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The Nairobi Social Audit Report 6 Acknowledgement The Nairobi Social Audit REPORT The Nairobi Social Audit REPORT A Social Audit Report of the Constituency Development Fund (CDF), The Local Authority Transfer Fund (LATF) and The Economic Stimulus Program (ESP) in four Nairobi Constituencies: Langata, Kasarani, Westlands and Embakasi © Copyright TISA-Shelter Forum-Ufadhili, 18th October, 2010 The Institute for Social Accountability (TISA) Shelter Forum Ufadhili Trust P O Box 48353, 00100 P O Box 9202, 00100 P O Box 14041 - 00100 Nairobi Nairobi Nairobi CONTENTS 6 Acknowledgement: 7 List of Abbreviations: 8 Executive Summary: 0 Background to The Nairobi Social Audit Campaign 1 ESP) 12 A Brief Background of Decentralised Funds in Kenya (CDF, LATF and 6 Key Findings and Analysis 1 5 Challenges Facing Implementation of Decentralised Funds 20 Recommendations 34 ANNEX 1: Individual Project Reports 3 7 ANNEX 2: Institutional Profiles of Participating Partners 109 Annex 3: The Nairobi Social Audit Team 10 The Nairobi Social Audit Report 6 Acknowledgement: This report is a result of a partnership among The Institute for Social Accountability (TISA), Shelter Forum and Ufadhili Trust. The organizations are grateful for the dedication, work, energy, enthusiasm and time expended by various institutions and individuals in making this study a reality. We acknowledge the technical support provided by The Institute for Social Accountability (TISA), Shelter Forum and Ufadhili Trust. Special thanks go to the TISA editorial team of Elias Wakhisi, Dorah Nesoba, Pascaline Mulwa and Yofi Juma; Shelter Forum’s Francis This report was also made possible by the diligent and tireless work of the social Anyenda and Ufadhili Trust’s Pam Ogonya. audit members1 Westlands and Embakasi under the Constituencies able stewardship respectively. of their Coordinators; John Paul Makare, Mary Njambi; Erastus Omondi, Joshua Adegu and Thomas Akendo in Langata, Kasarani, Initiative for East Africa (OSIEA), CORDAID and Swedish Cooperative Centre, without whichWe thisrecognize initiative the would financial not support have been from possible. our development partners the Open Society We thank all those who in one way or another have contributed towards making this process and report a success. Asante Sana and God Bless Kenya! 1 See Annex three for full list of names The Nairobi Social Audit Report 7 List of Abbreviations: BQ: Bill of Quantities. CBO: Community Based Organization. CDF: Constituency Development Fund CDFC: Constituency Development Fund Committee CSO: Civil Society Organisations DDC: District Development Committee DDO: District Development Officer DPC: District Projects Committee ESP: Economic Stimulus Programme LAs: Local Authorities LASDAP: Local Authority Service Delivery Action Plan LATF: Local Authority Transfer Fund MP: Member of Parliament PMC: Project Management Committee NGO: Non-Governmental Organizations. The Nairobi Social Audit Report 8 Executive Summary: The Government of Kenya is spending considerable resources at the constituency level. In 2009/10 at least 73billion went towards decentralised fund spending2. This averages into Ksh 350million per constituency for local development. Through the CDF, LATF and ESP alone approximately 50billion was spent amounting to roughly Ksh 200million per mirror concerns raised by similar reports in the past3. constituency.Social Auditing However, is an the approach findings toof accountabilitythis study uncover that arelies myriad on ofthe challenges engagement which of citizens. The driving force behind social auditing is the obligation of duty bearers to take responsibility for their actions. It is a rights based approach to accountability based on the fundamental principle that citizens have the right to demand accountability and public Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sanghthana (MKSS). officialsSocial have Auditing an obligation is important to account. because It is it rooted promotes in the civic work engagement of the Indian and organisation empowers transparency and accountability for the promotion of good governance. Social auditing people; reduces corruption and ensures effective development is realised; increases development. alsoThe offers Nairobi mechanisms Social Audit and campaign structures was to jointlypromote undertaken and protect by The the Instituteright of citizens for Social to Accountability [TISA], Shelter Forum and Ufadhili Trust between May and September 2010. The campaign targeted three decentralized funds: The Constituency Development Fund [CDF], The Local Authority Transfer Fund [LATF] and The Economic Stimulus Embakasi, Kasarani, Langata and Westlands. Programme [ESP], in four Nairobi constituencies; capacitated with knowledge and skills on how conduct social audits. The social audit 60 ward