communism. enemies from within and from without? It was a sin of omission to have dis­ Under clause 2 o~ rule XXIV, executive A record of failure as to the conditions regarded the danger of the anti-Com­ communications were taken from the of Japanese espionage and sabotage in munist line in time of peace. Then it Speaker's table and referred as follows: regard to Pearl Harbor; complete failure was part of Hitler's preparation for a war 159. A communication from the Presi­ as to the Nazis, failure and callous indif­ of conquest. To adopt that same line dent of the United States, transmitting a within. our own country now, while Hit­ supplemental estimate of appropriations for ference to the diabolical conspiracy the Petroleum Administration for War for against the country on the part of the ler and his anti-Comintern Axis part­ the fiscal year 1943 in the amount of $685,- 34 indicted domestic Fascists, their 41 ners use it as a weapon of war against us, 000 (H. Doc. No. 99); to the Committee on organizations, and 42 publications. would be suicidal. Appropriations and ordered to be printed. Again I say that this committee was Mr. Speaker, Mr. DIES and his com­ 160. A letter from the Archivist of the created to ferret out and investigate sub­ mittee guessed wrong. They missed the United States, transmitting a list of papers versive and un-American activities. In real foe. They have failed to see him, recommended to him for disposal by certain time of war, it had the highest obligation even up to now. To continue this com­ agencies of the Federal Government; to the mittee, therefore, is to follow a policy Committee on the Disposition of Executive to carry out the mandate of the Congress Papers. to deal with the enemy from within and which the realities of a world in which 161. A letter from the Acting Secretary of the enemy's agents from without. Yes; people and nations are fighting for sur­ the Interior, transmitting a copy of legisla­ enemies of our democracy, enemies of vival have taught us to be disastrous. tion passed by the Municipal Council of St. our institutions, enemies of the Nation Mr. DIES and his committee have fol­ Croix, V. I.; to the Committee on Insular itself making war upon us from within lowed and are following the anti-Com­ Affairs. and from without. Mr. DIES and his intern line, the anti-Communist line. 162. A letter from the Archivist of the Behind a smoke screen of anticom­ United States, transmitting a list of papers committee failed dismally to live up to recommended to him for disposal by certain that obligation. munism, fascism has marched on and destroyed democracy in its own coun­ agencies of the Federal Government; to the There is a reason why Japanese agents Committee on the Disposition of Executive and Nazi agents and domestic Fascists tries, and democratic nations. To con­ Papers. tinue the committee in the face of real­ 163. A letter from the Secretary of War, escaped the attention of Mr. DIES. It is ities of recent history would be a nega­ an old, old story. It is the history of transmitting a draft of a proposed bill to tion of everything for which Americans amend an act entitled "An act to provide the tragedies of democracies that have are fighting and dying, and would con­ for the use of the American National Red fallen. The diversion of the attack from tribute toward dissipation of that unity Cross in aid of the land and naval forces the real enemy by the creation of the Red which is being forged among the Ameri­ in time of actual or threatened war"; to the scare. The war on the Communists, on can people and the United Nations for Committee on Foreign Affairs. . labor, liberals, progressives, new dealers, the destruction of fascism. 164. A letter from the Administrator, War and on the Soviet Union, the war against Shipping Administration, transmitting report the war administration, now called by LEAVE OF ABSENCE No. 3 of action taken under section 217 of the Merchant Marine Act, 1936, as amended (Pub­ Mr. DIES bureaucracy, was what kept By unanimous consent, leave of ab­ lic Law 498, 77th Cong.); to the Commit­ Mr. DIEs and his committee "too busy." ence was granted, as follows: tee on the Merchant Marine and Fisheries. War against the Communists who, as To Mr. KEARNEY, at the request of Mr. an integral part of 130,000,000 Ameri­ VANZANDT, for 1 day, on account of sick­ cans, are fighting and working like all ness. REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PUBLIO other Americans for victory against the To Mrs. LucE, at the request of Mr. BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS enemy; war against the Soviet Union, MARTIN of Massachusetts, for today, on Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports of to which the gentleman from Texas account of illness. committees were delivered to the Clerk [Mr. DIES] dedicated his . energies and To Mr. McGREGOR, at the request of for printing and reference to the proper his writings and his speeches; this was Mr. BROWN of Ohio, for 4 weeks, on ac­ calendar, as follows: and is the policy of the Dies com­ count of serious illness. Mr. SABATH: Committee on Rules. House mittee. But this, too, has been, and is, Resolution 102. Resolution establishing a the war which Adolf Hitler has told ADJOURNMENT select committee to investigate acts of execu­ the world that he is waging . . Only the Mr. LUDLOW. Mr. Speaker, I move tive agencies beyond the scope of their au­ other day Hitler reiterated to the world that the House do. now adjourn. thority; without amendment (Rept. No. 104). Referred to the House Calendar. in a statement read by Goebbels that he The motion was agreed to; accordingly Mr. BLOOM: Committee on Foreign Affairs. was fighting "to protect the European (at 5 o'clocK and 54 minutes p . .m.) the Senate Concurrent Resolution 5. Concurrent family of nations from the dangers of House adjourned until tomorrow, Tues­ resolution e1rpressing to the National Assem­ the East," and he continued to proclaim day, February 9, 1943, at 12 o'clock noon. bly and people of the Republic of Panama his "crusade agaJ.nst bolshevism." He appreciation of their friendship for the used this anti-Bolshevik game to ride COMMITTEE HEARINGS United States; without amendment (Rept. into power. Mussolini, too, raised the No. 105). Referred to the House Calendar. COMMITTEE ON WORLD WAR VETERANS' Mr. BLAND: Committee on the Merchant anti-Communist cry in his march on LEGISLATION Marine and Fisheries. H. R. 131. A bill to Rome in 1922. The Rome-Tokyo-Berlin The Committee on World War Vet­ provide reemployment rights for persons who Axis, which our enemies formed to con­ erans' Legislation will meet at 10:30 a.m. leave their positions to serve in the merchant quer the world, was announced as a "cru­ marine, and for other purposes; without sade against communism." It called it­ Tuesday, February 9, 1943, in room 356, amendment (Rept. No. 106). Referred to the self the anti-Comintern. The Lavals and House Office Building. Committee of the Whole House on the state the Petains used it in . The anti­ COMMITTEE ON INTERSTATE AND FOREIGN of the Union. Communist slogan was and is Hitler's COMMERCE Mr. BLAND: Committee on the Merchant There will be a meeting of the Corn· Marine and Fisheries. H. R. 133. A bill to technique of conquest, conceived from amend and clarify certain provisions of law the very inception of his plan for world mittee on Interstate and Foreign Com· relating to functions of the War Shipping conquest. The democracies that fell for merce at 10 a. m., Tuesday, February Administration, and for other purposes; with it are no more-divided by this slogan, 9, 1943. Business to be considered: To amendment (Rept. No.107). Referred to the and then conquered by Hitler. continue hearing on H. R. 1012, "To Committee of the Whole House on the state Hitler and the other two members of amend the Civil Aeronautics Act of 1938, of the Union. as amended, and for other purposes." Mr. SABATH: Committee on Rules. House the Axis are today again beating the Resolution 65. Resolution. for the continu­ drums of the anti-Communist theme in COMMITTEE ON IMMIGRATION AND ation of the Special Committee to Investi­ an effort to split the United Nations and NATURALIZATION gate Un-American Activities; with amend­ to divide the people within the United There will be a meeting of the Com­ ment (Rept. No. lOB). Referred to the House Nations. mittee on Immigration ~nd Naturaliza- Calendar. - - -·· 730 CQNGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE FEBRUARY 9 CHANGE OF-REFERENCE By Mr. CURLEY: 92. By Mr. MRUK: Petition of the Buffalo Uader clause 2 of rule XXII, commit­ H. Res.104. Reselution to increase tb.e lend­ Foreign Trade Association, Buffalo, N. Y ., re­ lease to China to 10 percent; to the Com­ questing tha ·~ Congress restore to the Na­ tees were discharged from the consider­ mittee on Foreign Affatrs. tional Budget -an .appropriation to maintain ation of the following bills, which were By Mr. CANNON of Missouri: the field service and thereby the. Buffalo dis­ referred as· follows: H. Res.105. Resalution authorizing the trict offi~e of th'e Department of Commerce; A hHI (H. R. 1462) for