July 20, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15693 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS THE "EXXON VALDEZ" SPILL The oil companies made many pledges in broken our promises to the people of the the anxious days nearly 20 years ago when state." declares Theo Polasek, Alyeska's vice Congress was weighing their audacious plan president of operations. HON. GEORGE MILLER to run an 800-mile pipe, filled with hot pe­ Alyeska is owned and funded by seven oil OF CALIFORNIA troleum, across the fragile frozen wilder­ companies. A British Petroleum unit has IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ness. The industry would offer the world's just over 50% of Alyeska Standard Oil of Ohio), would be crack emergency spill-response and units of Arco and Exxon have a bit Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Speaker, the teams, incinerators to burn off sludge and more than 20% each. Smaller stakes are Subcommittee on Water, Power and Offshore toxic vapors, guages to measure any water held by Mobil, Amerada Hess, Unocal and Energy Resources has embarked on an ex­ dumped in the Valdez harbor. In charge of Phillips Petroleum. A committee drawn tensive investigation of the circumstances sur­ it all would be Alyeska Pipeline Service Co., from the seven, chaired by BP Oil Co. vice rounding the Exxon Valdez oilspill in Alaska. I the consortium set up by the oil companies president Fred Garibaldi, oversees Alyeska have toured the Prince William Sound spill that were about to strike it rich. like a board of directors. One of those members companies, Exxon Alyeska built the pipeline, snaking over area twice, talked with dozens of residents Corp., has come in for a firestorm of blame and government officials, and chaired 3 days and under some of the most treacherous ter­ since the March wreck of the Exxon Valdez rain in the world, for $10 billion. That was of hearings in Cordova and Valdez. Although caused an 11-million-gallon oil spill here. about $5.5 billion above budget, partly be­ the subcommittee's work is ongoing, it is al­ But there is another story about the oil cause of problems such as thousands of sus­ ready abundantly clear to me that much more companies' performance in Alaska over the pect welds that had to be dug up and redone than simple human error is behind the worst past 19 years, during which they have taken because X-Rays of some welds were faked. oilspill and most inept cleanup response in our home what the state of Alaska estimates is When the spigot was cranked open in June Nation's history. $45 billion in profits. It is Alyeska's story. 1977, the focus of Alyeska's operations shift­ Over the course of two decades, the The pipeline operator's track record, as ed to its marine terminal at Valdez-and to shown in internal documents, state records, a dogged pursuit of savings. world's major oil companies have taken home talks with regulators, public testimony and a profit estimated at $45 billion from develop­ interviews with current and former employ­ MISSING INCINERATOR ment of Alaska's North Slope. Yet at the ees, paints a picture of a consortium that Set against a mountain backdrop across same time, the Alyeska Pipeline Service Co.­ has long pursued a policy of cutting corners the bay from town, the marine terminal is owned and operated by seven major oil com­ on the environment. gray and imposing: 18 mammoth storage panies-has systematically cutback oilspill re­ WARS OF ATTRITION tanks hunched in the snow. Missing, sponse capabilities and resisted virtually every Over the years, Alyeska has gradually and though, are many of the things the oil com­ attempt by government regulators to get them quietly scrapped many safeguards and never panies said the terminal would include to to operate the pipeline and terminal in the ever built others that it told Congress it reduce risks of catastrophe. Alyeska never built 14 of the storage tanks called for in state-of-the-art fashion that they promised the planned. Several past and present employ­ ees say they occasionally fabricated environ­ construction plans approved by Congress in Congress and the people of Alaska prior to 1974. Nor did it build an incinerator to de­ construction. mental records. Alyeska has fought pro­ posed new regulatory controls in long, ex­ stroy toxic sludge produced by the termi­ For example, in a hearing I chaired yester­ pensive legal wars of attrition that have en­ nal's operations. Pipe on other incinerators day on oil spill cleanup technology, not a abled it to dump pollutants into the envi­ that Alyeska said would be stainless steel in­ single witness defended Alyeska's response ronment in excess of what regulators now stead is of less-expensive-and more easily to the Exxon Valdez spill. Alyeska lacked consider safe. It allowed its defenses against corroded-carbon steel. trained, dedicated cleanup crews, had inad­ a major accident to fall into disrepair. And Alyeska's owners also told Congress there would be a fleet of double-hulled tankers re­ equate and outdated equipment, and failed to many Alyeska statements-both before and after the spill-appear now to have been sistant to puncture. But the Exxon Valdez respond quickly and contain the spill as re­ and almost all other ships that call here quired by their own contingency plan. misleading at best. Alyeska's attitude, critics charge, made an don't have double hulls. Later in this Congress, we will be facing a environmental disaster more likely to occur When oil prices began falling in 1981, the fundamental choice on oil spill legislation: Do than it need have been, and made the owners of Alyeska ordered it to save even we continue to rely on oil company promises Exxon Valdez spill worse than it need have more on costs. In late 1982, Alyeska manag­ or do we make safe and environmentally been. ers prepared what they thought was a lean sound operation a matter of law? Before de­ "Based on my experience with Alyeska," budget and presented it to a meeting of the owners' committee in San Francisco. Ac­ ciding how to answer that question, and prior says James Woodie, who has been both Coast Guard commander for the port of cording to former Alyeska officials who to passing judgment on legislation, I urge my were briefed on the meeting at the time, colleagues to carefully consider the article by Valdez and an Alyeska marine superintend­ ent, "the only surprise is that disaster didn't committee members cited a figure, roughly Charles McCoy, "Broken Promises: Alyeska strike sooner." $220 million, and asked if the budget was Record Shows How Big Oil Neglected the Adds Dennis Kelso, head of Alaska's De­ under that; told it wasn't, they rejected it Alaska Environment" which appeared in the partment of Environmental Conservation: out of hand. Wall Street Journal on July 6, 1989. "Alyeska stands as a monument to a power­ "There was an overall attitude of petty ful and rich industry's fundamental failure cheapness that severely affected our ability [From the Wall Street Journal, July 6, to operate safely," recalls Mr. Woodle, who 1989] to keep its commitments. They have operat­ ed as if they were a sovereign state, with came over from the Coast Guard to run the terminal's arine operations just in time to BROKEN PROMISES-ALYESKA RECORD SHOWS terrible consequences. As a nation, we have see their budget slashed by about a third. "I How BIG OIL NEGLECTED ALASKAN ENVI­ to ask ourselves: 'Can we trust them any­ was shocked at the shabbiness of the oper­ RONMENT more?'" ation." PIPELINE FIRM CUT CORNERS AND SCRAPPED INTERPRETING THE RECORD As cost-cutting deepened, many water-pol­ SAFEGUARDS. RAISING RISK OF DISASTER Yes, Alyeska can be trusted, it insists. It lution controls went down the drain. The ALLEGATION OF FABRICATED DATA defends its performance after the March terminal has a facility to clean the oily bal­ spill, saying that until the crackup its envi­ last water carried by inbound tankers before ronmental record in Alaska was exemplary: it is discharged into the harbor. According VALDEZ, ALAsKA.-The Alaska oil pipeline more than 8,000 tankers in and out without to former employees and EPA investigative was going to show Big Oil at its environmen­ a catastrophe-providing 25% of the na­ reports, Alyeska never installed a planned tal best. tion's domestic oil supply. "We have not system for continuously monitoring the

e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. 15694 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 20, 1989 quality of water flowing into the harbor, denied this repeatedly, saying the terminal Ivan Henman, Alyeska's vice president for and dismantled heaters designed to help had produced only 480 cubic yards of sludge environmental operations, contends that separate oil from the water. Alyeska says it in its nine years of operation between 1977 the only thing coming out of the hole was couldn't find a reliable continuous monitor­ and 1985. But Alyeska's records show that nitrogen, a few other harmless gases and a ing system, and the heaters were a mainte­ as early as 1980, it was looking for ways to little water. He says the alarms must have nance nightmare. dispose promptly of 4,200 cubic yards of been triggered by oxygen leaching in. But Mr. Woodle says Alyeska management sludge. Alyeska says most of that turned out state regulatory experts and Alyeska em­ told him when he arrived that the treat­ not to be sludge after all. ployees familiar with the system say that ment facility probably couldn't meet EPA EPA PROBE gases where the leak occurred usually con­ standards. One way Alyeska got around Alyeska initially refused to comply with a tain very little nitrogen or the other compo­ this, he and some other current and former subpoena the EPA issued in an investigation nents Mr. Henman cites; that oxygen can't employees say, was to send samples of treat­ of water quality. The agency sued and even­ easily force its way into the pipe; and that ed ballast water 1,200 miles to Seattle for tually got a look, but Alyeska succeeded in in any case the alarms are designed to meas­ testing; by the time it got there, some of the stalling the probe for months. EPA lawyers ure hydrocarbons and only in rare circum­ pollutants had decayed, so test results were say Mr. Nelson ducked their inquiries for stances could be triggered by anything else. usually within limits. weeks at a time, and when they finally got "We think their explanation is sheerest fic­ "Had we tested them in Valdez, they him to schedule an interview in the fall of tion," says Bill MacClarence, a DEC air­ would have been off the scale," Mr. Woodle 1985, he didn't show up. Mr. Nelson says he quality expert. The state has begun an in­ says. In any case, he adds, Alyeska dumped doesn't recall ever missing any interviews vestigation to the leak. the water into the harbor long before the with the EPA. Eventually, he was ques­ test results came back from Seattle. tioned. TROUBLED SYSTEM (Alyeska says it sent the samples out only Last year, the EPA issued an investigatory Alyeska's vapor disposal system has been because before 1985 it didn't have the abili­ finding that, contrary to Mr. Nelson's asser­ trouble almost since the start. To save ty to test properly in Valdez.) tions, Alyeska in fact had routinely recycled money, Alyeska built only three of the four THE MIRACLE BARREL sludge through its ballast-water system. Al­ incinerators called for in designs approved Alyeska also tests the oil extracted from though the EPA said it was unable to sub­ by Congress. Internal Alyeska documents ballast water before putting the oil into the stantiate allegations of doctored tests, it show the incinerators have been operated at terminal's storage tanks, to make sure it found that much of Alyeska's data was inac­ lower temperatures than they're designed doesn't contain too much water. Erlene curate and some of its equipment was for-again, to save money, workers familiar Blake, a technician in Alyeska's testing lab­ broken down or disconnected. During and with the system say. Special fixtures meant oratory from 1977 to 1983, asserts that it since the three-year probe, Alyeska has to assure that as much of the vapor as possi­ was "standard operating procedure" to made several improvements ordered by the ble is burned up were disconnected-to save doctor test results if they weren't within the EPA. But after six years it is still fighting money. limits. She and some other past and present regulators' demands to cut the amounts of These and other procedures have left the employees say that if repeated tests of oil toxic hydrocarbons it can discharge into incinerators cracked and decrepit long samples didn't produce acceptable readings, Valdez harbor, and it continues to dump before their time. What's more, partly be­ their supervisors would draw a new sample water that is sometimes far above the levels cause Alyeska built the system's loop of from what became known as the "the mira­ regulators seek. "With all the money Alyeska and the U.S. pipe out of carbon steel instead of stainless, cle barrel"-a container of oil that always the loop has sprung dozens of leaks over the tested within legal limits. taxpayer have spent squabbling over this thing, you could have built a real fine treat­ years, say regulators and Alyeska employ­ Steve Eward, a technician from 1977 to ees. 1980, says he was frequently ordered to dis­ ment system," says Harold Geren, an EPA water-quality expert. As early as 1981, the whole system had to connect the meter that measures how much be shut down for nine months, during which treated ballast water was being flushed into WRANGLING OVER AIR POLLUTION time literally tons of hydrocarbons the harbor. The rates and amounts Alyeska Alyeska has shown similar resistance to streamed into the atmosphere. Internal is permitted to dump are set by federal law, improving its air-pollution controls. In the Alyeska records show that between 1980 and but Mr. Eward and others say the laws were early 1980s, the Valdez city council tried to 1985, the system was shut down an average often ignored. "The way around it was to get Alyeska and its oil-company owners to of one day in five. State regulations and the shut off the mechanism for gauging how make tankers burn low-sulfur fuel while in EPA say pollution from system failures sky­ much we dumped," he says. "There was no port to reduce pollution. Alyeska and its rocketed when the pipeline started carrying other way for the regulators to check it." owners argued, among other things, that high levels of natural-gas liquids in January Alyeska always has heatedly denied falsi­ they couldn't do that because tankers would 1987. The liquids vaporize more readily than fying test results or deliberately disconnect­ have to be refitted at high cost. However, oil. ing equipment to skirt environmental regu­ many of the tankers are already equipped lations. Ms. Blake, another former techni­ for low-sulfur fuel because it is required at AL YESKA RESPONDS cian and a current employee all testified certain West Coast terminals. The oil-indus­ Alyeska's response to problems in its before the state public utility commission try argument was "a lie, and we knew it was vapor system has followed the same pattern that they had fabricated test results. How­ a lie," says Jerry Nebel, a former Alyeska as the reaction to water-pollution charges. ever, the commission ruled in 1987 that supervisor whose last position at the termi­ First, it denied them. For example, in the Alyeska hadn't knowingly done so, finding nal, in 1983, was oil-spill coordinator. summer of 1987, Mr. Henman was maintain­ only testing "irregularities." More recently, the terminal has drawn ing to regulators and in public comments UNENDING DISPUTES fire for its system for burning off poisonous that Alyeska didn't know until late 1986 Nonetheless, the water Alyeska pours in vapors that build up in the oil storage tanks. that natural-gas liquids would present any the harbor has been the focus of unending A long pipe funnels the gases into a series of undue problems. Yet an internal Alyeska disputes, and despite the occasional negative incinerators, where they're burned. If the study has warned in March 1985 that the publicity these disputes engendered, system can't draw the gases off fast enough, expected increase in natural-gas liquids Alyeska has dug in its heels. The company emergency vents in the tanks open and the would burden the system and recommended once has a permit to dump water containing toxic vapors shoot untreated into the sky. that all the incinerators "be brought up to concentrations of highly toxic aromatic hy­ About a year and a half ago, the pipe sprang maximum operational/mechanical efficien­ drocarbon, mainly benzene, toluene and a leak in a hard-to-reach spot near the ter­ cy" beforehand. They weren't. Mr. Henman xylene, as high as nine parts per million. minal's power plant. Periodically, Alyeska now says that he never misled anyone on When that permit expired in 1983, state and workers familiar with the system say, liquid the issue, but that the liquids posed unan­ federal regulators demanded that in a new hydrocarbons dribbled out, collecting in ticipated problems, for the system's inciner­ permit the limit be cut as much as 85 per­ puddles. From time to time, vapors wafting ators. cent. Alyeska tied them up in the EPA's ad­ from the leak triggered warning alarms of After resisting pressure to improve the ministrative process, while continuing to potentially dangerous gas buildup. system for years, Alyeska finally embarked dump at far higher levels than the regula­ UNPLUGGED LEAK on a $15 million upgrade just before the tors considered acceptable. Alyeska at times placed patches over the spill in March. At a meeting in Bellevue, By 1985, regulators suspected Alyeska was leak, but didn't get around to a permanent Wash., state and EPA officials say, Alyeska recycling sludge through the ballast-water repair job for nearly 18 months. Alyeska also agreed to test emission levels from the system and discharging it in the harbor, in didn't report the problem to state regulators incinerators before overhauling them, so violation of the federal Clean Water Act. until the day it began repairs last month­ regulators could judge whether the upgrade George Nelson, the Alyeska president, an apparent violation of law, regulators say. really improves air quality. ------

