1.95(1 . _·, CONGRESSIONAL· RECORD-. HOUSE. 3425 hensive-na.tional highway.: program and.enact. ence to requesttng passage o! legislation for. eration of their resolution with ref'erence legisl&tion · during the Mth Congress pra- . an. equitable reapportionment. o! nrember• · to sounding the. alarm to. the peoples yet free . '\rlding for the' ,authorization. and -::tlnancing ship in the Legislature of the Territoey _of regarding the exp&nsfon of conmn1nis~ and' of such a program;. to the Commit.tee. ·· on Hawaii;. to. the Committee :on Intenior and!· that. ou~ greatest: trust .. lles Jn :the gener. Ptibllc Works. · - Insular Affairs: . i • o.sity and enlightened sel!-in.ter~t. Of. this - 580. Also. petition Of the- county clerk• . 681 ~ Also, peti tion of the. president~ .the f!!ee and. powerful country, tbe. :Untte . - EXTENS.IONS" Of R·EMA Anniversary of Independence of world, and which nQw has gallant Lit huania. pected that these powerplants will pay within its grasp. We will be. steadfast in the not only for the. cos.t of the pow~ dams Lithuania posltion that all peoples can live in peace' and harmony and. that man.'s right to be free, and installations but a:Isa 88 percent of. is not only inalienable, but unconquerable. the cost of the irrigation projects. EXTENSI.ON OF REMARKS W ith the strength of these convictions we Proponents of the bill in having such OJ' have on our side the truly ultimate weapon expectations completely ignore the cost HON~ JOHN· MARSHALL ·suTtER , of the atomic era ~ free man's falth in God tlgures prepared by .James. A .. Lane of and his own destiny. Oak Ridge National Laboratory which O"J'' .:MAR.YLAND People of Lithuania. we salute you on your show that while the cost. of pmducing IN THE SENATE OP' THE UNITED STATES Independence Day. You have our undying electricity in conventional steamplants faith and respect, and we reverently pray is Monday, February 27.1956 that God will continue to give you the. 7 mills per kilowatt hour, the cost in strength to carry on. a nuclear plant would be 6. 7 mills. The Mr. BUTLER. Mr. President, Febru actual production of power, therefore, is ary 16 was the anniversary- of the.inde. less costly than by steam and then in pendence of Lithuania. .I ask unanimous addition, plutonium is produced as a by- consent to have printed in the CONGRES Atomic Power WiJI Obsolete Upper Colo· , product of _the nuclear electric plant and SIONAL RECORD a statement which I made can now be sold for approximately $100 in observance of this important day. rado Powerplanta · a: gram. Even if tbe· plutonilim price There being no objectionr the: state were to drop back to its fuel . value of ment was ordered to be printed in the EXTENSION OF REMARKS about $20 a gram, the cost of producing REconn, as follows: OJ' power by atomic energy would still be far STATEMENT BY SENATOR BUTLER' less than any other method. Throughout-the world freedom-loving men HON. JAMES B. UTT Can anyone doubt, in view of these, pause on February 16 to observe the anni OF C.M.IFORNIA facts, that the. Colorado River project is, versary of the independence of Lithuania,: ~ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES financially unsound?. The taxpayers of· In America and other free nations there will be be large gatherings to ·mark this occasion. Monaay, February 27, 1956 our Nation should not· forced to bear But, the people of Lithuania can at best such a tremendous burden. I hope my only gather in small groups in their homes Mr. UTT. Mr. Speaker, the· propo · colleagues will join with me in defeating to observe their Independence Day. The nents of the upper Colorado project seek· this measure. . Communist overloard5 do not. permit them to a large extent to justify the huge to openly celebrate this day fn their native expenditure on the assumption that. the land. Yet, while the right of open assembly sale of power will reimburse the Nation can ·be denied to them, no power on· e;uth for the funds ad,vanced with interest. Lincoln Day Address. by Hon. Edward .can wipe the glorious past or this brave na . When the Boulder Canyon Project Act Martin of P enn.sylvania tion from the pages of history nor tear- frorµ authorized Hoover Dam on the Colorado the hearts of the people of Lithuania the River, the legislation :required that con ardor and devotion for freedom and inde EXTENSION OF REMARKS pendence. tracts for the sale of power be negotiated · For centuries' the Lithuanian people. have before the construction. began. No such OF been in the forefront of man's continuing: protection or guarantee is included in HON., EDWARD MARTIN struggle against oppression. Over 600 years· the upper Colorado project bill, and it is OP' PENNSYLV;\NIA ago. the first. Independent Lithuanian state extremely doubtful that there will be a was organized and through the centuries market for anywhere near a hundred IN THE SENATE, OF THE UNITED STA'I'.FS this small but noble country developed into Monday, February Z7, 195fr a leader among the peace-loving peoples of years for power produced by the project. Europe. The power units are proposed to be Mr. ·MARTIN of Pennsylvania. Mr. · However, a strong and _vicious neighbor, located in a region which has alniost President, I ask unanimous. consent to even then hungry for conquest, .forcibly an boundless. energy po-tenttal in the great~ have· printed in . the CONGRESSIONAL nexed Lithuania in the lBth century and she est coal,. cil shale, and uranium deposits. RECORD an address which I delivered at disappeared from the maps of. Europe as an in the country. When it is considered the Lincoln Day dinner of the Upshur independent state. At the end of World that atomic electric power will be avail War I Lithuania regained ber independence County Republican Executive Commit and became a. model republiC', only to be en able in the comparatively near future tee., at Buckhannon~ W. Va.I) on February gulfed in the Red tide of expansionism at and this. combined with the other nat 11, 1956. . the start of the global conflict in 1939. · ural resources of the area,. will make There being no- obieetion, the address Yet, the people of Lithuanla are neither 6.-mill power competitively obsolete in a w~ ordered ta be printed in the RECORD, broken nor discouraged by these sta.rk reali few years, there would be little or· no as follows: ties. The fever or liberty and freedom is :reimbursement to the Federal treasury. ADDRESS BY UNITED STATES SENATOR EDWARD heightened. not dispelled. b.y this adversity. We 15 ago Their courage. and indomitable will to resist know that whereas years MA&TINI Oli' PENNSYLVANIA. AT TH& LINCOLN grows. stronger with every outrage committed nuclear power. was practicaJiy unhearcl. DAY DINNER. OF TH& UPSHtlK COUBTY RE.. against them by those whO' seek to become of, today commercial nuclear electric PUBLICAN EXEClJ'n'VE. C'oKM.lTl'U. AT RuCK masters of their spirftS' as, well as thefr bodies. energy generating plant& are actually BANNON,, W. VA. .. Fl:BJWAJl."1: 11,. 1956 We in AmerI.ca. ancl her· c:ounf.iess. :fiiend'a being constructed. We are asRured that I am llighty hemmed bj JOur lnvtt:ation. to thro_ughout the 1'.i'~ world will remain true nuclear e-Iectr-ie energy will be produced acl~es~ this meeting al patnotie. Americans. in our atruggle to free Lithuani& from. the much cheaper than hydroelectric. energy 1 sincerely appre:cta~ the privilege ot Joln.": Communist yoke. We shall take. comage and the time when this wm be a fact ing with ;rou in tribute to the meJllQl'.y o! from the valor of the Lithuanian people .we one, of. the greatest. of all Americans.. Abra- shall be sustained by their devotion to our is not far distant. Yet the planning fig ham Lincoln. · common ·cause. We shall ooritinue . the ures for this proiect show that ft may .And let; me> assure JO.U.. with equal sin· struggle with every resource at. oin commarid take up to a hundred years to pay for eerity, that l.t is always: a. plea&me to come to overcome- the scourge-that godless con them out of the revenues produced 'fly -W -t.he grea:S· mmmtam. st.at.a «>1 West; Vlr· spiracy-which would enslave the entire hydroelectric power. In fact, it is ex.- ginia. 3426 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE February 27 Through the years I have enjoyed the most firmly convinced of one thing. His decision form of government has outlived its usefu1- agreeable association with many of your fine will be made without thought of himself but ness. We ask no help from those who would ·citizens in business, politics, military affairs, will be based solely on whether he can fully distort the meaning of the Constitution to and in the activities of government. There and completely serve the best interests of serve their selfish purposes. •are so many whose friendships I treasure, the Vnited Stat~s and :t.be wo:rld. In the great crusade which resulted in but I cannot come into West Virginia with- Whatever President Eisenhower's decision Republican victory and the election of Presi ·out making special mention of my long-time may· be, we can go into this year's national dent Eisenhower, we did not promise an easy friend, your Republican national committee- campaign with a record of achievement that way of life. We did not promise security man, Walter S. Hallanan. reflects the basic philosophy of the Republi- from the cradle to the grave, without effort He is a real American, an unselfish leader can Party and the principles to which the and without cost. of the Republican Party, and a tower of Republican Party is dedicated. We did not seek to create disunity. We strength in support of good government. Every real American, regardless of his poli did not array one class against another or Without expecting anything for himself he tics, rejoices that we have gone through 3 stir up sectional hatreds. gives generously of his time, his means, and ye.ars of the greatest prosperity we have ever But we did make a solemn pledge to the his energy·to advance the welfare of his State known-prosperity based on a sound, ex American people that their liberties would and the Nation. ,. panding economy-without the blood, sweat, ,be protected by a finanically sound Govern In honoring the -immortal fame of Abra- and tears of war. . ment structure, based on sound fiscal policies- h!'!-m Linc0ln we. recal~ witb gratitude · his ' In the heart of every American there is and rigid economy. · . '.. . · · ' · greatest achievement, the preservation of the gratitude for the crowt?-ing achievement of We promised to protect American free Union. We recall with pride that West Vir- the Eisenhower admini~tration in bringing dom :(ram the dangers of 'socialistic experi ginia, in those days· of national crisis, gave to an end the death and destruction of Mr. mentation which would concentrate all the' world ·an example of loyalty and faith·in Truman's so-called police action in Korea. ·' authority in the Central· Golvernment.' the American Republic. · It took great courage for Eisenhower -to go , We promised that unwarranted peacetime In Lincoln's time the Nation was torn over to Korea in fulfillment of his campaign controls that shackled the expansion of pro asunder by a great internal upheaval. Out pledge to .do everything within his power to ductive enterprise would be removed. We of the turmoil and struggle of that day pa- end the fighting. But no one has ever ques pledged the Republican Party to create an triotic Americans rallied to defend the Union , tioned his courage. Less than 6 months and the cause of human ·freedom. after he took office the guns were silenced- atmosphere that would once more provide They formed a new party-the Republican the casualty .lists were ended and no more ip.centives for free enterprise to function for the maximum benefit of ~very man and Party....!....ded~cated to the principles set forth brave American boys gave their lives with woman who works for a living. in the Declaration of Independence and the ·out hope of victory. - Constitution. · If the Republican Party had no other Those pledges have been fulfilled. The As one of the founders of the Republican ,claim for credit, that alone would shine Republican Party has been faithful to its Party and first Republican President of the .forth as a bright beacon 0.f honor and glory. campaign promises. · ·united States Lincoln grows in stature yea,r ·. It took great courage for the President to The memorable words of Abraham Lincoln after year. · He lived ·by high ideals and had stand firm for a balanced budget and the re have come down to us for · inspiration and .the courage to· stand by them in the face of duction of the national debt before a further guidance. discouragment and disappoinment. cut in taxes. That may not be popular with When the Republican Party was being or We must have the same courage today to do some people, but it is the right course for ganized 100 years ago he said, and I quote: our full duty as Americans. The future of the safety and security of our Nation. "Let us, in building our new party, plant ·our Nation depends upon the course of ac- .Let me review briefiy. some of the accom: ·ourselves .. on the rock of the Declaration .of tion y;e take and the outcome-of our fight-for . plishments in 3 years .of Republican Jeader- Independence and the gates· of hell ehall not the principles in which we believe. ship.: · · . . . . . be able_to prevaiJ against us." · As Republicans we· bel.ieve in freedoin .