Iňlisçe-türkmençe sözlük

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ABOUT THIS DOCUMENT This document contains data written in Turkmen[tk-Latn-TM]. For more information about this language, visit http://www.ethnologue.com/language/tk-.

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A.D. b.e. (comp. of eýýam) A.D. - Anno Domini ezberlik n ability, skill, know-how Bu wakalar biziň eýýamymyzyň III asyrynda ABL -dan ABL; -den ABL bolup geçdi. These events occurred during the ablative çykyş 3 cf: konsert. n ablative çykyş 3rd century AD. düşüm ablative case {grammar} a_bit az-owlak2 [a:z-owlak] adj a little bit, some able başarjaň adj able, capable, skilful Başarjaň Maňa az-owlak pul gerek. I need a little bit of adamlar işden gorkanok. Capable people aren't money. afraid of work.; ezber adj able, skilful, clever a_bit_earlier öňräk a bit earlier, as early as ezber bolmak be skilful/able/clever ezber işçi possible öňräk gelen bolsaň gowy bolardy it able workman ezber sazanda skilful musician would be better if you had come a bit earlier ezber eller skilful hands A_grade bäşlik 2 n an A (grade), a first bäşlik ablutions täret 1 n ablutions, ritual cleansing baha alýarsyňmy? Are you getting top grades? (washing before you pray) täret kylmak to Okuwgy taryh sapagyndan bäşlik aldy. The pupil perform ritual ablutions got an A for history. abolish ýatyrmak 6 [ýatyrmak] v to abolish a_Kyrgyz gyrgyz 1 n a Kyrgyz person çykys rugsat wizasy ýatyryldy exit visas have a_little sellem n a_little bir sellem a little, a trifle, been abolished comp. maşyny ýatyrmak comp. just a bit bir sellem garaşmak to wait a little bir ýatyr sellem garaşmaly we'll have to wait a little about *üstünde 5 cf: üst, *üstünden. post about, a_Turkmen türkmen 1 n a Turkmen Men türkmen concerning Biz birinji meseläniň üstünde uzak I am a Turkmen. dawalaşdyk. Men täze kitabyň üstündeünde abacus hasap 6 [hasa:p] n abacus (counting işleýärin.; babatda [ba:batda] post about, machine) comp. hasap-hesip concerning Ol pul babatda ejizdir. Concerning finances, he is weak.; barada [ba:rada] post Abadan abadan 2 [abada:n] n person's name about, of; hakda cf: hakynda. post about, Abadan gelýärmi? Is Abadan coming? concerning, regarding; hakynda cf: hakda. abandon terk etmek v to abandon, leave, desert, post about, of, regarding, concerning ol forsake hakynda about him söýgi hakynda about love abate ynjalmak 2 [y:njalmak] cf: ynjaltmak. v about_to_do taýynlanmak [ta:ýynlanmak] v to to drop, abate {wind} be about to do something, to be prepared to do abhorrence ýigrenç n abhorrence, dislike, hate, something disgust, contempt, disdain, strong aversion; above ýokar post above, up, high Ol ýokarda otyr. repugnance ýigrenç duşgusy feeling of He's sitting upstairs.; ýokarky 2 adj above disgust/detestation ýokarky agzalanlar above-mentioned {writing} ability başarjaňlyk n ability, skill, aptitude Ussa comp. ýokarky palata ; ýokary 1 adj above, up öz eden işini basarjaňlyk bilen ýerine ýetirdi. The abridge gysgaltmak 2 [gy:sgaltmak] v to abridge craftsman did his work with skill.; başarnyk n (a novel) ability, skill, faculty, knack; gift Her adamyň öz başarnygy bar. Each person has his own gifts.; abrupt kert adj abrupt, precipitous, steep kert ýer accept kabul etmek 1 [kabu:l etmek] v to accept, abrupt turn kert gaýa abrupt precipice; ýalçy 2 admit, welcome mekdebe kabul etmek to accept adj abrupt, steep, precipitous ýalçy gaýa a steep someone for entrance to a school işe kabul cliff, an overhanging rock etmek to employ, to accept for a job sowgat absolute gürrüňsiz 1 adj absolute, implicit, kabul etmek to accept a present Siziň teklibiňizi unquestioning gürrüňsiz boýun bolmak implicit kabul edýärin. I accept your offer. comp. obedience ekzamen kabul etmek absolutely gürrüňsiz 2 adv absolutely, acceptable makul 1 [ma:ku:l] adj acceptable, undoubtedly, there is no doubt that..., Sen , admissible makul bilmek to consider something gürrüňsiz, mamla. You are absolutely right. acceptable absorb siňdirmek v to absorb, soak up accepted ýerleşmek 4 v to be accepted {employment, education} abstain saklanmak 4 v to abstain (from), refrain (from) ses bermekden saklanmak to abstain from accidentally bilmezden adv by accident, voting iýmekden saklanmak to abstain from accidentally, inadvertently Bir zady bilmezden food/eating öň aýtmak bolmaz. It is not possible to predict what will happen beforehand.; tötänden adv absurd gelşiksiz 3 adj absurd; manysyz by accident, by chance, accidentally [ma:ny:syz] adj absurd, senseless, meaningless, nonsense manysyz gürrüň nonsense, humbug accommodation ýatakjaý [ýatakja:ý] n accommodation ýatakjaý bermek to abundance bolçulyk n abundance, plenty, accommodate (someone), put (someone) up profusion Süýji kökäň bolçulygyna gözim düşip, näme aljagymy bilmedim. say. Bir gytçylygyň bir accompany ugratmak 1 v to accompany, to send bolçulygy ; bolluk n abundance off, to say goodbye Meniň maşynym bolsa, men sizi aeroportan çenli ugradip bilerdim. If I had a abundant bolamak v to become car I could see you off at the airport. Men günde abundant/plentiful Türkmenistan Garaşsyzlyk irden ýoldaşymy işe öpüp ugratýaryn. Konsertden alandan soň, öz öndirýän harytlary merkezi soň sazandany sahnadan şowhynly el çarpma bazarlarda we dukanlarda bolady. Tomus gök bilen ugratdylar. Konsertden soň Pälwan Leýlini önümler bolanda, olaryň bahasy arzanlaýar.; öýüne ugratdy. Çagalarymy günde mekdebe çenli bolelin [boleli:n] adj abundance; abundant ugratýaryn. {not musically} Sanatoriýada dynç alamyzda, bizi bolelin iýmitlendirdiler, ugrumyza seretdiler. according boýunça 1 post according to, in Bolelinçilikde ýaşamak üçin azap çekip işlemeli. accordance/conformity/compliance düzgün boýunça hereket etmek kanun boýunça academic alymlyk 2 [a:lymlyk] adj academic Ol alymlyk derejesini aldy. He obtained a post- account hasabat [hasa:bat] n account, report graduate degree. {inanimate} hasabat bermek to report, give an account ýyllyk hasabat annual report; hasap 3 [hasa:p] n academy akademiýa [aka'demiýa] n academy report, account hasap bermek give an account Türkmenistanyň ylymlar akademiýasy the (of), report (on) comp. hasap-hesip Turkmen Academy of Sciences accountant buhgalter [buh'galter] cf: hasapçy. ACC -ni ACC n book-keeper, accountant; hasapçy [hasa:pçy] accelerate çaltlandyrmak v to accelerate, cf: buhgalter. n accountant, accounts clerk, quicken, speed up ledger clerk accent aksent [ak'sent] n accent accountants buhgalteriýa [buhgal'teriýa] n acquaintance tanyşlyk n acquaintance, accountants department friendship onuň özi tanyşlyk berdi he gave me accounting hasapçylyk 1 [hasa:pçylyk] n [the pleasure of] his acquaintance

accounting acquire dil öwrenmek (comp. of dil1) v to accuracy dogrulyk 1 n accuracy, straightness, learn/study a language, acquire a language Dil directness terjimäniň dogrulygy accuracy of the öwrenmek üçin bar ünsiňi bermeli. You should translation Gazetiň redaktory tekstiň dogrulygyny pay full attention when learning a language. barlady. The editor of the newspaper checked acquit aklamak 2 [a:klamak] cf: agartmak. v to the accuracy of the text. Garalama ýazylan acquit, absolve Suduň esasy wezipesi günäsizi sapagy dogrulygyny barladyp,depdere göçürdim. aklamak. A judge's most important duty is to The lesson notes were checked for accuracy and acquit the innocent. then copied to my notebook.; takyklyk 1 across *üstünden cf: üst, *üstünde. (comp. of [ta:ky:klyk] n accuracy, punctuality üst) across, through, via Toý sewäpkärleriň accurate anyk adj accurate, exact, clear; üstünden zer sepildi. accurately; takyk [ta:ky:k] adj accurate, act akt n act; keramat [kera:mat] n (magic) act, punctual miracle, wonder Dogabitdi körüň gözüniň accurately rejeli adj accurately, orderly rejeli açylmagy keramat. It is miracle to open eyes of goýmak to put in order birth blind person. {religious}; oýnamak 4 cf: accusation aýyplama n accusation; garalama2 n oýnaşmak, oýnatmak. v to act, play roluny accusation garalama kagyzlar drift papaers oýnamak to play a part Gamletiň roluny oýnamak to play/act Hamlet; perde 2 n act üç accusative ýeňiş 2 n accusative ýeňiş düşüm perdeli pýesa play in three acts {theatre} accusative case {grammar} action hereket 1 n action, motion, movement; accuse aýyplamak v to accuse, blame, set the effect herekete getirmek to set in motion hereket blame (on) Ony para alandygy üçin aýypladylar. etmek to move, to act, to be an effect (on) He is disgraced because he took a bribe.; garalamak 3 v to accuse (someone of), set the active aktiw [ak'tiw] adj active; işeňňir blame (on someone), shame; günälemek cf: [i:şeňňir] adj active, energetic, vigorous işeňňir günäkärlemek. v to accuse, charge, condemn; adam energetic person ýazgarmak 1 [ýa:zgarmak] v to accuse kimdir activist aktiwist [akti'wist] n activist biriniň etmişini ýazgarmak to accuse somebody actor aktýor cf: oýunçy, artist. n (film) actor; of their wrongdoing; ýöňkemek v to accuse artist [ar'tist] n actor, actress; oýunçy 2 n comp. gara ýöňkemek actor accuser aýyplaýjy 1 n accuser, prosecutor; acute ýiti 9 adj acute ýiti burç acute angle garalawçy n accuser, prosecutor jemgyýetçilik {mathematics} comp. ýiti zehinli comp. ýiti- garalawçysy public prosecutor ýiti achieve ýetmek 6 v to achieve, gain comp. Ol adapt adaptirlemek [adap'tirlemek] v to adapt; ýetipdir. uýgunlaşmak v to adapt to, to adjust to, to get acknowledgement hoşallyk 1 [hoşa:llyk] n accustomed to Başka şähere göçseň uýgunlaşmak acknowledgement, thanks, recognition, üçin köp wagt gerek. If you move to a different gratitude hoşallyk bildirmek to express one's city it will take a long time to get accustomed satisfaction/gratitude/thanks (to) to it. Ak aýylary yssy kontinentlere geçirseň olar uýganlaşmayarlar. Obada önüp ösemsoň uly şähere uýganlaşmak kyn boldy. deal/bargain comp. Ertiriňiz haýyrly bolsun! add gatmak v to add, mix, mix up ýaga toşap adverb hal1 4 [ha:l] n adverb hal işligi gerund, gatmak to mix up butter with treacle söz gatmak adverbial participle {grammar} to address el gatmak to disgrace, dishonour; adverbial_modifier ahwalat 3 [ahwa:lat] n goşmak 1 v to add Alty goşmak iki daňdir sekiz. adverbial modifier {grammar} 6 plus 2 equals 8. comp. baş goşmak comp. advertisement bildiriş 2 n advertisement; goşmak alamaty mahabat [maha:bat] cf: reklama. n addition goşant 1 n addition, dash çäge goşady announcement ýalan mahabat a false bolmadyk toýun clay having no addition of advertisement; reklama [re'klama] cf: sand; goşma n addition comp. goşma at comp. mahabat. n advertisement reklama etmek to goşma sözlem advertise reklama bermek to put in an address adres ['adres] cf: salgy. n address e-hat advertisement adresi e-mail address; salgy 2 cf: adres. n advice maslahat 1 n advice, counsel maslahat address; ýüzlenmek 1 v to address (oneself to) bermek to advise, give advice (to); nesihat 1 adjust sazlamak 3 [sa:zlamak] v adjust, put right [nesi:hat] n advice; öwüt-nesihat [öwüt- işi sazlamak set things going arany sazlamak to nesi:hat] cf: öwütöwüt-nesihat nesihat. adv adjust relations keýpi sazlamak to come to a advice öwüt-nesihat etmek to admonish, give good mood {fig} advice to, edify, exhort; pent n advice, administration administrasiýa [admini'strasiýa] admonition, exhortation pent etmek to n administration; häkimlik 2 n mayor's office, admonish, exhort pent almak to follow/take administration, government advice; pähim n advice, wisdom, wise sayings, thoughts; sala [sala:] n advice sala salmak to administrative administratiw adj administrative ask advice, seek advice/cousel (from); ündew administrator administrator [admini'strator] cf: cf: öwüt-ündew, öwüt. n advice, counsel dolandyryjy. n administrator ündew etmek to advise ündew geçirmek admirer hyrydar 1 [hyry:da:r] n admirer, lover advise maslahatlaşmak v to advise one another, (of), enthusiast (for), worshipper Owadan gyzyň consult, ask advice (of); to hold a hyrydary köp bolar. A beautiful girl will have council/meeting, have a discussion many admirers. adviser geňeşçi n adviser, counsellor harby adolescent ýetginjek having reached (the age geňeşçi military adviser ilçihananyň geňeşçisi of); adolescent counsellor of embassy; maslahatçy n adviser, adopted_child ogullyk n adopted child, foster- counsellor child ogullyga almak to adopt aerial antenna [an'tenna] n aerial, antenna adultery biwepalyk [bi:wepa:lyk] n adultery, hemra antennasy satellite antenna infidelity, unfaithfulness Köp adamlar aeroplane laçyn 2 [la:çyn] n aeroplane polat biwepalygy bagyşlamaýarlar. Köp maşgalada laçyn steel aeroplane; uçar n aeroplane, plane biwepalygy geçirimlilik edip çagalary üçin affair iş 2 cf: alada, ünji; alada. n business, ýaşaýarlar. affairs iş bilen on business Bu meniň işim. That is advantageous bähbitli [bähbi:tli] adj my business özgäniň işine goşulma! Mind your advantageous, profitable, remunerative, useful own business! Iş pyrryk. The deal fell through. Barymyz üçin bähbitli iş. An advantageous work comp. Bu günki işiňi ertä goýma! say. Galan işe for us all.; haýyrly 1 adj profitable, gar ýagar comp. iş-alada ; ýumuş 2 n affair, advantageous haýyrly ylalaşyk profitable work, job, business ýumuş bilen gelmek to come afterwards ondan soň conjunction afterwards, on business birine ýumşy düşmek to have some after that business with somebody again gaýtadan adv again, anew gaýtadan Afghan obgan 2 [obga:n] adj Afghan Men obgan I başlamak to begin over again gaýtadan gürrüň am a Afghan. obgan dili Afghan, the Afghan bermek to retell; täzeden adj again, anew; language (sem. domains: 4.1.2 - Types of ýaňadan [ýaňada:n] adj again, anew ýaňadan people.); owgan 1 [owga:n] n an Afghan; seredip çykmak to revise, to go over again, to owgan 2 [owga:n] adj Afghan owgan gyzy review; ýene 1 adj again, more Ýene-de bir one Afghan girl owgan dili the Afghan language more Soň, meni ýene-de keselhana getirdiler... (sem. domains: 4.1.2 - Types of people.) Later, they brought me to the hospital again... Afghanistan Obganystan [Obga:nysta:n] n against garşy 2 post against Ol biziň garşymyzdan Afghanistan (sem. domains: 9.7.2.1 - Names of çykdy. He came out against us. şemalyň countries.); Owganystan [Owga:nystan] n garşysyna gitmek to go against the wind Sen şu Afghanistan (sem. domains: 9.7.2.1 - Names of teklibe garşymy? Are you against this proposal? countries.) against_one's_will ygtyýarsyz 2 [ygtyýa:rsyz] aforementioned hälki adj that, what has been, adj against one's will Ol ygtyýarsyz ylalaşmaly aforementioned, that same Hälki gürrüňiň soňy boldy. He was forced to agree. nähili boldy? How did the aforementioned age garralmak v to grow old, age; garramak v to discussion finish?; ýaňky 1 adj that, the grow old, age Ol garrapdyr. He became old. aforementioned Tüweleý turýar we bir salymda Gazygynda garrasyn! always be beside ýaňky guýy gömülýar. A tornado got up and in a somebody till old suwa düşmekden eliň moment that sheep was covered (in sand). garramak to wrinkle your hand by having bath; {singular}; ýokardaky 2 [ýokarda:ky] adj garraşmak v to gradually grow old, age

above, above-mentioned imperceptibly; ýaş2 1 [ýa:ş] n age orta ýaşly

Africa Afrika ['afrika] n Africa middle-aged comp. ýaş-ýeleň ; ýaş4 cf: African afrikaly adj African (person) (sem. ýaşynda. age domains: 4.1.2 - Types of people.) aged garry 2 cf: köne. adj old-aged, aged garry after soň conjunction after, then ahyr soňy the last, öý old house; ýaşynda cf: ýaş4. aged, at the final soňunda in the end soňuny saýmazlyk age of carelessness; soňra conjunction after this soňra- agency agentlik n agency da and then, after all that, still ol soňra-da agent agent [a'gent] n agent üpjünçilik agenti işleýärdi he was still working - after all that; insurance salesman harby agent war agent, spy yzysüre [y:zysüre] adj after, behind yzysüre aggravation ýitilik 8 n aggravation ýagdaýyň gitmek to follow someone closely ýitiligi aggravation of a situation after_all ahbetin [ahbeti:n] particle after all at-da aggression basybalyjylyk n aggression, intention adam ahbetin a horse is also a person, after all to invade after_this aradan [a:radan] conjunction after this aggressive basybalyjy adj aggressive, intending afterlife ahyret [a:hyret] n the afterlife to invade afternoon öýle cf: öýlän. adv afternoon öýlän in ago ozal 1 cf: owal. post ago bäş ýyl ozal five the afternoon öýle namazy afternoon prayers; years ago öýlän cf: öýle. afternoon agonising ejirli 1 adj agonising, tortuous ejirli günler agonising days agonizing jebir-jepa 2 (comp. of jebir) adj 1 cf: ugur. adv - ugruna kowmak to agree comp. agonizing, hard ugruna ýitirmek comp. ugry barmak comp. agony janhowul [ja:nhowul] n agony, suffering, ugur tapmak ; ylalaşmak 1 [yla:laşmak] cf: death pangs Ol janhowluna näme edýänini ylalaşdyrmak. v to agree, to come to an bilenokdy. In his agony he does not know what agreement Siz meniň bilen ylalaşýarsiňizmy? Do is he doing. you agree with me? agree barlyşmak 2 v to agree, get on with (each agreed kaýyl 1 [ka:ýyl] adj agreed, in agreement other) Iki guda öz aralarynda ylalaşyp, (with), concordant (with) kaýyl bolmak to agree çagalarynyň biri-birine barlyşmagyny islediler. (with) Ejem maňa öz gazanjyňa kaýyl bolmagy The two sets of in-laws, agreeing amongst ündew edýär. My mother told me to be satisfied themselves, wanted their respective children to with what I earn. get on with each other. [The two children are agreement ähtnama [ähtna:ma] n agreement, married to each other.]; dil birikdirmek contract ähtnama baglaşmak to conclude an

(comp. of dil1) v to agree on Bir işi bitirmek üçin agreement; razyçylyk [ra:zy:çylyk] cf: dil birikdirip,maslahatlaşyp etseň işiň biter. You razylyk. n agreement Biz gyzyň kakasyndan can complete your work if you discuss it and razyçylyk aldyk. We gained the agreement of come to an agreement.; dilleşmek v to agree, the girl's father. [to get married] comp. nika reach an agreement, arrange Olar duşuşyk razyçylygyny almak ; şertnama 1 [şertna:ma] wagtyny dilleşdiler. They agreed the time of the n agreement, contract; ylalaşyk 1 [yla:laşyk] n meeting. Oglanlar dilleşip gyzlaryň agreement, understanding ylalaşyka gelmek to baýramçylyklaryny gutlap,sowgat berdiler. The agree, to come to an agreement boys agreed to congratulate the girls about agriculture ekinçilik 2 n agriculture, farming their holiday and gave them a present. Joram ekinçilik işleri agriculture works bilen dilleşip bileje teatra sahna görmäge gitdik. I Ahal ahal n Ahal Ahal welaýaty The Ahal province arranged with my friend and went to the (sem. domains: 9.7.2.2 - Names of regions.) theatre to watch the performance. Gizlin dilleşip comp. ahal-teke näme iş etjek bolýaňyz? What are you trying to Ahal-Teke ahal-teke (comp. of ahal) adj the achieve by making arrangements in secret?; Ahal-Teke tribe ahal-teke aty Ahal-Teke horse(s) gepleşmek 2 cf: sözleşmek. v agree (about (sem. domains: 9.7.1.3 - Clan names.) something) Gepleşdik onda. That's agreed then.; aid esbap 2 [esba:p] n aid okuw-görkezme goşulmak 4 v to agree pikere goşulmak to agree esbaplary additional aids of lesson with an idea; göwnemek v to agree, consent, give one's consent; oňuşmak cf: oňuşdyrmak. AIDS spid AIDS v to get (on), agree (with), be on good terms aim çenemek 1 v to aim (at), take aim/sight (with) olar oňuşmaýarlar they don't get on, they tüpeň çenemek to aim a rifle; matlap n aim, are at odds; razy 2 [ra:zy:] adj in agreement goal, objective; thought Men seniň aýdanyň bilen razy. I agree with what air howa 1 [howa:] n air, atmosphere, sky you have said. Ol diňe okamaga razy boldy. He Howanyň temperaturasy. The air temperature. was only content to study. Ol öýlenmäge razy Dowa ýagtylyp başlady. Day is breaking. comp. boldy. He agreed to get married. comp. Razy howa ýoly bol! ; razylaşmak 2 [ra:zy:laşmak] v to agree aircraft howa gämisi (comp. of gämi) n aircraft Ol meniň bilen razylaşdy. He agreed with me.; airline howa ýoly (comp. of howa, ýol) n airline şertleşmek to come to an agreement; ugruna airport aeroport [aero'port] n airport Alans alanlar n the Alans [an ancient nomadic wedding-feast and invited everyone. tribe] all_of_it tutuşlyk n all (of it) alarm howsala n alarm, worry, anxiety, all_the_same ikibaşdan adj all the same Ol uneasiness howsala düşmek to worry, be ikibaşdan geler. He will come all the same. anxious/uneasy/worried (about), become {colloq} anxious (about) all_year ýyl boýy (comp. of boý) all year albinism pis 2 [pi:s] adj albinism, albino pis londonda bütin ýyl boýy ýagyş ýagýar In London açmak to suffer from albinism Biziň goňşymyzyň it rains all year eline kislota guýulan ýalydy,şoňa eli pisli Allah Alla [Alla:] n Allah, God diýilýardi. {medical} allegedly hamala [hama:la] adv supposedly, album albom [al'bom] n album, sketch-book allegedly hamala, ol gijä galan ekendä. Let us alcoholic arakhor [arakho:r] n alcoholic suppose he is late. alienate daşlaşdyrmak v to alienate, drive away allergy allergiýa [aller'giýa] n allergy alive diri 1 [di:ri] adj alive, living Terrorçy diri ele alley alleýa [al'leýa] n alley düşdi. The terrorist was captured alive. diri allotment bag-bakja [ba:g-bakja] n garden, galmak to survive Awto heläkçilikde bäş allotment, vegetable patch Bag-bakjada adamdan birisi diri galdy. In the car accident one gögerýän gawyn—garpyzlar örän tagamly. Sweet of the five survived. Duşmany diri ele almaly melons and water-melons grown in a garden diýilen buýruk geldi. A command was issued to are very tasty. Daýhanlar bag-bakjada zähmet capture the enemy alive. comp. diri samsyk çekip işleýärler. Peasant farmers toil away in all bar 4 [ba:r] adj all of, the whole Bar edilen allotments. işler biderek boldy. All the work that had been allow goýbermek 2 v to allow, let, permit done was a waste of time. comp. Arma(ň)! Bar allow_past geçirmek 4 v to allow something past, bol(uň)! comp. bar bolmak comp. bary-ýogy ; to make something go through suw geçirmek to barça Pronoun all (of), the entire; ähli all ähli make water flow (past) comp. başdan ýerde everywhere ähli halk international; geçirmek2 comp. biri-birinden geçirmek comp. hemme adj all, every hemme zat everything bokurdakdan geçirmek comp. durmuşa hemmämiz all of us hemmesi all of them hemme geçirmek comp. geçirýän işlikler comp. gözden ýerde everywhere; jem 2 n all, whole jemi önüm geçirmek comp. itden geçirmek gross product jem bolmak to gather; külli adj allow_through geçirmek 2 v let someone go past, all, whole külli jahan the whole world Külli allow through, make way (for) Ony geçiriň! Let türkmen ili Garaşsyzlyk baýramyny belleýär. The him through! comp. başdan geçirmek comp. whole turkmen people çelebrates Independençe 2 biri-birinden geçirmek comp. bokurdakdan holiday. comp. külli günä ; uzak 3 adj all, geçirmek comp. durmuşa geçirmek comp. entire, whole Men uzak gije kitap okap daňyň geçirýän işlikler comp. gözden geçirmek comp. atanyny bilmändirn. Gyzlar uzak gün pagta itden geçirmek meýdanynda bolyp, agşam ara derýa suwa düşmäge gitdiler. Aşgabatdan Mara golýançäm ally tarapdar 2 [tarapda:r] n ally uzak ýoly uklap geldim. {time, distance} comp. almond badam [ba:dam] n almond Ömrüň uzak bolsun! along ugruna 2 cf: ugur. post along, beside all_around töwerek daşy adj all around Meret Mekdep okuwçylar ýolyň ugruna agaç töwerek daşyny çagyryp toý etdi. Meret gave a nahallaryny ekdiler. The school children planted trees along the road. Agaçdan gaçan ýapraklar şemalyň ugruna uçýardylar. leaves blown 'in the American amerikaly n American; amerikan adj direction of' the wind, or perhaps 'along with' American the wind Biz suwyň ugruna ýüzüp gitdik. with ammunition ok-däri n ammunition ok-däri the current Çagalar maşynlaryň geçýan ýolynyň sklady ammunition store ugrunda oýnaýardylar. on the street Köýnegimi amount jemi adj in all, a total of, amount of, öz ugruna ütükleşdirdim. direction (but adv?) number of, total number puluň jemi amount of Goşlaryňy düwüpsiň ugur niräk? where, where to money Biz jemi bäş adamdyk. There were five of Çagaň ugruny tapyp bilňokmy, aglagyp dursyň? ? us altogether.; möçber 2 n amount, quantity to go towards comp. ugruna ýitirmek comp. puluň möçberi amount of money ugry barmak comp. ugur tapmak Amu_Derya Amyderýa [a:myderýa:] cf: Jeýhun. alphabet elipbiý [eli:pbiý] n alphabet elipbiý n Amu Darya (Oxus) [a river running through boýunça alphabetically, in alphabetical order Central Asia, including Turkmenistan] comp. elipbiýden şermende elipden şermende ; amulet doga 1 [doga:] n amulet, talisman doga harplyk n alphabet book, ABC book dakynmak to wear an amulet Howpdan gorar already eýýäm adv already ýaly molla maňa dakynmana doga ýazyp berdi. also hem 1 adv also, too, as well as Bu gyz hem Molla gave me an amulet to wear in order to owadan. This girl is also beautiful. protect from the danger. although hem 2 particle even though, although, amused güýmenmek 1 v to be amused, be even if Ol ýaş hem bolsa köp zat bilýär. Although occupied (with), be engaged (in) iş bilen he is young he knows a lot. güýmenmek to be occupied with work always elmydam [elmyda:m] cf: elmydama. adj amusement güýmenje n amusement, fun, always, for ever Ol elmydam işli. He is always entertainment güýmenje üçin for fun; tomaşa n busy. elmydam şeýle always the same; amusement, show elmydama [elmyda:ma] cf: elmydam. adv anaesthetise doňdurmak 2 v anaesthetise, give always elmydama türgenleşik geçmeli always an anaesthetic Gaharyma maňlaýyňa must be trained; hemişe 1 adv always, doňdurmakam git şu ýerden. Go away from here constantly, permanently; mydam [myda:m] before I strike to your forehead. adj always mydam şeýle always the same Ol analysis analiz [an'aliz] n analysis mydam ýanymda. He is always with me.; ancestor baba 2 [ba:ba] n ancestor Biziň ata- mydama [myda:ma:] adv always, for ever Sen babalarymyz köp däp-dessurlary galdyrypdyr. Our mydama zeýrenip ýörsüň. ancestors passed on many traditions to us. ambassador ilçi 1 [i:lçi] n ambassador, diplomat ancestors ata 2 n ancestors Atasyz toýda ýetim, Türkmenistana daşary ýurtly ilçiler geldiler. The enesiz günde ýetim. One is an orphan at foreign embassadors came to Turkmenistan weddings without a father, but one is an ambling ýorga adj ambling ýorga at an ambling orphan every day without a mother. ata-baba horse ancestors, forefathers ata nesihaty father's ambulance tiz kömek maşyny (comp. of commandments comp. atalar sözi comp. atam kömek) ambulance döwründen galan comp. atam öýi say. Atasyz amen omyn [omy:n] cf: töwwir galdyrmak. oglan ýetim, enesiz oglan ýesir interj amen omyn etmek to say grace anchor labyr n anchor labyr taşlamak to drop America Amerika [A'merika] n America (sem. anchor domains: 4.6.7.1 - Country.) ancient gadymky [gady:mky] cf: gadymy. adv animals haýwanat [haýwa:na:t] n animals, ancient; gadymy [gady:my] cf: gadymky. adj fauna, wildlife haýwanat bagy zoo ancient, old, antique, olden (days) gadymy ankle topuk n ankle turkmenler Turkmen in ancient times gadym anniversary ýubileý 1 [ýubi'leý] n anniversary; ancient gadym zamanda... long ago gadymy däp jubilee; ýyllyk n anniversary Garaşsyzlygyň ancient tradition sekiz ýyllygy the 8th anniversary of and -da2 1 [-da:] cf: -dä, -de. conjunction and Independence Aýna-da, Aknur-da iňlis dilini öwrenýärler.5 Both announcement bildiriş 1 n announcement, Ayna and Aknur learn English.; -de cf: -dä, notice bildiriş tagtasy notice board

-da2. conjunction and ; though; bilen 2 post and, annual birýyllyk adj a year's, twelve months, for with, together with çaý bilen gant tea with sugar a year, annual, yearly birýyllyk ekin Oraz, Gözel bilen Oraz and Gozel; hem 3 annually ýylsaýyn [ýylsa:ýyn] adv annually, conjunction and; we conjunction and studentler every year, yearly, year by year ýylsaýyn ösmek we mugallymlar gyzlar we oglanlar we şoňa to grow year by year meňzeşler etc., and so on {used mainly as coordinating conjunction} annul bozmak 4 v to annul, cancel, abolish, break Haýsydyr bir tarap şertnamany bozsa, and_so şeýlelik bilen (comp. of şeýlelik) and so şertnama baglaşygy bozulýar. Siz bilen şertnama anecdote anekdot [anek'dot] cf: şorta söz. n bozmaga islämok. anecdote, story, joke; şorta söz cf: anekdot. another başga 1 adj another, other, different (comp. of söz) anecdote Başga maşyn sürmek üçin, meniň derejäm gabat angel melek n angel {religious} comp. melek ýaly gelenok. My driving categories don't allow me owadan ; perişde [peri:şde] n angel to drive a different sort of vehicle. Garrygyz anger gahar n anger gahar gelmek to get angry gawuny bilen waharman gawunynyň tagamy Meniň gaharym geldi. I was angry. gahar etmek başga. Old-maid melons and Waharman melons to be angry gaharyňy ýuwutmak to calm down; have a different flavour; kişi adj someone gyzmak 4 v to get angry, get excited, fly into a else's, another's, others' kişiň zady someone passion gany gyzmak to get angry, fly into a else's belongings; özge 1 adj different, another passion özge ýerde in another place; ýene 2 adj in angle gyraň 1 n angle addition, another ýene bäş müň manatlyk haryt angry agyr ýüzli (comp. of ýüz2) a) angry b) al. Buy something else for five thousand manat. taciturn, uncommunicative; gaharlanmak v to answer gaýtargy 1 n answer gaýtargy bermek to

be angry; nagara1 n criticism, anger comp. Sen answer back bize nagaraňy döwme. ant garynja n ant garynja kislotasy formic acid animal haýwan 1 [haýwa:n] n animal, beast öý sary garynja yellow ant haýwanlary domestic animals; janly 2 [ja:nly] antenna murt 3 n antenna, feeler {insect} comp. n grazing animals, sheep, sheep and goats janly murt tabamak comp. murt uny palta kesmez. soýmak to kill a lamb, a sheep or a goat comp. comp. murtuň towly bolsun, işiň şowly! comp. janly-jandar ; mal 1 [ma:l] n domestic animal, murty syh-syh bolmak livestock iri şahly mal cattle mal-gara sheep and anthem gimn n anthem döwlet gimni National goats; flocks mal bakmak to graze, pasture, to Anthem shepherd, tend comp. çig mal comp. mal anthology toplum 2 cf: kompleks. n anthology, kesmek collection Magtymgulynyň eserleri toplumy Magtymguly's collected works appetite antique ýadygärlik 3 [ýa:dygärlik] n antique, apple alma n apple comp. ýer almasy antiquity arheologik ýadygärlikler archeological applicant arzaçy n applicant finds apply_mascara kirpikleriňi boýa (comp. of antiquity gadym [gady:m] n antiquity, ancient, boýamak) to apply mascara to one's eye-lashes historic gadym wagtlarda in ancient times ol hemişe kirpiklerini boýaýar. she always wears anvil sandal1 n anvil a mascara on her eye-lashes. anxiety birahatlyk [bi:rahatlyk] n anxiety, lack appoint bellemek 1 v to appoint, choose wezipe of peace; howatyr [howa:ty:r] n alarm, worry, bellemek to appoint to a responsible position trouble, anxiety, fear, unease Kärhanamyza täze başlyk bellendi. Our work- any islendik adj any, at random, any time place has had a new boss appointed. Islendik soragyň jogaby bar. There is answer for apprenticeship okuwçylyk n period spent as a any question. pupil/student; apprenticeship apologise ötünmek v to apologise approach çemeleşmek v to approach meselä apostrophe dyrnak 3 n apostrophe, quotation takyk çemeleşmek; ýakynlaşmak 1 mark goşa dyrnak quotation marks Hatyňda [ýaky:nlaşmak] v to approach, come up şähere dialog görkezeniňde goşa dyrnaga almaly. You ýakynlaşmak to approach the town; ýetmek 5 v must use quotation marks in your letter to to approach, draw near comp. Ol ýetipdir. indicate speech. approached çemleşmek 2 v to be approached, appeal ýüzlenme n appeal, address comp. dealt with ýüzlenme belgisi comp. ýüzlenme sözlemi appropriate degişli 3 adj appropriate, proper, appear emele gelmek1 v to be formed, come into fitting degişli çäreler görmek to take appropriate

existence, to appear; garalmak2 3 v to appear, measures; göwnejaý [göwneja:ý] adj suitable, be visible Uzakda bir zat garalýar. Something proper, appropriate, good, right göwnejaý wagt dark can be seen in the distance. comp. garalyp the right moment, a suitable moment göwnejaý durmak ; görünmek v to appear, show oneself etmek to do someone good (to be), look (like), seem, be visible göze appropriately ýerlikli adv appropriately, görünmek to seem Ol gyz meniň gözüme owdan correctly ýerlikli ulanmak to use something bolup göründi. That girl seemed so beautiful to appropriately me.; häzir bolmak 3 (comp. of häzir) v to approve makullamak [ma:ku:llamak] v to appear, show up; peýda bolmak (comp. of approve (of), confirm, sanction halk bu karary peýda) to appear, come out; ýüz döndermek makullady the people approved of this decree;

(comp. of ýüz2) to appear, arise oňlamak v to approve (of), consider something appearance daş2 1 n appearance, look; pisint n right, accept, agree men onuň gelen hetijesini appearance daş pisindi exterior daş pisindi oňlaýaryň I agree with the decision that he boýunça kesgitlemek to judge by appearances came to comp. il oňlasa atyňy soý ; unamak pisint etmezlik not to pay attention (to), not to [u:namak] v to approve, to agree Mugallym care; supat 1 n appearance, look, face; sypat n okuwçyň beren jogabyny unady. Seniň mekdepden outward appearance jogapsyz gaýdanyňy men unap biljek däl. appetite işdä 1 n appetite işdäňiz açyk bolsun! Ýaşulylar maslahatynda goýylan teklipleri bar Bon appetit!; mäde 2 n appetite mädesi açyk ýaşulylar unadylar. Toý maslahatynda kakam open appetite mädäňe degmek to break one's biziň etmeli işlerimizi unady. approximate barmak1 5 v to approximate, to area watan 2 n area Kaspi deňzi gara işbiliň have almost done something gutaryp barmak to watanny. Ýüpegiň watany Hytaý. be almost finished Biziň işimiz ilerläp barýar. arena arena [a'rena] n arena Our work is heading in a good direction. argue çekeleşmek v to argue (with someone sowlup barmak to pop into somewhere else on about), dispute (with someone over, about) Bu the way comp. Bar, işiňe git! say. meselede olar uzak çekeleşdiler.; dilemek 3 v to Çagyrylmadyk ýeriňe barma, çagyrlan ýeriňden argue, try to buy for Bazarda bir toklyny bäş ýüz galma müň manada diledim, ýöne ylalaşmadyk. In the approximate(ly) takmynan [takmy:nan] adj market I tried to buy a yearling for five approximate(ly), roughly, about thousand Manat, but we could not agree a approximately çemeli 1 post approximately, price. Sygyry iki milliona diledim, dilän about, around Sagat on çemeleri bolupdy. It was bahamada aldym. I argued that I should pay about ten o'clock.; çemesinde post two million for a cow, and got it for that price.; approximately, about, around on adam jedelleşmek 1 v to argue, quarrel, dispute Biz çemesinde about ten people; çen 2 n düýn ýygnakda köp jedelleşip oturdyk. Yesterday approximately çen bilen approximately, at the meeting we sat quarrelling for ages.; roughly; takmyn approximately, roughly, sanaşmak 2 [sa:naşmak] v to argue (with), about; töwerek post approximately, about, wrangle (with); sögüşmek [sö:güşmek] v to around, roughly; umuman 4 [umu:man] argue heatedly, quarrel Men hiç kim bilen conjunction around, approximately Men sögüşmeýärin. I'm not in love with anyone umuman doglan günüme ýigrimi bäş adama argument çekeleşik n argument, dispute, çagyrandyrn. discussion Ol çekeleşige goşulmady.; dawa apricot erik [er:ik] n apricot [da:wa:] n argument, dispute, conflict, row, apricots_dried kişde n dried apricots kişde sermek quarrel Mejlisde hökümet orunlary üçin dawa to dry apricots başlandy. There was a dispute over government places in the congress/Parliament. Men onuň April aprel [ap'rel] n April bilen dawaly. I have quarreled with him. dawa apron öňlük n apron; pinafore etmek to create a disagreement; jedel 1 n Arab arap 1 n Arab (sem. domains: 4.1.2 - Types quarrel, dispute, argument Jedelleşmäň! Don't of people.) quarrel!; tutalga 2 cf: ruçka, syýagalam, Arabia Arabystan n Arabia Saud Arabystan Saudi tutawaç. adv argument, reason; tutaryk Arabia (sem. domains: 9.7.2.1 - Names of [tuta:ryk] n argument, reason; uruş 3 n countries.) argument Serdar bilen Wepaň arasyndaky uruş Arabic arapça n Arabic arapça geplemek speak ýakymsyz sözden başlady. The fight between Arabic (sem. domains: 9.7.2.1 - Names of Serdar and Wepa began with some unpleasant countries.) words. archer kemançy n archer Dawut pygamber ýaş arise döremek v to arise, form, come into being oglan wagty ökde kemançy eken. The prophet Biziň gözümiziň öňünde täze şäher döredi. A new Dawut was good arçher when he was young city is being created before our eyes. Kiçijik boy. odun çöpden uly ýangyn döredi. From a small architect arhitektor [arhi'tektor] n architect stick a big fire is created. Mende bir pikir döredi. architecture arhitektura [arhitek'tura] n A new idea came to me. architecture arithmetic hasap 4 [hasa:p] n arithmetic, barmak1 2 v to arrive at, reach, attain, mathematics comp. hasap-hesip approach Sapaga giç barmak gowy däl. It's bad arm gol2 1 n arm, hand goluňy galdyrmak to raise to turn up late for a lesson. comp. Bar, işiňe git! one's hand comp. gol ýapmak say. Çagyrylmadyk ýeriňe barma, çagyrlan ýeriňden galma ; düşmek 10 cf: düşünmek. v armchair kürsi n armchair kürside oturmak to sit to arrive (of seasons) Gyş düşdi. Winter arrived. on an armchair Tomus düşse çagalara mekdepden jogap berilýär. armed ýaragly adj armed ýaragly güýçler armed When summer comes, children are allowed to forces ýaragly gozgalaň armed revolt/rising stay at home. Ýaz düşdi, tebigat oýanyp başlady. dişine çenli ýaragly armed to the teeth Spring came and nature began to wake up. Armenia Ermenistan [Ermenista:n] n Armenia comp. abraýdan düşmek comp. aşa düşmek (sem. domains: 9.7.2.1 - Names of countries.) comp. aýagy düşmek comp. aýra düşmek comp. Armenian ermeni 1 n Armenian Men ermeni I am başy düşmek comp. çöke düşmek comp. ele an Armenian.; ermeni 2 adj Armenian ermeni düşmek comp. gorka düşmek comp. haldan dili Armenian, the Armenian language (sem. düşmek comp. howsala düşmek comp. jaýyna domains: 4.1.2 - Types of people.) düşmek comp. küýüne düşmek comp. ökjesine armistice barlyşyk 1 n armistice, truce, cease-fire düşmek comp. ruhdan düşmek comp. salkyn armless golak adj armless, without arm düşmek comp. surata düşmek comp. tapdan armoury gorhana [go:rha:na] n armoury, düşmek comp. üstünden düşmek comp. yşka arsenal, ammunition dump düşmek comp. ýada düşmek comp. ýola düşmek comp. ýürege düşmek ; ýetmek 3 v to armpit goltuk n armpit arrive Tomus ýetdi. Summer has arrived. comp. arms gujak 2 n arms Ol ýetipdir. army goşun n army; ýygyn 2 n army, forces, arrogance ulumsylyk n arrogance Kakasynyň troops agyr ýygyn great army {fig} pulyna buýsanyp ulumsylyk edip Mekan hiç haçan aroma hoşboý [hoşbo:ý] n aroma, fragrance, hakyky dostlygyň nämedigini bilmedi. pleasant smell hoşboý ys fragrant smell arrogant ulumsy adj arrogant, conceited, proud aromatic ysly 1 [y:sly] adj aromatic, fragrant, Jeren öz ulymsy häsiýeti bilen bar joralaryny pleasantly smelling ysly alma nice-smelling ýitirdi. Ulymsy adamlar bilen gepleşeňde öziňi hiç apple ysly ot aromatic herb ysly maddalar kim ýaly duýarsyň. aromatic substances art çeperçilik 1 n art çeperçilik akademiýasy; arrange gurmak 2 v to arrange, make , organise, sungat n art build täze durmuş gurmak to build a new life; article madda1 n article, clause, item wadalaşmak [wa:dalaşmak] v to arrange, to konstitusiýanyň birinji maddasy the first clause of make arrangements, to agree, to settle Biz the constitution; makala [maka:la] n article, duşuşyk ýeri barada wadalaşdyk. We agreed on a entry gazet makalasy newspaper article makala meeting-place. Biz duşuşmagy wadalaşdyk. ýazmak to write an article dictionary entry arrange_tuition okatdyrmak 1 cf: okatmak, articulation bogun agyrysy 1 (comp. of bogun) okamak. v to arrange tuition for, get someone rheumatism Ors dilinde iki bogunly sözleri to teach Men oglumy okatdyrýaryn. I have got öwrenmek aňsat bolmady. Şu günki ene dilinde someone to teach my son. geçen temamyz ýapyk bogunlary boldy. arrive atmak 4 v to arrive Ol ýüki ýere atdy. He artificial emeli [emeli:] adj artificial, man-made plunked the things onto the ground. {dawn}; emeli süýüm artificial silk ýeriň emeli hemralary artificial satellites of the Earth emeli suwaryş ask özelenmek v to ask; to beg, entreat özelenip artificial irrigation; ýasama adj artificial, soramak to entreat; soramak [so:ramak] v to synthetic, man-made ýasama bezegler artificial ask decorations asphalt asfalt [as'falt] n tarmac, asphalt asfalt artisan senetçi n artisan, craftsman, düşemek to tarmac, lay asphalt

handicraftsman ass har2 n ass, donkey artist hudožnik cf: suratçy, suratkeş. n artist, assemblage mähelle n assemblage, mob uly painter mähelle crowd; märeke n assemblage, mob Aryans arylar n Aryans agyr märeke assemblage, mob toý märekesi as hökmünde post as (in the capacity of, or assemble üýşmek3 v to gather, to assemble function of) şaýat hökmünde as a witness daşyna üýşmek to surround, to cluster (round); mugallym hökmünde as a teacher; misli ýasamak 1 v to put together, assemble Ol conjunction as, as if, as though misli gül kimin as maşynyň detallaryny stanokda ýasady. He put a flower; ýaly 3 [ýa:ly] post (as)...as goýun ýaly the parts of the car together on the workbench. ýuwaş quiet/meek as a lamb comp. ýelk ýasamak as_far_as_possible mümkingadar assembly ýygyn 1 n assembly, mob, crowd [mümki:ngadar] adj as far as possible Ýetişen assessment derňew 1 n assessment, check, hasyly mümkingadar çalt ýygnamak peýdaly. The inspection, examination, check-up, verification faster the crop ripens the better. assessor oturdaş n assessor halk oturdaşy People's as_it_was öňki-öňkülik adj as it was previously, assessor as it used to be hemme zat öňki-öňkülik assimilate özleşdirmek 1 [ö:zleşdirmek] v to everything is just as it used to be zatlary öňki- master, assimilate, learn ýol hereketiniň öňküligine goý leave it as it was düzgünlerini özleşdirmek to master the highway as_that_moment şol demde (comp. of dem, şol) code geçilen materiallary özleşdirmek to at that moment assimilate material learned as_valuable_as barabar 2 [bara:bar] adj as associate baglanyşdyrmak [ba:glanyşdyrmak] v valuable as, compares to Dokan halyň altyna to associate, connect barabar. A hand-made carpet is like gold. astrakhan garaköl [garakö:l] n astrakhan fur ascertain anyklamak v to make clear, find out, garaköl bagana astrakhan skin/fell; garaköli elucidate, ascertain [garakö:li] adj astrakhan garaköli goýun ash kül n ash çilimiň küli ash of a cigarette comp. astrakhan sheep kül etmek Astrakhan bagana n Astrakhan, fur Ýaşuly Ashgabat Aşgabat n Ashgabat (sem. domains: adamlar bagana telpek geýärler. Old men wear 9.7.2.1 - Names of countries.) Astrakhan hats. Gyşda çopanlary bagana possun, ash-pit körük [kö:rük] n ash-pit (of stove, sowukdan goraýar. During winter Astrakhan furnace) tamdyryň körügi ash-pit of a clay oven coats save shepherds from the cold. [curly (used for baking bread) belanyň körügi lamb's fur] Asia Aziýa ['A:ziýa] n Asia (sem. domains: 4.6.7.1 at *üstünde 3 cf: üst, *üstünden. post at iş

- Country.) üstünde at work; daş2 3 post at, around, near; üst 3 cf: *üstünde, *üstünden. at iş üstünde at Asian aziýaly [a:ziýaly] n an Asian (person) work Bilbil bilen Selbi iş üstünde dawalaşdylar. comp. *üstünden comp. aýak üstünde comp. aýak üstüne galmak comp. baş üstüne comp. attack çozmak 1 v to attack, assault, raid Duşman üsti açylmak comp. üsti açylmak (Dildüwşügiň iki tarapdan çozýardy. The enemy was attacking

üsti açyldy.) comp. üsti bilen comp. üstünden from both sides.; daramak1 [da:ramak] v to arz etmek comp. üstünden düşmek comp. attack, assault Goýunlara gurt darapdyr. Ol bize üstünden düşmek (tankytlamak) comp. örän ýozuw darady. He verbally assaulted us.; üstünden sowuk suw guýlan ýaly bolmak comp. eňmek 3 v to attack garşydaşlaryň üstüne eňmek üstünden sowuk suw guýlan ýaly bolmak (aşa to attack your opponents; hüjüm n attack, geň galmak, aljyramak) comp. üstüne comp. offensive, assault, raid hüjüme geçmek to go on üstüne almak (Ol ähli jogapkärçiligi öz üstüne the offensive hüjüm etmek to attack, to assault, aldy.) comp. üstüne çişmek (birine gygyrmak) to raid; topulmak 2 v to attack someone Kabyl comp. üstüni açmak comp. üstüni basyrmak Habylyň üstünde topuldy Cain attacked Abel; (hamyryň üstüni basyrmak) comp. üstüni zabt etmek (comp. of zabt) to storm, to ýapmak comp. üstüni ýapmak (jenaýatyň assault, to attack; zabt n attack comp. zabt üstüni ýapmak) comp. üstüni ýetirmek etmek at_all asla [asla:] adv at all Men asla beýle söz attempt kast 2 n attempt (on someone's life) diýmedim. I didn't say that word at all.; teý 2 n biriniň janyna kast etmek to make an attempt at all upon someone's life; milt n attempt, endeavour at_centre ortasynda (comp. of orta) in the milt etmek to attempt, make an attempt, try; middle (of), in the centre (of) synanmak [sy:nanmak] v to try, attempt; synanyşyk n attempt at_first owal-başdan adj at first, at the beginning attend gatnaşmak 3 v to attend saýlawa at_full_speed aldygyna adv quickly, at full speed gatnaşmak to attend to the election Yýgnaga aldygyna gitmek to go at full speed obanyň ähly ýaşaýjylary gatnaşdy. All at_least pesinden adv at least pesinden on adam at inhabitants attended to the meeting. ýaryşa least ten people gatnaşmak to take part in a competition. at_once badyna 1 [ba:dyna] cf: batmak. prep at attendance gelim-gidim n attendance, coming once, as soon as Mamam tansyň badyna oýnap and going gelim-gidimi bolmadyk öý a house to aýak agyrsy ýadyna düşmedi. As soon as she where nobody comes gelim-gidim etmek to keep started dancing, my maternal grandma forgot with someone her leg ache. Deňiziň gyrasynda uly şemalyň attention pitiwa [pitiwa:] n attention pitiwa badyna durup bolar ýaly däldi. At the sea-shore etmezlik not to pay attention (to); üns n as soon as the strong wind got up it wasn't attention, care comp. üns bermek comp. üns possible to stand. bilen comp. üns merkezinde bolmak comp. at_this munda Pronoun from fv:bu ünsden düşürmek (ýatdan çykarmak) comp. atheist dinsiz 1 [di:nsiz] n atheist ünsüni çekmek comp. ünsüňi jemlemek (bir athlete türgen 2 cf: sportçy. n athlete meselä ünsüňi jemlemek) atmosphere ýagdaý 6 n atmosphere, attentive üşük 1 adj attentive environment Duşuşyk dostlukly ýagdaýda geçdi. attentively dykgatly adv attentively, intently The meeting has passed in a friendly dykgatly seretmek to watch something closely; atmosphere. içgin [içgi:n] adv attentively, carefully, deeply, atom atom ['atom] n atom atom agramy atomic greatly içgin gyzyklanmak to be very much weight atom tok stansiýasy nuclear power interested (in) station attentiveness üşük 2 n attentiveness Onda hiç domination, empire, sway, rule, reign höküm üşük ýok. üşügiň bolsa, üme düşün sürmek to reign, rule; dominate; ygtyýar 1 attractive gelşikli 1 adj good-looking, attractive; [ygtyýa:r] n authority {having the right to}; beautiful, pretty, (e.g. woman); handsome (e.g. ygtyýarlylyk 1 [ygtyýa:rlylyk] n authority, man) gelşigine gelmek to become beautiful sovereignty Ol ruhy älemine ygtyýarlylyk etjek gelşikli geýinmek to wear attractive bolup synanyşdy, emma başarmady. He tried to have authority over the spiritual world, but he attribute aýyrgyç n attribute {grammar} couldn't. aubergine badamjan [ba:damja:n] n aubergine, automatic awtomatik adj automatic awtomatik egg-plant aragatnaşyk merkezi automatic communications auction auksion [auk'sion] n auction centre [i.e. you don't have to ask someone to audio audio n audio make the call for you and pay up front for it] August awgust ['awgust] n August automation awtomaşyn [awtomaşy:n] cf: aunt daýza n aunt (maternal); eje 2 n aunt (used awtoulag. n automation, auto-mobile, motor- like a title) Gözel eje aunt fv:Gözel Bibi eje Bibi car mother ejem ogly son of mother autonomous awtonom [awto'nom] adj aura agyl 2 [a:gyl] n lunar aura Men aýyň autonomous awtonom welaýat autonomous agyllanyny gördüm. I saw the moon's aura. region Australia Awstraliýa n Australia (sem. domains: autonomy özygtyýarlylyk [ö:zygtyýa:rlylyk] cf: 9.7.2.1 - Names of countries.) özbaşdaklyk. n autonomy Austria Awstriýa n Austria (sem. domains: autumn güýz n autumn 9.7.2.1 - Names of countries.) available nagt 1 adj available, on hand nagt pul author awtor ['awtor] cf: ýazyjy. n author Bu average ortaça adj average, on average; roughly romanyň awtory Berdi Kerbabaýew. The author ortaça iş haky average wage, average earnings; of this novel is Berdy Kerbabajev. ýönekeý 2 [ýö:nekeý] adj average, ordinary, authorised ygtyýarly [ygtyýa:rly] adj authorised modest ýönekeý adam modest person ýönekeý doly ygtyýarly wekil a fully-authorised bir waka common tale, everyday occurrence representitive avoid dynmak 1 [dy:nmak] v to avoid, deliver, authoritative abraýly 2 [a:braýly] adj save, get rid of, shake off, dispose of, throw authoritative Abraýly alymyň sözi ynandyryjy away beladan dynmak to avoid trouble keselden bolýar. An authoritative scientist's words are dynmak to shake off an illness Ýanyp başlan ody trustworthy.; ýüzli adj authoritative, respected wagtynda öçürip beladan dyndyk. We avoided authority garamak1 n authority, disposal trouble by extinguishing the fire. Mamam garamagynda bolmak to be at one's disposal, be keselden dyndy indi ýagdaýy gowy. My under the authority (of) garamagyna bermek to grandmother has shaken off her illness and give someone authority (over) Tutuş maşgala bir feels better now.; gaçmak 4 v to avoid ýaramaz onuň garamagynda. The whole family is only at gürrüňlerden gaçmak to avoid gossip comp. his disposal Meniň garamagymda on adam bar. gaharyň gaçmak comp. gany gaçmak comp. There are ten people in my authority hökümetiň keýpiň gaçmak comp. ukyň gaçmak comp. garamagyndaky edara fabric is under the ysgyndan gaçmak authority of country garamagyna bermek to give awake oýa adj awake, not asleep ol oýa he is not for smbd`s disposal; häkimiýet n authority, asleep power, rule; höküm 3 n power, authority, award diplom 2 [di'plom] n award, certificate axe palta n axe palta sapy axe-handle palta bilen sergide diplom alan harytlar goods which won an çapmak to chop with an axe comp. biriniň award at the exibition. Sergide diplom alan aýagyndan palta salmak

suratlar we şekiller görkezildi. At the exibition axis ok1 1 n axis Ýeriň oky the equatorial axis; the paintings and shapes were shown which axis of the Equator, terrestrial axis Ýer öz won an award. okunyň daşyndan aýlanýar. The Earth rotates on Sportsmene dünýa çempiony diplomyny its axis. gowşurdylar. The sportsman was given an award axle ok1 2 n axle, spindle okly haraz bilen bilelikde as world champion. hem işläp bilýär. It can work together with an awkward bijaý1 3 [bi:ja:ý] adj awkward, difficult axled mill. Maşynymy bijaý ýerde goýdum, beýleki maşynlara azan azan [aza:n] n call to prayer {Islam} geçmäge päsgel berip dur. I parked my car in an Azerbaijan Azerbaýjan [A:zerbaýja:n] n awkward place - it's in the way of other cars. Azerbaijan Azerbaýjan dili Azerbaijani, Azeri Sen meni bijaý ýagdaýda goýduň, enem-atamyň (sem. domains: 9.7.2.1 - Names of countries.) ýanynda ýalançy etdiň. You've put me in a Azerbaijani Azerbaýjanly [a:zerbaýja:nly] n difficult position by making me look a liar to Azerbaijani, Azeri (sem. domains: 3.5.3 - my parents. Language.)

B b

B.C.E. b.e. öň (eýýam) B.C.E. - Before the bachelor öýlenmedik cf: durmuş, durmuşa common era; B.C. - Before Christ Bu wakalar çykan, durmuş gurmak, öýlendirmek, biziň eýýamymyzdan öň III asyrda bolup geçdi. öýlenen, öýlenmek. adj bachelor, single man; These events occurred in the 3rd century BC. sallah n bachelor, unmarried man, single köne Baba baba 4 [ba:ba] n Baba Taşkentde Lenin sallah old bachelor sallah durmuşy bachelor life, babamyz özbege, Aşgabatda türkmene, Alma- life as a single Atada gazaga meňzärdi. In Tashkent our back arka 1 post back, behind arkam agyrýar back grandfather Lenin was similar to an Uzbek, in pain arkaňda götermek to carry (a child or Ashgabat to the Turkmen, in Almaty as a Kazak things) on one's back comp. arkasyndan Lenin. [honorific title, esp. for saints] gürrüňini etmek ; art [a:rt] adj back, rear art baby bäbek n baby, small baby Türkmenlerde aýak hind leg; bil 2 [bi:l] n back Taýyp bäbek kyrk çileden çykmaka azan okaýarlar. ýykylamda bilimi agyrtdym. When I slipped and Before a baby goes out after his forty days they fell over I hurt my back. biliň agyrmak for one name the baby. [Turkmen don't show the baby to have (lower) back pain comp. bil baglamak to others for forty days. The baby is kept at comp. bil bükmek comp. bil ýazmak comp. bili home. Before the baby goes out someone gelmek/açylmak say. Dil bilen orak orsaň, bil names the baby by saying 'your name is ....' 3 agyrmaz ; egin 2 n back Onuň egninde gyrmyzy times.] say. Akja bäbek bahana köýnegi bar. He wore a scarlet shirt on his back. baby_camel ogşuk n baby camel, young of a comp. bir egne comp. egin bermek comp. egin camel egne kakmak comp. egin-egne bermek comp. egine atmak comp. egniň bilen çekmek comp. egniňden gum sowur comp. egniňi gysmak/ him ýygyrmak ; gaýtam [gaýta:m] cf: gaýta. bag kise 2 [ki:se] n bag {colloq}; paket [pa'kýet] conjunction back, away {colloq}; yzky [y:zky] n bag {paper or plastic}; sumka ['sumka] cf: adj back, rear yzky tigir rear wheel yzky aýaklar ýanbukja, torba. n bag, carrier bag, plastic hind legs yzky tarap back part/side, rear bag; torba 2 [to:rba] n bag, sack [for putting part/side yzky hatar back row; ýagyrny n back, reins, horse-blanket, etc. into] shoulder; zut [zu:t] looking back zut gitmek to Bagtiyar bagtyýar 2 [bagtyýa:r] adj Bagtiyar go without looking back zut gaçmak to run [boy's name] without turning one's head Bahar bahar 2 cf: ýazdyrmak1, ýazmak3. adj back(wards) ýeňse 2 adj rear; back ýeňseleýin Bahar Baharda godylýan gyzlaryň adyna Bahar ýöräp walking backwards diýip dakylýar. Girls born in the Spring are background asyl1 1 n ethnic origin, background often named Bahar. [girl's name] Seniň aslyň kim? What is your ethnic origin? balance balans [ba'lans] cf: deň agramlylyk. n backward galak [ga:lak] adj backwards, balance Her ýylyň ahyryna balans hasabatyny underdeveloped galak ýurt backward country tabşyrmaly. Each year the accounts have to be backwards ters adv the wrong way round, upside reported on. {finances}; deň agramlylyk cf: down, back-to-front sen sagady ters dakdyň balans. (comp. of deň) n balance, equilibrium; you've set your watch upside down terezi n balance, weighing scales bad erbet 1 adj bad, poorly erbet yssy howa bad bald kel 2 adj bald, hairless kel-kelleli bald-headed hot weather Ol iňlis dilini erbet bilýär. He knows Daşary ýurtlarda kellige garşy derman English poorly. özüňi erbet duýmak to feel bad; tapypdyrlar. Apparently in foreign countries a pis 1 [pi:s] adj bad, wicked, nasty, ill-natured, cure for baldness has been discovered.; takyr 1 ill-tempered; base, mean pis adam bad/wicked adj bald, hairless man Ýüregi ýaman,päli azan,niýeti erbet,özem baldness kellik n baldness Kellige garşy derman deýus adama pis adam diýilýar. Ýaş wagtymyz oýlap tapypdyrlar. They invented a medecine to jigim bilen dawalaşsak sen ‘ýaman pis’ diýip, cure baldness. menden öýkede bolýardy.; zyýanly 2 [zyýa:nly] ball bal2 4 [ba:l] n ball (dance) Täze ýyl baly New adj bad Year's ball; gol1 n ball; pökgi n ball pökgi bad_language agzy hapa (comp. of agyz) uses oýnamak to play a ball pökgi zynmak to throw a bad language ball; top 1 n ball bad_to_worse örç n bad_to_worse örç almak to balloon şar [şa:r] n balloon şar şekilli Ýer şary become stronger, intensify, gain strength, grow bilýard şary billiard ball louder ýel barha örç alýardy the wind was banana banan [ba'nan] n banana Maýmynlaryň becoming stronger and stronger örç bolmak to halaýan zady banan. Monkies like bananas. be on bad terms (with), not to get on olar biri- bandage sarag 1 cf: sargy. n bandage, fillet, biri bilen örç they don't get on band; saramak 2 v to bandage, dress; heal badly bijaý1 6 [bi:ja:ý] adv badly poorly, ýarany saramak to dress the wound improperly Maşyny bijaý sürüp, awariýa düşdi. bandit talaňçy robber, bandit, raider He drove badly and had an accident. bang park2 n bang park etmek to bang; patlatmak badness pislik [pi:slik] n badness, wickedness; v to bang, hit, strike, knock, give a knock stoly baseness, meanness ondan her hili pislik çykar ýumrugyň bilen patladyp urmak to bang one's fist one can expect all kinds of dirty tricks from on the table, pound the table; şarkyldatmak v to bang, slam barren miwesiz [mi:wesiz] adj barren, sterile; bank bank n bank Bankda puly saklamak ynamdar infertile miwesiz agaçlar barren trees, trees bolýar. Putting money in the bank is a bearing no fruit; önelgesiz [ö:nelgesiz] adj trustworthy thing to do. {finance}; boý 2 n barren, infertile bank, shore Ýabyň boýynda tal agaçlar ösýar. bars gözenek n bars, grating, lattice demir Türkmen başy şäherine dynç almaga gidemde gözenek iron bars comp. gözenegiň aňyrsyna derýaniň boýyndaky jaýda ýaşadyk. comp. ömür salmak boýy comp. ýyl boýy ; raýyş [ra:ýyş] n bank of barter alyş-çalyş n barter, exchange alyş-çalyş an irrigation channel kanalyň raýyşy canal bank etmek exchange; alyşmak 1 v to barter Biz barber dellekçi n barber, hair-dresser, beautician türkler bilen haryt alyşýarys. We barter goods barbershop dellekhana [dellekha:na] n with some Turks. barbershop, hair-dressers, beauty salon base baza 1 [ba:za] n base, area pagta baza cotton bard bagşy n folk-singer, bard Meniň gyzymyň collection area; düýp 1 cf: fundament, esas. n bagşy bolasy gelýär. My daughter wants to be a base, bottom, deepest part deňziň düýbi the folk-singer. Türkmenistanda zehinli bagşylar bar. bottom of the sea Deňiziň düýbi çüň hem ajaýyp. Turkmenistan has talented folk-singers. The bottom of the sea is a long way down and wonderful. Köne guýynyň düýbi gurapdyr. The bare ýalaňaç 1 adj bare, naked, nude, undressed bottom of the old well was dried out. çelegiň aýak ýalaňaç barefoot ýarym ýalaňaç half- düýbi the bottom of the bucket gazanyň düýbi dressed; ýalazy adj bare, treeless, barren the bottom of the pot Serhoş çüýşäň düýbüni ýalazy sähra naked steppe görmän turmady. The drunk did not stop barely çala 1 adv barely, scarcely Onuň çala jany drinking until he finished the bottle. düýpde bar. He is barely alive.; ýaňy 3 cf: ýaňyja. adv oturmak to sit on the bottom meseläniň düýbüne barely, hardly, just, only just Oglum Sergeyiň şol ýetmek get to the bottom of problem Gadyrly wagt ýaňy 18 ýaşy bardy. At that time my son myhmanyň ýeri otagyň düýbünde. The place for a Sergei was barely 18 years old. polite guest is at the back of the room. comp. bark gabyk 2 [ga:byk] n bark agajyň gabygy bark; düýbüne ýetmek comp. düýbüni tutmak comp. hawlamak v to bark (of dogs); üýrmek 1 v to düýp tutmak ; esas 1 [esa:s] cf: fundament, bark Itler üýrýär. Dogs bark. Üýrýän itler düýp. n base, frame(work), foundation comp. dişlemeýäler. {dogs} say. It üýrer, kerwen geçer esasyny goýmak ; esaslanmak [esa:slanmak] v comp. Üýrýän itler dişlemeýäler. to base one's arguments/theories, take up one's barley arpa n barley stand barn ammar 1 n barn Galla we kartoşka aýry-aýry basement podwal cf: ýerzemin. n basement, ammarda saklanýar. Grain and potatoes are vault, cellar podwalda saklamak to store stored in different barns.; saraý 2 n barn; something in the cellar; ýerzemin cf: podwal. ýatak2 n barn, shed, stable mal ýatagy shed for basement, vault, cellar livestock sygyr ýatagy cowshed at ýatagy stable baseness peslik 3 n baseness, meanness peslik goýun ýatagy sheepfold, sheep pen it ýatagy etmek to act meanly, act in a mean way {fig} kennel basil reýhan [reýha:n] n basil barrel barrel ölçegi (comp. of ölçeg) barrel (of basin legen n basin, wash-tub men legene suw oil); çelek n barrel, cask; bucket; nil [ni:l] n guýdum. I poured water into a basin. barrel tüpeňiň nili barrel of a gun topuň nili goşa nilli ýeke nil basis esas 2 [esa:s] cf: fundament, düýp. n bilgin. v to be able, can Men özüm edip bilýärin. basis, reason, grounds Näme esasda? On what I can do that myself. Dostumyň adresini ahyr grounds? hiç hili esassyz without any grounds tapyp bildim. In the end I was able to find out Saglyk – ýaşaýşyň esasydyr. Health is the main my friend's address. Men türkmen haly dokap of life. Matematika – takyk bilimleriň esasy. bilýärin. I can weave Turkmen rugs. Men Maths is the basis of concrete knowledge. Ony palawy oňat hem süýji bişirip bilýärin. I can cook tussag etmäge esas bar. There is reason for to tasty pilau. ýazyp bilmek to be able to write, be arrest him. comp. esasyny goýmak literate comp. bilip goýmak basket sebet n wicker basket be_added goşulmak 1 v to be added Süýde suw bath wanna 1 ['wanna] n bath eda ýuwunmak gün goşulypdyr. Water is added to milk. Sözlüge näçe wannasy söz goşuldy? How many words are added to the dictionary? bathhouse hammam [hamma:m] n bathhouse, baths, public baths be_amazed diň gökden gelmek (comp. of diň) v be totally amazed Sen diň gökden gelenä dälsiň, bathroom wanna 2 ['wanna] n bathroom bu zatlary bilmeýän bolsaň? Were you not totally wannada yra anyp dur. surprised if you did not know these things? Or battery batareýa n battery Sagadyň batareýasy have you come from another planet? çökenligi sebäpli, işe gijä galdym. I was late for be_angry gany gaçmak 3 (comp. of gaçmak, work because the clock's battery had gone flat. gan) to be angry; zemzen ýaly çişmek (comp. Babam uruşda artilleriýa batareýasynda söweşdi. of zemzen) to be very angry My (maternal) grandfather fought in the artillery battery. be_annoyed zehiniňi ýakmak (comp. of zehin) to be annoyed (with) battle jeň n battle, fight, war jeň meýdany battlefield Duşmanlar biziň üstümize çozup, uly be_arrested aýagyňy sallap gitmek (comp. of jeň gurupdyrlar. The enemy attacked us sallamak) to be taken to prison, be arrested resulting in a big battle.; söweş n battle, fight be_ashamed utanmak 3 v to be ashamed Maral Batyr batyr 2 [ba:tyr] adj Batyr Türkmenlerde tansda ters eden hereketinden utandy. Biheppäni ogyl bolanda, köplenç Batyr diýip at dakýarlar. utandyrjak bolyp aýdan sözleniňe, utanjagam When a boy is born Turkmen people often give bolanok. Batyryň kakasy arakhordygy sebäpli, ol them the name fi:Batyr. dostlaryndan utanýardy. bay aýlag [a:ýlag] n bay, cove, creek; gulf be_at_loss akylyň çaşmak (comp. of akyl) to be at a loss about what to do be bolmak 1 v to be bolmazlyk absence ýok bolmazlyk iki bolup together, two-of- be_aware bilip goýmak (comp. of bilmek) to be us/you/them Ol Angliýada boldy. S/he was in aware, keep in mind, to remember, know Bilip England (for a while). comp. Boldy! comp. goý şu gün sapagyňy etmeseň, ertir seýil bagyna Boljak! comp. bolmajysy bolmak comp. Bolýar! gideňok. Know this, if you don't do today's comp. Indi boldy! lesson you won't be going to the park. be_a_copy agyn 2 adj to resemble exactly Oglan be_bankrupt tozmak 2 to be bankrupt agyn atasy bolaýypdyr. The son is exactly like be_baptised çokunmak 1 v be baptised his father. be_beaten gamçy iýmek (comp. of iýmek) to be be_able başarmak modal v to be able, be capable beaten with a whip; ýykylmak 2 v to be beaten of Başarmajak işiňe başlama. Don't try to do göreşde ýykylmak to be beaten in wrestling what you are not capable of.; bilmek 5 cf: comp. aýagyna ýykylmak comp. gülüp, kese ýykylmak be_connected badaşmak [ba:daşmak] confer: be_born bolmak 2 v to be born Oňa ogul boldy. bagryň badaşmak. v to be connected comp. He/they had a son. comp. Boldy! comp. Boljak! bagryň badaşmak comp. bolmajysy bolmak comp. Bolýar! comp. be_conquered basylmak v to be conquered Indi boldy! ; önmek 1 [ö:nmek] v to be born Stalingrad söweşinde faşist goşynlary ruslardan özüňden önen çaga one's own child basyldylar. In the battle of Stalingrad the fascist be_broken bozulmak 1 v to be broken Gidip army was conquered by the Russians. barýan maşynymyzyň nämedir bir zady bozulyp be_cooked bişmek 1 v to be cooked, be prepared ýolda döwildi. The car has broken down. bişen biş boiled egg comp. agzyň bişmek Radionyň antenasy gowy işlemnsoň zol sesler be_corrupted zaýalanmak 4 [za:ýalanmak] v to üzlüm-saplym bolyp gelýar. be corrupted, get into a bad state be_brought_up terbiýelenmek to be brought up be_defeated ýeňilmek to be defeated be_burnt ot almak 1 (comp. of ot2, ot3) to be be_defined kesgitlenmek v to be defined, be burnt, destroyed by fire determined Lukmanlar bu hassanyň keselini anyk be_caught tutulmak v to be caught kesgitläp bilenoklar. The doctors can not define be_checked barlanmak [ba:rlanmak] v to be diagnose of this sick person concretely. checked, tested be_destroyed ýumrulmak v to be destroyed, be be_chosen bellenmek [bel:enmek] v to be demolished, be broken down ýertitreme appointed, chosen Toý bellenen güni boldy. The netijesinde bütin jaýlar ýumruldy because of day appointed as wedding day arrived. Ol earthquake all the buildings has been destroyed wezipe bellenmek bilen özüni tanatdy. After he be_devastated bozulmak 2 v to go to pieces, be had been appointed to a high position he devastated Joramyň söýän oglany öýlenýndigini changed (to a bad person).; saýlanmak v to be eşidip, joram erbet bozyldy. Jigimiň chosen; saýlanylmak v be chosen, picked out, ekzamenlerden ýykylanlygyny eşidip erbet taken saýlanylan çakyr selected wine bozuldym. Mamam garrany bäpi begençli habar be_cold doňmak 3 v to freeze, feel cold eşitsede bozylýar. Ýollar bozulypdyr. Radio Sowukdan ýaňa ellerim doňdy. My hands have bozuldy. Göwnüm bozuldy. {emotions} frozen from the cold. Men sowukdan ýaňa be_different tapawutlanmak [tapa:wutlanmak] doňdum. I have frozen from cold. Maşynyň ýagy v to be different from one another Olar biri - doňupdyr. The oil of car has frozen. Gyşa alyp birinden gaty tapawutlanýarlar. They are very goýan ary balymyz doňupdyr. Honey which we different from each other. kept for winter has frozen. Ýag doňmaz ýaly be_difficult atalamak v to be difficult, behave ýyly ýerde goýmaly. The oil should be put in obtrusively warm place in order not to be frozen. Ol bizi be_dislocated çykmak 8 v to be dislocated Onuň görenden doňup galdy. He froze when he saw us. eli çykdy. His arm was dislocated. ýatdan Gorkymdan ýaňa doňup galypdyrn. I froze çykmak to forget barlap çykmak to check garşy because of frighten. çykmak to turn against (someone) ýüze çykmak be_concerned tolgunmak 3 v to feel concern for, to arise okap çykmak to read through oturyp be concerned about çykmak sandan çykmak ýokarky gata çykmak be_conditional bitirmek 2 v to be conditional suwuň ýüzüne çykmak Ol durmuşa çykdy. She got (on) married Onuň eli işden çykdy. topardan çykmak üstün çykmak to come out on top comp. aradan çykan bolup çykmak comp. ýatdan çykmak çagalykdaky arzuwy hasyl boldy. His childhood be_dismissed çykarylmak 3 cf: çykarmak2. v to dream has come true. be dismissed, be fired be_full aňryňa il gonmak (comp. of aňry) to be be_done edilmek v to be done, be made full be_driven gabalmak 2 [ga:balmak] v to be be_given berilmek 1 v to be given Bu jaý driven, be rounded up Sygyrlar agyla gabaldy. kitaphana berildi. This building was given to be The cows were driven into the shed.; a libary. comp. Berildigi bolsun! kowulmak 3 v to be driven (through, into) be_given_drink içirilmek v to be given smth to sygyrlar meýdana kowuldy the cows were driven drink Oňa suw içirildi. A drink of water was into the field given to him. be_enough ýetmek 1 v to be enough, sufficient be_given_raise ulaltmak 3 v to be given a raise Ýetenokdy. It was insufficient. comp. Ol Işgär öz isini ökde alyp barsa wezipesini ýetipdir. ulaltýarlar. {at work} comp. sözi ulaltmak be_excited tolgunmak 1 v to be excited, worried be_gloomy garalmak2 4 v to be gloomy, be be_extracted çykarylmak 6 cf: çykarmak2. v to overcast Asman garalýar. The sky is darkening. be extracted, be mined comp. garalyp durmak be_fed iýmitlenmek v to be fed, to be nourished, be_gossiped_about agza düşmek (comp. of agyz) to be eaten gowy iýmitlenmek to eat well, to be to be gossiped about Ol iliň agzyna düşdi. She well fed güýçli iýmitlenmek to have high-caloric became the object of gossip. diet; naharlanmak 1 v to be fed wagtly- be_happy baş asmana ýetmek (comp. of baş) to wagtynda naharlanmak to be fed on time be very happy {animals} be_harvested orulmak v to be cut, be mowed, be be_filled çişmek 2 [çi:şmek] v to be filled, be reaped, be harvested ot oruldy the grass was pumped up, be inflated Pökgi çişdi. The ball is mowed bugdaý oruldy the wheat was harvested inflated. be_horrified otly köýnek geýmek 1 (comp. of be_fired boşamak 2 v to be dismissed, be let go, köýnek, otly3) to be horrified Täze terror akty be fired, be sacked, be moved on Aýal doganym adamlara otly köýnek geýdirdi. The recent act of durmuşa çykyp gidende öýiň içi boşap galan ýaly terror paralyzed people with fear. boldy. Eliň boş bolsa maňa kömek et.; kowulmak be_ill kesellemek v to be/become ill Meniň 2 v to be fired, to be sacked, to be expelled dostum agyr kesel ýatyr. My friend is really ill.; be_forgotten unudylmak v to be forgotten Ikinji ulaşmak 3 v to be chronically ill, to be Jahan uruşy hiç wagt unudylmaz. terminally ill Mamam süýjülik keseline ulaşyp, be_freed boşamak 1 v to get untied, be freed Şu uzak wagtlap ýaraman ýatdy. Meniň daýym rak gün işimiň känligi sebäpli, işdengiç boşadym. keseline ulaşyp, ýone operasiýa etmeli däl sebäpli Bedreler boşan bolsa suwdan doldurmaly. ýogaldy. Men artrit keseline ulaşdym, lukmanam şol keselden doly gutulma ýok diýdi, ýone be_friends_with ýanaşmak 2 [ýa:naşmak] v to be wagtlaýyn bejergi. comp. Toýuň toýa ulaşsyn! friends with Ol ýanaşjak adamsyny bilip ýanaşar. (arzuw, tost) He knows how to make friends with people. be_in_chaos agdar-düňder bolmak (comp. of be_fulfilled amala aşmak (comp. of amal) to be agdar-düňder) to be in chaos Heläkçilikden fulfilled, to be accomplished, to be carried out; soň, otlynyň içi agdar-düňder boldy. After the hasyl bolmak (comp. of hasyl) v to be accident, the inside of the train was in chaos. fulfilled, to come true, come to fruition, Onuň be_in_time ýetişmek 1 v to be in time to, manage be_nationalised millileşmek cf: millileşdirmek. to be_nationalised be_in_two_minds ikirjiňlemek cf: be_nervous tolgunmak 2 v to be nervous ikirjiňlenmek. v to waiver, to be in two minds be_obvious bildirmek 2 v to be obvious Onuň ikirjiňlemän aýtmak to tell without hesitation tolgunýandygy bildirýärdi. He was obviously be_infected ýokmak 2 v to be infected (with), get worried. Meniň işden ýadaw gelenligim ýüzümden the infection from somebody grip ýokmak to bildirdi. My face showed that I had come home catch the influenza/'flu comp. It gargyşy gurda tired from work. ýokmaz be_offended kemsidilmek v to be offended, be be_intended niýetlenmek v to be intended, be hurt, humilate Bu gyzjagazyň ejesi ýokdugy üçin planned kemsidilýär. This little girl is offended because be_ironed ütüklenmek v to be ironed, to be of she does not have a mother.; öýkelemek cf: pressed ütüklenen köýnek ütüklenmedik köýnek öýkeleşmek, öýkeletmek. v to take offence (at), to feel hurt (by) Ol dostundan öýkeledi. He be_issued çykarylmak 7 cf: çykarmak2. v to be took offence at his friend. issued, be pronounced be_opened açylmak 1 v to be opened aýna be_justified aklanmak 2 [a:klanmak] v to be açylypdyr it seems that the window has been justified, vindicated, be put right (with) opened Jezasyny çeken adam aklanýar. To vindicate someone who has been in prison.; ýuwulmak 2 be_ordered tabşyrylmak to be ordered v to be justified be_overturned agdarylmak 3 [a:gdarylmak] v to be_kept saklanmak 1 v to be kept gyşa saklanmak be overturned Milletçiler häkimiýetden to be kept for winter arassa saklanmak to be agdaryldy. The nationalists have been kept in order overturned by the government. be_kept_back saklanmak 3 v to be kept back, be be_paid berilmek 2 v to be paid Aýlyk berildi. The hold saklanan pul money kept aragatnaşyk salary was paid. comp. Berildigi bolsun! saklanmak to hold relations/ties be_placed ýerleşdirilmek v to be placed be_known bilinmek v to be known be_plunged_into batmak 4 cf: badyna. v to be be_lame agsamak 1 v be_lame Ol aýagy döwleli plunged into, be absorbed in, be immersed in bäri agsaýar. He's had a limp since he became Guwanç täze maşyn alyp bergä batdy. Guwanch lame. comp. iş agsaýar bought a new car and was immersed in debt. be_lucky aýaga düşmek (comp. of aýak) to be be_produced öndürilmek [ö:ndürilmek] v to be lucky; bagty daş ýarmak (comp. of ýarmak) produced, be manufactured Bu ýerde dürli

to have luck with, be lucky; paşmak2 v to be önümler öndürilýär. Different kinds of products lucky onuňky paşdy he was lucky meniňki are produced here. paşmady I have no luck be_provided üpjünlenmek cf: üpjünlemek. v to be_married_off çykarylmak 8 cf: çykarmak2. v be provided (with), be supplied (with) gowy to be married off Nebit guýulardan çykarylýardy. üpjünlenmek to be well provided (with, for)

daşara çykarylmadyk çaga önüm çykarylmak be_published çykarylmak 5 cf: çykarmak2. v to be_modest utanmak 2 v to be modest Selbi ýygry be published, be printed bolanlygy sebäpli kelte ýeňsiz köýnek geýmäge be_purified tämizlenmek v to be cleansed, be utanýar. purified be_put_away ýerleşmek 6 v to be put away be_solved çözülmek 2 v to be solved, be decided Oýunjaklar ýerleşmeli. The toys need to be put Mesele ahyry çözüldi. The problem was solved at away. last. be_put_up ýerleşmek 3 v to be put up Myhmalar be_split böleklenmek 1 [bö:leklenmek] v (note) bizde ýerleşdi The guests were put up at our to be split Bir partiýa böleklendi. {money} place. be_stolen ogurlanmak 1 v to be stolen Maşyn be_read okalmak v to be read okalan kitabym a ogurlanypdyr! The car has been stolen! book I've read be_strengthened pugtalanmak 1 cf: be_recognised tanalmak v to be recognised pugtalandyrmak. v to be strengthened, be_reconciled barlyşmak 1 v to be reconciled Ol be/become consolidated, gain strength başy boş aýal bilen barlyşdy. He was reconciled be_struck Bir okda iki ördek uruldy. (comp. of with his empty-headed wife. urulmak) to be struck Gije on ikide on iki gezek be_said aýdylmak cf: aýtmak. v to be said, be sagat urulanda Zoluşkaň bar jadysy açylýar. Sen pronounced bir okda iki towşany urjak bolma, ilki bir işiňi et, soňra beýlekisini. Merdan ördegi aparyp urup ýere be_salianised şorlamak to be salianised gaçyrdy. Başka şähere göçemizde öý goşlarymyz be_saved gutulmak 3 v to be saved, escape Ol uly maşyna uruldy. zordan gaçyp gutuldy. He had a narrow escape. be_tainted zaýalanmak 2 [za:ýalanmak] v to be howpdan gutulmak to be saved from danger tainted {ritual cleansing} be_scolded sögünmek [sö:günmek] v to be be_taken_off çykarylmak 2 cf: çykarmak . v to scolded, get told off, be abused (verbally) 2 be taken off, be put off be_sealed ýelmeşmek to be stuck down, sealed

be_taken_out çykarylmak 1 cf: çykarmak2. v to be_separated aýra düşmek (comp. of düşmek) be taken out to be separated, fall away from Meňli öz be_taught öwredilmek v to be taught, be trained; ýaryndan aýra düşdi to be instigated, be incited oňa bu işi nähili be_short eli gysgalyk (comp. of el) to be short in etmelidigi öwredilipdir he was instigated how to financial terms Daýyň eli şu wagt gysgalyk edýär, do this work, he was trained how to do this ýogsa ýegenine gowy sowgat ederdi. Your uncle is work in low income, otherwise he would give good be_there bar 2 [ba:r] modal v to be (there) Şemşat present to his cousin. barmy? Ýök, ol dukana gitdi. Is Shemshad there? be_shy utanmak 1 v to be shy Mähri No, she went to the shop. Gözleýän kitabym, klasdaşlarynyň arasynda pianino çalmaga kitaphanada bar bolsa gerek. If the book I'm utansada, olaryň haýyştlaryny ýerine ýetirdi. looking for is there in the book shop, I need it. be_silent agzyna suw alan ýaly (comp. of agyz) comp. Arma(ň)! Bar bol(uň)! comp. bar bolmak to be silent when one should speak comp. bary-ýogy be_situated ýerleşmek 1 v to be located, be be_thirsty çaýsyramak [ça:ýsyramak] v to want situated Türkmen döwlet uniwersiteti Aşgabat to drink tea şäherinde ýerleşýer. The Turkmen State be_thown zyňylmak 1 v to be thrown, be flinged, University is situated in Ashgabat. be cast zyňylan daş cast stone be_sold ötmek 6 cf: ötüşmek. v to be sold comp. be_thrown_out zyňylmak 2 v to be thrown dünýäden ötmek out/away, be rejected be_tied baglanmak [ba:glanmak] v to be tied be_tired_of irmek 1 [i:rmek] v to be tired (of) be_whitened aklanmak 1 [a:klanmak] v to be garaşyp irmek to be tired of waiting (for) white-washed, dyed white, bleached Aklanan be_torn_to_pieces parçalanmak v to be shredded, agaja gurçuk düşmeýär. A worm doesn't attack a be torn to pieces white-washed tree. be_trusted ynanylmak v to be trusted, be be_worn_out tozmak 1 to be worn out believed be-able -bil (sp. var. -ibil) be-able be_turned_off öçürilmek 1 v to be turned off, beach plýaž cf: deňiziň boýunda. n beach çägeli switched off Telewizor öçürilen. The television is plýaž sandy beach plýažda bolmak to be on a switched off. beach be_underlined nygtalmak v to be underlined, be bead hünji n bead, pearl; monjuk [mo:njuk] n emphasized, be marked, be stressed necklace, beads monjuk dakynmak to wear be_unite birleşmek v to be united, be joined, beads come together Bize birleş gerek. Birleşen Ýurtlar beans noýba [no:ýba] n beans (inc. kidney beans) the United Nations Birleşen Patyşalyk the United noýba tohumy bean, bean seed noýba aşy bean Kingdom Amerikanyň Birleşen Ştatlary the curd United States of America [England, Scotland, bear aýy n bear; çydamak 2 n to bear, tolerate, Wales, and N. Ireland] stand Men muňa näçe wagt çydamaly? Saňa pul be_unlucky pelek urmak (comp. of pelek) to be çydamaýar.; dogurmak v to give birth, bear unlucky; to miscarry, fail, be unsuccessful çaga dogurmak to give birth to a child {arch}; be_used ulanylmak 1 v to be used Meniň satyn guzlamak 1 v to give birth, to kitten, calve, alan tikin maşynym ulanylmak üçin aňsat. lamb, bear Goýun guzlapdyr. The sheep lambed. Ulanylmak üçin mekdep okuwçylaryna täze {animals} kompýüterler getirildi. Mekdebe ulanylmak üçin beard sakgal n beard sakgal almak to shave one's täze metodika girizildi. Maýonezden boşan beard sakgal goýbermek to grow a beard comp. bankalary soň ulanylmak üçin goýarlar. {objects, ýüň sakgal etmek methods} comp. ulanylmaýan mümkinçilikleri beat köteklemek 1 v beat, hit, strike ol eden be_used_up ýerleşmek 5 v to be used up, be ýalňyşy üçin özüni kötekledi. he stroked himself spent Norma boýunça alnan harytlarýň hemmesi for his mistake; urmak 6 v to beat, to flog Öňki ýerleşdi. All the goods have been used up at the döwürde gul aýdylan zatlary ters etse gamçy bilen expected rate. urýardylar. comp. agyz urmak (dişlemek) comp. be_wanted gözlenmek v to be wanted gözlenilýän azm urmak comp. hars urmak comp. Hudaý adam wanted person; islenmek v to be wanted ursun! (şert etmek) comp. kök urmak comp. islenýän hasyl wanted harvest islenýän haryt nyşanadan urdy comp. özüňi oda urmak (özüňi wanted goods kyn ýagdaýa salmak) comp. reňk urmak comp. sowuk urmak comp. urup açmak comp. urup be_washed ýuwulmak 1 v to wash, to be washed aglamak (özüň ýamanlyk edip,ýene özüňi ejiz bu mata oňat ýuwulýar this cloth washes well görkezmek) comp. ýama urmak (ýamamak) be_wasted ýitmek 4 v to be wasted Bütin günümiz beating gürsüldi n beating ýüregiň gürsüldisi biderek ýitdi. Our whole day has been wasted. heartbeat, throbbing say. garasy ýitmek comp. gözden ýitmek beautiful görkana 1 [görka:na] adj beautiful, be_watered ýakylmak2 v to be watered Mallar pretty, handsome, fine görkana gyz beautiful suwa ýakyldy. The animals were watered. girl; gözel adj beautiful, pretty; nurana {animals} [nu:ra:na] adj beautiful, handsome, good- aljyramak) comp. üstüne comp. üstüne almak looking, fine-looking; radiant nurana gözel (Ol ähli jogapkärçiligi öz üstüne aldy.) comp. beautiful woman nurana ýüzli goja good-looking üstüne çişmek (birine gygyrmak) comp. üstüni old man; owadan 1 adj beautiful, pretty açmak comp. üstüni basyrmak (hamyryň üstüni owadan gyz beautiful girl owadan ýer a beautiful basyrmak) comp. üstüni ýapmak comp. üstüni place; uz 1 [u:z] adj beautiful, ? Gaýan gaýmaň ýapmak (jenaýatyň üstüni ýapmak) comp. az bolsyn, ýone uz bolsyn. Dokalan halyň uz hem üstüni ýetirmek nepis bolupdyr. become bolmak 3 v to become, grow, happen, beauty görk cf: görüm. n beauty görküne görk occur, take place eýe bolmak to acquire, become goşmak to make more beautiful; gözellik n the owner of bolup geçmek to happen Şeýle beauty, prettiness tebigatyň gözellikleri the bolup çykdy. That's how it happened. kiçi charms/beauty of nature; owadanlyk 1 n bolmak to grow small, to reduce in size Bu uly beauty, charm, fascination nähili owadanlyk! bir waka bolupdy. A major event took place. what a beauty!, how lovely!; peri [peri:] n comp. Boldy! comp. Boljak! comp. bolmajysy beauty, beautiful woman bolmak comp. Bolýar! comp. Indi boldy! because *üstünde 4 cf: üst, *üstünden. post become_anaemic gany gaçmak 1 (comp. of because of that Şonuň üstünde maňa käýediler. gaçmak, gan) to become anaemic ýoldaşymyň üstünde because of (for the sake become_beautiful owadanlaşmak cf: of?) a friend of mine Sen şol meseläniň üstünde owadanlamak. v to become beautiful kötek iýersiň.; çünki conjunction because, for become_blue mawarmak [ma:warmak] v to Elbetde beýle däl. Çünki çaga at ýa-da it däl. Of become blue like the sky, turn blue course it's not like that, because children are become_complicated çylşyrymlaşmak v to not horses or dogs. Men eglendim, çünki gatnaw become complicated Biziň işimiz çylşyrymlaşdy. ýaramaz. I hurried off, because I don’t like Our work has become rather complicated. meetings.; sebäbi cf: sebäp. conjunction become_difficult kynalmak cf: kynlaşmak. v To because; zerarly [zera:rly] post because (of), by become difficult Ýaşlara okuwdan soň iş tapmak reason (of) Sen zerarly gijä galdym. I was late kynaldy. It became difficult for young people because of you. as a result of due to after school to find a job. because_of üçin 2 [üçi:n] post because of, as a become_empty boşamak 3 v to become empty result şonuň üçin therefore Ýagyş ýagany üçin Itimiz boşap goňşymyzy erbet gorkyzypdyr. Agşam men kino gitmedim. Because of the rain I didn't gölämiz boşap mellekdki gok ekinleri baskylapdyr. go to the cinema.; üst 4 cf: *üstünde, Kino gutaran badyna zalyň içi boşady. Ol işden *üstünden. because of, due to ýoldaşymyň boşady. eliň boşa Öý boşady. It boşapdyr. üstünde because of a friend of mine üstünden Maşynyň tigri boşapdyr. across, through, via comp. *üstünden comp. aýak üstünde comp. aýak üstüne galmak comp. become_famous atlanmak1 [a:tlanmak] v to baş üstüne comp. üsti açylmak comp. üsti become famous açylmak (Dildüwşügiň üsti açyldy.) comp. üsti become_Russified ruslaşmak v to become bilen comp. üstünden arz etmek comp. russified ruslaşan millet a Russified nation üstünden düşmek comp. üstünden düşmek medeniýetiň ruslaşmagy the Russification of one's (tankytlamak) comp. üstünden sowuk suw culture guýlan ýaly bolmak comp. üstünden sowuk suw become_tearful damagyň dolmak (comp. of guýlan ýaly bolmak (aşa geň galmak, dolmak) v to become tearful Aýşadyň damagy dolup aglady. Ayshad became tearful and cried house. Ýetim çagajyk ýoldan geçip barýanlardan become_thin guramak2 3 v to become thin pul diläp dur. An orphan is begging money from {colloquial} passengers. Kitaby okamak üçin diläp aldym. I asked for a book to read. Duşmana ölüm bed atyz n bed (for plants) ýeri atyzlara bölmek to diländen, özüňe ömür dile. /nakyl/ Beg for your divide land into beds; krowat [kro'wat] n bed, life rather than asking for the death of your bedstead demir krowat iron bed eplenýän krowat enemy. Hudaýdan uzak ömür dilemek. Ask God folding bed, divan, put-me-up; ýer 6 n bed, for a long life. Baýlyk dilemede, saglyk dile. Don't sleeping place [usually a mat on the floor] pray for riches, pray for health. Her gije comp. ýer almasy comp. ýer hoz comp. ýer Hudaýdan dilegler diläp,gowy umytlar edip tudana comp. ýerine comp. ýerine ýetirmek ; ýatýaryn. Every night I pray to God in good ýük 3 n bed, bedding ýüki ýygnamak to make faith, then sleep.; el sermek (comp. of el) to the bed beg, solicit Şu ýaşyňda el sermede özüň işle. Do bed_head başuç [başu:ç] n head of the bed Ene not beg at this age, earn your own money. çagasynyň başujunda oturdy. The mother sat at Begench begenç 2 n Begench [boy's name] the head of the children's bed. beggar gapyçy n beggar {colloq} say. Gapyçynyň bedroom ýatylýan otag [ýatylýa:n otag] n garny dok ; gedaý [geda:ý] n a beggar, a bedroom mendicant, a pauper gedaý bolmak to be a bee ary 1 n bee bal ary honey bee pauper gedaý gezmek to beg, go begging comp. beer piwo ['piwo] n beer, lager piwo içmek to bir zadyň gedaýy bolmak drink beer piwo gaýnadylýan zawod brewery begin_conversation gürrüň açmak (comp. of beet çugundyr n beet açmak) to begin a conversation, open a beetroot şugundyr n beetroot conversation before huzur [huzu:r] n before, in front of, beginning başlangyç n beginning, start, opposite huzurynda durmak to stand in front of commencement Hazirlikçe täze açylan somebody huzura barmak to come up to kärhananyň başlangyjy gowy. The newly opened somebody; ozal 2 cf: owal. adv before; first, at business has started well. first, first of all Rewolýusiýadan ozal beginning_to_end başdan-aýak2 (comp. of baş) zähmetkeşler hor ýaşaýardylar. Before the from beginning to end revolution the workers lived poor lives. ozal behave_like_human adam bolmak (comp. of oka, soň geple! First read, then speak! ozaly adam) to behave like a human bilen first of all, at first; öňüsyra before, prior behaviour alyp baryş (baryş) behaviour Onuň to gitmezimiň öňüsyrasynda prior to leaving alyp barşy gowy. His/her behaviour is good.; befriend dostlaşmak [do:stlaşmak] v to make barşy 1 cf: baryş. (sp. var. of baryş) n way, friends (with), befriend Döwlet bilen Merdan manner, behaviour Asmanda bürgüdiň uçup birinji klasda dostlaşdylar. Dowlet and Merdan barşy owadan. The flight of eagles in the sky is became friends in the first grade. Klasymyza beautiful. {movement}; baryş (sp. var. barşy) täze gelen oglan bilen biz tiz dostlaşdyk. We made cf: barşy. n behaviour, manners, comportment friends quickly with the new boy in our class. özüni alyp barşy his behaviour, conduct beg aýagyna ýykylmak 1 (comp. of ýykylmak) Tamadaň toýy alyp barşy örän gyzykly hem to beg; dilemek 1 v to beg, ask, pray for, şadyýan. The master of ceremonies at the request pul dilemek to ask for money Jaý almak wedding's conduct is very interesting and üçin karz pul diledim. I asked for a loan to buy a makes you happy. Sahnada artistleriň özüni alyp barşy ýaman ynandyryjy. The actors' acting in below aşak 2 [aşa:k] post below Sowuk noldan the scene is very believable. alyp baryş ; boluş aşak düşdi. The cold (temperatures) will fall n behaviour, conduct, habit Boluşyň dagyn below zero. aşak gaçmak to drop, fall down näteňet, utanaňokmy? Şu boluşyň göwnüňe comp. aşakky (aşakdaky) comp. aýak jaýmy? aşagynda ; pes 2 adj below, downhill comp. pes behind yzy [yzy] adj behind göwünli comp. pese düşmek comp. ýeriň pesi bilen comp. ýeriň pesi bilen hereket etmek being_poet şahyrçylyk [şa:hy:rçylyk] n the fact of being a poet belt guşak n belt, cummerbund, sash [Turkmen belts are made of material or rope. (trad. ones believe sygynmak v to believe, trust in; worship; of metal; khan's wore them)]; kemer 1 n belt, uýmak v to believe in bir dine uýmak; seat belt inli kemer wide belt kemerini çekmek to ynanmak 1 cf: ynandyrmak. v to trust, tighten one's belt up; zolak 2 [zo:lak] cf: believe, have faith (in) Hudaýa ynanmak to zolzol . n belt, strip {landscape} believe in God Men muňa ynanýaryn. I believe 1 him. bend bükmek 1 v to bend, curve, fold Bilimi bükip ýere gül ekip çykdym. Dyzymy bükip köp belittle kemsitmek v to belittle, make someone otursam aýagym agyrýar. feel small; insult Şäherli gyzlar obaly gyzlaryň üstünden gülüp, olary kemsidýärler. City girls bend_down eplenmek 1 v to bend (down), bow laugh at village girls and make them feel small. (down) bell düwme 1 n bell, cymbal, sleigh bell düwme bend_over abanmak 1 [a:banmak] v to bend dakynmak to wear bells Men owlajygyma düwme over, to lean over Üstüme abanyp durma. Don't dakdym. I hung a small bell on my young goat. lean over my shoulder! ; jaň 1 n bell gapynyň jaňy doorbell jaň kakyldy beneficial ýokumly adj beneficial, good for you, The bell rang. comp. eňegine jaň kakylan ýaly nutritious ýokumly iýmişler nutritious fruits; geplemek healthy nutrients {food} bells boýunlyk n bells [hung from a camel] benefit bähbit [bähbi:t] n benefit, profit, good, belongings goş 1 n belongings, possessions, use; interest umumy bähbit üçin for the common things; baggage; paty-puty n belongings, goods good biriniň bähbidi üçin for somebody's good, and chattels, (one's) things paty-putyňy in order to do a favour for someone comp. ýygnaşdyrmak to get one's things together, pack bäbit bola! ; eşret n benefit, comfort up ähli paty-putyň bilen with one's bag and adamzadyň eşreti üçin for the benefit of baggage; zat 3 [za:t] cf: rezerw, ätiýaçlyk, mankind durmuşyň eşretleri the good things in çykalga, haryt, predmet, sapak, dersi, life, material benefits, comforts Gör, bu nähili şaýlar, zapas. n belongings {plural} comp. bir eşret! Look, how good this is! durmuşyň eşretini zat comp. hiç zat comp. zat bolmak comp. zat datmak to experience the good things in life; diýmek eýgilik n benefit, good Mundan eýgilik çykmaz. No good will come of it. eýgilige garaşmak to beloved ýar [ýa:r] n dear, beloved söýgüli ýar hope for some benefit Eýgilikmi? Is everything lover, great love Ýaryndan aýrylan ýedi ýyl Ok?; haýyr 1 n benefit, use, advantage, good, aglar, ýurdundan aýrylan ölinçä aglar. To be profit Ondan häme haýyr bar? What good will it separated from a loved one is seven years of do? comp. agzyňy haýyr açmak tears, but to be separated from your homeland is an eternity of tears. beside gaýry 2 post besides, except mundan gaýry besides that; ýan 1 [ýa:n] post beside, near, next to ýanynda next to him/her/it, with him/her/it Onyň ýanynda duran kim? Who is mallary ýatagyna daňmak to tether the animals the person standing next to her? {location} in a stable ýarany hasa bilen daňmak to apply a comp. ýan bermek comp. ýan ýoldaş comp. tourniquet aýagyny daňmak to bind someone's Ýasy ýanyň ýerde bolsun! legs ýüpsüz daňmak tokeep someone waiting besides daş2 4 adv besides, in addition to; ýaglygy daňmak to put a headscarf on, to tie a daşyndan conjunction besides, apart from, in headscarf on; sahaplamak [saha:plamak] v to addition to; hem 5 adv still more, even more, bind, cover kitaby sahaplamak to bind a book besides binding jilt n binding, cover (of a book) kitabyň best naýbaş adj the best (of something); jildi the book cover jilt ussahanasy binders, imposing, dignified, impressive bookbinder bet jedel 2 n bet jedel etmek to bet binoculars dürbi n binoculars better gowrak better than, more than; zyýada biography terjimehal [terjimeha:l] n biography, [zyýa:da] adj better, best gözel bardyr auto-biography; ýatlama 2 [ýa:tlama] n gözellerden zyýada there is a beauty better than biography, (commemorative) booklet all beauties bird guş n bird bewitching jadygöy 1 [ja:dygö:y] adj birth dogluş n birth Täze bolan jigime dogluş bewitching, spellbinding jadygöy nazar a hakynda şahadatnama aldym. We got a birth bewitching look Meniň jigim jadygöýli kinodan certificate for my new born brother. Çaganyň gorkýar. My little brother is frightened of films dogluşy barada biz Adam sapagynda geçdik. We about witchcraft. learned about the birth of a baby in our Human biased taraplaýyn adj biased, one-sided, on the Biology lesson.

side of birthmark hal2 [ha:l] n birthmark, mole Ol gyzyň bicycle welosiped [welosi'ped] n bicycle, bike boýnunda hal bar. She has a mole on her neck. big iri [i:ri] adj big, large, large-scale iri şahly mal birth-mark meň1 n birth-mark gyzyň ýüzünde (horned) cattle iri hojalyk large-scale farm iri meňi bar the girl has a birth-mark on her face senagat large-scale industry iri çapmak to cut birthmarked hally [ha:lly] adj birthmarked, with into large pieces a birthmark, with a mole, having a mole bigger ulyrak adj bigger, quite large Şemşadyň ýaňagy hally gyz a girl with a mole on her cheek boýy meniňkiden ulyrak diýmeseň, ýöne ýaşy kiçi. birth-marked meňli adj birth-marked ýüzi meňli Ejem boýyň entek ösýar diýip maňa ulyrak bolýan gyz the girl with a birth-mark on the face köýnek alypdyr. Şu şem ulanmaga ulyrak birthplace dogduk n birthplace Towşana dogduk diýmeseň, kiçisi welin owadan. Eliňdäki torba depe./nakyl/ East or West home is best. ulyrak diýmeseň, ýöne kiçi torbaň berkdir. Turkmenistan meniň dogduk mekanym. billion milliard 2 [milli'ard] num billion [US Turkmenistan is my birthplace. English] biscuit köke [kö:ke] n biscuit(s) meniň ejem süýji bin bedre 2 n rubbish bin {Brit}; zir-zibil köke bişirip bilýär. my mother can cook sweet salynýan ýaşyk 2 (comp. of zir-zibil) rubbish biscuit. bin {Brit} bit agyzzyryk n bit (sem. domains: 6.3.1.7 - Beast bind bogmak 1 v to bind, tie up, bundle Bugdaýly of burden.) haltaň agzyny bogyp, araba ýükledik. Bede bitch ganjyk n bitch dessesini bogyp, kümä salyp gyşa taýynlyk bite agyz urmak (dişlemek) (comp. of urmak) görýaris.; daňmak 2 v to tie up, bind, tether to bite Merdanyň aýagyndan it agyz urup ol hassahana düşdi.; dişlemek [di:şlemek] v to bermek comp. ýüz döndermek comp. ýüz bite Işlemedik dişlemez./nakyl/ He who does not saraltmak comp. ýüz solgun comp. ýüz tutmak work will not eat. (Proverb) Almadan dişläp comp. ýüz urmak comp. ýüz-göz comp. ýüzbe- aldym. I bit an apple. Gaharyň gelse,burnuňy ýüz comp. ýüze çykmak comp. ýüzi täzelenmek dişle. (nakyl) Bite your nose if you are angry. comp. ýüzüne atanak çekmek comp. ýüzüne (Proverb) ; ýarmak 4 [ýa:rmak] v to bite Meni gara sürtmek comp. ýüzüni almak comp. it ýardy. The dog has bitten me. comp. bagty ýüzüni ýuwmak daş ýarmak comp. dil ýarmak comp. ýüregini blame günäkärlemek cf: günälemek. v to blame ýarmak (someone for), accuse (someone of), charge biting ýiti 8 adj biting, stinging, sharp ýiti dil (someone with) ogurlykda günäkärlemek to sharp tongue comp. ýiti zehinli comp. ýiti-ýiti accuse someone of theft bits_and_bobs uşak-düşek (comp. of uşak) bits blameless aýyby ýok (comp. of aýyp) It doesn't and bobs Men öý üçin uşak zat satyn almaly, matter.; blameless; aýypsyz 2 adj blameless sawyn, şampun, el süpürlýan solfetka bilen Hiç aýypsyz adam ýok. No person is without sin. telefona sim. blank_verse ak goşgy (comp. of ak) blank verse bitter ajy 1 [a:jy] adj bitter, sour ajy sirke sour blasphemy küpür n blasphemy ol küpürligi üçin vinegar ajy gözýas bitter tears ajy habar bitter günäkärlendi we üç ýyl türmä basylmaly edildi. he news comp. ajy söz was found guilty of blasphemy and sentenced black gara 1 adj black gap-gara very black gara to three years in jail. çynym in truth comp. gara bagt comp. gara blaze lowlamak 1 v to blaze, be on fire, to catch burç comp. gara çaý comp. gara gün comp. (fire) odun lowlap ýanýar the firewood has

gara hat comp. gara iş comp. gara möý2 comp. really caught gara öý say. garasy ýitmek comp. nebit2 bleed ganamak [ga:namak] v to bleed; black_heart garaýürek n black heart ganatmak 1 [ga:natmak] v to bleed blacken garalamak 1 v to blacken, make bless ýalkamak 2 v to bless Ýalkaňaň ýaz, something black kagyzy garalamak to colour the gargasaň gyş! Bless the spring, curse the winter! paper black gaşyňy garalamak to color eyebrow comp. Taňry ýalkasyn! kirpigiňi garalamak to color eyelash; garalmak2 blessed eşretli adj blessed, happy, comfortable 1 v to blacken, turn black güne garalmak to eşretli durmuş happy life eşretli ülke land of become sunburnt comp. garalyp durmak plenty/abundance eşretli günler happy days; blackness garalyk 1 n blackness comp. bagty mübärek 1 adj blessed, blest Baýramyňyz garalyk mübärek bolsun! Season's greetings. Täze blacksmith demirçi (comp. of ussa) blacksmith ýylyňyz mübärek bolsun! A happy New Year! Çarhyň tigirçegi döwülende, demirçi ussa eltip Doglan günüň mübärek bolsun! Many happy bejertdi. When a mill wheel broke, they brought returns of the day! it to silversmith fot to fix. demirçi ussa blessing ak pata (comp. of ak) blessing; bereket silversmith n blessing Harmana bereket! May your threshing blade peýkam 2 [peýka:m] n blade {dial}; tyg floor be blessed! Şu ýylky hasyl bereketli boldy.

[ty:g] n blade; ýüz2 2 n blade, edge pyçagyň This year's harvest was blessed. [material ýüzi knife blade ýüzi gaýdyşmak to grow blessings: food, money etc.] say. Herekete (slightly) blunt comp. açyk (güler) ýüzli comp. bereket ; pata 1 [pa:ta:] n blessing pata bermek agyr ýüzli comp. çilime ýüz urmak comp. ýüz to bless, give one's blessing (to) Şondan soň Görögly Aşyk Aýdyň pirden pata almaga barýar. blow öwüsmek 1 v to blow ýel öwüsýär the wind Then Goeroelgi Ashik Aydyn went to receive blows comp. nireden öwüsýänine düşer ýaly blessings from the pir. pata almak to be blessed däl. ; urgy 1 n blow, hit Bokser bir urgyda by ak pata blessing ak pata bermek to bless, garşydaşyny ýatyrdy. Maşyn ýoldan çykyp tile pronounce a blessing over [usually from a baryp degen urgy aýnasyny kül pahş etdi. Muslim saint, spiritual craftsman or master Hokeýist klüşka bilen eden urgysy şaýbany craftsman] meýdançaň başka tarapyna gidirdi.; üflemek v to blind gözsüz 1 adj blind; kör 1 [kö:r] adj blind blow Gyzgyn palawy üfläp sowatmak. To blow kör adam blind man kör bolmak to be/become on the hot pilau and cool it. çilimiň tüssesini blind haçanda ol kör bolanda men oňa telekeçiligi {person}; zarba n blow, stroke, strike, attack ýöretmäge kömek edip başladym I started helping bir zarbada at one stroke zarba urmak to strike a him run the business when he went blind blow, to attack; zarp n blow, stroke, strike zarp comp. kör köpüksiz bilen at one stroke zarp bilen itmek to push by force blinded gamaşyk 1 [ga:maşyk] adj blinded Ol gamaşyk gözüni owkalady. he massaged his blue mawy [ma:wy] adj blue mawy asman blue blinded eyes sky mawy ekran big screen bliss sapa [sapa:] n bliss, felicity, happiness blunder ýalňyşlyk n mistakenness, erroneousness; false step, blunder ýalňyşlyk block bent3 2 n block Meniň ýolumy bent etme. goýbermek to make a blunder, make a mistake Don't block my way. blunt kütek 1 adj blunt, dull kütek pyçak blunt blockhead samsyk n blockhead, fool, stupid, clot, knife comp. kütek burç idiot (sem. domains: 4.9.4.4 - Curse.) comp. tapdyň samsygyňy! blush gyzarmak 2 v to blush, turn red in the face utanjyňdan gyzarmak to blush with shame blocks kubik n blocks, bricks (as children's toy) ýüzüň gyzarmak to turn red in the face çagalar kubikden şekil gurupdyrlar children had made up a shape from bricks board tagta 2 n board han tagta table [only used in the N and NE of the country] blond saryýagyz [sa:ryýagyz] adj blond saryýagyz gyz blonde board_up uruşdyrmak 3 v to board up Köne jaýy gulplap daşyndan uruşdyryp eýeleri gitler. blood gan [ga:n] n blood, gore gan damarlary Penjiräň daşyndan gawsasyny ýapyp uruşdyrdyk. artery, vein gan döküşikli bloodthirsty, {house} sanguinary gan basyşy blood pressure gan öýmek to bruise comp. gan almak gan dökmek boast çişmek 4 [çi:şmek] v to boast, brag comp. gan ýuwutmak comp. gany gaçmak ; Sowukdan elim çişipdir. Ýel berlen pökgi çişdi. süýtdeş adj blood, true, real süýtdeş doganym Näme meniň üstüme çişýäň? hum ýaly çişmek; my blood brother/sister (i.e. sibling) gabarmak 3 [ga:barmak] v to boast Ol gabarmagy halamaýar. He doesn't like boasting.; bloody ganly 2 [ga:nly] adj bloody, blood-stained magtanmak v to boast, talk about oneself ol ganly ýüz bloody face arassa ganly at a özüniň ýeňşi barada magtanyp başlady he started thoroughbred ganly et bloody meat az ganly few boesting about his victory; öwünç 2 n boast blooded arassa ganly at horse with pure blood onuň öwünjini eşitdiňmi? boast(ing), bragging; comp. gyzgyn ganly comp. sowuk ganly have you heard his boasting?; öwünmek v to bloom açylmak 3 v to bloom Güller ýazda boast (of), brag (of, about) ol öwünmegi gowy açylýarlar. Flowers bloom in spring. görýär he is fond of bragging, he likes boasting boastful öwünjeň adj boastful, vainglorious, bold merdana [merda:na] cf: mert. n bold braggart öwünjeň adam boaster, braggart, boldness aýgyt n boldness, courage, audacity bragger, show-off bolt kilt n bolt, catch, fastening gapynyň kildi bolt boat gaýyk n rowing boat, dinghy; kayak; tender of a door kildi ildirmek to lock with a bolt motorly gaýyk motor boat gaýykly gezelenç bomb bomba ['bomba] n bomb Ýer ýüzünde hiç etmek to go boating comp. ýelkenli gaýyk ; kim, hiç wagt atom bombasyny ulanmasyn. gämi cf: parohod. n ship, boat, vessel, liner Obamyzyň çetinde oglanjyklar oýnap ýörkäler söwda gämisi merchant ship gämä münmek to uruşdan galan bombany tapdylar. board a ship, to get on board ýelkenli gämi bombard bombalamak v to bombard, bomb sailing ship, yacht comp. çöl gämisi comp. gämi Bombalamak diýen buýruk komandirden geldi. duralgasy comp. howa gämisi Uruş döwürinde obamyz bombalanandan soň köp boatman gaýykçy n boatman, ferryman jaýlar weýran boldy. body beden cf: organizm. n body Daglykda bon_voyage ýoluň(yz) ak bolsun! (comp. of ýol) ýaşaýan adamlaryň bedeni sag. Those who live Have a safe journey! Bon voyage! ikimiziň in the mountains have a healthy body.; endam ýolumyz bir we go the same way, I am going [enda:m] n body Ol hor endamyny görkezdi. He your way ikimiziň ýolumyz başga we go in showed his thin body. endam-jan body, body different directions; our paths diverge ýol and soul; göwre 1 n body, frame; jisim 3 n açmak to force one's way through; to make body Asman jisimleri. Heavenly bodies. {star, one's way in life ýol gözlemek to look for the planet, moon}; ten n body onuň teni sowuk his way; to look for the way out ýol tapmak to find body's cold the way; to find the way out ýoldan çykmak to bodyguard janpena [ja:npena] n bodyguard lose one's way Onuň kakasy Prezidentiň janpenasy bolup işleýär. bone süňk n bone Her father works as a bodyguard to the book kitap [kita:p] n book gyzykly kitap President. interesting book kitap dükany bookshop kitap boerek börek n boerek Kädili börek birinji gezek söwdasy book-trade kitap okamak to read a book iýip göremde beýle süýji bolýandyr öýtmändim. bookbinder sahapçy [saha:pçy] n bookbinder Aslynda börek orslaň milli nahary. [A Turkmen sahapçy bolup işlemek to work as a bookbinder pasta dish rather like ravioli (Italian) or booklet gollanma 2 n booklet, brochure; kitapça pelmini (Russian)] [kita:pça] n booklet, pamphlet, brochure men boil çyban [çy:ban] n boil, abscess çyban çykmak hemişe ýanymda himiýa barada kitapça to have a boil coming on; çykuw n boil, göterýärin i always take a chemistry booklet abscess; gaýnamak v to boil Suw gaýnady. The with me water is boiled. Gazan gaýnady. The pot is boot ädik n boot keçe ädik felt boots boiled.; gaýnatmak v to boil something Sen suwy gaýnatdyňmy? Have you boiled the water? booty olja n booty, loot, plunder 50 sany düýä süýdi gaýnatmak to boil a milk olja alypdyr. He took as plunder 50 camels. comp. oljasy oňmak boiled gaýnadylmak v to be boiled gaýnadylan suw boiled water Gaýnadylan suw barmy? Have border araçäk [a:raçäk] n border, frontier; sepgit you got any boiled water? gaýnadylan et boiled adv border, frontier; serhet n border, frontier, meat boundary boiling gaýnag 1 adj boiling border_guard araçäkçi [a:raçäkçi] n border guard, frontier guard; serhetçi n border guard bored içiň gysmak 1 (comp. of gysmak, iç) to be bow baş egmek (comp. of baş, egmek) to bow bored Meniň obada içim gysýar. I am bored in down; bow one's head; egmek cf: boýun, baş. the village. v to bow, bend çybygy aşak egmek to bow stick boring bizar-peteň [bi:za:r-peteň] adj boring ; At boýmuny egýärdi. A horse bowed neck. tiresome comp. bizar-peteň etmek ; gysdyryjy demiri egmek to bend iron comp. baş egmek adj boring ýürek gysdyryjy boring, tedious, comp. boýun egmek ; ýaý 1 [ýa:ý] n bow ýaý tiresome, irksome ýürek gysdyryjy gürrüň boring çekmek to bend/draw a bow ýaý atmak to shoot conversation; mazasyz [maza:syz] adj boring, {weapon} uninteresting, tedious, dull bow_down boýun egmek 3 (comp. of boýun, born dogmak 2 v to be born kem dogmak to be egmek) to bow down Uruş döwirinde nemyslara premature Gelnejem üç oguldan soň gyz dogdy. ýesir düşen esgerleriň boýyn egmedikleriň baryny My sister-in-law gave birth her daughter after öldirýardiler. During the war the Germans used her three sons. Üçünji otagdaky ene entek to kill all those taken as prisoners who refused doganok. The mother in the third room have to bow down.; tagzym etmek [tagzy:m etmek] not given birth yet. Şu on çaga bir eneden dogan v to bow (down), curtsy çagalar. These ten children are born from one bowl çanak [ça:nak] n bowl, dish uly çanak basin mother. kem doglan çaga premature baby kelle çanagy skull, cranium; jam [ja:m] n cup, born_and_raised önüp-ösmek [ö:nüp-ösmek] v to goblet, bowl bir jam süýt a bowl of milk; şakäse be born and raised Men obada önüp-ösdüm. I [şa:käse] n (soup) bowl

was born and raised in a village. box gapyrjak cf: çeker, ýaşik1. n box kemputly bother degmek 2 v to bother, disturb, be affected gapyrjak box of sweets çaý gapyrjagy tea-caddie; by Maňa degme! Leave me alone! comp. guty n box poçta gutysy letter box, mailbox;

namasyna degmek ; ynjalygyny gaçyrmak ýaşik1 1 ['ýaşik] cf: çeker, gapyrjak. n box (comp. of gaçyrmak) to bother poçta ýaşigi letter-box bottle çüýşe n bottle; ýatyrmak 4 [ýatyrmak] v boxed gaplanmak 1 [ga:planmak] v to be boxed, to bottle şerebä ýatyrmak to pickle pomidory tinned, be packed up gaplanan harytlar packed duza ýatyrmak to bottle tomatoes {food, drink} boxes comp. maşyny ýatyrmak comp. ýatyr boy oglan 1 n boy, youth, young man on ýaşly bottom otur ýeri (comp. of oturmak) v sit-upon, oglan ten-year-old boy comp. gyz-oglan bottom Ol otyr. He's sitting. Ol gülüp otyr. He's brackets ýaý 3 [ýa:ý] n brackets, parenthesis laughing. telewizor görüp otyrka . . . while {gram} watching television . . . Ol maňa nesihat berip braid saçbag [saçba:g] n braid otyr. {(following gerund) marks the continuous brain beýni n brain mood}; otyrýer 2 [oty:rýer] n sit-upon; syrt n brain_work akyl zähmeti (comp. of akyl) brain bottom, rear end, posterior work, work that requires hard thinking bottomless düýpsüz adj bottomless brainwork zähmet 3 n brainwork akyl zähmeti boundless ölçegsiz 2 adj boundless, unbounded, brainwork {mental} comp. Çekseň zähmet, immense ölçegsiz giňişlik immense space ýagar rähnet. comp. zähmet pälwany comp. bountiful hasylly [ha:sylly] adj bountiful, zähmet soňy rähnet. plentiful, abundant hasylly ýyl abundant harvest brake Aýagyny bas! (comp. of aýak) Brake!; bouquet çemen n bunch of flowers, posy, tormoz ['tormoz] cf: aýak. n brake tormoz bouquet, nosegay bermek to brake, put on the brake ruçnoý tormozy handbrake bending çüýşäni döwmek to break a glass buzda branch filial [fili'al] n branch, subsidiary taýyp, eliňi döwmek to break your hand while

institutyň filialy branch of an institute; gol2 3 n skating on the ice. Ýygnakda ony berk döwdüler. branch comp. gol ýapmak ; pudak 1 [pu:dak] At the meeting they broke him completely.; n branch agajyň pudaklary branches of a tree döwülmek 1 v to break, break up, be broken (sem. domains: 1.5 - Plant.) Käse döwüldi. The cup broke. Maşynymyz ýolda döwüldi. Our car was damaged on the way. branch_out pudaklamak [pu:daklamak] cf: Araba döwülse, ýalta üçin odun. When a cart puda. v to branch out, ramify agaç pudaklapdyr breaks it is wood for a lazy person. Oglumyň a tree has formed branches welosipedi döwüldi, yöne özi bejerdi. My son's brand näletlemek 2 v to brand, stigmatise; bicycle was broken, but he fixed it himself. tagma 1 n brand comp. çöp döwlen ýaly ; döwülmek 2 v to brave arslan ýürek (comp. of ýürek) brave, break, get fractured, shatter Sport sapagynda courageous; batyr 1 [ba:tyr] adj brave, bold, tanapdan ýykylamda elim döwüldi. In the PE courageous Sirkde gaplaňlara tälim beriji lesson I fell from the rope and broke my hand. adamlary batyr görmeli. In the circus those who Aýna pökgi degip, aýna döwüldi. The ball broke control the tigers have to show bravery.; the window. Elimden käse gaçyp döwüldi. I gerçek 2 adj brave, strong, bold, daring, dropped the cup and it broke. Stoluň üstünden courageous gerçek ýigit brave young man; surat portret gaçyp döwüldi. The photo frame fell goçak 3 adj brave, courageous, bold, daring and broke. comp. çöp döwlen ýaly ; gätmek 1 goçak ýigit brave young fellow goçak garpyz big v to break off çöregiň gyrasyndan gätmek to water-melaon goçak daşlar big stones; merdan break off a hunk of bread; pytramak 1 v to adj brave crumble, break or fall into crumbs or fragments braveness batyrlyk [ba:tyrlyk] n braveness, daş maýda bölekleri pytrady the stone has fallen boldness, courage Türkmeniň taryhynda into crumbs; zaýalamak 3 [za:ýalamak] v to Gökdepe galasyny goran aýallar öz edermenligini break, damage Gullar zähmet gurallaryny we batyrlygyny görkezdi. In Turkmen history the zaýalaýardylar. Slaves used to ruin the tools. women who defended the fort at Gokdepe gözüňi zaýalamak to have one's eyesight showed great courage and bravery. damaged (by) comp. Öz nerwiňi zaýalama! bravery edermenlik n bravery, courage, valour break_fast agyz açmak (orazada nahar iýmek) edermenlik görkezmek to show one's courage (comp. of açmak) (during fast of Ramadan) to bread çörek 1 cf: nan. n bread ak çörek petir break one's fast çörek; nan [na:n] cf: çörek. n bread nan break_hand eli çykmak (comp. of el) to break bişirmek to bake bread comp. nan ursun comp. one's hand; to forget how to do something nany bitin Garýagdy sport türgenleşiginde ýykylyp elini break arakesme [a:rakesme] n break, çykardy. Garyagdy fell down and broke his intermission arakasme etmek to have a break, hand during sport training. Bir ýyl bäri take a break; böldürmek [bö:ldürmek] v to kompýuterde işlemämsoň elimden çykypdyr. split up, break Pulymy böldürmek üçin banka Because I did not work on the computer for a bardym. I went to the bank to split up my note. year, I forgot how to do it. Pulymyň ýetmedigi sebäpli dollary manada öwirip break_off uçmak 5 v to break off Çaýnegiň böldürmeli boldym.; döwmek 1 v to break, jüründegi uçumaz ýaly sapy bilen jüründiginden smash şahany egip döwmek to break a branch by berk tutup çaýkamaly. comp. gözüňden uçmak (gözüňden ýitirmek) comp. kelläňden uçmak bribery parahorlyk [pa:raho:rlyk] n bribery, (ýadyňdan çykarmak) corruption break_off_relations arany açmak (comp. of ara2) bribes para-peşgeş [pa:ra-peşgeş] cf: para1. to break off relations with bribes break_up çagşamak 1 [çagşa:mak] v break up, brick hyşt cf: kerpiç. n brick; kerpiç cf: hyşt. n fall apart Obanyň köne jaýlary çagşap başlady. brick kerpiç jaý brick building bişen kerpiç Old houses in the village began to fall apart. baked brick çig kerpiç mud brick; unbaked brick breakfast ertirlik [erti:rlik] n breakfast ertirlik kerpiç zawody brick works, brick-yard kerpiç edinmek to have breakfast guýmak to lay bricks Häzirki wagtda köp adamlar jaýy kerpiçden gurýarlar. Nowadays breast emjek n breast emjek ujy nipple sygryň many people build houses from bricks. emjegi nipple of cow say. Aglamadyk oglana emjek ýok ; göwüs n breast, mammary gland; bride gelin 2 n bride comp. gelin-gyz comp. gursak n breast gursak kletkasy thorax comp. gelneje dürtme gursak comp. guýma gursak ; kükrek n bride_price salgyt 2 n bride-price salgyt salmak to breast kükregiňi ýere berip ýatmak to lie face set the bride-price downwards, to lie one one's breast bridegroom giýew 1 n bridegroom breast_feed emdirmek v to breast-feed, to suckle bride-price galyň2 n bride-price, dowry Ol gyzy breast-feed ýanamak 2 [ýa:namak] v to feed; to üçin galyň aldy. He got hold of the bride-price breast-feed a baby (whilst lying on one's side) for his fiancée. [money paid to bride's family breastplate sowut n breastplate and to bride in order to marry her] breath dem n breath dem almak to breathe Ol bridge eşek 2 n bridge erkek eşek male donkey art uludan dem aldy. He breathed deeply. demiňi eşege ýük too heavy {music} say. Eşek semrese, dürsemek to breath calmly bir demde at the eýesini deper ; köpri n bridge Köpri gurany moment demiňi sanap ýatmak to be very sick iň Hudaý ýalkar. God bless those who build a soňky demiňe çenli until the end of your last bridge. breath demiňi almazlyk to be silent dem alyş bridle uýan n bridle comp. şol demde briefcase portfel n briefcase, bag breather nepes n breather nepesiňi dürsemek to briefly birsalym adv briefly, for a short while take a breather; to have a short rest bright düşgür 1 cf: düşbi. adj quick-witted, breathing dem alyş (dem) n breathing bright, sharp At örän düşgür jandar. The horse is breeze şemal [şema:l] n breeze, wind very intelligent. dile düşgür bright, sharp; brew demlemek v to brew, steep çaý demlemek to röwşen 2 adj bright, joyful, happy biziň röwşen let tea brew geljegimiz our bright future {fig}; ýiti 2 adj bright ýiti reňk bright colour comp. ýiti zehinli bribe emlemek 2 v to grease someone's palm, comp. ýiti-ýiti bribe Häkimlige emlemeseň, işiň bitmeýär. If you don't grease the palm of the mayor, your work brighten ýagtylanmak v to brighten, become

won't be successful.; para1 cf: para-peşgeş. brighter, light up onuň ýüzi ýagtylandy his face

bribe; para2 [pa:ra] n bribe para bermek to give lit up; ýagtylmak v to brighten, become a bribe para almak to take a bribe brighter, lighten howa ýagtylyp başlady the day is breaking bribe_taker parahor [pa:raho:r] n bribe-taker, extortioner brightness ýitilik 2 n brightness reňkiň ýitiligi brightness of a colour; ýitilik 3 n burning state, brightness gün söhlesiniň ýitiligi brightness of the brooch genjik n brooch [decorative brooch to sun rays hold women's vest (chawut) together]; gülýaka bring alyp gelmek1 (comp. of gelmek) to bring; (comp. of ýaka) n large silver brooch

alyp gelmek2 v to bring, come bringing broom sübse n broom, brush; süpürgi n broom, something; äkelmek v to bring, supply Äkel brush bärik! Bring it to me!; getirmek 1 v to bring brother dogan 2 n brother Biz bäş dogan. We are mysal getirmek to give an example peýda five brothers. Türkler biziň doganymyz. Turks getirmek to make a profit comp. sary getirmek are our brothers. Dogan, gel, meniň ýerimde comp. tasa getirmek comp. ýola getirmek otur! Brother, come and sit in my place! ; bring_down indermek 1 v to bring down Hudaý gardaş n brother gardaşymyň ogly brother's son näme üçin olaryň başyndan bela-beter inderdikä? Ol meniň gardaşym. He is my brother. Eý, Why God throw down the palgue from their gardaş, maňa kömek et! Hey, brother, help me! head? {colloq}; ini 1 [ini:] cf: jigi. n younger brother bring_to_naught puja çykarmak (comp. of puç) Meniň inim mugallym. My younger brother is a to cause sth. to come to nothing teacher. [used only by males] bring_up adam etmek 1 (comp. of adam) to brother_in_law baja [ba:ja] n brother-in-law, a bring up (children) Çagany adam edýänçäň, man's wife's brother Aýal doganlaryň ýoldaşlary saçyň agaryp, dişiň dökülýär. By the time you've biri-birine baja bolýar. Sisters' husbands are brought up your children, your hair is white fv:baja to one another. and your teeth have fallen out. brotherhood doganlyk n brotherhood broadcast efir [efi:r] n broadcast, on the web brown garaýagyz adj brown, dark, dusky, dark- Häzir hepädňiň filmleri efirde. This week's films skinned garaýagyz ýigit dark-skinned fellow; are now being broadcast. Häzir efire gidip dur. goňur adj brown; mele adj brown, straw- Currently being broadcast. comp. efire bermek ; coloured, pale yellow, beige açyk mele light gepleşik 2 n broadcast, program çagalar üçin brown mele at dun, a dun horse gepleşik children's program bruise gök [gök] n bruise comp. gök galdy comp. broken bozak adj broken Bir ertekide bozak göm-gök aýalyň erbet işleri üçin ary gözinden çokýar. brutal wagşy 2 adj brutal, bestial wagşy duşman Klasymyzdaky bozak oglan çagalary özara bubble düwme 3 n bubble, drop Ýaz ýagyş sögişdirip ýör.; döwük 1 adj broken, not düwmeleri ýüzüme damýardy. Drops of spring working döwük maşyn broken down car Ýöräp rain dripped onto my face. Maralyň gözünden gitmesem maşynym şu wagt döwük. I have to go düwme-düwme ýaş döküldi. Many tears have on foot, because my car has broken down. fallen from the eyes of Maral. Döwük telewizory bejertmäne ussa berdim. I gave bucket bedre 1 n bucket Suwy bedre bilen my broken TV to the technician to repair. guýudan daşamaly. You have to get water out of Motosikliň tigri döwük ýatyr. The wheel of the a well with a bucket motor is broken. Tikin maşynyň iňňesi döwük. buckwheat greçka n buckwheat {colloq} The sewing maçhine needle has broken. ; üzük 2 adv broken üzük ýüp comp. biziň ondan bud düwünçek 2 n bud mekgejöwen düwünçegi ear tamamyz üzükdi of corn (sem. domains: 1.5 - Plant.); gunça n bud of a flower; pyntyk n bud, leaf-bud (sem. bronze bürünç2 n bronze Futbol ýaryşynda biziň domains: 1.5 - Plant.) komandamyz bürünç medala eýe boldy. Joramyň toýyna bürünçden ýasalan önümleri sowgat etdim. budget býujet n budget Döwlet býüjet kärhanalary bulwark daýanç 4 n stronghold, bulwark aýlygy gowy hem wagtynda berýar, Kommersiýa maşgalanyň daýanjy the stronghold of the kärhanasyndan çykyp döwlet býüjet edarasuna ise family girdim. bunch desse n bouquet, sheaf, posy, bunch bir build geçirmek 10 v to build, extend demir ýol desse gül a bunch of flowers; salkym n bunch, geçirmek to build a railway comp. başdan cluster bir salkym üzüm a bunch of grapes

geçirmek2 comp. biri-birinden geçirmek comp. burden ýük 5 n burden ýük bolmak to be a bokurdakdan geçirmek comp. durmuşa burden to geçirmek comp. geçirýän işlikler comp. gözden burn awamak [a:wamak] v to burn, hurt, ache geçirmek comp. itden geçirmek ; guramak2 1 v Elim üşäp awaýar. My hands are stinging from to build; gurmak 1 v to build, construct, erect the cold. Oňa ýüregim awaýar. I feel sorry for zawod gurmak to build a factory; salmak 1 cf: him. (ADS suggests - I hurt for him.) comp. salynmak2. v to build, construct jaý salmak to ýürek awa ; köýdürmek 1 cf: köýmek. v to build a house köpri salmak to build a bridge burn (up, down) çöregi köýdürmek to burn the comp. abraýdan salmak comp. aldawa salmak bread; ýanmak 1 cf: ýanynda. v to burn, be on comp. aldym berdime salmak comp. bilmezlige fire Öý ýanýar. The house is on fire. ýanyp salmak comp. diň salmak comp. duzaga salmak başlamak to catch fire, to begin to burn comp. comp. sala salmak comp. tertibe salmak comp. biriniň yşkyna ýanmak comp. ýoguna ýanmak

yzyna it salmak comp. ýola salmak ; salynmak2 burning otly3 [o:tly] adv burning otly kesindi cf: salmak. v to build for oneself jaý salynmak burning log Dawudiň otly demi onuň ýüzüne to build a house for oneself diş salynmak to çabyrady. Dawut's hot breath burned his face. have one's teeth made düşek salynmak to make comp. otly köýnek geýmek ; ýiti 3 adj burning, one's bed; ýasamak 2 v to build comp. ýelk scorching günüň ýiti şöhlesi burning rays of the ýasamak sun comp. ýiti zehinli comp. ýiti-ýiti builder gurluşykçy n builder; gurujy n builder burrow gowak 1 n big hole, burrow; süren n building bina 1 [bina:] n building belent bina tall burrow, den, lair Onýança tazynyň eýesi gelip, building Türkmenistan döwletinde häzirki sürene tüsse berip, tilkini alýar. At that moment döwürde beýik binalar gurulýar. In the Turkmen the dog's owner comes and putting smoke into state they build tall buildings these days. bina the burrow, gets the fox. etmek to build; jaý 1 [ja:ý] n building, house, bury jaýlamak 2 [ja:ýlamak] cf: jaýlaşmak. v to structure, block jaý gurmak to build a house bury, inter Olaryň adam jaýlamak däbi Kakamyň jaýy örän giň. The father's house is biziňkiden tapawutlanýar. Their burial tradition wide. comp. okuw jaýy ; ymarat [yma:rat] n is different from ours. building bus awtobus [aw'tobus] n bus built gurulmak 1 v to be built, be constructed business işewür 1 adj business işewür adam Täze jaý guruldy. A new house was built. business man işewür toparlar business circles bulb düýp 3 cf: fundament, esas. n bulb (of a business_trip komandirowka [komandi'rowka] plant), head bir düýp sarymsak one head of cf: iş sapary. n business trip, mission garlic Bir düýp sarymsakda bäş-alty sany däne komandirowka gitmek to go on a business trip ol bolýar. There are five to six cloves in each bulb komandirowkada he is away on business, he is of garlic. comp. düýbüne ýetmek comp. away on a commision ylmy komandirowka düýbüni tutmak comp. düýp tutmak scientific mission döredijilik komandirowkasy creative mission komandirowka üçi beriýän pul buttock otyrýer 1 [oty:rýer] n buttock travelling allowance komandirowka button ilik n button; klawiş n key, button şahadatnamasy warrant, authority (for kompýuteriň klawişleri keyboard ol ak-gara travelling on official business) [a trip funded by klawişlere basdy he pressed black and white the workplace, and having many functions] buttons bustle hysyrdy n bustle, fuss, trouble, bother buy almak 2 cf: satyn almak2. v to buy at almak busy işli 1 [i:şli] adj busy işli adam busy person to buy a horse comp. Al gerek bolsa! comp. ar işli bolmak to be busy (with); meşgul [meşgu:l] almak comp. at almak comp. basyp almak adj busy meşgul etdiler. bolmak to be busy comp. dyrnagyňy almak comp. eliňe almak (with), be involved (in), be occupied (with) ol comp. garşy almak comp. göwnüňe almak öz işi bilen meşgullanmak he is busy with his comp. talap almak ; alynmak 2 v to buy for work oneself Özüme täze palto alynmak isleýärin. I but emma [emma:] conjunction but; welin 1 would like to buy myself a new coat. dyngata

[weli:n] conjunction but, however, and yet Ol alynmak ; satyn almak1 v to buy welin hiç zat diýmedi. He, however, didn't say buzz güwwüldemek v to buzz, roar, murmur,

anything; ýöne1 [ýö:ne] conjunction but, howl; wyzzyldamak v to buzz, drone Arylar however Men garaşdym, ýöne sen gelmediň. I wyzzyldaýarlar. Bees buzz.; wyzzyldy n buzz, waited but you didn't come. drone arylaryň wyzzyldysy the buzzing of bees butcher etçi n butcher; gassap [gassa:p] n {insect} butcher by arkaly 2 post by, with the help of radio arkaly butter mesge n butter by radio Uzakdaky zady dürbi arkaly görüp bolýar. One may see far in the distance with the butterfly kebelek n butterfly, moth Biz jülgä help of binoculars. gazet arkaly by newspaper gezelenje gidenimizde, köp kebelek gördük. We telewideniýe arkaly by television (broadcast) saw many butterflies when we visited the say. Arkaly köpek gurt alar ; tarapyndan post gorge. comp. daşynda kebelek bolmak ; by means of, by perwana 1 [perwa:na] n butterfly perwana dek pyrlanmak to hover as a butterfly {literary, by_side ýanynda cf: ýanmak. by the side daytime} comp. perwana bolmak

C c cabbage kelem [kelem] n cabbage gülli kelem kabeli üzülipdir. The telephone does not work, cauliflower Meniň ejem kelem çorbany örän it's cable has been cut. tagamly bişirýär. My mother cooks very tasty cafe çaýhana [ça:ýha:na] n cafe, tea-room, tea- cabbage soup. shop; naharhana 1 [naharha:na] n cafe, small cabin külbe n cabin, small house Myrat tokaýyň restaurant gyrasynda, külbede ýaşaýar. Myrat lives in small cake tort n cake, gateau house near the forest calamity bela [bela:] n calamity, misfortune, cable kabel n cable Indi biziň antenamyzy aýryp, disaster beladan gutulmak to be saved from kabel oturtdylar. Now they have removed our disaster tebigy bela natural disaster comp. bela aerial and installed a cable. Telefon işlänok, ýaly belanyň körügi calf göle n calf camcorder wideokamera [wideo'kamera] n call diýmek 3 v to call, name; gygyrmak 2 cf: camcorder, video camera, camcorder

gygyryşmak. v to call Maňa kim gygyrdy? Who camel iner n male camel; maýa2 [ma:ýa] n camel called me?; jaň 2 n call, ring jaň etmek to ak maýa a white camel comp. Ak maýanyň telephone, ring, call telefonyň jaňy ringing of a ýoly telephone comp. eňegine jaň kakylan ýaly camel_breeder düýedar [düýeda:r] n camel- geplemek ; tutmak 2 v to call comp. tutmak breeder tutmak camel_breeding düýedarçylyk [düýeda:rçylyk] call_round aýlanmak 6 v to call round işsiz n camel-breeding aýlanmak to hang around aimlessly camera fotoapparat [fotoappa'rat] cf: surat calm aram 2 [a:ram] adj calm, tranquil aram alýan. n camera; kamera 1 n camera (photo, tapmak calm down, become tranquil; video) Onuň kamerasynda ýüzlerçe surat bar. arkaýynlaşmak 1 v to calm down, relax Ol There are about a hundred pictures in his öýüne gelip arkaýynlaşdy. He relaxed when he camera. came home.; diňmek 1 [di:ňmek] v to calm camp düşelge 1 n camp, halt, stopping place, down Ejesini gören çaga birden diňdi. The child stopover meýdan düşelgesi field-camp Meýdan stopped crying suddenly after he saw his düşelgämizde bar goşlarymyzy goýup töweregimiz mother. bilen tanyşdyk. We set up camp and Ýarawsyz çaga diňmän aglaýardy. Sick baby was reconnoitred our surroundings. Brigada crying endlessly.; parahatlyk 2 [para:hatlyk] n düşelgede aşpez bilen kömekçisi nahar bişirmek calm, peace; peselmek 3 cf: peseltmek. v to üçin galdylar. The cook and his helper stayed in calm down, drop Şemal peselýär. The wind is the camp to cook.; lager 1 ['lager] n camp dropping. {wind}; rahat 1 [ra:hat] n calm, meýdanda lager gurmak to camp in a field lager quiet rahat ýer quiet place Gijäňiz rahat bolsun! gurmak to camp; lager 2 ['lager] n camp Good night! comp. rahat düşek comp. rahat demokratik lager the pro-democracy camp oturgyç ; ynjalyk [y:njalyk] n calm, peace, diktatorçylyk lageri those favouring tranquillity Ol maňa köp wagtlap ynjalyk totalitarianism; lager 3 ['lager] n camp harby bermedi. He didn't leave me in peace for a long lager army/military camp ýesirleriň lageri prison time. ynjalykdan gaçmak to worry (about), to be camp; ýurt 3 [ýu:rt] n camp, home, worried/anxious (about) ynjalyk dan gaçyrmak accommodation Biz dagyň eteginden ýurt tutduk. to disturb/worry someone; ynjalykly 1 We camped by the edge of the mountain. täze [y:njalykly] adj calm, quiet, tranquil ynjalykly ýurda göçmek to move to a new house comp. adam calm person ynjalykly oturmak to sit ýurt sökmek comp. ýurt ýykan tranquilly campaign uruş 2 n campaign Talyplar AIDS calm_down gaharyň gaçmak (comp. of gaçmak) keseline garşy uruş yglan etdiler.; ýöriş 2 [ýöri:ş] to calm down; köşeşmek 1 cf: köşeşdirmek. v n march, campaign haçly ýöriş The Crusades to calm down Ol suw içenden soň köşeşdi He can zir-zibil salynýan ýaşyk 1 (comp. of zir- calmed down after drinking a water zibil) trash can {Amer} calmness arkaýynlyk 1 n calmness, peacefulness, can_keep_a_secret agzyna berk (comp. of agyz) quietness Çaýy arkaýynlyk bilen içmeli. Tea good at keeping secrets; agzyna pugta (comp. should be drunk calmly. Işimi tamamlamsoň, of agyz) good at keeping secrets maňa arkaýynlyk aralaşdy. After I finished my work, a calmness came over me. cancellation goýbolsun adv cancellation comp. captive bendi n captive; ýesir 1 [ýesi:r] n goýbolsun etmek prisoner, captive Ol hem şäheriň aýallary, cancer düwnük n cancer of the gullet {medical} ýesirleri bilen bile sürüldi. He was also driven along with the women and prisoners of the candle şem n candle city. Men siziň şeýda sesiňiziň ýesiri. I'm a cane gamyş n cane, rush, reed şeker gamşy sugar- prisoner to your charms. cane gamyş jeňňeligi reeds, reed-bed

capture ele düşürmek2 (comp. of el) to capture cannot_say dili barmazlyk (comp. of dil1) adj Şu köýnek arzan hem elinjek elime düşdi. I got cannot say, cannot add Şu meseläni täzeden this dress cheap and easily. Esger özüni gozgamaga indi dilimem baranok. Now I can not duşmanyň eline düşürmejek bolup, tankyň say anything new that touches on this aşagyna oklady. the soldiger jumped under the problem.; dilim aýlananok (comp. of dil1) I tank in order not to be captured by enemy.; cannot say, I am not able to utter Erbet zatlary eýe bolmak (comp. of eýe) to capture, to get aýtmaga meniň dilim aýlananok. I cannot say Ol häkimiýete eýe boldy. He captured the bad things. government. cap papak n cap papagyň gaşy cap peak papak captured eýelenmek v to be captured, be taken geýmek to put on a cap papagyňy çykarmak to car awtomobil [awtomo'bil] n car, auto-mobile; put off a cap Beýleki çopanlaryň tiken papak, maşyn 2 [maşy:n] n car, vehicle ýük ey lorry, şlýapa, kepka, silindr..... The great shepherd's fi:Amer truck maşyna münmek to get on/in a thorn cap, sun hat, cap, ? ... lorry; to get in a car maşyndan d üşmek to get capable zor 4 [zo:r] n capable, good zor adam off the lorry; to get out of the car maşyn capable person Ol matematikadan zor He is goýulýan ýeri car park, place for parking one's good at mathematics. zoruňy görkezmek to car display one's strength comp. zor etmek

car_park park3 1 n car park maşyn parky car park capacity kuwwat 3 [kuwwa:t] n power, capacity, caravan kerwen n caravan (of camels) Beýik rating, output kuwwaty ýüz at güýji bolan maşyn Ýüpek ýolunda her dürli kerwenler gatnapdyr. hundred horsepower engine (sem. domains: There were different kind of caravans in the 6.6.8.1 - Working with electricity.) {physics} great Silk Way. capital kapital 1 [kapitail] cf: maýa goýum, caravanserai kerwensaraý n caravanserai baýlyk. n capital, liquid assets dolanyşyk Täjirler uzak ýola çykanlarynda çölde kapitaly circulating capital üýtgemeýän kapital kerwensaraý gurupdyrlar. Merchants built constant capital senagat kapitaly industrial caravanserai in the desert when they set off to capital; paýtagt [pa:ýtagt] n capital paýtagt long way. [An inn with stables for horses and şäher capital city, metropolis Aşgabat camels.] Türkmenistanyň paýtagty. Ashgabat is the capital of Turkmenistan. carcass läş 2 n carcass soýlan goýun läşi carcass of a sheep capitalist kapitalistik adj capitalist, capitalistic kapitalistik döwletler capitalist countries card bilet 2 [bi'let] n card agzalyk bileti kapitalistik jemgyýet capitalist society membership card; kart n card, playing card Meniň dostum köp wagtyny karta oýnap geçirýär. capricious näzli 2 adj capricious, wilful näzli My friend spends a lot of time playing cards.; çaga wilful child kartoçka 1 n card katalog kartoçkasy index card captain serkerde cf: ofiser. n captain, commander, military warlord care alada cf: iş, ünji; alada. n care, worry, carelessness biagyrylyk [bia:gyrylyk] n light- anxiety, trouble, problem comp. iş-alada comp. heartedness, carelessness, 'no worries'; ünji-alada ; ätiýaçlyk 2 cf: rezerw, çykalga, perwaýsyzlyk [perwa:ýsyzlyk] n carelessness, haryt, predmet, sapak, dersi, şaýlar, zapas, light-heartedness; indifference perwaýsyzlyk zat. n care; garaşyk n care, attention garaşyk bilen garamak to treat something with etmek to support, help, take care (of); perwaý indifference perwaýsyzlyk etmek to show one's [perwa:ý] n care, trouble, attention perwaý indifference (to) etmezlik not to pay attention; seresap caress höre-köşe [hö:re-kö:şe] n caress, [seresa:p] n care seresap(ly) bolmak take care endearment, kindness höre-köşe etmek to caress, seresap bol! take care, look out!; usullyk 1 care fondle, pet; calm, quiet, soothe Aýnaň ýüzüni düwaýmäýin diýip usullyk bilen cargo ýük 1 n freight, cargo, load ýük ýüklemek to süpürdüm. Täze köýnegimi ýyrtaýmaýyn diýip load up ýüki düşürmek to unload ýük gämisi usullyk bilen geýdim. Stakanly korobkaň daşynda cargo boat, freighter "usullyk bilen", diýen ýazgy bardy. Gyzym ýatyr caring_person aladaçyl n a caring person diýip gapyny usullyk bilen açdym. carpenter agaç ussasy (comp. of ussa) joiner, carefree pikirsiz 1 adj light-hearted, carefree, carpenter Aýal doganym durmyşa çykanda agaç careless pikirsiz adam carefree person ussaň ýanyna baryp onyň oňaran iň owadan careful aladaly 2 adj careful, thoughtful; ägä adj sandygyny aldyk. Mälik Gökje agaç ussasy, onyň careful, watchful ägä bol! Be careful!; ätiýaçly oňaran dutarlary Mary iline belli.; neçjar n [ätiýa:çly] adj careful ätiýaçly hereket etmek to carpenter act carefully ätiýaçly bolmak to be careful carpet_knife keser n knife keser bilen kesmek to ätiýaçly adam careful person; gamkeş adj cut thread [Curved, used in carpet-making for careful gamkeş adam careful person; habardar cutting knots.; with a special knife, after tying a 3 [habarda:r] adj careful, cautious habardar knot while weaving a carpet] boluň! take care! be careful! carpet_pattern göl [gö:l] n carpet design, pattern carefully aýawly adv carefully; ünsli adv carriage wagon [wa'gon] n carriage, car ikinji carefully, attentively, with concentration ünsli klasly wagon second class carriage ýolagçy diňlemek to listen carefully/attentively ünsli wagony ýük wagony asman ýoluň wagony cable bolmak to be considerate car {train} careless başdansowma adj careless, negligent carriageway şaýoly [şa:ýo:ly] n main road, başdansowmalyk carelessness, negligence prospect, avenue, carriageway Ýaltanyň özi başdansowma eden işlerine büdreýär. A lazy person's careless work, makes carried gümra [gümra:] adj carried away (by, him stumble.; dertsiz adj careless, care-free, with), keen (on) gümra bolmak to be carried light-hearted dertsiz bolmak to be care-free; away, take a great interest (in) ätiýaçsyz [ätiýa:çsyz] adj careless; ýüzi galyň carrot käşir n carrot käşir ekmek to sow carrot