July 20, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15695 POLLUTANTS FROM TANKERS Asked about it, Thomas F. Brennan, an doesn't specifically "call for the barge being But in May, Alyeska changed its mind, ar­ Alyeska spokesman, says the drill was de­ loaded." guing in a letter to a state attorney general signed to feature equipment failures "so the Indeed, Alyeska now contends it wasn't ac­ that the incinerators are "in a state of unre­ crew could be trained and adaptable to that tually required to be able to do the things it paired malfunction," so tests wouldn't be kind of situation." An employee familiar said it was able to do in its contingency representative. This argument astounded with the drill says that isn't so. "In a fire plan. Larry Shier, manager of the marine regulators, who have spent years hearing drill you're supposed to put out the fire," he terminal, told investigators from the Na­ Alyeska insist its incinerators were fine. says. "That didn't happen. The equipment tional Transportation Safety Board at hear­ Washington, DC. The initial thrust is the drill. sek offered the argument that the plan AIDS education and innovative health care de- 15696 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 20, 1989 livery for people with AIDS and their families. evision game show, on which Ms. Warwick OPPOSE THE INTERNATIONAL The foundation also acts as an advocate to appeared with friends and fellow entertainers; PLUTONIUM CONTROL ACT promote the integrity of the family and to en­ and the Washington, DC, Chapter of Links, courage values and activities which increase Inc. The foundation has also become affiliated HON. WM. S. BROOMFIELD the quality of life for all people. In an effort to with Funders Concerned About AIDS, and is OF MICHIGAN remain apprised of the needs of various seg­ hopeful of increased involvement with the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ments of her constitutency, Ambassador War­ funding community, particularly in support of wick has formed the Ambassador of Health's residential care facilities for infants and chil­ Thursday, July 20, 1989 Advisory Council, with task forces providing dren with AIDS, and empowerment of commu­ Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, there are a input relative to black Americans, Hispanics, nity-based and grassroots AIDS education and number of my colleagues who would like to and people with AIDS, and is in the process health care service organizations and pro­ force the President to halt U.S. production of of forming an additional task force on native grams. weapons grade plutonium and highly enriched Americans and Asian-Pacific Islanders. uranium. Congressman RON WYDEN and Con­ In 1988, Ambassador Warwick and the War­ Each year, Ms. Warwick hosts a gala bene­ gressman DANTE FASCELL have introduced wick Foundation were involved in the following fit weekend to procure funding for the founda­ legislation in the House of Representatives health related activities: Sponsorship of a na­ tion and its programs. The June 1988 AIDS which would do exactly this. H.R. 2403, the tional birthday party for people with AIDS, with Benefit Gala Weekend, held in Washington, International Plutonium Control Act, is op­ the U.S. Public Health Service and Showtime DC, was highlighted by an incredible "That's posed by the administration and, as the fol­ Networks, Inc.; the launching of a national What Friends Are For" concert, which fea­ lowing editorial demonstrates, the Washington antidiscrimination campaign aimed at chang­ tured such superstars as Bob Hope, Lena Post does as well. I share these reservations. ing the way America views people with AIDS; Horne, Burt Bacharach, Stevie Wonder, Elton As a result, I intend to oppose this measure distribution of a free AIDS video directed at John, Gladys Knight, Nancy Wilson, Leslie when Mr. WYDEN offers it as an amendment junior and senior high school students, in con­ Uggams, Mary Wilson, Luther Vandross, to the DOD authorization bill which is sched­ junction with the Centers for Disease Control Howard Hewett, Blair Underwood, Holly Rob­ uled to be considered by the House of Repre­ and Showtime Networks, Inc.; the establish­ inson, Dustin Nguyen, Kimberly Russell, Kelly sentatives next week. I am also inserting for ment of the M. Carl Holman scholarship essay the information of my colleagues a detailed contest, in conjunction with Showtime Net­ McGillis, Catherine Oxenberg, Sugar Ray Leonard, Kent Masters-King, Robert Town­ question and answer fact sheet on this issue works, Inc, awarding a $3,000 scholarship to prepared by the Arms Control and Disarma­ the winning essayist on the topic "How to send, Byron Allen, Yakov Smirnoff, George Kirby, Expose, and Barry Manilow. ment Agency. I hope this will also prove Help a Person With AIDS;" testimony before useful to my colleagues. the Senate Governmental Affairs Committee This year, 1989, the second annual AIDS chaired by Senator JOHN GLENN; remarks for [From the Washington Post, July 7, 19891 Benefit Gala Weekend was held in New York, the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, for the AIDS A PLUTONIUM CUTOFF? June 8-11. Some of the performers included: hearings held by Congressman JOHN CON­ It has struck some people that whereas (1) YERS; and addresses before the National Frank Sinatra, Sammy Davis, Jr., Whitney the United States has, for safety and envi­ Medical Association Convention, as well as Houston, Patti LaBelle, Gladys Knight, Cyndi ronmental reasons, stopped making strate­ gic nuclear materials for weapons and (2) the U.S. Health Summit on HIV Infection, at Lauper, Mary Wilson, Rita Coolidge, Luther Vandross, and Kiara. the international horizon looks unusually the invitation of former Assistant Secretary for sunny, the United States should therefore Health Dr. Robert Windom. Next year Ms. Warwick and the foundation not go back into the business of restoring its In 1989, the foundation plans to continue its plan to expand their work to a country in weapons-making capability but rather development of educational programs through Africa and will hold the third annual seminar in should negotiate with the Kremlin a veri­ fied cutoff and divert the huge savings to such initiatives as: a comic book designed to Los Angeles in June. cleaning up the nuclear pollution of the teach elementary school aged children about The Warwick Foundation is a community past 40 years. This is the thinking behind AIDS; a video, written by and featuring college the "International Plutonium Control Act." students, to educate the college population service organization dedicated to assuring the Though a new administration engaged in its about AIDS; and a documentary, in collabora­ delivery of health promotion/disease preven­ own ambitious arms control agenda may not tion with the Child Welfare League of America, tion and health care service programs to pop­ have to fear immediate challenge, the pro­ to educate the general public about the pedi­ ulations for whom current programs are insuf­ posal has a swords-in-to-plowshares luster atric AIDS epidemic. ficient or ineffectual. The specific health focus and has begun to pick up support. on the Warwick Foundation at any given time Whether this legislation can reliably carry Thus far during her tenure as Ambassador the country-the two countries-to a safer of Health, Ms. Warwick has served as honor­ will be dictated by the changing health needs world, however, needs to be proven. It's not ary chairperson for the Department of Health of these targeted populations. simply that the Bush administration is no 1 and Human Services Region 1 Pediatric AIDS more eager than its predecessors to have its The Warwick Foundation is committed to: Conference in Nashua, NH, as well as for negotiating hand tied by Congress. It's that Santa Ana, CA, AIDS Walk Orange County, Improving the quality and delivery of existing the totally lopsided situation now existing is and has sent her greetings and best wishes hardly conducive to a successful negotia­ health care services. tion: the United States is in an involuntary for numerous other programs around the total moratorium on producing new weap­ country when her schedule would not permit Creating new health care program models designed to reach currently underserved pop­ ons materials while the Soviet Union's plant her to attend in person. On World AIDS Day, is working and permits it to go full speed December 1, 1988, Ambassador Warwick's ulations. ahead. If he chose, of course, Mikhail Gor­ presence was felt by way of written word in Promoting health education. bachev could make matching deep cuts; New York City, and via pretaped telecast in please do. But he has not so chosen. His Europe; and her health related initiatives were Functioning in an advocacy capacity, by arms control proposals in this field are no the topic of a recent Message magazine arti­ holding those institutions and organizations more attractive to the other side than were with resources and expertise accountable for the proposals the United States made in its cle, part of an issue devoted almost entirely to period of ascendancy in stockpiled materials AIDS education. meeting the health needs of a broadly de­ and production capability in the Eisenhow­ In addition to donations from countless pri­ fined, all-inclusive constituency. er, Kennedy and Johnson years. An Ameri­ vate citizens across the Nation, heightened can law whose teeth bite only into American Promoting the integrity of the family, and capabilities seems unlikely to induce him to largely as the result of widespread exposure the encouragement of values and activities through two Showtime specials, "That's What alter his approach. which increase the quality of life for all people. In and after the Nixon years, improve­ Friends Are For" and "Dionne Warwick & ments in verification, among other things, Friends," the foundation has received financial Ms. Warwick is to be commended for her changed the focus of arms control from support from among others, such diverse commitment and dedication in the struggle to checks on weapons-making infrastructure to sources as "Art LA88;" the "Family Feud" tel- prevent the spread of AIDS. controls on the weapons themselves. That July 20, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15697 remains the emphasis of current negotia­ Q5. Does the USSR advocate ending the Additionally, Japan and the FRG have tions. This is not to say there is no place recycle of fissile materials from decommis­ signed the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty eventually for controls on infrastructure, sioned weapons? and have given credible assurances includ­ though given the way the Soviets combine A. Yes, Soviet representatives have pro­ ing coverage with fullscope safeguards that military and civilian nuclear facilities posed this. If the USSR could successfully their nuclear programs are for civil pur­ Texas, California, Arizona and Flor­ emergence of a new generation of bright, ar­ term directly threaten the foundation of ida could gain a total of 11 new congressper­ ticulate, and committed leaders. Among these equal employment opportunities for women sons, based on the growing number of His­ impressive new leaders is Richard T. Castro, and racial minorities. When it comes to civil panics moving into these states and from the executive director of the Agency for rights, it is now clear that Reagan's Court migration of U.S. residents from the frost­ has arrived. In the wake of these decisions, belt of the Northeast to this region. Should Human Rights and Community Relations for employers, particularly in the private this shift occur, Hispanic Americans could the city of Denver, CO. Mr. Castro has ad­ sector, may now decide to abandon affirma­ be expected to have a larger role in electing vanced the cause of Hispanics and all of Den­ tive action altogether. The Court rulings individuals to Congress who would be more ver's citizens in his tenure at the Human grant room for employers to maneuver away sensitive to the rich diversity, both histori­ Rights Agency. Denver and Hispanics in Colo­ from implementing all but the most token cal and cultural, of the Southwest. rado are lucky to have such fine representa­ of affirmative action policies, for fear of vio­ In our own state of Colorado, it is impor­ tion. lating the rights of those not covered by tant for Hispanics to recognize that a com­ Mr. Speaker, I would like to submit two arti­ such plans. Moreover, even though the deci­ plete count is also essential for the follow­ sion does not directly affect voluntarily· ing reasons: the Legislature draws up the cles written by Mr. Castro for the RECORD. I adopted affirmative action plans, many such congressional districts based on population urge my colleagues to review them and to re­ plans were modeled on consent decrees. If figures in different communities, counties, member the name of Richard Castro-we are court-approved plans are now subject to liti­ neighborhoods and blocks and the bound­ certain to hear more from this rising star. gation, the attack on voluntary programs aries of state legislative districts, water dis­ [From the Colorado Statesman, June 30, cannot be far behind. tricts, school districts and the like are simi­ 19891 Ralph Neas, Executive Director of the larly drawn. Leadership Conference on Civil Rights I was one of 11 members appointed to the REAGAN COURT HAS .ARRIVED-PRESSURE Now stated recently, "This court is a radical 1981 Colorado Reapportionment Commis­ ON BUSH AND CONGRESS court that is going out of its way to under­ sion. This commission was charged with and pushed the and restricted government set-asides for mi­ crimination. Simpson-Rodino Immigration bill through nority contractors. In the five cases, con­ Columnist Richard Cohen from the Wash­ Congress with former Governor Richard servative Justices William Rehnquist, Byron ington Post summed up the challenge to Lamm, has another idea. Although the U.S. White, Sandra Day O'Connor and Antonin President Bush when he recently wrote, Constitution states that all residents should Scalia were joined by Kennedy, who is prov­ "America is a changed nation, but not so be counted, Conner wants to exclude non­ ing to be a reliable ally in civil rights cases. changed that racism does not remain its citizens. Conner says the Census Bureau Kennedy's predecessor, Lewis Powell, was most durable weed. A Supreme Court major- should include a census question asking ... . ' .

15700 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 20, 1989 people whether they are citizens. This, cal superiority was taken from us. It is time we (4) to construct and equip temporary or Conner argues, would show how many non· started fighting back. permanent public works, including build­ citizens had been counted in each jurisdic­ The National Academy of Science, Space, ings, facilities, appurtenances, and utilities, tion. and Technology Act would help us regain our at such location. Jim Gorman, spokesman for the U.S. SEC. 5. TEMPORARY FACILITIES. Census Bureau, contends that excluding il­ superiority in the high technology world of the nineties. It would provide a Government-spon­ For the purpose of providing temporary legal aliens from the count is unconstitu­ facilities and enabling early operation of the tional. Gorman says, "We count everyone sored education and research center to attract the finest minds in the country. The Academy Academy, the Secretary of Education is au­ except temporary residents. That's the way thorized to provide for the erection of the we read the Constitution." would serve as a focus for our country's re­ minimum additional number of temporary • • • • newed efforts in the fields of science and buildings and the modification of existing technology. The country would benefit greatly structures and facilities on existing govern­ by the Government service requirements of ment property and to provide for the proper NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCI­ Academy admission, and by the gradual influx functioning, equipping, maintaining, and re­ ENCE, SPACE, AND TECHNOLO­ of Academy students into the private sector. pairing thereof. The Secretary may contract with institutions for such operation or in­ GY Mr. Speaker, this legisl~tion opens a window of opportunity for students of all in­ struction as he deems necessary. comes and backgrounds. It is a small step for SEC. 6. COURSE OF STUDY AND ORGANIZATIONS; HON. JAMES A. TRAFICANT, JR. Congress, and a giant leap for the future of APPOINTMENT OF OFFICIALS. The Secretary of Education, with the OF OHIO our country. I hope to see it passed. advice of the Commission, shall determine IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The full text of my bill is as follows: the course of study and the organizational H.R.- Thursday, July 20, 1989 structure of the Academy, and shall estab­ Be it enacted by the Senate and House of lish such rules and appoint such officials as Mr. TRAFICANT. Mr. Speaker, I rise today, Representatives of the United States of are necessary to provide for the operation of on the anniversary of man's first steps on the America in Congress assembled, the Academy. Moon, not to look back on the great accom­ SECTION I. SHORT TITLE. SEC. 7. ADMISSIONS. plishments of this country, but to look forward This Act may be cited as the "National The Secretary of Education, with the to a rededication of our country to the goals Academy of Science, Space, and Technology advice of the Commission, shall determine and ideals that led us to the Moon 20 years Act". the size of the student body at the Academy ago. SEC. 2. ESTABLISHMENT OF NATIONAL ACADEMY. and shall oversee all admissions procedures. Today I am introducting legislation to pro­ There is established in the Department of Admissions to the academy shall be deter­ Education a National Academy of Science, mined in the following manner: vide for a National Academy of Science, Space, and Technology (hereinafter re­ <1) Each Senator and Representative shall Space, and Technology. This Academy would ferred to as the "Academy"), for the in­ nominate not more than 20 persons, who be a sibling of West Point, the Naval Acade­ struction and preparation for Federal serv­ shall be eligible to take a competitive exami­ my, and the Air Force Academy. It would at­ ice of selected persons. nation which shall be held annually. The tract the finest young minds in the country, SEC. 3. ESTABLISHMENT OF ADVISORY COMMIS· number of vacancies allocated to each State who would achieve admission to the Academy SION. shall be proportional to the representation by means of congressional appointment and There is established a commission Los Angeles Times featured of profits from Third World countries. into the 1980's. Although the rhetoric has an article about the impact on local communi­ The Roundtable on International Agricul­ changed from cold war slogans to human ties in the Pacific Northwest because of the tural Policy was held at Agricenter Interna­ rights issues, the underlying truths remain: spotted owl. The readers could substitute any tional, a unique public-private venture in Freedom and self-determination are not just town in southeast Alaska or the South for the Memphis housing conference facilities, the philosophical notions left over from the 18th largest permanent display of agricultural towns in question in the Pacific Northwest. products in the country, and extensive plots and 19th centuries, but are flesh and blood [From the Los Angeles Times, July 14, 1989] for demonstrating new crop varieties, fertil­ issues that have so captured the imagination of men and women throughout the world that LOGGERS SEE SPOTTED OWL AS A HARBINGER izers, and pesticides. Participants in the OF DOOM Roundtable included producers, leaders of people continue to struggle and suffer for the producers organizations, bankers dealing fulfillment of those ideals. (By Mark A. Stein> with commodity export financing, repre­ Symbolically and tangibly, Captive Nations SWEET HOME, 0RE.