No. 17-965 IN THE Supreme Court of the United States DONALD J. TRUMP, ET AL., Petitioners, v. STATE OF HAWAII, ET AL., Respondents. ON WRIT OF CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT BRIEF OF AMICI CURIAE RETIRED GENERALS AND ADMIRALS OF THE U.S. ARMED FORCES IN SUPPORT OF RESPONDENTS Hardy Vieux Donald Francis Donovan HUMAN RIGHTS FIRST Carl J. Micarelli 805 15th St. NW, Suite 900 Counsel of Record Washington, DC 20005 Aasiya F.M. Glover (202) 547-5692 Alice N. Barrett
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[email protected] Counsel to Amici Curiae TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF AUTHORITIES......................................iii STATEMENT OF INTEREST................................... 1 SUMMARY OF ARGUMENT.................................... 6 ARGUMENT .............................................................. 7 I. The Perception that EO-3 Expresses Anti- Muslim Bias Compromises Our Military Objectives. ............................................................. 7 A. EO-3 Is Reasonably Perceived as Hostile to Muslims and Muslim- Majority Countries. ........................................ 7 B. EO-3 Unnecessarily Undermines the Trust of Key U.S. Allies and Partners......... 12 1. EO-3 Unnecessarily Undermines U.S. Relationships with Foreign States....................................................... 13 2. EO-3 Discourages Local Individuals in Muslim-Majority Countries from Assisting U.S. Troops.............................. 18 3. EO-3 Undermines the Goodwill of the Local Population in Muslim- Majority Countries Where U.S. Troops Are Deployed............................... 19 4. Alienating Local Individuals and Communities Can Prolong U.S. Troops’ Presence...................................... 21 C. EO-3’s Perceived Anti-Muslim Bias Aids Enemy Recruitment and Propa- ganda. ........................................................... 23 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS—Continued II.