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Peron and the Unions
UNIVERSITY OF LONDON INSTITUTE OF LATIN AMERICAN STUDIES RESEARCH PAPERS Peron and the Unions: The Early Years Torcuato S. Di Telia PER6N AND THE UNIONS: THE EARLY YEARS TORCUATO S. Dl TELLA Institute of Latin American Studies 31 Tavistock Square London WC1H 9HA Torcuato S. Di Telia has been a Professor of Sociology at the Universidad de Buenos Aires since 1985; and has taught at the Instituto del Servicio Exterior de la Nacion, first between 1987 and 1990, and again from 1993 onwards. He was a Visiting Exchange Fellow at the Institute of Latin American Studies, University of London, in 2001. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 1 900039 49 4 ISSN 0957 7947 © Institute of Latin American Studies University of London, 2002 Printed & bound by Antony Rowe Ltd, Eastbourne CONTENTS Anti-status-quo elites and masses: a model to build 2 The heterogeneity of the Argentine working class: myths and theories 7 The heterogeneity of the Argentine working class: the facts 11 Social mobilisation and mobilisationism 17 Mass society and popular mentalities 20 1. Mobilisational caudillismo 21 2. Rank and file associationism 28 3. The transmutation of lead into gold 33 The concept of the autonomous working class organisation 33 The organisational models of pragmatic unionism and verticalismo 42 The trade union leadership at the crossroads of October 1945 45 1. The skilled artisan unions 53 2. Land transport 54 3. The riverine circuit 56 4. Manufacturing industry: textile, metallurgy, glass and paper 58 5. Building and food-workers: the bases of communist expansion 58 6. -
Redalyc.INTELECTUALES Y PODER: LA CONFLUENCIA SOCIALISMO LIBERALISMO DURANTE LA PRESIDENCIA DE ALFONSÍN
Passagens. Revista Internacional de História Política e Cultura Jurídica E-ISSN: 1984-2503 [email protected] Universidade Federal Fluminense Brasil Basombrío, María Cristina INTELECTUALES Y PODER: LA CONFLUENCIA SOCIALISMO LIBERALISMO DURANTE LA PRESIDENCIA DE ALFONSÍN Passagens. Revista Internacional de História Política e Cultura Jurídica, vol. 6, núm. 2, mayo-agosto, 2014, pp. 376-398 Universidade Federal Fluminense Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=337330681009 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto Passagens. Revista Internacional de História Política e Cultura Jurídica Rio de Janeiro: vol. 6, n o.2, maio-agosto, 2014, p. 376-398. INTELECTUALES Y PODER: LA CONFLUENCIA SOCIALISMO-LIBERALISMO DURANTE LA PRESIDENCIA DE ALFONSÍN INTELECTUAIS E PODER: A CONFLUÊNCIA SOCIALISMO-LIBERALISMO DURANTE A PRESIDÊNCIA DE ALFONSÍN INTELLECTUALS AND POWER: THE INTERSECTION OF SOCIALISM AND LIBERALISM DURING ALFONSIN’S PRESIDENCY LES INTELLECTUELS ET LE POUVOIR : LA CONFLUENCE DU SOCIALISME ET DU LIBÉRALISME DURANT LA PRÉSIDENCE D’ALFONSÍN 知知知识识识分子和识分子和分子和权权权权力力力力::::阿根廷阿方辛政府中的社阿根廷阿方辛政府中的社阿根廷阿方辛政府中的社会会会会主主主主义义义义和自由主和自由主和自由主义义义义的合流的合流 DOI: 10.5533/1984-2503-20146208 María Cristina Basombrío 1 RESUMEN Este artículo analiza la influencia que recibió el alfonsinismo del liberalismo y del socialismo a partir de dos grupos de intelectuales que aceptaron la decisión política del presidente de permitirles acercarse al poder: el Grupo de Carlos Nino, destacado jurista que nucleó a su alrededor a varios jóvenes alumnos asistentes a su seminario de Filosofía del Derecho de la UBA, y el Grupo Esmeralda, que surgió a partir de la convocatoria del empresario Meyer Goodbar y comprendió a intelectuales vinculados a las Ciencias Sociales, Políticas y de la Comunicación. -
THE JEWS and PERÓN: COMMUNAL POLITICS and NATIONAL IDENTITY in PERONIST ARGENTINA, 1946-1955 DISSERTATION Presented in Partial
THE JEWS AND PERÓN: COMMUNAL POLITICS AND NATIONAL IDENTITY IN PERONIST ARGENTINA, 1946-1955 DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History of The Ohio State University by Lawrence D. Bell, M.A. ***** The Ohio State University 2002 Dissertation Committee: Approved by: Professor Kenneth J. Andrien, Adviser Professor Donna J. Guy ________________________ Professor Matt Goldish Adviser Department of History ABSTRACT This dissertation focuses on the question of Jewish ethnic politics in Argentina under the Peronist regime from 1946-1955. Despite the claims of Perón’s detractors in the United States and elsewhere that he was anti-Semitic and in sympathy with European fascism, Perón in fact demonstrated a considerable amount of pragmatism in his dealings with Argentina’s 250,000 strong Jewish population. Like other Latin American populists, Perón combined a corporatist conception of the state with ideals of popular democracy and widespread social mobilization throughout most of his first two terms as President of Argentina. As such, his regime attempted to integrate a number of traditionally excluded groups, including Jews, into its socially and politically inclusive national vision. In February 1947, Perón officially endorsed the creation of a “Jewish wing” of the Peronist Party, the Organización Israelita Argentina (OIA), in effort to court Jewish voters and promote Peronist ideology within the country’s Jewish community. In doing so, he also granted the OIA considerable powers as the final intermediary between the Jewish community and the state. Yet, unlike many other communities, the Jews of Argentina generally resisted the encroachments of Peronism and the OIA, and instead struggled to forge a compromise relationship with the state. -
Antología Del Pensamiento Crítico Argentino Contemporáneo
