TABLE OF CONTENTS
WELCOME MESSAGE ...... 3 PEACEBUILDING COMMISSION (PBC) ...... 6 General information ...... 6 History ...... 8 Peacebuilding Fund (PBF) ...... 10 Peacebuilding Support Office (PBSO) ...... 11 IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PBC GENDER STRATEGY ...... 12 REGIONAL APPROACH: SAHEL ...... 17 The Sahel ...... 17 The Sahel and the Security Council ...... 18 PBC and the Sahel ...... 20 UN Support Plan for the Sahel ...... 22 REFERENCES ...... 28
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WELCOME MESSAGE
Honorable Delegates,
The Dais of the United Nations Peacebuilding Commission (PBC) welcomes you to the II edition of the New York Model United Nations Conference for Latin America and the Caribbean
(NYMUNLAC 2019). We want to congratulate you for making one of the best and most important decisions in your young lives by accepting the challenge to become a high-level ambassador in the United Nations System. By becoming a part of this simulation, you will have the opportunity to debate and recommend the solutions to the most delicate and complex situations that affect, not only our lives, but the welfare of the international community as a whole.
My name is Luis Eduardo Jiménez and, on this occasion, I will serve as President of this Commission. For me, it is a real pleasure to be able to share this experience with you, that I personally started in 2008 as a delegate, and continued after joining the Volunteer Corps of the
United Nations Association of the Dominican Republic (V-UNADR) in the year 2012, highlighting in a special way my participation in the Conferencia Internacional de Las Américas
(CILA 2017) as Secretary General. In my time as a delegate and volunteer, I have concentrated my participation mainly on issues relating to international peace and security, and I hope to be able to provide you with all the advice you may need to achieve an optimal debate. In the professional side, I have a degree in Law from Universidad Iberoamericana (UNIBE) as a
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member of its “Líderes del Mañana” scholarship program, and I currently work as an Associate at the law firm Jiménez Cruz Peña (JCP) in Santo Domingo.
Joining us as Vice President of this Commission is Mr. José Amado Trinidad. Mr.
Trinidad currently serves as Coordinator of the Programa de Comercio Electronico para
Mipymes, in the Ministry of Industry, Commerce and SMEs (MICM). He started in the world of the United Nations in 2009. In 2012, he joined the volunteer corps of the UNA-DR (V-ANURD) and begins to work directly in the Coordination of Educational Programs for Elementary and
High School, helping to achieve coordination of more than 15 United Nations models such as
CILA, NYDRMUN, MODOSI, among others. He has experience in different model UN as chair in recent events such as CILA 2017, 2018 and NYMUNLAC 2017, 2018.
Additionally, Ms. María Ortiz Polo will be accompanying us as Rapporteur of this
Commission. Ms. Ortiz is an eighteen-year-old student from PrepaTec in Veracruz, Mexico. Her
Model United Nations (MUN) experience started in TECMUN 2017, and after several participations on different MUN’s, she was recognized as Best Delegate in NYMUNLAC 2018.
Moreover, she has been selected as part of the staff of different MUN’s like
GLOBALSENMEXMUN 2018, and has had the honor to be Secretary General in VTECMUN
2018.
This document is a way of guiding you in your study, but you should not limit yourself to continue investigating the topics to be discussed during the Conference. We encourage you to
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study in depth the current issues that directly affect the domestic and foreign policies of the country you will represent. Know that general knowledge of the topics will not be enough to ensure an outstanding performance in this Commission. We will be expecting better than average speeches and discussions; we will demand preparation, a sharp foreign policy, eloquence, motivation, and clear statements.
The topics in agenda in this NYMUNLAC 2019 Peacebuilding Commission are:
• Implementation of the PBC Gender Strategy.
• Regional approach: Sahel.
Position Papers for the aforementioned topics are due April 12, 2019 by 11:59 p.m.
(GMT-4). Any document received after this date, for any reason whatsoever, will be automatically discarded. These papers must be sent to the emails: [email protected] and [email protected], in *.doc or *.pdf format. You may submit your Position Papers at any time before the deadline, and early submissions are encouraged. In case you have any questions or concerns, please do not hesitate to contact us via the indicated emails.
