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Isotope Hydrology and Integrated Water Resources Management the Originating Section of This Publication in the IAEA Was UNEDITED PROCEEDINGS 23/P International Symposium held in Vienna, 19–23 May 2003 organized by the International Atomic Energy Agency and the International Association of Hydrogeologists in cooperation with the International Association of Hydrological Sciences Isotope Hydrology and Integrated Water Conference & Symposium Papers Resources Management UNEDITED PROCEEDINGS International Symposium held in Vienna, 19–23 May 2003 organized by the International Atomic Energy Agency and the International Association of Hydrogeologists in cooperation with the International Association of Hydrological Sciences Isotope Hydrology and Integrated Water Resources Management The originating Section of this publication in the IAEA was: Isotope Hydrology Section International Atomic Energy Agency Wagramer Strasse 5 P.O. Box 100 A-1400 Vienna, Austria ISOTOPE HYDROLOGY AND INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IAEA-CSP-23 IAEA, VIENNA, 2004 ISBN 92–0–108604–0 ISSN 1563–0153 © IAEA, 2004 Printed by the IAEA in Austria September 2004 FOREWORD While great strides continue to be made in improving the availability of freshwater to rural and urban populations worldwide, more than one billion people today still lack access to safe drinking water. Global efforts to overcome the growing challenge of freshwater availability have been at the forefront of the world development agenda for nearly the last 30 years. A number of recent world events, including the UN Millenium Summit in December 1999, the World Water Forum in March 2000 (The Hague, Netherlands) and March 2003 (Kyoto, Japan), and the World Summit on Sustainable Development in September 2002 (Johannesburg, South Africa) have drawn attention to this growing challenge and to a variety of actions at all levels, technical, political, societal, etc., that are needed to meet it. The United Nations General Assembly proclaimed the year 2003 as the International Year of Freshwater in order to further focus world attention on the freshwater challenge. Improved understanding of the Earth’s water cycle has been widely recognized as one of the key elements of scientific information necessary for developing policies toward a sustainable management of freshwater resources. Over the last 50 years, environmental isotope techniques have provided insights into the processes governing the water cycle and its variability under past and present climatic conditions. Increasingly, isotope techniques are being integrated into water resources management practices. The International Atomic Energy Agency has played a pivotal role in promoting and expanding the field of isotope hydrology over the last four decades. Starting in 1963, the IAEA’s quadrennial symposia on isotope hydrology have played a central role in developing this scientific discipline. Proceedings of these symposia published by the IAEA continue to be cited frequently in publications reporting current research and applications of isotope techniques in hydrology. The 11th symposium in this series was convened by the IAEA from 19 to 23 May 2003 in Vienna. Some 275 participants from 69 countries discussed the past, present and future of isotope applications in hydrology and climate research. A total of 55 oral and 120 poster presentations described many of the applications of isotopes. Extended synopses of these presentations are being published in these proceedings, together with a summary of the symposium results. Selected presentations are to be published in a special issue of the journal Hydrological Processes. It is hoped that these publications will be used as a basis for future research and field studies and that they will help to bring one of the remaining challenges in isotope hydrology, that is, to increase the general use and acceptance of isotope methodologies, into the mainstream hydrology and water resources management. The IAEA officers responsible for the symposium and this publication were P. Aggarwal and J. Turner of the Division of Physical and Chemical Sciences. EDITORIAL NOTE The papers in these proceedings are reproduced as submitted to the Publishing Section and have not undergone rigorous editorial review by the IAEA. The views expressed do not necessarily reflect those of the IAEA, the governments of the nominating Member States or the nominating organizations. The use of particular designations of countries or territories does not imply any judgement by the publisher, the IAEA, as to the legal status of such countries or territories, of their authorities and institutions or of the delimitation of their boundaries. The mention of names of specific companies or products (whether or not indicated as registered) does not imply any intention to infringe proprietary