The American Deep State, Deep Events, and Off-The-Books Financing アメリカの深層国家、深層事件、そして帳簿外資金調達
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Chapter 48 – Creative Destructor
Chapter 48 Creative destructor Starting in the late 19th century, when the Hall-Heroult electrolytic reduction process made it possible for aluminum to be produced as a commodity, aluminum companies began to consolidate and secure raw material sources. Alcoa led the way, acquiring and building hydroelectric facilities, bauxite mines, alumina refineries, aluminum smelters, fabricating plants and even advanced research laboratories to develop more efficient processing technologies and new products. The vertical integration model was similar to the organizing system used by petroleum companies, which explored and drilled for oil, built pipelines and ships to transport oil, owned refineries that turned oil into gasoline and other products, and even set up retail outlets around the world to sell their products. The global economy dramatically changed after World War II, as former colonies with raw materials needed by developed countries began to ask for a piece of the action. At the same time, more corporations with the financial and technical means to enter at least one phase of aluminum production began to compete in the marketplace. As the global Big 6 oligopoly became challenged on multiple fronts, a commodity broker with a Machiavellian philosophy and a natural instinct for deal- making smelled blood and started picking the system apart. Marc Rich began by taking advantage of the oil market, out-foxing the petroleum giants and making a killing during the energy crises of the 1970s. A long-time metals trader, Rich next eyed the weakened aluminum industry during the 1980s, when depressed demand and over-capacity collided with rising energy costs, according to Shawn Tully’s 1988 account in Fortune. -
Sophistic Synthesis in JFK Assassination Rhetoric. 24P
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 400 532 CS 215 483 AUTHOR Gilles, Roger TITLE Sophistic Synthesis in JFK Assassination Rhetoric. PUB DATE Apr 93 NOTE 24p.; Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Conference on College Composition and Communication (44th, San Diego, CA, April 1-3, 1993). PUB TYPE Reports Evaluative/Feasibility (142) Speeches /Conference Papers (150) Historical Materials (060) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC01 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Higher Education; Historiography; Popular Culture; *Presidents of the United States; *Rhetorical Criticism; *Rhetorical Theory; *United States History IDENTIFIERS 1960s; *Assassinations; Classical Rhetoric; Garrison (Jim); *Kennedy (John F); Rhetorical Stance; Social Needs ABSTRACT The rhetoric surrounding the assassination of John F. Kennedy offers a unique testing ground for theories about the construction of knowledge in society. One dilemma, however, is the lack of academic theorizing about the assassination. The Kennedy assassination has been left almost exclusively in the hands of "nonhistorians," i.e., politicians, filmmakers, and novelists. Their struggle to reach consensus is an opportunity to consider recent issues in rhetorical theory, issues of knowledge and belief, argument and narrative, history and myth. In "Rereading the Sophists: Classical Rhetoric Refigured," Susan C. Jarratt uses the sophists and their focus on "nomos" to propose "an alternative analytic to the mythos/logos antithesis" characteristic of more Aristotelian forms of rhetorical analysis. Two basic features of sophistic historiography interest Jarratt: (1) the use of narrative structures along with or opposed to argumentative structures; and (2) the rhetorical focus on history to creative broad cultural meaning in the present rather than irrefutable fact,about the past. Jarratt's book lends itself to a 2-part reading of Jim Garrison's "On the Trail of the Assassins"--a rational or Aristotelian reading and a nomos-driven or myth-making reading. -
A List of the Records That Petitioners Seek Is Attached to the Petition, Filed Concurrently Herewith