Finally, this Commission, in any moment, may have to discuss an emergency session: an unknown situation that could lead to the breach of the world peace and international security. In that sense, we urge you to keep studying the different topics that constitute part of the agenda of the international community. We look forward to meeting you all soon! It will be an honor for us to moderate your work. We earnestly hope you embrace this opportunity to grow as an agent of change for your society, and impact your surroundings with the acquired knowledge in this
Conference.
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See you in NYMUNLAC!
Luis Eduardo Jiménez Amado Trinidad María Ortiz Polo President Vice President Rapporteur
PEACEBUILDING COMMISSION (PBC)
General information
The Peacebuilding Commission (PBC) is an intergovernmental advisory body that supports peace efforts in conflict affected countries and is a key addition to the capacity of the
International Community in the broad peace agenda. The PBC has the ability to bring together diverse actors, including member states, host governments, the UN system, international financial institutions, regional organizations, and civil society. It can provide advice to repair socio-economic and longer-term development issues, as well as regional dimensions that may impact countries’ stability.
The PBC recognizes the important contribution of civil society, including non- governmental organizations and the private sector, to all stages of peacebuilding efforts, given that one of the main purposes of the Commission is to bring together all relevant actors, in particular national stakeholders.
There are 31 Member States in the PBC. Membership is composed by the following parameters:
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• Seven members elected by the General Assembly;
• Seven members selected by the Security Council;
• Seven members elected by the Economic and Social Council;
• The top five providers of military personnel and civilian police to United Nations missions; and
• The top five providers of assessed contributions to United Nations budgets and of voluntary contributions to the United Nations fund.
Furthermore, the European Union, the International Monetary Fund, the Organization of
Islamic Cooperation, and the World Bank can participate in all meetings of the PBC.
The Commission can also invite to participate in its meetings Member States who are not members of the PBC, representatives of relevant entities of the United Nations system, international financial institutions, regional and sub regional organizations, as well as civil society organizations, including youth and women organizations.
The Peacebuilding Commission consists of two different configurations: The
Organizational Committee and country-specific meetings. The membership of the Organizational
Committee shall select the Chair and Vice-Chairs of the Peacebuilding Commission from among its members for a term of one year.
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Sessions and meetings will be held by the Chair, that will require the Organizational
Committee to assist. The sessions will include the setting of the agenda, issuing of invitations for country-specific meetings and review of the annual report.
The PBC in December 5, 2012 issued through document PBC/1/OC/3/Rev.1 its
Provisional Rules of Procedure.
History
The Peacebuilding Commission was established by the United Nations General Assembly and the Security Council in joint resolutions A/RES/60/180 and S/RES/1645 (2005) of
December 20, 2005. It mandated the PBC:
• to bring together all relevant actors to marshal resources and to advise on and propose integrated strategies for post-conflict peacebuilding and recovery;
• to focus attention on the reconstruction and institution-building efforts necessary for recovery from conflict and to support the development of integrated strategies in order to lay the foundation for sustainable development;
• to provide recommendations and information to improve the coordination of all relevant actors within and outside the United Nations, to develop best practices, to help to ensure predictable financing for early recovery activities and to extend the period of attention given by the international community to post conflict recovery.
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In 2015 the architecture of the PBC was reviewed and in resolutions A/RES/70/262 and
S/RES/2282 (2016), the General Assembly and Security Council also stressed the importance of the Peacebuilding Commission to fulfil the following functions in this regard:
• To bring sustained international attention to sustaining peace, and to provide political accompaniment and advocacy to countries affected by conflict, with their consent;
• To promote an integrated, strategic and coherent approach to peacebuilding, noting that security, development and human rights are closely interlinked and mutually reinforcing.
• To serve a bridging role among the principal organs and relevant entities of the
United Nations by sharing advice on peacebuilding needs and priorities, in line with the respective competencies and responsibilities of these bodies;
• To serve as a platform to convene all relevant actors within and outside the United
Nations, including from Member States, national authorities, United Nations missions and country teams, international, regional and sub regional organizations, international financial institutions, civil society, women’s groups, youth organizations and, where relevant, the private sector and national human rights institutions, in order to provide recommendations and information to improve their coordination, to develop and share good practices in peacebuilding, including on institution-building, and to ensure predictable financing to peacebuilding.