representatives drawn from the four constituencies were identified and public launch kicked off with a public meeting held at Babadogo, Nairobi in July 2010. The social audit teams thereafter undertook field work and complied field reports by the validationend of August. meetings These in were each thenconstituency. analyzed and prepared into the first draft of the social auditThe reports output and of sharedthe validation directly withprocess official has stakeholdersbeen complied and and the synthesizedpublic through into public this Kenya. In total 72 projects were sampled. final report for public dissemination with the view to strengthening local governance in 2 Before factoring in education spending through the SSEB, FSE, FPE 3 See also “Harmonization of Decentralized Development in Kenya: Towards Alignment, Citizen Engagement and Accountability, KHRC-SPAN, Feb 2010. The Nairobi Social Audit Report 9 Table 1: Projects sampled in the Nairobi social audit Campaign: Constituency/No. of Projects sampled per Fund CDF LATF/ LASDAP ESP Total Kasarani 11 3 0 14 Langata 12 8 1 21 Westlands 8 10 0 18 Embakasi 10 8 1 19 Total 41 29 2 72 as national policy recommendations with a view to informing ongoing reforms under the NewThis Constitution report makes of Kenya specific with fund a view recommendations to securing citizen to relevant engagement, institution transparency heads, as welland professionalism in the County government structure. creating strong and accountable Counties and believe that this report will make a valuable contributionWe urge Parliament to the reform and process. other reform institutions to be bold, selfless and proactive in Wanjiru Gikonyo National Coordinator Eric Makoha Mumo Kivuito The Institute for Social Executive Director Executive Director Accountability Shelter Forum Ufadhili Trust The Nairobi Social Audit Report 10 Background to The Nairobi Social Audit Campaign 1.1 What is a Social Audit? A social audit is the process through which all the details of a public scheme are scrutinized organization called the Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sanghthana (MKSS). Social Auditing is an approachby its beneficiaries. to accountability Social Audit that is reliesrooted on in thethe work engagement of the Indian of citizens. based grassroots The driving people’s force behind social auditing is the obligation of duty bearers to take responsibility for their use of public resources. It is a rights based and participatory approach to accountability, which recognises that all citizens have the right to demand accountability from public Social Auditing important because it promotes civic engagement and empowers officials, and public officials have a corresponding obligation to account to citizens. transparency and accountability for the promotion of good governance. Social auditing people; reduces corruption and ensures effective development is realised; increases development. also1.2 offers The mechanisms Nairobi and Social structures Audit to promoteCampaign: and protect the right of citizens to The Nairobi Social Audit campaign was jointly undertaken by The Institute for Social Accountability [TISA], Shelter Forum and Ufadhili Trust. The campaign targeted three decentralized funds: The Constituency Development Fund [CDF], The Local Authority Transfer Fund [LATF] and The Economic Stimulus Programme [ESP] in four Nairobi Embakasi, Kasarani, Langata and Westlands. Campaign Objectives The Nairobi social audit campaign was necessitated by constituencies; 1. identified barriers that hinder sound local governance in Kenya. These barriers include: 2. ESP Low citizenreform/repeal, awareness failure and antipathyto pass the towards freedom engagement of information in local law,governance; slow local Slow pace of reforms in the sector; e.g. institutionalization of CDF/Bursary/LATF/ 3. government reform; High levels of corruption and poor management of devolved funds; The Campaign seeks to; Create public awareness of local governance institutions, reform.resources and opportunities for citizen engagement; Popularise the practice of citizen oversight1.3 Nairobithrough social Social audits; Audit and utilize Campaign social audit Methodology findings to lobby for institutional EmbakasiThe Nairobi, Kasarani Social, LangataAudit campaign and Westlands started. These in June ward 2010,with representatives the identification were capacitated and trainingwith skills of onover how 60 conductward representatives social audits on drawn the CDF, from LATF all the and four ESP. Nairobi constituencies; As part of the training, over 40 projects, ESP, CDF and LASDAP, in the respective with participants at the Nairobi Social Audit launch event held at Babadogo, Nairobi. constituenciesCommunity feedback were atsampled. the launch The event findings established of
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