the relief of William Committee on · Appropriations to examin.e to the Committee on Appropriations. H. Shultz; Committee on Claims discharged, into and determine the fitness of certain 93. By Mr. ROLPH: Assembly Joint Reso­ and referred to the Committee on War Claims. Government personnel to continue in their lution No. 26 of the State of California, rela- · A b111 (H. R. 1588) for the reltef of Ray­ employment; to the Committee on Rules. tive to the Pharmacy Corps bill; to the Com­ mond Crosny; Committee on Claims dis­ mittee on Military Affairs. charged and referred to the Committee on 94. Also, Assembly Joint Resolution No. 24 War Claims. PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS of the State of California, relative t'o the Under clause 1 of rule XXII, ·private growing shortage of motortruck transporta­ bills and resolutions were introduced and tion; to the Committee on Interstate and PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS For.eign Commerce: severally referred as follows: 95. Also, Assembly Joint Resolution No. 22 Under clause 3 of rule XXII, public . By Mr. FULMER: of the State of California, relative to me­ bills and resolutions were introduced H. R. 1755. A bill for the relief of Broadus morializing the President and the Congress and severally referred as follows: D. Boland; to tbe Committee on Claims. of the United States to amend the Federal By Mr. WADSWORTH: By Mr. LUDLOW: Secutlty .Act in respect to earnings and other H R-1742. A bill· to provide.further for tbe H. R. 1756. A bill for the relief of Smith income of recipients of old-age assistance; successful prosecution of the war tlu:ough a Hayden; to the COmmittee on War Claims. to the Committee on Ways and Means. system of civilian selective war service _with By Mr. O'CONNOR: 96. Also, Assembly Joint Resolution No. 14 the aid of the Selective Service System; to H. R. 1757. A bill for the relief of ChaPles of the State of California, relative to small the Committee on Military Affairs. F. Kegel; to the Committee on Claims. business enterprises; to the Committee on By Mr. MILLER of Nebraska: By. Mr, PETERSON of Florida: Banking and CUrrency. · H. R. 1743. A bill providing for railroad H.R.1758. A bill !or the relief of F. M. 97. Also, Assembly Joint Resolution No. 27 transportation at reduced rates for merchant Maloy; to the Committee on Claims. of the State of California, relative to me­ seamen on authorized leave of absence; to H. R. 1759. A bill for the relief of Mrs. morializing Congress in relation to retaining the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Alethea Arthur; to the Committee on Claims. the administration of California fishery pro­ Commerce. H. R. 1760. A bill for the relief of S. I. duction in the United States Department of By :Mr. RANKIN: Wooten; to the Committee on Claims. Agriculture; to the Committee on the Mer­ H. R.1744. A bill to provide Government By Mr. REES of Kansas: chant Marine and Fisheries. protection to widows and children of de­ H. R. 1761. A bill granting a pension to 98. By Mr. SCHWABE: Resolution protest­ ceased World War veterans; to the Committee Mary E.. Carroll; to the Committee on Invalid ing against the passage of House bill 1290 to on World War Veterans Legislation. Pensions. admit aliens automatically to citizenship By Mr. WALTER: who have resided continuously in this coun­ H. R. 1745. A bill to authorize issuance of PETITIONS, ETC. try for a period of 16 years since 1924, upon suitable insignia to qualified aerial gunn-ers reaching the age of 50 years; to the Com­ or bombardiers of ·the Unite.d· States Navy; Under clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions mittee on Immigration and Naturalization. to the Committee on Naval Affairs. and.papers were laid on the Clerk's desk 99 . By Mr. STOCKMAN: Petition of the By Mr. HOWELL: and referred as follows: Hood River Chamber of Commerce, Hood H. R. 1746. A bill to. authorjze the S.ecmj­ 85. By Mr. ANGELL: Memorial, of the Forty­ River, Oreg., presenting resolution of the ties and Exchange Commission to suspend, second Legislative Assembly of the State of Hood River Post, No. 22, of the American so far as is consistent with the public inter­ Oregon, asking for enactment of a pay-as­ Legion, Department of Oregon, relating to est, the exercise of its duties and ·functions you-go plan for collection of personal income the definition of persons who can claim iull under section 11 of th.e Public Utility Hold­ taxes; to the Committee on Ways and Means. citizenship under the fourteenth amendment ing Company Act of 1935; to the