The PBC also comprises the Peacebuilding Fund (PBF) and the Peacebuilding Support
Office (PBSO).
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Peacebuilding Fund (PBF)
Following a request from the General Assembly and the Security Council, the Secretary-
General established the Peacebuilding Fund (PBF) for post-conflict peacebuilding initiatives in
October 2006. The PBF constitutes an essential component of the enhanced UN architecture to provide for a more sustained engagement in support of countries emerging from conflict and support peacebuilding activities which directly contribute to post-conflict stabilization and strengthen the capacity of Governments, national/local institutions and transitional or other relevant authorities.
The PBF is the organization’s financial instrument of first resort to sustain peace in countries or situations at risk or affected by violent conflict. The PBF may invest with UN entities, governments, regional organizations, multilateral banks, national multi-donor trust funds or civil society organizations. From 2006 to 2017, the PBF has allocated $772 million to 41 recipient countries. Since inception, 58-member states contributed to the Fund, 33 in the present
2017-2019 Business Plan. The PBF works across pillars and supports integrated UN responses to fill critical gaps; respond quickly and with flexibility to political opportunities; and catalyze processes and resources in a risk-tolerant fashion. It is currently supporting more than 120 projects in 25 countries by delivering fast, flexible and relevant funding.
The PBF has four main objectives to prevent relapse into a violent conflict and rebuilt countries:
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• Agreements for peace
• Bringing people and governments together
• Creating economic opportunities
• Rebuilding services for citizens
Peacebuilding Support Office (PBSO)
Established in 2005, the Peacebuilding Support Office (PBSO) helps to sustain peace by fostering international support for nationally owned and led peacebuilding efforts. The Office assists and supports the Peacebuilding Commission (PBC), manages the Peacebuilding Fund
(PBF) on behalf of the Secretary-General, and works to enhance system-wide coherence and partnerships with UN and non-UN actors in support of building and sustaining peace in relevant countries. The Office comprises the Peacebuilding Commission Support Branch, the Policy,
Planning and Application Branch and the Financing for Peacebuilding Branch.
It also serves as a facilitator to enhance coherence and collaboration across the peace and security pillar and the wider UN system in support of efforts to build and sustain peace, drawing together expertise to advance coherent system-wide action, policies and guidance and an integrated approach to prevention and sustaining peace. PBSO chairs the Senior Peacebuilding
Group and Peacebuilding Contact Group, bringing together UN entities engaged in peacebuilding activities; and participates in key cross-pillar mechanisms including the Executive
Committee and the UN Sustainable Development Group.
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As part of its engagement in support of peacebuilding policy, strategy and partnerships,
PBSO is working in follow-up to Security Council resolution 2250 (2015) and the recent progress study on youth, peace and security, and is seeking to advance the partnership between the United Nations and the World Bank, including by hosting the dedicated partnership advisory capacity.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PBC GENDER STRATEGY
Adopted during a meeting of the PBC’s Organizational Committee on 7 September 2016, the PBC Gender Strategy defines a series of priority areas of strategic action for PBC’s gender- responsive engagement at the country, regional and global levels, as well as key messages that the PBC should systematically promote. (Lebada, 2016)
In line with its mandate to integrate a gender perspective in all of its work and consult with women’s organizations1, and to ensure a more structural integration of gender perspectives in all its work, the UN Peacebuilding Commission (PBC) decided in the forward agenda set out in its Report on the eighth session (paragraph 71), that, it would develop a strategy to systematically mainstream a gender perspective in all its work, including its country-specific engagement with consent of the host-country (here and after referred to as the “PBC Gender
Strategy”). The objective is to strengthen the Commission’s engagement on gender-related aspects of peacebuilding by ensuring an inclusive approach which takes into account women’s
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perspectives, including their specific needs and promotes gender equality in order to make peacebuilding more effective.
The PBC has adopted a two-step process for the development of its Gender Strategy. The first phase was aimed at capturing existing knowledge, practices and lessons learned and to scale up successful experiences in countries on the PBC’s agenda. A desk review of all substantive
PBC documentation, as well as the PBF Peacebuilding Priority Plans (PPPs) was conducted by
PBSO and UN Women with the purpose of analyzing language on women and gender and to assess the extent to which gender was mainstreamed at the global and country level. Moreover, informal expert-level interviews were conducted with the six country chairs and representatives of the countries on the agenda. The findings were documented in the “Light Review of PBC’s
Engagement on Gender to Date.”