SOBRE LOS ANTOLOGISTAS COLECCIÓN ANTOLOGÍAS DEL PENSAMIENTO SOCIAL LATINOAMERICANO Y CARIBEÑO [ARGENTINA] Sergio Caggiano ¿De qué es “crítico” el pensamiento crítico? Es crítico de las apropiacio- José Aricó La colección Antologías del Pensamiento Social Latinoamericano Se desempeña como investigador del CONICET en el Centro de Investiga- nes desiguales e injustas de todas las formas de la plusvalía, desde las Juan Carlos Portantiero Antología del y Caribeño es un emprendimiento editorial de CLACSO destinado a ciones Sociales (CIS) del Instituto de Desarrollo Económico y Social (IDES), propiamente económicas hasta las expropiaciones simbólicas ancladas promover el acceso a la obra de algunos de los más destacados Buenos Aires, y como profesor en la Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Es en formas de producción, regímenes económicos, modelos o sistemas José Nun autores de las ciencias sociales de América Latina y el Caribe. Doctor en Ciencias Sociales (UNGS - IDES), Magister en Sociología de la políticos. Es crítico de los pensamientos naturalizados de los dispositivos Ernesto Laclau Cultura (IDAES – UNSaM) y Licenciado en Comunicación Social (UNLP). hegemónicos, es decir, de las figuraciones culturales que legitiman pensamiento crítico Tulio Halperín Donghi En su primera etapa, la colección constará de 50 títulos, entre Realizó en Berlín un posdoctorado como investigador de la red asimetrías y ocultan las relaciones de poder sobre las que se sustentan, volúmenes individuales y compilaciones, reuniendo el aporte de más desiguALdades.net (Instituto Latinoamericano de la Universidad Libre e que convierten diferencias en desigualdades y construyen desigualdades José Luis Romero de 350 autores y autoras de los más diversos campos disciplinarios, Instituto Iberoamericano). -
Cepal Review 88
United Nations ECLAC JOSÉ LUIS MACHINEA Executive Secretary ERNESTO OTTONE Acting Deputy Executive Secretary ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN CEPAL R EVIEW NUMBER 88 APRIL 2006 SANTIAGO, CHILE OSCAR ALTIMIR Director REYNALDO BAJRAJ Deputy Director United Nations ECLAC The CEPAL Review was founded in 1976 and is published three times a year by the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, which has its headquarters in Santiago, Chile. The Review, however, has full editorial independence and follows the usual academic procedures and criteria, including the review of articles by independent external referees. The Review is distributed to universities, research institutes and other international organizations, as well as to individual subscribers, and is also consulted extensively on the Internet. The purpose of the Review is to contribute to the discussion of socio-economic development issues in the region by offering analytical and policy approaches and articles by economists and other social scientists working both within and outside the United Nations. Accordingly, the editorial board of the Review extends its readers an open invitation to submit for publication articles analysing various aspects of economic and social development in Latin America and the Caribbean. The opinions expressed in the signed articles are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the organization. The designations employed and the way in which data are presented do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the secretariat concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. -
Marxist Theory in Critical Transitions: the Democratiza- Tion of the Media in Post-Neoliberal Argentina
tripleC 10(2): 334-348, 2012 1 ISSN 1726-670X http://www.triple-c.at Marxist Theory in Critical Transitions: The Democratiza- tion of the Media in Post-Neoliberal Argentina Pablo Castagno Universidad Nacional de La Matanza, San Justo, Argentina, [email protected] Abstract: This article contends that for socialist emancipation to advance it is crucial to investigate how political cadres conceal, regulate or displace the demands of citizens and workers in the context of the calamitous effects of global capital- ism. Analyzing the constitutive relationship between politics and the media is an essential component in researching those practices of state ideological production. Specifically looking into the transformation of media policy in the case of Argentina, this article problematizes the different political forms through which the state has cloaked its fundamental contradiction: alleged representation of the general interests of citizens, when explored in critical depth, reveals the state’s actual adjust- ment to a process of capitalist transnationalization that increases irrationality, social inequality and misery. Through this lens, the article emphasizes the value of Marxist dialectic method and theory in imagining a true democratic future. Keywords: Critical Political Economy, Global Crisis, Hegemony, Media Policy, Marxist Political Theory, Neoliberalism, Populism, Kirchnerismo 1. Introduction Examining Argentina, my purpose is to explore how state and political cadres endeavor to contain the social tensions spanning from states’ essential contradiction as institutions that claim to represent the general and national interests of citizens while reproducing the transnational class domination in which global capitalism is based.1 Specifically, I argue the media constitutes a key field of state ideologi- cal regulation and political struggle. -
The Misadventures of Latin American Marxism. Intellectual Journeys