-Steve Rood was on a sentatives of agribusiness, and officials of Week is important. It brings our attention back last tour through the old Sweet Home Saw­ state and federal governments. to the not-too-distant past and opens up the mill, hopping down creaking catwalks to The co-sponsors of the Roundtable were look at a cannibalized edging saw. the Arkansas Soybean Association, Federal pages of history to remind us, and show a "It is no fun seeing it this way," he said, Compress and Warehouse Company . the against the people now known as the captive Rood will not have to look for long at the National Cotton Council of America, Pen nations. Whether that injustice was done as idled mill in the heart of town. Workmen al­ Holdings, Inc. Oregon Comeback" that pulled Port­ throughout Oregon in that time. In fact, Oregon is still by far the country's land up from the 1982 recession by diversi­ Willamette Industries and others cite sev­ most productive timber state, followed by fying its economy into Pacific Rim trade eral reasons for closing their mills, but the California and Washington. and electronics. one that most often boils people's blood is Like those states, Oregon is covered by Sweet Home, like other rural Pacific the log supply shortage attributed to law­ many millions of trees that contain many Northwest mill towns, lives on lumber. The suits over the future of the northern spot­ billions of board-feet of wood. The temper­ Chamber of Commerce said the nine largest ted owl. ate, well-watered, mineral-rich Coast Range private firms here employ 1,202; 1,000 of With the failure last month of a summit and Cascade Range mountains remain the those jobs-83%-are in forest products, between preservationists and timber compa­ best places on the planet to grow softwood from lumber and plywood to veneer and nies, and the start next month of hearings trees, especially straight and strong Douglas shingles. on whether to formally protect the owl, fir. So far this year, more than 150 of those many people fear environmental concerns But there are problems. Not all those timber jobs have been lost. Some, such as will close other mills soon. trees are readily available. Many are pre­ the 80 at the Pleasant Valley Plywood Inc. Maybe one of Sweet Home's five remain­ served in parks and wilderness areas. Many plant, will return when raw material prices ing mills will be among those closed. more, on intensively cut private lands, are drop so the mills can again turn a profit. Maybe all of them. too young to harvest until well into the next Others, including the 65 at the Sweet Home century. Sawmill, are gone forever. "There's a pervading uncertainty and What is left, to a great extent, are the fed­ However, the impact of this is not easy to questioning," said Erik V. Kvarsten, the eral forests managed by the Forest Service gauge. Sweet Home city manager. "People here are and Bureau of Land Management. But these Scott Woodward of Pleasant Valley· Ply­ uncertain about their very livelihood. This public lands have many uses-only one of wood said most of his laid off workers have area is good for one thing, logging, and which is to supply timber. Providing recrea­ found other jobs, though many commute to people here see that being taken away from tion is another, as is protecting watershed Eugene, 50 miles away. Meanwhile, former them." that supplies most of the region's surface Sweet Home Sawmill hands have been hired Even for people used to the boom-and­ water. at a new Willamette Industries facility that bust logging industry, the prospect of mas­ Accommodating wildlife is another land custom-finishes timber for shipment to sively expanding wildlife preserves-one­ use, with the northern spotted owl causing Japan. fourth of this year's U.S. Forest Service the most concern at the moment. To help There are at least 20 empty storefronts timber sales and a third of the U.S. Bureau maintain a degree of biological diversity along the two main streets in town, but pro­ of Land Management's sales have been that scientists say is needed to preserve the logging activist Gayle Davis said many blocked by court order-is frightening. environment, a federal law forbids the gov­ closed for reasons unrelated to the spotted "The 1982 recession was caused by cyclical ernment to drive any species into extinction. owl debate. Some closed during a nine-week issues like interest rates, and people realized Environmentalists have charged that cut­ millworkers' strike last year, she said, and they would eventually right themselves," ting down virgin, or "old growth," timber others have been hurt because industrywide Kvarsten said. "But with these environmen­ threatens the northern spotted owl with ex­ wage cuts force families to shop at discount tal issues, people are not sure it will ever tinction. Scientists agree that this owl sub­ chain stores in nearby Lebanon or Albany. change. They don't see it ever ending or get­ species requires several unusual characteris­ Nevertheless, there is a sense of anxiety in ting better." tics of old-growth forests, such as standing Sweet Home. It grows daily, as independent In Oregon, with its uniquely generous rev­ dead trees to give it a hunting perch, living loggers such as Robert L. Rice and Jean enue-sharing plan with the federal govern­ trees of various sizes to let it hide from Reynolds cut closer to the end of existing ment, losing timberland means losing much predators and dead logs to house its prey. contracts. Many have no prospects beyond more than a few thousand jobs. It also Such characteristics normally are not that. means losing timber receipts set aside for found in managed tree plantations that usu­ Reynolds, for example, felled trees for a schools and roads-perhaps $72 million lost ally replace old growth once it is cut. Plan­ Simpson Timber Co. mill in Albany that has to the state. tations tend to have even-sized trees, few if been permanently closed. The timber Reyn­ "Those of us who live here, we are caught any dead trees or downed logs, and clean olds is cutting was purchased before the between the preservationists and the indus­ forest floors. Simpson mill closed; the logs are sold on the try," said John Kunzman, who owns two However, research is being conducted to open market. When she completes her cur­ Sweet Home timber-supply shops and orga­ determine if the most critical old-growth rent assignment next month, Reynolds said nizes grass-roots support for loggers characteristics can be successfully mimicked she also will close down. Her 12 loggers and throughout the Northwest. "We're the ones on tree plantations, as well as to see if the five truck drivers will be looking for work. being squeezed in the middle; we're the ones owl is naturally adapting to "second "I've looked around, and everything is real being crushed." growth" on tree farms. tight," she said. "Some will work at a loss, Sweet Home will not sour without a fight. Indeed, research is under way to deter­ just to keep up payments on their equip­ As in a growing number of logging commu­ mine exactly how many northern spotted ment. I've decided that if I cannot make nities, from Happy Camp, Calif., to Forks, owls are out there. The U.S. Fish and Wild­ money Con a job], I won't log it. I should be life Service recently estimated that there able to hang on until spring. Maybe there Wash., yellow ribbons fly from homes, cars are perhaps 3,000 to 4,500-many more than will be something then. Maybe." and businesses to show support for loggers. the decade-old estimate of a few hundred Industry supporters say the problem is And lately tiny yellow dots have appeared birds, but possibly far fewer than what may that so much of what could be logged has on the cash that loggers spend, illustrating be seen by large bands of scientists now been placed off limits by court orders. Rood the importance of their paychecks to the re­ combing the Pacific Northwest. said federal judges have tied up 40% of all gion's economy. The uncertainty over this shy, mottled­ of Linn County's timber sales. Last week, some folks in Sweet Home brown, 16-inch-high raptor fuels the bitter As more loggers are idled, saw log supplies went so far as to issue open invitations to debate over how far people should go to pro­ fall and threaten to force mills to close. city dwellers from Portland, Los Angeles tect it. Sometimes this is because banks are reluc­ and even New York City to come for a brief Loggers, from paneled Portland board tant to loan money unless a mill can show visit-stay with a local family if necessary­ rooms to noisy Sweet Home mill floors, that it will be open long enough to pay it and see for themselves what logging is all insist that current court injunctions ob­ back. At other times, mill operators do not about. tained by preservationists go much too far, know if they will have anything to cut at "We want people to come here and see considering the large gaps in research about all. what we are doing," said Dan Conrad, a Wil­ the bird. "Our lead time in logs is now lower than I lamette Industries employee. "We want Preservationists, including the national have ever seen it," Rood said. He said some them to see that we aren't tearing up the Sierra Club Legal Defense Fund and local Willamette Industries sawmills in Sweet land, and we aren't about to cut down the Oregon Natural Resources Defense Council, Home have a 10- to 12-day supply waiting on last tree in Oregon." counter that the owl acts as a proverbial their log decks, or storage areas. Others Conrad and Kunzman-leaders of the "canary in a coal mine" and its difficulties have 30- to 40-day supplies. A comfortable Sweet Home Chapter of Communities for a indicate fundamental problems with the re­ margin is at least 60 days, he said. Great Oregon, a grass-roots lobbying gions' entire forest ecosystem. With supplies short, prices have soared. group-say they have heard from relatives But if the condition and fate of the north­ At one salvage sale in Eugene la.st week, and friends who mistakenly believe that ern spotted owl is uncertain, so too is the $14.1 million was bid for timber appraised Oregon is about to lose its last tree. condition and fate of logging towns such as by the Forest Service at $7 .6 million. The Reality is far more complex. Sweet Home. Such towns were not part of Northwest Forest Resource Council said July 20, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15703 such bids are unprofitable and were prob­ dondo Beach. This occasion gives me the op­ present to you my testimony on the matter ably made by companies desperate for cash portunity to express my sincere appreciation of flag desecration, with particular empha­ to service their debts. for his many years of hard work and unending sis on the burning of the flag as was recent­ "With no Forest Service timber, it is put­ ly upheld as a freedom of expression in ac­ commitment. cordance with the first amendment of the ting pressure on private land and people are Archie Snow has served the people of Re­ cutting timber before it is mature because it U.S. Constitution in a decision by the U.S. is profitable," said Rice, and independent dondo Beach in many more ways than his 8 Supreme Court. logger. years as council member. His involvement in Let me preface my remarks by saying that The council and others believe that the professional committees and service organiza­ while I have introduced legislation propos­ signs indicate that the real crunch will tions is indeed long and impressive. Included ing an amendment to the U.S. Constitution arrive before autumn, and they worry that among these are: commissioner for Los Ange­ that would prohibit desecration of the flag, this winter will be worse than the timber de­ les County Emergency Preparedness, com­ I understand there may be efforts to accom­ pression of 1982. mission chair for 1988; Los Angeles Federal plish this through statutory law. Regardless That may be hyperbole, but even experi­ of the method used, I will strongly support enced loggers such as Rice talk about light­ Executive Board, disaster preparedness com­ either effort as I believe some corrective ening their debt load for a long dry spell. mittee; local government advisory committee action must be taken so long as it achieves "What I'm thinking about is what I on coastal issues to State of California Secre­ the actual intent of the legislation. should be doing right now to prepare," he tary of Environmental Affairs; member of local Some have expressed oppostion to the use said, looking up at a $500,000 yarding tower government committee and helped to write of a constitutional amendment to accom­ he recently bought to speed up the loading Los Angeles County hazardous waste man­ plish this prohibition arguing that the bill of log trucks in the forest. "Like, maybe I agement plan; Governmental Refuse Collec­ of rights has not been amended in over 200 should unload that to someone who can use tion and Disposal Association; executive com­ years. That rationale simply does not hold it." mittee in Beach Cities Coalition for Alcohol water. Thomas Jefferson said the planet is "But we employ 40 people today-that is for the living and professed that the Consti­ 40 families," interjected Rice's son, Chris, and Drug Free Youth; member of local gov­ tution was created to be changed from time who earned a pharmacist's license to give ernment caucus; member of Los Angeles to time in order to reflect the society it gov­ himself an income in the lean times. "If we County-West Mosquito Abatement District; erned. Of the three ways in which the Con­ did that [sell that equipment], we would put steering committee, Santa Monica Bay stitution can be changed, through a Consti­ 40 people out of work. And this is no time to project; member of North Redondo Rotary tutional Convention, which I oppose, consti­ be out of work." Club as well as a member of Elks Lodge No. tutional amendment or judicial interpreta­ The uncertainty already is tangible to 1378. tion, the latter accounts for the overwhelm­ Sweet Home merchants. They said they Throughout his many years of service to the ing majority of the times the document has have noted a dip in sales of recreational ve­ been changed. The Constitution is what a hicles and other luxury items with monthly Redondo Beach community, Archie Snow has majority of a sitting Supreme Court says it payments. Bankers report a decline in con­ prided himself on helping people. He has is. When you read the Constitution, what sumer loans. been able to solve numerous problems such you see is not always what you get. "Whether we get a paycheck from a log­ as housing needs, short-term loans, Social I do not believe that freedom of expres­ ging company or not, we all know that we Security and welfare, health services, and sion as recently defined by the Court is depend for part of our income on the indus­ transportation needs. No one will disagree what our forefathers had in mind in advo­ try," said Cheryl Keenan, branch manager that the people of Redondo Beach have ben­ cating freedom of speech, and as such is not for Key Bank in Sweet Home. "If the efited immeasurably from his unselfish dedica­ necessarily protected by the first amend­ timber industry goes, there's not much left tion. ment as is freedom of speech. I will ac­ for Sweet Home. We are not a very diverse My wife, Lee, joins me in extending our con­ knowledge that the word "expression" by economy." definition does mean "utterance" or "a word Sometimes anxiety spills into anger. Many gratulations to this caring and giving individual. or phrase"; but, generally, it is thought to cars in town have anti-owl bumper stickers: Archie Snow is truly a remarkable individual mean an act or action. In the case of burn­ "Save a Logger/Eat an Owl" or "I Like who has devoted his talents and energies to ing the flag, this was a violent act to draw Spotted Owls ... Fried." At the Sportsman's enriching the lives of so many other people. attention to a statement of opposition to Holiday parade last Saturday, one float used We wish Archie, his wife, Eva, their children, U.S. foreign policy. The act of burning the an owl doll to depict its slogan: "I'll Drown Paul and Sheila, all the best in the years to flag was not a statement in and of itself. Anyone Who Takes My Job." come. I heard Chairman Edwards ask Congress­ Pro-logging grass-roots activists wince at man Michel how he would feel about some­ such talk. one burning the Constitution. I did not hear "We don't really appreciate owl-bashing," DESECRATION OF THE U.S. FLAG the minority leader's answer, but the Rood said. "People who wear T-shirts about answer should have been that if the docu­ fried owls and things-well, it's funny but ment being burned is a replica or copy of it's not really what we are about." HON. DOUGLAS APPLEGATE the original, then the burning should be "The owls are not our enemy," Kunzman OF OHIO legal. On the other hand, burning the origi­ said. The opposition, he and others make IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nal should be illegal beyond the point of clear, are preservationists who have crippled Thursday, July 20, 1989 simply destroying public property. The their industry in court. point of this is that there is no replica of "They have their hands around my Mr. APPLEGATE. Mr. Speaker, the Subcom­ the flag for there is no original. One flag, throat," Kunzman said. mittee on Civil and Constitutional Rights is regardless of size, is as valid and as genuine "And my throat," said Conrad, his second­ currently holding hearings on the matter of as any other flag. in-command. desecration of the U.S. flag in an effort to Yes, the flag is, in my estimation, an icon "And the throats of everyone in Sweet learn what type of legislation is necessary in defined by the dictionary as an object of Home," Kunzman added. critical devotion. As such, it should not be order to curtail this activity in the future. destroyed for any reason by iconoclasts. I I have been outspoken on this issue since have heard it said that it is only a piece of A CONGRESSIONAL SALUTE TO the Supreme Court issued their very contro­ cloth or material that only represents what ARCHIE SNOW versial decision and have submitted testimony the Constitution says. It is true that it rep­ to the committee arguing in favor of corrective resents what the Constitution says, but that HON.GLENNM.ANDERSON legislation, whether it is in the form of a con­ it "only" represents that does not do it jus­ stitutional amendment or statutory law. I would tice. We have all pledged, hundreds of OF CALIFORNIA times, our allegiance to the flag and to the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES like to take this opportunity to share my com­ ments with my colleagues and ask that my Republic for which it stands. It does not Thursday, July 20, 1989 say, however, I do not pledge allegiance to testimony be printed in the RECORD. the flag, but only to the Republic for which Mr. ANDERSON. Mr. Speaker, I rise today TESTIMONY OF CONGRESSMAN DOUGLAS APPLE- it stands. Rather, it is placed on an equal to pay tribute to an outstanding individual who GATE BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON CIVIL level with our Republic. As a comparison, if has devoted years of his life to the Redondo AND CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS OF THE COM­ one attempted to overthrow or destroy the Beach community. Archie Snow was honored MITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY Republic, he would be tried for treason and on July 1O, 1989, for his 8 years of service as Mr. Chairman, I want to thank you and if found guilty, would be executed. While I council member representing district 4 in Re- this subcommittee for the opportunity to do not suggest this punishment for those 15704 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 20, 1989 convicted of burning or desecrating the flag, In addition to housing programs, violence Mr. Mandela and the ANC hold the key to I do expect some restitution or punishment committed behind closed doors still gets an successful negotiations between blacks and that fits the crime that I believe it is. inconsistent response from our justice system, whites in South Africa. There is even a larger aspect of this whole issue, too. I maintain that respect for our when it gets any response at all. Our investi­ It is of significance that in a statement re­ flag and our democratic principles and insti­ gations have shown that a great many trial leased about a week ago, in commenting indi­ tution is critical to our remaining a free and court judges do not consider allegations of rectly about the meeting, Mr. Mandela reiterat­ sovereign nation. spouse and child abuse when making child ed his conviction that a South African govern­ Again, Mr. Chairman, thank you for the custody decisions. It is not uncommon for ment dialogue with the mass democratic opportunity to present my views on this judges to grant unsupervised or inadequately movement and in particular with the African most important matter. supervised visitation to a child's abuser or for National Congress is the only way of ending a woman to be battered by her ex-husband violence and bringing peace. AIDING VICTIMS OF DOMESTIC during visitation. Only 1O States, including my In arranging and holding the meeting, there­ VIOLENCE home State of California, and the District of fore, Mr. Botha has implicitly acknowledged Columbia, require that evidence of spouse that both Mr. Mandela and the ANC had sig­ HON. GEORGE MILLER abuse be considered in custody determina­ nificant roles to play in the search for a politi­ tions. In addition, the widespread presumption cal settlement. OF CALIFORNIA of joint custody continues to place women As a result of what has happened, it is clear IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and children in double jeopardy with respect that Mr. Mandala's leadership role has now Thursday, July 20, 1989 to their abusers. In response to inadequate assumed dimensions broader than the ANC, Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Speaker, legal protection, an underground movement and that he is now in the position to unify the today, I join my colleague, CONNIE MORELLA, has developed: Battered women and abused whole black movement in South Africa. This in introducing bipartisan legislation to increase children have defied the courts and gone into leadership role has been widely recognized by housing assistance for battered women and hiding to protect themselves. most groups. Mrs. Helen Suzman, a highly re­ children, and to improve the judicial treatment In response to these problems, H.R. 2952 spected and well known Member of Parlia­ of family violence in divorce and child custody would authorize $600,000 to the State Justice ment in South Africa has made positive and cases. Institute to investigate State judicial decisions favorable statements about Mr. Mandela's ob­ The national tragedy of domestic violence relating to child custody litigation involving do­ vious leadership qualities, his moderation and has been ignored and misunderstood for far mestic violence, and to develop training pro­ his appreciation of the fear of the white Minor­ too long-by government at the Federal level, grams for State judges in order to better edu­ ity. She stated further that "I am convinced State legislatures, and local law enforcement. cate them about domestic violence. that his unconditional release and his pres­ In hearings and investigations by the Select Finally, House Concurrent Resolution 172, ence at the negotiating table is an absolute Committee on Children, Youth, and Families, would establish a sense of Congress that rec­ prerequisite to a peaceful resolution of the which I chair, we have found that domestic vi­ ognizes the adverse affects of spouse abuse South African dilemma." olence