The second phase includes the development of a full-fledged Strategy, informed by the country-based knowledge and analysis undertaken in phase 1 and based on the concept of sustaining peace. The PBC Gender Strategy defines a series of priority areas of strategic action for PBC’s gender-responsive engagement at the country, regional and global levels, as well as key messages that the PBC should systematically promote. Consultations on the draft Strategy were held at the global level as well as in country, with Member States of the PBC, civil society partners, UN missions and country teams.
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In order to ensure the successful implementation of the PBC’s Gender Strategy and its credibility, and to contribute to the overarching goal of promoting gender equality and women’s empowerment, the PBC’s work on gender-responsive peacebuilding is to be guided by the following principles:
Diversity. Women are not a homogenous group, but represent a wide range of roles, such as actors, victims, and also perpetrators. Moreover, people have a variety of identities, inter alia age, urban or rural habitants, socio-economic backgrounds, disability, legal status, etc. This diversity needs to be taken into account when conducting gender-responsive programmes.
National ownership, inclusivity and participation. National ownership and leadership is crucial, as it is “the primary responsibility of national Governments and authorities identify, drive and direct priorities, strategies and activities for sustaining peace and in this regard, inclusivity is key to advancing national peacebuilding processes and objectives in order to ensure that the needs of all segments of society are taken into account.” Efforts should aim at promoting women’s equal participation in all activities to sustain peace at all levels. Furthermore, resolution
2242 (2015) “reiterates the important engagement by men and boys as partners in promoting women’s participation in peacebuilding”. A/RES/70/262 and S/RES/2282 (2016) “reaffirms the important role youth can play in the prevention and resolution of conflicts and as a key aspect of the sustainability, inclusiveness and success of peacebuilding efforts”.
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Coherence In order to promote coherence and prevent fragmentation, while avoiding duplication of efforts, the PBC Gender Strategy takes into account and draws from existing decisions of the Member-States, such as S/RES/1325 and subsequent resolutions, as well as
A/RES/70/262 and S/RES/2282, S/RES/2250, the Report of the Special Committee on
Peacekeeping Operations (A/70/19) and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
General objectives of the PBC Gender Strategy:
Ensure the consideration of a focus on gender dimensions of peacebuilding in all PBC meetings
Promote the question of women’s equal participation and gender equality in discussions with high-level national stakeholders and all other partners
Identify and update overall priorities for women’s equal participation and gender equality as necessary, advisably at least on an annual basis (based on needs, gaps and opportunities)
Ensure inclusion of gender analysis and gender specific priority areas in all substantive
PBC documents and their updates
Consult with all key regional national and local stakeholders, including national governments, civil society organizations and women’s’ and men’s groups to facilitate their participation in priority setting and solicit their feedback on peacebuilding priorities and plans
Avail of the expertise and experience of national gender institutions and UN Country
Team on a regular basis, especially those engaged in gender-responsive peacebuilding
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Promote coherence within UN system by holding regular consultations with relevant
UN entities and following up on the PBC advice.
Involve relevant regional and UN actors, recognized think tanks, research institutes and practitioners in PBC meetings to share experiences on gender equality.
Include as necessary considerations about the gender dimension of impacts of events on ground in PBC statements.
Advocate where relevant for gender experts to be available as well as for the development of gender-responsive peacebuilding programmes
Convene biannual expert-level meeting, facilitated by a Gender Focal Point in order to:
- Bring together relevant actors and share knowledge.
- Identify and update overall and “Country-specific priority areas of PBC’s
gender-responsive peacebuilding engagement” as necessary, advisably at least on an
annual basis (based on needs, gaps and opportunities).
- elaborate steps to strategically integrate key issues in the work of the PBC
and track the progress of its implementation
- suggest for consideration of the PBC members a yearly sub-theme on gender-
responsive peacebuilding for the substantive PBC meeting as discussed by experts.
(Peacebuilding Commission, 2016)
The PBC’s strategy seeks to strengthen its engagement on gender-related aspects of peacebuilding by ensuring an inclusive approach that accounts for women’s perspectives and
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specific needs, and promotes gender equality in order to make peacebuilding more effective.
