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H Rizons Eur Pean EUR PEAN H RIZONS European Security Spring Forum 2017 The Leadership Chasm: Intergenerational Strategies to Revitalize Transatlantic Security Cooperation April 14th, 2017 TABLE OF CONTENTS 3 Preamble 4 Goals 5 Themes 7 Plan 11 Agenda 13 More on Who We Are 14 Student Participants 15 Contact Persons european horizons • www.europeanhorizons.org PREAMBLE European Horizons is a US-based, non-partisan think tank devoted to explor- ing the meaning of the European identity, modernizing and reforming the concept of the social market economy, advancing the cause of European integration, and deepening transatlantic relations. Our mission is to weave a more integrated social fabric in Europe and to strengthen the confidence of our Union through organizing events, connecting people, and putting forward new ideas. As the only transatlantic student think tank in the world that deals with European affairs, European Horizons has built a network of students, professors, and European decision-makers, linking our work to academia, politics, civil society, and business. On April 14th 2017, European Horizons will convene a day-long European Security Spring Forum in partnership with the Atlantic Council. Political establishments everywhere are in upheaval, and transatlantic security coop- eration faces a number of threats. The rise of counter-globalization forces partially supported by Russia represents a significant challenge to the values underpinning the liberal world order. Terrorist attacks committed by mem- bers of alienated communities have struck Europe. At the same time, deter- mined action is plagued by a lack of leadership and visionary approaches. Although the EU has a Common Security and Defense Policy (CSDP), it has lost momentum, partially due to major differences in the strategic attitudes of the different nation states. Moreover, its relationship with NATO is all the more uncertain in light of the recent US election. Our response is to bring together leaders from different generations to refine our expertise, formulate innovative strategies, and develop our lead- ership abilities. At the Spring Forum, we will create a forum for rising trans- atlantic leaders and thinkers to explore the challenges facing Europe and the US-European partnership, to question the status quo, and to start building a fresh vision for future transatlantic security cooperation. Another aim of the forum is to empower students and equip them with the means to act as leaders in a period of upheaval. 3 european horizons • www.europeanhorizons.org GOALS On the basis of this vision, the Forum shall seek to realise two goals: • First, to outline a shared vision for transatlantic security cooperation and unity. This vision will be defined by a set of policy options organized around 4 main themes: 1. The values underlying the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) 2. Brexit, President Trump, and the rise of counter-globalization 3. CSDP, NATO, and humanitarian intervention 4. The Role of the Transatlantic Community in Counterterrorism • Second, to equip our students with the leadership skills necessary to address the policy challenges presented by the current complex security environment. 4 european horizons • www.europeanhorizons.org THEMES 1. The values underlying CSDP: The United States has been pushing Europe for decades to develop its own autonomous defense capabilities to deal with regional conflicts. The EU has made numerous small scale interventions, but has not been able to take on the medium scale peace enforcement actions envisaged by CSDP. In the meantime, European leaders debate how to align the CDSP with European values. Many argue that the large differences in strategic cultures and the lack of basic con- sensus have paralyzed the CDSP. Establishing a set of common values on the subject of European defence will thus require both inclusiveness and leadership. How do we begin to reconcile conflicting cultural paradigms in order to agree on a common set of values? How can Europe exercise military strength in a way that is consistent with its values? Which nations are best equipped to objectively assume leadership in the security area? Should traditional leaders within the EU such as Germany necessarily exercise the same amount of influence over such issues? 2. Brexit, President Trump, and the rise of counter-globalization: Defense integration inherently implies a loss of sovereignty, since it requires nations to partially surrender ownership and control of their security assets. Recently, there has been a strong backlash against globalization within many European nations and the United States in favor of greater national sovereignty. Moreover, Russia is challenging international establishments like NATO and the EU by portraying them as threats to national interests and actively supporting the political forces that oppose them. How do we sustain defense cooperation with the UK in the after- math of Brexit? How can we incorporate national security concerns within a common security framework? How can we engage and cooperate with Russia without compromising the EU? What kind of narratives can create more agreement around defense cooperation? 3. CSDP, NATO and humanitarian intervention: CSDP was intended to empower the EU to take collective action on humanitarian crises such as those in the Balkans and Libya. But given the level of disagreement over the policy’s core values, there is no consensus on what types of interventions the EU should engage in and how to relate to NATO. At the same time, many challenges remain for structuring interventions 5 european horizons • www.europeanhorizons.org to such complex conflicts, since, as many argue, they require more than just military capacities. The EU has had trouble getting the needed civilian experts engaged with conflict zones in the past. How do we best implement the integrated cultural paradigm discussed above? Should the EU develop its own independent defense policy, or should it continue under a NATO umbrella with US leadership? Should the EU be limited to small scale peacekeeping missions, or should it play a more active role in medium scale peace enforcement conflicts such as in Libya? How do we structure CSDP in order to deal with complex humanitarian interventions in culturally foreign settings? 4. The Role of the Transatlantic Community in Counterterrorism: Traditional counterterrorism techniques rely on developing intelligence on the terror network, followed by the targeting and eliminating of individual nodes. The effectiveness of this traditional approach has been countered by the social nature of terrorist networks often deeply embedded into local com- munities. An alternate approach is to engage social networks by leveraging their structure to co-opt or reconcile radicalized and alienated social groups. The US and several other allies have significant experience with this approach in the aftermath of Iraq and Afghanistan. At the same time, the EU has continued to experience substantial threats from terror net- works within its own borders. What are the lessons for the EU from this experience? How should authorities effectively engage with immigrant communities vulnerable to radical- ization in a way that promotes social integration and encourages early detection of potential terror plots? How do we police and monitor at-risk communities in ways that will not alien- ate them further? 6 european horizons • www.europeanhorizons.org PLAN Below is outlined some preliminary guidance for 1) the participants, 2) the speakers, 3) the sessions, 4) the financing, 5) the location. Participants We expect fifty participants. A list of student participants is also enclosed toward the end of the prospectus • Representative from among the following European Horizons Chapter (27), comprising: Autonomous University Sciences Po Paris, of Barcelona Humboldt University Bath University Seton Hall University Brigham Young University Texas A&M University Corvinus University of Budapest University of Chicago Europa-University Viadriana University of Denver George Washington University of Michigan Georgetown University University of Rochester Georgia Tech University of St Andrews Harvard University University of Wisconsin-Madison Hult International Business School University of Wyoming Johns Hopkins University Wellesley College London School of Economics Yale University • The European Horizons Executive Board and Conference Team (16) • The European Horizons Board of Directors (2) • Young professionals from the Atlantic Council’s Millennials leadership program (about 5) 7 european horizons • www.europeanhorizons.org Partners Our primary partner for the event is the Atlantic Council. They have gener- ously agreed to fund the venue, breakfast, and coffee breaks. In addition, the Atlantic Council helped us secure experts for the breakout panels. European Horizons also received generous support from other partners. Google has agreed to host a reception the night before the conference. European Parliament Liaison Office to the US Congress to provide support for lunch on the day of the conference. The Yale University Office of Public Affairs and Communications kindly provided outreach support. In addition to these partners, we received support from the German Marshall Fund, Brookings Institution, the European Delegation, the French Delegation, the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, George Washington University and the Bertelsmann Foundation. Informal support, particularly regarding the framing of topics and the
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