·of · Taxes have been cut within the margin The political wis'dbm of Abraham Lincoln· the individual, freedom of enterprise and of safety. The Republican S3d Congress in grows more impressive with tlie passing yiars. freedom of -opportunity. These are Ameri- ~954 reduced ta~es by nearly $7¥2 billion,·the It calls upon us in our day to. reaffirm our can principles which have come down to us largest tax cut ever made in a single year. allegiance•. to . the heritag-e- passed on to us as. a priceless heritage. ·!!'hey were the prin-· • ... Government spensJ.ing h~s been . brought by the Fotmding Fathers, preserved for .us by .ciples of Abraham LJncoln. They are the. under control. The cost Qf government has the first Republican Presi'dent and strength-. principles of the Eisenhower administration. been reduced by $10 billion below the latest ened by the high spiritual concept of gov Three years of clean, decent Government budget proposed by President Truman. We ernment to which our great President, have proven that the Republican Party is will have a balanced budget this year and Dwight Eisenhower, is dedicated. the party of peace, progress, and sound pros- next. Let us go out from this dinner with re per·ity. There has never ·been an adminis- · In 3 years there has been no significant loss newed determination to face the challenge tration with such ·a brilliant record of in the purchasing power of the dollar. In- of 1956. achievement in so.short a time. flation has been checked. . We can be proud that we have a Repub- The personal income of the American America must not turn back . Ucan administration at Washintgon with- people is at an all-time high. With the honored memory of Abraham out favoritism, without corruption, without More than 65 million working men and · Lincoln to inspire us we can go· forward to extravagance and without socialistic regi- Wdmen are employed at higher wages and victory-victory for the Republican Party mentation. salaries than ever before. victory for the United States and the free we have a Republican administration that Unfair restrictions on business and labor world. is sound, trustworthy, and economical, serv- have been eliminated. ing no special interests, but working to ad- The 20-year trend toward centralization of vance the welfare of all the people. Government in . the socialistic pattern has No Floors in Their Churches on Trinidad, We have . an administr·ation that believes been reversed. in the Constitution of the· United States and .. Communists, fellow-travelers, and ' other British West Indies respects its' limitations on the power of the disloyal subversives have been weeded out of Central Government. ~he Gove;rnment service. · .. We have an administration that supports Social security has been expanded and its EXTENSION OF REMARKS the American system of free enterprise which benefits increased. OF means unlimited opportunity, progress, and We have built a balanced-military defense, prosperity. the strongest in the history of our Nation. HON. ALFRED D. SIEMINSKI OF NEW JERSEY But we must remember that this year of We now have a firm, strong, dynamic for- I. 1956 is one of tremendous importance. It is eign policy that has les·sened world tension IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a year in which we face a challenge that and has brightened our hope for peace. calls for all our courage, determination, and These are just a few highlights. There are Monday, February 27, 1956 loyalty. many more I could enumerate. Not the least Mr. SIEMINSKI. Mr. Speaker, a This year the American people will decide of these are the high m©ral and spiritual Baptist sect on the island of Trinidad, whether we will go forwi;ird to greater values which guide President Eisenhower and achievement under sound, constructive Re· which have restored honesty and decency to British West Indies, has no floors in its publican leadership or whether we will re- our National Government. churches. A chauffeur on Trinidad de turn to the disastrous, crazy-quilt pattern of We believe with President Eisenhower that veloped the story in this way: corruption, confusion, and Korea of the to serve the cause of world progress we must "There are many religions here. A previous Democratic administrations. . first protect the liberties of our own citizens. Baptist group does not-have any floors There is no doubt whatsoever that' the Re.:. To go forward in leadership for freedom, in its churches. publican Party· has gained the confidence of· justice, and peace we must preserve the the American people by its magnificent rec- American system of government. '.'Why not? ord under the inspired leadership of our great .,.i Therefore, the Republican Party seeks no "They love Mother Earth, believe it President, Dwight 'Eisenhower. ·1 alliance with those who would socialize our the supplier of strength and inspiration. I cannot tell you whether he will be a ' country. The Republican Party rejects the It grows our food, nourishes our ani candidate for reelection or not, but I am support of those who think the American mals and gives us water to drink. These 1956 CONGRESSIONAL-.RECORD-· HOUSE 3427 Baptists - go- oii retreats lying · in the proximately "10 milllan acre-feet. Based-orr As Catholic Press- Month- draws to a the above figures, · which are supported by ground; buried· up 'to their chins. For close, I salute th~se publication8 for their' over 20 days, they· -drink only :fiuids.· extensive studies- made by the State engi neer-, it is- apparent that there is sUffi.cient: past accomplishments and wish them. They believe in this state, mother earth. water avallable -to supply 'Ule needs of Caii continued su<;:ce~ in the_years , ahead. wm ·· give tnem, visions and _inspiration fornia into the far dis.tant future. The enough to carry them over until their problem is one of stopping the surplus: water next retreat.· -So they are most at home from wasting into the ocean and making it when they -worship in theit churches available where needed :for- domestic, agri !aking From Peter '.f o Pa~ Paul standing on the ground." - cultural, and industrial uses. The Feather Mr. Speaker, when I related this story River project has an important place in tlie plan to "?ring ~ha~ about. EXTENSION OF REMARKS to Congressman BURDICK, of North Da OJ:' kota, a Baptist, he said: Quotation~ Engineering News-Record., Well, don't you know~ in politics, we say February 9, 1956:. HON. CECIL R. KING that a man with his feet on the ground Spokesman for the Metropolitan Water OF CALIFORNL\ can't be beat. District of Southern California; c. C. Elder, ~N THE" HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES held that while sewerage reclamation is the district's most important reserve, with its Monday, 1:ebruary 27r1956 Colorado River aqueduct operating at only Mr. KING of California. Mr. Speaker-, Colorl\do River Storage Project 33 percent of capacity the district couldn't see aski.ng taxpayers to pay for waste water we are faced with subsidies for taking land out of production and with sub EXTENSION OF REMARKS reclamation when the aqueduct won't reach !ull capacity for a~other 20 years. - sidies for putting land into production OF at the same time. HON. WILLIAM A. DAW-SON This is the anomaly that is presented to the House in its eonsideration of the 01' UTAH February Is -CatholiC Press Month upper Colorado River project. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I wish to insert in the RECORD the letter Mon_day, February 27, 1~56 EXTENSION OF REMARKS I have directed to each Member of the "ex~ Mr. DAWSON of Utah. Mr. Speaker,. - OF House, together with a copy of the there is an increasing tendency on the pert testimony" of the distinguished for part of southern California. spokesmen to HON. KENNETH_B ..KEATING mer Governor of Nebraska., Robert LeRoy attempt to convince other Members of OF NEW YORK Cochran, who is eminently qualified to Congress that without the use of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES speak on the subject: Colorado River ·the State will die of Tuesday, February 28, 1956 CONGRF.SS OF THE UNITED STATES, thirst. This is simply not true. South HOUSE OF' REPRESENTATIVES, ern California does not need to take Mr. KEATING. Mr. Speaker, Feb Washington, D. 0-, February 23, 1956. ruary is being commemorated all over DEAR COLLEAGUE: Enclosed is a reprint of Colorado River water belonging to the a recent interview in Newsweek magazine upper basin States in order to-meet her this Nation as CatholiC' Press Month. It with Robert L. Cochran, relating to the up. own water needs. is with great pleasure that I pay tribute per Colorado River project. InformP.d California offi.Cials are on today to those publications which faith Mr. Cochran recently retired from the record to the effect that California has fully report. on eventS' of significant and United States Bureau of the Budget, where enough water within its borders to meet special interest to Catholic readers. he served more than 10 years as an expert its own requirements for many years to The Catholic press of the United on the financial and engineering aspects of States is filling a definite need. It· is Federal water-conservation projects. IDs come. distinguished career dates back to 1915 when Excerpt from. Preliminary Report on primarily concerned with giving a more he entered the office of the State engineer of the Major Features of the California detailed report on Catholic events than Nebraska. He also served an unprecedented Water Plan in the North Coastal Area, do secular papers and evaluating the three consecutive terms as the Governor of dated January 3', 1956: changing. times in which we live. The that State. The data developed in State Water Re high quality and uniform excellence of Now free to speak publicly, Mr. Cochran sources Board Bulletins Nos. 1 and 2 dem our Catholic press is c·onfirmed by the points out the economic folly of a,uthorizing onst.rate the basic geographical water prob high esteem in which it is held by all its the upper Colorado River proje¢t and alsQ lem of California, and also indicate the so readers. They look to it for the guid. points out that the power features of the. lution to that problem. From the abundant project, which are s,upposed to help pay the water supplies of the north coastal area and ance and interpretation so badly needed costs, may well be obsolete before the repay· the Sacramento River Basin, an average of by all of us today. ment period begins. approximately 23 million acre-feet .of water The paper with which I happen to be He f'urtber ·states that 90 percent of the per season will ultimately have to be de most. familiar, and which .I .salute also irrigation costs would be Federal subsidy arid veloped and exported to the