is not just a women's problem, but a on children exposed to such violence and Buttressing his stature as a national leader, children's issue and a family issue. In a home concludes that evidence of spouse abuse is the high regard in which he is held by both where domestic violence occurs, it is more should create a statutory presumption that it is the United Democratic Front and the Con­ likely than not that the abusive parent also detrimental to the child to be placed in the gress of South African Trade Unions. batters his children. In addition, children ex­ custody of an abusive parent. It is timely and fitting, therefore to pay a posed to spouse abuse are three times more Mr. Speaker, in the United States, a woman genuine and well deserved tribute to a person likely to abuse their own spouses when they is beaten every 18 seconds, and every day at who has been a beacon of light to the peace marry than are children with nonviolent par­ least four women are killed by their batterers. process in South Africa. ents. The bills we are introducing today will move It is fervently hoped that by his 72d birth­ When I first expressed my concern about this Nation closer toward providing a safer day, Mr. Mandela would have attained not domestic violence a decade ago, one of my haven in our courts and in our land for the vic­ only his freedom but would also be a catalyst colleagues accused me of trying to take the tims of family violence. in the attainment of the meaningful and func­ fun out of marriage. I'm pleased to say since tional integration of all groups in the socio-po­ then, Congress has enacted the Family Vio­ litico economic system of South Africa. lence Prevention and Services Act and other NELSON MANDELA programs to assist victims of battering. And while we in Congress have maintained funding HON. MERVYN M. DYMALLY CYPRUS MARKS SAD for the Family Violence Prevention and Serv­ OF CALIFORNIA ANNIVERSARY ices Act at fiscal year 1988 levels, we have IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES only appropriated one-third of what Congress Thursday, July 20, 1989 HON. WM. S. BROOMFIELD initially requested. OF MICHIGAN The Family Housing Options Program Act of Mr. DYMALL Y. Mr. Speaker, this is the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1989 would reserve 5 percent of the annual week which marks the birthdate of Nelson allotment of section 8 Housing and Urban De­ Mandela who is now 71 years old. Mr. Man­ Thursday, July 20, 1989 velopment certifcates for homeless families dela, while enduring this 27th year of impris­ Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, every July and displaced families affected by family vio­ onment, in serving a life sentence for sabo­ 20, the people of Cyprus mark a tragic anni­ lence. Only 1,200 shelters are available tage, is still regarded internationally as the versary in the long history of that lovely island. across the Nation for the more than 2 million leader of the outlawed African National Con­ On this day 15 years ago, Turkish forces in­ women who are battered each year. The Na­ gress although he now holds no official posi­ vaded the island of Cyprus. The painful legacy tional Coalition Against Domestic Violence re­ tion in that organization. of that military intervention still cruely divides ports that in 1986, only one out of three It is indeed fortuitous that on July 5, 1989, a the island and its people. On this anniversary, women who requested emergency services few days before his birthday, State President we must recommit ourselves, as representa­ for themselves and their children received of South Africa, Mr. P.W. Botha, had a historic tives of the American people, to find a peace­ them. And many shelters have time limits on and epochal meeting with Mr. Mandela which ful solution to the longstanding problems on the number of days abused women and their lasted 45 minutes. This meeting portends well the island. The administration should put the children can receive assistance. The bill we for the future of peace in that racially troubled Cyprus issue on the front burner and solve are introducing today is an important step in nation. At that meeting, both men confirmed that bothersome problem once and for all. addressing the critical housing needs of their support for peaceful development in The 1974 military operation killed thousands women and children who seek to reestablish South Africa. and displaced over 150,000 Cypriots who stability in their lives once they have been There is at least, an implicit assumption, became refugees in their own country. Many helped by domestic violence shelters and that this meeting was held because of the are still missing as the result of that invasion, emergency transitional programs. growing feeling in and out of South Africa, that including a number of Americans who have July 20, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15705 not been seen since that fateful day. There someone burns the flag for expressive pur­ which says " No disrespect should be shown were 60,000 Turkish settlers brought to poses, the conduct is protected by our Consti­ to the flag of the United States * * *" Cyprus, and nearly 30,000 Turkish soldiers still tution's first amendment. Otherwise we are in a position where re­ occupy the northern part of the island. The decision held that the Government's spect or disrespect is part of the law we are Although the United States-Turkish military reason for protecting the flag, to preserve it supposedly changing to be neutral. I also relationship was suspended after the invasion, as a symbol of national unity, is inherently and don't know what the statutory solution would the United States Government again began to necessarily related to expression. Further, the do about 36 United States Code section provide Turkey with arms with the understand­ Court held that the Government's interest in 176(k) that says that the flag may be burned ing that Turkish occupation units would be protecting the flag as a symbol of our national in a dignified way when it is no longer "a fit­ withdrawn from Cyprus. That promise was unity can never be sufficient to overcome an ting emblem for display." clearly not kept. The northern part of Cyprus individual's first amendment interest in burning These are just some of the problems that a remains an armed camp. the flag for communicative purposes. statutory alternative would entail. The Green Line now divides the Cypriot The Court held that a statute could not pass First amendment rights are not absolute people into two separate communities. In past constitutional muster if it assumed that flag and without limitation. The courts have upheld years, tensions have flared along that line re­ burning would in all cases cause a breach of many exceptions to the great sweep of the sulting in the deaths of both Greek-Cypriot the peace. In light of this reasoning, it would first amendment. Tl"'Js, one may not express and Turkish-Cypriot soldiers. In recent months, be difficult to imagine a reason which the oneself in the following way: (1) inciting a riot, however, progress has been made in reducing Court would consider sufficient to justify the (2) criminal solicitation, (3) libel, (4) slander, incidents along the Green Line. abrogation of first amendment rights, short of (5) child pornography, and (6) perjury. The U.N. successfully negotiated a disen­ a very narrowly drawn countervailing constitu­ To name just a few off the top of my head. gagement between the Greek-Cypriots and tional amendment. To add by amendment, what has been the Turkish-Cypriots who man positions al.ong The argument that a "content-neutral" stat­ made necessary, only because of one vote on that line, and a number of observation posts ute would be sufficient has already been an­ the Supreme Court, will not gut the first were closed. I believe that this small step for­ swered in the Supreme Court case of Spence amendment. If I thought otherwise, I would ward clearly shows that the two parties in versus Washington. vigorously oppose it. conflict can work together to solve the Cyprus In Spence the neutral statute before it: dispute. CDidl not depend upon whether the flag is The ongoing intercommunal talks are also used for communicative or non-communica­ LEGISLATION TO PROTECT encouraging. Mr. Denktash and President Vas­ tive purposes; upon whether a particular AMERICAN INVENTIONS IN message is deemed commercial or political; OUTER SPACE siliou recently met at the United Nations and upon whether the use of the flag is respect­ are now drafting a finalized outline for future ful or contemptuous; upon whether any par­ negotiations. While the talks are moving for­ ticular segment of the State's citizenry HON. ROBERT W. KASTENMEIER ward slowly, there is hope that both men will might applaud or oppose the intended mes­ OF WISCONSIN be able to resolve the problems which divide sage. [Spence, 418 U.S. at 422-23 IN GENERAL.-Subject to subsections Indian Arts in Santa Fe, New Mexico today Third, this bill aims to regulate prior art and (b), (c), and of this section, the amend­ named Kathryn Harris Tijerina the school's thus would provide needed conformity in law. ments made by section 2 shall apply to all first full-time president since IAIA's inde· Finally, this bill assures those concerned United States patents granted before, on, or pendence from the Bureau of Indian Af­ with national or international security that in­ after the date of the enactment of this Act, fairs. Her appointment is effective August 1. ventions in outer space are controlled by the and to all applications for United States In am10uncing Tijerina's selection, Alfred Invention Secrecy Act. patents pending on or filled on or after such Qoyawayma, Chairman of IAIA's Search This bill would not apply to cases pending date of enactment. Committee and Vice Chairman of the (b) AMENDMENTS NOT To AFFECT PRIOR DE­ Board, said the Board was particularly im­ in court on the date of enactment. Further­ CISIONS.-The amendments made by section pressed with Ms. Tijerina's educational cre­ more, it would not apply to vehicles that are 2 shall not affect any final decision made by dentials, her management of programs pro­ launched before the effective date of the bill. a court or the Patent and Trademark Office moting Indian educational opportunities If, however, an existing patent covers a prod­ before the date of the enactment of this Act and her involvement with Indian issues at uct launched after the effective date, use of with respect to a patent or an application both the state and national level. the product aboard a U.S. vehicle without con­ for a patent, if no appeal from such decision "But perhaps most important of all," he sent could constitute an act of infringement. is pending and the time for filling an appeal said, "is that Ms. Tijerina shares the vision A slightly different version of this legislation has expired. that first made IAIA an innovative, exciting has been introduced before and was passed (C) AMENDMENTS NOT To AFFECT CERTAIN place to be-a vision that will transform it PENDING CASEs.-The amendments made by by the House during the 99th and 1OOth Con­ into a major and nationally recognized section 2 shall not affect the right of any center serving the educational needs of all gresses. Changes in the bill I have introduced party in any case pending in a court on the American Indians and Native Alaskans." today have been suggested by the administra­ date of the enactment of this Act to have Qoyawayma pointed out that IAIA is the tion, taking into consideration treaty obliga­ the party's rights determined on the basis only major educational institution in the tions, and the views of the European Space of the substantive law in effect before such nation devoted solely to the study and prac­ Agency. Now, the Senate is considering legis­ date of enactment. tice of the artistic and cultural traditions of lation under the leadership of Senator DECON­ (d) AMENDMENTS To BE PROSPECTIVE IN AP­ all Native American peoples. CINI. I am confident that, with your support, PLICATION.-The amendments made by sec­ Ms. Tijerina comes to IAIA from New this important legislation will be enacted into tion 2 shall not apply to any process, ma­ Mexico State University in Las Cruces chine, article of manufacture, or composi­ where she was Director of Indian Resource law this year. tion of matter, an embodiment of which was I look forward to working together with re­ Development, a statewide program. She also launched before the date of the enactment has served as Deputy Secretary of the Natu­ spected colleagues on the House Committee of this act. ral Resources Department of the State of on Science Space and Techology, particularly New Mexico and was Indian Affairs Special­ Chairman ROE, Congressman NELSON, and ist for the U.S. Department of Energy. Congressman WALKER. INSTITUTE OF AMERICAN Ms. Tijerina, an enrolled member of the I urge support of this bill and invite my col­ INDIAN ARTS NAMES NEW Comanche nation, has a law degree from leagues to join me in cosponsoring this bill. PRESIDENT Stanford University School of Law and H.R.- graduated Magna Cum Laude from Har­ Be it enacted by the Senate and House of vard. She was born and raised in Comanche HON. BILL RICHARDSON country in Oklahoma and her parents, Fred Representatives of the United States of OF NEW MEXICO America in Congress assembled, R. Harris and La Donna Harris, have both IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES been active in efforts to promote Native SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. Thursday, July 20, 1989 American development. This Act may be cited as the "Patents in "I'm delighted to be joining the Institute Space Act". Mr. RICHARDSON. Mr. Speaker, last week of American Indian Arts," said Tijerina. SEC. 2. SPACE INVENTIONS. the House approved the Department of the In­ "During this time of transition we have a (a) AMENDMENTS TO TITLE 35, UNITED terior and related agencies appropriations bill unique challenge and exciting responsibil­ STATES CODE.-Chapter 10 of title 35, United for fiscal year 1990. This legislation included ity. States Code, is amended by adding at the "Working together with the faculty and end the following: an appropriation of $4,650,000 for the Institute of American Indian and Alaska Native Culture staff we at IAIA have the opportunity not "§ 105. Inventions in outer space only to preserve and promote Indian arts and Arts Development [IAIA] in Santa Fe, NM. "(a) Any invention made, used, or sold in but to create a setting where brilliant new outer space on a space object or component I would like to commend and thank the Sub­ works of Indian art can be fostered." thereof under the jurisdiction or control of committee on Interior Appropriations and Tijerina noted that the U.S. is now recog­ the United States shall be considered to be Chairman SYDNEY YATES for recognizing the nized worldwide for the quality of American made, used, or sold within the United States very significant role the Institute plays. These Indian arts and that American Indians have for the purposes of this title, except with re­ funds will allow the Institute to expand its made substantial contributions to American spect to any space object or component many worthy programs and fulfill its important culture. "It's more important than ever that thereof that is specifically identified and mission. IAIA is dedicated to insuring that American otherwise provided for by an international Mr. Speaker, I would also like to note the Indians are also recognized as a dynamic agreement to which the United States is a part of world culture in the future." party, or with respect to any space object or appointment of Kathryn Harris Tijerina to the The Institute of American Indian Arts is a component thereof that is carried on the presidency of the Institute. Ms. Tijerina will be federally chartered non-profit educational registry of a foreign state in accordance the lnstitute's first full-time president since the institution. It was founded as a Bureau of with the Convention on Registration of Ob­ IAIA became independent from the Bureau of Indian Affairs program in 1962 and in June, jects Launched into Outer Space. Indian Affairs. Ms. Tijerina is intelligent and 1988 it became a private institution gov­ "(b) Any invention made, used, or sold in eminently qualified-I cannot think of a better erned by an independent Board of Trustees. outer space on a space object or component choice for this position. Long active in Indian IAIA is fully accredited to offer the Asso­ thereof that is carried on the registry of a advocacy, Ms. Tijerina will bring her impres­ ciate Degree by the North Central Associa­ foreign state in accordance with the Con­ tion of Colleges and Schools and by the Na­ vention on Registration of Objects sive skills and background to the IAIA at this tional Association of Schools of Art and Launched into Outer Space, shall be consid­ crucial period. Design. ered to be made, used, or sold within the I would like to take this opportunity to wish Plans are under way for expanding the United States for the purposes of this title the Institute, its board and new president, a curriculum to a four-year program, for orga- July 20, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15707 nizing a center for cultural exchange and re­ denied insurance protection on the basis of in­ took its first faltering steps into space, a site search and for moving into new facilities. adequate fire protection, and countywide, the of true importance is being allowed to decay. citizens of Henderson County have saved I understand that time moves on, and that TRIBUTE TO KIM LAZOR more than $750,000 per year in insurance pre­ the Nation's space agency must have the miums. flexibility to carry out its mission of extending HON. JAMES A. TRAFICANT, JR. The accomplishment of the Henderson man's presence in the universe. Florida is now County Fire Department is a credit to the reportedly considering use of the old Atlas OF OHIO entire community, and an example for firefight­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pads, including GLENN'S pad 14, for commer­ ing units nationwide. I am proud to represent cial use; and the pads used by Apollo to Thursday, July 20, 1989 them, and proud to ask my colleagues to join reach the moon now launch space shuttles. me in recognizing their great achievement and Mr. TRAFICANT. Mr. Speaker, I rise today But those resources that will never be used service. to pay tribute to Kim Lazor, an outstanding again, the Air Force Space Museum, the old high school athlete from my 17th Congres­ Mercury Control Center, the Apollo-Saturn sional District of Ohio, on her tremendous PRESERVING AMERICA'S SPACE Umbilical Launch Tower, these things should achievements in the sport of basketball. HERITAGE: THE AMERICA IN be preserved for future generations to learn of Kim was recently 1 of 1O girls in the State SPACE NATIONAL HISTORICAL the space program's early days. Where they of Ohio selected to be a member of the Ohio PARK can't be saved, they should be documented team in the third annual Ohio-Michigan Girls and recorded so that we have a lasting history All-Star Basketball Classic. Kim lead the Ohio of our national space program. team to victories in both games of the classic HON. JOEL HEFLEY and was the leading scorer with 20 points OF COLORADO I'm from Colorado, and most of the man-in­ during the game in Toledo, OH. Kim is also a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES space resources we have are in the private member of the Ohio Junior Olympic basketball Thursday, July 20, 1989 sector. Yet, as a person with an interest in history, I'm concerned that we're losing our team presently competing in the National Mr. HEFLEY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to in­ Junior Olympic basketball competition being record of these achievements. As a person troduce legislation aimed at establishing an with an interest in the Space Program, I worry held in West Virginia this month. America in Space National Historical Park at that we're losing a golden opportunity to get Kim played for the Howland High School Cape Canaveral, FL; and at preserving other the public excited about the civilian space basketball team this past year leading the landmarks connected with the U.S. man-in­ effort. Tigers to a 23 and 2 season and advancing space effort. them all the way to the regional finals. This My interest in this subject dates back to my The Soviets understand this. There, the past 1988-89 season Kim was named the first term in Congress when I was privileged to home of Yuri Gagarin, the first man in space, MVP of the North versus South Ohio Girls All­ serve as a member of the Space