Lightrouter Documentation Release 1.10

Andreas Trawoeger

October 08, 2011

CONTENTS

1 Installation 3 1.1 Flash OpenWrt firmware...... 3 1.2 Basic Configuration...... 3 1.3 Storage...... 4 1.4 UMTS...... 8 1.5 GPSD...... 10 1.6 FixTime...... 11 1.7 Statistics...... 12 1.8 SSH-Keys...... 14 1.9 SSH-Tunnnel...... 15 1.10 Lightmeter...... 15 1.11 Local Startup...... 16 1.12 Scheduled Task...... 16 1.13 Sysupgrade...... 17 1.14 Save configuration...... 17 1.15 Restore configuration...... 17

2 Compiling OpenWrt 19 2.1 First Build...... 19

i ii Lightrouter Documentation, Release 1.10

Contents:

CONTENTS 1 Lightrouter Documentation, Release 1.10

2 CONTENTS CHAPTER ONE

INSTALLATION

1.1 Flash OpenWrt ﬁrmware

Attach your router and connect via webbrowser at http://192.168.1.1 with user “admin” and password “admin”. Go to SystemTools → Firmware Upgrade and flash with OpenWrt firmware image downloaded from http://lightrouter.googlecode.com/files/openwrt-lightrouter-final-10-factory.bin

1.2 Basic Conﬁguration

1.2.1 Password

After reboot set password login via telnet and set password to kuffner12568 (in Windows use Putty): telnet 192.168.1.1

root@OpenWrt:/# passwd Changing password for root New password: Retype password: Password for root changed by root

Logout & Login via ssh [email protected] (in Windows use Putty). Login via webbrowser at http://192.168.1.1 with user “root” and password “kuffner12568”.

1.2.2 System Settings

Set hostname in System → System Led conﬁguration System → LED Conﬁguration

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Or change /etc/conﬁg/system to: config ’system’ option ’hostname’ ’atdurrenstein’ option ’timezone’ ’UTC’ config ’rdate’ option ’interface’ ’wan’ config ’led’ ’wlan_led’ option ’name’ ’WLAN’ option ’default’ ’0’ option ’sysfs’ ’tl-wr1043nd:green:wlan’ option ’trigger’ ’phy0rx’ config ’led’ option ’default’ ’0’ option ’name’ ’Heartbeat’ option ’sysfs’ ’tl-wr1043nd:green:qss’ option ’trigger’ ’heartbeat’

1.3 Storage

Attach USB-Stick and check connection: root@OpenWrt:~# lsusb Bus 001 Device 001: ID1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 001 Device 002: ID 05e3:0608 Genesys Logic, Inc. USB-2.04 -Port HUB Bus 001 Device 004: ID 19d2:0117 ONDA Communication S.p.A. root@OpenWrt:~# dmesg usb-storage: device found at4 usb-storage: waiting for device to settle before scanning scsi1:0:0:0: Direct -Access ZTE MMC Storage 2.31 PQ:0 ANSI:2 usb-storage: device scan complete sd1:0:0:0: [sda] 3866624 512 -byte logical blocks: (1.97GB /1.84 GiB) sd1:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off sd1:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense:0f0e 00 00 sd1:0:0:0: [sda] Assuming drive cache: write through sd1:0:0:0: [sda] Assuming drive cache: write through sda: sda1 sd1:0:0:0: [sda] Assuming drive cache: write through sd1:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI removable disk root@OpenWrt:~# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 1979 MB, 1979711488 bytes 1 heads, 62 sectors/track, 62364 cylinders Units = cylinders of 62 * 512 = 31744 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 3 62365 1933247+ c Win95 FAT32 (LBA)

Create partition:

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root@OpenWrt:~# fdisk /dev/sda

The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 5139. There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024, and could in certain setups cause problems with: 1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO) 2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)

Command (m for help): d Selected partition1

Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4):1 First cylinder (1-1322, default1): Using default value1 Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-1322, default 1322): +1G

Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4):2 First cylinder (332-1322, default 332): Using default value 332 Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (332-1322, default 1322): +64M

Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4):3 First cylinder (354-1322, default 354): Using default value 354 Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (354-1322, default 1322): Using default value 1322

Command (m for help): t Partition number (1-4):2 Hex code (type L to list codes): 82 Changed system type of partition2 to 82 (Linux swap)

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sda: 4004 MB, 4004511744 bytes 116 heads, 51 sectors/track, 1322 cylinders Units = cylinders of 5916 * 512 = 3028992 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda11 331 979072 + 83 Linux /dev/sda2 332 353 65076 82 Linux swap /dev/sda3 354 1322 2866302 83 Linux

Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered!