remaining in:; today, i_s the, Catholic Courier Journal, that with the pending soil-bank proposal, herently water-deficient areas of the State. which is the official newspaper of the Congress is faced. with. subsidies for taking These exports will be surplus waters, over and land out of.. production and with subsidies above the waters rieeded in the north coastal diocese of Rochester~ ·Its. circulation is !or putting land into production at the same area and the Sacramento River Basin for over 53,0GO. Its coverage of the news is time. · · ultimate local use. With the full pFacticable complete, timely, and well written. By· I hope you will find it possible to take the development of local water resources in all means of wire services from all ewer the time to rea~ Mr. Cochran's .statements prior areas of the State for local use, and with world, the Courier Journal is able to suP to action by the House on. t.he matter. the water available under California's rights ply its readers with the latest, up-to-the Sincerely, in and to the waters of the Colorado River. minute ·happenings soon after they take CECIL R . KING, these exports from the north will satisfy Member of Congress. the probably ultimate requirements for water place. This fine paper also carries accu. in all parts of the State. rate accounts of important Catholic events and is noted for its complete E."CPERT TEsTIMONT Excerpts from an article by J. J'. Deuel, coverage of significant Catholic news. (By Raymond Maley} director, California Farm Bureau Public Mr. Speaker, the Catholic. Courier On January 31 .Robert LeRoy Cochran re Utilities Department and Water Prob Journal of my city is just one of many tired from the United States Bureau of the lems Department. entitled "California's BucfSet, where he se~ved more than 10 years fine Catholic newspapers of this country. as an expert on the financial and engineer.,. Water Program,'' which appeared in the It is an integral part of the network of' California Farm Bureau Monthly of 1ng aspects of Federal water-conservation January 1956: diocesan papers. which, though restricted projects. HiS' distingufs-hed career suggests in its readership and area of coverage, that there hr na. man in the Unl:ted States It iS' estimated that the l>resent annual is a most effective and good influence on better' qualified to advfse: in that fleI5f of use of water in California is. approximaitely our public life. Federal activity. Beginning in 1915, he spent 21 miliion acre-feet; that 51 million acre 20 years in the· office of the State engineer :feet will support a. population in California The Catholic press is serving its. ends of Nebraska, during 12 of which he waS' head of 40 million people, and that the total well. It is a strong and enlightening of that department; In 1934 he was elected amount Of water &Vaila.ble eac-b ·year i& ap.;. influence in the homes of all who read it. on the Democratic. ticket Go;veirnor of his 34.28 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ••-:•-'llOUSE" State, and was reelected in 1936 and 1938. reclamation projects indicates that after 30. -.. Ji -would like to join his many friends, This .was the first - time in the history of years .or. so it is necessary in a._considerable and. admirers in wishing Cantor. 'Horo_. th~ · S:tate that a. gpvernor was elect~d for number of cases to spend further money o.n 1 three ·consecutive-terms. In addition to this · rehabilitation. This is another larg·e · 1tem with many ; more ~ years of service to his unparalleled official· experience -in .a -11eclam.a- of.; e:icp~nse tor the Jt'ecleral Govie:rnm~t.r <:P?~Fe~a~i~n. }-~-' . · , . , tion State, he himself has owned a. reclama•· There is also the fact that there is pend tion ;farm for 40 years. ing in Congress a proposal to subsidize · He is now free to speak publicly,. and I a. soil bank of land now under produc lna~guration Day Should Be a Legal have f!.Ske4 him a . n:um,b~r of .questiollS. con-,· tion. We are faced with subsidies for tak cerning the multibillion-dol!ar upper Colo-. ing land out of production and with subsidies " ·Holiday rado storage project which is now · before for putting land into production at the Congress. sa'me time. Question. Governor c-0chran, since the . Q_uestion. But proponents of the upper EXTENSION OF REM~RKS great majority' Qf the readers of thls' a'.~ticle ' C0lorado stori:ige. proj~ct, . ignoring t~e _fa?t OF are ii;?.teref3ted· 'in the Colorado River _storage1 · t~at . in hµm1d or semi~umid ' secti~ns qf project as' taxpayers rather "than as bene- the country ti:ere are · millions of acres · · HON. =: ~BRAH>iM" J ~ ri MUtTER " ficiaries, I believe they would like to have which might with re:atively sma.!1 cost be • · OF NEW YORK your opinion concerning th.e . po~ib111ty of p_reparE:ld, for cultivat10n,_ say that new ir IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES repayment tq :the Treasury of the I!lOney . r_J.gated land _will be neecssary by 1975 be• ,I spent for :i!ower and irrigation. What is the .. cause of ~he .rapidly h1creasing population " Man ~ On Wednesday; February 22,-1956, the , Mr. Speaker; thus,·it will-be-seen there r - Eighteenth District Opinion ·Pott· Courier-Post-of Camden, N. J.,. carried are certain striking parallels· between an editorial entitled "Washington, Too,. Presidents Washington and Eisenhower ~TENSION OF "REMAR~ · Had His Second-Term.Health Problem." in this matter of health. As President o_p It was an exceedingly interesting article,. Washington accepted the responsibility .particularly because of the fact that of a second term because of the per- HON. CRAIG HOSMER President George Washington had a. plexed and critical posture of our affairs oF CALIFORNIA. similar question of health -facing him,. with foreign nations that existed in 1792. . IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVF.s before deciding to be a candidate for a so it can be hoped that President Eisen- · second. term, as new·confi'onts·President bower in 1956 will also accept therespon- ·- . , . , ~opqay, Februq,r'J}, 2_7, 19-5..6 . -. , Eisenhower. sibility of a· second .term because, · a& Mr. lIOSMER. Mr.{Speaker, recently - -The editorial· to which I-have referred stated · in: my news..relea.se, .!~the .:worldl - r mailed 16: questions· to" thti homes: of. reads as follows-:... situation ~s such -that- -eentinued. peace: ~he 18th CongressiQnaI· Oistrict. of-.'Cali- - WASHINGTON, H:ra would 00 ~periled - by his relinquishment. forni& which I' have1the honor to" j;epre- ~ Too, H~ ~ SEco~JT-'I'ERllC 1 . HEALTH PROBLEM <;>f the office of President.' • ------' ~nt. The resp.onse : was widespnead.: I i As President· Eisenhower -ponders his great r We need President Eisenhower today- helieve -my- colleagues -WflL,be, interested~ decision, it ls interesting to recall that for the same re·asons that the world con-· in the views express-ed• by this large· George Washington would have preferted not ditions in 1792 created a need for Presi-· group of Americans ·as shown' in the' to run for a. second term because of his dent Washington at that time. ~allowing tabulation: health. Though the firs"L. .. Er.esiclent was a stro~g. powerful --man~- the rigors .of.-. the Revolutio~ _ . _ .. - . ..18th Distr!ct-opinion poll : and his- earlier campaigns· and' tr·avers had left their mark on. him' when,.. at the age of ,. - . - - - ·-- .. ·----~ . . l _.. , Percent 'pd-c-etit -.Percent 61, he came to the end 6f hls' ftfst terfn." · 1. "What 'we/ did"11_.______"------87. 6 5. 5 . 6.9 To· 'Thomas Jefferson, Washington' wrote 2. "Where 'we' are':? '------·------85. 8 6. 4 ,7.8. that he felt himselI "growing old," that his -3. Finance new highways from more highway · ta~ inst~ad of general revenues? : - ~ - 67. Q 24. 5 '8. 5 4. Reduce .national debt before cutting personal income taxes'L~ ·- ___ :_ .:: _::_:______~ - 77:8 16; 5 • 6. 7- memory was "becoming- worse''· •and - ~is . r.5, Forei~ ai(f is a needed weap~ far winning ~he cold , war1. --•------~~ -'-.--·----~ - ,63. 8 26 ..6 . 9:,, 6r health -"less firm." He prepared a farewell 6. RepealMcCarran-Walter imm1gFation-law? ______24. 8 . 44. 8 30.4. address, \. but_.. it ' was. -only deliv.ered, in '7. Raise.1st class postal r»-tes to.be.Ip cuJ;_post-office,defi'citsT .:------~----.:. '...:- _·______65. 6 28. 5 5.9' a.mended. form, at the end of. .his ,second 8. Federal aid for school construction?. ______,,. ___. .!______L ._! ____ : __ ;;_ 59. 3 . 32. 4 8.3· ,9~ :!fedemL''1·einsura:nee"' ofptivatlf health·fnsuranc.e _plans7'.: ______- ~. 8 40. 6, inStead of·the first. In it·he-sa.id: - 17.& term IO. "Soil bank" and flexible-supports instead of rigid fann suppgrts?- ~ ----'------79. ~ 9.-4 , 11. 0-, · "I con$ta.ntly hoped that -it ·w9u}d have lil. Repeal Taft-Hartle}!: .lawL------· ------~------11. 4 75. 1 13.5 been-much earlier in my power • • • to -re- 12: Federal water-po~~! _pi:oj~ct!! _only wl!ere private financi:n_g unavsilable'l: ____ :____ 81.2 13. 4 5. 4~ turn to that retirement· from which I ·had> • - - - .. - - - "OFl'lONAI: ' Q1JESTIONS • been: reluctantly drawn.· • • • ·But. rnatur~. reflection on the then perp~exed and critical" A. Do you thfhk President.Eisenhower-will run for a second term?------~------53.3 31.1 15. 6" posture of our affairs· with ·forei.gn· nations. B. Do you think the Govermnent is giving away our natural resources?.·__ "!"' _ ._ _.~ -- :.~: ~ 26. 7 66.9 16.4 and the unanimous advice of persons en 0. Docountry? you .think ______the net _effect______of "big business"_____ is__ good______rather _than______bad for the _ 75. 5 16.0 8. Ii titled to my cQnfidence. impelled me to a ban- J;?. Do you tnink the. net effect.of the cro,..AFL - merge~ :Will.be.good rather -t~an '!>ad. don the idea.." . . . · · _· · for the co}llltry? ------:.- ' .:·---~------: -- 23.9 58. 6 17. l) • -'Fhe troubled !oreign-affa1:rs-to whleh Wash-· tngton referred arose primarily.from tbe.0"11t-, ' 'As set forth in the .Pr$6.en.11s -state ol tlie Union message in which. he stressed "we"~ means not just-his admin.-1 break ot the.French· Revolution.and-. the. en istration, but illso- .Oongr.es.<>.-..inclwling;bo.th parti~~d all.American peop-le, Democrat5-and ~~bl.icamralik' ~ suing war between F.rance anct Engfanct,·wifih the strong sympathy felt for France by many' ------of Brttafn's .recent colonists, especially the ------Jetrersonians, ~which was· ·fanned- by the:. Pensions for· World War l Veterans .h··· fits ~have ·yet-been ·provided for-the v-et--' machinations .of.· the French envoy to this. · erans·of· World "War· I. country, Citizen Genet. . , I am a veteran of ·both World· War r Washington was determined that the in- EXTENSION OF REMARKS OF and World War II. During World War fa.nt Nation would not imperil its precarioua I, I was in a branch of service which we ~xistence by taking. sides· .in. the ~ European . corifiict. So to malte stire · of that, he sub • , HON.