Science and is preserved as a shrine. The pad that Star game. For the past 3 years, Kim has Applications Subcommittee. launched Gagarin and Sputnik I is preserved been named All-Ohio in the sport of basket­ At one point in my first term, we subcommit­ and used only for special events. At Cape Ca­ ball and was named player and athlete of the tee members traveled to Florida to take a look naveral, Hangar S, where the first astronauts year in Trumbull County, OH. Kim is planning at the national space center. We saw the dressed for their flights, has been turned back to attend Pennsylvania State University on a shuttle pads and the vertical assembly build­ into a hangar. And, as I said, John Glenn's full basketball scholarship this fall. ing and the great Titan IV pads in the middle pad 14 is gone, as is the Gemini Programs' Mr. Speaker, Kim Lazor is a talented young of the Banana River. pad 19, as is pad 34, where the three Apollo I athlete whose achievements will continue in We also passed the remains of what had astronauts died, and as is pad 12, from which the many years to come. It is truly an honor to once been the eastern test range, gantry row, we launched some of our first successful lunar represent such a fine individual. I would like to the test site for America's early ICBM's and and planetary probes. congratulate Kim on her many past achieve­ our first manned orbital space flights. At one ments and wish her the best in the future. My feelings echo those of NASA's advisory point, our guide pointed out that we were council. Meeting last November, the advisory passing pad 14, when now-Senator JOHN council urged the space agency to consider HENDERSON COUNTY, TN, FIRE GLENN was launched into space in 1962. adding two professionally trained historians to DEPARTMENT CITED There was a plaque there noting Senator its staff, as well as funding the history sec­ GLENN'S launch but the launch tower was tions from research and development money. gone, a victim to sea salt and rust. Mostly, HON. DON SUNDQUIST "Organizations are understandably con­ there was beach grass. OF TENNESSEE cerned with the conduct of their primary mis­ Down the coast a bit is a place called the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sions and the making of history, rather than in Air Force Space Museum. Visitors can see it Thursday, July 20, 1989 on the Red Tour and it's manned by retired understanding the past," the council wrote. Mr. SUNDQUIST. Mr. Speaker, I rise to ask Air Force noncoms but there's little to indicate "However, in the absence of a history re­ my colleagues to extend the congratulations that this site is one of the most significant in search program, the mistakes of the past are of the House to the Henderson County, TN, American history. less likely to be understood and more likely Fire Department, on its receipt of a class 7 From one end of the space museum tract, a repeated." rating from the Insurance Services Office. Jupiter-C rocket launched America's first sat­ Mr. Speaker, NASA has given this Nation That places Henderson County in very ellite, Explorer I, into orbit. From a pad at the some of its proudest moments. It will, no select company. It is one of only two country­ other end, Alan Shepard became America's doubt, supply more of those moments in the wide fire departments in the Nation to qualify first man in space in 1961. From spots be­ future. I believe the aims of my bill will pre­ for the class 7 ranking, and is Tennessee's tween these two pads, America tried some of serve the resources by which future genera­ first countywide department to earn it. its first moon probes in the late 1950's and tions-some perhaps living in space-can un­ Those who have been involved in support­ early 1960's. derstand where we began our explorations. ing the work of our fire departments know that Despite this historic significance, the Air And I hope to work with the space agency the ISO rates fire departments nationwide on Force Space Museum is in sad shape today. and the other affected parties to draft a com­ a system based on equipment, manpower, The gantry Al Shepard saw on May 5, 1961, is promise through which we can not only pre­ training, communications, water supply, and long gone while that that shielded Explorer I is serve a record of our past accomplishments, geographic location of firefighting facilities rel­ fenced off, a rusted-out safety hazard. but which will allow us to achieve new ones in ative to the community's population. Last year, we applauded the private sector the future. Henderson County's Fire Department re­ efforts that restored Union Station. We called On this, the 20th anniversary of man's first ceived its upgraded class 7 status after an ag­ it a triumph for historic preservation. Yet little landing on the lunar surface, I would urge my of real historic significance occurred at that gressive program of improvement. As a result, colleagues to support and cosponsor my bill. no citizen of Henderson County has been railroad station. In Florida, where this country

29-059 0-90-32 (Pt. 11) 15708 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 20, 1989 H.R.- (b) DONATIONS.-Notwithstanding any landmarks listed below. Documentation of Be it enacted by the Senate and House of other provision of law, the Secretary may these sites and objects shall comprise de­ Representatives of the United States of accept and retain donations of funds, prop­ tailed drawings, measurements, and photo­ America in Congress assembled, erty, or services from individuals, founda­ graphs through the Historic American SECTION 1. ESTABLISHMENT. tions, corporations, or public entities for the Buildings Survey and the Historic American IN GENERAL.-In order to commemo­ purpose of providing services and facilities Engineering Record. This documentation rate the internationally historic event of which he deems consistent with the pur­ shall be conducted in cooperation with the the first manned landing on the moon and poses of this Act. chief administrative officer of the control­ the events leading to that accomplishment, SEC. 4. DETACHED SITES. ling agency and shall be completed one year and to recognize the overall historic at­ (a) ESTABLISHMENT OF DETACHED SITES.-In after enactment of this Act. At the conclu­ tributes of America's space program for the order to further the protection of additional sion of this survey, the chief administrative benefit, education, and inspiration of sites and objects as detached units of the officer of the controlling agency shall retain present and future generations of Ameri­ park that are of seminal importance in the control over the maintenance, preservation, cans, the Secretary of the Interior Variable density tunnel. inafter in this Act referred to as the "histor­ risdiction over the sites and objects compris­ Full-scale tunnel. ical park"), the core components of which ing the following national historic land­ Eight-foot high-speed tunnel. shall be located in the State of Florida. marks located at the installations indicated: (D) Unitary plan wind tunnel. AREA INCLUDED.-The historical park (1) Marshall Space Flight Center, Hunts­ Lunar landing research facility. shall consist of the land and improvements ville, Alabama: Redstone tests stand. Rendezvous docking simulator. comprising launch complexes 26, 5 and 6, (2) Alabama Space and Rocket Center, (2) Lewis Research Center, Cleveland (also known as the Air Force Space Huntsville, Alabama: Saturn V space vehi­ Ohio: ' cle. Museum), the Mercury Mission Control Rocket engine test facility. Center, and the Apollo-Saturn launch um­ (3) White Sands Missile Range, Alamo­ gordo, New Mexico; Launch complex 33. Zero gravity research facility. bilical tower, located at the Cape Canaveral Spacecraft propulsion research facili­ Air Force Station and the John F. Kennedy (4) Vandenberg Air Force Base, California: ty. Space Center, as generally depicted on the Space launch complex 10. (5) Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, <3> Marshall Space Flight Center, Hunts- map titled "Boundary Map, America in ville, Alabama: Space National Historical Park," numbered Florida: Launch complex 14. --, and dated --. The map shall be on file <6 > Edward Air Force Base, California: Propulsion and structural test facility. and available for public inspection in the of­ Rogers dry lake. Saturn V dynamic test facility. fices of the National Park Service, Depart­ (b) TRANSFER OF DETACHED SITES.-The Neutral buoyancy space simulator. ment of the Interior. The national historic above mentioned national historical land­ <4> The John C. Stennis National Space landmarks and registered historic districts marks and national register districts may be Technology Laboratories, Mississippi: listed under section 4(a) and 5(a) shall, transferred to the administrative jurisdic­ Rocket propulsion test complex. when they are declared excess to the needs tion of the Secretary when declared excess Fl~~id;ape Canaveral Air Force Station, of the administering agency, be transferred to the needs of their administering agencies. to the administrative jurisdiction of the Sec­ The National Aeronautics and Space Ad­ Launch complex 13. retary of the Interior and be included as ministration, Smithsonian Institution and (B) Launch complex 19. part of the historical park. Department of Defense are directed to Launch complex 34. SEC. 2. ADMINISTRATION. make every effort to protect and preserve (6) John F. Kennedy Space Center, Flori­ TRANSFERS.-Effective upon the date of the historic integrity of these affiliated sites da: Launch complex 39. enactment of this Act, the lands and im­ and to inform the Secretary and the Adviso­ (7) Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, provements depicted on the map referred to ry Council on Historic Preservation, in a Houston, Texas: in section l Space environment simulator labora­ reimbursement to the administrative juris­ pacting upon the historic integrity of these tory. diction of the Secretary for the purposes of resources. Apollo mission control center. the Act. The Secretary shall administer the (C) INTERPRETATION AND TECHNICAL SUP­ (8) Goddard Space Flight Center, Green­ historical park in accordance with the Act PORT.-Pursuant to cooperative agreements, belt, Maryland: Spacecraft magnetic test fa­ of August 25, 1916 <16 U.S.C. 1, et seq.), and the Secretary shall provide technical assist­ cility. the Act of August 21 1935 <16 U.S.C. 461- ance and advice to other Federal agencies (9) Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, 467). with respect to the preservation and inter­ California: (b) APOLLO LAUNCH UMBILICAL TOWER.­ pretation of the sites and objects comprising Twenty-five-foot space simulator. The Secretary is directed to work with the the national historic landmarks listed in Space flight operations facility. Administrator of the National Aeronautics subsection 4(a). In addition, the Secretary <9> Goldstone Deep Space Communica­ and Space Administration to complete a shall, in cooperation with the agencies tions Complex, California: Pioneer deep plan providing for the erection of the having jurisdiction thereover ( 1) coordinate space station. Apollo-Saturn launch umbilical tower, pre­ the interpretation of such sites and objects (b) TRANSFER TO SMITHSONIAN.-lt is the ferrably at a location within the boundaries among all agencies, consistent with the intention of the Congress that the sites and of the Kennedy Space Center. The plan operational needs of such agencies; (2) pro­ objects referred to in subsections 4 and shall present options for funding and full vide for the documentation of such sites and 5 be preserved in their historic locations. restoration of the launch umbilical tower objects by detailed drawings, measurements, If the Secretary determines that such pres­ with the preservation and restoration of as and photographs through the Historic ervation is rendered impossible by oper­ much historic fabric as possible. This plan American Buildings Survey and the Historic ational needs, he shall recommend to the shall be delivered to Congress 1 year after American Engineering Record, such study operating agency that such resources be the enactment of Act. to be completed no later than 3 years after transferred for appropriate curation to the (C) MAINTENANCE OF UMBILICAL TOWER.­ the date of enactment of this Act; and (3) Smithsonian Institution, or other such insti­ The Administrator of the National Aeronau­ develop and recommend to such agencies a tutions as may be deemed appropriate. tics and Space Administration shall see that clear set of procedures for the documenta­ (C) FuTURE DESIGNATIONS.-Presently the Apollo-Saturn launch umbilical tower is tion and preservation of such sites and ob­ active sites, which may be declared excess to adequately preserved and protected pending jects if operational requirements dictate the needs of their administering agencies in completion of the above mentioned study. they be returned to active use. the future, and deemed nationally signifi­ SEC. 3. ACQUISITION OF PROPERTIES. SEC. 5. OTHER LANDMARKS cant to the Man in Space theme, should, TRANSFERs.-Any Federal property lo­ (a) EXISTING LANDMARKS.-Recognizing with the concurrence and in cooperation cated within the boundaries of the histori­ the operational needs of the supervising with the controlling agencies, be document­ cal park and under the administrative juris­ agencies, the Secretary is authorized to ed and studied for preservation and inter­ diction of the Secretary of Defense shall, enter into cooperative agreements with the pretation by the Secretary, according to the with the concurrence of the Secretary of heads of the Federal agencies having juris­ guidelines established in previous sections Defense, be transferred (without consider­ diction over the sites and objects comprising of this Act. ation) to the administrative jurisidction of the following national historic landmarks SEC. 6. NATIONAL PARK SERVICE SURVEY. the Secretary for purposes of the historical located at the installations indicated, to SITE NoMINATION.-The Secretary park, upon enactment of this Act. compile a lasting documentary record of the shall encourage the States to nominate to July 20, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15709 the National Register of Historic Places [From the Buenos Aires Herald, May 28, American Society of Hospital Pharmacists at sites and objects associated with the United 1989] the ASHP's 46th annual meeting in Nashville States Man in Space Program which may be BUILDING BRIDGES in June of this year. in private or other non-Federal ownership. In the next couple of days the current Tom comes to the ASHP presidency well Authorities of the Secretary under the Na­ U.S. ambassador to Argentina will be re­ tional Historic Preservation Act shall be qualified to lead his colleagues in hospital turning home after completing his tour of pharmacology. He received undergraduate available to provide assistance in preserving duty in this country, an event about which and interpreting such resources. much has been said in the press. What is and graduate degrees from the University of (b) STUDY OF ALTERNATIVES.-The Secre­ not so easily understood about the time Wisconsin where he is now clinical professor tary shall expand the National Park Service Theodore Gildred spent as chief of the U.S. in the school of pharmacy. He also serves on 1984 survey of resources connected with the mission in this country is just how complex the pharmacy staff at the university hospital Man in Space effort to include resources a posting it was when he first took it on and clinics, and has experience including which may be held by nongovernmental en­ and, perhaps more importantly, how much tities. As much as possible, the expanded management of inpatient, outpatient, managed has been achieved since that happened. care, nursing home, and home intravenous survey shall take into account existing Much of the credit must be given to Ambas­ guidelines for privately held historic land­ sador Gildred himself, who, with a diplo­ therapies. marks and sites, as established by the Na­ matic skill belying his inexperience in the Tom's commitment to pharmaceutical edu­ tional Trust for Historic Preservation. field, both ably and actively participated in cation and excellence is highlighted by the SEC. 2. FUNDING. all manner of events around the country, more than 100 pharmacy students he has There are hereby authorized to be appro­ making him arguably the best-known U.S. trained in residency programs over the past priated such sums as may be necessary to ambassador ever to serve in Buenos Aires two decades. He coordinates extensive under­ carry out the purposes of this Act. who, unlike some of whose predecessors, de­ graduate and graduate teaching and research parts as an immensely popular man in this country. programs. He is also a past president of the TRIBUTE TO AMBASSADOR In the aftermath of the tragic Malvinas Wisconsin Society of Hospital Pharmacists THEODORE GILDRED War and following the repeated clashes be­ and a recipient of the Hospital Pharmacist of tween the last military government and the the Year Award. HON. BILL LOWERY U.S. administration, bilateral relations hit On behalf of my colleagues, I want to con­ OF CALIFORNIA an all-time low, an unfortunate situation gratulate Tom on his new responsibility. which was further compounded by a whole IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES range of matters such as the extremist anti­ Thursday, July 20, 1989 Americanism found within some local politi­ INTRODUCTION OF THE OFF­ cal circles, the foreign debt crisis and a SHORE FLORIDA KEYS ENVI­ Mr. LOWERY of California. Mr. Speaker, I sometimes less than clear support for the ask that the following editorial from the RONMENTAL PROTECTION ACT democratic regimes of the world coming out OF 1989 Buenos Aires Herald be entered in the CON­ of Washington. With the return of democra­ GRESSIONAL RECORD. The article from the cy to Argentina a whole new range of oppor­ major Argentine newspaper pays tribute to the tunities opened up, a situation which cre­ HON.ANDY IRELAND former U.S. Ambassador to Argentina, Theo­ ated an enormous amount of uncertainty in OF FLORIDA dore Gildred. both countries about the future. Common IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES It is with great pleasure that I call my col­ ground was rapidly established and both leagues' attention to the exemplary and out­ countries were able to iron out most existing Thursday, July 20, 1989 differences and, in hindsight, it must be said Mr. IRELAND. Mr. Speaker, today along standing performance of our retiring Ambassa­ that the current relationship with the dor to Argentina, Theodore Gildred. Ambassa­ United States has rarely been so good. with my colleagues from Florida, I am intro­ dor Gildred is returning to his home in San It is always hard to define just how much ducing legislation to provide a permanent ban Diego to tend to his business and for a well­ of a good understanding between govern­ against offshore oil leasing and drilling off deserved rest after 3 years of active and ef­ ments is a result of correct policies being Florida's southernmost coasts. Specifically, fective service in Buenos Aires. carried out and how much flows from the the offshore area included is the Outer Conti­ United States relations with Argentina, pre­ rapport established between those repre­ nental Shelf south of 26 degrees north lati­ viously unstable at best, hit a record low in senting each side. Nevertheless, there can be tude. This encompasses the southwest Florida the period following the Malvinas-Falkland little doubt that both Argentina and Wash­ shelf-south of Naples-in the eastern Gulf of ington have taken substantial steps towards Islands-war. It was Ambassador Gildred who dovetailing their policies towards one an­ Mexico, the straits of Florida-up to about the ably promoted United States interests in the other, a course of action which, it is hoped, Dade County line on the Atlantic side-the uncertain period following the return of de­ will continue, despite the respective recent Florida Keys and Dry Tortugas. The legislation mocracy to Argentina. It is beyond doubt that changes of government. Enormous difficul­ also directs the Secretary of the Interior to the rapid establishment of a strong bilateral ties still exist, mainly the unresolved prob­ issue guidelines in relation to buying back any rapport and the mitigation of our differences lem of the foreign debt, and in days to come existing leases in these areas. with Argentina were greatly facilitated by the representatives of both countries will have I want my colleagues in the House to note diplomatic skill of Ambassador Gildred. United to thrash out mutually acceptable, meaning­ that this ban identifies a very defined area off ful solutions to these outstanding problems. States relations with Argentina have rarely It is to be hoped that when doing so, they of Florida's coast to be excluded from the been so good. will find that the good work carried out by OCS Oil and Gas Program. It does not ex­ Despite the many difficult problems con­ Gildred will serve as a solid basis for the clude the entire, potentially available, area fronting the United States and Argentina, Am­ building of a new era in U.S.