Committee · 86. Also, petition of the agricultural ad­ to the Constitution of the United States, and on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. visory committee of the United States Em­ urging in particular an interpretation which By Mr. SUMNERS of Texas: ployment Service in Oregon, asking for ade­ would deprive all American-born Japanese of H. R. 1747. A bill to authorize the filing quate appropriation for the office of· the their claims as United States citizens; that of certain notices to serve as constructive agricultural statistician for Oregon; to the no persons of Japanese ancestry be returned notice of interest of United States in realty Committee on Appropriations. to Hood River Gounty, Oreg., until the termi­ or personalty under facilities contracts; to · 87. By Mr. FOGARTY: Memorial of the nation of the present confiict, and, if possi­ the Committee on the Judiciary. General Assembly of the State of Rhode Is­ ble, all persons of Japanese ancestry be per­ By Mr. MOTT: land, expressing its approval of the primary manently prohibited from Hood River H. R.1748. A bill to provide for payment of aim of the Ruml plan for income-tax pay­ County; to the Committee on Immigration and Natut:alization. rental allowance to officers of the Navy und~r ments; to the Committee on Ways and certain conditions, and for other purposes; to Means. the Committee on Naval AffairS'. 88. By Mr. FORAND: Resolution express­ By Mr. RANKIN: ing the approv:al of the General Assembly of H. R.1749. A bill to amend Veterans Reg­ Rhode Island in the primary aim of the Rum! HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ulation No. 10, as amended; to the Committee plan. to put both the Government and all individual taxpayers on a pay-as-you-go .in­ TuESDA:Y, FEBRUARY 9; 1943 on World War Veterans' Legisl~~otion. come-tax plan; to the Committee on Ways By Mr. DINGELL: and Means. The.House met at 12 o'clock noon, and H. R. 1750. A bill relating to the tax liability 89. By Mr. FULMER: House resolution sub­ was called to order 1:1y the Speaker. of members of the armed forces dying in the mitted by the clerk of the House of Repre­ The Chaplain, Rev. James Shera Mont­ llervice in tbe United States; to the Commit­ sentatives of Columbia, S.C., memorializing tee on Ways ·and Means. gomery, D. D .. o:tfered the following the Office of Price Administration to raise the prayer: By Mrs. ROGER& of Massachusetts: price ceiling on Irish potatoes grown in• the H. R. 1751. A bill to establish a Women's State of South Carolina .from the maximum our God and our heavenly Father, Army Corps for service in the Army of the price recently established; to the Committee Thou who art the life and the light of Uni:ted States; to the Committee on Military on Banking and Currency. Mairs. ~his wondrous wo.tld, forever be Thy 90. Also, concurrent resolution submitted name adored. We praise Thee for the By Mr. DEWEY: by the clerk of the House of Repr.esentatives H. R. 1'152. A bill to require quarterly re­ of Columbia., S.- C., requesting the Govern­ new miracle of the dawn and for the . 1urns of retailers' excise tax; to the Com­ ment of the United States of America to fresh vigor which flows through our be­ mittee on Ways and Means. recognize that the manne1· of selling tobacco ings. We pray Thee to accept our By Mr. ELSTON of Ohio: by auctioneer.ing in this State is a fair and thanksgiving for guiding influences and H. R. 1753. A bill to provide for the exten­ impartial manner of disposiug of the tobacco helpful friendships. We beseech Thee sion of patents for a period equal to the crops in this State and requesting said Gov­ that we may be able to do Thy will and period during which owners are unable to ernment not to exercise any authority which fulfill Thy purpose as· this day brings us nerive benefits from them on account of the would. interfere w.ith such .manner of sellit..g war emergency; to the Committee on Patents. tobacco; to the. Committee on Agriculture. to the call of. service. By Mr. MILLER'. of Connecticut: 91. By Mr. LYNCH: Resolution of the joint Bless us all with 'the..mercy of grateful H. R. 1754. A bill to provide for the en­ board of the Cloak, Suit, Skirt, and Reefer hearts. Arise, 0 Lord, let not man largement of the veterans' Adrhinistration Makers' Unions of Greater New York, oppos­ prevail, let the nations be judged in Thy facntty at Newington, Conn.; to the Com­ ing any-attempt to ·change labor laws; to the sight. P.ut them to fear~ 0 Lord, that mittee on ·World War Veterans' Legislation. Committee on Laeor. they may. know themselves to be but