--WINFlELIHC~-- DENTOtf · \;. · in .that·ftrst:Air"Corps, considered- haz- · ordinated his '.personal inclinations to the· ·ai-1'NriiANA ar.dous. During World War-it, Twas: a country's welfare arid accepted ·a second term .. IN THE"HOUSE._QF REPRESENTATIVES "retreµ.d," performing office work, and . During this term the excesses-of the Rrench was as -safe-as if I · had--been at home in revolution made his neutrality policy popular l'tfpnday~ February 2.7, 1956 : bed. Nevertheless, I am very proud of instead of unpopular, and there. were notable Mr. DENTON. Mr. Speaker, on Jan• my World War II service. achievements in seyeraL:fields.. . · · uary 5 of last year I introduced H. R. 656; I entered the Army in tb,at war when · Thr.eats from h0stile Indians. were lessened., I I (>pen re.sistance to excise tax collections was which provides that World War veter- was 46 years of age,. To have taken put down. Access to the Mississippi. was as ans shall receive substantially the-same preliminary training at. an Army scho-ol sured. The national credit was made firm: pension benefits as those received by the at that age, .. together with the financial The Nation's international · standing was veterans of the Spanish-American War. sacrifices I - made, giveSr me much ·pride strengthened. The rates are set forth in the bill, but in in my World War·II service, and, for that . It was- fortunate for the United States that. brief, a World War I veteran at the age reason, I generally· wear the -"ruptured health which was less robust at the end of of 62 would receive $101.59 a month, duck" service emblem in my lapel. his first term than it was at the beginning without a means test. However, I cannot help but.contrast the. (;lid not deter Washington from a second I one. ~e second term added. greatly to his World War ended 'more than 37 years difference in the way the veterans oJ the· luster. Without it he might not have been ago. Thirty-five years after the close of two world. wars were t:r:eated at the close called,_ first ·tn peace as well as first in· war: the· Revolutionary War, the veterans-of of -each. co-nfii.ct. . . and .first in the hearts of his countrymen. that· war were given a; pension on the . When -their service was ended, the\ '.l'he.re.,are certain striking-parallels between-. basis -of service alcme. - Simtlarpensrons- --World-War II·veterans were ea<;h givem Washington and . Elsenho_wep., though itf were bestow¢d by a .'grateful ·Nation 39 ,mustering.:.out pay of $200' to $300~ wnichr would be .foolish , to · stretch. them· too far. years from the end of the Mexican Wal\ cost .the · Go~r.nment. approximately .$4· 7 But one of them is the perplexed and crit-~ and just 24 years after the Civil War was billion, without a questfon, Veterans of" ~cal posture of oµr affairs with foreign na-, I tlons that e"'isted. i-n · 1793 and .!'lXists again im over the veterans of that conflict were World War .were, given mustering-out· 1956. granted.pensions as a matter of .right. ~ pay of onl.y $60 apieee in-1918, and 1919;, ·Ii' ~ould be a strange working o!.fate,,but', : Only. 18 years elapsed before a system At that time, $6.0 -would net ·purchase. a entirely conceivable-, if the -34th- Preslden~ of general Pensions was set up for the ·- suit-. of. clothes: . . . .: .. , . . -. . should decide far the sam~ rea.son81 as- the!· Spanish-Americari war: vete.rans, - BYt- ~~ Amari who enters-the mjlita:ry:5ervlee· fu'st• to ·forego ht& own' personal deetres' and in the period more th.ail twice tl1'at long, in_wartime must give up his jQb or posi aerva a ·second term. ' : " ~ince the Armistice of 191.8~ no such bene- tio:ri, and when that· service ends- there - • ... ~ ' ' .o • • ' -~ • - T "'.,. • ,,. ' · f..; CONGRESSIONAL ·RECORD - HOUSE' 3431 generally follows ·a period- pf hardship - Excluding disability pension~which this SUPPort, they would never hS:ve re during which he m.ust find employment are available to veterans of both World ceived these benefits. And they say;-too, ·and readjust himself to ciyilia:q. life.1 The Wars--and aside from the housing-loain that they would like to see World war I Government did very little to help the program, which has cost relatively little veterans treated with the same fairness· veterans of World War I tide themselves but provided"an ·enormQus benefit, World as were veterans of ·other wars. over this period. Even men released War II and Korea veterans have re-· Whenever· it has · been proposed to from prison are given a suit of clothes ceived benefits at a direct cost of about do anything for the veterans of· ·World· and travel fare home. They are treated $26.5 billion. This figure will ailmost War I, someone has always· stated that with more consideration than was ac- certainly exceed $30 billion within 10 ·the cost will be prohibitive-that general corded the veterans of World War I. years from now. pensions for them would drive the Gov- And then came the long struggle to - That sum is 20 times the amount given ernment bankrupt. These opponents of right that wrong. · First, the Govern- . ~orld "VV_ar,,i veterans as. "adjusted-serv- such a program launch into a flight of ment gave World war I veterans the 1:ce credits, )>efor~ the mcrement made ~stronomical figures which might over , . so-called "adjusted:..serviCe certificates."'· oe:ca;use of delay m payment. · Twenty ~we and frighten off.people who-have not . The Goverrinient ascertained the amount· m1:llion World War II and Korea vet-· taken a look at our budget history. Qf mu.stering:-o·ut pay that ·ifshould have'. era/Ils will _ha~e received 2~ times the . Let us-look at the situation in the year paid to these veterans at the time of their benefits whi~h. were begrudgmgly gr~nt-- 1910. That was the 45th year after the discharge. ·An jncrement .was ad~ed tO: ed the 4.6 million vete~ans who surviv~d end of the Civil War, by which time all make up for delay in payment. There World War I. '!'hat lS ~ benefits ratio · who fought in that war could have qual was determined how much paid-up in- · of more·than 4 to 1 agamst World War ified for a service pension. · That year, surance due in 29 years could be bought I veterans. . we paid Civil War veterans pensions with each veteran's "adjusted-service Now W~rld War II and Korea veterans totaling $105,399,354. The total of all credits,'' and each vete.ran was given a have r~c~ived these benefits because of Federal expenditures for that year was t'fi ·' te for that amount of paid-up the activity and work that World War I $693.6 million. · ~.er 1 ca . r veterans unselfishly gave in support of Thus we see that, i_n 1910, the oOvern- msurance, due m 20 yea s. . the "GI Bill" proposal. The veterans' or- ment spent 15.2 percent of the total At first,. the. veterans were permitted ganizations were very active in initiating budget. on Civil War veterans' pensions. to borrow on 10 pe~cent of. the fa:ce this program and in 1943 a· group of I think everyone will agree that the ~m.ount of t:tiese certifica~e~; then legis- Members of Congr~ss who had served in country did not go bankrupt then (and lation was passed permittmg them ~ the First·World War met and decided on I might mention, incidentally, that the· borrow on · 5~ percent; and, fin~lly, _m a course of action to obtain for the vet-· Treasury ran a deficit of $18 million that 1936, a law was passed over a Presidential erans of World War II the benefits which year). veto to pay the veteral?-s ~f vy-orld War I those Members thought should have been Now let us suppose that my bill, H. R.· ~he full _amoun,~ of their a~Justed-serv- provided after World War I. And that 656, had already been enacted and were ice certificates -or muste_ring-out pay. movement was of course successful in effect during this year, 1956. Approx Three sim~lar ~ills had bee_n vetoed :. ~Y These benefits . which World .Wa~ n imately 1,272,000 World War I veterans other President~:.. · . . _ veterans have received have been money . now at least 62 years-old could qualify. . · Sq, 18 yea~s · after . they were c!_i~- well spent.· Any benefits of any kind And assume that·everyone of those-vet charged,. World War I v.eterans ~ot their that we might now provide World War I ei;ans did apply for a pension, and did due mustering-out pay. The amount veterans would come to them late in life qualify. And suppose those in· good they rec~ived, und~r- the forced.:.~nvest_. when- their days of opportunity are, for health got $101 a month, and those who ment or msuranc.e idea .of the adJusted- the most part, long past. It was a price-. · a'l·e invalids got $135 a month-resulting, service certificates, was $3.8 billion. The. less advantage to veterans of World War · for the whole number, in an average expenditure involved would have been II to have their education and readjust- monthly payment of perhaps $120 apiece. much less-only about. $1.5 billion-if ment benefits when most of them were On that basis, the total cost for this year, the veterans of World War I had been young andtheir days of opportunity were 1956, would be $1.8 billion. That cost paid this money due them when they just dawning. would be 2.8 percent of the total Federal were mustered out of service, as were the It has been estimated by a Census expenditures estimated for the current veterans of World War II. Bureau expert that the sum of $9,000 year. In addition to mustering-out pay, invested in college education for a young These figures I have mentioned are since World War II, veterans have been man will increase his lifetime earning without reference to the sum which will given terminal-leave pay which cost the capacity by $103,000. That is a return, be paid out this year under the currently Government $3.1 billion, and unemploy- or a benefit, of more than 11 times the existing, but inadequate, World War I ment compensation which cost the investment. Multiply the World War II pension program. That sum is approxi Government $3.8 billion. They have veterans' education-benefits payment of mately $480 million for veterans' pen been given social-security credits for $15 billion by 11; the product is $165 sions. &t pension eostS with 'thei natfona] m.:.:· . I Fw the veterans of World' War Ir the· seSBions ,Of. the United ~ '. I think1 come,· then and nn.. · ) sands.in the hourglass. of time a.re. run-:... it will be ·of inter.est to the House. , The national income in 1910' was $25.o:· ning low. Today, thei~ average life. ex-· · Tbe 'study follows: 'billion-. - The sum of $105 million Paiti'.air · pec.tancy la only 15 yeai:s.. ot the. 4.&. isPPE.rC11.~ w · ~ - ~.tti i.Aws- nr nnF pensions to Civil War-veterans that year: million.who came home ~when the :fight-· ; . · POSSESSIONS OF' THE UNITED STATES . amo'unted to approximately '. one-half, of tng: in France was done,. barely 3 .million_ · 'l"fiere·iS" Som'e vartati.an· in"the application·· 1 percent: of tile: national trumme:; And: remain.. ''Ta.pa•! bas already sounded' Of Fede:nrl. lriternal raven.'118 -la.w&'iin: the Ter - top&¥ World War I Yetemns the_pensi_on' for moce than one-third.. oi..the "Dough, rttorles and..pomies:almm oL.tmr.:Unlted..States..:: I pr~l.8 billimL for the year bGys'• of 1918. 4 Every pas.singdav. 235 of: The ta.JI' relat;tnmmipa betwam: t'hi&. cquntr;r· 195&-would take.fl'omthe estimatedna-: them die. Tomorrow, 235 of them whom: and. some ot its more important possession&.. tional income of $340' billion a ' portion we could' h&V'e". pensioned today. will be ¥.e brlefiy described below: . no greater than one-half of l percent.: dead. A year from now 90,000. more of PUERTO RICO By 1963.. when-the budget' cosii' of. IL R .. ~.ihe boys who.faced shot, shell,;..a.ndga.s.m Iil. geneml~ tfie 'in:tetnal. nmst19· lawr.' of. &5& probably would.reach its::-'J)eak, it is the trenches will have gone to Eternity-· the; United. S.t.atea' dor.. ,not. apply- in Puerto"' _ higttlyunlikejy"that.thi& oost..would eva-.: l:UlPensioned and,.vecy-nea.rly forgotten... ~co. Thia princ.iple. waa, m:igln-ally set. forth have reached 1 percent of the national I think.there is a just cause in.the. a.r~ l,n. th~ For.aker: Act-.. (the Organic- Act: . of income,. even.if the nationalinmme does gument....:for World War. I service pen. 19'00}' 1 and the Oi::g_antc. Act of' 1917.2 The law today provides: tha.t Pu.er.to Ricans.. not, alb-and have..~ kno.w case a.rec: increase. at we sions:. . And.I thatt when the exemp1; from Federal... fneome taxem_ · Tl:ie. a.nces.. on, e-veey -~tb&t... oUL.natJona1· for them is put sq~ to those .who only exception to. thllr rtrlEf is:'that incmnet" inmme..wilLincr.easer ,subst&ntially. appose-. these pen.si~ . Some... of. these: :received :rrmn-• th& United '8tates; such:- ar Someone may say:- "But look at the opponents become sheepish, .and their that. received as· an employee of the Federal bmdeR ibe. Government now·ha.-s..tn bear. ~ument&- w.ee.ken:. and.. falter:' Their.. Governme¢ Uunlb.fe® to F'eder.al.. tantion..!.. in paying ... pension&:tu other veterans--. last, resort. of opposition....is. that-the.s&. P:uedo.B.ica.n.produc.ts-shipped. to t4e main... - those of the Indian.-wars:and."the Span... pensions.would cost too much at present.. land of the United State ar.