(comp. of galyň1) careless Palawyň käşiri köp bolsa, süýji bolýar. Pilau is carelessly perwaýsyz [perwa:ýsyz] adv delicious when it has many carrots. carelessly; carelessly, light-heartedly; carry daşamak 1 v to pull, drag, transport, carry, indifferently, with indifference perwaýsyz bear suw daşamak to fetch water haltalary garamak to treat something indifferently/with daşamak to carry sacks el bilen daşamak to hand indifference carry {colloq} carry_out bitirmek 1 v to carry out, fulfil, do ýaly bolup ýaşamak comp. pişik basyşyny (write, etc.) Ýaş oglanlar gullyk borjyny bitirmek etmek comp. pişik ýuwnuşyny etmek üçin harby bölüme bardylar. Ejemiň sargap giden catapult ýaý 2 [ýa:ý] n catapult, slingshot işlerini bitirenimden soň, deňduşlarym bilen catastrophe heläkçilik 1 n catastrophe, disaster, oýnamaga çykdym.; geçirmek 11 v to carry out, accident, emergency demir ýol heläkçiligi fulfil durmuşa geçirmek to carry out, fulfil, bring railway accident heläkçilik çekmek to die comp. into life comp. başdan geçirmek2 comp. biri- ýol heläkçiligi birinden geçirmek comp. bokurdakdan catch duzaga salmak (comp. of salmak) v to geçirmek comp. durmuşa geçirmek comp. catch; gapmak 1 v to catch topy gapmak to geçirýän işlikler comp. gözden geçirmek comp. catch the ball gapyp almak to catch say. Düýe itden geçirmek köşegini gowy görse,hem deper, hem gapar say. cart araba cf: furgon. n cart, wagon at araba Düýe köşegini gowy görse,hem deper, hem horse and cart söweş araba chariot comp. el gapar comp. gözüňi gapmak comp. sesiňi araba gapmak ; penjä salmak (comp. of penje) v to cart_driver arabakeş n cart driver catch; tutmak 1 v to catch, grab, touch at tutyp carve oýmak2 [o:ýmak] v to carve, hollow out şagyrmak to call someone's name and invite göz agajy oýmak to hollow out a tree comp. öňünde tutulmak be considered comp. tutmak gözlerini oýmak tutmak case düşüm n case ýeňiş düşüm accusative case catch_cold sowuklamak v to have a cold, catch a

{grammar}; heýkel2 n leather case for prayer cold book; iş 3 cf: alada, ünji; alada. n case, cause catch_up aýak goşmak (comp. of aýak) to march biriniuň garşysyna iş gozgamak to bring an action in step; to catch up with someone (learn the against somebody, instigate proceedings ropes) aýak ýalaňaç barefoot against somebody {legal} comp. Bu günki işiňi catch-up ýetmek 4 v to catch up, reach yzyndan ertä goýma! say. Galan işe gar ýagar comp. iş- ýetmek to catch up; overtake comp. Ol ýetipdir. alada ; ýanbukja cf: çemodan. n suitcase, category kategoriýa [kata'goriýa] cf: dereje. n case, briefcase category kategoriýasyny bellemek to define the cash nagt pul (nagt) cash nagt pul bilen tölemek to category of something at kategoriýasy noun pay in cash category {grammar} cashier kassaçy cf: gaznaçy. n cashier bank Catholic katolik [ka'tolik] n (Roman) Catholic kassaçysy bank teller Jeren mekdepde kassaçy Pasha baýramyny bellemäge katolik bolup işleýär. Jeren works as a cashier at school. ybadathanasyna köp adamlar ýygnandylar. Many Caspian Hazar n Caspian Hazar deňzi Caspian Sea people gathered in the Catholic cathedral to (sem. domains: 9.7.2.1 - Names of countries.) celebrate the Easter holiday. cassette kasseta n cassette tape, tape-recording, Caucasian kawkaz n Caucasian Kawkaz halky tape Biz toýumyzyň kassetasyny ýitirdik. We have örän gaharjaň halk. Caucasian people are very lost the tape of our wedding-party. agressive. (sem. domains: 4.1.2 - Types of cast sowurmak 2 v to cast people.) castle saraý 1 n castle, palace cauldron gazan [ga:zan] n cauldron bir gazan castrate biçmek2 v to castrate, geld palaw one cauldron plow gazan atarmak to strat cooking [large cooking pot (generally used cat pişik n cat pişik çagasy kitten comp. çaga outside)] pişigiň güni ýaly ýaşamak comp. it bilen pişik cause bahana n cause, reason, excuse, pretext, relatives so as to celebrate my birthday.; ground bir bahana bilen under/on the pretext of toýlamak v to celebrate Toý toýlasyn! May the Ýaz aýynda bahana bilen joralarymy alyp gök celebrations be wonderful! meýdana çykdyk. During spring my female celebration dabara 1 n celebration, festivity, friends and I had a good reason to go to a feast maşgala dabarasy family celebration meadow (for a picnic). Bir iş bilen şähere cell gabawhana 1 [ga:bawha:na] n prison cell baranymda, bahana bilen babamlara Polis ony tutup gabawhana saldy. The police myhmançylyga bardym. When I went to town for arrested him and placed him in a cell; öýjük 2 something, I had a pretext for going to see my n cell beýni öýjükleri brain cells {biology} comp. grandfather's family. Nurgeldi ekskursiýa arynyň öýjügini gorjamak comp. belanyň gidende, bahana bilen gämä münüp gördi. When öýjügi comp. ol akylyň öýjüji Nurgeldi went on an excursion he had an cellar ýer zemin n cellar excuse for experiencing a boat trip.; ýetmek 8 cemetery gabrystan [gabrysta:n] n cemetery, v to cause comp. Ol ýetipdir. graveyard, burial-ground; gonamçylyk caution ätiýaç [ätiýa:ç] n caution, care, [go:namçylyk] n to cemetery, graveyard, burial carefulness, fear ätiýaç üçin to be on the safe ground, mosque-yard; mazarystan side, in case ätiýaç etmek to be afraid (of), fear [maza:rysta:n] cf: mazarlyk. n cemetery; ätiýajy elden bermezlik to be careful; usullyk 2 öwlüýä 1 n cemetery, graveyard caution Agyr ýüki usullyk bilen düşürdiler. Saça central asyl 2 adj original, core, central, main sepilýan enjamlarynda "usullyk bilen, ýangyna 1 asyl many central meaning howply" diýilip belgi bar. Gije ýagyş ýaganda maşyny haýal hem usullyk bilen sürmeli. Central_Asia Orta Aziýa [orta a:zyýa] n Central Tanamaýan adamlaryň bilen usullyk bilen Asia (sem. domains: 9.7.2.2 - Names of gürleşmeli. regions.) cave gowak 2 n cave, den centre merkez 1 n centre şäher merkezi town centre senagat merkezi industrial estate, caviar işbil n caviar bekre işbili sturgeon caviare industrial centre merkezde ýaşamak to live in cavil yrsaramak [yrsa:ramak] v to cavil (at), to the centre {Brit} comp. töweregiň merkezi carp (at), to nag, to find fault (with), to comp. üns merkezinde bolmak ; merkezi adj complain persistently biderek zat üçin centre, central, main şäheriň merkez köçeleri yrsaramak to carp at nothing ol her bir söze central/main streets of a city merkezi ýyladyş yrsaraýar he cavils at every word sistemasy central heating system merkezi nerw cease diňmek 2 [di:ňmek] v to become silent, sistemasy central nervous system Merkezi stop, cease Harasat diňdi. Torrent stopped. Komitet Central Committee; ýürek 4 n centre, Köçeden gelýan goh-galmagal birden diňdi. The heart comp. açyk ýürek comp. ak ýürek comp. noise which comes from the street suddenly arslan ýürek comp. düň (daş) ýürek comp. stopped. Aýdyp duran magnitofon öz-özinden ýürege düşmek comp. ýürege düwmek comp. diňdi. The tape-recorder stopped itself. ýürege jüňk bolmak comp. ýüregi atyň kellesi ceiling potolok [pata'lok] n ceiling beýik ýaly comp. ýüregi bire baglamak comp. ýüregi potolokly high-ceilinged pes potolokly low- ýuka comp. ýüregini çişirmek comp. ýüregini ceilinged ýarmak comp. ýüregiň agzyňa gelmek comp. celebrate bellemek 2 v to celebrate, remember, ýüregiň bulanmak comp. ýüregiň gysmak mark the occasion Doglan günümi bellemek üçin comp. ýüregiň müňküldemek comp. ýüregiň dogan-garyndaşlary çagyrdym. I invited my ýerine gelmek comp. ýürek awamak comp. ýürek bermek comp. ýürek daş baglamak clothes Ýuwnanyňdan soň çalşyrynmak gerek.; centre_of ortasyna (comp. of orta) to the centre çalyşmak 2 v to change, buy a new maşynyňy (of) çalyşmak to buy a "new" car Men telefonymy çalyşdym. I changed my phone.; çekdirmek 2 v century asyr n century to change jähek çekdirmek to change someone's certain_number_of pylança [pyla:nça] adj a perspective; gaýtargy 3 n change gaýtargy certain number of... , several, some pylança gün bermek to give (someone) change Gaýtargy several days pylança adam gelse if a certain gerek däl. Keep the change.; özgeriş n change number of people come... uly özgerişler great changes düýpli özgerişler certainly elbetde adj certainly, of course, to be radical changes; özgermek cf: özgertmek. v to sure elbetde, ol geler. Of course he will come. change Ýagdaý özgedi. The situation has elbetde, şatlyk geler. Of course joy will come. changed. Onuň ýüzi-güzi özgerdi. His expression certificate şahadatnama 2 [şaha:datna:ma] n changed.; üýtgemek 1 cf: üýtgetmek. v to certificate, license sürüjilik şahadatnama driving change Durmuşymyz bütinleý üýtgedi. Our life license has completely changed.; üýtgeşiklik 2 n chaff harpyk n chaff, husks pagta çigidiniň change, amendment üýtgeşiklik girizmek to make harpygy husks of cotton seeds; ýarma [ýa:rma] changes; üýtgeşme n change, addition, n chaff ýarma tüwi rice chaff supplement üýtgeşme girizmek to make changes chain zülpe n door chain, latch, catch, bolt önümçilige üýtgeşme girizmek sungata üýtgeşme gapynyň zuti door chain, latch of a door getirmek Biziň durmuşymyzda üýtgeşme ýok.; gapynyň zutini ildirmek to chain the door, to üýtgetmek cf: üýtgemek. v to change beren latch the door; zynjyr n chain zynjyr bilen wadaňy üýtgetmek pikiriňi üýtgetmek to change daňmak to chain, to tie with a chain iti one's mind zynjyryndan boşatmak to unchain a dog change_into öwrülmek 1 v to turn, change, turn chair oturgyç cf: stul. n chair oturgyçda oturmak into saga öwrülmek to turn right bärik öwrülmek to sit on a chair; stul cf: oturgyç. n chair turn towards aňryk öwrülmek turn away Ol chairman ýolbaşçy 3 [ýo:lbaşçy] cf: direktor. n yzyna öwrüldi. He turned back. comp. diliň chairman öwrülmezlik chairmanship başlyklyk n chairmanship, changed üýtgedilmek 1 v to be changed, to be presidency (of a council) Täze goýlan başlyk, reformed Jaýyň daşky görnüşi üýtgedilipdir. başlyklyk wezipesini gowy ýerine ýetirýär. The Wokzalyň içi üýtgedilipdir. newly appointed boss carries out his channel akdyrmak 1 v to let something flow, let chairmanship duties well. something run, channel (a stream) Daýhan chalk hek 1 n chalk hek bilen ýazmak to write kölüň suwuny pese akdyrdy. The farm worker with a piece of chalk channelled the pond's water downhill.; bogaz1 1 n channel, gulf Geografiýa sapagynda Bering champion esger 2 n champion, specialist, bogazyny kartada tapanlygym üçin mugallym someone who struggles on behalf of a cause meni ögdi.; geçelge n channel, crossing, edebiýatyn esgeri a specialist in the field of (under)pass pyýadalar üçin geçelge pedestrian literature crossing demir ýol geçelgesi railroad crossing dag change böleklemek 1 [bö:leklemek] v to change, geçelgesi mountain channel gök geçelge Green split 10,000 manat böleklemek To split a 10,000 Channel (i.e. at customs); programma 3 cf: manat note.; çalşyrmak 2 v to change eşik maksatnama, proýekt. n channel birinji çalşyrmak; çalşyrynmak v to change one's programma channel one {TV or radio} biderek samahyllamak to talk nonsense chaotic tertipsiz adj chaotic, lacking discipline, chatter-box lakgy n babbler, chatter-box, prattler lacking order Onuň ogly gaty lakgy, köp gürläp kellämi agyrtdy. chapter bap 1 [ba:p] n chapter Kitap gowy bolsa, His son is babbler, he talked much and made birinji bapdan gyzykly okalýar. If a book is good me headache. the first chapter reads well. chauffer şofýor [şo'por, şaf'ýor] confer: sürüji; character gylyk 1 cf: häsiýet. n character, cf: sürüji. n chauffeur, driver temper, disposition comp. gylygy geň däl comp. cheap arzan [arza:n] adj cheap, inexpensive gylyk-häsiýet comp. Öwrenilen gylyk örkleseň Ysmanak tomusda arzan. Spinach is cheap in the hem durmaz. ; häsiýet cf: gylyk. n character, summer. nature, nature, trait, personality ýaman häsiýet cheaper arzanlamak [arza:nlamak] v to become bad character comp. gylyk-häsiýet comp. hüý- cheaper, fall in price, reduce in price häsiýet ; hüý-häsiýet (comp. of häsiýet) n cheapness arzançylyk [arza:nçylyk] n cheapness, character low price characteristic mahsus [mahsu:s] adj cheat kezzap [kezza:p] n liar, cheat, swindler, characteristic (of), inherent (in) türkmen diline rogue, scoundrel ol ýalançydy hem kezzapdy he mahsus bolan aýratynlyklar the pecularities was a liar and a cheat characteristic of the turkmen language comp. check alabeder 2 [a:labeder] adj check alabeder aýallara mahsus ýagdaýda köýnek check shirt; barlamak 1 [ba:rlamak] v charcoal gor [go:r] n charcoal, coals to check, verify, test, examine Barlap gör! charge töleg 1 cf: wznos. n charge, fee, bill; Check this! Çopan mallaryň saglygyny barlamak zarýadlamak v to charge akkumulýatory üçin mal doktoryny çagyrdy. The shepherd called zarýadlamak to charge the battery {physics} the vet to examine the health of his animals. chargeable muzdly cf: tölegli. adj chargeable, Bu soragy seni barlamak üçin berdim. I gave this requiring payment question to you to test you.; elden geçirmek charity hüşür n charity, alms comp. hüşür-zekat ; (comp. of el) to check Okuwçylaryň hüşür-zekat [hüşür-zeka:t] (comp. of hüşür) n depderlerindäki öý işlerini elden geçirdim. I charitable giving, charity hüşür bermek to give checked the homework in the pupils'

alms; zekat [zeka:t] n charity, alms, dole, notebooks.; küşt2 2 n check küşt bermek to handout [1 in 40 of one's income is to be given check to the king küşt we ýatdyň checkmate to the poor] (sem. domains: 4.9 - Religion.) check_up barlag 1 [ba:rlag] n check-up, {religious} examination, control(s) serhetdäki barlag border charm alaja [a:laja] n charm controls Söwdadan soň galan harydy barlag etdik. After the day's selling was over the charmed maýyl1 [ma:ýyl] adj charmed, remaining goods were checked. fascinated maýyl bolmak to be charmed/fascinated check-in registrasiýa [regi'strasiýa] cf: hasaba almak. n check-in registrasiýa etmek to check-in charpai çarpaýa [ça:rpa:ýa] n charpai çarpaýa registrasiýa geçmek to get past baggage-check galmak to rear up [A wooden-framed bed registrasiýa başlamak for baggage-check to begin popular in Asia.] {airport} chatter lakgyldy adj chatter, twaddle ugursyz cheek çekge n cheek çekge süňki cheek-bone lakgyldy pointless nonsense; samahyllamak v {anatomy}; duluk n cheek dulugyna urmak to to chatter, talk nonsense, drivel, talk rubbish give someone a slap in the face Gyzymyň chew çeýnemek 1 v to chew sakgyç çeýnemek to sowuga dulugy gyzarypdyr. My daughter’s cheek chew chewing-gum has been reddened by the cold. Kasym gaharyna chicken jüýje n chick, chicken, young chicken Kadyryň duluguna urdy. Kasym was angry and Biziň her towugymyz 10-12 sany jüýje çykardy. gave Kadyr a slap in the face. Maral Söhbediň Each of our hens hatched 10-12 chickens. jüýje şarpyldadyp, dulugyna urdy. Maral slapped çykarmak to hatch chickens jüýjäni güýz Sohbet's cheek.; ýaňak n cheek al ýaňaklar rosy sanaşarys don't count your chickens before they cheeks al ýaňakly gyz rosy-cheeked girl, , pink- are hatched Başlyk daýhanlara jüýjäni güýz cheeked girl sanaşkajdygyny aýtdy. The boss said to the cheerful kök1 adj cheerful, happy, in a good farmers don't count your chickens before they mood keýpiň kök bolmak to be in a good mood; are hatched.; towuk n chicken, hen hindi mes 1 adj merry; cheerful comp. mes bolmak towugi turkey chemical himiki adj chemical himiki element child bala [ba:la] cf: çaga. n child, kid 'Meniň chemical element himiki birleşme chemical eziz balam!' diýip enem söýerdi. My mother used compound himiki usulda arassalama dry- to show her love for me by saying, 'My dear cleaning child'. {slg}; çaga [ça:ga] cf: bala. n child (and chemistry himiýa ['himiýa] n chemistry himiýa older baby) ýaş çaga young child çaga kabineti chemistry laboratory dogrulýan öý maternity home çaga ýaly like a child, childish çagalar bagy nursery school, cheque çek 2 cf: baha. n cheque, check çek kindergarten çagalar öýnamak üçin edilen ýer depderçesi cheque book töleg çekini almak children's playground cherish apalamak [a:pa:lamak] v to cherish childhood çagalyk [ça:galyk] n childhood Bu cherry ülje n cherry ülje mürepbesi cherry jam adamyň çagalygy kynçylykdan doludy. This man's {sour} childhood was full of hardships.; oglanlyk n chess-player küştçi n chess-player Meniň childhood olar oglanlykdan tanyş they know doganym küştçüleriň arasynda iň ökdesi. My each other from the childhood brother is the best chess-player. childless zürýatsyz [zürýa:tsyz] adj childless chest döş [dö:ş] n chest, breast döşüne basmak to children gyz-oglan 1 [gy:z-oglan] (comp. of gyz, embrace döş gapyrgalary ribs Mal soýulanda oglan) n children, youth, young people; gyz- birinji bilen bagyr-öýken bilen döş gapyrgalary oglan 2 [gy:z-oglan] (comp. of gyz, oglan) n bişirilýär. When the herd is slaughterd, the children, youth, young people; ogul-gyz [ogul- liver, lungs and ribs are cooked first. Syrkawyň gy:z] n children, kids, descendents Onuň ogul- döş-kletkasyny rentgen suratyna düşürdiler. They gyzy ýok. He has no children. {plural} carried out a chest X-ray of the patient. döşüňe chilli ajy burç (comp. of burç ) chilli, chilli orden dakmak pin a medal on your chest. döş 1 1 pepper, cayenne pepper; ajy burç [a:jy burç] germek to puff out the chest Döş gerip uly 2 n chilli pepper geplemekden başga Batyryň işi ýok. Batyr did nothing but puff out his chest and boast. (sem. chimney turba 2 n chimney domains: 2.1 - Body.) comp. strike the chest by chin alkym n to pick a quarrel with someone boasting comp. alkymyna süýşmek comp. alkymyndan chest_of_drawers şifonýer [şifa'nýe:r] n chest of almak ; eňek 1 n chin Ol elini eňegine diredi. He drawers put his chin in his hands. eňek süňki chin bone Ol duran bir eňek. He is quite talkative. öz eňegiňe tutmak to do just what you said eňegine dogradym. I chopped tomato, cucumber, jaň dakylan ýaly to speak without stopping; cabbage, and onion into small pieces for salad. tumşuk n chin ; kerçelemek v to chop, cut into small pieces China Hytaý n China (sem. domains: 9.7.2.1 - Gije möjek goýunlary kerçeläp taşlapdyr. The Names of countries.) wolf cut sheep into small pieces at night. Chinaman hytaý 1 n Chinese man, Chinaman Christian haçparaz n Christian; hristian n hytaý aýaly Chinese, the Chinese woman (sem. Christian; mesihi [mesi:hi] n Christian domains: 4.1.2 - Types of people.) Christianity haçparazlyk cf: hristianlyk. n Chinese çynmaçyn adj Chinese (sem. domains: Christianity; hristianlyk cf: haçparazlyk. n 4.1.2 - Types of people.); hytaý 2 adj Chinese Christianity hytaý dili Chinese, the Chinese language (sem. Christmas_tree täze ýyl arçasy (comp. of arça) domains: 3.5.3 - Language.) Christmas tree [If people celebrate with a fir chink yş n chink, crack potolokda yş görünýär tree, they probably celebrate New Year's Eve, there is a crack on the ceiling which was a popular festival during Soviet times.] chip uçurmak 5 v to chip, to break the handle off something Gorkyma elimdäki çäýnegi gaçyryp chronology sene 1 n system of chronology, onuň gulpuny uçurdym. Çüýşaň aşzyny batly chronology, era açamda, agzyny uçurdym. Agaç ussaň oňaryp chuck_out zyňmak 2 v to throw away, throw out duran dutaryndan agajyň ownyklary uçurmajak köne küşülleri zyňmak to throw out old bolup haýaldan edýardi. Syrçaly bediräni gaçyryp, clothes/old things {rubbish} comp. telpegiňi syrçasyny uçurdym. comp. başyňdan huşuny göge zyňmak

uçurmak comp. neşesini uçurmak comp. söz churn ýaýmak1 2 [ýa:ýmak] cf: ýaýylmak1,

uçurmak ýaýylmak2. v to churn chisel oýmak1 2 [o:ýmak] n chisel chuwal çuwal 2 n chuwal - a unit for measuring chocolate şokolad [şoko'lad] n chocolate flour, grain, etc. choice saýlantgy adj choice, better, best, special, cigarette çilim n cigarette; hookah, hubble- vintage bubble choir hor1 n choir, chorus cilantro kinza 2 [ki:nza] n cilantro {col} choke bogulmak 1 v to choke, suffocate, pant, be cinema kinoteatr (comp. of kino) cinema, movie strangled (by), gasp (for theatre sesli kino talking pictures, sound-film chonology milady [mila:dy] n Christian kino görmek to watch a film kino sungaty chronology milady ýyly Christian chronology cinematographic art kino ýyldyzy film star kino görüji film-goer, cinema fan choose saýlamak v to choose, select özüňe hünär saýlap almak to choose one's profession; circle öwrüm 2 n circle öwrüm etmek to make a seçmek 2 v to choose circle, move making a circle; tigirlik n circle chop çapmak1 1 v to chop, cut, split agaç çapmak circuit aýlaw 1 n circuit, lap Okuwçylar stadionda to chop wood comp. zyýanyňa çapmak ; bir aýlaw etdiler. The students ran one lap dogramak v to slice, chop, cut up Dograma around the stadium. dogramak üçin barymyz bir saçagyň başyna circular tegelek adj circular tegelek stol circular üýşdik. We all gathered together around one table tablecloth to prepare dograma. Salada circulation dolanyşyk 1 n circulation, pomidory, hyýary, kelemi, sogany maýda movement, traffic dolanyşyga goýbermek to put into circulation/operation Pul dolanyşygy clasp_oneself gysylmak 2 cf: darykmak. v to halkyň üstünden aýlanýar. Money is circulated clasp oneself, press oneself diwara gysylmak to as people move around. hug oneself to the wall circumcise sünnetlemek v to circumcise class klas cf: synp. n class, form ikinji klas circumcision sünnet 1 n circumcision sünnet okuwçysy pupil of the second class, second- etmek to circumcise sünnet toý celebration after former klas ýolbaşçysy form master klas tagtasy circumcision blackboard birinji klasly sürüji first-class driver süýdemdirijiler klasy mammals' class {biology}; circus sirk [sirk] n circus maşgala 3 n class süýdemdirijiler maşgalasy citizen raýat 1 [ra:ýat] cf: graždan. n citizen, mammals {biology} subject Sen haýsy döwletiň raýaty? classic klassyk cf: nusgawy. adj classic klassyk Türkmenistanyň raýaty; şäherli n citizen (of a ýazyjy classic writer; nusgawy [nusga:wy] cf: town), city-dweller, someone who lives in city; klassyk. adj classic watandaş n fellow countryman Ol meniň watandaşym. He's from the same country as me. classmate klasdaş n classmate, someone in the same class city şäher 1 n city, town men şähere barjak I'm going to go into town claw dyrnaçak 1 n claw (of an animal), nail; dyrnak 2 n claw, talon bürgüdiň dyrnagy the civil graždan 2 [graž'dan] cf: raýat. adj civil, talon of an eagle Pişigim dyrnagy bilen halyň civic graždanlaryň borjy civil rights graždan ýüzüni dyrmaýar. My cat is scratching the kodeksi civic code graždan urşy civil war; carpet with its claws. Köçedäki it hem ýarypdyr graždanlyk cf: raýatlyk. adj civil, civilian, hem dyrnagy bilen dyrnaçaklapdyr. The street civic graždanlyk hukuklary civil rights dog bit and scratched. graždanlyk hukugy civil law graždanlyk urşy civil

war; raýatlyk 2 [ra:ýatlyk] cf: graždanlyk. adj clay laý2 1 [la:ý] n clay kerpiç üçin laý clay for civil, civilian, civic raýatlyk hukuklary civil bricks laý taýýarlamak to knead clay; şykgy n rights raýatlyk hukugy civil law raýatlyk urşy clay; toýun n clay civil war clean agartmak 2 [a:gartmak] cf: aklamak. v clan kowum 2 n clan türkmenler birnäçe, dürli clean Sirke gülýaka agardýar. Vinegar cleans a kowumlara bölünýärler Turkmen people traditional brooch.; arassa 1 adj clean; good; separated into many different clans. comp. pure Içimlik suw arassa bolmaly. Drinking water kowum-garyndaş ; urug [uru:g] n clan must be clean. arassa ýüňden dokalan pure wool [everyone in the same fv:urug has one (knitted) arassa altyn pure gold arassa howa identifiable common ancestor] clean air arassa asman clear sky; arassalamak v to clean, refine, brush; peel, scrape pile clansman kowumdaş n fellow-clansman, fellow- arassalamak to clean silkworm cocoons (in tribesman, relative (within an extended family) preparation for making thread); gül-pürçük Ol meniň kowumdaşym. She is my fellow- adj clean, neat, tidy Otagyň içi gül-pürçük The clansman. [Seven generations define one clan] room is clean and tidy.; kirsiz adj clean onuň clap çarpmak v to clap kirsiz ak ýüregi bardy. he had clean white heart; clarify aýdyňlaşdyrmak [a:ýdyňlaşdyrmak] v to päk 1 adj clean päk ýüz clean face comp. päk clarify, specify, define more exactly, clear up ýürekden ; päkize [päki:ze] adj clean, neat, clarity aýanlyk 2 [aýa:nlyk] n clarity tidy päkize geýinmek to dress well; saplamak2 1 clash çakyşmak 2 v to clash, have a violent [sa:plamak] v to clean, sort, cleanse, purify, encounter refine spirti saplamak to purify spirit cleaned arassalanmak v to be cleaned, be bolşuna görä as far as I know comp. öz-özünden refined mälim zat cleaner arassalaýjy n cleaner, refinery pagta clever çakgan adj clever, crafty; düşbi cf: arassalaýjy zawod cotton refining plant; düşgür. adj quick-witted, sharp, bright, süpürüji n cleaner tam süpürüji cleaner shrewd, clever düşbi çaga bright child düşbi cleanliness arassaçylyk 1 n cleanliness, bolmak to be quick-witted; ýiti 4 adj clever, cleanness, neatness jemgyýetçilik arassaçylygy bright, sharp comp. ýiti zehinli comp. ýiti-ýiti public cleanliness cleverness ýitilik 4 n cleverness, quick- clear açyk 2 adj clear açyk asman clear sky {sky} wittedness akylyň ýitiligi quick-wittedness comp. açyk ýüzli ; arçamak v to clear away; client müşderi n client, customer; buyer, ardynjyramak v to clear one's throat; aýan purchaser; sargytçy cf: zakazçy. n client; [aýa:n] adj clear, understood aýan bolmak zakazçy cf: sargytçy. n client become clear Onuň pikiri maňa aýan boldy. It cliff gaýa n precipice, cliff became clear to me what he was thinking. aýan climb çykmak 2 v to climb, go up, ascend daga etmek to make clear, reveal; aýdyň 2 [a:ýdyň] çykmak to climb a mountain comp. aradan adj clear Onuň ýalançydygy aýdan sözünden çykan bolup çykmak comp. ýatdan çykmak aýdyň görnüp dur. It is clear through his speech clinic poliklinika [po'liklinika] n clinic, surgery, that he is a liar. aýdyň pikir clear meaning; out-patients' [The system does not correspond aýyl-saýyl adj clear aýyl-saýyl bolmak to be exactly to that in the West. All patients register clear, become clear aýyl-saýyl etmek to at a clinic, which is responsible for making sure distinguish, differ, make out; dury adj clear, innoculations are carried out etc. There is, pure, transparent, limpid, pellucid aýna ýaly however, no such thing as a general dury as clear as glass dury suw clear water practitioner.] Baýkal kölüniň suwy dury hem süýji. The water cloak örtünje n cloak, cape örtünje atynmak to of Baykal lake is clear and sweet. Şu gün seýil cloak, cover with a cloak, put on a cloak; baga gitmek üçin howa dury. Today the weather ýapynja 1 n cloak, cape, tippet, manlet egniňe is clear to go for a walk. dury pikir clear ýapynja almak to put a cloak on one's shoulder thoughts Leýliniň ýüziniň reňki dury,ýarawsyzlygynyň alamatlary ýokdy. The clock sagat1 1 [sa:gat] n clock, watch goşar complexion of Leyly’s face was clear, she did sagady wrist-watch sagada tow bermek to wind a not have any sign of sickness. dury gözler bright watch, a clock sagat öňde barýar the watch, the eyes Ýüregi gowy adamyň gözleri dury bolýar. clock is fast

People with a sincere heart have bright eyes. close çekmek1 11 [çekmek] v to close, shut, Krantdan akýan suw aýna ýaly dury. The water cover ýorgan çekmek comp. ah çekmek comp. runninig from the tap is as clear as a glass. ahmyr çekmek comp. aýak çekmek comp. ejir Asman dury, ýeke bulut hem ýokdy. The sky is çekmek comp. el çekmek comp. gam çekmek clear and cloudless.; mese-mälim adj clear, comp. hasrat çekmek comp. hor çekmek comp. obvious mese-mälim bolmak to be clear/obvious jeza çekmek comp. keýp çekmek comp. mese-mälim duýulmak to instinctively feel (that); kynçylyk çekmek comp. nala çekmek comp. mälim adj clear, obvious, known mäkiýan zat ýüzüne atanak çekmek comp. zähmet çekmek clear thing mälim etmek to inform, let comp. zyýan çekmek ; dymyk 1 adj close, somebody know size mälimmi? do you know? stuffy, humid, airless, muggy Bu ýeri dymyk. It mälim bolşy ýaly as is well known maňa mälim is stuffy in here. dymyk howa humid weather dymyk otag stuffy room Tamyň içi dymyk dem clothes Sen üst-başyňa seret. alar ýaly däl. The room is stuffy and airless. clothing jul 2 n clothing, dress juluňy täzelemek to Gün gyzyp başlady howa-da dymyk. The sun rose buy a new dress comp. juldan çykmak and the weather was humid. Dymyk howada cloud bulut n cloud Asmandaky pagta ýaly ak ýarawsyz adamlara dem almana kyn bolýar. It is bulutlary synlamany halaýan. Gün buludyň difficult for sick people to breath in humid aharsyndan çykanda ýeriň ýüzi ýagtylyp gitdi.; weather. dymyk sesler muffled sound; gapyk gaplamak 2 [ga:plamak] v to cloud over adj close Garagyň gapykmy? Are your eyes Asmany bulut gaplady. The sky had clouded closed?; ysnyşykly adj close, intimate over. ysnyşykly dostluk close/intimate friendship cloud_over bürelmek v cloud over Dag buluda ysnyşykly arabaglanyşyk close connection; bürelipdir. ýummak v to close, shut gözüňi ýummak close clown masgarabaz [masgaraba:z] n clown, fool, one's eyes; to die comp. göz ýummak buffoon, jester, mocker closed ýapyk 1 adj closed, shut ýapyk mejlis club klub n club biziň mekdebimizde gyzlar kluby closed meeting comp. ýapyk bogun bar there is girls club in our school closely jebis adv in earnest, strongly, closely, in clumsy emelsiz adj lacking in skill, clumsy close relationships gapyny jebis ýapmak to close a door tightly, board up a door Biziň halkymyz cluster hoşa1 [ho:şa] n cluster, bunch (of grapes) jebis ýaşaýar. Our people live in close üzüm hoşasy bunch of grapes relationships. cluster_of_shoots gämik n cluster of shoots, new cloth mata [mata:] n cloth, fabric ýüpek matalar growth

silks nah mata cotton fabric; parça1 n material, coach repetitor n coach repetitor bolup işlemek fabric, cloth ýüpek parça silk cloth coast gyra 2 n coast, shore, bank deňziň gyrasy clothe geýdirmek 1 v to put something on seashore someone, dress, clothe someone çaganyň egin- coat don 1 [do:n] n long coat, robe (traditionally eşigini geýdirmek to put on child's clothes worn by men in Central Asia) gyrmyzy don red {colloq} robe Öýlenýän ýigit egnine gyrmyzy don, başyna clothes egin-eşik n clothes egin-eşigiňi çykarmak ak silkme telpek, aýagyna aýnagonç ädik geýdi. to undress, take off one's clothes egin-eşigiňi The groom wore a red robe, a big hat, and arassalamak to clean clothes; eginbaş n clothes, chosen boots. [dolman - a long robe open in garments eginbaş asylýan jaý wardrobe (piece of front] comp. ajal donyny geýmek comp. dony furniture); esbap 3 [esba:p] n clothes, attire, biçilmek comp. gara donly bolmak ; palto apparel toý esbaplary wedding clothes ok-ýarag [pal'to] n coat palto geýmek to put on a coat esbaplary attire of weapon; eşik n clothes, (sem. domains: 5.3 - Clothing.) {knee-length clothing Eşigiňi çalşyr! Change your clothes! winter coat}; possun n sheepskin coat eşigiňi çykarmak to undress, take off one's cock horaz n cock, rooster horaz jüýje cockerel, clothes täze eşik new clothes içki eşik night young cock horaz kekeji cockscomb horaz urşy clothes daşky eşikler out clothes atyň eşigi the cock-fighting clothes of horse; geýim n clothes, clothing, cockroach garasaçakçy n cockroach, black- dress içki geýim underwear, underclothes harby beetle; saçakçy n cockroach, black-beetle geýim uniform çaga geýimi children's clothes cocoon pile [pi:le] n cocoon pile sotrlamak to sort erkekleriň geýimi men's clothes; üst-baş n cocoon pile sortlaýjylar cocoon sorters pile clothes üst-başyňy hapalamak to soil one's arassalamak to clean cocoons (in preparation for making thread) pile saramak ykjamlamak v to collect, prepare, make coffee kofe n coffee kofe içmek to have some something ready oglanlar zatlaryny ykjamlap coffee kofe gaýnadylýan gap coffee percolator goýdylar the boys got their things together; ýygmak 3 v to collect odun ýygmak to collect coffin tabyt [ta:byt] n coffin, bier tabydy firewood comp. agzyňy ýygmak götermek to carry a coffin collection ýygym n collection, harvest hasyl cognitive aňly 2 adj cognitive ýygymy harvest's gathering in; harvest time co-heir mirasdaş n co-heir, joint inheritor pagta ýygymy cotton-picking ýygym coil külterlemek v to coil, wind up ýüpi kampaniýasy harvest compaign külterlemek to coil a rope collective kollektiw [kollek'tiw] adj collective, coin şaýy n coin; teňňe 1 n (silver) coin 1 joint kollektiw hojalyk collective farm kollektiw cold çigremek v to grow (slightly) cold Güýzüne eýeçilik joint ownership howa çigräp başlaýar. In autumn the weather collective_farm daýhan birleşik n collective begins to turn cold. farm colic sanjy 1 n colic, gripes, pain sanjy döremek collective_farmer kolhozçy cf: daýhan. n for a colic to appear collective farmer, agricultural labourer collaboration hyzmatdaşlyk n co-operation, kolhozçylar öýüne dolandylar farmers returned collaboration ýakyn hyzmatdaşlykda in close to their homes collaboration collector ýygnaýjy n collector salgyt ýygnaýjy tax collapse dagamak 2 v to fall down, collapse, fall collector out, be destroyed Jaý dagady. The house fell collide çakyşmak 1 v to collide, have an accident down. Seljuk imperiýasy X111 asyrda dagady. colloquial gepleşik 3 n colloquial gepleşik dili The Seljuk empire collapsed in the 13th colloquial (language, conversation) gepleşik stili century. ; ýykylmak 1 v to collapse, fall down, colloquial style {grammar} fall over, become destroyed, be demolished, be colonel polkownik [pol'kownik] n colonel wrecked, be ruined jaý ýykylypdyr the house has fallen into ruin comp. aýagyna ýykylmak color reňk 3 n color [US English] comp. bugdaý comp. gülüp, kese ýykylmak reňk adam comp. reňki gaçmak comp. reňkki agarmak comp. reňkki öçmek collar ezenek n collar ezeneginden tutmak to take by the scruff of the neck, to collar; hamyt colostrum owuz n colostrum; beestings sygryň [ha:myt] n collar, harness (of a horse); ýaka n owzy beestings of a cow collar, neckband köýnegiň ýakasy shirt collar colour boýamak v to colour, paint, dye, stain, ýakasyndan tutmak to seize by the collar comp. make up Saçymy hna boýamagy dellek maslahat gülýaka comp. ýaka tutmak comp. ýaka berdi. Kanwa sapaklaryny boýamak üçin ýyrtmak comp. ýaka ýyrtyşmak comp. bazardan boýag getirdim. Goýynyň ýüňini boýap ýakasyny tanadan keçe dokaýarlar. comp. kirpikleriňi boýa ; reňk colleague işdeş [i:şdeş] n work-mate, colleague; 2 n colour gyzyl reňk red colour Meýdan häzir kärdeş n colleague Men onuň bilen ençeme ýyl ýaşyl reňkde. The fields are green at the kärdeş bolup işledim. I worked with him as moment. comp. bugdaý reňk adam comp. reňki colleague for many years. gaçmak comp. reňkki agarmak comp. reňkki öçmek ; reňkli 3 adj colour reňkli film colour collect çöplemek v to collect, pick, gather odun film reňkli surat colour photography çöplemek to collect firewood suwa gaçan teňňeleri çöplemek kömelek çöplemek; coloured reňkli 1 adj painted, coloured reňkli pol come running Gyş geldi. Winter has set in.

painted floor reňkli mebel painted furniture [the comp. aglasyň gelmek comp. alyp gelmek1

traditional colour to paint a floor in comp. duş gelmek comp. emele gelmek2 comp. Turkmenistan is reddish-brown] gaçyp gelmek comp. gaharyň gelmek comp. column kolonka 1 [ka'lonka] cf: sütün. n geljege umyt comp. göwne gelmek comp. göz column (of words) alty kolonkadan ybarat gazet öňüne gelmek comp. gülesiň gelmek comp. sahypasy a newspaper page with six columns laýyk gelmek comp. özüňe gelmek comp. ylgap gelmek comp. ýatasyň gelmek comp. ýöräp comb darak n comb saç daragy hairbruush ýüň gelmek daragy wool brush dokma daragy weaving brush/comb; daraklamak v to comb saçyňy come_across duşmak 3 [du:şmak] v to come

daraklamak to comb one's hair; daramak2 across Men örän gowy sözlüge duşdum. I have [daramak] v to comb, to card (wool or cotton); met to good dictionary. Gowy kitaba duşmak uly daranmak v to do one's hair, comb one's hair; baýlyk tapanyň ýalydyr. To meet to good book ýüňdarak n comb, comb for wool ýüňdarakda as you found big treasure. ýüň daralýar wool is combed on a comb for a come_alive oýanmak 2 cf: oýandyrmak. v to wool come alive Tebigat oýanýar. Nature comes alive. combine birikdirmek [bi:rikdirmek] v to come_off gopmak v to come unstuck, fall off or combine, join, unite, connect, put through out, come off Kärhanalary birikdirmek üçin, birgiden kepilnama come_out çykmak 3 v to come out, be published, we şertnamalary taýynlamaly. Iki tok symy be printed, be issued Sözlügiň birinji tomy öten birikdirmek üçin, eliňe ýörite ellik geýmeli. ýyl çykdy. The first volume of the dictionary Okuwçylaň sany azlygy sebapli, iki synpy was published last year. Täze gazet çykdy. A

birikdirmeli.; guramak1 v to combine, sew some new newspaper has come out. comp. aradan pieces together; kombaýn [kom'baýn] n çykan bolup çykmak comp. ýatdan çykmak combine (harvester), multi-purpose machine come_to_conclusion netije çykarmak (comp. of galla kombaýny combine harvester; sapmak 3 v çykarmak1) v to come to a conclusion Sen to combine; to spin inçe sapagy ýogyn sapaga meniň aýdan teklibimden nähili netije çykardyň? sapmak to combine the thin thread with the What conclusion did you come to about my thick one comp. iňňä sapaýmaly ; suggestion? umumylaşdyrmak 2 [umu:mylaşdyrmak] v to come_to_end aýaklamak v to come to an end combine, gather together into one larger group come_to_naught puç bolmak (comp. of puç) to önümçiligi umumylaşdyrmak hususy eýeçiligi come to naught/nothing umumylaşdyrmak; utgaşdyrmak v to combine Mekdebiň üç topar birinji synplaryny utgaşdyruyp come_to_senses aýňalmak 2 v to come to one's bir ertekini sahnalaşdyrdylar. Men teoriýa bilen senses Huşuny ýitiren zordan aýňaldy. It is törgenleşigi utgaşdyrmak üçin okadym hem şol difficult to come to one's senses after losing urdan işledim. Demlenen çaý narpyz bilen consciousness. utgaşdyrmak üçin on minutlyk basyrmaly. come_undone çözülmek 1 v to come undone, be combined ýygyndy adj combined ýygyndy untied, be unravelled Düwün çözüldi. The knot komanda combined team came undone. come_upon basmarlamak v to come upon come gelmek 1 cf: gelişmek2. v to come, arrive otly bilen gelmek to come by train alyp gelmek to Döwleti agyr uky basmarlady. A deep sleep came bring, come carrying something ylgap gelmek to upon Dowlet. Ony garrylyk basmarlaýar. Old age has come upon him. commission sargamak v to commission, order, comfort göwünlik n comfort göwünlik bermek to charge ol maňa köýnek saragady he comfort, console, calm; köşeşdirmek cf: commissioned me to buy a shirt for him köşeşmek. v to comfort, calm (someone) down, commitments ýük 4 n commitments, obligations quieten, soothe, to set someone' s mind at rest Meniň ýüküm agyr. I have a lot of commitments. Sara Jennedi köşeşdirdi. Sarah calmed Jane committee komitet n committee ýerli komitet down.; teselli n comfort, relief, resolution, local committee Meniň dostum Howpsuzlyk satisfaction komitetinde işleýär. My friend works at the comfortable kaşaň adj comfortable, beautiful, Safety committee. nice, elegant, attractive, picturesque kaşaň jaý common bitewi cf: bitin. adj common, beautiful house Biziň gözel Aşgabadymyzda gün- indivisible, inseparable ykdysadyýetiň bitewi günden kaşaň jaýlaryň sany artýar. In our ugry; ortalyk adj common, public ortalyk mal beautiful Ashgabat the number of beautiful public property; umumy [umu:my] adj buildings increases daily.; oňaýly 1 adj common, general, whole Liseýiň umumy tertibini comfortable, comfortably oňaýly oturmak to sit bozandyklary üçin Meredow bilen Batyrowa berk comfortably; ykjam 2 adj comfortable, käýenç berdiler. Ýylyň başynda mekdebiň hemme convenient ykjam oturmak to sit comfortably; klaslary ýygnanşyp umumy ýygnagyny geçirdi. ynjalykly 2 [y:njalykly] adj comfortable Mekdep direktory her klasyň umumy okuwçy ynjalykly ýer comfortable place ynjalykly sanyny barlady. oturmak to sit comfortably {physically} commonality umumylyk [umu:mylyk] n comfortably amatly 2 [a:matly] adv comfortably, commonality, (things) in common, (things) conveniently amatly pursat; ornaşykly adj held in general Gürrüňdeşiň bilen hiç hili comfortably ornaşykly oturmak to sit umumylyk ýok bolsa gürrüň alyp barmak kyn. comfortably, to find a comfortable seat/place Joram Ýaponiýada ýaşasada bizde umumylyk coming gelişmek2 cf: gelmek. v arriving kän, ikimizem sungaty, sazy hem saz gural (together), coming Myhmanlar gelişýärler. The pianinony söýaris. Olimpiada geçirlende hemme guests are coming. ýurtlar birigip umumylygy baýramçylyk edip comma otur n comma nokatly otur semicolon belleýarler. {grammar} commotion kyýamat 2 [kyýa:mat] n commotion, command emr command emr etmek ; emr etmek trouble kyýamat goparmak to create a (emr) v to command commotion comp. başyňa kyýamat düşmek commander komandir [koman'dir] cf: serkerde communication aragatnaşyk 2 [a:ragatnaşyk] n baş. n commander, commanding officer communication, connection aragatnaşyk batalýon komandiri batalion commander; ministrligi the ministry of communication serdarlyk [serda:rlyk] n the profession of being transport aragatnaşygy transport connections; a commander or chief; serkerde baş cf: HB, 1 aragatnaşyk erbet. The (phone) komandir. n commander connection is bad. elektro-aragatnaşyk bölümi telegraph office aragatnaşyk saklamak to commerce kommersiýa cf: telekeçilik. n maintain relations comp. aragatnaşyk bölümi commerce, trade kommersiýa bilen comp. aragatnaşyk bölüminiň işgäri comp. meşgullanmak to be involved in commerce; aragatnaşyk bükjalar telekeçilik cf: kommersiýa. commerce, trade commute gatnamak 1 v to go to and fro, commute, attend Men mekdebe maşynly gatnaýaryn. I go to school by car. çykdajylaryň öwezini dolmak to refund expenses compact_disk kompakt-disk n compact disk, CD compère tamada n compère, master of kompakt-diskli pleýer compact disk player ceremonies companion hemra 2 [hemra:] n companion, compete bäsleşmek v to compete (with in) rival fellow-traveller; şärik 2 n companion (in) bäsleşip işlemek to compete at work; compare deňemek 1 v to compare, compare to çapyşmak v to compete (with in), contend Meni onuň bilen deňeme. Don't compare him (with for) Oglanlar capyşyp oýnadylar.; with me.; deňeşdirmek v to compare, collate, ýaryşmak [ýa:ryşmak] v to compete (with in), compare to ykdysady görkezijileri deňeşdirmek to contend (with for) ýüzmekde ýaryşmak to take compare economical instructions; deňleşmek v part in a swimming contest ylgamakda to compare (with), be equal (with), to be even ýaryşmak to take part in a race

Hiç kim onuň bilen deňleşip bilmez. He has no competent dile düşgür (comp. of dil1) adj equals. competent Dile düşgür adama bir ümläňde comparison görä 1 post in/by comparison with, düşünýär. A competent man undertands from as compared (with) Çen maňa görä has the first word.; habardar 2 [habarda:r] adj güýçlüräksiň. In comparison with me, you are competent, knowledgeable (about), versed (in), stronger. conversant (with), compassion rehimdarlyk [rehimda:rlyk] cf: competition dalaşgärlik cf: konkurensiýa. n rehimlilik. n compassion rehimdarlyk etmek to competition; konkurensiýa [konkureinsiýa] have compassion, be kind Ol rehimdarlyk edip, cf: dalaşgärlik. n competition olaryň arasynda ýetim çagany hossarlyga aldy. He had telekeçilik konkurensiýa başlandy A business compassion on the orphan and took him under competition had started between them his care. Ondan rehimdarlyga garaşma. Don't competitor dalaşgär cf: konkurent. n expect him to be kind. competitor; konkurent [konku'rent] cf: compassionate rehimli cf: rehimdar. adj dalaşgär. n competitor konkurentler hemişe bir- compassionate, merciful Ol rehimli adam. She is birinden gowy boljak bolup çalyşýarlar a compassionate person rehimli bolmak to be competitors always try to make better than merciful/compassionate each other compatriate ildeş [i:ldeş] n someone (a person) compile düzmek 1 cf: düzlük1. v to form, create, from the same country, compatriate Ildeşlerimiz put together, make up, compose, compile Biz Nowruz baýramyny döwlet derejesinde bellediler. sözlük düzýäris. We're compiling a dictionary. Çompatriates çelebrated Nowruz bayram in the goşgy düzmek to compose a poem Gelin-dyzlar State degree.; ymmat 2 n compatriate, fellow- žurnalyna öz düzen goşgularymy iberdim. I sent countryman comp. Muhammediň ymmaty the poems I composed to the women's magazine. Ejemiň doglan gününe täze aýdym compensate ödemek 1 [ö:demek] v to düzüp gutladym. I congratulated my mother on compensate, pay, cover çykdajyny ödemek to her birthday with a song Icomposed. meýletin cover the expenses toparlary düzmek to form a group of volunteers compensation öwez n compensation, indemnity; täze komanda düzmek to form a new team On damages; replacement; refund, reimbursement iki işgärden ybarat brigada düzdük. A brigade is öwezini dolmak (doldurmak) to compensate, comprised of twelve people. Türkmenleri make up (for); to replace; to reimburse ýiten düzýän gadymy oguzlardyr. Turkmen are wagtyň öwezini dolmak to make up for lost time descended from the ancient Oghuzes. compiler düzüji n compiler, writer, author completely agyn 1 adj completely Onuň eşikleri complain arz etmek v to complain (about), make agyn öl bolupdyr. Her clothes were completely or lodge complaint (about); käýinmek cf: soaked.; bütinleý [büti:nleý] cf: büs-bütin. käýemek. v to complain, tell someone off adv completely, utterly, in full, totally, quite, Garrylar öz ýanlaryndan käýinip, çagalaryndan entirely Durmuş bütinleý özgerdi.; halys 1 nägile bolýarlar. Old people tell themselves off [ha:ly:s] adj totally, completely, very much, and are not satisfied with their children.; entirely, greatly halys ysgyndan düşmek to grow zeýrenmek 1 v to complain kellagyrydan completely weak, lose one's strength Men işläp zeýrenmek to complain of a headache Siz nämä halys boldym. I am fed up with working. zeýrenýärsiňiz? What are you complaining complex kompleks cf: toplum. n complex, set about? saýlawyň kompleks sistemasy a complex system complaint arz n complaint; dat 1 [da:t] n of voting complaint Dat! Damn! comp. dadyna ýetişmek complicated bulaşmak 1 v to be complicated, be comp. dat etmek ; şikaýat [şika:ýat] n confusing; çatak adj complicated, difficult, complaint şikaýat etmek to make a complaint; hard Biziň işimiz çatak. Our work is difficult. zeýrenç n complaint çatak mesele difficult task; çylşyrymly adj complete dolmak 2 [do:lmak] v to complete, fill complicated, involved, difficult çylşyrymly sorag up Olar bellenen plany doldular. They completed complicated question çylşyrymly ýagdaý the agreed plan. comp. damagyň dolmak comp. complicated situation sabyr käsäň dolmak comp. ýüregiň dolmak ; compliment öwünç 1 n compliment, praise doly 2 [do:ly] adj complete, full, whole doly öwünç sözler words of praise orta bilim diploma On klasy tamamlap doly orta comply kanagatlandyrmak 1 bilim attestatyny aldym. After I had completed [kana:gatlandyrmak] v to comply with, satisfy, ten grades I received my accreditation. doly fulfill haýyşy kanagatlandyrmak to comply with ygtyýarly wekil fully authorised representative a request Oba medisina gullugynyň işleýşi Täze jaýa göçýänligim sebäpli ýüregim şatlykdan adamlary kanagatlandyrmaýar. People are not doly. Because we have moved to the new house satisfied with the village medical service. I am really happy. composition düzme n composition düzme Men Mukaddes Kitaplary doly okap cykdym. I ýazmak to write a composition; düzüm n have read the whole of the Sacred Books. Täze composition, ingredients, list, make-up karar bilen biz doly ylalaşýarys. We completely dermanyň düzümi composition of a medicine agree with the latest decision. Gitmeli bolup söz düzümi word list bir düzüm kakadylan filimi doly görüp ýetişmedim. I did not manage to kömelek one measure of dried mushrooms watch the whole film because I had to go. Bazardan bir düzüm ajy gyzyl burç aldym. I Leksiýany doly diňläp,professoryň soraglaryna bought one measure of red chilli from the jogap berdik. We listened to the whole lecture market. suwuň düzümi the composition of water and answered the professor's questions. Ejemiň Bu naharyň düzüminde nämeler bar? What soraglaryna doly jogap berdim. I answered all my ingredients are in this meal? {grammar} mother's questions.; tamam [tama:m] adj comprehend akyl ýetirmek (id. of akyl) to complete, finished, ended; tamamlamak comprehend, understand, grasp [tama:mlamak] v to complete, finish comprehensive hemmetaraplaýyn adj completed tamamlanmak [tama:mlanmak] v to comprehensive, thorough, multi-faceted be completed, be finished, be ended compulsory hökmany [hökma:ny] adj conclusion, conclude nädogry netije wrong compulsory, obligatory, binding hökmany bilim conclusion netijede as a result, thus Biziň işimiz compulsory education hökmany karar binding ahyrynda gowy netije berdi. Our work finally decree yeilded a good result. comp. netije çykmak computer kompýuter n computer Meniň jigim comp. netijä gelmek kompýuterde uruşly oýunlary oýnaýar. My concrete beton [be'ton] n concrete Beton jaýlar brother is always playing a fighting games on gyşda sowuk, tomusda yssy bolýar. Concrete computer buildings are cold in winter and hot in summer. comrades ulug n comrades, good companions condemn ýazgarmak 2 [ýa:zgarmak] v to ulug kişi {literary} condemn ...kanun meni ýazgarsyn. ...let the law comradeship ýoldaşlyk n comradeship, condemn me. partnership, companionship, friendship condition ahwal [ahwa:l] n a person's condition ýoldaşlyk sudy comrades' court ýoldaşlyk Seniň ahwalyň nähili? How are you doing?; hal- duşuşygy friendly/unofficial match {sports} ahwal [ha:l-ahwa:l] cf: hal-ýagdaý. n conceit men-menlik n conceit, selfish ambition condition, situation, life hal-ahwal soraşmak;

men-menlik etmek to give oneself airs, become hal1 1 [ha:l] n condition, state, situation; şert 1 conceited n condition meniň bir şertim bar. I have one condition.; tap [ta:p] adv condition, feeling concern tagalla 2 n concern; ünji cf: ünjiünji comp. tapdan düşmek ; ýagdaý 1 n condition, alada, ünjiünji azar. n concern, trouble ünji state, situation Syrkawyň ýagdaýy gün-günden bolmak to be a reason for concern comp. ünji oňatlaşýar. The patient is getting better day by döretmek comp. ünji-alada comp. ünji-azar day. Ýagdaýyň nähili? How are things? material concerning degişli 2 adj concerning, related to, ýagdaý financial situation adatdan daşary affecting Mediniýete degişli meselelere az üns ýagdaý state of emergency ýagdaýlar gowulaşýar berilýär. tekste degişli soraglar questions related Conditions are improving. to the text conductor dirižýor n conductor horuň dirižýory concert konsert [kan'sert] cf: çykyş. n concert, choir-master orkestriň dirižýory conductor of recital simfonik konsert symphony concert orchestra dirižýoryň taýajygy conductor's baton konsertde bolmak to be at a concert konsert confectioner konditer [kon'diter] n confectioner, bermek to arrange/give a concert pastry-cook konditer önümleri confectionery conclude baglaşmak [ba:glaşmak] v to make, confess boýun almak (comp. of boýun) v to conclude şertnama baglaş to make a treaty, form confess, acknowledge, admit, own up Gyzym an alliance Gurluşyk kärhanasy bilen mekdep, kitaby ýyrtyp, gorkyjyna boýnyna almady. My täze gurluşyk şertnamasyny baglaşdylar. The daughter ripped the book, but because she was construction firm and the school made a new scared she didn't own up to it. Eden işiňi agreement about the new construction project.; boýnyňa alman, başka biriniň üstüne ýapmak jemlemek 4 cf: komplekt. v to conclude, utanç bilar. Başarmajak işiňi boýyn almaly däl. finish, wind up Ol ahyry sözüni jemledi. At last Ýalançy kezzap adam hiç wagt ýalan sözlänini he came to the conclusion of his speech. boýnuna almaýar. conclusion netije 2 [neti:je] n conclusion, confidence arkaýynlyk 2 n confidence decision; result, conclusion, decision netijä gelmek to come to a decision, arrive at a confidently pert adv confidently pert jogap conclusion netije çykarmak to draw a bermek to answer with confidence; ynamly 2 cf: ynamdar, ygtybarly, ynançly. adj Research and real-life must be related to each confidently ynamly geplemek to speak other.; çatylgy adj connected internete çatylgy confidently connected to the internet confirm tassyklamak [tassy:klamak] v to connected_with degişli 1 adj belonging to, confirm, acknowledge connected with döwlete degişli baýlyk conflict agzalalyk cf: konflikt. n conflict, clash; connection arabaglanyşyk [a:raba:glanyşyk] n konflikt [kon'flikt] cf: agzalalyk. n conflict, connection, tie, bond, correlation clash biziň klasymyzda hiç haçan konflikt connective baglaýjy adj connective, conjunction döremändi. there have never been any confliict {grammar}; baglaýjy kömekçi (comp. of in our group; tow conflict kömekçi) n connective conform to meet 1 (comp. of dogry) to conform, connectives kömekçi sözler (comp. of kömekçi) correspond, check out Köp ýyllap görmedik connectives, connective words kömekçi sözler kursdaşyma ýolda dogry geldim. I arrived at the sözlemde sözleri birleşdirýärler. in sentences right place when visiting my old classmate, connective words connect words. who I hadn't seen for ages. conquer basmak 3 v to conquer 1327-nji ýylda confuse aljyratmak 1 v to confuse, to throw into Çingiz han Buhara imperiýasyny basyp aldy. In confusion; bulaşdyrmak 1 v to confuse, 1327 Ghengis Khan conquered the Bucharan complicate Ýuwup seren eşiklerimiň barsyny empire. say. Ody öziňe bas-ötmese kesekä şemal bulaşdyrdy. Saçagyň üstüne agdarlan comp. ýüzüne basmak çorbaly jam bar zady bulaşdyrdy. Jorap örip conscience utanç 3 n conscience Şu güne çenli oturan ýumagymy kiçijek pişigimiz bulaşdyrypdyr. Şirinde utanç haýasy barmyka diýdim, ol ejesini confused aljyraňňy 1 adj confused, ýuzgara etdi.; wyždan [wyžda:n] n conscience, overwhelmed; bulaşyk 1 adj confused, tangled, sense of right and wrong wyždany bar adam muddled up Süzek suwa saçymy ýugmasam, ogurlyk etmez wyždannyňy satmak; ynsap saçlarym bulaşyk. Bulaşyk meseläni kakam bilen [ynsa:p] n conscience ynsabyň ezýet bermegi zordan hasapladyk. pangs of conscience Ony etmäge ynsabym congratulate gutlamak v to congratulate gutly çatmaz. My conscience won't allow me to do bolsun congratulations! Doglan günüň bilen that. gutlaýaryn! Congratulations on your birthday!; conscientious aýyply 1 adj conscientious aýyply mübäreklemek 1 v to congratulate baýram adam conscientious person; wyždanly bilen mübäreklemek doglan güni bilen [wyžda:nly] adj conscientious, honest päk mübäreklemek wyždanly ynsan; ynsaply [ynsa:ply] adj congratulatory gutlag adj congratulatory gutlag conscientious, fair, diligent, scrupulous, honest sözleri words of congratulation gutlag ynsaply bolmak to be honest/scrupulous telegrammasy telegram of congratulation consciousness akyl-huş [akyl-hu:ş] n state of congress gurultaý n congress, conference, mind, sense of reason; consciousness Bu gyz convention gurultaýyň delegaty delegate to a meniň akyl-huşumy aldy. That girl has made me congress/conference gurultaý geçirmek to hold a lose all sense of reason. Serhoş bolup akyl- conference huşuny ýitirdi. He got drunk and lost connected baglanyşykly [ba:glanyşykly] adj consciousness.; düşünje 3 n consciousness connected with, bound up with, relating to syýasy düşünje political consciousness başga Ylym we tejribe özara baglanyşykly bolmaly. düşünje different understanding Durmuş düşünjäňi kesgitleýär. Life defines your consistent yzygiderli adj consistent; yzygyderli consciousness.; düşünjelilik n consciousness; [y:zygyderli] adj consistent, logical yzygyderli huş [hu:ş] n memory, consciousness, awareness bolmak to be consistent/logical Allaniň huşuňy ýitirmek a) to lose consciousness, faint Biribarlygyny we ýeke-täkligini yzygyderli wagyz b) to lose one's memory Aýna özüni Artygyň eden adam a person who consistently preached gujagyna oklanda, bütin huşuny ýitirdi. When the unity and oneness of God Ayna threw herself into Artyk's arms, he passed constantly dynman [dy:nma:n] adv constantly, out. huşa gelmek a) to come to one's senses, to endlessly, continually, incessantly, without a regain/recover consciousness b) to remember; break bir zady dynman gaýtalamak to repeat the messep n consciousness messebiňi ýuwutmak to same thing over and over again lose one's consciousness construction_site gurluşyk n construction consecutive_order birsydyrgyn [birsydyrgy:n] project, building-site adj in consecutive order Ýel birsydyrgyn consul konsul ['konsul] n consul her döwletiň öwüsýär. dürli ýurtda öz konsuly bolýar. each country has consent razylyk 2 [ra:zy:lyk] cf: razyçylyk. n its consuls in different cities consent, assent razylyk bermek to give one's consulate konsulhana [konsulha:na] n consulate consent ählumumy razylyk bilen by common meniň oglan doganym konsulhanada peçat ediji consent comp. razylyk bildirmek bolup işleýär my brother works in a consulate as consider ölçemek 2 v to consider, to weigh a typist something up Ölçäp, biçip, belki-de meni syda consultation konsultasiýa n consultation, advice bererler. Weigh it up, think about it -- they're konsultasiýa bermek to consult, to advise, to act probably going to prosecute me. comp. Ýedi as tutor (to) konsultasiýa almak to have a ölçäp bir kes. ; saýmak2 [sa:ýmak] v consider, consultation, to obtain advice count Aýna Artygy özüne has ýakyn saýýardy contact potratçylyk n contact ýerleri potratçylyga Ayna considered Artyk to be her closest friend bermek to give lands by a contract comp. soňuny saýmaz ; syn [sy:n] n consider container konteýner n container plastik comp. syn etmek2 ; synlamak 1 [sy:nlamak] v konteýnerler plastic containers to consider, examine contemporary döwürdeş n contemporary, consider_strange geňlemek v to consider generation Magtymgulynyň döwürdeşleri something to be strange/surprised Magtymguli's contemporaries Nuh öz consider_to_be_good adam hataryna goşmak döwürdeşleriniň arasynda dogruçyl bir ynsan (comp. of hatar2) to consider somebody to be a bolupdyr. Noah was the only righteous man in good man his generation.; sakgaldaş n person of the same considerable esli 1 adj considerable, some Biziň age, contemporary {colloq, m} şäherden gaýdanymyza esli wagt geçipdir. It has contempt äsgermezçilik cf: äsgermezlik. n been some time since we left the city. contempt, disrespect äsgermezçilik etmek to considered göz öňünde tutulmak (comp. of ignore, scorn, look down (on), show göz) v to be considered contempt/disrespect for; äsgermezlik cf: consist ybarat [yba:rat] adj consist of, be made äsgermezçilik. n contempt, neglect up of bu kwartira üç otagdan ybarat this flat contemptible näletkerde adj contemptible, consists of three rooms, there are three rooms despicable näletkerde ogul contemptible son?? in this flat content göwnühoş adj content, satisfied Ol örän zolzol2 [zo:l] adv continuously, continually, göwnühoş bolupdyr. He was very content.; incessantly, all time kanagatlanmak [kana:gatlanmak] v to be contraband gaçgak haryt cf: kontrabanda. content, to be satisfied, pleased jogapdan (comp. of gaçgak) contraband, smuggled kanagatlanmak to be satisfied with an answer; goods; kontrabanda [knotra'banda] cf: gaçgak kanagatly 3 [kana:gatly] adj unpretentious, haryt. n contraband, smuggled goods content kontrabanda bilen meşgullanmak to smuggle contest ýaryş 2 [ýa:ryş] n competition, contest, contract potrat n contract ýeri potrata almak to match ýaryşa çagyrmak to challenge to take a piece of land by a contract potrat ýerde competition kubok ugrunda ýaryş cup işlemek to work in the land given/taken by the competition basketbol boýünça ýaryş basketball contract; ykrar hat cf: wada, äht. (comp. of match ýaryşyň şertleri terms of contest ykrar) n contract {official documents}; continue dowam etdirmek (dowam) v to ylalaşyk 2 [yla:laşyk] n agreement, contract continue Başlanan işimizi arakesmeden soň {formal document} dowam etdirdik. We continued the work we had contractions burgy n contractions, labour Çaga started after the break. Biz ata-babalarymyzdan burgusy tutup başladygy tiz kömege jaň etmeli. gelýän däp-dessurlarymyzy dowam etdirýäris. We When childbirth contractions begin you have to continue the traditions handed down by our ring the ambulance. Burgy tutup başlanda ancestors.; ýörmek 1 [ýörmek, ýör:] aux. v to oturmak gadagan. When labour begins you continue okap ýörmek to continue with one's mustn't sit down. studies Ol heniz hem okap ýör. He is still contractor potratçy n contractor studying. işsiz gezip ýörmek to hang around contradict tersleşmek n to contradict each other {(following gerund) marks the continuous contradiction gapma-garşylyk n contradiction mood} synpy gapma-garşylyklar classdistinctions continuous üznüksiz adj continuous, continual, gapma-garşylyk bolmasa ösüş ýok no incessant, uninterrupted Ýagyş üznüksiz ýagýar. contradiction no increase bir zady üznüksiz gaýtalamak to repeat the same contradictory gapma-garşy 2 adj contradictory, thing over and over again üznüksiz geplemek to conflicting gapma-garşy görkezmeler conflicting speak without a break; zol-zol1 [zo:l-zo:l] cf: evidence gapma-garşy maglumatlar contradictory zol. adv - zol-zol gaýtalamak to repeat information continuously contribution goşant 2 n contribution goşant continuously birsyhly [birsy:hly] adv goşmak to make a contribution continuously, continually, uninterruptedly, Bilimiňi birsyhly artdyrmaly.; dyngysyz contrivance emel 1 n contrivance, shift, device [dy:ngysyz] adv ceaselessly, endlessly, emel etmek to contrive (to), try (to) Onuň emeli continuously, uninterruptedly, incessantly başa barmady. His trick did not work comp. öz Dyngysyz gar ýagýar. The snow falls endlessly. emeline özi çolaşmak Iki gije-gündizläp dyngysyz ýagyş ýagdy. It rained controls rul 3 n controls, joystick {aeroplane, continuously for two days. Çaga helicopter} ýarawsyzlygyndan ýaňa dyngysyz aglaýardy. controversial jedelli adj controversial, Because of the illness the child cried constantly. questionable, debatable, disputed jedelli mesele Syrkaw uzyn gijäni dyngysyz samrap geçirdi. The moot point, vexed question sick man babbled constantly all night long.; convenient amatly 1 [a:matly] adj convenient, işi eýgermek to manage to do one work. comfortable, suitable; çeme n copper mis 1 [mi:s] n copper sary mis brass mis convenient/comfortable/cosy position Meniň gazyp almak mis turba çemäm däl. It is not convenient for me. copy göçür n copy; göçürmek 1 v to copy conversation gürrüň 1 n conversation, täzeden göçürmek to rewrite, copy something discussion, talk gürrüň bermek to tell someone, again; nusga 3 n copy nusgasyny almak to make narrate to someone Gürrüň bersene. Please tell a copy nusgasyny köpeltmek me! gürrüň etmek to converse, discuss, have a coquettish näzli 1 adj coquettish, affected, flirty talk gyzykly gürrüň an interesting talk gürrüňi näzli gözel flirty woman näzli garaýyş flirty look başga ýana sowmak to change the subject ile core özen n core, kernel, pith, heart; root agajyň gürrüň bolmak to be the subject of a talk comp. özeni the core/heart of a tree gep-gürrüň ; söhbet n conversation, talk, chat coriander kinza 1 [ki:nza] n fresh coriander Men convert öwürmek 2 v to turn (to, into), convert, kinzadan ýasalan salady gowy görýärin. I like change (for) daşa öwürmek to turn to stone salad made with fresh coriander. kömre öwürmek to carbonize degişmä öwürmek corn mekge n corn, maize mekge übtükleri c orn to turn into a joke dollary manada öwürmek flakes; mekgejöwen n (sweet-)corn, maize başga tarapa öwürmek to change dollars for mekgejöwen meýdany corn field manats comp. pikir öwürmek comp. ýüzüňi öwürmek corner burç2 1 n corner Egilen wagtym maňlaýym stolyň burçyna degip gözimden ot çykyp gitdi. convey aşyrmak [a:şyrmak] v to convey, Köçäniň burçunda täze çagalar üçin dukan transport to, take across dagdan aşyrmak to take açyldy. comp. janly burç ; çüňk 1 n corner across the mountains bürgüdiň çüňki; künjek n corner ýurduň ähli convincing degerli 1 adj convincing degerli künjeklerinde in all corners of the country deliller convincing evidence degerli jogap bermek otagyň künjegi the corner of a room to answer convincingly corpse jeset n corpse, dead body Düýn gumda cook aşpez n cook, chef; bişirmek v to cook, näbelli jeset tapyldy. Yesterday an unidentified prepare; to bake nan bişirmek to bake bread; body was found in the desert.; läş 1 n corpse, taýýarlamak 3 [taýýa:rlamak] v to cook, to dead body läş bolmak to die; maslyk n corpse, prepare {food} dead body, carcass; meýit n corpse, dead body cooker plita 1 [pli'ta] n stove, cooker gaz plitasy mumyýalanan meýit Meýdiň ýansyn! May you rot gas stove, cooker (in hell)! cool salkyn adj cool, fresh salkyn howa cool correct dogry 1 adj correct, right, true, accurate, weather gije salkyn boldy It was cool at night. precise Çatyryklarda sogulman dogry ýol bilen salkyn düşmek to get cooler/fresher. Agşam gidiberseňiz mekdebe bararsyňyz. If you do not salkyn bolýar. The evening will be cool(er).; turn and go straight you will come to school. salkynlyk n cool, coolness agşamky salkynlyk Onuň aýdýany dogry. He is right. dogry düşünje the cool of the evening; sowaşmak v to cool correct concept Siziň aýdanlaryňyzy biz dogry down hasaplaýarys. We think it is right what you said. cooperative kooperatiw adj cooperative Dogry gepliň dosty ýok./nakyl/ He who speaks kooperatiw söwda cooperative trade the truth, has no friends. (Proverb) Hakykady cope eýgermek v to cope (with), manage işi aýtmak-dogry zatlary aýtmakdyr. To tell the eýgermek to manage/handle one's job well bir truth is to say what is right. dogry ýazmak to write correctly meseläni dogry çözmek to decide correction düzediş n correction, amendment, problem correctly Mugallym doskada meseläniň improvement Ol gürleýäniň diline käbir düzediş dogry çözülişini görkezdi. The teacher wrote the berdi. He made some corrections for the correct solution on the blackboard. Edilen işler speaker. ???? tekste düzediş girizmek to amend hakyky maglumatlara dogry geldi. Completed the text Kanuna birnäçe düzediş girizdiler. They tasks rely on correct information. comp. made some amendments to the law. Golýazma dogryňdan gel comp. to meet ; dürs 1 adj düzediş girizip soňra çap edildi. Some corrections correct, true, exact, accurate Siz dürs were made to the manuscript which was then aýdýarsyňyz. You are right. dürs ýazuw correct published. spelling Delileriň dürsdigini barlap anyklamaly. correctness dogrulyk 2 n in the right, The proofs must be checked for accuracy. correctness, honesty öz dogrulygyňy subut etmek Soragyma dürs jogap ber! Answer my question to prove that you are in the right Gudrat öz correctly. dogrulygy bilen klasdaşlarynyň arasynda Ýalan sözleme-de dürs geple. Do not speak lies, tapawutlanýar. Gudrat differs from his but speak the truth. Birinji klas okuwçylara dürs classmates in his honesty. Soraga dogrulyk bilen ýazuw öwredýärler. They teach the first grade jogap bermeli. You must answer the question pupils to write correctly. comp. aýagyňy dürs honestly. Öz dogrulygyňy subut etmek üçin basmak ; düz 2 adj correct, true, accurate, real, faktlara esaslanmaly. You must stick to the facts reliable, correctly düz sözlemek to speak to prove you are in the right. correctly Onuň özi düz gezsin. He should correct correspondent habarçy 1 n correspondent, his own behaviour (first). Şu düz gidýän köçäň journalist, reporter ýörite habarçy special ugry bilen gidiberiň. Go straight along this street. correspondent Düz gitmän birinji çatyrykdan çepe sowmaly. Do corridor koridor [kori'dor] n corridor, hall, not go straight, but turn left at the first passage, landing Jaňda okuwçylar koridora crossroads. Onuň özi düz gezsin. Let him be çykdylar. At the bell the pupils went out into correct. Onuň gepi-sözi düzdür. His words are the corridor. true. Ýalan sözleme-de düz geple. Do not lie, corrode iýmek 2 v to eat away, to corrode güýe speak the truth. Bu örän düz maşyn. This is very paltony iýipdir A moth has eaten away at the reliable car. Köýnegiňi çöwre geýipsiň, çöwürde coat comp. gamçy iýmek comp. gamyny iýmek düz geý. You put the shirt on untidily, change it comp. iýip-içmek and wear it correctly. Düşnüksiz ýazuwyňy düzet-de düz ýaz. Correct your illegible wrinting corrupt azmak [a:zmak] v to corrupt, infect, and write legibly.; düzüw 1 adj correct, right, become putrid Ol eline pul düşensoň azyp true, faithful düzüw geplemek to speak properly başlady. He is using his money corruptly (i.e., Seniň niýetiň düzüw däl. Your intentions are not wasting it on harmful things like cigarettes).; honourable. Sözleriň ýarsyny aýtmada düzüw zaýalamak 4 [za:ýalamak] v to corrupt Arak gürle. Don't mumble, speak properly.; jaý 1 ony gaty zaýalapdyr. Drink caused him to go [ja:ý] adj correct, right, appropriate, in order astray. comp. Öz nerwiňi zaýalama! jaý jogap correct answer Bu sorag jaýyna düşdi. cost bahalamak v to cost, price, estimate the This question is appropriate. jaýly atmak to worth Dokalan halynyň hilini bahalamak üçin shoot accurately göwnejaý bolmak to be ýürite adam çagyrdyk. A specialist was called in comfortable, be just right jaý bolmak to be order to estimate the carpet's worth. Atam mal comfortable bazara goýun bahalamaga gitdi. My father went to the livestock market to price the sheep.; durmak 3 cf: turmak. v to cost comp. dur ; count hasaplamak 1 [hasa:plamak] v to count, nyrh n cost, price, value arzan nyrhdan nyrh calculate; sanamak [sa:namak] v to count kesmek to price, to set a price on ýatdan sanamak to do mental arithmetic, do costs harajat 1 [haraja:t] cf: harç. n expenses, sums in one's head barmak bilen sanamak to costs harajat etmek to spend, expend, use count on one's fingers costume bir laý (comp. of laý) adv a complete countable sanly [sa:nly] adj countable costume, a whole set of something; complete counter sanawaç [sa:nawa:ç] n counter bir laý geýim complete set of clothes bir laý göz counting hasap 1 [hasa:p] n counting, gezdirmek to look through something from the calculation, reckoning, inventory hasap beginning till the end bir laý aýlanyp çykmak to ýöretmek to keep count (of) hasaby ýitirmek to go for a complete walk round; laý [la:ý] n lose count (of) hasap etmek to count, reckon costume, one pair Kakam biziň her birimize bir comp. hasap-hesip ; hasap-hesip (comp. of laý köýnek alyp berdi. My father has bought one hasap) n calculation, counting; sanaw pair of dress to each of us. comp. bir laý [sa:naw] n register, head-count, list Sanawda ol cottage_cheese süzme n cottage cheese ýok. He's not in the register. cotton ak altyn (comp. of ak) cotton; gowaça cf: countless sansyz-sajaksyz [sa:nsyz-sa:jaksyz] cf:

pagta, nah. n cotton gowaça ekmek to sow sansyz2. adj countless sansyz-sajaksyz baýlyk cotton; goza [go:za] n cotton plant boll; countless riches, incalculable/untold wealth;

(silkworm) cocoon açylmadyk goza unopenned sansyz1 1 [sa:nsyz] adj countless, innumerable, cotton plant boll {colloq Saryk}; pagta cf: numberless sansyz goşun innumerable army gowaça, nah. n cotton inçe süýümli pagta fine country diýar [diýa:r] n land, country; il 2 [i:l] n cotton pagta arassalaýjy zawod cotton-cleaning country ýat illerde in foreign lands comp. il-halk plant pagta arassalaýjy maşyn cotton-gin pagta comp. il-ulus comp. ile meňzeş etmek ; ülke n tohumy cotton-seed pagta ekmek to sow cotton land, country ýat ülkelerde ýaşamak to live in pagta ýygmak to pick cotton foreign countries ülkäni öwreniş muzeýi museum cotton_farmer pagtaçy n cotton farmer, cotton of local lore, history and economy sowuk grower ülkeler Meniň ülkäm!; ýer 5 n country, state cotton-farming pagtaçylyk n cotton-farming comp. ýer almasy comp. ýer hoz comp. ýer tudana comp. ýerine comp. ýerine ýetirmek ; couch_grass gyýak n couch-grass ýurt 1 [ýu:rt] n country daşary ýurt foreign cough üsgülewük n cough comp. üsgülewügiň country, abroad daşary ýurt dili foreign tutmak ; üsgürmek v to cough ýuwaşja language comp. ýurt sökmek comp. ýurt ýykan üsgürmek to have a slight cough courage mertlik n courage, courageousness, council geňeş 1 n council, congress; advice geňeş braveness, bravery, boldness, audacity, salmak to ask advice ýoldaşlaryň bilen geňeşmek audaciousness mertlik görkezmek to to advice with your friends ; maslahat 2 n display/show one's courage; ýürek 3 n courage, council, conference, meeting ýokary derejedäki boldness {fig} comp. açyk ýürek comp. ak maslahat summit conference maslahat geçirmek ýürek comp. arslan ýürek comp. düň (daş) to hold a meeting; mejlis 1 [mejli:s] n council, ýürek comp. ýürege düşmek comp. ýürege conference, meeting, session, sitting mejlisler düwmek comp. ýürege jüňk bolmak comp. zaly conference hall ýüregi atyň kellesi ýaly comp. ýüregi bire counsel akyl bermek (comp. of akyl) to give baglamak comp. ýüregi ýuka comp. ýüregini counsel (advice, correction) çişirmek comp. ýüregini ýarmak comp. ýüregiň agzyňa gelmek comp. ýüregiň bulanmak comp. If you knead dough and place it in a cold place, ýüregiň gysmak comp. ýüregiň müňküldemek the bread will show something like finger comp. ýüregiň ýerine gelmek comp. ýürek marks. Süýdi basyrmak üçin, ýyly jaý gerek. To awamak comp. ýürek bermek comp. ýürek daş cover (and sour) milk you need a warm room. baglamak comp. ýurmurtgany basyrmak ; bürenjek n courageous edermen adj brave, courageous, cover, veil Dynçyl musulman ýurtlarda aýal valiant, gallant; mert cf: merdana. n gyzlar bürenjege bürenip gezýarler. Turist bolyp courageous, brave, bold, audacious, daring Eýran ýurdyna gidemde bürenjekli gezdim.; mert adam brave man mert bolmak to act bürenmek v to cover oneself, wrap oneself courageously, be bold Çybynlardan ýaňa ýorgany kelläm bilen bürenip ýatdym. Agşamlaryna howa soganda dona course akym 2 n course Suwuň akym ugry bürenmesem sowuk bolýar. Kürtä bürenip oturan mydama pese tarap. Water always flows geliniň ýüzini açyp gördüm.; çaýmak [ça:ýmak] downhill.; kurs n course birinji ýyllyk talyp a v to cover, paint gyzyl çaýylan sagat; gömmek 1 first-year student Meniň gyz jigim uniwersitetiň v to cover, bury hapany gömmek to bury rubbish ikinji kursynda okaýar. My sister studies at the comp. sorag bilen gömmek ; örtgi 1 n cover; uniýersity as a first-year student. örtmek 1 v to cover, coat odeýal bilen örtmek to court kazyýet n court, courthouse şäher kazyýeti cover with a bedspread reňk bilen örtmek to coat city courthouse Şu gün kazyýetde daşary ýurtly with paint Günüň ýüzüni bulut örtüpdir. The jenaýatkäriň işine seredilýär. Today the activity clouds covered the sun.; ýaşmak3 1 v to cover, of foreign criminals will be examined in court. shade günden ýaşamak to shade oneself from [during Soviet times referred only to religious the sun judge, but now judicial] {judicial} covered gaplanmak 2 [ga:planmak] v to cloud courtiers töre n courtiers over, to be covered courtyard howly 1 n garden, courtyard, yard cow pil2 2 n cow urkaçy pil cow comp. peşeden pil howluda in the courtyard ýasamak comp. piliň gulagynda uklamak ; cousin doganoglan n cousin (father's side) sygyr n cow (f) sygyr eti beef doganoglan gyz female cousin (father's side) coward gorkak adj coward Kakamyň doganynyň çagalary meniň cowardly_act namart iş (comp. of namart) v a doganoglanlam. The children of my father’s cowardly act brother are my cousins. Kakamyň ýegenleri maňa doganoglan,ejemiň ýegenleri çykanlarym cowshed malhana [ma:lha:na] n cowshed; bolýar. The nephews of my father are cousins to cowshed, cow-house, cattle-shed, byre me, the nephews of my mother are cousins (on crack çat n crack, fissure çat açmak to crack the mother’s side).; jigi 2 [jigi:] cf: ini. n Meniň kelläm çat açyp barýar. I have a splitting younger relative (via brother or father), cousin headache. çat maňlaýynda oturmak to sit covenant äht cf: wada, ykrar hat. n covenant, opposite; ýarmak 1 [ýa:rmak] v to crack agreement, promise, vow äht etmek to make a Täzeçe ýumurtgany ýarmaly. You have to crack a covenant ähtiňde durmak to fulfil one's promise fresh egg. comp. bagty daş ýarmak comp. dil ähtiňi bozmak to break/breach one's ýarmak comp. ýüregini ýarmak ; ýaryk contract/agreement [ýa:ryk] n crack, split, cleft, crevice ýaryk atmak to crack, split ýaryk gawun cracked cover basyrmak v to incubate, sour... Hamyry melon ýugrup sowuk ýerde basyrsaň, çörek gülli bolýar. crackle şatyrdamak v to crackle cradle sallançak 1 n cradle, crib, cot which can creation döretmetlik n creation, establishment; be rocked sallançaky üwremek to rock the cradle döreýiş n creation [hung on two large hinges so as to be swung] creator dörediji 1 n creator, founder, originator craftiness mekirlik n craftiness, , craft, cunning, Ol mukam dörediji kompozitor. He is a composer. guile, wiles, slyness, wiliness mekirlik bilen Baletmeýster tans dörediji. Baletmeyster is the cunningly, slyly mekirlik etmek to use creator of dance. Kemine satiriki goşgularyň cunning/guile; to dissemble döredijisidi./sözlükden/ Kemine is the creator of craftsman ussa n repairman, craftsman Zynjyrym humorous poems. üzilende zergär ussa bejertmäne eltdim. comp. Creator Ýaradan 2 n Creator; ýaradar [ýarada:r] agaç ussasy comp. demirçi comp. tikinçi ussa ; n The Creator, God {religious} ussaçylyk n the profession of a craftsman creature jandar [ja:nda:r] n living being, Ussaçylyk etmek aňsat iş däl, jogapkärçiligi kän. creature, animal janly-jandarlar living beings crafty emelli adj crafty, cunning; hilegär Öýde jandar ýokdy. There was not a living soul [hi:legär] adj cunning, sly, crafty, wily hilegär in the house.; janly-jandar (comp. of janly) adam cunning person; mekir adj crafty, living being, creature Ýaz paslynda janly- cunning, sly, wily mekgejöwen adam cunning jandarlar köpelýärler. In spring living beings person mekir tilki sly fox mekir bolmak to be multiply.; mahluk [mahlu:k] n creature, being cunning/crafty/sly crèche çagalar bakjasy (comp. of bakja) nursery crane kran2 n crane göteriji kran lifting crane school, kindergarten, crèche Çagalar, çagalar crash awariýa [a'wariýa] cf: ýol heläkçiligi. n bakjasynda wagtyny şadyýan hem peýdaly crash, accident, break-down; gümmürdemek v geçirýärler. Children in a nursery school have an to crash, roar, thunder, rumble gümmürdäp enjoyable and productive time. Çagalar başlamak to begin to thunder, begin to bakjasynda terbiýeçiler çagalar üçin gyzykly roar/rumble sahnalary goýýarlar. In a nursery school the carers put on interesting shows for the children. crawl emedeklemek v to crawl; süýrenmek v to crawl credit hyzmat 2 n merit, desert, credit; kredit ['kredit] cf: karz. n credit; (book-keeping) crazy däli adj mad, crazy, insane däli ýaly crazy credit kredit bermek to give credit kredit like Men seniň yşkyňda däli boldum. I was madly goýbermek to supply on credit uzak möhletli in love with you. kredit long-term credit cream gaýmak2 2 n cream, clotted cream creditor çykaryjy n creditor, someone who crease ýygyrt 2 n crease, fold, crumple köýnegiň extracts funds (from a bank account) ýygyrtlaryny ütüklemek to iron the creases of a cricket çyrlak n cricket {insect} shirt ýygyrt atmak to crease bu mata erbet ýygyrt atýar this material creases badly crime jenaýat 1 [jena:ýat] n crime, offence; jenaýatçylyk 1 [jena:ýatçylyk] n crime (in create döretmek 1 v to create, make; institute general), felony, attack, criminal act Daşary (bring into being), engender maňa garşy ýurtlarda köp jenaýatçylyk edilýär. Many crimes döretdiler they fomented a rebellion against me were done in foreign countries. Modelýer täze modelleri döretdi. Model created a new model. Bu owadan tebigaty kim döretdikä? criminal jenaýat 2 [jena:ýat] adj criminal, Who created this beautiful creation?; ýaratmak felonious jenaýat iş criminal case jenaýat 1 v to create, make kodeksi criminal code; jenaýatçy [jena:ýatçy] cf: jenaýatkär. n criminal, offender, felon döwlet jenaýatçysy someone who has committed boss. a crime against the state; jenaýatkär cross_out çyzmak 2 v cross_out Şol söz çyzmaly. [jena:ýatkär] cf: jenaýatçy. n criminal Bu That word needs to be crossed out. adamy jenaýatkär hasaplap, türmä saldylar. They crossed haçly adj crossed, with a cross haçly ýöriş decided he was a criminal and jailed him. The Crusades criminality jenaýatçylyk 2 [jena:ýatçylyk] n crossing geçme n crossing, (under)pass ýoldan criminality geçme a (pedestrian) crossing ýoldan geçme cripple çolak n cripple; maýyp [ma:ýyp] n düzgüni the rule of crossing road cripple maýyp adam cripple, crippler maýyp crossroads çatryk n crossroads bolmak to be cripple, become crippled maýyp crow garaguş1 n crow, vulture, raven, eagle (sem. etmek to cripple domains: 1.6 - Animal.); garga n crow, raven crisis krizis ['krizis] n crisis ýkdysady krizis gara garga crow, raven gök garga the blue crow ecomomic crisis say. Garga garganyň gözüni çokmaz critic tankytçy [tanky:tçy] n critic crowd jygyldyk 1 n crowd, throng, crush, squash, critical tankydy adj critical, critically scrum Jygyldyk adamdan dolydy. The big criticise tankytlamak [tanky:tlamak] v to market was crowded with people.; köpçülik 1 criticise adj crowd, people, throng; köplük 1 n crowd, criticism tankyt [tanky:t] n criticism tankyt crush, a large proportion (of), multitude comp.

etmek to criticize edebi tankyt literary criticism köplük san ; topbak 2 n crowd; üýşmek1 2 n crowd bozgaklaryň üýşmegi üýşmege goşulmak to crooked egri 1 cf: el. adj curved, crooked egri mingle in the crowd ösen agaç crooked tree egri çyzyk (math.) curved line comp. aýagyny egri basmak comp. egri crowded köp adamly (comp. of köp) populous, oturyp, dogry gürleşmek/sözleşmek comp. eli crowded Londonyň köçeleri elmydama köp egri ; gyşyk [gy:şyk] adj crooked, curved; adamly. London streets are always crowded. uneven gyşyk çyzyk curved line crown täç n crown, birth mark nartäç crops ekin n crops, cultivation ekin meýdany pomegranate(-coloured) crown (i.e. birth mark) cultivated field ekinler gögerýär The crops are [girls are named this if they have a birth mark, growing. däneli ekinler cereals to make sure that it disappears when they grow up] cross atanak 1 n (diagonal) cross atanak çekmek to cross out, negate Mugallym okuwçynyň öý cruel doň ýürek (comp. of doň) adj merciless, işine atanak çekdi. The teacher crossed out the cruel Doň ýürek adamda rehim, mähir, muhabbet student's homework. Çaga atanak çyzyklary ýok. The person does not have any mercy, çekýär. The child is drawing crossed lines. kindness or love. ; zabun [zabu:n] adj cruel comp. atanak çekmek comp. ýüzüne atanak cruelty zalymlyk 2 [za:lymlyk] n severity, çekmek ; haç n cross gyzyl haç red cross Gyzyl cruelty Haç we Gyzyl Ýarymaý jemgyýeti Red Cross and crumb owuntyk n crumb, small pieces; splinter, Red Crescent Society; ötmek 1 cf: ötüşmek. v fragment, sliver çörek owuntygy crumb of bread to cross derýadan ötmek to cross a river comp. agaç owuntyklary splinter of wood aýna dünýäden ötmek owuntyklary fragment of broken glass cross_oneself çokunmak 2 v to cross oneself, crush kül etmek (comp. of kül) to crush, to pray (as Christians do), genuflect Ol başlygyň smash (to pieces) çagajyk elindäki oýunjagy kül öňünde çokunýar. S/he shows deference to the etdi. baby crushed his toy into pieces.; owratmak v to crush, crumble, break into cup käse n cup käsä çaý güýmak to pour tea (into pieces odun owratmak to chop/split wod comp. a cup) şakäse bowl, large cup [without a otuz ikiňi owradarin handle] cry aglamak [a:glamak] v to cry, weep; cupbearer saky [sa:ky] n cupbearer, wine aglaşmak [a:glaşmak] v to cry together; steward çyrlamak v baby to cry lightly; weep bitterly, cupboard şkaf n cupboard, wardrobe cry; gykylyk 1 [gy:kylyk] n cry, shout, yell, curd gurt n curd scream, howl, noise, hubbub adamlaryň curds peýnir [peýni:r] n curds, cheese peýnir gykylygy hubbub/noise of people gykylyk etmek to make cheese peýnir taýýarlanýan ýer turuzmak to make a noise cheese dairy, creamery {sheep, goats} cube kub 1 n cube iki kubda two cubed curl buýra adj curl, curly, frizzy Bu gyzjagazyň {mathematics} buýra-buýra saçlaryny daramaga kyndyr. cubic_metre kubometr [kubo'metr] n Duralgada buýra saçly görmegeý ýigit gördim. cubic_metre howa we suw kubometrlerde Dellekhanada himiýa kömegi bilen saçymy buýra ölçelýär. gases and water are measured in cubic etdirdim. metres current akym 1 n current, flow Ýurduň ykdysady cucumber hyýar [hyýa:r] n cucumber (sem. akymy pese gidýär. The country's economy is domains: 1.5 - Plant.) going downhill. Müdir işi öz akymyna goýberdi. culprit sebäpkär n culprit; hero toýuň sebäpkäri The manager worked at his own pace.; hero of the wedding-party gündelik 1 cf: gündeki. n current, present-day cultivated bejerilmek 2 v to be worked, gündelik işler current/routine affairs gündelik cultivated Bejerilen ekin gowy hasyl getirýär. habarlar current news gündelik maglumatlar Cultivated land produces a good crop. daily information cultural medeni [medeni:] adj cultural medeni curse gargamak v to curse, to swear (at), scold, merkez cultural centre run down, ; lagnat n curse, damnation lagnat culturally medeniýetli adv culturally, in a aýtmak to curse, damn lagnat siňen! Damn it! civilized manner medeniýetli dynç almak to have Meni kösäniň üçin saňa lagnat bolsun! I cuss for a good rest that you have made me suffer; nälet 1 n curse nälet bolsun! Damn it! nälet etmek to curse culture medeniýet n culture medeniýet öýi someone; näletlemek 1 v to curse, damn cultural centre curtain perde 1 n curtain sahnanyň perdesi cummerbund bilguşak [bi:lguşak] n curtain of a stage perdäni goýbermek to drop the cummerbund, waistband, (cloth) belt Ejem curtain perdäni galdyrmak to raise the curtain kakama keşdeli bilguşak tikip beripdi. My mother penjirä perde tutmak to close the curtains perde embroidered a cummerbund for my father. açyldy. The curtain was opened.; tuty n curtain, cunning emel 4 n cunning comp. öz emeline özi dividing curtain [Traditionally hung in a yurt çolaşmak ; hilegärlik [hi:legärlik] n cunning, to provide privacy between members of an guile, craftiness, wile hilegärlik etmek to use extended family.] cunning/guile, to dissemble; pirim 1 n curtained perdeli 1 adj curtained, having a cunning, slyness, guile, craft, swindle, tricks curtain, with a curtain perdeli penjire curtained pirim etmek to use cunning, be cunning/crafty; window, a window with curtains to swindle comp. biriniň pirimine düşmek ; ýeser adj cunning curved egrem-bugram adj curved, crooked, cut, cut with scissors gaýçy bilen kagyz gyý to twisting, winding egrem-bugram ýodajyk cut paper with scissors comp. gözi gyýmaýar. twisting path comp. nika gyýmak comp. ýüregi gyýmaýar ; custom dessur [dessu:r] n custom, tradition kesmek 1 v to cut çörek kesmek to cut the dessur bolup galmak to become a tradition milli bread matany kesmek cut the cloth ýedi ölçäp, dessur national tradition; däp 1 n custom, bir keç measure seven times, but cut once tradition, usage, habit Ýaşulyny hormatlamak (Prov) (sem. domains: 3.5.4.2 - Saying, däp bolupdyr. It was the custom to respect the proverb.) comp. ýol kesmek ; ýatyrmak 3 elder. däp etmek to get accustomed/used (to), [ýatyrmak] v to cut, harvest {grass, hay and get into the habit of däp bolmak to become grains} comp. maşyny ýatyrmak comp. ýatyr ; accustomed to, get used to; kada 2 [ka:da] cf: ýygmak 4 v to scythe, cut üzümçiler üzümi normal. n custom, tradition, rules of etiquette, ýygdylar farmers cut the grapes {grains, rules of behaviour özüňi alyp barmaklygyň grasses} comp. agzyňy ýygmak kadalary one's own set way of doing things; cut_into_pieces böleklemek 2 [bö:leklemek] v to ýörelge 1 n custom, tradition köne ýörelgäni cut into pieces Täze eti bölekläp hem duzlap tutmak to keep up old customs köne ýörelge goýsaň et tagamly bolýar. If you take fresh meat bilen in the old fashion, in the old way and cut it into pieces then salt it, the meat will customer alyjy n customer, buyer, purchaser; be tasty. Gyşa öňinden taýarlyk görip odyny shopper çapyp böleklemeli. customs gümrük 1 n customs gümrük düzgüni cut_off_relations aýagyňy kesmek (comp. of customs regulations gümrük deklarasiýasy aýak) to cut off relations

customs declarations cut_out biçmek1 v to cut, cut out geýim biç to cut customs_house gümrükhana [gümrükha:na] n cloth for a material etjek işleriň planyny biçmek customs office, customs house to prepare the plan for future work cut bejermek 4 v to cut, style Öz saçymy cutter biçimçi n cutter, tailor, seamstress [the bejerýärin I cut my own hair.; çäk 1 n cut person who cuts out the pieces of material in köýnegiň çägi the cut of a dress; gyrkmak v to the correct shape for the tailor or seamstress to cut, shave, prune, cut back, shear; gyýmak v to sow them together]; çapyjy n cutter agaç çapyjy woodcutter

D d

dagger gama n dagger, short sword ýiti gama dam bent3 1 n dam suwuň öňüne bent gurmak to sharp dagger gama dakynmak to wear a dagger; build a dam; böwet 1 n dam, weir Mellegi hanjar n dagger suwarar ýaly ýapdan gelýan suwy böwetläp, daily gündeki cf: gündelik. adj daily, everyday özümize garşy akdyrdym. Böwetlenen suw joşyp gündeki gazýetler daily papers, dailies üstinden akyp ugrady. böwet basmak comp. dairymaid sagymçy n dairymaid, milkmaid belli böwet bolmak ; böwet basmak (böwet) v to sagymçy dairymaid who has been honoured for dam, block up; dykyn 1 n dam, barrier, block, her work obstruction dykyn bolmak to become obstructed, get blocked up Iýen naharym siňmän dykyn bolup dur. The meal which I ate does not digest and gets barrier in the throat. Turbaň içi dark Bu ýeri nähili garaňkylyk! How dark it is çägeden ýaňa dykyn bolupdyr. The lines were here! garaňkylykda hereket etmek to move in the blocked by the sand.; gaçy n dam, dike gaçy dark; tüm darkness; tümlük n darkness gurmak to dam, dike, block up dash çyzyk 2 n dash, hyphen kese çyzyk hyphen damage paýhynlamak 1 v to trample down, to uzyn kese çyzyk (long) dash {grammar}; damage mallar ekinleri paýhynlapdyr the cattle okdurylmak v to dash, dart, rush okdurylyp damaged the crops; weýrançylyk barmak to take to one's heels, rush away [weýra:nçylyk] n damage Sil köp weýrançylyk dastan dessan [dessa:n] n dastan - an ornate getirdi. form of oral history from Central Asia. halk damned zaňňar adj damned, cursed {colloq} dessany legend about a national hero [a genre damp çygly [çy:gly] adj damp, wet, moist, in which an oral epic contains alternate verse humid; yzgar [yzga:r] n moisture, damp yzgar and prose] {lit} çekmek to absorb, soak up moisture DAT -a DAT; -e DAT dampness zeý n dampness, moisture, humidity date horma n date; hurma 2 n date (fruit) (sem. zeý ýer damp/moist/wet place zeý bolmak to domains: 1.5.5 - Parts of a plant.) comp. hurma become damp/moist/humid agaçy comp. hurma palmasy ; sene 2 n date, damson alça n damson [a small kind of plum] day şanly sene glorious date, glorious day dance oýnamak 3 cf: oýnaşmak, oýnatmak. v daughter gyz 3 [gy:z] n daughter Bu meniň to dance; tans n dance tans etmek to dance gyzym. This is my daughter. gyz çykarmak to give one's daughter in marriage to someone danger hatar1 n danger, peril, risk; howp 1 n comp. gelin-gyz comp. gyz-oglan danger, peril howp abanmak to be in danger ölüm howpy danger of death Oňa hiç zat howp dawn daň n daybreak, dawn Daň atdy. Morning salanok. He is in no danger. broke, dawn came. daň saz bermek to realise that dawn is breaking daňyňy atyrmak the dangerous hatarly adj dangerous, risky, perilous coming of morning /dawn, to wake up in the hatarly iş risky business hatarly ýer dangerous morning daň ýyldyzy morning star daň şapagy place hatarly oýun risky game, gamble; howply morning dawn Daň agardy. Day/dawn is adj dangerous, perilous howply ýer dangerous breaking. ; daňdan 1 [daňdan] n dawn, first place light, daybreak; säher adv dawn, daybreak dark garaňky adj dark (at night) garaňky jaý dark day gün 2 n day bu/şu gün today şu günki gazet room Eýýäm garaňky düşdi. it got dark garaňky today's paper iş güni the working day zähmet gije dark eveniig göze dürtme garaňky It is very gün shift (i.e. work) ol gün that day bir gün one dark. Bu teklip meniň üçin garaňky. This day günde everyday uzak(ly) gün all day long ; suggestion is dark for me.; öçügsi cf: öçük. gündiz adv in the daytime, by day gije-gündiz dark, not giving much light day and night comp. gije-gündiz ; günlük adj darken garalmak2 2 v to darken, get dark, grow day, daily, of...days, -day bir günlük gazanç dark Iňrik garaldy. It grew dark. comp. garalyp day's pay iki günlük iş work lasting two days, durmak two-day job darkness gara 2 adj darkness, shadow comp. gara day_after_day günsaýyn [günsa:ýyn] adv day by bagt comp. gara burç comp. gara çaý comp. day, day after day, from day to day Çaga gara gün comp. gara hat comp. gara iş comp. günsaýyn ösýär. Child grows up day by day. gara möý2 comp. gara öý say. garasy ýitmek

comp. nebit2 ; garaňkylyk 1 n darkness, the day_after_tomorrow birigün [bi:rigün] adv the controversial question day after tomorrow Men birigün işe çykmaly. debt algy n debt; bergi bermek v to pay a debt, Kärhanamyzyň bildiriş tagtasynda, birigün ýowar pay off a loan; be indebted Meni şu uly derejä bolýar diýip ýazyk. Birigün meniň dogylan günim. ýetiren enem-atama, indi öz gezegimde şolara day_before_yesterday öňňin [öňňi:n] adv the day seredip bergimi berýärin. I'm indebted to my before yesterday parents that I was able to reach such a high dead öli 1 adj dead, deceased ne öli ne diri more level.; bergi n debt Jaý alanymyzda biraz bergi dead than alive öli ýaly ýatmak to sleep like the etdik. In order to buy a house we borrowed dead ruhy taýdan öli spiritually dead ölini some money.; borç 1 [bo:rç] n debt kesmek to dissect, cut up a corpse comp. öliň deceased merhum 1 [merhu:m] adj deceased, soragyny soramak those who have died deaf güň n deaf-and-dumb; ker n deaf ker bolmak deceive aldamak [a:ldamak] v deceive, swindle, to be/become deaf ol bütinleýin ker he is stone- cheat ; lie; aldawa salmak (comp. of salmak) deaf to deceive deal paýlamak 3 [pa:ýlamak] cf: paýlaşmak. v deceived aldanmak [a:ldanmak] v to be to deal Kim paýlamaly? Whose deal is it? deceived, be cheated; to be disappointed {cards} December dekabr cf: Bitaraplyk. n December dear eziz [ezi:z] adj dear, precious Ezizim! My (sem. domains: 8.4.1.4 - Month.) dear! eziz dost eziz adam dear person eziz deception ikilik 2 cf: ikiýüzlülik. n deception

görmek to love eziz tutmak to keep ikilik etmek to deceive, to cheat {fig}; sap4 n lovely/precious; gadyrly adj dear, close, deception, trickery, fraud, cunning, slyness sap respectable, esteemed gadyrly myhman atmak to deceive, trick, use cunning, be respectable guest gadyrly görüşmek to greet cunning/crafty someone kindly; jan 3 [ja:n] adj dear, beloved decide bellisini etmek (comp. of belli) to decide janym meniň! My dear! jan dost! Dear friend! something {for a cause} comp. jan etmek comp. jana-jan decimal onluk 2 [o:nluk] num decimal onluk drob comp. janyňy ýakmak ; mährem adj dear; decimal fraction (sem. domains: 8.1.2.1 - beloved, loved mährem garyndaş close relative; Mathematics.) mähriban [mähriba:n] adj dear; beloved, loved decision karar [kara:r] n decision, resolution, mähriban ene beloved mother meniň mähriban decree karar etmek to decide, resolve, judge; to watanyň my beloved motherland/country decree karara gelmek to decide, make up one's mähriban ene mähriban dogan Sen meniň mind, come to a decision, find resolution; mähribanym. mähriban Watan mähriban toprak decree, judge Men onuň bilen ýüzbe-ýüz death ajal n death; ölüm 1 n death, dying ölüm gepleşmeli diýen karara geldim. I deçided to talk jezasy capital punishment, death penalty ölüm with him façe to façe. ýassygy deathbed ölüm ýassygynda ýatmak to be decisive aýgytly 1 adj decisive, courageous, on one's deathbed ölüm adam saýlamaz. Death daring, bold aýgytly ädim decisive step is the grand leveller. Ajal ýetmese, ölüm ýok. One does not die before death. (sem. domains: decisively aýgytly 2 adv decisively; üzül-kesil 3.5.4.2 - Saying, proverb.) comp. ölümiň adv decisively, absolutely, firmly üzül-kesil öýünde garşy bolmak to resist firmly, to have a firm objection meseläni üzül-kesil goýmak debatable dawaly 1 [da:wa:ly] adj disputable, debatable, controversial dawaly mesele declare yglan etmek 2 [ygla:n etmek] v to possessions to my mother country. Nahardan declare uruş yglan_etmek to declare war Ol soň ölen-ýitenlere bagyş edip, aýat-töwir okalýar. patyşa garşysyna uruş yglan etdi. He declared After eating, those lost and died are dedicated war against the king. and/as some scripture and a grace is read. decline pese düşmek (comp. of pes) to collapse, Çagalar öýüne bir-näçe oýnawaç bagyş etdim. I decline; peslemek 2 v to decline donated several toys to the nursery.; bagyşlamak 1 v to dedicate Güýç-kuwatyny decorate bezemek v to decorate, dress up önümçilige bagyşlady. He gave his strength and Durmuşa çykýan gyzy örän owadan bezediler. health to (factory) production. Gahrymanlar They dressed up the girl who was getting janyny ýeňiş üçin bagyşladylar. The heroes married very beautifully. comp. Adamy zähmet dedicated their lives to gaining victory. bezeýär. ; orden n order; decoration orden bilen Babadaýhan bütin ömrüni eken baglaryna sylaglamak to decorate, award someone a bagyşlady. The patron saint of farming devoted medal/title; zynatlamak [zy:natlamak] v to his whole live to planted gardens. comp. decorate içerini zynatlamak to decorate a room Bagyşlaň! decorated haşamly adj decorated, ornamented, dedicated bagyşlanmak v to be dedicated, be beautiful devoted Jenaýatçy günäsiniň azda-kände decoration bezeg n decoration, adornment, bagyşlanmagy üçin, derňew işine kömek etdi. ornament; beauty gymmar bahaly bezegler Criminals, whether they have few or many sins, valuable ornaments Türkmen halysy öýüň bezegi. are quickly helped into work. Turkmen rugs make one's home beautiful.; deed dokument 2 [doku'ment] cf: subutnama, zynat [zy:nat] n decoration zynat bermek to şahsyýetnama. n deed Şu jaý meniň hususy decorate eýeçiligimde durandygyny sübüt edýän dokument. decrease azalmak [a:zalmak] v to reduce, lessen, This deed is proof that I own the house. decrease Otlynyň gelmegine wagt azalýar. There's deep agras 3 adj deep agras ses deep voice; aşagy not much time until the train comes.; çekilmek [aşa:gy] adj deep down; berk 4 adj deep berk 3 v to diminish, decrease, drop (off), fall uka gitmek to go into a deep sleep; çuň adj deep Derýanyň suwy çekilipdir. The river's water level çuň derýa Çuň oýlara batyrýar. It makes one has dropped/fallen. Dutaryň iki kirşi deň think deeply. çuň bilim almak; çuňluk n deep çekilipdir. Kölüň suwy çekilipdir. Aşgabat – (place), depth(s); çuňlyk n deep (place), Daşoguz aralygyna daş ýol çekildi. Maşynyň depth(s); ýogyn 3 [ýogy:n] adj deep {voice} oturgyçlaryna gön çekilipdir.; peselmek 1 cf: peseltmek. v to decrease, fall, be on their way deeply zar-zar [za:r-za:r] adv deeply comp. zar- down Gök ekinleriň bahalary peselýär. The price zar aglamak of vegetables are decreasing.; peseltmek 2 cf: deepness ýogynlyk 3 [ýogy:nlyk] n deepness peselmek. v to decrease Toty guş ganatlaryny {voice} giň gerip, badyny peseltdi-de... The parrot spread deer sugun n deer its wings and decreased its speed... defeat derbi-dagyn [derbi-da:gyn] adv defeat decree perman [perma:n] n decree, order, edict derbi-dagyn etmek to break something up, rout patyşanyň permany bilen by the king's decree (an army), defeat someone Olar duşmany derbi- perman çykarmak to issue an order/edict/decree dagyn etdiler. They defeated their enemy.; dedicate bagyş etmek v to dedicate, devote; ýeňmek 2 v to defeat, beat donate Watanym üçin mal-mülkümi bagyş etmäge kaýyl. I was happy to donate my flocks and defect şikes n defect, deformity Ýol heläkçiliginde too long in the shop. Eglenme-de Aşgabada! hiç kim şikes almandyr. Seniň ýüregiňde şikes ýok. Hurry to Ashgabat! Eglenme-de, çalt gel! Do not defence adwokat [adwa'kat] cf: aklawçy. n delayed, come quickly!; gijikdirmek v to delay defence lawyer, barrister; aklawçy [a:klowjy] deliberately agras 2 adj deliberately agras cf: adwokat. n council for the defence, hereket etmek to do something (an action) barrister, advocate deliberately; bilgeşleýin deliberately defendant günäkär 2 n the accused, defendant delirium samyrdy 1 n delirium, mutter(ing), günäkärden sorag etmek to question/interrogate mumble, mumbling the defendant deliver ýetirmek 1 v to deliver, to carry deficit kemlik n lack (of), deficiency (in), something to someone Haty eýesine ýetirdim. I shortage (of), deficit kemlik etmek to be bissing delivered the letter to it's owner. ýetirjek saňa näme kemlik edýär? what are you short of?, bolmak to make something last Ol öz pikirini what are you missing? işçi güýjüniň kemligi oňa ýetirdi. He told her of his idea. Murad shortage of manpower ýeňsesine elini ýetirdi. Murad touched the back define kesgitlemek v to define, to determine of his head. comp. dil ýetirmek comp. göz bahasyny kesgitlemek to define the cost ýetirmek comp. ýerine ýetirmek comp. ýetirjek bolmak definite belli 2 adj definite, certain Dermany belli wagtda içmeli. You have to take the medecine at delivered gowşurylmak v to be delivered, be certains times of day. comp. belli bahasy ýok handed over, be given comp. belli derejede comp. bellisini etmek ; demand talap etmek v to demand, require, claim kesgitli adj definite, concrete, exact, clear Gyz democracy demokratiýa n democracy razy däldigini aýdyp, oglana kesgitli jogap berdi. democratic demokratik [demo'kratik] adj The girl answered to a boy definitely that she democratic demokratik respublika democratic does not agree. republic definitely asyl2 conjunction definitely Asyl ol ogry demolish ýykmak 1 v to demolish, pull down ekeni. He is definitely the thief.; hökman (e.g., building) comp. göwnüni ýykmak comp. [hökma:n] adv definitely, without fail, surely, öýüni ýykmak comp. ýykan-ýumran absolutely, undoubtedly, mandatory, obligatory demonstrate subut etmek [subu:t etmek] v to Men hökman gelerin. I shall come without fail. demonstrate, prove Ol hökman ol ýerde bolar. He is sure to be there, demonstration demonstrasiýa 1 he is bound to be there. hökman gelmeli. [demon'strasiýa] n demonstration Attendance is obligatory. demonstrasiýa etmek demonstrate ynsan degree(s) gradus n degree, degrees celcius, hukuklary ugrundaky demonstrasiýa human Fahrenheit Howanyň gyzgynlygy bu gün kyrk rights demonstration uruş hereketlerine garşy gradusa ýetdi. Today's maximum (temperature) demonstrasiýa etmek anti-war demonstration; is forty degrees (celcius). Çep burç - 30 gradus. görkezme 1 n showing, demonstration comp. The angle on the left hand side is 30 degrees. görkezme çalyşmasy delay eglemek v to delay, detain, keep (off) Ony den hin [hi:n] n den, lair, hole, form, burrow eglediler. He was delayed. say. Dostuňy egleme, garynja hini ant-hill nepden galmasyn, Duşmanyň saklama, syryň denial inkär n denial comp. inkär etmek bilmesin ; eglenmek v to stay too long, delay one's departure Ol dükanda eglendi. He stayed deny inkär etmek (comp. of inkär) to deny, to disclaim agzyny köpürjiklemek to foam at the mouth deposit (in a bank account), investment comp. depart daşlaşmak 1 v to depart, move away maýa goýun ; kän n deposit nebit känleri oil- (from) kenar kem-kemden daşlaşýardy the shore fields kömür känleri coal-fields Ýolötende täze receded nebit känleri tapyldy. A new oil-fields were found in Yoloten. depend_on garamak2 3 v to discuss, look at täze meselelere garamak look to new problems adam depositor goýumçy n depositor, investor

takdyryna adalatly garamak to look human life depot park3 2 n depot tramwaý parky tram depot fairly comp. bir ele garamak aftopark bus depot {public transport} dependence ýapjalyk n dependence ýapjalyk depressed keýpsiz 1 adj depressed, down, low ol etmek to be dependent (on) düýn keýpsizdi he was in a bad mood yesterday dependent bagly [ba:gly] adj to be connected depression oý1 1 [o:ý] n depression, low place with, dependent on Men kömek edip biljek däl, goýunlar oýa indiler the sheep went down the meniň elim bagly. to have one's hands tied - can't depression do anything Arassa tebigatyň ekologiýasy deprive dyndarmak 2 [dy:ndarmak] v to deprive adamlara bagly. The ecology of clean nature is someone of connected with people. Okuwçylaryň gowy depths jümmüş 1 n heart, depths, bowels, centre bilimi mugallyma bagly. The students' good tokaýyň jümmüşi the depths of the forest ýeriň learning depends on the teacher. Aýlyk jümmüşi bowels of the earth halkyň jümmüşinde hakymyz öndürýän önümize bagly. Our monthly in the midst of the people wage depends on how much we produce. deputy deputat [depu'tat] n deputy; orunbasar Obanyň saglyk ojagy sebitiň merkezi n deputy, assistant dekanyň orunbasary assistant keselhanasyna bagly. Your village clinic is dean direktoryň orunbasary assistant director connected with the region's central hospital.; minisriň orunbasary deputy minister bakna adj dependent on, subordinate, part of descend aşaklamak 1 [aşa:klamak] v to come the empire of 18-nji asyrda Hindistan Beýik down, descend, land Gün aşaklady. The sun has Britaniýaň bakna ýurduna degişlidi. During the sunk below the horizon.; düşmek 1 cf: 18th century India was part of the British düşünmek. v to come down, to descend, alight, empire.; garaşly adj dependent, subject garaşly get off, get down from Ol dagdan aşak düşdi. ýurtlar countries/states dependent on another She/he came down the mountain. Awusiýdik country garaşly bolmak to be subject (to) birine çagasy agaçdan aşak düşdi. The squirrel ran garaşly bolmak to be dependent on somebody down the tree. maşyndan düşmek to get out of garaşly ýurtlar dependent countries ; golasty the car atdan düşmek to dismount, get down adj dependent, colonial, subordinate golasty from a horse Atçapar atdan düşdi. The jockey ýurtlar tributary countries golastynda bolmak be dismounted. comp. abraýdan düşmek comp. aşa subordinate (to), be under the command (of); düşmek comp. aýagy düşmek comp. aýra ýapja adj dependent ýapja adam dependent düşmek comp. başy düşmek comp. çöke person düşmek comp. ele düşmek comp. gorka düşmek deposit girew 1 n deposit, [put down on comp. haldan düşmek comp. howsala düşmek borrowed goods] Men alan karzyma öz comp. jaýyna düşmek comp. küýüne düşmek maşynymy girew goýdum. I put my car as deposit comp. ökjesine düşmek comp. ruhdan düşmek for my borrowed money. [put down on comp. salkyn düşmek comp. surata düşmek borrowed goods]; goýmak 4 v to deposit comp. comp. tapdan düşmek comp. üstünden düşmek at goýmak comp. gadam goýmak ; goýum n comp. yşka düşmek comp. ýada düşmek comp. desires isleg-arzuw (comp. of isleg) adv desires ýola düşmek comp. ýürege düşmek ; eňmek 1 Goý, seniň isleg-arzuwlaryň amala aşsyn! Let v to come/go down, descend/to run your desires/dreams beçome true! basgançakdan aşak eňmek to run to downstairs; despite garamazdan conjunction in spite of, inmek [i:nmek] v to come down, to descend despite muňa garamazdan despite the fact that dagdan aşak inmek to come down the mountain despot zalym 1 [za:lym] n despot, tyrant Perişdeler asmandan aşak inermiş. Olary Alla destiny nesip 2 [nesi:p] n God's blessing; fate, iberermiş. It is said that Allah will send the destiny Men ertir bararyn, nesip bolsa. I'll go Angels and they will come down from the along tomorrow, God willing. Amerika gitmek heavens. comp. dünýä inmek comp. rehimiň maňa nesip etmedi. It was not my destiny to go inmek comp. täzeden dünýä inmek ; peslemek to America. comp. Nesip etsenesip nesip bolsa ; 1 v to descend, go/come down, lose height ýazgyt n predetermination, predestination, pesläp uçmak to fly low fate, destiny, fortune descendants nesil 1 n descendants Onuň nesli destitute zatsyz [za:tsyz] adj destitute [having no köp. His descendents are many. Ol özünden nesil possessions, without any belongings] galdyrmady. He left no direct descendents.; destroy bozmak 1 v to destroy Köne jaýymyzy perzentlik n descendants; zürýat [zürýa:t] n bozyp ýerine täze jaý gurmaly. Gadymy bozylan descendant(s), child(ren) ymaratlary täzeden dikeltmeli. Joram bilen çigit describe suratlandyrmak v to describe, to refer ýaljak zadyň üstünde öýkeleşip aramyz bozyldy.; to; teswirlemek to describe, give an account dargatmak v to destroy, wreck; gyrmak2 v to description wasp adj description wasp etmek to destroy, exterminate, kill möjekler gyrmak to depict Ol söýýän gyzyny wasp edip, goşgy ýazdy. kill wolves duşmany gyrmak to annihilate the desert çöl n desert ýarym çöl semi-desert; çöllük enemy Ot ähli zady gyrdy. The fire has n desert, wilderness destroyed everything.; heläklemek 1 v destroy, deserter gaçgak 2 n deserter comp. gaçgak haryt kill, annihilate, ruin; köýdürmek 3 cf: design proýekt 2 cf: programma, maksatnama. köýmek. v to destroy, to ruin ömrüňi n design jaýyň proýekti design of a building köýdürmek to ruin one's life; opurmak v to {drawing} destroy, demolish Sil köprini opurdy. The flood destroyed the bridge.; paýhynlamak 2 v to desire göwün 2 n desire göwünden turmak to destroy, wipe out, annihilate {fig}; ýumurmak satisfy one's desires göwne ýaramak to like v to destroy, demolish jaýy ýumurmak to comp. göwne almak comp. göwne gelmek demolish a house comp. göwne jaý bolmak comp. göwün bitgin comp. göwün hoşlamak comp. göwün-isleg destroyed wes-weýran [wes-weýra:n] (comp. of comp. göwün-kine comp. göwününe düwmek ; weýran) adv destroyed Sil bu obany bütinleý hyjuw 2 n wish, desire, thirst ar almak hyjuwy weýran edipdir.; weýran [weýra:n] adj thirst for revenge; isleg 1 n want, desire, wish, destroyed, demolished weýran etmek to destroy hunger öz islegi boýunça of one's own accord Ýer titreme şäheri weýran etdi. The earthquake isleg bildirmek to express one's wish comp. destroyed the city. weýran bolmak to collapse göwün-isleg comp. isleg-arzuw ; islemek 1 v to Wagt geçmegi bilen jaýlar weýran bolupdyr. want, desire, feel a need to do sth. islän wagtyň comp. wes-weýran ; ýykan-ýumran [ýyka:n- any time, whenever you want isleseň-islemeseň ýumra:n] (comp. of ýykmak) adj completely destroyed, demolished ýykmak etmek to destroy, demolish, ruin, wreck ýykmak bolmak to become destroyed, go to ruin, collapse die amanadyny tabşyrmak (comp. of amanat) destruction ýegsan [ýegsa:n] n - comp. ýegsan to pass away, to die; baky uka gitmek (comp. bolmak of uky) to go to sleep, die; dünýäden ötmek (comp. of ötmek) v to pass away, die; detail detal [de'tal] n detail, small part, gutarmak 4 v to die, pass away; müdimi uka component sagadyň detallary the parts of a gitmek (comp. of müdimi) to go to sleep, take clock one's last sleep Şahyr otuz üç ýaşynda müdimi detective sülçi n detective, investigator uka gitdi. Shahyr went to sleep at the age of deteriorate peselmek 2 cf: peseltmek. v to get thirty-three.; ölmek 1 v to die ölüp gitmek to die worse, worsen, deteriorate, take a turn for a öz ajalyňa ölmek to die a natural death; pahyr worse Syrkawyň haly peselýär. The patient's bolmak (comp. of pahyr) to die; üýtgemek 3 health is getting worse.; üýtgemek 2 cf: cf: üýtgetmek. v to die {children}; ýogalmak üýtgetmek. v to become worse, deteriorate 2 [ýo:galmak] v to die ol uruşda ýogaldy he died Howa üýtgejek bolýar. The weather is becoming in the war Abu Seýit ýogalandan soň musulman worse.; zaýalanmak 3 [za:ýalanmak] v to ruhanylary onuň guburynyň töwereginde onuň deteriorate, get into a bad state kultuny döredipdirler. Mane {fig} develop ýaýbaňlandyrmak cf: ýaýbaňlanmak. die_down ýatyşmak v to die down v to develop, expand söwdany ýaýbaňlandyrmak diet berhiz [berhi:z] adj diet Berhizde bolmak, to expand trade işi giňden ýaýbaňlandyrmak to adamy sagdyn edýär. Those who diet will be place the work on a broad footing healthy. develop_roots kök urmak (comp. of urmak) to differ tapowtlanmak v to differ, be different develop roots Täze ekilen gül kök urupdyr. A difference parh n difference parhy ýok. It makes newly planted flower had developed roots no difference. Maňa parhy ýok. I don't mind device apparat 1 [appa'rat] cf: enjam. n (either way). Onyň parhyna däl. It makes no appliance, apparatus, device foto apparat difference to him. parhy näme? What is the camera difference?; tapawut [tapa:wut] n difference devil iblis [ibli:s] n the devil Iblisiň aldawyna tapawudy ýok there's no difference; üýtgeşiklik gitme! Do not go to devil`s lies!; melgun 2 1 n difference, distinction matanyň biri-birinden [melgu:n] n devil ah, sen melgun! you little üýtgeşikligi the difference in material devil! different birhili 3 [birhi:li] adj different Her kim devotion wepa [wepa:] n faithfulness, devotion birhili oýlanýar.; saýyrdyň n different, special, wadada wepa bolmak; ybadat 2 [yba:dat] n standing out; tapawutly [tapa:wutly] different; devotion Gözellik ybadat täjini, takwalyk üýtgeşik 1 adj different, difference üýtgeşik gerdenligini dakynmakdadyr. Beauty is in the bolmak to be different bu mata ondan üýtgeşik wearing of the crown of devotion and the this cloth is different from that one jewelry of piety. differentiate tapawutlandyrmak dialect şiwe [şi:we] n dialect [tapa:wutlandyrmak] v to differentiate; diamond almaz 1 n diamond; göwher n diamond tapowtlandyrmak v to differentiate, göwher monjuk diamond necklace distinguish between, compare diarrhoea içgeçme n diarrhoea ganly içgeçme differently başgaça adj differently Her tireniň bloody discharge halylarynyň gölleri başgaça dokalýar. Each tribe diary gündelik 2 cf: gündeki. n diary, journal weaves their carpet pattern differently. dictionary sözlük n dictionary difficult erbet 3 adj difficult Onuň ýagdaýy erbet. dip basmak 6 v to dip Jenaýatçynyň barmaklaryny He's in a difficult situation.; inçe 3 [i:nçe] adj syýa basyp, yzyny aldylar. Criminals fingers difficult, hard; intricate, delicate inçe iş were dipped in ink, and their fingerprints were difficult/intricate work; kyn [ky:n] adj taken. say. Ody öziňe bas-ötmese kesekä comp. difficult, complicated, hard kyn mesele difficult ýüzüne basmak ; batyrmak v to dip, dunk task Bu örän kyn mesele. It is very difficult Çöregi gaýmaga batyryp iýseň süýji. If you dip issue.; müşgil [müşgi:l] adj difficult, hard, your bread in cream and eat it, it is sweet. complicated müşgil iş hard work müşgil mesele direct dogry 3 adj direct, straight dogry çybyk difficult task Onuň ýanynda müşgil iş ýokdy. He straight rod dogry çyzyk straight line comp. wasn't afraid of difficulties. Meniň ýanymda dogryňdan gel comp. to meet ; gönükdirmek 1 müşgil iş bolmaz. v to direct (to, at), turn, show the way (to); difficulties şaty adv difficulties gönükdirmek 2 v to direct (to, at), concentrate difficulty kynçylyk [ky:nçylyk] cf: problema. n ünsi bir zada gönükdirmek to direct one's difficulty, problem kynçylyklary ýeňip geçmek to attention to something; syrykdyrmak v to overcome problems kynçylyk döretmek to direct; ündemek 1 v to direct, show the way make/cause problems kynçylyk çekmek to have dogry ýola ündemek to set on the right path problems, to be in difficulty adalata ündemek to direct to justice dig depmek 2 v to dig, loosen (earth), tread directed gönükdirilmek 1 v to be directed (to), (grapes) ýer depmek to dig say. Eşek semrese, be turned (to/towards) direct (at, to); turn (to); eýesini deper ; gazmak 1 v to dig guýy gazmak aim (at), level (at) ; point (to, toward) () to dig a well kanal gazmak to dig a canal; direction salgy 1 cf: adres. n direction salgy gazynmak v to dig for oneself ýerküme almak to ask the way salgy bermek to show the gazynmak to dig an earth-house for oneself way, lead; tarap n direction, side öýe tarap in kartoşka gazynmak to dig in potatoes; işlemek the direction of home ol tarapda in that 2 cf: işleşmek. v to dig, turn over ýer işlemek to direction çep tarapda on the left-hand side; taý work the land; köwmek v to dig, make a hole 4 [ta:ý] n direction, area ruhy taýdan (in), to undermine, to sap içini köwmek to make spiritually, from a spiritual perspective comp. a hole (in) aşagyny köwmek to undermine suw fiziki taýdan comp. ol taýda ; ugruna 3 cf: derýanyň kenaryny köwüpdir the water ugur. n in the direction of Barýan ugruňy undermined the bank of the river üýtgedip bilmersiňmi? route?, direction? Şemal dignity mertebe 1 n dignity şahsy mertebäňi öz ugruny her minutda ütgetardi. The wind ýitirmezlik duýgusy self-respect adamkärçilik changed direction every minute. Biziň ýolymyz mertebeleri human dignities mertebäňi ýitirmek ugur, bile gidibereli. in the same direction Et to lose one's dignity mertebäňi saklamak to dukan haýsy ugurda ýerleşýar? in which stand on one's dignity; mertebe 2 n dignity, direction Sazyň ugruny üýtgedip, başkaça saz rank, position belent mertebe high position düzäýdik. Taýynlaýan çykyşymyzyň ugruny üýtgetdik. way (abstract sense, as in method) diligent mukym [muky:m] adj diligent, hard- Köp ene-ata çagalaryny dogry terbeýelemän working Ol şu toprakda mukym tutan adam. işine ugruna göýberýarler. let kids have their own berk mukym adam; yhlasly 2 [yhla:sly] adj way / go their own way Men şu otlardan diligent, conscientious yhlasly zähmet çekmek to derman taýynlamaň ugruny owrenýarin. way, work diligently method Kyn meseläniň çözmeli ugruny tapmak dill şibit n dill üçin mugallyma ýüz tutdyk. a way out Mähri dinosaur dinozawr [dino'zawr] n dinosaur tikinçilik ugurdan ökde. field comp. ugruna High not show any disasters to anyone.; ýitirmek comp. ugry barmak comp. ugur muşakgat 1 n disaster tebigy muşakgatlar tapmak ; ugur 1 cf: ugruna. post direction, natural disaster comp. muşakgat ýagdyrmak towards, in the direction of, by, at the side (of) disc disk n disk, disc, discus zyňylýan disk discus ýolyň ugry the roadside ýolyň ugrunda by the kompýuter diski computer disc road comp. ugruňy ýitirmek comp. ugry ýok discard taşlamak 1 v to throw away, leave comp. ugur almak comp. ugur çykmak comp. behind, abandon ugur haýyr bola! comp. ugur kowmak comp. disciple şägirt n student; disciple; apprentice {in ugur tapmak madrasa (mosque), in the workplace} director direktor [di'rektor] cf: ýolbaşçy. n discipline düzgün-tertip (comp. of düzgün) director, manager edaranyň direktory office regulations, system, body of rules Her ýerde,her manager kim bolsaňam düzgün-tertibi saklamaly. Everyone dirt çor n dirt, filth; çyrşak n dirt üst-başy çyrşak whoever they are, wherever they are, should çaga; kir 1 n dirt, filth kir bolmak to be/become keep the rules. Düzgün-tertibi bozsaň käýenç dirty kir ýuwulýan jam washing bowl (sem. eşidersiň. If you break the rules you will be domains: 5.6.3 - Wash dishes.) admonished.; düzgünlilik 1 n discipline dirty hapa 1 adj dirty, muddy, filthy hapa iş dirty Düzgünlilik işiň hilini hem ýetişigini work hapa eller dirty hands hapa bolmak to be ýokarlandyrýar. Discipline enhances quality and dirty hapa bolmak to be sad, be in low spirits progress. {fig}; hapalanmak v to get dirty/soiled; kirli Düzgünlilik gullukçyny bezeýär. Discipline adj dirty kirli geýim dirty clothes ol hemişe kirli makes a good worker. Jogapkärçilik adamy geýim geýýär. he always wears dirty clothes. düzgünlilige salýar. Responsibility makes a disagreement närazylyk [nära:zylyk] n person disciplined.; tertibe çagyrmak [terti:be disagreement, unhappiness närazylyk bildirmek çagyrmak] (comp. of tertip) v to discipline; to express/show one's unhappiness Harydyň tertip [terti:p] n discipline, order tertibe salmak eýesi närazylyk bilen ýüzüni çytdy. tidy up, put in order comp. tertibe çagyrmak disappear ýer ýuwutmak (comp. of ýuwutmak) comp. tertip-düzgün ; tertip-düzgün [terti:p- to disappear, vanish, be lost; to die; ýitmek 1 v düzgün] (comp. of tertip) n discipline to disappear off, vanish without trace dereksiz disciplined düzgünli 1 adj disciplined düzgünli ýitmek to disappear without trace say. garasy gullukçy disciplined worker Düzgünli ýitmek comp. gözden ýitmek ; ýogalmak 1 okuwçylaryň ýetişigi hem gowy bolýar. The [ýo:galmak] v to disappear (gradually), vanish, disciplined pupils’ progress is good. Ýyl kesilen be lost kem-kemden ýogalmak to disappear adam düzgünli bolsa wagtyndan öň boşadýärlar. gradually ???? Berdiýew öz düňgünligi bilen öz işdeşleriniň disappearance gaýyp [ga:ýyp] n disappearance arasynda tapawutlanýar. Berdiyev is different gaýyp bolmak disappear, vanish Ýylan birden from his colleagues because he is disciplined.; gözden gaýyp boldy. All of a sudden the snake tertipli [terti:pli] n disciplined, orderly vanished from sight. {religious} discomfort ynjalyksyzlyk 2 [y:njalyksyzlyk] n disassemble sökmek 1 [sö:kmek] v to take apart, discomfort disassemble, collapse sökülýän collapsible discount arzanlatmak [arza:nlatmak] v to disaster betbagtçylyk n disaster Allatagalla hiç discount something, reduce the price of kime betbagtçylygy görkezmesin. May God Most something, make something cheaper; düşmek 6 cf: düşünmek. v to give a discount comp. abraýdan düşmek comp. aşa düşmek comp. disgrace, bring shame or discredit on; be a aýagy düşmek comp. aýra düşmek comp. başy disgrace (to); ýüzüne gara sürtmek (comp. of

düşmek comp. çöke düşmek comp. ele düşmek ýüz2) a) to disgrace someone b) to lose all comp. gorka düşmek comp. haldan düşmek sense of shame comp. howsala düşmek comp. jaýyna düşmek disgraced ryswa [ryswa:] adj disgraced, shamed comp. küýüne düşmek comp. ökjesine düşmek ryswa bolmak to disgrace oneself, be disgraced comp. ruhdan düşmek comp. salkyn düşmek ryswa etmek to disgrace, defame comp. surata düşmek comp. tapdan düşmek disgraceful biabraý [bia:braý] adj disgraceful, comp. üstünden düşmek comp. yşka düşmek shameful biabraý bolmak to disgrace oneself, be comp. ýada düşmek comp. ýola düşmek comp. covered with shame biabraý etmek to disgrace, ýürege düşmek discredit, defame; namyssyz [na:myssyz] adj discover açyş etmek (comp. of açyş) to discover disgraceful, shameful Çarlz Darwin biologiýa ylmynda iňňän möhüm disgusting ýigrenji adj disgusting, loathesome, açyş etdi. Charles Darwin made momentous detestable, abominable ýigrenji görünmek to discoveries in biology.; bilmek 4 cf: bilgin. v look abominable/vile onuň görnüşi ýigrenjidi his to discover William Gilbert ilkinji bolup, elektrik appearance was disgusting, he had a toguny bilen adam. William Gilbert was the first disagreeble appearance to discover electricity. comp. bilip goýmak dish nygmat n food, dish, meal süýji nygmatlar discovery açyş n discovery, find comp. açyş sweets {cooked}; okara n bowl, large dish etmek ; tapyndy n find, discovery okara doly süýt. a bowl full of milk {wooden} discredit masgaralamak v to discredit, disgrace, comp. okaraňy getir süýt bereýin ; ýalak n defame water dish [for animals to drink from] discuss aýdyşmak v to discuss; garamak2 2 v to dishes gap-gaç [ga:p-ga:ç] n dishes, kitchenware;