(Lebada, 2016)
REGIONAL APPROACH: SAHEL
The Sahel
The Sahel is a semiarid belt region of Africa extending from Senegal to Sudan, between the Atlantic Ocean to the west and the Red Sea to the east, and the Sahara to the north and the
Sudanian Savanna to the south. This region includes whole or part of the following countries:
Senegal, the Gambia, Guinea, Mauritania, Mali, Burkina Faso, Algeria, Niger, Nigeria, Chad,
Sudan, South Sudan, Eritrea, Cameroon, Central African Republic, and Ethiopia; covering an area of approximately 3,053,200 square kilometers or 1,178,850 square miles. As well as having a population of more than 300 million, and with abundant opportunities with its natural, geographical, demographical and cultural assets.
As a whole, it faces many complex and interconnected challenges; including food and agricultural crises, extreme poverty, insecurity and political instability, extremism and terrorist activities, fragile economies, inequality, human rights abuses, limited access to basic services, high unemployment rate, etc. This is why the United Nations as a whole, with the agencies and programs that comprise the United Nations system, are discussing and looking for solutions to the situations in the Sahel countries as a regional approach.
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In 2013, through the Report of the Secretary General on the Situation in the Sahel Region
(S/2013/354), the United Nations Integrated Strategy for the Sahel (UNISS) framework was set.
The Strategy concentrates on three broad areas of support framed as strategic goals; where strategic goal one is inclusive and effective governance throughout the region is enhanced, strategic goal two is national s regional security mechanisms are capable of addressing cross- border threats, and strategic goal three is humanitarian and development plans and interventions are integrated to building long-term resilience. These strategic goals are divided into a series of specific objectives and indicative actions that form a regional and integrated approach to the challenges mentioned beforehand.
In order to reach a consensus on the UNISS, the Secretary General convened a high-level meeting on the Sahel, at the 68th UN General Assembly, where all countries of the region, as well as donor countries and institutions, expressed their support for the strategy and emphasized its importance. Moreover, the Secretary General, the Chairperson of the African Union, the
President of the World Bank, the President of the African Development Bank and the European
Development Commissioner jointly visited the Sahel in November 2013, highlighting the challenges and opportunities for the implementation of the strategy and mobilized resources and political support.
The Sahel and the Security Council
The Security Council (SC) has been discussing the Sahel on a regional approach and in country specific situations for more than a decade. In resolution 2056 (2012), the SC called upon
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the Secretary General to develop and implement a United Nations integrated strategy for the
Sahel region that encompassed security, governance, development, human rights and humanitarian issues. Additionally, in resolution 2071 (2012), the SC welcomed the appointment by the Secretary General of a Special Envoy for the Sahel in October 2012 and expected him to engage actively in defining the parameters of a comprehensive solution to the Malian situation.
More recently, in December 20, 2018, the SC meet to discuss the UNISS as an integrated response to peacebuilding and sustaining peace in the Sahel.
Furthermore, the SC has been working for the past years to resolve the situations of countries that are part of the Sahel region that threaten international peace and security, like
Mali, Sudan, South Sudan, and the Central African Republic. Resolutions of the SC on these country specific situations are important to review in order to better framework the recommendations for the regional approach.
The SC has also tasked the PBC to advice the Council on the regional approach to the
Sahel and to discuss and review the implementation of the UNISS and the reports written on the
Sahel situation by the Secretary General and the Special Envoy of the region. Additionally, the
SC reviews and discusses the yearly Report of the PBC, which includes the work of the PBC in regards to the Sahel region.
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PBC and the Sahel
The PBC has recently started addressing the cross-border and regional issues in both the
Great Lakes region and in the Sahel region.
On June 28, 2017, a Joint Meeting of the PBC and the Economic and Social Council
(ECOSOC) occurred to discuss the Situation in the Sahel. The meeting brought together high- level representatives of Member States from both bodies, and from the African region, including the Group of Five for the Sahel (Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Mauritania and Niger), and representatives of the United Nations system. The informal summary of the joint meeting expresses that “The meeting came as a response to the desire of Member States to bridge between peace and development challenges and promote an integrated approach to crises, building on the 2016 Joint Meeting on the 2030 Agenda and Sustaining Peace. In this context, the meeting sought to deliberate on the multi-dimensional challenges and address the root causes and drivers of conflict that pertain to the social, economic and environmental factors in the Sahel region.”