rights, nor should it be construed as an endorsement or recommendation on the part of the IAEA. The authors are responsible for having obtained the necessary permission for the IAEA to reproduce, translate or use material from sources already protected by copyrights. CONTENTS SUMMARY .............................................................................................................................................1 Opening Statement ...................................................................................................................................7 W. Burkart ORAL SESSIONS KEYNOTE PAPERS (Session 1) Water resources prospects from a hydrological sciences perspective (IAEA-CN-104/186) .........................................................................................................................11 J.C. Rodda Hydrological process studies using cosmic ray produced radionuclides (IAEA-CN-104/135) .........................................................................................................................13 D. Lal Environmental isotopes as groundwater management tools: Indispensable or superfluous? (IAEA-CN-104/33)..................................................................................................17 A.L. Herczeg, A.J. Love, G.A. Harrington Dating of young groundwater (IAEA-CN-104/153) ..............................................................................19 L.N. Plummer GROUNDWATER SUSTAINABILITY AND DYNAMICS I (Session 2) Radiocarbon dating of old groundwater — History, potential, limits and future (IAEA-CN-104/148) .........................................................................................................................23 M.A. Geyh Estimating amount and spatial distribution of groundwater recharge in the Jullemeden Basin (Niger) based on 3H, 3He and CFC-11 measurements (IAEA-CN-104/93)............................25 J. Rueedi, R. Purtschert, M.S. Brennwald, M. Hofer, R. Kipfer Use of environmental isotopes (18O, 2H, 3H, 13C, 14C) and hydrodynamic modelling to highlight groundwater mixing in the southwestern part of the Iullemmeden Basin (Niger) (IAEA-CN-104/38) ...........................................................................................................................28 A. Guéro, C. Marlin, C. Leduc, O. Bourema Contribution of environmental isotopes to the study of recharge and dynamics of the multilayered aquifer system of Zeroud Basin (Kairouan Plain, Central Tunisia) (IAEA-CN-104/137) .........................................................................................................................31 L. Jeribi, K. Zouari, J.L. Michelot, C.B. Gaye GROUNDWATER SUSTAINABILITY AND DYNAMICS I (Session 3) Origin and residence times of the groundwater in the multilayered aquifer of Tadla (Morocco) (IAEA-CN-104/170) .......................................................................................................37 N. Zine, A. Zerouali, M. Taleb, L. Latifa, M. Qurtobi, M. Ibn Majah, H. Marah, N. Safsaf, C.B. Gaye, P. Aggarwal, M. Krimissa, J.L. Michelot Evaluation of modern recharge in the Los Arenales Detritic Aquifer, Central Spain (IAEA-CN-104/89) ...........................................................................................................................40 A. Plata-Bedmar, L.J. Araguás-Araguás Chemical and isotopic techniques for development of groundwater management strategies in a coastal aquifer: Krishna River Delta, South India (IAEA-CN-104/19) .....................................42 R.M.P. Nachiappan, M. Someshwar Rao, B. Kumar, S.V. Navada, Y. Satyanarayana Assessing aquifer contamination vulnerability using tritium-helium ages in public drinking water wells in California, United States of America (IAEA-CN-104/132) ......................................46 J.E. Moran, G.B. Hudson, R. Leif, G.F. Eaton Groundwater dating with sulfur hexafluoride: Methodology and field comparison with tritium and hydrodynamic methods (IAEA-CN-104/80) ..................................................................48 M. Dulinski, K. Rozanski, J. Kania, J. Karlikowska, M. Korczynski-Jackowicz, S. Witczak P. Mochalski, M. Opoka, I. Sliwka, A. Zuber Unsteady state lumped parameter modeling of 3H and CFCs transport: analyses of groundwater residence time distribution in a mountainous karstic Aquifer (IAEA-CN-104/102) .........................................................................................................................50 N.N. Özyurt, C.S. Bayari RIVER SYSTEM DYNAMICS (Session 4) Tracing nutrient sources in the Mississippi River Basin, United States of America (IAEA-CN-104/111) .........................................................................................................................55 C. Kendall, S.R. Silva, C.C.Y. Chang, S.D. Wankel, R.P. Hooper,
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