watch, look after çagalara garamak look after gap2 1 [ga:p] n dishes, plates, crockery gap-jan children syrkawa garamak look after ill person crockery nahar iýilýän gaby a dinner service comp. bir ele garamak ; sözleşmek cf: dishonest haram 2 [hara:m] cf: halal-haram. gepleşmek. v to discuss adj illicit, dishonest, forbidden haram pul ill- discussion çekişme n discussion, debate, gotten gains comp. haram-halal argument çekişme guramak to organise a dishonour namysyna degmek 1 (comp. of discussion namys) to dishonour, disgrace, shame disease dert 1 n disease, pain, illness, ailment disjointed üzlem-saplam 1 adv disjointed, jerky dert ýamany - garrylyk. (Nakyl) The worst Soldatlar üzlem-saplam bolup gelýärdiler. illness is old age. (Proverb) Studentler üzlem-saplam bolup, klasa girdiler. disgrace abraýdan salmak (comp. of salmak) to dislike pislemek [pi:slemek] v to dislike, hate, disgrace; betnam [betna:m] adj disgrace conceive a hatred (for), come to hate ony betnam bolmak to disgrace oneself, be hemmeler pisledi all disliked him disgraced; uýat 1 n disgrace, dishonour Mahym dislocate çykarmak1 10 v to dislocate aýagyňy ýa uýat iş edipdir öýinden giden bolsa. Uýat bolar eliňi çykarmak Ol gyzyny durmuşa çykarmakdy. esger bolup öz dostlaryňy urüs meýdanynda taşlap comp. baş çykarmak comp. netije çykarmak gaçmak. Sportsmene uýat bolar olimpiadada comp. ýatdan çykarmak comp. ýüze çykarmak birinji ýeri almak üçin narkotik jisimlerini edip ýer dismiss çykarmak 3 v to dismiss, make someone almak.; ysnat [ysna:t] n disgrace, shame, 1 redundant, sack; to let someone go, fire infamy, ignomity, dishonour ysnat getirmek to someone Direktor ony işden çykardy. He was Parijiň arasy 4991 km. The distance between dismissed by the director. comp. baş çykarmak Ashgabat and Paris is 4,991 km. aradan çykmak comp. netije çykarmak comp. ýatdan çykarmak to pass on, no longer be with us comp. arany comp. ýüze çykarmak açmak ; aralyk [a:ralyk] n distance uzak / disorderly bidüzgün [bi:düzgün] adj disorderly, ýakyn aralyk long / short distance aralyk ýer in confused, untidy bidüzgün edara disorderly between; menzil cf: wokzal, stansiýa. n office bidüzgün ekilen baglar disordered garden distance uzak ation; umma 2 [umma:] n distance Asman ummasyndan gara bulutlar disperse dagamak 1 v to disperse, break up, be gelýardi. Çöl ummadyndan şagallaryň sesi scattered deregi dagamak For news to spread. gelýardi. E-hat üsti bilen biz giden ummadaky Ýel güýçlenende, ümür dagady. When the wind adamlar bilen habarlaşyp bilýaris.; uzaklyk 1 n strengthened the mist dispersed Toý sowuldy, distance Uzaklykdan kerwen görünsede ýene iki myhmanlar öýli-öýüne dagady. The wedding sagatsyz oba gelmezler. Balkanabat Aşgabatdan wound up and the guests dispersed to their 380 kilometr uzaklykda bolsada biz maşynda various homes. Halta ýarylansoň, tüwi dagap gitdik. gitdi. After the saddle-bag got torn, the rice fell out and was lost. ; pytramak 2 v to disperse; to distant daşky 3 adj distant daşky garyndaş distant dissipate; to clear away duman pytrady the relative mist/fog has cleared/lifted märeke pytady the distant_relative babadaş [ba:badaş] n distant crowd has dispersed relative Ejemiň kakasy bilen kakamyň kakasy display görkezmek 4 v to display batyrlyk biri-birine baba tarapdan ýegen eken, ýagny onuň görkezmek to display one's courage babadaşy. My mother's father is a nephew to my father's father on my maternal grandfather's displeasure nägilelik 1 [nägi:lelik] n displeasure, side, it turns out, that is his distant relative. discontent, dissatisfaction, disapproval; anger nägilelik bildirmek to express one's distinguish saýgarmak v to distinguish, dissatisfaction/displeasure differentiate, discern; to make out (the difference) garaňkyda onuň ýüzüni saýgarmak disputee dawakeş [da:wa:keş] cf: dawaçyl. n the kyndy It was difficult to distinguish her face in person you are arguing with, disputee the darkness; seljermek v to distinguish, dissatisfied nägile [nägi:le] adj dissatisfied, discern; to make out, tell between ýagşyny, discontented, displeased (with) nägile bolmak to ýamany seljermek to make out what is good and be dissatisfied/displeased ol senden nägile he is what is bad men onuň kimdigini seljerip bilmedim displeased with you I couldn't make out who he was dissolute ýoldan çykan 2 (comp. of ýol) spoilt, distort gyşarmak 1 [gy:şarmak] v to become dissolute, reprobate ýolunda durmak to bar crooked, to distort smb's road, be in smb's way distress hasrat n grief, distress, sorrow, trouble, dissolve eremek 2 v to dissolve Şeker suwda bitterness hasrat çekmek to grieve (for), be sad, eredi. The sugar was dissolved by the water. sorrow distaff çarh 1 n spinning-wheel, distaff distribute dargamak 1 v to distribute, scatter, distance ara 1 [a:ra] n distance, interval, space 2 spread; seçmek 1 v to give out, distribute, ara alyp maslahatlaşmak to discuss together scatter, throw; ýaýratmak 1 cf: ýaýramak. v arany kesgitlemek to define the distance Iki to distribute, disseminate Isa Palestinada dini dagyň arasyndan derýa akýar. In between the wagyz-nesihat ýaýrady. Jesus disseminated his two mountains flows a river. Aşgabat bilen teaching throughout Palestine.; ýaýratmak 2 cf: ýaýramak. v to spread, scatter Şygyry adamlaň bilen bölüşmegi öwretýan. Uly itimiz bagşylar ile ýaýrady. It was bards who spread kiçijek güjüjigimiz bilen bölüşip iýmegi halanok.; poetry among the people. dersi ýaýratmak to paýlamak 2 [pa:ýlamak] cf: paýlaşmak. v to spread manure gürrüň ýaýratmak to spread a divide ýigrimini bäşe paýlamak to divide twenty rumour giňden ýaýratmak to spread something by five {mathematics} far and wide divided bölekletmek 2 [bö:lekletmek] v to have district etrap [etra:p] n district, region, county, something divided, cut into smaller pieces tort area bölekletmek to cut a cake distrust ymykly1 2 n distrust, mistrust ymykly divine ylahy 2 [yla:hy:] adj divine etmek to display one's mistrust divorce talak divorce (fr. wife to husband) disturbing bimaza 2 [bi:maza:] adj disturbing, divorced aýrylyşmak v to get divorced, become anxious, restless bimaza etmek to disturb bimaza separated bolmak to be anxious Günortan aýdymy gaty do etmek v to do, make arzuw etmek to dream arz diňläp, mamamyň ukusyny bimaza etdim. I etmek to complain gulluk etmek to serve Seniň disturbed my grandma's sleep by listening to edeniňi menem ederin. What you have done I loud music at midday. will also do. Sen şu gün sapaklaryňy etdiňmi? disunited agzala [agza:la] adj disunited, in Have you done your lessons today? Onuň näme conflict edýänini bilýän adam ýok. No one knows what is ditch aryk [a:ryk] n drainage ditch; ýap [ýa:p] n he doing. Içerde gizlenip näme iş etdiň? What did irrigation canal, drainage ditch suwly ýap a you do by hideing inside? Tikin etmek üçin ditch with water ýap gazmak to dig a ditch zehin hem höwes gerek. For sewing need talent divide bölmek 2 [bö:lmek] v to divide, share out and desire. Pagtadan ýüplik edýan zawodda köp Alma satyp bar bolan söwdany ikä böldik. Hyýary işgär bar. Sitroýen,bu maşyn edýan zawod. amal ikä bölip arasyna duz sepip iýan. Sadaka aýdyp etmek to fulfill Men öz maksadymy amal etdim. I beren çöregimi bölip köçedäki çagalara paýladym. fulfilled my goal. arzuw etmek to dream/wish Çürän kartoşkany bir gapdala, gowysyny bir Mugallym uçurumlara täze durmuşda üstünlik gapdala böldik. Ejemiň sözini bölmän diňläp arzuw etdi. A teacher wished success in the new oturdym. Çigit çakyp otyrkaň arasyny bölmek life to the graduting students. Terbiýeçi kyn. Işläňde zol goh galmagal bolsa pikiriň Perhadyň ene-atasyna arz etdi. Trainer bölünip, işlemek kyn. Iri pulymy maýda complained to parents about Perhat. azat etmek böldirmesem çörek bilen süýt alara pul ýok. Toýda to redeem/to make free Gapana düşen tilkini biz şaýlyk seçer ýaly manadymy böldirdim. azat etdik. We made free a fox from snare. bes Matematika sapagynda bölmek belgisini geçdik. etmek to stop Şu bolgusyz gürrüňleriňi bes etmeli. On ikini dörde bolmek deňdir üç.; bölünmek 1 You must stop this meaningless talks. bizar [bö:lünmek] v to break up, get broken, divide, etmek to fed up dowam etmek to continue get detached Agaç ikä bölünip ýere gaçdy. The Maslahatdan soň ýene işlerimizi dowam etdik. wood broke into two and fell to the ground. After the council we continued our works. Elimden garpyz gaçyp üç dört bölege bölündi. The gahar etmek to be angry Oglum diýenimi water-melon fell out of my hand and broke into etmänsoň gahar etdim. I was angry because of four pieces. Ýapdan geçýan paýaplymyz orta my son did not obey me. Watana gulluk etmek bilinden bölündi. say. Bölüneni böri iýer ; her adamyň borjydyr. To serve to State is duty of bölüşmek [bö:lüşmek] v to divide (into), share every people. güman etmek to guess Agalarym Gyzyma kiçilikden gysganç bolman ýakyndar oba barandyr diýip,men guman edýärin. I guess my elder brothers would come to the village. ýygnamak 6 v to do, tidy up, clean up ýorgan- halas etmek to save Halas ediji oglanjygy düşekleri ýygnamak to make the bed saçagy ýangyndan halas etdi. Fireman saved a boy from ýygnamak to clear the table oňat hasyl fire. hereket etmek to make/do action hyzmat ýygnamak to gather in a good harvest poçta etmek to serve Men gelen myhmanlara hyzmat markalary ýygnamak to collect postage stamps etdim. I served to guests who came. mejbur odunlary bir ýere ýygnamak to stack firewood etmek to force to do smth Mejbur etmän öz köçeden ýygnamak to pick up in the street erkine göýberiň. Do not force, but let him go do_best jan etmek (comp. of jan) v to do one's free. neşir etmek to publish Ýazyjynyň täze best, do one's utmost Bu gyz bäsleşikde ýeňmek kitaby neşir edildi. A new book of write was üçin jan edýär. This girl does her utmost to win published. rehim etmek to mercy Özüňden ejize the competition. rehim etmeli. to mercy who is weaker than do_for bermek 3 v to do for Maňa ýazyp beräý. yourself. syýahat etmek to trip, to travel Syýahat Please write it down for me. etmek üçin biz bar goşlarymyzy taýarladyk. We do_like_that beýtmek v to do like that, behave prepared all our baggage for to trip. tans etmek like Beýtmek saňa utanç dälmi? Aren't you to dance Şu gün mekdebiň baýramçylygynda biz ashamed to behave like that? tans etduk. We danced today on behalf of do_like_this şeýtmek v to do something like this holdiday of school. tomaşa etmek Täze spektakyla höwes bilen tomaşa etdik. yhlas etmek do_quickly başdan sowmak (comp. of baş) to do Yhlas edip işleseň işiň gül bolup güllär. ýagşyly/ something quickly ýamanlyk etmek gark etmek Bäşim pişigi gark doctor doktor 1 ['doktor] n doctor (academic) etdi. gurban etmek Biziň kärhanamyz ýetimlere ylymlaryň doktory PhD, 'Doctor'; hekim 1 telewizor we magnitofon gurban etdi. gürrüň [heki:m] n doctor, physician, herbalist; lukman etmek Joram bilen telefon arkaly gürrüň edip [lukma:n] cf: wraç. n doctor çaga lukmany oturdyk. Soraglarymyz bilen mugallymymyzy pediatrician Lukman bolmak üçin himiýa, halys etdik. harç etmek Otagymyza täze öý goş biologiýa sapaklaryny gowy bilmeli. To be a almak üçin köp pullar harç etdik. hezil etmek doctor you should know chemistry, biology Çagalar çägäň üstünde oýnap hezil etdiler. mälim lessons well.; wraç cf: lukman. n doctor, etmek Bize täze düzgün etdiler. masgara etmek physician wraç aýal woman doctor harby wraç Sen bizi uly ile masgara etdiň. paş etmek medical officer, army surgeon weterinar wraç Jenaýatçy paş edildi. puşman etmek Indi öňki veterinary surgeon diş wrajy dentist wraç eden işlerime puşman edýärin. äht etmek Kyn çagyrmak to call a doctor; wraçlyk cf: günümizde biri birimize kömek etjekdigimize lukmançylyk, medisina. n profession or work joram bilen äht etdik. sübüt etmek Meniň of a doctor wraçlyk etmek to work as a doctor günäsizdigime aklawjy sübüt etdi. täsir etmek wraçlyk käri Gören filimimiz bize uly täsir etdi. umyt etmek Siz document dokument 1 [doku'ment] cf: bize kömek edersiňiz diýip umyt edýäris. üpjün subutnama, şahsyýetnama. n document, etmek Kärhanany gerek gurallar bilen üpjün etdik. official paper dokument etmek to document Meni soraglaryň bilen bizar etme-de, gidip, döwlet dokumenti state document Ýylyň soňunda sapaklaryňy et. Do not fed me up with your hasabat dokumentlerimizi barlap, jemläp baş questions, but go and do your lessons. Hereket hasapça tabşyrýarys. At the end of the year we etseň, bereket ýagar. If you dwill rain.o action, check our report documents and give the total blessing Ýagşylyga ýagşylyk etmek her kişiniň to the head accountant. Magtymgulynyň işidir, ýamanlyga ýagşylyk är kişiniň işidir.; döwründen dokument az galypdyr. Not many manuscripts remain from the Magtymguly era. soň dolap,bişirmeli. To prepare stuffed cabbage Meniň sürüjilik hukugyma degişli dokument. My you need to unroll a thin leaf and cook after driving license.; hat 5 n official document, filling with meat. [stuffed vine/cabbage leaves] certificate, deed hormat haty letter of dome gümmez 1 n dome metjidiň gümmezi the appreciation talak haty certificate of divorce dome of a mosque {colloq} comp. dil haty comp. hat-pet domed gümmez 2 n domed building gatnadýan ; resminama n official paper(s), domestic içeri 1 adj domestic, home, internal; document; subutnama 3 [subu:tna:ma] cf: household Içeri işler ministrligi Ministry of fakt. n document domestic affairs içeri syýasat home policy; dodge sapalak n dodge, subterfuge, evasion, içerki adj domestic, internal, home içerki wiles sapalakatmak to dodge, try to avoid doing syýasat domestic policy içerki otag inside room something, evade, elude içerki suwlar inside water döwletiň içerki doesn't_matter Zyýany ýok. (comp. of zyýan) It ýagdaýy inside situations of the country ýurduň doesn't matter, don't worry. içerki düzgünleri inside rules of country dog it 1 n dog aw iti hunting dog, hound, gun dog domestic_animals mal-gara [ma:l-gara] n goýun iti sheep-dog, hunting dog [a Turkmen domestic animals, sheep and goats, flocks mal- breed, "alabay", used as a sheep-dog and for gara seretmek to tend, look after animals hunting] comp. gününe it aglamak comp. Içimi dominion häkimlik 1 n dominion, rule häkimlik it ýyrtýar. comp. it alan sanaja döndermek etmek to dominate, have dominion (over) comp. it durmuşy comp. it masgarasy etmek donkey eşek 1 n donkey, wild ass Ol tüýs bir eşek comp. it ýaly ýadamak comp. ite it ölümi adam. he is as donkey. say. Eşek semrese, comp. ýürek it ýaramaz ; köpek n (male) dog eýesini deper Türkmen itleri daýaw we güýçli bolýarlar. doom kyýamat 1 [kyýa:mat] n doomsday, the Turkmen dogs are big and strong.; tazy [ta:zy] end of the world kyýamat güni doomsday, n hunting dog judgement day {religious} comp. başyňa dograma dograma n dograma (a thick soup made kyýamat düşmek from Turkmen bread, meat and onions) door gapy 1 n door gapyny kakmak to knock on a Türkmenleriň tagamly naharlarynyň birisi door agaç gapy wooden door comp. gapy-gapy dograma. One of the most delicious dishes in aýlanmak ; işik [i:şik] n door işigi açmak to Turkmenistan is dograma. Dograma malyň kelle open the door -aýagyndan we petir nany maýda dograp taýarlanylýar. Dograma is cooked/prepared dot nokat 4 n dot Alysdan göründi bir gara nokat. from the head and legs of animals from the Bilmedin men onda niçik hereket. From far off a herd, and sliced unleaven bread. [lamb broth black dot appeared. I don't know which way it with bread croutons mainly eaten at gurban was moving. comp. nokat göçürmek comp. bayram] nokatma-nokat comp. Onuň gahary soňky nokada ýetdi. doll gurjak n doll double goşalamak v to double, make a pair dollar dollar ['dollar] n dollar double-dealing ikiýüzlülik cf: ikilik. n double- dolma dolama n dolma (stuffed cabbage leaf) dealing, hypocrisy, dissimulation ikiýüzlülik Toýa kelemiň içine üwelen et salyp kelem etmek to play the hypocrite dolamasyny taýarladyk. We prepared stuffed cabbage for the wedding party. Dolama doubt güman [güma:n] n doubt, suspicion güman bişirmek üçin,hamyry ýuka ýaýyp et salanyňdan etmek to doubt, suspect güman edilmek to be suspected ; iňkis [iňki:s] n doubt iňkise batmak çekmek comp. ejir çekmek comp. el çekmek (gitmek) to doubt iňkise goýmak to make comp. gam çekmek comp. hasrat çekmek comp. somebody doubt, to cause doubt; şek cf: hor çekmek comp. jeza çekmek comp. keýp şübhe. n doubt; şübhe cf: şek. n doubt; çekmek comp. kynçylyk çekmek comp. nala şübhelenmek v to doubt, question Baýram öz çekmek comp. ýüzüne atanak çekmek comp. ukybyna şübhelenýär. Bairam questions his own zähmet çekmek comp. zyýan çekmek ; çyzmak ability. 1 v to draw, draw a line plan çyzmak to draw doubtful gümana [güma:na] adj doubtful, up a plan aşagyny çyzmak to underline Täze questionable, dubious Onuň geljegi gümana It is sözleriň aşagyny çyzyň. Underline the new doubtful that he will come. words. kagyzyň ýüzüne çyzmak; deňme-deň n draw deňme-deň oýnamak to play to a draw; dough hamyr 1 [hamy:r] n dough, batter hamyr golaýlaşmak v to come nearer (to), draw ýugurmak to knead dough nearer (to), draw near, approach Daň dove kepderi n dove, pigeon kepderi ketegi dove- golaýlaşýar. Day is breaking. cot(e), pigeon-loft Soňky jaňda kepderi uçurmak draw_out çekdirmek 4 v to draw out, extend işi däbe öwrüldi. It became a tradition to set a dove uzaga çekdirmek to draw out a job loose at the last bell. drawback ýetmezçilik n drawback, shortcomings down aşaklygyna [aşa:klygyna] adj down,

downwards depeden aşaklygyna togalanmak to drawer çeker cf: gapyrjak, ýaşik1. n drawer roll (somersault) down the hill; ruhsuz Stoluň çekerini aç! Open the drawer of the [ru:hsuz] adj sad, down, needing table!; çekme n drawer encouragement drawing çyzgy n drawing çyzgy kagyzy drawing doze irkilmek v to doze, slumber, be half asleep, paper çyzgy sapagy sleep lightly oturan ýeriňde irkilmek to doze dream düýş n dream, sleep Ol muny düýşündede while sitting; ymyzganmak v to doze, to görenok. He had never even dreamt of it. düýş slumber görmek to dream, have a dream (while draft garalama1 n draft, rough copy, rough note- sleeping) düýşe girmek to have a dream düýş book kanunyň garalamasy the draft of the law ýaly in a dream, dreamlike Aç towuk düýşünde dary görer./nakyl/ A hungry hen will dam of drag süýremek n to drag, tow süýräp barmak to millet. Prov. Toýum düýşde bolup geçen ýaly. It drag something along seems my wedding was in my dream.; düýşe dragon aždarha [aždarha:] n dragon girmek (comp. of düýş, girmek) v to dream, dragonfly teneçir dragonfly have a dream drainage zeýkeş n drainage zeýkeş maşyny dress beslenmek v to dress oneself up; drainage machine bezenmek v to dress up, smarten (oneself) up dramatise sahnalaşdyrmak v to dramatise, adapt Ol gowy bezendi. He smartened himself up. Kiçi for the stage/cinema, put on the stage/cinema jigim bezenmegi gowy gorýär. My little sister likes romany sahnalaşdyrmak to adapt a novel (for doing her make up and dressing herself up.; e.g. the cinema) köýnek 2 n dress aýal/gyz köýnegi dress içki drastic güýçli 3 adj strong, virulent, drastic, köýnek petticoat, vest comp. otly köýnek violent güýçli derman strong medicine geýmek comp. öz köýnegiň öz teniňe ýakyn draw çekmek1 14 [çekmek] v to draw, paint, dried guradylan adj dried copy Ol surat çekdi. He painted a picture. comp. ah çekmek comp. ahmyr çekmek comp. aýak drink içgi n drink, beverage alkogolly içgi rain ýagyşdan gaçyp, damja uçramak running alcoholic beverage alkogolsyz içgi non-alcoholic from the rain, to encounter a raindrop ; beverage, soft drink; içmek 1 v to drink comp. düşürmek 1 v dismount, descend, drop, put ant içmek comp. hudaýdan ant içmek ; down, take down, drop off Taksi meni öýüň ýuwmak 3 cf: ýuwunmak. v to drink (to) täze gabadynda düşürdi. The taxi dropped me off köwşi ýuwmak to drink to a new pair of shoes near my house. gabadyna düşürmek drop off maşyny ýuwmak to drink to a new car {colloq} near/at/opposite çagany eliňden düşürmek to drip dammak v to drip, fall Bu ýyl ýagyş put a child down Enem agtyklaryna elinden dammady. There hasn't been a drop of rain this düşürmän seredýär. My grandmother looks after year. children without putting them down. Agaja münen oglumy aşak düşürdim. I took down my drive gabamak 2 v to drive, round up, herd son from the tree. Sürüji düşelgede soňky Çagalar ýat myhmanyň daşyny gabadylar. ýolagçyny düşürdi. The driver dropped off the Children rounded up the unfamiliar guest. Olar last passenger at the camp. Gyzgynyňy goýunlary agyla gabadylar. They drove the sheep düşürmek üçin parasetamol ýa-da asperin içmeli. into the cattle-shed.; kowmak 3 cf: To bring one's temperature down you need to kowalaşmak, kowalamak. v to drive take Paracetamol or Aspirin. comp. ele (through) sygyrlary meýdana kowmak to drive düşmek ; gaçyrmak 3 v to drop, let fall kitabe the cows into the field comp. ugruna kowmak ; gaçyrmak to drop a book comp. bir heň sürmek 1 v to drive sürlen maşyn used car; gaçyrmak comp. boýun gaçyrmak comp. sürmek 2 v drive ýer sürmek to plough ynjalygyny gaçyrmak drive_away kowmak 1 cf: kowalaşmak, drop_from_tongue diliňden sypdyrmak (comp. kowalamak. v to drive out, drive away, drive of dil ) v let slip, talk indiscreetly, talk someone off, chase someone off öýden kowmak 1 carelessly Aýdylan syrlary diliňe berk to drive out iti kowmak to drive a dog away bolup,diliňden sypdyrma. Don't be indiscreet, but comp. ugruna kowmak keep secrets to yourself. driven_out/into kowulmak 1 v to be driven out, drop_off eltmek v to take someone somewhere, to be driven away drop off, send birini öýüne eltmek to take driver sürüji confer: şofýor; cf: şofýor. n driver, someone home sözlügi eýesine eltmek to take a chauffeur dictionary to its owner birini öýüne eltmek to dromedary düýe n dromedary, one-humped drop off someone to his home. Bu seni camel Haýwanat bagynda iki örküçli düýe ýaramazçylygyň üstünden elter. It will take you gördük. We saw a bactrian camel in the zoo. the bad.; taşlamak 2 v to drop, drop someone Düýe öz boýnunyň egrisini bilmän,ýylana egri off, throw Men seni öýde taşlap gaýdaryn. I'll diýermiş./nakyl/ You don't notice a log in your drop you off at your house then go home. own eye, but you notice a speck in someone dross galyndy 3 [ga:lyndy] n dross else's. Proverb Düýe köşegini gowy görse,hem drown gark 1 adv drown gark bolmak to drown, deper, hem gapar. If a camel loves its calf, it hits sink, go down comp. pikir derýasyna gark and beats it.; ner n dromedary, camel bolmak drop atanak çekmek (comp. of atanak) to drop, drug neşe 1 cf: narkotiki. n narcotic, drug neşe stop seeing Ol täze dostuna atanak çekdi. She söwdasy drug trafficking neşe çekmek to smoke dropped her new friend.; damja n drop Olar iň dope comp. neşesi ýetmek ; ýapy 3 n drug soňky damja ganlaryna çenli göreşdiler. They 2 (put on the wound) fought to the last drop. ýagyş damjasy drop of drug_addict neşekeş n drug_addict dune ulgam cf: sistema. n dune gum ulgamlary drug_addiction neşekeşlik n drug_addiction sand dunes comp. ulgam-ulgam drum dep n drum; deprek n drum depregiň sesi dung dökün 2 n dung, faeces dökün bolup ýatyr

the voice of drum {music}; nagara2 n large dung is lying around Tomus bazarda gök- drum nagara kakmak to play the fv:nagara önümden dökün bolýar. In the summer there is {music} dung on the produce in the market. Bakjamyz tomus aýlary gawun-garpyzdan dökün bolup drummer nagaraçy n drummer ýatýar. In summer there is dung on the melons drunk pýan cf: serhoş. adj drunk, tipsy pýan and water melons in our garden.; paçja n dung, bolmak to be drunk/tipsy pýan adam drunk excrement, droppings, manure; tezek n dung, man; serhoş [serho:ş] cf: pýan. adj drunk, cow dung, manure inebriated dungeon tussaghana [tussagha:na] n dungeon, dry duzlamak 2 [du:zlamak] v dry deri duzlamak prison dry leather bagana duzlamak dry leather Mal durability berklik 1 n durability, strength soýulandan soň derini duzlaýarlar. The leather is poladyň berkligi the strength of steel dried after slaughtered the animal.; gurak adj dry, draughty gurak klimat dry climate gurak durable durumly 1 adj durable, firm, lasting, meýdan dry field gurak howa dry weather; strong durumly mata durable cloth; ömürlik 2 guratmak [gu:ratmak] v to dry something adj durable, lasting, sturdy ömürlik edip salmak comp. gulak etini guratmak ; gury [gu:ry] adj to build sturdily comp. ömürlik uka gitmek dry gury ýel dry wind gury toprak dry soil; comp. ömürlik ýoldaş ; pugta 1 adj durable, yzgarsyz [yzga:rsyz] adj dry hard, solid, firm, strong pugta mata hard- wearing fabric pugta ýüp hard rope dry_out guramak2 2 v to dry out, dry up, get drier duration dowam 1 [dowa:m] n duration, continuation, course, process günüň duck ördek [ö:rdek] n duck ördek horazy drake dowamymda during the day Şu ýylyň ördek eti duck (meat) dowamynda bizde köp özgerişikler bolup geçdi. dug gazylmak v to be dug Ýap gazylyp gutaryldy. During this year we had many changes. Täze The irrigation ditch has been dug. jaýymyzy iki ýylyň dowamynda salyp gutardyk. dull körzehin 2 [kö:rzehi:n] adj dull, obtuse We completed the building of our new house körzehin okuwçy dull pupil; kütek 2 adj dull, over two years. Ýagyş dowam edýär. It's still slow, obtuse, dim kütek adam dull person comp. raining. dowam etdirilmek dowam etdirmek kütek burç dowam etmek ; dowamlylyk n duration dumbfounded aňk-taňk bolmak (comp. of aňk- during_period iç 4 post during the period of taňk) to be dumbfounded, surprised, taken Gyşyň içinde bazara gitmek kyn. It is diffiçult to aback Gözel gyzy gören ýigit aňk-taňk bolupdyr. go to the market during winter. {time} comp. When the boy saw the beautiful girl, he was daşy jäjek içi möjek comp. Içimde it uwlaýar. star-struck. comp. içine-daşyna geçmek comp. içiň gysmak dummy emzik 1 n dummy çaga emzik bermek to comp. içiňden geplemek comp. içiňden okamak give dummy to the baby boş emzik empty comp. içiňi tutup galmak dummy {Brit}; emzik 2 n pacifier {Amer} dust çaň n dust çaňyny kakmak to beat the dust dump zir-zibil taşlanýan ýer (comp. of zir-zibil) out of something; toz [to:z] n dust; tozan n rubbish dump dust comp. tot-tozan ; zibil 2 n sweepings, dust (from the floor) dutar dutar [du:ta:r] n dutar (a stringed baryny bilimli etdim. Şu gidişiňe erbet işleseň, instrument) Toýda bagşyň dutarynyň owazy işden boşadarlar diýip öňinden aýtmagy öz borjym ýaňlanýardy. The the dutar was played at the diýip hasap edýärin.; nobatçy 2 [no:batçy] adj wedding party. Men näme diýýän, dutarym näme on duty ... nobatçy şepagat uýasy peýda boldy. diýär./nakyl/ What I say, what my dutar says. ...the duty nurse appeared.; paç [pa:ç] n duty, Proverb [like a guitar but with two strings, and customs; tribute gümrükhana pajy customs duty the body is small like a gourd.] (sem. domains: paç tölemek to pay duty {fee}; parz 2 n duty, 4.2.3 - Music.) responsibility; farz; duty, responsibility Bu işi dutarist dutarçy [du:ta:rçy] n musician who etmek meniň üçin parz It is my duty to do this plays the dutar Dutarçy Mälik aganyň dutarlary work. I am obliged to do this work. ... iýip-içiň, Mary welaýatynda tanalýan dutarlaryň birisi. The soňra agyz beklemek parzyňyzy ediň. ... eat and dutar musician Malik aga’s dutars are one of drink and then fulfill your fasting farz. Öý the best known dutars in Mary welayat. eýesiniň berenini iýip-içmek myhmana üçin parzdyr. It is the responsibility of the owner of duties wezipe 2 [wezi:pe] n task, duties kyn the house to provide food and drink for the wezipe difficult task ýokary wezipäni eýelemek guest. {fig, religious duty for Muslims} kiçi wezipede işlemek müdirlik wezipesi Seniň wezipäň çagalaryň arassaçylygyna seretmek. dye reňk 4 n dye reňk çalmak to dye {soaking in a Seniň wezipäň gelen myhmanlary garşy almak liquid} comp. bugdaý reňk adam comp. reňki bolar. Biziň öňümizde jogapkärli wezipe durýar. gaçmak comp. reňkki agarmak comp. reňkki kyn wezipe nobatdaky wezipeler öçmek ; reňklemek 2 v to dye, colour saçyňy reňklemek to dye one's hair {soak in a liquid} duty borç 2 [bo:rç] n duty, responsibility borjuňy berjaý etmek to carry out one's duty, do one's dyed reňkli 2 adj dyed, coloured duty Atalyk borjyny ýerine ýetirip çagalarymyň dynasty nesilşalyk n dynasty

E e each hersi adj each, every hersi bir ýerden from morning ir turmak to get up early wagtyndan ir everywhere prematurely, before time comp. iru giç ; eagle bürgüt n eagle Haýwanat bagynda birinji irgözin [i:rgözi:n] adv early; a bit earlier; as gezek janly bürgüt gördim. Gök asmanda uçyp early as possible irgözin turmak to get up early; barýan bürgüdi surata aldym. I took a picture of irki 2 [i:rki] adj early irki gök ekinler early an eagle flying high up in the sky. vegetables irki çagalyk early childhood ear gulak 1 n ear Aýaly onuň gulak etini birsyhly earn gazanmak 1 v to earn işläp pul gazanmak to gazap dur. (der.) His wife nags him all the time. earn money by working Tamda gulak bar. Çüs! Sh! The walls have ears. earnings gazanç n earnings, salary, payment comp. Aýaly onuň gulak etini birsyhly gazap earring gulakhalka n earring pair of earrings dur. comp. Çüş! Tamda gulak bar. ear-ring ysyrga n ear-ring ysyrga dakynmak to early alabahar [a:labahar] adv early spring, wear ear-ring when spring breaks; ir [i:r] adv early earth gum n earth, soil, sand Garagum çöli the Başlamaga entek ir. It is too early to start. ertir Karakum desert; zemin [zemi:n] n earth irden tomorrow morning ir bilen early in the Earth ýer 3 n Earth Earth Ýer (sem. domains: edition neşir 2 n edition kitabyň ilkinji neşiri the 1.1 - Sky.) comp. ýer almasy comp. ýer hoz first edition of a book comp. neşir etmek comp. ýer tudana comp. ýerine comp. ýerine editor redaktor [re'daktor] n editor baş redaktor ýetirmek chief editor, editor-in chief (US) bölüm earthquake ýer titreme n earthquake redaktory sub-editor ease aňsatlyk [aňsatlyk] adv ease editorial_staff redaksiýa 1 [re'daksiýa] n east gündogar n east Uzak Gündogar The Far East editorial staff, editorial office gazetiň Ýakyn Gündogar The Near East redaksiýasy newspaper's editorial division žurnalyň redaksiýasy magazin's editorial Easter pasha 1 ['pasha] n Easter pasha günleri division redaksiýa bilen aragatnaşyk saklamak to days surrounding Easter {religious, Christian} keep good relations with the editorial staff easy aňsat [aňsa:t] adj easy; ýeňil 2 adv easy educated bilimli adj educated, literate Kärhana eat iýmek 1 v to eat köp iýmek to eat a lot Men gelen täze işgär ökde ýokary bilimli oglan. The iýip boldum. I've finished eating. comp. gamçy new worker is a skilful highly-educated lad. iýmek comp. gamyny iýmek comp. iýip-içmek Maksadyň alan gelni ýökary bilimli gyz. Maksat's eaten iýilmek 1 v to be eaten wife is well-literate.; okuwly adj educated, echo ýaň n echo literate okuwly adam educated person okuwly ecology ekologiýa [eko'logiýa] n ecology bolmak to be educated; ylymly adj educated economic ykdysady [ykdysa:dy:] adj economic ylymly bolmak to be educated ylymly-bilimli ykdysady aragatnaşyklar economic ties ykdysady adama hormatlamak to respect the educated and syýasat economic policy learned economical tygşytly [tygşy:tly] adj economical, education aň-bilim (comp. of aň) education, careful enlightenment, knowledge Okuwçylaryň aň- economise tygşytlamak [tygşy:tlamak] v to bilimlerini uniwersitete girmezden ozal economise, save, use sparingly barlaýarlar. The students are tested on their knowledge before they enter University.; bilim economist ykdysadiýetçy [ykdysadiýetçy] n 2 [bilim] n education başlangyç bilim economist; ykdysatçy [ykdysa:tçy] n primary/elementary education orta bilim economist secondary education bilim almak be educated economy hojalyk 1 n economy; ykdysadyýet bilim bermek educate Men medesina bilimini [ykdysa:dyýet] n economy syýasy ykdysadyýet almagy höwes edýärdim. I used to study political economy medecine with enthusiasm. bilim almak ; edge almaz 2 n edge, blade aýna kesýän almaz magaryf [maga:ryf] n education, glass cutter; çet 2 adj edge saçagyň çeti; etek 2 2 enlightenment halk magaryfy demografic n edge, border Biziň öýümiz obanyň eteginde education; ylym 4 n education ylym bermek to erleşýär. Our house is on the edge of the village. teach ylym almak to study, to get an education; Biziň öýümiz kölüň eteginde ýerleşýär. Our house ylym-bilim 2 n education {taught in school, is on the edge of the lake. comp. başyňy university} etegiňe salmak ; gyra 1 n edge, kerb educational_establishment okuw jaýy (comp. of edit düzetmek 3 v to correct, edit öz ýalňyşyňy jaý) educational establishment düzetmek to correct your mistake Işde göýberlen effect eser 2 n effect, feeling yşk eseri romantic ýalňyşlarymyzy düzetdik. We corrected the feelings Ýa oňa heniz yşk eseri ýetmedimikä?! Or errors of omission in our work. haven't his romantic feelings got though to you?! electrocute urmak 7 v to electrocute Öl eliň bilen effective netijeli [neti:jeli] adj effective, çyrany ýakmaly däl, tok urýar. comp. agyz efficacious, productive netijeli iş Terbiýäni urmak (dişlemek) comp. azm urmak comp. hars netijeli alyp barmaly.; täsirli adj effective, urmak comp. Hudaý ursun! (şert etmek) comp. influential kök urmak comp. nyşanadan urdy comp. özüňi oda urmak (özüňi kyn ýagdaýa salmak) comp. efficiency işjeňlik [i:şjeňlik] n business-like reňk urmak comp. sowuk urmak comp. urup character, efficiency Ol öz işjeňligi bilen açmak comp. urup aglamak (özüň ýamanlyk tapawutlanýar. He is very efficient.; netijelilik edip,ýene özüňi ejiz görkezmek) comp. ýama [neti:jelilik] n efficiency, productivity urmak (ýamamak) effort tagalla 1 n effort elegance owadanlyk 2 n elegance, smartness egg ýumurtga 1 n egg çala bişen ýumurtga soft- kostýumyň owadanlygy elegance of a suit boiled egg; egg (of a hen) ýumurtganyň sarysy elegant nepis [nepi:s] adj beautiful, elegant, fine yolk ýumurtganyň gabygy egg-shell ýumurtga nepis haly beautiful carpet nepis keşde guzlaýan towuklar good laying hens elegantly uz 2 [u:z] adv elegantly Gyzyl körteli Egypt müsür 1 n Egypt Müsür halky (sem. gelin uz basyp suwdan ýüzüp gelýan ýaly gelýar. domains: 9.7.2.1 - Names of countries.) elephant pil 1 n elephant pil çagasy elephant calf eight sekiz num eight sekiz ýüz eight hundred 2 pil süňki ivory comp. peşeden pil ýasamak sekiz-sekizden by eights comp. piliň gulagynda uklamak eighth sekizinji adj eighth sekizinji klasda okamak elevate beýgeltmek 2 v to elevate, raise up Onuň to be in the eighth form wezipesini beýgeltdiler. They raised him up to a eighty segsen num eighty segsen ýaşynda at the high position. Suwuň joşup geljek ýerine çägeden age of eighty bent edip beýgeldýärler. They place sand higher elbow tirsek n elbow and higher to stop the water overflowing as it elder aksakgal 2 [a:ksakgal] n village elder; rises up. comp. tumşugyňy beýgeltmek arçyn n village elder; kethuda [kethuda:] n ellipsis köp nokat (comp. of köp) ellipsis or elder, boss Toýuň kethudasy kim? Who is the suspension points elder/boss of the wedding party?; ýaşuly 2 eloquent dilewar 1 [dilewa:r] n eloquent, witty [ýa:şuly] n elder ýaşulylar maslahaty Council of Orator adamlar dilewar bolýarlar. Orators tend Elders to be eloquent. Dilewar bolmak üçin gepe çeper election saýlaw n election hem ýiti zehinli bolmaly.; gepçi 1 adj eloquent electric elektrik 1 [elek'trik] adj electric elektrik gepçi adam gossiper energiýasy electric power elektrik kofe maşyny e-mail e-hat e-mail, message sent by electronic electric coffee maker mail electrician elektrik 2 [elek'trik] n electrician embargo gabaw 2 [ga:baw] n embargo ykdysady Çyralary bejermek üçin elektrik geldi. an gabaw economic embargo electrician came to fix lamps.; montýor 1 n embarrass duzlamak 3 [du:zlamak] v to hurt, electrician montýor bolup işlemek to work as an embarrass dil bilen duzlamak to hurt or electrician elektrik montýory embarrass someone with your (sharp) tongue electricity tok [to:k] n electricity tok öçdi the Ýeňňemiň duzlap aýdan sözleri henizem electricity has gone off ýüregimde ok bolup dur. The salty words of my sister-in-law is still needle into my heart. Sen Jepbary baý duzladyň-ow! You hurted Jepbar so emphasize nygtamak v to emphasize, stress, much.; utandyrmak 2 v to embarrass Merdan mark aýratyn nygtamak to particularly Maýsaň gözleri owadan diýip utandyrdy. emphasize nygtap geçmek to emphasize embarrassed utanjaň adj embarrassed Leýli empty boş adj empty, vacant Boş aap çanaklary pianinoda gowy saz çalýar, ýone utanjaň bolany ýuwmak üçin saçagyň üstünden çöpleşdirip aldym. üçin öwip bir zat diýseň derrew guzarýar. Boş duran bedreleri suwdan doldurdym. comp. "Aşgabat gözeli" bäsleşiginde Şirin utanjaň bolany agzy boş comp. boş söz comp. eli boş ; sebapli gatnaşyp bilmedi. Gülşat utanjaň bolansoň boşatmak 2 v to empty Kwartirant ýaşap oturan surata düşürjek bolsalar ýüzüni eli bilen jaýymyzyň eýesi otagyny boşatmagymyzy haýyşt ýapýardy. etdi. Wezipesinden boşatmaklaryny haýyşt etdi. embarrassment utanç 1 n embarrassment, Gyzym agşamlaryna bir süýtli çüýşäni boşatman shyness ýatanok. içerini boşat wezipeden boşatmak daňylgy mallary boşatmak; dökmek 3 v to embassy ilçihana [i:lçiha:na] n embassy Biziň empty, get rid of, dump, strew, scatter Sülçi ýurdumyzda köp ilçihanalar bar. There are many içerini dökdi. The investigator got rid of the embassies in our çountry.; wekilhana house. Bar içerini dökdüm, ýöne gapjygymy [weki:lha:na] n embassy iňlis wekilhanasy tapmadym. I emptied out the entire contents but embers köz [kö:z] n embers, charcoal didn't find my purse. Ogry aýnadan girip, öýi Magtymguly tur goluňy köze goý, eger dözebilseň döküpdir. The thief entered through the kylgyl bu işi. Magtymguly, go and take an window, and removed the contents of the embers on your hand, make it happen, if you house. Galan nahary dökme,itimize bereris. Don't are able to do it. comp. köz üstünde oturan throw away the leftovers, we'll give it to our ýaly dog. ýola çäge dökmek scatter sand on the road emblem gerb n emblem döwlet gerbi State Gyşyna maşynlar taýmaz ýaly ýola buz dökýärler. Emblem They scatter salt on the road in winter to stop embrace gujak 1 n embrace, hug; gujaklaşmak v the cars skidding. mallara ot dökmek to scatter to embrace, hug one another duşuşykda hay for the animals comp. abraýyňy dökmek ; gujaklaşmak to hug one another on meeting pöwhe adj empty, hollow, meaningless; puç embroider tikmek v to embroider, sew [pu:ç] adj empty, wasted, hollow comp. puç embroidered keşdeli adj embroidered Talyp bolmak comp. puja çykarmak gyzlar we zenan mugallymlar diňe keşdeli köýnek empty_words agzy boş 1 (comp. of agyz, boş) geýmeli. Student girls and women teachers must empty words, meaningless prattle başy boş wear only embroidered dresses.; nagyşly 2 adj enamel syrça 1 n enamel kitriň syrçasy gopdy the embroidered nagyşly köýnek embroidered dress enamel on the kettle has come off comp. syrçaň embroideress keşdeçi n embroideress, synýarmy näme? embroiderer, someone who embroiders Keşdeçi enclose aýlamak 2 v to enclose, fence in mellegiň gyzlar owadan milli lybaslary tikýärler. The girls daşyna haýat aýlamak to fence in a plot of land who do embroidering make beautiful national ýüküň daşyna ýüp to bind something with string clothes. ? emotional joşgunly 2 [jo:şgunly] adj animated, encounter uçramak v to get, encounter, suffer, agitated, stormy, emotional, enthusiastic, have to put up with Men bir derde uçradym. I fervent joşgunly söz emotional speech was made to sweat. I had to suffer. Sen ýuka geýinseň, öýken keseline uçrarsyň. If you dress lightly, you will get pneumonia. Maşyny sürüp kynçylyklara döz geldi. He endured many barýarkam, tigiri sypyp men howpa uçradym. difficulties. Ýanyňda dost,ýar bolsa kynçylyklara While I was driving the car, the wheel slipped döz gelýäň. If you have a friend you endure any and it got quite dangerous. Dostlar bolup suwa difficulties. Uly kynçylyklara döz gelmek üçin öz düsüp durkalar Meýlisi ýylan çakyp bir bela güýjüňe ynam bolmaly. To endure major uçrady. While friends were swimming Meylis difficulties you must be self-confident. Syrkaw was unfortunate enough to be bitten by a güýçli agyrylara döz geldi. The sick man bore snake.; ýolukmak v to encounter, find oneself intense pain (in), fetch up bir bela ýolukmak to get into enemy duşman [duşma:n] n enemy Duşmandan trouble, come to grief ýagşylyga garaşyp bolmaz. Do not expect good end aýak 3 cf: tormoz. n end Gyş aýaklady. fi:lit from your enemy. Duşmanyň gülenine Winter is ending. Derýanyň aýagy deňze direýär. ynanma./nakyl/ Do not believe your enemy’s The river finishes at the sea. aýaga galmak to smile. Proverb duşman bolmak to be enemies stand on one's own two feet aýak asty bolmak Irdenki naharyňy özüň iý,günortan naharyňy bottom of foot, under foot aýagy ýer tutmak just dostuň bilen paýlaş,agşam naharyňy duşmanyňa starting to walk aýagyňy dürs basmak to walk ber. Eat your breakfast yourself, share your correctly (lit. and fig.) comp. aýaga düşmek dinner with your friend and give your supper to comp. Aýagyny bas! comp. aýagyňy kesmek your enemy. Duşmanyň goşuny derbi-dagyn comp. aýak bagy bolmak comp. aýak çekmek edildi. The enemy's army has been destroyed. comp. aýak diremek comp. aýak goşmak comp. Kiçijik düşünişmezlik üçin duşman bolduk. From a aýak ýoluna çykmak ; uç 1 [u:ç] n end of cloth, small misunderstanding we became enemies. string etiň ujundan from the end of the meat Duşman gazanmak aňsat, ýöne hakyky dostlugy comp. kelebiň ujuny ýitirmek (bulaşmak) gazanmak kyn. It is easy to become an enemy, comp. ýeriň aňry ujy (gaty uzak) but it is hard to find a true friend. Çilim end_times ahyrzaman [a:hyrzama:n] n the end saglygyň duşmanydyr. Cigarettes are a danger to times, end of the world, last judgement health. ; ýagy n enemy, opponent ýagy çozmak for an enemy to attack endeavour eliňde baryny etmek (comp. of el) to endeavour, to do everything in one's power energy energiýa [e'nergiýa] n energy elektrik Siziň meseläňizi bitirmek üçin elimde baryny energiýasy electric energy gün energiýasy sun ederin. I will do everything in my power to energy or energy of light; gujur n energy, solve your problem.; eliňden gelenini etmek power, strength comp. gujur görkezmek (comp. of el) to endeavour, to do everything in engaged adagly [a:dagly] adj engaged one's power Ýetimlere eliňden gelenini etmek engine motor 1 [mo'tor] n engine, motor sogap bolar. To do everything in your power to awtomobiliň motory car engine motory otlamak orphans is kindness. to crank the motor endless ummasyz 1 [umma:syz] adj endless, engineer inžener [inže'ner] n engineer baş limitless Türkmenistanyň ýerasty baýlyklary inžener chief engineer inžener-mehanik ummasyz. Ummasyz ýyldyzlar patrak ýaly peträp mechanical engineers durdylar. England Angliýa ['Angliýa] n England (sem. endurance takat [ta:kat] cf: sabyr-takat, sabyr. domains: 9.7.2.1 - Names of countries.) adj endurance, tenacity English iňlis 2 [iňli:s] adj English iňlis dili endure döz gelmek (döz) v to endure, bear, English, the English language Biziň stand, withstand, experience Ol köp mekdebimizde hepdede üç gezek iňlis dili sapagy bar. There is an English lesson in our school for into history täze kluba/topara girmek to join a three times a week. new club/group Myhman içeri girdi. The guest Englishman iňlis 1 [iňli:s] n a person from went inside. Maşyn şähere girdi. The car entered England, English nationality, things Iňlis the city. comp. düýşe girmek comp. jan girmek aýallary örän akylly. English women are very comp. sana girmek clever. Dünýäde iňlisleriň puly güýçli. English entertainment hödür 1 n invitation, feasting, money is pewerful in the world. entertainment, diversion, provision of food or engraft sapmak 2 v to engraft (something upon) drink hödür etmek to treat (somebody to), almany armyda sapmak to engraft the apple-tree entertain (somebody to), to offer a little upon the pear-tree (sem. domains: 1.5 - Plant.) diversion, to provide a little something comp. iňňä sapaýmaly enthusiasm höwes 1 n enthusiasm, interest, enjoyment ýakym n enjoyment, pleasure pleasure höwes etmek to be enthusiastic, to desire enmity duşmançylyk [duşma:nçylyk] n enmity, hostility, animosity duşmançylyk etmek to have entitled hukukly [huku:kly] adj having rights, a feud (with) duşmançylykda bolmak to be on enjoying rights, entitled deň hukukly hostile/bad terms with someone Öňki asyrda possessing/enjoying equal rights doly hukukly köp döwletler biri-birine duşmançylyk edýärdiler. enjoying full rights hukukly bolmak to have the In the last century many states were enemies right (to), be entitled (to) comp. hak-hukukly with each other. Duşmançylykda bolmak öz entrance girelge [gi:relge] cf: podýezd. n saglygyňa zyýan ýetirmek. To be an enemy is entrance; girme [gi:rme] n entrance, access bad for your health. entreat küýsemek 3 v to entreat enough bes adj enough Öz gazanjym maňa bes! entrepreneur telekeçi 1 n entrepreneur What I have earned is enough for me! comp. envelope bukja 2 cf: konwert. n envelope; bes etmek ; ýeterlik adv enough, sufficient, konwert ['kanvert] cf: bukja. n envelope ol adequate ol ýeterlik ýatmandy He didn't get haty konwerte salyp, konwertiň agzyny ýelimledi enough sleep. he put the letter into an envelope and sealed it entangle dalaşmak [da:laşmak] v to be entangled envious bahyl [bahy:l] adj envious; görip entangled bulam-bujar 1 adj entangled, obscure, [gö:ri:p] n envious person görip bolmak to be complicated Ýarym ýyldan bari, bulam-bujar envious; içigara 1 n someone who is envious, jenaýat işini ahyryn çözildi. or a person with ill-intentions (towards) içigara enter aralaşmak [a:ralaşmak] v to enter, for adam an envious person something or someone to make (it's) way enviousness göriplik [gö:ri:plik] cf: göripçilik. through Biz şähere aralaşdyk. We are trickling n enviousness into the city. Ümsümlik aralaşdy. A silence fell. environment daşky sreda (comp. of sreda) the Ýüregime howsala aralaşdy. Anxiety has entered environment my heart.; girişmek 1 [gi:rişmek] cf: girmek. environs aýlaw 3 n environs, surrounding area v enter Hemmeler içerik girişdiler. They all envoy ilçi 2 [i:lçi] n envoy, messenger her bir entered the room. ; girmek 1 [gi:rmek] cf: türkmen obasynyň öz ilçisi bolupdyr Every girişmek. v to enter Uniwersitete giren bolsam, Turkmen village had their own messengers men hem okardym. If I had got into university I [between two armies]; wekil 2 [weki:l] n would also have studied. Men kärhana işe envoy ynanylan wekil plenipotentiary wekil girdim. I've got an office job taryha girmek to go ibermek Maslahata her welaýatdan üç wekil geldi. ynanylan wekil işleri wagtlaýyn ynanylan wekil serenjamlamak [serenja:mlamak] v to equip, halk wekilleri Halk Maslahatynyň wekilleri ol uruş get ready nesliniň wekili metbugat serişdeleriniň wekilleri equipment abzal 2 n equipment, outfit, rig bilim pudagynyň wekilleri Allanyň wekili gymnastika abzallary gymnastics equipment; Pygamberiň wekili enjam 1 [enja:m] cf: apparat. n equipment, envy bahyllyk [bahy:llyk] n envy; göripçilik appliance medisina enjamlary medical [gö:ri:pçilik] cf: göriplik. n envy göripçilik equipment öý-hojalyk enjamlary farming etmek to envy göripçilik bilen with envy, equipment; enjamlaşdyrma [enja:mlaşdyrma] enviously; görübilmezçilik n envy n equipment, equipping; serenjam [serenja:m] görübilmezçilik etmek to envy; içigaralyk 1 n n equipment, outfit serenjam bermek to envy içigaralyk etmek to envy administer, put things in order epilepsy garaguş2 n epilepsy garaguş agyryly era eýýam [eýýa:m] n era, time, times gadym epileptic garaguş tutmak to have epileptic eýýamda in olden times bu eýýamda in these {medical} times Nuh eýýamynda in Noah's time comp. b.e. epoch zamana [zama:na] n time, epoch biziň b.e. öň zamanamyzda in our time, nowadays erase bozmak 3 v to erase, rub out Galam bilen equal barabar 1 [bara:bar] adj approximately, is ýazsaň, ýalňyşyňy bozmak aňsat. Ýerde hek bilen around Goýunyň agramy kyrk kilo barabar. A çekilen suratlary, ýagyş ýagyp bozdy.; pozmak v sheep's weight is around forty kilos.; deň 1 adj to erase; break, ruin equal, the same, even ikisem deň they're both eraser bozguç n eraser, (pencil) rubber Mekdep the same Bu gawunlaryň ikisem deň. Both esbaplarynyň içinde hökman bozguç bolmaly. melons are the same. deň göz bilen Ejem birinji gezek bozguçly galam getirende men görmek/garamak to look at equally deň garamak örän begendim. to count equally deň şertde of the same erect dikmek 3 v erect (a tent), put up, build, to condition deň ululyk equal size deň bölmek to stand (something) up straight çadyr dikmek to divide equally Oýun deň tamamlandy. the game erect a tent finished egually. comp. deň agramlylyk ; taý 2 errand sargyt cf: zakaz. n errand, commission, [ta:ý] n equal, peer comp. fiziki taýdan comp. assignment, order biriniň sargydyny bitirmek to ol taýda do smb's assignment sargyt etmek to assign, equalise deňlemek v to make equal, equalise, to order, ask even escape gaçmak 2 v to escape comp. gaharyň equality deňlik n equality güýçleriň deňligi gaçmak comp. gany gaçmak comp. keýpiň equality of forces deňlik alamaty sign of gaçmak comp. ukyň gaçmak comp. ysgyndan equality {mathematics} gaçmak ; gaçyp gelmek (comp. of gelmek) to equally gyradeň adv equally, smoothly gyradeň escape kesmek to cut smoothly especially beter 1 adv especially, particularly, equip abzallaşdyrmak v to equip, fit out, kit out unusually Has beter ol agşamlaryna işli. He is edarany täze tehnika bilen abzallaşdyrmak to especially busy in the evenings. Bu gün ol beter equip an office with new technology; şat. He is unusually happy today. enjamlaşdyrmak [enja:mlaşdyrmak] v to essential wajyp 2 [wa:jyp] adj essential, equip, fit out täze tehnika bilen enjamlaşdyrmak fundamental wajyp wezipeler Arassa agyz suwy - to supply with modern equipment; wajyp mesele Meniň üçin iňlis dilini öwrenmek wajyp mesele. wajyp amallar dindäki wajyp eternal, everlasting müdimi şöhrat müdimi amallary berjaý etmek ýaşaýyş comp. müdimi uka gitmek establish berkarar etmek [berkara:r etmek] eternity ebedilik [ebedi:lik] n eternity (comp. of berkarar) to establish 1995-nji ýylda Ethiopean hebeşi adj Ethiopian, African (sem. Birleşen Milletler Buramasy garaşsyz domains: 4.1.2 - Types of people.) Türkmenistana bitaraplygy berkarar etdi. In 1995 euphonious owazly [owa:zly] adj euphonious; the United Nations establed Turkmenistan as a melodious, sweet-sounding, sounding pleasant, neutral country. dölweti berkarar etmek to harmonious owazly ses melodious voice owazly establish the state; girizmek 4 [gi:rizmek] v seslenmek to sound melodiously establish kanun girizmek to establish a law Euro Ýewro n Euro (monetary unit) comp. teklip girizmek ; gurmak 3 v to put, Europe Pereň n Europe (sem. domains: 9.7.2.2 - establish, place, install gapan gurmak to install a Names of regions.); Ýewropa n Europe (sem. trap; jaýlamak 1 [ja:ýlamak] cf: jaýlaşmak. v domains: 9.7.2.2 - Names of regions.) to put in place, establish Men harytlarymy şäherde jaýladym. I deposited my goods in the evaporate bugarmak [bu:garmak] v to city. evaporate, exhale, turn into vapour, vaporise Fizika sapagynda mugallym bugaryş prosesini established berkarar [berkara:r] adj established görkezdi. Hammamdan çykaňda endamyň comp. berkarar etmek ; ornaşmak 3 cf: bugaryp dur.; uçmak 4 v to evaporate Himiýa ornaşdyrmak. v to be settled, be established sapagynda mygallym opyt geçirip, reaksiýa Şeýle hem olar günorta Italaýada ornaşýarlar. In bolanda, elementler uçup gidişini görkezdi. Ýagyş this way they were established in southern ýagandan soň, gün erbet gyzdyrsa suw bugaryp Italy. uçýar. comp. gözüňden uçmak (gözüňden esteem abraý [a:braý] n esteem, respect, honour, ýitirmek) comp. kelläňden uçmak (ýadyňdan prestige, (good) reputation abraýa eýe bolmak çykarmak) to be keeper of one's own reputation Türkmen even hatda adv even, even so, even then, atlarynyň dünýäde uly abraýy bar. Turkmen anyway, although; jübüt 1 cf: jüp. adj even horses are esteemed around the world. jübüt san even number Birine süýji berseň, jübüt abraýyny dökmek to discredit comp. abraýdan bermeli. If you give sweets to someone you düşmek should give an even number. [Turkmen buy an esteemed hormatly adj respected, esteemed, even no. of sweet things, an odd no. of savoury distinguished, honoured hormatly myhman - strong or spicy things] {mathematics} guest of honour, distinguished guest evening agşam adv evening, night şu gün agşam estimate çenlemek v to estimate, guess biriniň tonight, this evening; ýassy adj evening ýassy ýaşyny çenlemek to estimate someone's age namazy evening prayer ýassy namazyny okamak eternal baky [ba:ky] adj for ever, eternal, to say an evening prayer {religious} everlasting Şäher merkezinde baky ot ýanýar. In evenly endigan [endiga:n] adv evenly endigan the city centre they have an undying flame. Şu ösmek to develop evenly suraty jorama baky ýädygarlik üçin berýärin. I'm event hadysa 1 [ha:dy:sa] n event, case, incident, giving this this photo to my friend as a accident, adventure geň hadysa unusual event; keepsake (for ever).; ebedi 1 [ebedi:] adj hekaýat 1 [heka:ýat] n tale, event, incident, eternal, for ever, everlasting ebedi ýaşamak the story of what happened Aýdyber, düýn (lit.) to live for ever ebedi berkarar bolmak to nähili hekaýat boldy. Tell me the story of what establish forever; müdimi [müdi:mi] adj happened yesterday.; waka 1 [wa:ka:] n event, evil_eye göz-dil n the evil eye göz-dilden saklamak incident syýasy waka taryhy waka historical to protect someone against/from the evil eye event exact takyklyk 2 [ta:ky:klyk] n accurate, exact every her adj every, each her bir every her hili exactly aýny adj exactly, quite; edil 2 adv every kind, all sorts, various, different her kes, exactly, on the dot, sharp edil sagat onda at ten her kişi everyone her kim anybody o'clock exactly edil wagtynda in the sharp time; every_other_day günaşa [güna:şa] adv every hut 1 - namely, exactly, really, just so Bu hut other day, alternate days Ol günaşa gelýär. He meniň gözleýän zadym. That's just what I was comes every other day. looking for.; nokatma-nokat (comp. of nokat) everyone öň ýeten (comp. of öň) everyone, exactly, word for word anyone exactness anyklyk n exactness, precision, everything haram-halal [hara:m-hala:l] (comp. accuracy Kanunda anyklyk gerek. Laws must be of haram) n clean and unclean, forbidden and exact. allowed, everything exaggerate çişirmek 3 [çi:şirmek] v to everywhere dumly-duş [dumly-du:ş] adj in all exaggerate, to overestimate, to overstate directions, to the four winds, everywhere, all mesaläni çişirmek to exaggerate a problem over dumly-duş gum-guklyk total silence dumly- comp. ýüregini çişirmek duşdan gutlaglar gelip başlady. The exaggeration lap [la:p] adv - Ol lap aýdýar. He congratulations started to come from all exaggerates comp. lap etmek

corners. Sank-Peterburg şäheriniň 300 ýyllygyna examine syn etmek1 [sy:n etmek] v to examine; dumly-duşdan myhman geldi. Guests came from observe; consider all over for Saint Petersburg's 300th example görelde n example, model; görüm 1 cf: anniversary. Ýetimler öýüne dumly-duşdan görk. n example, model, pattern başgalar üçin kömek geldi. The aid came to the orphan’s home görüm bolmak to become a model for others; from all corners. Şu döwür okamaga-da,işlemäge- meselem for example meselem, şeýle sorag... de dumly-duşyň açyk. It is totally open for work this question, for example..; mysal 1 [mysa:l] n and study in this period. example, instance mysal üçin for example, for evidence şahadatnama 1 [şaha:datna:ma] n instance mysal getirmek to give an example, cite evidence, testimony; şaýatnama [şa:ýa:tna:ma] an example Ol gürrüňiniň dowamynda öz n testimony, evidence durmuşyndan birnäçe mysal getirdi. kimdir evil betgylyk n evil, wickedness Betgylyk birinden mysal almak to follow smb's example adamdan her zada garaşybermeli. You have to Excellency jenap 2 [jena:p] n Excellency siziň aly expect anything from an evil person.; kast 3 n jenabyňyz! Your Excellency! evil, harm; nejislik 1 [neji:slik] n wickedness, excellent aňrybaş adj excellent; üýtgeşik 3 adj evil Seniň bu eden işiň nejislik.; ýamanlyk n excellent, superb; different, difference ol harm, evil birine ýamanlyk etmek to do üýtgeşik mugallym s/he's an excellent teacher somebody harm Men saňa näme ýamanlyk except başga 2 adj except, apart from Senden etdim? What harm have I done you? ýagşylyga başga howandarym ýök meniň. Apart from you I ýamanlyk bilen jogap bermek to repay good with don't have any close support.; ötri post except evil; ýowuz 2 adj evil, bad Eý, aldanan, ýowuz ondan ötri except, besides, apart from; except güne düşen adamlar! that excess agdyk [a:gdyk] adj an excess, abundance exiled; deportee (of something unwanted) Şu tomus çekirtgeler exist durmak 4 cf: turmak. v to be, exist Öňde çakdan agdyk boldy. This summer the duran wezipeler, edilmeli işler ýeňil--ýelpaý däl. grasshoppers were extremely abundant.; artyk The duties that are before [us] and the jobs 1 *** too much, much more, (in) excess artyk that [we] must do are not easy. comp. dur goş-golam too many things existence barlyk [ba:rlyk] n being, existence exchange alyşmak 2 v to exchange hat alyşmak exit çykalga 1 cf: rezerw, ätiýaçlyk, haryt, to exchange letters Biz özara maglumat predmet, sapak, dersi, şaýlar, zapas, zat. n alyşýarys. We share information amongst exit, way out kömekçi çykalgaçykalga ätiýaç ourselves. sözüň alyşmak to have a meaningful çykalga emergency exit teatryň ikinji çykalgasy; conversation; birža ['birža] n exchange - work çykyş 1 cf: konsert. n exit, way out; outcome exchange, stock exchange Şu wagtky işimi çykyş wizasy exit visa; emel 2 n way out, exit biržaň üsti bilen tapdym. Men biržada hasapda emel tapmak to find a way out Ahyry bu işiň durn.; çalşyrmak 1 v to exchange; get mixed emeli tapyldy. At the end it was found of this up; çalyşma 1 n exchange, barter, exchanging; work. comp. öz emeline özi çolaşmak çalyşmak 1 v to exchange pul çalyşmak to expand giňeltmek 2 [gi:ňeltmek] v to expand exchange money düşünjäňi giňeltmek to expand (one's) excited göçgünli 1 adj excited, worried, agitated understanding dialogy giňeltmek to expand exemplary göreldeli adj exemplary, model özüňi (their) dialogue göreldeli alyp barmak to be an example göreldeli expect garaşmak 2 v to expect hojalyk model farm expectation hantama [ha:ntama:] n expectation, exercise gönükme n exercise gönükmäni işlemek hope hantama bolmak to cherish the hope, have to do an exercise (e.g. from a textbook) hopes (for), expect Men senden hiç zat hantama exhausted armak [a:rmak] v to be exhausted, be däl. I want nothing from you. tired, be worn out arman işlemek to work expected garaşylmak v to be expected, be without tiring işden armak to be exhausted from supposed, be anticipated Onuň gelmegine work Arma(ň)! Bar bol(uň)! Don't get tired! garaşylýar. He is expected to come. Thank you; I'm still feeling fine. [Greeting and expend tükenmek v to be expended, consumed, the reply when entering a workplace] used (up), to run out Meşkindäki suw tükendi. exhibition sergi exhibition The water in the leather bag ran out. exhort ündemek 2 v to exhort, urge Kakam meni expense çykdajy n expense, expenditure, outlay tehniki ugurdan gitmäge ündedi. Ejem maňa dürli çykdajy etmek to expend, spend Önümiň dilleri öwrenmegi ündedi. çykdajysy exhortation wagyz 1 n exhortation, admonition, expenses harç cf: harajat. n expense, sermon wagyz etmek to exhort, to admonish, to expenditure, expenses ýol harjy travelling preach wagyz etmek Garry öz agtyklaryna edepli expenses harç etmek to spend, expend bolmagy wagyz edýärdi. comp. wagyz-nesihat ; expensive bahaly adj expensive, valuable wagyz-nesihat (comp. of wagyz) exhortatory Daýhan birleşikde agrarçy hünärment bahaly advice; wesýet 2 n exhortation kitaby söýmegi adam. In a collective farm an agricultural wesýet etmek dini wesýet specialist is a valuable commodity. exile sürgün n exile, banishment, deportation Arheologlaryň gazyp tapan gadymy küýzesi örän sürgün edilen adam a person who has been bahaly. The ancient jug that the archeologists dug up is extremely valuable.; gymmat 1 adj expertise ussatlyk [ussa:tlyk] n expertise, skill expensive, valuable Bu örän gymmat. It is very Gülşirin Alijanowa öz konsertinde çykyş edip expensive. gymmatbaha zatlar valuable things; ussatlyk görkezdi. Şu 2006-njy ýyldaky gymmatly adj expensive, costly, valuable Siziň olimpiadada Amerikaly figuristkalar öz maslahatyňyz meniň üçin örän gymmatlydyr. I programmalarynda ussatlyk görkezdiler. value/appreciate your advice. Kaskaderlar maşynlarynda ýuk maşynyň experience başdan geçirmek1 v to experience üstünden sürüp geçýarler, şeýdip olar ussatlyk Garry adamlar başdan geçiren günlerini öräň görkezýarler. gyzykly aýdyp berýärler. Old people tell their expire ötüşmek 1 cf: ötmek. v to expire, elapse experiences in a really interesting way.; başdan wagt ötüşýär time is running out

geçirmek2 1 (comp. of baş, geçirmek) to explain düşündirmek v to explain, illustrate

experience, go through; çekmek1 15 [çekmek] okuwçylara sapagy düşündirmek to explain a v to experience, go through, bear degirmende un lesson to the pupils Okuwçylar kada-kanuny çekmek (kömekçi işlik rolunda) comp. ah çekmek bozmaz ýaly gowy düşündirmeli. It must be made comp. ahmyr çekmek comp. aýak çekmek clear to the pupils that they should not break comp. ejir çekmek comp. el çekmek comp. gam the rules. Men öz ýagdaýymy size düşündiresim çekmek comp. hasrat çekmek comp. hor gelýär. I would like to explain my condition to çekmek comp. jeza çekmek comp. keýp çekmek you. Çagalara oýunyň manysyny düşündirip, comp. kynçylyk çekmek comp. nala çekmek oýun oýnamaga başladyk. Having explained the comp. ýüzüne atanak çekmek comp. zähmet rules of the game to children we started çekmek comp. zyýan çekmek ; duçar bolmak playing. [du:ça:r] v experience, undergo, suffer, explanation düşündiriş 1 n explanation, account encounter kynçylyklara duçar bolmak to düşündiriş bermek to explain Düşündiriş hatymda experience difficulties Maşgala başlary işe näme sebäp bilen gijä galanlygymy ýazdym. I ýogalanyndan soň kyn ýagdaýa duçar boldular. explained the reason for my tardiness in my They encountered difficulties after the death of explanatory note. Sözüň düşündirişi sözlükden the head of family. Sowet döwleti dagandan soň tapyp bolýar. The meaning of the word can be biz köp özgerişe duçar bolduk. After seceding found in dictionary. from the Soviet Union we underwent many explanatory düşündiriş 2 adj explanatory changes. ; görmek 3 v experience, go to see düşündiriş haty explanatory note Sen toý gördüňmi? Have you been to a wedding? explode partlamak v to blow up, explode, pop comp. şoňa görä ; hekaýat 2 [heka:ýat] n bomba partlady the bomb exploded köpabl experience, occurrence; tejribe 1 n experience; partlady the ship blew up; ýarylmak 3 ýetmek 7 v to experience {colloq} comp. Ol [ýa:rylmak] v to explode, blow up comp. ýetipdir. ýarylaýjak bolmak comp. zähresi ýarylmak experienced düşünjeli adj experienced, learned exponent görkeziji 1 n exponent, index dereje giň düşünjeli adam broad-minded person dar görkeziji degree index {mathematics} düşünjeli adam narrow-minded person; tejribeli 1 adj experienced tejribe etmek conduct an export eksport ['eksport] n export eksport etmek experiment to export experiment tejribe 2 n experiment exposure paş [pa:ş] adv exposure paş etmek to expose, disclose, denounce, unmark, reveal, experimental tejribeli 2 adj experimental make public paş bolmak to be exposed, be expert ekspert [eks'pert] cf: ussat. n expert denounced, be revealed, be discovered, be light was turned off unmarked, come to light onuň syry paş boldy his extort ýonmak 2 [ýo:nmak] v to extort, take men secret was revealed/exposed dildüwşik paş ondan on müň manat ýondum I rushed him ten boldy a plot was discovered/revealed thousand manats {fig} express bildirmek 3 v to express minnetdarlyk extra üsse n on top, extra üsse almak to get extra bildirmek to express one's thanks Ol öz üsse bermek to give extra {payment} razylygyny hat üsti bilen bildirdi. He showed his extract çekmek1 13 [çekmek] v to extract (e.g. agreement via a letter. sperm for artificial insemination) {livestock} expresses_regret ah2 interj expresses regret, comp. ah çekmek comp. ahmyr çekmek comp. annoyance etc. aýak çekmek comp. ejir çekmek comp. el expression aňlatma 1 [a:ňlatma] n expression, çekmek comp. gam çekmek comp. hasrat phrase lingwistik aňlatmalar linguistic phrases çekmek comp. hor çekmek comp. jeza çekmek extend çekmek1 1 [çekmek] v to lay (down), comp. keýp çekmek comp. kynçylyk çekmek extend, stretch Ol kemerini çekip daňdy. comp. comp. nala çekmek comp. ýüzüne atanak ah çekmek comp. ahmyr çekmek comp. aýak çekmek comp. zähmet çekmek comp. zyýan

çekmek comp. ejir çekmek comp. el çekmek çekmek ; çekmek1 4 [çekmek] v to extract (e.g. comp. gam çekmek comp. hasrat çekmek comp. silk), pull out; draw guýudan süw çekmek to hor çekmek comp. jeza çekmek comp. keýp draw water from a well comp. ah çekmek çekmek comp. kynçylyk çekmek comp. nala comp. ahmyr çekmek comp. aýak çekmek çekmek comp. ýüzüne atanak çekmek comp. comp. ejir çekmek comp. el çekmek comp. gam zähmet çekmek comp. zyýan çekmek ; çekmek comp. hasrat çekmek comp. hor uzalmak 1 v to extend, become longer, to be çekmek comp. jeza çekmek comp. keýp çekmek extended Tomus aýlarynda gündizler uzaýar. comp. kynçylyk çekmek comp. nala çekmek Ýolymyzy uzaltmajak bolsaň bir waka aýdyp comp. ýüzüne atanak çekmek comp. zähmet

bersene!; uzaltmak 2 v to extend, to prolong çekmek comp. zyýan çekmek ; çykarmak1 7 v Men gutaryp barýan wizamy uzaltdym. to extract, mine nebit çykarmak to extract oil Ýarawsyzlyk kagyzymy, doly gutulmanlygym comp. baş çykarmak comp. netije çykarmak sebäpli ýene uzaltdym. Gök önüm iýmek ömrüňi comp. ýatdan çykarmak comp. ýüze çykarmak ;

uzaldýar. Alkyş almak we ýüregiňde kine parça2 2 n extract romandan bir parça extract saklamazlyk ömrüňi uzaldýar. Ýarawsyz bolan from a novel daýyma ömrüni uzaltmak üçin şöhlä tutdylar. extraordinary adatdan daşary (comp. of adat) {time, life}; uzatmak 2 v to extend, to stretch extraordinary, extreme Tomusda gar ýagmagy Kellämi penjireden uzadyp oglymy çagyrdym. adatdan daşary ýagdaýdyr. It would be Stolyň ol çetindäki duran kitaby elimi uzadyp extraordinary to have snow in the summer. zordan aldym. Salamlaşmak üçin dostyma elimi adatdan daşary ilçi special envoy uzatdym. Aýagymy uzatmasam epläp eye garak 1 n eye Seniň garagyň gapykmy? Are oturanymdan soň dyzym agyrýar. you walking around with your eyes shut?; göz exterior daşy cf: daşmak. post exterior, outer n eye göz perdesi cornea göz hanasy eye-socket layer; (fruit) peel, skin; peelings daşynda gözüň agy white (of the eye) gözüň garasy pupil outside daşyna çykmak to go out daşy jäjek içi (of the eye) göz gypmak to wink (at), give a möjek a wolf in sheep's clothing wink (at) gözüň awusyny almak to take a nap extinguished öçük 1 cf: öçügsi. adj extinguished, göz ýetirmek to realise, to find something out; switched/turned off, put out çura öçük eken the know well, understand gözden geçirmek to check smth gözden galmak become poor-sighted comp. eyed göz oýnaklatmak comp. göz öňünde tutulmak eyelid gabak [ga:bak] n eyelid badam gabak comp. gözden salmak comp. gözden ýitmek almond-shaped eyelid ýokarky hem aşaky gabak comp. gözüň gitmek upper and lower eyelid gabak astyndan bakmak eyed gözli 1 adj eyed, sighted, having... eye(s) bir to stare at an eyelid gözli one-eyed ýiti gözli sharp-sighted, keen-

F f face didar 1 [di:da:r] n face Men seniň didaryňy factor faktor ['faktor] n factor aýgytlaýjy faktor görsem. I would like to see your face {fig}; decisive factor duşmak 2 [du:şmak] v to face, meet with Olar factory zawod [za'wod] n factory, plant heläkçilige duşupdyrlar. They faced to fade agarmak 2 [a:garmak] v to fade Köýnek trouble/had accident. Ýolda bela-betere duşman ýuwlup-ýuwlup agarypdyr. After washing geldiňmi? Haven’t you met to any trouble on the repeatedly, the dress has faded.; sol1 v to fade, way. Uzak ýola çykaňda seresaply bolmasaň wither; solmak v to fade; süllermek v to fade, heläkçilige duşup bolýar. If you will not be wither; droop, flag, lose heart; ýitmek 3 v to careful when you will go to a long journey you fade ...ýazylan hatlar kagyzyň ýüzünden ýitip can get to accident.; dyýar 2 n face; sust n gidipdir. ...the writing on the paper had faded. face; heart, spirit onuň susty basyldy his face say. garasy ýitmek comp. gözden ýitmek

fell; tüýs n face; ýüz2 1 n face Onuň ýüzi aý fading solgun adj fading ýaly. She is very beautiful. ýüzbe-ýüz face to faeces täret 2 n faeces face ýüz keşbi appearance, look ýüzüňi sallamak to display one's dissatisfaction ýüzüňi çytmak to fail ýykmak 5 v to fail Mugallym talyby knit one's brows, frown ýüzüň gyzarmak to ekzamende ýykdy. The teacher failed the student blush comp. açyk (güler) ýüzli comp. agyr ýüzli in an examination. comp. göwnüni ýykmak comp. çilime ýüz urmak comp. ýüz bermek comp. öýüni ýykmak comp. ýykan-ýumran ; comp. ýüz döndermek comp. ýüz saraltmak ýykylmak 4 v to fail ol giriş ekzamenlerde comp. ýüz solgun comp. ýüz tutmak comp. ýüz ýykyldy he failed in the entrance examinations urmak comp. ýüz-göz comp. ýüzbe-ýüz comp. comp. aýagyna ýykylmak comp. gülüp, kese ýüze çykmak comp. ýüzi täzelenmek comp. ýykylmak

ýüzüne atanak çekmek comp. ýüzüne gara faint raý1 [ra:ý] n faint raý keseli fainting sickness sürtmek comp. ýüzüni almak comp. ýüzüni fair adyl adj fair, just adyl sud court of justice ýuwmak fairy_tale erteki1 n (fairy)-tale, folk story halk faced_with duçar adj faced with a situation ertekileri folk-stories arwah-jynly ertekiler fairy Megerem, bu ýigit bir şowsyzlyga duçar gelipdir. tales about demons comp. erteki otarmak Maybe something unfortunate happened to that faith iman 1 [i:ma:n] n faith, belief iman etmek to young man. believe; ygtykat faith, belief; ynam cf: fact fakt cf: subutnama. n fact gyzykly faktlar ygtybar, ynanç. n faith, belief, trust, interesting facts täsin fakt unusual fact; confidence; trust, confidence, faith biriniň subutnama 2 [subu:tna:ma] cf: fakt. n fact ynamyndan peýdalanmak to enjoy someone's confidence ymykly bildirmek to believe somebody, trust somebody ynam bildirmek to have fallen on us. Klasda hemmeler meniň believe somebody, trust somebody üstümden düşdi. All have fallen on me in the faithful jana-jan 1 [ja:na-ja:n] cf: janköýer. class. ???? Derýanyň suwy düşdi. The river level (comp. of jan) adj faithful, loyal, reliable, fell. Duşman ýesir düşdi. The enemy were taken devoted, staunch, trustworthy jana-jan dost prisoner. comp. abraýdan düşmek comp. aşa faithful/loyal friend; sadyk [sady:k] adj düşmek comp. aýagy düşmek comp. aýra faithful, true; wepaly [wepa:ly] cf: wepadar. düşmek comp. başy düşmek comp. çöke adj faithful, devoted wepaly dost faithful friend düşmek comp. ele düşmek comp. gorka düşmek comp. haldan düşmek comp. howsala düşmek faithful_one wepadar [wepa:da:r] cf: wepaly. n comp. jaýyna düşmek comp. küýüne düşmek faithful_one wepadar öz söýgiňe wepadar bolmak comp. ökjesine düşmek comp. ruhdan düşmek wepadar dost comp. salkyn düşmek comp. surata düşmek faithfulness wepalylyk [wepa:lylyk] n comp. tapdan düşmek comp. üstünden düşmek faithfulness, loyalty, devotion watana wepalylyk comp. yşka düşmek comp. ýada düşmek comp. devotion to a country Ýbraýym Hudaýa ýola düşmek comp. ýürege düşmek ; gaçmak 3 wepalylygyň nusgasyny görkezen adam bolupdyr. v to fall Güýzde ýapraklar gaçýarlar. In autumn Abraham was a man who displayed an example leaves fall (from the trees). comp. gaharyň of faithfulness towards God.; ygtybarlylyk gaçmak comp. gany gaçmak comp. keýpiň faithfulness, reliability gaçmak comp. ukyň gaçmak comp. ysgyndan faithless wepasyz [wepa:syz] adj faithless, gaçmak ; pessaýlamak 1 [pessa:ýlamak] v fall, disloyal, unfaithful wepasyz ýoldaş go/come down, descend uçar barha pessaýlaýar falcon laçyn 1 [la:çyn] n falcon eldeki laçyn the plane is descending; sallanmak 1 cf: trained falcon sallanjyramak. v to drop, fall şahalar aşak fall agmak 4 [a:gmak] v to fall Ol atdan agdy. He sallanypdyr the branches have fallen down; fell off the horse.; dökülmek 4 v to fall, fall serpilmek 2 v to fall, drop, splash {water}; upon Talaňçylar gala döküldiler. The raiders fell ýagmak 1 cf: ýagdyrmak. v to fall Ýagyş upon the castle.; dökülmek 5 v to fall, fall out ýagýar. It is raining. Ýagyş güýçli ýagýar. It is Jübimdäki ownuk pullar dökülipdir. The change pouring. Gar ýagýar. It is snowing. Ýagyş in my pocket has fallen out. Ýapraklar bedreden guýulan ýaly ýagýar. It is raining cats dökülýär. The leaves are falling.; düşmek 11 and dogs. Doly ýagýar. It is hailing. cf: düşünmek. v to fall (in love) comp. {precipitation} abraýdan düşmek comp. aşa düşmek comp. fall_apart dagamak 3 v to fall apart, be worn out aýagy düşmek comp. aýra düşmek comp. başy Meniň köwşüm dagady. My shoes fell apart. düşmek comp. çöke düşmek comp. ele düşmek Onuň köýnegi dagapdyr. His shirt is worn out. comp. gorka düşmek comp. haldan düşmek fall_down ýykylmak 3 v to fall down gaýadan comp. howsala düşmek comp. jaýyna düşmek ýykylmak to fall down the cliff comp. aýagyna comp. küýüne düşmek comp. ökjesine düşmek ýykylmak comp. gülüp, kese ýykylmak comp. ruhdan düşmek comp. salkyn düşmek fall_from_grace abraýdan düşmek 2 (comp. of comp. surata düşmek comp. tapdan düşmek abraý, düşmek) to fall from grace Ol ýalan comp. üstünden düşmek comp. yşka düşmek gepläp, abraýdan düşdi. He lied and has fallen comp. ýada düşmek comp. ýola düşmek comp. from grace. ýürege düşmek ; düşmek 2 cf: düşünmek. v to fall_ill näsaglamak v to be/fall ill ol näsaglapdyr fall, drop, sink, fall down Hemme jogapkärçilik he has fallen ill biziň üstümize düşdi. All the responsibilities fall_into_clutches penjä düşmek (comp. of belli. We know that the sun rises every day. penje) v to fall into somebody's clutches comp. belli bahasy ýok comp. belli derejede fall_into_hands ele düşmek (comp. of düşmek, comp. bellisini etmek ; famous famous, well- düşürmek, el) to fall into the hands of known, celebrated meşgullanmak bolmak to be Kakamyň gazaba münen wagtynda eline düşdüm. famous meşgullanmak ýazyjy well-known writer I fell into the hands of my father just as he was fan ýelpewaç [ýelpewa:ç] n fan getting angry. Urşuň birinji gijesinde Brest şäheri fancy akylyny almak (comp. of akyl) to take a duşmanlaň eline düşdi. Brest city was fell into liking to something, to fancy something Täze enemy's hand on the first night of war. Ogry sport maşyny ýigidiň akylyny aldy. The young aňsatlyk bilen ele düşdi. The thief was captured man fancied a new sports car. easily. far umma 1 [umma:] adj far away, distant fall_over agdarylmak 2 [a:gdarylmak] v to fall Mekanyň menden alan puly ummadan çykdy. over, capsize Ýük gyşyk basylsa agdarylýar. If Döwran mugallymyň okan kitaplary ummadan touched, an unbalanced load falls over. çykdy.; uzak 1 adj far, long Öýmizden Murgap false galp adj false, fake, faked galp gol false derýasyna çenli ýol uzak, bizem maşynda signature galp pul false money, forgery, gidýaris. a long time Telefon arkaly biz uzak counterfeit galp pasport false passport galp aralykdaky adamlar bilen habarlaşyp bilýaris. hereket false action {distance} comp. Ömrüň uzak bolsun! fame meşhurlyk [meşhu:rlyk] n fame meşhurlyk far_away bijaý1 2 [bi:ja:ý] adj a long way away gazanmak to become famous; to have prestige Biz bijaý ýerde ýaşaýarys, iýmit almaga gitmek familiar belet adj familiar, acquainted(with) Bu üçin 2 km ýoly ýöremeli. We live a long way ýerlere men belet. I know this area. Biz oňa belet. away - it's a 2km walk to buy food. We know him.; tanyş adj familiar Men häzirki far_awy allaowarra adv far away zaman edebiýaty bilen tanyş däl. I'm not familiar fare kireý n fare ýol kireýi fare kireý etmek to earn with current literature. money (transporting things) eine almak to lease, family adamly 1 [a:damly] adv not alone, with to take on lease, hire, rent kireýe bermek to people; gözli-başly adj having a family, family lease, to let, to hire out kireý tutmak to hire sen gözli-başly adam family man gözli-başly bolmak maşyna kireý tölemeli you have to pay fare for to have a family, to be married gözli-başly taxi comp. diliňden kireý islemek ; muzd 1 n etmek to marry, get married; ýer 9 n family, payment, fare muzduny bermek to pay muzduny descendant Ol gýz gowy ýeriň maşgalasy ekeni. talap etmek Ussa, muzduni ber-de gyssa. That girl comes from a good family. comp. ýer Craftsman, hurry up and pay us. almasy comp. ýer hoz comp. ýer tudana comp. farm ferma ['ferma] n farm süýt fermasy milk ýerine comp. ýerine ýetirmek farm; hojalyk 2 n farm, small-holding, famine açlyk 2 [a:çlyk] n famine Gurakçylykda economic unit, business organisation iri hojalyk açlyk döreýär. When there is a lack of large-scale farm kollektiw hojalyk collective precipitation, it causes famine. farm; sowhoz n state farm {abbr} famous adygan [a:dygan] adj famous; atly2 2 farmer daýhan 1 [daýha:n] cf: kolhozçy. n [a:tly] adj famous, well-known atly aýdymçy farmer, agricultural labourer, farm-hand, famous singer; belli 1 adj famous, well-known peasant daýhan birleşigi farmers' association; belli maglumat well-known information belli collective farm daýhan birleşik [used to be maglumat artist well-known actor Günüň çykjagy called 'collective farm' or 'kolhoz']; ekerançy [ekera:nçy] n farmer; ekinçi n farmer; fermer Turkmenistan. ykbalyňa minnetdarlyk bildirmek ['fermer] n farmer; sowhozçy n farmer who to thank one's lucky stars works on a state farm father ata 3 n father ene-ata parents {literary} farming ekerançylyk [ekera:nçylyk] n farming comp. atalar sözi comp. atam döwründen galan ekerançylyk bilen meşgullanmak to do farming comp. atam öýi say. Atasyz oglan ýetim, enesiz ekerançylyk ýerleri farmland ekerançylyk oglan ýesir ; däde n father, daddy {dial}; kaka hojalygy farm [ka:ka] n father öweý kaka stepfather Ejemiň fashion moda ['moda] n fashion, vogue modada aýal dogany daýzam bolýar. The sister of my bolmak to be in fashion modadan çykmak to be mother is my aunt. Käbir welaýatlarda kakasyna out of fashion moda žurnaly däde diýýärler. In some regions they çall/say to father as dade.; peder n father fashionable modaly adj fashionable, stylish modaly köýnek fashionable shirt/dress fatherhood atalyk n fatherhood fast agyz bekle (comp. of beklemek) to fast, father-in-law gaýynata n father-in-law keep the fast Oraza aýynda agyz beklemek uly fatness meslik 3 n fatness, repleteness mesligi sogap. To fast in the month of Ramadan is a goýun göterer only sheep can bear the fatness very good deed.; agyz beklemek (comp. of (sem. domains: 3.5.4.2 - Saying, proverb.) say. agyz) to fast; oraza 1 [ora:za] n Oraza oraza Mesligi goýun göterer comp. mesligi götermek tutmak to fast, keep the fast {Muslim month, fatten semremek cf: semretmek. v to fatten, religious}; ýörgür adj fast, quick ýörgür become/grow fat/stout, put on weight; harytlar quick-selling goods semretmek cf: semremek. v to fatten, make fat mes 4 adj fat, full, replete mes mal fat stock fat öldürmek üçin semretmek to fatten for comp. mes bolmak ; semiz adj fat, thick semiz slaughter goýun fat sheep fatty ýagly [ýa:gly] adj fatty, oily, greasy ýagly fate kysmat n fate, destiny, fortune kysmatdakyny palaw greasy pilau ýagly saç greasy hair

görmek to see if it's one's fate; nesip 1 [nesi:p] faucet kran1 2 n faucet {col} n destiny, fate, providence, lot; destiny, fate fault etmiş n wrongdoing; fault, blame Meniň deltd lot, (usu negative) providence,(cos means näme etmişim bar? What have I done wrong? God's protection. if also true, then make into Meniň etmişim näme? what is my fault? sn2) Nesibeli gün giderin. I will when it's my favour ala tutmak (comp. of ala) to favour, show fate. nesibedäkini görmek to see if it's one's fate preference for Başlyk öz işgärlerini ala tutýar. Men ertir bararyn, nesip bolsa. I'll go along The boss treats some of his workers tomorrow, God willing. Gardaş, ertir nesip bolsa preferentially. {relationships} men Nusaýy görmäge gitjek. Neighbour! favourite söýgüli n favourite, loved one, Tomorrow, God willing, I'm going to see [the girlfriend, boyfriend, lover ancient city] Nisa. comp. Nesip etsenesip nesip bolsa ; pelek 2 n fate, destiny {fig} comp. pelek fear başyňy etegiňe salmak (comp. of baş, etek) urmak ; rysgal 2 cf: rysk. n fate Öýüňize rysgal to fear; çekinmek 2 v to be afraid of, fear Ol ýagsyn. May good fortune rain on his house. sowan pulny aýtmaga çekindi.; gorkmak v to Saçagyňyza rysgal! Blessings on your tablecloth! fear, be afraid of; to worry; gorky n fear (of), [i.e. may it (tablecloth, bread cloth) always be dread (of), terror Gorkynyň ölüme peýdasy ýok. bursting full of food.] say. Baýguşuň rysgaly Being afraid doesn't stop you dying. gorka agzyna geler ; ykbal [ykba:l] n fate, lot; fortune düşmek to fear, be afraid (of); heder n fear, ykbal meni Tükmenistan eltdi. Fate sent me to terror, fright heder etmek to be afraid (of), fear; wehim n fear Bu ýerde ýylan barlygy bizde feigned jögi 1 [jö:gi] adj feigned, hypocritical, wehim döretdi. Here the fact that there were shammed jögi adam pretender, sham, hypocrite snakes created fear in us. fell agdarmak 3 [a:gdarmak] v to fell (a tree) fearful sarç adj fearful, easily frightened/scared, Işçiler samany maşyndan agdardylar. The shy, timid sarç goýun fearful sheep laborers threw the bales of straw down from feather per1 n feather, down per ýassyk feather the truck.; ýykmak 2 v to fell, bring down pillow per düşekçe feather bed; ýelek n feather, comp. göwnüni ýykmak comp. öýüni ýykmak down comp. ýykan-ýumran feathers hasa1 n feathers fellow-villager obadaş [o:badaş] n fellow- villager February fewral [few'ral] n February (sem. domains: 8.4.1.4 - Month.) felt duýulmak v to be felt, be known, be noticed Onuň keşbi maňa tanyş duýuldy. I recognised his feed emmek v to breast-feed; iýdirmek v to feed, face was.; keçe n felt (fabric) keçe çekmek to to give someone something to eat Olar bize drag a felt along the ground keçe basmak to gelende, men olar iýmäge bir zatlar berdim. I gaýe press a felt keçe ädik felt boots Indi obada kän them something to eat when they çame to us. keçe ulanmaýarlar. Nowadays felt mats are not comp. hakyňy iýdirmek ; iýmitlemek v to feed used much in the villages. Ýaş haýwanlary wagtly-wagtynda iýmitlendirmeli. Young animals are feed time by time.; female mäkiýan 2 [mäkiýa:n] n female (of birds) iýmitlendirmek v to feed, to nourish günde üç mäkiýan kepderi female pigeon mäkiýan towuk; gezek iýmitlendirmek to feed three times a day; urkaçy adj female (animal) Çopan urkaçy naharlamak v to feed syrkawy naharlamak to malyny bir gapdala erkek malyny bir gapdala feed a disabled person Bu ýerde oňat sürdürdi. Akguş urkaçy it bolsada Garagözi eňdi. naharlaýarlar. They feed you well here. fence aýmança [a:ýmança] n fence aýmança {humans, pets & carnivores in a zoo} aýlamak to put up a fence feel çekinmek 1 v to feel/be shy, be ashamed fermented_milk çal1 [ça:l] n fermented milk düýe Çekinmäň! Don't be shy!; duýmak 1 v to feel, çaly fermented camel's milk [usually made by sense Men agyry duýup başladym. I started to fermenting milk, but can be a mixture of feel a pain. özüňi gowy duýmak to feel better fv:süzme water and salt] özüňi erbet duýmak to feel worse öňünden fertile mes 5 adj fertile, fecund, prolific, fruitful duýmak to know beforehand Derman içenimden mes ýerler fertile soil/lands comp. mes bolmak soň agyrlarymy duýamok. I did not feel any pain fertiliser dökün 1 n fertiliser, manure mineral after I had medicine. Hassa bir näçe günden soň dökün chemical fertiliser dökün dökmek to özüni gowy duýup başlady. The patient began to fertilise ýerli dökün manure Ekin ekmezinden öň feel better after several days. Daýzamdan agyr ýeri agdaryp dökün dökmeli. Before sowing, the sözleri eşidenimden soň özümi erbet duýdum. I felt field needs to be ploughed and fertilised. bad when my aunt spoke harshly. ; syzmak v Meýdana dökün dökmek üçin traktory feel, sense, be aware of ýadawlygyňi syzmazlyk taýynladyk. We got the tractor ready to fertilise lack of awareness of being tired the field. Güllerimiz gowy öser ýaly mineral feeling duýgy n feeling, sense, emotion dökün bilen dökünleýäris. We use chemical Duýgularyň ýaramazy göriplikdir. The worst fertiliser to make our flowers grow well. feeling is envy. Enelik duýgusy hiç wagt fertility meslik 4 n fertility, fecundity, ýalňyşmaýar. A mother's intuition is never fruitfulness ýerleriň mesligi the lands' fertility wrong. Ýaşlar jemlenip meslik etdiler. Siziňkiler meslik düşelgesi comp. meýdana gitmek comp. söweş etdilermi? meslikde ýaşamak topragyň mesligi say. meýdany ; pudak 2 [pu:dak] n field, sphere, Mesligi goýun göterer comp. mesligi götermek branch ylym pudagy sphere/department/field of festival baýram n Bairam; festival, celebration, knowledge halk hojalygynyň pudaklary branches free day, holiday Ýeňiş baýramyňyz gutly bolsyn! of the national economy; ugur 2 cf: ugruna. Congratulations on victory day! Nowruz post field ol bu ugurdan uly spesialist s/he's a key baýramyna gabatlap, öňünden bugdaý ekip specialist in this field Ugur nirä? Which way are goýýarlar. Before New Year's festival arrives, you going? bellenen ugur route comp. ugruňy they sow wheat.; baýramçylyk n holiday, day ýitirmek comp. ugry ýok comp. ugur almak off, festival Baýramçylyklaryň içinde iň gowy comp. ugur çykmak comp. ugur haýyr bola! hem gyzyklysy Gurban baýramy. Amongst the comp. ugur kowmak comp. ugur tapmak festivals Gurban festival is the best and most fierce ganym [gany:m] adj fierce, ferocious, cruel interesting. ganym duşman mortal enemy, deadly enemy; festive dabaraly 1 adj festive, celebratory hyrsyz [hy:rsyz] adj fierce, mean, wicked, dabaralamak gün gala day, feast day malicious, malevolent, vicious hyrsyz adam wicked person hyrsyz gülki malevolent smile fetch alyp gaýtmak v to fetch, bring fiercely aldym-berdimli adv fiercely, persistently fever gyzgyn 1 n fever, temperature Onuň aldym-berdimli göreş persistent wrestling gyzgyny ýokary. He has a high temperature. fifth bäşinji fifth few az [a:z] adv a few, not enough, too little Ol mydama az iýýär. He never eats enough. az fiftieth ellinji num fiftieth ellinji nomer number mukdarda small quantity (weight) az salym a fifty ellinji sahypa page fifty little while, a short time (as in a few days) az fifty elli num fifty; ellilik n a fifty Ellilik maňa sanly small number az wagtda in a bit, soon (as ber! Give me a fifty (manat note)! ellilik teňňe in minutes) az galdy a little left comp. az- fifty coin ellilik çyra fifty lamp

owlak1 ; seýrek 2 adj few, not many ol ýerde fig injir n fig injir agajy fig-tree adamlar seýrekdi there were only few people fight göreşmek 1 v to fight (for, with, against), there struggle; söweşmek v to fight; uruşdyrmak 1 fiance gelinlik n fiance, girl who is engaged to be v to fight Iki dostyň arasyna tähmet atyp married uruşdyrdylar. Poligonda ýaryş geçirlende esgerler fiancée gyz 2 [gy:z] n fiancée, the girl you are ýaragly uruşdylar. Ýaryşda itleri uruşdyramyzda going to marry comp. gelin-gyz comp. gyz- Akguş birinji ýeri eýeledi. Horazlary uruşdyrmak oglan uçin biz ýaryş meýdanyny taýynladyk. {verbal or field basseýn 2 [bas'seýn] n field kömür basseýni physical}; uruşmak v to fight, have a battle, coalfield; ekinçilik 1 n field, large area of sown squabble; to fight Uruşmak ite ýagşy. Men Mähri crops; karta 2 ['karta] n field, tract of bilen şu wagt gepleşemok, biz uruşdyk. Türkmeniň (cultivated) land, section (of a field) gowaça däbinde geline baş salynanda gyzlar gelinler bilen kartalary cotton fields/lines {agricultural}; geline baş atdyrmajak bolup ýakalaşyp uruşýarlar. meýdan 1 [meýda:n] n field pagta meýdany Rowaýatlarda şa gyzyna öýlenmek üçin rysarlar cotton field meýdanda işlemek to work in the ýaragly öz aralarynda uruşýardylar. Berdi bilen field comp. bir meýdan comp. bir meýdan (Bir döwran ýumuruklaşyp uruşandyklary üçin meýdan dynç alaýyn.) comp. görüş meýdany mekdebiň direktory öz ýanyna çagyrdy. Alabaý comp. magnit meýdany comp. meýdan möjek bilen gara gan bolýançalar uruşdylar. Faşistik Germaniýa goňşy döwletler bilen uruşdy. {verbal or physical} film film n film, movie, (motion) picture reňkli fighter göreşiji 1 n fighter (for), campaigner, film film in colour dedektiw film detective movie activist parahatçylyk ugrunda göreşiji peace comp. çeper film ; kino [ki'no] cf: çeper film. campaigner n film, movie, pictures Men agşam gorkunç kino görüp, gije ýatyp bilmedim. I saw horrible film in figurative göçme 3 adj figurative, metaphorical the evening and could not sleep at night. sözüň göçme manysy figurative meaning of a {abbr} comp. kinoteatr ; plýonka 1 [pa'lonka] word n film plýonka düşürmek to photographask figure mal 3 [ma:l] n figure; chess-man şahmat filter süzgüç 2 n filter; süzmek v to filter, sieve, mallary chess-men, chess figures comp. çig mal strain; syzdyrmak v to filter, strain comp. mal kesmek ; şekil 2 n figure, statue 2 final-draft aklama [a:klama] n final-draft, file ige n file (the tool) Ussanyň ýiti igesi bar. The corrected draft master craftsman has sharp file.; igelemek 1 [i:gelemek] v to file, to sharpen Aşpez pyçagyny finally ahyrsoňy [a:hyrsoňy] conjunction in the igeledi. The cook sharpened his knife. end, finally fill doldurmak 1 v to fill, fill up käsäni çaýdan finance maliýeleşdirmek [ma:liýeleşdirmek] v to doldurmak pour a cup of tea Gazany dolduryp finance halk hojalygyny maliýeleşdirmek to nahar bişirdim. I cooked a full pot of food. finance the national economy bazary harytdan doldurmak to fill market with finance(s) maliýe [ma:liýe] n finance(s) Maliýe goods Çagalar otagyny oýnawaçlardan ministrligi Ministry of Finance doldurdylar. Children filled the room with toys.; financial maddy 1 cf: sosial. adj financial, dolmak 1 [do:lmak] v to be filled, be filled up economic, material halkyň maddy ýagdaýy the Howuz suwdan doldy. A pond was filled with people's economic situation maddy kynçylyklar water. Meniň ýazuw depderim doldy. My financial difficulties notebook was filled. Stadion adamdan doldy. find tapmak v to find The stadium was filled with people. Içeri find_job ornaşmak 1 cf: ornaşdyrmak. v to find tozandan doldy. The house was filled with dust. a job, gain employment Ol demir ýolda koçegar Şiriniň gözler ýaşdan doldy. The eyes of Shirin bolup işe ornaşdy. He found a job on the railway were filled with tears. Asmanyň ýüzi bulutdan as a fireman. doldy. The sky was filled with cloud. Dolýança find_strange täsin galmak (comp. of täsin) guýsana! Fill her up! Bedreleri suwdan dolduryp find_strange goýdum. I filled buckets with water. comp. damagyň dolmak comp. sabyr käsäň dolmak find_time wagt tapmak (comp. of wagt) to find comp. ýüregiň dolmak time (Wagt tapyp, sen şu kitaby oka.) fill_up basmak 8 v to fill up with Ýaşalmaýan fine allanäme adj fine, good Biziň allanäme jaýyň içini derrew çaň basýar. A house not lived durmuşymyz bar. We have a good life.; hä 1 in quickly becomes full of dust say. Ody öziňe interj fine, yes, true, all right, I see; hoş 2 interj bas-ötmese kesekä comp. ýüzüne basmak ; okay, fine; jerime [jeri:me] n fine, penalty gabarmak 1 [ga:barmak] v to fill up, to be full jerime salmak to impose a fine (on), to fine Içine goş-golam dykylan torba gabarypdyr. The someone jerime tölemek to pay a fine Kassa bag filled up with household goods. gidip, jerime tölärsiň! Go to the (State) bank and pay the fine!; uşak 3 adj fine Dukandan uşak filled doly 3 [do:ly] adj filled, replete Ejemiň duz tapman iri duz almaly boldum. comp. uşak- soraglaryna doly jogap berdim. I answered all düşek questions of my mother. finger barmak2 1 n finger başam barmak thumb, firewood odun [o:dun] n wood, firewood odun big toe süýem barmak index finger orta barmak skladynda in the woodshed öl odun damp wood middle finger ogulhajat ring finger külem odun aýyrmak to chop/split wood barmak pinky, little toe Barmagym çykyp tebibiň firm durgunly cf: durnukly. adj firm, stable; ýanyna bardym. My finger was dislocated so I durnukly 1 cf: durgunly. adj firm, stable, went to see the folk healer. {anatomy} comp. steady, hard durnukly walýuta hard/stable On barmagy hünärli. currency durnukly söz düzümleri fixed finish bolmak 4 v to finish Boldy! That's all! Indi expressions durnukly adam a stable person boldy! Now (at last) it's finished! Men iýip içip durnukly pikire gelmek to come to a firm boldum. I've had enough to eat and drink. conclusion; firma ['firma] n firm daşary ýurt comp. Boldy! comp. Boljak! comp. bolmajysy firmalary foreign firms; gaýym [ga:ýym] adj bolmak comp. Bolýar! comp. Indi boldy! ; firm, durable, steadfast, staunch, stable gaýym gutarmak 1 v to finish, end, complete; mata durable stuff, hard-wearing fabric gaýym pellehana [pelleha:na] n finish, finish line fundament stable foundation öz pikiriňde gaýym pellehana birinji bolup gelmek to finish first durmak to stay firm in your thoughts; mäkäm 1

{sports}; saplamak2 2 [sa:plamak] v to finish adj firm, strong mäkäm dostluk firm friendship gök ekinleri saplamak to finish (picking) elini mäkäm gysmak to shake somebody by the vegetables; sarp bolmak (comp. of sarp) to hand firmly mäkäm saklamak ýüpi mäkäm finish, come to an end; to run low/short, be daňmak; ykjam 1 adj firm ykjam saklamak to spent hold firmly finished gutarylmak 1 v to be finished, be first başda conjunction first, at first, in the completed, be ended beginning, at the outset Başda iş agyr bolýar. At fire ot2 1 [o:t] n fire ot ýakmak to light the fire first work is hard. başda durmak to be in otsyz tüsse bolmaz There's no smoke without a charge; birbada [birba:da] adj first, at first fire. (sem. domains: 3.5.4.2 - Saying, proverb.) Birbada gorkdum. Birbada gapçygym ýitdimikä {fig} comp. ot almak comp. ot gorsamak comp. diýdim. Maşyn birbada ot almady. Birbada

ot ýakdyrmazlyk ; ot3 1 [o:t] n fire ot ýakmak to daýymy tanamadym.; birinji first Birinji alan light the fire otsyz tüsse bolmaz There's no maşynymyzyň reňki akdy. Men nahary birinji iýip smoke without a fire. (sem. domains: 3.5.4.2 - boldym. Siz daşary ýurtda birinji gezekmi?; Saying, proverb.) {fig} comp. ot almak comp. birinjilik n first place, championship birinjilik ot gorsamak comp. ot ýakdyrmazlyk ; ýangyn üçin Ylgamak ýaryşynda men birinjilik gelip n fire, conflagration ýangyny söndürmek to put baýraga mynasyp boldym.; ilki adv first ilki bilen out a fire, extinguish a fire at first, firstly; ilkinji 1 adj first, at first Ilkinji nobatda sogany gowurýarys, soňra käşir salýarys. fire_worshipper otparaz fire-worshipper; First of all we fry an onion, then add carrots.; Zoroastrian owal cf: ozal. first, start; öňinçä [öňi:nçä] adj fireman požarnik cf: ýangyna garşy göreşýan first; before öňinçä pikir etmeli ekeniň you ought işgär. n fireman požarnik bolup işlemek to work to have thought about it before gitmezimden as a fireman öňinçä men onuň bilen gürleşmeli I must speak to fireplace ojak 1 [o:jak] n fireplace, hearth ojakda her before going ot ýakmak to light a fire in the fireplace [a dug firstly birinjiden adv firstly, first of all, in the out fireplace inside a Yurt, or a circular clay first place Birinjiden sapaklary etmeli, soňra construction outside to put the fv:gazan on to oýnamaly. Birinjiden analiziňi görmeli, ikinjiden keep it above the fire] bolsa gerekli dermanlary ýazmaly. Birinjidenä oňa çüý urdum. To fix the portrait to the wall, I saňa ynanamok. banged in a nail.; düzetmek 2 v to correct, fish balyk [ba:lyk] n fish Balyk çorbasy iň süýji remedy, rectify, set right, fix Bozuk duran naharlaryň birisi. Fish soup is one of the tastiest radiony düzetdim. I fixed the broken radio. foods. Elektro gurallary düzetmek üçin ussa berdim. I gave the electronic instruments to the fisherman balykçy [ba:lykçy] n fisherman Dynç technician to repair. Olar suw üpjünçiligini alyş güni balykçylar çeňňegi bilen derýa balyk düzetdiler. They fixed up the water supply. ; tutmaga barýarlar. At the weekend fishermen go kesmek 6 v to fix, establish baha kesmek to fix to the river with nets to catch fish. the price comp. ýol kesmek fist ýumruk n fist ýumruk aýlamak to fist, raise fix_up girizmek 3 [gi:rizmek] v to fix someone up one's hand against somebody gyzyl ýumruga işe girizmek to get someone a job comp. teklip girişmek to get into a fist fight ýumrugyňy girizmek ; ornaşdyrmak 1 cf: ornaşmak. v to düwmek to clench one's fist ýumrugyňy fix up, find işe ornaşdyrmak to fix someone up görkezmek to threaten somebody with the fist with work, find someone a job {for someone comp. taýak gelýänçä ýumruk comp. ýumruk else} ýaly fixed durnukly 2 cf: durgunly. adj fixed, fit gabat gelmek (comp. of gabat) to fit, established durnukly söz düzümleri a fixed coincide, mirror one another; ornaşmak 2 cf: phrase {grammar}; ölçegli 2 cf: belgi, nomer, ornaşdyrmak. v to fit, to go in Meniň san, sany. adj fixed ölçegli norma fixed norm kitaplarym bu şkafa ornaşmaz. My books will not ölçegli iş haky fixed wage fit into this bookcase.; sygdyrmak cf: sygyrmak. v to make something fit, force fixedly ýiti-ýiti (comp. of ýiti) adv fixedly ýiti something in; sygmak v to fit; sygyrmak cf: seretmek to stare at, gaze at, look sygdyrmak. v to fit; taýýar 2 [taýýa:r] adj fit; fixedly/intently (at) ýerleşmek 2 v to fit Ýygnan garpyzlaryň flag baýdak n flag, banner Her ýurduň baýdaklary hemmesi araba ýerleşer. All the picked water- özüçe owadan. Each country's flag is beautiful to melons will fit into the cart. them.; tug [tu:g] n flag, banner fitness taýýarlyk 2 [taýýa:rlyk] n fitness {sports} flame ataş n flame; nar2 [na:r] n flame ýanyp fitter montýor 2 n fitter montýor bolup işlemek to duran nar fire, flame; ýalyn n flame comp. iki work as a fitter ýalnyň arasynda galmak fitting laýyk 1 [la:ýyk] adj fitting, appropriate, a flame_up köremek [kö:remek] v to flame up, to good fit laýyk gelmek to fit maňa laýyk tikilen flare up kömür köräp başlady the coals flamed penjek an embroidered jacket that fits me up five bäş num five Musa pygamber bäş kitap ýazdy. flap pasyrdamak 1 v to flap, flap wings guş The prophet Moses wrote five books. [Called pasyrdap uçdy the bird has flown flapping its the Töwrat (Torah).] comp. bäş barmagy ýaly wings belet ; bäşlik 1 n five, number five (bus, etc.) flare raketa 2 [ra'keta] n flare ýagtylyk raketasy fiver bäşlik 3 n five (pound/manat, etc.) note, a sesli raketa {distress signal} fiver Bäşlik alýarsyňmy? Will you take a fiver? flash ýalp n flash ýalp etmek to flash ýyldyrym fix bejermek 1 v to repair, fix Men radiony ýalp etdi the lightning flashed bejerdim. I fixed the radio.; berkitmek 2 v to flat kwartira n flat, lodging, apartment(s) iki fix, attach, fasten Şekili diwara berkitmek üçin, otagly kwartira two-room flat; takyr 2 adj (desert) flat; ýasy adj falt, plane ýasy daban flat floor pol n floor tagta pol wooden floor pol foot; ýüzin [ýüzi:n] adj flat, flatways, prone, düşemek to lay a floor face downwards ýüzin ýükülmak to fall flat flour un [u:n] n flour Bugdaý undan bişirlen köke- ýüzin ýatmak to lie face downwards/prone çörekler tagamly bolýar. flatly çürt-kesik adv flatly, categorically çürt- flow akmak1 v to flow, run; guýmak 2 v to flow kesik boýun towlamak to refuse point-blank, (into), fall (into) Amyderýa Aral deňzine guýýar. flatly refuse çürt-kesik garşy bolmak to be utterly The Amu Daria river flows into the Aral sea. opposed to something flower gül 1 n flower gyzyl gül red flower gül flatter ýalynmak v to flatter sapagy peduncle gül ýatagy receptacle comp. gül flatterer ýaranjaň n flatterer, sycophant ýüzli ; güllemek 1 v to flower, bloom, blossom flee_as_refugee bosmak v to flee as a refugee, to flowing akaba 1 [aka:ba] cf: kanalizasiýa. adj leave en mass flowing, running akaba ýap fast flowing stream fleet flot n fleet harby-deňiz floty the Navy flotda fluently erkin 3 adj fluently, freely Ol iňlis dilinde gulluk etmek to serve in the Navy howa floty air erkin gürleýär. S/he knows English fluently. fleet fluff übtük n bit of fluff pagtanyň übtügi bit of flesh et 2 n flesh, muscle, fat comp. Biziň etimiz cotton fluff ýüň übtügi ýok. flush gyrat [gyra:t] adj on a level (with), level flexible çeýe 1 adj flexible, lithe, supple, pliable, (with), flush (with) gyrat goýmak to put pliant çeýe şahalar supple branches çeýe çybyk something on a level with (something else) Ol flight gaçyş n flight, escape; reýs cf: uçuş. n oty ýer bilen gyrat edip orýar. He is good at flight {aeroplane}; uçuş cf: reýs. n the flight mowing grass on a level with the ground. Aşgabat säherinden Londona çenli bizin uçuş flustered aljyramak 1 v to be flustered, to be at a wagtymyz alty sagat otuz minut dowam etdi. Uçar loss, to be thrown into confusion Köp myhman uçuş meýdançasyna tarap sürüp ugrady. Sankt- gelende, ol aljyrady. When many guests were Peterburg şäherine guş uçuş ýokarlykdan seretseň coming he became very flustered. örän owadan. Bürgüdiň uçuşy çalt we owadan. flutter galgatmak 1 [ga:lgatmak] v to blow, to flint çakmak2 n a flint [for making fire] flutter Ýel baýdaklary galgatýardy. The banners flip agdarmak 4 [a:gdarmak] v to flip through were fluttering in the wind. Ýel çadyry kitap sahypalaryny agdarmak (gözden geçirmek) galgadýar. The tent is being blown by the wind. to flip through the pages of a book fly siňek n fly Tomusda siňek köp bolýar. There'll flirt oýnaşmak cf: oýnamak, oýnatmak. v to be a lot of flies in the summer.; uçarmak cf: play around (with), flirt (with) samolýot. v to fly; uçmak 1 v to fly Arylar bir ýerlerden wazlaşyp uçyp geldiler. Guşjagaz uçmak float akdyrmak 2 v to float Adamlar agaçlary isleýan ýaly ganatjyklaryny kakýardy. Ilkinji suwda akdyrýarlar. The men floated the logs gozek maňa uçarda uçmak gorkyly boldy. Halyda downstream.; ýüzmek1 1 v to float uçmak ýa-da ädik geýip uçmak diňe ertekilerde flock süri 1 n flock, herd {birds, animals} bolýar. Oguz han oz ak atyny çaptyryp uçyp gitdi. flood gark 2 adv to flood, drown, overflow gark comp. gözüňden uçmak (gözüňden ýitirmek) etmek to flood Sil ekini gark etdi. The flood comp. kelläňden uçmak (ýadyňdan çykarmak) ; drowned the crops. Derýa öz kenaryny gark etdi. uçyrmak v to fly (a plane), to release a bird to The river flooded it's banks. comp. pikir fly derýasyna gark bolmak ; joşgun 1 [jo:şgun] n flood, overflow; sil [si:l] n flood, current foam köpük n foam, lather, froth sabyn nahar n cooked food; meal; dish; noş 1 [no:ş] köpürjikledi we köpükler emele geldi soap foamed n food noş bolsun! Bon appetit!, Enjoy your and bubbled meal!; noş 2 [no:ş] v food noş etmek to eat; fodder iým n fodder, forage iým bermek to feed, tagam 2 n food kakam italiýan tagamlaryny to give fodder to mallar üçin iým fodder for gowy görýär my father likes Italian food animals; iýmlik adj fodder, forage iýmlik arpa foolish akylsyz adj foolish, stupid, irrational,

barley for fodder; ot1 3 n fodder, feed mallara unreasonable, irresponsible ot bermek to give fodder to cattle, feed cattle foolishness akylsyzlyk n foolishness; samsyklyk comp. ot-elek bolmak n foolishness, folly, stupidity siz uly samsyklyk fold agyl 1 [a:gyl] n sheepfold, animal pen; epin etdiňiz you have done a very foolish thing n fold, plait, crease, pleat, tuck köýnegiň epini foot aýak 2 cf: tormoz. n foot {from your ankles gazetiň epini epin tutmak to form a pleat; to your toes} comp. aýaga düşmek comp. eplemek v to fold (single) Aýagyny bas! comp. aýagyňy kesmek comp. folded eplenmek 2 v to be folded eplenip ýatmak aýak bagy bolmak comp. aýak çekmek comp. to twiddle one's thumbs (idiom) dört eplenen aýak diremek comp. aýak goşmak comp. aýak elýaglyk a handkerchief folded into four eplenen ýoluna çykmak ; daban 2 [da:ban] n foot, inch kitap a folded book Watanyň her daban ýeri mukaddesdir. Every folk halk 3 n folk halk döredijiligi folklore halk foot/inch of the country is holy. (sem. domains: aýdymlary folk songs 8.2.8 - Measure.); etek 3 n foot dagyň eteginde at the foot of a mountain dagyň etegi at the foot follow eýermek v to follow, go after biriniň yzyna of a mountain comp. başyňy etegiňe salmak eýermek to follow someone göreldä eýermek to follow one's example düzgüne eýermek to follow football futbol [fut'bol] n football, soccer futbol the rules Seniň yzyňa eýermek kyn. itis difficuklt oýnamak to play football amerikan futboly to follow you. Gowy ýetişýän okuwçylara American football, (US) football eýermek gerek. It needs to follow to good footballer futbolçy n footballer, football player students. kanuna eýermek to follow a law foothills baýyr n foothills, hill(s), knoll, hillock göreldä eýermek to get example ; gollanmak v Bahar paslynda, baýyrlaryň ýüzi her dürli to follow, be guided (by); yzarlamak 3 güllerden dolýar. In Springtime the face of the [y:zarlamak] v to follow gürrüňi yzarlamak to foothills is covered with all kinds of flowers. follow a conversation {event, tradition} footwear aýakgap [aýakga:p] n footwear, shoes follower eýeriji n follower for üçin 1 [üçi:n] post for seň üçin for you font şrift 1 cf: ýazuw. n font, type-face, type Habarlaşmak üçin Aşgabatdaky telefonymyz: Our food aş 1 n food Aşy ýok oraza tutar. One who has phone number for Ashgabat for information is: no food will keep the fast. comp. aş saýlamak for_a_month aýlyk 2 [a:ýlyk] n for a month, a comp. aşa düşmek ; azyk [a:zyk] n food, month's Ol alty aýlyk göwreli. She has been provisions azyk önümleri processed food bir pregnant six months. aýlyk azyk a month's worth of provisions; azyk- for_the_sake *üstünde 2 cf: üst, *üstünden. post owkat [a:zyk-owkat] n food; çörek 2 cf: nan. for the sake of ýoldaşymyň üstünde n food öz çöregiňi gazanmak çöregi bitin eken; for_yourself bir özüňe (comp. of bir) for yourself iýerlik adj food ýol üçin iýerlik zat almak to Men berhizliligim sebäpli nahary bir özüme üçin take food for a journey; iýmit n food, meal, bişirdim. Because I was on a diet I cooked food fodder iýmit bilen üpjün etmek to supply food; for just me. forage ot-iým2 cf: ot-iým1. n forage ot-iým bazasy involuntary nalaç ýagdaý the fact of being forage reserve gyşa ot-iým taýýarlamak to lay in compelled Ol eden günäsini nalaç boýun aldy. He a supply of fodder for the winter was forced to admit his guilt. forbidden haram 1 [hara:m] cf: halal-haram. forceful zor 3 [zo:r] n forceful comp. zor etmek adj unlawful, forbidden, unclean (by Islamic forces güýç 4 n force(s) harby-howa güýçleri the Law) haram haýwan unclean animals = air force ýaragly güýçler the armed forces (sem. animals not allowed to be eaten e.g. because domains: 4.8.3.6.1 - Army.) {military} they were not killed in the way specified by ford güzer n ford Islamic law comp. haram-halal forehead alyn [a:lyn] n forehead Seniň edeniň öz force bal2 1 [ba:l] n force (of the wind, of an alnyňa geler. What you do will come back to earthquake etc.) 1948-nji ýylda Aşgabatda 9 bal you. Alnyň açyk bolsun! Blessings be upon you! ýer titredi. In 1948 a force 9 earthquake shook comp. alnyndan diremek ; maňlaý 1 n Ashgabat.; bat 2 [ba:t] n force, power Ylgap forehead maňlaýyndan ogşamak to kiss one's barýarkam, öňümden ýarak it çykyp, bar badymy forehead comp. maňlaý deriňi saçmak comp. aldy. While I was running a howling dog ran maňlaýyň açylmak comp. maňlaýyňdan out and took away all my power. bat bilen diremek urmak to hit hard Buzuň üstünde taýyp bar bady foreign çet2 1 adj foreign şäheriň çeti; çet2 3 adj bilen ýykyldy. On the ice s/he slipped with full foreign çet ýurt foreign country çet diller foreign force.; gurbat n force, strength, power Bu işi languages çetine degmek to cut someone to the etmäge onuň gurbaty çatmaz. He won't have the quick; daşky 2 adj foreign, external strength to do this work.; güýç 2 n force, effect forest jeňňellik n thicket, forest Jeňňelikde köp Täze kanun güýjüne girdi. A new law came into ýabany haýwanlar ýaşaýar. Many wild animals force. (sem. domains: 4.7 - Law.); güýç 5 n live in the forest. force, power agyrlyk güýji gravity, the force provided by gravity (sem. domains: 7.2.2.5.1 - forget galdyrmak2 2 [ga:ldyrmak] v to forget, leave by mistake Men sagadymy galdyrdym. I've Fall.) {physics}; hal1 3 [ha:l] n force, strength haldan düşmek to grow weak, lose one's forgotton my watch. comp. haýran galdyrmak strength; zor 1 [zo:r] n force comp. zor etmek ; comp. täsir galdyrmak ; unutmak v to forget zorlamak 1 [zo:rlamak] v to force, compel, Dukandan almaly zatlaryňy unutmaz ýaly kagyza make zorlap almak to take something by force belläý.; ýatdan çykarmak 2 (comp. of zorlap işletmek to make somebody work; çykarmak1, ýat2) to forget gözüni çykarmak; zorlatmak 1 cf: zörletmek. v to force someone ýatdan çykmak (comp. of çykmak, ýat2) to to use force {colloq} forget forced alaçsyz 1 [ala:çsyz] adj forced alaçsyz forgive bagyşlamak 2 interj to forgive Gadyr ýagdaý forced situation; no choice in the gijesinde adamlar biri-birini bagyşlaýarlar. On matter; between a rock and a hard spot; fi:Gadyr night people forgive each other. çäresiz adv forced, willy-nilly, against one's [Gadyr night is a feast at the end of fi:ramadan will çäresiz ýagdaý çäresiz razy bolmak to agree (fv:oraza).] comp. Bagyşlaň! ; ötmek 5 cf: willy-nilly; mejbur [mejbu:r] adj forced, ötüşmek. v to forgive, pardon Günämi öt! I'm compulsory mejbur bolmak to be forced to do sorry! comp. dünýäden ötmek something, be compelled to do something forgive_me Bagyşlaň! 1 (comp. of bagyşlamak) mejbur etmek to force, compel; nalaç [na:la:ç] Forgive me! Sorry. Bagyşlaň! Kitaphana haýsy adj forced; reluctant, unwilling, disinclined; köçede ýerleşýärkä? Excuse me, I wonder on which street the library is located? fortune gurra n fortune-telling, sorcery, card- forgiveness ötünç n forgiveness ötünç soramak to reading gurra taşlamak to tell fortunes, tell

ask forgiveness Men sizden ötünç soraýaryn. someone's fortunes; pal2 [pa:l] n divination, Please forgive me. fortune-telling pal atmak to tell someone's fortune kart bilen pal atma card reading el forgiving rehimdar [rehimda:r] cf: rehimli. n boýunça pal atma palmistry soft-hearted, forgiving; the merciful forty kyrk num forty kyrk ýaşly adam a forty-year- fork çarşak cf: wilka. n fork, hay fork; dürtgüç n old person fork Nahary dürtgüç bilen iýmeli. The meal must be eaten with a fork. bişiriljek çöregiň ýüzüne found tapylmak v to be found bol(lukda) dürtgüç urmak to prick bread before baking; tapylmak abound wilka 1 ['wilka] cf: çarşak. n fork wilka bilen foundation binýat [binýa:t] n foundation binýat iýmek to eat with a fork; wilka 2 ['wilka] cf: etmek to build; fundament [fun'dament] cf: çarşak. n plug ştepsel wilkasy two-pin plug düýp, esas. n foundation; teý 1 n foundation form anketa [an'keta] n form, questionnaire, fountain fontan [fon'tan] cf: suw çüwdürümy. application anketa doldurmak to fill in a form; n fountain nebit fondy gusher blank n (blank) form Gaz we elektrik çyrasynyň four çar num four çar tarap [used in many blankasyny doldyryp banka tölemäge bardym. Proverbs and sayings]; dört [dö:rt] num four Kepilnama blankasyny kserokopiýadan köpeltdim.; iki gözüň dört bolmak oh marry (for boys) (lit. emele getirmek v to form, make; galyp 1 two eyes become four) Durmuş toýuň bilen [ga:ly:p] cf: görnüş, forma, standart, ülňi. n gutlaýarys, iki göziň dört bolupdyr. We form, pattern, mould kerpiç guýulýan galyp congratulate you on your wedding party, your brick-mould comp. bir galypdan çykan ýaly ; two eyes became four. Dört aýakly haýwanlar şekil 1 n form, shape; ýasamak 3 v to form biziň ýakyn dostlarymyzdyr. Four legged animals işlikden at ýasamak to form a noun from a verb are our friends. {grammar} comp. ýelk ýasamak fourth dördünji fourth dördünji gün Thursday, the former düýnki adj yesterday's, former; hemişe 2 fourth day adv before, formerly, former Sen hemişe bu ýere fox tilki n fox gelýärdiň. You used to come here formerly.; fracture döwük 2 n fracture eliň döwügi fractured köne 2 [kö:ne] cf: garry. adj former köne hand Eliň ýa-da aýagyň döwügini ýerine salyp başlyk former chairman comp. köne zaman gips goýýarlar. They fix broken hand or leg and agtarmak comp. köne-küşül ; öňki 1 adj former put gypsum. Döwük-enjigi tebipler ýerine öňki wagtlarda in the old days, in former times salýarlar. The healers treat a fracture. biziň öňki mugallymymyz our former teacher {medical} fort gala [gala:] n fort, castle, (walled) city, fragile port2 adj fragile, frail port agaç frail tree (walled) town Gök-depe galasy the town of Gok France Fransiýa n France (sem. domains: 9.7.2.1 Tepe galada ýaşamak to live in a town (walled - Names of countries.) city) frank aç-açan 1 [aç-aça:n] adj frank, candid; fortieth kyrkynjy fortieth kyrkynjy sahypa page açyk ýürek (comp. of ýürek) frank, sincere, forty kyrkynjy san number forty candid; gönümel adj frank, honest, open, fortunate rysgally adj fortunate; lucky; happy; upright gönümel adam truthful/upright person successful rysgally adam lucky person gönümel jogap honest answer gönümel bolmak to be frank/honest/upright frankly aç-açan 2 [aç-aça:n] adv frankly, not spoil. aýagyňy sowuga doňdurmak to get candidly, openly aç-açan iş to do something frozen feet Gapyny ýap,doňdurdyň! Close the openly aç-açan aýtmak to speak frankly door, it's freezing! Daşarda garaşdyryp free azat [aza:t] adj free azat ýurt free country doňdurdyň. We are frozen because you made us azat etmek to free, set free, release, emancipate wait outside. bank hasaplaryny doňdurmak to azat ediji rescuer, deliverer, emancipator azat freeze a bank account ; doňmak 1 v to freeze, edijilikli hereket liberation movement; boş söz be frozen Derýa doňupdyr. The river is/has (comp. of boş) adj talking rubbish, empty frozen (up). words, nonsense Seniň beren wadalaryňa men fresh gök galdy 3 (comp. of gök) fresh, unripe; indi ynanamok, olaryň hemmesi boş söz. Şu gün körpe 2 adj fresh, young körpe ot fresh grass boş wagtym kän, bir ýerik aýlanmaga gitsemem körpe sogan green onion; ter adj fresh; ýumşak bolýar. Maşynyňyzda boş ýer bar bolsa menem siz 3 adj fresh ýumşak çörek fresh bread {bread} bilen bile gezelenje gitsemem bolýar. Fermaň fret perde 3 n fret dutaryň perdesi fret of a dutar golaýyndan geçip barýarkaň köplenç boş aýlanyp başga perdeden gopmak to sing another tune ýören mallara gabat gelýar. boş gap Seniň hemme {stringed instrument}; urunmak 3 v to fret, to aýdanlaryň boş söz. boş ýer barmy? boş wagt boş be unsettled (inwardly) Gyzym agşam orun/ wezipe boş kürsi boş adam boş ulag, maşyn gyzdyranda tiz kömek gelýançä bir howsala düşüp boş gezip ýören mallar boş gep-gürrüňler; urunandyrn. boşatmak 1 v to free, set free; eli boş (comp. Friday anna [a:nna] n Friday {literary}; bäşinji of boş) free; erkin 1 adj free, independent, gün n Friday; juma 1 [juma:] n Friday juma without ties erkin adam independent person güni, anna Friday, on Friday Soňky döwür juma erkin bolmak to be free/independent erkin adam namazyna köp adam gatnaşýar. Lately many free person erkin bolmak to be free erkin terjime people go to Friday prayers. a free translation; erkli adj free, independant fridge sowadyjy cf: holodilnik. n refrigerator erkli adam independant person; mugt adj free, {abbr} gratis; free of charge mugt bermek to give fried gowrulmak v to be fried, be roasted, be something free of charge mugt almak; muzdsyz grilled cf: tölegsiz. adj free of charge, without charge; pulsuz 1 adj free (of charge), gratuitous pulsuz fried_meat gowurma n fried meat {often done to okuw free education; tölegsiz cf: muzdsyz. preserve it if you don't have a refridgerator}

free, without having to pay; ýöne2 1 [ýö:ne] friend boýdaş 1 n (female) friend Şu gün boýdaş adj free, for nothing Ol muny saňa ýöne joralarym bilen aýdym-saz konserine gitjek. berdimi? Did he give it to you for nothing? Boýdaş gyzlar bilen pagta ýygmaga gidýarin.; dost freedom azatlyk [aza:tlyk] n freedom; erkinlik n 1 [do:st] n friend, pal, mate Biz üç dost bolup, freedom kino gitdik. We three friends went to the cinema. dost bolmak to be/become friends freely erkin 2 adj freely özüňi erkin alyp barmak Gowy dost bolmak üçin diňe begenjini paýlaşman, to live freely kyn gününde birinji bilen kömege gelmeli. To be a freeze doňdurmak 1 v to freeze suwy doňdurmak good friend you have to help each other out in make ice Süýtden resept boýunça doňdurma times of trouble, not just share in the good ýasap doňduruja salyp doňdurdyk. We made ice- times. Biz öz dost ýurtlarymyza kömek etmeli. We cream from milk and put it in the freezer. Et need to help the nations who are our friends. zaýalanmazlyk üçin doňduryja salyp doňdurdyk. Turkmenistanyň dost hem goňşy ýurtlary Eýran, We stored the meat in the freezer so it would Turkiýa, Gazahstan, Özbegistan. Iran, Turkey, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan are friends and from_beginning turuwbaşdan from the neighbouring countries of Turkmenistan. Dost, beginning maňa kömek etsene! Friend, please help me! dost from_behind *yzýanyndan from behind ýurtlar friendly countries Dost – dostuň aýnasy. from_head_to_foot başdan-aýak1 adj from head (nakyl) A friend is indeed. (Proverb) [used by a to foot, from (the) beginning to (the) end, top boy or man of his male friend]; halypa 2 to bottom öýi başdan-aýak arassalamak to tidy [haly:pa] n friend (address); ýoldaş 1 n friend, the house from top to bottom Çeper filmi köp companion ýoldaş bolmak to be friends (with) bölüm bolsa-da, başdan-aýaga çenli seretdim. I ýan ýoldaş marriage partner watched the film from beginning to end despite friendly agzybir [agzybi:r] adj friendly; united, it's many parts. harmonious; dostlukly [do:stlukly] adj from_the_beginning başdan adj from the very friendly, amicable dostlukly gatnaşyklar friendly beginning, from the very outset say. Aýaly relations Mekdebiň elli ýyllygyna bagyşlanyp başdan, çagany ýaşdan geçirilen duşuşyşyk dostlukly ýagdaýda geçdi. The from_then şondan cf: şonda, şol. from then meeting to celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of from_this mundan Pronoun from fv:bu mundan the school was amicable. Turkmenistan ähli beýlek from now on, from this point forward ýurtlar bilen dostlukly hyzmatdaşlyk saklaýar. Turkmenistan enjoys friendly cooperation with front öň 1 front jaýyň öňi the front of a house öň all countries.; dostparaz [do:stparaz] adj tarapy front comp. öň ýeten comp. öňüni almak friendly, amicable comp. öňüni soňuny pikir edip geplemek ; ýüz2 4 post front, right side matanyň ýüzi the right friendship agzybirlik 1 [agzybi:rlik] n side of the material comp. açyk (güler) ýüzli friendship, harmony; dostluk [do:stluk] n comp. agyr ýüzli comp. çilime ýüz urmak friendship, friendly terms, friendly relations comp. ýüz bermek comp. ýüz döndermek comp. dostluk açmak make friends (with) Daşary ýurt ýüz saraltmak comp. ýüz solgun comp. ýüz bilen dostluk açmak üçin doly ygtyýarly wekil tutmak comp. ýüz urmak comp. ýüz-göz comp. ugratdylar. They gave full council authority to ýüzbe-ýüz comp. ýüze çykmak comp. ýüzi initiate friendship with a foreign country. täzelenmek comp. ýüzüne atanak çekmek halklaryň dostlugy friendship of nations dostluk comp. ýüzüne gara sürtmek comp. ýüzüni salamy greetings of friendship dostluk sapary almak comp. ýüzüni ýuwmak friendship visit Prezident dostluk sapary bilen Gazagistana gitdi. The President made a frost aýaz n frost friendship visit to Kazahkstan.; howandarlyk 2 frosty aňzak adj frosty aňzak howa frosty weather [howanda:rlyk] n kinship, family relations aňzakly ýel biting wind frighten hopukmak v to frighten, scare, startle; frozen doň adj frozen doň suw ice doň et frozen ürküzmek cf: ürkmek. v to frighten, to scare It meat doňuny çözmek to thaw the frozen goýunlary ürküzdi. Doňduryjydan eti çykaryp doňundan çözmek üçin fringe seçek n fringe (on material, carpets) daşynda goýduk. We took the meat from the freezer and put it outside to thaw. Ýeriň doňy frog gurbaga [gurba:ga] n frog çözülmese ekişe başlap bolmaz. It is not possible from bäri 1 post from, since Ol ýedi aý bäri to start sowing until the ground thaws. comp. Türkmenistanda ýaşaýar eken. He has been doň ýürek comp. doňuny çözmek living in Turkmenistan for 7 months. comp. fruit ir-iýmiş [i:r-iýmiş] n fruit ir-iýmiş mürepbesi bäri bakmak fruit jam; iýmiş n fruit gök iýmişler green fruit iýmiş getirmek to yield/bear fruit; miwe1 1 oýnawaçlardan doldurdylar. Children filled the [mi:we] n fruit miwe bermek (getirmek) to bear room with toys. deklarasiýa doldurmak to fill fruit miwe getirýän agaçlar miwe suwy Bu agaç şu declaration Maglumaty grafik boýunça ýyl miwe getirip başlady Bu armyt garrapdyr, indi doldurdyk. We filled information according to

miwe getirmeýär.; miwe2 n fruit miwe getirmek to the grafic. Çaga üç ýaşyny doldurdy. The child bear fruit Bu armyt garrapdyr, indi miwe was three years old. Atam altmyş üç ýaşyny getirmeýär. This pear tree has got old, it doesn't dolduryp ak goýun toýyny etdi. My grandfather bear fruit any more. Köp ýyllyk zähmetiň became sixty-three and made ak goyun (white miwesi. The fruit of much labour. sheep) wedding. Okan hatym meniň ýüregimi fruitful bereketli bolmak v to be fruitful, be şatlykdan doldurdy. The letter which I read abundant Ýerden aljak hasylyň bereketli bolar filled my heart with joy. anketa doldurmak to ýaly, biliňi berk guşap işlemeli. In order to gain a fill questionarie ; haklamak 2 v fulfil, carry blessed harvest, you need to gird up your loins out, undertake and work hard. Hasyl toýda saçaklaryň üsti fulfilled bitmek 1 v be fulfilled, be carried out bereketli boldy. At the harvest festival the table- Meniň haýyşym bitdi. comp. aýak bit comp. dil cloths were blessed. [i.e. it was full of bitmek comp. diýeniň bitmek produce]; miweli [mi:weli] adj fruit-bearing, full dok adj full, satisfied, sated (of food) Men fruitful miweli agaç fruit-bearing tree miweli bag dok. I've had enough. dok däne full wheat fruit orchard Hasyly gowy almak üçin dok bugdaý ekmeli. In fry gowurmak v to fry order to get a good harvest one needs to sow frying_pan saç2 [sa:ç] n frying pan enough wheat. Mallara iýmini, suwuny berdim, olar dok. I gave forage and water to the herds, fuel ýangyç cf: benzin. n fuel {oil, petrol} they are full. Gundagdaky çaga dok bolsa, hiç fugitive gaçak n runaway, fugitive; gaçgak 1 n ýeri agyrmasa ýatýar. A newborn baby sleeps if fugitive, runaway gaçgak adam a fugitive it is full and free from pain. Men nahar iýjek gaçgak mal runaway animal comp. gaçgak däl, men dok. I am not going to have a meal, I haryt am full.; doly 1 [do:ly] adj full, filled, stuffed fulfil amal etmek (comp. of amal) to fulfil, to Awtobus adamdan doly. The bus is full of complete, to accomplish; amala aşyrmak people. doly bolmak to be full bedre suwdan doly (comp. of amal) to fulfil, to complete, to Saçagyň üsti iýmitden doly. Çäýnek çaýdan doly. accomplish; berjaý etmek [berja:ý etmek] v The teapot is full of tea. Şu gün öýmiz fulfil, obey, observe, carry out kanuny berjaý myhmandan doly. Our home is full of guests etmek to observe the law düzgüni berjaý etmek to today. {inanimate}; kämil 2 [kämi:l] adj full; keep to the regulations Buýrulan işi berjaý edip finished; strong ýerine ýetirmek. To fulfil and carry out the work full_stop nokat 1 n full stop oturly nokat that has been ordered. Gullukdan gelen ýigitler semicolon goşa nokat colon nokat goýmak to put watan öňündäki borjuny berjaý etdiler. The a full stop; to finish, come to an end young men coming back from army service {grammar} comp. nokat göçürmek comp. carried out their duty to their country.; nokatma-nokat comp. Onuň gahary soňky doldurmak 2 v to carry out, fulfil, achieve, nokada ýetdi. attain plany doldurmak to carry out the plan fullness kämillik [kämi:llik] n fullness, Gazany dolduryp nahar bişirdim. I cooked a full completion, maturity kämillik ýaşy maturity, pot of food. bazary harytdan doldurmak to fill full age kämillik ýaşyna ýetmek to come of age, market with goods. Çagalar otagyny to attain one's maturity Biziň ýurdumyzda funnel guýguç n funnel guýguç bilen guýmak to kämillik ýaşyna ýetmedik çagalara işlemek pour through a funnel; turba 3 n funnel gadagan. In our country it is forbidden to work funny gülküli adj funny, ridiculous, laughable for unmaturity children. gülküli hekaýa funny story; gülkünç adj funny fund fond cf: maýa1. n fund walýuta fondy furious gazaply 1 adj furious, fierce, viscious currency reserve/fund döwlet fondy state fund gazaply hüjüm fierce attack gazaply bolmak to be muzeý fondy fund of museum söz fond corpus furious gazaply ýel viscious wind {linguistics}; maýa3 [ma:ýa] n fund, supply, furniture mebel ['mebel] n furniture mebel stock, reserve maýa goýmak to put by; to invest dükany furniture shop mebelli furnished, with capital maýa goýma capital investment comp. furniture mebelsiz unfurnished, without maýa goýum furniture fundamental düýpli 1 adj fundamental, furrow joýa [jo:ýa] n bed, row, furrow, groove profound, root meselä düýpli çemeleşmek to (of a crop) joýa çekmek to furrow hyýary tackle the root problem Dogry jogap almak üçin joýalap ekmek to plant cucumbers in furrows meseläni düýpli öwrenmeli. To get the correct further ilerlemek v to further, advance answer requires an understanding of the fury gazap n fury, rage, anger gazap bilen with fundamentals. rage, in a rage gazaba münmek to become düýpli remont edilmeli traktor the tractor needs furious, to fly into a rage comp. gazaba basic repairs Turkmenistanda düýpli özgerişikler münmek geçirilçär. There are fundamental changes going on in Turkmenistan. Otagymyzda düýpli fuss jenjel 2 n fuss, a lot of noise, scandal jenjel abatlaýyş işleri geçirildi. The main repair works turuzmak to make a fuss were done in our room. Otagdaky öý goşlaryň FUT -ar FUT ýeri düýpli üýtgedilipdir. All the furniture in the future geljek 1 cf: perspektiwa. adj future geljek room has been changed. wagtda in the future fundamentally düýpgöter adv fundamentally, future_tense geljek 3 cf: perspektiwa. adj quite future_tense geljek zaman future tense {grammar}