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA IN RE PETITION OF STANLEY KUTLER, ) AMERICAN HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION, ) AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR LEGAL HISTORY, ) Miscellaneous Action No. ORGANIZATION OF AMERICAN HISTORIANS, ) and SOCIETY OF AMERICAN ARCHIVISTS. ) ) MEMORANDUM IN SUPPORT OF PETITION FOR ORDER DIRECTING RELEASE OF TRANSCRIPT OF RICHARD M. NIXON’S GRAND JURY TESTIMONY OF JUNE 23-24, 1975, AND ASSOCIATED MATERIALS OF THE WATERGATE SPECIAL PROSECUTION FORCE Professor Stanley Kutler, the American Historical Association, the American Society for Legal History, the Organization of American Historians, and the Society of American Archivists petition this Court for an order directing the release of President Richard M. Nixon’s thirty-five-year- old grand jury testimony and associated materials of the Watergate Special Prosecution Force.1 On June 23-24, 1975, President Nixon testified before two members of a federal grand jury who had traveled from Washington, DC, to San Clemente, California. The testimony was then presented in Washington, DC, to the full grand jury that had been convened to investigate political espionage, illegal campaign contributions, and other wrongdoing falling under the umbrella term Watergate. Watergate was the defining event of Richard Nixon’s presidency. In the early 1970s, as the Vietnam War raged and the civil rights movement in the United States continued its momentum, the Watergate scandal ignited a crisis of confidence in government leadership and a constitutional crisis that tested the limits of executive power and the mettle of the democratic process. “Watergate” was 1A list of the records that petitioners seek is attached to the Petition, filed concurrently herewith. -
The JFK Assassination and the Politics and Culture of Conspiracy Theory
A Paranoid Style? : The JFK Assassination and the Politics and Culture of Conspiracy Theory Joseph Broadbent Degree of Masters of Arts by Research University of East Anglia School of American Studies January 2014 This copy of the thesis has been supplied on condition that anyone who consults it is understood to recognise that its copyright rests with the author and that use of any information derived there from must be in accordance with current UK Copyright Law. In addition, any quotation or extract must include full attribution. 2 Abstract This thesis analyses the phenomenon of conspiracy theory, using the assassination of President John F. Kennedy as a case study. Doubt is the root cause of conspiracy theory, stemming from both the innate biases all humans exhibit, and a traumatic experience – in this case the assassination of JFK. This thesis argues that conspiracy theories are created and take hold because of a predisposition toward conspiracy theory, a misinterpretation of a central piece of evidence, such as the Zapruder film, and agency panic, where dispossession causes one to feel as if their agency is under threat. Conspiracy theory can provide believers with many emotions which appear to the individual to not be available elsewhere, namely closure, comfort, control, and a sense of leisure. Using the assassination of JFK, this thesis examines the role of conspiracy theory in modern American society. It weighs up the benefits of conspiracy theory, such as it is an example of free speech and it can aid transparency, with the negatives: that it can possibly cause harm to its adherents and their dependants because of a belief in ends justifying the means. -
Copyright by Benjamin Jonah Koch 2011
Copyright by Benjamin Jonah Koch 2011 The Dissertation Committee for Benjamin Jonah Koch Certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: Watchmen in the Night: The House Judiciary Committee’s Impeachment Inquiry of Richard Nixon Committee: David Oshinsky, Supervisor H.W. Brands Dagmar Hamilton Mark Lawrence Michael Stoff Watchmen in the Night: The House Judiciary Committee’s Impeachment Inquiry of Richard Nixon by Benjamin Jonah Koch, B.A.; M.A. Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Texas at Austin May 2011 Dedication To my grandparents For their love and support Acknowledgements I owe an immense debt of gratitude to my dissertation supervisor, David Oshinsky. When I arrived in graduate school, I did not know what it meant to be a historian and a writer. Working with him, especially in the development of this manuscript, I have come to understand my strengths and weaknesses, and he has made me a better historian. Thank you. The members of my dissertation committee have each aided me in different ways. Michael Stoff’s introductory historiography seminar helped me realize exactly what I had gotten myself into my first year of graduate school—and made it painless. I always enjoyed Mark Lawrence’s classes and his teaching style, and he was extraordinarily supportive during the writing of my master’s thesis, as well as my qualifying exams. I workshopped the first two chapters of my dissertation in Bill Brands’s writing seminar, where I learned precisely what to do and not to do. -