-Argentine rela­ around the State of Florida. In fact, there are bassador Gildred departs as an immensely tions. It would be the best tribute possible many more tracts left open than closed. Cur­ popular man in that country. His contribution to one man's contribution to the better un­ rently, gas exploration is underway in Florida's to the improvement of bilateral relations is derstanding between the peoples of both panhandle without controversy. greatly appreciated and his presence there countries. I make this point to demonstrate that Flori­ will be sorely missed. da is willing to do its share and make a contri­ President Bush recognizes Ambassador RECOGNITION OF THOMAS S. bution to the Nation's energy supply. At the Gildred's abilities and has asked him to con­ THIELKE same time, Florida's fishing and tourism indus­ sider another diplomatic assignment in the tries are the lifeblood of many of our resi­ future. In response, Ted Gildred stated his HON. ROBERT W. KASTENMEIER dents-not only in an economic sense, but in willingness to serve his country again. OF WISCONSIN terms of our unique culture and heritage. In the meantime, I and all of his friends in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES There is no reason to threaten these existing San Diego are proud of his accomplishments industries for the sake of another. and happy to have him home. We thank him Thursday, July 20, 1989 To date, we have no evidence that oil for his work as Ambassador to Argentina and Mr. KASTENMEIER. Mr. Speaker, I rise to washing up in the coral reefs of the Keys or hope he will consider returning to diplomatic recognize Thomas S. Thielke, of Madison, WI, into the mangroves could be cleaned up. We service. on his recent installation as president of the have no evidence that those ecosystems de- 15710 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 20, 1989 stroyed under such a scenario would ever re­ the State where the Governor and the people nance issued a report suggesting that if cover. Consequently, no one can give assur­ of the State of Florida demonstrated their total such features were included in a new debt­ ances to those who depend on our natural re­ opposition to the oil and gas exploration and management strategy, new loans might sources for economic and recreational benefit, drilling proposals affecting the southwest Flori­ again flow to the Third World. However, the commercial banks have continued to that a disaster would not occur thus destroy­ da shelf and the Keys. resist participation; they appear to be hold­ ing not only totally unique environmental re­ These actions, to protect Florida's most ing out until the debt crisis becomes so seri­ sources, but individual livelihoods as well. We sensitive environmental areas, have occurred ous that Western governments, the World do not intend to wait for Florida's luck to run over the last 6 years. While successful, they Bank and the IMF are willing to offer them out the way it did in Alaska. Florida's exten­ are piecemeal. more guarantees and incentives than are sive seafood industry, as well as its economi­ It is apparent to me: that the scientific evi­ currently available. cally important recreational fishing and tourism dence that these areas could be safely drilled As it stands, the Brady Plan would reduce businesses need not be sacrificed to an inept will never exist; that oil company assurances the $350 billion debt owed to commercial that they are capable of cleaning up gooey banks by 20 percent, and lower debt-service oil industry. costs by a like percentage over three years. If anything, given the events of this spring globs of oil are hollow; there is not enough oil This would be achieved under the guidance and early summer in Alaska, Delaware, Texas, in the area to risk the damage; and that the of the IMF and World Bank, which have and Rhode Island, we know that there is no people of Florida don't want it. committed $25 billion, while Japan has way to effectively and efficiently clean up an We need a permanent solution to this prob­ pledged an additional $4.5 billion. These oil spill. Supporters of offshore drilling argue lem. That is what we are proposing today. monies are to finance and guarantee ar­ that it is safer than the tanker traffic which al­ rangements between commercial banks and those debtor nations that cancel a portion ready traverses Florida's waters. THE BRADY PLAN: AN OLD Offshore oil would merely increase the of the debt and/or reduce interest rates. RECIPE RE-BAKED The Brady Plan proposes two methods to tanker traffic around our State. Florida has no reduce debt. The first includes such market­ pipelines or refineries. Oil discovered off shore HON. BRUCE A MORRISON based techniques as debt-for-equity swaps­ would have to be loaded on tankers on site much debated in Latin America-which do and shipped either to Florida ports where it OF CONNECTICUT not reduce debt so much as exchange one would have to be reshipped or sent directly to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES form of debt for another, with potentially refineries in other States along the Gulf of Thursday, July 20, 1989 greater long-term costs. Secondly, the plan advocates a controversial proposal to have Mexico-all via tanker. Mr. MORRISON of Connecticut. Mr. Speak­ Other arguments that the United States is commercial banks discount their loans and er, I would like to share with my colleagues an exchange them for new long-term bonds too dependent, and becoming more so, on article that appeared in the May-June 1989 foreign oil, are true. But indiscriminately drilling from debtor nations, with repayment guar­ issue of the Washington Office on Latin Amer­ anteed by the World Bank. Despite opposi­ holes in environmentally sensitive areas in ica's [WOLA] Update entitled "The Brady tion from European finance ministers to hopes of finding 1 to 5 days supply of oil will Plan: An Old Recipe Re-Baked." This article these guarantees and World Bank-subsi­ not solve that problem. I am willing to work was written by W. Frick Curry, senior associ­ dized interest-rate cuts, a joint IMF-World with my colleagues in the House to develop a ate at WOLA. Mr. Speaker, I believe that my Bank leadership committee pledged to sup­ national energy policy to include research into port the Brady Plan. On April 11 the IMF colleagues will find this article of interest in announced a $4 billion loan agreement with alternative fuels and to promote conservation. light of the continuing debate on the Brady I am not willing to sacrifice the natural won­ Mexico, including the first-ever contribution plan. I also want to express my appreciation to lowering a country's debt. gasoline prices instigated aus­ halted further leasing until a task force which tion of commercial banks, their participa­ terity program. he established could review the situation and tion is strictly voluntary. "Adjustment" or austerity programs such make its report, scheduled for January 1990. Interestingly, the major features of the as that in Venezuela were a prominent fea­ Brady Plan-voluntary participation, repay­ ture of the older Baker Plan. New loans The Florida delegation met with the task force ment guarantees and conditionally-were were offered to debtor nations that prom­ and expressed its unanimous objections to the first proposed in January by a research in­ ised to end government subsidies and other offshore oil and gas program in the Gulf of stitute representing the large commercial populist policies that restrain free markets, Mexico south of Naples. It has also held banks holding Third World debt. The Wash­ trade and economic efficiency. Under the public hearings in several locations throughout ington-based Institute of International Fi- Baker Plan, the IMF and the World Bank July 20, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15711 served as arbiters to determine if debtor pendence, supported the need for a public meet us or an interpreter to travel with us. countries met the conditions necessary to education system. The right to a public edu­ We've had to learn the hard way during our receive new loans. Although these multilat­ cation is necessary if a democracy is to sur­ last three visits to China. No where in the eral institutions have provided new monies vive. Andrew Jackson worked to broaden world does the language barrier affect effi­ through devices such as "structural adjust­ economic opportunities for the common cient travel as on the mainland of China. ment loans," new commercial bank lending, man and to increase their participation in During our May 9th visit to Henan Uni­ especially to Latin America, has largely government. Abraham Lincoln had some versity in Kaifeng, we had met with ital flight, low commodity prices and contin­ faced its greatest crisis: the question of slav­ Professor Shirley Wood-an American who ued high world interest rates (for which the ery. Lincoln's decision to fight for a united had been living in China for 43 years. Pro­ world's biggest debtor, the United States, country not only saved our nation but was fessor Wood said if we go to Beijing we bears considerable responsibility), has the beginning victory for equal rights. His should register with the Vice Consul of the meant declining investment in much of decision not to punish the South was also American Embassy. Shirley was somehow Latin America at the same time as a.usterity important in bringing our nation together very aware of the grave political turmoil be­ programs have contributed to plummeting after the war. tween the moderates and the hardliners. living standards. Presidents since the Civil War have made Little did we realize that the political strife It is unclear why the conditionalities im­ many important decisions that affect our she described would flare up in the massa­ posed on debtor nations under the Brady lives today. Theodore Roosevelt was a cre at Tiananmen during our five day visit Plan will be more successful than those of leader in the breaking up of monopolies in to Beijing. its discredited predecessor. The conditionali­ business. Many of the national parks we Meanwhile, we instructed our interpreter ties imposed by the Baker Plan hampered visit today exist due to his foresight in rec­ to take us to the Diplomatic Compound so the ability of Latin American nations to ad­ ognizing the need to protect our national we could register with the Vice Counsul. dress the social and political inequalities treasures. Franklin Roosevelt helped pull Usually the Embassy registers only long that underly their declining economies. The the United States out of the Great Depres­ term visitors; but we mentioned Professor Brady Plan offers no new help for resolving sion and worked for the passage of signifi­ Wood's concern as we filled out the appro­ them. Unless these fundamental problems cant labor laws. President Roosevelt also priate registration papers. are addressed, the modicum of debt relief provided leadership for the United States I also thought we should visit the Cultural promised by the Brady Plan-if it gets off through World War II. Dwight Eisenhower Affairs Section of the American Embassy the ground-will do little to end the contin­ began the interstate highway system, which near the Ambassador's residence. I was ued resource transfers from debtor nations is the basis of travel in this country today. planning to bring a distinguished American and the suffering of their most vulnerable John Kennedy called for increased Federal to China in 1990 as part of the Hugh Scott citizens. aid for education and improved civil rights. Lecturers in China. Actually, Richard President Kennedy also challenged Ameri­ Stites, acting Cultural Affairs officer, was cans to work together for a better America. aware of our visit to China through Mrs. WINNER OF HERITAGE ESSAY Ronald Reagan worked to put pride back Bette Bao Lord, wife of then American Am­ CONTEST into being an American. bassador Winston Lord. We had correspond­ How important is the power of the presi­ ed in 1989 and on a prior occasion 0987) dency? The decisions made by Presidents met Mrs. Lord in the Embassy residence HON. HARRIS W. FAWELL affect people living then, now, and in the when I presented an autographed copy of OF ILLINOIS future. A President's leadership can deter­ Senator Scott's book: "The Lively Tang Dy­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES mine whether we have economic prosperity nasty" to the Lords. or recession. Social progress in the areas of I had asked Mr. Stites if I could meet with Thursday, July 20, 1989 equality and human rights is dependant on the new ambassador, James Lilley, on Mr. FAWELL. Mr. Speaker, today I would the President's commitment and interpreta­ Monday in a protocol contact on behalf of like to recognize an outstanding student from tion of the Constitution. Peace in today's Senator Scott. my congressional district. Adam Hrejsa is this nuclear age rests on his decisions. Having taken care of our two important year's winner of my Heritage Essay Contest. Embassy contacts we proceeded toward the campus of the Beijing College of Physical Nearly 500 eighth graders from my district en­ EYEWITNESS TO VIOLENCE IN Education. We were no strangers to this tered this competition. BEIJING campus since we had visited in 1987 and Adam just completed the eighth grade at 1988 during our inquiry about the forthcom­ Lakeview Junior High School. Adam is a resi­ HON. CURT WELDON ing Asia games to be held in Beijing in Sep­ dent of Downers Grove, IL. OF PENNSYLVANIA tember 1990. This college would host the Adam's essay focuses on the powers of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES basketball games. We had watched the con­ Presidency over the history of our Nation. The struction in the two previous years. Now the text of his essay, "The Power of the Presiden­ Thursday, July 20, 1989 building was complete. Who knows what Mr. WELDON. Mr. Speaker, we have all will happen to the Beijing games amid all cy: How It Affects Our Lives," follows: the tragic turmoil? In fact, we read in a THE POWER OF THE PRESIDENCY: How IT heard a great deal about the violence in Beij­ Hong Kong newspaper on June 9th that a AFFECTS OUR LIVES ing several weeks ago. None of us, however, $40 million loan was on hold via a Japanese The President of the United States is had the opportunity to see those events first­ and Hong Kong bank that would enable known as our chief executive and command­ hand. One of my constituents, Lauren B. completion of the major track and field er in chief of the armed forces. It is through Meiswinkle, an associate professor of speech complex on another campus. the powers of the Constitution that he is at West Chester University, was in Beijing In the meantime, we were shown our room the leader of our nation. The power of the during those fateful days, as the director of in the new guest hotel built to house the presidency is more than that which is the Hugh Scott Lectures in China, Professor visiting athletes. We were pleasantly sur­ spelled out in the Constitution. It extends Meiswinkle has a unique understanding of the prised to see a complete W estem breakfast to the sense of leadership and direction he on a stainless steel tray. This was a first in provides the nation as he makes decisions. prodemocracy movement. more than 25 university visits. Breakfast in Many of the things we have today and per­ Mr. Speaker, as the most ardent supports of our room. By now it was 10:00 a.m. I expect­ haps take for granted, are the result of democracy in the world I feel that it is incum­ ed any minute the College President or Vice these decisions. bent on us to learn from Professor Meiswin­ President would be by to greet us. After all, In the first one hundred years of the pres­ kle' s comments and descriptions. I therefore last year we inadvertently went to the idential powers, there were some notable ex­ submit Professor Meiswinkle's remarks to the Peking University campus to spend one amples of presidents that showed special RECORD, and commend them to my col­ night before Vice President Yu Gang came leadership. George Washington, our first leagues as both scholarly and timely. with a car to bring us to his campus. President, put the powers to the test. He Strangely enough this year I had an official made tough decisions when he decided to FIVE DAYS THAT CHANGED CHINESE HISTORY invitation from Peking University to give give France aid in their war with England It all began when my wife and I arrived at five lectures on various chapters in my book and used Federal troops to put a stop to the the Beijing rail station at 7:00 a.m. on the "Public Relation Skills in China: Communi­ rioting during the Whiskey Rebellion. This 2nd of June. The assistant Director for For­ cation Theory and Practice". I had earlier proved the President was not afraid to use eign Affairs at Beijing # 2 College of Physi­ left copies of the ten chapters at Shenzhen his powers to lead. Thomas Jefferson, one cal Education was there to meet us. We University for translation into Chinese and of the drafters of the Declaration of Inde- never travel in China without a host to subsequent publication. 