G g gaiety horramlyk n gaiety, cheerfulness, gallows dar 2 [da:r] n gallows dardan asmak to joviality, liveliness, merriment; meslik 1 n hang someone from the gallows gaiety, merriment say. Mesligi goýun göterer galoshes galoş [ga'loş] n galoshes, overshoes, comp. mesligi götermek rubbers gain gazanmak 4 v to gain/get tejribe gazanmak game aw [a:w] n game, prey aw awlamak to hunt, to gain experience go hunting aw bolmak to get hurt Aw ganly gait ýöriş 1 [ýöri:ş] n gait, step çalt ýöriş quick bolmak To be successful (in the hunt) Aw ganly gait bol-a? Did you kill any game? [for the hunter to gallop çapmak2 1 v to gallop, set off at a gallop become the hunted!]; döw n game, match, set at çapmak bir döw küşt oýnamak to play one set Birinji döw deňme-deň tamamlandy. The first game finished all square. comp. döwüň sürmek ; oýun 1 n gather jemlemek 1 cf: komplekt. v to gather; (sports) game gyzykly oýun good game oýunyň concentrate, focus ünsi bir zada jemlemek to ikinji ýarymynda Aşgabat has gowy oýnady. In focus one's attention (on, upon); toplamak v to the second half of the game Ashgabat played gather (things) together; toplanmak v to

extremely well. howply oýun dangerous game gather, assemble; üýşmek2 cf: üýşürmek. to be

comp. başyna oýun getirmek gathered??; üýşürmek 1 cf: üýşmek2. v to gape agza aňkarmak (comp. of agyz) to gape; gather, collect, assemble adamlary üýşürmek to aňkarmak v to gape (at) gather the people; ýygmak 1 v to gather, harvest ýygymçylar pagtany ýygdylar the Gara gara 3 adj "Gara" - a male person's name gatherers gathered cotton comp. agzyňy comp. gara bagt comp. gara burç comp. gara ýygmak ; ýygnamak 1 v to gather, collect, pick çaý comp. gara gün comp. gara hat comp. gara oňat hasyl ýygnamak to gather in a good harvest iş comp. gara möý2 comp. gara öý say. garasy goşun ýygnamak to assemble/muster troops ýitmek comp. nebit2 maglumat ýygnamak to collect information garage garaž [ga'raž] n garage; ussahana 2 poçta markalary ýygnamak to collect postage [ussaha:na] n garage, mechanic's yard, auto stamps; ýygnanmak v to gather, assemble Biz repair shop Maşynyň tigiriniň ýeli çykyp maşyn ertir ýygnanarys. We shall meet tomorrow.; ussahanasyna zordan aşdym. ýygnanyşmak v to gather, meet Biz pikir garbage hapa 2 n dross, garbage, refuse alyşmaga ýygnanyşdyk. We gathered to garden bag 1 [ba:g] n garden comp. çagalar exchange ideas. Barsa, ýolbaşlary ýygnanyşyp bagy ; bakja n melon garden, plantation başlapdyrlar. All the leaders began meeting Bakjadaky ekinleri wagtly-wagtynda suwarmaly. together. Things planted in a melon garden need gathering üýşmeleň 1 n gathering, a small watering regularly. Bakjada her-hili gök önümler group; ýygnanyşyk [ýygnanyşyk] n gathering, ösýär. In a plantation all kinds of plants grow. collection, crowd, meeting men okuwa [especially for (water)-melon and gourds] girendigim sebäpli öýde ýygnanyşyk gurnadym i comp. çagalar bakjasy called a meeting in my house in reason of gardened howly 2 n house with a garden, entering to university courtyard or yard {colloq} gauze hasa3 n gauze gardener bagban [ba:gba:n] n gardener gazelle jeren n gazelle, small antelope Biziň Bagbanyň işi, baglara seretmek, suwarmak, Bathyz zapowednigimizde owadan jerenleri aklamak we düýp ýerini ýumşatmak. A gardner's görmek bolýar. Many beautiful gazelles can be work is to watch the garden, water it, tidy it, seen in our Bathyz reserve.; keýik 1 n gazelle, and soften hard ground. Baglary bagbandan antelope keýikler iň çalt ylgaýan ot iýijiler. gowy tanaýan ýok. No one knows gardens like a antelopes are the fastest grass-eaters; maral n gardner. gazelle, mountain gazelle garlic sarymsak n garlic gecko as [a:s] n gecko gas benzin 2 [ben'zi:n] cf: ýangyç. n gas, fuel GEN -yň 1 suffix GEN {Amer}; gaz2 1 n gas tebigy gazy natural gas gender jyns 1 n gender, sex awuly gaz poison gas magdan gazy ore gas genealogy şejere n genealogy gate derweze 1 n gate howlynyň derwezesi the general esasy 2 [esa:sy] adj general esasy baza courtyard gate, garden gate general baze esasy goş the main baggage; general [gene'ral] n general goşun generaly genie jyn n genie , devil [an intelligent being General of the Army lower than the angels, able to appear in human generally aslynda adj in general, generally, on and animal forms, and having power over the whole Ol aslynda gowy adam. He is a good people] comp. jynyň atlanmak comp. Ony guy/good person.; esasan [esa:sa:n] meniň jynym alanok. comp. Saňa näme jyn conjunction generally, usually Aýdýanyňyz, urdy? esasan dogry. generally it is right what you say.; gentle ýumşak 4 adj gentle, kind ýumşak esasy 3 [esa:sy] adj generally, on the whole; ýüreklilik soft-heartedness garaz conjunction on the whole, generally, in geographical geografik adj geographical general; umuman 1 [umu:man] conjunction in geografik karta geographical map general, generally speaking Umuman men geography geografiýa cf: zugrafiýa. n pişiklerden itleri has halaýan. Umuman men geography fiziki geografiýa physical geography tikinçilik işi edesim gelenok, meniň kärim başka ykdysady geografiýa economical geography urdan. Umuman men özümi ýaramaz duýaryn. Georgia Gürjistan [Gü:rjista:n] n Georgia (sem. generation arka 5 n generation ýedi arkaňy domains: 9.7.2.1 - Names of countries.) tanamak to know seven generations [of Georgian gruzin 1 n a Georgian; gruzin 2 adj ancestors] comp. arkasyndan gürrüňini etmek ; Georgian gruzin aýaly Georgian gruzin dili döwür 2 n generation Häzirki döwürde Georgian, the Georgian language (sem. aragatnaşyk örän giňedi. In our time the domains: 4.1.2 - Types of people.); gürji 1 n a communication gets wide. Biz täze döwüre Georgian (person); gürji 2 adj Georgian gadam basdyk. We stepped to new era. Şu Ýokarda Gruzin diýip bar. Do we need both? döwür kompýüterleşdirilen döwür. This men gürji I am a Georgian gürji dili the Georgian generation is computerlised generation. comp. language (sem. domains: 4.1.2 - Types of atam döwüri ; pyşt n generation ýedi pyşdyna people.) {colloq} çenli bilmek to know one's ancestors up to the GER -ip GER; -yp GER seventh generation {colloq} German nemes ['nemes] n German nemes aýaly generosity jomartlyk [jo:ma:rtlyk] n generosity, German woman nemes dili the German language lavishness jomartlyk etmek to display nemesçe geplemek to speak German (sem. generosity; sahawat [saha:wat] n generosity, domains: 3.5.3 - Language.) liberality, lavishness Germany Germaniýa n Germany (sem. domains: generous eli açyk (comp. of el) generous Atamyň 9.7.2.1 - Names of countries.) eli açyk, kim näme sorasa berýär. My grandfather is generous, he gives everything.; get edinmek 1 v to acquire, obtain, buy, get Men jomart [jo:ma:rt] adj generous, liberal jomart özüme täze kompýuter edindim. I got a new adam generous person Biziň ýegenimiz jomart computer for myself. gelin edinmek to get a adam, her gezek gezmäge gelende, bize köp sowgat bride maşgala bolup nahar edinmek to have a getirýär. Our nephew is a generous person, meal with family comp. maksat edinmek comp. every time he visits us he brings many gifts.; niýet edinmek sahawatly [saha:watly] adj generous, liberal, get_angry gaharyň gelmek (comp. of gelmek) v lavish, extravagant sahawatly adam to get angry Men syýahatdan gaýdyp geldim. i lavish/extravagant person; sahy [sahy:] adj came back from trip Otly geldi. train arrived generous, lavish, extravagant, liberal sahy Kelläme täze pikir geldi. i got new idea into my adam extravagant person head Şäherden täze habar geldi. there`s news from city Maňa çakylyk geldi. i got invitation get_splinter batmak 3 cf: badyna. v to get a Ýel geldi. wind came Güýçli sil geldi. heavy flood splinter Elime tiken batdy. I got a splinter in my came Bahar pasly geldi. spring has come Şu hand. gawun ýedi kilo geldi. this melon was 7 kilos Bu get_thirsty suwsamak v to get thirsty meniň çakymdan ýeňil geldi. it was easy than i get_tired ýadamak cf: ýadatmak. v to be tired, supposed Bu köýnek maňa giň geldi. this dress get tired Men köp işläp ýadadym. I've worked was wide for me Bu laýyk geldi. it fits me; hard and got tired. ýöräp ýadamak to get tired gyzarmak 4 v to be/get angry erliksiz gyzarmak of walking garaşyp ýadamak to get tired of to be/get angry for nothing waiting get_better bäri bakmak (comp. of bäri) to get get_up örmek1 4 [ö:rmek] v to get up (after sleep, better [after an illness] more than one person) Sag-aman ördüňizmi? get_confused garjaşmak 2 [ga:rjaşmak] v to get Good morning! comp. bir öýden örmek ;

confused, get muddled Meniň pikirlerim örmek2 cf: örüşmek. v to get up; örüşmek

garjaşdy. I lost my train of thought. [ö:rüşmek] cf: örmek2. v to get up (as a get_depressed keýpiň gaçmak (comp. of family); turmak 2 cf: durmak. v get up; wake gaçmak) to be in low spirits, get depressed up Turuň! It's time to get up! comp. göwünden Söýgülimiň duşuşyga gelmändigi üçin keýpim turmak

gaçdy. I was in low spirits, because of my girl- get_up_and_leave örmek1 3 [ö:rmek] v to get up friend did not come to my meeting. to go (after meeting, more than one person) get_frightened gany gaçmak 2 (comp. of Adamlar örüp başladylar. People began to go gaçmak, gan) to be white with fear, get home. comp. bir öýden örmek frightened get_used_to öwrenişmek 1 cf: öwrenişdirmek. v get_into_fuss başagaý adj to get into a fuss Öýde to get used to, get accustomed to işe başagaý bolup, açary alman gaýdypdyryn. I got in öwrenişmek to get used to the work adamlara such a fuss I left home without my keys. öwrenişmek to get accustomed to the people Sen get_into_habit endik etmek (comp. of endik) to yssa öwrenişdiňmi? Have you got used to the get into the habit heat? get_jaundiced sary getirmek (comp. of get_working işletmek 1 [i:şletmek] v to get sth. getirmek) to get jaundiced Men suw getirdim. working, get sth. done, have sth. worked out, to Bu ýyl almalar gowy getirdi. Kärhana peýda make someone work gije-gündiz işletmek to getirdi. zyýan getirmek mysal getirmek namys make someone/sth. work day and night getirmek get_worse aýra üzülmek 1 (comp. of gaýra, get_lit ýakdyrmak2 cf: ýakmak1. v to get üzülmek) to get worse (about a patient) someone to light ghost arwah n ghost, dead spirit; arwah-jyn n get_lost Bar, işiňe git! (comp. of barmak1) Mind ghost; ruh1 2 [ru:h] n ghost, spirit ölen adamyň your own business! Get lost! ruhy a dead person's spirit Meniň gözüme bir ruh göründi. A ghost appeared before my eyes. get_married ýerleşmek 8 v to get married {f} comp. ruhdan düşmek get_mixed_up çalşyrmak 3 v to get mixed up Sen giant döw 1 n giant, ogre, demon, monster, titan meni doganym bilen çalşyrma. Gadym zaman bir döw bar ekeni. Once upon a get_prepared häzirlenmek 1 v to get prepared, time there was a giant. Oýunda men döwiň get ready rolyny oýnadym. I played the role of a giant on the stage. döw ýaly huge, enormous Döw ýaly to (i.e. disturb) a sleeping person. kömek ber to äpet adamy gördüm. I saw a huge giant of a help salam bermek to greet; emlemek 1 v to man. Meniň doganym işlände döw ýaly işleýär, give sygra ot emlemek to give a cow grass; ýadanynam bilenok. My brother works like a gomparmak v to give oneself airs, get a titan but he is not tired. comp. döw çalmak ; swollen head; gowşurmak v to give, hand pilmahmyt n giant over, deliver, present sylagy gowşurmak to hand gift serpaý [serpa:ý] n gift, present; ukyp [uky:p] over a present salam gowşurmak to send one's n gift, talent, aptitude Sende ukyp bar. regards haty gowşurmak to deliver a letter {finances} comp. ilatyň satyn alyjylyk ukyby ; comp. gol gowşurmak ; kesmek 5 v to give ona zehin [zehi:n] n gift, talent comp. zehiniňi bäş ýyl kesdiler he was given five years to be in ýakmak prison comp. ýol kesmek ; ýüklemek 2 v to give, make shoulder, burden Ähli işi täze gifted ukyply [uky:ply] adj gifted, talented Bilbil mugallyma ýüklediler. They made the new aýdym-saza ukyply bolup, medeniýet institutyna teacher carry the whole work comp. günä okuwa girdi. Döwlet kiçilikden köp kitap okap ýüklemek comp. üstüne ýüklemek ukyply bolup etişdi. Döwran Hudaý tarapdan 2 ukyply oglan. Gurt Çary öz ukyplylygy bilen give_advice öwretmek 2 [ö:wretmek] v to hemde köp sazlaň üstünde işläp aýdym aýdyp at instigate, incite Kim saňa gep öwredýär? Who gazanan bagşysy boldy. {inherent, acquired}; taught you to speak like that?; changed from zehinli [zehi:nli] adj gifted, talented zehinli Who incites you to speak so? comp. Bu günki ýazyjy gifted writer serçe düýnki serçe «jik-jik» öwreder. giggle hikirdemek v to giggle, to titter, to snigger give_consent razylyk bildirmek (comp. of razylyk) to give one's consent, show gimlet buraw n gimlet, auger, drill, perforator satisfaction, agree nä razylyk bidirmek to Ejem nebit gaz buraw ekspedisiýasynda aşpez disagree, show dissatisfaction Ol bu teklibe bolup işledi. Beýik depä münseň çöldäki buraw özüniň razylygyny bildirdi. He made known that wyşkasy görünýar. he agreed with this suggestion. Ol bu işe özüniň gingach gyňaç [gy:ňaç] n gingach, big headscarf razylygyny bildirdi. He made known that he was [headscarf worn by married Turkmen women] happy with this job. gird guşamak v to gird gowşak guşamak to girdle give_drink içirmek v to give someone a drink weak, bind the belt weak biliňi guşamak to suw içirmek to give somebody a drink of water girdle, put a belt on one's waist give_out saçmak v to give out, spread saçyp girl gyz 1 [gy:z] n girl gyz gözelligi girl's beauty durmak shine ýagty saçmak to shine gün nuruny comp. gelin-gyz comp. gyz-oglan ; maşgala 2 n saçyp dur the sun is shining brightly comp. der girl oňat maşgala good girl saçmak comp. dür saçmak girlfriend jora [jo:ra] n girlfriend Onuň jorasy give_ride uçurmak 4 v to give someone a ride meşhur aýdymçy. Her girlfriend is a well-known Çagalary seýil bagyň atraksionynda uçurmak üçin singer. [used by a girl or woman of a female pul toledim. {carousel, roller coaster, etc.} friend] comp. başyňdan huşuny uçurmak comp. give atarmak v to give, do nahar atarmak to put neşesini uçurmak comp. söz uçurmak the food on to heat up; bermek 1 v to give give_time wagt bermek (comp. of wagt) to give Jigime alma berdim. I gave an apple to my time (Sen maňa naharlanmaga wagt ber.) younger sibling. Ukuda ýatan adama azar give_up goýmak 3 v to give up, stop Gürrüňiňizi bermek gowy däl. You shouldn't give problems goýuň! Stop talking! çilim çekmegi goýmak to give up smoking comp. at goýmak comp. glutton ýalmawuz n glutton gadam goýmak ; zyňmak 3 v to give up comp. gluttonous iýermen adj gluttonous, voracious telpegiňi göge zyňmak iýermen öküz gluttonous bull giver beriji n giver, the one giving, donor Gan go barmak1 1 v to go, to head in the direction beriji adamlar, syrkawa kömek edýärler. Blood (of) Nirä barýarsyň? Where are you heading? donors help the sick. Dukana baryp gaýtmak üçin biraz wagt gerek. glad şat [şa:t] adj glad; şatlanmak [şa:tlanmak] You need a bit of time to go to the shop and v to be glad, be happy, joyful back. Geçen hepde men diş lukmanyň ýanyna glance garamak2 1 v to look, glance; watch Ol bardym. Last week I went to the dentist's. comp. gyz maňa gülüp garady. she looked at me Bar, işiňe git! say. Çagyrylmadyk ýeriňe barma, smiling daş-töweregiňe garamak look sides çagyrlan ýeriňden galma ; gitmek v to go, comp. bir ele garamak leave Men gideýinmi? Can I go? gidip gelmek to pop in (on someone), visit Men Aşgabada gidip gland mäz n gland garyn asty mäzler pancreas gelerin. I'm going to visit Ashgabat. ýany bilen tüýkülik mäzleri salivary gland galkan şekilli gitmek to accompany someone alyp gitmek to mäzler thyroid gland {anatomy} take, take something with one öňden gitmek to glass aýna [a:ýna] n glass döwülmeýän aýna lead, to go in front comp. gaty gitmek comp. unbreakable glass jaýyň aýnasy the windows of özünden gitmek a house {colloq} comp. yüz görmek üçin aýna ; go_away ýit interj go away, disappear, get lost stakan [sta'kan] n glass Ýit, owarra bol! Get lost! glasses äýnek n glasses, pair of spectacles äýnek go_hard berkemek cf: bekemek. v to go hard dakynmak to wear glasses Topraga wagtly-wagtynda dökün döküp glaze aýnalamak [a:ýnalamak] v to glaze suwarmasaň ýer berkeýär. If you don't add äpişgeleri aýnalamak to glaze the window-panes manure to and water the land every now and gleam öwüsmek 2 v to be iridescent, gleam with then it goes hard. varying colours ýaşyl-gyzyl öwüsmek to gleam go_off zaýalanmak 1 [za:ýalanmak] v to go bad, green, then red gök öwüsmek to turn green go off, spoil {food} comp. nireden öwüsýänine düşer ýaly däl. go_out öçmek 1 cf: öçürmek. v to go out, go off gloomy salyk adv gloomy comp. ýüzi salyk go_over aşmak [a:şmak] v to go over glorified şöhratlanmak [şöhra:tlanmak] v to go_sideways gapdallamak 1 v to go sideways become famous, be renowned, be glorified gapdallap geçmek to pass sideways glorify dabaralamak 1 v to glorify, crown with go_up_in_the_world baýamak [ba:ýamak] v to glory, win fame (for); şöhratlandyrmak become rich, get rich, come into some money, [şöhra:tlandyrmak] v to glorify, bring glory to, go up in the world Söwdegär bir şapbatda, çopan bring fame to, make famous bir ýylda, daýhan on ýylda baýaýar. A glorious şanly [şa:nly] adj glorious businessman gets rich in one moment, a glory şan-şöhrat n glory; şöhrat 1 [şöhra:t] adj shepherd in one year, and a peasant in ten glory, fame, renown years. glove ellik n glove goal derweze 2 n goal (in sport) Top derwezeden glue kleý cf: ýelim. n glue kleýi agaçdan alýarlar geçdi. The ball passed the goal. {sports (e.g. glue is taken from tree; ýelim cf: kleý. glue, football, hockey)} paste goalkeeper derwezeçi n goalkeeper goat çebiş n young goat; geçi n nanny-goat, goat to have a really enjoyable time; mazaly 3 owlakly geçi the goat with kids [maza:ly] adv good, satisfactorily, satisfiable gochak goçak 1 n gochak, [name of an ornament mazaly dynç almak to have a good rest; oňat in the form of horn] [name of an ornament in adj good, well, fine oňat howa fine weather Bu the form of horn] oňat iş. That's a good thing. oňat işlemek to work well oňat bol! Behave yourself!; oňly 1 gochbuyunuz goçbuýnuz n gochbuyunuz, [name adj good, honest, kind, decent oňly adam beýle of an ornament in the form of sheep horn] iş etmez good man wil not do such kind of [name of an ornament in the form of sheep thing; oňly 2 adj good, appropriate, worth- horn] while ol oňly zat getirmändir he didn't bring God Biribar [bi:riba:r] n God; the One who is; anything worth-while; saz1 2 [sa:z] adv good, Oneness; Hudaý [huda:ý] n God Hudaý God normal olaryň arasy saz they are in good terms hudaýlar gods Eý hudaý! Good God! My God! onuň keýpi saz he has good spirits, he is in high Hudaý bilsin! God knows! Hudaýa şükür. Thank spirits, he is in a good mood; ýagşy adj good, God! Hudaýyň haky üçin! For God's sake! Hudaý well Giç ýagşy! Good evening! Gelen ýagşy! saklasyn! God forbid!; Taňry n Tanry, God Good evening! Ýolagçy ýolda ýagşy The traveller Asman Taňrynyň mekany The sky is God's has to be on his way. [Reply to the above dwelling place [God of all the sky and earth (a greeting.] comp. bir-biriňi ýagşy görmek comp. name used by the early Altaic tribes)] comp. ýagşy görmek ; ýagşylyk n good, goodness, Bile ýalkasyn! comp. Taňry ýalkasyň! ; ylahy 1 good deed ýagşylyk etmek to be good to [yla:hy:] n God; Ýaradan 1 n God somebody ol oňa köp ýagşylyk etdi he was very goggle mölermek [mö:lermek] v to goggle, (of good to her mundan ýagşylyk çykmaz no good the eyes) be rolled about; protrude will come of it men saňa ýagşylyk isleýşrin I wish going gidiş 1 v going gidiş ugruma dermanhana you well barjak. I'll drop to chemistry by going. good_condition gülala-güllük [güla:la-güllük] going_on_for baryp adj going on for, as long ago adj in good order, in good condition Jaýyň içi as, as far back as Baý-bow, ol baryp haçanky gülala-güllük The house is in good order. bolan wakalar. My goodness, that happened a good_cook eli süýjülik (comp. of el) a good cook long time ago. Biziň mekdep aşpezimiziň eli süýji tagamly gold altyn 1 n gold comp. altyn ortalyk ; gyzyl n naharlary bişirýär. Our school cook prepares gold gyzyl känleri gold-fields, gold-mines gyzyl delicious meals. sagat gold watch gyzyl çaýylan gilded, gilt gyzyl good_deed sogap [soga:p] n good deed ýaly as good as gold Bu gyzyl ýaly ýigitdir. The good_for_nothing biderek 2 [bi:derek] adj good- lad is as good as gold. comp. gyzyl ýumruga for-nothing, useless biderek adam useless person girmek ; tylla [tylla:] n gold {literary}; zer n good_natured açyk ýüzli (comp. of açyk) good- gold {arch} comp. onyň elinden zer dökülýär natured golden altyn 2 adj golden comp. altyn ortalyk good_news buşluk 1 [bu:şluk] n message golden_oriole sykylyk 2 [sy:kylyk] n golden containing good news Buşlyk! Dursun ejäň ogly oriole gullukdan gelipdir. Myrat aganyň ogul agtygy good gowy adj good, well, fine Gowymy? Are you bolupdyr, buşlyk! well? gowrak better gowy okamak to study hard goodbye sag bol(yň)! 2 (comp. of sag1) comp. gowy görmek ; hoş 1 adj good, pleasant, Goodbye! nice hoş günler happy days wagtyňy hoş geçirmek goodness gowulyk 2 n goodness, kindness bu gracious merhemetli adj gracious, kind, gowlugyň üstünden on account of this kindness merciful, charitable ol gaty merhemetli adam he gowulyk etmek to do good gowulyk arzuw etmek is a very gracious man to wish someone well gradually dura-bara adv gradually, little by little, goods haryt [hary:t] cf: rezerw, ätiýaçlyk, slowly, in time, in due course Howa dura-bara çykalga, predmet, sapak, dersi, şaýlar, açylyşýar. The weather is gradually clearing.; zapas, zat. n merchandise, goods, commodity gitdigiçe adv gradually, more and more Ýel kömekçi harytharyt ätiýaç haryt stock haryt gitdigiçe güýjeýär. The wind is growing stronger çalşygy barter azyk harytlary food products and stronger.; kem-kem (comp. of kem) adv Magazine harytuçin gidýäler. They obtain their gradually Obanyň görki kem-kem gözelleşýär. The goods from the shop. image of village becomes gradually beautiful.; goose gaz1 [ga:z] n goose kem-kemden cf: kem. adv gradually, step by step, little by little Her gün ylgamagyň wagtyny gosh -le suffix gosh Bu it-le. It's a dog, isn't it!; kem-kemden artdyrmaly. Every day it needs to wäh interj gosh, I wonder! (expr. surprise) wäh, increase the time/duration of running little by bu senmi? little. gospel Injil n the gospel, the good news about graduate gutarmak 2 v to graduate (from) Jesus (Isa pygamber); the New Testament ýokary okuw jaýyny gutarmak to graduate from {religious} a higher educational establishment gossip aragezer [a:ragezer] n gossip; artykmaç grain däne 1 n ear (of e.g. wheat), grain, cereals gürrüň (comp. of artykmaç) gossip, bugdaý / arpa dänesi wheat; galla n grain galla unfounded talk; gybat etmek [gy:bat etmek] v önümleri grain products, cereal products galla gossip; gybatkeş [gy:batkeş] n a gossip, tohumy seed galla hasyly grain harvest somebody who gossips gram gram n gram govern dolandyrmak 2 v to regulate, rule, reign, govern, administer, manage Ol uly edarany grandchild agtyk n grandchild i.e. a dolandyrýar. He manages a big office. Prezident granddaughter or grandson uly döwleti dolandyrýar. The president rules a grandfather ata 1 n grandfather (paternal); large state. öz hojalygyňy dolandyrmak to take forefather comp. atalar sözi comp. atam care of your family Maşgala guraňsoň öz döwründen galan comp. atam öýi say. Atasyz hojalygyňy özüň dolandyrmaly. After you are oglan ýetim, enesiz oglan ýesir ; baba 1 [ba:ba] married you should take care of your family n grandfather Ejemiň kakasy meniň babam. My yourself. Hojalygam kiçijik döwlet, dogry mother's father is my maternal grandfather. dolandyrmasaň hojalyk dargaýar. Our family is {maternal} like a small state, if you do not rule it correctly, grandmother ene 1 n grandmother (paternal) it is destroyed. garry ene great grandmother ene baýtal government hökümet n government, mother/femail nier comp. ene dili comp. ene administration süýdi comp. ene toprak comp. eneden bolmak grace töwir grace [prayer said at end of meal]; comp. eneden dogma ; mama2 [ma:ma] n töwwir [töwwi:r] n grace, thanks Olar (maternal) grandmother töwwirden soň tutup gitdiler. After giving thanks grant stipendiýa cf: talyp haky. n grant, [for the food] they got up and left. comp. scholarship; talyp haky cf: stipendiýa. (comp. töwwir galdyrmak of talyp) grant, scholarship; stipend grape üzüm n grape gara üzüm black grapes üzüm great beýik 2 adj great Magtymguly beýik türkmen hoşasy a bunch of grapes üzüm ýygmak to pick şahyrydyr. Magtymguly is a great Turkmen grapes üzümiň suwy grape juice üzüm agaç vine poet. Köpetdagyň beýik gerşinde, tomus comp. üzümüň suwy ýaly aýlarynda hem gar ýatýar. Kopet dag's highest grapple garpyşmak v to grapple (with), come to peak has snow on it throughout the summer blows (with), skirmish Itler garpyşdylar. The months. Beýik ynam adamyň ruhuny galdyrýar. A dogs tusssled with each other. person's great faith raises his spirits.; garry 3 cf: köne. adj great garry ata great grandfather grasp ýapyşmak 1 cf: ýapmak. v to grasp, hold garry ene great grandmother on (to), grip, catch hold (of) ýüpe ýapyşmak to hold on the rope, hold the rope Great_Britain Beýik Britaniýa n Great Britain (sem. domains: 9.7.2.1 - Names of countries.) grass ot1 1 n grass, greenery haşal ot weed ot basmak to be overgrown with grass ot ýygmak great_grandchild çowluk n great grandchild to mow, cut the grass comp. ot-elek bolmak great_great_grandchild gowlyk n great great grassy otly1 adj grassy otly ýer pasture, grassy grandchild land otly halta sack full of grass great_light şamçyrag [şa:mçyra:g] n great light, grate gyrmak1 1 v to grate gyrgyç bilen gyrmak to heavenly light grate greed nebis n greediness, self-interest nebse gratitude minnetdarlyk [minnetda:rlyk] n çapmak to be greedy comp. nebsimiz agyrsa-da gratitude, thankfulness, gratefulness, comp. nebsimiz agyrsada comp. nebsiň satisfaction minnetdarlyk bildirmek to express agyrmak ; nebisjeňlik cf: nebsewürlik. n one's gratitude; to thank with all one's heart greed; nebsewürlik cf: nebisjeňlik. n greed nebsewürlik ýaramaz gylyk grave gabyr n grave Eý, Rebbim, gabyr azabyndan halas etmegiň üçin Saňa sygynýaryn. Oh Lord, I greediness açgözlük [a:çgözlük] n greediness trust you to save me from the grave's torment.; açgözlük gowy gylyk däl greediness is not good gör [gö:r] n grave, tomb görüňe alyp gitmek to character açgözlük bilen seretmek hungry eyes take someone to the grave with o.s. comp. greedy açgöz [a:çgöz] adj greedy; gysganç adj görden çykan ýaly ; gubur [gubu:r] n grave Bu miserly, greedy gubur uly adamyňky bolmaly. This grave should Greek grek 2 adj Greek grek aýaly Greek woman be big man’s. grek dili Greek, the Greek language (sem. gravel çagyl n gravel Öýüň eýesi howlusynda domains: 4.1.2 - Types of people.) çagyldan inçejik ýoda ýasapdyr. The house green ýaşyl [ýa:şyl] adj green ýaşyl reňk green owner made a narrow path from gravel in the colour backyard. Bize zerur bolan gurluşyk greet görüşmek 2 v to shake hands, greet; materiallardan diňe çagyl ýetmeýärdi. Of all the salamalaşmak [sala:malaşmak] v to say how building materials we required we only lacked do you do (to), greet, hail el bilen salamalaşmak gravel. to shake hands (with) graveyard mazarlyk [maza:rlyk] cf: greeting salamlaşma [sala:mlaşma] n greeting mazarystan. n graveyard, cemetry; mosque- grey çal2 1 [ça:l] adj grey {Brit} yard grief gaýgy 1 cf: gaýgy; alada. n grief, woe, graze otlamak2 v to graze, pasture Goýunlar otlap sorrow gaýgydan ýaňa of grief, with grief ýörler. The sheep are grazing. çuňňur gaýgy deep sorrow comp. gaýga batmak comp. özüňi gaýga basdyrmak ; ýük 6 n grief, sorrow, suffering comp. sözi ulaltmak ; uzalmak 2 v to grow, grieve gynanmak 1 v to be sorry, grieve become taller Begenç basketbola gatnap başlany gynansam-da unfortunately; otly köýnek bäri boýy uzalypdyr.; uzamak 2 v to grow

geýmek 2 (comp. of köýnek, otly3) to be sad, Agaçlaryň depesi asmana uzapdyr. Berdiň to grieve gullykda bolan wagty boýy uzapdyr. Pagta ekeniňden soň pagta meýdany agarsa uzan ýaly grind üwemek v to grind bugdaý üwemek to mill bolýar. comp. high income wheat et üwemek to grind meat comp. üwelen et grow_prettier gözelleşmek v to become more beautiful, grow prettier Biziň şäherimiz gün- groan nala çekmek (comp. of çekmek1) to günden gözelleşýär. Our town becomes more groan; zarlamak [za:rlamak] v to groan, moan, beautiful day by day. to sob, cry, weep grow_turbid bulanmak 1 v to become/grow groaning ahy-zar [a:hy-za:r] n groaning, turbid, dim Suwa margansowka damdyrsaň, mourning, cry, lament ýuwaş-ýuwaşdan suwyň reňki bulanyp ugraýar. ground ýer 1 n ground, earth ýerde on the comp. Ol eline pul düşenden bulanyp başlady. ground/floor comp. ýer almasy comp. ýer hoz grow_up ösmek 2 cf: ösdürmek. v to grow up comp. ýer tudana comp. ýerine comp. ýerine {children}; ulalmak 1 v to grow, grow up ýetirmek Gullugymy dynyp gelýançam oýmizde bar zat groundless esassyz [esa:ssyz] adj groundless, üýdkäpdir hatda meniň edip giden tut nahallanym baseless, unfounded esassyz maglumat basless ulalypdyr. Oglum bolanda eken gülüm, indi ulalyp information esassyz pikir ýöretme mainless bag ýaly boldy. thinking growth ösüş n growth, improvement Türkmen group topar 1 cf: komanda. n team, group; diliniň ösüşine näme böwet bolýar? What's toplum 1 cf: kompleks. n group preventing the Turkmen language from grovel ýaranmak 2 v to grovel, behave servilely growing? to; flatter grudge kine [ki:ne] n grudge, spite, rancour, grovelling ýaranjaňlyk n bootlicking, grovelling, unforgivingness, anger kine saklamak to bear a flattery ýaranjaňlyk etmek to behave servilely grudge against somebody comp. göwün-kine towards; lick someone's boots, grovel gruel semeni n gruel semeni bişirmek to cook grow gögermek 1 v to grow Otlar gögerip başlady. gruel Grass(es) began to grow. comp. ekilmedik guarantee garantirlemek cf: kepillendirmek. v ýerde gögermek ; örmek1 1 [ö:rmek] v to grow, to guarantee, warrant önümiň hilini appear (vegetation, hair, fur) Meýdana ot örüp garantirlemek to guarantee the quality of ugrapdyr. Grasses begin to grow in the field. product; kepil [kepi:l] n guarantee, warrant comp. bir öýden örmek ; ösdürmek 1 cf: kepil geçmek to warrant something, guarantee; ösmek. v to grow, cultivate gül ösdürmek to kepillendirmek [kepi:llendirmek] cf: grow flowers {agriculture}; ösmek 1 cf: garantirlemek. v to guarantee, warrant, ösdürmek. v to grow, grow up bile ösmek to certify; insure Gurluşyk guramalarynda işçileriň grow up together {agriculture}; ulaltmak 2 v janyny/saglygyny kepillendirmeýärler. The to grow, to raise Güllerimi ulaltmak üçin men soul/helath of workers is not insured at the mineral dökünlerini ýerine goşýan. Kiçi guzulary construction organisation.; zamun 1 [za:mu:n] tiz we sagdyn ulaltmak üçin ene süýdinden n guarantee, bond [guarantee, bond, the person doýyrmaly. Ýalňyz enä iki çagany ulaltmak kyn. granting bail by offering their life in exchange for the guilty person's life] guest_room myhman otagy [my:hma:n otagy] n guaranteed kepillik n the fact of having a guest room, spare room, living room, sitting guarantee; guaranteed Toyota maşynlary üç room, lounge [a guest room and a sitting room ýyllyk kepillik bilen satylýar. Toyota cars are sold are much the same thing in Turkmen culture] with a three year guarantee. guide ugurtapyjy adj guide, route-finder Serdar guard aýamak 3 v to guard Esgerler watanyny öz dostlarynyň arasynda ugurtapyjylygy bilen aýap saklaýarlar. The soldiers keep guard over tanalýardy. Ugurtapyjy belgi goýyşdyryp oglanlar our country. Ene çagasyny aýap saklaýar. A tokaýda öz oýunlaryna başladylar. Ýol gurlyşygy mother protects her own children. say. Nanyny başlanandan soň sürüjilere ugurtapyjy belgiler aýan aşa ýeter, donuny aýan ; başpena goýdylar. [başpena:] n guard; derwezeban guilt günä 3 n guilt comp. günä ýüklemek [derwezeba:n] n gate-keeper, guard {arch}; guiltless günäsiz adj guiltless, blameless, not garawullamak 1 v to guard, be on the watch guilty, sinless, innocent sklady garawullamak to guard the warehouse guilty ýazykly [ýa:zykly] adj guilty ýazykly ýaraglary garawullamak to guard the snaryades; bolmak to be guilty kimdir biriniň öňünde gorag 1 [go:rag] n guard, watch gorag astynda ýazykly bolmak to be guilty in the sight of under arrest, in custody goragda durmak to somebody guard gorag astyna almak to take into custody; guilty_one günäkär 1 n the guilty one, the one at goragçy [go:ragçy] n guard; defender, fault Sen günäkär It's your fault. günäkär bolmak protector; goramak [go:ramak] v to guard, to be guilty protect, defend; nurbat2 n guard, watch nurbat! guitar gitara [gi'tara] n guitar gitara çalmak to nurbat ber!; sakçy 1 n guard sakçy bolup işlemek play the guitar to work as a guard türme sakçysy warder; saklamak 3 v to guard öý saklamak to guard gulaby gülaby [güla:by] n gulaby (sort of melon) the house gullible ynanjaň adj gullible, credulous guardroom garawulhana [garawulha:na] n gum sakgyç n chewing gum, bubble gum sakgyç guardroom, look-out post, tower, lodge çeýnemek to chew gum guest myhman [my:hma:n] n guest, visitor gun top 3 n gun, artillery hormatly myhman guest of honour Biziň öýümize gutap gutap [guta:p] cf: somsa. n gutap [flat, myhman geldi. Guests came to our house. comp. semi-circular pasty made of dough then filled myhman almak comp. myhman bolmak ; toýçy and either fried or cooked in the oven] guest [at a fi: toý]

H h habit adat 2 [a:dat] n habit Ol ir turmagy adat haggle bahalaşmak v to haggle, to barter, to edinipdir. He has a habit of getting up early. negotiate a price Bazarda bahalaşyp keçe aldym. comp. adatdan daşary ; endik v habit gowy At the market I haggled and bought a felt mat. endik good habit ýaramaz endik bad habit Goňşyma ylalaşykly bahalaşyp sygyrymy satdym. comp. endik etmek I sold my cow to my neighbour at the agreed haft saplamak1 v to haft pili saplamak to haft a and haggled price. Firmanyň üsti bilen bahalaşyp spade, make a handle for a spade jaý satyn aldyk. We haggled with the firm's help and bought a house. the paper. Eliňi çek! Hands off! Erbet niýetiňden hail doly2 n hail, sleet; jöwenek n hail jöwenek sen el çek. Hands off from your bad intention. ýagýar. It is hailing. comp. ajala el bulamak comp. bir el oýnamak comp. bir elde bolmak comp. el barmak comp. hair gyl n hair inçe gyl thin hair comp. gylyň el barmazlyk id. el bermezlik comp. el boşlugy üstünde durmak ; saç1 [saç] n hair saç almak comp. el bulamak comp. el çekmek comp. el cut hair sen meniň saçymy alyp biljekmi? are you degirmek comp. el degmek comp. el galdyrmak able to cut my hair?; tüý n hair, fur comp. el gatmak comp. el gaýtarmak comp. el hairpin şpilka n hairpin, bobby pin gelmek comp. el götermek comp. el işleri comp. hairy tüýlek adj hairy, mossy el sermek comp. el urmak comp. el uzatmak Haj haj n Haj (Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca) comp. el üzmek comp. el ýaly comp. el {religious} ýuwmak comp. el ýüzünde goýmak comp. el- hajji hajy n hajji (also hadji, Hadji) - Muslim ele bermek comp. elde jan bermek comp. elden male who has completed the pilgrimage to bermek comp. elden geçirmek comp. elden Mecca. The title of same. {religious} gidirmek comp. elden sypdyrmak comp. elden- half ýarpy [ýa:rpy] n half ýarpy bahasy half price ele comp. elden-ele geçmek comp. ele almak1

ýarpy bahasyna almak to buy at half price; comp. ele almak2 comp. ele bakmak comp. ele

ýarty [ýa:rty] n half ýarty çörek half of the düşmek comp. ele düşürmek2 comp. ele ilmek bread; ýary [ýa:ry] n half ýary gije midnight comp. eli açyk comp. eli agyr comp. eli agzyna sagat onuň ýary It is half past nine ýarysyny ýetmek comp. eli arassa comp. eli boş gelmek bermek to give somebody half of something; comp. eli çykmak comp. eli galam tutmak ýarym [ýa:rym] n half Maňa ýarym kilo comp. eli galmazlyk comp. eli gana bulamak bersene. Please give me half a kilo. bir ýarym comp. eli gysgalyk comp. eli sowamak comp. kilo one and a half kilos Men saňa bir ýarym eli süýjülik comp. eli ýarag tutmak comp. eli sagat garaşdym. I waited for you for one and a ýukalyk comp. eline kakmak comp. eliň aýasy half hours. {indeclinable} comp. ýarym ada comp. eliňde baryny etmek comp. eliňden dur comp. ýarym ýalaňaç comp. ýarym ýaş bolmak dökülmek comp. eliňden gelenini etmek comp. hall zal 1 n hall, assembly hall okalga zaly eliňden gelmek comp. eliňi burnuňa sokmak reading-room mejlisler zaly conference hall comp. eliňi salgamak comp. eliňi sowuk suwa urmazlyk comp. iki elläp ýapyşmak comp. kişi haloxylon sazak [sa:zak] n haloxylon, saxaul el bilen ot gorsamak comp. öziňi ele almak (sem. domains: 1.5 - Plant.) comp. sag/çep el comp. ýeňsäňi el ýaly etmek ; halt duralga n halt, stop (e.g. for buses), landing penje 1 n hand comp. penjä düşmek comp. Onuň belli duralgasy ýok. There is no designated penjä salmak stop. comp. belli duralgasy ýok hand_in tabşyrmak 3 v to hand over, hand in (a hammer çekiç n hammer; uruşdyrmak 4 v to paper), return something, give something back, hammer in Tamda surat asmak üçin çüý urdym. check in goşy tabşyrmak to check in baggage hand el cf: egri. n hand el goşlary hand luggage hand_span garyş n hand span, span Uçara el goşlarymy ýanyma alyp mündüm. I take hand_to_hand elden-ele (comp. of el) hand-to- on the plane with my han luggage. el çarpmak hand Elden-ele ber diýen hatyňy elin gowşurdym. I to applaud, clap Ýeňijini el çarpyp goldadyk. We gave your letter which you asked be to give supported winner by applauding. el çekmek to hand in hand. back away, withdraw Gyzym kagyzyň ýüzüne elini goýup el çekdi. My daughter withdrew on handful goşawuç n handful goşawuç bilen suw hanger asgyç 1 n coat-hanger, coat-hook, coat- içmek to drink water from cupped hands rack geýim asgyç clothes hanger goşawuç bilen ölçemek to measure with cupped hangman jellat 1 [jella:t] n hangman, hands executioner handicapped paýsyk n physically handicapped happen ulaşmak 1 v to happen, provide with, handkerchief desmal cf: polotense. n towel, busy with; to become, to turn into Dagyň başy handkerchief; elýaglyk [elýa:glyk] n asmana ulaşýar. Biziň obamyz on ýyl myndan handkerchief ozal şahere ulaşdy, on mün adam sanymyz handle gulp 1 n handle çäýnegiň gulpy the handle ýigrimi bäş müň boldy. Kiçiräk niýetlän doglan

of a teapot; sap1 1 n handle, haft pil sapy the günüm uly toýa ulaşdy. comp. Toýuň toýa handle of a spade palta sapy the handle of an ulaşsyn! (arzuw, tost) ; zat bolmak (comp. of axe, axe-handle, axe helve comp. susagyň zat) to happen sapyny ele almak ; tutalga 1 cf: ruçka, happiness bagt n happiness, good fortune bagtly syýagalam, tutawaç. adv handle; tutawaç bolmak to be lucky Uzak hem bagtly durmuşda [tutawa:ç] cf: tutalga, ruçka, syýagalam. n ýaşap geçmek uly bagt. It is great fortune to live handle a long and happy life. Ekzameni ýokary handlebars rul 2 n handlebars welosipediň ruly bahalara tabşyrmak uly bagt. It is pure joy if you bicycle handlebars get a high grade in an exam.; guwanç 2 n happiness, joy guwanç bilen with joy hand-made el işleri (comp. of el) hand-made work El işini men ejemden öwrendim. I learnt happy bagtly adj happy, fortunate, blessed 'Ýaşy how to do hand-made work from my mother. uzyn, bagtly gyz bolsyn!' diýip, myhmanlar arzuw etdiler. 'May you have a long-living, happy handrail ýapyşalga n handrail, bannister daughter!' the guests wished. Myrat we Leýli handset trubka handset comp. telefon trubkasy durmuşyňyz bagtly bolsyn! May you, Murad and handwriting hat 2 n handwriting haty tanamak to Leyli, live a happy life! Çagasy bolan ene-atalar recognize someones handwriting comp. dil haty örän bagtly adamlar. Parents who have children comp. hat-pet gatnadýan are very blessed.; bagtyýar 1 [bagtyýa:r] adj hand-written ýazmaça adj hand-written ýazmaça happy, fortunate Türkmenistan döwletimiziň harplar hand-written letters adamlary bagtyýar. The people of the state of hang asmak v to hang up boýnuňdan monjuk Turkmenistan are fortunate. Ýurt parahatçylygy asmak to adorn one's neck with beads comp. adamlary bagtyýar edýär. The nation's peace dardan asmak comp. gulak as ; sallamak v to makes people happy.; razy 1 [ra:zy:] adj hang, drop kelläňi salla to hang one's head satisfied (with), pleased (with), happy (with) agaçdan salla to hang on the tree ýüz sallamak razy bolmak to be satisfied (with) Men senden to drop one's face, to look dissatisfied sallap razy I am satisfied with you. Men muňa razy öldürmek hang oneself comp. aýagyňy sallap däl. I'm not happy with that. comp. Razy bol! ; gitmek ; sallanmak 2 cf: sallanjyramak. v to şadyýan [şa:dyýan] adj happy, merry hang agaçdan sallanmak to hang on the tree happy_medium altyn ortalyk (comp. of altyn) hang_around daşynda kebelek bolmak (comp. happy medium, golden mean of kebelek) to hang round, to try to get round hard agyr 3 adj hard Dost agyr günde tanalýar. A hang_out sermek v to hang out (clothes), put out, friend is for hard times. Urşuň agyr howpy lay out, spread out abanýar. Hard times of war threaten us.; pajygaly [pa:jygaly] adj hard, difficult; sad, painful, tragic pajygaly ýagdaý difficult situation ordinated work, rhythmical work pajygaly günler hard days; ýowuz 3 adj hard, harmoniously agzybirlikli adv harmoniously harsh, difficult urşuň ýowuz ýyllary difficult harp arfa ['arfa] n harp (sem. domains: 4.2.3 - years of war ýowuz günler hard days {time} Music.) hard_currency walýuta [wal'ýuta] n hard harrow mala [ma:la] n harrow mala basmak to currency altyn walýuta gold currency harrow harden bekemek 1 cf: berkemek. v to harden, harvest getirmek 2 v to harvest, bring in a become hard, get firmly established zähmete harvest, yield Bu ýyl üzümimiz ýagşy getirdi. This bekän adam a man used to hard work; doňmak year yielded a good crop of grapes. comp. sary 2 v to harden, set Ýag doňupdyr. The oil has getirmek comp. tasa getirmek comp. ýola set.; gatamak v to harden, solidify, get stale getirmek ; hasyl [ha:syl] n harvest, yield, crop gatap galmak to harden, get stale Çörek gatady. oňat hasyl ýygnamak to gather in a good harvest The loaf of bread became stale. comp. sowuga hasyl bermek to bear fruit comp. hasyl bolmak ; gatamak comp. suwsuz gatamak orum n mowing, harvest hardness ýowuzlyk n hardness, severity, harvester ýygymçy 1 n harvester sternness hashish meň2 n hashish meň 08 hard-working zähmetkeş 2 adj hard-working hat silkmetelpek n shaggy wool hat for men; hardy dözümli 1 adj staunch, hardy, steadfast telpek n (Turkmen) sheepskin hat Mert bolup kynçylyklara dözümli bolmaly. You hate ýigrenmek v to hate, be disgusted by, loathe must be steadfast and firm in the face of gorkaklygy üçin ýigrenmek to be disgusted by difficulties. someone's cowardice ýaranjaňlygy ýigrenmek to harem haremhana [haremha:na] n harem loathe grovelling harm hyýanat [hyýa:nat] n harm, malice, injury, haughtily tekepbir 2 [tekepbi:r] adv haughty, evil hyýanat etmek to do harm; zelel cf: zyýan, haughtily, proud, proudly, arrogant, arrogantly zeper. n harm zeleli ýok It doesn't matter!, have bar 1 [ba:r] modal v to have Dukanda diýen Never mind!, Don't worry!; zeper cf: zyýan, harydyň bar. The shop has anything you could zelel. harm; zyýan 1 [zyýa:n] cf: zelel, zeper. possibly want. comp. Arma(ň)! Bar bol(uň)! n harm, damage, injury Bu derman size zyýan comp. bar bolmak comp. bary-ýogy etmez. This medicine will not damage your have_brought aldyrmak 1 v to have something health. zyýan bolmak to be harmful/injurious bought Kakama kitap aldyrdym. I got them to {health} comp. zyýan çekmek comp. Zyýany buy a book for my father. comp. aldyrany bar ýok. ; zyýan ýetirmek v to harm Näme üçin ýaly patyşa zyýan ýetirjek beýrançylyk köpelsin? Why should the king be further harmed? have_craving aş saýlamak (comp. of aş) to have a craving [during the first trimester of harmful zyýanly 1 [zyýa:nly] adj harmful, pregnancy] damaging Çilim çekmek zyýanlydyr. Smoking is harmful. have_met garşylatmak v to have someone met, to organise for someone to be met harmless zyýansyz 1 [zyýa:nsyz] adj harmless zyýansyz serişde harmless substance have_period aýallara mahsus ýagdaýda (comp. of mahsus) having her period harmonious sazlaşykly [sa:zlaşykly] adj harmonious, (well) co-ordinated, (well) have_removed aýyrtmak v to have something organized, rhythmic(al) sazlaşykly iş well co- removed çagany aýyrtmak to have an abortion have_sex ýanaşmak 3 [ýa:naşmak] v to have sex head_of_Turkmen Türkmenbaşy cf: ýanwar. n Agyz beklenýän gijeler size aýallaryňyza head of the Turkmen halk, watan, Türkmenbaşy! yanaşmak ygtyýar edilýär. During the nights of people, home country, head of the the fasting it is permitted for you to have sex with Turkmen! your wife. head_piece gupba n silver head-piece [dome-like have_someone_invited çagyrtmak [ça:gyrtmak] silver ornament sewed to the girl's skull cap] v to get someone to invite somebody Myrady headache kellagyry [kella:gyry] n headache çagyrtdym. I got someone to invite Murad. kellagyry dermany medicine used for the myhman çagyrtmak gurultaý, mejlis çagyrtmak treatment of headache Men her gün wagtynda have_something_fixed bejertmek 1 v to have gök çaý içmesem, kelle agyrym tutýar. If I do not something fixed, to have something repaired have green tea in time every day, I have Men düýn maşynymy bejertdim. I got my car headache. fixed yesterday. headscarf pereji n type of women's headscarf have_tea_with çaýlaşmak [ça:ýlaşmak] v to have {dial Teke Ahal}; ýaşmak1 n headscarf [either tea with someone, indulge in tea-drinking describes the whole headscarf (which is large), have_temperature gyzdyrmak 3 v to have a or the piece held in the corner of a married temperature Ol gyzdyrýar. S/he has a woman's mouth] temperature. heal bejermek 3 v to treat someone, to heal Ol having_a_subject eýeli 2 adj having a subject meniň oglumy keselden bejerýär. He is treating eýeli sözlem sentence with a subject {grammar} my son's illness.; gutulmak 2 v to heal, close up, skin over Ýara gutuldy. The wound healed having_blood ganly 1 [ga:nly] adj having_blood up.; sagaltmak cf: sagalmak. v to heal, make az ganly anaemic comp. gyzgyn ganly comp. someone healthy, bring someone into a healthy sowuk ganly state having_care idegli 1 [i:degli] adj having health hal-ýagdaý 1 [ha:l-ýagdaý] cf: hal- care/supervision idegli bolmak to be under ahwal. n health hal-ýagdaýyňyz nähili? How are smb's care/supervision

you?; hal1 2 [ha:l] n health, condition halyny having_child çagaly [ça:galy] adj having a child, soramak to ask about someone's health halyny having children Adatça obada köp çagaly bilmek to know the condition bäbegi oňat halda maşgala şäherdäkiden köpräk bolýar. There are saklamak to keep a baby in good condition; usually larger families in villages than in urban sagatlyk3 n health; sagdynlyk cf: sagatlyk2. areas. adj health; saglyk 2 n health comp. saglyk having_weight agramly adj with a weight (of) sygyr ; saglyk-amanlyk [saglyk-ama:nlyk] cf: head kelle 1 n head meniň kelläm agyrýar I have a saglyk; amanlyk. adv health sag-amanlyk headache; müdir [müdi:r] n head, manager, soramak to ask about health director kafedra müdiri head of department healthy etli-ganly [edli-ga:nly] (comp. of etli) okuw müdiri director of studies; ser n head adj healthy, strong, full-blooded etli bolmak to comp. kalbyňa ser salmak ; sümmül n head (of be healthy; gurgun adj healthy, well e.g. wheat) {agricultural} Gurgunmy? Are you healthy?; sag1 adj healthy head_for ýüzlenmek 3 v to head for, head off in janyňyz sagmy? how are you?, how is your the direction of oba tarap ýüzlenmek to head off health? Sag-aman geldiňmi? Is everything in the direction of the village alright? siziň janyňyzyň sag bolmagyny your whole being becoming strong comp. sag bol aýtmak comp. sag bol(yň)! ; sagat3 adj healthy, ýygýarlar. They pick cotton in the burning strong, robust, sound sagat beden strong body heat.; ýylylyk 3 n heat ýylylyk birligi calorie,

sagat bolmak to be healthy; sagdyn cf: sagat2. thermal unit {physics} n healthy; sensible sagdyn pikir common sense; heat_up gyzdyrmak 1 v to heat up, warm up suw salamat [sala:mat] adv healthy, whole salamat gyzdyrmak to warm up water çym-gyzyl boluň! be healthy!; şypaly adv healthy, bolýança gyzdyrmak to make red-hot çym-ak beneficial bolýança gyzdyrmak to make white-hot; hear eşitmek 1 v to hear Ol meniň sesimi eşitdi. He gyzmak 3 v to be in full swing, to hot up Iş heard my voice. Biz şeýle boljagyny eşitdik. we gyzdy. Things at work are hotting up. heard it will be like thi Men başga bir zat heating ýyladyş n heating jaýyň ýyladyşyny eşitdim. I heard another thing. öçüriň turn off the heating of house heart dil2 n heart, soul; kalp n heart, soul, inner heaven behişt [behi:şt] n heaven, paradise Ýatan being, spirit kalby päk frank, candid, sincere ýeri ýagty bolsun, jaýy behiştiň törinden bolsun. kalby päklik frankness, candour, sincerity Biziň May your resting place be light, may you be in Prezidentimiz "Ynsan kalbynyň öçmejek nury" atly heaven's most honoured place. täze kitap ýazdy. Our President wrote a new heavenly asmany adj heavenly book called, "The unquenchable light in the heavy agyr 1 adj heavy agyr ýük a heavy load human heart".; köňül n heart, soul köňül agyr jerime heavy fine (monetary); saldamly 1 bermek to give one's heart (to); ýürek 1 n heart adj heavy, weighty saldamly halta heavy bag ýürek keseli heart disease ýürek agyry chest saldamly ýük heavy load pains Meniň ýüregim agyrýar. I have a bad heart. Hebrew ýewreý 3 adj Hebrew ýewreýçe in ýürek urmasy palpitations; (med) tachycardia Hebrew (sem. domains: 3.5.3 - Language.) {anatomy} comp. açyk ýürek comp. ak ýürek {language} comp. arslan ýürek comp. düň (daş) ýürek comp. ýürege düşmek comp. ýürege düwmek heel ökje n heel köwşüň ökjesi shoe heel jorabyň comp. ýürege jüňk bolmak comp. ýüregi atyň ökjesi heel of a sock comp. ökje götermek kellesi ýaly comp. ýüregi bire baglamak comp. comp. ökjesine düşmek comp. ökjäň ýeňlemek

ýüregi ýuka comp. ýüregini çişirmek comp. heigh heý2 interj hey; oh ýüregini ýarmak comp. ýüregiň agzyňa gelmek height belentlik n height, altitude dag comp. ýüregiň bulanmak comp. ýüregiň belentlikleri mountain heights Şäher belentlikde gysmak comp. ýüregiň müňküldemek comp. ýerleşýär. The city is situated high in the ýüregiň ýerine gelmek comp. ýürek awamak mountains.; beýiklik n height, altitude deňiz comp. ýürek bermek comp. ýürek daş derejesinden beýiklik the altitude, the height baglamak above sea-level; boý 1 n height Gyzymyň boýy heartbeat urgy 2 n heartbeat Hassaň ýanynda gysgalygy üçin atletika berdim. Klasdaşymyň boýy duran apparatyň manitorynda ýuregiň urgysy çaksyz uzyn bolanlygy sebäpli ýaman utanýardy. görkezýardi. Koordiolog hassaň puls urgusyny oli Täze salyp başlan jaýymyzyň boýy eýäm bir bilen diňledi. duşmanyň urgusyna döz gelmek ýarym metre barypdyr. Inli matanyň boýy iki metr hearted ýürekli 2 adv hearted gara ýürekli evil- bolsa bir köýnek çykýar. comp. ömür boýy hearted comp. ýyl boýy heat gyzdyrmak 2 v to heat otagy gyzdyrmak to heinous_sin külli günä (comp. of külli) heinous heat the room; howur n heat; jöwza [jöwza:] n sin Türkmen halkynda watana dönüklik etmek sultriness, heat Olar jöwzaly yssyda pagta külli günä hasaplanýar. Amongst the Turkmen betraying your country is considered to be a help arkalaşmak v to help each other, support heinous sin. each other, assist, render; el uzatmak (comp. heir mirasdar [mi:ra:sda:r] cf: mirasdüşer. n of el) to help, support Meniň kyn günümde heir; legatee; successor mirasdar şazada; meniň dostum el uzatdy. My friend helped me on mirasdüşer [mi:ra:sdüşer] cf: mirasdar. n my day of need.; gazyşmak v to (help heir, one who inherits mirasdüşer çagalar someone) dig joýa gazyşmak to help someone children who will inherit dig a vegetable patch; gollanma 1 n aid, text book, "help", handbook; goltgy n help, support Hell dowzah n Hell O dünýäde günäsizler jennete, goltgy tapmak to find support (from); haýyr 2 n günä edenler dowzaha bararmyş. Righteous help, support, aid haýyr tapmak to be helpful, people go to Paradise, those who sin go to Hell be profitable comp. agzyňy haýyr açmak ; in the other world. dowzah ody fire of Hell kömek n help, assistance, aid kömegi bilen with Dowzah odynda ýanmajak bolsaň şeýtanyň ýoly the help of kömek bermek (etmek) to help, to bilen ýöreme. If you do not want to burn in the assist, to render aid/assistance kömege gelmek to fires of Hell, do not walk in the ways of Satan. come to the aid kömege çagyrmak to call for dowzah azaby suffering of Hell Ýaman adam help kömek ediň! help! ilkinji kömek first aid dowzah odynda ýanarmyş. It is said that a bad comp. tiz kömek maşyny ; kömekleşmek v to person burns in the fires of Hell. Meni bu help, to render aid/assistance ol köp pul dowzahdan gutar! Please God, save me from gazanmaga kömek edipdi. he has helped to raise Hell! Meniň çekip ýören jebirlerim duran bir a lot of money.; medet adj help, assistance, aid, dowzahdyr. The sufferings I go through are hell. support medet bermek to help, render assistance Ýerdäki dowzah-türmedir. Prison is a hell on alla medet bersin! may God help you!; ýardam earth.; jähennem 1 n Hell jähenneme git! Go to [ýa:rdam] n help, support, assistance ýardam Hell! {religious} comp. janyny jähenneme etmek to help, support ýardam bermek to give ibermek help, provide support hello aleýkimessalam [a:leýkimessa:lam] interj help_distribute paýlaşmak 2 [pa:ýlaşmak] cf: How do you do? Hello. [reply to paýlamak. v to help somebody to distribute, essalawmaleýkim]; allo interj hello help somebody to dispense; help somebody to {telephone}; essalawmaleýkim divide gazýetleri paýlaşmak to help somebody to [essalawma:leýkim] cf: waleýkimessalam. n distribute the newspapers How do you do? Hello. [The younger man initiates the greeting by saying this. The reply helper hemaýatçy [hema:ýatçy] n assistant, is aleýkimessalam.]; salam [sala:m] interj supporter, helper, protector, patron; kömekçi 1 hello salam diýmek to greet someone; n helper, assistant direktoryň kömekçisi assistant salawmaleýkim [salawma:leýkim] interj How director direktoryň kömekçisi dokumentleri do you do? Hello.; waleýkimessalam jemledi assistant director collected the [wa:leýkimessala:m] cf: essalawmaleýkim. n documents comp. baglaýjy kömekçi comp. How do you do? [The older man replies saying kömekçi sözler this.] helpful bap 2 [ba:p] n helpful Seniň özüňi alyp helm rul 4 n helm, tiller gäminiň ruly ship's helm barşyň meniň göwnüme bap däl. Your behaviour is not helpful for my heart. helmet kaska n helmet Meniň kakam motory

kaska geýmän sürýär. My father rides a hem çet1 2 n edge, hem ýaglygyň çeti the hem of a motorbike without a helmet.; şlýom n helmet headscarf hemp kendir n hemp, flax kendir ýüp a rope made hero gahryman [gahryma:n] n hero Watanyň of hemp Öňki döwürde kendirden dokalan mata gahrymany. A national hero. Gökdepe gahryman gymmat hasaplanypdyr. In ancient time flax gala. Goekdepe is a hero town. çeper eseriň material was considered expensive. (sem. gahrymany fictional hero domains: 1.5 - Plant.) heroism gahrymançylyk [gahryma:nçylyk] n hen_house ketek 1 n hen-house, hen-coop heroism gahrymançylyk görkezmek to henceforth indi 2 adj in the future, from this show/display heroism time onwards, henceforth indi beýle etme! Don't hesitate ýaýdanmak v to hesitate, be undecided, act like this in future! be indecisive jogap bermän ýaýdanyp durmak to henna hyna [hy:na] n henna be slow in answering ýaýdanman aýtmak to tell something without losing a moment, tell herald jarçy n messenger, town crier, herald something at once Jarçy Atabaýyň toýuny dumly-duşa jar etdi. The herald announced Atabay's wedding hidden gürüm-jürüm adv hidden gürüm-jürüm everywhere. bolmak to vanish, disappear, be missing, be lost Nirä gürüm-jürüm bolduň? Where have you herb ot1 2 n herb nahara ot atmak to garnish with disappeared/vanished to? gürüm-jürüm etmek to herbs comp. ot-elek bolmak hide, put, do (with) herbalist tebip [tebi:p] n herbalist, traditional hide bukmak v to hide, conceal Çagalaň (folk) doctor howpsyzlygy üçin derman därileri hökman el herdsmen maldar [ma:lda:r] n cattle-breeder, ýetmez ýerde bukup goýmaly. Gyzymyň dogulan herdsman gününe öňinden alyp goýan sowgadyny bukup here bärde post here; bäri 2 post here bäri gel goýdym. Bukup goýlan süýjini tapdym.; come here please comp. bäri bakmak ; bärik bukulmak v to hide, conceal oneself birinden [bäri:k] adv here Bärik gel! Come here! Bärik bukul; burmak 3 v to hide behind your back girmek üçin ýörite rugsat gerek. In order to come Jenaýatçyny tussag edenlerinden soň elini in here you need special permission. [motion arkasyna burdular. Mugallym sapak geçende iki towards]; bu taýda [bu ta:ýda] adv here, in elini arkasyna burup aňaryk bärik ýöreýär.; this area Bu taýda gyzgyn çäýnegi goýsaň stolyň gizlemek 1 v to hide, conceal (something) üsti ýanar. Ýolyň bu taýsynda durmak gadagan. kitaby gizlemek to hide a book; gizlenmek v to Bu taýda ösip oturan agajy bir gör nähili owadan.; cover oneself, hide; ýaşynmak 2 v to hide, bu ýerde adv here Bu ýerde ekilen kelem gowy conceal Ol şkafda ýaşyndy. He hid in the hasyl bermeýär. Öň bu ýerde dermanhana cupboard. derruw ýaşynmak to conceal one's ýerleşýärdi. Bu ýerde nämäň gurluşygy gidýär?; mouth with one's scarf (women); ýaşyrmak v butaýda adv here (showing location) Butaýda to hide, conceal aýbyňy ýaşyrmak to conceal duran güli başga ýere göçirmeli. Butaýda çep one's shortcomings; ýygnamak 3 v hide; to tarapa öwürmeli diýen bellik bar.; hanha - here it hide, conceal, put away is, here hanha ol gelýär. Here he is.; me interj hide_shame aýybyňy yaşyrmak (comp. of aýyp) here; here you are; here, take it me, saňa kitap to hide one's shame to cover up one's mistakes ; here, a book for you comp. me saňa, gerek to pretend it's not your fault bolsa! ; ynha [ynha:] interj here! this! ynha hidjra hijri n hidjra (Muslim lunar calendar) hijri meniň ýaşaýan ýerim. This is the place where I ýyl hasaby muslim chronology [the beginning of live. muslim chronology] here_you_are ine 1 interj here you are high beýik 1 adj high, tall dagyň beýik gerşi a gürläp bilmedi. Because of fear he could not

mountains highest peak; dar 3 [da:r] adj high speak for a long time.; syzdyrmak1 v to hint dar ses a high pitched voice; ýokary 2 adj high ýürekden syzdyrmak to say something with all ýokary hili high quality one's heart; tymsal 1 [tymsa:l] n hint; highest al1 [a:l] highest, very high, the height ýaňzytmak v to hint (at), allude (to), let Gün al-asmana çykdy. The sun rose to its (someone) know highest point. hip uýluk n hip {anatomy} comp. uýluk süňki highlands daglyk 1 [da:glyk] n highlands Nepal hire hakyna tutmak v to hire, to rent hakyna giden daglyk. The highlands approaching Nepal. tutma iş hired labour hakyna tutma işçi hired highly iňňän adv very, highly, extremely, greatly worker, wage earner hakyna tutma ganhor hired iňňän gyzykly kitap very interesting book iňňän assassin maşyny hakyna tutmak to rent the car ähmiýetli extremely important hired_hand günlükçi n hired hand, day-labourer high-ranking wezipeli [wezi:peli] adj having a günlükçi bolup işlemek to work as day-labourer job/post ýokary wezipeli high-ranking, holding a günlükçi aýal charwoman, woman hired by the high post day [workman hired by the day] hill depe 1 n hill, knoll, rise, hillock, peak, historian taryhçy n historian mound beýik depe high hill Biz dagyň depesine historical taryhy [ta:ry:y] adj historical çykdyk. We went up to the top of the mountain. history taryh [ta:ry:h] n history Biziň depämizde guşlar gaýmalaşýar. The birds hit çalynmak v to hit, knock; el galdyrmak are flying over our heads. depesi göge ýetmek the (comp. of el) to raise one's hand, to hit/strike head reaches the sky. Lit. to be very happy Saýlaw geçirmek üçin el galdyralaň. For to depesinden sowuk suw guýlan ýaly bolmak to hear conduct elections let's raise our hands. Tertipli unexpected bad news depäňden gum sowurmak bol, kişä el galdyrmak utanç bolar. Be to work hard; tümmek hill, mound; ýapy1 n disciplined! It is shame to raise one's hand hill ýapa çykmak to go up the hill, ascend the against someone. ; urmak 1 v to hit, beat, flog, hill thump Çemen Kuwwaty urardy, ol aglar hill_country baýyrlyk n hills, hilly area, hill oturardy. When Shemen hit Kuwat, he used to country Her ýyl etrabyň çetindäki baýyrlykda cry. ýumruk bilen urmak to thump (something hasyl toý edilýär. Each year a harvest festival is or someone) Goňşymyň bet iti üçtüme topylansoň celebrated on the edge of the region in the hill taýak bilen urdum. Ýumruklap urmajak bolup, country. Ýagyşdan soň baýyrlyk tarapdan dulugna bir şarpyk çaldy. comp. agyz urmak älemgoşar görindi. After rain in the hill country (dişlemek) comp. azm urmak comp. hars urmak you could see lots of poppies. comp. Hudaý ursun! (şert etmek) comp. kök hills ulgam-ulgam (comp. of ulgam) hilly ulgam urmak comp. nyşanadan urdy comp. özüňi oda baýyrlar hills urmak (özüňi kyn ýagdaýa salmak) comp. reňk himself öz-özi himself, herself, itself urmak comp. sowuk urmak comp. urup açmak comp. urup aglamak (özüň ýamanlyk edip,ýene hindrance päsgel 1 n hindrance, obstacle päsgel özüňi ejiz görkezmek) comp. ýama urmak bermek to hinder (from), prevent (from) (ýamamak) söwdada päsgel bermek to hamper trade hoarse garyşyk 2 [ga:ryşyk] adj hoarse, husky hinge petle n hinge Onuň sesi garyşyk çykýar. He speaks hoarsely. hint dil tutulmak (comp. of dil1) v to keep silent, (i.e from a sore throat) to hint Gorkudan ýaňa dili tutulup,esli wagtlap hold saklamak 1 v to hold, keep eliňde saklamak dogruçyl 1 adj honest, straightforward to hold in the hand; saklamak 5 v to hold, dogruçyl adam an honest person Dogruçyl adam keep birinjiligi saklamak to hold the first place diňe hakykaty aýdar. An honest person only tertibi saklamak to keep to the order berhiz speaks the truth. Dogruçyl garaýyş saklamak to keep to a diet goşun saklamak to garany,agy,ýagşyny,ýamany saýgarar. An honest maintain an army opinion discriminates between white and black, hold_council geňeşmek 1 v to hold council between good and bad.; dogry 2 adj truthful, Özara şertleri biz öň geňeşdik. We hold council honest, righteous, upright dogry adam upright the conditions between us beforehand. man dogry iş honest toil dogry tapmak to find righteous Dogry adamyň iň halamaýan hole deşik 1 n hole, opening, slit, pore, puncture gylyklaryň birisi ýalan sözdir. One of the things comp. ýeke deşik ; köwek hole Meniň dişimde most disliked by an honest person is a lie. köwek bar. There is a hole in my tooth. olar Kasym ogurlykda görünmez, eli dogry hem akylly dagy gazyp, özlerine köwek edindiler. they made oglan. Kasym would never steal, he is an honest themselves a hole in mountain after digging it. and clever boy. comp. dogryňdan gel comp. to holiness mukaddeslik n holiness, sacredness; meet ; eli arassa (comp. of el) honest Nurmyrat sanctity Watanyň garaşsyzlygyny goramak ogurlyk edendir öýdämok,onuň eli arassa. I do not mukaddeslik hasaplanýar. think Nurmyrat robbed anyone, he is an honest hollow oýuk [o:ýuk] adj hollow, cut, dug out man.; halal 2 [hala:l] adj honest, oýuk agaç hollow tree conscientious, honourable halal adam honest holy mukaddes 1 adj holy, sacred mukaddes borç person halal gazanç honest earnings Halalyň sacred duty Mukaddes Kitap Holy Bible bolsun! Well done!; imanly [i:ma:nly] adj Mukaddes Kitap Mukaddes ýer honest imanly adam honest person; jür adj neat, home ketek 2 n home ketekli-ketegiňe dargamak to accurate, conscientious, honest, responsible go home {colloq}; mekan 2 [meka:n] cf: Meniň daýym işine jür adam. My uncle is a mesgen. n place of residence, home, abode conscientious worker. mekan tutmak to settle down comp. belli bir honestness päklik [päklik] n honestness, mekany ýok ; mesgen cf: mekan. n habitation, truthfulness home mesgen tutmak to settle down, begin to honesty düzlük2 n honesty, moral purity live (in some place) honey bal1 1 [bal] n honey comp. bal ýaly home_lover öýdeçi n a home lover, someone who honour ar-namys [a:r-na:mys] n honour, dignity, likes to be at home Ýakup yuwaş hem öýdeçi conscience; hezzetlemek v to do honour (to), adam bolup ýetişdi. Jacob grew up as a quiet offer hospitality, to show respect, to make a man who liked to be at home. feast myhmany hezzetlemek to show hospitality homeland dyýar 1 n fatherland, motherland, to a guest; namys 1 [na:mys] n honour, homeland; watan 1 n home country, integrity Namys ynsanyň bezegidir. Honour is fatherland, motherland meniň watanym watana humankind's decoration. namysyňy ýaşlykdan bolan söýgi goramaly Your honour should be built up from homeless biwatan [bi:watan] n homeless, your youth. watanyň namysyny goramak to without a country; ýurtsyz [ýu:rtsyz] adj protect the honour of your country comp. homeless namysyna degmek comp. namysyny honest ak göwünli 2 (comp. of ak, göwünli) depgilemek ; sylag 1 [sy:lag] n honour, respect, honest; ak ýürek (comp. of ýürek) honest; esteem sylag almak to be awarded, to gain an award; sylag-hormat n honour and respect gylýalçy [gylýa:lçy] n horse-breeder; ýaby n honourable namysjaň [na:mysjaň] adj horse; ýylky n horse ýylky sürüsi herd of horses honourable; namysly [na:mysly] adj horse_breeding atçylyk n horse-breeding atçylyk honourable namysly adam a man of honour ferma stud farm hoof toýnak n hoof horse-cloth jul 1 n horse-cloth comp. juldan hook çeňňek 1 n fishing-hook, hook çeňňek bilen çykmak

balyk tutmak çeňňek taşlamak cast the line, put horseman atly1 1 [atly] n horseman atly adam the line out; gaňrak n hook gaňrakdan asmak to horse rider; atşynas [atşyna:s] n horseman, hang something up on a hook gaňraga dönmek jockey to get thin; tirkemek v to hook on, couple, hospitable myhmansöýer [my:hma:nsöýer] adj hitch hospitable, welcoming myhmansöýer adam hook_eye ildirgiç hook and eye hospitable person myhmansöýer maşgala hope tama [tama:] adv hope, desire; umyt hospital keselhana [keselha:na] n hospital [umy:t] n hope comp. umydyňy üzmek comp. keselhana gitmek to go to hospital keselhanada umyt baglamak comp. umyt baglamak (bir zada ýatmak to be in hospital keselhanadan çykmak ynam bilen garaşmak) comp. umyt etmek to be discharged from hospital; syrkawhana comp. umytdan gaçmak ; ynanmak 3 cf: [syrkawha:na] hospital ynandyrmak. v to hope (for), rely (on) Men hospitality myhmansöýerlik [my:hma:nsöýerlik] sen gelersiň diýip ynandym. I hoped for your n hospitality coming. host eýe 2 n host (of a party) öý eýesi host(ess) hopeless alaçsyz 2 [ala:çsyz] adj hopeless, ýurduň eýesi the host of the country. comp. eýe desperate Men berhizi alaçsyz tutýaryn. I have to bolmak ; öý eýesi 1 n host, the person inviting keep to my diet.; çykgynsyz adj hopeless, {guests} desperate Ol çykgynsyz ýagdaýa düşdi. He could hostage ýesir 2 [ýesi:r] n hostage see no way out. hostel ýatakhana 1 [ýatakha:na] n hostel, hopelessness alaçsyzlyk [ala:çsyzlyk] n dormitory ýatakhanada ýaşamak to live in a hopelessness, desperation; umytsyzlyk hostel [umy:tsyzlyk] n hopelessness Gozel durmuşda hot gyzgyn 2 adj hot; yssy adj hot yssy howa hot kelebiň ujyny ýitirip umytsyzlyk bilen ýaşaýardy. weather yssy tomus hot summer Bu gün gaty horizon gözýetim 1 n horizon görünýän gözýetim yssy It is very hot today. comp. göze yssy visible horizon görünmek horizontal kese 1 adj horizontal kese çyzyk a hotel myhmanhana 1 [my:hma:nha:na] cf: ot- horizontal line kese çyzyk dash {grammar} çöp. n hotel, inn myhmanhanada ýerleşmek to comp. ýüzüňi kese sowmak obtain a room in a hotel; otel hotel horn şah n horn hot-tempered gaharjaň adj hot-tempered, angry horse at2 [at] n horse at çapmak to race a horse hour's sagatlyk1 [sa:gatlyk] adv an hour's worth (fig. and lit.) at ýatak horse stable, stall at ýedi sagatlyk seven hours sekiz sagatlykiş gün göçümi a turn (in chess) at güýji horse power at eight hours working day ýüzli horse-shaped face (oval, long face) comp. house öý 1 n house; dwelling öýde at home öý işi atyň gulagy ýaly ; bedew 1 n steed, horse homework, housework öý eýesi host(ess) gara Ahalteke bedewleri saýyrdyň bolýar. Ahalteke öý yurt meniň öýüm home, my house arynyň öýi horses stand out as something special.; beehive öý haýwanlary domestic animals öň guşlary poultry [bamboo-framed and felt- alanyndan soň Türkmenistan Kanunlaryna covered Turkmen dome-shaped collapsible ullakan üýtgeşmeler girizildi. Türkmenistan dwelling] comp. ölümiň öýünde comp. öý Bitaraplygyny alany bäri ullakan özgerişlikleri tutmak comp. öýüni ýykmak ; palata 3 n geçirdi. Nartäç daýzaň ogly Mekanam ullakan House, Chamber Söwda palatasy Chamber of oglan bolypdyr. Sirinem okuwa ukyply bolup indi Commerce Obşinalar palatasy House of ullakan alym boldy. ullakan özgerişlik ullakan Commons Lordlar palatasy House of Lords tapawut ullakan alym Biziň öňümizde ullakan {political}; tam [ta:m] n house pagsa tam mud- sorag keserip durýar.; ummasyz 2 [umma:syz] brick house comp. Çüş! Tamda gulak bar. adj huge Karl Marks adyndaky kitaphanada how neneň Pronoun how Onuň naly neneň? How ummasyz kitaplar ýerleşýar. Bal arylaryň bir is she? neneňsi ýagdaý; nädip 2 adv how; nähili maşgalasynda ummasyz arylar bar. Şäheri 1 Pronoun how? Nähili-ow? How are you doing? özgerdip beýik binalar galdyrmak üçin ummasyz Ýagdaýlaryň nähili? How are things?; niçik pul harçlanýar. how, in this way her niçik nonetheless, in any humane ynsanlyk 2 [ynsa:nlyk] cf: case Ýagdaýyň niçik? ynsanperwerlik. n humane; ynsanperwer how_many näçe Pronoun how much, how many [ynsa:nperwer] adj humane, benevolent, Ýygnaga näçe adam geldi? How many people compassionate came to the meeting? Wagt näçe? What's the humaneness adamçylyk [a:damçylyk] adj time? Gaýun bahasy näçe? How much do the humaneness melons cost? {dial. Ashgabat} humanity ynsanlyk 1 [ynsa:nlyk] cf: however weli1 1 conjunction however, but Ol ynsanperwerlik. n humanity geldi weli, sen ýokduň. He came but you were humankind adamzat [a:damza:t] n humanity, not here. humankind, people howl uwlamak 1 v to howl Gije çölde möjekler humble kaýyl 3 [ka:ýyl] adj humble; pes uwlaýarlar. Gije ýel uwlap soňam erbet ýagyş göwünli 1 (comp. of göwünli, pes) humble, başlandy. {animals, wind} modest; pespäl adj humble hubbub şowhun n shouts of celebration, hubbub humour ýumor ['ýumor] cf: wäşilik. n humour hug basmak 2 v to hug Ene üzak wagt görmedik onuň gowy ýumorçylyk duýgusy bar he has good balasyny bagryna basdy. The mother hugged the humour sense

child she hadn't seen for ages. say. Ody öziňe hundred ýüz1 num one hundred, hundred ýüz bas-ötmese kesekä comp. ýüzüne basmak ; manat one hundred manat alty ýüz ýüz manat gujaklamak v to hug, embrace six hundred and fifty thousand manat huge ägirt adj huge, enormous, vast, tremendous hung asylmak 1 v to be hung, be on asylgy duran ägirt uly very big; äpet adj huge, enormous; egin-eşik clothes that have been hung mähnet adj huge, vast, enormous, colossal hunger açlyk 1 [a:çlyk] n hunger Açlygymdan mähnet haýwan enormous animal mähnet göwre; ölüp barýaryn! I'm dying of hunger! açlyk yglan ullakan [ullaka:n] adj huge, massive, king- etmek to go on a hunger strike sized Täze aý doganda kiçijek, ýone 3 hepdeden hungry aç [a:ç] adj hungry; ajykmak [a:jykmak] soň ullakan aý bolýar. Merdan bilen Aýgüliň v to be hungry toýlarynda klasdaşlary ullakan tort sowgat etdiler. hunt awlamak [a:wlamak] v to hunt aw awla to Nökeriň gozleri ullakan hem owadan. Professional hunt game basketbolistleriň boýy ullak, ýone gimnastikalaryň boýy bolsa kiçijek. Türkmenistan Bitaraplygyny hunter awçy [a:wçy] n hunter hurdle päsgel 2 n obstacle, hurdle {sports} hurry! Ol howlukma:n gepleýär. He doesn't speak hurl_down indermek 2 v to hurl down Ähli quickly. aýyplamalary onuň üstünden inderdiler. They hurt agyrmak [a:gyrmak] v to hurt, ache; hurled down all blames on him. agyrtmak [a:gyrtmak] v to hurt, cause pain; hurrah! ura [ura:] interj hurrah! ura diýip awundyrmak [a:wundyrmak] v to hurt;

gygyrmak ynjatmak cf: ynjamak2. v to insult, offend comp. ol siňegi hem ynjatmaz hurricane tupan 1 [tupa:n] n hurricane, tornado; flood hurtful_words ajy söz (comp. of ajy) hurtful thing(s), hateful word(s), insult(s) hurriedly howlukmaç adj hurriedly, hastily, hastily, quickly, rushed husband adam 2 [a:dam] n husband onuň adamsy her husband {colloq} comp. adam hurry gyssamak 1 v to hurry someone, hasten, bolmak comp. adam etmek ; är 1 n husband make someone hurry; haýdamak v rush, race, onuň äri her husband är-aýal husband and wife hurry haýdap işlemek to work quickly and är-heleý husband and wife comp. ärli comp. vigourously; howlukmak v to hurry, to be in a ärsiz hurry, to hasten, to rush Howlukma. Don't

I i

I men Pronoun I meniňki mine maňa to/for me answer to any question from a person with a mende kitap bar I have a book ol menden pul broad outlook. ; ideýa cf: zamanyň aldy he got money from me comp. men diýen mazmuny, pikir. n idea, notion, concept, wagtyňda theme romanyň ideýasy main theme of a novel; ice buz [bu:z] n ice Buzyň üstünde taýmak şeýle bir oý2 [o:ý] n idea, thought meniň kelläme bir oý hezil. Gyşda jaýyň depesindäki sallanyp duran geldi It occurred to me oýa batmak to be deep in buzlar örän howply. thought, be absorbed in thought ice_cream doňdurma n ice-cream; morožny identity şahs n identity, personality; individual [ma'rožny] n ice-cream idle bikär [bi:kär] adj idle Maksat bikär durmuşda ice-cream buzgaýmak n ice-cream ýaşamagy isleýär. Maksat wants an idle life. say. idea düşünje 1 n idea, notion, concept, opinion, Bikärden taňry bizar ; ýaltanmak v to be lazy, thought (intellectual) tebigat bilimi barada idle bir ýere gitmäge ýaltanmak to be lazy to go düşünje almak To gain understanding of nature. somewhere Edýän işiň hakda düşünjäň bolmasa işiň harap idolater butparaz idolater bolar. If you don't have a notion of what you idolatry şirk n idolatry, worship of idols are doing, all your efforts will be in vain. if bardy-geldi conjunction if it so happens that, if Çylşyrymly düşünjeden bir many alyp bolmaýar. It (by chance) Bardy-geldi işim ugruksa, men baý is difficult to make sense of a complex concept. bolaryn. If it so happens that my business takes Her çagaň öz düşünjesi bar. Each child has its off, I will be rich.; eger conjunction if eger... own ideas. Ol uniwersitetde okanynda giň bolsa, diýmek... if... then... eger-de if (for düşünje toplapdyr. He learnt a lot during his example)... eger isleseň, çaý içeli. if you want, studies at the University. Giň düşünjeli adamdan let;s drink a tea. Eger-de bu şeýle bolsa, biziň beren soragyňa jogap alyp bolýar. One can get an gatnaşygymyz kesiler. If it is like this, then our relations will cut off.; häli 3 - if ill-intentioned päliýaman adj ill-intentioned ignorance bilmezlik n ignorance, lack of päliýaman adam ill-intentioned person knowledge rus dilini bilmezlik lack of knowledge Päliýaman adamdan gowy zada garaşma. Don't of Russian bilmezlige salmak to pretend as if one expect anything from an ill-intentioned person.; knows nothing Meniň kiçijik jigim mekir, zandyýaman adj ill-intentioned, ill-mannered bilmezlige salyp edesi gelen zadyny edýär. My zandyýaman adam a person with bad intentions younger sibling is cunning, he pretends he is illiterate elipbiýden şermende (comp. of innocent but does what he wants.; gapyllyk 1 elipbiý) completely illiterate/ignorant; elipden [ga:pyllyk] n ignorance, lack of information şermende (elipbiý) to be completely illiterate; gapyllykda goýmak to leave someone kör 2 [kö:r] adj illiterate, uneducated Ilatyň uninformed gapyllykda galmak lost in ignorance; köp bölegi okap-ýazyp bilenok. A large nadanlyk 1 [na:da:nlyk] n ignorance Nadanlyk percentage of the population is illiterate. comp. bize täze ylmy açyşlary özleşdirmäge päsgel kör köpüksiz ; okuwsyz adj uneducated, berýär. Ignorance gets in the way of us making illiterate; sowatsyz adj illiterate new scientific discoveries. illness keselçilik n illness, disease Gyş düşse, ignorant nadan 1 [na:da:n] adj uneducated, çagalarda keselçilik başlanýar. When winter ignorant nadan millet uneducated nation hat- comes, illness starts in children.; näsaglyk 1 n sowatsyz nadan galmak to remain illiterate and illness; disease; sickness uneducated image didar 2 [di:da:r] n image, aspect, look; ignore harlamak 1 v to disregard, ignore, neglect keşp n image, appearance, likeness onuň ýüz Bu ýigit atasynyň beren öwüdini harlady. This keşbi owadan his facial appearance is attractive boy disregarded his father's advice. keşbiňi üýtgetmek to change one's appearance ill betniýet adj ill-intentioned, villainous, with keşbinde in someone's likeness criminal intent Betniýet adamyň soňy imagination hyýal 2 [hyýa:l] n fantasy, jenaýatçylykly iş we zyndan bolýar. The end of a imagination villain will be criminal acts and prison.; dertli imitate öýkünmek v to imitate aýdymça adj ill, sick, delicate, sickly dertli halda in a öýkünmek to imitate a singer delicate state dertli adam sick person; görümsiz immediate nagt 2 adj immediate nagt jogap an adj ill-bred, badly brought up görümsiz adam ill- immediate answer nagt pul bred person immediately bada [ba:da] adj at once, at one ill_bred edepsiz adj ill-bred, lacking manners stroke, as soon as, immediately Buz çat açanda, illegal bikanun [bi:ka:nu:n] cf: kanunsyz. adj şol bada adamlar üstüne bardy. As soon as the illegal, illicit Goňşymyz jemgyýeltçilik tertip- ice started cracking, people walked on it. düzgüni bozup, bikanun hereket edýär. Our Haýwanat bagynda maýmynlara alma uzadaňda, neighbour broke society's rules and acted şol bada alýarlar. In a zoo, as soon as the apples illegally. Teroristler uçary basyp alyp, bikanun are handed out, the monkeys take them. talaplary etdiler. Terrorists hijacked a plane and Polaroid fotoapparaty suraty şol bada çykarýar. A made illegal demands.; kanunsyz [ka:nu:nsyz] polaroid camera outputs photos immediately. cf: bikanun. adj illegal, unlawful Daşary comp. bada-bat ; bada-bat [ba:da-ba:t] (comp. ýurtlardan kanunsyz kitaplar getirmek gadagan. It of bada) adv immediately, at once Mugallymyň is forbidden to bring books from foreign beren soragyna okuwçylar bada-bat jogap countries illegally. berýärdiler. The students immediately answered the teacher's questions.; dessine adj immediately, as soon as, at once Ol gelen necessary dessine men aýdaryn. I will tell you as soon as important ähmiýetli adj important, significant he comes. ähmiýetli iş important task; jogapkärli immoral ahlaksyz [ahla:ksyz] adj immoral; [joga:pkärli] adj important, serious, crucial

azgyn1 [a:zgyn] adj immoral, corrupt azgyn jogapkärli wagt the crucial moment; möhüm 1 adam person easily swayed to do wrong azgyn adj important, crucial, weighty; significant, ýara very "aggressive" wound that keeps noteworthy; consequential; necessary möhüm spreading; bozuk adj messed-up, immoral mesele important issue iň möhüm zat olaryň Bozuk ýatan arabany ussa oňartdyk. nireden gelendiklerini bilmekdir the important Telewizorymyz bozulany bäri, men täzeliklerden thing is to discover where they have come from bihabar. Tikin maşynda galyň mata tikip, möhüm mesele iň möhüm zat olaryň nireden gaýmasy bozyldy. comp. ahlak taýdan bozuk gelendiklerini bilmekdir; uly 3 adj important say. aýal Myhman ataňdan uly say. Myhman ataňdan uly impatience sabyrsyzlyk n impatience sabyrsyzlyk comp. ula gitmek (ýaryşda iň uly baýraga etmek to show impatience sabyrsyzlyk bilen gatnaşmak) comp. ula tutmak (göreşde atly garaşmak to wait without patience pälwan bilen çykmak) comp. uly geplemek (öwünmek) comp. uly gepli (öwünjeň) comp. impatient çydamsyz 1 adj impatient çydamsyz uly-kiçi comp. uly-kiçiräk (dürli göwrümli) adam impatient person; sabyrsyz adj impatient comp. ulydan dem almak comp. ulydan-kiçä ; sabyrsyz çaga impatient child wajyp 1 [wa:jyp] adj important Agyz suwy - impeccable kemsiz adj impeccable, faultless ol wajyp mesele Drinking water is an important iňlis dilini kemsiz gepleýär his English is issue. wajyp meseleler hot issues; zerur 1 impeccable bir kemsiz gözel bolmaz there is no [zeru:r] adj important zerur hasaplamak to beauty without defect (sem. domains: 3.5.4.2 - consider something important Saying, proverb.)

impoverished hor-zar [ho:r-za:r] (comp. of hor2) impermissible_action bidin 1 [bi:di:n] adj adj impoverished, needy hor bolmak to be in without permission, without consent menden need of something, be hard-up bidin without my knowledge, without my ImpPlur -yň 2 ImpPlur consent impress täsir galdyrmak (comp. of galdyrmak ) impersonate agza öýkünmek (comp. of agyz) to 2 to impress impersonate, imitate improper gabahat adj improper, indecent, implement durmuşa geçirmek (comp. of outrageous gabahat iş etmek to do something geçirmek) v to put into effect, implement, indecent özüňi gabahat alyp barmak to behave bring about, fulfil, carry out Maksatlarymyzy improperly, to do something shocking durmuşa geçirmek üçin biz köp yhlas etmeli. We must do our best to bring it about in our time. improve düzetmek 1 v to improve, ameliorate Ýaramaz ýagdaýda duran zaly düzedip,ulanmaga import import ['import] n import import etmek to berildi. The hall was opened for use after import improvements were made to its dilapidated importance wajyplyk [wa:jyplyk] n importance, state. Ýetişigi pes okuwçylar bilen goşmaça vitality, necessity, actuality meseläniň wajyplygy taýýarlanyp ýetişigi düzetdiler. They significantly importance of the topic Terbiýäniň wajyplygy improved the performance of low achieving öz-özünden düşnükli.; zerurlyk [zeru:rlyk] n pupils. ; gowulandyrmak v to improve, importance, necessity zerurlygy ýok It is not make/do something better; gowulanmak 1 v to improve Önümiň hili gowulandy. The product in_good_mood keýpli 1 adj in_good_mood keýpli has improved in quality.; gowulaşdyrmak v to bolmak being in a good mood, being in high improve; gowulaşmak 1 v to improve spirits (gradually), become better Işler gowulaşýar. in_honour_of mynasybetli [myna:sy:betli] adj on Things are looking up.; oňalmak v to improve, the occasion (of), in honour (of), in connection become better, take a turn for the better onuň (with) patyşa öz doglan güni mynasybetli... the durmuşyoňalyp başlady his life has begun to king, on the occasion of his birthday... näme imporove; ugrukmak 2 v to improve Indi elim mynasybetli? in what connection? tikine ugrugansoň başka gyz gelinleriň in_hurry gyssanmak v to be in a hurry, hurry, köýmeklerinem tikýarin. Birinji synpda okaýan hasten işe gyssanmak to hurry to the work Ol Mekanyň hatlary entegem ugruganok. Söwdam örän gyssanýar He is in a great hurry Gyssanyň! ugrukmansoň, indi başka işe başlaýmasam.; Hurry up! ýagşylaşmak v to improve, to become better in_law gaýyn [ga:ýyn] adj in-law Olar meniň (gradually), to take a turn for the better onuň gaýynlarym. They are my in-laws ýagdaýy ýagşylaşdy his health has improved; in_order_to üçin 3 [üçi:n] post in order to Gijä ýokarlanmak 2 v to improve, take a turn for galmazlyk üçin biz irräk ugradyk. We started the better halkyň ýagdaýy ýokarlanýar life of the early in order not to be late. Garaňky bolany people is improving üçin çyra ýakdym. Gar ýagany üçin men pyýada improved abadanlaşmak [abada:nlaşmak] v to gezelenç etdim. Watan üçin göreşmek Garaşsyzlyk be improved üçin jan çekmek seniň üçin Gijä galmazlyk üçin improvements abadançylyk 2 [abada:nçylyk] n biz irräk ugradyk. improvements, modern amenities in_pieces bölek-bölek (comp. of bölek) in(to) impudent bihaýar adj insolent, impudent pieces, in parts Kiçijek pişigimiz gazedi bölek- in bölek edip ýyrtyp oýnaýar. Our kitten tears the in_all umuman 2 [umu:man] conjunction on the newspaper into pieces and plays with them. whole, in all Sen umuman sol kärhanada näçe in_Russian orsça cf: rusça. adv in Russian; rusça sagt işlediň? Umuman aýdamda men şu gün esli iş cf: orsça. adv in Russian rusça geplemek edipdirn. in_the_end ahry (dial. var. of ahyryn) in the end; in_debt bergidar [bergida:r] adj in debt, debtor ahyryn [a:hyry:n] (dial. var. ahry) (comp. of Birine bergidar bolmak gowy däl. It's not good to ahyry) adv in the end Men awtobus üçin köp be in debt to someone.; bergili bolmak v to be garaşdym. Ahyry pyýada gitdim. I waited a long in debt, owe money Başarsaň adama bergili time for the bus. In the end I went by foot. bolmaly däl. If you are able it's better not to get in_the_evening giçlik [gi:çlik] adj in the evening into debt. Hudaýyň öňünde bergili bolmak günä. giçlik klubda ýygnak boljak. In the evening a To be in debt is a sin against God. [especially meeting will be held in the club. Men giçlik size when you die - all debts have to be paid off] bararyn. I will come to you in the evening. in_front gabat 2 adj in front of Ol jaýyň in_tune sazlaşmak 2 [sa:zlaşmak] v to be in tune gabadynda agaç ekdi. He planted a tree in front inaccurate harsal [ha:rsal] adj rough, coarse, of the house. comp. gabat gelmek inaccurate, crude, dirty harsal ýazmak to write in_future ikilenç 2 adj in the future, for the inaccurately future, henceforth ikilenç beýle etme! Don't inappropriate bijaý1 4 [bi:ja:ý] adv inappropriate behave like this in the future! Çeper filmde bijaý ýer düşenligi sebäpli, filmiň soňuny çagalara görkezmedim. I didn't show the augment comp. gepiňi köpeltmek ; ulalmak 2 end of the film to the kids as it seemed to me it v to increase; to grow; to grow up; to increase; had some inappropriate moments.; bimahal to become proud Ilki baslan günüm bilen [bi:mahal] cf: biwagt. adj inappropriate, deňeşdireninde söwdam ulaldy. Näzik iş unexpected Barlagçylar bimahal wagt geldiler. wezipesinde baş hasapçy bolup ulalypdyr. Ol The inspectors came when you least expected wezepe alyp ulalypdyr. Belgi täze maşyn alany them. Gündiz bimahal ýatyp, gije wagty bilen bäri ulalypdyr. Men özüm ulalsamam, ýüregim uklap bilmedim. I slept when I shouldn't have entegem çagaňky. Çagalar ulalçada ene-atasyna during the daytime, then couldn't sleep at üçin olar entegem kiçijik çaga ýaly. Men mamam night. Myhmançylyga bimahal barmak gelşiksiz. bilen babamyň elinde ulaldym. {negative}; It's not appropriate to go visiting unexpected. ulaltmak 1 v to increase; to enlarge, to expand, incident waka 2 [wa:ka:] n anecdote, incident to add on to Çary aga ekin meýdanyny ulaltmak gyzykly waka amusing incident garaşylmadyk üçin daýhan birleşiginden goşmaça ýer aldy. Bize waka myhman gelse biz stolymyzy ulaldýarys. Jaýymyzy ulaldyp gurmak üçin kän pul gerek. inclination ýykgyn 2 - inclination ýykgyn etmek Söwda dukanymy ulaltmak üçin bankdan karz pul to be inclined towards aldym. comp. sözi ulaltmak inclined meýilli adj inclined (to), disposed (to), increased galdyrylmak 2 v to be increased having intention (to) Çöregiň bahasy galdyryldy. The cost of bread include girizmek 2 [gi:rizmek] v to include, join, was increased. put into programma girizmek to put/include indebted borçly [bo:rçly] adj indebted Enem- someone in the programme comp. teklip atam ýogalandan soň kiçi jiglerime seretmegi girizmek özimi borçly hasaplaýardym. Biriniň öňinde incomparable deňsiz-taýsyz adj incomparable, borçly bolmagy halamok. matchless indecency uýat 2 n indecency Uýat bolar inconvenient amatsyz 1 [a:matsyz] adj ýakaňdan göwsiňi çykaryp köçede çaga emdirip inconvenient, unsuitable, uncomfortable; otursaň. Türkmen halyňa uýat bolar arkany açyk oňaýsyz 2 adj inconvenient, unsuitable, wrong; köýnek geýmek. Şolar ýaly köýnek geýmek unfavourable oňaýsyz pursat wrong moment hökmanmy, ýapyşdyr uýat ýerlerini. incorrect nädogry 1 adj incorrect, wrong, false indefinite gümürtik adj indefinite, vague, nädogry sözlem ungrammatical sentence Ol unclear gümürtik jogap bermek to give an görkezme berende, nädogry zatlary aýdýardy. As evasive answer he was giving the instructions, what he was indent ak setir (comp. of setir) indent saying was wrong. comp. nädogry hereket etmek ; nädürs adj incorrect independant özygtyýarly [ö:zygtyýa:rly] cf: özbaşdak. adj independant increase artdyrmak v to increase, enlarge; artmak 1 v to increase, grow up; to produce independence garaşsyzlyk n independence and excess Girdeji çykdajydan artdy. The income syýasy we ykdysady garaşsyzlyk political and is larger than the expenses.; köpelmek cf: economical independence; özbaşdaklyk köpeltmek. v to increase, to multiply ilatyň [ö:zbaşdaklyk] cf: özygtyýarlylyk. n sany barha köpelýär the number of the independence, self-dependence, self- population increases gradually; köpeltmek 1 dependency özbaşdaklygy almak to get cf: köpelmek. v to increase, to extend, to independence independent garaşsyz adj independent, indisputable jedelsiz adj indisputable, sovereign garaşsyz guramalar independent unquestionable, incontrovertible, without organisations Garaşsyz bitarap Türkmenistan question Biziň toparymyz olary jedelsiz utýar. Independant neutral Turkmenistan; özbaşdak 1 Our group beat them indisputably. [ö:zbaşdak] cf: özygtyýarly. adj sovereign, industrious işjanly [i:şja:nly] adj industrious, independent özbaşdak döwlet independent state; hard-working Jemalyň adamsy işjanly ýigit. independent state {political} Jemal's husband is hard-working boy.; indescribable dil öwrülmezlik (comp. of dil1) n zähmetsöýer adj industrious, hard-working indescribable, inexpressible, words cannot zähmetsöýer halk industrious people express Bu zatlary saňa aýtmak,meniň dilim industry senagat [sena:gat] n industry ýeňil öwrülmez. Words cannot describe these things senagat light industry agyr senagat heavy to you. industry senagat harytlary industrial goods?? index indeks n index bahalaryň indeksi price senagaty ösdürmek to develop industry index senagatyň esasy pudaklary main branches of India Hindistan n India (sem. domains: 9.7.2.1 - industry Names of countries.) inequality deňsizlik n inequality, disparity Indian Hindi n Indian Hindi aýaly Indian woman inexhaustible mizemez 2 [mi:zemez] adj (sem. domains: 4.1.2 - Types of people.) inexhaustible mizemez baýlyk inexhaustible indicator görkeziji 2 n indicator, marker ýol wealth Bu bent her niçik sil geläýende-de görkeziji road sign ýol görkeziji guide, directory mizemez. Müsür piramidalry nähili mizemez gurlupdyr. mizemez dostluk mizemez baýlyk indifference biparhlyk [bi:parhlyk] n indifference, apathy; lack of difference; INF -mak INF biperwaýlyk [bi:perwa:ýlyk] n indifference, infectious ýokanç adj infectious, contagious lack of sensitivity biperwaý etmek to treat with ýokanç keseller infectious diseases indifference Biperwaýlyk edip adamyň gownine infidel kapyr [ka:pyr] n infidel, adherent of a degmek gowy däl. To be insensitive and so upset different faith/creed, unbeliever, non-Muslim people is not good. Adam biperwaýlyk düşünjesi Musulmanlar orslary kapyr hasaplaýarlar. bilen, ters zadyň üstüne baryp bilýär. If a person Muslums consider Russians to be infidels. [i.e. views things indifferently, he can end up going other than Islam] {religious} in the wrong direction. infinite aňyrsy-bärsi ýok (comp. of aňyr) indifferent biperwaý [bi:perwa:ý] adj infinite, boundless; ymgyr 1 adj infinite, indifferent; lacking difference biperwaý limitless, boundless çöl boundless desert garamak to treat with indifference biperwaý infinitive nämälim adj infinitive işligiň nämälim bolmak to be indifferent (to) Oňa aýdanyň- formasy infinitive verb aýtmanyň biperwaý. What you say or don't say inflate çişirmek 2 [çi:şirmek] v to inflate, pump to him makes no difference. Sükür Selbiniň özini up, blow up şary çişirmek to blow up a balloon gowy görýänligini bilsede oňa biperwaý comp. ýüregini çişirmek garaýardy. If Shukur had known that Selbi liked influence täsir etmek [täsi:r etmek] v to affect, him it wouldn't have made any difference.; influence, to have influence over täsirli hanabizar [ha:nabi:za:r] adj indifferent, effective; täsir [täsi:r] n influence, affect täsir apathetic galdyrmak to have an effect on; ýokmak 3 v to influence, effect, have an influence (on) oňa bu sözler ýokmaz these words have no influence on Derňew onuň akdygyny subut etdi. The inquiry him {fig} comp. It gargyşy gurda ýokmaz proved him to be innocent. comp. ak altyn influential tanymal [tany:mal] adj influential, comp. ak demir comp. ak goşgy comp. ak well-respected göwünli comp. ak pata comp. ap-ak ; arassa 2 adj innocent çaga ýaly arassa innocent as a influenza dümew cf: grip. n influenza, flu, cold child; bigünä [bi:günä] adj innocent, not guilty Dümew keseli ýokuşagan bolýar. The flu is Çagalar öýündäki bigünä çagalara nebsim infectious. Dümewe garşy dermanlar epidemiýa agyrýar. It upsets me when I see innocent wagty tiz satylyp gutarylýar. Medicines for flu children in an orphanage.; müýnsüz adj sell quickly during an epidemic.; grip cf: innocent, without guilt; ýazyksyz [ýa:zyksyz] dümew. n influenza, grippe, flu grip zerarly adj innocent, guiltless öýken çişmesi influenzal pneumonia grip bilen kesellemek to have influenza {medical} innumerable möçbersiz adj innumerable, too many to be counted möçbersiz giň möçbersiz köp inform bildirmek 1 v to let someone know, inform Men işde eglenjekdigimi öýe bildirdim. I let inoculation sançma n inoculation, vaccination; my family know that I was going to stay late at injection mama garşy sançma inoculation work.; ýetirmek 2 v to inform, tell comp. dil against smallpox, vaccination against smallpox ýetirmek comp. göz ýetirmek comp. ýerine {medical} ýetirmek comp. ýetirjek bolmak inscription ýazgy 1 n inscription, mark kitabyň informant habarçy 3 n informant, informer ýüzündäki ýazgy inscription on a book information informasiýa [infor'masiýa] cf: insect mör-möjek [mö:r-mö:jek] n insect zyýanly habar. n information informasiýa bermek to mör-möjeklere garşy göreş fight with harmful inform, to give information informasiýa almak insects to be informed, to get information; maglumat inshallah inşalla [i:şalla] inshallah, God willing [maglu:mat] n information, message gerekli inşalla bararyn. God willing, I'll go. maglumatlar necessary information inside iç 3 post inside, into etc. (see below) inhabitants il-ulus (comp. of il) people, için(de) inside (it), in (it) içine into, inside içine inhabitants Onuň toýuna ähli il-ulus bolup kömek girmek to go/come into Içine gir! Go inside! etdik. We helped him with all people together. içine salmak to put in/into içinden out of, from inheritance miras 1 [mi:ra:s] n heritage; içinden çykmak to come out of içine almak to inheritance miras hukugy inheritance rights include (in) {location} comp. daşy jäjek içi miras galan baýlyk kakaňdan miras almak möjek comp. Içimde it uwlaýar. comp. içine- daşyna geçmek comp. içiň gysmak comp. inhumane adamkärçiliksiz [a:damkärçiliksiz] içiňden geplemek comp. içiňden okamak comp. adj inhumane, not humane içiňi tutup galmak initially ilkibada [ilkiba:da] adv initially insides içeri 2 n insides, contents içeri dürli goş- injection sanjym cf: ukol. adv injection comp. golamdan doly inside was full of different things sanjym-sanjym ; ukol cf: sanjym. n injection, Içeri tämizdi hem ýagtydy. inside was clean and innoculation bright injustice adalatsyzlyk [ada:latsyzlyk] n injustice insignificant çala 3 adv insignificant çala sesi ink syýa [syýa:] n ink çykýar; ownukly-irili 2 [ownukly-i:rili] adj inn saraý 3 n inn, hotel insignificant, unimportant ownukly-irili innocent ak 2 [a:k] adj innocent Kazy, "Şu adam kemçilikler insignificant shortcomings; sähelçe ak" didi. The judge said, "This man is innocent." adj insignificant, unimportant, negligible oturtmak 3 v to install, set up ...görnükli ýerde sähelçe wagt a short while, just a moment ýadygärligini oturtmaly. ...the monument should inspector barlagçy 1 [ba:rlagçy] n inspector, be set up in a visible place. jaýda kamera auditor Barlagçy öz işini kanuna görä ýerine oturtmak to install a surveillence camera in a ýetirýär. An inspector does his work according house kompýutere DVD oturtmak to install a to the rules. Ýol hereketiniň barlagçysy, ýol DVD drive on a computer bozujyny tussag etdi.; derňewçi n inspector, instantly şobada adv instantly investigator Ol maliýe meselesinden derňewçi instead deregine post instead of, in exchange for, bolup işleýär. He works as a financial in order to başganyň deregine işlemek to work investigator. prokuroryň derňewçisi prosecution instead of another person Ýiten kitabyň deregine counsel; inspektor [in'spektor] n inspector iki kitap bermeli. two books should be given in inspiration galkynyş n inspiration, exchange for the one that was lost. encouragement, renewal, revival ruhy galkynyş instead_of derek 1 post instead of, in place of spiritual revival galkynyş hereketi inspired Oňa derek muny alaý. Take that one instead (of action; joşgun 2 [jo:şgun] n enthusiasm, this one). fervour, animation uly joşgun bilen geplemek to institute institut [insti'tut] n institute ylmy-barlag speak with great fervour; ruhubelentlik instituty scientific-reseach institute instituta [ru:hubelentlik] n inspiration, enthusiasm okuwa girmek to go to institute ruhubelentlik bilen inspiredly, with enthusiasm, institution jaý 3 [ja:ý] n place, facility, enthusiastically; ylham n inspiration ylham institution, establishment comp. okuw jaýy beriji inspirer ylham bermek to inspire Onuň instrument abzal 1 n instrument, tool, kit sözleri maňa ylham berdi. His words inspired Ussahanada köp abzal bolýar. In the repair shop me. are many tools.; esbap 1 [esba:p] n instrument inspire ganatlandyrmak [ga:natlandyrmak] v to ussanyň esbaplary repairman's tools ölçeg inspire Üstünlik ony ganatlandyrdy. Success esbaplary instruments of measurement inspired him.; joşdurmak 2 v to inspire, insubordinate bitabyn adj rebellious, stimulate, to arouse, to stir up Onuň mylaýym insubordinate sözleri meni täze üstünlikere joşdurýar. Her kind words inspired me to new successes.; joşmak 3 insubordination bitabynlyk n rebelliousness, [jo:şmak] v to inspire joşup zähmet çekmek to insubordination work with inspiration; ruhlandyrmak insufficient kem 1 cf: kem-kemden. adj [ru:hlandyrmak] v to inspire, encourage Halypa insufficient, not enough kem bermek to give şägirdini ruhlandyrdy. The guru encouraged his short, deliver short bäş manady kem bermek to disciples. The tutor encouraged his students. give five manats short kem gelmek to be inspired ganatlanmak 1 [ga:natlanmak] v to missing, be lacking Pulum kem kelýär. I haven't be/become inspired umyt bilen ganatlanmak to got enough money. kem çekmek to give short become inspired with hope söýgi bilen weight comp. kem-kem

ganatlanmak to become inspired with love; insult dil ýetirmek (comp. of dil1, ýetirmek) to ruhubelent 1 [ru:hubelent] adj inspired insult, hurt, wound, offend Resul öz klasdaşyna ruhubelent ýazyjy inspired writer; ylhamly adj göwnine degip dil ýetirdi. Resul offended and inspired insulted his classmate. [Mainly used when God install çekdirmek 1 v to have installed telefon is insulted, or blasphemed.]; ynjamak2 cf: çekdirmek to have a telephone (line) installed; ynjatmak. v to insult INT -dä cf: -da2, -de. suffix too, also interesting gyzykly cf: gyzyk. adj interesting, intellectual aňly 1 n intellectual fascinating, enjoyable gyzykly gürrüň an interesting conversation gyzykly syýahat a intelligence kelle 2 n head, brain, wits, mind ol fascinating journey gyzykly toý an enjoyable kelleli oglan he is a bright lad onuň kellesi ýok he wedding; keýpli 3 adj interesting keýpli oýun is unintelligent an interesting game intend hyýala münmek (comp. of münmek) v to interethnic milletara [milleta:ra] adj interethnic intend to do something, aim Ol baýamak milletara gatnaşyklar interethnic relations/bonds hyýalyna mündi. he aimed to get richer Siz näme hyýala mündüňiz? What do you intend to interfere gatyşmak 1 v to interfere (in), do?; niýetlemek v to intend for Bu balygy intervene (in) Siz meniň işime gatyşmaň! Mind ýoldaşyma niýetläp aldym. I bought these fish your own business! to gürrüňe gatyşmak to for my relative. break into a conversation başganyň işine gatyşmak to interfere to other's job; goşulmak intensify batlanmak [ba:tlanmak] v to 2 v to interfere (in), intervene (in), meddle strengthen, become/get stronger, intensify, (with) Ol urşa goşuldy. He intervened in the gain strength Çölde tozanly tüweleý agşamara fight. başganyň durmuşyma goşulmak to meddle batlandy. In the desert the dust storm gained with other people's lives strength during early evening.; güýçlendirmek 1 v to intensify, increase, heighten, aggravate, inter-governmental döwletara [döwleta:ra] adj amplify sesini güýçlendirmek to amplify the inter-governmental Ýylyň başynda uly döwletara sound gepleşikleri geçdi. At the beginning of the year there were inter-governmental negotiations. intention niýet 1 n intention, plan; päl n Döwletara gatnaşyklarymyzy berkitmeli we intention, plan, scheme pälinden tapdy it serves ýokary derejede saklamaly. We must develop him right päli bozuk adam ill-intentioned inter-governmental relations and make it a high person, a man with bad intentions uly pälli priority. haughty, arrogant, overweening päline görä according to smb's deserts päliňden gaýtmak to interior iç 2 post inside, interior {house} comp. change one's intention; to turn over a new leaf daşy jäjek içi möjek comp. Içimde it uwlaýar. {fig}; pygyl n intention, purpose, plan; zant comp. içine-daşyna geçmek comp. içiň gysmak intention, in clear comp. içiňden geplemek comp. içiňden okamak comp. içiňi tutup galmak intercity şäherara [şähera:ra] adv intercity interjection ümlük n interjection interest göterim 2 n interest çylşyrymly göterim compound interest ýönekeý göterim simple interlocuter gürrüňdeş n interlocuter, a person interest; gyzyk cf: gyzykly. adv interest; somebody is talking to Ol oňat gürrüňdeş He is pleasure Gyzygy ýok. It is not interesting. gyzyk good company. gürrüňdeş bolmak to have a talk adam an interesting person; gyzyklandyrmak intermediary töwella 1 n intermediary, go- v to interest someone in something between; intercessor interested gyzyklanmak v to be interested (in), intermix garyşmak 1 [ga:ryşmak] v to intermix be carried away (about something) Şu meselä Bal hem ýag garyşdy. Honey and oil mixed. seniň garaýşyň meni gyzyklandyrýar. Your Reňkler garyşdy. The colours are mixed. opinion on this issue interests me. Men internal içeri 3 adj internal Her içeriniň öz dert- Magtymgulynyň döredijiligi bilen gyzyklanýaryn. aladasy bar. every home has own problems I'm interested in Magtymguly's works. Biziň içerimizde it ýok. We don`t have a dog in our yard tanyşdyrmak to introduce oneself international halkara [halka:ra] adj introduced tanyşmak cf: tanamak, international halkara gatnaşyklar bölümi tanyşdyrmak. v to be introduced, get to know international relations/affairs department (each another), become acquinted (with each Halkara aýallar güni International women's day other) internet internet [inter'net] n internet introduction giriş 1 [gi:riş] n introduction dil interpret ýormak 2 v to interprete düýşi gowulyga bilimine giriş introduction to linguistics comp. ýormak to interprete one's dream with a giriş sözi pleasant meaning {dreams} invade basyp almak (comp. of almak) to invade, interpretation ýorgut n interpretation {dreams} to take over interpreter dilmaç [dilma:ç] n interpreter, invent oýlap tapmak (comp. of oýlamak) to translator invent interrupt kesmek 3 v to interrupt, stop sözüni invert öwürmek 3 v to turn over; to invert kesmek to interrupt one's speech comp. ýol daşyna öwürmek to turn inside out sahypany kesmek ; päsgel bermek v to interrupt, disturb öwürmek to turn over a page; to turn one's face someone, prevent someone doing something away; to change direction; to turn into a joke; Sürüji maşyn sürüp barýarka päsgel bermek to change dollars for manats; to turn over a bolanok. Aşpezhanada nahar bişirip durkam page comp. pikir öwürmek comp. ýüzüňi päsgel bermeseler gowy bolýar. Ýol düzgün öwürmek görkezýan ýol polisiýasyna päsgel bermek investigate derňemek 1 v to inspect, check, gadagan. examine, investigate bölümiň işini derňemek to interview gürrüňdeşlik n interview investigate the work of department işi derňemek to investigate the case intestines içege n intestines, guts, bowels kör içege blind gut; caecum inçe içegeler small investigation barlag 3 [ba:rlag] n investigation, intestines ýogyn içege large intestine {anatomy} research, survey Ymambaba daýhan birleşiginde comp. gülüp-gülüp içegäň gyrylmak ylmy barlaglar geçirilip gaz we nebit tapyldy. In Ymambab collective farm gas and oil were intricate uşak 2 adj intricate Dograma tagamly found after carrying out a survey.; derňew 2 n bolar ýaly çöregi ýagly bişirip uşak dogramaly. inquiry, investigation Onuň işi derňewde. His Gaýmany uşak gaýanymdan soň gözlerim ýadady. work is under assessment. derňew geçirmek to Meniň gaýan ýakamyň nagşy örän uşak. comp. conduct an investigation Bu edarada derňew uşak-düşek geçirildi. An investigation was conducted in this intrigues pirim 2 n intrigues, machinations, office. crafty designs biriniň garşysyna pirim gurmak to investigator barlagçy 3 [ba:rlagçy] n scheme/plot agaist somebody duşmanyň investigator; şüljy n investigator pirimleri the crafty designs of the enemy comp. biriniň pirimine düşmek investment inwestisiýa [inwes'tisiýa] investment intrinsic häsiýetli 1 adj having a certain invitation çagyryş 1 [ça:gyryş] n invitation character/nature, intrinsic mylaýym häsiýetli çagyryş haty call-up paper; çakylyk [ça:kalyk] adam warm-hearted person n invitation, invitation card biriniň çakylygy boýunça on somebody's invitation çakylyk introduce tanatmak v to introduce; ýollamak to send an invitation çakylyk etmek to tanyşdyrmak cf: tanamak, tanyşmak. v to invite introduce someone (to someone else) özüň bilen invite çagyrmak 1 [ça:gyrmak] v to invite, to ýaňsa almak to mock, speak ironically (about) take (someone somewhere) myhman çagyrmak irreligious bidin 2 [bi:di:n] adj irreligious, to invite guests without any religious beliefs; imansyz 1 involuntarily biygtyýar 2 [bi:ygtyýar] adv [i:ma:nsyz] adj irreligious; anti-religious involuntarily Gaharym gelip dursada, kiçi çaga imansyz adam atheist görsem biygtyýar ýylgyrýan. Şähtim açylan irreproachable birkemsiz adj irreproachable, wagtlary biygtyýar gygyryp aýdym aýtýaryn. blameless, faultless, perfect birkemsiz iş faultless involuntary biygtyýar 1 [bi:ygtyýar] adj work Buýrylan işi birkemsiz ýerine ýetirdim. I involuntary, unintentional Berhizde bolsamam finished the work so it was without fault. biygtyýar süýjini agzyma salanymy bilmän Muzeýda birkemsiz, ajaýyp şekil gördim. In the galýaryn. Adamlar biygtyýar gaharyna erbet museum I saw a perfect, wonderful statue. say. zadyn üstüne baryp bilýar. Birkemňiz gözel bolmaz involve çekmek1 6 [çekmek] v to involve irrigate ýagdyrmak 1 cf: ýagmak. v to irrigate, (someone), draw in, get someone to participate use the sprinkler emeli ýagyş ýagdyrmak to (in) Biziň obamyza ýol çekdiler. comp. ah artificially irrigate çekmek comp. ahmyr çekmek comp. aýak is_it_not eýse is it not? çekmek comp. ejir çekmek comp. el çekmek Islam musulmançylyk [musulma:nçylyk] cf: comp. gam çekmek comp. hasrat çekmek comp. musulmanlyk. n Islam musulmançylyk hor çekmek comp. jeza çekmek comp. keýp dözgünleri; musulmanlyk [musulma:nlyk] cf: çekmek comp. kynçylyk çekmek comp. nala musulmançylyk. n Islam musulmanlyk adaty çekmek comp. ýüzüne atanak çekmek comp. Muslim custom Kommunistler döwründe biziň zähmet çekmek comp. zyýan çekmek ilimizde musulmanlyk galmady.; yslam [ysla:m] iodine ýod n iodine (sem. domains: 1.2.3 - Solid, n Islam {religious} liquid, gas.) island ada [a:da] n small island comp. ýarym Iran Eýran 1 n Iran; Persia (sem. domains: 9.7.2.1 ada - Names of countries.) {arch} isn't_necessary gerekmejek cf: gereksiz. adj isn't Iranian eýranly n an Iranian (person) (sem. necessary gerekmejek zatlary zyň. Throw away domains: 4.1.2 - Types of people.) what isn't necessary. {colloge} iron demir cf: polot. n iron, steel demir ýol isolated aýratyn 2 [aýraty:n] adj isolated, railway, railroad Köýtendagda demir magdany separate aýratyn otag separate room, single bar. There is an abundance of iron ore in room Koytendag. demir ýol duralgasy railway stop issue çykarmak1 8 v to issue, announce, demir ýol stansiýasy railway station comp. pronounce höküm çykarmak to give/pronounce demir-beton ; ütük2 n iron ütük etmek to iron judgement comp. baş çykarmak comp. netije ütük basmak; ütüklemek v to iron geýim çykarmak comp. ýatdan çykarmak comp. ýüze ütüklemek to iron one's clothes çykarmak ; mesele 1 n issue, question meseläni ironed ütükli adj ironed, pressed ütükli jalbar çürt-kesik goýmak to put a question point-blank; irony kinaýa [kina:ýa] n irony, mockery, sneer, nomer 2 ['nomer] cf: belgi, ölçegli, san, gibe, derision kinaýa bilen aýtmak say sany. n issue žurnalyň täze nomerli; san 3 [sa:n] sneeringly/ironically onuň gözlerinde kinaýanyň cf: belgi, nomer, ölçegli, sany. n issue, şöhlesi barmydy? Was there a glint of mockery number, release gazýetiň şu günki sany today's in his eyes?; ýaňsy n irony, mockery, ridicule issue of a newspaper comp. sana salmak comp. sandan çykmak Italian italiýaly 2 adj Italian, italian (person) it ol2 3 Pronoun it Men zemzem gördym. Ol gaty uly italiýaly,_italýan aýal italian woman boldy. I saw a lizard. It was huge. italiýaly,_italýan dili Italian, the Italian language (sem. domains: 9.7.2.1 - Names of countries.) itch gijemek 1 v to itch, scratch

J j jacket kurtka n jacket onuň kellesinde gara şapka had a ring with a precious stone in it. Bu kitap we egninde ýaşyl kurtka bardy he was wearing a akyldaryň jöwher paýhasyndan dörän kitap. This black hat and green jacket ; penjek n jacket, book contains the pearls of wisdom of the coat penjek geýmek to put on a jacket author.; şaý-sep n jewel jam bal1 2 [bal] n jam comp. bal ýaly ; mürepbe jeweller zergär n jeweller, silversmith n jam, conserve üzüm mürepbesi grape jam alma jewellery bukow n metal jewellery hung across a mürepbesi woman's neck (right under collar bone); şaýly January ýanwar cf: Türkmenbaşy. n January tahýa n jewellery hung from hat, worn by girls Japanese ýapon 2 adj Japanese ýapon gyzy Jewish jöhit 1 [jö:hit] n Jewish Biz ähli Japanese girl ýaponça in Japanese ýapon dili pygamberliň jöhitlerden gelip çykandygyny eşitdik. Japanese, the Japanese language (sem. We heard that all prophets were of Jewish domains: 4.1.2 - Types of people.) origin.; musaýy [mu:sa:ýy] adj Jewish musaýy jar banka ['banka] n jar, tin, can Tomusda uly il milleti musaýy medeniýeti; ýewreý 2 adj Jewish gök-önüm bilen banka ýapýar. In the summer ýewreý aýaly Jewish woman everyone cans fruit and vegetables. [especially Jew's_harp gopuz n Jew's harp gopuz çalmak to tomatoes, cucumbers, and fruit] play a jew's harp (sem. domains: 4.2.3 - Music.) jaundice sary getirme (comp. of sary1) jaundice, Jeyhun Jeýhun cf: Amyderýa. Jeyhun (river) icterus (sem. domains: Med - Medical.) Jeýhun derýasy baharda joşup akýar. The River jaw äň n jaw Jeyhun flows strongly in Spring. jealous gabanjaň [ga:banjaň] adj jealous jockey çapyksuwar [çapyksuwa:r] n jockey, rider gabanjaň bolmak to be jealous gabanjaň aýal join gapyşmak v to join, link up, contact Meniň jealous woman; gabanmak [ga:banmak] v to ýadawlykdan gözlerim gapyşýar. I can hardly be jealous keep my eyes open.; gatlyşmak 1 v to join jealousy gabanjaňlyk [ga:banjaňlyk] n jealousy topara gatlyşmak to join the group kerwene gabanjaňlyk duýgusy feeling of jealousy gatlyşmak to join the caravan; girmek 2 gabanjaňlyk bilen with jealousy gabanjaňlyk [gi:rmek] cf: girişmek. v to join partiýa giňişlik etmek to be jealous to join a party partiýa girmek to join the (political) party işe girmek to take a job, go to Jennet jennet 2 n Jennet - a girl's name Jennet work comp. düýşe girmek comp. jan girmek Uniwersitetde okaýar. Jennet studies at the comp. sana girmek ; goşulmak 3 v to join Ol University. gürrüňe goşuldy. He joined the conversation.; Jew ýehudy Jew; ýewreý 1 n Jew {person} sepleşdirmek v to join together; ýazylmak2 3 jewel jöwher 1 n precious stone, jewel Meniň v to join okalga ýazylmak to join a library enemiň jöwher ýüzügi bardy. My grandmother kružoga ýazylmak to join a club Judaism mysapyrlyk [mysa:pyrlyk] adv Judaism joined birikdirilmek v to be joined, be united, be judge kazy [ka:zy] cf: sudýa. n Muslim judge baş combined kazy chief judge kazynyň kömekçileri (two- joiner ussahana 3 [ussaha:na] n joiner, member) jury, the helpers; sudýa [sud'ýa] cf: carpenter, timber yard Agaç ussahanasyna kazy. n judge baramda ussaň agaçdan ýasan zatlaryny görip judgement magşar n Day of Judgement magşar aňk bolypdyrn. güni Day of Judgement {religious} joining birikme 1 n joining, junction, jug golça n jug, pitcher; kündük n jug öňki combination, compound harby birikme döwürlerde el ýuwmak üçin kündük ulanylypdyr joint bogun n joint Aýal doganymyň bogunlary in ancient times people used a jug to wash their agyransoň, her ýyl özini bejertmeli bolýar. Häzirki hands; küýze 1 n jug gor küýze a large jug bir döwürde bogun agyrsyny bejerýan ýaglar we küýze süýt a jug of milk {Brit} dermanlaryň her dürlisi bar. Mollagara juice suw 2 n juice, soft drink alma suwy apply sanatoriýasynda bogun agyrly adamlary gyzgyn juice comp. suw çüwdürümy comp. suw ýaly palçyk bilen bejerýarler. comp. bogny ysmazlyk (geplemek) ; şire [şi:re] n juice, (poppy) sap comp. bogun agyrysy July iýul [i'ýul] n July Iýul aýy örän yssy aý. July jointly arkalaşykly adv jointly is ýery hot month. joke degişme n joke; degişmek v to joke, tease, jump bökmek v to jump up and down, to buck crack a joke, wind someone up {colloq}; oýun Ýüp bokmegi birinji klasda öwrenipdim. Ýabyň 3 n play, show, performance comp. başyna gyrasynda gurbagalar böküşip ýörler. Bökmesem oýun getirmek agaçdaky alma elim ýetenok.; zyňmak 4 v to joker oýunçy 3 n joker, comedian Ol bir oýunçy jump Ol ikinji gatdan özüni zyňdy. He jumped oglan eken. He seems to be a bit of a joker. from the second floor. comp. telpegiňi göge zyňmak jokiness wäşilik cf: ýumor. n jokiness wäşilik etmek Ol wäşilige salyp, garşydaşynyň gaharyna jump_into topulmak 1 v to jump into, to throw üns bermedi. oneself into journalist gazetçi 1 n journalist, newsman, June iýun cf: Oguz. n June Iýun aýynda pressman çaphanada gazetçi bolup işlemek to mekdepde ekzamenler başlanýar. The work in press as a newsman; žurnalist examinations start in June at school.; Oguz cf: [žurna'list] n journalist Geçen hepde Aşgabatda iýun. n June daşary ýurt žurnalistleri bilen duşuşyk bolddy. jungle jeňňel n jungle, shrubbery, forest, woods, Last week there was a meeting with foreighn wilderness Türkmenistanda jeňňel az. There isn't journalists in Ashgabat. much jungle in Turkmenistan. journey syýahat [syýa:hat] n journey, trip, junior kiçi 3 adj junior kiçi leýtenant second excursion, expedition; voyage, cruise {by sea} lieutenant {anatomy} joy begenç 1 n joy, gladness Joram Angliýa juniper arça n juniper (bush, tree) comp. täze ýyl gidende gynanjagymy ýa-da begenjegimi bilmedim. arçasy When my friend went to England I didn't know juridical ýuridik adj juridical, legal; juristical whether to be sad or to rejoice.; şatlyk ýuridik fakultet faculty/department of law [şa:tlyk] n joy, happiness, gladness ýuridik ylym science of law, jurisprudence joyful hoşnut adj merry, joyful, happy just adalatly [ada:latly] adj just, fair; ýaňyja cf: joyfully şatlykly [şa:tlykly] adv joyfully, gladly ýaňy. adv just ol ýaňyja jaň etdi he has just rung adyllyk adv justice just_for_the_sake_of_it ýöne2 2 [ýö:ne] adj justify ödemek 2 [ö:demek] v to justify tamany without reason, just for the sake (of), for ödemek to justify hopes ynamy ödemek to nothing Ol ýöne gitdi. He went there just for the deserve smb's confidence/trust; ýuwmak 2 cf: sake of it. ýuwunmak. v to justify "Yalňyşlyk" diýen bolup just_one ýekeje adj just one, alone sen ony ýuwjak bolma! Don't say "It was just a mistake" and try to justify him! Ol öz günäsini just_then onýança [onýa:nça] adj at that gany bilen ýuwdy. To earn one's freedom by moment, just then Jaň kakyldy, onýança one's blood being shed. [in order to gain mugallym klasa girdi. The teacher entered the freedom from prison, must fight in a war and class at the (precise) moment when the bell either win or have a bullet wound right to the rang. bone] justice adalat [ada:lat] n justice, fairness; adalatlylyk [ada:latlylyk] n justice, fairness;

K k

Karakalpak garagalpak adj Karakalpak remember maşgalany saklamak to keep a family; garagalpak aýaly Karakalpak woman garagalpak ýöretmek 2 cf: ýöremek. v to keep gündelik halky the karakalpak people garagalpak dili the ýöretmek to keep a diary comp. pikir ýöretmek Karakalpak language (sem. domains: 4.1.2 - keep_doing dur 3 [du:r] [du:r] (comp. of Types of people.) durmak) aux. v keep_doing Ol garaşyp dur. He Kazakh gazak 2 adj Kazakh Men gazak I am a is waiting. Gelip dur! Come again! Suw akyp Kazakh. gazak aýal a Kazakh woman (sem. dur. wateri is flowing/running. Öňde möhüm domains: 4.1.2 - Types of people.) wezipeler dur. There are important jobs before Kazakhstan Gazagystan [Gazagysta:n] n us. Daşarda ýagyş ýagyp dur. It rains outside. Kazakhstan (sem. domains: 9.7.2.1 - Names of Kir ýuwyjy maşyn işläp dur. Washing machine is countries.) working. Maşyn swetoforyň ýaşyl çyrasyna kebab kebap [keba:p] n kebab Türkmenler goýnuň garaşyp dur. The car is waiting for green light etinden kebap bişirýärler. Turkmen cook lamb on the traffic light. Yşygyň öňünde dur. He is kebabs.; lüle kebap [lülekeba:p] n kebab made standing under light. Ol aýak üstünde dur. He is from minced lamb or beef Kakam meniň doglan standing on foot. Men dura-dura ýadadym! I am günümde lüle kebap bişirdi. My father cooked very tired by standing for a long time.. arka kebab in my birthday. durmak to be on smb's side or to protect smb keen gyzmak 2 v to be carried away, be keen keep_going gidibermek v to go ahead, keep (on) oýna gyzmak to be carried away the play going keep goýmak 2 v to keep, retain, reserve, leave keepsake ýadygär 1 [ýa:dygär] n keepsake, gyşa goýmak to keep/reserve for the winter remembrance ýadygär bermek to give as a comp. at goýmak comp. gadam goýmak ; keepsake; ýadygärlik 1 [ýa:dygärlik] n as a saklamak 2 v to take care of, keep saglygy keepsake, in order to remember ýadygärlik saklamak to take care of one's health gizlin kitap bermek to give somebody a book as a saklamak to keep in secret ýatda saklamak to keepsake Kemal kemal 2 [kema:l] n Kemal - a boy's name adamlaryna: "Ýesir edilip getirilenleriň janyny Kemal mekdebi gutaryp öýlendi. Kemal got jähenneme iberiň" diýip buýruk berdi. Khan married after he finished school. comp. kemala commanded his people: "Kill the prisoners."; gelmek comp. kemala getirmek kesmek 2 v to kill goýun kesmek to slaughter a kernel maňyz 1 n kernel; core hozuň maňzy sheep comp. ýol kesmek ; öldürmek 1 v to kill, kernel of a nut comp. maňza batmak murder Çopan möjegi öldürmändi, möjek her gün bir guzyny alar gider oturardy. The shepherd kerosene kerosin cf: nebit ýagy, nepýag. n didn't kill the wolf, so the wolf used to kill a kerosene, kerosine Biziň ýurdumyzda kerosin lamb each day.; ömrüni üzmek (comp. of mugt. Kerosine is free of charge in our country.; üzmek) to kill Kakamy tok urup,bäş ýyl mundan nebit ýagy (comp. of nebit1) kerosene ozal ömrüni üzdi.; ýoklamak 2 [ýo:klamak] v to key açar 1 n key gulpuň açary padlock key dil wipe out, kill, annihilate; to get rid of ýüregiň açary the tongue is the key to the kill_unjustly nähak gan dökmek (comp. of heart/soul nähak) to kill someone unjustly Siz nähak gan keyboard klawiatura 1 n keyboard biz dökdüňiz. You have shed blood without having klawiaturada tekst ýazdyk we wrote a text on a the right to do so. keyboard kilogram kilogram n kilogram bäş kilogram şeker Keyik keýik 2 n Keyik - a girl's name Keýik five kilogram of sugar Bir kilosy näçeden? How joralary bilen toýa gitdi Keyik went to the much is one kilogram? wedding with her friends. kilometre kilometr [kilo'metr] n kilometre alty Khan han 2 [ha:n] n Khan - the supreme ruler of kilometr six kilometres Ýangyn tokaýyň 40000 the Turkish, Tartar, and Mongol tribes, the kwadrat kilometrden gowragyny ýandyrypdyr. emperor of China in the Middle Ages {hist} The fire destroyed some 40000 square khanate hanlyk 2 [ha:nlyk] n khanate kilometres of forest. (historical) kin howandar 1 [howanda:r] n kin, close relative Khorezm Horezm n Khorezm People's Soviet kind açyk (güler) ýüzli (comp. of ýüz2) kind, Republic good-natured, genial; hoşniýetli adj kind, kind kick depgi n kick güýçli depgi hard kick; depmek hearted, showing willing, well-intentioned, 1 v to kick Garawul tussagy depdi. The guard benevolent; mähirli adj kind, loving mähirli kicked the prisoner. say. Eşek semrese, eýesini bolmak be kind, be loving; mylakatly deper [myla:katly] adj kind, affectionate, tender, kid owlak n kid owlak mäleýär. A kid bleats. sweet mylakatly ene mylakatly çaga affectionate {young goat} child mylakatly sözler endearing words kidneys böwrek n kidneys Böwregim agyryp mylakatly garaýyş tender look mylakatly bolmak başlany bäri, men düýe ýüňinden guşak to be polite/friendly mylakatly gürleşmek to guşanýaryn. Gyşga böwregimi sowukladyp speak to somebody friendly/politely; ýyly 2 adj keselhana düşdim. (sem. domains: 2.1 - Body.) kind, warm ýyly sözler kind words {person} kill eli gana bulamak (comp. of el) to kill kind_of birhili 1 [birhi:li] adj a kind of, somebody Adam öldürüp elini gana bulady. He something like; strange kind of, unusual sort of killed someone.; gan almak 2 (comp. of gan) kindergarten çagalar bagy (comp. of bag) to shed blood, kill; gan dökmek (gan) v to kindergarten, nursery school; ýasli ['ýasli] n shed blood, kill; janyny jähenneme ibermek nursery school, kindergarten (comp. of jähennem) v to kill, murder Han kindle tutaşdyrmak v to kindle satyn alan komplekt eşiklerini geýipdir. she was kindness adamkärçilik [a:damkärçilik] n wearing an outfit she had bought the previous kindness, humane treatment [the way someone day. treats someone else, the way human beings kite batbörek n kite treat one another]; merhemet n kindness, kitten pişijek n kitten graciousness merhemet ediň! be so kind!, be so knead ýugurmak v to knead hamyr ýugurmak to good! merhemet etmek to be kind to; mähir n knead dough kindness, love mähir bilen seretmek to look at knee dyz [dy:z] n knee dyzyňy owkalamak someone with love mähir bilen garamak to look massage your knee. dyza çökmek to bow down at somebody with love comp. mähir mährinden dyz epmek to kneel Şu gün dyzymy epmän uzak gandy ; oňatlyk 2 n kindness, goodness, good gün işledim. Today I worked very hard without ondan oňatlyk tama etme no good wil come of sitting for quite a while. dyz ýazmak to have a him oňatlyk bilen peacefully, in an rest Işden ýadansyňyz biraz dyzyňyzy ýazaýyň. amicable/friendly way You must be tired from working, take a rest. king patyşa [pa:tyşa:] cf: şa. n king, shah patyşa Maňa durmuşa çykmagyňy haýyş edip,men aýal queen; king's wife patyşa gyz princess; dyzyma çökýärin. I kneel before you to ask your king's daughter; şa [şa:] cf: patyşa. n king, hand in marriage. Şepagat uýasy hassaň dyz shah {abbr} daňysyny täzeledi. The nurse changed the knee kingdom patyşalyk [pa:tyşa:lyk] n kingdom, bandage of the patient. (sem. domains: 2.1 - reign, realm patyşalyk etmek to reign; to rule; Body.) şalyk [şa:lyk] n kingdom kneecap dyzçanak [dy:zça:nak] n kneecap, kinship garyndaşlyk n relationship, kindred, patella {anatomy} kinship garyndaşlyk aragatnaşygy ties of knife pyçak n knife kütek pyçak blunt knife ýiti relationship/blood garyndaşlykda bolmak to be pyçak sharp knife Kim çöregi pyçak bilen kesse, related (to) gandüşer garyndaşlyk blood Allatagala onuň rysgyny kesermiş. Whoever cuts relationship garyndaşlyk gatnaşygy the his bread with a knife, God will cut off his fate. relationship of relatives; hossarlyk 1 knit örmek3 1 [ö:rmek] v to knit ellik örmek to [ho:ssa:rlyk] n kinship, relationship knit gloves kiosk kiosk [ki'osk] n kiosk, booth gazet satylýan knock şakyrdatmak v to knock kiosk newspaper booth, news-stall, news-stand knot çigin n knot çigin düşmek to be tied, to be kitap kiosky bookstall 1 knotted çigni çözmek to undo a knot çigin etmek kiss ogşamak1 cf: ogşaşmak. kiss; ogşamak3 v to to knot; çigmek 1 v to knot, tie/make a knot kiss çagany ogşamak to kiss a baby dodagyndan ýüpi çigmek to knot the rope; düwmek 1 v to ogşamak to kiss on the lips ýaňagyndan ogşamak knot, tie up (the ends of), pack up, bind up to kiss on the cheek; ogşaşmak cf: ogşamak1. ýüpüň ujuny düwmek to knot the end of rope v to kiss (one another); öpmek [ö:pmek] v to Monjuk düzmek üçin ilki ýüplügiň ujyny düwmeli. kiss, give a kiss dodagyndan öpmek to kiss on To sew on a button you must first make a knot the lips, kiss on the mouth ýaňagyndan öpmek in the end of the thread. Toý däbinde gelin to kiss on the cheek oglanyň guşagynda düwülen düwünleri çöşlemeli. kit enjam 2 [enja:m] cf: apparat. n kit, gear According to wedding tradition the bride must syýahat gitmegiň enjamny etmek to get together untie the knot of the groom's belt. comp. Men what you need for a trip; komplekt cf: ýüregime düwdüm. ; düwülmek v be knotted, jemlemek. n complete set, kit, outfit ol öňňün be tied in a knot Sapagyň ujy berk düwülenden finger on the pulse. Habarym ýok. I don't know soň monjuklar dökülmeýär. When knots are tied anything about it. comp. habar gatmak ; ylym well beads do not fall off. Düwülen düwüni 3 n knowledge; ylym-bilim 1 n knowledge çözmek kyn. It is difficult to untie the knot. knowledgeable ökde 1 adj knowledgeable ökde Gitjek myhmanlaryň dünçekleri düwüldi. Things mugallym knowledgeable teacher comp. ökde of the leaving guests are prepared. ???? çykmak (gelmek) Gezelenje gitmek üçin goşlar düwüldi. Things are known bileni-biteni adv all that he has ever knotted to go for a walk.?????; düwün 1 n knot known, all that he knows Seniň bileniň-biteniň düwün düwmek to knot düwni çözmek to undo a aýdym. The only song you know. Goňşymyzyň knot ýüpdäki düwün knot in the rope agajyň bileni-biteni melleginde gül ekmek. To plant düwni knot of the tree Agajyň sütüninde düwün flowers in the only land our neighbour has ever bar. There is knot on the trunk of tree. owned. ýüregiňde düwün galmak to be offended Agyr söz kopeck köpük n kopeck, penny, farthing bilen adamyň göwnine degseň ýüreginde düwün köpükmeköpük exactly iň soňky köpügine çenli to galýar. If you say heaýy word, it makes person the last farthing Ol iň soňky köpügine çenli harç be offended. etdi. She spent her last farthing. know bilmek 1 cf: bilgin. v to know (be aware); Kopetdag Köpetdag Kopetdag mountains to know by heart Men Mary şäherini gowy Köpetdag dagy Aşgabadyň günortasynda bilýärin, sebäbi köp wagtdan bäri ýaşap ýörün. I ýerleşýär. The Kopetdag mountains are located know Mary city very well, because I have lived to the South of Ashgabat. (sem. domains: there for a long time. Men kasam bilen gimni 9.7.2.1 - Names of countries.) ýatdan bilýärin. I know the national oath and Kurd kürt 1 n Kurd national anthem by heart. comp. bilip goýmak Kurdish kürt 2 adj Kurdish kürt dili the Kurdish know_this bilgin cf: bilmek. v know this şuny language bilgin know this Kusht küşt n Kusht küşt akylyň we paýhasyň knowledge bilim 1 [bilim] n knowledge bilim oýnudyr. kusht is the game of wisdom and mind almak to learn bilim bermek to teach Çagalaryň comp. küşt depdi bilimini barlamak üçin mugallym şu gün klasda barlag işini geçirdi. The teacher set a test today Kyrgystan Gyrgyzystan [Gyrgyzysta:n] n to test the children's knowledge. bilim almak ; Kyrgystan (sem. domains: 9.7.2.1 - Names of habar 2 cf: informasiýa. n inside/intimate countries.) knowledge, inside information Onuň habary bar Kyrgyz gyrgyz 2 adj Kyrgyz men gyrgyz I am a He is in touch (with the situation).; He has his Kyrgyz gyrgyz dili Kyrgyz, the Kyrgyz language (sem. domains: 4.1.2 - Types of people.)