Nixon's Caribbean Milieu, 1950–1968
Dark Quadrant: Organized Crime, Big Business, and the Corruption of American Democracy Online Appendix: Nixon’s Caribbean Milieu, 1950–1968 By Jonathan Marshall “Though his working life has been passed chiefly on the far shores of the continent, close by the Pacific and the Atlantic, some emotion always brings Richard Nixon back to the Caribbean waters off Key Biscayne and Florida.”—T. H. White, The Making of the President, 19681 Richard Nixon, like millions of other Americans, enjoyed Florida and the nearby islands of Cuba and the Bahamas as refuges where he could leave behind his many cares and inhibitions. But he also returned again and again to the region as an important ongoing source of political and financial support. In the process, the lax ethics of its shadier operators left its mark on his career. This Sunbelt frontier had long attracted more than its share of sleazy businessmen, promoters, and politicians who shared a get-rich-quick spirit. In Florida, hustlers made quick fortunes selling worthless land to gullible northerners and fleecing vacationers at illegal but wide-open gambling joints. Sheriffs and governors protected bookmakers and casino operators in return for campaign contributions and bribes. In nearby island nations, as described in chapter 4, dictators forged alliances with US mobsters to create havens for offshore gambling and to wield political influence in Washington. Nixon’s Caribbean milieu had roots in the mobster-infested Florida of the 1940s. He was introduced to that circle through banker and real estate investor Bebe Rebozo, lawyer Richard Danner, and Rep. George Smathers. Later this chapter will explore some of the diverse connections of this group by following the activities of Danner during the 1968 presidential campaign, as they touched on Nixon’s financial and political ties to Howard Hughes, the South Florida crime organization of Santo Trafficante, and mobbed-up hotels and casinos in Las Vegas and Miami. -
MI6: Fifty Years of Special Operations
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by University of Huddersfield Repository University of Huddersfield Repository Dorril, Stephen A Critical Review: MI6: Fifty years of special operations Original Citation Dorril, Stephen (2010) A Critical Review: MI6: Fifty years of special operations. Doctoral thesis, University of Huddersfield. This version is available at http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/9763/ The University Repository is a digital collection of the research output of the University, available on Open Access. Copyright and Moral Rights for the items on this site are retained by the individual author and/or other copyright owners. Users may access full items free of charge; copies of full text items generally can be reproduced, displayed or performed and given to third parties in any format or medium for personal research or study, educational or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge, provided: • The authors, title and full bibliographic details is credited in any copy; • A hyperlink and/or URL is included for the original metadata page; and • The content is not changed in any way. For more information, including our policy and submission procedure, please contact the Repository Team at: [email protected]. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/ University of Huddersfield PhD by Publication STEPHEN DORRIL A Critical Review: MI6: FIFTY YEARS OF SPECIAL OPERATIONS Presented December 2010 1 I would like to thank Professor Keith Laybourn for his welcome comments and generous support during the writing of this review. - Stephen Dorril 2 CONTENTS 1. THE REVIEW page 4 to page 40 - Introduction page 4 to page 8 - Methodology and Research page 9 to page 25 - Contents page 26 to page 35 - Impact page 36 to page 40 - Conclusion page 41 to page 42 2. -
FDR, Japan, Pearl Harbor, and the Entry Into War in the Pacific