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Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table

Create Filesystem: root@OpenWrt:~# mkfs.ext4 -L lroot /dev/sda1 mke2fs 1.41.11(14 -Mar-2010) Filesystem label=lroot OS type: Linux Block size=1024(log =0) Fragment size=1024(log =0) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 62744 inodes, 250044 blocks 12502 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=1 Maximum filesystem blocks=67371008 31 block groups 8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group 2024 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185

Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (4096 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 28 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. root@OpenWrt:~# mkfs.ext4 -L lhome /dev/sda3 mke2fs 1.41.11(14 -Mar-2010) Filesystem label=lhome OS type: Linux Block size=4096(log =2) Fragment size=4096(log =2) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 97536 inodes, 389546 blocks 19477 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=402653184 12 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8128 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912

Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (8192 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 24 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.s first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. root@OpenWrt:~# mkswap /dev/sda2 Setting up swapspace version1, size = 79609856 bytes UUID=0f10c589-fce3-4f20-9c99-5ec49b4c23f2 root@lightkuffner:~#

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Edit mount points in Luci System → Mountpoints

Or change /etc/conﬁg/fstab to: config ’global’ ’automount’ option ’from_fstab’ ’1’ option ’anon_mount’ ’1’ config ’global’ ’autoswap’ option ’from_fstab’ ’1’ option ’anon_swap’ ’0’ config ’mount’ option ’device’ ’/dev/sda1’ option ’fstype’ ’ext4’ option ’enabled_fsck’ ’1’ option ’enabled’ ’1’ option ’label’ ’lroot’ option ’options’ ’rw,relatime,barrier=1,data=ordered’ option ’is_rootfs’ ’1’ config ’swap’ option ’device’ ’/dev/sda2’ option ’enabled’ ’1’ config ’mount’ option ’enabled’ ’1’ option ’device’ ’/dev/sda3’ option ’label’ ’lhome’ option ’target’ ’/home’ option ’fstype’ ’ext4’ option ’options’ ’rw,relatime,barrier=1,data=ordered’

Create new root ﬁlesystem on usb-stick: umount /dev/sda1 mount /dev/sda1 /mnt rm -rf /mnt/* mkdir /tmp/root mount -o bind//tmp /root

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cp -a /tmp/root/* /mnt umount /tmp/root umount /mnt mkdir /home

Reboot System: root@OpenWrt:~# reboot

Check mount points: root@atkuffner:/home/light# mount rootfs on / type rootfs (rw) /dev/root on /rom type squashfs (ro,relatime) proc on /proc type proc (rw,relatime) sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,relatime) tmpfs on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime) tmpfs on /dev type tmpfs (rw,relatime,size=512k,mode=755) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,relatime,mode=600) /dev/sda1 on /overlay type ext4 (rw,relatime,barrier=1,data=ordered) mini_fo:/overlay on / type mini_fo (rw,relatime) debugfs on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw,relatime) /dev/sda3 on /home type ext4 (rw,relatime,barrier=1,data=ordered) none on /proc/bus/usb type usbfs (rw,relatime) root@atkuffner:/home/light# df -h Filesystem Size Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/root 6.1M 6.1M0 100% / rom tmpfs 14.4M 296.0K 14.1M2% / tmp tmpfs 512.0K0 512.0K0% / dev /dev/sda1 3.8G 99.7M 3.5G3% / overlay mini_fo:/overlay 6.1M 6.1M 0 100% / /dev/sda3 3.5G 263.6M 3.0G8% / home

Create directories: mkdir /home/down

1.4 UMTS

Add UMTS Interface in Network → Interfaces

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Or change /etc/conﬁg/network to: config ’interface’ ’loopback’ option ’ifname’ ’lo’ option ’proto’ ’static’ option ’ipaddr’ ’127.0.0.1’ option ’netmask’ ’255.0.0.0’ config ’interface’ ’lan’ option ’ifname’ ’eth0.1’ option ’type’ ’bridge’ option ’proto’ ’static’ option ’ipaddr’ ’192.168.1.1’ option ’netmask’ ’255.255.255.0’ config ’interface’ ’wan’ option ’ifname’ ’eth0.2’ option ’proto’ ’dhcp’ config ’switch’ option ’name’ ’rtl8366rb’ option ’reset’ ’1’ option ’enable_vlan’ ’1’