L l label ýarlyk [ýar'lyk] n label, tag labour zähmet 2 n work, labour; labour fiziki laborious agyr 2 adj laborious Kömür gazmak zähmet manual labour zähmet kodeksi Labour örän agyr iş. Digging coal is very laborious Code zähmet kollektiwi team {physical} comp. work. Çekseň zähmet, ýagar rähnet. comp. zähmet pälwany comp. zähmet soňy rähnet. labourer zähmetkeş 1 n worker, labourer oba susak n ladle, large spoon hojalygynyň zähmetkeşleri agricultural labourers lady hanym 1 [ha:nym] n lady (polite form of lace bag 4 [ba:g] n lace, string bag çykmak Ýaz address) paslynda miweli baglar, ak güllere batyp otyrlar. ladybird okaraňy getir süýt bereýin (comp. of In the Spring fruit trees produce white flowers. okara) ladybird (sem. domains: 1.6 - Animal.) Mekdepde ýowar bolanda okywçylar bag hem lady-in-waiting keniz n lady-in-waiting, servants ekdiler. In schools, when it was time for of the queen and princesses Saranyň kenizi voluntary labour the school children planted an Hajardan Ysmaýyl doglupdyr. Sarah's servant orchard. botanika bagy botanical garden Hagar gave birth to Ishmael. Joralarym bilen seýil baga çykdym. I went to the lake köl [kö:l] n lake, reservoir sarygamyş köli park with my friends. Şäheriň merkezi bagynda, Daşoguzda ýerleşýär sarygamysh lake is located dynç alyş güni halk üçin aýdym-saz berilýär. On in Dashoguz velayat Sunday music is provided for the people at the lale läle n lale läle aýtmak to sing the lale [a central park. baga çykmak to climb a tree Şu ýyl Turkmen folk song] biziň bagymyz, köp hasyl berdi. This year our orchard provided much fruit.; tree Ýaz lamb guzy n lamb pasylynyň başynda, baglara dökün berilýär. At lame agsak n lame say. Süri agsaksyz bolmaz ; the start of the Spring season, the trees are keýtik adj lame, limping keýtik adam lame man manured. Ýöleten şäherinde bäş sany çagalar Jennet daýza keýtikläp öýüne gitdi. Aunt Jane bagy bar. Çagalar üçin, çagalar bagy gerekli, ol went home limping ýerde tertip düzgüni öwrenýärler. For children, lament agy 3 [a:gy] n lament, song sung when nursery schools are necessary. There they teach sad or in mourning comp. ýürek agysy ; nalyş them order and discipline. comp. çagalar bagy 1 [na:lyş] n wail, lament comp. nalyş çekmek Lachyn laçyn 3 [la:çyn] n Lachyn (girls name) comp. nalyş etmek ; nalyş etmek (comp. of Laçyn meşhur aýdymçy gyz. Lachyn is well- nalyş) to lament known singer. lamp çyra cf: lampa. n lamp, light, torch asma lack ýokluk 1 [ýo:kluk] n absence, lack wagtyň çyra el çyrasy; lampa ['lampa] cf: çyra. n lamp, ýoklugy lack of time puluň ýoklugy lack of bulb elektrik lampasy electric bulb money meniň ýoklugymda in my absence comp. land gonmak v to land; mekan 1 [meka:n] cf: ýokluk forma mesgen. n land, (home) country; area, territory lack_of_learning garaňkylyk 2 n spiritual comp. belli bir mekany ýok ; toprak 2 n land, darkness, lack of learning döwrüň garaňkylygy country, earth ene toprak mother earth; ýer 4 n hem nadanlygy this age's darkness and stupidity land, territory, region tutýan ýeri territory lacking mahrum [mahru:m] adj lacking (in), comp. ýer almasy comp. ýer hoz comp. ýer devoid (of), deprived (of) mahrum etmek to tudana comp. ýerine comp. ýerine ýetirmek deprive (of) mahrum bolmak to lose, be landlady bike [bi:ke] n landlady, mistress (of the deprived (of) gözden mahrum bolmak to lose house) bikesine äsgermezlik etmek to show one's sight contempt for one's landlady, to disrespect the lad jigit 1 n lad, young man [in the sense of 'the mistress lads'] landless ýersiz adj landless, migrant workers, ladle kepgir n ladle, flat scraper for pilaff, refugees ýersiz, öýsuz, işsiz without land, home, perforated spoon Biz bazardan täze kepgir satyn or work aldyk. We bought a new ladle at the market.; language dil1 2 n language, tongue türkmen dili ýogyn 2 [ýogy:n] adj large, stout ýogyn içege the Turkmen language Terjimeçi bolup işlemek large intestine {person}

üçin dil bilmeli. To work as interpreter you must lash sapak1 2 n lash (of a plant) garpyz sapagy know a language. Joram ene dilinden başka bäş lash of a water-melon; saýgylamak sany daşary ýurt dillerini bilýär. My friend knows [sa:ýgylamak] v to lash, switch, whip aty five languages beside her mother tongue. ene saýgylamak to whip a horse çeýwuk bilen ýüň dili mother tongue dil möhüm aragatnaşyk saýgylamak [whipping wool when preparing it serişdesi language is a vital medium for to be made into thread] communication Türkmen dili Turkmen language last çekmek1 5 [çekmek] v to last, to continue for çet ýurt dilleri foreign languages dil bilimi a certain time Nahar taýarlamak uzaga çekdi. language education edebi dil literary language comp. ah çekmek comp. ahmyr çekmek comp. ylmy dil scientific language gazet dili newspaper aýak çekmek comp. ejir çekmek comp. el language Jurnalistikada okaýan talyplara çekmek comp. gam çekmek comp. hasrat metbugat dilini öwredýärler. Students of çekmek comp. hor çekmek comp. jeza çekmek journalism are taught newspaper comp. keýp çekmek comp. kynçylyk çekmek language/style. comp. begin to speak, learn to comp. nala çekmek comp. ýüzüne atanak speak comp. dil aýratynlyklary comp. dil çekmek comp. zähmet çekmek comp. zyýan birikdirmek comp. dil bitmek comp. dil çekmek ; çetki adj last Iň çetki jaýa baryň. Go to çolaşmak comp. dil haty comp. dil öwrenmek the last house.; dowam etmek (dowam) v to comp. dil öwrülmezlik comp. dil tutulmak last Konferensiýa iki sagatlap dowam etdi. The comp. dil ujundan comp. dil ýarmak comp. dil conference lasted two hours Gürrüňimizi çaý ýetirmek comp. dil ýygnamak comp. dilden- başynda dowam ederis. We’ll continue our agyzdan gal comp. dilden-dile comp. dile baý speech on tea time. Tolkun heniz hem dowam comp. dile düşgür comp. dile garyp comp. dile- edýär. The wave is still going. Iş saparymyz bäş agza düşmek comp. dili agyr comp. dili günläp dowam etdi. Our business trip lasted five barmazlyk comp. dili gysgalyk comp. dili süýji days. Toý uzak gije dowam etdi. The wedding comp. dili ýuwutmak comp. dilim aýlananok party lasted the whole night.; geçen adj last, comp. diliňden sypdyrmak past geçen hepde last week geçen ýyl last year lantern panus [pa:nus] n lantern, lamp geçen zaman past tense {grammar}; öten 1 adj lapse_into_silence dilden-agyzdan gal (comp. of last öten ýyl last year öten agşam last night

dil1) v lapse into silence before death Syrkawyň {time} ýagdaýy peselip dilden-agyzdan galdy. The last/final ahyrky [a:hyrky] adv last/final condition of the sick person deteriorated and last_rites iman 2 [i:ma:n] n last rites iman bermek he lapsed into silence. to give absolution; keleme n last rites kelemäňi large goçak 2 adj large, huge goçak garpyz huge çöwürmek to read one's last rites Musulmanlar water-melon ; uly 1 adj large, big, considerable ölmezinden öň kelemesini çöwürmeli diýýärler. say. Myhman ataňdan uly say. Myhman They say Muslims should read the last rites ataňdan uly comp. ula gitmek (ýaryşda iň uly before they die. baýraga gatnaşmak) comp. ula tutmak (göreşde lasting möhletli adj lasting for a limited time, in atly pälwan bilen çykmak) comp. uly geplemek certain period üç aýlyk möhletli okuw studies (öwünmek) comp. uly gepli (öwünjeň) comp. lasting for three months uly-kiçi comp. uly-kiçiräk (dürli göwrümli) late giç [gi:ç] adj late giç agşam late at night gijä comp. ulydan dem almak comp. ulydan-kiçä ; galmak to be late Biz otlynyň ugraýan watyndan giç geldik. we came late from them time of train lawyer kanunçy 1 [ka:nu:nçy] n lawyer, jurist go. giç turmak to get up late comp. giç ýagşy Meniň kakam kanunçy bolup işleýär. My father say. Hiçden giç ýagşy ; giçki [gi:çki] adj late works as lawyer. giçki güller late flowers giçki hasyl late harvest; lay düşemek 2 v to lay parket düşemek to lay merhum 2 [merhu:m] adj the late merhum parquet flooring Ussalar otaga parket düşediler. şahyr the late poet The craftsmen laid parquet flooring in the lately soňky düwürde (comp. of soňky) lately room. ; guzlamak 2 v to lay Towuk ýumurtga later soňrak later, afterwards, a little late guzlady. The hen has laid an egg. Bu towuk gowy guzlaýar. This hen is a good layer. {hen}; latest soňky adj latest, last, most recent comp. örüm 2 [ö:rüm] n lay, laying kerpijiň örümi lay soňky düwürde of a brick; bricklaying Latin latyn ['latyn] adj Latin latyn elipbiýi Latin layer gat 2 n layer, stratum on gat belent jaý ten alphabet floor high house; gatlak 1 n layer kömür Latinise latynlaşdyrmak v to Latinise gatlagy layer of coal hek gatlagy; perwaz latynlaşdyrylan iňlis elipbiýi Latinised English [perwa:z] n layer between logs in a house alphabet comp. perwaz urmak laugh gülmek v to laugh, mock, laugh at Meret laziness ýaltalyk n laziness, idleness, indolence onuň üstünden güldi. Meret laughed at him.; ýaltalyk duümak to feel lazy (to do. something) gülüşmek v to laugh (with someone), laugh lazy bigäne [bi:gäne] n lazy, without work; ýalta together n lazy person, lazy-bones ýalta bolmak to be laughter gülki 1 n laughter, laugh Meniň gülki lazy ýadyma düşenok. I am in no mood for laughter. lead girizmek 1 [gi:rizmek] v to lead someone launch uçurmak 1 v to launch Raketany uçurmak (in, into) jaýa girizmek to lead someone into a üçin starta goýup, ondan sanap başladylar. comp. room Üşän çagalary jaýa girizmeli. to lead başyňdan huşuny uçurmak comp. neşesini children into a room who were cold. comp. uçurmak comp. söz uçurmak teklip girizmek ; gurşun n lead comp. gulagyňa laundery kir 2 n laundery, dirty clothes kir gurşun guýlan ýaly bolmak ýuwmak to wash the clothes kir ýuwýan maşyn leader baştutan n leader Maşgalamyzda kakam washing machine (sem. domains: 5.6.4 - Wash baştutan bolup, hemmämize gowy maslahatlary clothes.) berýär. In our family my father gives good law hukuk 1 [huku:k] n law raýat hukugy civil advice to us all as a leader.; serdar [serda:r] n law hukuk öwrenmek to study law comp. hak- leader, (tribal) chief, commander; ýolbaşçy 1 hukuk ; kanun [ka:nu:n] n law, statute [ýo:lbaşçy] cf: direktor. n leader kanunlar ýygyndysy code, statute book kanuna leadership baştutanlyk n leadership Prezidentiň laýyk legal kanundan daşary outside the law baştutanlygy bilen, Türkmenistan uly ösüşlere kanun çykaryjy legislator, lawgiver bütindünýä ýetýär. Under the president's leadership, dartylma kanuny law of gravity (sem. domains: Turkmenistan is really moving forward.; 1 - Universe, creation, 1.2 - World.) öňbaşçylyk n leadership, guidance; lawful halal 1 [hala:l] adj according to Islamic ýolbaşçylyk [ýo:lbaşçylyk] n leadership, law halal et meat which can be lawfully eaten guidance ýolbaşçylygynda under the (according to Islamic law); kanunçy 2 leadership/guidance (of) ýolbaşçylyk etmek to [ka:nu:nçy] adj lawful Nemesler örän kanunçy lead, be in charge (of), be at the head (of) halk. Germans are very law-abiding people. leaf ýaprak 1 n leaf leaving? comp. göwünden turmak ; ugramak v lean çepiksi adj lean, meagre çepiksi gyz slim girl; to leave on a journey, to go; to go; to leave daýanmak 1 v to lean (on/against), rest Myhmanlar ugramakçy bolsalar toý serpaýyny (against) hasa daýanmak to lean on the staff; beriň. Men çörek almak üçin çörek dukana söýenmek v to lean on, lean against; ýagsyz ugraýynmy? Oglanlar balyk tutmak üçin köle [ýa:gsyz] adj lean ýagsyz et lean meat; tarap ugradylar. Mary - Aşgabat aralykdaky ýaplanmak v to lean, rest (against) gapa gatnaýan awtobus on minutdan ugraýar. ýaplanyp dyrmak to lean against a door Günörtanky yssa galmaňkak oýe ugramaly. Guşga tarap ugraýan otla zordan ýetişdim. Biz deňize iki learn bilmek 2 cf: bilgin. v to learn Sapagy oňat hepdelik dynç almak üçin ýene iki günden ugrarys. bilmek üçin agşam öwrenip geldim. I learnt the Men ugraýyn, sagat ikide ýygnagym bar.; zähmet lesson last night then came to school. comp. rugsady n leave, holiday bilip goýmak ; öwrenmek 1 v to learn okamagy öwrenmek to learn to read Men Türkmen dilini leaven hamyrmaýa [hamy:rma:ýa] n fermented öwrenýarin. I'm learning Turkmen. comp. dough, sour dough, leaven ýaman öwrenmek lecture leksiýa ['leksiýa] n lecture leksiýa learned alym 4 [a:lym] adj learned alym adam gatnaşmak to attend lectures leksiýa okamak to learned person say. Alym bolmak aňsat, adam give a lecture bolmak kyn ledge kemer 2 n ledge dagyň kemeri ledge of a lease kärende n lease kärendesine almak to lease, mountain to take on lease, to rent kärendesine bermek to lee yk [y:k] adv lee lease, to grant on lease, to rent kärende tölegi left çep adj left çepe left, to the left çepe öwrül

rent, rental turn left çep el left hand comp. çepde ; sol2 leather gaýyş n leather gaýyş palto leather coat [so:l] n left gaýyş penjek leather suit gaýyş harytlar leather leftovers sarkyndy n leftovers goods gaýyş eýleýän zawod tannery gaýyş kemer leg aýak 1 cf: tormoz. n leg Haýwanlar dört leather belt gaýyş kemer bilen daňma Do not tie aýakda gezýärler. Animals walk on four legs. with a leather belt {colloq}; gön [gö:n] n otugryjyň aýagy örän berk the stool legs are very leather gön zawody leather factory ýumşak gön sturdy {from the bottom of your torso to your soft leather; ham1 2 [ha:m] n leather hamdan toes} comp. aýaga düşmek comp. Aýagyny bas! edilen made of leather comp. aýagyňy kesmek comp. aýak bagy leave çykmak 1 v to leave, go out, pop out Ol bolmak comp. aýak çekmek comp. aýak jaýdan çykdy. He left his house. öýden çykmak diremek comp. aýak goşmak comp. aýak to go out of the house gezelenje çykmak to go ýoluna çykmak out for a walk comp. aradan çykan bolup legacy miras 2 [mi:ra:s] n legacy; Magtymgulynyň çykmak comp. ýatdan çykmak ; depmek 4 v to edebi mirasy Magtumguly's literary heritage ata- race off, leave suddenly say. Eşek semrese, babalaryň miras

eýesini deper ; galdyrmak2 1 [ga:ldyrmak] v to legal halal-haram 1 [hala:l-hara:m] cf: haram. n leave çagalary öýde galdyrmak to leave the legal and illegal, allowed and forbidden halal- children at home Men kitaby öýde galdyrdym. I haramy saýgaryp bilenok. He is not able to left the book at home. açary öýde galdyrmak to differentiate between what is allowed and what leave the key at home comp. haýran galdyrmak is forbidden.; kanuny 1 [ka:nu:ny] adj legal, comp. täsir galdyrmak ; turmak 3 cf: durmak. lawful kanuny güýji bar bolan valid kanuny v to leave, get up to go Turduňmy? Are you esasda on legal grounds kanuny nika lawful less azrak [a:zra:k] less Myhmanlar azrak oturyp matrimony gitdiler. The few guests [who remained] got up legality halallyk 1 [hala:llyk] n permission, and left.

sanction, legality, lawfulness (religion) {fig} lesson sapak2 1 n lesson, class iňlis dili sapagy legend hadys [hady:s] n a legend about The English class/lesson sapak almak to be taught Prophet Mohammed {religious}; rowaýat 1 sapak bermek to teach, give a lesson [rowa:ýat] n legend rowaýata görä according to sapaklaryňy ýerine ýetirmek to do one's lessons the legend goý bu saňa sapak bolsun! let that be a lesson to you! leggings balak n pants, underwear, leggings Mähri seýilgäh bagyna gitmek üçin täze tikdiren let goýberilmek 1 v to be let in içerik goýberilmek balagyny geýdi. Mahri put some newly-sewn to be let in

leggings on to go to the park. [long underwear let_down ýaýmak2 3 v let out, relax saçyny worn by Turkmen ladies] ýaýmak to let one's hair down legs satan n legs let_out çykarmak1 4 v to let (an animal) out Ol lemon limon [li'mon] n lemon Häzirki wagtda myhmany ýyla çykardy. comp. baş çykarmak biziň ýurdumyzda limon baglary köpeldi. At comp. netije çykarmak comp. ýatdan çykarmak present lemon trees are increased in our comp. ýüze çykarmak country. lethargically jansyz 2 [ja:nsyz] adj lethargically, lending karz-kowal (comp. of karz) n lending slowly, limply, inertly jansyz işlemek to work karz almak to lend, borrow Daýym hemme lethargically garyndaşlaryna karz-kowal edip, ogluny letter harp n letter (of the alphabet), script baş öýlendirdi. My uncle organised the marriage of harp first/initial letter setir harpy lower case his son by borrowing from all his relatives. letter uly harp capital letter harp tanamak to be length uzaklyk 2 n length Sapaklarymyzyň able to read, be literate; hat 1 n letter zakazly uzaklygy 45 minut bolsada birinji sapagymyz haty registered letter hat ýazmak to write a derrew gutardy. Çeper filmiň uzaklygy üç sagada letter comp. dil haty comp. hat-pet gatnadýan ; çekdi.; uzynlyk 1 [uzy:nlyk] n length Uzynlyga nama [na:ma] n letter; written agreement, bökmekden men birinji ýeri eýeledim. Bitaraplyk contract nama ýollamak to send a letter aýynyň 21-niň gijesinden başlap gijäň uzynlygy level dereje 1 cf: kategoriýa. n level, degree, kem-kem azalýar. Günüň uzynlygy ýazyň gelmegi standard Onuň aýdýan sözleri bilim derejesini bilen uzaýar. Inli matany uzynlygyna gyrkjak görkezýär. His vocabulary indicates his level of bolyp barmagymy kesdim. Täze elli metr uzynlygy education. Meniň gyzgynym 39 derejä ýetdi. My bolan gämini men öz nusgamda görkezdim. temperature has risen to 39 degrees. sypatlaryň lengthen uzalmak 4 v to lengthen, be prolonged deňeşdirme derejesi the degrees of adjectives Kazyýetiň işleri anyk bilinmedigi sebäpli gaty işlik derejeleri tense of a verb; düzlemek 1 v to uzaldy. The work of the judge was extended flatten, make even, level, smooth out ýoly very much as he didn't know what he was düzlemek to level a road ädimiňi düzlemek to set doing.; uzamak 1 v to lengthen, to grow an even pace Jaý galdyrmak üçin ilki meýdanyny longer, stretch Gyşyň gelmegi bilen gijelerem düzlemeli. In order to build the house the field uzaýar. Öňki joralam bilen ýörän ýollarym ýeke must first be levelled..

barýalygymdanmy göwnime bolmasa uzaýar. liar jögi 2 [jö:gi] n liar, fake; ýalançy1 n liar, comp. high income deceiver baryp ýatan ýalançy compulsive liar librarian kitaphanaçy [kita:pha:naçy] n librarian unemployed my life went downhill. kitaphanaçy bolup işlemek to work as a librarian Dolanyşygyňyz, ýagdaýlaryňyz nähili? How are library kitaphana [kita:pha:na] n library ylmy things?; durmuş 1 cf: öýlenmedik, durmuşa kitaphana scientific library hususy kitaphana çykan, durmuş gurmak, öýlendirmek, personal library kitaphanada işlemek to work at öýlenen, öýlenmek. n life (time of existence), the library lifetime bagtly durmuş happy life agyr durmuş hard life durmuş akymy the flow/river of life lick_lips tamşanmak 1 v to lick one's chops Durmuşyň ajysyny gören süýjüsiniň gadyr- licorice buýan n licorice gymmatyny biler. The one who experiences lid gapak 1 n lid, cover, cap; top, roof çäýnegiň distress in life will know it’s value. Çagalyk gapagy lid of pottle; ýapy 2 n lid, cover 2 döwriň bagtly we şatlykly durmuşyň birisi. lie aldatmak [a:ldatmak] v to lie ; deceive, Childhood is a time of happiness and joy. swindle; aýagyňy ýerden üzmek (comp. of comp. durmuş gurmak comp. it durmuşy ; üzmek) to lie Sen ýalan gepleseňem, aýagyňy güzeran [güzera:n] n life, existence güzeran ýerden üzme; ýalan 1 cf: ýalan-ýaşryk. n lie görmek to live, earn one's living, exist; mydar 2 comp. ýalana çykarmak ; ýatyr [ýaty:r] (comp. [myda:r] n life, existence, life conditions comp. of ýatyrmak) aux. v lying Sen näme üçin aglap bar mydarym comp. mydar etmek ; owkat 2 ýatyrsyň? Why are you crying? {(following [owka:t] n life owkadyň nähili? how is your gerund) marks the continuous mood}; life? {fig}; ömür 1 adj life Ýöne ömrüm şäherde ýatyrmak 2 [ýatyrmak] v to lie, recline It geçdi. But I spent my life in the city. comp. howluda ýatyr. The dog is lying in the ömür boýy ; ýaşaýyş [ýa:şaýyş] n life, way of courtyard. comp. maşyny ýatyrmak comp. life ýaşaýyş şertleri living conditions ýaşaýyş jaý ýatyr accommodation, house, dwelling lie_down gyşarmak 2 [gy:şarmak] v to lie down life_span sal [sa:l] life span Ol ýarym sagatlyk gyşardy. He lay down for half lifeless jansyz 1 [ja:nsyz] adj dead, lifeless, an hour.; ýatmak 1 v to lie down, rest diwanda inanimate, inorganic jansyz tebigat inanimate ýatmak to lie on a sofa gapdalyňa gyşaryp jansyz göwre dead body, corpse; öli 2 adj ýatmak to lie down on one's side Kitap stoluň lifeless Şol gözel görnüşi öli ruhlary-da jana üstünde ýatyr. The book is resting on the table. getirdi. This image of beauty brought lifeless comp. Onuň bagty ýatdy. comp. ýatan çöpi spirits back to life. comp. öliň soragyny galdyrmazlyk comp. Ýatan öküze iým ýok. soramak lie_in_wait peýlemek v to lie in wait lifelong ömür boýy 1 (comp. of boý, ömür) life dirilik [di:rilik] n life dirilik suwy water of life throughout one's life, eternally; ömür boýy 2 Gyzgyn sährada dirilik alamaty ýokdy. There is (comp. of boý, ömür) your entire life Adamzat no sign of life in the hot dessert. Tokaý durmuşyny gowylandyrmak üçin ömür boýy ýangyndan soň gum-gukluk,,janly-jandar ,dirilik zähmet çekýar. Şitilhanada ekilen limonlar ýyl alamatlary ýok ýalydy. After the forest fire it boýy hasyl berýar.; ömürlik 1 adj eternal, was silent as there were no creatures, no signs everlasting, forever, lifelong ...tilkiň ysy ömürlik of life. Selbiniň zähresi ýarylyp ýüzünde dirilik burnunda galar. ...the fox's scent will stay in the alamatlary ýokdy. Selbi was very frightened and [dog's] nose forever. Ýigidem bolup geçen her face was lifeless.; dolanyşyk 3 n life, way wakalardan özüne ömürlik sapak alyp... My boy of life, existence Işsiz galanymdan soň also learned lifelong lessons from past dolanyşygym ýaramaz. After I became experiences ... comp. ömürlik uka gitmek comp. ömürlik ýoldaş göwnüme ýaraýar. I'm very fond of it. lift götermek 1 v to lift (sth. off the ground), pick like_minded pikirdeş n like-minded person, up comp. baş göter person of like mind, person holding the same lifted galdyrylmak 1 v to be lifted, be taken up views light açyk 3 adj light açyk mele light brown açyk like_that beýle 1 adj that, like that, in that way

gyzyl pink {colour} comp. açyk ýüzli ; çakmak1 Beýle çap edilenok... You don't type like that... 2 v to light şänik çakmak to light a candle Beýle gadymy türkmen halysyny entek göremok. I kükürt çakmak to light a match; yşyk 1 n light haven't yet seen a Turkmen rug as old as that. Yşyksyz, telefonsyz öý ýolmasyn. May there be comp. bir eýlesine, bir beýlesine geçmek ; no house without light or a telephone.; ýagty 1 şeýlelikde conjunction in this way n light, radiance ýagty saçmak to shine günüň liken meňzetmek v to liken, consider ýagtysy sunlight çyranyň ýagtysy electric light smth/somebody like, compare men ony saňa aýyň ýagtysyna by moonlight Gün ýagty saçýar. meňzetdim I compared him with you The sun is shining. Onu ýüzi şatlykdan ýaa ýagty likeness meňzeşlik n likeness, similarity, saçýar. His face is radiant with joy. comp. ýagty resemblance ikimiziň aramyzda käbir meňzeşler dünýä comp. Ýatan ýeri ýagty bolsun! ; ýagty 2 bar there are some points of similarity between adj light, bright ýagty otag light room Daşary you and me ýagty It is light outside. comp. ýagty dünýä lime hek 2 n lime hek ergini whitewash hek daşy comp. Ýatan ýeri ýagty bolsun! ; ýagtylyk 1 n limestone söndürilen hek slaked lime light günüň ýagtylygy sunlight, sunshine; ýeňil 1 limit çen 4 n measure, limit Çeniňi bil! You need adv light; ýuka 2 [ýu:ka] adj light, thin ýuka to know your own limits! çenden artyk too geýinmek to dress lightly {clothing} comp. ýuka much çenden aşmak; çäklendirmek v to limit, ýürek restrict, set limit kabul edişligi çäklendirmek to light_a_fire ot açmak (comp. of açmak) to light a restrict the enrolment; het 1 n limit, border, fire boundary, end hetden aşmak to overstep the lighten ýeňletmek v to lighten (e.g.. lighten load) limits (of), exceed the bounds (of) hetdiňi lightened ýeňlemek v to be lightened bilmek to know when to stop, to know the limit lightning ýyldyrym n lightning ýyldyrym çakýar (of); oňmak 2 v to limit (to), restrict (to) ol it is lightning "hawa" diýdi-de oňaýdy he limited his answer to "yes" like dek2 post as if, like, similar to bal dek süýji sweet as honey ýyldyrym dek çalt fast as limited çäkli adj limited, scanty çäkli lightning; deý post as, like {colloq}; gowy mümkinçilikler limited possibilities; ölçegli 3 görmek 2 (comp. of gowy) v to like, love, cf: belgi, nomer, san, sany. adj limited biziň enjoy; halamak [ha:lamak] v to like, love, find wagtymyz ölçegli our time is limited agreeable; halaşmak [ha:laşmak] v to love line çyzyk 1 n line çyzyk geçirmek to cross the line each other, be attracted to, like; taý 1 [ta:ý] n çyzyk näme (üçin) geçdiň? Why did you cross like, similar, equal şuňa taý similar to this, like the line?; setir n line comp. ak setir this comp. fiziki taýdan comp. ol taýda ; linguist dilçi n linguist, philologist Filologiýa

ýakmak5 v to like göwnüňe ýakmak to like; ýaly fakultetini gutarýanlar soň dilçi bolup işleýärler. 1 [ýa:ly] post like, similar (to) seniň ýaly like After graduating from the faculty of linguistics you; ýaramak 1 v to like, be fond of Bu kitap he worked as a linguist. Dilçi bolup işleýänler maňa ýaraýar. I like this book. Ol meniň her diliň usulyny, grammatik düzgünlerini öwrenýärler. Linguists learn methods and soraglaryna jogap berdik. We listened to a grammatic rules of every language. lecture attentively and answered the professor's link baglamak 4 [ba:glamak] v to link questions correctly. aýdym-saz diňlemek listen Goşulmalar sözleri biri-birine baglaýarlar. Affixes to the music and song Lukman ýarawsyz çagany link words to each other. {grammar} comp. bil diňläp,derman ýazyp berdi. The doctor examined bagla comp. ýüregiňi baglamak ; salgy 3 cf: the sick child and wrote a prescription. comp. adres. n link Beýleki saýtlara salgylar. Links to böwriňi diňlemek ; eşitmek 2 v to listen saz other web sites. eşitmek to listen to music Eşidýäňmi! Are you listening!; gulak as (comp. of asmak) to listen lion arslan n lion; şir [şi:r] n lion; ýolbars n lion to listen, obey ýolbars çagasy lion cub urkaçy ýolbars lioness comp. ýolbars ýürekli listen_up Pikir beriň! (comp. of pikir) Attention, please! Listen up! lip(s) dodak [do:dak] n lip(s) Operasiýada syrkawyň ýirik dodagyny plastik hirurg bejerdi. listener diňleýji n listener, hearer, student The plastic surgeon treated the lips of the Zaldaky diňleýjiler sahna gutarandan soň patient in the operation. Türkmen dili sapagynda ýerlerinden turup el çarpdylar. After the dodak çekimlileri sanap geçgik. In the Turkmen performance finished the audience at the hall lesson we counted lip vowels. Şeraby dodagyma stood up and applauded. harby akademiýäniň degrip goýdum. I touched the wine to my lips diňleýjisi student at a military academy and sipped it. Medisina institutynyň üçünji kurs diňleýjileri deri kesel hasahanasynda tejribe geçýärler. The third liquid suw çüwdürümy cf: fontan. (comp. of year students of the medical institute do work suw) fountain; liquid, sauce; suwuk adj liquid experience in the skin desease hospital. suwuk zat a liquid; suwuklyk n liquid listing programma 5 cf: maksatnama, proýekt. liquidate üzmek 2 v to liquidate, pay off bergiňi n listing tetatrlaryň maý aýy üçin programmalary üzmek to pay off one's debts Maşyn alamda,eden theatre listing for May {theatre, concert} bergimi üzdüm. Bergilerimi aýlygymdan üzdüm. Men bergime derek uly türkmen halymy berip literacy hat-sowatlylyk (comp. of sowatlylyk) n üzdüm. comp. aýagyňy ýerden üzmek comp. el literacy ilatyň hat-sowatlylygy literacy of üzmek comp. el üzmek (bir işden daşlaşmak) population; okuw-ýazuw n reading and comp. ömrüni üzmek comp. ömrüni üzmek writing, literacy okuw-ýazuw öwrenmek to learn (ölmek) comp. tamaňy üzmek comp. tamaňy to read and write okuw-ýazuw bilmezlik to be üzmek (umydyňy üzmek) comp. yzyny üst unable to read and write; sowat n reading, comp. ýerden örküni üzmek (ýalan geplemek) literacy, ability to read; sowatlylyk n literacy comp. hat-sowatlylyk liquor arak 1 n vodka, liquor; çakyr n liquor; cognac, brandy, sherry, Madeira, wine üzüm literary edebi [edebi:] adj literary edebi dil çakyry [Most Turkmen wine is sweet and literary language edebi miras literary heritage fortified like Madeira.] edebi eser work of art, fiction edebi ýadygärlik literary monument list spisok n list; topar 2 cf: komanda. n list at toparlary list of names literate sowatly n literate, learned, well-schooled listen diňlemek 1 v to listen (to), hear Ýygnakda literature edebiýat [edebiýa:t] n literature edilen işler barada maglumat diňledik. In the edebiýat kitaplary literature ylmy derňewler üçin meeting we listened to a company report. edebiýat toplamak to gather books for research Leksiýany üns bilen diňläp,professoryň çeper edebiýat art? fiction book(s) literature_specialist edebiýatçy [edebiýa:tçy] n went to the village.; zemzen n lizard, gecko specialist in study of literature, literary critic (sem. domains: 1.6 - Animal.) comp. zemzen litre litr n litre bäş litr süýt five litres of milk ýaly çişmek little az-azdan [a:z-a:zdan] adv little by little, load oklamak1 v to load, charge tüpeňi oklamak to gradually, a bit at a time suwy az-azdan içmek load a rifle/gun {weapon}; taý 5 [ta:ý] n load

to drink water a bit at a time; az-owlak1 [a:z- bir taý çuwal bugdaý one sack of wheat comp. owlak] (comp. of az) adj little, some, few Maňa fiziki taýdan comp. ol taýda ; urmak 9 v to az-owlak pul gerek. I need a little money.; load Düýelere ýük urup kerwen öz ýolyna düşdi. azajyk [a:zajyk] adv a little; biraz [bira:z] adj Wagona ýük urmak üçin ilki maňa rugsat hatyňy a little Ýene biraz garaşsak, dukan açylar. Biraz görkez. comp. agyz urmak (dişlemek) comp. dynç alanymdan soň nahar bişirjek. Biraz kelläm azm urmak comp. hars urmak comp. Hudaý agyrýar.; kemter 1 adj little, few, not enough ursun! (şert etmek) comp. kök urmak comp. duzy kemter not enough salt nyşanadan urdy comp. özüňi oda urmak (özüňi kyn ýagdaýa salmak) comp. reňk urmak comp. little_bit birazajyk [bira:zajyk] n a little bit sowuk urmak comp. urup açmak comp. urup Birasajyk çaý guý. Birazajyk oýnap öýe bar. aglamak (özüň ýamanlyk edip,ýene özüňi ejiz Birazajyk garaşyp otyrsaň somsa bişer. görkezmek) comp. ýama urmak (ýamamak) little_girl gyzjagaz n little girl loads birgiden Pronoun loads of Birgiden ýere live ýaşamak [ýa:şamak] v to live Sen haýsy bugdaý ekdik. Aýdym sapagynda birgiden şäherde ýaşaýarsyň? Which town do you live in? aýdymlary öwretdiler. Çagalar birgiden alma ýaşap ýörmek to go on living uzak ýaşamak to ýygdylar. live long şadyýan ýaşamak to have a good time, loan karz cf: kredit. n loan, debt, grant, credit live well agyr durmuşda ýaşamak to live a hand karz almak to borrow, to lend karz bermek to to mouth existence comp. Ýaşa! lend Häzir toý edýänlere hökümet alty mln manat live_within_means bary bilen bazar eýlemek karz berýär. Now the government gives a six (comp. of bary) to live within one's means million manat grant to people holding a livelihood eklenç n livelihood eklenç etmek to wedding celebration. comp. karz-kowal earn one's living LOC -da1 suffix LOC lively janly 1 [ja:nly] adj active, alive, living, local ýerli adj local, indigenous; landed, having animate janly ýöremek to walk quickly comp. land comp. ýerli-ýerden ; ýerli-ýerden (comp. janly-jandar of ýerli) local liver bagyr 1 n liver Bagry agyrýan adamlara lock baglamak 2 [ba:glamak] v to lock Sürüjiler alkagol içgilerini içmek gadagan. For people with maşynyň howpsuzlygy üçin ony baglap goýýarlar. liver problems it is forbidden to have alcoholic Drivers park and lock the car for safety. beverages. Hassanyň bagryny rentgene Ýygylan bugdaýy ammara bagladylar. They düşürdiler. They put the sick person's liver locked the gathered wheat in a barn. through the X-ray. Kärhananyň işgärleriniň iş wagty gutarandan soň, living gün 3 n living, life; peace Ol maňa gün garawul gapyny baglaýar. After the workers at berenok. He gives me no peace. gün görmek to the workshop have finished work the night- earn one's living watchman locks the door. comp. bil bagla lizard hažžyk n lizard, gecko; kelpeze, comp. ýüregiňi baglamak ; gulp 2 n lock; suwulgan n lizard Men oba gidenimde köp gulplamak v to lock gapyny gulplamak to lock kelpeze tutdym. I caught many lizard when I the door; zülp n lock, curl, ringlet locked ýapyk 2 adj locked ýapyk gapy locked to find Men köne dostumy idäp tapdym. I looked door comp. ýapyk bogun for my old friend and found him. locust çekirtge n grass-hopper, locust look_round garanjaklamak v to look round, have loftiness alyjenaplyk 1 n loftiness, elevation a look around töweregiňe garanjaklamak to have a look around log pürs n log, beam, timber looked alarylmak [a:larylmak] v to be looked at long arly [a:rly] adj long arly gyş a long winter; with evil intent Näme maňa alarylýaň? Why are birçak adj long ago Uçar birçak gondy. Oýun you staring at me? birçak başlady. Men işe birçak geldim. Bu ojak birçakdan bäri şu ýerde dur.; dowamly looking şekilli 2 adv looking owadan şekilli gyz [dowa:mly] adj long, prolonged, protracted, adam şekilli ýaşamak düýş şekilli duýgy continuous dowamly el çarpyşmalar prolonged looking_forward intizar n looking forward applause dowamly häzirki zaman işligi present intizar bolmak to look forward (to something) continuous tense Ol dowamly üsgürýär. He loom dokma 1 n loom (weaving) dokma dokamak coughs continuously. dowamly öten zaman işligi to weave a carpet past continous tense.; uzak 2 adj long uzak loop halka 1 n loop (on clothing), noose, ring wagt Maňa Beýik Britaniýa gitmek üçin wiza uzak loose salpy adj flabby, saggy, loose wagtlyk berdiler. Men göçýanligim sebäpli indi loose_desire eli sowamak (comp. of el) to loose siziň kärhanaňyzda uzak isläp biljek däl. Çagalar the desire to do smth Merdanyň işi ugrukmansoň kän uzak wagt suwa düşmeselerem suwdan eli sowady. because of Merdan's work not going çykanlarynda tenleri güne ýanypdyr. {time} properly, he lost desire to do it. comp. Ömrüň uzak bolsun! ; uzyn 1 [uzy:n] adj long Uzyn ýol diýman joramyňka ulaga loosen salparmak v to become looser, loosen münmän ýoräp gitdim. Gyş günlerinden tomus lord sultan n lord, king, master günleri uzyn bolýar. Ot bilen ot (ýangyn) lose azaşmak 2 [a:zaşmak] v to lose comp. sözleriniň ýazylşy bir ýone ot (ýangyn) sözi uzyn akyldan azaşmak comp. azaşan comp. Azaşan çekimli aýdylýar. {distance, time} say. Boýy ýoluny tapar. comp. sözi azaşmak ; elden uzynyň akly kelte comp. eli uzyn comp. uzyn- bermek (comp. of el) to lose, fail to win uzyn comp. Ýaşy uzyn bolsun! ; uzynlyk 2 Ýaryşda utulyp baýragy elden berdik. We failed [uzy:nlyk] adj long in the competition and lost the prize.; long_for ymtylmak v to long for; aspire (to), try geçirmek 7 v to lose, waste wagtyňy biderek

(to); strive (for) geçirmek to waste time comp. başdan geçirmek2 longitude uzaklyk 3 n longtitude Geografik comp. biri-birinden geçirmek comp. uzaklygy iki meridianyň arasynda bir sagat hem bokurdakdan geçirmek comp. durmuşa 15 gradus tapawut berýar. {geogr} geçirmek comp. geçirýän işlikler comp. gözden geçirmek comp. itden geçirmek ; köýmek 3 cf: look_after idetmek [i:detmek] v to raise köýdürmek. v to lose, to be deprived (of) arym smb/something, to bring up smb/something, to köýenden imanym köýsün It is better to be look (after), care for gülleri idetmek to look after deprived of one's faith than to lose one's honour flowers (sem. domains: 3.5.4.2 - Saying, proverb.); look_around garanmak v to look around, synmak [sy:nmak] v to be won over, be compare destroyed, lose; utulmak v to lose (at) Ýaryşda look_for idemek [i:demek] v to look (for), to utulmak meniň üçin utanç bolar diýip gije-gündiz search, to seek, to make inquiries idäp tapmak taýarlandym. say. Oýynçy utulanyny bilse ýagşy ; ýitirmek 1 v to lose, be deprived of lose_weight arryklamak v to lose weight, get çakgyňy ýitirmek to lose one's penknife Siziň thin; iglemek [i:glemek] v to grow thin, to lose ýitirýän zadyňyz ýok. You've got nothing to lose. weight Operasiýadan soň Gözel igledi. Gozel lost ýoluňy ýitirmek to lose one's way comp. weight after the operation. abraýyňy ýitirmek comp. gözüňden ýitirmek loss ýitgi 1 n loss, waste hasyl ýygymyndaky ýitgi comp. güýjüni ýitirmek comp. huşuňy ýitirmek harvesting losses, harvesting waste ýitginiň comp. özüňi ýitirmek comp. Ýitir, ýok et! öňüni almak to eliminate/cut out waste comp. ýitirip tapan ýaly {agriculture, industry}; zyýan 2 [zyýa:n] cf: lose_consciousness akyldan azaşmak 1 (comp. zelel, zeper. n loss zyýan çekmek to incur losses of akyl, azaşmak) to lose consciousness; to {finances} comp. zyýan çekmek comp. Zyýany lose one's mind ýok. lose_heart ruhdan düşmek (comp. of düşmek, losses ýitgi 2 n losses adam ýitgisi losses in men

ruh1) to lose heart, become despondent Ruhdan uly ýitgi serious losses {humans} düşmän elmydama ruhymyz belentde bolmaly. lost azaşan (comp. of azaşmak) adj stray, lost lose_mind akylyňy ýitirmek (comp. of akyl) to azaş goýun the lost sheep bozgaklaryň yzyna lose one's mind düşüp azaşan adam he joined the rioters and lose_one's_way ýitmek 2 v to lose one's way, go became bad too missing say. garasy ýitmek comp. gözden lot bije [bi:je] n lot bije atmak to cast lots bije ýitmek çekmek to draw lots (e.g. straws) Oýun lose_prestige abraýyňy dökmek (comp. of başlamazdan öň, bije atmaly. Before starting the dökmek) to lose prestige Abraýyňy dökmek game you need to cast lots. Bijeli oglan aňsat,ýöne dikeltmek kyn. To lose prestige is aglamaz ; nesibe 2 [nesi:be] n lot, luck, easy, to build it up is difficult.; abraýyňy destiny, fortune nesibäňe düşmek to fall to one's ýitirmek (comp. of ýitirmek) to lose prestige lot nesibedäkini görmek to try one's destiny bu meniň nesibäm this is my share; rysgal 1 cf: lose_respect abraýdan düşmek 1 (comp. of rysk. n lot, portion; provision Ol öz rysgalyny abraý, düşmek) to lose respect Aýagyny gyýşyk gara hyzmaty bilen gazanýar. He earns what is basyp, ters iş edip abraýdan düşdi. due to him by the sweat of his brow. say. lose_touch ýitirmek 3 v to lose touch, not to see Baýguşuň rysgaly agzyna geler Biz seni ýitirdik! We haven't seen you for ages! loud ýiti 6 adj loud ýiti ses loud voice comp. ýiti comp. abraýyňy ýitirmek comp. gözüňden zehinli comp. ýiti-ýiti ; zorruk adj loud, shrill ýitirmek comp. güýjüni ýitirmek comp. huşuňy zorruk ses shrill voice ýitirmek comp. özüňi ýitirmek comp. Ýitir, ýok et! comp. ýitirip tapan ýaly loudly batly 3 [ba:tly] adv loudly Aman batly sesi bilen aýdym aýdýar. Aman sings with a loud lose_way azaşmak 1 [a:zaşmak] v to lose one's voice. way, get lost Biz gijelikde azaşdyk. We got lost at night. comp. akyldan azaşmak comp. azaşan loudness ýitilik 6 n loudness sesiň ýitiligi loudness comp. Azaşan ýoluny tapar. comp. sözi of a voice

azaşmak ; ýoluňy urdurmak (comp. of ýol) to love bent1 n love Ol gyzyň aý ýaly keşbi meni lose one's way; to go astray; journey uzak ýol özüne bent etdi. That girl's appearance, like the long journey, long way ýola düşmek to set off, moon, made me fall in love with her.; set out on a journey ýola çykmazdan öň before muhabbet 1 n love; söýgi n love; söýmek v to setting out love söýýän gyzy his girlfriend; yşk n love, passion yşk ody love affair yşka düşmek to fall in jan. adj faithful, devoted, loyal, trustworthy love (with), to be fond (of); yşky [yşky:] adj luck rowaçlyk [rowa:çlyk] n luck, success, love yşky hat love-letter progress Ol söwda işlerine geçip, rowaçlyk tapdy. lover aşyk [a:şyk] n lover aşyk bolmak to fall in He changed to a job in business, and found love; magşuk [magşu:k] n lover, girlfriend leýli success there.; sähet n luck, appropriate sähetli mejnunyň magşugy Leyli is Mejnun`s lover/ lucky säheti bellenmek to appoint as the lucky girlfriend; oýnaş n lover, boy-friend, girl- day [One of the days when it is possible to friend; mistress work, or have a wedding, or whatever. Some lovers aşyk-magşuk [a:şyk-magşu:k] n lovers days are considered unlucky for certain tasks such as sewing or moving house/yurt.]; şow n low gaharly adj low in spirits, feeling bad; pes 1 luck adj low pes ýatagy low shed comp. pes göwünli comp. pese düşmek comp. ýeriň pesi bilen lucky çüwmek v to be lucky, be in luck Meňki comp. ýeriň pesi bilen hereket etmek çüwdi. I am lucky.; gutly n lucky Gutly bolsun! Congratulations!; maňlaýly adj lucky maňlaýly lower aşak 4 [aşa:k] post below eýwanyň adam lucky person; sähetli lucky, inauspicious aşagynda the entrance is below comp. aşakky sähetli gün inauspicious day [One of the days (aşakdaky) comp. aýak aşagynda ; aşakky when it is possible to work, or have a wedding, (aşakdaky) (comp. of aşak) post lower, down or whatever. Some days are considered unlucky aşakky kitaby almak to pick up the book which for certain tasks such as sewing or moving is lower down; aşaklamak 2 [aşa:klamak] v to house/yurt.]; şowly adj lucky, successful, lower Lomaý söwdada harydyň bahasý fortunate aşaklaýar. The prices of goods have lowered wholesale.; aşaklatmak [aşa:klatmak] v to luggage ýük 2 n luggage, baggage ýük goýulýan lower, let down; cut bahalary aşaklatmak to cut ýer luggage compartment ýük we el goşlary prices; peseltmek 1 cf: peselmek. v to lower, kamerasy left luggage office reduce, bring down bahalary peseltmek to lullaby hüwdi n lullaby reduce the prices sesiňi peseltmek to lower one's lunch günortanlyk n lunch voice gulluk derejesini peseltmek to demote lung öýken n lung öýken perdesi pleura öýken lowland peslik 2 n lowland, depression çişmesi pneumonia {anatomy} loyal berk 3 adj loyal berk bedenli ýigit A loyal young man.; janköýer 1 [ja:nköýer] cf: jana-

M m machine maşyn 1 [maşy:n] n machine, magazine žurnal 1 n magazine, (academic) mechanism geýim ýuwýan maşyn washing journal Biziň ýurdumyzda iňlis dilinde hem machine kagyz kesýän maşyn paper guillotine žurnal çykyp başlady. The magazine is started to machine-tool stanok [sta'nok] n machine tool, publish in English too in our country. machine; bench magic keramatly 1 [kera:matly] adj magic mad guduz 1 adj mad, rabid guduz it mad dog, Taryhda köp keramatly adamlar ýaşapdyr. Many rabid dog guduz açmak to go mad, become magic people lived in the history. rabid maid çory [ço:ry] n servant-girl, (house)maid ele düşürmek üçin polisiýaň işgärleri jan edip {colloq}; öýdeniçer n maid, servant öýdeniçer işleýärler. Policemen work hard to make aýal maid, domestic (servant) criminals fall into hands. Şu ýüpekleri arzan main esasy 1 [esa:sy] adj main, principal, bahadan ele düşürdim. this silk was fall cheap by primary, most important, basic esasy maksat me. primary purpose esasy mesele main issue esasy make_for gönükmek 1 v to make one's way (to), ugurlar boýunça ekzamen tabşyrmak. to have make (for), direct one's steps şähere tarap exams on the main directions gönükmek to make one's way to the town maize jöwen n maize, corn, Central Asian make_happy beýgeltmek 3 v to make happy sorghum Biz towuklarymyz üçin jöwen satyn Seniň şatlygyň meni beýgeldýär. Your happiness aldyk. We bought maize for our hens. makes me happy. comp. tumşugyňy majesty alyhezret adj (your) majesty beýgeltmek major kapital 2 [kapitail] cf: maýa goýum, make_head_spin üýtgemek 4 cf: üýtgetmek. v to baýlyk. adj major, thorough make one's head spin Sen öňkiňden bütinleý üýtgäpsiň. Ol birneme ösüpdir hem üýtgäpdir. Ol majority aglaba [agla:ba] n majority; galapyn takyr meýdanlar üýtgedi. Howa üýtgejek bolýar. [galapy:n] adj majority, most of talyplaryň Meniň garaýşym üýtgedi. Biziň durmuşymyz galapyny most of the students bütinleý üýtgedi. Et üýtgäp başlapdyr. Bu suw make begendirmek v to make glad/happy, cause ütgäpdir. Ol näsag üýtgedi. Maşyn heläkçiliginde joy Bu habar ony örän begendirdi. He was very bir adam üýtgäpdir. Seniň kelläň üýtgäpdir. Ol glad to hear this news.; edinmek 2 v to make üýtgän ýaly-la? {colloq} (for oneself) ertirlik nahary edinmek to get make_kneel çökermek 2 v to make someone or breakfast maşgala bolup nahar edinmek to have a something kneel Men düýäni zordan çökerdim. It meal with family comp. maksat edinmek comp. was difficult for me to make the camel kneel. niýet edinmek ; goýdurmak v to make someone stop doing something çaganyň make_laugh güldürmek v to make someone aglamasyny goýdurmak to quieten/soothe a laugh Ol aglap oturan çagany güldürdi. He made child çilim çekmegi goýdurmak to make someone the crying baby laugh. give up smoking; guwandyrmak v to make make_mistake ýalňyşmak 1 v to make a mistake glad/happy, cause joy, gladden çagany make_ones_name at almak (comp. of almak) to guwandyrmak to make a child glad/happy; make one's name, make a name for one's self ýazynmak v to make, spread, lay (for oneself) make_peace ýaraşmak1 v to make peace (with), düşek ýazynmak to make the bed come to an understanding, be reconciled (with) make_a_move göçmek 2 v to make a move ýalňyş make_plan dony biçilmek (comp. of don) v to göçmek to make the wrong move make a plan Seniň gelejegiň barada biz eýýam make_angry gaharlandyrmak v to make angry, dony biçindik. We have already made plans for anger, vex, tease, irritate your future. make_bitter ajatmak [a:jatmak] v to make make_play oýnatmak cf: oýnaşmak, oýnamak. something bitter, make something strong v to make someone play make_cry aglatmak [a:glatmak] v to make make_shine aklamak 3 [a:klamak] cf: agartmak. someone cry v to make something shine Aýal kümüş make_fall_into_hands ele düşürmek1 to make çemçeleri sirke bilen aklady. The woman shined someone fall into the hands of Jenaýat edenleri the spoons with vinegar. make_someone_return dolandyrmak 1 v to get malice gaharjaňlyk n malice, spite, ill- someone to come back, go back, turn back, naturedness, fury return Bu gykylyk ony yza dolandyrdy. This man adam 1 [a:dam] n man Adam - tebigatyň iň noise made her turn back. Çykyp giden beýik ýaradan jandary. Human beings - the doganymy yzyna dolandyrmak üçin yzyndan greatest of God's creatures on earth. onuň gygyrdym. As he left I cried out for my brother adamy his man, he belongs to him comp. adam to come back. Ýatdan çykan zatlarymy almak bolmak comp. adam etmek üçin taksini yzyna dolandyrdym. I made the taxi manage_without oňmak 1 v to do (without), go back in order to collect my forgotten things. manage (without), make (without) kömeksiz Sürüni oba tarap dolandyrdyk. We turned the oňmak to do without any help flock back towards the village. management direksiýa [di'reksiýa] n make_sound seslenmek v to make a sound management, managers, board of directors make_stop eline kakmak (comp. of el) to make Mekdep direksiýasynyň ýygnagynda täze mekdep someone stop Şatlyk hapa oýnajak bolanda eline meýilnamasy kabul edildi. The new school kakdym. When Shatlyk wanted to play dirty I programme was accepted at the management stopped him. Kemal jenaýata ýaňy baş goşanda meeting of the school . Kärhananyň direksiýasy agalary eline kakdylar. When Kemal started to sagat bäşde ýygnak geçirjek. The management of get involved in criminal activities, his brothers the business will hold a meeting at five o’clock. stopped him. manager başlyk n manager, director, speaker, make_swell çişirmek 1 [çi:şirmek] v to make chairman, chief, head; boss Kazyýetiň baş something swell up comp. ýüregini çişirmek kazysy adalatly adam. The court's chief judge is make_trouble ulaşmak 2 v to make trouble for a just man. {colloq}; hojalykçy n manager (of oneself, to be asking for trouble Nätanyş an enterprise), owner, housewife öý hojalykçy adamlar bilen iş salyşyp bir bela ulaşaýma. Bepa house keeper, house wife, house husband; tiz baýajak bolup jenaýat işine ulaşdy. comp. ýolbaşçy 2 [ýo:lbaşçy] cf: direktor. n manager Toýuň toýa ulaşsyn! (arzuw, tost) manat manat n manat, local currency [used in make_walk ýöretmek 1 cf: ýöremek. v to make Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan]

somebody walk comp. pikir ýöretmek manger ahyr2 [a:hyr] n food trough, manger make_way_to eňmek 2 v to make one's way (to), mangy kel 1 adj mangy, scabby kel oglan mangy direct one's steps (to), go down (to), go up (to) boy kel bolmak to be covered with scabs Olar bazara tarap eňdiler. They made their way mankind ynsan 2 [ynsa:n] n mankind Seniň şu to the market. naýynsaplygyň ynsan gylygy däl! You don't have make_worse peseltmek 3 cf: peselmek. v to the typical unscrupulousness of human nature! make worse hilini peseltmek to make the quality {species, plural} worse manners barşy 2 cf: baryş. (sp. var. of baryş) n male erkek n male erkek adam man Erkek! What a manners Merdanyň toýda özüni alyp barşy man! erkek mal male animal Ol erkek adamdyr. erbetdi, ol alkogol içip oglanlar bilen gohlaşdy. He's a man, after all. bäşýaşar erkek A five-year- Merdan's behaviour at the wedding was poor, old male erkek göbekli male person he drank and ended up fighting with other lads. male_goat teke n male goat; billy goat comp. {etiquette} Teke manty manty n manty [Turkmen dish made of pasta stuffed with meat or vegetables, and then steamed in a steamer] March mart n March sekizinji mart the 8-th of manufacturer senagatçy [sena:gatçy] n March

manufacturer, industrialist mark bal2 2 [ba:l] n mark, grade (at school) manure ders3 n manure, dung ekinlere ders Matematika olimpiýadasynda iň köp bal alan, bermek to fertilise ikinji orta mekdep boldy. The school that got the highest marks in the Mathematics competition manuscript golýazma n manuscript, hand- was the '2nd Middle School'.; barlamak 2 written document [ba:rlamak] v to check, mark Mugallym many kän1 adj a lot, much, too much, many kän okuwçylaryň depderlerini barlaýar. The teacher gezek many times, several times kän okamak to marks the pupils' exercise books.; belgi 1 cf: read a lot; köp 1 adv a lot, many, much örän nomer, ölçegli, san, sany. n mark, sign Toýa köp very much, a lot of köp okamak to read berilýän gap - çanaklaryň düýbine belgi goýulýar. much köpüsi most (of them) comp. köp adamly The dishes leant for a wedding are marked comp. köp nokat ; onça adj many, much, lots of under their base. ýol belgileri road signs [(so onça puly nähili tapjak? how can you find so they can be returned)] comp. dyngy belgileri ; much money?; uly 4 adj many Serdar öz jigsi bilet 3 [bi'let] n mark Ekzamende gowy bilet watandan dört ýaş uly. Kaspiý deňizi 371000 kw. çekdim. I got a good mark in the exam.; tikeç n km. bolup Aral deňizinden uly, Aral deňizi 31000 circular marks in bread kw. km. London şäheri Oksford şäherinden uly. market bazar [ba:zar] n market, bazaar, Gang derýasy Hindistanyn uly hem keramatly marketplace Mal bazarda saýlama mallar bar. In derýasy hasaplanýar. Biz obadan şähere gitmek the animal market there are good quality üçin uly ýola çykmaly bolýarys. Futbol animals. Tomus, bazarda göwniň islän zadyny meýdançasy tennis maýdançadan uly. Kitaplar alyp bolýar. In the summer you can buy lots of polkaň üstünde uludan kiça boýly boýyna tertipde good stuff in the market. dur. Şaheriň uly baýramçylygyna başga ýurtlardan uly myhmanlar geldi. Türkmenistan marketable ýörgünli 2 adj marketable, in great Garaşsyzlyk aýynyň 27-ne uly toý tutýar. demand, easy to sell ýörgünli harytlar saleable Mugallym uly çaregi tamamlandyklaryny merchandise okuwçylara aýtdy. Uly ýel gara bulutlary getirip marriage nika [nika:] n marriage raýat nikasy erbet ýagyş ýagdy. Boksör Muhammet Ali öz civic marriage nika şahadatnamasy marriage kärdeşleriniň arasynda uly abraýda. Şelim öz certificate nikada durmak to be married nikany klasdaşlanynyň arasynda okuwyna ukyply we bozmak to get a divorce nika gyýmak (Olara tertipli bolany üçün uly abraýda. Meniň bar eden nika gyýyldy.) to go through a wedding uly arzuwlarym puç boldy. say. Myhman ataňdan ceremony, say one's marriage vows uly say. Myhman ataňdan uly comp. ula gitmek married durmuşa çykan cf: öýlenmedik, (ýaryşda iň uly baýraga gatnaşmak) comp. ula durmuş, durmuş gurmak, öýlendirmek, tutmak (göreşde atly pälwan bilen çykmak) öýlenen, öýlenmek. adj married (said about a comp. uly geplemek (öwünmek) comp. uly woman) durmuşa çykmadyk gyz unmarried gepli (öwünjeň) comp. uly-kiçi comp. uly- woman, spinster, unmarried girl Öz çagalaryny kiçiräk (dürli göwrümli) comp. ulydan dem durmuşa çykarmak, öýlendirmek, öýli-işikli etmek almak comp. ulydan-kiçä hemme ene-ataň maksady. To see their children map karta 1 ['karta] n map, chart geografik karta married and to have a home is purpose of all geographic map parents. ; ärli (comp. of är) adj married ärli marble mermer marble ak mermer white marble aýal married woman; maşgalaly adj married, having a family maşgalaly adam family man gar bilen ýagyş sportsmenleriň duşuşyklaryna maşgalaly bolmak to have a family, be married; päsgel bermedi. Rain and snow did not prevent öýlenen cf: öýlenmedik, durmuş, durmuşa the sport meeting. {sports}; kükürt 2 n match, çykan, durmuş gurmak, öýlendirmek, light kükürt çakmak to light a match; otluçöp öýlenmek. adj married [re. man only]; öýli- [o:tluçöp] n match, light bir gap otluçöp box of işikli 1 [öýli-i:şikli] adj married öýli-işikli adam matches otluçöp gaby match-box otluçöp ýakmak married person öýli-işikli etmek to marry off to light/strike a match; utgaşmak 2 v to match öýli-işikli bolmak to marry, get married {m} Täze tikinen köýnegimde sary reňk bilen ýaşyl marrow ýilik n marrow reňk utgaşdy. Jaş tarelkany döwenimden soň jup bolar ýaly hem utgaşar ýaly tarelka gözleýan. marry öýlenmek cf: öýlenmedik, durmuş, Domino oýynda haýsam bolsa bir tarapa sanyň durmuşa çykan, durmuş gurmak, utgaşmaly. öýlendirmek, öýlenen. v to marry öýlenen married (man) öýlenmedik bachelor, single man, matchmaker sawçy [sa:wçy] n marriage unmarried man {m} arranger, matchmaker sawçy ibermek to send marriage arrangers sawçy bolmak to become a marry_off öýlendirmek cf: öýlenmedik, marriage arranger Daýzam sawçy bolmagy gowy durmuş, durmuşa çykan, durmuş gurmak, görensoň mydama iliň öňünde. My aunt wants to öýlenen, öýlenmek. v to marry off become an arranger of marriages so she's martyr görgüli 1 n martyr, sufferer always amongst the people. Öňki döwürde martyr's ejirli 2 adj martyr's ejirli ölüm martyr's sawçy bolyp ýaşuly adamlar bilen mollany death ugratýardylar. Previously those elders who mask perde 5 n mask Ýöne ahyrsoňy ýaňkynyň wanted to become matchmakers were shown ýüzündäki perdesi sypyrylýar. But in the end the the ropes by Mullahs. [Usually the parents of mask on his face slid off. the hopeful groom go to the parents of the girl mason ýonujy n mason he wants to marry, and they try and arrange a mass köpçülikleýin adj mass, popular marriage. Sometimes the boy and girl have köpçülikleýin hereket mass movement already become friends, but often they only mass_death gyrgyn n mass death, total meet for the first time after the arrangement destruction gyrgyn degmek to die (in large has been made.] numbers), be wiped out gyrgyna salmak to kill, matchmaking sawçylyk [sa:wçylyk] n marriage- destroy, annihilate, wipe out arranging, matchmaking sawçylyga gitmek to go massage owkalama massage and arrange a marriage [Usually the parents of the hopeful groom go to the parents of the girl master hökmürowan [hökmürowa:n] n master, he wants to marry, and they try and arrange a owner, one who dominates, ruler, lord; ussat 1 marriage. Sometimes the boy and girl have [ussa:t] cf: ekspert. n master, expert Men already become friends, but often they only tikinlilik işinde ussat bolsamam entek edilmeli we meet for the first time after the arrangement öwrenmeli zatlar juda köp. has been made.] master's_degree magistr [ma'gistr] n master's material material [materi'al] n material; stuff degree, MA, MSc, magistrate ol ýere magistr gurluşyk materialy building/construction hem geldi the magistrate has arrived there too materials material toplamak to collect material; match duşuşyk 3 [du:şuşyk] n match, meeting real [re'al] cf: belli, anyk. adj real, material Bazar güni ýaş futbolçylar duşuşdylar. On Sunday the young footballers had a match. Ýagyp duran maternal enelik adj maternal, motherly or meadow çemenlik n flowering/blossoming stepmother enelik borjy motherly debt enelik meadow; lälezar [läleza:r] n flower-filled alada maternal care Ol meniň eneligim. she is my meadow garagum çöli lälezarlyga öwrüldi The stepmother. Garagum desert has returned into meadow; öri mattress düşek 1 n mattress, bedding, bed [ö:ri] n meadow, pasture mallary örä kowmak to diwanyň üstüne ýazylan düşek a mattress spread take a flock out to pasture; ýaýla [ýa:ýla] n out on a sofa bed düşek salmak to make a bed meadow, pasture gök ýaýla green meadow düşek ýygnamak to take up a mattress Irden ýaýlada goýun bakmak to tend sheep at pasture turup ýatan düşekleriňi ýygnamaly. When you get meal aş 2 n meal Men aş içdim. I have eaten up in the morning you have to gather up the noodles. comp. aş saýlamak comp. aşa düşmek ; mattresses. Düşek üstüne geçiň! Come and sit on duz-tagam [du:z-tagam] (comp. of duz) n the bed. Durmuşa çykýan gyza ejesi ýorgan,düşek meal, food Myhmançylykda duz-tagam iýip,soňra we ýassyk berýär. The mother gives mattressess dutar diňläp oturdyk. Being guests we ate a meal and pillows to her married daughter. Täze and then listened to the dutar.; oturyş meal; otaga düşek düşäp, täze tuty asdym. I put new get-together; owkat 1 [owka:t] n meal; food beds and curtains in the new room.; düşekçe n tagamly owkat delicious food owkat edinmek to small mattress ýüpek düşekçe silk mattress eat; to dine mature kemala gelmek 2 (comp. of kemal) grow mean alamatlandyrmak [ala:matlandyrmak] v to up, reach maturity, attain one's majority, be mean, signify Ol görkeziji ýoluň howpludygyny ready kemala gelen gyz a girl of the full legal alamatlandyrýar. That road sign indicates age, an adult girl Üzüm agaçlary üç ýylyň danger.; aňlatmak 1 [a:ňlatmak] v to mean, dowamynda kemala gelýär. Vines are ready (to express, convey meaning Näme etmeli däldigini produce fruit) after three years.; Ol ýetipdir. çaga aňlatmak gerek. It is necessary to explain to (comp. of ýetmek) adj He's drunk.; ripe, a child what not to do.; diýmek 4 v to mean, mature ýeten ýetmek gawun mature melon signify Näme diýmek isleýäň? What do you matyr şehit1 2 n matyr want/mean to say? Men saňa diýjegimi diýdim. I told you what I meant. Men bu işi taşlasam May Magtymguly cf: maý2. n May öňki kalendar diýýärin. I mean I want to give up this job. boýunça maý aýy - Magtymguly aýy bolmaly. Diýmek, biz gij galarys. This means we are going according to old calendar the month to be late. Magtymguly must be the month May. [Magtymguly is a famous ancient Turkmen meaning many 1 [ma:ny:] n meaning, sense

poet after whom the month is named]; maý2 sözüň manysy meaning of the word sözüň doly cf: Magtymguly. n May manysynda in the true sense of the word sözüň göni manysy literal sense of a word sözüň göçme may_God ylahym [yla:hy:m] interj may God... manysy metaphorical sense of a word many ylahym, şeýle bolsunylahym ylahym, ýaşyň uzak aňlatmak to mean many bermek to make sense bolsun! manysy bolmak to make sense manysy ýok there maybe meger adj maybe, perhaps, possibly meger is no sense (in), there is no point (in) comp. ol syrkawdyr probably he is ill meger ol eýýäm many çykarmak gelendir perhaps he has already come meaningful manyly [ma:ny:ly] adj meaningful, mayor häkim n mayor, governor, ruler (of full of meaning; significant manyly sözler words specific town or area) full of meaning meaningless howaýy [howa:ýy] adj meaningless, meat et 1 n meat etli nahary iýmeýän adam groundless, baseless, unfounded, vain, vegetarian et üweýän mincer sygyr eti mutton or ungrounded howaýy haýbat empty/idle threat beef et satýan dükan meat selling shop comp. howaýy sözler empty/meaningless words Biziň etimiz ýok. ; etli adj meat etli iýmit meaty howaýy arzuwlar castles in the air, pipe-dreams food etli nahar the meal with meat comp. etli- means serişde [seri:şde] n means, facilities, ganly resources; ugur 3 cf: ugruna. post way, means, medicinal dermanlyk 1 [derma:nlyk] adj method; field, area, realm; health, physical medicinal dermanlyk otlar medicinal herbs condition; trend, tendency; public, society; by, medicine derman 1 [derma:n] n medicine, drug, at, at the side of Ol bu ugurdan uly spesialist. tonic derman içmek to take one's medicine She's a key specialist in this field. {e.g. derman bermek to give/administer medicine dag intellectual} comp. ugruňy ýitirmek comp. ugry howasy jana derman mountain weather is tonic ýok comp. ugur almak comp. ugur çykmak for the soul Seniň her sözüň maňa derman. Your comp. ugur haýyr bola! comp. ugur kowmak every word is a tonic to me.; däri 2 n medicine comp. ugur tapmak ; ýagdaý 5 n means, Men däri içdim. I had medicine. {dial}; em n resources ýagdaýym ýok. I haven't got the medicine keseliň emi remedy for a disease em means. {finances} etmek to cure bir işiň emini tapmak to find measure çäre 1 n measure, step ätiýaçlyk çäreleri solution of work; medisina [medi'sina] cf: precautions, precautionary measures aýgytly lukmançylyk, wraçlyk. n medicine çäreler görmek to take drastic measures; gez n Mediterranean Ýerorta Deňzi (comp. of orta) measure, length bäş gez ýüp five length rope the Mediterranean Sea comp. bir gez beýgelmek comp. bir gez ýokary medium palman [pa:lma:n] cf: palçy. n medium galmak ; ölçeg n measure agram ölçegi weight medrassa medrese n medrassa (muslim college measures uzynlyk ölçegi measurements of length for religious instruction) {religious} birlik ölçegi one measure of unit aýakgabyň meek kiçigöwünli adj meek, a soft touch ölçegi shoe size ölçegini saklamak to keep within Kiçigöwünli adam, näme diýseň ol eder. A meek limits ölçegini bilmezlik carrying things too far, person will do whatever you want. not knowing when to stop ölçegiňi bilmek to know when to stop comp. barrel ölçegi ; meet çykmak 6 v meet öňünde çykmak to meet ölçemek 1 v to measure çen bilen ölçemek to (someone) comp. aradan çykan bolup çykmak measure by eye çuňlugy ölçemek to sound, comp. ýatdan çykmak ; duşmak 1 [du:şmak] v fathom kimdir biriniň temperaturasyny ölçemek to to meet, come across, encounter Men köne take somebody's temperature Kostýumy ölçäp mugallymyma duşdum. I met my old teacher. gör. Try on the suit. comp. Ýedi ölçäp bir kes. ; Ençeme ýyllap gözläp ýören söýgime duşdum. I ölçermek 2 v to weigh; to consider, think over, searched for a long time before I encountered turn over in one's mind men ony köp ölçerip love. Sirkiň ýanynda men jorama duşdum. I met gördüm I thought over it too much my friend near the circus. ; duşuşmak [du:şuşmak] v to meet, encounter Men seniň measured ölçegli 1 cf: belgi, nomer, san, sany. bilen duşuşmak isleýärin. I want to meet with adj measured ölçegli mata measured cloth you. Teatrda öz kursdaşym bilen tötänden measurements ululyk 2 n measurements duşuşdum. Suddenly I met my course mate in Matematika sapagynda mygallym "hemişelik the theatre. Ertir duşuşmak üçin wagt belleşeli. ululyk" temasyny geçdi. Eýfelew binasynyň Let’s arrange a time to meet tomorrow. ululgyndan paraşutistler bökdiler. {mathematics} Pälwanlar duşuşýarlar. The wrestlers are meeting. Ýolbaşçylar maslahat geçirmek üçin maid; one type of melon fi:gawun [e.g. duşuşýarlar. The leaders meet for discussions. honeydew, gala, waharman]; zamça n melon Medisinaň işgärleri konferensiýa geçirmek üçin [a small sweet melon] duşuşdular. The medical workers met for a melon_grower bakjaçy n melon grower Häzirki conference. Agşam duşuşup, restorana gideli. Let's döwürde bakjaça terbiýeçi diýýärler. Currently meet and go to the restaurant.; garşy 3 post to melon-growers are classed as instructors. meet gelýänleri garşy almak To meet the visitors. melt doňuny çözmek (comp. of doň) v to melt myhmanlary garşy almak to meet the guests; Aglap oturan gyzymy köşeşdirip ,öýkesini ýazyp, garşylamak 1 v to welcome someone doňyny çözdim. I comforted my weeping myhmanlary hormat bilen garşylamak daugter and melted away her anger. ; eremek respectfully welcome guests; görüşmek 1 v to 1 v to melt Yssyda duran ýag eräpdir. The butter see each other, meet Ýene-de görüşýänçäk, sag melted in the heat. Bizde gar çalt ereýär. Snow bol. Until we meet again, goodbye! her gün quickly melts round here.; eretmek 1 v to melt görüşmek to meet each other every day; suwda duzy eretmek to melt salt in the water sataşmak v to meet, collide, bump into men comp. söz bilen eretmek oňa köçede sataşdym I met him in the street melt_heart eremek 3 v to melt the heart (of) meeting duş [du:ş] n meeting, encounter, Owadan gyzy gören ýigit derrew eredi. The occurrence duş gelmek a) to meet someone b) to beautiful girl quickly melted the heart of the be faced with (a situation) c) to occur ýolda duş lad who had seen her. gelmek to meet someone on the way duş etmek / member agza 1 [agza:] n member of an bolmak to meet Deň etmän, duş etmez. nakyl To organization Men tebigaty goraýjylaryň meet someone the same as him. Biz tokaýda guramasyna agza boldum. I was a member of an tilkä duş geldik. We encountered a fox in the environmental protection organization. forest. Hudaý bela-betere duş etmesin-dä! Let God membership agzalyk [agza:lyk] adj membership does not meet to trouble.?????; duşuşyk 1 [du:şuşyk] n meeting, get-together, encounter, memo ýatlama 3 [ýa:tlama] n note, memo rendezvous duşuşyk ýeri a meeting place {written} Aeroportlar duşuşyk we aýrylyşyk ýerdir. Airports memories ýatlama 1 [ýa:tlama] n recollection, are the places for meeting and departing. memories

Duşuşyk süýjüdir, aýralyk ajy (aýdym). Meeting memorise ýat tutmak (comp. of ýat2) to is sweet, departing is bitter. (a song) ; ýygnak memorise Men turkmençe goşgynyň ýat tutdym. n meeting ýygnak geçirmek to hold a meeting I've memorised some Turkmen poems. melancholic göwnüçökgün n melancholic memory hakyda [haky:da] n memory, person, pessimist göwnüçökgün adam pessimist recollection, rememberance hakyda gelmek to melody äheň 1 n melody, tune; heň2 n melody, remember hakyda salmak to remember Eger tune bir heň gaçyrmak to play a melody; labyz 2 hakydamdan çykmadyk bolsa. If my memory n melody mylaýym labyz pleasant melody; doesn't fail me. Ony haçan görenim hakydama owaz 2 [owa:z] n melody, tune gelmeýär. I do not remember when I saw him;

ýat2 [ýa:t] n memory, mind ýatdan aýtmak to melon azgyn2 [a:zgyn] n a type of melon azgyn gawun melon that spoils quickly [quick ripening recite ýatdan çykmajak unforgettable comp. or early melon]; garrygyz [garrygy:z] n a ýada düşmek comp. ýat tutmak comp. ýatda large, green, melon with a wrinkled skin; saklamak comp. ýatdan çykarmak comp. gawun [ga:wun] n sweet melon "Garrygyz" old ýatdan çykmak menacing haýbatly 1 adj menacing, threatening arifmetikanyň dört emeli the four ways of haýbatly garaýyş menacing/threatening look manipulating numbers (addition, subtraction, merchant täjir merchant multiplication, division) comp. öz emeline özi çolaşmak ; tär [tär] n method, means; usul 2 merciful geçirimli adj merciful geçirimli bolmak [usu:l] n method, way Kompýuterde işlemäň täze to be merciful geçirimli ynsan merciful man usul tapdym we öz toplumymysyz işgärlerine merciless jellat 2 [jella:t] adj ruthless, pitiless, hödürledim. Çagalar bagynyň terbiýeçilerine çaga relentless jellatdyr gara gözleriň. There is no okatmaň täze usul görkezdiler we işe girizdiler. mercy in your black eyes. Pagtaçylyk institutyna başka ýurtlardan ylmy mercy geçirim n mercy geçirim soramak to işgärleri geldi, olar ylmy barlagyň usulyny cry/beg for mercy; geçirimlilik n mercy; geçirdiler. rehim cf: rehim-şepagat. n mercy, pity rehim metre metr n metre on metr ten metres on metr etmek to have mercy, have compassion rehim kub metr kwadrat metr eplenýän metr etmezlik to not spare comp. rehimi inmek comp. mew mawlamak [ma:wlamak] v to mew, meow, rehimiň gelmek ; rehim-şepagat [rehim- miaow pişik ýaly mawlamak to mew like a cat, şepa:gat] cf: rehim. n mercy Ol adamda rehim- mewl şepagat ýok. That person doesn't have any compassion. öýsüzlere rehim-şepagat etmek to middle orta n middle, centre obanyň ortasy centre have compassion on the homeless rehim-şepagat of the village orta boýly adam a man of medium soramak to ask for mercy height orta mekdep secondary school orta ýaşly middle-aged orta hasap bilen on average comp. merriment döwran [döwra:n] n merriment, orta asyr comp. ortasyna comp. ortasynda mirth, gaiety döwran sürmek to have a fun time, comp. Ýerorta Deňzi ; ortaky adj middle ortaky enjoy ourselves gat middle storey ortaky barmak middle finger, merry mes 2 adj intoxicated, merry comp. mes third finger; ortara [orta:ra] adj middle, centre bolmak ortarasy middle/centre of something jaýyň mess_up bozmak 2 v to mess up Elimden sagady ortarasy middle of the room şäheriň ortarasy gaçyryp bozdym. Top oýnap ýorkäk dostym centre of the city bilmezlikde goňşymyzyň aýnasyny döwip, bar midwife göbek ene (comp. of göbek) midwife oýny bozdy. Toýda köýnegime tort gaçyryp bar mighty edenli adj mighty, strong, capable, able, keýpimi bozdy. skilful edenli işçi skilful workman edenli eller messenger çapar n messenger, herald çapar strong hands edenli ýigit capable man ibermek to send a messenger; habarçy 2 n militant göreşjeň adj warlike, militant, messenger, courier habarçy ibermek to send a nationalist göreşjeň halk a warlike people messenger; ýasawul n messenger duşmanlary bilen göreşjeň halk a people who met garşylanmak v to be met, be greeted always defend themselves against their enemies metal metal [me'tal] n metal reňkli metal military harby [harby:] adj military, martial coloured metal gara metallar metaldan ýasalan harby uçilişe military college harby borçly liable metal, made of metal gymmatbaha metallar ýeňil for call-up harby borçlulyk liability for military metallar service harby ýesir prisoner of war harby method amal n method, way comp. amal etmek gullukçy serviceman harby komissariýat military comp. amala aşmak comp. amala aşyrmak ; registration and enlistment office harby geýim emel 3 n method, way emele gelmek to be uniform harby däl geýim civilian clothes formed, be generated emele getirmek to form {military, police} military_service goşunçylyk n military service ministry ministrlik n ministry maliýe ministrligi goşunçylyga çagyrmak to call up for military ministry of finance ministrlik wezipesi post of a service, call to the colours minister milk sagdyrmak 1 cf: sagmak, sag-salamat. v to mint narpyz 1 n mint (sem. domains: 1.5 - Plant.) milk; sagmak cf: sagdyrmak, sag-salamat. v minus sowuk 2 adj minus bäş gradus sowuk minus to milk sygyr sagmak to milk a cow; süýt n milk five degrees milking sagym n milking; yield of milk ertirki minute minut [mi'nut] n minute bir minutda in a sagym morning milk minute sagat üçden bäş minut işleýär It is five

Milky_Way Ak maýanyň ýoly (comp. of maýa2) minutes past two sagadyň minut strelkasy the the Milky Way, the Galaxy minute hand of a clock/watch Sagat üçden on mill degirmen n mill suw degirmeni water mill minut işleýär. Çaga bir minut hem dek oturmaýar. biriniň degirmenine suw guýmak to bring grist to Men ol ýere bir minutda bararyn. Bir minut maňa someone's mill degirmen daş stone mill; fabrik üns beriň! Ol şol minutda gapydan girdi. sagadyň n (textile) mill, plant, factory fabrikde işlemek to minut strelkasy/peýkamy work at a textile mill ýüpek fabrigi textile fabrik mirab mirap [mi:ra:p] n local water board işçisi worker of factory; haraz n mill süw harazy representative water mill miracle gudrat 2 n miracle, wonder, marvel million million [milli'on] num million bir million gudrat görkezmek to show/do a miracle/wonder million; one million gudrat bilen by miracle, miraculously minaret diň n minaret, turret, tower Osman miraculous gudratly 1 adj wonder-making, imperiýasynda uly diňler salynypdyr. Those big miraculous gudratly bolmak to be miraculous; minarets were built during the Osman empire. keramatly 2 [kera:matly] adj miraculous (sem. Şu wagt öňki asyrlardan galan diňleri we binalary domains: 4.9 - Religion.) restawrasiýa edilýär. Nowadays, historic mirage salgym [sa:lgym] n mirage, optical minarets and buildings are being restored. illusion salgym şekilli görünmek to seem salgym gözegçilik diňi watchtower Gözegçilik diňiň atmak to appear indistinctly, loom comp. üstünde serhetçi gözegçilik edýär. The frontier şalgyma çapmak guard keeps watch on the watchtower . comp. mischievous bimaza 1 [bi:maza:] adj diň gökden gelmek ; minara [mina:ra] n mischievous, restless bimaza çaga restless child minaret minara salmak to build a minaret Tomus penjirämiziň öňünde oýnap ýören bimaza metjidiň minarasy çagalaryň sesi eşdilýär. During summer you can mince farş cf: üwelen et. n mince, ground meat, hear the sound of restless children in front of diced meat; üwelen et cf: farş. (comp. of the window.; garagol [garago:l] n mischievous üwemek) mince, minced meat, ground meat child garagol oglan mischievous boy mind aň [a:ň] n mind, brain comp. aň-bilim misdirect azaşdyrmak [a:zaşdyrmak] v to comp. aň-düşünje misdirect, make someone lose their way, throw miner magdançy [magda:nçy] n miner meniň off doganym magdançy my brother is miner miser husyt [husy:t] n miser, skinflint husyt adam minister ministr [mi'nistr] n minister daşary işler miserly person, miser; jöhit 2 [jö:hit] n miser, ministri minister of foreign affairs kürsüsiz skinflint {vulgar} (portfelsiz) ministr miserable gözgyny [gözgy:ny] adj miserable, pitiful, pitiable gözgyny ýagdaýda bolmak to be a sorry sight, cut a poor figure misty dumanly [duma:nly] adj misty, foggy, hazy misfortune apat [a:pat] adv misfortune, mishap; dumanly gün foggy day; ümürli adj foggy, misty betbagtlyk n misfortune, bad fortune Adamyň ümürli gün foggy day ümürli daglar foggy başyna betbagtlyk inende güýçli bolup geçirmeli. mountains When misfortune comes on someone they need mix garjaşmak 1 [ga:rjaşmak] v to mix, blend to be strong to get though it.; külpet n spirt suw bilen garjaşdy alcohol mixed with misfortune, sorrow, grief, suffering külpet water reňkler garjaşdy the colors are mixed; çekmek to suffer, to grieve; towky misfortune garmak 1 [ga:rmak] cf: garjamak. v to mix, misfortune_happen başa bela gelmek (comp. of stir garym gatym mixed things garyşmak to be baş) to have misfortune come your way mixed together garyşdyrmak to mix together hamyr garmak mix floor with water hyýary, miss küýsemek 2 v to miss, to yearn (for) yzyňy pomidory, sogany dograp garmak cut tomato, küýsemek to yearn for home, to miss home; onion, then mix them together comp. tozana sowa n miss sowa geçmek to miss garmak missile raketa 3 [ra'keta] n missile ballistik raketa mixed garylmak [ga:rylmak] v to be mixed, be ballistic missile kosmosa goýberilýän raketa stirred; be confused, become confused Meniň space rocket ortaça agalyga hereket edýänraketa pikirlerim garyldy. I am/was confused. Şeker medium-range missiles "Ýer-howa" kysymly bilen kofe garyldy. sugar and coffee have been raketa 'Earth-Space' branded rocket. (sem. mixed köpçülige garylyp gitmek to be mixed to domains: 4.8.3 - War.) the majority; garym-gatym [ga:rym-gatym] mist duman [duma:n] n mist, fog Ir ertir duman adj mixed, confused Öýüň içi garym-gatymdy. boldy. It was foggy this morning. Duman tutup The room was in a mess. jaýyň içi garym-gatym ýol gowy görünmedi. The road was not visible the house is got mixed up garym-gatym etmek to because of fog. Gözlerimi duman tutup,başym mix garym-gatym naharlanmak mixing eating; aýlandy. My eyes blurred and I had headache.; garyşdyrylmak [ga:ryşdyrylmak] v to be ümür n mist, haze ümür basmak to mist over mixed, be stirred; garyşyk 1 [ga:ryşyk] adj Töweregi ümür örtdi.; ümürlik n fog, mist Bu mixed garyşyk topar mixed group Ýagyn gün howa ümürlik It is foggy today. garyşykly gar ýagýar. Snow mixed with rain falls mistake hata [hata:] n mistake, error, blunder; from sky harytlar dükany the shop of goods transgression hat iş sinful act; nähak 1 adj moan ah çekmek (comp. of çekmek1) to moan, mistake; wrong, mistaken Siz nähak pulsuz to groan; ah1 [a:h] n moan, groan ah çekmek to gelipsiňiz. It was a mistake for you to come moan, to groan; iňňildi n moan, groan zaryn without money. comp. nähak gan dökmek iňňildi sorrowful moan; nala 2 [na:la] n groan, comp. nähak gürrüň ; ýalňyş n mistake, error moan zaryn nala moan nala çekmek to moan, ýalňyş karar wrong decision ýalňyş hereket groan; complain; nalamak 1 [na:lamak] v to etmek to make a mistake moan or groan from pain or grief Ol mister jenap 1 [jena:p] n mister (respectful title durmuşyndan ah çekip, nalamaga başlady. for a man) Moaning about his life, he started to groan.; mistrustful müňkür adj mistrustful, distrustful uwlamak 2 v to moan Meniň dişim agyranda müňkür adam sceptic, cynic müňkür bolmak to gijesi bilen uwlap çykdym. Agşam düşümde erbet doubt Ol kime müňkür boljagyny bilmedi. He düş görüp uwlap çykypdyrn. {humans} didn't know how to be sceptical about model nusga 1 n example, model Ybraýym somebody. Hudaýa ynanmaklygyň, oňa wepalylygyň nusgasyny görkezen ynsan bolupdyr. Abraham monkey maýmyn n ape, monkey was a person who showed an example of belief month aý 1 [a:ý] n month Bir ýylda on iki aý bar. in God and trust in Him. Sen özüňden kiçilere A year has twelve months. comp. Aý gören nusga bol. ýaly moderate aram 1 [a:ram] adj moderate aram monthly aýba-aý [a:ýba-a:ý] adv monthly, every klimat temperate climate aram ýel öwüsýär month moderate breeze monthly_period görüm 2 cf: görk. n monthly modern döwrebap [döwreba:p] adj modern period görüm görmek to have one's monthly döwrebap bina modern building döwrebap period ýaşamak to have a modern lifestyle Ýaşlar garry monument ýadygärlik 2 [ýa:dygärlik] n adamlara görä döwrebap ýaşaýarlar. Young monument, memorial gadymy ýadygärlikler people have a more modern lifestyle than older ancient monuments kimdir birine ýadygärlik people. Döwrebap döredilen eserleri okaňda şol dikmek to erect a monument to somebody döwürde bolan kynçylyklara düşünýärsiň. When moo molamak [mo:lamak] v to moo, low (the you read modern books, you understand the sound that cows make) sygyrlar molaýar cows difficulties of earlier times. Arhitekturanyň low nusgasyny öňki döwürden alyp döwrebap mood galyp 2 [ga:ly:p] cf: görnüş, forma, nyşanlary bilen bina dikeltdiler. They copied the standart, ülňi. n mood galyba geýdirmek to put architecture of an ancient building, decorated it on a mood {grammar, emotions} comp. bir with modern symbols and built a building. galypdan çykan ýaly ; keýp 1 n mood, spirit, modernise abadanlaşdyrmak 2 temper, humour meniň keýpim ýok I am in a bad [abada:nlaşdyrmak] v to modernise mood comp. keýp çekmek comp. keýpiň moisture çyg 1 [çy:g] n moisture çig çekmek to kelläňde ; maza 2 [maza:] n mood, spirit absorb, soak up moisture; nem 1 n moisture, mazaň gaçmak to be in low spirits; terz mood dampness ýerde nem ýok the soil is dry moon aý 2 [a:ý] n moon ýaz aýlary spring moment halat1 1 [ha:lat] n time, moment şol months/season; moon täze Aý new moon Ol Aý halatda at that moment; möwrit [möwri:t] n ýaly gyz. She is a beautiful girl. comp. Aý gören moment, time, period onyň möwriti gytardy his ýaly time has expired Bu modanyň möwriti geçdi.; moonstruck Aý gören ýaly (comp. of aý) pursat 1 n moment, time, season, period tiz moonstruck, dumb with amazement Ýigit gyza pursatda immediately pursat tapmak to find time Aý gören ýaly, agzyny açyp seretdi. The young pursatdan peýdalanmak to seize the moment man stared at the girl with his mouth open, as amatly pursat the right time; salym n moment though moonstruck. Aý tutulmagy lunar eclipse bir salym dur! hang on!, wait a moment! bir moral ahlak [ahla:k] n moral ahlak taýdan salymda gutarmak to finish quickly morally speaking Ynsan ahlagy arassa bolmaly. Monday birinji gün n Monday, first day A person should be morally pure.; ahlaky Hepdäniň birinji güni men işe çykmaly. Meniň [ahla:ky] adj moral birinji iş günim örän gowy geçdi.; duşenbe morals moral [mo'ral] n (code of) morals, ethics [du:şenbe] n Monday {literary} moral goldaw moral support moral goldaw money pul 1 n money adamyň moral keşbi moral okamak money-lender süýthor [süýth:or] n money- more barha [barha:] adj ever more, increasingly lender comp. süýthoryň göri otda. Kerwen barha ýakynlaşyp barýardy. The camel train came ever closer.; köpräk more Men eneden bolmak comp. eneden dogma birden ýetmese diýip, ähli zatdan köpräk satyn mother-in-law gaýynene n mother-in-law aldym. I bought more of everything, in case if it motherland ene toprak (comp. of ene) will not be enough. motherland moreover üstesine post in addition (to), mother-of-pearl sadap 1 n mother-of-pearl, nacre moreover üstesine ol meni aldady In addition to sadap ýaly ak dişler white teeth as mother-of- it he deceived me pearl morgue meýithana [meýitha:na] n morgue, mother-tongue ene dili (comp. of ene) mother mortuary tongue morning ertir 2 [erti:r] cf: erte. adv morning, the motionless hereketsiz adj motionless, immobile, next morning ir ertir howa salkyn boldy. early immovable, inactive, rigid the next morning the weather was cool; irden motivate höweslendirmek v to interest, adj in the morning, morning(s) irden gelmek to encourage, give an incentive (to), stimulate, come in the morning; irki 1 [i:rki] adj morning motivate irki otly morning train motor dwigatel ['dwigatel] cf: hereketlendiriji. morning's ertirine [erti:rine] adj morning's, in n motor, engine ýangyç dwigateli petrol engine the morning, morning Ol her gün ertirine motorcycle motor 2 [mo'tor] n motorcycle, türgeleşik geçýär. he has training every morning. motorbike; motosikl n motorcycle, motorbike ertirine guşlar saýraşýar. The birds are singing in Ýawa motosikli A 'Yava' motorcycle mornings. mould heň n mould, mildew mortal pany [pa:ny] adj mortal pany dünýä 1 mortal world mount atlanmak2 [atlanmak] v to mount (e.g., a horse); münmek 3 cf: mündürmek. v to mosque metjit [metji:t] n mosque metjide mount, get on, ride ata münmek to mount a gatnamak to attend mosque; ybadathana 2 horse Sen pile münüp görduňmi? Have you ever [yba:datha:na] n mosque {Muslim} tried riding an elephant? {animals} comp. mosquito_net peşehana 1 [peşeha:na] n gahar-gazaba münmek comp. hyýala münmek mosquito net peşehanada ýatmak to sleep under comp. ökjesine münmek a mosquito net mountain dag1 [da:g] n mountain dagyň etegi the most iň adv the most iň gowy the best iň soňky the foot of the mountain Dagdan belent näme bar? last iň owadan gyz the most beautiful girl iň What is higher than a mountain? dag howasy ýokary dereje the climax, culmination, acme mountain weather dag jynsy rock strata moth güýe n (clothes-)moth güýe iýen moth-eaten; mourn hasratlanmak v to grieve, sorrow, be sad, perwana 2 [perwa:na] n moth {literary, mourn nocturnal} comp. perwana bolmak mourner gölegçi [gö:legçi] n mourner, one of mother eje 1 n mother Ejem! fv:Brit Mummy! funeral procession fv:US Mommy! Ol meniň ejem. She is my mournful zaryn [za:ry:n] adj mournful, mother.; ene 2 n mother eneden bolmak to be sorrowful, pitiful, pitiable zaryn sözler born Men garry enemi gowy görýärin. I like my pathetic/heart-rending works zaryn görnüş gransmother çaganyň enesi the mother of child sorry/pitiful sight zaryn iňňildi moan zaryn Guzular enesini tapýarlar. The lambs find their aýdym aýtmak to sing a sad song zaryn ses mother. ene goýyn mother sheep {lit} comp. ene sad/plaintive voice dili comp. ene süýdi comp. ene toprak comp. mourning agy 2 [a:gy] n mourning agy etmek to bokurdakdan geçirmek comp. durmuşa mourn (crying out loud) comp. ýürek agysy ; geçirmek comp. geçirýän işlikler comp. gözden matam [ma:tam] n mourning matam tutmak to geçirmek comp. itden geçirmek ; gozgamak 1 go into mourning; to be in mourning matam [go:zgamak] v to move Ol stoly ýerinden gozgap güni mourning day; ýas [ýa:s] n mourning, bilmedi. He couldn't move the table. comp. funeral ýas tutmak to grieve, mourn Derdini gozgama. ; göç 1 n move (to new place mouse syçan n mouse of residence) Iki göç - bir talaň. If you move several times you 'll get ruined.; göçmek 1 v to moustache murt 1 n moustache, mustache gür move (house or flat) Ol başga öýe göçdi. He murt thick moustache murtjagaz small moved (to another) house.; göçüm n move moustache gara murt jaty murt {person} comp. garalaryň göçümi blacks' move (e.g.in a board murt tabamak comp. murt uny palta kesmez. game); gymyldamak v to move, stir comp. murtuň towly bolsun, işiň şowly! comp. gymyldaman oturmak to sit without stirring; murty syh-syh bolmak hereketlendirmek v to move, to set in motion, moustached murtly 1 adj moustached, with a to put into operation eliňi hereketlendirmek to moustache murtly adam a moustached man, a move one's hands; perwaz urmak (comp. of man with a moustache {person} perwaz) v to rush about; to move to and fro; mouth agyz n mouth ýolbarsyň agzy lion's mouth buzz around guşlar asmanda perwaz urýarlar köşgüň agzy palace driveway Maýanyň maňa birds travel in the sky; süýşmek v to move, sögüşini agza alar ýaly däl. When Maya offended move up, move along; budge up {colloq}; me, [what she said] was unrepeatable. comp. süýşürmek 1 v to move something agyz beklemek comp. agyz birikdirmek comp. move_forward omzamak v to move/push agyzdan agza geçmek comp. agza aňkarmak forward/on/further comp. agza düşmek comp. agza garamak comp. movement raý 1 [ra:ý] n movement, pace agza öýkünmek comp. agzy aşa ýetmek comp. 2 agzy bimaza comp. agzy boş comp. agzy hapa moving hereketlendiriji 1 cf: dwigatel. adj comp. agzy ýelli adam comp. agzyna berk moving, acting hereketlendiriji güýçler driving comp. agzyna pugta comp. agzyna suw alan force ýaly comp. agzyndan gaçyrmak comp. much esse 2 adv much, amount girdejiniň ýarym agzyndan süýt ysy gitmedik comp. agzyny essesini işgärlere paýlamak to pay half the profit ysgamak comp. agzynyň diýenini gulagy to the workers eşitmezlik comp. agzynyň eýesi däl comp. much_worse beter 2 adv much worse Men agzyň tagam tapmak comp. agzyňy açaýma düýnküden beter üsgürýärin, lukmana ýüz tutmaly comp. agzyňy deňemek bolaýmasam. I'm coughing much worse than move butnamak v to move Meniň ýanymdan bir yesterday, maybe I'll soon have to call the ädimem butnama. I'm not moving one step from doctor. Mundan beter janyňy ýakma. Don't be here. Mina basan adam hiç ýerik butnaman sadder than you were before. durmaly, halas edýänçäler.; emel 5 n move mud palçyk 1 n mud palçyk bolmak to be/become göreşde emel ulanmak to use wrestling moves muddy Daşary palçyk It is muddy outside. comp. öz emeline özi çolaşmak ; geçirmek 5 v Meniň balagym palçyk bolupdyr. My trousers are to move, transfer başga işe geçirmek to transfer muddy. to another post klasdam klasa geçirmek to move mufti müfti n mufti [Muslim legal expert up into the next form comp. başdan geçirmek2 authorized to issue fatwas] {religious} comp. biri-birinden geçirmek comp. mug kürüşge n mug, tankard maňa bir kürüşge music suw beriň! give me one mug of water! {colloq} musical sazçylyk [sa:zçylyk] adj musical sazçylyk Muhabbet muhabbet 2 n Muhabbet {female mekdebi music-school; sazly [sa:zly] adj name} musical sazly komediýa musical comedy mukam mukam 2 [muka:m] n mukam music musician sazanda [sa:zanda] cf: sazçy. n Gökdepe galasy bilen baglanyşykly iki mukam musician; sazçy [sa:zçy] cf: sazanda. n döredilipdir. Ol dutarda mukamlary hem çalyp musician bilýär. [a type of music common in Central Asia Muslim musulman 1 [musulma:n] n Muslim, including Azerbaijan] Moslem Mullah molla [mo:lla] n Mullah {religious} mustard gorçisa n mustard comp. işan-molla mutter sarnamak v to mutter, mumble multi_storey gat-gat adj multi-storeyed, multi- mutual arkalaşyk n mutual assistance arkalaşyk storey gat-gat jaýlar multi-storeyed buildings, etmek help each other; özara [ö:zara] adv sky-scrapers, tower blocks gat-gat daşlar multi- mutually, jointly, between each other Olar storeyed stones özara äht edişdiler. The two of them made a multi-ethnic köpmilletli adj multi-ethnic joint agreement. özara baglanyşyk Amerikanlar juda köpmilletli halk. Americans are interdependence özara gatnaşyk mutual very multi-ethnic people. relations, relations özara kömek kassasy mutual multiple esli 2 adj multiple, several Güller esli benefit fund özara gürleşmek to talk to each ulalypdyr. She used several flowers other multiply köpeltmek 3 cf: köpelmek. v to mutual_help ýowar n mutual_help ýowar etmek to multiply ikini üçe köpeltmek to multiply two to help each other three {mathematics} comp. gepiňi köpeltmek ; my_goodness baý-bow [baý-bo:w] interj My örňemek [ö:rňemek] v to multiply, produce goodness! Baý-bow, bu garynjalara seret! My mummy mumiýa mummy {Egyptian}; mumyýa goodness, look at these ants! [mu:myýa] n mummy (brown pigment) Aýagy my_goodness! bäh interj my_goodness! döwlen adama mumyýa içirýärler. my_hope bar mydarym (comp. of mydar) my murderer gandar [ga:nda:r] n murderer, hope, my life Biziň ýekeje çagamyz - ol bar murderess hakyna tutma gandar hired assassin mydarymyz. gandar bolan adam murder ; ganhor 1 my_pleasure baş üstüne 1 (comp. of baş, üst) [ga:nho:r] n murderer ganhor häkim murder post My pleasure! Mamama erteki aýdyp sheriff bermegini soramyzda:"baş üstüne",diýip aýdyp museum muzeý [mu'zeý] n museum ülkäni berdi. Şol wagt dagyň üsti gar eken. Apparently öwreniş muzeýi museum of local lore, history there was snow on the top of the mountain at and economy that time. Kitap tekjesiniň üstünde kitaplar hem mushroom kömelek n mushroom kömelek depderler dur. Tekjäň üstünden kitap gaçdy. çöplemek to gather mushrooms Roýalyň üstünde notalar dur. Düýäň üstünde music mukam 1 [muka:m] n music, melody kejebe bezelgi dur. Şa gyzy piliň üstünde otyrdy. mukam çalmak to play music halk mukamy Oraz alty ýaşynda birinji gezek atyň üstüne

şadyýan mukam; saz2 [sa:z] n music saz bilen çykypdy. Men düşümde ganat gerip jaýlaryň meşgullanmak to be involved in music, practise üstünden uçupdyrn. Uçar halyň üstüne münüp music saza salmak to set to music halk sazy folk Alladin dagyň üstünden uçýardy. Uçar ak bulutlaryň üstünden uçup barýar. Samolýot the sky. ??! üstümizden uçup geçdi. The plane flew past us in

N n

nag Aýaly onuň gulak etini birsyhly gazap dur. named atly2 1 [a:tly] adj named, known as (comp. of gulak) His wife nags him all the namesake atdaş [a:tdaş] n namesake time.; igelemek 2 [i:gelemek] v to nag Ertirden narcotic narkotiki cf: neşe. adj narcotic, drug agşama çenli aýaly ony igeläp dur. His wife nags narkotiki jisimleri ulanmak to use drugs, dope; to him from dawn until dusk. be a drug addict {medical} nail çüý n nail hyrly çüý screw; çüýlemek v to narrate beýan etmek (comp. of beýan) to nail tagtany çüýlemek; dyrnak 1 n nail, narrate, tell Ol wakany şeýle beýan etdi... This is fingernail, toenail dyrnagyňy almak to cut how she told what happened... fingernails, cut toenails Onuň eliniň dyrnaklary narrative beýan [beýa:n] n narrative, telling; ak hem arassa. Her fingernails are clean and explanation comp. beýan etmek white. Dyrnagyňy alaňsoň eliňi sabyn bilen narrator hekaýaçy [heka:ýaçy] n story-teller, ýüwmaly. After cutting your fingernails you narrator; kyssaçy 2 n narrator, story-teller, must wash your hands with soap. Gyzym novelist dyrnaklaryna lak çalyp gül çekipdir. My daughter painted her nails and drew a flower on them. narrow dar 1 [da:r] adj narrow, close dar otag a Joramyň dyrnak süňki ters ösüp operasiýa etdiler. narrow room dar köçe narrow street dar My friend had an ingrowing nail which was düşünjeli adam a narrow-minded person; inçe 4 removed surgically. [i:nçe] adj narrow inçe çekimliler glides (in contrast to pure vowels) {grammar} naked ýalçy 1 adj naked, bare {landscape, trees} narrowness darlyk 1 [da:rlyk] n narrowness, namaz namaz [nama:z] n namaz [set Muslim lack of space, smallness, inadequacy, tightness, prayers, recited five times a day, as the Quran constriction, limitation, restriction Bu penjek commands] maňa darlyk edýär. This jacket is too tight for name at goýmak (comp. of goýmak) to name; me. at-abraý [a:t-a:braý] n name, reputation at- nasty murdar [murda:r] n nasty, disgusting; abraý gazanmak to improve one's reputation; defiled murdar etmek to defile murdar bolmak to at1 1 [a:t] n to name, call at dakmak to name be defiled murdar zat something nasty; nejis 1 Çaga mynasyp at dakmaly. A child should be [neji:s] adj nasty, unpleasant nejis howa foul named something fitting to them. Bu edaranyň weather nejis iş unpleasant work ady "Nur". This organization is called "Light." Oňa Ýalta diýen at dakdylar. They gave him the nation halk 2 n people, nationality, nation; nickname "Lazy One." at toparlary list of names; millet n nation, nationality milletiň näme? what atlandyrmak [a:tlandyrmak] v to name, give a is your nationality? comp. Birleşen Milletler name to someone, call Guramasy name_of_Allah Bismilla [bismilla:] interj in the national ählihalk adj national, nation-wide name of Allah [said at the beginning of many ählihalk baýramy national holiday; milli [milli:] prayers e.g. grace said after a meal] adj national milletparaz girdeji national income milli mesele national issue milli saz gurallary national musical instruments milli girdeji milli on the left hand side of; golaý 1 adj close, near, mesele millisyýasat milli göreş milli saz gurallary not far from onuň golaýynda near him/her/it; nationalise millileşdirmek [milli:leşdirmek] cf: ýakyn 1 [ýaky:n] adj near, not far, close Teatr millileşmek. v to nationalise senagaty bizden yakyn aralykda ýerleşýär. The theatre is millileşdirmek not far away from us. ýakyn wagtda in the near future {location, time} nationalism milletçilik n nationalism milletçilige garşy göreş fight against nationalism nearby ýanaşyk [ýa:naşyk] adj next (to), nearby, close by ýanaşyk öý house next door ýanaşyk nationalist milletçi cf: milletparaz. n otag next room ýanaşyk oturmak to sit next to nationalist; milletparaz cf: milletçi. adj nationalist milletparaz topar nearly golaý 2 adj nearly, about, around, almost, approximately Biz iki sagada golaý ýöredik. We nationality milleti n nationality walked for nearly two hours.; tas adv just natural tebigi [tebi:gi] adj natural Terjime tebigi about, nearly Emma 125-nji böküş Binn üçin bolsa, okatdyrýar. If the translation is natural, it tasiň soňkusy bolupdy. But for Binn, the 125th makes you want to read it. tebigi gaz natural gas [parachute] jump was almost his very last. naturally_determined kanuny 2 [ka:nu:ny] adj nearness ýakynlyk 1 [ýaky:nlyk] n nearness, conforming to the laws of nature, appropriate, closeness naturally determined kanuny hadysa natural Nebitdag Nebitdag [nebitda:g] n Nebitdag (sem. phenomenon kanuny ösüş natural development domains: 9.7.2.3 - Names of cities.) nature tebigat [tebi:gat] n nature, the natural necessary gerek 2 cf: gerekli. adj necessary, world; the environment Biz tebigaty important; essential geregiňi artdyrmak to get goramalydyrys. We've got to protect the more essentials Ol entek ýaş bolsa gerek. He still environment. needs to grow up. Olar häzir Angliýada ýaşaýan naughty bet adj naughty, mischievous Süýt bolsalar gerek. They might live in England now.; dükanynyň satyjysy bet häsiýetli aýal. The zerur 2 [zeru:r] adj necessary, essential, vital woman who runs the milk shop has a zerur kitaplar the necessary books zerur kömek mischievous character.; ýakymsyz 2 adj first aid naughty, mischievous neck boýun 1 cf: baş, egmek. n neck comp. naval harby-deňiz [harby:-deňiz] adj naval boýnuna atmak comp. boýnuna goýmak comp. harby-deňiz floty Navy boýnuna münmek comp. boýnuny sogurmak navel göbek 1 [gö:bek] n navel comp. göbek ene comp. boýnuny towlamak comp. boýun almak comp. öz göbegiňi özüň kesmek comp. boýun bolmak comp. boýun egmek near duş [du:ş] adj near, next to, about, around comp. boýun gaçyrmak duşunda durmak to stop near Maşyn öýüň need gerek 1 cf: gerekli. adj need Maňa surat duşunda durdy. The car stopped near the house. çekmek uçin galam gerek. I need a pencil to draw Öýüň duşuna ýetiberemde ejem meni garşylamaga a picture with. owaly bilen saglyk gerek first of çykdy. My mother came out to meet me when I all health needs. bize naharlanmak gerek we was nearly home. Dükanyň duşundan geçip need to have a meal; hajat [ha:jat] n need, barýarkam işdeşime gabat geldim. When I was necessity, requirement Hajaty ýok! There's no going near the shop I met my collegues. need! durmuş hajaty the necessities of life Gyzymyň mugallymy meniň duşum. My {colloq}; horlanmak 3 [ho:rlanmak] v need, daughter's teacher is about my age.; want, be in need (of), be in want pulsuz gapdalynda post near, next to çep gapdalynda horlanmak to be in need of money; kyýamat 3 [kyýa:mat] n need Kyýamat güni goňşudan. In uncared for, unsupervised; idegsiz 1 [i:degsiz] your day of need help will come from your adj neglected, deserted, uncared-for idegsiz çaga neighbour. comp. başyňa kyýamat düşmek ; neglected child idegsiz öý deserted house mätäçlik n want; need, necessity mätäçlik neighbour goňşy adj neighbour; neighbouring, çekmek to be needy; to be in need (of) mätäçlik adjacent, next goňşy öý the house next door ähli zady öwredýär. Necessity is the mother of goňşy otag the next room goňşy ýurtlar

invention.; zar [za:r] n need, want zar bolmak neighbouring countries comp. älem-jahan1 to need, want, to be in need (of) neighbours älem-jahan1 (comp. of goňşy) n needed gerekli cf: gerek. adj needed, important, neighbours necessary gerekli kitaplar necessary books neither ne 1 adj neither...nor Ertiden bäri men ne gerekli ýerinde when needed naharlanyp bildim, ne dynç aldym. Since needle çiş2 3 [çi:ş] n knitting needle jorap örülýän yesterday I have been able to neither eat nor çiş needle for knitting socks; iňňe 1 n needle, rest. Sen ne geldiň, ne telefon etdiň. You neither pin iňňe gaby needle case iňňä sapak ötürmek to came nor phoned. thread a needle comp. iňňe bilen guýy gazan nephew ýegen 1 n nephew {sister's son} ýaly comp. iňňeden çykma comp. iňňäň nerve nerw n nerve nerw keselleri nervous üstünde oturan ýaly bolmak diseases nerw merkezi nerve centre nerw needs isleg 2 n needs, requirements, demand, öýjükleri {anatomy} comp. nerwine degmek claim ruhy isleg spiritual needs/requirements nest höwürtge n bird's nest; öýjük 1 n nest; islegini kanagatlandyrmak to fulfil requirements, eyrie; den arynyň öýjügi hornets' nest ogrularyň satisfy smb's demands comp. göwün-isleg öýjügi den of thieves comp. arynyň öýjügini comp. isleg-arzuw gorjamak comp. belanyň öýjügi comp. ol needy mätäç adj needy, poor mätäç adamlar the akylyň öýjüji poor and needy mätäç bolmak to be needy, be net tor n net in want; to be in need (of) mätäç adamlar mätäç neutral bitarap [bi:tarap] adj neutral bolmak Ol medisina barlagyna mätäç. remonta Türkmenistan bitarap döwletdir. Turkmenistan is mätäç a neutral country. NEG -ma NEG hiç zat alma, gerek däl do not buy neutrality bitaraplyk 1 [bi:taraplyk] n neutrality anything, there is no need. 1995-nji ýylyň 12-nji dekabrynda Türkmenistan negative ýokluk forma (comp. of ýokluk) the hemişelik bitaraplyk statusyny aldy. In December negative {grammar} 12, 1995 Turkmenistan obtained the status of NegFut -maz NegFut permanent neutrality. neglected eýesiz adj neglected, derelict, deserted never hergiz [hergi:z] adj never, in no way; hiç eýerlemek öý deserted house eýesiz çaga haçan (comp. of hiç) adv never; hiç wagt 1 neglected child eýesiz bag neglected garden or (comp. of hiç, wagt) adv never Ol hiç wagt the garden without owner eýesiz sözlem ýalan geplemändir. He never told lies.; ömrylla impersonal sentence {gram}; har1 [ha:r] adj [ömrylla:] adj never, for nothing, not for neglected, disregarded, ignored, scorned har anything men ony ömrylla etmerin I will never saklamak to neglect, allow to fall into neglect do it bagy har saklamak to neglect a garden har nevertheless barybir [ba:rybir] conjunction etmek to neglect, disregard, not to pay attention nevertheless, anyway, even so, in spite of, in to; hossarsyz 2 [ho:ssa:rsyz] adj neglected, any case Barybir gitmeli bolar. Nevertheless it's necessary to go. nickname lakam 2 n nickname onuň il new täze adj new arasyndaky lakamy His nickname among the general populace newcomer keseki n newcomer, foreigner ody özüňe bas, ötmese kesekä try it yourself before niece ýegençi n niece {sister's daughter (dialect)} you experiment on others keseki el ýylan night gije [gi:je] adv night, at night uzyn gije all tutmaga ýagşy make a cat's-paw out of night long garaňky gije dark night Gijäňiz rahat somebody (sem. domains: 3.5.4.2 - Saying, bolsun! Good night! comp. gije-gündiz ; gijeki proverb.) comp. Kesekä girmek gadagan! [gi:jeki] adv night, nightly gijeki smena night newly täzelikde 1 adv newly shift gijeki myhman guest who stays the night; guest who arrives late at night news derek3 n news Geçen uruşda ýiten agamdan hiç derek ýok. There is no any news who lost in night_and_day gije-gündiz 1 [gije-gündi:z] last war. derek tapmak to search out deregi (comp. of gije, gündiz) n day and night, dargamak to be destroyed of the twenty-four hours Iş gündiz dowam etdi. Work foundation/root; gördüm-bildim n news, went on round the clock. gündiziň dowamynda tidings Ondan gördüm-bildim ýok. There is no over/during twenty-four hours gündiz işlemek to news of him. gördüm-bildim ýitmek to be work day and night; gije-gündiz 2 [gije- missing; habar 1 cf: informasiýa. n news, gündi:z] (comp. of gije, gündiz) n day and information, intelligence, message, report night, twenty-four hours Iş gije dowam etdi. soňky habarlar the latest news hoş habar good Work went on round the clock. gijeiň news habar bermek to inform, notify, send a dowamynda over/during twenty-four hours gije

message comp. habar gatmak ; jar2 n news, işlemek to work day and night report, message, announcement jar nightingale bilbil n nightingale Haýwanlar çekmek/etmek to announce, cry out; täzelik n bagynda bilbil guşuny gördük. In the animal park news; üýtgeşik 4 adj news üýtgeşik näme habar we saw a nightingale. Bilbil guşlar owazly bar? What is the news? bu gül üýtgeşik bu mata aýdym aýdýar. Nightingales sing beautifully. ondan üýtgeşik üýtgeşik adam üýtgeşik tagam nightmare garabasma n nightmare üýtgeşik bir hadysa üýtgeşik näme habar bar? ol nine dokuz num nine; dokuzlyk n the nine of ... üýtgeşik owadan üýtgeşik gowy adam; kerpiç dokuzlyk the nine of diamonds üýtgeşiklik 3 n news Näme üýtgeşiklik bar? ninety togsan num ninety What's new? ninth dokuzynjy adj ninth newsboy gazetçi 2 n newspaper seller, newsboy, Nisa Nusaý Nisa (sem. domains: 9.7.2.3 - Names newspaper boy of cities.) newspaper gazet [ga'zet] n newspaper no ýok 3 [ýo:k] modal v no Sen iňlis dilini next indiki adj next indiki hepde next week indiki bilýäňmi? Ýok. Do you speak English? No. ýyl next year; nobatdaky [no:batdaky] adj comp. Aý ýoga! comp. bary-ýogy comp. Söz next; next in turn nobatdaky meseleler ýok comp. ýoguna ýanmak comp. Ýoguňy tap! immediate tasks nobatdaky goýberiliş latest issue comp. ýok bolmak comp. ýok bolmazlyk comp. (of a journal, etc.) nobatdaky edilmeli işler ýok etmek comp. ýok zatlary aýtmak nice enaýy [ena:ýy] adj nice, good, pretty, no_difference biparh [bi:parh] adv makes no pleasant enaýy zat nice thing enaýy oýunjak nice difference; being indifferent Meniň üçin gyşy- toy enaýy gyz pretty girl ýazy biparh. It makes no difference to me whether it's Winter or Spring. Okasaň özüň üçin okaýaň, meniň üçin biparh. If you want to read none hiç hili (comp. of hiç) Pronoun not any, it, then read it - it makes no difference to me. none, no kind of hiç hili täzelik ýok. There isn't nobility asyllylyk n nobility; good upbringing any news. Hiç hili rol oýnanok. It is of no importance. It doesn't matter at all.; hiç noble asylly adj noble, well-bred, well brought- unknown none, not, no, nothing, not at all up asylly maşgala a well-bred family asylly comp. hiç haçan comp. hiç haýsy comp. hiç hili metallar precious metals comp. hiç kim comp. hiç wagt comp. hiç ýerde nobleman asylzada [asylza:da] n noble, comp. hiç zat comp. hiçden giç ýagşy. nobleman nonsense samyrdy 2 n idle talk, nonsense nobody hiç kim (comp. of hiç) Pronoun nobody, noon günortan [günorta:n] adv noon, midday no one günortan nahary lunch, dinner günortandan soň nod ümlemek v to nod, give a sign göz ümlemek afternoon to wink (at) el bilen ümlemek normal kadaly 1 [ka:daly] adj normal, normative noise galmagal 1 n noise, sound (of) Olaryň kadaly iş güni normal working day; normal galmagaly eşidilýärdi. They were heard making a [nor'mal] cf: kada. adj normal, usual, average noise. galmagal turuzmak to make a noise; normal agram usual weight normal ýagdaý lagyrdy n noise, loud talk Bir lagyrdy eşidildi. A north demirgazyk n north demirgazyk öwüşgini noise has been heard. (sem. domains: Liter - northern lights Literary.); wadyrdy n noise, din, uproar Ol jaýdan bir wadyrdy eşidildi. north-east gaýra n north-east gaýrak to the north- east gaýrak gitmek go to the north-east comp. noisy şermende adj noisy, troublemaker aýra üzülmek nomad çarwa n nomad northwards ýokaryk 2 [ýokary:k] adv nominate görkezmek 5 v to nominate northwards, northbound Maryda oturan kandidaturasyny görkezmek to nominate saryklar ýokaryk üýşüp başlaýalar. The Saryks someone for election who lived in Mary started to move toward the nominative baş 3 cf: boýun, egmek. n east - UP THE MOUNTAIN, HB. nominative baş düsüm nominative case nose burun 1 n nose Çybyn ýolbarsyň burnundan {grammar} comp. baş asmana ýetmek comp. dişläp başlaýar. A mosquito starts by biting a baş bermezlik comp. baş çykarmak comp. baş lion's nose. Dümeglänim bäri burnym dykylýar. egmek comp. baş galdyrmak comp. baş Konditer önümleri öndürýan sehiň töwereginden götermek comp. baş öwretmek comp. baş geçseň burnuňa süýji isler gelýar. comp. üstüne comp. baş-başdaklyk id. Başa barmaz! burnundan aňryny görmezlik comp. burnundan comp. başa bela gelmek comp. başdan gelmek comp. burnuňy uzatmak comp. burny geçirmek2 comp. başdan sowmak comp. deşilen ýaly bolmak comp. burun deşigi say. başdan-aýak2 comp. başy çaşmak comp. başy Gaharyň gelse, burnuňy dişle comp. iki eliňi çatylmak comp. başyna düşmek comp. başyna burnuňa sokup gelmek ; burun 2 n nose, goýbermek comp. başyna ýetmek comp. Başyňa interest Burnyňy sokmasyz ýere sokma. Don't put döneýin! comp. başyňdan gum sowurmak your nose into other people's business. (sem. comp. başyňy etegiňe salmak comp. başyňy domains: 9.7.2.1 - Names of countries.) comp. ýassyga ýetirmek burnundan aňryny görmezlik comp. burnundan non_existence ýokluk 2 [ýo:kluk] n non- gelmek comp. burnuňy uzatmak comp. burny existence comp. ýokluk forma deşilen ýaly bolmak comp. burun deşigi say. Gaharyň gelse, burnuňy dişle comp. iki eliňi burnuňa sokup gelmek notice dykgat n attention, notice dykgat bilen nosebag torba 3 [to:rba] n nosebag attentively not däl particle not, is not; ýok 1 [ýo:k] modal v notified habardar 1 [habarda:r] adj notified not to have Sende howly ýokmy? Haven't you (about), informed (about), advised habardar got a back yard? Meniň başga aýtjak zadym ýok etmek to notify, inform, advise, send a message, There is nothing more I want to say to you. let somebody know Geregi ýok (There is) no need. comp. Aý ýoga! notify duýdurmak 1 v to let someone know, comp. bary-ýogy comp. Söz ýok comp. ýoguna inform, report, tell, notify Geljek wagtyňy maňa ýanmak comp. Ýoguňy tap! comp. ýok bolmak durdur. Let me know when you will come. comp. ýok bolmazlyk comp. ýok etmek comp. Maslahat geçiriljekdigi bir aý öňünden ýok zatlary aýtmak ; ýok 2 [ýo:k] modal v not duýduruldy. They announced the meeting one to be there Ol öýde ýok He is not at home. month in advance. comp. Aý ýoga! comp. bary-ýogy comp. Söz nourishing güýçli 4 adj nourishing, nutritious ýok comp. ýoguna ýanmak comp. Ýoguňy tap! güýçli nahar nutritious meal comp. ýok bolmak comp. ýok bolmazlyk comp. novel roman2 [ro'man] n novel {literature} ýok etmek comp. ýok zatlary aýtmak November noýabr [no'ýabr] cf: Sanjar. n not_bad ganymat [gany:mat] adj not bad, quite November; Sanjar cf: noýabr. n November good Biz ganymat hasyl ýygnadyk. We gathered [Soltan Sanjar was a famous Turkmen warrior] in a good harvest. Nähili ýagdaýlaryň? Novruz nowruz n Novruz nowruz baýramy -Ganymat, sag bol. How are you? Not bad, thank [Muslim new year, according to the Persian you. Hudaýa şükür, ýagdaýym ganymat. thank to Calendar] God, i am better Biz ganymat iş edipdiris. we did now bakaly [baka:ly] interj now, now then Dur good job bakaly! Now wait!; indi 1 adj now, no longer not_head atmak 5 v not_head baş atmak to nod Ol indeks çaga däl. He is no longer a child. Ol one's head haýbat atmak to speak sternly gözüne indi uly adam. He is grown-up now.; şindi adv çöp atmak to only show/tell partially so faults now, shortly not noticable {non-verbal greeting} nowhere hiç ýerde (comp. of hiç) adv nowhere note bellik n note, point Mugallym ýygnakda number nomer 1 ['nomer] cf: belgi, ölçegli, okuwçylaryň tankydy belliklerini aýdyp geçdi. san, sany. n number When they met the teacher made some critical points about the students.; hat 4 n note, letter, number_of sany cf: belgi, nomer, ölçegli, san. memo, slip d üşündiriş haty explanatory note number of comp. dil haty comp. hat-pet gatnadýan ; numeral san 2 [sa:n] cf: belgi, nomer, ölçegli, ýazgy 2 n note ýol ýazgylary travel sany. n numeral birlik san singular (number) notes/sketches ýazgy etmek to take/make notes köplük san plural (number) mukdar sanlar notebook depder n exercise book, notebook, cardinal numerals tertip san ordinal numerals ledger; depderçe n small notebook, booklet {grammar} comp. sana salmak comp. sandan ýazuw depderçesi notebook zähmet depderçesi çykmak work record-card nurse eneke n nurse, nanny, child-minder; nothing hiç zat (comp. of hiç, zat) Pronoun medsestra cf: uýa. n (medical) nurse nothing, nothing at all hiç zatsyz galdyrmak to nursemaid idegçi 1 n nursemaid Idegçi onuň be left with nothing ýarasyna derman çaldy. Nursemaid anointed a medisine to his injured plaçe. nursing gözeg n nursing, looking (after), care, (after) Bu keselhanada syrkawlara oňat ideg tending; ideg 1 [i:deg] n nursing, care (of), edilýär. The patients are taken good care of in looking (after) ideg etmek to take care (of), look this hospital.

O o oak dub n oak dub jeňňeli oak-grove Güýz aýlary zat bolmak comp. zat diýmek dub jeňňeli ertekilerdäki ýaly owadan reňklere OBL -maly OBL; -meli OBL bürenýär. In the autumn months an oak-grove obligation borçnama [bo:rçna:ma] n obligation, becomes as beautiful as the stories about it. Iň engagement, commitment Ýolbaşçymyz bir uly dub agajy biziň köçämizde ösýär. The biggest hepdelik dynç alşda bolanda, hemme borçnama oak tree grows in our street. orunbasara tabşyryldy. Maňa iş hödürlänlerinde oar kürek 1 n oar, scull, paddle gaýygyň küregi maňa degişli borçnama kaýyl bolup şertnama gol boat's oar çekdim. oath ant n oath ant içmek to swear comp. Ant obscure alasarmyk [a:lasarmyk] adj obscure, içip, awy ýalady. ; lebiz n oath, promise lebiz vague; düşnüksiz adj obscure, unfathomable, etmek to promise lebziňde durmak to keep one's not understandable, not understood, words lebziňden dönmek to betray, break one's incomprehensible Düşnüksiz haty okaňda,nirede promise comp. lebziňi ýuwutmak haýsy harp durandygy belli däl. When you read oats ýaldyrbaş n oats (sem. domains: 1.5 - Plant.) an incomprehensible letter, you don't know obey boýun bolmak (comp. of boýun) v to obey, where to start. Seniň edýän gürrüňleriň submit to, keep Täze işe giremde kärhanaň düşnüksiz, many ýok. You are talking şertlerine boýyn boldym. When I started the new gobbledygook. job I had to keep the workplace conditions. observation gözegçilik n look-out, observation Tomus jogabynda klasymyzyň güllerini öýe getirip gözegçilik punkty look-out post Çaga gözegçilik seretmegi boýun boldym. Boýyn bolan işiňi gerek. A child needs to be cared for. hökman etmeli.; boýun egmek 2 (comp. of obstacle böwet 2 n obstacle, impediment Meniň boýun, egmek) to obey Buýruga boýun egmedik öňümde böwet bolma, men barybir giderin. Oglym esgerleriň etmişine görä temmisini alýardylar. bilen gelinimiň aralarynda böwet bolmaýyn diýip Beýik Watançylyk urşunda sowetler nemyslaryň göçürdim. böwet basmak comp. böwet bolmak ; öňinde boýyn egmediler. Boýnymyň damarlaryny päsgelçilik n obstacle, hindrance her hili sowukladyp, kellämi egip bilämok. Meniň päsgelçilikleri ýeňip geçmek to overcome all boýnymda meň bar. (şu sözlem dogry däl obstacles and move forward hasaplaýaryn) Derýaň boýnyna dynç almaga obstinate höçjet adj obstinate, stubborn, gitdik. refractory, opinionated, pig-headed höçjet oglan object jisim 2 n object; predmet 1 cf: rezerw, stubborn/obstinate boy; keçjal adj obstinate, ätiýaçlyk, çykalga, haryt, sapak, dersi, stubborn, naughty keç adam obstinate person şaýlar, zapas, zat. n object, article uly Mugallymlar onuň oglunyň örän keçjal bolmadyk predmetler small articles; zat 2 [za:t] oglandygyny aýdýarlar. Teachers say that his son cf: rezerw, ätiýaçlyk, çykalga, haryt, is a very naughty boy. comp. biriniň kejine predmet, sapak, dersi, şaýlar, zapas. n gaýtmak object, item comp. bir zat comp. hiç zat comp. obstinately özbaşyna 1 [ö:zbaşyna] adv offence gaty görmek2 v to take offence, be obstinately; of one's own accord özbaşyna bir iş offended; göwün-kine 1 (comp. of göwün, etmek to do something of one's own accord kine) n offence, injury, wrong, resentment, obtuse_angle kütek burç (comp. of kütek) dissatisfaction, kine etmäň! don't be offended! obtuse angle Biz geometriýada kütek burçy kine etmek take offence, be dissatisfied; göwün- öwrendik. We studied an obtuse angle at kine 2 (comp. of göwün, kine) n offence, geometry lesson. injury, wrong, resentment, dissatisfaction, göwün etmäň! don't be offended! göwün etmek obvious düşnükli adj obvious, evident, take offence, be dissatisfied; öýke n offence, intelligible, comprehensible, understandable, insult öýke etmek to take offence, to feel hurt; clear düşnükli zat naturally düşnükli geplemek to sögünç [sö:günç] n offence; ynjy n offence, speak clearly Depderiňdäki hatyňy düşnükli hem injury, insult; ýazyk 1 [ýa:zyk] n wrongdoing, arassa ýaz, Write your letter clearly and offence comp. Bir ýazykdan är ölmez, hiç accurately in your notebook. Tema düşnükli ýazyksyz är bolmaz. bolar ýaly mugallym köp mysal getirdi. The teacher used many examples so that the theme offend öýkeletmek cf: öýkelemek, öýkeleşmek. would be clear.; äşgär adj obvious, patent, v to offend, hurt (the feelings of) Ol meni gaty known äşgär ýalan obvious lie äşgär bolmak to öýkeletdi. He really offended me. be/become obvious äşgär etmek to admit, offended öýkeli adj offended, hurt, aggrieved declare; görnetin 1 [görneti:n] adj obvious, öýkeli bolmak to have a grudge (against), be evident, manifest, overt görnetin zorluk overt offended violence offended_by nadyl [na:dyl] adj to be offended by occasion ýagdaý 3 n occasion, moment amatly or dissatisfied with something ýagdaý right moment offer_tea çaýlamak [ça:ýlamak] v to give occasionally käwagt cf: kähalat, kämahal. adv (someone) some tea, offer tea (to someone) occasionally, time by time, sometimes Käwagt offered hödürlenmek v be offered, be suggested, meniň gygyryp, aýdym aýdasym gelýär. be proposed Oňa oňat iş hödürlendi. He was Sometimes I want to shout songs out loud. offered a good job. occupied eýeli 1 adj occupied, taken Bu ýer eýeli. offering sadaka (dial. var. sadaga) n offering, This place is occupied.; meşgullanmak gift, sacrifice sadaka etmek to have a religious [meşgu:llanmak] v to do, be occupied (with), meal sadaka bermek to give a gift, to offer a be busy(with), be involved (in), to take part sacrifice (in) sport bilen meşgullanmak to take part in office býuro [býu'ro] n office, bureau Sorag-jogap sports (sporting activities) býurosyna jaň edip, otlyň ugraýan wagtyny bildik. occupy eýelemek 1 v to occupy, take one's place Duralgada tapan pasportymy, ýitirlen zatlar öz ýeriýi eýelemek to occupy a seat, take one's býurosyna tabşyrdym.; edara [eda:ra] cf: place kontora. n office döwlet edarasy state office ocean umman [umma:n] n ocean düýpsüz umman ylmy edara research laboratory edarada işlemek Umman derýa (Hindi okeany) to work in an office edara etmek to set up an October oktýabr n October oktýabr aýy October office; kontora [kan'tora] cf: edara. n office,

oktýabr aýynda in October bureau kontora gullukçysy clerk; otag1 cf: kabinet. office odd bitaý [bi:ta:ý] adj odd, unpaired bitaý köwüş odd shoes; täk n odd (number), not a pair officer ofiser [ofi'ser] cf: serkerde. n officer sewing-machine ofiserler ýygnagy officer's mess oil_worker nebitçi n oil worker official emeldar [emelda:r] n official, noble; old garry 1 cf: köne. adj old garry aýal old lady; resmi [resmi:] adj official resmi habar official köne 1 [kö:ne] cf: garry. adj old köne jaý old information resmi çagyryş formal invitation house köne köwüş old shoes köne wagtlarda in resmi däl unofficial resmi wekil an official olden times, in days of old comp. köne zaman offspring döl 2 n seed, offspring, descendant agtarmak comp. köne-küşül Dowarlar ýylda bir gezek döl berse,döli iri bolýar.; old_lady kempir n old lady, old woman Kempiriň perzent n offspring(s), child(ren) ýalňyz perzent bilen çaý içeniňde, hezil bolýar. It is pleasure to an only child have a tea with your (old) wife. {arch} often köp 2 adv often ol bize köp gelýär he comes old_man goja n old man; ýaşuly 1 [ýa:şuly] n old to us very often comp. köp adamly comp. köp man nokat ; ýygy-ýygydan adv often, frequently Old_Testament Töwrat n the Pentateuch (book of Oguz oguz n Oguz [ancesters of Turmken, Moses) and historical books of the Old Seljuks, etc.] Testament; the Torah and the Prophets in the oh bä interj oh Bä, munuň gowudygyny! Oh, how Hebrew Bible {religious}

good that is!; eý2 interj oh Eý-waý! Oh no! Eý, older uly 2 adj older say. Myhman ataňdan uly oglanlar! Hey, boys! Eý, akmak! Hey, stupid! say. Myhman ataňdan uly comp. ula gitmek

Eý, jemagat! Hey, people!; o2 [o:] interj oh (ýaryşda iň uly baýraga gatnaşmak) comp. ula {surprise, happiness, etc.}; waý [wa:ý] interj tutmak (göreşde atly pälwan bilen çykmak) oh, ah, ow, ouch!; oops! waý, agyrýa-la! Ouch, comp. uly geplemek (öwünmek) comp. uly it hurts! waý, bu ýylany halyna waý! woe!; weý gepli (öwünjeň) comp. uly-kiçi comp. uly- interj (expr. surprise) oh!, oh, really! weý, sen kiçiräk (dürli göwrümli) comp. ulydan dem onyň syrkawdygyny bileňokmy? oh!, don't you almak comp. ulydan-kiçä know that he is ill? older_brother aga 1 [a:ga] n brother (older) oh! wäk interj oh! (expr. pain) wäk, elimi döwdüň!; older_sister bajy 2 n older sister (some dialects) wiý interj oh! (expr. surprise) wiý, görmändirin! Gyz maşgala doganlaryna we jigilerine bajy oh, I haven't seen you; ýa2 interj oh! bolýar. Women in the family are fv:bajy to their Oh_no! wah interj Oh no!; Alas! (archaic) wah, brothers and sisters. saňa näme boldy? wah, meniň ýadymdan olive zeýtun [zeýtu:n] n olive zeýtun agajy olive- çykypdyr. tree zeýtun ýagy olive oil oh_well bäbit bola! (comp. of bähbit) Oh well, it omen alamat 3 [ala:mat] n omen; yrym n omen, doesn't matter! Her iş bolsun, bähbit bolsun. May sign, superstition yrym etmek to bode, foretell each work be for the common good. [After e.g. on gaýdyşyn2 [gaýdyşy:n] adj on the way back, losing a lot of money.] while returning gaýdyşyn bize gel. On the way oil nebit1 n oil, petroleum comp. nebit ýagy ; ýag back call in on us.; üst 1 cf: *üstünde, 1 [ýa:g] n oil zeýtun ýagy olive oil maşyn ýagy *üstünden. on Käse stoluň üstünde. The cup is machine oil pagta ýagy cotton-seed oil ýag on the table. comp. *üstünden comp. aýak zawody creamery comp. ýag ýaly comp. ýagdan üstünde comp. aýak üstüne galmak comp. baş gyl sogrulan ýaly etmek comp. ýagy bilen ; üstüne comp. üsti açylmak comp. üsti açylmak ýaglamak [ýa:glamak] v to oil, grease, (Dildüwşügiň üsti açyldy.) comp. üsti bilen lubricate tikin maşynyny ýaglamak to lubricate a comp. üstünden arz etmek comp. üstünden düşmek comp. üstünden düşmek (tankytlamak) (upon a time) Men ony birwagt görüpdim. I saw comp. üstünden sowuk suw guýlan ýaly bolmak him a very long time ago.; birwagtlaýyn adv comp. üstünden sowuk suw guýlan ýaly bolmak once, one time (aşa geň galmak, aljyramak) comp. üstüne one bir 1 num one, a Sygyrymyz bir göle dogdy. comp. üstüne almak (Ol ähli jogapkärçiligi öz Our cow gave birth to a calf. Ogly atasyna üstüne aldy.) comp. üstüne çişmek (birine meňzeş, bir almany iki böleniň ýaly. The son gygyrmak) comp. üstüni açmak comp. üstüni resembles his father so much it's like two basyrmak (hamyryň üstüni basyrmak) comp. halves of an apple. comp. bir agza bakmak üstüni ýapmak comp. üstüni ýapmak comp. bir almany iki bölen ýaly comp. bir (jenaýatyň üstüni ýapmak) comp. üstüni çukura tüýkürmek comp. bir demde comp. bir

ýetirmek ; ýüz2 3 post on diwaryň ýüzünde on derejede comp. bir gezek comp. bir gözde the wall suwuň ýüzünde on the water ýer görmek/garamak comp. bir gysym bolmak ýüzünde all over the world comp. açyk (güler) comp. bir hasapdan comp. bir özi comp. bir ýüzli comp. agyr ýüzli comp. çilime ýüz urmak özüňe comp. bir wagtda comp. bir zat comp. comp. ýüz bermek comp. ýüz döndermek comp. bir-biri(ni) comp. bir-birine comp. biri comp. ýüz saraltmak comp. ýüz solgun comp. ýüz birimiz comp. kimdir biri comp. şeýle bir ; tutmak comp. ýüz urmak comp. ýüz-göz comp. birtaraplaýyn adj one way, one sided, ýüzbe-ýüz comp. ýüze çykmak comp. ýüzi unilateral birtaraplaýyn hereket one way traffic täzelenmek comp. ýüzüne atanak çekmek meselä birtaraplaýyn garamak; döwtalap adj comp. ýüzüne gara sürtmek comp. ýüzüni desirous, inclined, willing döwtalap bolmak to almak comp. ýüzüni ýuwmak be eager, be inclined Döwtalap bolmak üçin on_empty_stomach ajöze [a:jö:ze] adv on an edýän işiňi ýürekden söýmeli. To be willing you empty stomach should love your work with all your heart. Iki on_foot aýak aşagynda (comp. of aşak) on foot agamyň birisi ylmy işlerine döwtalap, beýlekisi medisina işlerine. One of my brothers is inclined on_point_of_tears aglasyň gelmek (comp. of to scientific works, the other to medicine. ; gelmek) to be on the point of tears öwreniji n one who learns, student on_top *üstünde 1 cf: üst, *üstünden. post on one_demanding talapkär cf: talap. top (of) Ol jaý dagyň üstünde gurlupdyr. baýryň one_demanding üstünde gurlan restoran Käse stoluň üstünde. The cup is on the table. one_of_number taý 3 [ta:ý] n one of an equal number, one of a pair, couple comp. fiziki once bireýýäm cf: birmahal, birwagt. adj once taýdan comp. ol taýda long ago Bu bireýýäm edilmelidi. Köýnek bireýýäm tikilip taýyn boldy. Sen maňa haýyşt onion sogan n onion edeniňden, bireýýäm dukana öziň gidip gelerdiň. only bary-ýogy 2 (comp. of bar, ýok) adv in all, Otly bireýýäm ugrady. Türkmenistanda only, just Gar bary-ýogy bir gün ýagdy. Snow

häkimiýetleriň täze ýol hereketi düzgünlerini fell, just for one day.; dek1 adv only, just; diňe girizmek isleýän wagty, ýerli ilat ýollarda günde adv only, merely, just Çagalary mamalaryna bolýan köpsanly hadysalar zerarly ýol hereketi goýup toýa diňe özüm gitdim. I went to a party howpsyzlygy çäreleriniň wagtynyň bireýýäm just by myself after I left the children at their ýetendigini aýdýarlar.; birmahal cf: bireýýäm, grandmother's. Ýaltanyp, şu gün diňe bir köýnek birwagt. adj once, at one time; birmahallar tikdim. I was lazy today and made only one adv once, at one time; birwagt cf: birmahal, dress. ; ýalňyz 1 [ýalňy:z] adj only Diňe ýalňyz bireýýäm. adj long ago, a long time ago, once ýol galýar. There is only one way. ýalňyz ogluň your only son; ýaňy 2 cf: ýaňyja. adv only, in view. çak bilen Çakym çykmady My view point all; up to now Biziň Aşgabatdan ugralymyz ýaňy didn't win out. comp. çakdan çykmak ; garaýyş iki ýarym sagat bolupdyr. It must only be two n opinion, point of view, standpoint, outlook, and a half hours since we left Ashgabat.; ýeke- view Şu mesele seniň garaýyşyň meni täk (comp. of ýeke) only gyzyklandyrýar. Your opinion on this issue opaque galyň1 2 adj opaque comp. ýüzi galyň interests me. Şu meselä seniň garaýyşyň nähili? what is your opinion on this issue ylmy garaýyş open açmak 1 v to open, inaugurate, turn on scientific opinion; nukdaýnazar cf: nazar. n gapyny aç to open a door Sport dürli ýurtlara opinion, point of view meselä dürli gapy açýar. Sports open the door to different nukdaýnazardan seritmek to look at a problem countries. comp. agyz açmak (orazada nahar from various points of view iýmek) comp. ara açmak comp. göwün açmak comp. gürrüň açmak comp. ot açmak ; açmak opium tirýek n opium 3 v to open, begin ýygnagy açmak to open a opponent eňek 2 n opponent Duran bir eňekdir, meeting comp. agyz açmak (orazada nahar bakmaz sözüňe. If any opponent is present don't iýmek) comp. ara açmak comp. göwün açmak hold back in what you say.; garşydaş n comp. gürrüň açmak comp. ot açmak ; açyk 1 opponent, adversary, rival; opposite number adj open açyk göwünli open-hearted açyk gapy, garşydaşyňy ýeňmek to beat one's rival garşydaş dükan an open door, shop comp. açyk ýüzli ; ýel head wind açyk-saçyk adj open, uncovered; açylmak 2 v opportunity ýagdaý 4 n opportunity, possibility to open sergi açylypdyr the exhibition opened Kynçylygy basyp, ýagdaý döredýär... When open_hearted ak göwünli 1 (comp. of ak, difficulties arise, possibilities are created... göwünli) open-hearted oppose baş göter (comp. of götermek) to oppose open_relations ara açmak (comp. of açmak) to opposite gabat 1 adj opposite, facing gabatma- begin a relationship, make an acquaintance, gabat oturmak to sit facing one another comp. open relations gabat gelmek ; gapma-garşy 1 adj opposite; opener açar 2 n tin-opener, can-opener; bottle- garşy 1 post opposite Ol meniň garşymda durdy. opener, corkscrew saz açary clef (eg, treble, He stood opposite me. myhmanhananyň bass) [anything used to open something else garşyynda Opposite the hotel. with] {music} oppress ezmek 2 v to oppress someone halky opening açylyş adv opening ezmek to oppress people; sykmak 2 v oppress operation operasiýa 1 n surgery, operation oppression eziş n oppression; jebir 1 n operasiýa etmek to operate, perform an oppression, persecution, yoke (of slavery or operation operasiýa bolmak to have/undergo an oppression) jebir çekmek to be oppressed jebir operation, to be operated (on) {medical} bermek to oppress jebir etmek to oppress, to opinion baha 2 [baha:] cf: çek. n opinion, torture, make somebody suffer comp. jebir-jepa popularity Teatrda goýlan sahna gowy baha comp. jebir-sütem ; sütem n oppression, abuse berildi. The stage that was put in the theatre sütem etmek harm, wrong, oppress, abuse; was well-liked. Doganyň dogana bahasy ýökdyr. zalymlyk 1 [za:lymlyk] n oppression, A brother's brother has no price. Mugallym despotism, tyranny; zulum 1 n oppression okuwça bäşlik baha goýdy. The teacher gave 5/5 kolonial zulum yoke of colonialism zulum to the pupil.; çak 1 n opinion, viewpoint Her astymda bolmak to be under the yoke (of) zulum zadyň çaky bar. Everything has its point of etmek to oppress zulum ediji oppressor comp. öz janyňa zulum etmek oppressive zulumly adj oppressive, tyrannical, order, conduct özüňe düzgün etmek to control aggressive oneself Özüňe düzgün edinen zatlaryň soňra oppressor eziji n oppressor; zulumkeş n endik bolýar. If you order things in your life oppressor, user of force; aggressor they will become a habit. comp. düzgün-tertip ; emir n order, command emir etmek to order, OPT -syn OPT command; höküm 1 n order, command höküm or ýa-da [ýa:-da] conjunction or, or else azatlyk etmek to order (by a judge); parz 1 n obligatory ýa-da ölüm freedom or death ýa... ýa-da either... religious order for Muslims; reje 3 cf: or Dynç alyş güni ýa kino giderin, ýa-da teatra! raspisaniýe. n order rejä salmak to put in On Sunday I'm either going to the cinema or to order; tabşyrmak 1 v to order, instruct Doktor the theatre.; ýa1 conjunction or Bu çaýmy ýa özüniň komekçisine nämedir bir zatlar getirmegi kofe? Is it tea or coffee? ýa... ýa either...or ýa... tabşyrdy. The doctor instructed his assistant to ýa-da either... or go and get some specific items.; tabşyryk n oral dilden adj oral, verbal, by word of mouth order; zakaz [za'kaz] cf: sargyt. n order zakaz dilden aýtmak to tell, say, speak Hat ýazman etmek to order zakaz almak to take an order habarymy dilden aýtdym. I delivered my zakaz boýunça by order öňünden zakaz etmek to message orally without writing. Toý çakylygyny reserve dilden aýtdyk. We issued a verbal wedding party ordinary_people garamaýak 1 n the ordinary invitation. Bu habar çap edilmän dilden dile people, common people geçdi. This message spread by word of mouth ore magdan [magda:n] n ore demir magdany iron- without publication. ore, iron-stone magdan çykýan ýer ore deposit orange apelsin [apel'sin] cf: pyrtykal. n orange magdan gazyp almak to mine (sem. domains: {fruit}; mämişi adj orange mämişi reňk orange 1.2.2.2 - Rock, Geol - Geological.) colour; pyrtykal cf: apelsin. n orange {fruit} organ agza 2 [agza:] n organ, member Adamyň orbit aýlanmak 2 v orbit Ýer Günüň daşyndan eli onuň bedeniniň bir agzasydyr. A person's arm ýylda bir gezek aýlanýar. The Earth orbits the is a member of their body.; organ1 [o:rgan] n sun once a year. baş aýlanmak to be dizzy organ gep organlary speech organs döwlet orchard bag 3 [ba:g] n orchard, grove miweli bag organlary organs of government jyns organlary (fruit) orchard comp. çagalar bagy genitals; organ2 [orga:n] n organ {music} orchestra orkestr 1 n orchestra organisation gurama2 n organisation; order buýruk 1 n order, command Aýal gyzlaryň guramaçylyk adj organisation guramaçylyk baýramçylygyna baş lukmanyň buýrygy bilen ukyby talent for organisation zenan işgärlere sowgat berdiler. carry out an organise etdirmek v to organise, get someone to order; the form of a command Komandiriň do something; geçirmek 8 v to organise, hold, buýrygy boýunça işi ýerine ýetirmek. ýazmaça take ýygnak geçirmek to hold a meeting sapak buýruk bermek buýrulan iş; buýurmak v to geçirmek to take a lesson comp. başdan order, command, book; düzgün 1 cf: düzgün- geçirmek2 comp. biri-birinden geçirmek comp. nyzam. n order, sequence işleri düzgüne bokurdakdan geçirmek comp. durmuşa getirmek to bring order to the work Iş tertibimizi geçirmek comp. geçirýän işlikler comp. gözden düzgüne saldyk. We order our work schedule. geçirmek comp. itden geçirmek Öňkiden şu günki düzgünimiz has gowulandy. organised guralmak v to be organised Today's rule is better than before. comp. organiser guramaçy n organiser düzgün-tertip ; düzgün 2 cf: düzgün-nyzam. n organism organizm cf: beden. n organism adam comp. ýüz urmak comp. ýüz-göz comp. ýüzbe- organizmi human organism ýüz comp. ýüze çykmak comp. ýüzi täzelenmek orginality özboluşlylyk [ö:zboluşlylyk] n comp. ýüzüne atanak çekmek comp. ýüzüne originality, peculiarity milli medeniýetiň gara sürtmek comp. ýüzüni almak comp. özboluşlylygy peculiarity of national culture ýüzüni ýuwmak özboluşlylygy bilen tapawutlanmak to have otherwise bolmasa conjunction otherwise, or peculiarities (else) Howluk, bolmasa ýetişmersiň!; ýogsa cf: origin aslyýet 1 n origin, beginnings ýogsam. conjunction otherwise, or else Meniň diýenimi et, ýogsa hor bolarsyň. Do what I told original özboluşly [ö:zboluşly] adj original, you or else you will be poor. ýogsa-da ; distinctive; peculiar, special özboluşly eser ýogsam cf: ýogsa. conjunction otherwise distinctive work obrazyň özboluşly aýratynlygy peculiarity of the image outer daşky 1 adj outer, outside, outward, external daşky täsir external effect Adamyň originate çykmak 7 v to come (from), originate daşky görnüşi içki dünýäsine laýyk gelip duranok. (with, from) comp. aradan çykan bolup çykmak A person's outward appearance conflicts with comp. ýatdan çykmak their character. daşky derweze outer gate daşky orphan atsyz [a:tsyz] n orphan; ýetim [ýeti:m] n geýim clothes for going out in, outside clothes orphan comp. ýetim-ýesir outlook aň-düşünje (comp. of aň) outlook, orphanage bäbekhana [bäbekha:na] n horizon; düşünje 2 n idea, belief (related to orphanage for babies, foundling home faith) başga düşünje different outlook Durmuş orphaned hossarsyz 1 [ho:ssa:rsyz] adj without düşünjäňi kesgitleýär. Life shapes your outlook. relatives, alone in the world; orphaned outrun ozmak 1 v to outrun, outstrip, hossarsyz çaga orphan, homeless child outdistance, leave behind; overtake gaty ozmak other aňry adj other side, opposite side, over to have a long start (over) (there) derýanyň aňry ýüzi other side of the outside daş2 2 n the outside, the outer part, river aňyrda otur to sit over there comp. aňryňa exterior, external daşky gapy external door daş il gonmak ; aňyr adj other side, opposite side, gulakdan eşitmek To hear from outside; daşary over (there) derýanyň aňry ýüzi other side of the 1 adj external, outside daşary çykmak to go river aňyrda otur to sit over there aňyrdan from outside; daşaryk [daşary:k] adv outside, out over there comp. aňyrsy-bärsi ýok ; beýleki adj Ýör daşaryk! Let's go outside! other, another, next derýanyň beýleki tarapy the outstrip öňürtmek v to pass ahead, outstrip, take other side of the river Kenaryň beýleki the lead (over), leave behind ol menden öňürtdi tarapynda owadan park bar. On the other side of he outsripped me; he took the lead over me the bank there is a beautiful park.; eýleki Pronoun other, another eýlemek tarapdan on the oven duhowka [du'howka] cf: tamdyr. n oven other hand; gaýry 1 adj other, another gaýry Biskwit elektro duhowkada gowy bişýär. Biscuits şäherli adam a man from another city gaýry bake well in an electric oven. Towugyň içine

ýurtly adam a foreigner; ýüz2 5 post other sogan,kartoşka,bolgar burçy we alma salyp köçäniň ol ýüzünde durmak to stand on the other duhowkada bişirdim. In the oven I cooked side of a street comp. açyk (güler) ýüzli comp. chicken stuffed with onion, potato and pepper. agyr ýüzli comp. çilime ýüz urmak comp. ýüz [gas or electric oven inside a house]; tamdyr bermek comp. ýüz döndermek comp. ýüz cf: duhowka. n oven tamdyr çörek tandoori saraltmak comp. ýüz solgun comp. ýüz tutmak bread [clay oven used for baking, especially fv:cörek or fv:nan] overcome bäs v overcome gazabyňa bäs gelmek can't sleep at night. Baýguş guşuny birinji gezek not be able to control one's anger zoologiýa muzeýinde gördüm. I first saw an owl overflow agmak 1 [a:gmak] v to overflow Suw in a zoological museum. bentden agýar. Water is overflowing the dam.; own jana-jan 2 [ja:na-ja:n] cf: janköýer. (comp. daşmak [da:şmak] cf: daşy. v overflow, flood of jan) own Ol meniň jan ýaly doganym. He is Sil suwundan derýalar daşýarlar. The rivers flood my own brother.; öz 2 [ö:z] Pronoun own öz from rainfall.; joşmak 1 [jo:şmak] v to hudaýy own god özüňi oňarmak to live by one's overflow own labour öz eli bilen by one's own hands overflowing pürepür adj overflowing, full käsäni häziriň özünde right now şu günüň özünde et do pürepür doldurmak to fill a cup until it right today comp. öz ajalyňa ölmek comp. öz overflowing aýagyňa palta urmak comp. öz göbegiňi özüň kesmek comp. özüni tutmak comp. özüňi ele overhang abanmak 2 [a:banmak] v to over-hang almak comp. özüňi oňarmak comp. özüňi Ýokarda gaýa bize abanyp dur. There is a cliff tutmak overhanging us. owner eýe 1 n owner, master; addressee eýe overtake ötmek 3 cf: ötüşmek. v to overtake, to bolmak to take possession (of) Hat eýesine pass comp. dünýäden ötmek gowuşdy. the letter was delivered to its overturn agdarmak 5 [a:gdarmak] v to overturn, addressee. comp. eýe bolmak ; hususyýetçi overthrow häkimiýeti agdarmak to overthrow [husu:syýetçi] n owner, proprietor; öý eýesi 2 the government; yňdarylmak v to turn around, n owner, landlord {house} overturn ownership ygtyýarlylyk 2 [ygtyýa:rlylyk] n ovum ýumurtga 2 n egg, ovum ýumurtga öýjügi ownership ovule {biology} ox öküz n bull, ox comp. Ýatan öküze iým ýok. owl baýguş [ba:ýguş] n owl Meniň, baýguş ýaly, oxygen kislorod n oxygen kislorod bermek to give gijelerine gözüme uky gelenok. I'm like an owl - I oxygen kislorod ýassygy oxygen bag