Provocation and Angst: FDR, Japan, Pearl Harbor, and the Entry into War in the Pacific paul s. burtness and warren u. ober Through the afternoon of December 7, 1941, President Franklin Roosevelt kept getting more disheartening news about the devasta- tion wreaked by the Japanese raid on Pearl Harbor. These reports were hard for him to fathom, for he knew that Washington had sent repeated alerts to all the Pacific bases—indeed, FDR had personally ordered warnings sent on November 27 and 28, which included a note that in a confrontation the United States would prefer to have the enemy fire first.1 This provision catered to Congressional isola- tionists, who would support combat only if U.S. forces were under attack. Although the president, unlike Secretary of War Henry Stim- son, was not surprised by the attack, the outcome must have caused him grave angst.2 Paul S. Burtness is Professor of English Emeritus at Northern Illinois University, where he served for ten years as Dean of the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences. Warren U. Ober is Distinguished Professor of English Emeritus at the University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, where he served for ten years as Chair of the English Department. Both Burtness and Ober were junior U.S. Naval Reserve officers during World War II. Burtness was gunnery officer aboard the destroyer escort USS Kyne (DE 744), and Ober was a communications officer on the staff of Admiral Howard F. Kingman, Commander, Battleship Division 9, and, later, Commander, 3rd Fleet. In addition to publications in their field of English language and literature, Burtness and Ober have written extensively on Pearl Harbor and the onset of WW II in the Pacific. -
The Dulles Brothers, Harry Dexter White, Alger Hiss, and the Fate of the Private Pre-War International Banking System ダレ ス兄弟、ハリー·デクスター·ホワイト、アルジャー·ヒス 戦前の民 間国際金融制度の運命
Volume 12 | Issue 16 | Number 3 | Article ID 4109 | Apr 20, 2014 The Asia-Pacific Journal | Japan Focus The Dulles Brothers, Harry Dexter White, Alger Hiss, and the Fate of the Private Pre-War International Banking System ダレ ス兄弟、ハリー·デクスター·ホワイト、アルジャー·ヒス 戦前の民 間国際金融制度の運命 Peter Dale Scott administration… was able to act almost at will as he was shielded German translation is available from any unpleasant consequences.3 The election of Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1952 had permanent consequences for U.S. foreign policy. The U.S. major oil companies, which The 1952 Republican campaign, for which John before the election were facing criminal Foster Dulles was partly responsible, charges for their cartel arrangements, instead successfully attacked Truman’s supposed were freed to continue their activities, until “In weakness in dealing with the alleged treason of two of his civil servants, Treasury assistant some of the faraway countries where it did secretary Harry Dexter White, and State business.… Exxon’s sway over local politics and Department official Alger Hiss. In fact neither security was greater than that of the United White nor Hiss was ever convicted of treason; States embassy.”1 Parallel to this was a radical nor were they ever proven to have committed escalation in 1953 of CIA covert operations. it. But both men’s careers had been ruined by Major plots to overthrow the governments of the sensational charges brought against them Iran and Guatemala, both of which had been in 1948 by a freshman congressman, Richard turned down by Truman and his Secretary of Nixon, in the House Un-American Activities State, Dean Acheson, now proceeded, Committee (HUAC). -
The Anchor, Volume 97.11: November 14, 1984
Hope College Hope College Digital Commons The Anchor: 1984 The Anchor: 1980-1989 11-14-1984 The Anchor, Volume 97.11: November 14, 1984 Hope College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.hope.edu/anchor_1984 Part of the Library and Information Science Commons Recommended Citation Repository citation: Hope College, "The Anchor, Volume 97.11: November 14, 1984" (1984). The Anchor: 1984. Paper 23. https://digitalcommons.hope.edu/anchor_1984/23 Published in: The Anchor, Volume 97, Issue 11, November 14, 1984. Copyright © 1984 Hope College, Holland, Michigan. This News Article is brought to you for free and open access by the The Anchor: 1980-1989 at Hope College Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Anchor: 1984 by an authorized administrator of Hope College Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Chinese