~ ~ in. th.a ish-American War!' Arid say: So To me, that is an admission that we have same~ way as: prmtucts::Ot domestic::manufac r ture.. but.. the revenlle' derlvec:t::.fmm was there,a burdenin 1910 of paying-pen- not done: righ,t .by om-World War I veter thl&._ 8ource Is :turned over.. to t:b.e U':easurr .of sions.. not oniy to CiYil War veterans but a"llS, and. that a service pension fo:r them Puerto Rico.4i also to the· veterana of the. War of l8.12. would be only just and proper, ''but for VIRGIN. ISLANDS. and the war with.Mexico". a.&well.as..the the cost." The tnamn~ tarlaws:·in fol'ce- in the: ·united' Indian wars·. A total of 23 percent of. - Surely no one ~auld .want to say .tha.t,.. Stat~ apply- also to cij',izen&- of. the. Virglli ill& Federal expenditures. that y:ear went whil~ these. veterans..in: all fairness. ai:e Isla.mm. The proceed& from such truces;. for veter~ pensiollS' of various:' types; desei:vingof these benefits. we bad better howe~. are paid. into the treasury- of the Today,· we set aside only 7.4- percent of wait until death has thinned their num Virgin' Island.s..6 As: in Puerto Rico, ar.ticles the Federal budget for veterans' benefits ber still more. and start· paying them· shipped to the {!n1t·ed States are subject to. of every description.. · · pensions when it can be dorle more taxation, but these re_ceipts are also turneci. will want 6.yer to the government Of. the Virgin Islands."' Mayhe spmeone else. say,: "But ill cheaply. _. Surely no one W?~ld to Other taxes. le:vled- in. th.e.. islands by the SS' this modern: age- we fight •to~ wars ~ . play such.a-cold-blooded waiting game United States GOvernment~ such as quaran when. every fit person of · milit~ry - age- that...... tine:, naturaJiaatio:n immtgmtion... and.. pSSS"• must serve without expectation. of com.- · I pr~fer to beh~e ~~.. all ol us-will: port fees, w:e, alsa res.erved ·for· the · local pensation irrmoneY'.•• My answer to this. · i:eeogn~e now the--Justice m the proposal ~reasury.' · is, that, happily, we have not yet had to to: pension those veterans, and that we GUAM fight such a «total" war. But some of the will take steps now to do now wh~t ought Under the provision~ of . th~ 0rganic Act wars we have fought have been moreo to b~ done .. ~nd tl~ere are bills now of Guam ena.cted. in...1950, residents of Guam nearly "total'! than others. And world pendmg on -which ac.tion can be taken. to are subject to Federal income taxes.a Again, War I was, fortunately for the United produce the appropriat~ result. . the revenues fro:rµ income ta;xes, customs. duties levied on articles i=hipped. to- the States, one of the. least "total" of all. . , I have no extreme:pride of a.uthorshrp· United States and from quarantine, passport,, This country has fought in 6 really m ~· R. 65~. . There a!e other goo.cLbills. immigration, and naturalization fees are re major conflicts, and more-of the popula- which are sm~ilar to,mme. Among them. turned to the treasury of_ Guam~ I 170d tion stayed safely at home in their ordi- would mentmnH. R. by the gentle HAWAII AND ALASKA nary pursuits during World War I than man from Alabama [Mr. RAINS], H. R~ in any of the other 5. During· the. Revo~ 551. by the gentleman from ~assachu The Territories of Alaska and Hawaii are treated somewhat differen~ly with respect to lutionary War, 14.2 percent of the popu- se~ts [Mr. LANE.l. and H. R. 4... 64, by the l"ederal taxation. They a.re.. subject to. the lation saw military service;- ?.4 'percent gentleman from New York CMr. ~Nol. same· internal revenue IawS' as are any o{ served in the war of 1812; 9.7 percent of Let me urge that favorable ~ction be the 48 States.10 Unlike Puerto.Rico, the Vir the available population performed ·Fed.- taken. on some one of these bills. Let· gin Islands-, and Guam, the amount collected eral service during the Civil War;. U per-' t~e veterans of Wo~ld: W~r I be treated: under' these laws is not returned to the Ter cent served in world war II; 4.4. percent with the same ~ons1d~rat10>n a.s t!1ose of :rltortal treasuries. but is paid directly into served in the Korean conflict; while only the other wars· m which our Nati~n has the Federal Treasury. In the fiscal year 19.45; 4 percent of the population was called :fought. , Let there be no generation of '!ihe Federal Go\'.ernment received $44,537,'oOO: from Alaska and $126,340,000 from Hawaii in up for service in world war 1• Rela-' forgotten me~ -among America's veter-. internal-revenue collections. tivefy; speaking; those who served in ans t · The principle of "no taxation without rep-· Won.d War I were but ·a few selected. resentation' has-been advanced-by-some as· from·among the many. the• reason for the practice Of retUTning:. taxes. I believe that the ftgures- I lm.-re pre-· Applica.tioa.: of Federal Tax Laws llt. the eolleeted to the local treasuries of Euert . · 1 Not reported. science .as well as. applied science . .we . - He ·cited the fact more than half of all :· cannot afford to lag behind. · American high schools fail to teach physics: .. In confirmation of this thought which'. or chemistry. · I have expressed, I call .the attention of ' In contrast, Benton points out that in the. last -years of i;;econdary school. SovJet· Ii Is ·Time We-Woke ·Up 'and Recognized. my . colleagues in. the COngressr and all who are part and parcel of. our Seiective students must take 4 years of ma1;hemattcs •. · the . Necessity of Having Trained Sci-, including algebra, geometry, and trigonom Service System, to -an _a,rticle that ap e:try. enlists· pears in the February 27, 1956, issue of· FEW ELECTIVES . the Des Moines Register by Marquis Since the Soviet Union is a totalitarian: Childs in the form of an interview with· state, the student has 11ttle chotce once nTENSION OF RE~KS furmer United· States ·senator William,. he ht,isc sele.cteQ. ~ specialty. Electlves -are OF Benton, entitled "Soviets. Train Scien- few and far between. So-called cultural HON. CHARLES A. WOLVERTON , tists To Win Cold \v·ar." 1 ·commend it ~our,ses , are nel~ . to .a miµi,mu,in. . ~ .. , '· The objective: it is hardly · necessary td OF NEW JERSEY. to the .serious . consideration of all who: think in terms of' the welfare of our Na-. add, is a Communist education-that is, first IN THE · HOUSE . OF ' REPRESENTATIVF.s ~ rate-tec-hnical · training buttressed. -by eom~ tion and its people. It reacts as follows: ~ plete indoctrination- in: Communist dogma. M-0n,d_a_y_, Feb_ruar.y 27~ 1956 FORMER SENATOR WA-RNs---SCi>VIETS- • TRAIN· It is the combination of: indoctrinated - Mr. WOLVERTON. Mr. Speaker, the· SCIENTISTS To WIN COLD WAR - zeal - with technical proficiency . that is 130 time is at hand when it is necessary fo~ (By~ Marquis Childs) Qmjnous for. tge :west. ) . . _ . , . . a change of policy in administering. our: .- WASHINGTON, .D. c .....:....A . report based on . OtI?.ers _say that while the th_reaj; of massiv& Selective Service System. Today it :drsthand observation adds another note of.. technical training ls a real one, the · very· would seem that at least local draft_ warning that education in the.Soviet Union. tapt. Qf .. i:i.9-\r.a:qctid ectucation in th~ i;;cie~tifiq. boards and some State boards ·are oblivi i!'I far outstripping education in the United spirit will ral.se troubling· doubts that wil!- States. · · , · · . . · _. 1n·turn; lead to a weakening of the· support ous of the need of trained scientists to tor the state. If· this could happen, then, maintain our national security, by pro · The massive educational program still ex-. panding in Russia, under which today nearly ~n · evolution away from totali~arianism and, viding advanced types of weapons that twice as many students are enrolled above· toward a genuine acceptance of peaceful co-. will exceed ·in e:ffectilreness those ·that the high-school level as in tllis country, is, extstence.might be possible. · are the result of advanced scientific de-. one reason for the extraordinary corifl.dence: SPECIAL ACADEMIES velopment in nations that are unfriendly expressed by Soviet leaders at the recent In a recent · speech, ,Benton proposed the_ to our way of life. 20th congress of the Communist Party. . : ~reation of ·technical assistance academies. Today there is pending before Maj: : For as the latest warning, from former' 1i51m.llar to West Point and Annapolis where: Gen. Lewis B. Hershey a ca~e that I have: ~enat<,:>r ~~11~ Benton, ·. of Coifnecticut.; young men of superior intelligence would be makes clear, the Soviet. educational system ia trained as engineers and technicians in every geared to win the ·c_?ld · war~ · · - 11 U. S. Treasury ..Department. Annual Re-: ileld. .Jn return !or their tree education,· port Qf the·Secretart pf the ·'n"easury on .the • _ s~~ qr .~G!ff~. y1;nu~.g ~n. _\'{QUIQ. · agree W .s~gn up ,f~r 8r State of the Finq.nces, 19{)4; - Washington-;.: , Benton, ~ho~ made . an . lntensive _study ot cert~. ~um.P~l' -_pf Y~.r~ of s~rvice, in ·AQJ.er-: U. S. Government Printing·o:mce,:19&'5, p. 702; Soviet education a~d ~ropagauda las~ '-fear, ica's technical assistance program o·verseas.: CII--216 . 3434 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE . February· 27 Short of some posltive, -constructive step The Colorado River storage project is the is no water within' the· allocation inade to the - such as this, the drift w.ill cont111ue. ~d culmination of an overall bastnw~de · pro- lower basin by the compact. if estimates of Soviet progress are even ap gram for the total consumptive use of the "(f) Water runs downhlll. The value of proximately right, the gap wm widen and waters of the Colorado River provided for in this water ·resource to the upper basin is ' .America wlll fall increasingly behind. · the Colorado River Compact signed· by the beyond measurement because it is renewable. · To permit this to happen .is hardly less seven States in the · Colorado River BBf:lin Water is liquid gold. than an admission of defeat. For if we have and the Federal Government. The first units (h) So.long as the upper basin.,States can learned nothing else in the atomic-electronic of this basinwide plan, beginning with the be prevented from using their water, .the age, it is that the engineers and scientists of Hoover Dam, all in the lower basin, have lower basin users, who are principally in today win the battles of tomorrow. · now been completed .largely with Federal California and Mexico, will enjoy the bene ftnancial aid. fits from the upper basin's share of· the The Colorado River Compact was agreed to Colorado River. by the 7 States of the Colorado River Basin Therefore, the issue is clear. The Colo and the Federal Government in order to in- rado River storage project will make it pos Multiple Purposes of Colorado River sure an equitable division of the water re- sible for the upper basin States to use their . . . Storage Project sources of the Colorado among the several allocated share .of the Colorado River. So States, regardless of the time of development. long as this project is not built, the lower It was recognized that the lower basin would basin users, . principally in California and EXTENSION OF REMARKS develop first because of the greater ease of Mexico, will be the beneficiaries of this great OF control and diversion of the water; the need resource· in terms of water and hydropower. for flood control in the lower basin, the need- : Each year that the.present unused portion HON; ARTHUR V. WATKINS . for an All-American Canal to serve the Im- of the Colorado: River water allocated- the OF UTAH peris,l Valley, and the proximity of. large upper-basin States is allowed to flow into the ~. IN . THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES centers of population in Calif.ornia. During· lower basin, it means: a _windfall of roug;b.1.y · the last 33 years, the lower basin, with the $4 million a year to southern California power Moncla1/, February 27, J9S6 · heip of Federal funds and the support of the users, ,ang it gives southern California and · Mr. WATKINS. · Mr;· . Pr~sidept, the upper basin ,States, has enjoyed practically . ~exico ~n opportunity· to- utilize consump-- ; -'p Colorado River storage project, now be full development. tively the .waters belonging to the upper- . It was also recognized at the time of the basin States. fore Congress, makes a very · positive, signing of the compact that the upper basin, The following is a brief description of the :Persuasive case, if people will take a few because of its difficult topography, relative principal ·features of the project and sound minutes to consider the multiple pur inaccessibllity, and the necessity for 'major positive reaimns why people interested in poses of the project and the many rea storage for regulation, would develop much economy and sound fl.seal governmental pol sons justifying it as a sound and eco more slowly. The signers of the compact in icies-a group in which I claim member nomically· feasible undertaking for the the lower basin, however, pledged their sup- shlp--can support the Colorado River storage Federal Government. port to upper basin development when such project. It recently was my honor to be chosen development was ready for construction. II. PRINCIPAL FEATURES to represent the proponents of this proj That time is now. 1. The Colorado River storage project and Why, then, has so much misinformation- participating projects is a basinwide pro ect by ·presenting the P<>sitive side "in a been spread about this program and why has posal which, when carried out, wm provide pro-and-con arj.alys~s of the pro:Posed opposition to the upper basin development· the facilities necessary_ for the upper-pasin legislation, published by the Ameriqan been generated, largely by southern Cali- States to use their share of the Colorado Entei:prise Association. · The two oppos fornia, in the lower basin? River water. The proposed basin develop- fog views of .this legislative proposal. . The explanation is simple, but first one ment is unique and difficult because of topog- Raymond Moley having stated the nega must get a true picture of the situation. raphy, distances to be covered, storage to be tjve side, were· published by t-he Ameri-· . (a) The Colorado Riv'er Basin is an arid provided, water exchanges to be made, and cah Enterprfse Association as a public· region. The total flow of the river is not power to be developed. It must be pla:i;meQ. , sufficient to meet the water needs of the and built as a blisinwide project. This ac information service. · Copies of this pub area. This fact was :recognized early and counts for the large.authorization requested., lication can be obtained from tne Wash-" prompted the Colorado River Compact which but it must be remembered. that it will take ington, D. C., 9ffice of the assoeiation ~t divided the waters of the river among the 30 to 4Q years to complete the werks included 1012 14th.Street NW. · · States before it was put t-0 use. - in this project. · I ask unanimous .consent that my (b) The Colorado River is the last major 2. The Colorado River storage project and Views on this matter, as reflected in the source of water available to the upper basin participating projects provides for regulation of the. river-storage of seasonal floo(lwaters American Enterprise Association publi States (Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, Wyo- to make the river's water available for use cation be printed in the CONGRESSIONAL ming)· year round in the upper-basin States· where RECORD. (c) More than 90 percent of the water in 90 percent of the river's water originates. There being no objection, the material the Colorado River system originates in the 3. The Colorado River storage project pro was ordered to be printed in the· REC upper basin States. No water originates in vides water for consumptive use by direct ORD, as fellows: California. diversion or by exchange, both within and · The flow of the river varies widely from outside the Colorado River Basin. THE CASE FOR THE COLORADO RIVER STORAGE year to year and season to season. For ex- 4. The Colorado River storage project pro PROJECT ample, the flow at Lee Ferry may be as low vides power as a byproduct, the net revenues (By Senator ARTHUR v. \JY'ATKINS, Republican,_ as 4 million acre-feet in 1 year, and as much from which will be used to help pay the costs · of Utah) as 25 million acre-feet in another year. The of the project. I. INTRODUCTION flow at Yuma, Ariz., may be as low as 3,000 5. The Colorado River storage project pro The Colorado River storage project is nec cubic feet per second during the dry season. vides regulating and control works and con essary to regulate, control, and .convey the and as much as 300,000 acre-feet during the veyance channels to convey the water to the waters of the upper Colorado River for and season of flood flows. land, to municipalities, and other points of to those areas entitled to its use under the · To utilize the entire fiow of the river, the use. terms of the -Colorado Rivel' compact, and- flow at the points of diversion must be made 6. -The Color~do River storage Project Bill, upper Colorado River compact. - ._ to ·coincide with the demand, both with re- H. R, 3383 provides for the authorization of ' It is .a well-planned, economicaUy sound, spect to alliount and time. To meet this re- 4 storage clams, 3 allied hydro-power ,plants ''. completely self-liquidatiilg, .1ong.;.range proj quirement the river has to be regulated, and 11 participating projects to deliver water ect designed ·t9 -provide .for the conservation that is, 'storage must be provided which will for use in .each of the 4 States. The esti and :development of a vitally needed water make it pQssible _to . hold the water during mated, cost of these unlts ls about $'760 mil supply for a four-State s~mides~rt area larger wet seasons and _release it during the dry lion and the '" construction period approxi- than New England. seasons. Long-time hold-over storage for mately 30 years. · No other comparable river development river regulation is necessary on the Colorado 7. The Colorado River storage project ls program has ever been 'presented to Congress River because of the wide fluctuations in its self-liquidating. The cost of the power and for authorization backed by the detailed en.: flow. Wherever the term regulation is used municipal water features will be -repaid with gineering and economic studies and inter ip. this discussion it means artificial storage interest. The cost of the irrigation features state cooperation in its planning refiec:ted to make the flow of the river coincide with allocated to the water users will be paid back in this blll. This project has been under the demand for water use. in 50 years, plus a 10-year development -pe-- detailed study and investigation for more ( d) The Hoover Dam fully regulates the riod, without interest. The balance of the than 20 years, during which time there have flow of the lower river. A fully regulated, cost allocated to irrigation will be paid back been expended, from State funds and power sa.fe supply ls available to all water users :rrom power revenues, all within 50· years. revenues allocated to these investigations below the dam. The .cost of the interest on the irrigation from the Hoover Dam, approximately $10 ( e) .In the lower basin there are many features. during the payout period will be million. • thousands of acres of land for which there exceeded many · times by the new income 1956 CONGRESSIONAL: lrn'CORD ~ ' HOUSE 3435 tliJtes which wm poW'"'lnto the Treasury from> 12. ·The··project-will benefit every section 6. The-'Colorado River storage project· 1s the new wealth created as a result -of the of the Nation. a true partnership enterprise. construction of the project. After the proj · 13. The project will stabilize the· river and The proposed 'development will be carried· ect costs are repaid, the project· power- plants protect downstream facilities. out under the t,l:'lrms of the upper Colorado wm'continue to pour into the United States 14. The project will.start the Navaho Tribe River Basin compact, an interstate agree Treasury many millions of dollars per year.. on the road to independence and self-suffi. ment entered into ·by_the States of Colorado, 8. Historical summary of the dev~lopment ciency. New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming, The irri of the Colorado River, 1870-1954: 15. The project does not involve the public gation water users will repay · the irrigation 1870-1922: Isolated, limited small projects versus private power controversy. · · costs· up to the iimit of the land and water on tributaries, along banks ·of main stream 16. The reimbursable project costs-99 per capability, without interest. The municipal· and in Imperial Valley of· California and cent of the total-will be repaid by the users water users will repay the full cost of the Mexico-limited by uncontrolled late season of the water and power. municipal water features, with interest. flow and subject to frequent floods which 17. The reclamation fund provides ready The power facilities will be repaid, with in would wash away the diversion works. Water cash in the Treasury to finance reclamation terest, from power revenues. The costs. al rights acquired under doctrine of appropri: projects. located to irrigation, above t:he ability of the ation-1. e., "First in time is first in right."· 18. The project creates a new source of irrlgators to pay, will be paid back out of l.922: The Colorado River compact was income to the Federal Treasury, not a tax power revenues. Thus all water and power drawn to divide the water resource of the· burden on each State. users in the area concerned will participate river, prior to ·its being put to use. The· · 19. Water rights are·· established by com- in the repayment of the projeet costs. compact provided for total ultimate con pact. · Public benefits of great magnitude will re-. sumptive use ·of the water resource, and 20. The project construction period will be suit .from this project. Recognition of these equitable' division of such use among upper at least 25 years. public benefits by the Federal Government and lower basin States and Mexico. 21: The project costs are reasonable. is reflected in the provision of interest-free Total consumptive use of the water re 22. The project does not add to the agri money on the unpaid balance of the con source· depends upon: cultural surplus. struction costs allocated to irrigation. Save (1) Complete regulation of flow, with 2.3. A discussion of southern California's for contributing less than 1 percent of the long-time holdover storage. Necessary to. proposals for alternate reclamation in non total cost for such nonreimbursable bene carry water available during wet years over arid areas. fits as flood control, the Federal Government. to dry years and provides for: 24. The contemplated future firm power makes no other direct contribution, even (2) Storage of water for consumptive use .. production at Hoover Dam would not be ad- thou.gh the States involved ~re ~ore than (3) Power, the net revenues from which versely affected. · · 60 percent federally owned. . would help pay for the project. 25. The real issue-who gets the water and The States contributed liberally to the 19·22-54 (lower basin): power? costs of planning. The Upper Colorado River, (1) Construction . of Hoover, Parker, Im-. 26. Partnership in reclamation. Basin Compact Commission has cooperated in the planning of the project and furnished perial Dams, and All-American Canal under IV. THE WATER PROJECT IS JUSTIFIED reclamation law. Davis Dam under Mexican information relating to it. The project has 1. The project. will provide water for mu-. the unanimous support of the four upper. 