P p

pace gerim 1 n pace (i.e. length of one's steps) of the book.; sahypa [sahy:pa] cf: warak1. n giň gerim bilen ýöremek to walk with long page kitabyň sahypasy page of a book

strides, stride along sahypalary nomerleme pagination; warak1 cf: pack gaplamak 1 [ga:plamak] v to pack, pack sahypa. n page, leaf Bu kitap ýüz warak eken. something up, box, tin önümi gutulara gaplamak paid tölegli cf: muzdly. paid, something you pay pack up things into boxes kitaplary gaplamak to for pack books up pain agyry [a:gyry] n pain, ache; hupbat n package posylka [pa'sylka] n package, parcel torture, torment, suffering, pain, agony hupbat posylka ibermek to send/post a parcel görkezmek to make somebody suffer hupbat pack-animal ýükçi 2 n pack-animal ýükçi eşek görmek to suffer, torment oneself (about, over); pack-donkey {anml} yza 1 [yza:] n pain, ache page gat 3 n page Men haty kitabym gatynda painful azaly [aza:ly] adj painful azaly ýara goýdum. I slipped the letter between the pages painful wound; yzaly [yza:ly] adj painful, hurtful düşmek comp. penjä salmak ; şapbat 1 paint boýag n paint, dye Ak boýag alyp gapy we [şapba:t] n palm (of hand); şarpyk n palm (of dereçeleri reňkledik. Saçyma haýsy reňk boýagy hand) goýsam gelişçegini aýal dellegi bilen palm_reader palçy cf: palman. n palm-reader maslahatlaşdym.; reňk 1 n paint, colour in reňk panic aljyramak 2 v to panic Men gapjygymy çalmak to paint pola reňk çalmak to paint the ogurladyp aljyradym. My wallet was stolen and I floor Size haýsy reňk gerek? Which colour do panicked.; dowla düşmek (dowul) v to fall you want? comp. bugdaý reňk adam comp. into a panic; dowul n panic, scare, fear dowul reňki gaçmak comp. reňkki agarmak comp. döretmek to create a scare, cause a panic dowla reňkki öçmek ; reňklemek 1 v to paint, colour düşmek ; howsala düşmek (comp. of düşmek) (in) to panic, fret, worry, be pair goşa n pair, couple; jübüt 2 cf: jüp. n pair, anxious/uneasy/worried (about) Öýüň açaryny couple Bu jübütler goşa gumry ýaly. These two tapman howsala düşdüm. I was in panic because are like two doves. I couldn`t find the house keys. palace köşk n palace patyşa köşgi king's palace pants jalbar 2 n pants, slacks {Amer} Aşgabatda Bagt köşgi açyldy. In Ashgabat a paper kagyz 1 [ka:gyz] n paper, sheet of paper el Palace of Happiness opened.; palata 1 n palace süpürilýän kagyz napkin, serviette Bu kitabyň {arch} kagyzynyň hili pes. Biziň dükanymyzda iki dürli Palestine palestin [pales'tin] Palestine (sem. hajathana kagyzy bar. There are two different domains: 9.7.2.1 - Names of countries.) toilet papers in our shop. palm aýa [a:ýa] n palm (of hand) {anatomy}; parable tymsal 2 [tymsa:l] n parable eliň aýasy (comp. of el) palm (of hand) Meni parabolic parabolik adj parabolic parabolik ýoldaşym eliniň aýasynda saklaýar. My husband antena satellite dish {mathematics} holds me in the palm of his hand. Joram öz el parade ýöriş 4 [ýöri:ş] n procession, parade sagadyny ýitirdi. My friend lost her watch. paradise erem n paradise; Eden erem bagy Garden Doganym öýde el degirmeni oňardy. My brother of Eden fixed miller at home. Meniň çep elim agyrýar. I Paradise jennet 1 n Paradise, Heaven Jennet have ache on my left arm. Onuň elinde kitap eneleriň aýagynyň aşagynda. Paradise is under bar. He has a book in his hand. Oglumyň elinden the feet of mothers. tutup seýil baga gitdik. I took my son's hand went to the park. Eliň aýasy gijese, rysgalyň paragraph abzas [ab'zas] n paragraph göteriljekdir./yrym/ If your palm itches you will paralytic otura n paralytic otura bolmak to be get money. Magtymguly Pyragynyň el ýazmalary paralysed Saparmyrat Türkmenbaşy ad.kitaphanada bar. parasite mugthor [mugtho:r] n parasite, sponger, The manuscripts of Saint Magtymguly are kept scrounger in the library named after Saparmyrat parcel düwünçek 1 n package, parcel, bundle bir Turkmenbashy. Gyzym sag elinde däl-de çep düwünçek ýüň a bundle of wool Täze jaýa elinde hat ýazýar. My daughter writes left- göçenimizde ejem goşlarymyzy düwünçek- handed, not right.; gysym 1 n palm, cupped düwünçek edip düwüpdir. When we moved to the hand comp. bir gysym bolmak comp. new house my mother tied up things in gysymynda saklamak ; penje 3 n palm, hollow different bundles. Çaga düwünçegi kadaly ösýär. of a hand, cupped hand penjeläp almak to take a The foetus is developing normally.; ýaşik2 n fistful (of), to take a handful (of) comp. penjä parcel; carton pardon ýalkamak 1 v to pardon, spare comp. ejaza [eja:za] cf: wiza. n visa, pass, permit; Taňry ýalkasyn! geçirmek 3 v to pass eti geçirmek to mince meat parent guda n parents-in-law sapagy iňňäniň gözünden geçirmek to thread a needle Maňa geçir! Pass it to me! comp. başdan parents ene-ata n parents

geçirmek2 comp. biri-birinden geçirmek comp. park meýdança [meýda:nça] n park, playground bokurdakdan geçirmek comp. durmuşa gülli meýdança a park laid out with flower beds; geçirmek comp. geçirýän işlikler comp. gözden park1 cf: seýil bag, seýilgäh. n park şäher geçirmek comp. itden geçirmek ; geçit n pass parky city park parkda gezmek to walk in the dag geçidi mountain pass; geçmek 1 v to pass, park; seýilgäh n park; park, place for walking go past; to overtake geçip barmak to overtake parliament mejlis 2 [mejli:s] n parliament comp. içine-daşyna geçmek comp. içiňden parrot toty [to:ty] n parrot geçmek comp. onuň edeni geçýär ; ötmek 2 cf: parsley petruşka n parsley (sem. domains: 1.5 - ötüşmek. v to pass, go by Ondan soň bir iki aý Plant.) ötdi. After that two months passed. {time} part bölek [bö:lek] n part, partly Torty alty bölege comp. dünýäden ötmek ; ötürmek v to pass böldik. comp. bölek-bölek ; bölüm 2 [bö:lüm] n (through) iňňäniň gözünden sapak ötürmek to part, section, slice, piece, chapter, school, act thread a needle maşynlary köpriden ötürmek to Batyr institutyň gündizki bölüminde okaýar. Batyr take cars across the bridge hiç kimi bu ýerden studies in the institute's day school. Operaň ötürme don't let anyone pass here {colloq}; birinji bölüminde ýanymdaky oturan adam uzatmak 1 v to pass something to someone; to uklady. During the first act of the opera my pass to, to hand to Mergen elindäki kitaby neighbour fell asleep. Sülgüne uzatdy. Toý tamadasy myhmana participate gatnaşmak 1 v to participate in, take mikrofony uzatdy. Stolyň üçtündaki çaýnegi part in ýaryşa gatnaşmak to take part in a uzadaýda meniň elim ýetenok. competition pass_on ýollamak 2 [ýo:llamak] v to pass on particularly hususan [hususa:n] adv especially, pass_on_from_mouth_to_mouth agyzdan agza particularly, strictly hususan aýdanda strictly geçmek (comp. of agyz) to pass from mouth to speaking; ylaýta [yla:ýta] adv particularly, mouth Bu habar agyzdan agza geçdi. This news especially, unusually ylaýta hem in particular, arrived by word of mouth. especially pass_stool syçmak v to pass a stool Ol syçypdyr! partner höwür2 n partner, companion, mate; She's filled her nappy! şärik 3 n partner; ýoldaş 2 n (travelling) passage oňa hemme ýol açyk 1 (comp. of ýol) companion, fellow-traveller all roads are open to him; passage, duct dem party keýp çekmek 2 (comp. of çekmek1, keýp) alyş ýollary respiratory tract {anatomy} to party, have fun, drink Olar iýip-içip, keýp passed geçilmek 1 v to be passed, be covered çekdiler. They ate and drank, and had fun.; Ýoluň uly bölegi geçildi. The main part of the meýlis n party, banquet, celebration, a 'do' way was passed. Aşgabat bilen Moskwa aralygy meýlis guramak to organise a party; üýşmeleň 2 samolýot bilen dört sagatda geçilýär. The distance n party üýşmeleň guramak to arrange a party Biz between Ashgabat and Moscow is four hours by üýşmeleň edýäris. We'll have a party. şowhunly plane. üýşmeleň passenger ýolagçy 1 [ýo:lagçy] n passenger pass agmak 3 [a:gmak] v to pass, go over Onuň ýolagçy otly passenger train ýolagçy uçar air- ýaşy elliden agdy. He is over fifty years old.; liner passion howes 2 n passion, interest howes endurance döz gelmek ; dözüm 1 n patience, bildirmek to show one's interest (in); hyjuw 1 n restraint, firmness, stability Çaga terbiýelemek passion, heat, ardour, zest hyjuw bilen with a üçin dözüm etmeli. To bring up a child you must passion ýaşlyk hyjuwy youthful be patient.; kanagat 1 [kana:gat] n patience, ardour/enthusiasm endurance kanagat etmek to have patience passionate hyjuwly adj passionate, impassioned, Onuň haýal ýöreýşine biziň kanagatymyz ýetenok.

ardent, fervent hyjuwly söýgi fervent/burning ; karar1 [kara:r] n patience, perseverance, self- love control karar etmek to have patience mende karar galmady I'm not going to put up with this passionately ýürekli 1 adv passionately, with any more!; sabyr cf: sabyr-takat, takat. n passion, with zeal, zealously işe ýürekli patience, endurance sabryň gaçmak to lose ýapyşmak to set up to work with zeal patience sabyr etmek to have patience, show passport pasport 1 ['pasport] n passport pasport patience sabyr käsäň dolmak to lose patience stoly passport office awtomobiliň pasporty comp. Sabyr et! ; sabyr-takat [sabyr-ta:kat] cf: vehicle license pasport almak to get a passport sabyr, takat. adv patient endurance; pasportlary barlamak to check passports sabyrlylyk n patience, endurance sabyrlylyk {person} bilen patiently, with patience past_and_present öňki-soňky adj past and patient çydamly 1 adj patient, be able to bear present öňki-soňkyny ýatlamak to remember the something çydamly adam sowuga çydamly past and present ynha, onuň öňki-soňky edeni ösümlik; dözümli 2 adj patient, forbearing this is everything he has done; this is the sum Özüňden ejize dözümli bolmaly. You must be total of what he has done patient with a person weaker than yourself. pasta makaron [maka'ron] n pasta, macaroni, meselä dözümli daraşmak to patiently solve the spaghetti problemy; kanagatly 1 [kana:gatly] adj paste hamyrlamak [hamy:rlamak] v to paste; patient, having patience, self-possessed, pasta ['pasta] n paste diş arassalanýan pasta satisfied kanagatly bolmak to have patience; tooth paste sabyrly adj patient sabyrly bolmak to be patch uruşdyrmak 5 v to patch, to sew together patient, have patience; syrkaw 2 n patient Ýyrtylan jalwaryma ýama uruşdyrdym. Galan patriotism watançylyk patriotism watançylyk gykyndyk matalary uruşdyryp bir körpeçe tikdim. borjy watançylyk duýgusy; watanperwerlik n Şitilhanaň daşyna aýna ýetmedin ýerine paket patriotism Şahyryň watanperwerlik joşguny bar. uruşdyrdyk. Sowgadymy korobka salyp daşyna patron penakär [pena:kär] n patron, protector, owadan paket uruşdyryp oňardym.; ýama n sponsor penakär bolmak to be a patch ýama salmak to patch {clothing} patron/protector patchwork gurama adj patchwork gurama 1 patronage pena 2 [pena:] n patronage, köýnek a patchwork shirt [made out of several protection kimdir biriniň penasynda under smb's pieces of material] patronage/protection pena bermek to patronize, path pel 1 n path around field (often raised above protect irrigated land), boundary path pel çekmek to pattern gül 2 n pattern, ornament, design gül set/fix boundaries; ýoda [ýo:da] n path dag salmak to decorate with a pattern comp. gül ýodasy mountain path ýüzli ; nagyş n pattern, design owadan nagyş patience çydam n patience, endurance çydam beautiful pattern milli nagyş national design; etmek to suffer, endure, bear; döz n patience, nusga 2 n pattern dokumentiň asyl nusgasy; ülňi 1 cf: görnüş, forma, galyp, standart. n campaigner for peace; parahatlyk 1 pattern telpek tikmek üçin ülňi tikiljek geýimiň [para:hatlyk] n peace (absence of war); ülňüsini almak [or \cn (for) sewing] rahatlyk [ra:hatlyk] n peace, calmness Oňa patterned nagyşly 1 adj patterned, figured, rahatlyk gerek. He needs some peace (and decorated, ornamented nagyşly çäýnek quiet). rahatlygy bozmak to shatter someone's decorated cup peace and quiet, disturb somebody Gijäniň rahatlygy başlandy. The night's peace began.; pause dyngata alynmak (alynmak) v pause ýaraşyk 1 n peace paving ýanýoda n paving, paved road, road peaceable parahatçylyk 2 [para:hatçylyk] n surface Türkmenabatda ýanýoda çekilýär. calm, peace parahatçylyk söýüjilik peaceable paw penje 2 n paw, pad aýy penjesi bear's paw disposition comp. penjä düşmek comp. penjä salmak peaceful arkaýyn adj peaceful, calm, tranquil, pawn pil2 3 n pawn pili göçmek to move a pawn quiet, serene arkaýyn bolmak to not be worried {chess} comp. peşeden pil ýasamak comp. piliň arkaýyn dynç almak to have peaceful rest; gulagynda uklamak asuda [a:su:da] adj peaceful, peaceable, quiet, pay hak 5 n pay, salary, wage gulluk haky calm asuda durmuş quiet life asuda uklamak payment for services rendered iş haky earnings, peaceful sleep, uninterrupted sleep; parahat 1 wages, pay, salary hak talap etmek to demand [para:hat] adj peaceful (absence of war) wage bir günlük iş haky daily pay, daily wage parahat söýüji ýurtlar peaceful countries parahat Gowy işleseň, gowy hak alarsyň. If you work ýaşamak to live in peace hard, you will be payed well. Meniň hakymy peanut arahis [a'rahis] n peanut; ýer hoz (comp. ber. Give me my pay. comp. hak-hesip comp. of ýer) peanut hak-hukuk comp. hak-hukukly comp. hakyny pear armyt n pear alyp bermek comp. hakyňy gidermek ; tölemek v to pay pearl dür n pearl; merwerit [merweri:t] n pearl payment hasaplaşyk [hasa:plaşyk] n payment, peculiarity aýratynlyk [aýraty:nlyk] n settling (with); wznos cf: töleg. n payment, peculiarity, feature türkmen medeniýetiniň fee, due agzalyk wznosy aýratynlyklary Turkmen culture has its own special features. Ol aýratynlykda çykyş eder. He pea nohut n pea is doing it alone.; üýtgeşiklik 4 n uniqueness, peace asudalyk [a:su:dalyk] n peace, calm, peculiarity matalaryň biri-birinden üýtgeşikligi tranquillity asudalygy bozmak breach of the tagamyň üýtgeşikligi belli sesleriň üýtgeşikligi peace; dynçlyk [dy:nçlyk] n peace, calm, rest önümçilige üýtgeşiklik girizmek sungata üýtgeşiklik Oňa dynçlyk ýok. He has no peace. Adam getirmek Näme üýtgeşiklik bar? Siziň dynçlyk ýagdaýynda uka gidip bilýär. A man can durmuşyňyzda üýtgeşiklik barmy? sleep when he is at peace. Bar etmeli işlerimi pedestrian pyýada 1 [pyýa:da] n pedestrian edip dyndym indi işden dynçlyk. I finished all my pyýada ýoly footpath pyýada ýöremek to walk work, now I can rest. Halk dynçlygy söýýär. People like peace dynçlykda ýaşamak to live in pee aýak ýoluna çykmak (comp. of aýak) to peace Hassa dynçlykda bolsa ol basym gutulýar. spend a penny (go to the toilet) aýak bitmek to If a sick person is at peace, he will get better begin to learn to walk quicker.; oňşuk 1 n peace, concord, harmony; peel artmak 2 v to peel, take off excess Gyşda parahatçylyk 1 [para:hatçylyk] n peace ýoluň garyny artmaly. In winter, snow must be (absence of war) parahatçylygyň tarapdarlary cleared off the streets.; gabyk 3 [ga:byk] n peel, rind apelsin gabygy orange peel ýerine ýetirmek to fulfil the plan one hundred peg gaňyrçak n peg gaňyrçakdan asmak hang up percent on a peg perceptive duýgur adj perceptive, sensitive pen gabawhana 2 [ga:bawha:na] n pen Gaçan duýgur bolmak to be perceptive duýgur it keen- mallary getirip, gabawhana saldylar. The animals nosed dog that had run away were brought back and put perennial köpýyllyk adj perennial, long-living into the pen.; ruçka 1 ['ruçka] cf: tutalga, dub köpýyllyk agaçdyr An oak is a perennial tree syýagalam, tutawaç. n pen peroly ruçka şarikili (sem. domains: 1.5 - Plant.) comp. köpýyllyk ruçka {writing}; syýagalam cf: tutalga, ruçka, ösümlik ; köpýyllyk ösümlik (comp. of tutawaç. n pen, ink pen köpýyllyk) perennial köpýyllyk ysly ýaşyl-sary pencil galam2 n pencil galam bilen surat çekmek to gülli ot nahar bişirmekde ulanylýar A perennial draw a picture with a pencil herb with greenish-yellow flowers is used in cookery penknife çakgy n penknife, pocket knife perfect kämilleşdirmek [kämi:lleşdirmek] v to penniless kör köpüksiz (comp. of kör) penniless, perfect, make perfect; to improve Biziň without a penny Ol restoranda köp pul sowup, Prezidentimiz bilim ulgamyny kämilleşdirmek üçin kör köpüksiiz galdy. He spent all his money at alada edýär. Our President takes care of the the restaurant and left without a penny. education system for to make it perfect. penny teňňe1 2 n one hundredth of a fv:manat; perfect_oneself kämilleşmek adj to perfect penny, cent oneself (in), perfect one's... ýüzmekde pension napaga n pension; pensiýa n pension kämilleşmek to perfect one's swimming pensioner napagaçy n pensioner perfume atyr n perfume people halaýyk [hala:ýyk] n people, the public, period döwür 1 n time, period, age, era gadym crowds; halk 1 n people, citizens, populace, dowürlerde in ancient times Uruş döwri açlyk inhabitants zähmetkeş halk working-class people bolupdyr. During the war there was hunger. köp halk many people Köçe halkdan doludy. The kommunizm döwri the period of communism street was full of people. parahat halk a Daş döwri adamlar iki daşy biri-birine süýkäp ot peaceful nation şäher halky city people, çykarýardylar. In the stone age people got fire townspeople oba halky country people; il-halk to hitting flient rocks together. Öňki döwürde (comp. of il) people Biziň Prezidentimiz il-halk maşynlar bolman adamlar diňe atlar bähbitli işleri edýär. Our President does ulanýardylar. On ancient times there was not beneficial works for the people.; jemagat any car and people used only horses. comp. [jema:gat] n the people, the public; community atam döwüri ; mahal 1 n period, time gijäniň jemagatyň öňünde in public jemagat ony sylaýar. bir mahaly late at night hiç mahal never kä The public respects him.; ulus n the people, mahal sometimes suwsan mahalyň when you nation Şöhrat olimpiadada birinji ýeri feel thirsty; möhlet n period, time, term bir eýeländigine begenip ulus ili bilen gygyrdy. Mähri aýlyk möhlet period of one month gysga möhlet ejesi ýogalanda ulus ili bilen aglady. içinde in the shortest possible time möhlet doldy pepper burç n pepper comp. ajy burç comp. 1 1 time's up harby gulluk möhleti call-up period bolgar burç comp. gara burç ; gara burç onuň möhleti gutardy his time is up, his time has (comp. of burç , gara) black pepper 1 expired wizanyň möhletini uzaltmak to extend a percent göterim 1 n percent, rate göterim visa möhlet geçmek to expire, pass it's sell-by gatnaşygy percentage increase plany ýüz prosent date möhlet beriň! give us time! perish heläk bolmak (comp. of heläk) v to persecution azar 1 [aza:r] n persecution azar perish, die bermek to bother, persecute comp. Onuň permament ymykly2 2 adj permament onuň azaryna-da däl. ymykly ýaşaýan ýeri barmyka? has he a perseverance tutanýerlilik perseverance permament residence? Persian pars 1 n an Iranian; pars 2 n Persian, permanent ebedi 2 [ebedi:] permanent ebedi Farsi pars dili Farsi; a Persian language ýadygärlik eternal monument, permanent persimmon hurma 1 n persimmon (sem. memorial domains: 1.5.5 - Parts of a plant.) comp. hurma permanently hemişelik [hemi:şelik] adv for agaçy comp. hurma palmasy good, premanently hemişelik ýaşaýan ýeri persistence erjellik n persistence, insistence, permanent place of residence persistently erjellik bilen persistently erjellik permission jogap 2 [joga:p] n permission, etmek to persist consent jogap bermek to give one's persistent erjel adj persistent, insistent erjel adam consent/permission, permit, be responsible persistent person erjel gyz persistent girl işe erjel (for) jogap soramak to ask for a permission; ýapyşmak to do work persistently; tutanýerli rugsat n permission comp. rugsat almak comp. adj persistent rugsat bermek comp. rugsat etmek ; ygtyýar 2 person jan 2 [ja:n] n person, soul, human being, [ygtyýa:r] n permission ygtyýar bermek to give head jan başyna per head, per capita comp. jan permission, authorize ygtyýar almak to get etmek comp. jana-jan comp. janyňy ýakmak ; permission Onuň ygtyýary ýok. She isn't kes n person her kes everyone hiç kes nobody authorized. şiziň ygtyýaryňyz bilen with your hiç kes bu barada bilmez nobody will know permission, by your leave {giving the right to} about it; ynsan 1 [ynsa:n] n person, human permission_slip kepilnama n permission slip, {species, singular} certificate, permit Işe girjek bolsaň, ýaşaýan person_on_duty nobatçy 1 [no:batçy] n person ýeriňden kepilnama almaly. If you want to have on duty Kim nobatçy? Who is on duty? a job you need to get a residence permit for the personal hususy 1 [husu:sy] adj personal, own, place where you live. [This is the old Soviet individual hususy eýeçilik private property 'propiska' system - if you want to move to a hususy öý private house hususy maşyn own car; prestigious place such as Ashgabat you need a şahsy [şahsy:] adj personal, individual; private residence permit (propiska in Russian) to do so. şahsy sorag personal question These used to be obtained by buying a flat in personally hut 2 adv personally, in person hut özi the city but that loophole has since been himself/herself hut özüm eşitdim. I heard it closed, so it is now very hard to move around.] personally. Bu hut meniň gözleýän kitabym. hut permit ýol bermek (comp. of ýol) to permit, özi hut özüm gördüm. Men hut, ýagny balyk allow, give opportunity aýynda doglupdyryn. persecute yzarlamak 2 [y:zarlamak] v to pursue, perspective jähet (fr. var. jäht) n point of view, persecute, be after Ildeşleri Musany we Hudaýa perspective, position, aspect Bu jähetden biziň uýýanlary gazaplylyk bilen yzarlap başlanmyşlar. Prezidentimiz öwülmäge mynasypdyr. From this The countrymen reportedly began furiously perspective, our President deserves praise.; jäht persecuting Moses and those who believed in (fr. var. of jähet) n point of view, perspective, God. position persuade göwnetmek v to persuade, induce, physically fiziki taýdan 1 [fiziki 'taýdan] (comp. make someone agree, take one's consent Maňa of fiziki, taý) adj physically; fiziki taýdan 2 ony göwnetmek kyn boldy. It was difficult for me [fiziki 'taýdan] (comp. of fiziki, taý) adj to persuade her.; ynandyrmak cf: ynanmak. v physically speaking to persuade, convince, make someone believe physically_handicapped çaýsyk n physically Men ony ynandyryp bilmedim. I couldn't handicapped persuade him.; yrmak v to persuade, to incline, piano pianino n piano pianino çalmak to play the to win over, convince piano pervert ýoýmak v to pervert pick ýolmak 2 v to pick, pluck gül ýolmak to pick petrify saňalmak v to petrify, become like stone flowers ýolup aýyrmak to pull out, pluck comp. saňalyp durmak to stand stock-still saç ýolmak ; ýygmak 2 v to pick {fruit, cotton} petrol benzin 1 [ben'zi:n] cf: ýangyç. n petrol comp. agzyňy ýygmak ; ýygnamak 5 v to pick Maşynyň bakyny benzinden dolduryp, ýene ýola up köçeden ýygnamak to pick up in the street düşdük. We filled up the petrol tank, and picker ýygymçy 2 n picker pagta ýygymçylary carried on with our journey. {Brit} cotton-pickers {fruit, cotton} petty uşak 4 adj petty, insignificant Hajalygyň picture surat [sura:t] n picture, photo, image uşak işi içerleri, çagalaň oýnjaklaryny ýygna surata düşmek to have one's photo taken surat ýançam, ütük edýançäm bir salkynymy aldy. almak to take a photo surat alýan camera comp. uşak-düşek picturesqueness owadanlyk 3 n picturesqueness phaeton paýtun [paýtu:n] n phaeton tebigatyň owadanlygy picturesqueness of a pharmacy dermanhana [derma:nha:na] n nature chemist (shop), pharmacy, drugstore pie pirog n pie, tart almaly pirog apple pheasant sülgün n pheasant pie/turnover phenomenon ahwalat 1 [ahwa:lat] n piebald alabeder 1 [a:labeder] adj piebald, phenomenon Uçýan tarelkalar düşündirip patchy, spotted alabeder güjük spotted dog bolmajak ahwalat. Flying saucers are an piece dişlem [di:şlem] n piece, bite bir dişlem inexplicable phenomenon.; hadysa 2 [ha:dy:sa] çörek a piece of bread Bir dişlem çörek ýere n phenomenon, occurrence tebigy hadysalar gaçypdyr. One piece of bread fell to the natural phenomenon ground.; döwüm n hunk, piece bir döwüm nan photographic_plate plastinka 3 n photographic piece of bread. Kim gyzgyn çörekden bir döwüm plate {photography} iýip gören bolsa hiç wagt şol tagam ýadyndan phrase agza 3 [agza:] n phrase, clause Sözlemiň çykmaýar. If you eat a piece of hot bread, you esasy agzasy näme? What are the main clauses will never forget its taste. Düýşürgemez ýaly of this sentence? {grammar}; jümle n phrase, yrym edip, başuja bir döwüm çörek goýýarlar. sentence, expression Ata Watanym diýen jümle One superstition was in order to prevent hemmeler üçin mähirli. The phrase of My nightmares they put a piece of bread under the Motherland is kind to everybody. comp. jümle- head. ; nomer 5 ['nomer] cf: belgi, ölçegli, jahan san, sany. n piece, number Konsertiň başky nomerinde N. Halmämmedowyň 1-nji simfoniýasy physical fiziki adj physical fiziki zähmet physical çalyndy. {music}; para [pa:ra] n piece, part work fiziki güýç physical strength fiziki 3 (of) comp. aýyň parasy ýaly gyz ; parça 1 n gowşaklyk physical weakness comp. fiziki 2 piece kagyz parçasy piece of paper taýdan pier daýanç 2 n pier pill derman tabletkasy cf: tabletka. n pills, pierce çümmek 1 v to go into, pierce, be stuck tablets (medicine); tabletka [tab'letka] cf: into, be driven into Barmagyma tiken çümdi. I derman tabletkasy. n pill got a splinter in my finger. Maşynyň tigrine çüý pillar sütün cf: kolonka. n pillar, column çümdi.; geçirmek 13 v to prick, run through, pillow ýassyk 1 n pillow ýelek ýassyk downy pierce naýza geçirmek to run someone through pillow ýassyk daşy pillow case {sleeping} comp.

with a spear comp. başdan geçirmek2 comp. ölüm ýassygymda ýatmak biri-birinden geçirmek comp. bokurdakdan pilot uçarman n pilot geçirmek comp. durmuşa geçirmek comp. pin temençe n pin geçirýän işlikler comp. gözden geçirmek comp. pinch atym n pinch bir atym duz a spoon of salt itden geçirmek ; sokmak 1 v to pierce, insert, ok atym aralyk a very close place; çümmük n thrust in pinch, nip bir çümmük duz; gysmak 3 v to pig doňuz n pig, swine, hog doňuz eti pork, pinch, hurt, be too tight Köwüş aýagymy gysýar. bacon, ham doňuz ýaly like a pig Kasym doňuz (My) shoes are too tight. comp. içiň gysmak ýaly semiräpdir. Kasym was as fat as a pig. Häý, comp. ýürek gysmak sen, doňuz! You, pig! Jigim doňuz ýylynda pineapple ananas [ana'nas] n pineapple dogulan. My little brother was born in the year of the pig. Doňuz etini musulmanlar iýmeýärler. pioneer öňbaşçy n pioneer, entrepreneur Muslims do not eat pork. Köprüden geçýänçäň pipe torba 1 [to:rba] n pipe; turba 1 n pipe doňza daýy diý. (nakyl) Until you cross the pir pir 1 [pi:r] n pir Aman noşy oňa bridge call the pig 'uncle'. (Proverb) musulmanlaryň pire, işana ynanyşy ýaly pigeon gögerçin [gö:gerçin] n wild pigeon, wild ynanypdy. The ishan trusted the Muslim pirs' dove healthy appetites as much as his own faith. Pilaf palaw n Pilaf [high ranking muslim teacher] pilau palow n pilau, pilaff, pilaw palow bişirmek pishme pişme n pishme pişme bişirmek to cook to cook pilau; tüwi 2 n pilau, pilaff, pilaw pishme [deep-fried dough, rather like a {dial} doughnut, eaten on special occasions] pile topbak 1 n pile, heap, mass ajy burçuň bir pistachio pisse n pistachio nut pisse agajy topbagysy näçeden? how much does one pile of pistachio tree comp. pisse dahan

chillies cost?; üýşmek1 1 n pile, heap daş pistol sapança n pistol, revolver üýşmegi pile of stones üýşmek bede; üýşürmek 2 pit çukur n pit, hole, hollow, pot-hole çukur ýer

cf: üýşmek2. v to pile, to heap up Ol tarelkalary çuň çukur comp. bir çukura türkürmek ; oý1 2 stoluň üstüne üýşürdi. She piled the plates on the [o:ý] n pit, hole, hollow oý gazmak to dig a hole table. odun üýşürmek; ýygnamak 4 v to pile, pitcher küýze 2 n pitcher {Amer} heap, stack odunlary bir ýere ýygnamak to pile pitchfork ýabak [ýa:bak] n pitchfork up the firewoods pitiful naýynjar 1 [na:ýynja:r] adj pitiful; pile_up münderlemek v to pile up, heap up öňüň pitiable, poor, wretched naýynjar görnüş bar goşune bir ýere münderlemek pitiful/sorry sight naýynjar sözler pilgrim zyýaratçy n pilgrim pitilessness rehimsizlik n pitilessness, pilgrimage zyýarat [zyýa:rat] n pilgrimage mercilessness, ruthlessness rehimsizlik bilen with zyýarat etmek to be on a pilgrimage zyýarata mercy, mercifully rehimsizlik etmek to express barmak to go on a pilgrimage {religious} one's cruelty comp. rehimsizlik etmek, daraşmak plague garahassa n plague, black death pity haýp interj pity, shame, unfortunate Haýp, plaintiff dawagär 1 [da:wa:gär] n plaintiff, sen düýn gelmediň. It is a pity you didn't come petitioner dawagär bolmak to be a plaintiff yesterday. comp. haýpyň gelmek dawagär tarap plaintiff's side/position place basmak 7 v to place, put Polis ony tutup, plait gulpak n plait, tress, braid gulpak goýmak to gabawhana basdy. The police caught him, and plait, to put plaits in; örüm 1 [ö:rüm] n plait, placed him in a cell. say. Ody öziňe bas-ötmese braid saçyň örümi plait of hair dört örüm saç kesekä comp. ýüzüne basmak ; jaý 2 [ja:ý] n four plait hair place, location {colloq} comp. okuw jaýy ; plan meýilnama cf: plan. n plan; jelegaý n land, area, place, locality Sen bu meýilnamalaşdyrmak cf: planlaşdyrmak. v jelegaýda näme işleýärsiň? What are you doing to plan; plan cf: meýilnama. n plan, scheme here?; nokat 3 n place, destination, point soňky bäş ýyllyk plan five-year plan sapagyň plany nokat last place comp. nokat göçürmek comp. lesson plan okuw plany curriculum plan bölümi nokatma-nokat comp. Onuň gahary soňky planning department plan düzüji planner köp nokada ýetdi. ; orun 1 n place boş orun vacant ýyllyk plan a long-term plan plan boýunça place birinji orny almak to take/win first place according to plan plany dolmak to fulfil the plan ýatylýan orun bunk Maldarçylyk oba hojalygynda plany wagtyndan öň dolmak to complete the görnükli orun tutýar. Cattle-breeding is of great plan ahead of time/schedule plany artygy bilen importance in agriculture. {train} comp. dolmak to overfulfil the plan plan düzmek to ornuna comp. orun doldurgyjy ; salmak 2 cf: plan, make plans, draw up a plan;

salynmak2. v to put (in, into), place halta planlaşdyrmak cf: meýilnamalaşdyrmak. v salmak to put into a bag comp. abraýdan to plan, make plans, draw up a plan işi salmak comp. aldawa salmak comp. aldym planlaşdyrmak to plan the work senagaty berdime salmak comp. bilmezlige salmak comp. planlaşdyrmak to plan industrial development; diň salmak comp. duzaga salmak comp. sala programma 4 cf: maksatnama, proýekt. n salmak comp. tertibe salmak comp. yzyna it plan, agenda, policy reformalar programmasyny

salmak comp. ýola salmak ; sary2 [sa:ry] post goldamak to support plans for reform place ýör biziň sary come to our place; ýer 2 n plane samolýot cf: uçarmak. n plane samolýot place bu ýerde here ol ýerde there boş ýer free sürmek to pilot reaktiw samolýot jet-propelled place/seat comp. ýer almasy comp. ýer hoz aircraft; törpi n plane; ýonmak 1 [ýo:nmak] v comp. ýer tudana comp. ýerine comp. ýerine to plane, smooth something with a plane; cut ýetirmek ; ýerleşdirmek 2 v to place, put out, hew agaçy ýonmak to plane wood away, to put something in its place sandyga planet planeta [pla'neta] cf: yklym. n planet ýerleşdirmek to put away in a chest planeta sistemasy solar system uly planetalar place_of_honour tör [tö:r] n place of honour Töre major planets kiçi planetalar minor planets geçiň! Please move to the place of honour! (sem. domains: 1.1 - Sky.); yklym cf: planeta. [usually the furthest corner of the room, away planet (sem. domains: 1.1 - Sky.) from the door.; the most important guests sit in planned planly cf: meýilnamaly. adj planned, the fv:tör] systematic planly okulwlar planned lessons place_of_worship ybadathana 1 [yba:datha:na] planly iş planned work planly ösüş development n place of worship on planned lines planly işlemek to work placenta ýoldaş 4 n placenta (sem. domains: 2.1 according to plan - Body.) plant dikmek 2 v to plant (a tree) göz dikmek to play_tune bir heň gaçyrmak (comp. of fix/plant eyes on someone, or to envy; gaçyrmak) to play a tune oturtmak 2 v to plant; ösümlik n plant, player oýunçy 1 n player Ol gowy oýunçy He is a vegetation bir ýyllyk ösümlik an annual köp good player. ýyllyk a perennial iki ýyllyk ösümlik a biennial plead dat; perýat cf: dady-perýat. to plead; däneli ösümlikler cereal crops, grains ot-iým ýalbarmak cf: ýalbartmak. v to beg, plead ösümlikleri forage crops ösümlik dünýäsi flora ýalbaryp soramak to entreat; ýalbartmak cf: and fauna Türkmenistanyň ösümlik dünýäsi the ýalbarmak. v plead flora and fauna of Turkmenistan pleasant mazaly 4 [maza:ly] adv It is good; It is plant-grower ösümlikçi n plant-grower nice; It is pleasant mazaly siz gelip ýetişäýdiňiz It plaster gips n plaster gips daňysy plaster cast is good that you managed to come.; mylaýym plastic plastik adj plastic plastik sumka plastic 1 [myla:ýym] adj warm, pleasant mylaýym bag plastik jisimler plastics comp. plastik howa warm weather mylaýym ses pleasant voice operasiýa mylaýym owaz; ýakymly 1 adj pleasant, nice plastic_surgery plastik operasiýa (comp. of ýakymly owaz pleasant voice Ertiriň ýakymly plastik) plastic surgery öwüsýän şemalyna bütin jandar şatlanyp seslenýärdi. The whole of creation made a joyful plate plastinka 1 n plate plastinka görnüşli noise at the pleasant breeze of the approaching laminate; tabak 1 [ta:bak] n plate; tarelka day. ahem Ejemiň ýakymly hüwdi owazy integem [ta'relka] n plate ýadymda. Tokaýda ýakymly guşlaryň sesi platform platforma [plat'forma] n platform; sypa eşdilýärdi. Tamdyr nanyň ýakymly isini alyp, n platform [a baked mud platform used for agzym tükülikden doldy. Keteniň hemme reňkleri sitting on while drinking tea, especially in owadan, ýöne gülgüne reňk has göziňe ýakymly.; Sarakhs]; tapçan [tapça:n] n platform [for tea ýaramly 3 adj pleasant ýaramly howa pleasant drinking and sleeping when the weather is hot] weather play çalmak 4 v to play (an instrument) dutar pleasantly aýşy-eşret n pleasant, pleasantly; çalmak to play the dutar comp. arkasyny happily; ýakymly 2 adv pleasantly Dutaryň çalmak ; oýnamak 1 cf: oýnaşmak, owazy örän ýakymly ýaňlanýar - näçe oýnatmak. v to play Çagalar bagda oýnaýarlar. diňlesemem doýamok. The children are playing in the garden. küşt please ýaranmak 1 v to please oňa ýaranmak kyn oýnamak to play chess kart oýnamak to play It is difficult to please him cards futbol oýnamak to play football roluny oýnamak to play a part Ol Magtymgulynyň pleasurable lezzetli 2 adj pleasurable lezzetli syýasy we ruhy durmuşynda möhüm rol gürrüň pleasant conversation oýnapdyr. It played an important role in pleasure hezil 1 n pleasure, enjoyment, delight Magtymguly's political and spiritual life.; oýun hezil etmek to take pleasure (in), enjoy, delight 2 n joke, trick Ol oýun edip aýtdy. He told it for (in); hezillik n gaiety; cheerfulness, pleasure, fun. oýun etmek to joke, tease oýunlyga salmak enjoyment, fun; hözir [hözi:r] n pleasure, to joke, make fun (of) oýun götermek to take a delight, enjoyment durmuşyň hözirini görmek to joke comp. başyna oýun getirmek enjoy life; keýp 2 n delight, pleasure, play_trick oýnamak 2 cf: oýnaşmak, oýnatmak. enjoyment keýp bermek to give pleasure keýp v to play a trick (on), play a practical joke (on) etmek to take pleasure, to enjoy keýpden çykmak to enjoy comp. keýp çekmek comp. keýpiň kelläňde ; lezzet n pleasure; enjoyment, delight lezzet almak to take pleasure; to enjoy plumb boýlamak v to plumb the depth of some lezzet bermek to give pleasure; maza 1 [maza:] water and find it deeper n pleasure, enjoyment maza almak to take plump çişik [çi:şik] adj plump, fat, chubby, pleasure, enjoy maza bermek to give pleasure; stout ; pot-bellied rähnet n pleasure, enjoyment rähnet görmek to plunge çümmek 2 v to sink, plunge, be enjoy, take pleasure Çekseň zähmet - ýagar immersed, dip suwa çümmek to sink in the rähnet. If you work hard, you will reap the water rewards of your labour. PLUR -lar PLUR/ -s(plural form) kitaplar books pledge borçlanmak [bo:rçlanmak] v to pledge güller flowers oneself, be under an obligation (to), commit plural köplük san (comp. of köplük) n plural Pleiades Ülker n Pleiades Ülker ýyldyzlar toplumy sanlar iki topara bölünýär: birlik we köplük (sem. domains: 1.1 - Sky.) numerals are divided into two parts: singular pliers atagzy n pliers and plural plot dildüwşük n plot, conspiracy dildüwşük plus maýyl2 2 adj plus on gradus maýyl plus ten guramak to hatch a plot, plot, conspire Wezirler degrees patyşany öldürmek barada dildüwüşik guradylar. pock mama1 2 [ma:ma] n pock, pock-marks ýüzi The vizirs hatched a plot to assassinate the mamaly pock-marked face king. Organ işgärleri prezidente garşy pocket çuwal 1 n bag, pocket [hangs in a Yurt]; taýarlanylan dildüwüşigiň üstini açdy. The police jübi n pocket jübä salmak to put something in uncovered a conspiracy against the president. one's pocket Jübimde it uwlaýar. I'm broke. Dildüwüşik geçirmek üçin meýilnama düzdüler. comp. Jübimde it uwlaýar. ; kise 1 [ki:se] n They have hatched a plan for the conspiracy.; pocket gapdal kisesi side-pocket yzky kise hip- mazmun 1 [mazmu:n] n plot, subject matter, pocket kise sözlügi pocket dictionary kise sagady theme romanyň mazmuny plot of a novel pocket watch zamanyň mazmuny; mellek n plot, plot of land pocket-money harjylyk n pocket-money mellek ýeri plot of land mellek edinmek to get a plot of land mellek eýesi owner of a plot of land; poem goşgy n poem goşgy goşmak to write a pel 2 n plot of arable land poem; şygyr n poem {lit} plough agdarmak 2 [a:gdarmak] v to plough, poet şahyr [şa:hy:r] n poet turn ýer adgarmak to plough the ground; azal n poetic şahyrana [şa:hy:ra:na] adv poetic

plough; künde n plough agaç künde wooden point bal2 3 [ba:l] n point (in some scores) plough Şahmat ýaryşynda Lebap welaýaty Mary pluck ütmek 1 v to pluck towuk ütmek to pluck a welaýatyndan 3-2 bal bilen utuldy. In the chess hen goýnuň kellesini we aýaklaryny ütmek comp. competition the Lebap region lost to the Mary tutan guşuny ütmek (garşydaşyň aldawyna region 3-2.; görkezmek 2 v to point (at, to); düşmezlik) many 2 [ma:ny:] n purport, point, use, sense biderek gitmegiň manysy ýok there is no point in plucked ütük1 adj plucked ütük towuk (perleri gaçan) going there comp. many çykarmak ; nokat 2 n point gaýnama nokady boiling point ereme plug_in sokmak 2 v (re. appliance) plug in nokady melting point doňma nokady freezing plum garaly [gara:ly] n plum garaly gülläpdir. point {physics} comp. nokat göçürmek comp. plum blossoms garaly mürepbesi the jem of plum nokatma-nokat comp. Onuň gahary soňky nokada ýetdi. ; punkt n point, station, post ahyrky punkt terminal, terminus ilatly punkt comp. dil ýygnamak comp. dilden-agyzdan gal settlement, populated area daýanç punkty comp. dilden-dile comp. dile baý comp. dile strong point gözegçilik punkty observation post düşgür comp. dile garyp comp. dile-agza gepleşik punkty public (telephone) call-boxes, düşmek comp. dili agyr comp. dili barmazlyk trunk-call office punktlar boýunça okamak to comp. dili gysgalyk comp. dili süýji comp. dili read paragraph by paragraph; syh 1 n point; uç ýuwutmak comp. dilim aýlananok comp. 2 [u:ç] n point, edge; point; tip; top of one's diliňden sypdyrmak head; bottom of one's feet Daýanç bilen Guwanç pointless ugursyz 1 adj directionless, pointless hersi ýüpüň ujyny agaja daňyp hiňňildik etdiler. Çaryň doganlary onuň ugursyz oglandygy, köp Ýumagy pişik oýnap çöşelänsoň ujyny ýitirdim. arak içýandigine namys ederdiler. Gyz çaga Atam ýetmişiň ujyndan gädip ugrady, ýöne kiçiliginden ogurlyk etse soňynda ugursyz aýal şondada sport bilen türgenleşýardi. Nobata bolup ýetişýar. Biziň öňki alan sygyrymyz durmak üçin nobatyň ujyny soradym. Meniň ugursyzdy, süsýardi. Ugursyz otlary köki bilen saçymyň ujy gyrylansoň gyrkdym. Saçymyň örümi goparmasaň olar mellegi tutýarlar. Şiriniň täze çöşülenmez ýaly ujyna lenta goşyp ördüm. alan matasy ugursyzken şondan tikinen köýnegi Skotçyň ujyny aňsat tapar ýaly epläp goýaryn. tikininden süzüldi. Aklowjy ugursyz delil geçenligi Köýnegimi gasamda iňňäň ujy barmagyma çümdi. üçin kazy şol meseleden täze soraglar berdi. Serdar galama uç çykarmak üçin artyp başlady. Maralda ugursyz gylyk häsýet kändi şolaň birisem Gyzym burny uçlyja, oglymyňky bolsa jaýty gabanjaňlykdy. burun. Balerinalar barmaklarynyň ujynda tans pointlessly ugursyz 2 adv pointlessly Kärhanaň edýarler. Çagan baş ujyna ýoldaşlyk çörek ýolbaşçysy öz işgärlerine gaharlanyp ugursyz goýdym. Aýak ujyňa ýorgany goýdym, ýapynsaň. gepleşdi. Batyr ugursyz görýanligi sebpli comp. kelebiň ujuny ýitirmek (bulaşmak) doskadaky ýozylan zatlary okap bilenokdy. Leýli comp. ýeriň aňry ujy (gaty uzak) ýarawsyzlygy sebäpli ugursyz okaýardy, ikilik pointed çiş2 1 [çi:ş] n pointed (instrument), tool bahany alýardy. Awçylar şu gün ugursyz with a sharp point çiş taýak pointed stick; ýiti 1 awladylar, sebäbi erbet şemal päsgel berdi. adj sharp, pointed ýiti pyçak sharp knife comp. poison awulamak [a:wulamak] v to poison mör- ýiti zehinli comp. ýiti-ýiti möjegi awulamak to poison insects; awy 1 pointer dil1 3 n hand (of a clock), pointer, needle [a:wy] n poison, toxin, toxic substance Alakany sagadyň dili the hand of a clock Sagadyň kiçi dili awy bilen öldürmeli. The rats must be killed with sagady,uly dili hem munudy görkezýär. The little poison.; zäher 1 n poison zäher bermek to hand of the clock points to the hour, the big poison comp. zäher ýaly ; zäherlemek v to hand points to the minute. sagadyň dili the poison guýulary zäherlemek to poison the wells hands of a clock ölçeýji gurallaryň dili the needle aňyny zäherlemek to poison one's mind of measuring instruments Kremiliň uly jaňlaryň poisonous awuly [a:wuly] adj poisonous, toxic, dillerine ýüp daňyp, jaň kakýarlar. The huge venomous awuly madda poisonous substance Kremlin clock hands and chimes are driven by awuly dil venomous/biting tongue awuly sowuk ropes. comp. begin to speak, learn to speak biting cold; zäherli 1 adj poisonous zäherli dil comp. dil aýratynlyklary comp. dil birikdirmek insolence comp. dil bitmek comp. dil çolaşmak comp. dil POL -äý POL haty comp. dil öwrenmek comp. dil pole haçja n pole, cane öwrülmezlik comp. dil tutulmak comp. dil ujundan comp. dil ýarmak comp. dil ýetirmek police DAI n police {abbr}; milisiýa [mi'lisiýa] cf: polisiýa, polis. n police, militia milisiýa bölümi police department; police station; polis ikiýüzlülik. n "poor", two, unsatisfactory (i.e. ['polis] cf: polisiýa, milisiýa. n police; mark) Ol taryhdan ikilik aldy. He got a two for polisiýa cf: milisiýa, polis. n police history.; naýynjar 2 [na:ýynja:r] adj poor, sad policy syýasat 1 [syýa:sat] n policy pathetic/heart-rending words; pes 3 adj little, low, poor edilen işe pes hak tölemek to pay a low polite hoşamaý [hoşama:ý] adj affable, polite, salary for the work done comp. pes göwünli kind, courteous, civil hoşamaý adam kind man comp. pese düşmek comp. ýeriň pesi bilen hoşamaý geplemek to speak politely/kindly; comp. ýeriň pesi bilen hereket etmek ; pukara salykatly [saly:katly] adj polite, courteous, [pukara:] adj poor, needy pukara adam poor civil salykatly adam polite man salykatly man; pulsuz 2 adj having no money, without geplemek to speak politely; sypaýy [sypa:ýy] money, impecunious pulsuz adam poor man adj polite, civil, tactful poor_boy pahyr [pahy:r] n poor political syýasy [syýa:sy] adj political fellow/boy/thing, poor man comp. pahyr politician syýasatçy [syýa:satçy] n politician bolmak çepçi syýasatçy a left-wing politician poor_person bende 2 n poor person pollute hapalamak v to dirty, dirty something, poor_thing görgüli 2 n poor fellow/boy/thing; soil, pollute neresse 1 n poor chap/boy/girl/thing; pollution hapaçylyk 1 n pollution, destruction, youngster, child dirt, rubbish

poplar derek2 n poplar tree dik boýly derek Polot polot 2 cf: demir. n Polot [a boy's name] straight poplar ak derek white poplar (sem. polytechnic(al) politehniki adj polytechnic(al) domains: 1.5 - Plant.) politehniki institut polytechnical institute poppy göknar [gö:kna:r] n poppy; gülälek n politehniki okuw polytechnical training poppy (sem. domains: 1.5 - Plant.); haşhaş n politehniki bilim polytechnical education poppy (sem. domains: 1.5 - Plant.) pomegranate nar1 [na:r] n pomegranate populace il 1 [i:l] n general populace, inhabitants pool basseýn 1 [bas'seýn] n pool, swimming comp. il-halk comp. il-ulus comp. ile meňzeş baths Derýanyň basseýni. A place to swim in the etmek river.; howdan 2 [howda:n] n swimming pool popular ýörgünli 1 adj popular, widespread ýüzülýän howdan swimming-pool, swimming- ýörgünli at popular name baths Köp adam saglygy üçin howdan populated adamly 2 [a:damly] adv populated; gatnaýarlar. many people go for swimming pool ilatly [i:la:tly] adj populated ilatly ýer for their health Lukman näsaga howdana populated area gatnamaly diýip kepilnama berdi. the doctor told

him on his prescription to go to swimming pool population ilat1 [i:la:t] n population şäher ilaty ; howuz 1 n pond, pool townspeople, urban population oba ilaty rural population ilat ýazuwy census of the population poor eli gysga (comp. of gysga) poor; Ýaňy-ýakynda biziň ýurdumyzda ilat ýazuwy garamaýak 2 n the poor garamaýak adam a geçirildi. It held çensus reçently in our çountry.; poor man; garyp [gary:p] adj poor garyp adam ilat n population, people Türkmenistanyň ilaty a poor man garyp hojalyk poor household garyp 2 gün-günden artýar. The population of düşmek to become poor comp. garyp dil ; hor2 Turkmenistan is increasing day by day. 2 [ho:r] adj poor hor ýaşamak to live in poverty, be in need of something hor düşmek porch podýezd [pod'ýezd] cf: girelge. n porch, become poverty comp. hor-zar ; ikilik 1 cf: entrance, doorway ikinji podýezd the second entrance post aragatnaşyk bükjalar cf: aragatnaşyk port port1 cf: gämi duralgasy. n port, habour bölümi, poçta. (comp. of aragatnaşyk) letters, comp. derýa porty post, mail; post n post garawullyk posty sentry post postda durmak to be at one's post posty porter hammal [hamma:l] n porter; ýükçi 1 n taşlap gitmek to desert one's post porter {person} post_graduate aspirant [aspi'rant] n post- portrait suratçy [sura:tçy] cf: hudožnik, graduate student suratkeş. n artist, portrait artist, portraitist, photographer post_office aragatnaşyk bölümi cf: aragatnaşyk bükjalar, poçta. (comp. of aragatnaşyk) post portrait_artist suratkeş cf: suratçy, hudožnik. n office portrait artist postal poçta 1 ['poçta] cf: aragatnaşyk bölümi, position wezipe 1 [wezi:pe] n position, post aragatnaşyk bükjalar. adj post office ýokary wezipäni eýelemek to hold a high post {job}; ýer 7 n position, post {work} comp. ýer postcard otkrytka [at'krytka] n postcard, card almasy comp. ýer hoz comp. ýer tudana comp. postman aragatnaşyk bölüminiň işgäri (comp. ýerine comp. ýerine ýetirmek of aragatnaşyk) postman; poçtalýon position_of_consul konsullyk n the position of a [poçtal'ýon] cf: aragatnaşyk işgäri, hat-pet consul eger siziň konsullyk işiňiz bar bolsa öz gatnadýan. n postman, letter-carrier konsulhanaňyza ýüz tutup bilersiňiz. if you have potato ýer almasy (comp. of alma, ýer) potato a work in the position of counsel you can go to potter küýzegär n potter Meniň daýym meşhur your country`s consulate. küýzegär. My uncle is well-known potter. POSS -y POSS potty gorşok n potty possibilities mümkinçilikler (comp. of pound ýençmek to pound (eg, grain), hammer, mümkinçilik) possibilities, capabilities, beat features; resources, means, potential eler halal pour dökmek 1 v to pour, pour away, pour out gazanç üçin öwrülmek to increase the potential üstüňe çaý dökmek to pour tea over someone for honest earnings comp. abraýyňy dökmek ; eňtermek 1 v to possibility mümkinçilik [mümki:nçilik] n pour out, throw üstüne suw eňtermek to throw opportunity, possibility, chance comp. water on someone; guýmak 1 v to pour (into) mümkinçilik bermek comp. mümkinçilikler gazana suw guýmak to pour water into a pot comp. ulanylmaýan mümkinçilikleri ; Ýagyş dyngysyz guýýar. It is raining incessantly.; mümkinlik [mümki:nlik] n possibility, urmak 2 v to pound Gaharyna stoly urup, probability; wariant [wari'ant] n possibility, üstündäki suwly grafini dügdi. Kakmaç bişirmek alternative, variant üçin ilki eti pyçak bilen urmaly. Ýagyp başlan possible ähtimal [ähtima:l] adj possible, ýagyş aýna urýardy. Oglym pianinianyň probable; mümkin [mümki:n] [mümki:n] v klawişalarynda çalman barmaklaty bilen urýardy. modal possible, probable Mümkinmi? May I? comp. agyz urmak (dişlemek) comp. azm Girmek mümkinmi? May I come in? mümkin däl urmak comp. hars urmak comp. Hudaý ursun! impossible eger mümkin bolsa if possible (şert etmek) comp. kök urmak comp. mümkin olar ýatlaryndan çykarandyrlar. It is nyşanadan urdy comp. özüňi oda urmak (özüňi probable that they forgot. Şu gün howanyň aşa kyn ýagdaýa salmak) comp. reňk urmak comp. gyzaýmagy mümkin. Onuň geläýmegi mümkin. sowuk urmak comp. urup açmak comp. urup aglamak (özüň ýamanlyk edip,ýene özüňi ejiz görkezmek) comp. ýama urmak (ýamamak) [yba:dat] n prayer ybadat etmek to pray, say powder däri 1 n powder, gunpowder tüsseli däri prayers smoking gunpowder däri ammary gunpowder prayer_beads tesbi n prayer beads store; poroşok [para'şok] n powder diş prayer_mat namazlyk [nama:zlyk] n prayer mat poroşogy tooth-powder preaching wagyz 2 n preaching dini wagyz etmek power gudrat 1 n special power; gurp 1 n power, to preach a sermon bir teklibi wagyz etmek strength gurpdan gaçmak to lose one's strength; comp. wagyz-nesihat halat2 3 n miraculous power (religious); precious gaş [ga:ş] n precious stone göwher gaş kuwwat 2 [kuwwa:t] n power döwletiň brilliant stone ; gymmatbaha adj precious kuwwaty power of the state (sem. domains: gymmatbaha daş precious stone 4.6.4 - Rule.) precipice uçut 2 n precipice powerful güýçli 2 adj powerful, strong güýçli precipitation ygal n precipitation, rain; ýagyn n döwlet powerful state Gudratygüýçli Almighty; precipitation; rain, hail, snow etc. kuwwatly 3 [kuwwa:tly] adj powerful predatory wagşy 1 adj predatory, wild wagşy kuwwatly motor powerful engine haýwanlar beasts; ýyrtyjy adj predatory ýyrtyjy powerless kuwwatsyz 2 [kuwwa:tsyz] adj haýwanlar predatory animals ýyrtyjy guşlar powerless kuwwatsyz döwlet powerless state birds of prey praise arşa cykarmak (comp. of aryş) to praise; predestined takdyr [takdy:r] n divinely magtamak v to praise söwdagär harydyny predestined (fate) magtap başlady a salesman started praising his predicament girdap 2 [girda:p] n predicament, goods; öwgi n praise öwgüsini ýetirmek to praise difficulty girdaba düşmek to find o.s. (to be) in a (highly); öwmek v to praise, extol comp. öwüp predicament arşa çykarmak comp. Özüni öweniň tanapy çüýrük. ; taryp [ta:ry:p] n praise, thanks, predicate habar 3 cf: informasiýa. n predicate compliment, boast; taryplamak [ta:ry:plamak] {grammar} comp. habar gatmak v to praise, complement preface sözbaşy preface pram el araba cf: kolýaska. (comp. of araba) pregnant agzy bimaza (comp. of agyz) to be

pram, pushchair, stroller; kolýaska [kol'ýaska] pregnant; bogaz2 adj pregnant Sygyrymyz bogaz cf: el araba. n pram, pushchair, stroller çaga bolanlygy üçin, sagamzok. Goýyn soýylmazdan öň kolýaskasy pram inwalid kolýaskasy wheelchair bogazmy dälmi barlanylýar, sebäbi bogaz mal motosikliň kolýaskasy side-car soýmak günä. {animals}; göwreli adj pregnant prattler agzyboş 1 n prattler {hum}; hamyla [ha:my:la] adj pregnant, expecting pray aýat okamak [a:ýat okamak] v to pray [prayer at a Hudaý ýoly (wake)] premature kemis adj premature, prematurely born kemis çaga prematurely born child prayer doga 2 [doga:] n prayer doga okamak to {colloq} pray Mamam irden turanda hem agşam ýatjak wagty doga okap ýatýar. My grandmother prays prematurely biwagt 1 [bi:wagt] cf: bimahal. in the early morning and before going to bed in adv prematurely, untimely, suddenly Işden the evening. Gije düýşürgäp turamda bilýän biwagt çykanyma ökünýarin, ýenede alty aý dogalarymy okap,ýene-de ýatdym. When I had işlýmelikenim. Garaşylmadyk myhman biwagt nightmare and woke up at night I prayed what geldi, gije sagat onbirde. Biwagt, sagat öýlän I know and went to sleep again. ; ybadat 3 altydan sekize çenli ýatsaň halananok. preparation taýýarlyk 1 [taýýa:rlyk] n metbugat işgärleri the press metbugat azatlygy preparation, readiness freedom of the press Metbugat güni the Press preparations tutum n preparations Day Metbugat öýi; sançmak 2 cf: sanjamak. v to press marks in (e.g.. bread); sykmak 1 v to prepare çemelenmek v to prepare oneself, be/get press, squeeze ready topy gapmaga çemelenmek; häzirlemek v to prepare, make ready; özleşdirmek 2 pressure basyş n pressure gan basyşy blood [ö:zleşdirmek] v to prepare tarp ýerleri pressure ýokary/aşak basyş high/low pressure özleşdirmek to prepare virgin land for sowing; Garry adamlaryň gan basyşy ýokaryk galsa, olar pişgelemek v to prepare wool for spinning heläk bolýarlar. If an old man's blood pressure egirmek üçin ýüň pişgelemek to prepare wool for rises, it is dangerous. spinning; taýýarlamak 1 [taýýa:rlamak] v to prevent böwet bolmak (comp. of böwet) to prepare, get (something) ready, make prevent (from) Türkmen diliniň ösüşine näme (something) ready; taýýarlanmak böwet bolýar? What's preventing Turkmen from [taýýa:rlanmak] v to prepare oneself, get growing? oneself ready G. ýola taýýarlanýar G. is getting previous ozalky cf: owalky. the previous; öňüni ready to go; ykjamlanmak v to prepare soňuny pikir edip geplemek 2 (comp. of öň) oneself, collect oneself, get ready ykjamlanyp before, previous(ly) wagtyndan öň before one's durmak to be/get ready time Ol öň beýle däldi. He was not like this prepayment awans [a'wans] n prepayment previously. Biz öň şäherde ýaşaýardik. We used awans almak to get a salary advance to live in the city. present häzirki adj present, modern-day, current price baha 1 [baha:] cf: çek. n price, cost Çöregiň {grammar}; saçak 2 n present saçakly bahasy näçe? How much is the bread? Satylýan gatnaşmak to exchange presents {fig}; sowgat erbet hilli aýak gaplar bahasyna görä däl. The n present, gift poor-quality footware is not worth their cost. presenter dokladçy cf: nutukçy. n presenter, Muzeýdäki eksponatlaryň bahasy çäksiz. The speaker Dokladçy ýygnaga geçirilen işler barada exhibits in the museum were priceless. belli doklad taýarlady. The presenter prepared a bahasy ýok no fixed cost report about the work done in the meeting. priceless belli bahasy ýok (comp. of belli) presently häzir 1 adv now, presently, at the priceless moment, currently, at once Häzir! Just a pride buýsanç n pride Ýurdymyň parahat hem minute! comp. häzir bolmak asudalygyna buýsanç bilen garaýaryn. Öz president prezident [prezi'dent] n president ýakynlaň barada buýsanç bilen geplemek örän ýakymly.; guwanç 1 n pride halkyň guwanjy presidenthood prezidentlik n position of a people's pride; tekepbirlik [tekepbi:rlik] n president pride, arrogance press çap cf: peçat1. n press çap etmek to print, to priest ahun [a:hu:n] n senior priest, Islamic publish, to type çapdan çykmak to be published, scholar; ruhany [ru:ha:ny:] n priest; ymam to be printed; gysmak 2 v to press, clasp [yma:m] n priest {Muslim} çagany gujagyňa gysmak to clasp/press the child to one's breast/bosom comp. içiň gysmak comp. prince(ss) şazada [şa:za:da] n prince, princess ýürek gysmak ; gysmyljyramak v to press principle prinsip ['prinsip] n principle bir oneself (to), snuggle up (to), cuddle up (to), prinsipe eýermek to follow the priciple (of) nestle up (to); metbugat [metbu:gat] n press comp. prinsipe gitmek printers basmahana [basmaha:na] n printing [ö:ndürmek] v to produce, manufacture süýt house, printers önümlerini öndürmek to produce dairy products; printing çaphana [çapha:na] n print house, önüm 1 [ö:nüm] n product, produce süýt printing çaphana işi the work of a print house; önümleri dairy produce oba hojalyk önümleri

peçat1 2 [pe'çat] cf: çap. n publishing, printing farm produce nebit önümleri oil products peçat etmek to print (out) peçatdan çykmak to be önümümiň gymmaty cost of products ähli önüm published, come out gross product prison türme cf: tussaghana; zyndan. n prison, producer öndüriji [ö:ndüriji] n producer (of jail, gaol; zyndan [zynda:n] n prison, jail goods)...ýöne ol çilimkeşleriň we temmäki zyndana salmak to put into prison, imprison öndürijileriň arasynda nägilelik döretdi. ... but zyndanda oturmak to be in prison among smokers and tobacco producers it caused displeasure.; rejissýor n producer prisoner tussag n prisoner tussag etmek to put in rejissýoryň kömekçisi assistant producer, stage prison manager {film, theatre} prize baýrak n prize, reward, award Himiýa production önümçilik [ö:nümçilik] adj olimpiadasynda birinji ýere eýe bolup, iň uly production önümçilik praktikasy practical baýragy aldym. In the chemistry competition I training önümçilik maslahaty production got first place and won the largest prize. meeting probably ahmal [ahma:l] adv probably; belki adj productive bitginli adj productive (harvest), maybe, perhaps; probably Belki, myhmanlary high-yielding (crops) agşama çagyrarys? Perhaps we should invite the guests this evening?; çak 2 n probably Çaky, productive(ly) önümli [ö:nümli] adv olar naharlanan bolmaly. They've probably productive(ly) önümli işlemek to work eaten. comp. çakdan çykmak productively önümli suffiksler productive suffixes {grammar} problem mesele 2 n problem mesele çözmek to solve a problem meseleler ýygyndysy book of productively önjeýli adv productively, fruitfully (mathematical) problems {mathematics}; önjeýli işlemek to work productively problema [pro'blema] cf: kynçylyk. n problem productivity öndürijilik [ö:ndürijilik] n problemany çözmek to solve a problem productivity, output, productiveness zähmet proclamation jarnama [jarna:ma] n address, öndürijiligi work productivity appeal, call mülk barada jarnama an appeal profession hünär 1 n profession, trade, skill, concerning inheritance occupation, career, job hünär edinmek to produce çykarmak1 6 v to produce, make Bu specialize (in), to get a profession hünär zawod maşyn çykarýar. This factory produces öwrenmek to learn a profession; kesbi-kär cars comp. baş çykarmak comp. netije [kesbi-kär] cf: kär, kesp. n profession Meniň çykarmak comp. ýatdan çykarmak comp. ýüze daýymyň kesbi-käri agaç ussasy bolupdyr. The çykarmak ; düwmek 3 v to produce Gawun- profession of my uncle was carpenter.; kesp cf: garpyzlar düwüpdir. Melons and water-melons kär, kesbi-kär. n profession Meniň atamyň started forming. Miweli agaç gülläninden soň kesbi agaç ussasy. My grandfather's profession is derrew düwüp başlaýar. Fruit trees begin to carpenter.; kär 1 cf: kesbi-kär, kesp. n produce after blossoming. comp. Men ýüregime profession onuň käri his/her profession käri düwdüm. ; goýbermek 3 v to produce, turn out boýunça by profession kär öwrenmek to learn a ýalňyş goýbermek to make a mistake; öndürmek trade kär saýlamak to choose a profession professor professor n professor prolong uzaltmak 1 v to prolong, extend; to profit düşewünt n income, profit, gain, return, lengthen, to extend Jalwarymy uzaltmak üçin benefit düşewünt düşürmek to profit (by, from) tikinçi ussa berdim. Kelte bolýan tutyň gasynyny her aýdaky düşewünt the monthly return Täze söküp uzaltdym. Tans edýan gyzlar saçlaryny başlan işiň düşewünt bersin. May your new job uzaltmak üçin ýasama saç goşýarlar. Myhman be a success.; girdeji [gi:rdeji] n profit, gain, gelýar diýip biz stolymyzy uzaltdyk. Uzun boýly income arassa girdeji net profit döwlet girdejisi maýyp oglana lukman pişegini uzaltdy. Ýollaryny revenue girdeji getirmek to yield/show a profit uzaltmak üçin iki ýaş juwan kelte ýoldan ýöremän girdeji we çykdajy profit/income and outcome; aýlowly ýol bilen geldiler. {objects} peýda 1 [peýda:] n use, benefit, point, profit prolonged uzak 5 adv ? chronic, prolonged; peýda görmek to profit from peýda getirmek to be quickly Mamamyň uzaga çegen üznüksiz of benefit (to) peýda ýok. It is useless. Ne üsgüleýük keseli bar ysgynyny aldy. Kärhanaň peýda? What is the use? Hawa, Igli rast aýdýar, lisenziýa barada meseleleri uzaga çekildi. Sirin öwünmekden peýda ýok. Yes, Igli is telling the dümegden uzaga çekmän gutuldy we ise basym truth; there is no point in boasting about it. çykdy. comp. Ömrüň uzak bolsun! comp. peýda bolmak promise wada [wa:da] cf: äht, ykrar hat. n profitable düşewüntli adj profitable, paying, promise wada bermek to promise someone lucrative, remunerative düşewüntli iş/kär wada etmek to promise wadada durmak to keep profitable affair/business düşewüntli orun one's promise; ygrar [ygra:r] promise; ykrar 2 profitable place; peýdaly [peýda:ly] adj useful, [ykra:r] n to promise, profess ykrar etmek to helpful, advantageous; profitable, lucrative profess comp. ykrar hat peýdaly iş useful/profitable affair/business pronunciation aýdylyş 1 n pronunciation Bu peýdaly maslahat useful advice peýdaly kärhana sözüň aýdylyşy ýalňyş. This word is pronounced profitable enterprise wrong. program programma 2 cf: maksatnama, proof delil 1 [deli:l] n proof, evidence, argument proýekt. n program, software hasaplaýjy (intellectual), reasoning delil getirmek to furnish maşynyň programmasy computer program evidence delil bolup hyzmat etjek serişde the {computer} thing which provides proof; subutnama 1 programme programma 1 cf: maksatnama, [subu:tna:ma] cf: fakt. n proof, evidence; proýekt. n programme {Brit}, program {US} demonstration

{TV or radio broadcast} propeller per2 n propeller uçaryň peri propeller of prohibited gadagan adj prohibited, banned, an aircraft forbidden Geçmek gadagan. No trespassing. properly idili [i:dili] adv as it should be, project maksatnama [maksatna:ma] cf: properly, good and proper bir zady idili etmek to programma, proýekt. n project, programme; do something properly proýekt 1 cf: programma, maksatnama. n property emläk n possessions, property döwlet project, scheme proýekt düzmek to plan, design emlägi something which belongs to the state, projectile ok2 1 n bullet, projectile; projectile, state property şahsy emläk personal property; shell top oky oka tutmak to fire (at, on), centre mal 2 [ma:l] n property, belongings comp. çig fire (on), shell id. Atylan ok daşdan gaýtmaz. mal comp. mal kesmek ; mülk 1 n property, comp. ok ýaly comp. ok ýaly göni comp. Ol ok possessions Indi mülk näme? Ol seniň hem-de ýaly bolup geçip gitdi. çagalaryň baýlygy, döwleti, eklenjiň çeşmesi, ýüregiň kuwwaty. Now, what is property? It is you and your children's wealth, your prospects geljek 2 cf: perspektiwa. adj prosperity, the source of support, the strength prospects, outlook; perspektiwa cf: geljek. n of your heart.. Oňa kakasyndan uly mülk galdy. prospects, outlook perspektiwada in prospect, in patyşanyň mülki future prophecy welilik 1 [weli:lik] n prophecy, oracle, prosper pajarlamak 2 [pa:jarlamak] v to prosper, foresight welilik satmak to prophesy, to predict, flourish, thrive pajarlap ösmek to prosper, to foresee flourish, thrive {fig} prophet pygamber [py:gamber] n prophet prosperity abadançylyk 1 [abada:nçylyk] n {religious}; resul [resu:l] n prophet, God's prosperity envoy prosperous abadan 1 [abada:n] adj prosperous, propoganda şygar 2 [şyga:r] n propaganda well, whole; abadan 3 [abada:n] adj proportion mynasybet [myna:sy:bet] proportion, prosperous, well, whole; gurply 2 adj share Myhmanyň mynasybeti üçin uly taýýarlyk prosperous, rich, well-to-do gurply maşgala görüldi. prosperous family propose hödürlemek 1 v to offer, tender, prostitute ahlak taýdan bozuk aýal (comp. of propose, invite, recommend, suggest öz bozuk) prostitute Ahlak taýdan bozyk aýallar hyzmatyňy hödürlemek to offer somebody one's uly güna gazanýarlar. Goňşymyzyň ogly biderek services täze plan hödürlemek to suggest a new oglanlar bilen tirkeşip bozylyp gitdi.; jelepçilik n plan; sowçy bolmak v to propose, to make a prostitute Daşary ýurtlarda jelepçilik artýar. marriage proposal; sowçy gitmek v to propose, Prostitution is on the increase in foreign make a marriage proposal countries.; kemçin n prostitute, street-walker Ol aýalyň agzy paýyş, hemmelere kemçin diýip proprietor hojaýyn n landlord, master, owner, sögýär. This woman speaks bad words, she calls proprietor, innkeeper myhmanhananyň everyone a prostitute. hojaýyny innkeeper, landlord öýüň hojaýyny master of the house; mülkdar [mülkda:r] n prostitution azgynlyk [a:zgynlyk] n prostitution, land-owner, proprietor immorality, corruption prosaist kyssaçy 1 n prose-writer, prosaist Berdi protect penalamak 2 [pena:lamak] v to protect Kerbabaýew kyssaçy ýazyjy. Berdi Kerbabayev is Olar uçmahyň ak guşlarydyrlar, seni elmydama prose-writer. penalap ýörerler. They are the white birds of heaven; they will constantly protect you. prose kyssa 1 n prose kyssa bilen ýazylan eser prose work kyssa ýazmak to write prose Men protected penaly [pena:ly] adj having a goşga garanda, kyssa okamagy has gowy görýärin. patron/protector, protected I like to read a prose rather than poem. comp. protector howandar 2 [howanda:r] n close durmuşyň kyssasy friend, protector, patron prosecutor garalowjy n prosecutor; prokuror protest nala 1 [na:la] n protest, complaint, [proku'ror] n prosecutor, public prosecutor, lament barrister for the prosecution prokuror bolup proud boýnuýogyn [boýnuýo:gyn] adj stiff- işlemek to work as a prosecutor necked, proud; buýsanmak 1 v to be proud of, prosecutor's_office prokuratura [prokura'tura] n take pride in, boast in Mekdebi altyn medala prosecutor's office, Office of the Public gutaranyma buýsanýaryn. Men şäherimiň owadan Prosecutor hem arassalygyna buýsanýaryn. Çagaňa buýsanmak herkime miesser etsin.; gopbamsy adj proud; guwanjaň adj proud; tekepbir 1 {religious} [tekepbi:r] adj proud Psalms Zebur [zebu:r] n book of Psalms [the prove delillendirmek [deli:llendirmek] v to book attributed to the prophet David] (sem. prove, demonstrate, argue, seek to prove bir domains: 3.1 - Soul, spirit, 4.9 - Religion, 3.4 - zady praktikada delillendirmek to prove Emotion.) {religious} something in practice ylmy esasda delillendirmek pseudonym lakam 1 n pseudonym; pen-name; to argue scientifically alias, assumed name edebi lakam pen name proverb nakyl n proverb; saying; tymsal 3 PstPerf -ypdy PstPerf [tymsa:l] n proverb Atalaryň tymsaly: "It üýrer, PstPtcp -an PstPtcp kerwen geçer." A father's proverb goes, "When PST-PTCPL -en PST-PTCPL the dog barks, a caravan is coming through." psychology psihika [psi'hika] n psychology, proverbs atalar sözi (comp. of ata) words of psyche, state of mind psihikaňa täsir etmek to wisdom, sayings, proverbs {literary} have an effect on one's mind provide üpjün etmek (comp. of üpjün) to public jemgyýetçilik n public, society, supply, provide çopanlary suw bilen üpjün etmek; community, association jemgyýetçilik pikiri üpjünlemek cf: üpjünlenmek. v to provide, to public opinion jemgyýetçilik eýeçiligi public supply azyk bilen üpjünlemek to provide property, public ownership jemgyýetçilik işi somebody with food community work, social work; köpçülik 2 adj province welaýat [wela:ýat] n province, state, public köpçülik işi public work region, county Türkmenistanda bäş welaýat bar. publication neşir 1 n publication comp. neşir provision rysk 2 cf: rysgal. n provision Bu seniň etmek ryskyň. This is your fate, ryskyňy zähmet bilen publish çykarmak1 5 v to publish, print sözlük gazanmak To earn your due by hard work. çykarmak to publish a dictionary comp. baş comp. rysky aýrylmadyk ; üpjünlik n provision çykarmak comp. netije çykarmak comp. ýatdan (of, with), adequate supply mekdepleriň okuw çykarmak comp. ýüze çykarmak ; neşir etmek kitaplary bilen üpjünligi the provision of schools (comp. of neşir) to publish VIII asyryň başynda with text-books Hytaýda dünýäde iň gadymy gazet neşir edilmäge provisions zat 4 [za:t] cf: rezerw, ätiýaçlyk, başlanypdyr. The oldest newspaper in the world çykalga, haryt, predmet, sapak, dersi, began to be published in China at the şaýlar, zapas. n provisions zat almaga gitmek to beginning of the 8th century.; yglan etmek 1 go food shopping (to buy stuff [to eat]) comp. [ygla:n etmek] v to pronounce, publish bir zat comp. hiç zat comp. zat bolmak comp. rezolýusiýany yglan_etmek to publish a zat diýmek resolution hökümi yglan_etmek to pronounce a provocation öjükdirme cf: prowokasiýa. n verdict provocation; prowokasiýa [prowo'kasiýa] cf: publisher neşirýat [neşirýa:t] n publisher, öjükdirme. n provocation publishing house provoke gorjaw bermek [go:rjaw bermek] v to puff haşlamak v to puff, pant, gasp for breath goad on, provoke, egg on pull çekmek1 2 [çekmek] v to move, pull, push, prudence seresaplylyk [seresa:plylyk] n carry, haul Iň agyr ýükleri otly çekip bilýär. prudence, care comp. ah çekmek comp. ahmyr çekmek comp. psalm mezmur [mezmu:r] n psalm (hymn) aýak çekmek comp. ejir çekmek comp. el attributed to the prophet David; a Psalm çekmek comp. gam çekmek comp. hasrat çekmek comp. hor çekmek comp. jeza çekmek people.; temmi [temmi:] n punishment, comp. keýp çekmek comp. kynçylyk çekmek correction temmi almak to be punished temmi comp. nala çekmek comp. ýüzüne atanak bermek to correct, carry out discipline, punish çekmek comp. zähmet çekmek comp. zyýan pupil bäbenek n pupil Göz lukmanynyň ýanyna

çekmek ; çekmek1 9 [çekmek] v to pull, draw, baryp, bäbenegimi görkezdim. I went to the eye attract adamlary öz tarapyňa çekmek ünsüni doctor and showed him my pupil. {eye}; göreç çekmek to draw/attract one's attention (to) n pupil (part of eye); şägit n pupil, student, comp. ah çekmek comp. ahmyr çekmek comp. disciple, follower, learner, under-study aýak çekmek comp. ejir çekmek comp. el puppy güjük n puppy, little doggie çekmek comp. gam çekmek comp. hasrat pure päk 2 adj pure, clean ...Alla Tagala çekmek comp. hor çekmek comp. jeza çekmek günälerden päk eder. ... God will cleanse [that comp. keýp çekmek comp. kynçylyk çekmek person] from sin. comp. päk ýürekden ; sap2 comp. nala çekmek comp. ýüzüne atanak [sa:p] adj pure, net, clear sap agram net weight çekmek comp. zähmet çekmek comp. zyýan sap gyzyl pure gold sap girdeji net/clear profit çekmek ; dartmak 1 v to pull, jerk, tug, twist comp. sap ýürekli comp. sap ýüreklilik ; tämiz simi dartmak to pull a wire through bir zady 1 [tämi:z] adj pure, clean; ýogyn 4 [ýogy:n] dürli tarapa dartmak to tug/pull something in adj pure ýogyn çekimliler pure vowels (in opposite directions contrast to glides) {grammar} pullet mäkiýan 1 [mäkiýa:n] n pullet purify halallamak [hala:llamak] v to purify, pump kolonka 2 [ka'lonka] cf: sütün. n (gas, cleanse (religion) Ol öz hakyny halallap alýar. petrol) pump benzin kolonkasy pump; nasos He earns his wage honestly [na'sos] n pump guýudan suw çykaryjy nasos purity saplyk 1 [sa:plyk] n purity, cleanliness tigire ýel berýän nasos purpose maksat n goal, aim, purpose, objective pumpkin kädi n pumpkin kädi ekmek to sow a maksadyňa ýetmek to reach one's goal maksat pumpkin Kädi manty meniň gowy görýän bilen with the object (of), in order (to) maksat naharym. Pumpkin manty is my favourate meal. goýmak to set oneself (to) comp. maksada puncture deşmek v punch (a hole), puncture, to laýyk make a hole; ýarmak 6 [ýa:rmak] v to pursue kowalamak cf: kowalaşmak, kowmak. puncture Çüý maşynyň tigirini ýardy. The nail v to pursue, to chase yňyndan kowalamak to punctured the tyre. comp. bagty daş ýarmak pursue smb/something, to chase somebody, to comp. dil ýarmak comp. ýüregini ýarmak follow after kowalap ýetmek to catch up (with) pungency ýitilik 7 n pungency ysyň ýitiligi pursuit kowgy n pursuit, chase kowgy gelmeýänini pungency of a smell görüp, ogry gaçmasyny bes etdi after knowing punish jezalandyrmak [jeza:landyrmak] v to that noone is chasing him, a thief stopped punish, have someone punished Käte bigünä running away. adamlar jezalandyrylýar. Sometimes innocent push itermek v to push, shove maşyny itermek to people are punished. push the car; itmek v to push, move yzyndan punishment jeza [jeza:] n punishment jeza itmek to push from behind itip goýbermek to bermek to punish ölüm jezasy death penalty berk push jeza strict/harsh punishment jeza çekmek to put geýinmek 1 v to put something on, dress bear/take punishment, pay the penalty, be oneself, get dressed gowý geýinmek to dress well punished Ol adamlaryň günäsi üçin jeza çekdi. gara geýinmek to wear black ýyly geýinmek to He suffered punishment for the sins of the wear warm comp. gara geýinmek ; goýmak 1 v put_in_order tertibe salmak (comp. of salmak) to put, place kitaplary şkafda goýmak to put the to put in order

books in the bookcase erbet ýagdaýda goýmak to put_off galdyrmak2 3 [ga:ldyrmak] v to put off işi put someone in an awkward situation nokat ertire galdyrmak to put off one's work till goýmak to place a full stop (e.g. at the end of a tomorrow comp. haýran galdyrmak comp. täsir sentence) ýadygärlik goýmak to erect a galdyrmak monument comp. at goýmak comp. gadam put_to_bed ýatyrtmak v to get someone to put (a goýmak ; ýoklamak 1 [ýo:klamak] v to put, do child) to bed (with) Meniň ruçkamy nirä ýokladyň? What have put_to_flight gaçyrmak 1 v to put to flight comp. you done with my pen? bir heň gaçyrmak comp. boýun gaçyrmak put_forward_proposal teklip girizmek (comp. of comp. ynjalygyny gaçyrmak girizmek) to put forward a proposal

Q q quake titremek v quake ýer titremek to have an quench_thirst ganmak [ga:nmak] v to quench earthquake one's thirst, satisfy one's thirst Men gandym. I've quality hil 1 [hi:l] n quality, capacity; property; had enough to drink. hillilik [hi:llilik] n quality ýokary hillilik high- question sorag [so:rag] n question; sowal quality [sowa:l] n question quantity mukdar [mukda:r] n quantity, amount, queue nobat 2 [no:bat] n queue, line nobata number önümiň mukdary amount of a product durmak to queue (for), stand in line (for) comp. comp. mukdar sanlar birinji nobatda quarrel dawalaşmak [da:wa:laşmak] v to quick okgunly adv quick, fast; swift, headlong, quarrel, have a row , make a quarrel, argue, impetuous; swiftly, impetuously, quickly fight biderek zat üçin dawalaşmak to squabble, okgunly hereket swift movement; ýüwrük adj or to quarrel over a trifle Hemişe dawalaşyp quick, fast, rapid ýüwrük at fast horse ýörmek gowy gylyk däl. It is not good to quickly aýak üstünde 1 (comp. of üst) hurriedly, squabble/argue all the time.; jenjel 1 n quarrel, hastily, quickly Men daýzamlara aýak üstünden

row, argument jenjel etmek to quarrel; baryp gaýtdym.; basym1 adv quickly, rapidly, jenjelleşmek v to have a row, quarrel Ol hurriedly; soon basym bol! hurry up! Basym gyş dostlary bilen jenjelleşip, uly gopgun turuzýar. He düşer, ýer ýüzi ak gara çaýylar. Winter will come quarrels with his friends and makes a big fuss. quickly, the ground will be covered with snow. quarrelsome dawaly 2 [da:wa:ly] adj Basymjak çaý goý, myhmançylyga daýyň geldi. quarrelsome dawaly gürrüň argument men onun Basymrak awtobus geläýmese, ýaman üşedim.; bilen dawaly I'm not speaking with him; batly 2 [ba:tly] adv quickly, fast Gözbagçy gowgaçy [gowga:çy] adj quarrelsome gowgaçy eliniň batly hereketi bilen tomaşaçylaryň gözüni adam quarrelsome person baglaýar. The magician, with a quick action of queen melike [meli:ke] n queen [if there is no his hands, fools the eyes of the audience.; çalt king] 1 adv quickly çaltrak faster; derrew adv quickly, in no time at all, immediately, at once, right now; garsa [garsa:] adv quickly, in no time garsa gujaklaşmak to embrace ýeriňden quilt gaplamak 3 [ga:plamak] v to quilt ýorgan garsa galmak to stand up quickly; hasyr-husur gaplamak to quilt a blanket; ýorgan n quilt, adv quickly, hurriedly, in haste gapyny hasyr- duvet ýorgana girmek to get between the covers husur ýapmak to close the door quickly; tizara ýorgan örtünmek to cover oneself with a quilt [ti:za:ra] adv quickly; zöwwe adv quickly, in a comp. Ýorganyňa görä aýak uzat! moment, instantly, immediately; suddenly Ol quite çyp particle quite, very çyp ýalaňaç quite zöwwe ýerinden galdy. He immediately stood up. bare; düýbünden adv quite, absolutely, totally, quickness çaltlyk n speed, quickness, rapidity completely, fundamentally, essentially Men oňa kompýuteriň çaltlygy ýyldyrym çaltlygynda at düýbünden garşy. I am totally against him. Seniň lightning speed aýdýanlaryň düýbünden ýalňyş. What you are quiet parahatçylyk 3 [para:hatçylyk] n quiet, saying is absolutely wrong. Seniň eden işiň peace; parahatlyk 3 [para:hatlyk] n quiet, düýbünden nädogry. What you have done is peaceful Daş-töwerek parahatlyk. It is quiet all totally wrong. Bu bolýan zatlara men düýbünden around. düşünmeýärin. I cannot comprehend what is

happening.; sap3 particle quite, very sap sary quietly dek3 adv quietly, calmly; mazaly 2 quite yellow [maza:ly] adv quietly, calmly, still mazaly oturyň! sit still! mazaly bol! behave yourself! Qur'an Gurhan [Gurha:n] n Qur'an, Koran [Muslim scriptures] {religious}; Kuran Qur'an quietness ümsümlik 2 n still, calm, quietness Kuran musulmanlar üçin Mukaddes kitap Meniň ýüregime ümsümlik aralaşdy. hasaplanýar. The Qur'an is considered a holy book by Muslims.

R r rabbit towşan n rabbit çykdy. As she went out she radiated [beauty]. race aslyýet 2 n race, stock; çapuw n race, racing radio radio ['radio] n radio radio aýtdyrmak to çapuw atlary race horses çapuw ýoly race course switch on the radio radio diňlemek to listen in çapuw aýlawy racing track; çapyşyk n race, radioda bermek to broadcast meeting, the races At çapyşygy başlandy. The radiotherapy şöhle 2 n radiotherapy, radiation horse-race has begun. päsgelçilikli çapyşyk therapy obstacle-race; jyns 3 n race, ethnicity adamzat radish turp n radish jynsy human race Biziň ýurdumyzda jynsyna rag esgi adj rag, duster, cleaning cloth esgi bilen garamazdan hemme adamlar deňhukukly. In our aýnalary arassalamak to clean windows with country all people are equal in spite of race.; duster esgi ýaly like duster ylgaw 2 n race ea gatnaşmak to take part in a rage gahar-gazap n rage, fury gahar-gazaba race ýakyn aralykly ylgaw sprint münmek to work oneself into a fury, become radiant nur [nu:r] n radiant light, brightest furious Ol gahar-gazap bilen ýerinden turdy. He bright, ray nur saçmak shine brightly, give got up in anger.; otly köýnek geýmek 3 radiant light (comp. of köýnek, otly3) to get angry, to be radiate ýaldyramak 2 cf: ýalpyldamak. v to full of anger, to rage radiate; ýalpyldamak cf: ýaldyramak. v to radiate, shine, make shine Ol ýalpyldap köçä rags köne-küşül [kö:ne-küşül] (comp. of köne) n our çountry.; selçeň adj rare; thin, sparse selçeň rags, old clothes köne geýim old clothes saç thin hair; seýrek 1 adj not often, seldom, raid alaman n raid; çapawulçylyk etmek rare, uncommon seýrek duş gelýän haýwanlar (çapawylçylyk) v to raid, loot; talamak rare animals [ta:lamak] v to raid, plunder, loot, ransack; rarity gahatlyk 1 n rarity, deficit talap almak (comp. of almak) to raid rash pikirsiz 2 adj rash, thoughtless, hasty raiding çapawylçylyk n raiding, looting pikirsiz edilen iş rash work pikirsiz çykarylan çapawulçylyk etmek karar hasty decision; tengin n heat rash rain nem 2 n rain, precipitation bu tomus nem rat alaka n rat, gopher dammady there was no rain this summer; rate kurs n exchange rate dünýäde pul kursy ABŞ- ýagmyr n rain {dial}; ýagyş n rain ýagyş nyň puly bilen ölçelýär the world`s exchange rate ýagýar. It is raining ýagyş çisňeýär. It is is measured with USA dollars drizzling. ration_card kartoçka 2 n ration card, ration rainbow älemgoşar n rainbow ticket azyk kartoçkasy food-card, ration card rainy ygally adj rainy ygally ýyl rainy year; rationality akyl n reasonableness, rationality, ýagmyrly adj rainy ýagmyrly howa rainy good sense, sound judgement, cleverness Çaga weather bäş ýaşdan soň akyl gelýär. After the age of five raise beýgeltmek 1 v to raise sesi beýgeltmek to children develop good sense. comp. akyl raise one's voice comp. tumşugyňy bermek comp. akyl dişi id. akyl ýetirmek comp. beýgeltmek ; dikelmek 1 v raise, rise up, to be akyl zähmeti comp. akyla sygmajak waka put in an upright position, prop oneself up (on comp. akyldan azaşmak comp. akyly

one's elbow); galdyrmak1 v raise eliňi goýalyşmak comp. akyly gözünde comp. akyly galdyrmak to raise one's hand; gymmatlatmak kelte comp. akyly ýetmek comp. akylyna v to raise the price (of); ýokarlandyrmak cf: aýlanmak comp. akylyny almak comp. akylyň ýokarlandyrylmak, ýokarlatmak. v to raise çaşmak comp. akylyňy ýitirmek raise_head baş galdyrmak (comp. of baş) to rave samramak 1 v to be delirious, rave raise your head ravine jar 1 n gully, ravine jardan geçmek to cross raisins kişmiş n raisins, sultanas, dried grapes a ravine Çölde uly jar emele gelipdir. A large kişmiş etmek to dry grapes ravine appeared in the desert.; jülge n ravine, ram goç n ram Süriniň goçy öňden barýardy. The gorge, canyon, valley Dag jülgeleri baharda örän ram of the herd was going in front. owadan bolýar. The mountain valleys are very beautiful in spring. [with water flowing at the rank dereje 2 cf: kategoriýa. n rank, position, bottom, therefore usually green either side] post, level, measure Ol öz derejesini bilýän adam. He knows his place. Biziň gatnaşygymyz raw bişmedik n raw, uncooked, unripe ýokary derejede. Our attendance is in high level. ray şöhle 1 n ray, beam gün şöhlesi sunbeam rape zorlamak 2 [zo:rlamak] v to rape razor päki n razor, razor-blade päki ýaly ötgür rare gahat 1 adj rare, scarce gahat harytlar scarce sharp as a razor päki bilen syrmak to shave goods, commodities in short supply {dial}; gyt reach ýetirmek 3 v to reach comp. dil ýetirmek adj rare, scarce, uncommom, in short supply comp. göz ýetirmek comp. ýerine ýetirmek gyt kitap rare book gyt harytlap scarce goods; comp. ýetirjek bolmak ; ýetmek 2 v to reach, iki-ýeke adj rare, single Bu biziň ýurdumyzda attain Bize-de nobat ýetdi. We're at the front of iki-ýeke gabat gelýän haryt. This is rare thing in the queue at last. gelip ýetmek to come at last comp. Ol ýetipdir. know that we were here? reach_conclusion netijä gelmek (comp. of reap ormak 1 v to reap, harvest bugdaý ormak to netije) to reach a conclusion; to come to a harvest wheat (sem. domains: 6.2 - decision; Sen ilki takyk netijä gel, soň maňa Agriculture.) pikiriňi aýt. First you come to a definite reaper orakçy n harvester, reaper decision, then tell me your thoughts. rear arka 2 n rear öýüň arkasy rear of a house read okamak 1 cf: okatmak, okatdyrmak. v to oturgyjyň arkasy chair back comp. arkasyndan read sesli okamak to read aloud kitap okamak to gürrüňini etmek read a book leksiýa okamak to read a lecture reason sebäp cf: sebäbi. n reason, cause iki doga okamak to say a prayer Her molla öz sebäbe görä for two reasons sebäp gözlemek to bilenini okar. Each mullah recites from his own look for a reason sebäbi owing (to), because (of) knowledge. (sem. domains: 3.5.4.2 - Saying, şu sebäpli for this reason siz muny näme sebäbe proverb.) görä etdiňiz? For what reason have you done reader okyjy [oky:jy] n reader {person} this? comp. sebäp eýerjeň sözlemi reading_room okalga n reading-hall, reading- reasonable pähimdar [pähimda:r] cf: pähimli. room reasonable; pähimli cf: pähimdar. adj ready häzir bolmak 2 (comp. of häzir) adj to be reasonable, wise, clever, smart, judicious, ready, be cooked, be prepared; taýyn [ta:ýyn] quick-witted, sharp , bright pähimli bolmak to n ready, prepared nahar taýyn food's ready; be wise/reasonable/quick-witted taýýar 1 [taýýa:r] adj ready, prepared, finished reasonless sebäpsiz adj without reason, real barypýatan adj real, true; really, truly Ot-çep reasonless hiç hili sebäpsiz without any reason, basyp giden mellek, barypýatan ýaltalykdyr. If without the slightest cause your piece of ground is overgrown, then you're rebel baş götermek (comp. of baş) to rebel; really lazy. {negative connotation}; deger adj bulagaý n trouble-maker, rabble-rouser, rebel real, actual, practical; hakyky [haky:ky] adj Bir adam serhoş bolup ýolda bulagaýçylygy üçin real, genuine, reliable, trustworthy, upright, tussag edildi. Klasymyzdaky bulagaý oglan bilen actual hakyky dost genuine friend hakyky habar hiç kim dost bolanok. reliable message rebellion baş-başdaklyk (comp. of baş) realise akyly ýetmek (comp. of akyl) to come to rebellion, sedition realise something; akylyna aýlanmak (comp. rebuff gaýtargy 2 n rebuff, repulse of akyl) to realise the error of one's ways rebuild dikeltmek 2 v to restore, rehabilitate, Akylyna aýlanan ata maşgalasyna dolandy. The reconstruct, rebuild, resume, renovate, revive father realized the error of his ways and senagaty dikeltmek to revive industry saglygyňy returned home.; aňmak [a:ňmak] v to realise, dikeltmek to recover one's health, get better understand; guess recede çekilmek 1 v to step back, recede, recoil, reality hakykat 2 [haky:kat] n reality, actuality go backwards yza çekilmek to step back really Aý ýoga! (comp. of ýok) Really!; receipt çek 1 cf: baha. n receipt, bill, ticket çek hakykatdan [haky:katdan] adv really, indeed, ýazyp bermek to give someone a receipt in fact, actually, truly hakykatdan ol öýdedi. receive kabul etmek 2 [kabu:l etmek] v to Actually, he was at home.; heý1 - really, receive, welcome syrkawlary kabul etmek to indeed, Is it possible? heý sen biziň bu receive patients Biziň Prezidentimiz Özbegistan ýerdedigimizi bilmediňmi? Did you really not döwletiniň Prezidentini kabul etdi. Our President received the President of Uzbekistan. comp. {political} comp. ykrar hat ekzamen kabul etmek reconcile oňuşdyrmak cf: oňuşmak. v to receive_guest myhman almak (comp. of reconcile (somebody with); ylalaşdyrmak myhman) to receive visitors/guests, be [yla:laşdyrmak] cf: ylalaşmak. v to reconcile, hospitable Olaryň myhman almaga güçleri bring to agreement; ýaraşdyrmak cf:

ýetýär. ýaraşmak3. v to reconcile recently arada [a:rada] adv recently Men arada record plastinka 2 n record, vinyl plastinka Gözeli gördüm - görenime bir aý boldy. I have diňlemek to listen to a record plastinka görnüşli seen Gözel recently - it's been about a month. on vinyl {music} {approximately within one week to a month; recover aýňalmak 1 v to recover, feel well not same day}; düýn-öňňin [düýn-öňňi:n] dümewden aýňalmak to recover from a cold; (comp. of düýn) adv recently, not long ago, a dürsemek v to recover, get well özüňi dürsemek day or two ago, a couple of days ago; häli 1 to get well Syrkaw özüni dürsäp şepagat adv recently; ýaňy-ýakynda [ýaňy-ýaky:nda] uýasynyň kömegi bilen daşaryk gezelenje çykdy. adv recently, lately men ol habary ýaňy-ýakynda The sick man recovered and went for a walk eşitdim I recently heard about that with the help of a nurse. demiňi dürsemek to get reception duşuşyk 2 [du:şuşyk] n gathering, one's breath back Täşli ylgap geleninden soň meeting, welcome meal, reception studentler demini dürsedi After running Tashli gets his bilen alymlaryň duşuşygy a reception for breath back.; gowulanmak 2 v to get well, students and research fellows Ýazyjy öz recover Onuň ýagdaýy gowulandy. He got well okaýjylary bilen duşuşyk geçirdi. The writer met (again).; gutulmak 1 v to recover, get better with his readers. Talyplar duşuşyk geçirmek üçin keselden gutulmak to recover from programma taýarladylar. The students prepared disease/illness, get over sickness; özüni a meeting programme.; kabulhana tutmak 2 (comp. of öz) v to recover, get better; [kabu:lha:na] n reception, reception hall, oneself özüm myself özüň yourself özi audience hall Indi her edarada ýörite kabulhana himself/herself Onuň özi günäkär. She has only bar. These days each enterprise has a separate herself to blame. özüm etdim. I did it myself.; reception. sagalmak cf: sagaltmak. v to get better, recline ýassanmak v to recline, lean on (e.g., recover ol sagalýar he is getting better; pillow, cushion) sagalyşmak v to get better (gradually), recover (gradually); sagatlanmak v to get better, recognise bilmek 3 cf: bilgin. v to recognise recover Onuň kimdigini bildik. We knew who he was. Her kim öz işini bilmeli. Everyone should know recovery şypa [şypa:] n recovery şypa etmek to their own work. comp. bilip goýmak ; tanamak give therapeutic healing cf: tanyşdyrmak, tanyşmak. v to recognise, be rector rektor ['rektor] n rector Aşgabat familiar (with), know someone, be acquainted uniwersitetiň rektory the principal of Ashgabat (with) men ony tanamok I don't know him university recognition ykrar 1 [ykra:r] n acknowledgement, red al2 [a:l] n bright red, scarlet al ýaglyk; recognition ykrar etmek to recognise, confirm gyrmyzy adj red, ruddy gyrmyzy ýaglyk red Garaşsyz Türkmenistan döwletini ilkinji bolup, headscarf gyrmyzy reňk red colour Türkie Respublikasy ykrar etdi. The Republic of redden gyzarmak 1 v to become red, redden Turkey was the first country to recognise Pomidorlar gyzarypdyr. The tomatoes became Turkmenistan as an independent country. red. reduce azaltmak [a:zaltmak] v to reduce, alyş žurnaly bar. We have a register note of decrease; kesmek 7 v to reduce, cut, decrease, students who is late in our Institute. [of pupils];

lessen aýlygyny kesmek to cut one's salary comp. ýazylmak2 4 v to register {university}

ýol kesmek regret ahmyr çekmek (comp. of çekmek1) to reed gargy n reed, bulrush, cane gargy tüýdük regret, be sorry; ahmyr n regret, pity ahmyr bulrush pipe gargy gamyş bulrush reed etmek to regret, be sorry ahmyr çekmek to reel saramak 1 v to reel, wind kelläňe ýaglyk regret, be sorry; arman çekmek (comp. of saramak to cover one's head with a scarf tigre arman) to regret; gynanç [gy:nanç] n sorrow, sapak saramak to wind thread on a reel; regret, condolence, grief gynanç bilen with deep yranmak 2 v to reel, stagger yranyp çykmak to regret çuň gynanç deep regret gynanç bildirmek stagger out to condole with something, present one's condolences to someone; gynanmak 2 v to refectory naharhana 2 [naharha:na] n cafeteria, regret; ökünç n regret, repentance ökünç dining hall, refectory talyplaryň naharhanasy bildirmek to express one's repentance ökünç student refectory bilen regretfully, deploringly; ökünmek 1 v to refer salgylanmak v to refer (to), allude (to) regret Men oňa ynananyma ökünýärin. I regret biriniň sözüne salgylanmak to refer to one's that I trusted him. Beren soragyma ökündim. I words regretted asking such a question.; puşman referee emin [emi:n] n referee, umpire, judge [puşma:n] adj regret, repentance, remorse; to bäsleşigiň emini referee of the compition Eminler make somebody regret/repent puşman etmek to hem arçynlar ile baştutanlyk edipdirler. The regret, deplore, repent, be/feel sorry (about) judges and leaders were head of the puşman etdirmek ol bu barada öň inhabitants. {competition} pikirlenmändigine puşman edýär he wishes he reform reforma [re'forma] n reform reforma had thought of it before geçirmek to reform regulate düzgünleşdirmek v to regulate, refrigerator holodilnik [holo'dilnik] cf: standardise, normalise, put in (good) order ýol sowadyjy. n refrigerator {abbr} hereketini düzgünleşdirmek to control traffic refuge gaçalga 1 cf: gaçybatalga. n refuge, Uçarlaryň uçuş tertibini düzgünleşdirdiler. They asylum, shelter gaçalga gözlemek to seek regulated the arrival order of the planes. Pul refuge/asylum gaçalga tapmak to take refuge çalşygyndan soň pensiýa üpjünçiligi düzgünleşdi. (in) syýasy gaçalga political asylum After the currency changed pensions were refugee bosgun n refugee, run-away, fugitive; regulated.; sazlamak 2 [sa:zlamak] v to gaçgyn n refugee Gaçgynym şol. I am fed up regulate, repair, put right, adjust motory with it/him. gaçgynlar topary group of refugees sazlamak to repair the engine refuse boýun gaçyrmak (comp. of boýun, regulations düzgün-nyzam cf: düzgün. n gaçyrmak) to refuse regulations; düzgünnama [düzgünna:ma] n region sebit n region, territory biziň sebitlerimizde regulations, rules, statutes saýlawlar hakynda in our regions düzgünnama regulations for elections Dükanlar täze elektro kassa guralyny işletmelidigine register hasaba almak cf: registrasiýa. v to take düzgünnama geldi. There is a regulation for into account, register, take note of; hasap 2 working on the new electronic cash register in [hasa:p] n registration, register hasaba almak to shops. Işgärleriň aýlyk hakyny köpeltmek barada register comp. hasap-hesip ; žurnal 2 n register düzgünnama girizdiler. There is a new statute Biziň institutymyzda gijä galan talyplary bellige regarding the salary increase of workers. ýapmak (jenaýatyň üstüni ýapmak) comp. reign hökümdarlyk [hökümda:rlyk] n rule, üstüni ýetirmek reign, authority, dominion, empire, sway relations gatnaşyk 1 n relations, terms, ties hökümdarlyk etmek to rule (over), dominate, dostlukly gatnaşyk friendly terms ýakyn reign, execute control (over) gatnaşykda bolmak to be on intimate terms with reinforced_concrete demir-beton (comp. of someone diplomatik gatnaşyklar diplomatic demir) reinforced concrete relations gatnaşykda bolmak to relate (to) Ikiniň dörde gatnaşygy, bäşyň ona gatnaşygy ýalydyr. reins jylaw n reins atyň jylawyndan tutup itmek to The ratio of two to four is the same as the ratio lead a horse by the reins jylawyny eliňe almak to of five to ten.; gatnaw 2 n relations gatnaw take the reins Ol adamsynyň jylawyny eline aldy. açmak to open relations gatnaw kesilmesin! Let She took the reins of her husband into her not stop relations! hand. relationship aragatnaşyk 1 [a:ragatnaşyk] n reject boýun towlamak (comp. of towlamak) to relationship, tie, bond, correlation dostluk reject aragatnaşygy friendly terms özara aragatnaşyk rejection ret adv rejection ret etmek to decline, mutual relations comp. aragatnaşyk bölümi turn down; to refuse haýyşy ret etmek to refuse comp. aragatnaşyk bölüminiň işgäri comp. a request teklibi ret etmek to turn down a aragatnaşyk bükjalar suggestion relative garyndaş n relative, next of kin dogan- rejoice begenmek v to rejoice, be glad, be happy garyndaş relatives daşky garyndaş far relative Agamdan hat alyp begendim. I was very happy to garyndaş bolmak to be realtive; hossar 1 receive a letter from my older relative. [ho:ssa:r] n relative, kinsman; kowum 1 n rejoicing heşelle adv - comp. heşelle kakmak relative comp. kowum-garyndaş relate çemleşmek 1 v to relate to; gatnaşmak 2 relatives kowum-garyndaş (comp. of kowum) n v to begin a relationship, to associate, relate relatives onuň kowum-garyndaşy köp he has related dahylly adj related (to) Bu saňa dahylly many relatives; tohum-tiç n relatives däl. That's nothing to do with you. relaxed hatyrjem [ha:ty:rjem] adj relaxed, sure, relating_to üst 2 cf: *üstünde, *üstünden. certain, confident hatyrjem bolmak to rest relating to, on ... edebi temanyň üstünde işledi. ... assured, be sure, be certain she worked on a literary theme. {topic} comp. release goýbermek 1 v to let go, release, free *üstünden comp. aýak üstünde comp. aýak Ony düýä ýükle-de, kowyp goýber! Put her on the üstüne galmak comp. baş üstüne comp. üsti camel and drive her away!; uçurmak 2 v to açylmak comp. üsti açylmak (Dildüwşügiň üsti release (birds) Seýil bagynda ýas juwanlar açyldy.) comp. üsti bilen comp. üstünden arz kepderi uçurdylar. comp. başyňdan huşuny etmek comp. üstünden düşmek comp. üstünden uçurmak comp. neşesini uçurmak comp. söz düşmek (tankytlamak) comp. üstünden sowuk uçurmak suw guýlan ýaly bolmak comp. üstünden sowuk relent ýumşamak 2 cf: ýumşatmak. v to relent, suw guýlan ýaly bolmak (aşa geň galmak, relax one's severity; become less stern; aljyramak) comp. üstüne comp. üstüne almak ýumşatmak 2 cf: ýumşamak. v to relent, relax (Ol ähli jogapkärçiligi öz üstüne aldy.) comp. smb's severity; make somebody less stern üstüne çişmek (birine gygyrmak) comp. üstüni günäsini ýumşatmak to extenuate smb's guilt açmak comp. üstüni basyrmak (hamyryň üstüni jezany ýumşatmak to mitigate a punishment basyrmak) comp. üstüni ýapmak comp. üstüni reliability ähtibarlylyk [ähtiba:rlylyk] n remember ýatda saklamak (comp. of ýat2) to reliability, authenticity remember, keep in your mind and heart Meniň reliable ähtibarly [ähtiba:rly] adj reliable, sözlerimi ýadyňda sakla! Remember my words!; authentic ähtibarly çeşmelerden alnan ýatlamak [ýa:tlamak] cf: ýatlatmak. v to maglumatlar messages; information taken from remember, recollect ýaşlyk döwrüňi ýatlamak to reliable sources ähtibarly ýerden gowşan recollect one's youth; ýoklamak 4 [ýo:klamak] maglumat information given in authentic place; v to remember, miss Gyrat Göroglyny ýoklap bir jaýdar [ja:ýda:r] adj reliable, trustworthy, kişňedi. Gyrat suddenly neighed as he thought right, correct jaýdar ýerlerden alnan about Gorogly. {arch} maglumatlar information received from reliable remind ýatlatmak [ýa:tlatmak] cf: ýatlamak. v sources Ata-babalarymyzyň jaýdar aýdyşy ýaly, to remind Surat maňa geçen günlerimi ýatlatdy. duşmandan hiç wagt dost bolmaz. As our The picture reminded me of my past. ancestors rightly said an enemy will never be a reminisce köne zaman agtarmak (comp. of friend.; ygtybarly [ygtyba:rly] cf: ynamdar, köne) to reminisce, to remind somebody of the ynamly, ynançly. reliable, faithful ygtybarly past olar gijesi bilen oturyp gürrüň etdiler, köne adam reliable person; ynamly 1 cf: ynamdar, zamany agtardylar they sat whole night talking, ygtybarly, ynançly. adj reliable, trustworthy reminding past ynamly dost reliable friend remnant galyndy 1 [ga:lyndy] n remnant, religion din1 [di:n] n religion, faith dünýä dinleri remains mata galyndysy remnants of fabric the religions of the world remodel abadanlaşdyrmak 1 religious dini [di:ni] adj religious, spiritual dini [abada:nlaşdyrmak] v to improve, make düşünje religious prejudice improvements, redo, do something up, remodel rely arkalanmak v to rely on, hope; daýanmak 2 Ýer titremesinden soňra, şäheri v to rely (on) öz mümkinçiligiňe daýanmak to abadanlaşdyrdylar. After the earthquake, they rely on your options remodelled the city. rely_on bil bagla (comp. of baglamak) to remote alys n remote, far, distant Alys ýoldan resolve; to trust, rely on; bil baglamak (comp. geldim. I came a long way to get here. alysda in of bil) to resolve; to trust in Şu gün altmyş kile the distance; uzak 4 adj remote Uzakdaky pagta ýygmaga bilimi bagladym. Today I resolved amazon taýpasyna barmak üçin üç bün gaýykda to collect sixty kilos of cotton.; buýsanmak 2 v ýüzmeli. comp. Ömrüň uzak bolsun! to rely on, hope on Baýka, baýlygyna buýsanyp remove aýyrmak 1 v to remove Pili ýoluň adam äsgermedi. Öz güýjüne buýsanyp ýokary üstünden aýyrmak gerek. Remove the okuw jaýyna ekzamensiz diňe gürrüň geçirme elephant/spade from the road. gulluk bilen geçdi. wezipesinden aýyrmak to remove from remain galmak1 [ga:lmak] v remain galanlar government service; çetleşdirmek v to push those who remained i.e. the rest, the others on aside, debar, remove, dismiss, discharge bire on bäş minut galanda quarter to eleven ol topardan foreign country dilden galdy (he's so sick) he can't speak renege dänmek v to renege (on a promise), give remains galanja [ga:lanja] adj remains up, go back on remedy melgun1 n remedy, home-made remedy renew özgertmek cf: özgermek. v to renew melgun ýapmak to apply a remedy (to) melgun tebigaty özgertmek to landscape ýasamak to prepare a remedy renounce el götermek (comp. of el) to renounce, edýärsiň? representation, representatives take back Şu käriňden el götermeseň,bir belaň representative wekil 1 [weki:l] n representative, üstünden bararsyň. if you do not renounce from spokesman wekil ibermek to send a your this action, you will be caused to dusaster. representative; wekilçilik [weki:lçilik] cf: repair oňarmak 1 v to repair, mend radiony wekillik. n being a representative wekilçilik oňarmak to repair a radio comp. özüňi etmek to represent BMG-da wekilçilik etmek oňarmak ; remont [re'mont] cf: reprimand käýinç n reprimand, reproof, bejermekremont bezemek. n repair(s), scolding, telling-off berk käýinç severe maintenance düýpli remont overhaul, refit, reprimand käýinç bermek to tell somebody off, major/capital repairs remonta bolmak to be to reprimand Ýokary okuw mekdeplerinde berk under repair remont etmek to repair, käýinçden soň talyplar talyplyk hataryndan recondition, overhaul çykarylýarlar. In higher institutions the students repair_shop ussahana 1 [ussaha:na] n repair drop out of Institute after a severe reprimand.; shop, workplace Telewizor ussahanasyna köteklemek 2 v to reprimand Gyzy saçyny baramda her hili bejerilmeli ýa-da eýam bejerilen keseni üçin ejesi ony kötekledi Mother telewizorlary gördüm. El sagadymyň batareýasy reprimanded her daughter because she had cut çökenligi sebapli sagat ussahanasyna tabşyrdym. her hair. repaired bejerilmek 1 v to be repaired, be fixed reproach gyjalat [gyja:lat] n reproach, reproof, bejerilen maşyn a repaired car rebuke gyjalat bermek to reproach (someone repairs abatlaýyş n repairs with) gyjalata goýmak to let someone down; minnet n reproach, reproof minnet etmek to repeat gaýtalamak 1 v to repeat, to revise reproach, reproof Ol maňa beren kömegini öwrenen sözleriňi gaýtalamak to repeat learned mydama minnet edýär. Men başlygyň minnetini words ýatdan gaýtalamak to learn by heart çekip işleýärin.; teýene n reproach, rebuke repeated gaýtalanmak v to be repeated republic respublika [res'publika] n republic repentance toba [to:ba] n repentance toba etmek republican respublikan adj republican to repent, regret, be sorry respublikan guramalar republican organs edara repide repide [repi:de] n repide [round hand- edişiň respublikan düzgüni made instrument used to bake bread] repulse serpikdirmek v to repulse, repel hüjümi reply jogap 1 [joga:p] n answer, reply, response serpikdirmek to repel an attack jogap bermek to answer, reply, respond jogap request dileg 1 n request, entreaty, plea, prayer soramak to ask a question meseläniň jogaby the dileg etmek to ask (for) Meniň dilegimi answer to the problem kanagatlandyrmagyňyzy sizden soraýaryn. I ask report habarnama cf: raport. n report; raport that you respond to my requests.; haýyş ['raport] cf: habarnama. n report dilden raport [ha:ýyş] n request, application, solicitation, bermek to give a report orally ýazmaça raport petition haýyş bilen ýüzlenmek to make a written report; reportaž cf: ýanhabar. n request (for), ask haýyşyny kanagatlandyrmak to report, account, piece of reporting {from comply with a request haýyş etmek to request, reporter}; ýanhabar cf: reportaž. n report, make a request for, solicit (for), send an account, piece of reporting {from reporter} application (for), apply (for), implore; towakga reporter nutukçy cf: dokladçy. n reporter request representation wekillik [weki:llik] cf: wekilçilik. n representation Sen kime wekillik require haklaşmak 1 to require a reckoning, pay (to) garşylyga duçar bolmak to meet resistance back; talap cf: talapkär. n demand, comp. materiallaryň garşylygy requirement, claim Onuň talaby näme? What's resonate jüňk bolmak v to be right, to be his demand? talap ediji claimant talap etmek to correct, resonate, deeply impact Bu eşiden require habarym ýüregime jüňk boldy. When I heard the requiring_payment pully 1 adj requiring news it touched my heart. payment pully okuw studies requiring payment resourses resurs [resu:rs] cf: ulanylmaýan pully iş paid work mümkinçilikler. n resourses önümçilik rescue gutarmak 3 v to rescue, save ölümden resurslary industrial resourses suw resurslary gutarmak to rescue from death water resources rescuer halasgär [hala:sgär] n saviour, rescuer, respect gadyr 1 n respect, esteem gadyr goýmak liberator to respect, esteem gadyr etmek; hatyra 1 resemblance çalym adj resemblance comp. çalym [ha:ty:ra] n respect, esteem, honour, tribute etmek hatyrasyny saklamak respect, honour hatyra güni Rememberance Day adamyň hatyrasyna in resemble çekmek1 8 [çekmek] v to resemble, someone's honour; hezzet 1 n respect, honour bear resemblance to; look like, have the same hezzet etmek to do honour (to); hormat n character as terezide çekmek comp. ah çekmek respect, esteem, honour, regard, reverence comp. ahmyr çekmek comp. aýak çekmek hormat goýmak respect, esteem, treat with comp. ejir çekmek comp. el çekmek comp. gam respect, pay tribute hormat garawuly guard of çekmek comp. hasrat çekmek comp. hor honour hormat haty roll of honour hormat çekmek comp. jeza çekmek comp. keýp çekmek tagtasy the honour hall; hormatlamak v to comp. kynçylyk çekmek comp. nala çekmek respect, esteem, honour hormatlamak bilen comp. ýüzüne atanak çekmek comp. zähmet yours faithfully, respectfully yours; sarpa n çekmek comp. zyýan çekmek ; meňzemek 1 v respect, esteem sarpa goýmak to respect, to resemble, bear a resemblance (to), be like esteem, have respect (for), hold in respect, treat bir-biriňe meňzemek to bear a resemblance to with respect, be respectful; sylamak [sy:lamak] each other, be like each other; ogşamak2 v to v to respect, esteem, honour; yzzat cf: resemble, be like, look like Ol kakasyna yzzatyzzat hormat. n respect, honour comp. ogşaýar. He is like his father. yzzat-hormat reserve alapa n reserve, spare; zapas 5 [za'pas] respectability arzyly 1 n respectability cf: rezerw, ätiýaçlyk, çykalga, haryt, predmet, sapak, dersi, şaýlar, zat. n reserve respectable arzyly 2 adj respectable ; welcome, {military} comp. zapas çykalga dear; hezzetli adj respectable, honourable reserve(s) rezerw [re'zerw] cf: ätiýaçlyk, respected mertebeli adj high-ranked, well- çykalga, haryt, predmet, sapak, dersi, respected şaýlar, zapas, zat. n reserve(s) rezerwde respected/authoritative abraýly 1 [a:braýly] bolmak to have in reserve adj respected, honoured, prestigious, esteemed reservoir howdan 1 [howda:n] n reservoir, abraýly adam respected man cistern, pond respected_man aksakgal 1 [a:ksakgal] n resin şepbik n resin, pitch, tar respected man over fifty Ýigitler aksakgaly hormatlamaly. Young men must respect wise resistance garşylyk 1 n resistance, opposition old men. garşylyk görkezmek to resist, oppose, stand up respectful sarpaly adj respectful, respected, restoration dikeldiş n restoration, reconstruction esteemed sarpaly adam esteemed person dikeldiş işleri restoration work dikeldiş döwri responsibility garamat [gara:mat] n period of reconstruction responsibility garamatyna galmak to bear the restrain_o.s. çäklenmek v to limit o.s. (to), responsibility for someone garamatyna almak to confine o.s. (to), to hold o.s. back (from), to take one's own responsibility (for doing sth.) restrain o.s. (from) käýinç bilen çäklenmek to garamatyny öz üstüňe almak to be responsible restrain o.s. when punishing someone for smb; jogapkärçilik [joga:pkärçilik] n restroom hajathana 2 [ha:jatha:na] n restroom, responsibility, obligation jogapkärçiligi öz üstüňe bathroom {Amer} almak to take the responsibility (for) result barmak1 4 v to result, end in comp. Bar, responsible jogapkär [joga:pkär] adj responsible, işiňe git! say. Çagyrylmadyk ýeriňe barma, liable, answerable jogapkär bolmak to be in çagyrlan ýeriňden galma ; çykmak 4 v to charge (of), be responsible (for) jogapkär result, come of Mundan hiç zat çykmaz. Nothing redaktor chief editor jogapkär işgär executive Ol will come of it. comp. aradan çykan bolup jogapkär. He is responsible. çykmak comp. ýatdan çykmak ; netije 1 rest aýagyňy ýazmak (comp. of ýazmak2) to [neti:je] n result, outcome netije bermek to yield have a short rest; bil ýazmak (comp. of bil) to results oňat netijeleri gazanmak to get good rest (sitting or lying down); dagy 2 particle and results comp. netije çykmak comp. netijä the rest (of them), and the others Dawut dagy gelmek Aşgabatda ýaşadylar. David and his family used result_in netije çykmak (comp. of netije) to to live in Ashgabat.; dynç 1 [dy:nç] n rest, result in holiday, vacation dynç almak to rest, have a resurrection diriliş [di:riliş] n resurrection, rest dynç alyş güni Sunday Dynç güni çagalar revival bilen haýwanat bagyna gitdik. On Sunday we retreat çekilmek 2 v to retreat Duşman öňki went to the Zoo with the children. Iş pozisiýasyndan yza çekildi. The enemy arasyndaky dynç wagty gyzlar bilen aýdym abandoned it's position.; serpilmek 1 v to turn aýdýarys. At break time we sing a song with the back, retreat girls. Dynç almak üçin ilki işlemeli. Before taking return dolanmak 1 v to return, come back yzyna a break one should work. dynç alyş otagy rest dolanyp gelmek to come back again syýahatdan room dynç ýatmak to take a break Gohsyz, öýüňe dolanmak to return from a journey Ýazan galmagalsyz dynç durmuşda ýaşamak her adamyň hatymyň salgysy dogry ýazylman üç günden soň maksady. To live in peace without noises and yzyna dolanyp geldi. Because the address was voices is the desire of everyone. dynç alyş öýi incorrect my letter was returned after three sanatorium days. Batly barýan maşyn birden saga dolandy. restaurant aşhana 2 [aşha:na] n restaurant, cafe, The speeding car turned right suddenly. ; canteen, kebab stand Işçiler günortanlyk edinmek gaýdyşmak 1 v to return, go Adamlar öýlerine üçin aşhanada jemlendiler. In order for the gaýdyşyp başladylar. People began to head back workers to have lunch, they gathered in the home.; gaýdyşyn1 [gaýdyşy:n] n return Biz canteen. gaýdaşyn kinoteatrada kino gördik. On the way restless biynjalyk [bi:y:njalyk] adj restless, back we went to the cinema.; gaýtarmak 2 v to uneasy, restive, anxious, disturbing comp. return, give back gaýtaryp almak to take biynjalyk bolmak comp. biynjalyk etmek someone back, accompany home; gaýtmak 1 v to return, go home yzyna gaýtmak to go back, retrace one's steps Men oýüme gaýtdym. I pitne n revolt, mutiny, riot, rebellion pitne returned home.; yza dolanmak 2 [y:za turuzmak to raise a revolt/munity, rise in dolanmak] v to return rebellion, revolt returned gaýtarylmak v to be returned, be sent revolution öwrülişik n revolution, coup; reform back, be given back Kitap eýesine gaýtaryldy. sosial öwrülişik upheaval döwlet öwrülişigi coup The book was given back to its owner. d'etat ylymdaky öwrülişik reform in science; reveal açmak 2 v reveal, discover Ylym tebigat rewolýusiýa [rewol'ýusiýa] n revolution syrlaryny açýar. Research reveals the secrets of revolve aýlamak 1 v to revolve, rotate, turn nature. Galileý ýeriň aýlanmak kanunyny açdy. sagadyň dilini öňe aýlamak to turn the hands of Galileo discovered the laws concerning the a clock; aýlanmak 1 v to revolve, rotate Ýer öz earth's rotation. comp. agyz açmak (orazada okunyň daşyndan aýlanýar. The Earth revolves nahar iýmek) comp. ara açmak comp. göwün on its axis. açmak comp. gürrüň açmak comp. ot açmak ; reward peşgeş adv for nothing, gratis, free (of

ýaýmak2 2 v to spread, divulge, reveal biriniň charge), reward for a present/gift peşgeş bermek syryny ýaýmak to divulge one's secret to give as a present/gift; sylag 2 [sy:lag] n revelation aýanlyk 1 [aýa:nlyk] n divine (financial) reward, fee; töleg 2 cf: wznos. n revelation reward revenge ar [a:r] n revenge, vengeance ar almak to rhubarb yşgyn n rhubarb (sem. domains: 1.5 - take revenge, pay someone back; kast 1 n Plant.) revenge, vengeance Mende näme kastyň bar? rhyme sazlaşmak 1 [sa:zlaşmak] v to rhyme, to Why do you want to take revenge on me?; öç have a similar rhythm; sazlaşyk n rhyme, [ö:ç] n revenge, vengeance öç almak to take rhythm revenge öç alyjy avenger, revenger ribbon lenta 1 ['lenta] n ribbon, band; tape revere dabaralamak 2 v to hold someone in Gyzjagaz saçyna ýüpek lenta dakdy. She tied a esteem, revere, pay/do homage (to) myhmany ribbon made of string in the little girl's hair. dabaralamak to honour a guest ribs gapyrga n ribs, back döş gapyrgasy chest ribs reverence alyjenaplyk 2 n reverence comp. gapyrgasyny sanabermeli reverse arka 3 n reverse medalyň arka ýüzi back rice bürünç1 n rice Bürünç ak, mele hem side/reverse side of a medal; tails side of a coin gyzylymtyl reňkde bolýandygyny, joram getirende comp. arkasyndan gürrüňini etmek bildim. Palow bişirmek üçin dukandan bürünç revive direlmek [di:relmek] v to resurrect, satyn aldym.; tüwi 1 n rice resuscitate, rise from the dead, come back to rice_plants şaly [şa:ly] n rice plants life, revive Gark bolan adamy suwdan çykaryp, rice_pudding şüle n rice pudding, semolina emeli usul bilen dem berensoňlar täzeden direldi. rich barly [ba:rly] adj rich, well-to-do, well-off The drowned man revived after he was Şöhrat barly ýeriň maşgalasyndan. Shohrat is removed from the water and given artificial from a rich family.; baý 1 [ba:ý] adj rich Ruhy respiration. Ruh ruhdan döräpdir. The spirit was baý adam köp ýagşy kitaplary okaýar. A created from spirit. comp. ölüp direlmek spiritually rich person reads many good books. revolt gozgalaň 1 [go:zgalaň] n uprising, revolt, baý toprak rich land Dökin berilen ýeriň hasyly insurrection ýaragly gozgalaň armed baý bolýar. If you put manure on the land the revolt/uprising/insurrection gozgalaň etmek to harvest will be rich; bol adj rich, abundant, rise in rebellion (against), revolt (against); plentiful, lavish Şu ýylky bugdaý hasylymyz bol bolsyn diýip Hudaý ýolyna sadaka aýtdym. adj right, correct sen mamla you are right; Aşpezçi edip eli bol adamy bellemeli, sebäbi ol hiç oňaýly 2 adj right, suitable, appropriate oňaýly zady gysganman nahara dürli dümen zatlary bol pursat right moment, opportunity ... oňaýly täsir

edip salýar. Goňşymyz ak goýyn toýyny uludan edýär. ... It makes a positive impression.; sag2 tutup, iýeri-içeri bol edip paýlady.; döwletli adj adj right sag el right hand sagdan sola from rich, well-to-do, well-off, prosperous döwletli right to left adam well-to-do man, man of righteous salyh [sa:lyh] adj righteous substance/property Işleseň, gazansaň döwletli rights hak-hukuk [hak-huku:k] (comp. of hak, maşgala gurarsyň. If you work and earn, you hukuk) n legal rights will build a prosperous family. Alan geliniňiziň rim halka 3 n encirclement, rim duşmana halka aýagy düşsin, döwletlisi bolsun! Let your bride be guramak to surround an enemy rich and bring luck to the home.; mes 3 adj ring aýlaw 2 n ring, circle Oglanlar aýlawyň içinde rich; rich, wealthy, well-to-do, prosperous mes göreş tutýarlar. The boys are wrestling in the ýaşamak to lead a prosperous life comp. mes ring. Adamlar oduň daşynda aýlaw gurap bolmak oturdyrlar. The people sat in a circle around the rich_man baý 2 [ba:ý] n rich man; beg n rich fire.; halka 2 n ring, belt açar üçin halka key- man, ruler [i.e. a khan] say. Ölini sylasaň beg ring; jaňlaşmak v to ring up, talk on the phone bolarsyň. Dirini sylasaň baý bolarsyň Jaňlaşarys! We'll speak on the phone!; riches baýlyk [ba:ýlyk] n riches, wealth Adam jyňňyrdamak v to ring, call Telefon üçin iň uly baýlyk ruhy baýlygy. For people, the jyňňyrdaýar. The telephone is ringing.; most important riches are spiritual riches. şaňlamak v to ring; ýüzük 1 n ring altyn ýüzük richness meslik 2 n richness, wealth, gold ring nika ýüzügi wedding ring {jewelry}; prosperousness say. Mesligi goýun göterer zaň n ring; honk {col} comp. mesligi götermek rinse çaýkamak 1 v to rinse (washing, mouth), ride uçmak 3 v to ride Täze atraksion uçmak üçin gargle (throat) geýimleri suwa çaýkamak to rinse joralar bilen seýil bagyna gitdik. {carousel, roller the washing; çyrpmak v to rinse (linen) coaster, etc.} comp. gözüňden uçmak ripe bişen 1 adj ripe bişen gawun ripe melon; (gözüňden ýitirmek) comp. kelläňden uçmak kämil 1 [kämi:l] adj ripe, complete, perfect (ýadyňdan çykarmak) ; ýöriş 5 [ýöri:ş] n ride Kämil ýaşlary terbiýeläp ýetişdirmek ata-eneleriň atly ýöriş horse ride mukaddes borjudyr. To bring up a perfect youth rifle hyrly1 n rifle; tüpeň n gun, rifle is a holy duty of parents. rifle_cleaner çybyk 2 [çy:byk] n cleaning rod for ripen bişmek 2 v to ripen Almalar bişdi. The a rifle tüpeň çybygy apples are ripe. Naharyň bişmegi üçin wagt right hak 4 n right, prerogative haky bolmak to gerek. Almalar bişdi. Günüň aşagynda bişdim.

have a right hakym ýok. I have no right (to do comp. agzyň bişmek ; garalmak2 5 v to ripen something). ses bermäge hak to have right to Üzüm eýýäm garalypdyp. The grapes have vote Meniň işlemäge we zähmet çekmäge hakym already ripen. comp. garalyp durmak ; kemala bar. I have right to work. comp. hak-hesip gelmek 1 (comp. of kemal) to ripen, to be or comp. hak-hukuk comp. hak-hukukly comp. become ripe hakyny alyp bermek comp. hakyňy gidermek ; rise beýgelmek v to rise; be raised up, be hukuk 2 [huku:k] n right, legal right raýat elevated Daglar kem-kemden beýgelýär. hukuklary civil rights sürüjilik hukugy driving Mountains are gradually rising up. Adam abraý licence comp. hak-hukuk ; mamla [ma:mla] bilen beýgelýär. A person is elevated with somebody the way (to a place) Hudaý ýoly a respect.; dikelmek 2 v to rise, stand up religious meal ýol bermek to let somebody pass; ýeriňden dikelmek to stand up; dogmak 1 v to make way for somebody, to permit, allow, give rise (i.e. sun, moon) Gün dogýar. The sun is opportunity ýol ugruna on the way (to) ýol rising. Zöhre ýyldyzy dogdy. The planet Venus gurluşygy road construction ýol görkeziji guide rose. Aý dogdy, ýöne bulutlardan ýaňa parahatçylyk ýoly bilen gitmek to take the path görinmeýärdi. The Moon rose, but because of of peace [a lamb or goat is sacrificed in order

clouds it was not seen. ; galmak2 2 [galmak] v to remember a deceased member of the family, to rise Bahalar birden galdy. Prices rose to give thanks for something, or to prevent suddenly. Gün ýokary galdy. The sun has risen. one's fate turning bad (i.e. to gain God's Ýer asty suw ýokary galdy. Underground streams favour).] comp. howa ýoly comp. işleri ýola have burst through. comp. Meniň gulagym salmak comp. maňa ýeke ýol galýar comp. galdy. ; gymmatlamak v to rise in price, go up; onuň işi ýol almady comp. Onuň işi ýol almady. ýokarlanmak 1 v to rise, go up; to increase, comp. onyň ýoly gowy comp. Onyň ýoly gowy. grow up girdeji ýokarlanýar profits increase comp. oňa hemme ýol açyk comp. Oňa hemme zähmet öndürijiligi ýokarlandy labour ýol açyk. comp. öz ýoluň bilen gitmek comp. productivity rose ýol bermek comp. ýola gelmek comp. ýola rise_up_out_of_poverty agzy aşa ýetmek (comp. salmak comp. ýoldan çykan comp. ýoluň(yz) ak of agyz) to begin a better life, to rise out of bolsun! comp. ýoluňy urdurmak poverty Kakam biznes işine başlansoň, biziň roam göçüp-gonmak v to roam from place to agzymyz aşa ýetdi. After my father began his place, wander, move göçüp-gonup ýörmek to business, our life improved. constantly roam from place to place rising doguş 1 n rising, rise günüň dogşy sunrise roar arryldy roar; güwwüldi n roar, low rumble, Günüň doguşy Hudaýyň tebigatda döreden iň murmur, howling tolkunlaryň güwwüldisi roar of ajaýyp peýzajlaryň birisi. The sunrise is one of waves deňziň güwwüldisi roar of the sea; the most wonderful sights in God's creation. şaggyldy n roar (of water etc.), flutter (of Täze aý doguşyny goreňde ýüzüňe sylmaly. When many birds) you see the new moon you should worship it. rob urmak 10 v to rob Janaýatçylar gije öý urmak risk töwekgelçilik risk üçin penjireden girdiler. comp. agyz urmak ritual däp 2 n rite, ceremony, ritual toý däbi (dişlemek) comp. azm urmak comp. hars urmak wedding ceremony comp. Hudaý ursun! (şert etmek) comp. kök urmak comp. nyşanadan urdy comp. özüňi oda rival bäsdeş n rival, competitor bäsdeş ýaşlar urmak (özüňi kyn ýagdaýa salmak) comp. reňk young competitors urmak comp. sowuk urmak comp. urup açmak rivalry bäsdeşlik n rivalry, competition bäsdeşlik comp. urup aglamak (özüň ýamanlyk edip,ýene etmek to compete (with in), rival (in) özüňi ejiz görkezmek) comp. ýama urmak river derýa [derýa:] n river Türkmenistanda bäş (ýamamak) derýa bar. There are five rivers in robber basmaçy cf: galtaman. n robber, bandit; Turkmenistan. derýa porty river port derýasyna galtaman cf: basmaçy. n robber, bandit, gark bolmak member of a raiding party ýolagçylary talaýan road ýol [ýo:l] n road, track, way, route, path galtaman bandits who attack travellers; howa ýoly airline, airline's route ýolda durmaň garakçy n robber, brigand deňiz garakçylary get out of the way ýol görkezmek to show sea-robbers, pirates ýol garakçylary path pirates robe halat2 1 n bride price, a long robe ýüpek goýupdyrlar. They rolled up the carpets and halat silk robe durmuşa çykýan gyzyň halady gift leaned them in the corner as a present for the for the bride wedding party. Ýazylgy duran keçeleri tomsyna rock çaýkanmak v to rock, swing, reel, stagger düýrüläp goýýarlar. Rugs are rolled up in suw çaýkanýar Ol baaly bri gaty akanar.; jyns 2 summer.; togalamak v to roll up, roll n rock gaty jyns solid layer dag jynslary layers, something; togalanmak v to roll top köçä tarap rocks, beds, strata; yramak 1 cf: yralamak. v togalanyp gitdi the ball rolled into the street; to rock, swing sallançagy yramak to rock a tolkun atmak (comp. of tolkun) v to roll (re.

cradle; yranmak 1 v to rock, swing, shake sea), [sea] billows roll; ýaýmak1 1 [ýa:ýmak]

yranyp başlamak to begin to rock; yrgyldatmak cf: ýaýylmak1, ýaýylmak2. v to roll, roll out cf: yrgyldamak. v to rock, shake, swing, move roll_on_top agdarylmak 1 [a:gdarylmak] v to roll gently to and fro on top Pişik iki ýana agdarylýar. The cats are rocket raketa 1 [ra'keta] n rocket; missile; flare; rolling on top of each other. rocket kosmosa goýberilýän raketa space rocket rolling-pin oklaw n rolling-pin comp. oklaw ýaly

raketa goýbermek to start/launch a Romance roman1 1 [ro'man] adj Romance roman rocket/missile baýramçylyk raketalary fireworks dilleri Romance languages {language group} asmanda ýarylýan raketa Rome Rum [ru:m] n Rome (sem. domains: roguery kezzaplyk [kezza:plyk] n roguery, 9.7.2.3 - Names of cities.) cheating, trickery kezzaplyk etmek to cheat, roof tüýnük 1 n roof (of yurt), house bir tüýnügiň swindle, lie men Maksadyň kezzaplyk aşagynda ýaşaýarlar they live under one roof edýändigini bilip, gaharlandym we gaty gördüm. I (i.e. in one house); üçek n roof tamyň üçegi had found Maksat was cheating on me and I {dial} was angry and hurt roofed ýapyk 3 adj roofed, covered ýapyk furgon role rol 1 n role, part baş rol leading part baş roly roofed van {grammar} comp. ýapyk bogun oýnamak to play the leading part {theatre} rook ruh2 [ru:h] n rook, castle {chess} comp. uly rol oýnamak room hana 1 [ha:na] n room; nomer 4 ['nomer] role_of_mullah mollaçylyk [mo:llaçylyk] cf: cf: belgi, ölçegli, san, sany. n hotel room mollalyk. adv role_of_mullah; mollalyk cf: myhmanhana nomeri; otag2 1 n room bir mollaçylyk. role_of_mullah adamlyk otag single room iki adamlyk otag roll dolamak 1 v to roll, wrap, cover çagany double room mugallymlar otagy staff room öz gundaga dolamak to swaddle the baby Çagany otagym my room, my bedroom dolap daşaryk alyp çykdyk. We wrapped the root düýp 2 cf: fundament, esas. n root, base of child and took her out. Sowgadyň daşyna kagyz plant düýp tutmak to put down roots, get doladyk,soňra bant edip daňdyk. We wrapped established Çynaryň düýbi gaty çuňa gidýär. The the present and fastened a bow. Nany saçaga root of the plane tree goes deep. Guran agajy salyp dolap goýdum. We covered the bread with kesmän düýbi bilen gopardylar. They uprooted a cloth. Halyny hem palasy dolap goýsaň, ýerişi the dried tree instead of chopping it out. Atam döwülmeýär. If you roll carpets and rugs they mellege on düýp nar nahalyny ekdi. My will not damage. Kagyzy dolap çüýşäň içine grandfather planted ten pomogranate trees in saldyk. We rolled a paper and put it into the the garden. Täze eken güllerimiz düýp tutupdyr. bottle. ; düýrlemek v to roll up, roll halyny Our newly planted flowers have taken root. düýrlemek to roll up the carpet Toýa sowgat Agyrly dişimiň düýbi berk bolanlygy sebäpli berilen halylary düýrüläp burça söýäp sogurman,bejerdiler. Because the root of my row galmagal 2 n row galmagal etmek make a aching tooth was immovable, the dentist row, kick up a row; goh 2 [go:h] n scandal,

treated it instead of pulling it out. comp. row goh turuzmak to brawl, make a row; hatar2 düýbüne ýetmek comp. düýbüni tutmak comp. n row, line, rank, file birinji hatar front row

düýp tutmak ; kök2 n root; radical agajyň köki hatarma hatar row upon row hatara durmak line the root of a tree dişiň köki the root of a tooth up comp. adam hataryna goşmak comp. kök urmak to be rooted (in), to take root köki hatardan çykmak bilen goparmak to uproot, to tear up by the royal lybas 1 [lyba:s] n royal costume, clothes, roots kök belligi radical sign kwadrat kök square attire, apparel; (best) outfit toý lybasy wedding root kub kök cubed root kök görkeziji root index clothes [these are one's best clothes, or 'Sunday {mathematics} best'] rope daňy 1 n leash, lead, tether, rope; tanap n rub çalmak 2 v to rub reňk çalmak to paint comp. rope, cord; urgan n rope; ýüp 1 n rope ýüp arkasyny çalmak ; owkalamak 1 v to rub with bilen daňmak to tie up Göläni ýüp bilen daňmaly. use of hands; to massage gözüňi owkalamak to The calf needs to be tied up. {thick, for tying rub one's eyes; oýkamak v to rub, massage up baggage or animals} comp. Onuň ýüpüniň arkaňy ägaja oýkamak to rub one's back against üstüne odun goýar ýaly däl. comp. ýüpsüz a tree daňmak rubber rezin 1 [rezi:n] n rubber rezin galoş rubber rose bägül n rose bush, rose Gülleriň içinde galoshes/overshoes rezin ädik wellington boots, owadany bägül. The rose is the most beautiful wellies rezin senagaty rubber industry flower. rubbish musor ['musor] cf: zir-zibilmusor hapa. rot çüýremek v to rot n rubbish; zibil 1 n rubbish zibil ýaşigi bin, rotation dolanyşyk 2 n rotation (of crops) ekin trash can; zir-zibil [zi:r-zibil] n sweepings, dust dolanyşygy crop rotation Saýlama tohum (from the floor) comp. zir-zibil salynýan ýaşyk ekseň,gowy suwarsaň ekin dolanyşygyň gowy comp. zir-zibil taşlanýan ýer ; zyňyndy n bolar. If you sow a chosen crop and water it rubbish, refuse, waste (products) önümçiligiň well, your crop rotation will be a success. zyňyndylary industrial waste rotten çüýrük adj rotten, rotted, going rotten, rude gödek adj rude, crude, coarse gödek adam decayed, putrid çüýrük agaç rotting tree, rotten rude man gödek söz aýtmak to be rude (to) wood çüýrük diş decayed tooth; lak 1 adj rug haly [ha:ly] n carpet, rug haly dokamak to rotten, bad lak ýumurtga rotten egg weave a carpet; halyça [ha:lyça] n rug; kilim roughly bary-ýogy 1 (comp. of bar, ýok) n flat woven rug eýran kilimi agaç poly ýapyp roughly, approximately Aradan bary-ýogy iki aý durdy. A Persian rug covered the hardwood geçdi. Approximately two months have passed floors.; palas [pala:s] n rug [a thin patternless since then. carpet or rug] roughness harsallyk [ha:rsallyk] n roughness, ruin azdyrmak [a:zdyrmak] v ruin, spoil, allow untidiness, inaccuracy harsallyk bilen roughly, to become infected; to tempt, entice çagany inaccurately azdyrmak to spoil the child ýarany azdyrmak to route marşrut cf: bellenen ugur. n route allow a wound to become infected; garalamak marşrutly awtobus a bus which follows a route 4 v to ruin someone ýoldaşyňy garalamak to [often owned by a private company] blame a friend ruined harap 1 [hara:p] adj bad, damaged, run ylgamak v to run aýak aldygyna ylgamak to spoiled, broken, ruined, destroyed harap run at full speed; ylgaw 1 n run ylgawda bolmak (of foodstuffs) go bad; (of teeth) decay, bolmak to be running ylgawyň bilen running, at rot; get out of order {fig} the double; ýöretmek 3 cf: ýöremek. v to run, ruins haraba [hara:ba] n ruins haraba bolup start (up) motory ýöretmek to start up the ýatmak to be in ruins haraba öwrülmek to turn engine comp. pikir ýöretmek into ruins haraba öwürmek to reduce to ruins run_alongside gapdallamak 2 v to go alongside rule agalyk [a:galyk] n rule, reign agalyk etmek to maşyny gapdallap gitmek to run alongside a car rule autocratically Türkmenistanda ruslar agalyk kanaly gapdallap gitmek go alonside of canal sürdüler. The Russians ruled autocratically in run_away gaçmak 1 v to run away, get out of the Turkmenistan.; hanlyk 1 [ha:nlyk] n khan's way comp. gaharyň gaçmak comp. gany power/authority, rule (of a khan); kada 1 gaçmak comp. keýpiň gaçmak comp. ukyň [ka:da] cf: normal. n rule, law, regulation, gaçmak comp. ysgyndan gaçmak norm grammatik kadalar grammatical rules Ýol Russia Orsýet cf: Russiýa. n Russia (sem. hereketiniň kadalaryny berjaý etmeklik biziň domains: 9.7.2.1 - Names of countries.); borjumyz. It is our duty to obey the traffic laws. Russiýa cf: Orsýet. n Russia (sem. domains: ruler çyzgyç n ruler; dolandyryjy cf: 9.7.2.1 - Names of countries.) administrator. n ruler; han 1 [ha:n] n khan, Russian ors cf: rus. n Russian (sem. domains: ruler (political) [a title given to rulers and 4.1.2 - Types of people.); rus cf: ors. adj officials in Central Asia]; hökümdar Russian rus dilinde geplemek to speak Russian [hökümda:r] n ruler, sovereign rus gyzy Russian girl rus oglany Russian boy rules kada-kanun [ka:da-ka:nu:n] n rules, laws (sem. domains: 3.5.3 - Language.) kada-kanunlara boýun bolmak to obey the rules; Russified oruslaşan adj Russified to obey the laws Biziň ýurdumyzda halkyň rust pos n rust pos baglamak to become rusty bähbidi üçin täze kada-kanunlar döredilýär. In rustle ygşyldamak v to rustle, rock our country new laws are promulgated for the rusty posly adj rusty posly çüý rusty nail benefit of people. ruthless birehim [bi:rehim] adj brutal, merciless, rumble gürrüldemek v to rumble, thunder, roar ruthless, cruel, relentless Guwanç örän birehim, Gök gurrüldeýär. It is thundering. ol it pişikleri urup, depip ýör. Jenaýaty birehim rumour gürrüň 2 n hearsay, rumour, common adamlar etýär. Ejizi uryp, sökýän birehim talk gürrüň ýaýratmak to spread a rumour, set a adamlar hudaýdan gorkanok.; rehimsiz adj rumour abroad biderek gürrüň etmek to gossip, cruel(ly), ruthless(ly), merciless(ly) Sen talk foolishly comp. gep-gürrüň ; myş-myş cf: haýwana rehimsiz bolma! Don't be so cruel to an myş. n rumour myş-myş habarlar myş-myş animal! Ol garşydaşyna rehimsiz daraşdy. He gürrüňler gossip, rumour treated his rival cruelly.