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config ’switch_vlan’ option ’device’ ’rtl8366rb’ option ’vlan’ ’1’ option ’ports’ ’1 2 3 4 5t’ config ’switch_vlan’ option ’device’ ’rtl8366rb’ option ’vlan’ ’2’ option ’ports’ ’0 5t’ config ’interface’ ’uwan’ option ’ifname’ ’ppp0’ option ’proto’ ’3g’ option ’service’ ’umts’ option ’apn’ ’web.yesss.at’ option ’pincode’ ’2175’ option ’device’ ’/dev/ttyUSB2’ option ’username’ ’root’ option ’password’ ’kuffner12568’ option ’keepalive’ ’60’ option ’maxwait’ ’60’

Update usb_modswitch script: cd /home/down/ wget http://lightrouter.googlecode.com/files/usb_modswitch_19d2_0117 cp usb_modswitch_19d2_0117 /etc/usb_modeswitch.d/19d2\:0117

1.5 GPSD

NAME=gpsd PIDF=/var/run/$NAME.pid PROG=/usr/sbin/$NAME start() { config_load gpsd config_get device core device config_get port core port config_get_bool enabled core enabled [ "$enabled" != "1"] && exit logger -t "$NAME" "Starting..." [ !-c "$device"] && { logger -t "$NAME" "Unable to find device $device. Exiting." exit1 } # $PROG -n -P $PIDF -S $port $device $PROG -n -N -G -P$PIDF -S$port$device > /dev/null2 >&1 & } stop() {

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logger -t "$NAME" "Stopping..." [ -f "$PIDF"] && { read PID < "$PIDF" kill -9$PID rm$PIDF } }

Change /etc/ntp.conf to: # use a random selection of 8 public stratum 2 servers # see http://twiki.ntp.org/bin/view/Servers/NTPPoolServers

#restrict default nomodify notrap noquery #restrict default noquery restrict 127.0.0.1 driftfile /tmp/ntp.drift

#server 0.openwrt.pool.ntp.org iburst #server 1.openwrt.pool.ntp.org iburst #server 2.openwrt.pool.ntp.org iburst #server 3.openwrt.pool.ntp.org iburst

# GPS(NMEA)+PPS server 127.127.20.0 minpoll4 prefer fudge 127.127.20.0 flag31 flag20

# SMA PPS server 127.127.28.0 minpoll4 prefer fudge 127.127.28.0 refid PPS flag31

#server 192.168.1.253

Get gpstimesync: mkdir /home/down cd /home/down wget https://bitbucket.org/Atrawog/gpstimesync/src/7a5842ac6031/gpstimesync.tar.gz tar -xvzf gpstimesync.tar.gz mv gpstimesync /home

Change /etc/crontabs/root to:

*/1 **** date > /etc/timestamp */1 **** /home/gpstimesync/gpstimesync.py

1.6 FixTime

Update Fixtime script: cd /home/down/ wget http://lightrouter.googlecode.com/files/luci_fixtime

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cp luci_fixtime /etc/init.d chmod 755 /etc/init.d/luci_fixtime

1.7 Statistics

Create directory for statistics: mkdir /home/rrd mkdir /home/rrd/image mkdir /home/rrd/data

Change output directory in Statistics → Collectd → Output plugins → RRDTools

Or change /etc/conﬁg/luci_statistics to: config ’statistics’ ’rrdtool’ option ’default_timespan’ ’1hour’ option ’image_width’ ’600’ option ’image_path’ ’/home/rrd/imgag’ config ’statistics’ ’collectd’ option ’BaseDir’ ’/var/run/collectd’ option ’Include’ ’/etc/collectd/conf.d’ option ’PIDFile’ ’/var/run/collectd.pid’ option ’PluginDir’ ’/usr/lib/collectd’ option ’TypesDB’ ’/usr/share/collectd/types.db’ option ’Interval’ ’30’ option ’ReadThreads’ ’2’ config ’statistics’ ’collectd_ping’ option ’enable’ ’0’ option ’TTL’ ’127’ option ’Interval’ ’30’ option ’Hosts’ ’127.0.0.1’ config ’statistics’ ’collectd_csv’ option ’enable’ ’0’ option ’StoreRates’ ’0’ option ’DataDir’ ’/tmp’ config ’statistics’ ’collectd_df’ option ’enable’ ’0’ option ’Devices’ ’/dev/mtdblock/4’ option ’MountPoints’ ’/jffs’

