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Effect of Oral Saffron Capsules on Sleep Quality in Patients with Diabetes at Zabol-Iran, Bali Medical Journal 6(3): 595-600

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Effect of Oral Saffron Capsules on Sleep Quality in Patients with Diabetes at Zabol-Iran, Bali Medical Journal 6(3): 595-600 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Bali Medical Journal (Bali Med J) 2017, Volume 6, Number 3: 595-600 P-ISSN.2089-1180, E-ISSN.2302-2914 Effect of oral saffron capsules on sleep quality in ORIGINAL ARTICLE patients with diabetes at Zabol-Iran CrossMark Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v6i3.623 Sadegh Dehghanmehr,1 Hossein Shadadi,2* Ali Mansouri,2 Azizollah Arbabisarjou3 Published by DiscoverSys Volume No.: 6 ABSTRACT Introduction: People with diabetes have delayed sleep compared group and a placebo capsule in the control group, for a week, every day to ordinary people and do not have good sleep quality because between hours 12 to 14 am and after taking lunch. After a week, sleep Issue: 3 of impaired glucose level. Saffron effect on insomnia in several quality measured again. studies on animals have checked, and beneficial results for it have Results: After the intervention, the comparison of the mean scores observed. of two groups showed a significant difference (P = 0.001). Also, Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental study aiming comparison of a total mean score of sleep quality in patients before First page No.: 595 to determine the effect of oral saffron capsules on sleep quality and after intervention showed statistically significant difference in in diabetic patients in the city of Zabol in 2016. This study conducted two groups (p = 0.001). on 50 diabetic patients in Zabol city which were qualified for inclusion Conclusion: Results of this study showed that daily administration P-ISSN.2089-1180 criteria for the study. The sleep quality of patients assessed with of saffron oral capsules improves sleep quality in diabetic patients. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Then the intervention was done Saffron can use for improving sleep quality in diabetic patients along as a daily intake of one 300 mg capsule of saffron in the intervention with other existing therapies. E-ISSN.2302-2914 Keywords: diabetes, saffron, sleep quality Cite This Article: Dehghanmehr, S., Shadadi, H., Mansouri, A., Arbabisarjou, A. 2017. Effect of oral saffron capsules on sleep quality in patients with diabetes at Zabol-Iran, Bali Medical Journal 6(3): 595-600. DOI:10.15562/bmj.v6i3.623 1Student, Student Research INTRODUCTION Committee, Nursing and Midwifery School, Zabol University of Medical Diabetes is one of the most prevalent diseases in bio-dynamic and highly organized process which Sciences, Zabol, Iran. human communities which, unfortunately, despite considered as an important part of life. The impor- 2 Msc in Nursing, Nursing and advances in medical science, its outbreak is not tance of sleep in health and disease from the time Midwifery School, Zabol University 1 of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran. only not decreased but is increasing day by day. of Hippocrates has concerned, and disturbed sleep 3Faculty Member, Zahedan Diabetes occurs due to relative or absolute lack of can consider as a major cause of suffering and sick- University of Medical Sciences, insulin or malfunctions in its functioning and it ness at any age.7 Sleep is one of the basic human Zahedan, Iran. results in interference in the metabolism of carbo- needs to conserve energy, appearance, and well-be- hydrates, proteins, and fats.2 Diabetes is the fourth ing. In addition, sleep causes to reduce anxiety and death reason in the developed countries and it stress and neural pressures.8 According to research influences 6 percent of adult population.3 Diabetes works, indirect costs related to insomnia effects on is one of the greatest problems of global health, so a daily consciousness and behavior (accident and that WHO calls it the silent epidemics. There are lack of efficiency) estimated as almost $ 80 billion over 230 million people currently with diabetes per year.9 Insomnia can have adverse effects on worldwide, the meanwhile share of developing different aspects of human life, relationships with countries is more.4 Diabetes prevalence in the world others, job and overall health of the patients and is 1 to 2 percent and is estimated as 3 to 5 percent in leads to depression, decreased immune function Iran, and thousands of new cases annually added. and heart disease.10 Diabetic people have a problem * Correspondence to: 90 percent of current diabetic patients are patients in night sleep due to disturbed glucose level, and Hossein Shadadi, Msc in Nursing, 5 Nursing and Midwifery School, with type II diabetes. over 80 percent of diabetic patients do not have Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Diabetes with complications such as retinop- good sleep quality.11 People with diabetes have Zabol, Iran athy, nephropathy, and neuropathy, also creates sleep duration less than normal amounts of sleep [email protected] several psychological