S s

s/he ol2 1 Pronoun he Ol sakgalyň aldy. He cut his sack ganar n sack; halta n sack, bag goş halta beard. rucksack, haversack, knapsack, kit-bag; kowmak 2 cf: kowalaşmak, kowalamak. v to sack, to fire, to expel, to dismiss, throw saddler howutçy n saddler (for camels), a person someone out işden kowmak to sack (from work) who makes camel saddles okuwdan kowmak to expel from the school sadness gam n sadness gam çekmek be sad, be comp. ugruna kowmak distressed/grieved gama batmak to become sad sacred keramatly 3 [kera:matly] adj sacred, holy gamyny iýmek to worry about something; keramatly ýerler sacred places (sem. domains: gamgynlyk [gamgy:nlyk] n sadness; gamlylyk 4.9 - Religion.); mukaddes 2 adj sacred n sadness, gloominess; tukatlyk [tu:katlyk] adj mukaddes borç sadness sacrifice gurban 1 [gurba:n] n sacrifice gurban safe abat 3 [a:ba:t] adj safe and sound Ol etmek to sacrifice Gurban Baýram Kurban derýadan uzakda abat ýerde mekan tutdy. He holiday [at the end of the Islamic year - settled in a safe place away from the river. abat celebrates Abraham's willingness to sacrifice his öý solid house; aman 1 [ama:n] adj safe; son, and the provision of the ram in his son's gorkusyz 1 adj safe, secure gorkusyz ýerde in place]; gurbanlyk 1 [gurba:nlyk] n sacrifice, safe place; howpsuz adj safe, secure howpsuz offering to God; hudaýýoly 2 [huda:ýýo:ly] n ýer safe place; seýf n safe seýfde saklamak to ritual sacrifice, sacrificial offering, religious keep in the safe sacrifice hudaýýoly goyun öldürýärler a sheep is safe_and_sound aman-sag [ama:n-sag] cf: sag- killed as a sacrificial offering; pida 1 [pida:] n aman. adv safe and sound Meniň doganym sacrifice pida etmek to sacrifice (to), make a gullukdan aman-sag geldi. My brother got back sacrifice (to) janyňy pida etmek to lay down safely from the army. one's life safety abatlyk 1 [a:ba:tlyk] n safety, lack of sacrificial gurbanlyk 2 [gurba:nlyk] n sacrificial damage Tupan abatlyk getirmez. A hurricane is sad gamgyn [gamgy:n] adj sad; gamgynlanmak bound to cause damage.; amanlyk [ama:nlyk] [gamgy:nlanmak] v to be adv safety; howpsuzlyk n safety, security sad/grieved/distressed biderek gamgynlanmak to howpsuzlyk tehnikasy industrial safety, accident be sad for no particular reason; gamlanmak v prevention comp. döwlet howpsuzlygy comp. to be sad, be mournful, be depressed; gamly howpsuzlyk organlary comp. Howpsuzlyk adj sad, sorrowful, melancholy gamly bolmak to Sowýeti

be sad gamly gyz sad girl; gaýgyly 1 adj sad, sail ýüzmek1 3 v sail Derýäniň ýüzünde ýelkenli melancholy, sorrowful Ol örän gaýgyly He is in gämiler ýüzýärdi. Yachts used to sail on the low spirits. gaýgyly aýdym sad song gaýgyly river. habar sad news; perişan [peri:şa:n] adj sad, sailing ýelkenli gaýyk (comp. of gaýyk) n dejected, despondent; downcast, upset, sailing boat disappointed perişan halda in low spirits, sailor gämiçi n sailor, seaman, boatman, dejected perişan bolmak to be sad, be ferryman; matros [ma'tros] n sailor, seaman despondent/dejected; tukat [tu:kat] n sad saint öwlat [öwla:t] n saint; pir 2 [pi:r] n patron saddle eýer n saddle; eýerlemek v to saddle aty saint awçylaryň piri the patron saint of hunters eýerlemek to saddle the horse; gaňňa n saddle [the guardian of a certain area of life] {for ass}; gaňňalamak v to saddle eşegi sainthood welilik 2 [weli:lik] n sainthood welilik gaňňalamak to saddle the ass; howut n camel derejesine ýetmek Ol welilik bilen aýdypdyr. saddle welilik etmek welilik satmak (hemme zady bilen saddlebag horjun 1 n saddlebag [Usually put bolmak) over a camel] sake hak 3 n sake, benefit comp. hak-hesip comp. hard as sugar edil kakasy ýaly as his father hak-hukuk comp. hak-hukukly comp. hakyny same_height boýdaş 2 n with the same height alyp bermek comp. hakyňy gidermek Oglum ýene bir ýyldan meniň bilen boýdaş bolup salad salat [sa'lat] n salad salat etmek to make öser. Kiçi jigim bilen boýymyz boýdaş, ol örän şat. salad sanach sanaç n sanach [a leather bag used to salami kolbasa [kalba'sa] cf: şöhlat. n salami, store flour or grain] cooked sausage biz irden kolbasa we çipsi iýýäris sanction sanksiýa ['sanksiýa] n sanction, we eat on breakfast sausage and chips; şöhlat approval sanksiýa bermek to give one's sanction, cf: kolbasa. n salami, cooked sausage approve salary aýlyk 1 [a:ýlyk] n (monthly) salary, wage, sand çäge n sand pay packet aýlyk zähmet haky working wages sandalwood sandal2 n sandalwood, sandal sandal sale satuw n sale, selling lomaý satuw wholesale; agajy sandalwood tree (sem. domains: 1.5 - satyşmak cf: satmak. v sale Plant.) salt duz 1 [du:z] n salt Jebelde duz käni bar. There saphar sapar3 n saphar sapar aýy the month of is plenty of salt in Jebel. Deňiz duzy adamy saphar [the name of the second Moslem month] suwyň ýüzünde saklaýar. The salt in sea water sapling nahal n sapling, young tree, young plant helps a person float. Himiýa sapagynda duz alma nahaly young apple tree nahal oturtmak to kislotasynyň reaksiýasyny geçirdik. We studied plant young trees the reactivity of hydrochloric acid in our Satan şeýtan [şeýta:n] n Satan chemistry lesson. duza ýatyrmak to put in salt sated dokunmak v to be full, sated, be filled water Hyýar bilen pomidory duza ýatyrdym. I put cucumber and tomato into salt water. comp. satellite hemra 1 [hemra:] n satellite ýeriň emeli duz iýişmek comp. duz-tagam comp. duzy hemrasy artificial earth satellite gaçan comp. söziň duzy ýok comp. ýarasyna satisfaction kanagat 2 [kana:gat] n satisfaction, duz sepmek ; duzlamak 1 [du:zlamak] v to salt pleasure kanagatlanmak to be satisfied (with), hyýary duzlamak to salt the cucumber kelem manage (with) Barymyza kanagatlanyp, Hudaýa duzlamak to salt the cabbage Tomus zenanlar şükür etmeli.; razylyk 1 [ra:zy:lyk] cf: gyşa taýynlyk görüp gök-önüm duzlaýarlar. In razyçylyk. n satisfaction, contentment Ol summer women salt vegetables to prepare for barada uçilişäniň direksiýasyndan razylyk aldy. winter. ; duzly 1 [du:zly] adj salt, salty, salted, He took satisfaction from the three year pickled Nahar duzly bolupdyr. The meal was management. Men başga işe öz razylygym bilen salty. Çorba gaty dyzly bolupdyr. The soup was geçdim. I changed jobs because I wanted to. too salty. duzly suw salt water duzly hyýar comp. razylyk bildirmek salted/pickled cucumber Olewýe salada duzly satisfactory kanagatly 2 [kana:gatly] adj hyýar salmaly. Salted cucumber must be added satisfactory (for mark) Ol hemme to the olive salad. ekzamenlerinden kanagatlanarly baha aldy. He salty şor [şo:r] adj salty, salted şorja too salty got satisfactory marks in all his exams. salvage letde n salvage, utility waste, rag, shred satisfied gownühoş adj satisfied (with), content letde bolan mata rags (with), pleased (with) gownühoş bolmak to be salvation gutulyş n salvation satisfied öz-özünden gownühoş self-satisfied, pleased with oneself; hoşal 1 [hoşa:l] adj same edil 1 adv the same (as) edil gant ýaly like satisfied, content, pleased, satifactory hoşal sugar edil gant ýaly ak hem gaty it is white and bolmak to be satisfied (with) öz-özünden hoşal self-satisfied, pleased with oneself; kaýyl 2 sword) gynyndan çykarmak to unsheathe (a [ka:ýyl] adj satisfied (with), pleased with kaýyl sword) bolmak to be satisfied (with) scale möçber 3 n scale uly möçberde in a large satisfy kanagatlandyrmak 2 scale kici möçberde in a small scale dünýä [kana:gatlandyrmak] v to make content, satisfy möçberinde in a world scale Kitabyň möçberi Saturday altynjy gün n Saturday; şenbe n nähili? Suw gyzanda, onuň möçberi artýar. Suwy Saturday {literary} ýeterlik möçberde harçlamaly. Ýeterlik möçberde dynç almaly. uly möçberde kici möçberde dünýä saucepan piti n saucepan möçberinde Adam otuz ýaşlar möçberinde save dyndarmak 1 [dy:ndarmak] v to save kämilleşýär. Men onuň bilen on ýyl möçberi (someone from), deliver (someone from) işleşdim. aladadan dyndarmak to save someone trouble;

scales teňňe2 n scales (of a fish) saplamak2 3 [sa:plamak] v to cure; to save (from) siz ony aladadan sapladyňyz you have scandal gykylyk 2 [gy:kylyk] n scandal, row saved him from trouble; ýygnamak 2 v to save scapula kebze n shoulder-blade, scapula kebzäm saved halas [hala:s] adj saved, rescued, freed, batýar there is a pain under my shoulder-blade delivered Men bu işlerden halas. I'm saved from {anatomy} this work. halas etmek to save, rescue halas scarcely zordan 2 [zo:rdan] adv hardly, barely, bolmak to be saved, be rescued scarcely Onuň sesi zordan eşidilýärdi. His speech savings amanat 1 n savings amanat depderçesi was hardly audible. Ol zordan gaçyp gutuldy. He savings book comp. amanadyny tabşyrmak had a very narrow escape. savings_bank amanat kassa (comp. of kassa) scare gorkuzmak v to scare, frighten someone savings bank scarecrow garantga n scarecrow, bugbear, fright saw bognamak v to saw Guran agaçlary scarf öýme n scarf [yellow & black Iranian scarf]; bognamak üçin byjgy alyp geldim. Azat tokaýdan üýme n lightweight scarf [? white ones worn getirlen agaçlary bognamaga çykdy.; byçgy n only by women over sixty-three years old or saw, hack-saw Satyn alan byçgymyzyň dişi brides] {colloq Saryk}; ýaglyk n scarf, ýaman ýiti. Alçamyzyň guran şahalaryny byçgy headscarf ýüň ýaglyk shawl kelläňe ýaglyk bilen kakam kesip aýyrdy. daňmak to tie a headscarf on, to put a headscarf saxaul ojar n haloxylon, saxaul [a stunted tree on comp. garagaş elýaglyk which grows in the desert and is used as scatter-brained aljyraňňy 2 adj scatter-brained firewood for shish kebabs] (sem. domains: 1.5 - scattered dagynyk [da:gynyk] adj scattered; Plant.) dispersed, sparse, spread out Türkmenler say aýtmak 1 cf: aýdylmak. v to tell, speak, say, dagynyk ýaşapdyrlar. Turkmen live widely pronounce sözi harp boýunça aýtmak to spell out separated from each other. a word habaryňy aýtmak to tell news erteki scene sahna 2 n scene kiçijik sahna small scene aýtmak to tell a story onuň aýtmagy boýunça schedule grafik cf: nobat, tertip. n schedule according to what s/he said; diýmek 1 v to say, grafik boýunça işlemek to work to schedule, tell, speak work according to the schedule ýol scab kesmek1 1 n a scab kesmek bilen örtülmek to hereketleriniň grafigi timetable of auto schedule be covered with a scab, for a scab to be formed scholar alym 2 [a:lym] adj academic, scholar say. scabbard gyn [gy:n] n scabbard, sheath gylyjyň Alym bolmak aňsat, adam bolmak kyn gyny sword sheath gynyna salmak to sheathe (a scholarly ylmy 2 adj scholarly ylmy işgär score comp. hasap-hesip scientific worker ylmy açyşlar scientific scorpion içýan [içýa:n] n scorpion Çaryny çölde discoveries ylmy taýdan scientifically ylmy içýan çakypdyr. Çary was biten by sçorpion in hikmet philosophy comp. ylmy-barlag the desert. school mekdep n school başlangyç mekdep scoundrel deýýus [deýýu:s] n scoundrel, primary school orta mekdep secondary school blackguard, villain; haramzada [hara:mza:da] mekdep mugallymy school teacher mekdebe n scoundrel, villain, rascal gitmek to go to school mekdebi tamamlamak to scrape gyrmak1 2 v to scrape tagtany pyçak bilen finish/leave school gyrmak to scrape a board with a knife; science ylym 1 n science jemgyýetçilik ylymlary sypjyrmak v to scrape, scratch social sciences, social studies takyk ylmy- scratch dyrnaçak 2 n scratch dyrnaçak yzy tehnikilar exact science ylmy tema scientific scratch (mark); gaşamak v to scratch ýeňsäňi topic gaşamak to scratch a nape. scientific alym 3 [a:lym] adj scientific say. Alym screen ekran [e'kran] n screen, television bolmak aňsat, adam bolmak kyn ; alymlyk 1 screw nurbat1 1 n screw nurbaty towlamak to [a:lymlyk] adj scientific; ylmy 1 adj scientific screw nurbatly çüý comp. ylmy-barlag screwdriver otwýortka [at'wýortka] n scientific-technical ylmy-tehniki adj scientific, screwdriver technical ylmy-tehniki konferensiýa scientific- script şrift 2 cf: ýazuw. n script; ýazuw 2 cf: technical conference şrift. n script, written language arap ýazuwy scientist alym 1 [a:lym] n scientist say. Alym arabic script bolmak aňsat, adam bolmak kyn scriptures aýat-töwwir n the scriptures scissors gaýçy n scissors bag gaýçylar secateurs sculptor heýkelçi cf: heýkeltaraş. n sculptor; scold heňkirmek 1 v to shout (at), to (verbally) heýkeltaraş cf: heýkelçi. n sculptor abuse, to scold; käýemek cf: käýinmek. v to scum kesmek 2 n scum, remains gazanyň kesmegi scold, to tell somebody off, to rebuke, to 1 the remains left in a pot reprimand ol maňa käýedi he told me off/He rebuked me.; üýrmek 2 v to scold, tell off Sen scythe çalgy 1 n scythe çalgy bilen ot ýatyrmak; näme naňa üýrüp dursuň? Why are you telling orak 1 n scythe oragyň sapy scythe handle me off? say. It üýrer, kerwen geçer comp. {large, two-handed} Üýrýän itler dişlemeýäler. sea deňiz n sea Kaspi deňzi The Caspian sea deňiz scorching jokrama adj burning, scorching, porty sea port blistering jokrama yssy scorching heat Tomsuna seagull çarlak n seagull

Aşgabatda jokrama yssy bolýar. In summer the seal peçat2 2 [pe'çat] cf: möhür. n seal peçat heat in Ashgabat is scorching . basmak to fasten with a seal, fix a seal (to); score geçirmek 12 v to drive in, score pökgini uruşdyrmak 2 v to seal Sowuk düşdi indi derwezeden geçirmek to kick a ball into the goal, aýnalary uruşdyrsagam bolýar. {windows};

to score comp. başdan geçirmek2 comp. biri- ýelmeşdirmek to seal something up (eg, a birinden geçirmek comp. bokurdakdan letter) geçirmek comp. durmuşa geçirmek comp. seaman deňizçi n seaman, sailor, marine geçirýän işlikler comp. gözden geçirmek comp. search agtaryş adv search, excavation; barlag 2 itden geçirmek ; hasap 5 [hasa:p] n (sport) [ba:rlag] n search jenaýat barlag topary criminal search team; barlamak 3 [ba:rlamak] v to duşuşyk secret meeting pynhan syr secret; syr n search Olar öýleri barlamaga geldiler. They came secret, mystery syr açmak to reveal a secret; to search the houses.; gözleg 1 n search bir tilsim n secret zadyň gözleginde bolmak to be in search of secretary kätip cf: sekretar. n secretary Kätip something; gözlemek v to search, look for, ýygnagyň dokumentlerini başlyga gowşurdy. The seek; ideg 2 [i:deg] n search idegine çykmak to secretary passed the documents of the meeting go in search of smb/smth, look (for) to the chairman. ; sekretar [sekre'tar] cf: searchlight ýalaw n searchlight, projector kätip. n secretary, typist husuzy sekretar {colloq} comp. ýalaw ýaly personal/private secretary ýygnagyň sekretary seashore deňiziň boýunda cf: plýaž. n seashore secretary of the meeting general sekretar secretary-general Döwlet sekretary Secretary of season möwsüm n season, period ýas möwsümi the State (in the USA) spring, spring season ekiş möwsümi sowing season/period ol öz möwsümini geçirdi his secretly assyryn [assyry:n] adv secretly, time/turn is up/over gyş möwsümi dynç stealthily, covertly assyryn soramak ask covertly möwsümi; pasyl n season, time (of the year) assyryn iş görmek to try to do something ýaz pasly spring, spring time ýyl pasyllary secretly seasons sect mezhep n sect, branch, division seasonal möwsümleýin adj seasonal secular dünýewi ['dünýe:wi] adj secular, non- möwsümleýin iş seasonal work religious, worldly dünýewi mekdep secular seat mündürmek cf: münmek. v to seat; to set, school Dünýewi mekdeplerde dini sapaklar put maşyna mündürmek to help somebody into a geçilmeýär. There is no religious education in vehicle çagany ata mündürmek secular schools. secluded çola 1 adj secluded, solitary, lonely çola security üpjünçilik n security, provision (of, ýer tapmak to find a secluded place with) sosial üpjünçilik social security deňizçileriň üpjünçilik ýagdaýy gowy üpjünçilik bölümi sosial second ikinji 1 second ikinji gün Tuesday üpjünçilik ikinjiden secondly; sekunt n second bir sekunt garaşyň! wait a moment, please! see görmek 1 v to see erbet görmek a) to see badly/have poor eyesight b) to hate ýagşy second_time ikilenç 1 adj a second time, for the görmek a) to see well/have good eyesight b) to second time ikilenç soramak to ask for the love (i.e. a person), respect comp. şoňa görä second time see_what_will_happen görübermek v see (what secondary ikinji 2 secondary will happen), wait and see Bagtymyzdakyny secret assyrynlyk [assyry:nlyk] n secret, covert; görübereris-dä. We'll see (what will happen). gizlin 1 [gizli:n] n secret, mystery gizlin agent seed tohum n seed undercover agent gizlin etmek to do something in secret; gizlinlik [gizli:nlik] n secret, secrecy seeing_that görä 2 post by reason (of), on account gizlinlik bilen gelmek to come secretly (of), according (to), seeing (that) meniň pikirime dokumentiň gizlinlik çägi secret limit of görä in my opinion, to my mind şoňa görä that's document; ogryn [ogry:n] adj secret, covert, why, therefore clandestine ogryn bakyş covert glance ogryn seek agtarmak v to look for, search for, seek duşuşyk secret meeting ogryn gürrüň secret talk seem çemeli 2 post seem, probably Ol bu oglany ogryn garamak to watch on the quiet; pynhan tanaýan bolmaga çemeli. She seems to know this [pynha:n] adj secret, covert; secretly pynhan boy. Ol çemeleşmek orun eýeledi. Olar oňat tanyş bolmaga çemeli. Bu gawun bäş kilo bar çemeli.; sense maňyz 2 n sense, meaning sözüň maňzy çykmak 5 v to seem Habar ýalan bolup çykdy. It sense of a word {fig} comp. maňza batmak ; seems that the news is false. comp. aradan paýhas 1 n sense, wisdom paýhas bilen sensibly çykan bolup çykmak comp. ýatdan çykmak Myrat Nepes aganyň alçaklygyny, paýhas bilen seem_brave batyrsyramak v to seem brave berýän maslahatlaryny halasa-da... Your brother Myrad Nepes' social skills, saved by sensibly seemly gelşikli 2 adj seemly, decent (e.g. accepting this advice of... paýhas bilen gürlemek woman) gelşikli gyz decent girl gelşikli adam to speak sensibly paýhas bilen reasonably handsome man sensible paýhasly adj wise, reasoned; reasonable, seer bilgiç n seer, fortune-teller Men bilgiç sober-minded, sensible paýhasly bolmak to be adamlara ynanamok. I don't trust fortune-tellers. sober, to be sensible Adamzadyň paýhasly Özüne bilgiç diýýän adamlar köplenç ýalançy ýaşaýşy onuň alyhezretleri Kitaby - Sözi bolyp çykýar. Those who claim to tell fortunes keramatlaşdyryp bilen zamanyndan başlanýar. ?? often turn out to be swindlers.; weli2 1 [weli:] paýhasly çemeleşmek to approach something n seer, prophet Oňa weliler pata beripdirler. Ol reasonably Haka ýakyn duran weli bolupdyr. [Foreteller of the future rather than a prophet in the Quranic sensitive wawwaly adv sensitive, painful or biblical sense.] {religious} say. Özüni bilen wawwaly mesele a sensitive issue weli sentence höküm 2 n sentence, verdict ýowuz seize garbamak v to seize, snatch, grab, snap höküm harsh sentence höküm çykarmak to eliňe ilen zady garbamak to grab the first thing convict, pass sentence, to sentence, issue a that comes to hand verdict hökümi ýerine ýetirmek to carry out a sentence; sözlem n sentence {grammar} seki seki n seki [a platform made from baked clay, for sitting on and drinking tea] separate aralamak [a:ralamak] v to separate uruşýanlary arala to separate the fighting selected seçilmek v to be selected, chosen people Ol sakgalyny barmaklary bilen aralady. self eden-etdi n self-will, wilfulness, arbitrariness He is growing a beard (long enough to comb self_controlled durumly 2 adj self-controlled, through).; aramak 1 [a:ramak] v to separate restrained, patient durumly adam self-controlled comp. pursat aramak ; aýyrmak 3 v to separate person aýalyny ärinden aýyrmak to separate a wife self-control öz erklilik n self-control from her husband; aýyryşmak v to separate, sell satmak cf: satyşmak. v to sell lomaý satmak get divorced; üzňe adj separate üzňe ýaşamak to sell wholesale bölek-bölek satmak to sell retail separate, solitary, detached, isolated, satyp goýbermek to sell out independent; to live by oneself Ol özüni bizden send göndermek v to send, refer işe göndermek to üzňe tutýar. assign someone to work, assign someone to separated bölünmek 2 [bö:lünmek] v to be post salam göndermek to send one's regards; separated, be divided SSSR dargap, garaşyz ibermek v to send Men oglumy daýzalaryna döwletlere bölündi. The USSR broke up and was iberdim. I sent my son to his aunt.; ugratmak 2 divided into independent states. Ekskursiýa v to send Meniň ugradan hatym bir hepdäň içinde gidemizde bäş topara bölündik. When we went barypdyr. Joram ejesine ýazan hatynda menem on the outing we were divided into five groups. ejesine salam ugratdym.; ýollamak 1 Toýyň ertesi güni geline baş salynanda, gelin [ýo:llamak] v to send {letter, e-mail} gyzlar bölünip biri biriniň garşysyna göreşýarler. seniority ýaşululyk [ýa:şululyk] n seniority Çöldäki sürimizden bäş goýun bölünip, azaşyp möjeklere şam bolupdyrlar. say. Bölüneni böri pugta adam a thorough worker Ol agzyna pugta, iýer ýeke söz hem aýtmaz. He's careful in what he separately aýra adj separately, apart aýlawly says, he won't say a word. düşmek to be separated, fall away from; aýry seriousness agraslyk adv seriousness adv apart, separately; özbaşyna 2 [ö:zbaşyna] servant bende 1 n (God's) servant Allatagalla adv separately; alone özbaşyna jaý almak to get bendesini özi gorasyn. Let God Most High defend a separate house his servant.; gullukçy 1 n servant; hyzmatçy n separation aýralyk n separation, being apart, servant otag hyzmatçysy chambermaid; parting, leave-taking aýralyk pursaty currently hyzmatkär n servant hyzmatkär aýal maid, apart aýralyk habary news of leaving servant, housemaid, maidservant September Ruhnama cf: sentýabr. n September servant-hood çorulyk [ço:rulyk] n being a [The Ruhnama, or "spiritual writings", is a book servant, the fact of being a servant Onuň published by President Saparmurat Niýazow; çorulygy bellidi. It was well known that he was a the month is named in honor of this book]; servant. sentýabr cf: Ruhnama. n September serve uzatmak 3 v to serve; to continue; to sequel dowam 2 [dowa:m] n sequel, accompany, to lead Biz restorana baramyzda continuation; rest dowamy bar to be continued bize nahar uzatmaklaryny haýyş etdik. konsertiň dowamy the continuation of the Myhmanlaň öňine nahar uzatdym. {person, food} concert şu ýylyň dowamynda sometime later this service gulluk n service, national service gulluk year Filimiň dowamyny täzeliklerden soň etmek to serve, to do (one's) national service görkezdiler. They showed the rest of the film esgerlik gullugynda while a soldier is doing his after the news. kitabyň dowamy the national service; gullukçylyk n (in) service, continuation of the book Şu romanyň dowamy post or position of servant/employee; hyzmat barmy? Does this film have a sequel? Filmiň 1 n service, favour hyzmat etmek to serve, serve dowamy ertir görkeziljek. The rest of the film (as something) husga bolup hyzmat etmek to will be shown tomorrow. Gürrüňiň yzyny serve as an example Näme hyzmat? What can I dowam edip oturma. Do not continue the rest of do for you? biriniň hyzmatynda bolmak to be at the talks. Göreş indi dowam eder. The fight will one's service continue now. dowam etdirilmek dowam sesame künji n sesame (seeds) künji ýagy sesame etdirmek dowam etmek oil Künji ýagyna palaw has süýji bolýar. Palaw sequence tirkeşik sequence with sesame oil is more deliçious. (sem. serious agras 1 adj serious Agras häsiýet adamy domains: 1.5 - Plant.) bezeýär. A serious character adorns a man.; set agmak 2 [a:gmak] v to set Gün öýleden agdy. agyr 4 adj serious SPID agyr ýokanç keseldir. The sun is setting.; batmak 2 cf: badyna. v to HIV is a serious infectious disease.; saldamly 2 set Oraza aýynda gün batandan soň agyz açylýar. adj serious, reliable, sedate saldamly adam During the month of Ramadan after the sun has

reliable person {fig}; ymykly2 1 adj serious set we break our fast.; toplum 3 cf: kompleks. seriously çynlakaý adv seriously, gravely, in n complex, set; ýaşmak2 v to set Gün ýaşdy. earnest çynlakaý gürrüň işe çynlakaý ýapyşmak The sun has set. to start working seriously, set to work set_about girişmek 2 [gi:rişmek] cf: girmek. v to seriously; pugta 2 adj serious, thorough, begin, set to do something, set about doing careful; seriously, thoroughly, carefully pugta something işe girişmek to enter (a certain type taýýarlyk görmek to prepare thoroughly işine of) work iňlis dilini öwrenmäge girişmek to start comp. el çekmek comp. gam çekmek comp. to learn English hasrat çekmek comp. hor çekmek comp. jeza set_light_to otlamak1 1 [o:tlamak] v to set light çekmek comp. keýp çekmek comp. kynçylyk (to), set fire (to), ignite otluçöpi otlamak to çekmek comp. nala çekmek comp. ýüzüne strike a match çilimi otlamak to light a cigarette atanak çekmek comp. zähmet çekmek comp. comp. maňlaýyndan otlamak zyýan çekmek ; dakmak 1 v to sew on, fasten, attach penjege ilik dakmak to sew a button on a settle çökmek 1 v to settle (e.g. earth) Meniň coat eliňe ýüzük dakmak to put on a ring orden aýak basan ýerim çökdi.; öý tutmak 1 (comp. of dakmak to decorate öý) to settle (somewhere); ýerleşmek 7 v to settle Han bu ýerde derýanyň kenarynda sewerage akaba 2 [aka:ba] cf: kanalizasiýa. n ýerleşdirdi. The khan settled them here on the sewerage, drainage akaba sistemasy sewers, banks of the river. drainage system; kanalizasiýa [kanali'zasiýa] cf: akaba. n sewerage, drainage kanalizasiýa settled oturymly adj sedentary oturymly halk sisitemasy sewer system, drainage system Biziň settled people şäherimizde kanalizasiýa gowy işleýär. The settlement hak-hesip 1 (comp. of hak, hesip) n sewage system is working well in our town. settling (with), settlement hesip geçirmek to shade kölege n shade, shadow kölegede durmak to settle (with); şäherçe n village, settlement stand in the shade; saýa 1 [sa:ýa] n shade settling hak-hesip 2 (comp. of hak, hesip) n shake elleşmek v to shake hands, greet (touch settling (with); hesip n settling comp. hak- each other); hallanlamak [halla:nlamak] v to hesip shake, rock, swing, sway; hallanlatmak seven ýedi num seven ýedi pyşdyna çenli bilmek to [halla:nlatmak] v to shake, rock, swing know one's ancestors up to the seventh sallançagy hallanlatmak to rock the cradle Ýel generation comp. ýedi gapyda ýer tapmadyk agaçlary hallanlatýar. The wind shakes the seventh ýedinji seventh trees.; sarsdyrmak 1 cf: sarsmak. v to shake, seventh_heaven aryş n Seventh Heaven arşa tremble, rock köki bilen sarsdyrmak to ýetmek to go to the heights [the highest circle shake/rock to its foundation; sarsdyrmak 2 cf: of heaven] {religious} comp. arşa cykarmak sarsmak. v to shake bu habar dünýäni sarsdyrdy seventy ýetmiş num seventy this news shook the world {fig}; sarsmak cf: several birnäçe adj several; birtopar n many, sarsdyrmak. v to shake, rock, tremble; several; telim adv several, a few silkmek 2 v to shake Men donumyň syýyny severe gazaply 2 adj severe, grim urşuň gazaply silkip... I shook out the folds of my robe...; ýyllary the grim years of war ; ýowuz 1 adj yralamak cf: yramak. v to shake ýel agaçlary severe, hard, stern ýowuz günler hard days yralaýar the wind shakes the trees; yramak 2 ýowuz höküm harsh sentence ýowuz jeza severe cf: yralamak. v to shake agajy yramak to shake punishment ýowuz synag stern test urşuň ýowuz the tree kelläňi yramak to shake one's head; ýyllary difficult years of war; zalym 2 [za:lym] ýaýkamak v to shake, swing, rock kelläňi adj severe, cruel ýaýkamak to shake one's head sew çatmak 1 v to sew löýnegiň iliginiw çatmak to shaking lerzana [lerza:n] adv shaking lerzana getirmek to shake, tremble; sarsgyn n shaking, sew a button onto a shirt ilik çatmak; çekmek1 10 [çekmek] v to sew, embroider Ol gyz ejesine tremor, shock ýer asty sarsgynlar undergroud çekipdir. comp. ah çekmek comp. ahmyr tremors çekmek comp. aýak çekmek comp. ejir çekmek shallow ýalpak 1 adj shallow ýalpak derýa toý. (nakyl) For those who are shameless every shallow river day is good for him. i.e. he is never ashamed.; shallow(s) saý adj shallow(s) derýanyň saý ýeri a haýasyz [haýa:syz] adj shameless, impudent, shallow part of the river insolent, impertinent haýasyz adam impudent fellow; imansyz 2 [i:ma:nsyz] adj shameless; shaman porhan [porha:n] n shaman porhan scandalous Türkmen halky imansyz adamy bolmak to be a shaman halamaýar. The Turkmen nation do not like the shame aýyp n shame, infamy, disgrace aýyp söz shameless person {colloq}; utançsyz adj shaming word Işsiz oturmak aýyp. It's shameful shameless, barefaced Utançsyz biheppe to sit without work. Garyplyk aýyp däl. Poverty arakhorlar arak içip masgara bolup ýorler. Gül is not a disgrace/shame. comp. aýyby ýok ýaly ene-atadan şeýle utançsyz melgunam dogular comp. aýybyňy yaşyrmak ; haýa [haýa:] n eken. shame haýa etmek to be ashamed (of); shameless_person ýüzügara n shameless person masgaraçylyk cf: masgaralyk. adv shame, shamefulness nähili masgaraçylyk! what a shape forma 1 ['forma] cf: görnüş, galyp, shame!, what a discredit! uly masgaraçylyga standart, ülňi. n shape, form şar formasynda goýmak to disgrace someone; namysyny ball-shaped depgilemek (comp. of namys) to shame, shaped şekilli 1 adv -shaped (e.g., ball-shaped) humiliate Dusmanlar halkyň namysyny silindr şekilli şar şekilli depgilediler. The enemies humiliated the share aksiýa 1 ['aksiýa] n a share {finances}; hak people.; şerim n shame, embarrassment; utanç 6 n share, part, portion, lot, payment, 2 n shame Utanç bolar gyz halyna kakaň installment meniň hakymy ber to give my share ýanynda ýaplanyp ýatsaň. Saçagyň başynda mirasdan hakly bolmak to have a share of the gerinip dursaň utanç bolar. Türkmeniň öz däbini inheritance/estate comp. hak-hesip comp. hak- bilmeseň saňa utanç dälmi?; utandyrmak 1 v to hukuk comp. hak-hukukly comp. hakyny alyp shame Daýym maňa çagakam telewizor görip bermek comp. hakyňy gidermek ; nesibe 1 ýatman ejeme kömek etmeli diýip meni [nesi:be] n share, part, portion bu meniň utandyrýardy. Ussat şägerdi sazy gowy nesibäm this is my share; paý 1 [pa:ý] n share, çalmyýandygyny aýdyp köpçiligiň içinde portion Ynha bu seniň paýyň. Here is your utandyrdy. share.; şärik 1 n share, division, piece şäriklik shameful masgara adj shameful, disgraceful, not dereje combined reciprocal voice; üle n share, to a person's credit masgara bolmak to be part, portion malyň etini üle edip paýlamak; discredited, be disgraced, be shamed masgara ülemek v to share, to divide up üläp bermek to etmek to discredit (someone), insult (someone), share out to cause (someone) shame; wejera 1 [wejera:] share_out paýlamak 1 [pa:ýlamak] cf: adj shameful, disgraceful, infamous, paýlaşmak. v to share, divide (up) iki ignominious wejera iş shameful action wejera paýlamak to halve, go halves deň paýlamak to bolmak to disgrace oneself wejera etmek to divide into equal parts; paýlaşmak 1 disgrace, defame, discredit, to put to shame [pa:ýlaşmak] cf: paýlamak. v to share (out), wejera etmek Gyz bu ýigidi wejera etdi. Ol divide (up) Olar almany deň paýlaşyp iýdiler. başlygyň üstünden düşüp, ony wejera etdi. They are dividing the apple up equally to eat it. shameless binamys [bi:na:mys] adj shameless. shareholder aksiýoner [aksiýo'ner] n impudent, brazen, insolent binamys adam shareholder; maýadar [ma:ýada:r] n shameless man Binamysa günde baýram, günde shareholder, stockholder maýadarlar jemgyýeti joint-stock company; paýçy [pa:ýçy] n shell gabyk 1 [ga:byk] n shell ýumurtganyň shareholder; paýdaş [pa:ýdaş] n shareholder gabygy egg-shell; top 2 n projectile, shell sharp duzly 2 [du:zly] adj sharp, stinging onuň shelter buky n shelter, cover, dug-out Uruşda dili duzly she has a sharp tongue gelin gyzlar we çagalar bukuda ýatyp halas sharpen çalmak 1 v to sharpen pyçagy çalmak bolýardylar. Goňşymyzyň jaýy ýananda, kiçi ogly comp. arkasyny çalmak ; çarlamak v to gorkyjyna burça bukulyp zordan tapyldy. comp. sharpen, grind pyçagy çarlamak to sharpen the bukuda oturmak comp. buky ýer ; çatma n knife; dişemek [di:şemek] v to sharpen shelter (from sun etc.); gaçybatalga cf: byçgyny dişemek to sharpen the saw Ussa gaçalga. n shelter Garagum çöli köpler üçin byçgyny dişäp, agajy kesdi. After the carpenter gaçybatalga bolupdy. Garagum desert was a sharpened the saw, he felled the tree. comp. refuge/shelter for many people.; pena 1 mama dişän ; ýiteltmek cf: ýitileşmek, [pena:] n shelter, cover, refuge pena bermek ýitelmek. v to sharpen pyçagy ýiteltmek to give someone shelter, accommodate pena sharpen a knife tapmak to find/take shelter/refuge, take cover; penalamak 1 [pena:lamak] v to shelter, give sharpness ýitilik 1 n sharpness pyçagyň ýitiligi shelter/refuge (to); yklamak v to shelter sharpness of a knife shepherd çopan n shepherd sharp-sighted ýiti 5 adj sharp, sharp-sighted Onuň gözi ýiti He has a sharp eye. comp. ýiti sherbert şerbet n sherbert zehinli comp. ýiti-ýiti Shia Şaýy n Shia, Shi'a; shiite sharp-sightedness ýitilik 5 n sharp-sightedness shield galkan n shield gözüň ýitiligi sharp-sightedness shifting ürgün adj shifting, loose ürgün çäge shave syrmak [sy:rmak] v to shave sakgal syrmak quicksand, soft sand

to shave off one's beard Shiite şehit2 [şehi:t] n Shiite {religious} shawl şal [şa:l] n shawl; ýapy2 1 n shawl, shine alarmak [a:larmak] v to shine, glitter, bedspread, counterpane, coverlet; ýapynja 2 n sparkle (e.g. eyes) Ol gyza alaryp galdym. I shawl ýapynja atynmak to cover one's head with looked at the girl with starry eyes.; a shawl lowurdamak 1 v to shine, glare, glitter, sparkle she ol2 2 Pronoun she Ol owadan köýnek satyn Ot lowurdaýar. The fire is burning brightly; almaly. She should buy a beautiful dress. şöhlelenmek v to shine ??; ýaldyramak 1 cf: shearer gyrkymçy n shearer, one who shears ýalpyldamak. v to shine, gleam, glitter, sparkle, twinkle Onuň maňlaýynda gyzyl ýyldyz sheaves hoşa2 [ho:şa] n sheaves of wheat (after ýaldyrap dur. The gold star on her forehead harvest-time) hoşa çöplemek to gather in the sparkled. sheaves shine_red gyzarmak 3 v to shine red Gün gyzaryp sheep goýun n ewe, sheep {f} görünýär. The sun shines red. sheer dik 1 adj sheer, vertical, steep dik çyzyk shining röwşen 1 adj shining, glittering, vertical line dik durmak to stand upright sparkling röwşen gözler shining eyes; sheet örtük 1 n sheet buz örtügi sheet of ice; ýaldyrawuk adj shining, bright, sparkling, prostyn n sheet, bed-sheet, linens ak prostyn glittering ýaldyrawuk gözler sparkling eyes white sheet ýaldyrawuk ýyldyzlar shining stars shelf tekje n shelf kitap tekjesi bookcase, book shirt köýnek 1 n shirt; a man's collared shirt içki shelf köýnek vest Men kakamyň doglan gününe köýnek satyn aldym. I bought shirt for my father for his beach, seashore, bank deňziň kenary seashore, birthday. comp. otly köýnek geýmek comp. öz beach derýanyň kenarynda on the riverside köýnegiň öz teniňe ýakyn ; oglan köýnek cf: kenara ýetmek to reach land kenarda ashore, on rubaşka. shirt; rubaşka cf: oglan köýnek. n shore man's collared shirt short gysga [gy:sga] adj short gysga boýly adam shish_kebab çişlik [çi:şlik] n shish kebab dumpy/tubby person comp. eli gysga ; kelte shiver gagşamak v to shiver, tremble, quiver, adj short kelte boýly undersized, shortish shake sowukdan ýaňa gagşamak to kelteboýly adam undersized person comp. kelte tremble/shiver with cold gorkudan ýaňa etmek ; sähel adj short sähel menzil a short gagşamak to tremble/shake with fear üşäp distance gagşamak shake from cold; üşemek v to shiver, shortage azlyk [a:zlyk] shortage; dellik n shake Men üşeýärin. I'm cold. sowukda üşemek shortage, scarcity käbir harytlaryň delligi Meniň elim üşeýär. scarcity of some commodity; gytçylyk n shock tisgindirmek v to shock shortage, deficiency ýangyjyň gytçylygy fuel shortage gytçylyk çekmek to be in want, be in shoe paşmak1 n shoe, boot täze paşmak new shoe need (of) shoemaker ädikçi n shoemaker shortcoming nogsan [nogsa:n] cf: nogsanlyk. n shoes köwüş n shoes, footwear köwüş dükany shortcoming, imperfection, defect kitapdaky shoe shop köwüş bejerilýän ýer shoe repair shop nogsanlary düzetmek; nogsanlyk [nogsa:nlyk] öý köwşi slipper cf: nogsan. n shortcoming shoot atmak 1 v to shoot ýaýdan ok atmak to shortcomings kemçilik n shortcomings, shoot an arrow Puşkini Dantes atdy. Dantes shot drawback, defect kemçilikleri ýüze çykarmak to Pushkin. kök atmak to dart {sewing}; göçmek 3 reveal shortcomings kemçiligi düzetmek to v to shoot Tüpeň göçmedi. The rifle misfired. improve various defects beden kemçiligi shop atelýe 2 [atel'ýe] n dressmakers, tailors deformity, physical defect Kemçiliksiz adam geýim atelýesi clothes tailor; dükan 1 [düka:n] ýok. Noone is without shortcomings. n shop, store, kiosk haryt satylýan dükan shop shorten gysgaltmak 1 [gy:sgaltmak] v to shorten, merchandise Çörek dükandan gyzgyn çörek satyn reduce gysgaldylan goşma söz abbreviation alyp bolýar. Hot bread is sold at the bakery. shorter kemter 2 adj shorter seniň boýuň kärhana dükany factory shop Kärhana özüne onuňkydan kemter gelýär you are shorter than degişli bolan dükanda öz önümini satýar. A him factory sells its products in its own shop. {Brit}; palata 4 n shop, house kitap palatasy book shop shortness peslik 1 n shortness onuň boýy peslik {firm, company} edýär he is short shopkeeper dükançy [düka:nçy] n shopkeeper; shot garsyldy n shot garsyldy eşdildi. A shot rang dükandar [düka:nda:r] n shopkeeper out. shore boýun 2 cf: baş, egmek. n shore derýanyň shoulder çigin2 n shoulder çiginlek ýigit broad- boýuny the shore of the river comp. boýnuna shouldered fellow (sem. domains: 2.1 - Body.); atmak comp. boýnuna goýmak comp. boýnuna gerden n shoulder gerdeniň bilen çekmek to münmek comp. boýnuny sogurmak comp. carry someone on one's shoulder gerdeniňde boýnuny towlamak comp. boýun almak comp. götermek to carry on the shoulder boýun bolmak comp. boýun egmek comp. shoulder_blade pilçe 2 [pi:lçe] n shoulder-blade boýun gaçyrmak ; kenar [kena:r] n shore, pilçe süňki shoulder-blade; the scapula {anatomy} shut_off baglamak 3 [ba:glamak] v to shut off, shoulders egin 1 n shoulders egin-eşik clothes çep fence Ýollar remont edilende, daş-töweregini egin left shoulder sag egniňe ýatmak to lie on baglaýarlar. When they repair the roads they one's right shoulder comp. bir egne comp. egin shut them off from outside traffic. Mallar bermek comp. egin egne kakmak comp. egin- mellege girip ösümligi zaýalamazlygy üçin, egne bermek comp. egine atmak comp. egniň mellegiň töweregini baglaýarlar. When domestic bilen çekmek comp. egniňden gum sowur animals enter the field they fence the field in to comp. egniňi gysmak/ ýygyrmak stop them harming the plants. comp. bil bagla comp. ýüregiňi baglamak shout goh 1 [go:h] n loud noise, shout;

gygyrmak 1 cf: gygyryşmak. v to shout, cry shutter ýaşmak3 2 n shutter gaty gygyrmak to cry/shout loudly; gygyryşmak shy çekinjeň adj shy, bashful, retiring; dili

cf: gygyrmak. v to shout, cry, or make a noise gysgalyk (comp. of dil1) withdrawn, shy, at each other; heňkirmek 2 v shout, cry, roar introverted, quiet Serdaryň kakasy arakhordygy show aýlamak 3 v to show gelen myhmanlary sebäpli klasdaşlarynyň ýanynda dili gysgady. bazara aýlamak to show guests which have Serdar was withdrawn in the presence of his come round the market sürini yzyna aýlamak to classmates because his father is a drunk. bring sheep/goats back in from the pasture; sibling dogan 1 n sibling i.e. brother or sister görkezmek 1 v to show, demonstrate, put on aýal dogan (married) sister gyz dogan older görkeziji tagta time-table täze oýun görkezmek to sister uly dogan older brother; older sister put on a new play Menden uly iki sany erkek doganym bar. I have shower duş1 [du:ş] n shower duşa girmek to take a two older brothers. Menden uly gyz doganym shower duşa düşmek to take a shower meniň joram ýaly,bar syrymy şoňa aýdýaryn. My older sister is like a friend, I tell all my secrets showing görkeziş 1 n showing, demonstration to her. Aýal doganymyň iki sany çagasy bar. My täze film görkeziş showing of a new film sister has two children. shown görkezilmek 1 v to be shown, be sick hassa adj sick, ill, unhealthy hassa bolmak to displayed Düýn okuwçylara täze film görkezildi. be ill; kesel adj sick kesel bolmak to be ill, be A new film was shown to the pupils yesterday. sick kesel adam sick man; näsag 1 cf: nähoş. n shrill çirkin adj shrill, sharp, piercing çirkin ses a the sick, sick person Tebip dag otlary bilen shrill voice çirkin gygyrmak to cry in a shrill näsaglary bejerýär. The folk doctor heals sick voice people with mountain herbs.; näsag 2 cf: shrine öwlüýä 2 n shrine {saint} nähoş. adj sick, unhealthy; syrkaw 1 n sick shrink girmek 3 [gi:rmek] cf: girişmek. v to person; syrkawlamak v to be sick, be ill, fall ill shrink Mata giripdir. The material has shrunk. side beýle 2 adj side, other side Mekdebimiz demir comp. düýşe girmek comp. jan girmek comp. ýoluň beýle ýüzünde ýerleşýär. Our school is on sana girmek the other side of the railway line. comp. bir shroud kepen n shroud kepene dolamak to shroud eýlesine, bir beýlesine geçmek ; böwür n side, shudder tisginmek 2 v to shudder, wince, flinch flank Bir ýerik gaty ylgasam iki böwrümem sanjyp shuffle garmak 2 [ga:rmak] cf: garjamak. v to başlaýar. Çep böwrüm sanjyp oturyp turamda (cards) shuffle comp. tozana garmak agyrýar. Täze galdyrlan jaýyň bir böwri çat shut ýapmak 1 cf: ýapyşmak. v to close, shut açypdyr. Atam mydama tamyň düýbine geçip gapyny ýapmak to close the door comp. gol böwrini diňledip oturardy. comp. böwri ýapmak comp. Tamdyra gyzanda ýap. bükgüldili comp. böwrüni diňlemek ; bykyn n side Eliňi bykynyňa urup durmada, gelde signaller aragatnaşykçy [a:ragatnaşykçy] n dogramaň nanyny dograş. Türkmenlerde zenan signaller, communications engineer, radio maşgala elini bykynyna ursa halananok.; eýläňe operator

geçirmek (comp. of eýle) that side Ol eýlede signature gol2 2 n signature gol goýmak/çekmek to ýaşaýar. He lives on that side. eýle tarapyna sign, put one's signature gol çekilen dokument öwürmek to turn to another side eýlesine signed document comp. gol ýapmak seretmek to look at another side; gapdal 1 n significance ähmiýet n significance, importance side Ol sag gapdalyna ýykyldy. he fall over to uly ähmiýeti bolmak to be of great right side; gyraň 2 n side; ýanbaş [ýa:nbaş] n importance/significance side Meýidi sag ýanbaşyna ýatyryp ýüzüni kybla silence dymşyk n silence, quiet, absence of goýarlar. They lay the corpse on its right side talking Konsert başlamazyndan öň ýany zalyň içi and facing the south-west. {anatomy}; ýykgyn dymyşykdy. Before the concert there was silence 1 - side ýykgyn etmek to take someone's side, in the hall. Dymşyk uzak wagta çekdi. The side with someone silence continued for a long time. Hiç ýerde hiç sideways gapdallaýyn adj sideways gapdallaýyn ses ýokdy, dymşyk ýüregiňi gysýardy. There is no durmak to stand next to someone; ýanyn sound, the silence is boring. ; ümsümlik 1 n [ýa:ny:n] adj sideways ýanyn ýöremek to sidle silence, quietness ümsümligi bozmak to break ýanyn ýatmak to lie on one's side the silence ümsümlige diň salmak Otaga siege gabaw 1 [ga:baw] n siege, blockade gabawa ümsümlik aralaşdy. Silence reigned in the room. düşmek to be encircled, be hemmed in on all silent sem adv silent sem bolmak to fall/become sides gabawdan çykmak to break out of a siege silent, lapse into silence, stop sem bol! shut your sieve elek n sieve; süzgüç 1 n sieve, colander mouth!, shut up! ol sem boldy he fell silent; sift elemek v to sift, screen un elemek to screen sessiz-üýnsüz adv silent, without speaking; flour ümsüm 1 adj silent, quiet; ýuwaş 2 adj silent, sight görüş n sight, eyesight, vision görüş organy noiseless; still, calm; silently, noiselessly ýuwaş organ of sight; nazar 1 cf: nukdaýnazar. n adam silent person ýuwaş oturmak to sit still sight, look nukdaý nazar point of view, comp. ýuwaş-ýuwaş comp. ýuwaş-ýuwaşdan conception nukdaý nazardan according to nazar silk ýüpek adj silk ýüpek gurçugy silkworm ýüpek salmak to look at, cast a glance/look (at); to süüými silk thread ýüpek köýnek silk shirt comp. favour nazaryňy dikmek to gaze (at), stare (at) beýik ýüpek ýoly nazarda tutmak to take into consideration; to silk_dress keteni n silk dress Milli baýramlarda gaze (at), stare (at) comp. nazar akmak comp. gelin-gyzlara keteni owadan gelişýär. Silk dress nazar dikmek comp. nazar kaklyşmak comp. fits well for young women in national holidays. nazarda tutmak [national costume worn by girls] sign alamat 1 [ala:mat] n sign aýyrmak alamaty silk_road beýik ýüpek ýoly (comp. of ýüpek) minus sign goşmak alamaty plus sign; nyşan 1 The Silk Road [nyşa:n] n sign; indications keseliň nyşany silly tentek adj silly, stupid, daft, idiotic symptom nyşan bolun hyzmat etmek to be a sign silver kümüş 1 n silver kümüş çaýmak to silver, to (of) baharyň nyşany sign of spring; üm n sign, coat or plate with silver mark, signal, gesture üm etmek to give a sign, to silversmith kümüşçi n silversmith Kümüşçi give a signal üme düşmez akmak kümüşden köp owadan şaý-sepleri ýasaýar A signal yşarat [yşa:rat] n signal, sign yşarat etmek silversmith makes much beautiful jewelry out to give a signal of silver. günä ýüklemek similar birmeňzeş adj similar, the same; meňzeş sincerely päk ýürekden (comp. of päk) adj similar, alike, resemblance bir meňzeş the sincerely, in all sincerity same, identical meňzeş bolmak to resemble, look sincerity saplyk 2 [sa:plyk] n sincerity, candour like someone, be alike Ikisi meňzeş They are ýüregiň saplygy frankness, sincerity {fig} both alike. Bu iki öý örän meňzeş These two sinful günäli adj sinful, guilty houses are very similar. meňzeş ýagdaý same singer aýdymçy n singer situation comp. ile meňzeş etmek single gidişin [gidişi:n] n single, one way, simile meňzetme n simile, metaphor {lit} outward bound, on the way there gidişin bileti simple sada 1 [sa:da] adj simple, not single ticket; ýeke adj alone, single Ýatakda complicated, easy; simple task sada mesele ýekeje sygyr bar. In the shed is a single cow. comp. sada san comp. sada sözlem ; sada 2 comp. ýeke-täk comp. ýeke-yeke(den) [sa:da] adj simple, humble, naive, simple- single_offspring ýalky adj single_offspring ýalky hearted, open-hearted, artless sada ýigit simple- gyzlamak to give birth to a single offspring hearted fellow sada adamlar ordinary people sink batmak 1 cf: badyna. v to sink, go down, be comp. sada san comp. sada sözlem ; ýönekeý 1 lost Aýagym batga batdy. My hand sank into the [ýö:nekeý] adj simple, understandable ýönekeý swamp.; siňmek 1 v to sink, soak something sözler simple words; ýönekeý 3 [ýö:nekeý] adj simple ýönekeý sözlem simple sentence ýönekeý sinless takwa [takwa:] adj sinless, without sin sözler simple words ýönekeý daýhan gyzy an sinner günäkär 3 n a sinner; sinful ordinary farm girl Meniň ýönekeý adymy sinuous aýlawly adj sinuous, tortuous, twisting tutaýyň! Please speak to me normally! ýönekeý aýlawly ýol twisting road aýlawly gürrüň to tip- bir waka everyday occurrence {grammar} toe around an issue, beat around the bush, not simpleness sadalyk 1 [sa:dalyk] n simpleness, say something straight out simplicity; ýönekeýlik [ýö:nekeýlik] n sir aga 2 [a:ga] n uncle; father's cousin [older simpleness, usualness, ordinariness male relatives on the father's side.] simplicity sadalyk 2 [sa:dalyk] n simplicity, sire höwür1 n sire, stud, stallion, bull höwür at naiveness, navety özüňi sadalyga salmak to stud, stallion höwür erkek bull camel höwür pretend naive, affect navety öküz bull höwre goýmak to couple, to pair simplified aňsatlaşmak [aňsa:tlaşmak] v to be (with), mate höwürden çykmak to copulate simplified, become easier sister bajy 1 n sister [form of address to someone simplify aňsatlaşdyrmak [aňsa:tlaşdyrmak] v to approx. the same age, but not well acquainted simplify, make something easier; with.] {dial}; ejeke n sister (elder) {dial}; uýa sadalaşdyrmak [sa:dalaşdyrmak] cf: 2 cf: medsestra. n sisters Üç uýaň üçüsem sadalaşmak. v to simplify meseläni lukman boldylar. Olar hak uýa dälde dogan sadalaşdyrmak to simplify a problem ýazuwy okaşan. {dial} sadalaşdyrmak to simplify spelling sister-in-law elti n sister-in-law, husband's simply keýpine adv simply, without particular brother's wife reason, just for the sake of it men saňa keýpine sit jaýlaşmak 1 [ja:ýlaşmak] [ja:ýlaşmak] cf: jaň etdim I rang you up just for the sake of it jaýlamak. v to sit, settle, make oneself sin günä 1 n sin günä iş etmek to sin, to comit a comfortable, settle in Ol diwanyň üstünde sin günäsini geçmek to forgive, pardon comp. jaýlaşyp oturdy. He made himself comfortable on the sofa.; oturmak 1 cf: otyr. v to sit adam professional, skilled worker; türgen 1 cf: (down) comp. otur ýeri ; oturtmak 1 v to make sportçy. adj skilled türgen etmek to train someone sit down Ol çagany dyzynda oturtdy. skin deri 1 n skin, hide Ir säherdäki şöhle adam She sat the child on her knee. derisine peýdaly. The morning sunlight is sit_on_lap çökermek 1 v to sit someone on one's beneficial for man’s skin. deri keselleri skin lap disease derisine saman dykmak the hide was sitting otyr [oty:r] cf: oturmak. v sitting stuffed with straw Diýenimi etmeseň deriňe saman dykaryn. If you do not listen to meI will sit-upon otyrýer 3 [oty:rýer] n bottom stuff your hide with straw. (sem. domains: 2.1 - six alty num six altylyk card with a six on it, a six Body.); ham1 1 [ha:m] n skin, hide (of an sixth altynjy sixth animal) hamyny soýmak to skin; to fleece sixty altmyş num sixty someone hamdan edilen made from the skin size gabara n size, dimensions jaýyň gabarasy the malyň hamyny duzlamak to cure the animal`s size of a house; nomer 3 ['nomer] cf: belgi, hide {fig}; meşik n skin (wineskin, water-skin, ölçegli, san, sany. n size Sen näçenji nomerli leather bag) suwly meşik water-skin comp. köwüş geýýäň? What size do you take in shoes?; meşik ýaly ; paçak 1 n rind, skin gawun paçagy

ölçegli 4 cf: belgi, nomer, san, sany. adj melon rind; ýüzmek2 v to skin {animals} having a certain size; ululyk 1 n size Asmandan skinny agajetli (comp. of agaç) skinny, all skin nämälim ululyk, astronomiýa şary gaçdy, onuň and bones, bean pole; arryk adj skinny, thin diametri 30 metre barabar. skirmish atyşyk n skirmish, shooting, fighting iki skein sargy 3 cf: sarag. n skein, hank, cut ýüpek taraplaýyn atyşyk fighting on both sides sargysy skein of silk; ýumak n skein, hank, ball skirt etek 1 n skirt Ol etegini dolduryp alma getirdi. bir ýumak ýüp skein of wool or thread ýumagy She brought some apples gathered up in the çözlemek to unreel a skein comp. ýüregiň folds of her skirt. comp. başyňy etegiňe salmak ýumagyny çözlemek skittish ürkek adj skittish, easily frightened ürkek sketch taslamak to sketch, draw at skittish horse ürkek goýun {domestic skewer çiş2 2 [çi:ş] n skewer, spit (for roasting) animals} Ne çiş köýsün, ne kebap. Don't let a skewer nor a skull_cap tahýa n skull-cap [worn by both men kebab go to waste/get burnt. and women] skilful çeper 1 adj skilful, able çeper dokalan haly; skull-cap börük [bö:rük] n skull-cap Köp kişi eliňden gelmek (comp. of el) to be skilful, to ýalňyşyp gyzlaň tahýasyna börük diýärler. be able to do smth Tok enjamlaryny oňarmak Gaýnatamyň ak goýyn toýyna börük sowgat elektrigiň elinden gelýär. Electrician can fix any berdim. [embroidered] {women} kind of electrical equipment.; hünärli 2 adj sky asman [asma:n] n sky, heaven; gök galdy 4 skilful, expert, able, capable (comp. of gök) sky, heaven Başda Hudaý gögi skill çeperlik 1 n skill, craftsmanship, we ýeri ýaratdy. In the beginning God made the workmanship,, proficiency Onuň eliniň çeperligi heavens and the earth.; pelek 1 n sky comp. mälim.; hünär 2 n skill, ability hünäriňi pelek urmak görkezmek to display one's skill; ökdelik n skill, slake gandyrmak [ga:ndyrmak] v to slake, expertise işine ökdelik skill at work ökdelik bilen quench, satisfy suwsuzlygyňy gandyrmak to skillfully quench one's thirst suwdan gandyrmak to give skilled hünärli 1 adj having a someone water profession/trade/specialization/skill hünärli slam şakyrdamak v to slam; urmak 5 v to slam 10 ýyldan soň letargik ukydan oýanandygyny çap Okap otyran kitabynyň manysyna gahary gelip etdiler. comp. baky uka gitmek comp. süýji urup ýapdy. Oglan gaharyna gapyny urup çykyp ukyda comp. uka gitmek comp. ukudan gitdi. comp. agyz urmak (dişlemek) comp. azm goýmak comp. uky gelse comp. ukydan urmak comp. hars urmak comp. Hudaý ursun! oýanmak comp. ukydan oýarmak

(şert etmek) comp. kök urmak comp. sleepwalker ýatak1 n sleepwalker nyşanadan urdy comp. özüňi oda urmak (özüňi sleeve ýeň n sleeve (sem. domains: 5.3 - kyn ýagdaýa salmak) comp. reňk urmak comp. Clothing.) comp. ýeň astyndan comp. ýeň sowuk urmak comp. urup açmak comp. urup çermeşmek aglamak (özüň ýamanlyk edip,ýene özüňi ejiz slice bölmek 1 [bö:lmek] v to slice, cut; dilim n görkezmek) comp. ýama urmak (ýamamak) slice, strip, piece bir dilim gawun a slice of slander myjabat [myja:bat] n slander, calumnity, melon Uly gawundan bir dilim kesip aldym. I cut defamation, aspersion kimdir birine myjabat a slice of melon. Saýlamak üçin her matadan bir ýapmak to talk slanderously about somebody, dilim gyrkyp aldym. I cut a piece of cloth for a slander somebody, defame, calumniate; şyltak sample. Pyrtykalyň dilimini tortyň üstüne adv slander; töhmet n slander; ýamanlamak goýdum. I put a slice of orange on the cake. cf: ýamanlaşmak. v to slander, calumniate, slide gaçyrmak 6 v to slide, let go akylyňy blacken, to libel yzyndan ýamanlap ýörmek to gaçyrmak to let your cleverness slide comp. bir slander someone behind his back heň gaçyrmak comp. boýun gaçyrmak comp. slanderer töhmetçi n slanderer ynjalygyny gaçyrmak slap çalmak 3 v to slap ata gamçy çalmak comp. slightly_drunk keýpli 2 adj slightly drunk ol arkasyny çalmak ; şapbat 2 [şapba:t] n slap oturlyşykdan keýpli dolandy he came from party (with hand) with good mood/slightly drunk. slate şifer ['şifer] n roof slate slip sypmak v to slip, slip away, escape Käse slaughter soýmak v to slaughter, cut an onuň elinden sypdy. The cup slipped out of his animal's/someone's throat, then skin it hands. Ol jezadan sypdy. He escaped slaughter_house gassaphana [gassa:pha:na] n punishment.; taýmak [ta:ýmak] v to slip, slide slaughter-house onuň aýagyň taýdy his leg slipped; typmak slave gul n slave, servant gul etmek to enslave, [ty:pmak] v to slip, slide make someone into a slave; gyrnak n slave, slippers şypbyk slippers servant girl {f} slippery typançak [ty:pançak] adj slippery buz slavery gulçulyk n slavery, slave-owning gulçulyk typançak icy döwri slave-owning age slogan şygar 1 [şyga:r] n slogan sledge_hammer tokmak n sledge-hammer, slope düşelge 2 n slope dagyň düşelgesi hammer, mallet mountainside Dagyň düşelgesi kert eňňit bolup sleep uk cf: uky. n sleep; uklamak [u:klamak] v inýärdi. The slope of a mountain goes down as to sleep Garry adamlara uklamak kyn. flat bend.?????; inelge [i:nelge] n slope kert Myhmanhanada men arkaýyn uklap ýatyp inelge steep slope; ýapaşak [ýapaşa:k] n slope, bilemok. comp. piliň gulagynda uklamak comp. incline ýapaşakdan aşak düşmek to slope down, uklap galmak comp. uklap oturmak ; uky to come down the slope; ýapgyt n slope, rise [u:ky] cf: uk. n sleep Uky, iýmit bilen suw slot_machine awtomat 2 [awto'mat] n automatic adama birinji gerekli zatlar. Gazetde bir adamyň machine, slot-machine telefon awtomat pay phone gül ysgamak to smell a flower slow ýuwaş 3 adj slow, slow-moving; softly, smelly ysly 2 [y:sly] adj smelly, stinking erbet gently, quietly; silent; calm; still, motionless; ysly bad smell {unpleasant}

slow; slow, slack ýuwaş ädim slow pace işler smetana gaýmak2 1 n soured cream, smetana ýuwaş gidýär thing are slack ýuwaş-ýuwaş ýagly gaýmak fat cream slowly (does it) ýuwaş-ýuwaşdan gradually smile ýylgyrmak cf: ýylgyryşmak. v to smile Ol ýuwaş ses quiet voice ýuwaş geplemek to speak ýylgyryp jogap berdi. He answered, smiling. {one quietly ýuwaş kakmak to knock quietly Ýuwaş person}; ýylgyryşmak cf: ýylgyrmak. v to bal Silence! ýuwaş oturmak to sit still Men smile olar bir-birine seredip ýylgyrdylar they ýuwaş ýöräp gitmeli boldum. I had to go quietly. smiled looking each other {two or more people, Işler ýuwaş gidýär Things are slack. (sem. together}; ýylygyrşy n smile men onuň domains: 8.4.8 - Speed.) {work} comp. ýuwaş- ýylgyrşynda hiç hili ýasamalyk görmedim i ýuwaş comp. ýuwaş-ýuwaşdan haven`t seen any falseness in his smile onuň slower haýalrak adv more slowly, slower ýylgyrşy ony has-da owadan görkezýär her smile haýalrak aýt to speak more slowly makes her more beautiful slowly assa adv slowly, calmly assa ýöremek to smirk ýyrşarmak v to smirk, grin, smile ol maňa walk slowly; haýal 1 adv slowly haýal ýöremek seredip ýyrşardy he smirked looking at me to walk slowly haýal etmek to do something smoke çekmek1 7 [çekmek] v to smoke; draw, slowly; yraň-daraň adv slowly, unhurriedly, absorb Çilim çekmek zyýanly. çig çekmek to unsteadily yraň-daraň ýöremek to walk absorb, soak up moisture comp. ah çekmek slowly/unsteadily comp. ahmyr çekmek comp. aýak çekmek small kiçi 1 adj small, little kiçi jaý small house; comp. ejir çekmek comp. el çekmek comp. gam maýda adj small, little; ownuk 1 adj small çekmek comp. hasrat çekmek comp. hor ownuk pul change, small change ownuk galalar çekmek comp. jeza çekmek comp. keýp çekmek walled towns ownuk şahly mal sheep and goats comp. kynçylyk çekmek comp. nala çekmek ownuk hojalyk small-scale farming; ownuk- comp. ýüzüne atanak çekmek comp. zähmet uşak adj small ownuk-uşak zat satyn almak to çekmek comp. zyýan çekmek ; tüsse n smoke; buy all kinds of things ownuk-uşak iş small tüsselemek v to smoke work ownuk-uşak pul small change; ujypsyz 2 smoke_hole tüýnük 2 n smoke hole, hole in the [ujy:psyz] adj small ujypsyz iş üçin dawalaşmak roof [top part of the roof of a yurt, the part that to quarrel over nothing ujypsyz zat üçin adamyň opens to let smoke out] göwnüne degme don't offend someone over a smoker çilimkeş n smoker; çilimli adam n small matter smoker, someone who smokes small_bag bukja 1 cf: konwert. n small bag, case smooth tekiz [teki:z] adj horizontal, even, flat; (pencil case) smooth smallpox mama1 1 [ma:ma] n smallpox mama smoothly ýag ýaly (comp. of ýag) smoothly, keseli smalpox {medical} without any problems at all smell ys 1 [y:s] cf: ys-kok. n smell, fragrance smuggler kontrabandaçy n smuggler, ýakymly ys sweet scent Her gülüň bir ysy bar. contrabandist neşe kontrabandaçylary drug Each flower has its own fragrance. ys alyş scent smugglers ys almak to sniff, smell Onuň ys alşy oňat. He snack çaý-çörek [ça:ý-çörek] n meal, snack çaý- has a good nose. {pleasant}; ys-kok [y:s-kok] çörek iýmek to have something to eat, have a cf: ys. n smell; ysgamak [y:sgamak] v to smell snack, have a bite to eat; garbanmak v to have da? So, you don't believe me? Diýmek, sen a quick bite (for lunch), have a snack, grab meniň bilen kluba gitjek däl-de?! So, you are not something to eat az-owlak garbanmak to have a going to the club with me?! Diýmek, sen indi snack gitjek-dä? So, are you going now?; eýsem 1 snack_bar garbanalgahana [garbanalgaha:na] n conjunction so, but, then; but not, otherwise Ol lunch counter, snack bar {colloq} eýsem gelmezmi? so will not he come?; şeýlelik n so comp. şeýlelik bilen ; şunlukda adv so, snake ýylan [ýyla:n] n snake ýylanyň gowy snake like this, and so şunlukda ikinji meselä geçýäris scales ýylanyň zäheri venom so, let's move onto the second question; ýaly 4 snarl jabjynmak v to snarl (at), bark, yelp Güjük [ýa:ly] post so (that) döwilmez ýaly so that it jabjyndy. The puppy snarled. jabjynyp jogap won't break diyen ýaly approximately, roughly; bermek to answer with a snarl ýeri interj now, so Ýeri, näme aýtjak? Now, sneeze asgyrmak v to sneeze what are you going to say? sniper mergen n sniper; sharp-shooter, good shot, so_much ençeme 2 adj so much, so many ençeme marksman mergen bolmak to be a good shot wagt so much time ençeme kitap so many books snore hor çekmek (comp. of çekmek1) v to ençeme döwletler number of states; munça adj snore; horlamak 1 v to snore; parryldamak v so much; so many munça gürrüň nämä gerek? to snore; to make a loud noise; to snort (about what's the point in talking like this? munça puly horses); parryldy 1 n snore; loud noise biz nädip sowarys? comp. munça bolanyna snort parryldy 2 n snort, sniff görä ; şonça adv so much, so many snow gar [ga:r] n snow gar ýagmak to snow gar so_very şeýle bir (comp. of bir) so very Şeýle bir awusy pain of snow ýüzünden gar ýagmak his owadan görmäge göz gerek. It's so beautiful you face is snowing say. Galan işe gar ýagar have to see it snow-plough kürek 2 n snow-plough kürek bilen soak ezmek 1 v to soak, wet suwda ezmek to soak gar artmak to clear snow away with a in the water snowplough soaked ezilmek 1 v to get wet/soaked Men so ahyry [a:hyry:] particle after all Bu seniň çagaň ezildim. I'm soaked. Men ýagyşda ezildim. ahyryn! So this is your child! Sen geldiň ahyry! soap sabyn [sa:byn] n soap kir sabyny laundry So you came after all! comp. ahyryn ; bir 2 soap tualet sabyny toilet soap sabyn zawody num so Irden tursak ýere bir giden gar ýagypdyr. soap-works, soap factory In the morning so much snow had fallen on the soar gaýmak1 1 [ga:ýmak] v to soar, glide; fly hard ground. comp. bir agza bakmak comp. bir Gaýyp gitdi. He flew away. gaýyp bolmak to almany iki bölen ýaly comp. bir çukura disappear, vanish Asmanda guşlar gaýýarlar. the tüýkürmek comp. bir demde comp. bir derejede birds are flying in the sky. Ýapraklar gaýýarlar. comp. bir gezek comp. bir gözde the leaves are falling. görmek/garamak comp. bir gysym bolmak sob sojamak [so:jamak] v to sob, weep aloud; comp. bir hasapdan comp. bir özi comp. bir zar-zar aglamak (comp. of zar-zar) to cry özüňe comp. bir wagtda comp. bir zat comp. from the heart, to sob bir-biri(ni) comp. bir-birine comp. biri comp. sociable alçak adj sociable birimiz comp. kimdir biri comp. şeýle bir ; diýmek 2 adv so, well, that is to say Pagta social maddy 2 cf: sosial. adj social; sosial cf: planymyzy doldyk diýmek bolar. So we fulfilled maddy. n social our cotton plan. Diýmek, sen maňa ynanaňok- social_class synp 2 cf: klas. n social class society jemgyýet n society, organization, solve işlemek 3 cf: işleşmek. v solve meseläni community Zenanlar jemgyýeti uly işler bitirýär. işlemek to solve the task Women do important work for society. some birentek adj some, several birentek mesele sock jorap [jora:p] n sock, slipper-sock, stocking birentek adam Birentek adamlar burçly nahary Aýalym maňa ýüň jorap örüp berdi. My wife gowy görýärler. Birentek owalarda keselhana ýök. knitted woollen socks for me. Birentek işler edilmän galdy.; ençeme 1 adj socket rozetka [ro'zetka] n socket {electrical} some, a few, several, a certain number of ençeme ýyllaryň geçmegi... several years having sofa diwan [di:'wa:n] n sofa, settee, couch, divan, passed...; galyň adj some, other galyň adamlar sofa-bed diwanyň üstünde oturmak to sit on the 3 some people, others galyň agzyboşlar gybat sofa [can be put down in order to be used as a ýaýradýarlar some talkative people spread bed] gossip; käbir adv some käbir adamlar some soft ýumşak 1 adj soft ýumşak krowat soft bed people käbir ýagdaýlarda in some cases Käbir ýumşak oturgyç armchair, easy chair ýumşak ýer ýurtlarda çilim çekmek gadagan. It is forbiddent soft ground ýumşak kentlewük to smoke in some countries.; käbiri adj some of soften ýumşamak 1 cf: ýumşatmak. v to soften, adamlaryň käbiri some of people Olaryň käbiri become soft, grow pulpy; become loose; maňa düşünenok Some of them don't understand ýumşatmak 1 cf: ýumşamak. v to soften, me make soft; make loose kätmen bilen ýumşatmak somehow birhili 2 [birhi:li] adj somehow, to hoe somewhat Otagyň içi birhili garaňky. soil toprak 1 n soil, earth someone kimdir biri (comp. of bir) someone, soldier esger 1 n soldier harby gullukdaky esger a somebody Mysal üçin birini aýdaýyn. For soldier on national service; urşujy n soldier, example, let me tell you one. Joram bilen bir- warrior, fighter birimize garaşyp, okuwa bile gidýäris. I wait for sole daban 1 [da:ban] n sole (of the foot), dial: my friend, then we go to our place of study heel, foot Dabanyň gyzmasa, bedeniň ýylamaýar. together. Gapyda kimdir biriniň durandygyny If your heel doesn't get hot your body won't get gördüm. I saw that someone had come to the warm. dabanyňa köz basylan ýaly bolmak like door. Ol ýerde kimdir-biri barmy? Would there putting a burning coal on your foot/heel be somebody there? depesinden dabanyna çenli from head to foot something odur-budur n something; this or that, solid epeý 1 adj solid, strong, dignified, some things ol bazardan odur-budur zat getirdi impressive epeý adam strong/dignified person he has brought this and that from the market solidarity raýdaşlyk [ra:ýdaşlyk] n solidarity, men sen üçinem odur-budur alyb-a bilerdim I unanimity raýdaşlyk bildirmek to express one's could have bought something for you. solidarity (with somebody) Men demokratlara something_like birhili 4 [birhi:li] adj something raýdaşlyk bildirýärin. I want to express my like Birhili göwnime bolmasa biri gygyran ýaly solidarity with the democrats. boldy. solitude ýalňyzlyk [ýalňy:zlyk] n solitude, something_to_happen başyna düşmek (comp. of loneliness baş) for something to happen to the person solution çözgüt n solution, answer çözgüt tapmak; sometime öňde-soňda adv sooner or later, ergin n solution suwuk ergin weak solution goýy sometime or other öňde-soňda öýlenmeli ergin strong solution (sem. domains: 1.2.3 - bolarsyň sooner or later you will have to get Solid, liquid, gas.) married sometimes aram-aram [a:ram-a:ram] adv naýynjar çaga a pitiful child naýynjar zeýrenç a sometimes, at times; kähalat [käha:lat] cf: poor complaint naýynjar görnüş pitiful/sorry käwagt, kämahal. adv sometimes Biziň sight naýynjar seretmek to look pitiful obamyzda howa üýtgäp durýar, kähalat ýazda-da sort kysym adj sort, kind, type dürli kysymly gar ýagýar. In our village the weather is different kinds (of) Türkmenistana daşary changeable, sometimes it snows even in ýurtlardan dürli kysymly traktorlar geldi. Spring.; kämahal cf: käwagt, kähalat. adv Different types of tractors came into sometimes Kämahal men oňa düşünemok. Turkmenistan from foreign countries. Sometimes I do not understand him.; käte adv soul göwün 1 n heart, soul {emotions} comp. sometimes, at times, from time to time, now göwne almak comp. göwne gelmek comp. and again, now and then Käte ol bu ýere gelýär. göwne jaý bolmak comp. göwün bitgin comp. Sometimes he comes here.; käte2 adj göwün hoşlamak comp. göwün-isleg comp. sometimes..., sometimes;, now.., now; first..., göwün-kine comp. göwününe düwmek ; jan 1 then; Kä ol gelýär, käte men gidýärin. Sometimes [ja:n] n soul, spirit, heart comp. jan etmek he comes, sometimes I go.; wagtal-wagtal adj comp. jana-jan comp. janyňy ýakmak ; ýürek 2 sometimes, at times, now and then, now and n heart, soul çyn ýürekden söýmek to love from again wagtal-wagtal ýagyş ýagýar the bottom of one's heart {emotions} comp. somsa somsa cf: gutap. n somsa [filled bread açyk ýürek comp. ak ýürek comp. arslan ýürek cooked in (clay) oven, rather like a pastie or comp. düň (daş) ýürek comp. ýürege düşmek samosa] comp. ýürege düwmek comp. ýürege jüňk son köreken [kö:reken] n son-in-law Mähri bolmak comp. ýüregi atyň kellesi ýaly comp. gelnejäniň 5 sany körekeni bar aunt Mahri has 5 ýüregi bire baglamak comp. ýüregi ýuka comp. sons-in-law; ogul 1 n son Sen kimiň ogly? ýüregini çişirmek comp. ýüregini ýarmak comp. Whose son are you? ýüregiň agzyňa gelmek comp. ýüregiň song aýdym n song türkmen halk aýdymlary bulanmak comp. ýüregiň gysmak comp. Turkmen folk songs aýdym aýtmak sing a song; ýüregiň müňküldemek comp. ýüregiň ýerine nagma n song ýürek nagmasy a song from the gelmek comp. ýürek awamak comp. ýürek heart bermek comp. ýürek daş baglamak sooner_later iru giç (comp. of ir) sooner or later sound owaz 3 [owa:z] n sound dutaryň owazy the iru-giç sound of a dutar playing; ses 1 n sound ses bermek to vote; ýaňlanmak 2 v to sound Bu soothe ynjaltmak [y:njaltmak] cf: ynjalmak. v mukam gaýgyly ýaňlanýar. This music sounds to calm, quiet, soothe Bibiniň, Gandymyň sad. gürrüňi Artygy birneme ynjaltdy. Bibi and Gandym's talk with Artyk calmed him down soundness gowulyk 1 n (good) quality, somewhat. soundness önümiň gowulygy the quality of a product sorrow gussa n sorrow, grieve, mourn, sadness, melancholy; hesret n sorrow, grief, woe öz soup çorba [ço:rba] n soup; ýal n soup, broth, hesreti bilen to one's sorrow hesret çekmek to slops ite ýal bermek to give a dog something to grieve (for) eat comp. ýal ýagysy sorrowful hesretli adj sorrowful, sad, grievous, sour turşy adj sour mournful; naýynjar 3 [na:ýynja:r] adj source gözbaşy n source, spring Onuň bilimiň sorrowful, moanful, plaintive naýynjar ses gözbaşy nirede? What is the source of his sad/plaintive voice; moan naýynjar adam knowledge? source_of_problem belanyň körügi (bela, dersi, şaýlar, zat. n spare, extra zapas şaýlar körük) the source of the problem spare parts, spares comp. zapas çykalga soured_milk aýran n soured milk - or yoghurt sparing gysganmak v to be sparing (of), scant, mixed with water and salt stint, skimp (in), grudge, be unwilling to do south günorta n south; ileri n south Türkmenler sth. sözüňi gysganmak to be sparing of one's öýüň gapysyny ileri tarapdan goýýarlar. words, be unwilling to speak Turkmens put their door of his house in the spark uçgun n spark Iki daşy biri birine kän south side. sükeseň uçgyn suçraýar. Merdanyň ýokaryk souvenir ýadygär 2 [ýa:dygär] n souvenir zyňan demiri togyň symyna degip uçgyn suçarady. ýadygär bermek to give a souvenir Ýyldyrym çakanda uçgun agaça düşüp, agaç ýanyp başlady. soviet şura [şu:ra] n soviet, political council sparrow gyrgy n sparrow-hawk (sem. domains: sow ekmek v to sow, plant ekin ekmek to sow 1.6 - Animal.); serçe n sparrow comp. Birje crops bugdaý ekmek to sow wheat bolsady çemçe şorja serçe çorbasy ekmek ; sepelemek 2 v to sow (seed) speak geplemek 1 v to speak, talk, address sowing ekiş n sowing ekişe başlamak to begin geplemegi öwrenmek to learn to talk türkmençe sowing geplemek to speak in turkmen iňlisçe geplemek to space boşluk n empty space Bu boşlyk ýere speak in english çalt/haýal/gaty/ýuwaş ysmalak oňat öser. Aç, suwsyz garnymyň geplemek to speak fast/slow/high/low ýygnakda boşlugyndan ýaňa tas özimden gidipdim.; giňişlik geplemek to address a meeting Entek 1 [gi:ňişlik] n space ummasyz giňişlik unlimited geplänokmy? Can't (s)he talk yet?; gürlemek 1 space howa giňişligi air space (sem. domains: 1.1 v to speak, talk dogry gürlemek to speak - Sky.) honestly öwnüp gürlemek to boast; sözlemek v spade pil [pi:l] n spade pil sapy spade handle pil 1 to speak söz sözlemek to say a few words bilen ýer depmek to dig over the ground with a speak_nonsense agzynyň diýenini gulagy spade eşitmezlik (comp. of agyz) to speak nonsense Spanish ispan adj Spanish ispan dili Spanish, the speak_profitably agzyňy haýyr açmak (comp. of Spanish language Biziň Uniwersitetimizde ispan haýyr) to speak profitably dili façulteti açyldy. Spanish language façulty spear naýza n spear, lance was opened in our Uniýersity. (sem. domains: 4.1.2 - Types of people.) special ýörite adj special soňky habarlaryň ýörite goýberlişi a special release of the latest news spare aýamak 1 v to spare, let off Uruşda ýaşlary aýaýarlar. Spare the youths from going to war. specialise ýöriteleşdirmek [ýöri:teleşdirmek] v say. Nanyny aýan aşa ýeter, donuny aýan ; to specialise, make specific ätiýaçlyk 1 cf: rezerw, çykalga, haryt, specialist hünärment n artisan, craftsman; predmet, sapak, dersi, şaýlar, zapas, zat. adj specialist spare, extra; gaýgyrmak v to spare, begrudge, speech çykyş 2 cf: konsert. n speech, statement, withhold janyňy gaýgyrman işlemek to put one's paper, presentation çykyş etmek to give a heart into one's work saglygyňy gaýgyrmak to speech, read a paper, give a presentation; spare a health; şaý 1 n spare part gerekly şaý appear (on behalf of) important spare part kömekçi şaýlarşaý ätiýaç speech_impediment dili agyr (comp. of dil1) adj şaýlar spare parts; zapas 4 [za'pas] cf: rezerw, speech impediment Hassanyň nerw keselinden ätiýaçlyk, çykalga, haryt, predmet, sapak, soň dili agyr. After a nervous breakdown the patient has a speech impediment. meýdany ; meýdana gitmek (comp. of speed badyna 2 [ba:dyna] cf: batmak. n speed, meýdan) sphere, activity, profession; ground, velocity Badyna çapyp barýan aty saklamak kyn. area, field pagta meýdany cotton field meýdanda The speed of a racing horse is difficult to işlemek to work in the field edebiýat meýdany sustain. Öý pişiginiň badyndan, ýabany pişiginiň the world of letters geçirmekda işlemek to work bady çalt. A wild cat is faster than a pet cat.; in the field edebiýat geçirmeky the world of bat 1 [ba:t] n velocity, speed, acceleration letters söweş meýdany bedenterbiýe meýdansy Çapyp barýan atyň badyny saklamak kyn. When sports ground, playing field gurluşyk meýdansy it is racing, a horse's speed is hard to restrain. building site tennis meýdansy tennis court Öý pişigiň badyndan, ýabany pişigiň bady çalt. A spherical togalak adj spherical, round; fat wild cat is faster than a pet cat. Maşyn bat alyp spicy ajy 2 [a:jy] adj spicy, hot {food} comp. ajy başlady. The car began to accelerate. ; tizlik söz [ti:zlik] n speed spider gara möý1 n spider; möý [mö:ý] cf: gara spend harçlamak v to spend, expend, use up, möý2. n spider (sem. domains: 1.6 - Animal.) waste puly biderek harçlamak to waste one's spill dökmek 4 v to spill, secrete, shed Bu bedre money; sarp etmek (comp. of sarp) to spend, suw dökýär. This bucket is spilling. Watan üçin expend, waste, use up wagtyňy biderek sarp gan dökmek to shed blood for motherland Ikinji etmek to waste one's time; sowmak 1 v to jahan uruşda köp adam Watan üçin ganyny spend {money}; ýoklamak 3 [ýo:klamak] v to dökdi. Many people shed blood for the spend, use up {money} motherland in the Second World War. Der spend_time geçirmek 9 v to live, spend time Ol döküp gazananyň halal gazançdyr. Sweating and ömrüni çölde geçirdi. He spent his life in the earning is pure profit. Or, to earn by working

desert/steppe. comp. başdan geçirmek2 comp. hard is honest gain. Gyzymyň pişijegi ýitende biri-birinden geçirmek comp. bokurdakdan gözýaş döküp oturdy. When my daughter lost geçirmek comp. durmuşa geçirmek comp. her cat, she shed many tears. Çelek deşilip, indi geçirýän işlikler comp. gözden geçirmek comp. suw dökýär. The bucket was slit and now it is itden geçirmek spilling water. Ejeme içimi döküp, bar syrymy spending sarp adv spending comp. sarp bolmak aýdyp berdim. I poured out my heart to my comp. sarp etmek mother and told her all my secrets. Üstüne sperm döl 1 n sperm, semen Emeli ýagdaýda gyzgyn çaý döküp aýagyny bişiripdir. He spilled tohumlandyrmak üçin donordan döl alýarlar. In hot tea over himself and burnt his foot. comp. artificial insemination they take sperm from a abraýyňy dökmek donor. spilt dökülmek 1 v to be spilt, be poured, poured dowarlardan döl alynýan wagt the time for out, overflow Bu ýere ýag dökülipdir. The oil taking sperm from the herd Sygyrymyzyň şu was poured into this place. Içeri dökülipdir. The dölini alsak soňra satjak. After taken this sperm contents had been poured out. we will sell our cow. {biology} spin egirmek v to spin (a web/silk etc.); sphere meýdan 2 [meýda:n] n sphere, activity, pyrlamak v to spin, turn tigri pyrlamak to spin

profession edebiýat meýdany the world of letters the wheel; saýmak1 [sa:ýmak] v to spin sen ony comp. bir meýdan comp. bir meýdan (Bir saýyp, keçe etmeli bolarsyň you are going to meýdan dynç alaýyn.) comp. görüş meýdany have to spin it and make it into a felt mat comp. magnit meýdany comp. meýdan spinach ysmanak n spinach düşelgesi comp. meýdana gitmek comp. söweş spindle ik [i:k] n spindle Öňler her hojalykda ik sponsorship howandarlyk 1 [howanda:rlyk] n bolupdyr. In early times there was spindle in sponsorship, patronage, protection, friendship every family. comp. burnundan ik ýaly gan howandarlyk etmek to sponsor getirmek spontaneously öz-özünden [ö:z-ö:zünden] adv spine geriş 1 n spine, backbone atyň gerşi spine of spontaneously, for no apparent reason öz- a horse comp. gerşine münmek özünden gögermek to grow spontaneously öz- spiral hyrly2 adj spiral, curled, curving hyrly çüý özünden düşnükli. It goes without saying. Ol öz- screw özünden gygyryp başlady. He began shouting for no apparent reason. spirit ruh1 1 [ru:h] n soul, spirit; courage milli ruh national spirit Mukaddes ruh Holy Spirit spoon çemçe n spoon çaý çemçesi tea spoon;

halkyň ruhy the people's spirit ruhuňy götermek galam1 n spoon cf çemçe galam bilen iýmek to to encourage comp. ruhdan düşmek eat with a spoon Nahary galam bilen iýmeli. you must eat meal with spoon {dial}; susmak v to spiritual ruhy 1 [ru:hy] adj spiritual ruhy dünýä spoon inner world ruhy baýlyklar cultural wealth ruhy taýdan spiritually sport sport adj sporting, sports spit tüýkürmek v to spit sportsman sportçy [sportçy] cf: türgen. n sportsman, sportswoman, athlete sportsmenler splash serpmek v to splash, sprinkle, spray athletes {water} spot menek n spot; patch; blot; stain gara menek splash_out gätmek 3 v splash_out black spot; tegmil n spot, stain, blotch, blot; splint seýiklemek v to splint döwlen süňki tegmilt n spot, stain, blotch, blot seýiklemek to splint a broken bone spotted menekli adj spotted, dappled menekli split bölekletmek 1 [bö:lekletmek] v to split pul sugun spotted deer böleklet {money}; bölünişik [bö:lünişik] n split, spouse ýassykdaş n spouse; marriage partner dissidence, demarcation, delimitation {colloq} Kärhanamyz batyp, auksiona goýylanda bölünişik başlandy. Pagta zawodynyň bölünişiginden soň spout paglamak v to gush out, pour paglap gitmek köp adam dargap işsiz galdy. to gush out ýaradan gan paglap gitdi blood gushed out from the wound onuň gözlerinden spoil zaýalamak 1 [za:ýalamak] v to spoil {food} ýaş paglady tears gushed from her eyes comp. Öz nerwiňi zaýalama! spray dökünmek v to spray, sprinkle (on spoiled näzik 5 adj spoiled näzik gül näzik ýaprak oneself), splash on atyr dökünmek to spray näzik duýgy tender feelings Garry adamyň näzik oneself with perfume Ol köp atyr dökünýär. She göwüny gynandyrmak we begendyrmek hem wears too much perfume. Bilmezlikde üstüme aňsat. An old person has a sensitive heart that çaý dökündim. I inadvertently splashed myself is easily pleased and easily offended. comp. with tea. Üstüne çorba döküp, ol egin başlaryny tene näzik ; zaýa [za:ýa] adj spoiled, bad, hapalady. He dirtied his clothes by splashing rotten zaýa et tainted meat zaýa bolmak to go himself with soup.; pürkmek v to spray, bad, to become spoiled, to get out of use/order; sprinkle, spatter, splash suw pürkmek to splash (of teeth) to decay, to rot water comp. ajyňy (zäheriňi) pürkmek spoilt lälik adj spoilt, mollycoddled lälik çaga spread dagatmak 1 [da:gatmak] v to spread, spoilt child; ýoldan çykan 1 (comp. of ýol) scatter, disperse, distribute ekin ekiljek ýere spoilt döküni dagatmak to spread fertilizer on cultivated ground; düşelmek 1 v to be spread, spring ýaz ekişi spring sowing ýaz sürümi spring be covered, be paved gyzyl haly düşelen içeri ploughing [later Spring cf. bahar]; ýazlyk home with a red carpet Remont edilen otaga [ýa:zlyk] adj spring ýazlyk bugdaý spring wheat entek düşek düşelmändir. The renovated room sprinkle atmak 3 v to sprinkle; sepmek 1 v to still has no carpet. Myhmanlara ýatmak üçin sprinkle düşek düşeldi. The bedding was laid for the sprout maýsa n new growth, sprout {grains, guests. Içeriň köne düşekleri aýrylyp täze düşek grasses} düşelipdir. Old rugs at home have been replaced spun egrilmek v to be spun (e.g. wool) with new ones.; düşemek 1 v to spread, lay spy içaly [iça:ly] n spy Dostum ol oba içaly bolup out, pave düşek düşemek to make the bed Täze gitdi. My friend went to that village as spy.; jaýa täze düşek düşediler. The new house was jansyz 3 [ja:nsyz] n a spy Biziň ýurdumyzda spread with new rugs. Ýatmak üçin düşegimi jansyzlar köp diýýärler. They say there are many düşedim. I prepared my bed for sleep. Jaýyň spies in our country. diwaryny gyrmak ýçin ilki pola gazet düşedik. We covered the floor with newspapers before sqeeze gysmak 1 v to sqeeze, compress, press, clench dişiňi gys to clench one's teeth scraping the walls of the room. ; örmek1 2 [ö:rmek] v to spread (rash, spots) Gyzamyk ýumrugyňy gysmak to clench one's fist elini çykan çaganyň ýanynda dutar çalsaň, gyzamygy gysmak to shake someone by hand egnini örýär. If you play the dutar next to a child who gysmak to shrug one's shoulders Ol jogap has measles, the measles will spread. comp. bir bermegiň ýerine egnini gysdy. He shrugged off the öýden örmek ; ýaýbaňlanmak cf: question. comp. içiň gysmak comp. ýürek ýaýbaňlandyrmak. v to spread, swing gysmak about/around, be in full swing, develop; square dörtburçluk [dö:rtburçluk] n square,

ýaýmak2 1 v to spread ganat ýaýmak to spread quadrangle göni burçly dörtburçluk rectangular one's wings; ýaýramak 1 cf: ýaýratmak. v to {mathematics}; inedördül 1 [i:nedö:rdül] cf: spread Ýaňy dogan Günüň şöhlesi dünýä kwadrat. n a square; inedördül 2 [i:nedö:rdül] ýaýrady. The rays of the rising sun spread cf: kwadrat. adj square inedördül otag a square throughout the earth. Narpyzyň ysy ýaýraýar. room; kwadrat [kwa'drat] cf: inedördül. n Mint spreads its aroma. dymly-duşa ýaýramak to square kwadrat kök square root kwadrat metr

spread abroad; ýazmak2 1 v to spread, lay square metre kwadrat deňleme quadratic saçak ýazmak to lay the table comp. aýagyňy equation {mathematics} ýazmak comp. öýkesini ýazmak comp. ýere squash ezilmek 2 v to be squashed, crushed,

ýazmak ; ýazylgy1 adj spread, laid ýazylgy crumpled, mashed ezilen pomidor squashed saçak table that has been laid tomato spread_out ýaýraň adj spread out, diffused squat çommalmak v to squat (down), sit on one's {grammar} comp. ýaýraň ýönekeý sözlem haunches Ol oduň başynda çommalyp oturdy. He spring bahar 1 cf: ýazdyrmak1, ýazmak3. adj squatted down at the fireside. [Often refers to spring Bahar paslynda baglar gülleýär. In Spring using a squat toilet(!).] the trees come into bloom. Bahar baýramy squeeze düwmek 2 v to squeeze, close comp. Spring festival [early Spring]; çeşme 1 n Men ýüregime düwdüm. spring, stream, river source dag çeşmesi mineral squeezed gysylmak 1 cf: darykmak. v to be çeşmeler; nowbahar 1 [no:wbahar] adj spring squeezed, be pressed, be compressed, be nowbahar gülleri; ýaz [ýa:z] n spring ýazda in clenched squint gytak [gy:tak] n squint, a sidelong glance möhürçe n stamp [usually square in shape, and gözüň gytagyny aýlamak to have a squint, look gives information about the firm, registration

sideways number, etc.]; peçat2 1 [pe'çat] cf: möhür. n squirm urunmak 1 v to squirm, wriggle, tremble, stamp peçat basmak to put a stamp (on) {ink}; quiver; to writhe Näsag agyra çydaman tagma 2 n stamp urunýardy. Ýaralanan keýijek iki ýana stand dur 1 [du:r] [du:r] (comp. of durmak) urunýardy. Biz balygyň kenarda urunyp ýatanyny aux. v stand Ol garaşyp dur. He's waiting. Gelip görüp derýa goýberdik. dur! Come again! Bir garyp aglap duranda, stab sançmak 1 cf: sanjamak. v to stab, prick, Ýanynda gülüji bolma. When a poor person is pierce iňňe bilen sançmak to prick with a needle crying, don't stand next to them laughing. {(following gerund) marks the continuous stage etap [e'tap] n stage okuwyň başlangyç mood}; durmak 2 cf: turmak. v to be etapynda when you start studying täze etap new (located), to stand Tereziniň bir taýynda metjit, stage Turkmenistan özbaşdak ösüş etapyna düşdi. bir taýynda bolsa aýranly okara duranmyş. A Turkmenistan started an independent new mosque was on one side of the scales, and on stage. Ýaryşyň birinji etapynda biz öňde bolduk. the other side a bowl of Ayran. comp. dur ; We were further into the first stage of the durmak 5 cf: turmak. v to be in the position competition. tussaglaryň etapy stage of prisoners of, stand Ol barýan birden durdy. The vizier of Tussaglaryň her etapynda on tussag gelýär. In justice, who is given the title "Emiridad", is at each stage ten prisoners come.; sahna 1 n the head of the organisation.? it is wrong, it stage; show aýlanýan sahna revolving stage should be: He who is going stopped suddenly. teatr sahnasy stage sahnada goýmak to put on Stoluň üstünde kitap durdy. There was a book on the stage, to produce, to put on a show the table häkimiýet başynda durmak to be on the stain ganatmak 2 [ga:natmak] v to stain with head of the government bir partiýada durmak To blood eliňi ganatmak to bleed your hand; be in one party Batly barýan maşyn sakga durdy. garalamak 2 v to stain, dirty, soil köýnegiňi The fast going car suddenly stopped. Penjiräň garalamak to stain one's shirt {colloq} öňünde otag gülleri durdy. There was room stairs merdiwan [merdiwa:n] n stairs, staircase flowers before the window. Uly maşgalaň merdiwan bilen münmek to go upstairs merdiwan başynda durmak üçin akylly hem paýhasly bilen düşmek to go downstairs bolmaly. To be head of the big family should be stall larýok n stall gök önüm larýogy vegetable wise and clever. Mekdep direktory kiçi döwletiň stall başynda jogapkär bolup durýar. The director of stall_holder satyjy n stall-holder, shop assistant, the school is responsible for small state. salesperson, shop-keeper, vendor Duralgadaky oglan maňa seredip dur. The boy on stallion bedew 2 n stallion [i.e. a male horse] the bus-stop is looking at me. Ot henizem ýanyp dur. The fire is still fireing. Kakam maşyny otlap stamp dag2 [da:g] n stamp, brand dag basmak to brand ýürekde dag galmak to be affected; lenç dur. My father is starting his car. Aýşat gapyň adv stamp ol hat lenç edilipdi that letter had aňyrsynda gizlenip durýar. Ayshat is hideing been stamped comp. lenç etmek ; marka behind the door. Häkimiýet başynda durmak ['marka] n stamp poçta markasy postage stamp isleýänler köp, ýöne başarýanlar az. There are markaly bolmak to have a stamp (on it); möhür many people want to be under the government, but nat many people can do it. {job} comp. 1 cf: peçat2. n stamp, seal möhür basmak to put a stamp (on), seal up dokumente möhür basmak; dur ; galmak2 1 [galmak] v to stand, get up, sit up Ol ýerinden galdy. He stood up. aýak üstüne galmak to recover comp. Meniň gulagym başynda sitting at the table(cloth) comp. baş galdy. ; turmak 1 cf: durmak. v to stand up, asmana ýetmek comp. baş bermezlik comp. baş rise Ýaşuly ýerinden turdy. The older man got up çykarmak comp. baş egmek comp. baş from his place. Turuň! Stand up! comp. galdyrmak comp. baş götermek comp. baş göwünden turmak öwretmek comp. baş üstüne comp. baş- stand_up dikmek 1 v stick in, drive in, sink in başdaklyk id. Başa barmaz! comp. başa bela

gazyk dikmek to stick in a tent peg gelmek comp. başdan geçirmek2 comp. başdan

sowmak comp. başdan-aýak2 comp. başy çaşmak comp. başy çatylmak comp. başyna standard standart [stan'dart] cf: görnüş, forma, düşmek comp. başyna goýbermek comp. galyp, ülňi. n standard; ülňi 2 cf: görnüş, başyna ýetmek comp. Başyňa döneýin! comp. forma, galyp, standart. n standard Onuň başyňdan gum sowurmak comp. başyňy etegiňe görkezmesi biziň üçin ülňi däl. köne ülňi salmak comp. başyňy ýassyga ýetirmek ; standard_of_living durmuş derejesi n standard başlamak v to start Toýa başlamak üçin of living Kömür gazýanlaryň durmuşyny molladan sähet soramaga barýarlar. In order to söwdagärleriň durmuş derejesi bilen deňeşdirmek start the wedding they go to the Mullah to ask mümkin däl. The standard of living of coal if it is a good (lucky) day.; başlanmak v to miners and merchants is impossible. Jeňňeldäki start, begin Çeper film agşam sagat sekizde ýaşaýan adamlaryň durmuş derejesi pes. The başlanýar. The film starts at 8pm.; başy n standard of living of forest dwellers is low. beginning, start başynda at, during, while stoluň standardise kadalaşdyrmak [ka:dalaşdyrmak] v başynda at the table Agşam çaý başynda, günüň standardise, normalise Bazarda harytlaryň dowamynda bolup geçen zatlaryň gürrüňini bahasy kadalaşdyrylýar. The price of goods are edýäris. In the evening over tea, we tell what standardised in the market-place. happened during the day. Dawanyň başy, agyr stand-in daýanç 3 n stand-in sözden başlaýar. Disagreements begin with hard standing dur 2 [du:r] [du:r] (comp. of durmak) words.; durmuşa putýowka (comp. of aux. v standing Ol aýak üstünde dur. He is on putýowka) n a start in life; tisginmek 1 v to his feet. Men dura dura ýadadym! I'm tired of start, jump with surprise, give a start; turmak standing! {as predicate} 4 cf: durmak. v to start, arise, get up Ýel turdy. star ýyldyz n star Zöhre ýyldyzy Venus kino A wind has got up. comp. göwünden turmak ; ýyldyzy filmstar ýapyşmak 3 cf: ýapmak. v to undertake, start, stare agza garamak (comp. of agyz) to stare take up, set about işe yhlasly ýapyşmak to set Edara diňe başlygyň agzyna garaýar. The office about work wholeheartedly staff only listen to the boss. Ol serhoş bolup, startle aljyratmak 2 v to startle Meni it aljyratdy. agza gelenini otardy. He got drunk and started The dog startled me. saying the first thing that came into his head.; state döwlet n state, government Türkmenistan alartmak [a:lartmak] v to stare, look at döwleti The state of Turkmenistan. Döwlet someone with evil intent gözüňi alartmak to serhetlerini biz berk goramaly. We must protect stare at someone; çiňerilmek v to look intently, the state border. Halk agzybir bolsa döwlet berk stare (at) bolýar. If the people are peaceful, the state will start baş 2 cf: boýun, egmek. n beginning, start be stable. Uly döwlet gurmak üçin akylly oýnuň başy the start of the game gürrüňiň başy baştutan gerek. To build a big nation, a wise the beginning of the conversation saçagyň leader is needed. döwlet howpsuzlygy State security; halat1 2 [ha:lat] n state, condition, steep uçut 1 adj steep, abrupt Ýabany geçiň aýagy situation, case Ol nähili halatda? How is he? typyp uçut dagdan ýykyldy. Bu gaýa uçut statement arza n statement, declaration, bolanlygy sebäpli giňe ökde alpinistler dyrmyşyp application arza bermek to hand in a written bilýarler. Dagyň etegindäki ýol uçut bolanlygy application sebapli biz awtobusdan düşüp ýoräp gitdik. station stansiýa cf: wokzal, menzil. station; stem baldak n stem, stalk, shoot Bägülim wokzal [wok'zal] cf: menzil, stansiýa. n baldagyndaky tikeni elime çümdi. My hand was station demir ýol wokzaly railway station deňiz pricked by the thorns on the rose stem. (sem. wokzaly port arrival and departure building domains: 1.5 - Plant.) statue heýkel1 n statue, sculpture, representation, step ädim 1 n step, stride bir ädim a step ädim likeness mermerden edilen heýkel marble statue ätmek to take a step; gadam goýmak (comp. of goýmak) to step, take a step Täze asyra gadam status ýagdaý 2 n status, standing maşgala goýmak. To take a step into the new century.; ýagdaýy family status sosial ýagdaý social status gadam n step gadam urmak to march Esgerler stay_behind galybermek [ga:lybermek] v to stay deň gadam urýarlar. Soldiers march in line. behind barha yza galybermek stay behind time step- öweý adj step- öweý kaka stepfather öweý by time eje stepmother öweý gyz stepdaughter öweý ogul steady mizemez 1 [mi:zemez] adj steady, stepson öweý çaga stepchild unchangeable, firm, inviolable, indissoluble steppe sähra [sähra:] n steppe, prairie mizemez dostluk stable friendship steps basgançak n stairs, steps, a ladder Kiçi steal el gatmak (comp. of el) to steal, to take çagaň bir özini basgançaga göýbermeli däl. Small away Kişiň zadyna el gatma. Do not steal children should not be allowed up the stairs. someone else's things. Ogurlyga sen el gatmadyk Basgançaga haly ýazdym. I spread the carpet out bolsaň, seniň adyňy tutan bolmaz. If you did not on the stairs. intend to steal, no one will ridicule you.; ogurlamak 1 v to steal kimdir birinden bir zat stick çöp n splinter, small stick otly çöp match ogurlamak to steal something from somebody gury çöp gök çöp çöp döwlen ýaly etmek çöpe

çaga ogurlamak to kidnap ... aýalyň iki palasyny dönmek; hasa2 [hasa:] n staff, stick; taýak 1 n ogurlany üçin tussag edildi. ... he was arrested for stick; ýelmemek 1 v to stick, glue Ýelli haty having stolen the women's two palas carpets. elinde saklap, bukjany öňküsi ýaly ýelmejek boldy. Holding the letter in his hand as it blew steam bug [bu:g] n steam Gyşda gaty sowuk bolsa about, he tried to stick down the envelope as agzyňdan bug çykýar. Palow bişensoň buguna he had previously.; ýokmak 1 v to stick (to, goýsaň örän tagamly bolýar. Biz hammamyň on) onuň balagyna hapa ýokupdyr the dirt stuck bugly jaýyna girdik. to his trousers, his trousers are dirty comp. It steamer parohod [para'hod] cf: gämi. n steamer gargyşy gurda ýokmaz ýolagçylar parohody passenger ship, liner still heniz 1 [heni:z] adv still, yet Heniz jaň parohod gatnawy steamer service parohod bilen kakylmandygyna garamazdan, mugallym gitmek to go by ship auditoriýa girdi. The teacher entered the steel polat n steel polat-beton aggregate classroom, though the bell still hadn't rung. Ol granolithic concrete polat guýujy steel founder heniz gelenokmy? Hasn't he come yet? heniza polat erediji steel founder/maker polat pyçak çenli still today; ümsüm 2 adj still, quiet steel knife poslmaýan polat stainless steel; polot ümsüm gije still night ümsüm oturmak to sit still 1 cf: demir. n steel ümsüm oba ümsüm bolmak ümsüm oturmak Ol ümsüm gezjek adam däl. Duşan ümsüm oturmaz.; stocks gandal n stocks; shackles, fetters, irons el welin 3 [weli:n] conjunction still 7 ýaşapdyryn gandaly handcuffs, manacles gandal dakmak to welin Aşgabadyň 29-njy mekdebine eltipdirler handcuff, manacle eline gandal dakmak to "şuny bir adam ediň" diýip. Still, I was 7, so they handcuff gandala salmak to put in irons sent me to Ashgabat school no. 29, saying, aýagyna gandal salmak to put in manacles 'Turn him into a man.' stomach aşgazan 1 [aşga:zan] n stomach; garyn stimulus dörediji 2 n stimulus kesel dörediji n belly, stomach Meniň garnymda sanjy bar. I mikroblar stimulus mirobes of sickness have pain in my stomach garyn boşlugy stomach {medical} Meniň garnym dok. I am full garyn salmak to sting çakmak1 1 v to sting, (snake) bite Meni ary become fat garyn çekmek tight belly içine et çakdy. A wasp stung me.; iňňe 2 n sting arynyň salnan garyn (animal) stomach filled with meat iňňesi sting of a bee comp. iňňe bilen guýy say. Garny doka, bela ýok comp. garyn gazan ýaly comp. iňňeden çykma comp. iňňäň otarmak ; iç 1 n abdomen, stomach içi geçmek üstünde oturan ýaly bolmak ; ötmek 4 cf: to have diarrhoea {anatomy} comp. daşy jäjek ötüşmek. v to sting, to smart comp. dünýäden içi möjek comp. Içimde it uwlaýar. comp. içine-

ötmek ; ýakmak2 4 v to sting, burn Bu arak daşyna geçmek comp. içiň gysmak comp. bogazyňy ýakýar. This vodka burns your throat. içiňden geplemek comp. içiňden okamak comp. comp. içini ýakmak comp. janyňy ýakmak içiňi tutup galmak

comp. mallary suwa ýakmak stone daş1 n stone, rock; şänik n stone (of fruit), stinginess husytlyk [husy:tlyk] n stinginess, seed

miserliness, niggardliness husytlyk etmek to stop aýak çekmek 1 (comp. of aýak, çekmek1) stint, grudge, skimp, to be sparing (of) to stop, wait; bes etmek (comp. of bes) to stop stink yslanmak [y:slanmak] v to go off, to go Gün ýaşanda işimizi bes etdik. When the sun bad, decompose, rot balyk yslanyp başlapdyr the went down we stopped work.; durmak 1 cf: fish has started to stink/smell yslanan et off turmak. v to stop Dur! Stop! comp. dur ; meat duruzmak 1 v to stop, make someone stop, pull up awtobusy duruzmak to stop the bus stinking porsy adj stinking porsy ot fetid herb stanogy duruzmak to stop the lathe işi duruzmak stir garjamak [ga:rjamak] cf: garmak. v to stir; to stop a work Görkezip duran wideo garyşdyrmak [ga:ryşdyrmak] v to stir, have magnitofony pauzasyna basyp duruzdum. I something mixed; silkmek 1 v to stir stopped the video tape recorder by pressing stir_up turuzmak 2 v to stir up Ýigrenç uruşlar pause. Merkeze gitmek üçin taksini duruzdym. I turuzýandyr. Hatred stirs up strife. hailed a taxi to go to the centre. Edip oturan stirrup üzeňňi n stirrup işimizi duruzyp, arakesme etdik. We stopped stock zapas 1 [za'pas] cf: rezerw, ätiýaçlyk, work and took a break. comp. hatara çykalga, haryt, predmet, sapak, dersi, duruzmak ; düşelge 3 n (bus) stop Düşelgede şaýlar, zat. n stock zapasda bolmak to be in adam bolman awtobus durman geçip gitdi. There stock haryt zapasy stock {goods} comp. zapas weren't any people at the bus stop, so the bus çykalga went past. Men indiki düşelgede düşüp galaryn. I stock_raising maldarçylyk [ma:lda:rçylyk] n will get off at the next stop.; düşlemek v to stock-raising, animal husbandry, cattle- stop, halt, camp Kerwen uzyn gün ýöräp, breeding, cattle-raising maldarçylyk bilen agşamara düşledi./sözlükden/ Ther caravan meşgullanmak to be busy with cattle-breeding travelled all day and stopped in the evening.; dynmak 2 [dy:nmak] v to stop, cease Ýel kyssa aýtmak to narrate, to relate comp. dyndy. The wind stopped. Ýagyş dynandan soň durmuşyň kyssasy ; powest n narrative tale, asmanda älemgoşar göründi. The rainbow story powest ýazmak to write a story {lit} appeared in the sky after the rain stopped. story_teller ertekiçi n story-teller Uzak gijesi bilen bolan ýel daňa golaý dyndy. The stout saldamly 3 adj stout, corpulent, impressive wind stopped after blowing all night. Enäň saldamly figura stout/corpulent figure saldamly agysy dynmady. The mother stopped crying.; el ädim ätmek to take a wide step {fig} üzmek 1 (comp. of el, üzmek) to give stoutness ýogynlyk 2 [ýogy:nlyk] n stoutness, something a break, stop doing smth plumpness {humans} Tikinçilikden başga işe geçenimden soň elimi stove peç n oven, stove elektrik peçi electric stove tikinden üzdüm. I stopped to do sewing after I maşynyň peçi heater demir peç iron stove domna got another job.; kesilmek 4 v to stop, end, peçi furnace finish suw kesildi the water stopped to run comp. işdäň kesilmek ; kesmek 4 v to stop straight düz 1 adj straight, direct düz ýol a suwy kes! stop the water to run! ol bize gelmesini straight road; göni 1 adj straight, direct Göni kesdi he stopped coming to see us kes sesiňi! gidiber. Keep going straight on. gös-göni (as) shut up! comp. ýol kesmek ; saklamak 4 v to straight as a die stop maşyny saklamak to stop the car; straighten dikeltmek 1 v to stand something up, saklanmak 2 v to stop, pull up duralgada straighten something, make erect ýykylan saklanmak to stop at the halt; togtamak v to be üzümleri dikeltmek to stand up vines that have stopped; togtatmak v to stop; ýolmak 4 v to fallen over; dogrulamak 1 v to straighten, stop, break off diplomatik aragatnaşygy ýolmak make straight simi dogrulamak to straighten the to break off diplomatic relations comp. saç wire; düzetmek 4 v to straighten, set right ýolmak Gyýşaran çüýi çekiçläp düzetdim. I straightened store basmak 4 v to store Güýz aýlary maldarlar the bent nail with a hammer. Gyýşyk ýazylan ot basyp, gyşa taýynlyk görýärler. In the Autumn halyny düzetdim. I straightened the crooked farmers store grass and keep it for the winter. carpet.; gönelmek v to straighten, stand erect, say. Ody öziňe bas-ötmese kesekä comp. draw oneself up; göneltmek v to straighten, ýüzüne basmak unbend biliňi göneltmek to straighten one's back taýagy göneltmek to unbend the stick storey gat 1 n storey, floor, level žurnalyň gatyny açmak to open the page of magazine straightness gönülik 1 n straightness çyzygyň gönüligi the straightness of a line; how straight storm gaý n storm Deňizde güýçli gaý turdy. Big a line is storm happened in the sea. garly gaý snow storm say. Garry oýnasa gaý turar ; harasat 1 strange birhili 5 [birhi:li] adj strange, unusual [harasa:t] n hurricane, storm, squall, gale {fig} Lukman ýüzime birhili ýylgyryp seretdi. Bu çeper filmi birhili düşniksiz gördim.; del 1 adj strange, storming jeýhun [je:ýhun] adj storming, raging foreign del adam stranger, outsider; täsin jeýhun derýa raging torrent [täsi:n] adj strange, astonishing, surprising stormy joşgunly 1 [jo:şgunly] adj stormy, comp. täsin galmak violent, raging, wild, rough (eg the sea) strangeness täsinlik strangeness joşgunly deňiz wild sea stranger gelmişek n stranger, outsider, foreigner story hekaýa [heka:ýa] n story hekaýalar {colloq}; musapyr 2 [musa:pyr] adj stranger, ýygyndysy collection of stories gyzykly hekaýa outsider Ol bu ýurtda musapyr bolup ýaşaýar.; interesting story; kyssa 2 n story, narration ýat1 1 [ýa:t] n stranger, outsider Çaýhanada ýat strong, to gain strength, to become powerful adam hem bardy. There were strangers in the Sen ýarawsyz bolsaň-da, bir zatlar iýip café as well. kuwwatlanmaly. I should eat something and try straw saman [sa:man] n straw, hay saman küme to gain strength even if you're sick.; hayloft, haystack, hayrick, haycock comp. mäkämlemek v to strengthen, consolidate, saman astyndan suw goýbermek make firm/strong; möwç almak (urmak) (comp. of möwç) to strengthen, become strawberry ýer tudana (comp. of tudana, ýer) stronger or heavier; to rage, storm, be violent strawberry Bir gözel bazargüni ýer tudana Harasat gitdigiçe möwç alýardy. The storm was ýygnamaga gitdik. On a beautiful Sunday we becoming stronger and stronger. möwç urmak went to collect strawberries. Deňiz barha möwç urýar.; möwç n strengthen streak çyrşamak 1 v to streak, soil, dirty üstüňe comp. möwç almak (urmak) ; möwjemek v to çyrşamak to make oneself dirty eliňi çyrşamak to strengthen, become stronger or heavier; to soil one's hands {colloq} rage, storm, be violent deňiz möwjeýär the stream akar n stream, brook; pasyrdamak 2 v to storm is raging Tolkunlar möwjeýär.; stream, fly, flutter baýdaklar pasyrdaýar pugtalandyrmak cf: pugtalanmak. v to banners stream/flap pasyrdaýan baýdaklar strengthen, make strong parahatçylygy streaming banners pugtalandyrmak to consolidate the peace street köçe n street, road Atabaew köçesi Atabaev stress basym2 n stress, accent basymly bogun street Biz Nyýazow köçesinde ýaşaýarys. We live stressed syllable Belli sözleri basymly we on Nyyazov street. basymsyz bogyna bölmek. Well known words can strength güýç 1 n strength, power güýç toplamak be divided into those with stress and those to gain strength Onuň güýji ýetenok. He's not without stress. {linguistics} strong enough. (sem. domains: 2.4.1 - Strong.); stretch germek 1 v to stretch comp. kökenek kuwwat 1 [kuwwa:t] n strength, energy germek kuwwatdan galmak to lose one's strength (sem. strict berk 1 adj strict Okuwçysyny berk tutýan domains: 2.4.1 - Strong.) {animate}; mydar 1 mugallym bardy. The teacher was strict with the [myda:r] n strength, force onuň ýöremäge pupils. mydary galmady he was unable to walk comp. strictness berklik 2 n strictness Täze goýulan bar mydarym comp. mydar etmek ; saglyk 1 n ýolbaşçymyzyň berkligi, meni haýran galdyrdy. I strength comp. saglyk sygyr ; ysgyn n strength was surprised at the strictness of our newly ysgyn dan gaçmak to lose strength, to grow appointed leader. edilýän talabyň berkligi the weak strictness of the demand strengthen berkitmek 1 v to strengthen, improve strike aksiýa 2 ['aksiýa] n a strike Zawod işgärleri özara gatnaşygy berkit to strengthen the bir günlük aksiýa geçirdiler. The factory workers relations between us Sowuk suw saglygy went on strike for a day.; urmak 4 v to strike, berkidýär. Cold water improves your health.; to hit Nebit gaz burow ekspedisiýasy burow beterlemek 1 v to get stronger, strengthen geçiren ýerinden nebit urdy. Merdan awda bir Çölde ýel gitdigiçe beterleýärdi. In the desert the atanda iki ördegi urup aldy. Sagadyň on iki gezek wind got stronger and stronger.; urmagy bilen Täze Ýylyň birinji güni başlanýar. güýçlendirmek 2 v to make stronger, comp. agyz urmak (dişlemek) comp. azm strengthen; güýçlenmek v to strengthen, gain urmak comp. hars urmak comp. Hudaý ursun! in strength, gain in power; kuwwatlanmak (şert etmek) comp. kök urmak comp. [kuwwa:tlanmak] v strengthen, to become nyşanadan urdy comp. özüňi oda urmak (özüňi run quickly Yagyş dogrudan hem zor ýagýardy. It kyn ýagdaýa salmak) comp. reňk urmak comp. used to really pour down with rain. comp. zor sowuk urmak comp. urup açmak comp. urup etmek aglamak (özüň ýamanlyk edip,ýene özüňi ejiz strong-armed eli agyr (comp. of el) to have a görkezmek) comp. ýama urmak (ýamamak) strong right arm Batyr pälwanyň eli agyr, string kiriş n string (of musical instrument) garşydaşyny bir uranda ýatyrýar. The right arm dutaryň kirşi string of a dutar kirşi çekmek to of the boxer Batyr is strong - he floored his string kirşi gowşatmak to loosen the string bagşy opponent with one blow. dutaryň kirşini gowşatdy bagshy/ musician strongly batly 1 [ba:tly] adv strongly, intensely, loosened the string of dutar/instrument; ýüp 2 powerfully Batly şemal miweli baglaryň güllerini n string, cord haly ýüp carpet thread (from gaçyrdy. The strong wind brought down the wool) {thin but strong} comp. Onuň ýüpüniň blossom in the orchard. üstüne odun goýar ýaly däl. comp. ýüpsüz structure bina 2 [bina:] n structure binany daňmak berkden tutmak to build a building very well; stripe zol cf: zol-zol1. stripe; zolak 1 [zo:lak] cf: desga [desga:] n installation, construction,

zolzol1. n stripe zolak çyzykly in stripes; zolzol1 structure, building; gurluş n structure, system, [zo:l] cf: zolak. stripe composition, construction jemgýetçilik-ykdysady striped zol-zol2 [zo:l-zo:l] striped zol-zol mata gurluş social and economic structure maddanyň striped fabric/cloth; zolaklyzolakly [zo:lakly] gurluşy composition of a substance jaýyň adj striped, stripy, in stripes ak-gök zolakly gurluşy construction of a house turkmen diliniň mata material in blue and white stripes grammatik gurluşy the grammatical structure of stroke sypalamak [sy:palamak] v to stroke, feel, the Turkmen language {grammar} caress struggle ýaryş 1 [ýa:ryş] n struggle strong ajy 3 [a:jy] adj strong, stewed ajy çaý student okuwçy 1 n student; talyp [ta:ly:p] n strong tea {tea} comp. ajy söz ; berk 2 adj student comp. talyp haky strong, durable, hard berk matadan tikilen eşik studies okuw 1 n studies okuwy gutarmak to Clothing made from strong material berk mata complete one's studies okuw kitaby textbook durable stuff, hard-wearing fabric Sowukda okuw ýyly academic year okuwa girmek a) to aýnalary berk ýapmaly. In the cold windows start school b) to start university okuw bölümi have to be shut hard. berk ynam strong faith; office of the head of studies okuw wagty school daýaw adj strong, strapping, hunky, burly hours {education} daýaw adam strong man; erbet 2 adj strong, studio atelýe 1 [atel'ýe] n studio surat atelýesi loud Ol gorkudan erbet ses etdi. He was photo studio; ussahana 4 [ussaha:na] n (art) frightened and made a loud noise.; gurply 1 studio Çeperçilik ussahana tälim almak üçin ýaş adj strong, powerful gurply gollar strong hands; talyplar gelip surat çekmäne öwrendiler. art güýçli 1 adj strong, good, talented Ol studio; sculpture's studio Täze heýkellerini matematikadan güýçli He is good at görkezmek üçin Çeper joralaryny öz ussahanasyna mathematics. güýçli at strong horse; kuwwatly çagyrdy. 1 [kuwwa:tly] adj strong, powerful, mighty, study bilim almak (bilim) to study, gain vigorous kuwwatly eller strong hands; rüstem instruction; kabinet 1 cf: otag1. n office, study, adj strong, invincible; ýiti 7 adj strong, pungent consulting-room, surgery direktoryň kabineti ýiti ys pungent smell comp. ýiti zehinli comp. principal's office; okamak 2 cf: okatmak, ýiti-ýiti ; zor 2 [zo:r] n strong zor ylgamak to okatdyrmak. v to study; to read; to study; to sub_machine-gun awtomat 1 [awto'mat] n sub recite, say; to give mekdepde okamak to attend machine-gun, automatic rifle awtomatdan ot school uniýersitetde okamak to study at the açmak to open fire University sesli okamak to read aloud Gazet subdue egdirmek v subdue comp. boýun okap bilýär. He knows how to read a egdirmek newspaper, doga okamak to say a prayer, pray subject ders1 n subject (for study etc.), lesson, leksiýa okamak to lecture, give/deliver a lecture topic derslerine gowy ýetişýän okuwçy the pupil Her molla öz bilenini okar. Each mullah prays who studies well in his subjects; ders2 n from his own knowledge. alkyş okamak to give subject, topic; duçar etmek v to subject, inflict, thanks for (sem. domains: 3.5.4.2 - Saying, confront; eýe 3 n subject (of phrase or proverb.); ylym 2 n study sentence) Sözlemiň baş agzasy – eýe we habar. stuff dykmak 1 v to stuff, fill, cram pullary jübiňe The main parts of a sentence are the subject dykmak to stuff money into a pocket. Köne and the predicate. {grammar} comp. eýe gerekmejek goşlarymyzy küme jaýa dykdyk. We bolmak ; mowzuk cf: tema. n subject, topic,

stuffed our old things in the barn. Gyzym bar theme, issue; sapak2 2 n subject ol hemme oýunjaklaryny uly korobka dykypdyr. My sapaklardan bäşlik aldy he got an excellent for daughter stuffed all the toys into the big box. all subjects; tema cf: mowzuk. n subject, topic, Bir tegelek nany iki epläp goltugyna dykyp alyp theme, issue gitdi. I wrapped one round loaf and he left subjugate boýun egdirmek (comp. of egdirmek) stuffing it into under his arm. Gapjygymy nirä to subjugate, subdue dykdyň? Where have you stuffed my wallet? submit boýun egmek 1 (comp. of boýun, stuffy dymmak adj stuffy, close, humid Howa egmek) to submit Ulumsy adamlar aňsat dymýar. the weather is humid. boýnyny egmeýarler. Proud people do not find it stumble büdremek v to stumble (over), get stuck easy to submit. (on) Awtobusa ýetişjek bolyp ylgamda, daşa subordinate tabyn [ta:by:n] adj subordinate, büdräp dyzyma ýykyldym. Garaňkyda bir zada under (the command of) tabyn etmek to büdräp tas ýykylypdym. Basmançakda büdräp, subjugate, subdue tabyn bolmak to put oneself ýykylmajak bolyp germeçden ýapyşdym. Bu iş under meni büdretdi. Saz çalanda, onuň eli büdreýär. subordination tabynlyk n subordination, the fact stump töňňe n stump {tree} of being subordinate (to) stupid agzyboş 2 adj stupid; akmak2 adj stupid, subscribe ýazylmak2 2 v to subscribe gazete foolish; akyly kelte (comp. of akyl) lacking ýazylmak to subscribe to a newspaper intellect, not very smart; bolgusyz adj stupid, subside pessaýlamak 2 [pessa:ýlamak] v to calm useless, good-for-nothing, pointless Bolgysyz down, subside, drop ýel pessaýlaýar the wind is adamyň edýan hereketi düşnüksiz. Bolgusyz dropping gürrüňi bes et! Bolgusyz ýaňrap kellämi biderek substance jisim 1 n substance, matter gaty jisim a gürrüňler bilen agyrtma.; kemakyl adj stupid, solid ýumşak jisim liquid; madda n substance; thick, lacking in common-sense kemakyl çaga 2 matter partlaýjy madda explosive zäherleýji stupid child madda poison-gas iýmitlendiriji madda nutrient stupidity akmaklyk n stupidity substantiate esaslandyrmak 1 [esa:slandyrmak] stutter sakawlamak v to stutter, stammer v to substantiate, give proof (of) öz pikiriňi esaslandyrmak to give reasons for one's thinking substitute zapas 6 [za'pas] cf: rezerw, suffer çydamak 1 n to suffer, endure agyra ätiýaçlyk, çykalga, haryt, predmet, sapak, çydamak to suffer pain; ejir çekmek (comp. of

dersi, şaýlar, zat. n substitute zapas oýunçy çekmek1) to suffer; gan ýuwutmak (comp. of substitute, reserve {sports} comp. zapas gan, ýuwutmak) to suffer; to torment, feel çykalga unhappy; horlanmak 2 [ho:rlanmak] v suffer, subtract aýyrmak 4 v to subtract; to subtract, experience distress yssydan horlanmak to suffer take away, take, minus Altydan ikini aýyrmak from the heat deňsizlikden horlanmak suffer subtract two from six aýyrmak belgisi minus from inequality; horlyk çekmek [ho:rlyk sign {mathematics} çekmek] v to suffer; kynçylyk çekmek (comp. of çekmek ) to suffer, have difficulties Uruş succeed jüpüne düşmek (comp. of jüp) to be a 1 döwründe köp adamlar agyr kynçylyk çekipdirler. success, be successful, work, succeed Onuň During the war a lot of people suffered; söwdasy jüpüne düşdi. His shopping was sezewar [sezewa:r] n suffer sezewar bolmak to successful.; ýetişmek 2 v to make, succeed suffer, be subjected to, be exposed; to face bolup ýetişmek to become (with), meet (with) sezewar etmek to doom, success üstünlik n success üstünlik gazanmak to expose ýeňlişe sezewar etmek to defeat ýeňlişe have success üstünlik bilen successfully Men size sezewar bolmak to be defeated, sustain a defeat üstünlik arzuw edýärin. I wish you every success. suffering azar 3 [aza:r] n suffering azar çekmek to successful oň adj successful, happy işiň oň bolsun! suffer comp. Onuň azaryna-da däl. ; horluk 1 good luck!; rowaç [rowa:ç] adj successful, [ho:rluk] n suffering, distress, torment, torture, lucky rowaç bolmak to be successful işiň rowaç pangs açlyk horlugy pangs of hunger horluk bolsun! Good luck!, I wish you every success! çekmek to suffer horluk görmek to experience successfully üstünlikli adj successfully işi torment; jebir 2 n suffering, affliction, pain, üstünlikli alyp barak torment jebir bermek to make somebody suffer such pylan [pyla:n] adj such pylan adam such a jebir çekmek to suffer agyrydan jebir çekmek to person (indefinite) pylan wagtda such-and-such be racked with pain jebir çeken martyr comp. a time, at that time; zeýilli adj such, such as, jebir-jepa comp. jebir-sütem ; jebir-jepa 1 like, similar (to) bu zeýilli like this, such ol bu (comp. of jebir) n pain and suffering Men zeýilli zady hiç wagt görmändi he had never seen ýaşlygymda ähli jebir-jepalary çekmeli boldum. I anything like it experienced all sorts of pain and suffering in such_as kimin [kimi:n] post such as, like çaga my youth. jebir-jepaly durmuş a life of suffering; kimin such as a child Biz nädip şunuň kimin jepa 1 [jepa:] n suffering, pain köp jepalary hekaýany düşündirmelikäk? How can we make başdan geçirmek to experience much/a lot of sense of such a story as this? suffering jepa çekmek to torture/torment, to suck sormak [so:rmak] v to suck make suffer; yza 2 [yza:] n suffering yza suddenly birden adv suddenly, all of a sudden, bermek to hurt, make suffer yzasyny çekmek to unexpectedly Ot birden güpläp gitdi. It birden suffer üstime topuldy. Buzyň üstinde häzir bolmasaň, ol Sufi? sopy [so:py] n Sufi? birden çat açyp döwilip bilýär.; birdenkä adv sugar gant n sugar gant zawody sugar-refinery suddenly, all of a sudden Birdenkä seniň diniň gant bilen çaý içmek drink teaa with sugar gant bolmaz. Birdenkä ýagyş ýagsa, zontigiň geregi keseli diabetes gant şugundyry sugar-beet; şeker çykar.; tiz [ti:z] adv suddenly, quickly tiz kömek n sugar maşyny ambulance sugared gantly adj sugared, sugary, sweet gantly summarise jemlemek 2 cf: komplekt. v to sum çaý sugared tea, tea with sugar, sweet tea up, summarise, condense netijeleri jemlemek to suggestion hödür 2 n suggestion hödür etmek to summarise the conclusions; umumylaşdyrmak suggest; teklip [tekli:p] n suggestion, offer 1 [umu:mylaşdyrmak] v to summarise Praktiki teklip etmek to make a suggestion, to offer tejribäni umumylaşdyrmak üçin talyplary hassahana ugratdylar. Geçirilen tejribeleriň suit düşmek 8 cf: düşünmek. v to be of use, to netijelerini umumylaşdyrmak üçin mugallym suit, be becoming Şu köýnegiň reňki saňa düşdi. leksiýa geçirdi. Geçen temany umumylaşdyrmak The colour of this dress suits you. comp. üçin şu günki sapakda mugallym ýenede öňki abraýdan düşmek comp. aşa düşmek comp. temadan sorag berdi. Mugallym okuwça okap aýagy düşmek comp. aýra düşmek comp. başy gutarlan tema boýunça romany düşmek comp. çöke düşmek comp. ele düşmek umumylaşdyrmagyny sorady. comp. gorka düşmek comp. haldan düşmek comp. howsala düşmek comp. jaýyna düşmek summer tomus n summer comp. küýüne düşmek comp. ökjesine düşmek sun gün 1 n sun Gün dogdy The sun has risen. comp. ruhdan düşmek comp. salkyn düşmek Gün ýaşdy The sun has set. Gün sistemasy solar comp. surata düşmek comp. tapdan düşmek system Gün tutulmasy solar eclipse Gün şöhlesi comp. üstünden düşmek comp. yşka düşmek sunshine, sunlight; güneý adj sun, sunny jaýyň comp. ýada düşmek comp. ýola düşmek comp. güneý tarapy the sunny side of a house

ýürege düşmek ; düşüm2 n suit, suitability; sunbeam yşyk 2 n ray of light, sunbeam gelişmek1 1 v to suit, fit Bu köýnek saňa Sunday bazar güni [ba:zar gün] n Sunday, gelişmeýär. This shirt doesn't suit you. Bu reňk market day Bazar güni bazara köp haryt seniň ýüzüňe gelişýär. This color suits for your çykarylýar. On Sunday many goods are taken to face.; kostýum [kos'týum] n suit, costume market.; ýekşenbe n Sunday {literary} Kerim owadan gara kostýum we galstuk geýipdir sunflower_seed çigit 1 n sunflower seed we juda syratly bolupdyr. Kerim wore a beautiful Sunni sünnüler n Sunni; süňňi adj Sunni black suit and tie and looked very smart.; 2 {religious} ýaraşmak2 v to suit, fit, do (for) geýen geýimi oňa ýaraşyp dur whatever he wears suits him sunny güneş adj sunny; güneşli adj sunny güneşli very well günler sunny days, days when the sun shines güneşli Türkmenistan sunny Turkmenistan suitable amat [a:mat] adv suitable; çem adj suitable, appropriate çemi gelende aýtmak to tell superstition yrymçylyk n superstition, folk belief at the right moment çemini tapmak to find a superstitious yrymçy adj superstitious yrymçy suitable moment çemine salmak; ýaramly 1 adj adam superstitious person suitable, appropriate, good (for), fit (for) supper agşamlyk n supper, evening meal, dinner suitcase çemodan cf: ýanbukja. n suitcase, case supplementary goşmaça adj supplementary, sulphur kükürt 1 n sulphur, brimstone kükürt additional, extra goşmaça sorag bermek ask an kislotasy sulphuric acid (sem. domains: 1.2.3 - additional question goşmaça wagt extra time Solid, liquid, gas.) supplies zapas 2 [za'pas] cf: rezerw, ätiýaçlyk, sultan soltan [solta:n] n sultan çykalga, haryt, predmet, sapak, dersi, sum jem 1 n sum, total jemini çykarmak to sum up şaýlar, zat. n supplies zapas goýmak to lay iki goşulyjynyň jemi the sum of two parts aside, put in store {food} comp. zapas çykalga supply_gas gazlaşdyrmak [ga:zlaşdyrmak] v to install gas (in), supply with gas senagaty gazlaşdyrmak to supply the industry with gas köpek gurt alar support arka 4 n support Onda arka ýok. He has suppose çaklamak v to suppose, conjecture, no support/backing. (political, financial, surmise, assume family) Ol arka durjak. He will provide support. supposition çen 1 n supposition, thought, Ol kakasynyň pulunyň arkasyndan instituty opinion; intention Onuň çeni dorgy çykdy. tamamlady. He passed University thanks to the suppress ýatyrmak 5 [ýatyrmak] v to suppress help of his father's bribes. arka tapmak to find comp. maşyny ýatyrmak comp. ýatyr support, find a sponsor comp. arkasyndan sura süre sura [chapter in the Koran] gürrüňini etmek ; arkadaýanç n support, surname familiýa [fa'miliýa] n surname patron, protector; daýanç 1 n support, prop Ol daýanç üçin aýagyny daşa diredi. daýanç nokady surplus zyýat [zyýa:t] adj surplus fulcrum; daýanyşyk n support, help özara surprise aňk n surprise, astonishment aňk bolmak daýanyşyk etmek to support each other; delalat to be astonished; aňk-taňk surprise comp. aňk- 1 [dela:lat] n support, help, use delalat soramak taňk bolmak ; haýran [haýra:n] n surprise, to ask for help delalat tapmak to find astonishment, amazement haýran galmak to be help/support delalat etmek to help, support; astonished (at), be surprised (at), be amazed direg 1 [di:reg] n support, prop, stronghold (at) haýran galdyrmak (etmek) to astonish, Meniň diregim ýok. I have no support. Halklar surprise, amaze arasyndaky dostluk parahatçylygyň diregi. surprised aňalmak v to be surprised, be struck, Friendship between peoples is a stronghold of be astonished peace. miweli agaja direg etmek to make prop to surprising geň adj surprising, remarkable, the fruitful tree. Gyýşaran haýata direg uryp wonderful, extraordinary geň waka a surprising dikeltdik. We made straight the crooked fence event geň zat strange thing; strange! geň by propping. Ýaş üzüm nahallara direg etdik. We galdyrmak to surprise (someone) comp. geň proped to young grapes.; goldamak v to galmak comp. geň görmek support, help, give help moral taýdan goldamak surround gabamak 1 v to surround, encircle, to give moral support teklibi goldamak to blockade, block duşmany gabamak to encircle support the proposal; goldaw n support, help the enemy; gurşamak v to surround goldaw bermek to support, help surrounded gabalmak 1 [ga:balmak] v to be supporter eýerjeň n supporter, advocate eýerjeň surrounded, be encircled daşy gabalmak to be sözlem subordinate clause {grammar}; encircled; gurşalmak v to be/get surrounded tarapdar 1 [tarapda:r] n partisan, supporter; swaddling arlyk n swaddling clothes ýaran [ýa:ra:n] n supporter, adherent, swallow ýuwutmak cf: ýuwdunmak. v to advocate, ally, companion özüňe ýaran edinmek swallow derman ýuwutmak to swallow pills to become friends (with) ýamana ýaran bolma ýuwudyp goýbermek to swallow comp. diliňi don't be friends with bad people ýuwutmak comp. gaharyňy ýuwutmak comp. supportive arkaly 1 adj supportive arkaly at gan ýuwutmak comp. ýer ýuwutmak comp. ýer honoured name (named in honour of s.o.) Ol ýuwutmyş! mätäçler üçin arkaly ýolbaşçydy. He is swamp batga n swamp, marsh, bog Obamyzda indispensable to the poor. (instead of ýagyşdan soň batgasyndan ýaňa ýörär ýaly däl. 'indispensable to', maybe 'philanthropist for' or After it rains in our village you can't walk 'supporter of'?) arkaly adam person who because it's like a bog. supports (a person or project) say. Arkaly swear ant içmek (comp. of içmek) to take one's swing hiňňildik n swing hiňňildik uçmak to swing oath, to swear an oath [for Gurban Baýram (festival)- young people swear_by nan ursun (comp. of nan) I swear by swing away their sins on a plank suspended the book that... Ýalan aýdýan bolsam, goýmeni from a large metal frame]; sallançak 2 n swing nan ursun. If I've lied may I be run over by a sallançakda uçmak to swing; uçmak 2 v to double-decker bus! swing, to rock Gurbanlykda hiňňillik uçmak - günäňi dökmek. Aglamaz ýaly Mähri sallançakda sweat der n sweat dere batmak to break out in a jigsini uçurdy, olam uklady. Yralýan oturguçda sweat, perspire der dökmek to work hard gara Gülşat uçmaga halaýar. comp. gözüňden uçmak dere batmak to break out in a sweat; derlemek (gözüňden ýitirmek) comp. kelläňden uçmak v to sweat, perspire Men çaý içip derledim. I was (ýadyňdan çykarmak) ; uçurmak 3 v to swing perspiring through drinking tea. Aýnanyň ýüzi s.o., to push s.o. on the swings, to rock s.o. derläpdir. Ayna’s face was damp with Mekan bizi Gurbanlykda hiňňilikde uçurdy. perspiration. Gülşat, Şemşady sallançaga ýatypmak üçin sweep süpürmek v to clean, sweep, dust içerini uçurdym. comp. başyňdan huşuny uçurmak süpürmek to clean the inside comp. neşesini uçurmak comp. söz uçurmak ; sweet bal ýaly (comp. of bal ) sweet, tasty Emeli 1 üwremek v to swing, to rock sallançagy bal bilen hakyky ary balynyň tapawdy ýer bilen üwremek to swing a cradle gök ýaly. Artificial honey and real bee honey switch çybyk 1 [çy:byk] n switch, rod tal çybyk are as different as earth and heaven. Naharyň sword gylyç n sword, scimitar tagamy bal ýaly bolypdyr. The food was as sweet as honey (i.e. tasty).; süýji 1 n a sweet; sweet syllabus programma 6 cf: maksatnama, Süýji-püýji ýokmykam? Haven't you got any proýekt. n syllabus, curriculum okuw sweets? programmasy syllabus, curriculum türkmen dilinden programma Turkmen syllabus swell çişmek 1 [çi:şmek] v to swell, be swollen Onuň aýagy çişipdir. His foot is swollen.; symbol alamat 2 [ala:mat] n symbol Ak kepderi - gabarmak 2 [ga:barmak] v to swell, be parahatçylyk alamaty. A white dove is a symbol covered with swellings Ellerim gabarypdyr. My of peace. hands have swollen up. sympathetic dertdeş 2 adj sympathetic, sharing swelling çiş1 1 [çi:ş] n swelling, bump each other's worries and concerns; gamhor [gamho:r] adj sympathetic, compassionate swim ýüzmek1 2 v to swim derýada ýüzmek to swim in the river ýüzüp geçmek to swim across sympathy gamhorlyk [gamho:rlyk] n sympathy, concern gamhorlyk bildirmek to express swimming_pool howuz 2 n swimming pool, sympathy (concerning), have sympathy (for) reservoir, water tank synagogue ybadathana 4 [yba:datha:na] n swindle aldaw [a:ldaw] n swindle, fraud; ütmek synagogue; temple {Jewish} 2 v to swindle, to cheat, deceive ol meni ütdi he cheated me Satyjy meni gowy ütüpdir. {fig} synthetic sintetik n synthetic comp. tutan guşuny ütmek (garşydaşyň syrup toşap [toşa:p] n syrup, treacle aldawyna düşmezlik) system nyzam 1 [nyza:m] n system, order, line swindler aldawçy [a:ldawçy] n swindler, liar, nyzama durmak to stand in a line Baglar nyzam con-man bilen ekilipdir.; sistema [sis'tema] cf: ulgam. n swindling aldawçylyk [a:ldawçylyk] n system swindling, deceptive actions systematic meýilnamaly cf: planly. adj systematic, planned

T t table stol n table; tablisa n table took the needle out.; tabşyrmak 2 v to take, tablecloth saçak 1 n tablecloth, bread-storage pass {exam} cloth Goý siziň saçagaňyzyň bereketi egsilmesin! take_aim nyşanalamak [nyşa:nalamak] v to take May your table always be full of food! [cloth aim (at) Ol ýylanyň kellesinden nyşanalady. used for both keeping bread and eating off and take_away aýyrmak 2 v to take away odun traditionally made from camel wool] aýyrmak to take away something çagany tact eda 1 [eda:] n tact eda bilen gürlemek to süýtden aýyrmak to wean a child speak with tact take_bite tamşanmak 2 v to eat a small amount, tail guýruk 1 n tail comp. guýruk tutdurmazlyk take a bite taint zaýalamak 2 [za:ýalamak] v to taint {ritual take_blood gan almak 1 (comp. of gan) to take cleansing} comp. Öz nerwiňi zaýalama! blood Tajik täjik 2 adj Tajik men täjik I am a Tajik täjik take_care aýamak 2 v to take care köwüşiňi aýa adam a Tajik man (sem. domains: 4.1.2 - Types to take care of one's shoes Saglygy aýamak of people.) gerek. One must guard one's health. köwşüňi Tajikistan Täjigistan [Täžigista:n] n Tajikistan aýamak to take care of one's shoes say. Nanyny (sem. domains: 9.7.2.1 - Names of countries.) aýan aşa ýeter, donuny aýan take aladalanmak v to take care of, look after, take_care_of perwana bolmak (comp. of worry about; aldyrmak 3 v to take Dümewe bar perwana) a) to take care (of) b) put one's güýjümi aldyrdym. The 'flu took out all my whole soul (into)

strength. comp. aldyrany bar ýaly ; almak 1 cf: take_off çykarmak1 2 v to put off, take off

satyn almak2. v to take, get, obtain, bring Bu iş köýnegiňi çykarmak to take one's shirt off comp. köp wagt alýar. This work takes a long time. baş çykarmak comp. netije çykarmak comp. dynç almak to take a break, to have a rest Öz ýatdan çykarmak comp. ýüze çykarmak ; üstüne almak. To take responsibility. comp. Al çykarynmak v to take off, put off gerek bolsa! comp. ar almak comp. at almak take_offence kemsinmek v to feel small, be comp. basyp almak comp. dyrnagyňy almak lacking in confidence Men rusça bilmeýändigim comp. eliňe almak comp. garşy almak comp. üçin işde kemsindim. I felt small at work because göwnüňe almak comp. talap almak ; bermek 2 of I don't know Russian. v to take ekzamen bermek to take an exam take_out çykarmak1 1 v to get out, take out okuwçylara çözmäge mesele bermek to give sumkadan kitaplaryňy çykarmak to take one's students a problem to solve; esaslandyrmak 2 books out of one's bag comp. baş çykarmak [esa:slandyrmak] v to take sungatda täze ugry comp. netije çykarmak comp. ýatdan çykarmak esaslandyrmak to take the industry in a new comp. ýüze çykarmak direction; äkitmek v to take (someone take_part baş goşmak (comp. of goşmak) to take somewhere); sogurmak v to take out, pull out, part in something, take to someone extract Kempir iňňäni sogrupdyr. The old lady take_pity rehimiň inmek (comp. of inmek) to gepleşikler diplomatic talks iki kärhananyň take pity/compassion (on), to feel sorry (for) arasyndaky gepleşik talks between two take_revenge ar almak (comp. of almak) to take enterprizes revenge; haklaşmak 2 to take revenge tall belent adj tall, high, lofty belent baýyr high taken alynmak 1 v to be taken Şu ýyl ýerden hill belent ymarat tall building Türkmenistanyň gowy hasyl alyndy. This year a good harvest was hazirki belent ymaratlary meni geň galdyrdy. I taken in from the land. alynma söz a loan word was surprised at the number of high buildings (sem. domains: 3.5.3.1 - Word, Ling - in Turkmenistan. Toýda ilki bilen söz berilen, Linguistics.) dyngata alynmak ; aýrylmak 1 v kakamyň jygysy belent mertebeli Çary kakam to be taken away, be separated Miwesini göterip boldy. The first person to say something at the bilmedik şaha aýrylypdyr. The branch sags due wedding was my father's younger brother the to the weight of the fruit.; eltilmek v to be highly respected Uncle Chary. belent magsatlar taken (to) maşyn bilen eltilmek to be taken by lofty aims; uzyn 2 [uzy:n] adj tall Gunçanyň car ýoldaşynyň boýy uzynlygy üçin, Gunça onuň diňe kiftine ýetýar. Kedr agaçlaryň boýy üç gat talentless körzehin 1 [kö:rzehi:n] adj talentless, jaýlaryň boýyndan uzyn bolýar. say. Boýy undistinguished, third-rate körzehin aktýor ham uzynyň akly kelte comp. eli uzyn comp. uzyn- körzehin aýdymçy third-rate singer uzyn comp. Ýaşy uzyn bolsun! talk diýişmek 1 v to talk, converse Arada biz bu tamarisk ýylgyn n tamarisk ýylgyn halk meseläni diýişdik,ýöne ýene-de ýatladasym gelýär. lukmançylygynda giňden ulanylýar the Tamarisk We discussed this problem before, but I want to is used widely in traditional medicine (sem. remind you of it once again. ; gep n talk, domains: 1.5 - Plant.) speech, word, conversation Men onuň gepine gitdim. I followed his advice. gep bermek to tan eýlemek v to tan deri eýlemek to tan the skin lecture gep açmak to begin to speak gepiňi tangerine mandarin n mandarin(e), tangerine; gögertmek to succeed in getting one's own way satsuma mandarin agajy tangerine-tree gep gezdirmek to gossip gepleýiş organlary speech tank bak [ba:k] n tank benzin baky petrol tank organs comp. gep-gürrüň comp. onuň içinde Maşynyň benzin bagyny dolduryp gitdik. We went gep ýatmaz comp. oňa gep ýokanok ; out to fill the car's petrol tank. gepleşmek 1 cf: sözleşmek. v to talk (to one tanning_agent eý1 n tanning agent, tannin eý another), chat, discuss, converse Biz gepleşmeli. gabygy to tan eý kislotasy tannic acid We need to talk. Muny gepleşmek gerek. That tap kran1 1 n tap suw krany tap needs discussing. Biz telefonda gepleşdik. We tape_recorder magnitofon [magnito'fon] n tape- spoke on the telephone. Gepleşmän oturyň! Sit recorder, tape-recording machine, cassette in silence!; gürleşmek 1 v to talk, have a talk, player wideo magnitofon video (cassette) converse, have a conversation iş barada recorder, VCR gürleşmek to have a talk about work/business target nyşana 1 [nyşa:na] n target nyşanaa almak talk_about agzamak v to talk about something, to aim at a target nyşanadan urmak discuss task ýumuş 1 n task, assignment; errand, talkative ýaňra adj talkative, garrulous commission, mission ýumuş buýurmak to set a talks gep-gürrüň 1 (comp. of gep, gürrüň) n task ýumşy ýerine ýetirmek to fulfil a task ýumuş talks, conversations Sen ol barada gürrüň oglany errand-boy biriniň ýumuş oglany bolmak eşitdiňmi? Have you heard anything about her?; to be smb's errand-boy; to be at smb's beck and gepleşik 1 n talks, negotiations diplomatik call molladan hat-sowat öwrendi. He learnt to read taste datmak 1 [da:tmak] v to taste, try, sample from his village teacher. Her molla öz bilenini Dadyp göräý! Taste and see! şarpyk datmak to be okar. Each Mullah teaches what he knows.; slapped yssyny-sowugy datmak to suffer from mugallym cf: pedagog. n teacher mugallym the heat and cold.; duz 2 [du:z] n taste bolup işlemek to work as a teacher; mugallyma naharyň duzy the taste of food Duzuny dat! [mugallyma:] n teacher {f}; pedagog Have a taste! Duzdan uly bolma./nakyl/ Do not [peda'gog] cf: mugallym. n teacher, be big than meal.?????? Naharyň duzy pedagogue, educational specialist; ýolbaşçy 4 ýuwan,ýene biraz atmaly. The food is tasteless, it [ýo:lbaşçy] cf: direktor. n teacher, supervisor needs more salt. duz datmak to taste Men gelen klas ýolbaşçy class teacher ylmy ýolbaşçy myhmanlara duz-çörek berdim. I gave a meal to academic supervisor the guests who came. Gapyň agzynda durmada teachers' mugallymçylyk adj teachers', içerik gir, duz dat. Do not stand at the door, pedagogical mugallymçylyk instututy come in and taste. comp. duz iýişmek comp. pedagogical institute mugallymçylyk käri duz-tagam comp. duzy gaçan comp. söziň duzy teaching öwüt cf: öwüt-ündew, ündew. n ýok comp. ýarasyna duz sepmek ; tagam 1 n teaching; öwüt-ündew cf: öwüt, ündew. adv taste onuň tagamy ýok it doesn't taste of teaching and instruction; taglymat [tagly:ma:t] anything n doctrine, systematic teaching taste! mürähet Have a taste! tea-drinker çaýkeş [ça:ýkeş] n tea-drinker taste-giver tagamlyk n taste-giver, spice, team komanda [ko'manda] cf: topar. n team something added to a dish to make it tasty futbol komandasy football team ýangynçylar tasty lezzetli 1 adj tasty, tastful lezzetli tagam komandasy fire-brigade tasty dish; süýji 2 adj tasty, delicious; şirin adj teapot çäýnek n teapot; kettle tasty, delicious; tagamly adj delicious, tasty tear gözýaş [gözýa:ş] n tear gözýaş etmek to cry, tax gümrük 2 n import tax; salgyt 1 n tax, duty, weep gözýaş edip aglamak to cry bitterly, weep;

customs, tribute salgyt töleýji tax-payer gyrmak1 3 v to tear ýüpi gyrmak to tear the taxi taksi [tak'si] n taxi taksi tutmak to hail a taxi rope; nem 3 n tear onuň gözünde nem göründi tea çaý [ça:ý] n tea gök çaý green tea çaý tears were seen in her eyes; üzmek 1 v to tear gaýnatmak çaý demlemek çaýy demine goýmak off, break ýüpi üzmek to tear off the rope simi üzmek to break the wire Boýnymdaky zynjyrymy tea_lover çaýhor [ça:ýho:r] n tea-lover gyzym çekip üzdi. Babamyň dutaryny oýnap teach okatmak 2 cf: okamak, okatdyrmak. v to taryny üzdim. comp. aýagyňy ýerden üzmek teach Altyn asyrda (XX1-da) dilleri okatmagy comp. el üzmek comp. el üzmek (bir işden metodlary language teaching methods in the daşlaşmak) comp. ömrüni üzmek comp. ömrüni Golden Century; öwretmek 1 [ö:wretmek] v to üzmek (ölmek) comp. tamaňy üzmek comp. teach, instruct hünär öwretmek to teach a trade tamaňy üzmek (umydyňy üzmek) comp. yzyny comp. Bu günki serçe düýnki serçe «jik-jik» üst comp. ýerden örküni üzmek (ýalan öwreder. ; öwretmek 3 [ö:wretmek] v to give geplemek) ; ýaş3 [ýa:ş] n tear bir damja ýaş tear advice comp. Bu günki serçe düýnki serçe «jik- drop Ol gözüňe ýaş aýlady. Tears welled up in jik» öwreder. his eyes.; ýyrtmak v to tear haty ýyrtmak to teacher işan-molla [i:şa:n-mo:lla] (comp. of tear up a letter eşikleriňi ýyrtmak to tear one's molla) mollah, religion adam, teacher obanyň clothes comp. ýaka ýyrtmak ; ýyrtylmak v to mollasy the mollah of the village Ol obadaky tear, be torn, become torn onuň egnindäki köýnek 10 ýyldan soň ahyry ýyrtyldy a shirt temperature temperatura [tempera'tura] n which he was wearing for 10 years, at last was temperature torn temple buthana [but'ha:na] n temple; church tear_to_pieces paralamak [pa:ralamak] v to tear Buthana ikona suratlaryny görmek üçin bardyk. to pieces Molla gylçynyň baldyryny paralady we We went to the church to see the icon pictures. mandala balagyny ýyrtdy. The Mullah hacked Köp ýaşlar toý güni nykalaşmaga buthana the calf leg up with his sword and tore the barýarlar. Many young people on their wedding trouser fabric. comp. bagryňy paralap aýtmak ; day go to the church to get married. parçalamak v to shred, tear to pieces Möjekler tempo depgin n tempo, rhythym goýny parçalapdyr. The wolves tore the sheep to temporal wagtlaýyn 2 adv temporal pieces. matany parçalamak to shred a cloth temporary wagtlaýyn 1 adv temporary(ly), comp. ýürek parçalamak provisional wagtlaýyn iş temporary work technical tehnika 2 ['tehnika] adj technical wagtlaýyn ylalaşyk interim agreement wagtlaýyn technique usul 1 [usu:l] n technique Merjen gelmek to come for a while wagtlaýyn pul tikinçi ussaň ýanyna gatnap tikin edip her hili usul bermek to lend money öwrendi. Futbol oýnamaň öz usuly bar, şolary ten on [o:n] num ten on adam ten people on sekiz bilmeseň utuldygyňy hasaplaýmaly. Figuristleriň eighteen çykyşyna eminler hem usulyna hem ussatlyk bilen tenant kärendeçi n tenant, leaseholder Meniň üç ýerine ýetirilişine ball berýarler. doganym obada kärendeçi bolup işleýär. My three technological tehniki adj technological tehniki brothers work as tenant in the village. institut technological institute tender näzik 1 adj tender, affectionate näzik technology tehnika 1 ['tehnika] n technology duýgy näzik göwün {emotions} comp. tene Teke Teke 2 (comp. of teke) adj Teke teke halysy näzik ; ýuka 3 [ýu:ka] adj tender ýuka dodaklar Teke carpet [name of one of the Turkmen tender lips comp. ýuka ýürek tribes] (sem. domains: 9.7.1.4 - Tribal names.) tendril murt 4 n tendril garpyzyň murty üzümiň Teke_tribe Teke 1 (comp. of teke) n The Teke murty {botanical} comp. murt tabamak comp. tribe murt uny palta kesmez. comp. murtuň towly telegram telegramma [tele'gramma] n telegram bolsun, işiň şowly! comp. murty syh-syh telegraph_pole telefon agajy (comp. of agaç) bolmak telegraph pole tenner onluk 1 [o:nluk] num a ten, a number ten telephone telefon [tele'fon] n telephone, phone onluk manat a ten manat note, tenner onluk telefon arkaly by phone jübi telefony ; til n awtobus a number ten bus {as a unit} telephone, telegraph tense dartgynly adj tense, strained, tight; zaman telephone_handset telefon trubkasy (comp. of 3 [zama:n] n tense öten zaman past tense trubka) n telephone handset, telephone, phone häzirki zaman present tense geljek zaman future trubka almak to answer the phone tense (sem. domains: 9 - Grammar.) {grammar} television telewizor [tele'wizor] n television tent çadyr [ça:dyr] n tent Çopan dag eteginde (set), T.V. çadyr dikdi. The shepherd erected a tent on the foothills of the mountain. teller_of_tales agzy ýelli adam (comp. of agyz) a teller of tall tales tent_peg gazyk n tent peg, stake, picket gazyk kakmak to drive a tent peg in temper syrat [sy:rat] n temper öz syratyňa seretmeli watch your temper tenth onunjy [o:nunjy] tenth onunjy klas tenth test synamak [sy:namak] v to test someone or form onunjy May the tenth of May onunjy something, to try sahypa page ten onunjy nomer number ten testimony güwä n testimony güwä geçmek to tenth_anniversary onýyllyk [o:nýyllyk] n tenth witness, testify (that something is true); zamun anniversary, ten year... Garaşsyzlygyň onýyllygy 2 [za:mu:n] n testimony the tenth anniversary of Independence text tekst n text tenure eýeçilik n tenure, ownership eýeçilik textile dokma 2 n textile dokma senagaty textile etmek to own, have dominion, be master şahsy industry dokma gurallary textile equipment eýeçilik personal ownership; eýelik 1 n tenure, Ahal welaýatynda uly dokma fabrigi açyldy. A big ownership eýelik etmek to own, have dominion textile factory was opened in Ahal province. hojalyga eýelik etmek to own the household dokma dokamak weaving Dokma dokamak biziň term adalga n term, name ata-babalarymayzdan gelýär. Weaving originated termite sary garynja (comp. of sary1) n termite, with our anscestors. white ant (sem. domains: 1.6 - Animal.) thank_you Bile ýalkasyn! (comp. of Taňry) And terrible aýylganç adj terrible, frightful, fearful, you too! Thank you!; Taňry ýalkasyn! (comp. dreadful aýylganç habar bad news aýylganç düýş of ýalkamak) Thank you very much! bad dream aýylganç ses terrible voice; elhenç thankful minnetdar [minnetda:r] adj thankful, adj terrible, frightful, fearful, dreadful elhenç grateful men size beren kömegiňiz üçin örän gygyrmak elhenç gorkmak elhenç sowuk terrible minnetdar I am very much grateful to you for frost elhenç habar very bad news; gorkuly 1 adj helping Beren kömegiňiz üçin men size örän terrible, horrible, dangerous, awful, dreadful minnetdar. minnetdar bolmak to be thankful, be gorkuly adam frightful person gorkuly düýş bad grateful dream gorkuly hekaýa terrifying story; gorkunç thanks alkyş n expression of gratitude, thanks;

adj terrible, horrible, frightful, awful, terrifying sag bol(yň)! 1 (comp. of sag1) Thank you!; gorkunç ýol awful road gorkunç garaňkylyk şükür n thanks be, thanks Şükür Hudaýa. terrifying darkness; harap 2 [hara:p] adj bad, Thanks be to God. sad, mournful, terrible iş harap sorry state Onuň that eýläk adv to that side Olar eýläk gitdiler. haly harap He is in a terrible state.; şum adj They went that way. Sen eýläk gitme, beýläk git. terrible; ýaman 1 adj terrible, awful, dreadful Do not go this side, go to another side. comp. ýaman adam an awful person ýaman iş dreadful eýläk-beýläk ; o1 Pronoun that, those o näme work ýaman habar bad news ýaman howa üçin? Why is that?; ol1 Pronoun that ol jaý that terrible weather özüňi ýaman duýmak to feel house ol ýerde in that place ol taýda there awful, to be down Ol ýaman erbet adam. He's a Ondan soň arak içmeli. After that you should terribly bad man. comp. ýaman ada goýmak drink vodka. comp. ýaman görmek comp. ýaman öwrenmek that_one şol cf: şonda, şondan. Pronoun that one terribly ýaman 2 adj very, really; terribly ýaman şol oglan that boy şol wagt at that time, then şol oňat very good Kelläm ýaman agyrýar. My head taýda (over) there şony that one şonda when, at really hurts. comp. ýaman ada goýmak comp. the time when şondan from then, from this time ýaman görmek comp. ýaman öwrenmek (on) şondan köp wagt geçmänkä some time later territory ýurt 2 [ýu:rt] n territory, area, site şondan soň after this/that Şondan soň ol täze jaý comp. ýurt sökmek comp. ýurt ýykan saldy. After that he built a new house. şonuň üçin therefore comp. şol demde that_way beýläk adj that way, in that direction thickness ýogynlyk 1 [ýogy:nlyk] n width, Sen beýläk geç. You go on the other side. thickness Mundan beýläk beýle iş etme. After this don't do thief eli egri (comp. of egri) thief; ogry 1 n thief, that kind of thing. robber jübi ogrusy pickpocket ogryny tutuň! Stop that's şonuň that's comp. şonuň üçin thief! comp. Ogry syrty gowşak. the garyp-gasar [gary:p-gasar] n the poor oba thieving ogurlyk n thieving, theft, burglary garyp-gasarlary the village poor, the poor ogurlyk bilen meşgullanmak to be a thief üşak peasants; gijilewük [gi:jilewük] n the itch ogurlyk pilferage, petty theft ogurlyk etmek to the_end ahyr1 [a:hyr] n the end kitabyň ahyry end steal, commit a theft ogurlyk zat(lar) stolen of a book good(s) the_past geçmiş 1 n the past geçmişden galan a thigh but 1 [bu:t] n thigh Soýylan öküziň yzky relic from the past geçmişi ýatlamak to budyny satyn aldyk. Mundan bäş ýyl öň taýyp but remember the old days geçmişden galan süňkim döwülip, aýagyma gips goýdylar.