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option ’FSTypes’ ’tmpfs’ option ’IgnoreSelected’ ’0’ config ’statistics’ ’collectd_disk’ option ’enable’ ’0’ option ’Disks’ ’hda1 hdb’ option ’IgnoreSelected’ ’0’ config ’statistics’ ’collectd_dns’ option ’enable’ ’0’ option ’Interfaces’ ’ffdhcp ff br-lan’ option ’IgnoreSources’ ’127.0.0.1’ config ’statistics’ ’collectd_email’ option ’enable’ ’0’ option ’SocketFile’ ’/var/run/collectd/email.sock’ option ’SocketGroup’ ’nogroup’ config ’statistics’ ’collectd_exec’ option ’enable’ ’1’ config ’collectd_exec_input’ option ’cmdline’ ’/usr/bin/stat-input-olsr’ config ’collectd_exec_notify’ option ’cmdline’ ’/usr/bin/stat-output-syslog’ config ’statistics’ ’collectd_interface’ option ’enable’ ’1’ option ’Interfaces’ ’br-lan br-ff’ option ’IgnoreSelected’ ’0’ config ’statistics’ ’collectd_iptables’ option ’enable’ ’1’ config ’collectd_iptables_match’ option ’table’ ’nat’ option ’chain’ ’luci_fw_postrouting’ option ’target’ ’MASQUERADE’ option ’source’ ’192.168.1.0/24’ option ’outputif’ ’br-ff’ option ’name’ ’Verkehr LAN-Clients’ config ’collectd_iptables_match’ option ’chain’ ’luci_fw_postrouting’ option ’table’ ’nat’ option ’target’ ’MASQUERADE’ option ’source’ ’10.61.230.0/24’ option ’outputif’ ’br-ff’ option ’name’ ’Verkehr WLAN-Clients’ config ’statistics’ ’collectd_irq’ option ’enable’ ’0’ option ’Irqs’ ’2 3 4 7’ config ’statistics’ ’collectd_load’ option ’enable’ ’1’

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config ’statistics’ ’collectd_logfile’ option ’enable’ ’0’ option ’LogLevel’ ’notice’ option ’File’ ’/var/log/collectd.log’ option ’Timestamp’ ’1’ config ’statistics’ ’collectd_netlink’ option ’enable’ ’0’ option ’IgnoreSelected’ ’0’ option ’VerboseInterfaces’ ’br-lan br-ff’ option ’QDiscs’ ’br-lan br-ff’ config ’statistics’ ’collectd_network’ option ’enable’ ’0’ config ’collectd_network_listen’ option ’host’ ’0.0.0.0’ config ’collectd_network_server’ option ’host’ ’0.0.0.0’ config ’statistics’ ’collectd_processes’ option ’enable’ ’1’ config ’statistics’ ’collectd_tcpconns’ option ’enable’ ’1’ option ’ListeningPorts’ ’0’ option ’LocalPorts’ ’22 80’ config ’statistics’ ’collectd_unixsock’ option ’enable’ ’0’ option ’SocketFile’ ’/var/run/collectd/query.sock’ option ’SocketGroup’ ’nogroup’ config ’statistics’ ’collectd_wireless’ option ’enable’ ’1’ config ’statistics’ ’collectd_cpu’ option ’enable’ ’1’ config ’statistics’ ’collectd_rrdtool’ option ’enable’ ’1’ option ’DataDir’ ’/home/rrd/data’ option ’RRARows’ ’100’ option ’RRASingle’ ’1’ option ’RRATimespans’ ’10min 1hour 1day 1week 1month 1year’

1.8 SSH-Keys

Create SSH keys (leave passphrase empty): ssh-keygen -t dsa

Generating public/private dsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_dsa): Created directory ’/root/.ssh’.

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Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_dsa. Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub.