'l're~ty. nicipal, industrial, and agricultural needs. (2) These provide · (a) storage for regula basin States, on a bipartisan basis .. The clim.ate of the Colorado River basin 6: The Colorado River storage. project is a. tion and power and water for consumptive' is semiarid· to · arid. The river is snow f.ed: use:. '(b) 'power revenues pa1· e~tire cost of' multiple-purpose development. It runs hl,gh during the sn9w-melting period, . It provides water for municipal, agricul- storage for r~gulatlon ·and power, and help anci low in the· late sjimmer and winter. pay cost of irrigation' feature~. . tural, and -industrial purposes, and power as This project will store the water during wet· a byproduct. It will greatly improve the . (1) Investigatlons . to establish 'plan . for· years and wet seasons, and make it avail development. recreational a.nd wildlife facilities of the able during the dry years and seasons for. ar.e~. It will pr9viqe for flood contro.l by (2). I~vestigation complete4 in 1950. A all consumptive uses. The project will ex-. feasible . project was reported by United regulation and use of the water. All water. tend and stabilize the water supply and uses -developed· 1-n this project will be sub States Bureau - of - Recl~mation, and favorably provide water for the maximum agricultural, recommended by the Secretary of the In ject to the respective State water laws:gov-.: industrial, and municipal development. - erning appropriation and use. terior: ihe. Bureau of the· Budget,· and the 2. The .project will .end .a deplorable was~e President in 1954. Although the initial-use of the water may of precious fresh water into the sea. be agricultural; in this are~ of limited water (3) ·construction in the upper basin dur The upper-basin States are now using less ing the 32 years has been limited to the supplies uses may change, with agriculture than . 2Y:z _million out of 7¥2 . million... acre yielding to municipal or-industrial demands. Colo:rado-Big,· 'l'J}o~pso~ · p~oject -ap.d a ·f..ew: feet .apportione.d ~ to them by the Colorado· -very small, miscellaneous projects. · · u1;ujer -long-e&t!!iblis)led leg~l priorities. The River compact. From 4 to 5. million acre-. economy of the area is so closely tied tog~thei: (4) Authorizing legislation has passed the· feet annually are being wasted into the sea,. Senate ( S.500) and is now before the House that the water- and-power· users are essen or are being diverted, illegally by lower basin tially the same people. Therefore, there is no (H. R. 3383). This legislation provides for or Mt:xican water users. This water flows 4 dams and reservoirs to provide for river objection from the power users to paying through the turbines at Hoover, Parker, and an extra price for their power, w~en they regq.Iation, hc,>ldoyer st~rage and water for Davis Dams, after which it wastes into the know it is go~ng to help pay for the cost of. consumptive use, and 3 allied hydropower Oulf of Lower California. 'I'.he Colqr~do . plants for the ·generatiqn of hydroelectric water, which in .turn; benefits agricultur~ •. i;tiver·_ compact provides)for· total cons:ump-. municipalities, a.n.d industry,·and contributes energy. It also provides for 11 participating tive use, and Mter full development there_ projects, to convey water from points of to general economic progress in the area. should be no water reach the sea. 7. The Colorado River storage project pro- origin tq poin~s of use.. . · . And now may · I point out some of the 3. The Colorado River storage project will· duces power -as a ~reduct. . reasons why this project should be authorized·. provide holdover storage for regulation of a Falling .water represents_.energy. This en-. anq, built. · wild and unruly river. Such storage, above ergy, when converted into useful forms, be Hoover Dam, also. ,will improve the opera comes very valuable to man. Water is one m. JUSTIFICATION tion characteristics of L:.:.ke Mead, and pro of the few renewable resources. Therefore.. _ 1. The project will provide water for mu vide increased firm power generation at any power created from the energy of falling nicipal, industrial, and agricultural needs. dam which ·may be built between Hoover water is in great demand, because there is 2. The project will end a deplorable waste and Glen Canyon. More important, the Glen no recurring cost for fuel. of fresh water into.the sea. Canyon Dam will extend the life of Lake Hydropower is. premium power, because of : 3. The project w1ll provide !or holdover Mead indefinitely, because much of the silt the ease of making the power output coin stqrage. now building up in Lake Mead will be cide with the demand for power. When the 4. The project is well planned, based on trapped in the Glen Canyon Reservoir. The load goes off, the turbine gates close, and sound engineering design, and the cost es holdover storage in the upper basin also the water is put in storage. When the load timates. and estimates of net power revenues will guarantee annual delivery to the lower comes on, the urbine gates open, and the are conservative. · basin and Mexico of the waters to which water is drawn from storage. Such .an oper 5 . . The project .is a true partnership enter-, they are entitled under the compact and ation is impossible with either thermal or prise. · the Mexican W,ater Trc;laty. nuclear power~ Hydr.opow.er will . never be 6 .. The project is a multiple-purpose· devel- . 4. The Colorado. Riv~r sto:cage project is put out of business by-other forms of power;. opment. . well planned, based on sound engineering. because of its value for peaking purposes. 7~ . The project produces . p9wer as. ~ by- design, ,and the cost estimates and -estimates . The project storage dams are ideal sites for product. . · of net power revenues are conservative. More hydropower plants. These dams are neces ·a. The project wlII prov~de water and pow than 20 ·years time and $10 million hav-e been sary to the storage o! water and the regula-. er for the indus1;,rial development of the area. expended in engineering and economic tion of river flow. It is good business to 9. The project. is vital to n~tional defense. atudies. These studies were made by the uti-Iize them also to convert the .energy of.. _ io. _The. project is ai;i investment of .recog-. );1urea-q. of Reclamation, .in cooperation with falling water . to. power. This power, when. nized Federal interest. . 'fihe respective States; and ·took into consid-. sold at competitive rates in the intermoun , 11. The project users pay all opera.tion and eratton the ,total potentiaLbasinwide devel tain area, will produce net revenues -which n ..ain tenance costs.· opment. will be used to help pay the cost of the •. 3436 CONGRESSIONAL ilECbRD- HOUSE ' February 27 iri-tgation features and thus make the entire which ls made up.in major pa.rt from the sale thousands of .tires, accessories, home appli project self-liquidating. · After all costs have or lease of natural resources held in trust by ances, omce machines, and all the assorted been repaid; these plants will still be produc the Federal Government in the said States. products of the day produced in all corners ing power. the revenues from which will flow The other features of the project are built all_ of the country. tnto the public treasury. · or in part with borrowed money for whi.ch , Eighty-one percent - of the construction 8. The Colorado River storage project w111 interest is paid. costs of the Colorado River storage project provide water and power for industrial de 11. The project water users pay operation will be spent in markets outside the Upper velopment of the area. and maintenance costs. Colorado Basin, for the labor and materials·. The upper Colorado Basin States are store Almost all of the river and harbor and flood with which to build the project. This means houses of raw materials. Great quantities control projects are not only largely non that practically every State in the Union will of coal, oil, gas, oil shale, strategic minerals, reimbursable, but the Federal Government benefit from expenditures resulting from nonferrous and ferrous metals, hydrocarbons, also assumes most operation and mainte such construction. and other minerals and chemicals are found nance costs. During the next 10 years, the 13. The project will stabillize the river and in the area. All the raw materials for Federal Government will spend more on op protect downstream facilities. chemical and fertilizer industries abound in erating and maintaining these water resource The Colorado River carries a heavy silt load the area·. To develop these materials, water projects than will be required to finance the which is now being deposited behind Hoover and power are required. Both will be avail capital construction costs of the Colorado Dam. These silt deposits will ultimately able from this project. River storage project, a completely reim fill up Lake Mead. It· is estimated that the It is ·estimated that 500,000 acre-fe.et _of bursable project that will require an esti life of Hoover· Dam,·without upstream stor water will be required -to meet the industrial mated 30 years to complete. In the case of age, will be less than-300 years. The ~ con~ needs of the area in the next 25- years. It this Colorado _River project, as with-all other structlon of Glen Canyon Dam, which pro will take at least 25 years to develop this reclamation projects, the direct beneficiaries Vide1;1 for 23 million acre-feet of·silt storage, water resource. (water and power users) pay the capital costs above 1.ee Ferry, will make the life of -Hoover · 9. The· Colorado River storage project is and also the operation and maintenance Dam.indefinitely greater, and will also pro vital to national defense. costs. tect subsequent developments · planned be In this age of the atomic and- hydrogen This point is not made in criticism of the tween Hoover -Dam and Glen Canyon. The bombs, most of our centralized vital indus flood-control and river-and-harbor programs, storage in Glen Canyon . will make· feasible, tries are "sitting ducks." Many- could be as such. I believe that sound projects under power developments in the canyon between wiped out in a single aerial bombing or mis these two great programs are just as much Glen Canyon and Hoover Dam. Glen-Can-. sile ·strike. Such industries should be dis an investment in national economic and so-· yon; -therefore, will provi-de the regulation persed. cial progress as the comparable reclamation for future firm power generation, at no ex New defense plants should not be con projects. But in supporting these other pro pense to the. lower basin power users. It structed alongside old ones. When new grams and appreciating their value, I have will, in fact, be a free contribution worth plants to make steel, scientific instruments, been impressed that most water-resource many millions-of -dollars. machine tools, processing plants for vital studies have. recommended that all. other · Extensive headwater· holdover storage materials, heavy equipment and armaments, water-resource development programs .be provided by the Colorado River storage proj- · are built, they should be widely dispersed, placed on the same basis as the 54-year-·old ect will add stability to the water supply for and some of them located in the mountains reclamation program, insofar as cost sharing the lower basin during extreme drought, be where they would be hard to find and hit. by beneficiaries and payment of operation cause such h9ldover storage will make it The Rocky Mountains provide such pro and maintenance are concerned. possible for the upper basin States to meet tected sites, but water and power are need In this connection, I also have been im the required delivery at Lee Ferry ..of 75 ed to make the sites useful. Early construc pressed that the major economic arguments million acre-feet each consecutive 10 years in tion of the Colorado River sto:r-age project, against the Colorado River project have come spite of recurring dry years, when the flow to provide water and power for such indus from California, which not only has received at Lee Ferry drops below 7.5 :q:iillion acre tries, is amply justified on the grounds of the lion's share of tlie reclamation appro feet per year. national defense: . . priations, but. has also received more appro · 14. The project will start the Navaho Tribe~ 10. The project. is an investmen~ of recog- priations under the general flood-control 0n the road to -independence and self-sum nized .Federal -interest. · program than any other State. - ciency. Approximately two-thirds of the total cost The Colorado River storage. project is the r 12. The project wm benefit