ýadygärlik the monument left from the past thimble oýmak1 1 [o:ýmak] n thimble theatre teatr n theatre Bu gün teatrda näme thin hor2 1 [ho:r] adj thin, lean, skinny, slim, gidýär? What's on at the theatre today? scrawny hor adam thin man hor bolmak to be then onda conjunction then; onsoň conjunction lean/thin hor mal scrawny animal comp. hor- then, after that, afterwards, later on onsoň ol zar ; inçe 1 [i:nçe] adj thin, delicate, fine inçe näme diýdi? What did she say after that?; şonda sapak fine/thin thread inçe süýümli pagta fine- cf: şol, şondan. then, at that time şonda-da fibre cotton inçe içegeler small intestine; ýuka 1

even so; weli1 2 conjunction then; welin 2 [ýu:ka] adj thin ýuka mata thin material comp. [weli:n] conjunction then ýuka ýürek theory çaklama 1 cf: wersiýa. n theory, thing zat 1 [za:t] cf: rezerw, ätiýaçlyk, çykalga, suggestion, assumption, supposition haryt, predmet, sapak, dersi, şaýlar, zapas. n thing, stuff odur-budur zatlar all kinds of there ana Pronoun there, here; aňryk [aňry:k] things comp. bir zat comp. hiç zat comp. zat adv there (motion away); hol adv there, right bolmak comp. zat diýmek there hol adam that man hol gün that day; ol taýda (comp. of taý) there, that place there things öwzar [öwza:r] n things, utensils öýsüz- öwzarsyz having no house and utensils there_it_is ine 2 interj there it is think küýüne düşmek (comp. of düşmek) to therefore şonuň üçin (comp. of şonuň) think about something, be in thought about an therefore; şoňa görä (comp. of görmek) idea Täze jaý almaň küýüne düşdüm. i am therefore thinking of buying a new flat; oýlamak they olar Pronoun they olaryň of them, their olara [o:ýlamak] v to think, consider Men beýle to them {3rd person plural} oýlamandyryn. I never thought of it that way. thick gaba 1 [ga:ba] adj thick, splendid gaba saç Şu beýik maşgalada özüniň nähili derejede orun thick hair; galyň 1 adj thick, fat galyň kitap 1 tutandygyny oýlar. This great family considers thick book galyň geýinmek to dress warmly itself to hold a good position in society. comp. galyň gar ýagdy. thick snow fell comp. ýüzi oýlap tapmak ; oýlanmak 2 [o:ýlanmak] v galyň ; goýy adj thick goýy gaýmak thick cream; think; öýtmek v to think, suppose Men beýle ýogyn 1 [ýogy:n] adj thick, sturdy ýogyn agaç bolar öýtmändim. I didn't think that it would be sturdy tree ýogyn taýak thick stick like this. Kakam gelipdir öýdýän. It seems that thick_tust tot-tozan (comp. of tozan) thick dust Dad has left.; pikirlenmek v to think, reflect, thorough köptaraply adj thorough, all-round, meditate (on), think about, consider Bu detailed Biz juda köptaraply barlag geçirýäris. We meselede pikirlenmek gerek. This question must are making a thorough investigation. be considered. Pikirlenmäge bäş minut wagt thoroughly jikme-jik [ji:kme-ji:k] adv berýärin. I give you five minutes for reflection.; thoroughly, in detail, minutely jikme-jik gürrüň toslamak to think up, make up bermek to give a detailed account thinker akyldar [akylda:r] n thinker, wise person those ýaňky 2 adj those, the aforementioned thinness inçelik [i:nçelik] n thinness, fineness, ýaňky gelen adamlar nirä gitdi? Where's he gone, delicacy, slenderness, slimness simiň inçeligi the men who just came? {plural}

thinness of a wire biliň inçeligi slenderness of a though -da2 2 [-da:] cf: -dä, -de. conjunction even waist nagşyň inçeligi delicacy of a pattern; though Çagyrsam-da gelmedi. Though I invited ýukalyk [ýu:kalyk] n thinness kagyzyň her, she didn't come. Sen ýalňyşýaň-da! You're ýukalygy thinness of a paper materialyň mistaken! ýukalygy fineness of a material thought hyýal 1 [hyýa:l] n thought, idea; küý n third üçünji third üçünji gün üçünji orun thought (of, about), idea küýe gelmek to occur thirsty suwasamak v to be thirsty to, to come into the mind of küýüne düşmek to thirtieth otuzynjy thirtieth otuzynjy mart the think about something, be in thought about an thirtieth of March otuzynjy sahypa page thirty idea comp. küý-pikir ; küý-pikir (comp. of otuzynjy nomer room number thirty küý, pikir) n thought Men bar küý-pikirim nädip şäherden iş tapmak. My all thought is to find a thirty otuz num thirty otuz ýaşly adam thirty-year- job in the çity.; oý-pikir [o:ý-pikir] cf: oýoý- old man pikir pikir. thought gutarnykly oý-pikir this bu [bu:] [bu:] [bu] cf: muňa. Pronoun this, it complete idea/thought ol oý-pikire batdy he has bu adam this person bu gezek this time bu ýyl been lost in thought, he has been plunged deep this year bu gün-erte in the next few days Ony in thought; pikir n thought, idea pikir etmek to alma, muny al! Don't buy that one, buy this one! think Bu zat meniň pikirimde-de ýokdy. I didn't munda munda to this one Munuň ýaly ýagdaý even think about it. comp. derýasyna gark gündogar halklarynyň edebiýatynda juda seýrek bolmak comp. küý-pikir comp. Pikir beriň! ; duş gelýär. In a similar way the people from the zamanyň mazmuny, pikir cf: ideýa. thought, east rarely read literature. Muňa seret! Loot at idea that!; muny Pronoun from fv:bu; şu Pronoun thought_up toslanmak v to be thought up this one şuny şu taýda here (location) şu ýerde here şu gün today şu wagtda now thoughtful pikirli adj thoughtful, wise, clever, reasonable ýiti pikirli witty erbet pikirli having a this' munyň [muny:ň] Pronoun from fv:bu munyň bad intention comp. içi pikirli adam näme? what is this? thought-out oýlanyşykly [o:ýlanyşykly] adj this_side bäri 3 post this side (of) poçtanyň thought-out, considered oýlanyşykly çözgüt bärisinde this side of the post office comp. bäri considered decision oýlanyşykly çemeleşmek to bakmak think over, consider bu meselä oýlanyşykly thistle akbaş [a:kbaş] n a useless plant with çemeleşmek gerek this task must be considered thistles thousand müň num thousand bir müň one thorn tiken n thorn; ýandak n thorn, prickle thousand (sem. domains: 1.5 - Plant.) thorny tikenekli adj thorny; tikenli adj thorny thousandth_anniversary müňýyllyk adj throat bokurdak n throat Agşam erbet düýş görip, thousandth anniversary bokurdagym gurap oýanypdyrn. Bokurdagym thread din2 n thread, string; nah cf: pagta, agyranda gyzgyn süýt bilen burçy garyp içýarin.; gowaça. adj cotton thread nah mata cotton; damak 1 n throat, neck damak çalmak/kesmek

sapajyk n small piece of thread; sapak1 1 n to cut (an animal's) throat Damagym agyrýar. thread iňňe bilen sapak needle and thread iňňä I've got a sore throat. damagyny çalmak/kesmek sapak sapmak to thread a needle; sapmak 1 v to to slit someone's or (an animal's) throat damak thread iňňä sapak sapmak to thread a needle dolmak to sob pagta bilen damagyna bir zatlar comp. iňňä sapaýmaly çalmak to rub one's throat smth with cotton threat haýbat n threat, menace haýbat atmak to throne tagt n throne threaten, menace, frighten biriniň haýbatyndan throttle bogmak 2 v to strangle, throttle Agşam gorkmak to be afraid of one's threat/menace Bu gölämiz öz boýnundaky ýüpine bogylyp galypdyr. haýbatmy? Is that a threat?; hemle n threat, Nahar iýip otyrkam nana düginip bokyrdagym menace hemle urmak to threaten bogylyp helk boldym. haltanyň agzyny bogmak threaten abanmak 3 [a:banmak] v to threaten desse bog Birden galan gyzgyn bokurdagymy Ýurda işsizlik howpy abanýar. Unemployment bogdy. dürli pikirleri bogmak threatens the country.; azm urmak (comp. of throw atmak 2 v to throw egniňe ýaglyk atmak to urmak) to shout at, to threaten Maňa azm wrap a shawl around one's shoulders;

urup, meniň göwnüme degjek bolma. Maňa azm oklamak2 v to throw, hurl daş oklamak to urup, karzyňy bermeseň maşynyňy aljak diýdiler. throw/hurl stones pökgi oklamak to throw a three üç num three üç bolup three (together) üç ball; ýagdyrmak 2 cf: ýagmak. v to throw, burçly triangular, three-cornered üç ýaşly three- bombard, shower daş ýagdyrmak to throw year-old üç dilli trilingual üçe bölmek to divide stones sorag ýagdyrmak to bombard with into three; üçlük 1 num a three üçlük san three questions pul ýagdyrmak to squander money; of them; üçlük 2 num a three üçlük baha three zyňmak 1 v to throw topy zyňmak to throw a [out of five] {on schoolwork} ball comp. telpegiňi göge zyňmak thresh çekmek1 12 [çekmek] v to thresh, mill throw_out çykarmak2 cf: çykarylmak. throw_out {e.g. grain} comp. ah çekmek comp. ahmyr thrust çümdürmek v to çekmek comp. aýak çekmek comp. ejir çekmek thrust/plunge/drive/stick (something into) comp. el çekmek comp. gam çekmek comp. eliňe iňňe çümdürmek to stick a needle in your hasrat çekmek comp. hor çekmek comp. jeza hand kürüşgäni suwa çümdürmek çekmek comp. keýp çekmek comp. kynçylyk thrust_oneself urmak 8 v to thrust oneself Ol çekmek comp. nala çekmek comp. ýüzüne özüni sowuk suwa urdy. Ol özüni tokaýa urdy. Ol atanak çekmek comp. zähmet çekmek comp. gaharyna özini niräk urjagyny bilmedi. comp. zyýan çekmek agyz urmak (dişlemek) comp. azm urmak thresher döwekçi n thresher comp. hars urmak comp. Hudaý ursun! (şert threshing döwek n threshing döwek wagty etmek) comp. kök urmak comp. nyşanadan harvest time döwek döwmek to thresh döwek urdy comp. özüňi oda urmak (özüňi kyn döwýän gural threshing sledge ýagdaýa salmak) comp. reňk urmak comp. sowuk urmak comp. urup açmak comp. urup threshold bosaga n threshold Türkmenlerde aglamak (özüň ýamanlyk edip,ýene özüňi ejiz bosagada oturlsa halananok. Bosagadan görkezmek) comp. ýama urmak (ýamamak) ätlemänkäm süýji naharyň isini aldym. thump urmak 3 v to thump Güjük eýesiniň ýüzüne Girls went out into the steppe and tied up seredip, guýrujagy bilen ýere urýardy. comp. agyz bouquets of beautiful flowers. Gözbagçy urmak (dişlemek) comp. azm urmak comp. hars tomaşaçylaryň gözüni baglap, oýun görkezdi. The urmak comp. Hudaý ursun! (şert etmek) comp. hypnotist tied up the spectator's eyes and kök urmak comp. nyşanadan urdy comp. özüňi demonstrated a trick. comp. bil bagla comp. oda urmak (özüňi kyn ýagdaýa salmak) comp. ýüregiňi baglamak ; daňynmak v to tie reňk urmak comp. sowuk urmak comp. urup (something with), bind (something round) Ol açmak comp. urup aglamak (özüň ýamanlyk boýnuna ýaglyk daňyndy. He tied a scarf round edip,ýene özüňi ejiz görkezmek) comp. ýama his neck.; galstuk ['galstuk] n (neck)tie galstuk urmak (ýamamak) dakynmak to wear a necktie; örk n tie, lead, thunder gübürdemek v to thunder Gök leash, tether örküni üýtgetmek to move the gübürdeýär. It is thundering.; gübürdi n tether rope comp. ýerden örküňi üzmek ; thunder; güpürdemek v to thunder, roar örklemek v to tie, tether sygyry örklemek to Asman güpürdeýär. The sky is thundering.; tether a cow gürrüldili adj thunder, thunderous, stormy, tied daňylmak 1 v to be tied , be tied up, be wild gürrüldili el çarpyşmalar wild applause, bound, be done Galstuk gowşak daňypdar. The loud cheers necktie is tied loosely. elleri arkasyna daňlan Thursday penşenbe n Thursday penşenbe güni on ýesirler prisoners with their hands tied behind Thursday {literary} their backs ticket bilet 1 [bi'let] n ticket çaga bileti children's tiger gaplaň 1 n tiger {striped}; peleň n tiger ticket Bilet kassasynda nobata birinji durdum. I urkaçy peleň tigress peleň çagasy tiger cub

was in first place in the queue at the ticket peleňiň derisi tiger-skin; tigr1 tiger office. tight dar 4 [da:r] adj tight, cramped Häzir ýaşlar ticket_collector barlagçy 2 [ba:rlagçy] n ticket örän dar eşik geýýärler. Young people today collector Teatra girmezden öň barlagçy bilediňi wear very tight clothes. barlaýar. Before you go into the theatre the tighten burmak 1 v to turn right off, turn tight, ticket collector checks your ticket. tighten, screw up nurbady burmak to tighten a tickle gyjyklamak v to tickle nut; büzmek v to tighten, tie up Tikin maşynym büzip tikýa diýip ussa görkezdim. Gyzyma agzy tidy arassa 3 adj tidy büzilýan bukja tikdim. Köýnegimiň etegini tie bagjyk [ba:gjyk] n tie, strap Çagalar bagynda büzmek-büzmek edip tikdim. çagalara köwüşiň bagjygyny daňmagy till kassa 1 ['kassa] cf: gazna. n till, cash register, öwredýärler. In a nursery school they teach cash desk, check-out, cashier, cash box kassa children how to tie their shoe laces.; baglamak tölemek to pay at the cash desk jerime döwlet 1 [ba:glamak] v to tie Çapyksuwar atyň eýerini kassasynda tölemeli the fine needs to be paid at berk baglap münýär. Jockeys tie the horse's a state cash desk [(usually located in a post saddle on tight and then mount. Sürüden gelen office or state-run bank)] comp. amanat kassa sygyrlary gijesine gazyga baglaýarlar. Cows that come in from the herd are tied to a post at time çag 1 [ça:g] n time agşam/ertir/günorta çagy night. Balykçylar tutan balygyny tora salyp, ýüp evening/morning/afternoon ýigitlik çagy during bilen agzyny baglap, suwda saklaýarlar. Fish [one's] youth; çak 3 n a certain time bimahal caught by fishermen are put in a net in the çak an unexpected time comp. çakdan çykmak ; water with the mouth tied up by string. Gyzlar döwür 3 n time, period meniň ýaşlyk döwrüm sähra çykyp, owadan güllerden çemen bagladylar. when I was young Meniň okuwçy döwürim mugallymdan otdan gorkan ýaly gorkýardyk. Bu days.; mertebe 3 n times köp mertebe several babam döwründe bolan zat. comp. atam döwüri ; times gabatlamak 1 v to time something to coincide timetable raspisaniýe [raspi'saniýe] cf: reje. n (with), arrange (something for) baýramçylyga timetable, schedule sapaklaryň raspisaniýesi gabatlamak to arrange something for the class time-table raspisaniýe boýunça according holiday Men dagy gabatlap ugradym. I started to to the time-table/schedule Otly raspisaniýe walk next to the mountain. ; gezek 1 cf: boýunça barýar. The train is running to time. gezekki. n time, occasion ber zady her gezek tin ak demir (comp. of ak) tin aýdyp durmak to say each thing every time on tinker galaýyçy [gala:ýyçy] n tinker, tinsmith, gezek ten times; mahal 2 n time günde üç blacksmith mahalyna three times a day; maý1 [ma:ý] n tinned_goods konserw n tinned_goods balyk time, moment maý tapmak to have time maý konserwasy tinned fish tapsam bararyn If I have time I'll go.; sagat1 2 [sa:gat] n time sagat näçe? what time is it? tint öwşün n tint, play of colours; shine öwşün atmak to be iridescent; to shine; öwüşgin n sagat bäş It is five (o'clock); sapar2 n time, occasion bu sapar this time birnäçe sapar several tint, hue, tinge, nuance, shade; shine öwüşgin times Gözeli meniň birinji sapar gördüm It's the atmak to be iridescent; to shine first time I've seen Gozel; wagt n time şu tiny uşak 1 adj tiny, small Meniň uşaklam çagalar wagtlar these days boş wagt free time iş wagty bagyndan entet gelenoklar. Men çagalar bagynda working hours şu wagt now, at the moment, işlämde uşak çagalar bilen işläp başladym. Men currently wagtynda on time, at the appropriate kiçi çagakam doganlarym meni uşak hasaplap time wagtynda gelmek to come in time kabul oýunlaryna oýnadanokdylar. comp. uşak-düşek ediş wagty reception hours, calling hours ýajkyn tired argyn [a:rgyn] adj tired, worn out argyn wagtda in the near future öňki wagtda in the old görünmek to look tired; bizar [bi:za:r] adj be days hemme wagt all the time, continually tired, be fed up Hapisa goňşymdan bizar boldym. wagtyndan öň prematurely wagt geçirmek to Tiziräk howa ýylaýmasa, sowykdan bizar boldym. spend time comp. bir wagtda comp. hiç wagt Keselimden açylanyma begenýarin.; ýadaw 1 comp. wagt bermek comp. wagt tapmak ; [ýa:daw] adj tired, weary Pagta ýygyp, ýadaw wagtlyk adv time birnäçe wagtlyk for some time gyz, çaý başyna oturdy. Ýükli ýadaw eşek, haýal uzak wagtlyk for a long time; ýer 8 n time, ýöräp barýar. Utan sportsmen ýadaw bolsada moment comp. ýer almasy comp. ýer hoz comp. örän şatdy. ýadaw keşp tired appearance ýer tudana comp. ýerine comp. ýerine tiredness argynlyk [a:rgynlyk] n tiredness, ýetirmek ; zaman 2 [zama:n] n time her zaman fatigue argynlyk duýmak to feel relaxed each time tireless irginsiz [i:rginsiz] adj tireless, time_period zaman 1 [zama:n] n age, epoch, era; indefatigable, unwearying irginsiz işlemek to time, period gadym zamanda in old/ancient work tirelessly/untiringly irginsiz gürlemek to times häzirki zaman current speak unceasingly; ýadawsyz [ýa:dawsyz] adj timed gezekki cf: gezek. adj timed tireless, indefatigable, unwearying ýadawsyz times esse 1 adv times Ol menden iki esse köp zähmet çekmek to work tirelessly/indefatigably işledi. He worked twice as much as me.; kerem to ýaňa 1 [ýaňa:] post to Ol bir ýaňa gitdi. He n times ýüz kerem a hundred times Biz bagtly went somewhere. günümiz üçin Hudaýa müň kerem alkyş aýdýarys. to_be bar bolmak (comp. of bar) to be, to have We praise God a thousand times for our happy Bu dünýäde bar bolmak ýa bar bolmamak... To be or not to be (in this world)... [fi:bar toil der saçmak (comp. of saçmak) v to toil; jepa fi:bolmak -- original form of the verb fi:bar] 2 [jepa:] n toil, burden, compulsion; zähmet to_do_what nätmek v to do what; How should it çekmek (comp. of çekmek1) to work hard, to be done? Ýeri, onsoň nätdiň? So then what did toil; to suffer you do? nätmek gerek? toilet hajathana 1 [ha:jatha:na] n lavatory, to_go_wrong döw çalmak (comp. of döw) for toilet, latrine {Brit} something to go wrong Saňa näme döw çaldy? token žeton [že'ton] n token, counter Disneýe What is the matter with you? gidenimizde, biz on sany žeton satyn aldyk. When tobacco nas n chewing tobacco nas atmak to we go to the Disney we bought ten token. chew fv:nas [smokeless tobacco often including tomato pomidor [pomi'dor] n tomato pomidor ash, tar, and rumoured to have pigeon suwy tomato juice; tomat 1 [to'mat] n tomato droppings] tomato_paste tomat 3 [to'mat] n tomato paste toe barmak2 2 n toe Gelinbarmak üzimi, süýji {Amer} sortlaň birisi. Gelenbarmak grapes are one kind tomato_purée tomat 2 [to'mat] n tomato purée of sweet grape. Palaw bişireňde bürünjiň üstüne {Brit} guýmaly suwuň ölçegi iki barmak ýaly bolmaly. tomb mazar [maza:r] n tomb, grave [Can be a When you cook pilau the amount of water you building erected to the memory of someone, add should be two fingers width above the rice. and containing their grave. Pilgrims visit it to {anatomy} comp. On barmagy hünärli. ; burun say their prayers.] 3 n toe, front end of the shoe Gyzym ilki ýöräp tomorrow erte cf: ertir. adv tomorrow say. Bu başlanda aýagyň burnynda ýöredi. When my günki işi ertä goýma comp. erte-birigün ; ertir daughter first started walking she walked on 1 [erti:r] cf: erte. adv tomorrow ertirki her toes. Aýagymyň burnyna büdüräp, başam tomorrow's Men ertir duşyşyga barjak. I will barmagymy agyrtdym. comp. burnundan aňryny come to the meeting tomorrow. görmezlik comp. burnundan gelmek comp. tomorrow's erteki n tomorrow's, on the morrow, burnuňy uzatmak comp. burny deşilen ýaly 2 tomorrow erteki gün näme boljagy belli däl. It is bolmak comp. burun deşigi say. Gaharyň gelse, not known what will happen tomorrow.; burnuňy dişle comp. iki eliňi burnuňa sokup ertirki 1 [erti:rki] adj tomorrow's, the next gelmek day's ertirki gün tomorrow ertirki nesil together bile adj together, with ton tonna ['tonna] n a metric ton (1000 (accompaniment), along with Oraz onuň bilen kilograms) bile okapdyr. Oraz studied with him. Zawoda işe girmäge dostum bilen bile bardym. I went with a tone labyz 1 n tone, timber, intonation ýakymly friend to join the factory.; bilelikde adv labyz pleasant tone Onuň labyzy nähili? What is together, in common, jointly, in conference its tone like?

bilelikde öndürilýän önüm common produce tongue dil1 1 n the tongue Jigim maňa dilini Klasdaşlar bilen bilelikde çeken şekilimiz ýaryşda çykaryp gaharymy getirýär. My little brother birinji ýer aldy. The image I drew with other makes me angry by sticking out his tongue. class-mates gained first place in the sygryň dilinden taýýarlanan nahar the dish is competition.; birlikde adv together, jointly prepared from cow's tongue Gyzgyn çaýy güýç birlikde; tirkeşmek v to be together, go owurtlap dilimi bişirdim. I scalded my tongue by together Ol ikisi bile tirkeşmek gitdiler. The two sipping hot tea. Meniň dilime kiçijik ýara çykdy. of them walked on together. A small sore has appeared on my tongue. comp. begin to speak, learn to speak comp. dil combs, large-toothed and small-toothed. çarhyň aýratynlyklary comp. dil birikdirmek comp. dil dişi the teeth of a cog dişiňi gyjamak grit your bitmek comp. dil çolaşmak comp. dil haty teeth. dişiňi gysmak to be silent Köp geplemede comp. dil öwrenmek comp. dil öwrülmezlik dişiňi gysyp otur. Don’t talk so much but keep comp. dil tutulmak comp. dil ujundan comp. quiet. dişiň ötmez unable to affect dişiňi dökmek dil ýarmak comp. dil ýetirmek comp. dil the losing of teeth Çagalar ene-atasynyň diýenini ýygnamak comp. dilden-agyzdan gal comp. etmän dişlerini dökdüler. Because the children dilden-dile comp. dile baý comp. dile düşgür did not obey their parents, they made their comp. dile garyp comp. dile-agza düşmek parent's teeth fall out. dişiňi çarhlamak to comp. dili agyr comp. dili barmazlyk comp. dili punish Kakamyň saňa gahary gelip dişini çarhlap gysgalyk comp. dili süýji comp. dili ýuwutmak ýör. My father is angry with you and is going to comp. dilim aýlananok comp. diliňden punish you. dişiňi bejertmek to have dental sypdyrmak treatment dişiňi sogurtmak to extract a tooth too aşa [a:şa] adj too much aşa köp gürlemek to dişiň kirini açmak to eat something Uzakly gün laugh too much; çakdanaşa [çakdana:şa] cf: dişimiň kirini açmadym,oturyp indi nahar iýeýin. I çendenaşa. adj too much, too, excessive; so did not eat anything for whole day, so now let çakdanaşa köp ulanmak to over-use çakdanaşa me sit and eat something. diş-dyrnak bolmak to köp işlemek to work too much Men çakdanaşa try with all one’s power/strength diş arasyndan begendim. I was so excited! syzdyrmak to talk through gritted teeth. Gepleşesi gelmän iki sözi zordan diş arasyndan too_much bijaý2 2 [bi:ja:ý] adv too much, syzdyrdy. He did not want to talk and spoke excessive; excessively, very, over- Günüň only two words through gritted teeth. Gaharym dowamynda on bäş sagat işlemek bijaý kän. To gelse-de, entek dişimi gyjap ýörin. I gritted my work fifteen hours a day is too much. Bişiren teeth because I was angry. Bu işlere seniň dişiň naharymy bijaý duzlapdyryn. I put too much salt ötmez, güýjüň ýetmeýär. You are not strong in my cooking. Gunçanyň işleýişine Serdar bijaý enough to affect to these events. Şu günki işimi öýkündi. Serdar really wanted to imitate hem gowy etjek bolup, hem gutarjak bolup, diş- Guncha's work. dyrnak boldum. I tried with all my strength to tool gural [gura:l] n tool, instrument saz gurallary do well and to finish my day’s work. dişden- musical instruments (sem. domains: 4.2.3 - dyrnaga çenli ýaraglanmak to arm to the teeth Music.); senet 2 n tool, tools dokmaçynyň Garakçylar dişden-dyrnaklaryna çenli ýaraglanan senetleri tools of a carpet-maker, carpet-maker's kerwene çozdular. Bandits attacked the caravan tools which was armed to the teeth. tooth diş [di:ş] n tooth, teeth alyn dişler front toothed dişli [di:şli] adj toothed, having teeth teeth Çaga diş çykdy. The child's tooth has gyzyl dişli adam a person with gold teeth dişli fallen out. Dişimde deşik bolup agyrysyna çarh cog Nirede sen meniň uzyn saçly, hünji dişli çydaman lukmana gitdim. I went to the dentist söýgülim? Where are you my lovely girl with because I could not bear the pain caused by the the long hair and a glass bead tooth? cavity in my tooth . byçgynyň dişi the tooth of a Mamamyň garrap dişleri dökülip indi protez dişli. saw (for cutting wood) Uly agajy uly dişli byçgy My grandmother lost her teeth because of her bilen kesdik. We cut down the big tree with a age and now she has dentures. Haýwanat large-toothed saw. daragyň dişi the teeth of a bagynda uly dişli krokodil gördik. We saw a comb Dellekçiň her-hilli daraklary bar, maýda large-toothed crocodile at the zoo. dişli hem iri dişli. A barber has all kinds of toothpick dişsynçgar [di:şsynçga:r] n toothpick plant ynjyk bolmak to be touchy ynjyk waka top depe 2 n top, summit, depe süňki skull depe delicate situation saçy üýşmek to be frightened /terrified Depe tour gidişlik n group travel, package tour, trip, saçym üýşüp gitdi. I was so frightened, my hair outing öňe gidişlik headway, advance, progress; stood on end. {anatomy} ýöriş 3 [ýöri:ş] n walking tour, hike torment azap 1 [aza:p] n torment, torture tourism jahankeşdelik 1 cf: turizm. n tourism; Azapsyz ýeňiş ýok. No pain, no gain. azap turizm [tu'rizm] cf: jahankeşdelik. n tourism çekmek to suffer comp. azap çekdirmek ; ezýet tourist turist [tu'rist] cf: jahankeşde. n tourist n torment, torture, anguish ezýet bermek to towards baka [baka] post towards, in the torment, harass ezýet çekmek to suffer; görgi n direction of Gyz öýlerine baka ylgady. The girl torment, torture, pangs açlyk görgüsi torment of ran in the direction of her house.; bakan hunger görgi görkezmek to make someone suffer, [bakan] post towards, in the direction of Gyz to torture, torment öýlerine bakan ylgady. The girl ran in the torn üzük 1 n torn out, broken, cut gara öýüň direction of her house. üzügi (öýüň üstüni örtýän keçe) comp. biziň towel polotense [polo'tense] cf: desmal. n towel ondan tamamyz üzükdi polotense bilen süpürmek wipe or dry with a tortoise pyşbaga [pyşba:ga] n tortoise towel torture azap çekdirmek (comp. of azap) to toy jäjek 1 n toy, plaything Ol çagasyna her dürli torture to make someone suffer; ejir n torture, jäjekler satyn aldy. She bought different kinds of torment, pangs ejir çekmek to suffer agyrydan toys for her child. Indi toýlarda jäjek seçmek ejir çekmek to be racked with pain ; gynamak adat boldy. Now it has become the custom to [gy:namak] v to torture, torment, put on the give out favours at weddings. {colloq}; rack (idiom) oýnawaç [oýnawa:ç] n toy oýnawaç dükany totally büs-bütin [büs-büti:n] cf: bütinleý. adv toyshop oýnawaç tüpeň toy-rifle comp. oýnawaç totally Çagany ogullyk alaňda büs-bütin hemme ýaly ; oýunjak 1 n toy taraplaýyn öz üstiňe almaly. Dört ýyl görmedik trace galyndy 2 [ga:lyndy] n trace, survival, şäherim büs-bütin gowy tarapa uýtgäpdir. vestige kapitalizmiň galyndysy traces of touch ellemek v to touch Hapa eliň bilen çagany capitalism; jinnek n trace, grain, speck, elleme! Don't touch the child with your dirty fragment, atom Onuň jinnek ýaly hem günäsi hands!; galtaşmak v to touch, come into ýok. There isn't an atom of guilt in him. contact (with) Biziň olar bilen galtaşygymyz bar. track çalmak 5 v to track, trace, follow, trail yz We are in contact with them.; ýalamak 2 v to çalmak to track (somebody's footprints) comp. touch slightly ok onuň kellesini ýalap geçdi the arkasyny çalmak ; yz 1 [y:z] n track aýak yzy bullet touched his head slightly; ýanaşmak 1 footprint, footstep barmak yzy finger-print yz [ýa:naşmak] v to touch Maňa ýanaşma! Don't galdyrmak to leave tracks yz yzarlamak to trace, touch me! track, follow the track (of) yzyna düşmek to touch_on gozgamak 2 [go:zgamak] v to touch follow comp. yzly-yzyna comp. yzyna it salyp on, raise mesele gozgamak to touch on a kowmak comp. yzyňa ýel çalmanka gaýtmak ; subject/question comp. Derdini gozgama. yzarlamak 1 [y:zarlamak] v to track, trace touchy ynjyk n touchy, susceptible (to offence), ýyrtyjyny yzarlamak to follow the track of a sensitive, tender, affectionate ynjyk adam beast {footprints, tracks, information} touchy/sensitive person ynjyk ösümlik tender tracker yzçy [y:zçy] n tracker, pathfinder yzçy it trainer seýis n trainer [person who tracker dog, bloodhound trains/prepares horses for the races] {horses} tractor traktor ['traktor] n tractor training terbiýe n training , upbringing, trade aluw-satuw n trade, commerce, buying and education; discipline, correction terbiýe bermek selling; senet 1 n trade, handicraft senet to train, bring up, teach; to correct; tälim n öwrenmek to learn a trade; söwda [söwda:] n training; instruction; türgenleşik v practice, trade, commerce söwda merkezi shopping centre training fi:US (shopping) mall traitor dönük [dö:nük] n traitor, betrayer watan trader söwdagär [söwda:gär] n trader, merchant, dönügi enemy of the state Sen beren wadaňy tradesman, profiteer unutdyň,sen dönük. You forgot your promise, you traitor. Uruşda dönükleri atýardylar. tradesman peýdakeş [peýda:keş] n second-hand Traitors were shot in the war.; haýyn [ha:ýyn] dealer, tradesman, huckster n hypocrite, traitor, betrayer tradition adat 1 [a:dat] n tradition, custom tramp sergezdan [sergezda:n] n wanderer, Türkmenlerde ulyny sylamak adaty bar. Respect tramp; ykmanda [y:kmanda] n wanderer, is an important Turkmen tradition. comp. tramp adatdan daşary ; däp-dessur [däp-dessu:r] n tradition, custom; urp tradition comp. urp- trample dabalamak [da:balamak] v to trample adat (by a camel); depelemek v to tread, crush with feet, run over, trample; depgilemek 2 v to traditions urp-adat [urp-a:dat] (comp. of urp) n trample, crush oty depgilemek to flatten the traditions, customs Goňşyokara türkmenlerde grass ýeri depgilemek well trodden bedäni gadymdan gelýan urp-adatdyr. depgilemek to trample the hay palçygy traffic gatnaw 1 n traffic köçe gatnawy street depgilemek to trample the clay/mud adam traffic demir ýol gatnawy railway traffic; hukuklaryny depgilemek to trample on/abuse hereket 2 n traffic bir taraplaýyn hereket one- human rights way traffic köçe hereketiniň düzgünleri traffic tranquility ynjalyklylyk [y:njalyklylyk] n regulations tranquillity, calmness train baş öwretmek (comp. of baş) to train (an transfer geçirmek 1 v to move something, animal); berkitmek 3 v to train öwrenje ýaşlary transfer something bir ýerden başga ýere ussalara berkitmek for young trainees to be geçirmek to move/transfer from one place to given to a craftsman for training; otly2 [o:tly] n another comp. başdan geçirmek comp. biri- train otly bilen gitmek to go by train tiz otly fast 2 birinden geçirmek comp. bokurdakdan train; öwrenişdirmek cf: öwrenişmek. v to geçirmek comp. durmuşa geçirmek comp. train; to accustom (to), get them used (to) geçirýän işlikler comp. gözden geçirmek comp. tertip-düzgüne öwrenişdirmek to train somebody itden geçirmek ; geçirtmek 1 v to have to be orderly ir turmaga öwrenişdirmek to get something transferred Men işimi başga ýere somebody used to getting up early; seýislemek geçirtdim. I have my work transferred into 1 v to train, prepare aty seýislemek to another place. train/prepare a horse for the races; şugur n train; taýýarlamak 2 [taýýa:rlamak] v to train; transferred geçirilmek 1 v to be terbiýelemek v to train, teach, bring up well; transferred/carried somewhere else türgenleşdirmek v to train translate geçirmek 6 v to translate türkmen dilinden iňlis diline geçirmek to translate from Turkmen into English comp. başdan geçirmek2 country. watana dönüklik high treason comp. biri-birinden geçirmek comp. treasure genji-hazyna [genji-hazy:na] cf: genç; bokurdakdan geçirmek comp. durmuşa hazyna. n treasure geçirmek comp. geçirýän işlikler comp. gözden treasurer gaznaçy 1 cf: kassaçy. n treasurer; geçirmek comp. itden geçirmek ; terjime hazynaçy [hazy:naçy] n treasurer, bursar etmek v to translate, interpret treasury gazna cf: kassa. n treasury, exchequer translation terjime n translation, interpretation döwlet gaznasy state treasury; hazyna [hazy:na] translator terjimeçi n translator, interpreter n treasury, treasurehouse (lit. and fig.) hazyna transport çekdirmek 3 v to transport, carry tapmak to find treasure hazynada saklamak to maşynda kerpiç çekdirmek to transport bricks by keep in a treasury lorry; ulag n transport Şäherden daşyrak treat dadyrmak 1 [da:dyrmak] v to treat ýaşamsoň işe gabat gelen ulagda gidýarin. someone (to) ýoldaşyňa dadyrmak to treat one's trap duzak n snare, trap duzaga düşmek to be friend (to) Täze ýetişen miwäni ilki çagalara trapped, be entrapped duzaga düşürmek to dadyrmaly. Fresh fruit should be given to the ensnare, entrap guş tutmak üçin duzak gurmak children as treats.; daraşmak v to treat, behave To make a trap to catch a bird. Ol ahyry duzaga towards someone ýowuz daraşmak to treat düşdi. He was trapped at the end. duzaga someone severely

salmak to entrap duzak gurmak to make a trap; treated garalmak1 v to be treated, be regarded

gapan1 n trap gapana düşmek to fall into a trap sowuk-sala garalmak to be treated carelessly Şu gapan gurmak to lay a trap; gorp n trap, pit günki mejlisde bäş meselä garaldy. Five problems gorpa ýykylmak to fall into a trap was discussed in this council. Bu işe öň trash_can bedre 3 n trash can {Amer} garalypdy. This work was treated before. traveller jahankeşde 1 cf: turist. n traveller, treats naz-nygmat [na:z-nygmat] n all kinds of tourist Magtymguly jahankeşde adam bolupdyr. tasty treats Magtymguly was a traveller.; ötegçi n traveller; treaty ylalaşyk 3 [yla:laşyk] n treaty {political} syýahatçy [syýa:hatçy] n traveller tree agaç 1 n tree miweli we miwesiz agaç fruit and travelling jahankeşdelik 2 cf: turizm. n non-fruit trees comp. agajetli comp. telefon travelling, touring jahankeşdelik etmek to travel agajy ; bag 2 [ba:g] n tree comp. çagalar bagy ; traverse sökmek 2 [sö:kmek] v traverse, cross daragt n tree nesil daragty family tree {literary} köp ýol sökdim I've crossed many roads tremble galpyldamak v to tremble; sandyramak tray tabak 2 [ta:bak] n tray v to tremble, shiver, shake, quiver bütin tread basmak 1 v to tread Aýak basmak üçin endamyň bilen sandyramak to tremble all over basgançak gurnadyk. We made steps to tread on. trembling sandyrawuk adj trembling, shivering, say. Ody öziňe bas-ötmese kesekä comp. tremulous sandyrawuk ses tremulous voice ýüzüne basmak trend akym 3 n trend tread_on basgylamak v to tread (on) triangle üçburçluk n triangle göni burçly treason dönüklik [dö:nüklik] n treason, üçburçluk right-angled triangle ýiti burçly treachery, faithlessness, betrayal dönüklik etmek üçburçluk acute-angled triangle {mathematics} to betray, be false Dostuňa dönüklik etmek öz tribe taýpa [ta:ýpa] n tribe, people group Teke namysyňy basgylamakdyr. To betray to your taýpa içinde köp tire bar the Teke tribe has many friend means to humiliate yourself. Ol clans within it; tire-taýpa n tribe watanyna dönüklik etdi. He betrayed his trim jähek n edging, trim (on clothing), border, hesip comp. hak-hukuk comp. hak-hukukly hem Donuň owadan jähegi bar. The robe has comp. hakyny alyp bermek comp. hakyňy beatiful trim. gidermek ; rast [ra:st] adj true rast aýtmak to trip gezelenç 1 n trip, tour, walk gezelenje gitmek tell the truth; to be true seniň aýdýanlaryň rast to go for a ride, travel, go for a trip, go for a what you said is true walk; to go as a tourist gezelenje çykmak to go truly dogrudan - rightly, really, in fact, in truth, outside just for the sake of it gezelenç etmek to truly Ol dogrudan hem syrkaw. He really is ill. travel, go on a trip, have a walk Dogrudan-da seniň ýaňky aýdanlaryň çynmy? Is it trolleybus trolleýbus [trol'leýbus] n trolleybus really true what you just said? Dogrudanam, sen şu wagt Aşgabatdan gelip durşyňmy? Have you trouble azap 2 [aza:p] n trouble, pains Men really just come from Ashgabat? ; walla interj ondan köp azap gördüm. I have seen more truly!; really and truly! walla, men saňa näme suffering that s/he has. comp. azap çekdirmek ; diýjegimi bilmedim. walla, muny men saňa nädip azar 2 [aza:r] n trouble azara goýmak to give düşündireýin? someone a lot of trouble azara galmak don't trouble yourself comp. Onuň azaryna-da däl. ; trumpet surnaý [surna:ý] n trumpet sanjy 2 n trouble, anxiety sanjy bolup durmak to trunk sandaýak n trunk or chest with feet; give trouble, make anxious/uneasy {fig}; zat sandyk n trunk, box, chest [used to transport diýmek (comp. of zat) to touch, to disturb, to the bride's belongings to her new home when trouble she gets married, and often used in place of a trouble_maker bozgak n trouble-maker, rabble- wardrobe] rouser Biziň köçämizde bozgak oglan ýaşaýar. trust ygtybar [ygtyba:r] cf: ynam, ynanç. trust, Oýnap ýorkäk bozgak goňşymyz gelip barymyzy belief; ynanç cf: ynam, ygtybar. n trust, faith, sögişdirip goýdy. belief ynanç haty power of attorney; ynanmak troubled aladaly 1 adj troubled, anxious, worried 2 cf: ynandyrmak. v to trust söze ynanmak to aladaly adam restless person aladaly iş stressful take on trust Oňa ynanma. Don't trust him/her. work Ol öz aýalyna ynananok. He doesn't trust his wife. troublemaker dawaçyl [da:wa:çyl] cf: dawakeş. n troublemaker dawaçyl adam trust_one_another ynanyşmak to trust one rowdy/quarrelsome person; içigara 2 n another troublemaker, mischief maker, malefactor trustworthy ynamdar [ynamda:r] cf: ygtybarly, trough nowa 1 n drinking trough Guýynyň ynamly, ynançly. adj loyal, trustworthy, ýanynda mallar üçin nowa bar. Next to the well reliable; ynançly cf: ynamdar, ygtybarly, there is a drinking trough for the animals. ynamly. trustworthy, loyal trousers jalbar 1 n trousers Daýym maňa jalbar truth hak 1 n truth, veracity hak aýtmak to tell satyn aldy. My uncle bought me some trousers. the truth comp. hak-hesip comp. hak-hukuk {Brit} comp. hak-hukukly comp. hakyny alyp bermek comp. hakyňy gidermek ; hakykat 1 [haky:kat] trowel pilçe 1 [pi:lçe] n trowel, small spade n truth, veracity obýektiw hakykat objective true çyn adj true çyn delil çyn çöz a true word çyn truth hakykata ýetmek to arrive at the truth dost true friend çyn ýürekden with all one's hakykaty aýtmek to tell the truth Onuň gelmejegi heart çyna berimsiz çyna ýazdyrmak; hak 2 adj hakykat boldy. It was true that he will not true, right, correct Bu hak. It is true. Siziňki hak come. You are right. hak söz right word comp. hak- truthful hakykatçy [haky:katçy] adj truthful, turban selle n turban kelläňe selle oramak to wind upright, straightforward hakykatçy adam a turban round one's head upright man Turk türk 1 n A Turk truthfulness çynlyk 1 n truthfulness, veracity Turkestan türküstan Turkestan (sem. domains: try basmak 5 v to try say. Ody öziňe bas-ötmese 9.7.2.2 - Names of regions.) kesekä comp. ýüzüne basmak ; bolmak 6 v to Turkey Türkiýe n Turkey try, to be about to öldürjek bolmak to try to kill turkic türki n turkic türki dil Turkic language comp. Boldy! comp. Boljak! comp. bolmajysy Turkish türk 2 adj Turkish türk dili Turkish bolmak comp. Bolýar! comp. Indi boldy! ; (language); türkçe n in Turkish, Turkish dyrjaşmak v to try, attempt özüňi aklajak bolup Turkmen türkmen 2 adj Turkmen türkmen dili dyrjaşmak to try to justify oneself Kiçijik pişijek Turkmen, the Turkmen language (sem. uly agaja dyrmaşjak bolup dyrjaşýardy. The domains: 4.1.2 - Types of people.); türkmençe kitten was trying to climb the big tree. Göreşde n Turkmen ol arassa Türkmençe gepledi he spoke kakasyny ýeňjek bolup ogly dyrjaşýardy. The son Turkmen with a good accent was tryng to beat his father at wrestling. Eden işiňi gowy etjek bolup dyrjaşmaly. You must try Turkmen_traditions türkmençilik n Turkmen to do your work well. ; dyzamak 1 v to try, traditions Türkmençilikde myhmany duz-çörek attempt Uly daşy ýerinden süýşürjek bolup bilen garşy almaly it is a Turkmen tradition to dyzadym. I tried to move a big rock. meet people with bread and salt Brigadamyz öňde goýan meýilnamany wagtyndan Turkmenistan Türkmenistan [Türkmenista:n] n öň ýerine ýetirjek bolup dyzady. Our brigade Turkmenistan (sem. domains: 9.7.2.1 - Names tried to complete a plan early. Çagajyk of countries.) emedeklejek bolup öňe tarap dyzaýar. The baby turn agdarmak 1 [a:gdarmak] v to turn Gutap tries to crawl and moves forward.; bişireniňde iki tarapyna agdyrmaly. When you synanyşmak [sy:nanyşmak] v to try, attempt, cook gutap, you must turn them over.; undertake aýlanmak 3 v to turn Maşyn çatrykdan Tuesday sişenbe n Tuesday {literary} aýlandy. The car is turning the corner.; tug silkmek 3 v to tug (by) biriniň ýeňinden çöwürmek 1 v to turn something inside out silkmek to pull someone by the sleeve jübiňi çöwürmek to turn one's pocket inside out; gaýtarmak 3 v to turn sürini gaýtarmak to turn tulip çigildem n tulip; läle1 n wild tulip (plant) the flock jogap gaýtarmak to answer back el läle gül wild tulip (flower) al-elwan läle bright gaýtarmak to hit back; gezek 2 cf: gezekki. n red tulip turn Häzir seniň gezegiň. It is your turn now. tumour çiş1 2 [çi:ş] n tumour Onuň ýüzünde Seniň gezegiň hem geler. Your turn will also dümewden galan çiş bar. come.; öwrüm 1 n turn(ing), bend, curve birinji tune düzmek 2 cf: düzlük1. v to tune (musical öwrümden saga git go to the right from the first instrument) dutary düzmek to tune a dutar turning derýanyň öwrüminde at the bend of a Sökülgi duran gitarany düzüp bagşy saz çalyp river ýoluň öwrüminde at the turning of a road; başlady. After he tuned the guitar, the singer öwürmek 1 v to turn; to change yzyna began to sing a song. ; sazlamak 1 [sa:zlamak] öwürmek to turn back ýüzüňi öwürmek to avert v to tune dutary sazlamak to tune a dutar one's face, turn aside; to turn away (from), to tunnel tonnel n tunnel break (with), to forsake başga tarapa öwürmek to change direction comp. pikir öwürmek comp. ýüzüňi öwürmek ; pyrlanmak v to solmak rotate, revolve, turn Ýer öz okunyň daşyndan tutor halypa 1 [haly:pa] n tutor, master, teacher, pyrlanýar. The Earth turns on its axis.; guru sowulmak 1 v to turn sowul bela! sowul bela! twentieth ýigriminji twentieth ýigriminji ýyllar turn away misfortune!; ýazmak3 3 [ýa:zmak] the twentieth ýigriminji ýyllaryň başlarynda in cf: ýazdyrmak1, bahar. v to turn Ondan soň the early twenties ýigriminji sahypa page twenty gürrüň başga tarapa ýazdy. Then the twenty ýigrimi num twenty ýigrimi ýaşly oglan a conversation turned to another topic. young man of twenty turn_bitter ajamak [a:jamak] v to turn bitter, go twig şaha n stem, twig, branch off, turn sour, ferment Hamyr köp durup twilight alagaraňky [a:lagaraňky] adj twilight, ajapdyr. The dough stood so long it went sour. dusk, dawn; şam [şa:m] adv twilight; evening Yssyda galan miwe ajapdyr. In the heat, the meal, supper çöl wagşylaryna şam edip bermek to remaining fruit spoiled. give to wild animals as food turn_cold sowamak v to get cold, turn cold Howa twins ekiz n twins sowady. The weather has turned cold. twist burmak 2 v to twist, twirl, wind round elini turn_off beklemek 2 v to turn off ýoly beklemek to arkasyna burmak to twist one's arms behind his shut the road Ol gaz turbasyny bekledi. He back Stolyň aýagyny burmasaň, biraz wagtdan turned off the gas supply. comp. agyz bekle ; ýykylar. Tama nurbady burup ondan owadan öçürmek 1 cf: öçmek. v to turn off, switch off şekili asdym. Joramyň oýun bilen burup alan ýeri gazy öçürmek to turn off the gas çyrany öçürmek gögerip dur. Hojalygymyzda saklaýan gazymyzyň to turn off the light; söndürmek v to turn off, gaharyny getirseň çünki bilen burup alýar.; put out (fire), switch off towlamak v to twist, turn; tighten comp. turn_on açmak 4 v to turn on comp. agyz açmak boýun towlamak ; towlanmak v to twist, turn, (orazada nahar iýmek) comp. ara açmak comp. revolve göwün açmak comp. gürrüň açmak comp. ot twisted egri 2 cf: el. adj twisted, perverted Sen açmak ; işletmek 2 [i:şletmek] v to turn egri pikire eýerme. Don't follow twisted thinking. something on, to put into operation, start up comp. aýagyny egri basmak comp. egri oturyp, motory işletmek to start up an engine dogry gürleşmek/sözleşmek comp. eli egri turn_out eken v modal it turns out that, seems twister tupan 2 [tupa:n] n twister {Amer colloq}; that, apparently comp. Bir bar eken, bir ýok tüweleý 2 n twister {Amer colloq} eken . . . twitter saýramak v to twitter, sing (birdsong) turn_round aýlanmak 4 v to turn round Maşyn yzyna aýlandy. The car made a U-turn. Ol two iki num two Habary eşidip, begenjimizden ýaňa akylyna aýlandy. He has come back to his iki bolup bilmedik. When we heard this news, we senses. jumped with joy.; jüp 1 cf: jübüt. pair, team (of draft animals) {colloq} comp. jüpüne turn_to ýüzlenmek 2 v to turn to, appeal to Ol düşmek kömek sorap kime ýüzlenjegini bilmedi. She didn't know who to turn to for help. two_metre_measuring_stick atanak 2 n two metre measuring stick comp. atanak çekmek turn_yellow saralmak [sa:ralmak] v to turn comp. ýüzüne atanak çekmek golden or yellow gawunlar saralypdyr the melons have ripened (turned yellow) saralyp two_sided ikitaraplaýyn two-sided, biliteral görünmek to look ripe (yellow) comp. saralyp Türkmen-iňlis ikitaraplaýyn gepleşik geçirildi. Turkmen-English biliteral çonýersation was held. hili adam. He's that kind of person. (i.e. strange, two_year_old_goat erkeç n two-year-old goat; odd) her hili adamlar all sorts (of people)

castrated (male) goat typing peçat1 1 [pe'çat] cf: çap. n typing peçat type görnüş 1 cf: forma, galyp, standart, ülňi. etmek to type n kind, sort, type, version, variant, variation; tyre şina ['şina] n tyre hil 2 [hi:l] n kind, sort, type, character Ol bir

U u udder ýelin n udder as a term of respect for an older man]; daýy ugly betnyşan [betnyşa:n] adj ugly Maýa [da:ýy] n uncle {maternal}

betnyşan gyz bolsa-da, ýüregi ak. Even if Maya is uncomfortable bijaý1 1 [bi:ja:ý] adj an ugly girl, her heart is pure.; gelşiksiz 1 adj uncomfortable Ýassygym bijaý gaty bolany üçin ugly, unattractive, plain, ill-proportioned boýnumy agyrdýar. My back hurt a lot from an gelşiksiz ýigit unattractive boy/guy uncomfortably hard cushion.; oňaýsyz 1 adj ulama ulama [ulama:] n ulama [Muslim scholars uncomfortable oňaýsyz kreslo uncomfortable and ...] {religious} armchair; tagaşyksyz adj uncomfortable; ynjalyksyz 2 [y:njalyksyz] adj uncomfortable umbrella saýawan [sa:ýawa:n] n umbrella ynjalyksyz oturgyç uncomfortable chair umm neme Pronoun umm Neme, maňa seret! uncomfortably amatsyz 2 [a:matsyz] adv UN Birleşen Ýurtlar (comp. of BÝ) UN - the uncomfortably, inconveniently; bijaý1 5 United Nations [bi:ja:ý] adv uncomfortably, awkwardly Zalda unanimously biragyzdan adv unanimously maňa erbet orun düşdi, menem bijaý oturup, unanswered jogapsyz 1 [joga:psyz] adj boýnumy gyra ýaplamaly boldum. I ended up in a unanswered jogapsyz mesele an unsolved poor place in the sitting room, and sitting problem {mathematics} awkwardly, I had to bend my neck to one side. unash unaş [u:naş] n unash [a thick soup unconcerned gaýgysyz adj light-hearted, containing pasta (fi:US noodles), black-eyed unconcerned, happy-go-lucky, free gaýgysyz peas, and (usually) chilli] adam unconcerned/carefree person gaýgysyz unauthorised ygtyýarsyz 1 [ygtyýa:rsyz] adj ýaşamak to live unworried gaýgysyz pul harç unauthorised, without permission etmek to spend money unconcerned gaýgysyz unbelievable_event akyla sygmajak waka adam unworried man gaýgysyz gürlemek to (comp. of akyl) unbelievable event speak freely say. gaýgysyz gara suwda semrär unchangeable üýtgewsiz 1 adj unchangeable, unconscious beýhuş [beýhu:ş] adj unconscious not changeable; immutable, invariable Bu Meň çekip beýhuş bolýan adam aklyny ýitirýär. ybadathana bäş asyrlap üýtgewsiz saklanypdyr. Those who take hashihh lose consciousness. Bu köpri ýüz ýyldan bäri üýtgewsiz hyzmat edip uncultivated boz adj virgin, uncultivated Boz gelýär. ýerlerini agdarmak kyn. Biziň ýanymyzda boş uncle aga 3 [a:ga] n sir Sen oňa 'Myrat aga' ýatan boz meýdan bar. boz at diýmeli, ol senden uly. You need to call him undaunted gaýduwsyz adj undaunted, fearless, 'Myrat aga' because he is older than you. [used intrepid, staunch gaýduwsyz göreşiji staunch fighter misunderstand me. under ast post under stoluň astynda under the undoubtedly gümansyz [güma:nsyz] adv table; aşak 3 [aşa:k] post underneath, down undoubtedly, doubtless, beyond all question, Aşak tarapdan ýel öwüsýär. There's a draft Sen, gümansyz, mamla. There is no doubt that underneath. aşak seretmek to look down comp. you are right. aşakky (aşakdaky) comp. aýak aşagynda uneasy bikarar [bi:kara:r] adj uneasy, restless, under_cooked çig 1 [çi:g] adj under-cooked çig impatient; uneasily, restlessly, impatiently nahar çig suw Işden gijä galyp gelsem ejem bikarar bolup underdeveloped yzagalak underdeveloped garaşýar. If I get home late from work my mother waits restlessly. Meniň jigim bikarar, ol underneath aşak 1 [aşa:k] post below, under bir zada köp garaşyp bilenok. My younger sister Jaýyň aşagy ýumrulyp başlapdyr. The house is impatient, she finds it hard to wait. foundation is starting to deteriorate. comp. aşakky (aşakdaky) comp. aýak aşagynda uneducated ylymsyz adj uneducated, not educated undersized gyrymsy adj undersized, shortish, short gyrymsy ösümlik shrub gyrymsy agaçlar unemployed işsiz [i:şsiz] adj unemployed, jobless bushes işsiz bolmak to be unemployed, be out of work understand aňlamak [a:ňlamak] v to understand unemployment işsizlik n unemployment Daşary ; fathom, guess, make out; aňşyrmak ýurtlarda gün-günden işsizlik artýar. [a:ňşyrmak] v to understand, guess, make out; Unemployment is inçreasing in foreign

barmak1 3 v to succeed in understanding çountries day by day. comp. Bar, işiňe git! say. Çagyrylmadyk ýeriňe unexpected duýdansyz [duýda:nsyz] adj barma, çagyrlan ýeriňden galma ; baş unexpected, abrupt, sudden duýdansyzlyk bilen

çykarmak 1 (comp. of baş, çykarmak1) to unexpectedly, abruptly duýdansyz urgy an understand, make out; düşmek 7 cf: unexpected blow duýdansyz duşuşyk an düşünmek. v to understand, get Sen meniň unexpected meeting Duýdansyz berlen sowala aýdýan zatlaryma düşýärmiň? Do you jogap tapyp bilmedim. I could not come up with understand what I am saying? comp. abraýdan an answer to the surprise question. Habar gelip düşmek comp. aşa düşmek comp. aýagy duýdansyz gitmeli boldum. I had to leave after I düşmek comp. aýra düşmek comp. başy got a surprise message. Faşistler Sowet halkyna düşmek comp. çöke düşmek comp. ele düşmek duýdansyz çozdular. Fascists carried out a comp. gorka düşmek comp. haldan düşmek surprise attack on the Soviet people. comp. howsala düşmek comp. jaýyna düşmek unexpectedly tötänlik adv accidentally, comp. küýüne düşmek comp. ökjesine düşmek unexpectedly comp. ruhdan düşmek comp. salkyn düşmek unfaithful biwepa [bi:wepa:] adj unfaithful, comp. surata düşmek comp. tapdan düşmek disloyal, faithless Dostym söýgilisiniň comp. üstünden düşmek comp. yşka düşmek biwepalygyny bilip, onuň bilen arasyny açdy. say. comp. ýada düşmek comp. ýola düşmek comp. It wepaly, heleý biwepa ýürege düşmek ; düşünmek cf: düşmek. v to unfamiliar näbelet [nä:belet] adj unfamiliar understand, comprehend, grasp, know Daşary Meniň näbelet aýdymçym aýdym aýdýar. A singer ýurtlarda ýaşap görmeseň däplerine düşünmek I don't know is singing.; nätanyş adj kyn. It is difficult to comprehend the traditions unfamiliar, unknown nätanyş adam stranger Biz of foreign countries if you do not live there. öň nätanyşdyk. nätanyş köçe nätanyş şäher Men Sen meniň sözlerime nädogry düşünme. Do not Aşgabatde azaşdym, sewäby ul şaher maňa başartmady. Parliament was not able to unite nätanyş. I got lost in Ashgabat because it is a the parties over ecological issues.; bileleşmek large city unfamiliar to me. Meniň ejem, nätanys v to unite, join, combine Jaý guranymyzda adamdan süýje alma diýip maslahat biriýärdy. My doganlarymyz bilen bileleşip işledik. When I built mother told me not to take candy from a house with my brothers we worked together. strangers Hemmämiz bileleşip maşyny batgadan çykardyk. unfitness ýaramazlyk 2 n unfitness, uselessness, We all combined forces and pushed the car out ineligibility işe ýaramazlyk unfitness to the of the bog.; birleşdirmek v unite two parties, work bahalarymyň ýaramazlygy sebäpli join two parties together, combine; uniýersitete okuwa girip bilmedim as I had bad jebisleşmek v to unite, bring together, join two marks I couldn't enter the University things tightly together , to fix something firmly Halk gün-günden berk jebisleşýär. People dr unhappy bagtsyz adj unhappy, unfortunate closer together day by day. Uruşda ýogalan esgerleriň ene-atalary bagtsyz. The parents of soldiers who come back unity agzybirlik 2 [agzybi:rlik] n unity, deceased from the war are unhappy. Maýyp we unanimity, concord; birlik 1 n unity sport ýetimler öýündäki çagalar örän bagtsyz. Cripples guramalarynyň birligi pikir birligi say. Birlik and orphans who live at home are very Hudaýa ýagşy unfortunate. bagtsyz bolmak to be unhappy universal ählumumy [ählumu:my] adj universal, 1948-nji ýyldaky ýer titremesi Türkmenistan üçin general ählumumy saýlaw hukugy universal iň bagtsyz ýyl boldy. The earthquake which suffrage

occurred in 1948 made it the most unfortunate universe älem-jahan2 [ä:lem-jahan] (comp. of year for Turkmenistan. bagtsyz etmek to make älem) n universe unhappy; bagtygara adj unhappy, unlucky; university uniwersitet [uniwersi'tet] n university närazy [nära:zy] adj unhappy, displeased, unjust adalatsyz [ada:latsyz] adj unjust, unfair dissatisfied, not satisfied Men senden närazy I unkind mähirsiz adj unkind, reserved, unfriendly am not happy with you. mähirsiz garaýyş unfriendly look unharmed aman 2 [ama:n] adv unharmed, safe, unknown näbelli adj not well-known, unknown, healthy aman ýaşamak to live in peace and unheard of; uncertain näbelli ada unknown safety island näbelli şahyr onuň haçan geljegi näbelli no uninformed bihabar [bi:habar] adj uninformed, one knows when he will come comp. eýesi ill-informed, unaware (of) dünýäden bihabar näbelli sözlem bolmak to be unaware of what is going on unleavened_bread petir [peti:r] n unleavened around the world bihabar galmak not be bread ne hamyr, ne petir neither fish, nor fowl informed Täze kanun çykanyndan men bihabar. (sem. domains: 3.5.4.2 - Saying, proverb.) I'm not aware of the new law. comp. petir bezelen ýaly bolmak uninteresting keýpsiz 2 adj uninteresting keýpsiz unlimited çäksiz adj unlimited, unrestricted, oýun an uninteresting game unbounded, limitless, infinite Çaga bolan çäksiz union bileleşik n union, association Çeperçilik söýgi; ölçegsiz 1 adj unlimited, limitless, bileleşigi açyldy. An artists union has started up.; without limit, unrestricted bir zady ölçegsiz birleşik n union, society, association, alliance ulanmak to use something without limit; unite agyz birikdirmek (comp. of agyz) to make tükeniksiz n unlimited an alliance, to unite Ekologiýa barada Parlamentdäki partiýalara agyz birikdirmek unload düşürmek 2 v to unload, discharge, get çekmek

off ýük düşürmek to unload Traktoryň unreliability ymykly1 1 n unreliability, teležkasyndan gawun-garpyz düşürdik. We untrustworthiness unloaded melons and water-melons from the unsalted duzy gaçan (comp. of duz) adj unsalted trailer of the tractor. comp. ele düşmek Duzy gaçan gürrüň aýtmada,t äzeliklerden habar unlucky betbagt adj unlucky, bad Meniň ber. Do not tell us boring things, but give us durmuşymda iň betbagt gün, ejemiň ýogalan güni. real news. The worst day in my life was the day my unskilled hünärsiz adj without a profession, mother died.; şowsuz adj unlucky unskilled unmarried boý 3 n unmarried boý gyz unmarried unsociable garasöýmez adj unsociable woman; virgin comp. ömür boýy comp. ýyl garasöýmez adam unsociable person boýy ; ärsiz (comp. of är) adj not married, unstable durnuksyz adj unstable, unsteady unmarried [without a husband] {f} unstick goparmak 1 v to unstick, take off unnecessary artykmaç 1 n unnecessary, extra; until çenli post by, before, to, until sagat sekizä free artykmaç orun free place comp. artykmaç çenli by six o'clock Aşgabada çenli to Ashgabat, gürrüň ; gereksiz cf: gerekmejek. adj as far as Ashgabat; tä particle until ertirden tä unnecessary, unwanted gereksiz zatlar agşama çenli from morning right up to evening unnecessary things gereksiz depder; nähak 2 adj tä men gelýänçäm garaş wait for me until the without any reason, unnecessary Inim, sen moment I come back [used for emphasis, is nähak azar galýarňyň! Little bro, you are redundant in all examples below] putting yourself out for no reason! comp. nähak gan dökmek comp. nähak gürrüň unusual aýratyn 1 [aýraty:n] adj particular, special, unusual aýratyn saýlanmak to stand out; unpleasant agyr 5 adj unpleasant Çygly tamda üýtgeşik 2 adj unusual, special, particular, agyr ys bolýar. Damp walls have an unpleasant peculiar üýtgeşik tagam special taste üýtgeşik smell.; nähoş cf: näsag. adv unpleasant; ill; oglan unusual boy üýtgeşik näme habar bar? ýakymsyz 1 adj unpleasant, bad ýakymsyz what is the news? habar bad news ýakymsyz gürrüňler unpleasant rumours; ýokuş adj unpleasant, annoying unwanted idegsiz 2 [i:degsiz] adj unwanted ýokuş söz aýtmak to say unpleasant words unwillingly kül-külüne unwillingly, without comp. ýokuş görmek one's heart being involved kül-külüne düşmek to unpleasantness ýaramazlyk 3 n unpleasantness end up doing something unwillingly Şofýorlyk howanyň ýaramazlygy unpleasantness of the kärini ele almagyň kül-külüne düşýär. He weather unwillingly took up driving as a profession. unprofitable zyýanly 3 [zyýa:nly] adj up ýokaryk 1 [ýokary:k] adv up, upwards çalt unprofitable zyýanly söwda trading at a loss ýokaryk galmak to go up quickly basgançak bilen ýokaryk çykmak to go upstairs Gün unravel çözmek 1 v to unravel, undo, untie bulutdan ýokaryk galyp başlady. The sun began düwni çözmek to untie a knot köwşüň bagyny to rise in the sky. çözmek to untie the lace of one's boots up_to çen 3 n to, up to, until Turmaga çen boldy. unrealised_goal arman 1 [arma:n] n unrealised goal, unfulfilled dream Uniwersiteti gutarsam, upas zakgun [zakgu:n] n upas-tree, antiar (sem. mende arman ýok. If I finish university, I'll have domains: 1.5 - Plant.) comp. zakgun ýaly no further unfulfilled dreams. comp. arman upbringing edep 1 n upbringing, breeding, background çagalara edep öwretmek to teach children upbringing make use (of) Bankany zyňmaň, tomus, upper üstki adj upper üstki gat upper floor üstki [peýdany] zada ýaradaryn. Don't throw the jar geýim overcoat, outer clothing; ýokardaky 1 away, this summer I can make good use of it [ýokarda:ky] adj upper; ýokarky 1 adj upper (for canning). ýokarky etaž upper floor ýokarky çeker upper useful ýaramly 2 adj useful ýaramly içgiler useful drawer atmosferanyň ýokarky gatlagy upper drinks layers of the atmosphere comp. ýokarky palata useless biderek 1 [bi:derek] adj useless, in vain, upside başaşak [başaşa:k] adj upside-down of no use biderek wagtyňy ýitirmek to waste Meniň agam eliniň üstünde başaşak durup bilýär. one's time biderek ýere about/over nothing, to My older brother/relative can do hand-stands. no purpose Sen biderek ýere gaharlanýarsyň. You upstairs ýokary 3 adj upstairs; above, up; the get angry about/over nothing.; peýdasyz top; high, advanced, upper; high, greater than [peýda:syz] adj useless, unvaining, vain; usual; east ýokary çykmak to go upstairs Tozan unprofitable, non-lucrative peýdasyz bolmak to ýokary galdy. Dust began to rise. ýokarda be useless peýdasyz iş unprofitable oturmak to sit in the place of honour ýokary hili business/affair; ujypsyz 1 [ujy:psyz] adj high quality ýokarý tarapa gitmek to go toward useless Meniň ujypsyz aýlygym diňe iýmitimize the east {person's position, education} ýetýär. Şu gün kitap okap içerde ujypsyz iş edildi. Biz muzeýda mikroskopyň aşagynda ujypsyzja urgent gyssag adj urgent, pressing gyssag iş kebelek gördük. {inanimate} pressing business, urgent matter; gyssagly adj urgent, pressing gyssagly telegramma express USSR SSSR n USSR - Union of Soviet Socialist telegram gyssagly hat express letter gyssagly Republics {abbr} ugramak to depart quickly, set off usual adaty [a:daty] adj usual, ordinary adaty quickly/hurriedly; zerur 3 [zeru:r] adj urgent, waka the way things are, the usual thing; pressing hemişeki [hemi:şeki] adj usual, customary, urinate siýmek v to urinate, pass water ordinary, regular hemişeki tertipde in the usual order urine peşew n urine peşew etmek to urinate, discharge urine peşew analizi urinalysis {dial} usually adatça [a:datça] adv usually, ordinarily, as a rule; köplenç adv usually, in most cases USA ABŞ n USA {abbr} comp. Amerikanyň köplenç halatlarda in most cases Köplenç Birleşen Ştatlary ; Amerikanyň Birleşen halatlarda onuňky dogry bolup çykýar. In most Ştatlary (comp. of ABŞ) USA (the United States cases he turns out to be right.; umuman 3 of America) [umu:man] conjunction usually Maralyň öýe use peýdalanmak [peýda:lanmak] v to use, näçä geljegini bilämok, umuman gelýan wagty benefit (from), profit (from/by), make use (of) sagat ýedilerde. ähli serişdeleri peýdalanmak to use every utensil esbap 4 [esba:p] n utensils öý esbaplary possible means tebigy baýlyklary peýdalanmak to home utensils atyň esbaby untensil of horse use natural wealth elektrik energiýasyndan peýdalanmak to use electric energy; ulanmak v Uzbek özbek 2 [ö:zbek] adj Uzbek Men özbek I to use Maral meniň beren eginbaşlarymy ulanýar. am an Uzbek. özbek gyzy Uzbek girl (sem. Täze alan kompýuterimizi ulanmak üçin täze domains: 4.1.2 - Types of people.) hünärment işe kabul etdik. Mugallymdan ulanmak Uzbekistan Özbegistan [Ö:zbegista:n] n üçin täze kitap aldym.; ýaratmak 2 v to use, to Uzbekistan (sem. domains: 4.6.7.1 - Country.) V v vacation kanikul n vacation, holiday gyş kanikuly reňkli matalar different colours of materials Toý winter holiday Kanikulda çagalar oba gezelenje saçagyna her dürli naharlar we salatlar goýuldy. gidýärler. Children go for a trip to the village in There were different kinds of dishes and salads the holidays. [between terms, for students, etc.] at the wedding feast. Zähmet sapagynda çagalar vaccinate sançmak 3 cf: sanjamak. v to reňkli kagyzdan dürli zatlar ýasapdyrlar. In the vaccinate (against), inoculate (with) {medical} craft lesson children made different things from coloured paper. Älemgoşar dürli reňkler bilen vaccine sançgy n vaccine profilaktiki sançgylar öwüsýär. A rainbow shines with different prophylactic/preventive vaccines {medical} colors. Ol dürli hünärleri öwrendi. He learned validate resmileşdirmek [resmi:leşdirmek] v to various professions. dürli garaýyş various validate, register officially dokumentleri opinions Ýygnakda dürli meseleler we dürli resmileşdirmek to validate the documents [by pikirler ýüze çykdy. There were different having them stamped, perhaps.] problems and various ideas. Dürli dilleri validity güýç 3 n validity, valid 2004-nji ýyla öwrenmek peýdaly hem gerekli. To learn different çenli güýji bar valid until 2004 languages is both useful and necessary. dürli- valley dere n valley [Perhaps without water dürli various kinds (of) dürli-hili various kinds flowing at the bottom, except during sudden (of) Dünýäde dürli hili adamlar bar, ýagşy bar rainfall.]; düz2 n valley; düzlük1 cf: düzmek. n hem ýaman bar. There are different kinds of valley, lowland people in the world, both good and bad. value gymmat 2 adj cost, price, value, worth vase güldan [gülda:n] n vase goşmaça gymmat surplus value harydyň vegetation ot-çöp cf: myhmanhana. n gymmaty value of the article vegetation, verdure meýdanda ot-çöp ýok there vanish garasy ýitmek (say. of gara, ýitmek) to is no vegetation on the field, the field is bare vanish, disappear; perverse, evil-intentioned vehicles awtoulag cf: awtomaşyn. n vehicles gara kömür black coal gara üzüm black grape veil perde 4 n veil ýüze perde örtmek to cover gap-gara very black gara sil heavy storm gara one's face with a veil, veil one's face ýel strong wind gara mal goat and sheep Süýdüň vein damar n vein, nerve, tendon, sinew gan içinde bir gara bar. there is something black in damary blood vessel, vein nerw damarlary milk Köýnegiňe gara ýelmeşipdir. something nerves ýaşyl ýaprakdaky damarlar veins in a black has Bir gara görünýär. something dark can plant id. ýeňse damary gatamak seem It gara görmese üýrmez dog will not bark if it does not see somebody velvet mahmal n velvet, plush variegated ala 1 [a:la] adj variegated ala güjük venom zäher 2 n venom ýylanyň zäheri snake's puppy of more than one color, usually black venom {animate} comp. zäher ýaly and white ala köýnek a multi-colored dress veranda eýwan [eýwa:n] n veranda, porch comp. ala tutmak verge ugur 4 cf: ugruna. n side, verge ýolyň ugry various aýry-aýry adj various, different Şol the verge of the road ýolyň ugrunda on the habara her kim aýry-aýry baha berdi. Everyone verge of the road comp. ugruňy ýitirmek comp. thought different thoughts about this news.; ugry ýok comp. ugur almak comp. ugur dürli adj various, different, various sorts dürli çykmak comp. ugur haýyr bola! comp. ugur kowmak comp. ugur tapmak okamak to read too much Onuň juda owadan verse aýat [a:ýat] n verse; a passage of scripture gözleri bar. He has very beautiful eyes. comp. Gurhanyň aýatlary verses from the Qur'an; juda bolmasa ; onçakly adv very + (neg.)

bent2 n verse, stanza, strophe Kabir şahyrlaryň onçakly köp däl not very much onuň haly bu gün goşgularynyň bentleri kyn hem agyr okalýar. onçakly gowy däl he is no better today; örän 1 Some poet's verses are very hard to read. {lit} adv very örän gyzykly kitap very interesting book örän sowuk very cold; ymgyr 2 adj very version çaklama 2 cf: wersiýa. n version; ylmy-tehniki süýji very sweet ymgyr gowy adam wersiýa ['wersiýa] cf: çaklama. n version very good man vertebra oňurga n vertebra; backbone, spine very_much çendenaşa [çendena:şa] cf: oňurga süňki vertebral/spinal column oňurganyň çakdanaşa. *** very much Ol çendenaşa ýazylmagy fracture of the spinal column owadandy. She was stunningly beautiful. {anatomy} çendenaşa köp okamak to read too much very biçak [bi:çak] very, too; bijaý2 1 [bi:ja:ý] very_white ap-ak (comp. of ak) whiter than adj extremely, very Haly muzeýinde bijaý white owadan türkmen halylary bar. There are some very beautiful carpets in the carpet museum. veteran weteran [weter'ran] n veteran urüş Berekella sen bijaý gowy çykyş etdiň. Well done weterany veteran of war zähmet weterany you spoke very well. Men bu oýuny bijaý veteran of labour haladym. I liked this play very much. Ol bijaý vicinity daş-töwerek n round, around, about, gaty gitdi. He got angry and said too much.; environment, vicinity, surrounding area säheriň diýseň 1 adv very, very much Diýseň jadylaýjy, daş-töweregi around the city daş-töwereginden göz gamaşdyryjy gözellik. It is a very fair and aýlanyp durmak to beat about the bush? is it dazzling beauty.; dym adv very, quite (precedes idiom in Eng. it is literal: to circle around adjectives beginning with d or g) dym gyzyl victim gurban 2 [gurba:n] n victim gurban very red dym garaňky very dark Ir säher bilen bolmak to fall victim, die; pida 2 [pida:] n töwerk daşymyz dym-dyrslyk. In the morning victim pida bolmak to fall prey (to), fall victim there was absolute silence around us. Otagyň içi (to) dym-dyrslykdy,adam bara meňzänokdy. The victor ýeňiji n conqueror, victor, winner, empty room was absolutely silent. Başym champion aýlanyp gozlerimiň öňi dym-garaňky boldy. I was victorious üstün adj victorious, triumphant üstün dizzy and all I saw was darkness.; gap1 [gap] çykmak to win a victory (over) keselden üstün adv very gap-gara the blackest gap-garaňky too çykmak Sen bäsdeşiňden üstün çykdyň. üstün dark ; gaty adv very gaty gowy very good gaty çykan (ýeňiji) üstün çykanlar baýrak aldylar. söz a harsh word gaty oňat very good gaty victory ýeňiş 1 n victory Däbe öwrülen ýeňiş. gyzgyn very hot biriniň göwnüne gaty degmek to offend someone rudely gaty uklamak to sleep video wideo n video wideo kasseta video cassette

well comp. gaty gitmek comp. gaty görmek1 ; view peýzaž n view, scenery, landscape owadan göm-gök [göm-gö:k] (comp. of gök) adj very peýzaž beautiful landscape green, blue, fresh etc.; has 1 [ha:s] adv too, viewer tomaşaçy n viewer, spectator over-much, very, quite, extremely has bişen vigilance hüşgärlik [hü:şgärlik] n vigilance, gawun over-ripe melon has gowy best has watchfulness, caution owadan very beautiful; juda [juda:] adv very, vile gahat 2 adj foul, infamous, vile gahat iş highly, too, very much, extremely juda köp infamous/vile action, act of infamy; haram 3 [hara:m] cf: halal-haram. adj mean, base, gelmek to come to see someone; myhman ignoble, vile comp. haram-halal bolmak (comp. of myhman) to visit, be a vile_act gahatlyk 2 n a vile act, mean thing Bu guest (at, of) Men olarda myhman boldum. gahatlykdyr. That is a mean thing to do. gurultaýyň hormatly myhmany mejlisiň myhmany; myhmançylyk 1 [my:hma:nçylyk] n visit vile_person it 2 n vile person, villain comp. myhmançylyga gitmek to (pay a) visit (to); gününe it aglamak comp. Içimi it ýyrtýar. sapar n visit, travel sapar etmek to visit, travel comp. it alan sanaja döndermek comp. it 1 comp. iş sapary durmuşy comp. it masgarasy etmek comp. it ýaly ýadamak comp. ite it ölümi comp. ýürek it vital derwaýys [derwa:ýys] adj vital, essential, ýaramaz key, important, necessary derwaýys mesele key issue, question of vital importance; durmuşy village oba 1 [o:ba] n village obada a) in the adj vital durmuşy mesele vital question country, b) in the village oba dyrmyşy village life vizier wezir [wezi:r] n vizier, high official patyşanyň weziri [high official in some muslim vine-dresser üzümçi n vine-dresser countries] comp. wezir-wekil vinegar sirke 2 n vinegar vocabulary zapas 3 [za'pas] cf: rezerw, vine-growing üzümçilik 1 n vine-growing ätiýaçlyk, çykalga, haryt, predmet, sapak, üzümçilik hojalygy dersi, şaýlar, zat. n vocabulary söz zapas violence zorluk 1 [zo:rluk] n violence, force vocabulary comp. zapas çykalga zorluk etmek to force, violate, make, compel; voice owaz 1 [owa:z] n voice ýakymly owaz zulum 2 n violence, brutality, torture zulum pleasant voice; ses 2 n voice edip öldürmek to torture someone to death volume göwrüm n volume, capacity, size comp. comp. öz janyňa zulum etmek göwrümi giň ; tom n volume Eseriň dört tomy violin gyjak n three-stringed Turkmen violin bar. There are four volumes in his work. (sem. domains: 4.2.3 - Music.) voluminous möçberli 1 adj voluminous, bulky violinist gyjakçy n a musician who plays uly möçberli in a large volume fv:gyjak, a violinist voluntarily peýwagtyna adj voluntarily, of one's viper alahöwren [a:lahöwren] n viper, adder own accord, of one's own free will peýwagtyna virgin_ground tarp n virgin (territory); fallow gelmek to come of one's own accord (ground) voluntary meýletin 1 [meýleti:n] n volunteer; virginity gyzlyk 2 [gy:zlyk] n virginity voluntary meýletin goşun volunteer army visa wiza ['wiza] cf: ejaza. n visa wiza uzaltmak meýletin sport jemgyýeti to extend a visa Başlyk arzanyň ýüzüne wiza volunteer meýletinçi [meýleti:nçi] n volunteer goýdy. Başlyk dokumente wiza goýdy. daşary meýletinçiler topary ýurda girmäge wiza almak wiza uzaltmak vomit gaýtarmak 1 v to vomit, be sick iýeniňi visible görnükli 1 cf: görmegeý. adj visible, gaýtarmak to vomit conspicuous görnükli ýerde goýmak to put voter saýlawçy n voter someone in a conspicuous place voucher putýowka n voucher, pass, vision ahwalat 2 [ahwa:lat] n vision ahwalat authorization sanatoriý üçin putýowka voucher görmek to have a vision used to gain entrance to a sanatorium 24 visit görme-görüş n visit, call (U.S.) görme-görşe günlük putýowka a 24-day pass sürüjiler üçin ýol barmak to pay someone a visit/call görme-görşe putýowkasy schedule of duties [to travel, for travelling] comp. durmuşa putýowka to swear allegiance (to accept the oath) olar vow kasam n oath, vow, promise, pledge kasam ilkinji gezek kasam kabul etdiler they swore etmek to swear an oath, vow kasam kabul etmek allegiance for the first time [often during a fi:bayram]

W w wadding pamyk [pa:myk] n cotton wool, 7th, 40th day after the death and after a year] wadding comp. pamyk ýaly {religious} wag wäşi n wag, joker, jester; joker wäşi adam wake_up oýanmak 1 cf: oýandyrmak. v to wake wagon furgon [fur'gon] cf: araba. n wagon, van up, awake daň atanda oýanmak to wake up at dawn; ukydan oýanmak (comp. of uky) to Waharman waharman [waharma:n] n wake up Ilki günler sagat bilen ýedide ukudan waharman melon ysly waharman [a type of oýanamsoň indi endik bolup ozimem turýaryn. melon similar to a honey-dew melon, only ukydan goýmak Sen meni bolgysyz gepläp ukydan large, green, with faint yellow stripes] goýdyň. wail nalyş çekmek (comp. of nalyş) to wail; waken turuzmak 1 v to wake someone (up), perýat 1 [perýa:t] n (loud) cry, wail perýat waken etmek to cry out, cry from the heart walk gezmek 1 v to walk gezip barmak to walk wailing dady-perýat [da:dy-perýa:t] cf: dat; (somewhere), go on foot gezip ýörmek a) to go perýat. n tears of grief, loud and bitter cries for a walk b) be well comp. boş gezmek comp. waist bil 1 [bi:l] n waist inçe billi gyz narrow- Dek gezen, dok gezer ; seleňlemek 1 v to go waisted girl comp. bil baglamak comp. bil out into the fresh air; to walk in the fresh air bükmek comp. bil ýazmak comp. bili açyk howada seleňlemek to walk in the fresh air; gelmek/açylmak say. Dil bilen orak orsaň, bil seýil n walk, walking seýil etmek to walk, take a agyrmaz walk seýil bag park; ýöremek cf: ýöretmek. v waistcoat ýeňsiz n waistcoat, tunic; body-warmer to walk, go ýöräp barmak to be walking along wait beklemek 1 v to wait Men söýýän gyzymy comp. Assa ýörän uzaga gider. ; ýöreýiş n gait, köp bekledim. I waited ages for my girlfriend walk, step gaz ýöreýşi goose step comp. agyz bekle ; garaşmak 1 v to wait for, walk_round aýlanmak 5 v to walk about, wander hope for, look forward to, expect garaşmak zal round, go round Adamlar ýuwaş-ýuwaşdan waiting room Ondan rehimdarlyga garaşma. parkda aýlanýarlar. People wandered round the Don't expect him to be kind. ýoldaşyňa park. garaşmak to wait to your friend. Saňa köp walking_stick taýak 2 n walking stick garaşdym. I waited you for a long time. wall diwar [di:wa:r] n wall Howlynyň daş waiver ikirjiňlenmek cf: ikirjiňlemek. v to töweregine diwar galdyrdyk. We built a wall waiver; to be in two minds Ol ikirjiňlenýär. He's around the yard. diwara aýtmak talk to the in two minds. wall. Saňa bir zat aýdanyň diwara aýdanyň wake oýarmak 1 v to wake someone up Men ony ýaly,diýenimi edeňok. You don't listen to me, it's irden oýardym. I woke him up in the morning.; like talking to a brick wall. pata 2 [pa:ta:] n wake, funeral banquet pata gitmek to go to a wake [respect paid on the 3rd, wallet gapjyk n wallet, purse gaýyş gapjyk leather warmly hezzet-hormat adv warmly, with purse; horjun 2 n wallet, purse warmth hezzet-hormat bilen garşylamak to walnut hoz [ho:z] n nut, walnut (tree and fruit) welcome someone warmly and serve them well hoz agajy walnut tree hozuň gabygy walnut shell warmth ýylylyk 1 n warmth howanyň ýylylygy wander entemek v to wander, ramble, roam, warmth of the air; ýylylyk 2 n warmth, stroll köçelerde entäp ýörmek to stroll about the cordiality ol biziň ikimizem ýyly garşy aldy he streets işsiz entemek to idle about Sen sowukda greeted us both with warmth entäp ýörme. Do not walk in the cold. Ol ýeňil warn duýdurmak 2 v to warn Näme boljagyny eklenjiň yzynda kän entedi. He ran so much after oňa duýdurdylar. They warned him what would easy income. happen. Ýarawsyzlygym sebäpli barmajagymy jaň wanted idegli 2 [i:degli] adj wanted, sought by edip duýdurdum. I phoned warning that I would someone be absent because of illness. Bu işiň gowulyk bilen gutarmajakdygyny saňa duýdurýaryn. I war harasat 2 [harasa:t] n war, troubles, chaos; warn you that this work will not finish well. uruş 1 n war, battle, fight ikinji jahan uruşy Maňa bu habary wagtynda duýdurupsyň. Your World War II urşuň uruş ýyllary the grim years warning arrived in time. of war Il içinde är-aýal arasynda uruş bolsa hasa guraýança ýaraşsan sogap diýilýar. Ikinji jahan warner töwella 2 n one who warns, one who urşy müňlerçe adamlary betbagt etdi. Owganistan advises töwella etmek to warn; advise ýurdynda erçeme ýyllap graždanlyk urşy gidip warning duýduryş n warning duýduryş signaly dur. Ýadro urşynyň howpyny biz Herosima we warning signal duýduryş çyralary warning lights Nagasakiden onuň nähili betbagtçylykdygyny käýinç we duýduryş severe reprimand and bilmeli we unutmaly däl. Uruş meýdanda warning ýazuw üsti bilen duýduryş bermek to jesetlerden ýaňa aýak basara ýer ýokdy. give a written warning Bir gezeklikçe saňa diňe ward palata 2 n ward keselhana palatasy ward, duýduryş berýärin. I warn you for the first and hospital ward {hospital} last time. Kanuny bozanlara duýduryş haty berildi. A warning letter was given to people warily gorka adv warily, gingerly; with caution, who broke the law. Duýduryş berlenden soň cautiously, gorka girmek to enter warily gaýtalanlara jerime salynýar. Those who receive warlike söweşjeň adj warlike, fighting, battle a second reminder after being warned will be warm çoýmak v to warm; dogaýy warm dogaýy penalised. salam warm greetings; gyzmak 1 v to warm up warrant haklamak 1 v to justify, warrant, Ýer gyzypdyr. The soil warmed up. Tamdyra deserve, vindicate ene süýdüni haklamak to gyzanda ýap. Strike while the iron is hot. (sem. deserve your mother's confidence domains: 3.5.4.2 - Saying, proverb.); gyzyşmak wash ýuwmak 1 cf: ýuwunmak. v to wash eliňi 1 v to get warm (gradually), warm oneself ýuwmak to wash hands gap ýuwmak to wash Ellerim birneme gyzyşdy. My hands got a bit dishes geýim ýuwmak to wash clothes kir warmer. gyzyşmak üçin işlemek to work to warm ýuwýan maşyn washing machine; ýuwunmak o.s. up; maýyl2 1 adj warm, mild maýyl howa cf: ýuwmak. v to wash (oneself) irden warm weather bu gun howa maýyl It is warm ýuwunmak to wash (oneself) in the morning today; ýylatmak v to warm, heat suwy ýylatmak to heat the water; ýyly 1 adj warm Bu wasp ary 2 n wasp ýer ýyly It is warm here. ýyly eşikler warm waste köýdürmek 2 cf: köýmek. v to waste, not clothes {inanimate} to use; ýitirmek 2 v to waste, spend wagtyňy ýitirmek to waste time on comp. abraýyňy waterfall şarlawuk n waterfall; rush, babble (e.g. ýitirmek comp. gözüňden ýitirmek comp. of a stream) güýjüni ýitirmek comp. huşuňy ýitirmek comp. watershed saka watershed özüňi ýitirmek comp. Ýitir, ýok et! comp. wave bulaýlamak v to wave, whisk, swing, wag ýitirip tapan ýaly Daşdan gören jorama elimi bulaýladym. Biziň watch bakmak 1 v to watch, look (at), stare (at), itimiz nahar beren wagtymyz öňimizde guýrugyny gaze (at) Maşynyň içinde we gapdalynda yzyňa bulaýlaýar. Demir ýolda näsazlyk görseň, gelýan bakmak üçin ýörite aýna goýylupdyr. A special otla eliňe gyzyl mata alyp bulaýlamaly.; mirror is put inside and on the sides of a car in galgatmak 2 [ga:lgatmak] v to wave eliňi order to look behind. Ýaş-juwanlar biri-birine galgatmak to wave one's hand; salgamak mähirli bakyp otyrdylar. The young people sat [sa:lgamak] v to wave, wag eliňi salgamak to looking at each other lovingly. Çagalary käýän wave one's hand (to); tolkun n wave comp. wagtyň ýere bakyp durlar. When you tell tolkun atmak children off they look at the floor.; garamak2 4 wax mum [mu:m] n wax, beeswax v to depend on, be dependent on Ol diňe way ýörelge 2 n way, direction Magtymgulynyň başlygyň agzyna garaýar. he lookes only boss`s öňe süren ruhy ýörelgesi türkmen halky üçin şu mouth comp. bir ele garamak ; görmek 2 v to günem juda-juda gymmatly bolmagynda galýar. watch, look comp. şoňa görä ; seretmek 1 v to adalatlylyk ýörelgeleri oba hojalygy barada täze watch, look ýörelgeler bellemek to set up new ways on watchful hüşgär 1 [hü:şgär] adj watchful, agriculture {fig} vigilant, alert, cautious hüşgär bolmak to be way_out alaç [ala:ç] n way out, solution; çäre 2 vigilant hüşgär bolmak to be careful n way out çäre agtarmak to look for the way out watchmaker sagatçy [sa:gatçy] n watchmaker çäre tapmak to find the way out çäre görmek to sagatçy bolup işlemek to work as a watchmaker see a way out watchman garawul 1 n night watchman, guard, waylay garawullamak 2 v to waylay kimdir birini look-out ekinleriň garawuly guard of plants garawullamak to guard somebody tokaý garawuly guard of forest comp. hormat we biz [biz] Pronoun we biziňki ours biziň our, of garawuly ; gözegçi n watchman; sakçy 2 n us farmer who watches the field tokaý sakçysy weak asgyn adj weak; ejiz [eji:z] adj weak, sick, forest warden feeble, powerless, helpless ejiz adam weak water sepelemek 1 v to water; suw 1 n water person ejiz bolmak to be weak Bu topar suw akyş sistemasy running water on tap comp. beýlekiden ejiz. This group is weaker than other suw çüwdürümy comp. suw ýaly (geplemek) ; group. Men matematikadan ejiz. I am weak at suwarmak v to water; ýakmak4 v to water, to maths.; gowşak 1 adj weak, feeble, loose, slack give to drink mallary suwa ýakmak to water the Ol matematikadan gowşak He is weak in animals mathematics. Bu mugallym okuwçyny gowşak water_heater kolonka 4 [ka'lonka] cf: sütün. n tutýar. That teacher is easy going with the water heater gaz kolonkasy instantaneous gas pupils.; kuwwatsyz 1 [kuwwa:tsyz] adj weak, water heater strengthless, forceless ol heniz kuwwatsyz he is water_melon garpyz n water-melon ala garpyz a still weak; kuwwatsyz 3 [kuwwa:tsyz] adj skewbald water-melon ak garpyz white water- lacking power, of low capacity {physics}; melon daş garpyz stone water-melon comp. mejalsyz [meja:lsyz] adj lacking strength, aýakly garpyz weak, feeble mejalsyz adam feeble person; öli 3 (coming on) adj irresolute, weak character comp. öliň weather howa 2 [howa:] n weather açyk howa

soragyny soramak ; sansyz1 2 [sa:nsyz] adj fine weather howa maglumaty weather forecast weak, powerless, having no authority sansyz Bu gun howa gowy. It is fine today. comp. howa adam weak person {fig}; ysgynsyz adj weak, ýoly strengthless, feeble weave dokamak v to weave, knit haly dokamak to weaken asgynlamak v to grow weak, weaken; weave a carpet Halyçy gyzlar haly dokaýarlar. ejizlemek [eji:zlemek] v to lose one's strength, The weaving girls weave a carpet. Eken grow weak, weaken Ol ejizledi. He grew weak.; orar,dokan geýer./nakyl/ The person who sows gowşamak v to weaken, grow weak, to slacken will reap, will wear who knits. Ýel kem-kemden gowşaýar. The wind is weaver dokmaçy 1 n weaver, textile worker gradually slackening. Biziň fabrigimizde hem dokmaçy , hem tikinçi weakness gowşaklyk n weakness, feebleness, gyzlar bar. There are weavers and sewers in our debility gowşaklyk düýmak to have a weakness factory. (for) gowşaklyk etmek to display one's weakness weak-sighted kütek 3 adj weak-sighted, having wedding_feast toý n wedding-feast, wedding weak sight kütek güzli adam a weak-sighted (party), wedding (reception), celebration person {mathematics} comp. kütek burç durmuş toý wedding-feast, wedding reception wealth döwlet 1 n wealth, property, assets Ol Wednesday çarşenbe [ça:rşenbe] n Wednesday size döwlet arzuw edýär. He wishes you well. {literary} Ýagşy niýet, ýarym döwlet./nakyl/ The good weed haşal n weed haşal ot weed, weeds intention makes half of the wealth. (Proverb); haşalotlary otamak to weed gurp 2 n wealth gurpdan düşmek to lose one's weeding otag3 n weeding gowaça otagy cotton wealth; mal-mülk [ma:l-mülk] n (material) weeding otag işleri pulling weeds otag otamak to wealth, riches, capital, animals and property weed wealthy eli uzyn (comp. of uzyn) wealthy Wepa week hepde n week bir hepde mundan öň a week indi nebit we gaz öňümçiligiň başlygy bolup ago öňkisinden eli uzyn bolup islän zadyny alyp weekly hepdelik adj weekly, week, a week's bilýär. Now Wepa is the head of oil and gaz duration hepdelik gazýet weekly newspaper manifacture and he became wealthy, buying all what he wanted. weep eňremek v to weep, sob, cry Öýleri ýumrulanlar eňreýärdiler. They weep whose weapon ýarag 1 n weapon, arms sowuk ýarag houses were destroyed. cold steel ýarag ussasy gunsmith, armourer ýadro ýaragy nuclear weapons ýaraga ýapyşmak weeping agy 1 [a:gy] n weeping Çaganyň agy sesi to take up arms ýaragy taşlamak to lay down eşidilýär. The child's weeping can be heard. arms comp. ýürek agysy wear dakynmak v to wear, to have on; to put on weigh çekiji etmek v to weigh; çekmek2 äýnek dakynmak to put on one's glasses sagat [çekmek] v to weigh 100 gram kem çekmek to dakynmak to wear a wrist-watch; geýmek v to under weigh by 100 grams artyk çekmek wear, put on, dress weigher gapançy n someone who weighs things weariness ýadawlyk [ýa:dawlyk] n weariness, weighing-machine gapan2 n weighing-machine tiredness ýadawlyk duýmak to feel tiredness gapanda çekmek to weigh on a weighing machine {large (for weighing cars, etc.)} weight agram 1 n weight Piliň agramy üç West aşak 5 [aşa:k] post West comp. aşakky tonnadan köp. An elephant's weight is more (aşakdaky) comp. aýak aşagynda than three tonnes. Bu oýunda bar agram wet akytmak v to wet, make wet, pour water derwezeçä düşdi. The weight of this game falls onto something; öl 1 [ö:l] adj wet öl bolmak to

on the goalie.; çekmek1 3 [çekmek] v to weigh become wet öl etmek to wet; suwly adj wet gapanda çekmek to weigh on (the) scales Oduny what nä Pronoun what Bu nä ýagdaý? What kind içeri çekmeli. comp. ah çekmek comp. ahmyr of a situation is that?; näme 1 Pronoun what çekmek comp. aýak çekmek comp. ejir çekmek näme boldy? What's happened? näme gulluk? comp. el çekmek comp. gam çekmek comp. What can I do for you? näme etmeli? Maňa hasrat çekmek comp. hor çekmek comp. jeza başga näme gerek? What else do I need? comp. çekmek comp. keýp çekmek comp. kynçylyk näme üçin comp. Näme-de bolsa çekmek comp. nala çekmek comp. ýüzüne whatever näme 2 Pronoun whatever Näme bolsa, atanak çekmek comp. zähmet çekmek comp. şol bolsun! Whatever will be will be. comp. zyýan çekmek näme üçin comp. Näme-de bolsa well edepli adj well-bred, "cultured", ethical; wheat bugdaý n wheat Ak bugdaýdan bişirilen guýy n well {water source}; hany2 interj now, tamdyr nana geljek zat ýok. Bugdaý bişende now then, come, well then, so, well hany, hemmeleri oruma iberýarler. ýeriňden tur! Come on now, stand up!; wheel rul 1 n (steering) wheel; wheel, helm jähennem 2 - who cares, well (word expressing welosipediň ruly handlebars of a bicycle gäminiň indifference) jähennem, näme bolsa bolsun! Well, ruly rudder/helm of a ship maşynyň ruly so be it! comp. janyny jähenneme ibermek ; steering wheel gäminiň ruly ship's helm; tigir 1 lepbeý adj Yes sir! At your command, sir! n wheel; tigr wheel Işgärler: "lepbeý" diýip durdular. The workers 2 stood waiting a command; öňli-soňly adv well, when haçan adv when, whenever Sen haçan properly bir işi öňli-soňly etmek to do a job geljek? When will you come? hiç haçan never

properly; to do something properly where hany1 adv where; nire [ni:re] Pronoun well_bred terbiýeli adj well-bred where? (locative) Sen nirä gitjek? Where are you going? Sen nireden geldiň? Where have you well_done berekella [berekella:] n Well done! come from? Bu ýer nire? nirede Sen nirede? Berekella, bişiren tamdyr çöregiň tagamy bal ýaly bolupdyr. Well done, the tandoori bread's whereas bolsa conjunction whereas; if; flavour was as honey.; tüweleme n well done conditional present tense of 'to be' [Connected with belief in the evil eye.] which haýsy Pronoun which, what, whatever well_founded esasly [esa:sly] adj well-founded, haýsy ýerden? Where from? valid, substantiated esasly netije well-founded whimper çyňsamak v to whimper, whine, squeal, conclusion screech It çyňsaýar. well_proportioned gelşikli 3 adj well- whip dürre n whip, stick, something used to whip proportioned gelşikli bir tam otyrdy a well- someone; gamçy n whip gamçynyň sapy whip- proportioned house handle gamçy astyna almak lash, whip, knot well_provided_for üpjün adj well provided for, gamçy iýmek to be beaten with whip gamçy well-supplied, well-to-do üpjün ýaşaýan adam bilen urmak to whip, knot gamçysyndan gan comp. üpjün etmek damýar blood is dripping from his whip (Proverb) Ýagşy ata bir gamçy, ýaman ata müň west günbatar n west gamçy. To a good horse, one whip, to a bad horse, a thousand whips. ; gamçylamak v to broken-down car.; abat 2 [a:ba:t] adj whole, in whip, lash aty gamçylamak to whip a horse one piece abat maşgala healthy, whole family whirlpool girdap 1 [girda:p] n whirlpool (with kids, not divorced); bary [ba:ry] adj the derýanyň girdaby whirlpool of river whole, all of Balykçynyň tutan balygynyň bary üç sany. The bird-catcher caught three birds in whirlwind tüweleý 1 n whirlwind, tornado all. comp. bary bilen bazar eýlemek ; bitin whisker murt 2 n whisker {animals} comp. murt [biti:n] cf: bitewi. adj whole, entire Başyňdan tabamak comp. murt uny palta kesmez. comp. sadaka aýdylan çöregi bitinligine bermeli. murtuň towly bolsun, işiň şowly! comp. murty Toýlarda saçagyň üstüne bitin çapady bilen pişme syh-syh bolmak goýylýar. Elimden gaçan käse bitin galdy.; bütin whisper çakmak 3 v whisper, rumour çawuş 1 [büti:n] adj all of, whole Tikip oturan köýnegimi çakmak to quietly spread a rumour; ýetişdirjek bolyp bütin günimi sarp etdim. Gerek pyşyrdamak v to whisper pyşyrdap geplemek tp bolan kasetamy bütin bazara aýlanyp çyksamam, speak in whispers; pyşyrdy n whisper, tapmadym.; durşuna adj whole, as a whole, whispering entirely, completely, totally durşuna ýuwutmak white ak 1 [a:k] adj white Men ak içdim. I drank to swallow something whole durşuna altyn the something white (milk, vodka...) ak goýun pork whole gold durşuna satyn almak to buy outright ak ekin cotton comp. ak altyn comp. ak demir durşuna ýuwutmak to swallow whole Bu kitaby comp. ak goşgy comp. ak göwünli comp. ak durşuna okap çykdym. I have read this book pata comp. ap-ak completely. Ol durşuna öl bolupdyr. He was white_embroidery akgaýma [a:kgaýma] n white completely soaked.; tutuş n whole, all of; uzyn embroidery 3 [uzy:n] adj whole Gadyr gijesinde uzyn gije White_Huns ak gunlar White Huns daň atýança doga okap dilep etgik. {time} say. whiten agarmak 1 [a:garmak] v to turn white, to Boýy uzynyň akly kelte comp. eli uzyn comp. lighten Güýzde gowaçalar agarýar. In the uzyn-uzyn comp. Ýaşy uzyn bolsun! autumn cotton is white (for harvest). Onuň wholehearted yhlasly 1 [yhla:sly] adj gorkudan ýüzi agardy. He is white with fear. wholehearted, enthusiastic Näsagyň reňki agardy. An ill person is pale. Men wholeness abadanlyk [abada:nlyk] adv elli ýaşanymda, saçym agardy. When I was fifty, prosperity, peace, wholeness; abatlyk 2 my hair turned grey. Iňglis dilini gowy öwrenmek [a:ba:tlyk] n wholeness Abatlyk bolsa, rahatlyk üçin saçym agardy. Learning English well turned bolar. Where everything is in order, there is my hair grey.; aklamak 1 [a:klamak] cf: peace. agartmak. v to whiten, paint white, bleach Biz wholesalers baza 2 [ba:za] n wholesalers Söwda hek bilen haýaty akladyk. We white-washed the bazasyndan dükanlara haryt paýlanýar. Shops wall. buy their goods from wholesalers. who kim Pronoun who kimler who (pl.) kimiňki? why näme üçin (comp. of näme) a) Why? b) whose? bu kim? who is it? her kim everyone, What for? näme üçin gitmedi? Why didn't he everybody hiç kim nobody hiç kim gelmedi come? nobody came wick pelte n wick çyra peltesi lamp's wick whole abat 1 [a:ba:t] adj in good condition, in wicked şer n wicked, wickedness, evil good working order köne, ýöne abat aýakgap wickedness betpällik n wickedness, evil Betpällik Old, but in working condition shoes Sen döwük edýän adamdan gowy zada garaşma. Don't maşyny abat etmeli. You need to repair the expect anything from a wicked person. wide giň 1 [gi:ň] adj broad, wide, spacious, open willingly göwünjeň adv willingly, with desire giň ýer an open piece of land comp. ýeriň willy_nilly bialaç [bi:ala:ç] adv willy-nilly ; like giňinde it or not, against one's will Ol bialaç boýun widen baýlaşmak [ba:ýlaşmak] v to widen, boldy. He submitted whether he wanted to or increase, enrich Kitaphanada okaýan kitaplarym not. bilimimiň baýlaşmagyna kömek berýär. In a willy-nilly islemek 2 adv willy-nilly, against library the books I read help to enrich my one's will islemek etmek to do something against education.; giňeltmek 1 [gi:ňeltmek] v to one's will widen kanaly giňeltmek to widen a canal win döwüň sürmek (comp. of döw) v to do well, widower dul2 1 n widower dul aýal widow win Joram bilen bir el küşt oýnamda döwüm wife aýal 2 [aýa:l] n wife öý hojalykçy aýal sürdi. I did well when i played chess with my housewife Adamyň iň ýakyn ýoldaşy -- aýaly. A friend. Soňky döwürde Wepaň döwi sürýär. In the man's best friend is his wife.; hatyn 2 [ha:ty:n] last days Wepa does well.; syndyrmak n wife; keýwany [keýwa:ny] n wife Meniň [sy:ndyrmak] v to win, have victory over, keýwanym öýde oturanok. My wife does not sit destroy, break off, demolish; utmak v to win at home. {colloq} Mekdebimiz sport ýaryşynda utanda uly wife_of_son gelin 3 n son's wife, wife of younger baýramçylyk geçirdi. Doganym bilen futbol brother comp. gelin-gyz comp. gelneje çempionatyna jedelleşemde men utdym.; ýeňmek 1 v to win; ýykmak 4 v to win, beat (e.g., wild tez n wild, savage; ýabany [ýa:bany] adj fight) göreşde ýykmak to beat at wrestling wild ýabany haýwanlar wild animals ýabany comp. göwnüni ýykmak comp. öýüni ýykmak pişik wild cat ýabany ösümlik wild plant Ýabany comp. ýykan-ýumran kirpi gorananda, tikenleri bilen atýar. Ýabany üzüm turşy tagamy we görnişi bilen ýöne üzümden wind oramak v to wind, wrap (up), muffle (up) tapawutlanýar. Ýabany çolde örän gorkuly, ol boýnuna şarf orady he wrapped the scarf otaýda her-hili zäherli ýylan kän. {animate} around the neck; ýel n wind ýel turmak for a wind to get up, to get windy {weather} wildness ýabanylyk [ýa:banylyk] n wildness wind_instrument tüýdük n wind instrument wilful özdiýenli [ö:zdiýenli] adj wilful özdiýenli çaga wilful child winding sargy 2 cf: sarag. n winding, coil sim sargysy coil, wire coil will meýil n will meýilaryň meýline garaman against their will olaryň meýli başga meýdan window äpişge n window; penjire n window bildirmek to show one's interest (to) comp. öz penjiräni açmak to open the window penjiräni

meýliň ; raý2 2 [ra:ý] n will öz raýyna of one's ýapmak to close the window own free will, of one's own accord; wesýet 1 n wine meý n wine, strong (alcoholic) drink meý will, testament; legacy; wesýetnama içmek to drink wine; şerap [şera:p] n wine [wesýetna:ma] n will, testament (in written wineskin tulum n wineskin, water-skin comp. form) tulum ýaly çişmek willing göwünli adv willing Gitmäge kim göwünli? wing ganat 1 [ga:nat] n wing ganatly jandarlar Who wants to go? göwünli bolmak to agree, animals who have wings say. Aty baryň ganaty want comp. ak göwünli comp. pes göwünli ; bar say. Guş ganatyndan kireý islemeýär ; höwesjeň 1 adj willing, enthusiastic, ganat 2 [ga:nat] n wing, side; wing tamyň çep passionate, keen Ol bu işi höwesjeň eder. He will ganaty left side of the home galanyň bir ganaty be keen to do this work. one wing of the castle samolýotyň ganaty wings of a plane ganat baglamak to have wings, to fly inclination howes etmek to wish, desire, want for happiness ganat germek take care ganat howes bilen with pleasure; işdä 2 n wish, desire, kakmak to make wings tremble say. Aty baryň interest, thirst iş etmeklige bolan işdä desire to ganaty bar say. Guş ganatyndan kireý work; küýsemek 1 v to wish, want, desire suw islemeýär küýsemek to need a drink, to be thirsty; myrat wink gyrpmak v to wink [myra:t] n wish, desire, dream; effort, aim, object myradyňa ýetmek to achieve/gain/attain winnow sowurmak 1 v to winnow {grain} one's object/end Uniwersiteti tamamlap, winter güýzlük adj winter güýzlük ekinler winter myradyma ýetdim.; raý2 3 [ra:ý] n wish, desire crops güýzlük bugdaý winter wheat; gyş n raýyňdan gaýtmak to give up one's desire Atlar winter gyşky gawun winter melon gyşa çydamly öz raýyna çapyp barýarlar. Horses race in their keeps well in winter gyşda in winter gyşyna own way. öz raýyňa ýöremek to live your own during winter [a melon that can be kept well life öz raýyňa hereket etmek to act in accordance into the winter]; gyşlamak v to winter, with your intentions Ol çagalaryň raýyny pass/spend the winter, hibernate ýykmak eslemedi. He didn't want to disappoint wire sim [si:m] n wire the child. tomaşaçylaryň raýyna garap aýdym wisdom akyllylyk n wisdom; hikmet n wisdom aýtmak To look at the spectators and sing Ony {arch}; pähim-paýhas cf: pähimpähim- raýyňdan gaýtarmak kyn. It is hard to change paýhas paýhas. n wisdom pähim-paýhas her mind. Sen bu raýyňdan gaýt. Stop thinking öwrenmek to learn sense, grow wise like that wisdom_tooth akyl dişi (comp. of akyl) wisdom witchcraft jady [ja:dy] n chanting, witchcraft, tooth sorcery jadylamak to conjure, practise wise akyllanmak 1 v to be wise, become wise, be witchcraft/sorcery, bewitch, enchant Ol bir clever Çaga ösdügiçe akyllanýar. As children bakyşda meni jadylady. She bewitched me with grow up they become wiser.; akylly adj wise, one look. clever, rational, reasonable, sensible, well- with bilen 1 post with, by nahary çemçe bilen behaved say. Akylly öwrenjek bolar, akylsyz iýmek to eat food with a spoon otly bilen gitmek öwretjek bolar ; dana 1 [da:na] n wise; to go by train; ýaňa 2 [ýaňa:] post with, parasat [parasa:t] n wisdom; wise, intelligent, because of şatlykdan ýaňa with joy Muradyň sesi judicious, sensible, prudent parasat adam wise gahardan ýaňa sandyrap gitdi. Murad's voice man; parasatly [parasa:tly] adj wise, shook with anger. intelligent, judicious, sensible, prudent with_accent çalgyrt adj with an accent çalgyrt parasatly bolmak to be wise/prudent dilli wish arzuw n wish, dream, aspiration; desire with_all_one's_heart akýürekli [a:kýürekli] adv arzuw etmek wish, dream Men size bagtly do something with all one's heart durmuş arzuw edýärin. I wish you a blessed life.; with_difficulty çala 2 adv with difficulty çala arzuwlamak v to wish; göwün-isleg 1 (comp. ýöremek to walk with difficulty; zordan 1 of göwün, isleg) n wish, desire, aspiration [zo:rdan] adv with difficulty zordan ýöremek to (for), yearning (for); göwün-isleg 2 (comp. of walk/move with difficulty göwün, isleg) n wish, desire, aspiration (for), with_money pully 2 adj with money, having yearning (for); göwünjeňlik n wish, desire, money pully adam rich man pully gapjyk a inclination (to, for) göwünjeňlik bilen willingly, wallet/purse with money readily, gladly; howes 1 n wish, desire, without kem 3 cf: kem-kemden. adj without, to word söz n word söz bermek to promise comp. On minudy kem iki. It is ten minutes to two. şorta söz comp. kem-kem wording redaksiýa 3 [re'daksiýa] n wording without_cell gözsüz 2 adj without a cell romanyň ilkinji redaksiýasy first/original without_doubt şek-şübhesiz adv without doubt; wording of a novel Ataýewiň redaksiýasy bilen şübhesiz n without doubt, surely çapa taýýarlandy. It was prepared for publication by Atayev. without_equal taýsyz [ta:ýsyz] adj without equal work bejermek 2 v to work, cultivate ýer without_loss zyýansyz 2 [zyýa:nsyz] adj not bejermek to work the land, to till the soil; entailing loss, without losses hasyly zyýansyz çalyşmak 3 v to work, labour; endeavour ýygnamak to gather the harvest without losses Erkinlik üçin çalyşmak. To work for freedom. without_permission birugsat [bi:rugsat] n Gije-gündüz çalyşyp, ahyr maksada ýetgin. If you without permission work night and day, in the end you'll reach without_provision ýetim-ýesir (comp. of ýetim) your goal.; eser 1 n work, play edebi eser without provision literary work; iş 1 cf: alada, ünji; alada. n without_shame aýypsyz 1 adj without any work, labour, task öý işi homework iş haky shame (on him/her) Çaga aýypsyz ynsan. A salary, wage Mende bir iş bar. I've got child is without pretense. something that needs to be done. ylmy iş witness şaýat [şa:ýa:t] n witness, eye-witness scientific research work iş çalyşmak to have a şaýat bolmak to witness, testify; şaýatlyk working relationship with somebody Meniň [şa:ýa:tlyk] n witness comp. şaýatlyk etmek işim köp. I have a lot of work to do eden iş what wolf möjek 1 [mö:jek] n wolf çal möjek urkaçy has been done, what someone has done comp. möjek Bu günki işiňi ertä goýma! say. Galan işe gar woman aýal 1 [aýa:l] n woman, female aýal ýagar comp. iş-alada ; işlemek 1 cf: işleşmek. dogan sister owadan aýal beautiful woman; v to work fabrikde işlemek to work at a factory hatyn 1 [ha:ty:n] n woman; heleý n wife, işläp çykarmak to produce, manufacture, work woman {colloq}; naçar 1 [na:ça:r] n woman out Maşyn işlanok. The car's broken down.; kär naçar maşgala women; zenan [zena:n] n 2 cf: kesbi-kär, kesp. n work kär etmek to do woman, lady smth bu günler näme kär edýärsiň? what are you doing these days?; pişe [pi:şe] n work, womb ýatgy n womb {anatomy} profession, occupation, business, trade pişe wonder mugjyza n wonder edinmek to be involved (in), be occupied (with), wonderful ajap adj wonderful; ajaýyp [aja:ýyp] trade (in) awçylygy pişe edinmek to trade in adj wonderful, beautiful, fine, glorious hunting, be occupied with hunting pişe etmek to wood agaç 2 n wood, board, beam, timber agaç work, be involved (in), be engaged (in) sen esasy gurluşyk materialy wood is basic building näme pişe edýärsiň? what are you engaged in?, material agaç gap wooden dishes comp. agajetli what is your business? {colloq}; ysmak v to comp. telefon agajy ; tagta 1 n wood, timber; work, act, move onuň sag eli ysmaýar he has lost tokaý n wood, forest the use of his right arm comp. bognuň ysmak ; wood-cutter odunçy [o:dunçy] n wood-cutter zähmet 1 n work zähmet çekmek to work hard wool çöpür n goat's wool; ýüň n wool ýaz ýüňi zähmet haky wages, pay zähmet depderçesi work- wool sheared at springtime comp. ýüň sakgal book, work record zähmet güni working day bolmak comp. Çekseň zähmet, ýagar rähnet. comp. zähmet pälwany comp. zähmet soňy rähnet. grandfather died after a six month illness. work_of_jeweller zergärlik n work or profession dünýäň daralmak to be narrow minded????? of a jeweller zergärlik etmek to work as a dünýäňi täzelemek to die Giňdir dünýä, geňdir jeweller dünýä./nakyl/ The world is wide, the world is strange. haýwanat dünýäsi fauna ösümlik work_of_shepherd çopançylyk n the work of dünýäsi flora Gowy adam dünýäden ötse-de, ady shepherd çopançylyk etmek to work as a ötmeýär. If a good person dies, his name lives shepherd on. Ýer biziň dünýämiz. The Earth is our worker daýhan 2 [daýha:n] cf: kolhozçy. environment. dünýäniň dürli künjeginde four worker on a collective farm; gullukçy 2 n corners of the Earth Jahankeşdeler dünýäni employee, worker; işçi [i:şçi] n worker işçi aýal gezip,dünýäň köp gözelliklerini görýärler. People worker işçi güýji labour force, manpower; işgär travel all over the world to see the beautiful [i:şgär] n worker, employee, official ylmy işgär sights. comp. o dünýä, bu dunýä ; dünýä 2 n research worker metbugat işgäri contributor world, realm Dünýä dursun, sen dur worker_in_publishing neşirýatçy [neşirýa:tçy] n Türkmenistanym! Long live the World, long live someone working in publishing Turkmenistan! comp. o dünýä, bu dunýä ; älem working bejergi n working, cultivation 1 n world, universe älem giňişligi outer space workmate ýoldaş 3 n fellow worker, workmate äleme inmek to be born älem giňişligi world workplace kärhana [kärha:na] n workplace, space comp. become happy comp. älem-jahan2 ; workshop, factory (for light industry), jahan n world, universe jahan urşy world war enterprise senagat kärhanasy industrial works jahana inmek to be born, enter the world jahan täze kärhana new enterprise Biziň kärhanamyz ýagtylýar dawn comp. jümle-jahan ; jümle- üç smenada işleýär. Our workplace has three jahan (comp. of jahan, jümle) n world, the shifts. universe Bu täze aýdym tutuş jümle-jahana ýaň world dünýä 1 n world, creation dünýä inmek to saldy. This new song was sounded throughout be born dünýä indermek to give birth to Bu the whole world.; ýalançy2 n world bu dünýä haçan döredikä? When was the world ýalançyda in this world ýalançy ýagtylanda at created? Tebigaty we dünýäni adam zat dawn, at daybreak üýtgetmäge haky ýok. Man does not have the world-view dünýägaraýyş n outlook, world-view right to change the natural world. dünýä belli Köp okaýan adamlaryň dünýagaraýşy giňeýär. adam well-known man of the world Mosart öz The world-view of widely read people is ajaýyp sazlary bilen dünýä belli bolan adam. broadening. Ýakynyňy söýseň, bagyşlamagy Mozart is world renowned for his beautiful başarsaň, ejize kömek etseň, dünýägaraýşyň music. dünýäniň çempiony the world champion üýtgeýär. If you love your ?????, if you can dünýäden ötmek to die dünýäden bihabar forgive, if you help the weak, your world-view ignorant Sen dünýäden bihabar şu täzelikleri is changing. entek eşitmedik bolsaň! You will remain ignorant worldwide bütindünýä [büti:ndpnýä] adj if you do not hear this news. dünýäden habarly worldwide, international, global, universal, to know everything Telewizordan täzelikleri whole world; internationally Filormoniýa diňleseň dünýäden habarly edýär. If you listen to konserdine bütindünýa belli sazlaryň birnäçesi the news on television you will know çalyndy. Various internationally-renowned everything. dünýäden el üzmek to die Alty aý musicians played at the Philarmonia's concert. ýarawsuzlydan soň atam dünýäden el üzdi. My Türkmenistan garaşsyz hem bitarap bolany bäri, özini bütindünýa tanatdy. Since Turkmenistan worship sežde etmek v to bow down, prostrate has become independent and neutral it has oneself, worship {religious}; ybadat 1 become known by the whole world. [yba:dat] n worship ybadat etmek to worship worm gurçuk n worm ýüpek gurçugy silkworm worst agram 2 n worst, bulk Ýoluň agramy yzda gurçuk tohumy seed of worm gurçuk tutmak to galdy. The worst of the journey is behind us. breed silkworms worthless ýaramaz adj worthless; unwell worried ünjüli adj worried, anxious, troubled ýaramaz adam worthless man ýaramaz howa ünjüli adam; ynjalyksyz 1 [y:njalyksyz] adj unpleasant/awful weather Onuň işleri ýaramaz worried, anxious What he does isn't helpful. worry alada etmek v to worry, have cares, be worthy mynasyp 1 [myna:sy:p] adj worthy, anxious, be troubled; darykmak [da:rykmak] deserving mynasyp bolmak to deserve Olar cf: gysylmak. v to worry, be/get upset, ýatlanmaga They deserve to be remembered. be/become agitated, to be anxious, to be mynasyp baha bermek to appreciate something worried Bu zatlar meni örän darykdyrýar. I'm at its true value Ýigit özüne mynasyp gyz terribly worried about it all.; gysylmak 3 cf: saýlapdyr. Gyz öz görküne mynasyp lybas darykmak. v to worry, lose courage Gysylma, geýipdir. hemme zat oňat bolar. Don't worry, everything wound düwün 3 n wound, boil, cyst; ýara 1 n will be all right.; janyňy ýakmak 2 (comp. of wound, injury howply ýara serious wound ok

jan, ýakmak2) v to concern oneself with, worry ýarasy bullet wound ýaranyň simlemegi wound about; tolgundyrmak to worry; inflammation ýara salmak to wound, injure ynjalyksyzlanmak [y:njalyksyzlanmak] v to comp. ýarasyna duz sepmek ; ýaralamak v to worry (about), to be anxious/worried (about) wound, injure aýagyndan ýaralamak to wound çagalar hakynda ynjalyksyzlanmak to worry in the leg comp. ýüregini ýaralamak about the children; ynjalyksyzlyk 1 wounded ýaraly adj wounded, injured ýeňil [y:njalyksyzlyk] n worry, anxiety ynjalyksyzlyk ýaraly slightly wounded comp. ýüregi ýaraly tapmak to become worried wrap çolamak v to wrap up (in) kitaby gazýete worse kem 2 cf: kem-kemden. adj worse Bu çolamak to wrap up a book in newspaper ondan kemmi? Is it worse than that one? comp. çagany odeýala çolamak to wrap a child up in kem-kem the blanket diliňe çolamak; çolaşmak v to wrap worsen beterlemek 2 v to worsen, get worse around; to become entangled comp. Meni Onuň saglygy beterledi. His health got worse. çolaşmaň! ; daňmak 1 v to wrap something Gyşyň sowugy beterleýär. Winter is getting around, to bind, to lace bagjygyň ujuny daňmak colder.; ýamanlaşmak 2 cf: ýamanlamak. v to to lace up galstugy daňmak to tie a necktie become worse (gradually), worsen, deteriorate wrestle göreşmek 2 v to wrestle; tutluşmak v to syrkawyň ýagdaýy gün-günden ýamanlaşýardy the wrestle health of a patient was becoming worse day by wrestler pälwan [pälwa:n] n wrestler güýçli day; ýaramazlaşmak v to worsen, become pälwan strong wrestler worse, deteriorate, take a turn for the worse wrestling_match göreş n wrestling match, fight syrkawyň ýagdaýy ýaramazlaşdy the health of a patient has become worse hili ýaramazlaşdy the wrinkle düwün 2 n wrinkle, line, knot Onuň quaility has deteriorated gatnaşyklar maňlaýynda düwün bar. He has wrinkled brows. ýaramazlaşdy the relations have become worse Endamyndaky düwüni operasiýa arkaly aýyrdylar. The wound in his body was taken by operation. ; gasyn 1 n wrinkle, crease writer ýazyjy [ýa:zyjy] cf: awtor. n writer, maňlaýdaky gasynlar wrinkles on one's author ýazyjy aýal female writer, authoress forehead; ýygyrt 1 n wrinkle, crease writing ýazma n writing goşgy ýazma writing in a maňlaýdaky ýygyrtlar wrinkles on the forehead poetic style; ýazuw 1 cf: şrift. n writing ýazuw wrist bilek n wrist Elimiň bilegine owadan alaja esbaplary writing materials ýazuw hünäri art of dakdym. I tied a beautiful charm at my wrist.; writing; ýazylyş n writing

goşar n wrist written ýazylgy2 adj written ýazylgy hat written write çyrşamak 2 v to write, graffitti hatjagaz letter ýazylgy bolmak to be written çyrşamak to write a letter Çaga kitabyň ýüzüni wrong bimamla [bi:mamla] adj wrong, incorrect çyrşapdyr. The front of the book has been Özüniň bimamladygyny boýnuna alanok. He

graffittied.; ýazmak1 v to write göçürip ýazmak doesn't admit he's in the wrong. Bimamladygyny to copy (from) täzeden ýazmak to rewrite ýazyp bilip ýüzüni aşak salyp dur. Because of his fault almak to write down ýazyp bermek to write his face has fallen.; galat adj wrong, incorrect, down for someone uly ýazmak to write with false Seniň aýdýanlaryň galat. What you say is large handwriting kiçi ýazmak to write with not true. galat habar incorrect information galat small handwriting düşnükli ýazmak to write aýtmak tell a lie, tell lies; telek adj wrong, clearly düşnüksiz ýazmak to write illegibly goşgy mistaken ýazmak to write poetry

X x

X-ray rentgen [rent'gen] n X-ray photography rentgen şöhlesi rentgen suraty rentgen apparaty

Y y yakhna ýahna n yakhna [a cold boiled meat the next ýylyňýylyna from one year to the next dish] ýyl kesmek to sentence Sud oňa ýyl kesdi. The yard haýat 1 [ha:ýat] n yard haýatyň içinde in the judge gave him his sentence. comp. ýyla yard dönmek yarn ýüplük n yarn, thread Haly dürli ýüplük yearling tokly n yearling

lerden edilýär. Carpet is made of different kinds yellow sary1 [sa:ry] adj yellow sary reňk yellow of yarn. ýüplük egirmek to spin cotton into colour comp. sary garynja comp. sary getirme threads [carpets are made from woollen yarn] comp. saryyň gaýnamak comp. ýumurtganyň yawn pal1 [pa:l] n yawn, (fit of) yawning; sarysy pallamak [pa:llamak] v to yawn yes bar 3 [ba:r] adj yes Suw barmy? Bar. Is there year synp 1 cf: klas. n year, form, grade Ol ikinji water on? Yes. comp. Arma(ň)! Bar bol(uň)! klasda. S/he is in the second year. {school}; ýyl comp. bar bolmak comp. bary-ýogy ; hawa n year geljek ýyl next year öten ýyl last year interj yes Sen ertir gelermiň? -hawa Will you ýylbaýyl every year ýyl ýyldan from one year to come tomorrow? -Yes, I will. yesterday düýn adv yesterday Ol düýn geldi. He ladies came yesterday. comp. düýn-öňňin young_man ini 3 [ini:] cf: jigi. n young man yet entek adv yet, for the moment (term of address); jahyl 1 [ja:hy:l] n young yield eçilmek v to yield, provide man, youth, without knowledge or experience jahyl çykmak to reach manhood, or, to become yoghurt gatyk n yoghurt, soured cream; curds a young man Meniň oglum jahyl çykyp, turşy gatyk sour yoghurt; ýogurt n yoghurt, öýlendiribermeli. My son reached manhood and yogurt Türk ýogurty Turkish (style) yoghurt is of a marriageable age. yolk ýumurtganyň sarysy (comp. of sary1) yolk young_married_woman gelin 1 n young married of egg hamyra umurtganyň sarysyny goşup, woman owadan gelin beautiful bride gelin mikser bilen garmaly at first add to a flour a yolk edinmek to have a bride comp. gelin-gyz comp. of an egg, then mix it with a mixer gelneje Yomut ýomut Yomut (tribe) [one of the main younger_male ini 2 [ini:] cf: jigi. n younger male Turkmen tribes] relatives (via father) you sen Pronoun you (singular) seniň of you, your younger_sister uýa 1 cf: medsestra. n sister, (singular) saňa to you; siz Pronoun you (pl.) little sister Üýajygym, sag-aman otyrsyňmy? Gözi siziň of you, your size to you ullakan gyz seniň uýaňmy? {dial} young kiçi 2 adj young, younger meniň kiçi aýal youth gyzlyk 1 [gy:zlyk] n youth (re. girl) gyzlyk doganym my younger sister; körpe 1 adj young, döwri childhood (re. girl); jahyllyk 1 small, youngest körpe ogul younger son [ja:hy:llyk] n youth, time when one is young young_camel köşek 1 [kö:şek] n young camel, jahyllyk ýyllarynda in one's youth Onuň jahyllyk camel foal Düýä bir ýaşaýança köşek diýilýär, ýyllary örän agyr geçdi. He had many difficulties ondan soň ol ulalyp iner bolýar. Until one year in his youth.; juwan [juwa:n] n youth, young, çamel is called young camel, after that it's young person juwan ýigit young man Iki ýaş called iner. juwanyň durmuş toýy boldy. Two young people young_ladies gelin-gyz 1 [gelin-gy:z] (comp. of got married.; ýaş-ýeleň [ýa:ş-ýeleň] (comp. of gelin, gyz) n young ladies and girls obanyň ýaş2) n youth, young people; ýaşlyk [ýa:şlyk] n gyzlary young women and girls of the village; youth, youthfulness meniň ýaşlyk ýyllarym the gelin-gyz 2 [gelin-gy:z] (comp. of gelin, gyz) days of my youth; ýigdekçe n youth, lad, boy, n young ladies and girls obanyň gelinleri young chap {colloq}; ýigit n youth, lad, guy öýlenjek women and girls of the village toýuň bezegi ýigit bridegroom, fianc batyr ýigit brave lad goç gelinler the beauty of wedding party are young ýigit brave chap ýigit çykmak to reach maturity

Z z zeal gaýrat [gaýra:t] n zeal, energy comp. gaýrat et-dä! ; yhlas [yhla:s] n zeal, diligence, enthusiasm yhlas etmek to make an effort yhlas bilen işlemek to work with diligence zealous är 2 n zealous ol onuň äri he is her husband är ýerinde durmak to stay on man`s place Är bol! be brave är ýigit brave boy är çykmak to become elder är-aýal husband and wife äre çykmak to marry (for girls) ärlerçe bravery comp. ärli comp. ärsiz ; gaýratly [gaýra:tly] adj zealous, strong willed, energetic zero nol 1 num nought, zero zone zolak 3 [zo:lak] cf: zolzol1. n zone, region, land gorag zolagy border zone aralyk zolak no man's land; zona ['zona] n zone, area, belt araçäk zona sy frontier/boundary zone ösümlikler zonasy plant area