and behavioral effects that in the society.12 Diabetes is a risk factor for drows- widely affect patients’ quality of life. This effect can iness during the day and poor quality of sleep in 13 Received: 2017-05-16 be due to a change of diet, permanent dependence patients. The prevalence of psychiatric disorders Accepted: 2017-08-28 on medication, short or long-term complications such as insomnia in diabetic patients is higher than Published: 2017-09-1 of the disease and its related costs.6 Sleep is a normal individuals.14 Open access: www.balimedicaljournal.org and ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/bmj 595 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Drug treatment of sleep disorders must be MATERIALS AND METHODS considered as the last step because many of Research Subject and Design these sleep problems do not have aspects of the disease and consequences of medical treatment This study is a quasi-experimental study that as well as their performance questioned.15 The aimed to assess the effect of oral saffron capsules use of synthetic drugs today is inevitable. Thus on sleep quality in patients with diabetes conducted the scientists seek for effective drugs with fewer in the city of Zabol. The sample size was specified side effects in plant based medicine for the treat- as 50 using Cochran formula and coefficient of ment of diseases. Given the rich history of tradi- confidence as 95 percent and accuracy as 0.07. tional medicine in Iran, which stresses the use Then, among patients qualified for research inclu- of medicinal plants in the treatment of diseases, sion according to inclusion criteria, 25 ones were extensive scientific research works are necessary randomly assigned to the case and 25 ones in to identify medicinal and pharmaceutical effects control group. Research inclusion criteria included and consumption level of medicinal plants.16 the possibility of taking the drug orally, lack of Medicinal plants used as a replacement therapy cognitive impairment, tendency to participate in which is useful regarding safety and tolerability.17 the study, aged 60-20 years, passing at least one The medicinal plants have been considered today year after diagnosis of diabetes, being literate and given fewer complications and attention of soci- non-use of drugs or medicines that are influential ety to traditional medicine.18 Saffron plant with in sleep quality. the scientific name Crocus sativus L., herbaceous, is a plant without stems, with 10 to 30 cm height, Research Tool and Data Collection with hard bulbs, round, fleshy and covered with Research tool included the demographic charac- a thin and brown color membrane, and it is a teristics form and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index resistant plant. The main compounds of saffron for investigating sleep quality in diabetic patients. include crocin, picrocrocin, and Safranal. It is Demographic characteristics form included such from Iridaceae family.19,20 Saffron is one of the cases as age, gender, duration of suffering from medicinal plants which is known as the health diabetes, marital status, etc. Pittsburgh Sleep flower, King of spices and red gold21 and its Quality Index measures such cases as sleep qual- components play a preventive and medical role in ity (as subjective and by the intended patient), the diseases related to the nervous system, cardiovas- amount of night sleep and adequacy of sleep in the cular diseases, and gastrointestinal diseases.22 The view of the individual according to 4-point Likert saffron is used as an antispasmodic, sedative, help- scale (no, once a week, twice a week, three times a ing digestion, carminative, diaphoretic, mucus week). It also investigates delays in getting to sleep stimulating, stimulating sexual desire, antispas- more than 30 minutes, using sleeping pills to fall modic, increase in appetite, anti-depression, asleep, waking at night due to frequent urination, renal colic, anti-inflammatory, and pain reliever shortness of breath, feeling cold and heat, and in traditional medicine.23,24 Saffron is also known waking due to pain in any of the subjects. The as a powerful antioxidant.25 The impact of saffron questionnaire has 19 items and 7 subscales. A score on the improvement of depression has identified of each sub-scale varies between zero to three and in several studies.23 Analgesic effects of saffron in score 3 in each of them, specifies the maximum various studies have confirmed.21 On the other sleep disorder in that part. Also, the overall score hand, saffron effect on insomnia has been stud- of this questionnaire is between zero to 21, and the ied in animals, and beneficial results have been total score of 5 or more indicates poor quality of seen for it Hossein-Zadeh studied effect of saffron sleep. extract on mice, and it was found that saffron has 10 faculty members confirmed the validity of positive effects on insomnia.12 the demographic characteristics form in nursing The effect of saffron is similar to diazepam activ- and midwifery school of Zabol, and their correc- ity and like diazepam can be used as benzodiaze- tive views were applied.
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