15712 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 20, 1989 We waited about an hour until I thought We passed the library where a banner above soon became escalated to thousands. You I'd better call one of the English teachers the door was interpreted "No classes, no could sense the anxiety level of many stu­ Chen Meibin, whom we met the previous exams until victory." Our host, Mr. Li, took dents and foreign experts who had spent a year. Mrs. Chen lived with her husband at us to the main dining hall whereupon he year or two on campus-many had been Beijing Normal University where he taught proceeded to order five dishes. We had al­ very sympathetic to the students and their physical education. We contacted her at ready eaten a large breakfast and lunch but movement! home through our Foreign Affairs inter­ he insisted we try a variety from the menu Sunday evening was a long night. Were preter. You either know the language or while our room was being prepared. the troops on their way? Would be be part you just don't try to contact anyone Finally, we were shown our room-which of this terrible nightmare in history? through the Chinese switchboard. Most in a mixup had been assigned to another Monday morning we were out in front of calls are intercepted through a switchboard person. We were glad to just sit down. We the building at dawn. We had made it unless you call the person's residence. She began to contemplate what we would do through the night without any tragic immediately bicycled over and we talked with no students attending classes, when events. Two other visiting scholars, Profes­ about the protest for an hour. Mr. Li told us a special group of students de­ sor Paul Tedesco, a Fulbright scholar from I expressed my concern to our host that I siring to learn English lar:guage skills had Boston, Robert Jacobson, International was unable to get a phone call to Peking paid tuition to attend a special five month Editor of the Chronicle of Higher Education University when I tried to call from Zhengz­ · seminar. I was invited to give a lecture Sat­ in Washington, D.C., and I coordinated the hou-the capital city in Henan Province. I urday morning to this group of twenty five "evacuation" of American Citizens through knew Peking University was one of the cen­ students. If all went well I would lecture our U. S. Embassy contact Mark Larson. ters of the student protest movement. It each morning until I would leave on Dr. Tedesco and Mr. Jacobson left on was next to impossible to phone in. In fact, Wednesday or Thursday June 7 or 8. I was Monday afternoon by van. I remained on I'd received a telegram at Yellow River Uni­ told I would probably be the only person campus to make certain the Embassy would versity that my lectures at Peking had to be lecturing because most professors supported send vans or cars. The Embassy had prom­ cancelled. The students were boycotting all the boycott. They too had grievances. ised to send a convoy about 4:00. Other em­ classes. Nevertheless, I would go to Beijing After the lecture we had the traditional, bassies were arriving and evacuating their to continue to make the Hugh Scott Lecture Welcome to Peking University, banquet. students. We waited until 6:00 and called contacts as well as make several other con­ Later that evening Carol and I walked to the Embassy only to be told that they tacts most notably with Professor King the main gate to observe the crowd of citi­ couldn't come to get us and we should con­ Wu-one of China's leading coal geologists. zens who by now had joined the protest tact them at 10:00 the next morning. We Professor Wu had received the 1988 distin­ movement-at least many of them in spirit. would spend another sleepless night of un­ guished alumni award from Penn State Uni­ They listened to the loudspeaker report of certainty waiting for the unknown. Would versity. I was to greet him on behalf of what was happening in the square. About the troops come during the night when they Robert Goerder, International Director at 8:30 p.m. a contingent of students came out usually made their moves? Penn State. the main gate with a banner. They pulled a About mid morning Tuesday, June 6, two We had also met with Counselor Wang loud speaker and amplifier on a bicycle. The officials from the Embassy arrived to get Junmei of the People's Republic of China people applauded them in fervent support. names of those who wanted to leave the Embassy in Washington May 12th just prior We saw many people and students follow Peking University campus. By noon no vans to our lecture tour. Counselor Wang would them. We will never know how many of had arrived. be in Beijing by the first week in June on a them returned. Meanwhile, I had secured a university car two month vacation. We were to visit with By now we were very tired. We hadn't and driver! An American student Sybil Hig­ his wife, daughter and him in their home. slept well on the train during our previous gens, my wife and I left by car for the air­ All of this was to have taken place Monday, ten hour train ride from Zhengzhou. It had port with our host Deputy Chairman Li. June 5. really been a very long day! In fact, so long Sybil had been on the campus three years. In the meantime, we had barely finished a that we must have slept right through the She spoke excellent Mandarin. Ms. Higgens full breakfast when our lunch arrived in our night's activity on campus. Students had was very scared for her life because as a stu­ room-again on the stainless steel tray. It been running all over the campus, President dent she had befriended many of the pro­ was now 12:15. We hadn't been out of our Ding had called a meeting at 4:00 a.m. to testing students. On our way to the airport room. Where was the President? The Vice notify the faculty and staff of what had we saw the caravan of American vans President? Both greeted us on our two pre­ happened in the square. coming to pick up those Americans waiting vious visits immediately after we came on We found out what happened shortly to leave. Although the airport was a mad­ campus. Little did I realize that all universi­ after 7:00 a.m. when we went to breakfast. house of people waiting to leave, we were ty and college Presidents were in vitally im­ You could now feel the anxiety of not only very lucky to get a plane at 6:00 p.m. to portant meetings. Possibly they were trying the Chinese students but the international Hong Kong. It would be Thursday, June 8, to get the students off Tiananmen Square community in residence at the Peking Uni­ after we were safely in Hong Kong that the and back into the classroom. In fact, hind­ versity's Shao Yuan's five main guest State Department would order the evacu­ sight leads me to believe an ultimatum may houses. ation of all nonessential Americans. have been given. But the students remained Later that morning we walked out the firm. West Gate to the apartment of a professor I was finally able to reach the Foreign Af­ who had befriended us the year before. His IN RECOGNITION OF THE OUT­ fairs office at Peking University. I was in­ wife and daughter were stunned. We talked STANDING ACHIEvEMENTS OF formed that Deputy Chairman Li Xiaoz­ for an hour. The daughter spoke very good hong of the English Department would English. THE STUDENTS OF LA JOLLA come over and take us to the Peking How could this happen? How many were HIGH SCHOOL AT THE NA­ campus. Wait a moment, he said, I'll be killed? How could we get information? On TIONAL SCIENCE OLYMPIAD right over. Saturday evening we had watched the last The car from Peking came about 3:00 p.m. news telecast in Chinese. We were told by By now we were on campus about five hours our interpreter that an official warning had HON. BILL LOWERY and no visit from the officials of the College been issued via TV for the students to OF CALIFORNIA of Physical Education. Once again I was vacate the square. Premier Li Peng ap­ told they were in a very important meeting. peared on the screen but we were told his IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES After a conference between the Foreign address was on a topic concerning the envi­ Thursday, July 20, 1989 Affairs Director and the Deputy Chairman ronment and irrelevant to the protest in the from Peking, we packed our bags in the car square. Mr. LOWERY of California. Mr. Speaker, it is and left for the Harvard of China-the All afternoon we listened to the short with a great sense of pride that I direct my Peking University campus. wave radio. The news was not good. The colleagues' attention to the outstanding By now it was late afternoon and almost death toll was rising and we heard that citi­ achievements of several young people in the time for dinner. We walked around the zens as well as students had been killed. I 41 st Congressional District of California. campus, which was relatively quiet except decided to call the U.S Embassy. We were On May 20, 1989, at the University of Colo­ for students who were intently reading the told to stay indoors! Do not leave campus! posters and looking at the photographs dis­ Rumors began to abound. The troops were rado at Boulder, more than 2,000 junior and played on the many bulletin boards. Loud on their way to the campus. There had been senior high school students competed in the speakers were continually blaring out, in a mass slaughter of students and citizens. National Science Olympiad. Among these re­ Chinese, what we presumed was a summary Would we be next? One scarey rumor said markable achievers were 17 La Jolla High of the day's events on Tiananmen Square. 10,000-the figure started as low as 23 and School students. July 20, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15713 The National Science Olympiad consists of minister, who hardly considered journalism a commentator for the Westinghouse Broad­ several events, testing the competitors' knowl­ worthy career for Simeon. But when his first casting Co., a position he held from 1969-78. edge of various scientific topics including byline appeared over a well-written article, Si­ Simeon is the author of "Black Man's Amer­ anatomy, biology, engineering, chemistry, ge­ meon's father demanded that his son use a ica," a reporter's view of the civil rights move­ netics, and physics. The students demonstrate Jr. following his name, and the elder Rev. ment, and "Susie King Taylor: Civil War their knowledge of these subjects by compet­ Simeon Booker added a Sr. to the end of his Nurse," a biography for children. ing in events such as the Pentathlon where name as a further safeguard against any con­ We are all very grateful to Simeon for his four-member teams run through an obstacle fusion. courage and dedication in covering the civil course modeled after an athletic pentathlon. Simeon graduated from Virginia Union Uni­ rights movement. Many of us were raised on After each obstacle, however, students versity, where he worked his way through as his writings as the words of a witness who answer a question from one of five science publicist for the football and basketball teams. could tell us how our brothers and sisters areas. After graduation he worked for the Balti­ struggled against the forces of hatred and ig­ The La Jolla High School team had several more Afro-American, one of America's great norance. We were both horrified and hopeful. of its remarkable members place among the black newspapers. There he covered the Horrified at the extent that some would go to top five in their respective events. crime beat at the police station and in criminal prevent the civil rights movement from chang­ Bruce Bustby, an 11th grader, placed 1st in court that included his presence as journalist­ ing the face of America and hopeful when we the mousetrap vehicle event, where students witness at many executions by hanging at the saw the victories being to pile up and barriers build and race a vehicle with a 1 spring Maryland State Penitentiary. He later joined to equality start coming down. There is, of mousetrap as its sole means of propulsion. the Clevoland Call-Post where he was award­ course, much work that continues to be done. Michael Jablecki, a 12th grader, also placed ed two national awards for his series on hous­ But we can take heart that we, who enjoy the 1st in the mousetrap vehicle event. ing and education. rights and privileges of American society, James Cook, a 10th grader, received 4th Upon leaving the Cleveland Call-Post, Mr. stand on the shoulders of such men as place in the computer programming event. Booker was faced with two desirable choices Simeon Booker. Mr. Speaker, I am proud and Marc Dionne, an 11th grader, placed 3d in in his career advancement: The first was to be honored to recognize the contributions of the measurement estimation event. a correspondent for a black newspaper cover­ Simeon Booker, journalist and giant. Lance Held, an 11th grader, placed 3d in ing the Korean war. The other was to attend the bridge building event, where students built Harvard on the prestigious Nieman Fellow­ a bridge out of wood, striving for the lightest ship. He accepted the fellowship. Completing THE 75TH ANNIVERSARY OF weight and best structural efficiency. his year at Harvard he made himself a prom­ HERITAGE SOUTHWEST Larry Lee, a 10th grader, placed 3d in the ise to work on a daily newspaper. He sent his JEWISH PRESS rocks and fossils event. writings to 50 editors and was finally promised Jim Lim, a 12th grader, placed 1st in the a desk upon the next vacancy by Philip measurement assessment event and also Graham of the Washington Post, which came HON. HENRY A. WAXMAN placed 4th in the sounds of music event, only 6 months later in 1952. By accepting the OF CALIFORNIA where competitors design a musical instru­ position he also accepted the distinction of ment and play "America the Beautiful." being the " Jackie Robinson of journalism" as HON. HOWARD L. BERMAN Tim Yu, an 11th grader, also placed 4th in the first full-time black journalist at the Post. OF CALIFORNIA the sounds of music event. Simeon struggled hard at the Post to achieve Nancy Lindholm, a 12th grader, placed 5th a high quality of journalism in the face of HON. MEL LEVINE in the water, water event, where students rampant racism. He struggled so hard friends OF CALIFORNIA answer questions concerning freshwater and often thought he was dying because he was IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES saltwater ecology. chronically exhausted. Daniel Starr, a 1Oth grader, placed 3d in de­ After almost 2 years of being faced with the Thursday, July 20, 1989 signer genes, an event where students horrific prejudice of the Capital he gave up his Mr. WAXMAN. Mr. Speaker, we congratu­ answer questions on Mendelian genetics. position when he met John H. Johnson, the late Heritage Southwest Jewish Press on its Mr. Speaker, please join me in applauding publisher of Ebony and Jet magazines. The forthcoming 75th anniversary. these remarkable young students and their meeting was a match made in heaven. We should especially like to call to the at­ outstanding achievements in the scientific dis­ Simeon decided to join ranks with Johnson tention of the Speaker and our colleagues the ciplines and in praising the spirit of competi­ and together they would fight segregation signal contributions made by Heritage publish­ tion and excellence fostered by the National head on. Through his writings Simeon chron­ er Herb Brin and, more recently, Heritage Science Olympiad. icled the horrors of bigotry and the heroism of editor in chief Dan Brin. the struggle for civil rights. He volunteered for Under the courageous leadership of the IN RECOGNITION OF SIMEON any and every assignment. He hid out in fu­ Brins, Heritage has stood forthrightly for the BOOKER-A LIFETIME OF EX­ neral homes, bars, and barns, disguised in defense of all minorities, for the preservation EMPLARY JOURNALISM overalls or as a minister, traveling day and of our Constitution of rights, for unwavering night, from one end of this country to another. American support for the State of Israel, and HON. KWEISI MFUME Simeon chronicled the watershed events of for maximum effort on behalf of Soviet Jewry. the civil rights movement that would one day When national publications, metropolitan OF MARYLAND comprise the history of United States in the dailies, and the electronic media have run IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 20th century. Simeon Booker also covered the scared, Heritage has broken major stories on Thursday, July 20, 1989 little events of the movement when the ordi­ dangerous elements on the far right. Heritage Mr. MFUME. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to nary individual of strength and integrity faced has won numerous awards for its exposes of honor a journalist whose work in our Nation's the ravages of racsim with dignity and cour­ neo-Nazis, the Aryan Brotherhood, the Liberty Capital for the past 37 years has been nothing age. Lobby, and, most recently, "skinheads." less than exemplary. Simeon Booker began Johnson's decision to open a Washington Heritage has been the major vehicle for his career here in Washington in 1952 at the bureau was the opportunity Simeon had await­ communication between the Jewish communi­ Washington Post. He later opened the Wash­ ed to show Washington's journalism communi­ ty and our numerous synagogues, agencies, ington bureau for Johnson Publishing Co., ty that he could not be beaten. Simeon and social welfare programs. Nevertheless, publishers of Ebony and Jet, where he has la­ Booker has been at the Washington bureau of under Herb Brin's leadership none of these bored continuously since 1955. The names of Johnson Publishing Company since 1955. The groups have received kid-glove treatment. these periodicals are but signposts of a long quality of his writing and the integrity of the Herb Brin has repeatedly risked circulation career that represents the highest ideals of person were so widely recognized and appre­ and popularity to make constructively critical personal and journalistic honesty and integrity. ciated that Mr. Booker received the prestigi­ remarks about aspects of the Jewish commu­ Doubts about the wisdom of a career in ous Fourth Estate Award for his lifetime nity which he believed warranted closer atten­ journalism worried Simeon's father, a Baptist achievement in journalism. He is also a former tion. 15714 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 20, 1989 Heritage and Herb and Dan Brin stand for might well have caused part of the sharp Congress hasn't been creative enough to the kind of honest, crusading public-spirited rise in female-headed households. solve any of those problems. All it has done journalism that has contributed so much to It can be said, then, that government poli­ is figure out ways to help Americans pay for our Nation. In an era of nondescript, bland, cies worsened matters for millions of poor a day-care system that nobody wants. Americans by failing to intervene and check anonymous copy, the Brins have given us If working parents get tax credits and the growing inequality in income distribu­ vouchers for child care, then don't stay-at­ hard facts and passionate interpretation. tion as some past administrations had done. home parents deserve the same? After all, We ask that the Speaker and all of our col­ Instead of giving the poor a cushion, the they are the ones without the paycheck. leagues join us in saluting Heritage Southwest Reagan administration chose not to inter­ If wealthy women have the luxury of rais­ Jewish Press, its publisher Herb Brin, and vene. It's no wonder that more than 40 mil­ ing their own children, then shouldn't poor editor in chief Dan Brin. We wish them more lion Americans, the poorest fifth, are a lot women have the same choice? Congress has of the kind of journalistic achievements which worse off today. been so busy figuring out ways to pay for have in the past won them numerous Smolar day care to get "welfare mothers" into the and Rokower Awards and the prestigious workplace, it has forgotten to ask those TIME FOR NEW IDEAS ON DAY women if they want someone else to raise Louis D. Brandeis Award, and the Communi­ CARE cations Award of the Anti-Defamation League their children. If American industry is so advanced, then of B'nai B'rith. Chazak V'Ematz. HON.THOMASJ.TAUKE how come we haven't figured out a way for OF IOWA more parents to work at home? In the past, THEY'RE WORSE OFF the computer was heralded as the home tool IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of the future. Now it's the future, and the Thursday, July 20, 1989 majority of people who spend a day at a HON. WILLIAM (BILL) CLAY computer terminal still leave their homes to OF MISSOURI Mr. TAUKE. Mr. Speaker, the following do it. When women talk about jobs at home, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES column on child care appeared in last Sun­ they still mean ironing, sewing, envelope­ day's edition of the Washington Post. The arti­ Thursday, July 20, 1989 stuffing and telephone sales. cle, by Jack Anderson and Dale Van Atta, If American business values its female em­ Mr. CLAY. Mr. Speaker, we all know the identifies one of the key weaknesses in the ployees, then why are there so few on-site legend of Robin Hood, who took from the rich child-care legislation which recently passed day care programs in the American work­ and gave to the poor. Former President the Senate and is about to be considered by place? Employees are happier and children Ronald Reagan may be thought of as a latter­ the House. As the authors correctly point out, fare better when the day care center is just a few steps from the office. Only short-term day Robin Hood; with the difference, of these child care bills ignore "the Nation's full­ course, that he took from the poor and gave thinkers would consider that to be a useless time child care providers-the parents, most expense, and Congress needs to offer more to the rich. As Mr. Reagan travels around the of them women, who stay home." tax incentives to get those short-term think­ world, receiving honors and making speeches TIME FOR NEW IDEAS ON DAY CARE ers off the dime. as the man who revitalized America's econo­ If American society respects the family, my, the lower fifth of our population, whose then why are women hassled at every step income fell dramatically during the Reagan As any mail carrier or delivery person can tell you, no one is home in America any­ when they ask for maternity leave or job­ years, continues to suffer as a result of the more-no one except perhaps one lone sharing arrangements? former President's misguided economic initia­ mother per block who takes all the packages If our children are falling behind the rest tives. for the others who "work." She wipes noses of the world in achievement tests, then why I was pleased to read the responsible edito­ for the latch-key children who gravitate to must parents fight teachers tooth and nail rial, "They're Worse Off," which appeared in her house after school. She lets the plumber for a longer school day to correspond with the workday? the St. Louis Post Dispatch, July 18, 1989. I into the house next door. She calls 911 when a stranger lingers too long in the If day care by a trusted grandmother is commend this excellent piece to my col­ available, why doesn't the government re­ leagues. neighborhood. The Senate fell all over itself last month spect that as the best option, loving baby [From the St. Louis Post Dispatch, July 18, to pass a child care bill to accommodate sitters are forced out of business because 19891 "working" mothers. But it forgot the na­ they aren't licensed. THEY'RE WORSE OFF tion's full-time child care providers-the Many Americans are old enough to re­ To the question that former President parents, most of them women, who stay member a time when day care was regarded Ronald Reagan often asked voters-Are you home. as a communist plot. Only a nation with better off now than before?