Belfast: the Far from Sublime City in Brian Moore's Early Novels
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Technological University Dublin ARROW@TU Dublin Articles School of Business and Humanities 2001 Belfast: the Far from Sublime City in Brian Moore's Early Novels Eamon Maher Technological University Dublin, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://arrow.tudublin.ie/ittbus Part of the Modern Literature Commons Recommended Citation Maher, E. (2001). Belfast: the far from sublime city in Brian Moore's early novels. Studies: an Irish quarterly review, vol.90, no. 360 (Winter 2001), p. 422-431. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the School of Business and Humanities at ARROW@TU Dublin. It has been accepted for inclusion in Articles by an authorized administrator of ARROW@TU Dublin. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 4.0 License Belfast: The Far from Sublime City in Brian Moore's Early Novels Author(s): Eamon Maher Source: Studies: An Irish Quarterly Review, Vol. 90, No. 360 (Winter, 2001), pp. 422-431 Published by: Irish Province of the Society of Jesus Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/30095508 . Accessed: 17/02/2014 04:43 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Irish Province of the Society of Jesus is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Studies: An Irish Quarterly Review. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 149.157.1.168 on Mon, 17 Feb 2014 04:43:01 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions "Belfast:The far from Sublime City in Brian Moore's early novels" "BELFAST: THE FAR FROM SUBLIME CITY IN BRIAN MOORE'S EARLY NOVELS." Ea600 Maher Thecity has beena sourceof inspirationfor many writers. Joyce's depictions of Dublinhave promptedmuch cultural tourism in ourcapital as the annual Bloomsdaycelebrations will attestto. New York,Paris, London, Madrid have all been describedboth positivelyand negativelyin numerousworks of fiction.Belfast has inevitablyhad her bards, few probablybetter known than the novelistBrian Moore (1921-1999), who wrote several novels set in places as far afieldas Canada,the US, France,South America and North Africa. It seemsto me, however,that most of Moore'sbest fictionwas set in Belfast. His views on the city havebeen well-documented in his radioand television interviews,where he commentson its repressive,sectarian nature, its resistanceto change,its immutability.He was born and rearedin Clifton Street,directly opposite the OrangeHall, and he thushad an excellent view of the statueof King Billy on his whitehorse, a symbolof the originsof the religiousconflict that has longbedeviled the history of this island.Moore, the nephewof Eoin McNeill,one of the foundersof the GaelicLeague and the manwho signedthe countermandingorder for the 1916 Rebellion,was part of an extremelyCatholic nationalisticfamily. By his own admission, however,he `lackedthe religioussense', and thus always felt uncomfortable in a city wherepeople take their religious allegiance so seriously.He hated the educationhe receivedat St. Malachy's,the diocesanschool where you were canedfor the slightestmisdemeanour, and he soon discoveredthat he hadno interestin becominga doctor,like his fatherand brothers before him. He achedto escapefrom Belfast and the SecondWorld War provided him withthe opportunity.He joined the British Ministry of WarTransport and his workbrought him to NorthAfrica, France and Italy. When he subsequently joinedthe UnitedNations, he was sent to Polandwhere his infatuationwith an olderlady promptedhim to headto Canada.He workedfor a few years with the 600treal Gazette.Then, afterthe break-upof his first marriage, Mooresettled in Californiawith his secondwife, Jean,and he spentthe rest of his life there. I mentionthese few biographicalfacts to illustratehow Moore visited and lived in manyplaces around the world.He was exposedto severalcultures andexperiences after he left Belfastaged 21. So he couldnot be describedas parochialin any senseof the term.He returnedregularly to Belfastto see his motherbut each time he visitedhis firstthoughts were how quicklyhe could leave again withoutinsulting his family. Belfast, a city he loathed,was neverthelessthe place wherehe decidedto situatehis earlyfiction. I will attemptto illustratehow the city's landscapeand architecture,its sights, 422 This content downloaded from 149.157.1.168 on Mon, 17 Feb 2014 04:43:01 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions Studies Volume 90 Number360 soundsand smells were