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“A House Divided” Walking Tour of Lexington Cemetery

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“A House Divided” Walking Tour of Lexington Cemetery “A House Divided” Walking Tour of Lexington Cemetery Although the Civil War brought division among families, the Samuel Brown Todd Margaret Todd Kellogg Lexington Cemetery Company maintained a position of political neutrality. Sympathizers of each side owned lots in the cemetery, (1830-1862) (1828-1904) and Lexington soldiers died for both the Confederacy and the am was Mrs. Lincoln’s half-brother. argaret was Mrs. Lincoln’s Union. In addition to private family lots, “soldiers’ grounds” were A Centre College graduate, he eldest half-sister. Margaret Aset aside for burial of Union and Confederate troops. Section N relocated to an uncle’s sugar attended Lincoln’s inauguration was set aside at the beginning of Union occupation of Lexington in Splantation near New Orleans after his Mwith her husband Charles, who applied September 1861. When Confederates occupied Lexington briefly father’s death in the cholera epidemic of for a diplomatic position in the new in September 1862, the cemetery trustees also set aside Section P for 1849. Sam enlisted in the Confederate administration. Yet, Margaret later wrote army soon after the war began. He was letters on behalf of Confederate prisoners the separate burial of Confederate soldiers. Many of those buried killed at the Battle of Shiloh in April 1862, of war and her husband tended wounded in the cemetery died of illness in military hospitals and camps becoming the first of Abraham Lincoln’s soldiers at the Battle of Shiloh - on the operating in the Lexington area. Of those 100,000 (USA & CSA) brothers-in-law to die in the war. Southern side. Kentuckians who served in the Civil War, nearly 30,000 died. Approximately 10,000 were killed in battle, while the remaining [\ 20,000 fell victim to disease and exposure. YZ Martha Todd White Henry Clay Monument Alexander Humphreys (1833-1868) entucky statesman Henry Clay, Todd (1777-1852), is credited with artha married a physician delaying the Civil War with the (1839-1862) in Alabama before the war. Compromise of 1850, which offered a She was unabashedly pro- K leck was Mrs. Lincoln’s youngest temporary solution to the question of Confederate. Even though half-sister half-brother. A family favorite, slavery’s extension into new territories. M of Lexington Cemetery Tour Walking Mary Todd Lincoln refused to receive he enlisted in the Confederate Clay died nearly a decade before the Civil her at the White House, Martha often Army in the spring of 1861. He served “A House Divided” War began. This monument to him was A asked President Lincoln’s permission as aide-de-camp to his sister Emilie’s completed in July 1861, just weeks before to travel north or to ship goods south. husband - Brigadier General Benjamin the war’s first major battle. Clay had seven One widely publicized incident in 1864, Hardin Helm. Aleck fought at Shiloh grandsons who served in the Civil War, which supposedly involved contraband and Vicksburg. He was killed in a three fought for the North and seven fought for the South. goods smuggled to the Confederacy, deeply embarrassed the president. friendly-fire incident outside Baton Rouge, Louisiana in 1862. The effort to build a monument to Henry Clay began immediately after his death in 1852. The monument was YZ completed in July 1861, but because of the onset of the Civil War, Since the first burial in Clay’s body was not reinterred in the vault until April 1864. Lexington Cemetery was Kittie Todd Herr not until October 1849, (1841-1875) many of those buried in the Todd family plot rs. Lincoln’s half-sister Kittie Section F, The Todd Family Burial Plot lived most of the Civil War braham Lincoln used the phrase “A house divided against itself were originally buried years in the Lexington area cannot stand” several times before the Civil War. He referred to elsewhere and re-interred with her mother. In 1862 Kittie was his belief that the nation could not survive without resolving the here later. M briefly detained by Union troops in Adivisive issue of slavery. Yet, the Kentucky-born Lincoln might just as well Louisville while trying to return from have been speaking about his own family. a visit to sisters Martha and Elodie His wife Mary Todd Lincoln was raised in a slaveholding in Selma, Alabama. She was released household in Lexington. During the war, her stepmother and eight of her on President Lincoln’s telegraphed thirteen siblings supported the Confederacy. Several of them are buried in [\ command. After the war she married a the Todd family plot (Section F) in Lexington Cemetery. [\former Confederate officer. YZ David Humphreys Todd (1832-1871) Emilie Todd Helm Elizabeth Humphreys Todd (c.1800 -1874) (1836-1930) lizabeth “Betsy” Humphreys avid was the “black sheep” of the Todd was Mary Todd Lincoln’s Todd family. He ran away from n 1856, Emilie married Benjamin stepmother. Although her son- home at age fourteen to fight in Hardin Helm, son of a former in-law was president of the Union, she Dthe Mexican War. Later a Confederate Kentucky governor. Despite E officer, David briefly commanded the Lincoln’s entreaties, Helm joined the sided with the South during the Civil War. I Three of her sons served in the Confederate infamous Libby Prison in Richmond, Confederate Army in 1861, becoming Army, two of whom died during the war. Virginia, where he was notorious for a leader of Kentucky’s famed “Orphan At her death in 1874, Betsy left money for his harsh treatment of Union prisoners. Brigade.” After her husband’s death at a monument to honor her sons. It reads: David fought at the Battle of Shiloh and Chickamauga in 1863, Emilie briefly “In Memory of My Boys, Samuel B. Todd, served as an artillery commander at the joined half-sister Mary Todd Lincoln David H. Todd, Alexander H. Todd. All first siege of Vicksburg. in Washington. The presence of a Confederate Soldiers.” Confederate general’s widow at the White House proved controversial. We recommend starting your walk at the Henry Clay monument (largest in the cemetery). starting walk at the Henry your recommend in the cemetery). (largest monument Clay We near a family or a tombstone monument. a monument the tour either have listed on Most graves difficult to find. more and are monuments, and Gratz do not have Cooper, Hanson, John Hunt Morgan (1825-1864) The 1st Kentucky Brigade (CSA) is often referred to as the Gordon Granger (1821-1876) Thomas Hart Clay (1803-1871) Section C Section P Section I C “Orphan Brigade.” The name may have come from the fact U ohn Hunt Morgan joined the Confederate that they were cut off from supplies and mail from their homes en. Granger was a career U.S. Army lthough Henry Clay’s son Thomas never joined the army, Army in September 1861. He achieved in Union held Kentucky. There is little evidence that they were officer. An 1845 graduate of the he remained a staunch Union man. He regularly wrote to fame as one of the South’s most feared U.S. Military Academy, he was cited Lincoln of affairs in Kentucky and concerning Kentuckians. Abraham referred to as “Orphan Brigade” during the war, although for gallantry in both the Mexican-American Lincoln appointed Thomas as Minister to Nicaragua in October 1862 and to cavalry commanders. Known as the veterans used the term in later years. G A J“Thunderbolt of the Confederacy,” Morgan War and the Civil War. In September 1862, Honduras in 1863. Some say these appointments were for little more reason made many raids behind Union lines, including he took command of the Army of Kentucky, than that Thomas was Henry Clay’s son. Lincoln called Henry Clay his “beau several forays into Central Kentucky. These Clifton Rodes Breckinridge (1846-1932) which later merged into the Army of the ideal of a statesman.” raids further heightened tensions between local Section G Cumberland, becoming the Reserve Corps. Union and Confederate supporters. Morgan He is famous for his actions at the Battle reckinridge had the distinction of serving in both the of Chickamauga, which helped prevent the National Cemetery was killed in Tennessee in August 1864. A Section N statue of him is located in front of the Old Confederate Army and as a midshipman in the Confederate complete rout of Union forces. Despite his Navy. Son of Confederate General John C. Breckinridge, he successes, Granger’s army career was hindered U Courthouse on Main Street in Lexington. C exington National Cemetery originated in 1861 as a small attended Virginia’s Washington College after the war. The school’s by a reputation for insubordination. After the U soldier’s lot. In 1863, the soldiers’ lot was designated a national cemetery. B war, he was briefly in charge of the district of Texas. In 1876, he died president - Robert E. Lee - encouraged him to go into public In 1867, the government purchased an additional 0.38 acres that doubled John H. Morgan was first buried in Richmond, VA in service. Breckinridge eventually became an Arkansas congressman and Grover in Santa Fe where he was serving as Commander of the District of New Mexico. the cemetery’s size to its current three-quarters of an acre. There are 1,390 September 1864. His younger brother Thomas H. Morgan Cleveland’s Minister to Russia. L internments in the Lexington National Cemetery. Of the original burials, 671 was also killed in action and was first buried in Lebanon, KY were non-commissioned officers and privates who died in hospitals or camps in July 1863. Both brothers’ remains were re-interred in the On June 19, 1865, Union General Gordon Granger and operating around Lexington during the war.
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