9 Malmaison Hotel 1 Redheugh Bridge 7 Newcastle Tyne Gateshead Bridge Perhaps Newcastle’s most famous landmark, the bridge was completed in 1928. Designed by Mott, Hay and Anderson and based on their design for the Sydney Quayside Harbour Bridge blueprint, the Newcastle construction 4 Centre For Life consists of a 162 metre span two-hinged steel arch with a suspended road deck 25.6 metres above high water. 1 8 Redheugh 2 1 King Edward VII Railway Bridge Bridge Sage 5 Central Station Gateshead Occupying the site of two former crossings this post tensioned concrete box structure was An international architectural competition was staged to opened by Diana, Princess of Wales in 1984. The find the best design for the sixty million pound structure. bridge not only carries four traffic lanes and The building houses a 1650 seat auditorium, music school, a footpath, but also gas, water, electricity and 400 seat hall, rehearsal hall, information centre, concourse telephone services. and foyer. 2 9 King Edward VII Malmaison 3 High Level Bridge Railway Bridge Hotel Built to supplement the High Level Bridge and Probably the oldest surviving large scale ferro (reinforced) increase the capacity of the railway network, the concrete building in the UK, the former CWS (Co-op) 12 Queen Elizabeth II Metro Bridge 1906 structure has four massive steel lattice girder banana warehouse was constructed using the Hennibique spans to carry the quartet of tracks. system in 1901. Opened in 1997 the Malmaison retains the original internal pillars and ultra thick walls. 3 6 Swing Bridge High 10 Level Bridge Law Courts This rare example of a combined road and rail bridge, with its 38 metre spans, completed the East Coast rail link to Newcastle in 1849. Robert Stephenson designed Opened in 1990 this award winning 5-storey courts this outstanding structure using cast and wrought iron complex heralded the start of quayside regeneration. The and innovative techniques. building which includes ten crown courts and three county courts, was constructed using reinforced concrete, red brick, Dumfries sandstone and Shap granite. 4 7 Tyne Bridge 10 Law Courts Centre 11 for life Gateshead This landmark Millennium project brings together Millennium Bridge science, biotechnology, research and education, entertainment and ethics on a single site. A pride of place feature is the Helix, a visitor attraction in the The Tyne’s first 21st century bridge enables people to shape of a leaf. walk between Newcastle Quayside and Gateshead’s Baltic Square and quays. With two steel arches the bridge operates like an opening eye, turning on a pivot to form a 11 The Millenium Bridge gateway arch. 5 8 Sage Gateshead Central 12 Station QueenElizabeth II Built on a curve and engineered using curved iron Metro Bridge ribs this structure is recognised as one of Britain’s finest rail sheds. Opened by Queen Victoria in 1850 the train shed was designed by Robert Stephenson Opened in 1981 by HM the Queen this bridge enables the with the impressive stone frontage being designed Metro to connect Tyneside and Wearside. The Steel Truss by Newcastle’s most famous architect John Dobson. construction has a maximum span of 168 metres. 6 13 BALTIC 13 Tyne Swing BALTIC Bridge Built on the site of the Roman bridge replaced by a medieval masonry bridge which was swept away in the Constructed as a 200,000 ton capacity grain store with over great flood of 1771 and a low arch Georgian bridge, a hundred vertical concrete silos encased in a neoclassical the Swing bridge was built in 1876 to enable vessels to monumental style facade, the 1949 building has been pass to reach the upstream works and shipyards. Still transformed into an international centre for contemporary *PLEASE NOTE THIS IS A GRAPHIC REPRESENTATION AND art. The facade has been retained with the shafts being THE LOCATION OF STRUCTURES AND BUILDINGS ON THIS operational, the single 85 metre swinging section is MAP IS NOT 100% ACCURATE. driven by the original hydraulic machinery. replaced by floors. to Look Out for Out Look to Civil Engineering Landmarks Engineering Civil Newcastle Gateshead Winner Second KYLE ABLETT EMILY BARNES Quayside High Level Bridge Quayside It was the Romans who designed The seven unique major bridges in the two mile stretch and constructed one of the great were designed and built by civil engineers using new civil engineering feats – Hadrian’s materials and innovative construction techniques to meet the needs of shipyards, heavy industry and the Wall, now recognised as of world London to Edinburgh railway. heritage importance. The great Water was essential to the Industrial Revolution. Clean defensive barrier built between water had to be delivered and dirty water removed for industry to function. Civil engineers designed and built AD122 and 126 stretched 115 miles reservoirs and laid pipe and sewer networks. The Tyne Second from Wallsend on the outskirts of was used as a waste water outlet and became one of the Third most polluted rivers in England. LAUREN ISABEL MATHIAS SPENCE Newcastle to the Solway Firth in Sage Gateshead In recent years, however, tunnels have been built on Millenium Bridge Cumbria. both banks to collect waste water and deliver to new treatment works. These civil engineering structures have lead to a clean river where fish and even seals thrive. The Wall defended part of the Roman Empire’s northern boundary and led to the settlement on the Tyne’s north In the Industrial Revolution the development of the bank known as Pons Aelius, later to become Newcastle. railways was inexorably linked with the coal industry This was the first major crossing of the Tyne. and horse drawn coal wagons gave way to steam Quayside driven locomotives which haul fifty times the load. The Key materials for the Industrial Revolution, coal and potential to carry passengers and freight was recognised Newcastle Gateshead Gateshead Newcastle iron, were found in abundance in the North East. The by George Stephenson who constructed the first public region experienced an explosion of activity with the railway from Stockton to Darlington in 1825. His son development of heavy industry – in particular ship and Robert built the famous “Rocket” in the world’s first locomotive building and chemicals manufacturing. locomotive factory behind Newcastle station, part of Students’ Quayside images featured as part of ICE and The Quayside, the walls of which date back to which remains and which has been restored by The Roman times, became the focal point for the trade of Robert Stephenson Trust. Newcastle College Photo Competition manufactured goods during the boom years of Victorian Britain. The rapid development of railways heralded an innovative era in bridge-building as rivers and valleys Around 1900 Newcastle lost its place as the UK’s premier needed to be spanned. The then unique High Level road coal port and trade declined. This downward spiral and rail bridge built more that 160 years ago is a prime Many of the photographs used in this leaflet were Michael Taylor, Heritage Panel Chairman at culminated in 1981 with the port’s closure to commercial example of such imaginative thinking by Victorian civil taken by Newcastle College students who took ICE North East, said: ships. A fresh revolution began in 1987 when the engineers. part in a competition run by the Institution of Civil foundations of the revitalised quayside were laid. Each Engineers. Featured in the winning entries were the “These fantastic photographs will be new commercial and cultural development represents The railway network spread rapidly with major city High Level Bridge, Millennium Bridge and the Sage massive infrastructure investment change: the innovative terminals such as Newcastle Central Station linking inter Gateshead. First place went to Kyle Ablett, from used to help inform the public of the work buildings, quay walls, - which hold back massive weights city routes with local lines. The integration of the rail Hebburn with his picture of the iconic archways of of earth – and services reflect the work of the civil network has been extended to include the Tyne and Robert Stephenson’s High Level Bridge (top left), of civil engineers and how it benefits engineer. Wear Metro. Lauren Spence of West Denton took joint second place with a shot of the Millennium Bridge opened everyday life. The images depict the Early wagon ways gave birth to the railway era with Tyneside’s successful regeneration has been due largely to allow boats to pass (above), together with an historic significance and engineering its horse drawn trucks and later coal fired steam to imaginative and innovative regeneration of derelict unusual angle shot down the Quayside, taking heritage of the Tyne and will hopefully locomotives which made their debut in the North land and structures; reclaimed sites now contain hi- in a number of bridges (top), by Emily Barnes East. As railways developed, civil engineers wrestled tech business parks, shopping centres, parks, sports from Walker. Third spot went to Isabel Mathias encourage people to visit the area and with the problems of laying lines around, over and and leisure areas and nature reserves. The quayside from Hebburn, with an abstract look at The Sage through such natural obstacles as rivers, valleys and hills. epitomises successful re-use of buildings and land. Gateshead (above). appreciate the icons around them”. Transport and communications have always been keys to development: structures for road, rail and air transport, As well as coal, oil, gas and nuclear fuel, wind, water telecommunications and the internet are built and and sun are utilised for power generation. The North maintained by civil engineers. East is a centre of engineering excellence; new offshore oil and gas platforms and wind farms, as well as hi-tech The River Tyne bridges – the image the world associates buildings among current developments.