Enable key authentiﬁcation with datenscheibe.org: scp /root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub [email protected]:~/.ssh/atkuffner_id_dsa.pub ssh [email protected] "cat ~/.ssh/atkuffner_id_dsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys" ssh [email protected] "chmod 700 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys"

1.9 SSH-Tunnnel

Change /etc/conﬁg/sshtunnel to: # # password authentication is not possible, public key authentication must be used. # set "option IdentityFile" to he file from which the identity (private key) for RSA or DSA authentication is read. # The default is ~/.ssh/identity for protocol version 1, and ~/.ssh/id_rsa and ~/.ssh/id_dsa for protocol version 2. # ssh will also try to load certificate information from the filename obtained by appending -cert.pub to identity filenames. # config server datenscheibe option user light option hostname 87.106.77.126 option port 22 option retrydelay1 option CheckHostIP no option Compression yes option CompressionLevel6 option TCPKeepAlive yes option VerifyHostKeyDNS yes config tunnelR local_ssh option server datenscheibe option remoteaddress * option remoteport 14001 option localaddress 127.0.0.1 option localport 22

1.10 Lightmeter

Install lightmeter software: mkdir /home/down mkdir /home/light mkdir /home/log cd /home/down wget http://lightrouter.googlecode.com/files/lightmeter-mini-0.5.2.tar.gz tar -xvzf lightmeter-mini-0.5.2.tar.gz cp -r /home/down/lightmeter-mini-0.5.2 /home/lightmeter

Lightmeter check for version Mark 2.3:

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/home/lightmeter/lightmeter23.py -cv

Lightmeter check for Version Mark 2.3l: /home/lightmeter/lightmeter23l.py -cv

1.11 Local Startup

Conﬁgure local startup in Services → Initscripts → LocalStartup

For UMTS change /etc/rc.local to: # Put your custom commands here that should be executed once # the system init finished. By default this file does nothing. usb_modeswitch -c /etc/usb_modeswitch.d/19d2\:2000 usb_modeswitch -c /etc/usb_modeswitch.d/19d2\:0117 date >> /home/log/lightmeter.log /usr/bin/python /home/lightmeter/lightmeter23l.py -c -n AT_Kuffner -o /home/light/ -a -B 8000 >> /home/log/lightmeter.log2 >&1 & sleep 60 ifup uwan exit0

1.12 Scheduled Task

Conﬁgure scheduled task in Services → Scheduled Tasks

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Or change /etc/crontabs/root to:

*/5 **** killall -HUP dnsmasq #***** /usr/sbin/ff_olsr_test_gw #*/5 **** /usr/sbin/ff_olsr_watchdog #0 */4 *** /usr/sbin/ff_rdate #17 **** /usr/sbin/ff_mapupdate */1 **** date > /etc/timestamp 55 **** ifup uwan 0 **** date >> /home/log/rsync.log 1 **** /usr/bin/rsync -avz /home/light/* [email protected]:/home/light/atkuffner >> /home/log/rsync.log2 >&1

1.13 Sysupgrade

Change /etc/sysupgrade.conf to: ## This file contains files and directories that should ## be preserved during an upgrade.

/etc/init.d/luci_fixtime /etc/crontabs/root /etc/usb_modeswitch.d/19d2:0117 /etc/timestamp /root

1.14 Save conﬁguration

Copy conﬁg to USB-Stick: mkdir /home/backup mkdir /home/backup/uci rsync -av --delete /etc /home/backup rsync -av --delete /root /home/backup uci export > /home/backup/uci/uci.export

1.15 Restore conﬁguration

Restore conﬁg and lightmeter ﬁles: cp /home/backup/etc/rc.local /etc cp /home/backup/etc/init.d/luci_fixtime /etc/init.d cp /home/backup/etc/crontabs/root /etc/crontabs cp -r /home/down/lightmeter-mini-0.5.2 /lightmeter cp /home/backup/etc/usb_modeswitch.d/19d2:0117 /etc/usb_modeswitch.d

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18 Chapter 1. Installation CHAPTER TWO

COMPILING OPENWRT

2.1 First Build

SVN checkout and feed download: svn co svn://svn.openwrt.org/openwrt/branches/backfire openwrt.backfire svn co svn://svn.openwrt.org/openwrt/trunk/ openwrt.trunk cd trunk ./scripts/feeds update -a ./scripts/feeds install -a

Building OpenWrt: make defconfig make prereq make menuconfig ionice -c 3 nice -n 20 make -j 5 V=99