Goldsmiths, University of London The Misadventures of Latin American Marxism. Intellectual Journeys Towards the Deprovincialization of Marxist Thought Felipe Lagos Rojas Submitted for the degree of Doctor in Sociology November 2016 This thesis was funded by the Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Ministerio de Educación, Chile. 2 Declaration I, Felipe Lagos Rojas, declare that this thesis is all my own work. Date: 01/11/2016 3 Abstract This work revisits some trajectories of Marxism in Latin America characterized by their non-official or critical stance vis-à-vis official versions of Marxism, in order to trace and reconstruct a number of attempts to produce a distinctive ‘Latin American Marxism’. The theoretical framework of the thesis draws upon the conceptual achievements of the authors and currents revisited, based (sometimes wittingly and explicitly, sometimes not) on the categories of uneven and combined development, plural temporalities, and translation. Chapter I organizes the conceptual framework that accompanies the reconstruction, in which the common ground of the selected authors lies in to put into question the developmentalist and modernization apparatus that characterized official Marxism during the 20th century. Chapter II and III reconstruct the work of Peruvian José Carlos Mariátegui, considered as the foremost translation of Marxism into a communal-popular perspective with roots in the Andean indigenous community or ayllu. Chapter II focuses on the centrality of ‘uneven and combined development’ in his confrontation to both the homogeneizing perspective of the Second International and the theoretical ‘exceptionalism’ claimed by Haya de la Torre for Latin America. Chapter III continues the reconstruction of Mariátegui’s Marxism in a different yet related register, namely through the incorporation of the notion of ‘myth’. -
The Jews and Perón: Communal Politics and National Identity In
THE JEWS AND PERÓN: COMMUNAL POLITICS AND NATIONAL IDENTITY IN PERONIST ARGENTINA, 1946-1955 DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History of The Ohio State University by Lawrence D. Bell, M.A. ***** The Ohio State University 2002 Dissertation Committee: Approved by: Professor Kenneth J. Andrien, Adviser Professor Donna J. Guy ________________________ Professor Matt Goldish Adviser Department of History UMI Number: 3081899 Copyright 2003 by Bell, Lawrence D. All rights reserved. ________________________________________________________ UMI Microform 3081899 Copyright 2003 ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ____________________________________________________________ ProQuest Information and Learning Company 300 North Zeeb Road PO Box 1346 Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1346 ABSTRACT This dissertation focuses on the question of Jewish ethnic politics in Argentina under the Peronist regime from 1946-1955. Despite the claims of Perón’s detractors in the United States and elsewhere that he was anti-Semitic and in sympathy with European fascism, Perón in fact demonstrated a considerable amount of pragmatism in his dealings with Argentina’s 250,000 strong Jewish population. Like other Latin American populists, Perón combined a corporatist conception of the state with ideals of popular democracy and widespread social mobilization throughout most of his first two terms as President of Argentina. As such, his regime attempted to integrate a number of traditionally excluded groups, including Jews, into its socially and politically inclusive national vision. In February 1947, Perón officially endorsed the creation of a “Jewish wing” of the Peronist Party, the Organización Israelita Argentina (OIA), in effort to court Jewish voters and promote Peronist ideology within the country’s Jewish community. -
Gramsci in Latin America: Reconstitutions of the State
Gramsci in Latin America: Reconstitutions of the State Anne Freeland Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2017 ©2017 Anne Freeland All rights reserved ABSTRACT Gramsci in Latin America: Reconstitutions of the State Anne Freeland This dissertation traces the reception of Antonio Gramsci’s works over a series of critical moments in the development of the Latin American left, including the transitions to democracy in Argentina and Brazil, Latin American subaltern studies in the academic sphere, and the rhetoric of “pink tide” governments of the twenty-first century, with a focus on Bolivia. My central argument is that Gramsci has appealed to Latin American intellectuals as a theorist of the state—notwithstanding his more frequent characterization as primarily a theorist of civil society—and that the different appropriations and deployments of Gramscian concepts such as the war of position and the integral state have been oriented, in one way or another, toward a defense of constituted as opposed to constituent power, and more generally toward the closure of constituted political subjectivities. The project is intended at once as a study of the historico- political conditions of intellectual production in Latin America, and more specifically as a contribution to the scholarship on the long history of the centrality of the state in Latin American politics, as well as an examination, focused on a particular theoretical field, of modes of appropriation and resignification of political concepts in the construction and contestation of power. TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .