Nur Balkan-Atlı (1953-2019)
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Middle East Unit: Reading and Questions Part 1: Introduction Located at the Junction of Three Continents—Europe,
Middle East Unit: Reading and Questions Part 1: Introduction Located at the junction of three continents—Europe, Asia, and Africa—the region known as the Middle East has historically been a crossroads for conquerors, peoples, trade, and ideas as well as a transition zone for political and cultural interaction. Today the Middle East’s strategic location as a tricontinental hub, its vast petroleum reserves, its importance to Muslims, Christians, and Jews alike, and its many political disputes give it a global significance out of proportion to its size. The Middle East is a culturally, politically, and economically diverse region that extends for some 5,000 miles (8,000 kilometers) from west to east and some 2,000 miles (3,200 kilometers) from north to south. It is made up of several countries located on or near the southern and eastern shores of the Mediterranean Sea. Although definitions vary, it is generally understood to encompass Egypt, Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Israel, the Gaza Strip, and the West Bank, Iran, Iraq, and the Arabian Peninsula, which comprises Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Bahrain, and Kuwait. The part of the region closest to Europe formerly was known as the Near East, and some agencies still use that term instead of the Middle East to describe the entire region. 1. What are the 3 continents that house the “Middle East”? 2. What are they known for? 3. Label your map with the countries and bodies of waters in this text. Color the waters blue and the countries each a different color. -
ASCS Newsletter 2018.2
The Australasian Society for Classical Studies Newsletter No. 43 December 2018 President Hon. Treasurer Hon. Secretary A/Prof. Tom Stevenson Prof. Bronwen Neil A/Prof. Gina Salapata School of Historical and Philosophical Inquiry Department of Ancient History School of Humanities Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Faculty of Arts Faculty of Arts University of Queensland Macquarie University Massey University [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] www.ascs.org.au From the Editor This is a bumper holiday edition of the Newsletter, because it also includes the full publication list for 2017. The Executive decided that this remains a useful exercise, especially for advocacy for our disciplines. The wealth of scholarship the publications list and the University Reports below reveal is certainly impressive, and to all but confirmed troglodytes, like those recently revealed by the disgraceful government interference in the Australian Research Council grant process (see ASCS response below), should be clear evidence for the vitality of our fields. I know that collating this list puts considerable pressure on the Campus Representatives, and I thank them for their time and diligence. President’s Report Dear Everyone, It’s worth remembering sometimes that there are only 24 hours in a day. Yet somehow our members manage to contribute mightily to ASCS in addition to their day jobs. Well done to the organisers of AMPHORAE 2018 in Auckland and thanks too for all the work that is being done in preparation for ASCS 40 in Armidale next year. On that score the convenors, Bronwyn, Graeme, and Clemens, have already laid impressive groundwork. -
Early Farmers from Across Europe Directly Descended from Neolithic Aegeans
Early farmers from across Europe directly descended from Neolithic Aegeans Zuzana Hofmanováa,1, Susanne Kreutzera,1, Garrett Hellenthalb, Christian Sella, Yoan Diekmannb, David Díez-del-Molinob, Lucy van Dorpb, Saioa Lópezb, Athanasios Kousathanasc,d, Vivian Linkc,d, Karola Kirsanowa, Lara M. Cassidye, Rui Martinianoe, Melanie Strobela, Amelie Scheua,e, Kostas Kotsakisf, Paul Halsteadg, Sevi Triantaphyllouf, Nina Kyparissi-Apostolikah, Dushka Urem-Kotsoui, Christina Ziotaj, Fotini Adaktylouk, Shyamalika Gopalanl, Dean M. Bobol, Laura Winkelbacha, Jens Blöchera, Martina Unterländera, Christoph Leuenbergerm, Çiler Çilingiroglu˘ n, Barbara Horejso, Fokke Gerritsenp, Stephen J. Shennanq, Daniel G. Bradleye, Mathias Curratr, Krishna R. Veeramahl, Daniel Wegmannc,d, Mark G. Thomasb, Christina Papageorgopoulous,2, and Joachim Burgera,2 aPalaeogenetics Group, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany; bDepartment of Genetics, Evolution, and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom; cDepartment of Biology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; dSwiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; eMolecular Population Genetics, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland; fFaculty of Philosophy, School of History and Archaeology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; gDepartment of Archaeology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 4ET, United Kingdom; hHonorary Ephor of Antiquities, Hellenic Ministry of Culture & Sports, -
Ancient Fennoscandian Genomes Reveal Origin and Spread of Siberian Ancestry in Europe
ARTICLE DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07483-5 OPEN Ancient Fennoscandian genomes reveal origin and spread of Siberian ancestry in Europe Thiseas C. Lamnidis1, Kerttu Majander1,2,3, Choongwon Jeong1,4, Elina Salmela 1,3, Anna Wessman5, Vyacheslav Moiseyev6, Valery Khartanovich6, Oleg Balanovsky7,8,9, Matthias Ongyerth10, Antje Weihmann10, Antti Sajantila11, Janet Kelso 10, Svante Pääbo10, Päivi Onkamo3,12, Wolfgang Haak1, Johannes Krause 1 & Stephan Schiffels 1 1234567890():,; European population history has been shaped by migrations of people, and their subsequent admixture. Recently, ancient DNA has brought new insights into European migration events linked to the advent of agriculture, and possibly to the spread of Indo-European languages. However, little is known about the ancient population history of north-eastern Europe, in particular about populations speaking Uralic languages, such as Finns and Saami. Here we analyse ancient genomic data from 11 individuals from Finland and north-western Russia. We show that the genetic makeup of northern Europe was shaped by migrations from Siberia that began at least 3500 years ago. This Siberian ancestry was subsequently admixed into many modern populations in the region, particularly into populations speaking Uralic languages today. Additionally, we show that ancestors of modern Saami inhabited a larger territory during the Iron Age, which adds to the historical and linguistic information about the population history of Finland. 1 Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany. 2 Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Archaeo- and Palaeogenetics, University of Tübingen, 72070 Tübingen, Germany. 3 Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, PL 56 (Viikinkaari 9), 00014 Helsinki, Finland. -
Crustal Structure of the Eastern Anatolia Region (Turkey) Based on Seismic Tomography
geosciences Article Crustal Structure of the Eastern Anatolia Region (Turkey) Based on Seismic Tomography Irina Medved 1,2,* , Gulten Polat 3 and Ivan Koulakov 1 1 Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Prospekt Koptyuga, 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; [email protected] 2 Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS, Prospekt Koptyuga, 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia 3 Department of Civil Engineering, Yeditepe University, 26 Agustos Yerleskesi, 34755 Istanbul, Turkey; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +7-952-922-49-67 Abstract: Here, we investigated the crustal structure beneath eastern Anatolia, an area of high seismicity and critical significance for earthquake hazards in Turkey. The study was based on the local tomography method using data from earthquakes that occurred in the study area provided by the Turkiye Cumhuriyeti Ministry of Interior Disaster and Emergency Management Directorate Earthquake Department Directorate of Turkey. The dataset used for tomography included the travel times of 54,713 P-waves and 38,863 S-waves from 6355 seismic events. The distributions of the resulting seismic velocities (Vp, Vs) down to a depth of 60 km demonstrate significant anomalies associated with the major geologic and tectonic features of the region. The Arabian plate was revealed as a high-velocity anomaly, and the low-velocity patterns north of the Bitlis suture are mostly associated with eastern Anatolia. The upper crust of eastern Anatolia was associated with a ~10 km thick high-velocity anomaly; the lower crust is revealed as a wedge-shaped low-velocity anomaly. This kind of seismic structure under eastern Anatolia corresponded to the hypothesized existence of Citation: Medved, I.; Polat, G.; a lithospheric window beneath this collision zone, through which hot material of the asthenosphere Koulakov, I. -
The Fertile Crescent and the Neolithic Expansion 9500 BC – 5800 BC
The Fertile Crescent and the Neolithic Expansion 9500 BC – 5800 BC The Last Hunter Gatherers in the Iberian Peninsula The dramatic effects of the oscillations and general improvement of the climate after the Younger Dryas (about 9500 BC) can be seen in the wider Mediterranean, which is where we now go to look at a development that would change the way of life of the whole of Europe. Whilst the human populations of Andalucia wobbled around a non-sustainable level, populations elsewhere were burgeoning to such an extent that they flowed over and out of the land they originally occupied. First a quick tour of the Mediterranean to look at what was afoot elsewhere. In the Levant, to which we will return shortly, rainfall increased to about 20% above current levels. More importantly the rains fell evenly throughout the year, raising water tables, bringing springs to life and feeding streams and rivers. In the northern Mediterranean and temperate Europe, a chaotic succession of plants, trees and attendant animals eventually settled down in many areas to large tracts of mixed oak forest with conifers in the mountains and open scrub on the thinner, poorer, limestone soils. In the drier parts of the Aegean and, as we have seen, the Iberian Peninsula, tree cover was patchier. There were large areas of prickly scrub and tracts of savannah dotted with almond, pistachio and terebinth. In climatic enclaves the shrubs we consider typically Mediterranean, the woody, fragrant herbs, together with olives and other, evergreen, trees kept their heads down and survived. In southern Anatolia and parts of the Levant, the woodland was, uncharacteristically, slow to advance, compared to areas at similar latitudes that were settled with a stable ecological system. -
The Iron Age Dogs from Alaybeyi Höyük, Eastern Anatolia
animals Article The Iron Age Dogs from Alaybeyi Höyük, Eastern Anatolia Abu B. Siddiq 1 , Vedat Onar 2 , Rıfat Mutu¸s 3 and Dominik Poradowski 4,* 1 Department of Anthropology, Mardin Artuklu University, Mardin 47200, Turkey; [email protected] 2 Osteoarchaeology Practice and Research Centre and Department of Anatomy, Istanbul University-Cerrahpa¸sa,Istanbul 34320, Turkey; [email protected] 3 Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Geli¸simUniversity, Istanbul 34310, Turkey; [email protected] 4 Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kozuchowska˙ 1, 51-631 Wrocław, Poland * Correspondence: [email protected] Simple Summary: Zooarchaeological studies on canine skeletal remains are rare. Faunal assemblages from the Near East, including Anatolia, give us a valuable source of information about the role of dogs in the Iron Age society. In the 2016 and 2017 excavations at Alaybeyi Höyük (Eastern Anatolia), over 300 dog bones were unearthed from Iron Age buildings and workshop complex. This study examined 143 specimens that were accessible for morphometric analysis. The zooarchaeological analysis proved that the majority of them came from nine individuals. The dentition and epiphyseal bone fusion further allowed their age estimation (8 adults and 1 juvenile). Two individuals were identified as males and one as female, but the sex of the other individuals was indeterminate. The height at withers estimations and their comparison with other archaeological dogs in Eastern Anatolia as well as modern dog breeds showed that Alaybeyi dogs were significantly larger and heavier. It is also worth highlighting the presence of butchering marks resulting from the consumption of dog Citation: Siddiq, A.B.; Onar, V.; meat. -
English / French
World Heritage 44 COM WHC/21/44.COM/INF.2 Paris, July/ juillet 2021 Original: English / French UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION ORGANISATION DES NATIONS UNIES POUR L'EDUCATION, LA SCIENCE ET LA CULTURE CONVENTION CONCERNING THE PROTECTION OF THE WORLD CULTURAL AND NATURAL HERITAGE CONVENTION CONCERNANT LA PROTECTION DU PATRIMOINE MONDIAL, CULTUREL ET NATUREL WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE/ COMITE DU PATRIMOINE MONDIAL Extended forty-fourth session / Quarante-quatrième session élargie Fuzhou (China) / Online meeting / Fuzhou (Chine) / Réunion en ligne 16 - 31 July 2021 / 16 – 31 juillet 2021 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS LISTE DES PARTICIPANTS This list is based on the information provided by participants themselves, however if you have any corrections, please send an email to: [email protected] Cette liste est établie avec des informations envoyées par les participants, si toutefois vous souhaitez proposer des corrections merci d’envoyer un email à : [email protected] States Members of the Committee / États membres du Comité ....................................... 7 Australia / Australie ............................................................................................................ 7 Bahrain / Bahreïn ............................................................................................................... 7 Bosnia and Herzegovina / Bosnie-Herzégovine ................................................................. 8 Brazil / Brésil .................................................................................................................... -
The Textile Revolution. Research Into the Origin and Spread of Wool Production Between the Near East and Central Europe
Special Volume 6 (2016): Space and Knowledge. Topoi Research Group Articles, ed. by Gerd Graßhoff and Michael Meyer, pp. 102–151. Cornelia Becker – Norbert Benecke – Ana Grabundˇzija – Hans- Christian Küchelmann – Susan Pollock – Wolfram Schier – Chiara Schoch – Ingo Schrakamp – Britta Schütt – Martin Schumacher The Textile Revolution. Research into the Origin and Spread of Wool Production between the Near East and Central Europe Edited by Gerd Graßhoff and Michael Meyer, Excellence Cluster Topoi, Berlin eTopoi ISSN 2192-2608 http://journal.topoi.org Except where otherwise noted, content is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 Cornelia Becker – Norbert Benecke – Ana Grabundˇzija – Hans-Christian Küchel- mann – Susan Pollock – Wolfram Schier – Chiara Schoch – Ingo Schrakamp – Britta Schütt – Martin Schumacher The Textile Revolution. Research into the Origin and Spread of Wool Production between the Near East and Central Europe The objective of the research group Textile Revolution is to contribute to research on the still largely unclear introduction of wool production in later Neolithic and Chalcolithic societies from Western Asia to Central Europe. Since direct evidence of wool depends on rare conditions of preservation,a multi-proxy approach based on different kinds of indirect evidence was chosen. The previous history of research on early wool production as well as the domestication history of sheep are reviewed briefly. Anthropogenic impacts on the landscape, possibly related to intensified grazing, are one kind of indirect evidence that we take into account. For the later part of the presumably long-lasting development of wool production, written sources are available, the earliest of which date to the Late Uruk and Jemdet Nasr periods (end of the 4th to beginning of the 3rd millennium BCE) in Mesopotamia. -
Middle East Brief, No
Crown Family Director Professor of Politics Shai Feldman Senior Executive Director Professor of the Practice in Politics Gary Samore The Return of Geo-Economics and the Associate Director Emergence of Co-Prosperity Zones in the Kristina Cherniahivsky Charles (Corky) Goodman Professor Middle East of Middle East History Associate Director for Research Naghmeh Sohrabi Abdel Monem Said Aly Myra and Robert Kraft Professor of Arab Politics n the post–Arab Spring period, the Middle East was Eva Bellin Iunderstood to be proceeding politically and strategically in Henry J. Leir Professor of the accordance with two observed phenomena. First, intra-state Economics of the Middle East Nader Habibi conflicts and contradictions have become paramount: more Renée and Lester Crown Professor dominant and bloodier than inter-state regional ones. The of Modern Middle East Studies civil wars that proliferated in Syria, Iraq, Libya, and Yemen Pascal Menoret were the clearest examples of this change. In other countries, Senior Fellows Abdel Monem Said Aly, PhD spiraling tensions have created conditions for outside Kanan Makiya, Professor Emeritus intervention, as occurred in Bahrain, or led to the armed Goldman Senior Fellow forces assuming control, as was the case in Egypt.1 Khalil Shikaki, PhD Research Fellow The second circumstance is that states in the region, probably as a result David Siddhartha Patel, PhD of the aforementioned dynamics, became less effective as primary actors in Sabbatical Fellows regional relations. Non-state actors—the Muslim Brotherhood, Al-Qaeda, the Hanan Hammad, PhD Islamic State (IS), and Kurdish movements—instead became more important. Daniel Neep, PhD Some of these actors even had their own particular ideas about the concept of Harold Grinspoon Junior Research Fellow a state, and one of them, in fact—IS—declared a “caliphate state” straddling Hind Ahmed Zaki, PhD the borders of Iraq and Syria. -
Paleoanthropology of the Balkans and Anatolia: Human Evolution and Its Context
Paleoanthropology of the Balkans and Anatolia: Human Evolution and its Context Katerina Harvati and Mirjana Roksandic (eds.) Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology Series, Dordrecht, Springer, 2016, 331 pp. (hardback), $129.00. ISBN-13: 9789402408737. Reviewed by WEI CHU Institute for Prehistory and Early History, University of Cologne, Weyerthal 125, 50923 Cologne, GERMANY; [email protected] aleoanthropology of the Balkans and Anatolia is a collection genetics and emphasize the difficulties in assessing admix- Pof 18 articles originating from a conference titled “Hu- ture from skeletal morphologies. In Chapter 5, Strait et al. man evolution in the Southern Balkans” in 2012. The vol- review the human fossil record from Bulgaria and propose ume is divided into three parts. The first part reviews the biogeographic dispersal hypotheses for Early, Middle, and human fossil record from six Southeastern European coun- Late Pleistocene human dispersals into Eurasia that can be tries (Chapters 1–6). The second, (Chapters 7–14) develops falsified primarily through new fieldwork. Aytek and Har- the Paleolithic record of roughly the same territory, while vati (Chapter 6) then appraise the human fossil record from the third part (Chapters 15–18) expands the paleoenviron- Turkey delivering a preliminary comparative 3D geometric mental, biogeographic and chronological backdrop for the morphometric analysis of the Homo erectus specimen from region. Kocabaş. Their results show affinities to early Eurasian The volume aims to explore if Southeastern Europe was Homo sp., as opposed to those of early African Homo erectus. a potential gateway for archaic and early modern humans, In Part II, Darlas and Psathi (Chapter 7) discuss cave bridging Africa, Western Asia, and Europe. -
A Balkan-Aegean-Anatolian Glyptic Koine in the Neolithic and EBA Periods a Paper Read at the Vith International Aegean Symposiu
A Balkan-Aegean-Anatolian Glyptic Koine in the Neolithic and EBA Periods a paper read at the VIth International Aegean Symposium, Athens, Greece, 31 August-5 September 1987 (meant to have been forthcoming: G. Korres, ed.; slightly cleaned up, 4 January 2009) John G. Younger Duke University Abbreviations The references to excavation reports in the footnotes are, I hope, self-explanatory, abbreviations here follow the standards established by the AJA 90 (1986) 381-394. The plain citation of Roman numerals followed by Arabic numerals refers to the volumes, fascicles, and catalogued seals in the Corpus der minoischen und mykenischen Siegel (= CMS; Berlin 1964 ff.); e.g., II 1.243 refers to seal number 243 in fascicle 1 of CMS vol. II. Numbers preceded by the letter M (e.g., M 249) refer to the catalogue in Makkay's Early Stamp Seals in South-East Europe (Akadémiai Kiadó; Budapest, 1984). Text After a long absence, I have begun turning my attention once more to the seals and other decorated stamps of the Neolithic, Early, and Middle Bronze Ages in the Aegean. In doing so, I think it is valuable to consider equally the products of the Mainland, Crete, and the Islands for thrce major reasons: 1) There are distinct differences between the seals of these three regions, differences of seal- shape, iconography, and style; for instance, the quadripartite designs of the Lerna sealings and the concentric circles of the Cycladic seal impressions. 2) Though there are indeed these distinct differences in the seals from the three regions, there are also many instances where seal shapes, motifs, and styles are shared between regions, either by influence or by actual importing of seals; for instance, the considerable number of quadripartite motifs found both at Lerna and on contemporary (or nearly contemporary) seals from the Messara.