Delegates Visit Hope Hope College had three ferent clubs which range from Chinese visitors on campus this photography to science. Each past Monday. May 20, Nanjing University's an- Nanjing University Vice- niversary, the clubs give special president Yuan Xiangwan, Pro- demonstrations of what they fessor of English Huang Cheng have done over the year. Feng, and International Educa- The three delegates are tion Professor Shang Zhen are visiting schools which they have halfway through a tour of various student exchanges with. They educational institutions in the were brought to Hope through a United States. grant from Exxon which has Mr. Yuan, with Mrs. Huang been providing for the interna- translating, addressed the facul- tionalizing of Hope's campus. ty at a luncheon. -
The Spectacle of the False-Flag
The Spectacle of the False-Flag THE SPECTACLE OF THE FALSE-FLAG: PARAPOLITICS FROM JFK TO WATERGATE Eric Wilson THE SPECTACLE OF THE FALSE-FLAG: PARAPOLITICS from JFK to WATERGATE Eric Wilson, Monash University 2015 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This work is Open Access, which means that you are free to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work as long as you clearly attribute the work to the author, that you do not use this work for commercial gain in any form whatsoever, and that you in no way, alter, transform, or build upon the work outside of its normal use in academic scholarship without express permission of the author and the publisher of this volume. For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the license terms of this work. First published in 2015 by Thought | Crimes an imprint of punctumbooks.com ISBN-13: 978-0988234055 ISBN-10: 098823405X and the full book is available for download via our Open Monograph Press website (a Public Knowledge Project) at: www.thoughtcrimespress.org a project of the Critical Criminology Working Group, publishers of the Open Access Journal: Radical Criminology: journal.radicalcriminology.org Contact: Jeff Shantz (Editor), Dept. of Criminology, KPU 12666 72 Ave. Surrey, BC V3W 2M8 [ + design & open format publishing: pj lilley ] I dedicate this book to my Mother, who watched over me as I slept through the spectacle in Dallas on November 22, 1963 and who was there to celebrate my birthday with me during the spectacle at the Watergate Hotel on June 17, 1972 Contents Editor©s Preface ................................................................ -
Increasing the Volume on Post-9/11 Literature
Increasing the Volume on Post-9/11 Literature By Clair King-Sheehan Thesis submitted for PhD Degree University of Limerick Supervisor of Research: Dr David Coughlan Submitted to the University of Limerick, September 2015 Table of Contents Abstract v Declaration vi Acknowledgements vii List of Appendices viii List of Abbreviations ix Introduction 1 The Twin Towers 1 Role of Overtly Political Fiction in the U.S. 11 Reds Under the Beds: A Twentieth Century Crisis 26 Theoretical Relationship between Politics and Literature 29 Changes in Approach 35 The Novels 40 Chapter 1: “What the?” 44 Why the Question? 52 Foer’s Vision 54 The Falling Man 58 Foer’s Metaphor for America 63 Nothing to Declare 66 Competing Political Ideologies 73 Unreliability or Miscommunication? 83 In Safe Company 87 Comparisons on a sensitive subject 94 ii Chapter 2: Faint Echoes of DeLillo – The Fiction of Politics 102 The Power of Images 119 A Grief Observed 126 Falling Man 132 Bill Lawton – the enemy 134 Ernst Hechinger – the European Perspective 138 David Janiak – The Muted Spectacle 143 Hammad – the three Positions of the “Other” 145 “On Marienstrasse” 146 “In Nokomis” 148 “In the Hudson Corridor” 148 Point Omega 150 The Fall: DeLillo’s Post-9/11 opus 161 Chapter 3: Updike’s Reluctant American 165 Terrorist (2006) 183 Terrorist vs. Terrorist 188 The Troublesome Other 195 A Questionable Jewish Persona 204 Enter the Woman 209 The Schizophrenic Other 216 Chapter 4: Kingsolver’s Hidden Intention 222 September 2001 – 224 Now versus Then 231 The Gap 244 The Lacuna 249 iii BACK HOME 265 “In the beginning were the howlers” 275 Conclusion 278 Appendix A 285 Bibliography 288 iv Abstract: “Increasing the Volume on Post-9/11 Literature” By Clair King-Sheehan The intention of this study has been to engage directly with several major novels that appeared in the wake of the fall of the Twin Towers.