-Americans fi­ The Senate child care bill passed last brainwashing on its agenda would allow its nally have some definitive answers. The month the New York Times, included a If working parents weren't too busy HON. CONSTANCE A. MORELLA 46 percent rise in single-parent families, scratching out a living, they might have lack of child support from absent fathers time to lobby Congress and explain that OF MARYLAND and a downturn in economic conditions. throwing money at the status quo isn't the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Even here, it can be argued that harsh answer, because no one likes the status quo. government policies helped to create the Every parent knows the agony of a child Thursday, July 20, 1989 conditions for social problems such as the with the sniffles at 7 a.m., an unexpected Mrs. MORELLA. Mr. Speaker, the advanced sharp rise in single-parent families. The ad­ cancellation of school, a boss who hands out communications technology satellite, better ministration's job-training policies are an overtime work at 5 p.m., nagging doubts known by its acronym, ACTS, is in the 8th example. Funds for job training went about the skills of a baby sitter, guilt about year of its 11-year funding cycle. U.S. taxpay­ mainly to those who'd been out of work for "quality time." less than a year. That meant fewer dollars If stay-at-home parents weren't too busy ers have already invested $368 million in for the millions of hardcore unemployed making ends meet, they could t ell Congress ACTS, and it is 75 percent completed. Fund­ inner-city residents, males in particular. how tough it is to get by on one income and ing for the 1991 fiscal year will only cost the This no doubt affected the extent to which how the careers they put down can never be Government half that amount-$34 million­ these males could support families and picked up again. and then an additional $1 o million in 1992. It July 20, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15715 would be a terrible mistake to abort the fund­ jobs-pressure that could lead corporations TRIBUTE TO GEORGE M. ing schedule now, before it is completed. to take preemptive actions without first PARKER, PRESIDENT EMERI­ ACTS is an ongoing joint project between thinking through the labor problems that TUS, AMERICAN FLINT GLASS NASA and the private sector. It is sometimes might result. The European Community is scheduled in WORKERS UNIONS, AFL-CIO called a high speed switchboard in the sky, 1992 to permit the free movement of goods and it is the critical program for maintaining and services, as well as human, and financial the traditional American technological lead capital, within the 12-nation group that will HON. MARCY KAPTUR over the rest of the world in communications make up the single economic market. OF OHIO satellites. Its completion is viewed as an im­ Doyle, in an interview last week, said that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES portant, if not essential, component of many while most of the 1992 program appears to future technologies, as well as playing a major be moving along as planned, "the social di­ Thursday, July 20, 1989 role in the development of high-definition tel­ mension has the possibility of really getting it off the rails." One of the biggest concerns Mrs. KAPTUR. Mr. Speaker, the city of evison [HDTV]. among the various European nations is job Toledo which I represent has long been distin­ However, funding for ACTS has been elimi­ security, he said, and "the national and re­ guished as the "Glass Capital of the World." nated from both the House and Senate appro­ gional differences in this area are very Today I rise in honor of a true ambassador on priations bills. The wording in the House com­ sharp. It is the kind of issue that can be mittee report is that this has been done "with­ very emotional, deeply ingrained and very behalf of the men and women in Ohio's Ninth out prejudice," and that the committee hopes difficult to reconcile." District distinguished by their commitment to funding will ultimately be included in the bill. I He said the emergence of the common producing quality workmanship in our Nation's certainly hope that this is so, and I will vigor­ market and the quest for job security by the glass industry. For the past 37 years, 28 of ously work to honor the longtime commitment. often politically potent European labor which as national president, George Parker unions is apt to lead to development of has paved a more promising road for the men international labor standards that all corpo­ and women in our community and throughout EUROPE-1992: A BOOST FOR rations will be forced to meet even if they only operate in the United States. our country organized as American Flint Glass INTERNATIONAL LABOR Workers. STANDARDS Doyle said the biggest problem will come for U.S. corporations with operations in A life-long resident of Toledo, George was Europe that produce goods sold in markets introduced to the glass industry in 1938 at the HON. DONALD J. PEASE outside the European Community. But he Libbey Glass Division of Ownes-Illinois. OF OHIO predicts that with the expected emergence Thrusting himself into local union affairs, he IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of international labor standards, the prob­ lems of doing business in a global market­ quickly defined himself as one determined to Thursday, July 20, 1989 place will not be limited to European oper­ enhance the working conditions and opportu­ Mr. PEASE. Mr. Speaker, a recent column ations. nities of his fellow workers. Throughout the in the Washington Post underscores that the "If you're competitive only with the years, whether as first vice president of the looming economic integration the European United States, that may not serve you at Automatic Machine Operators Executive all," said Doyle. Community in 1992 is spawning domestic po­ As a result of the domestic political pres­ Board, editor of the AFGWU publication-the litical pressures over job security among its sures over job security and the increased American Flint, secretary of the Workers' Insti­ member nations and renewed trade worries pressures of international trade, Doyle sees tute for Safety and Health, a member of the that are fueling growing interest in internation­ an increasing interest in international labor executive board of the International Federa­ al labor rights and standards. Apparently, standards such as those put forth by the tion of Chemical, Energy, and General Work­ more and more Europeans are coming to the International Labor Organization and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and ers, or as national president of the American realization that enforceable international trade Flint Glass Workers Union, George Parker has rules for the treatment of workers are urgently Development. These standards take on increased impor­ worked tirelessly to cultivate the best interests needed. As Frank Swoboda writes in the fol­ tance under the new U.S. trade law, which of the glass industry and of the conscientious lowing column of May 28, 1989, the recently­ for the first time allows the government to men and women who have made it a vital enacted worker rights provisions in U.S. trade use "workers' rights" as a test for determin­ facet of our Nation's manufacturing base. law underscore the growing need for U.S. ing unfair trade practices. The ILO fair companies to think globally and to develop labor standards are apt to serve as the basis In an age when the high-flying schemes ex­ their human resource policies accordingly. for setting standards in this area. ecuted by Wall Street moneychangers contin­ [From the Washington Post, May 28, 19891 Organized labor in the United States ue to dominate the evening news and our Na­ worked hard to get the labor test included tion's headlines, George Parker has persisted U.S. WILL SOON FACE GLOBAL LABOR in the tough new trade bill approved by STANDARDS in telling the true story of the countless hard Congress last year. And the trade union working men and women responsible for sus­ budget peaked at $22.88 billion in 1966 and was rendered endurable, because NASA was Like Neil Armstrong's tractor-tread foot­ declined to $7.83 billion in 1978. The current able to coast on the lingering myth of print, which remains etched in the moon­ funding level is $10.9 billion. Apollo, like an aging athlete dining out on dust like a fossil in a rock, the grandeur of In the 1970s, the manned space program how he once won the big game. mankind's first touchdown on another went six years without a launch. And when The explosion of the shuttle Challenger world stands unperturbed as it approaches flights resumed in 1981 with the shuttle, in January 1986, which killed the crew of seven and halted manned space flight for its 20th anniversary next Thursday. But as they merely went around in circles, confined 1 a foundation for a robust program that to Earth orbit. n of Pioneer Day, a adopted a declaration urging member States tion available for obligation during the previ­ day in which Utahns recognize the heritage to cut off all ties with the Iranian regime, expel ous year and allowing a carryover of funds and spirit that has made Utah the great State Iran from the United Nations, and ensure that into the subsequent fiscal year encourages it is today. Pioneer Day is a celebration of our the Iranian people are represented by the Ira­ better long-range planning and is consistent past, a past which is reflected in the present, nian National Council of Resistance. This with the practice applied to all major domestic and provides our hope for the future. measure was taken in response to the recent education programs. The men, women, and children who braved unprecedented rise in Iran's State-sponsorship The second part of the bill would permit the the rugged journey across the plains and the of terrorism and murder. In the latest such call Government to authorize a full living quarters mountains embody the spirit and soul of our for terrorism, Parliament Speaker Hashemi allowance to eligible teachers and other civil­ State. The first settlers faced inclement Rafsanjani suggested killing five American, ians working in Panama. Civil service employ­ weather, hostile Indians, floods, famine, and British, or French nationals in retaliation for ees who were assigned to work in Panama disease in seemingly endless struggle for sur­ every Palestinian killed during the intifada. are restricted by law from receiving a full living vival. Despite these hardships, these brave This followed Ayatollah Khomeini's decree quarters allowance. These same employees pioneers didn't quit when things got rough. and offer of bounty for the murder of British would be granted a full allowance if assigned They overcame the obstacles of the times to author Salman Rushdie. In addition, Iran has to other foreign countries. Therefore, for ex­ carve out a future and a State from an un­ recently embarked on a wave of prison kill­ ample, a teacher who has been reassigned yielding environment. That spirit is a part of ings, in an attempt to deal with a mounting from Germany to work in Panama does so at Utah today, and it is that pioneer spirit we popular resistance. the cost of losing a housing entitlement. I un­ honor today. The desire of our European allies to stand derstand that this disparity in benefits has When the first settlers drove their wagons firm against the Iranian regime should be sup­ contributed to the difficulties in recruiting and into Salt Lake Valley in 1847, it marked the ported by our Government. The passage of retaining personnel in Panama. Last year, for beginning of Utah. Originally known as "Des­ the European Parliament declaration provides example, only 21 teaching positions were eret," Utah began its long history of growth us with an important opportunity to work with filled with stateside recruits, when requests anci settlement which continues even today. our allies in applying pressure to the Iranian were made for 35 such recruits. Growing as one with the land, giving as well Government, and to encourage the establish­ The morale of Americans living and working as taking, Utah exemplifies growth in harmony ment of a new regime which will respect inter­ in Panama is understandably low at present. with her surroundings. national law and human rights. It is time for The political environment has given rise to nu­ The marks of these early stewards of our the President and Secretary of State to invigo- merous uncertainties and difficult, albeit nee- lands remain today. From beautiful temples, to 15724 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 20, 1989 functioning irrigation systems a hundred or steps on Luna. Instead, the launch has been nam, the Rakkasans have earned the place of more years old; from the foundations of old pushed off to the last half of August. But honor, the "right of the line" among airborne buildings to carefully restored homes and launch they will. The creation of a viable com­ regiments. businesses, the past in Utah is preserved. The mercial rocket company, one that sells launch From Purple Heart Ridge to the .Wonju Big people of Utah take pride in their past, for services and makes money doing it, will be Shoot to Hamburger Hill, the Rakkasans have they realize that by preserving the memories George's memorial. The creation of affordable set the standard for others to emulate. Taking of the past today, they can keep alive the access to space will be George Koopman's the name conferred upon them by the enemy, spirit and hope for tomorrow. memorial. His death demands nothing less. the Rakkasans (Falling Down Umbrella Man), George Koopman's death is an enormous have placed their colors in war throughout the loss, both to his friends, his family, and to his AN AMERICAN SPACE PIONEER world and in peace in Lebanon and Sinai and colleagues at Amroc. But his death is also a Panama, as Keepers of Peace. Today, the great loss to all Americans. George believed battalions of the regiment stand ready to HON. DANA ROHRABACHER in free enterprise and in the creation of wealth again give credence to the regimental motto OF CALIFORNIA by private means. He thought he could benefit "Ne Desit Virtus" (Let Valor Not Fail!). IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES all Americans by the creation of a commercial The great State of Arizona and the Fourth Thursday, July 20, 1989 launch industry providing cheap, affordable Congressional District are proud to host this Mr. ROHRABACHER. Mr. Speaker, today access to space. He expected to make some famous American military unit. we celebrate the 20th anniversary of man­ bucks in the process, too. He didn't want Gov­ ernment handouts to build his company; all he kind's first manned lunar landing. We honor TRIBUTE TO JOE ALBERTSON the three crew members of Apollo 11, Mike wanted was for Government to get out of his Collins, Buzz Aldrin, and Neil Armstrong, and way so that he would have a chance to the hundreds of thousands of Americans who achieve his dreams. and like American pio­ HON. RICHARD H. STALLINGS neers through the years, he would not let his made it possible for Eagle to land successfully OF IDAHO dreams be denied. He was, by his actions, a at Tranquility Base 20 years ago. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Today, in addition to the thousands of tal­ true space pioneer. ented Americans who made the Apollo Pro­ Thursday, July 20, 1989 gram possible, I want to honor and pay tribute THE RAKKASANS Mr. STALLINGS. Mr. Speaker, I would like to another great American-Mr. George Koop­ to take this opportunity to note the 50th anni­ man. Mr. Koopman, one of the cofounders of HON. JON L. KYL versary of the founding of America's sixth the American Rocket Co. [Amroc], and the OF ARIZONA largest grocery chain and to pay tribute to the president and chief executive officer of Amroc IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES man who exemplifies all that is good in our since its creation, died yesterday, Tuesday, Nation's free enterprise system. July 19, 1989, of injuries sustained in an auto­ Thursday, July 20, 1989 On July 21, 1939, Joe Albertson opened his mobile accident. He was 44. Mr. KYL. Mr. Speaker, I want to take this first store on the corner of 16th and State Mr. Koopman was an example of one of occasion to note that the famed 187th Regi­ Street in Boise, ID, and created a near revolu­ those people who have literally built Amer­ ment, "The Rakkasans," will be holding their tion in grocery retailing. His 10,000 square ica-the entrepreneur. It was Mr. Koopman's annual reunion from August 28 through Sep­ feet of shopping space was reportedly the dream, and the dream of his fellow American tember 4, 1989. Rakkasans will gather from largest grocery store in Idaho at that time. The Rocket Co. cofounders and financial backers, throughout the United States at the Scottsdale popular store featured free parking, self-serv­ to found a company that would create afford­ Princess Resort Hotel in Scottsdale, AZ, and ice, lots of products, and low prices. Custom­ able access to space. Chartering American several other nations. ers could purchase everything from home­ Rocket [Amroc] in March, 1985, George and The Rakkasans are the only airborne regi­ made ice cream cones and fresh popped pop­ his colleagues researched and developed the ment of the United States Army to have corn tc. magazines and bakery items-along first working hybrid rockets ever to be tested fought as airborne soldiers in all of our wars with all of the customary food and household in the United States. That they managed to do since the formation of airborne units in our proc.iucts. this for only about $10 million over the past 4 Army in 1940. In the Pacific during WW II, the With $5,000 of his own money and $7,500 years is a sterling example of how efficient Rakkasans served as an elite glider regiment borrowed from an aunt, Joe Albertson built his free enterprise can be when allowed to work in the 11th Airborne Division and recorded the grocery chain into an annual $6.8 billion busi­ unfettered. It is also a tribute to George Koop­ only combat action between American and ness with 500 stores, employing 53,000 man's driving spirit and to his desire to work Japanese paratroopers during WW II. In people and operating in 17 Western and for the attainment of his dreams. Korea, the Rakkasans were the only airborne Southern States. It is the most profitable gro­ George Koopman wanted Amroc to be the unit in the United Nations forces and conduct­ cery business in the United States today. Federal Express of space. They are well on ed two of the most successful and classical The 83-year-old Joe Albertson still comes to their way to this achieving this goal. Indeed, airborne assaults of history. During the fighting the office every day to "mind the store," George died, ironically, while driving to Ed­ in Vietnam, the Rakkasans served with the though day-to-day management has been wards Air Force Base where Amroc was going 101 st airborne Division and brought to focus turned over to a top team of corporate man­ to be conducting another rocket engine test the air assault techniques they pioneered as a agers. later that day. This test, one of hundreds unit in the 11th Air Mobile Division during the Joe's community, his State and his country Amroc has conducted, was entirely success­ developmental and testing phases of helicop­ have benefited from the five decades of his ful. They conducted it without George. George ter assault. exemplary entrepreneurship. The individual would have insisted on it. With 2 decorations for valor and 3 battle lives he has touched and influenced as an Amroc will march on without George. Again, streamers (including a combat amphibious employer, an administrator and a philanthro­ George would have insisted on it; he'd have landing) in WW II, 4 decorations and 6 battle pist are testimony to the respect and admira­ been incredibly angry at anyone who would streamers in Korea (including two of the most tion he has earned. dare to suggest otherwise. George and Amroc successful parachute assaults ever conducted Mr. Speaker, I appreciate this opportunity to had wanted their first test launch of their In­ by a regimental-sized force and the quelling of present a small portion of the history of this dustrial Launch Vehicle to have occurred the prisoners' uprising at Koje-Do); and 9 distinguished Idaho citizen and to pay tribute today, the 20th anniversary of man's first decorations and 12 battle streamers in Viet- to his considerable accomplishments.