every section of the Colorado River storage project is -to of the l'iatlon. Navaho's major hope for the future--their be repaid with revenues from- power and opportunity ··to · become self-sµpporting. - municipal water features . . These costs are - .E"very State in the Nation will benefit from the Colorado River storage project_. These' The Navahos make good farmers-when fully reimbursable, with interest; hence, for . th~y .have water·. ·There never has peen a this portion of the project there is no cost to benefits ar.e tangible and can be measured. food surplus in the Navaho Nation, but al the taxpayers. They come in different ways, but the end wa-ys a shortage of food. Hunger and pov The irrigation features of this project will result is the same--beneflt for every area. erty are constant specters among the Nava Expansion of trade area: Products pro cost approximately one-third of the total. hos. The proposed developmen~ will provide The costs of these features are fully reim duced in a reclamation area create new trade food to eat, ·economic stability and oppor bursable, but without interest. The esti through transportation, processing, manu tunity for progress. mated average annual cost of these features facturing, wholesaling, financing, retailing, . The Navahos do not ask for charity, but by of the project is $10 million. and all other processes between production authorizing the project, the people of the . The reclamation fund, a revolving fund and the ultimate . consumer, - whether the United States will be able to keep some of products be uranium· or apricots. used to finance reclamation projects, is made· t~e promises ~ade to the Navahos in the up of· income from the sale or lease of-nat New markets: New income resulting from Treaty of 1868. ural ~esources on the Federal lands in the reclamation projects is the source of new - The average cash income of the Navahos public land States, including power revenues buying power for goods produced in other t;oday · is a.bout $150 per person per- year.· and other miscellaneous receipts. By June areas of the United States. A case study of The project will raise the Navaho standard 30, 1954, this fund totaled $848,149,945, plus the Central Valley project in California pro of living and provide opportunities for the an unappropriated balance of $88,033,070.' vides an excellent example of the influence Navahos to earn their own way. · This fund is so large that currently more of resource development on retail sales. This · The· project will accelerate the educational than half the total appropriations to recla project alone resulted in a new market for. program by providing a basis for a more con :rµation, and more than all the appropriations a million pair of shoes each year, parts· of centrated population. _ to the tirigation features, come· from this which wm be made in -Massachusetts, New . The. project .is the least expensive way to fund. In 1955 more than $20 million from York, Pennsylvania, and- Missouri;· for $iO provide for ·1ong-range ·rehabtlitation of a t;he nat~ral · resources in the upper basin_ million worth of tobacco ·products, which 'Will prpud and deserving .people. .. States (Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, and come largely from North Carolina, Virginia, - 15. The project does not involve' a public Wyoming) ·were added to this fund: Kentucky, Florida, and Pennsylvania; for versus private power controversy. . . ' . · So long as the average annual appropria 8,000 vacuui:n cleaners, 8,000 refrigel'.ators, · Ten private power companies serving the' tion to build the irrigation features of the 8,000 washing machines, 8,000 radios and TV upper' basin area appear~ before the con Colorado River storage project does not ex sets which will come from many States but gressional committees in ·support of this ceed th.e annual contribution to the recla largely from Ohio, Michigan, Illlnois, Con project. The N.ational Association of REA mation fund from the upper basin States, the necticut, New Jersey, New· York, and Penn Cooperatives has endorsed the project. . The construction cost of this project represents sylvania. - powei:. fro~ the _project powerplants ·wm be an investment of all or a portion of the upper_ The increased purchasing power of this sold under the provisions of t-he Reclama-. basin's share of the revolving fund which ·is one project translates into an annual mar-. tion . law, w.h1~h incl.udes . the preference already in the· revolving fund bank. Such liet for 15,000 new cars, some from Detroit, c~ause , There is no Federal subsidy to ppwer construction, therefore, would take no tax and South Bend and other cities', but many in this project. The entire cost of. the power mon,ey out of the. Federal Treasury. As far assembled in California. from parts manu features will be repaid with interest. The as the irrigation features are concerned/ t~is factured in Mlchig~. Indiana, lll~nois, Ohio, power wm be sold at competJtiv_e rates, ex-:. project pays l-ts w~y with direct.inco:rp.e from · and Wisconsin; for hundre Under these conditions it is no more .thall "Mle southern California. users get it for the_ It wo~ld _ t_ake. more ,water to irrigate these right that the proceeds from these Federal , secondary rate and sell if as . though it were' lands than the entire allotm'ent to the resources in the upper basin States should :firm power. The value of this power, being upper ba.Sin. be used to offset the interest on the money made with water apportioned to the upper An insatiable power market exists in the advanced by the Federal Government to basin States, amounts to approximately $4 southern California area sumcient to use all build the irrigation features of reclamation million per year. This is an outright gift the power that can be generated with all the projects. to the southern California power users at water in the Colorado River system. 23. A discussion of the southern California. the expense of the upper basin States. The lower river is completely regulated by proposals for alternate land reclamation in From 5 to 10 million acre-feet of water the Hoover Dam. nonarid areas: per year ls now going into t.he sea from the Water runs downhill. If by any means Wet lands of South, East, and ¥1dwest can .Colorado River. This water is being used the upper basin States can be kept from be drained and cleared. It is estimated tJ;lat to generate power for the primary benefit using their water, this water will run down-: perhaps as much as 21 million acres might of California. hill and southern California and Mexico will be reclaimed by such action. With the completion of construction of get it. The soils for the most part a.re shallow Glen Canyon and Flaming Gorge Dams, this This water resource is literally worth bil and infertile from centuries of leaching by water which is now wasting into the sea lions of dollars. It is not surprising, there heavy rains. Heavy applications of ferti will be used to fill those reservoirs, and later fore, that the southern California opposition lizers will be required annually . . These an for consumptive uses in the upper basin. 1s willing to spend hundreds of thousands of nual costs plus the first cost of reclamation The loss of this power source is one of the dollars to keep the people in the upper basin greatly exceed the cost of reclamation by . main reasons for California's opposition to· from utilizing their allocated water. irrigation. the Colorado River storage project, in spite There is only one issue to this contro . Except for limited areas, the cropping pat of the fact that California signed the Colo versy-who gets the water and the power al tern wlll be limited to a few crops, most of rado River compact and agreed to a ciivislon located by compact to the · upper basin which are in surplus. of the waters of the Colorado · River. States? If these lands had -been attractive for rec Planned reductions of firm power to the low · Failure to authorize this project by this lamation at the very low costs a,s claimed e.r basin as a result ·of expected upper basin Congress will lend the support of this body by the sou .th~F~ California groups 9pposing water diversions are plainly provided for in to the consummation of the "steal of the .. upper Colorado River development, why Hoover Dam power contracts. century,'1 whereby one Commonwealth, which haven't they been reclaimed before, during 25. The real issue--who gets the water and has b'ecoine prosperous and powerful as a the period of agricultural shortages and high . the power. result of water and power made available · prices for agricultural products? There is not sumcient water_in the Colo through Federal aid from a common river Within 15 years this country will need to rado River to supply all the agricultural, source which was divided by compact, now have every available acre of productive agri industrial and domestic needs of the area. uses that strength and economic wealth to cultural land in production including the take, by indirection, that portion of the river total irrigable area in the 17 Western States. After all the water of the Colorado River · is consumptively used, there will still be resource apportioned to the upper basin by Every year the highway, airfield and urban a valid contract which that Commonwealth expansion is taking out of production more thousands of acres of thirsty lands, raw ma terials undeveloped and living space unoc signed. available land than is being brought into 26. Partnership in reclamation: production. It is reported by the Soll Con cupied by people because of lack of water. To provide for an equitable division of The reclamation partnership prqgram joins servation Service that these withdrawals good land and good water with good people. amount to more than 1 million acres per this water resource among the States of the basin, a compact, dividing the use of the This combination creates new fertile acres, year. In the four upper Colorado River Basin new wealth which will produce food and States, 160,000 acres of cropland are diverted water among them, was drawn, signed by each State and the United States. fiber in perpetuity. In one sense, a nation is to other uses every year. only as strong and enduring as its food sup This compact divided the use of the water 24.. current power production at ~oover ply._ In a;nother and mo~e imp ice of our friend, Senator KILGORE; pray THE JOURNAL SENATE ing that the consolations of ThJ· gospel may be richly ministered to his bereaved On request of Mr. JOHNSON of Texas, TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 28, 1956 family; and that Thou wilt raise up and by unanimous consent, the reading others to fill this great gap in the ranks of the Journal of the proceedings of Rev. Andrew K. Rule, professor of Monday, February 27, ' 1956, was dis- church history and apologetics, Louis of those who serve. Amen. ville Presbyterian Seminary, Louisville, p~~s~d wit.~. Ky., offered the following prarer: . · DESIGNATION OF ACTING PRES!· · Almighty God, who in Thy mysterious DENT PRO TE¥PORE providence; hast laid upon us I'eSponsi MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT bilities of unilnaginable proportions, far The legislative cle:rk read the following APPROVAL OF BILL surpassing in their demands the limits letter: . of human knowledge and wisdom, grant ' UNITED STATES SENATE, . Messages in writing from the Presi- PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE, . dent of the United States were commu us the guidance of Thy spirit, who knows Washington, D. 0., February 28, 1956. the end from the beginning; and make To the Senate: nicated to the Senate by Mr. Miller, one us sensitively responsive to His gentle Being temporarily absent from the Senate, of his secretaries, and he announced that leading; that what we shall do together I appoint . Hon. JOHN 0 .- PASTORE, a. Senator on February 25, 1956, the President had tl,lis day may be acceptable in Thy sight from the State of Rhode Island, to perform appr.oved and signed.the act
3425 EXTENS.IONS"Of R·EMA<RKS , HON., EDWARD MARTIN