imbedded in theauthor's consciousness. Moore liked to quotethe Frenchwriter and Nobel Prizewinner, Francois Mauriac, who saidthat for the novelist the doorcloses at twenty,by whichhe meantthat the eventsof the firsttwenty years of life formthe basisof our futureconcerns and preoccupations.Belfast was whereMoore's artistictemperament was moulded even though, in `:..hewalked in a dull orderto nurturehis vocation,he was impelledto citywhere men made leave the city. In a passagefrom `The Expatriate 600ey theway Writer'Moore describes a departurefrom Belfast. charwomenwash Having boarded the ferry, which marks the f oors,dully, alone, at a slowmethodical embarkingon a new existence, the young " emigrantstrikes up a conversationwith a man pace who asks him what are his reasonsfor leaving Ireland: I'm leavinghome because I don'twant to be a doctorlike myfather andbrothers. Because I wantto be a writer.I wantto write...Perhaps that'sthe way a lot ofpeople becomewriters. They don't like the role they'replaying and writing seems a betterone.' In reallife, Mooredid not realiseat the timewhat the futureheld in storefor him.He hadno inklingthat he wouldend up as a writer.What he did know was thathe was suffocatingin Belfastand that he wantedto contributeto the war effort on the Allies' side. There was a sense in which the artistic temperamentwas suspectin the city he was leaving.Were he to havestayed, he wouldhave run the risk of slippinginto the same Catholicghetto that ensnaressome of his characters.Belfast may be the inspirationof most of Moore'sbest writingbut he could neverhave writtenabout it so forcibly, sometimesso cruelly,had he not left it. Therecan be no doubtthat the door closedfor him, as forMauriac, at twenty. TheLonely Passion of JudithHearne (1955 is a remarkablefirst novel. Mooreadmitted how conscioushe was of Joycewhen he beganto writethis book: I wantedto about own loss butdid not wishto risk *rite my offaith, adversecomparisons with him (Joyce by describingthe loss offaith in a youngIrishman... I decidedto writenot aboutan intellectual's loss but the loss in someonedevout, the sort offaith of of faith 2 of womanmy mother would have known, a `sodalitylady' Thechoice of heroinewas inspirational.Judith is thevictim of a domineering auntwho demandsthat she sacrificeher futureto carefor herwhen the old lady becomesan invalid.After the aunt'sdeath, Judith has lost whatever youthfulnessand charm she oncepossessed and, in addition,is in a precarious financialposition. The opening pages of thenovel see Judithmoving into new digs. She is a womanimbued with muchof the snobberyof her class and, 423 This content downloaded from 149.157.1.168 on Mon, 17 Feb 2014 04:43:01 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions "Belfast:The far from Sublime City in Brian Moore 's early novels" althoughshe doesn'tpossess much in termsof materialpossessions, she is acutelyaware of being somehowsuperior to her landladyand the other tenantsof the lodginghouse: Thestreet outsidewas a universitybywater, once a good residential area, whichhad lately beenreduced to the level of takingin paying guests.Miss Hearne stared at the housesopposite and thoughtof her aunt'sday when there were only private families in thisstreet, at least one maid to everyhouse, and dinnerwas at night,not at noon.All gone now and all thosepeople deadand all thehouses partitioned off intoflats 3. The settingclearly doesn't appeal to Judith.In her mind,it's just another exampleof how the city is faIlinginto social and moral decay. She is awareof the fact that she doesn'treally belong in Belfast,or anywhereelse for that matter.She is partof a worldand class that have all butdisappeared. This is why her prize possessionsare her aunt'spicture and the oleographof the SacredHeart, which she carefullyhangs up eachtime she movesdigs. These are the remindersof whatshe holdsmost dear:her familyand her religion. But neither gives her much comfort. She is desperateto experience companionship,love, adventureand is excitedby herfirst encounter with the brotherof her landlady,Mr. Madden,recently returned from the United States.She says to him:"I'm sure you findBelfast dull, after New York.My goodness,after all that excitement.It's so up-to-dateand everything,New York,I mean."(p.28). Maddendoes indeedfind Belfastdull. Whenwalking through the damp streetsof the Ulstercapital, he remembershow the Big Applehums with the businessof makingmillions. He thinks of the shows on Broadway,the wisecracksyou hear on the streetsand finds the contrastwith his present