The importance of this enhanced discussion by the PBC and ECOSOC was emphasized because it strengthened coherence between the United Nations peace and security efforts and its development, human rights and humanitarian work.
The Deputy Secretary General, Amina Mohammed, participated in the Joint Meeting and in her remarks portrayed that “In order to achieve peace and sustainable development, and to shift from delivering humanitarian aid to reducing and ending humanitarian needs, we must
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tackle the root causes of conflict and crises. These are found in discrimination, human rights violations, weak governance, conflict, and the impact of climate change. Only a collective, integrated and inclusive approach, owned and led by the countries of the region, will support sustained progress towards the lasting peace and development that are so urgently needed in the
Sahel.”
The Deputy SG added that “These are some of the challenges and opportunities we face as we seek to build sustainable peace and development in the Sahel. As I had the privilege of telling the Security Council earlier this year: the cost of inaction and failure in this region is high. Poverty, weak institutions, discrimination and violence against women including abhorrent practices like child marriage, are creating an environment conducive to extremism.”
On January 31, 2018, the PBC presented its yearly Report of the PBC on its eleventh session, to the General Assembly on its seventy-second session, and to the Security Council on its seventy-third year. In the report, the PBC exposed the work of the Commission on 2017, including its work on the Sahel region.
The PBC expressed in its Report that: “In response to a request made by the Council, the
Commission held a meeting on 6 March to discuss the situation in the Sahel. The Special
Representative of the Secretary-General for West Africa and the Sahel, the High Representative of the African Union for Mali and the Sahel, the Permanent Secretary of the Group of Five for the Sahel (G-5 Sahel), the European Union Special Representative for the Sahel and
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representatives of UNDP and the Peacebuilding Support Office briefed the Commission. Several speakers highlighted the importance of a regional approach in addressing cross-border challenges and strengthening partnerships. In that connection, the Commission recognized the unique role of the Peacebuilding Fund in supporting cross-border peacebuilding initiatives in the region. The
Commission encouraged efforts to enhance coordination and cooperation among the countries in the region, the United Nations and other regional and international actors. A number of members highlighted the need to go beyond the peace and security response and strengthen development and humanitarian assistance to effectively address the challenges facing the Sahel region.”
The review of the yearly reports of the PBC are of the upmost importance to participate in this simulation of the PBC, including the report to be published on the year 2018 at the start of
2019.
UN Support Plan for the Sahel
In May 2018, the United Nations presented its “UN Support Plan for the Sahel, working together for a prosperous and peaceful Sahel”, encompassing 10 countries in the region: Burkina
Faso, Cameroon, Chad, the Gambia, Guinea, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria and Senegal. The
Support Plan covers the period from 2018-2030 in order to achieve the 2030 Agenda for
Sustainable Development and the African Union Agenda 2063.
The Support Plan has been designed as an instrument to foster the coordination and implementation under the UNISS framework and Security Council Resolution 2391 (2017); and
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is built around six priority areas: cross-border cooperation, prevention and sustaining peace, inclusive growth, climate action, renewable energy, and women and youth empowerment. All while focusing on a regional approach to the solution of the challenges that the Sahel faces.
The risks to a prosperous and peaceful Sahel identified in the Support Plan are the following:
• Radicalization, violent extremism and terrorist attacks;
• High poverty, limited access to social services and weak public-sector performance;
• Strengthened institutional capacity, enforcement of the rule of law and improved regulatory quality;
• Gender based violence and inequalities;
• 19 different regional strategies from different institutions;
• Climate change; and
• High energy deficit.
Furthermore, the lessons from UNISS implementation from 2013 to 2018, are described as the following:
• Scaling up the absorptive capacity of the countries in the region;
• Promoting the humanitarian-development nexus and its linkages to peace;
• Dealing with the challenging operational environment;
• Triggering investment and private sector engagement in the region;
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• Ensuring coherence, coordination and strengthened partnership for the Sahel;
• Diversifying sources of development assistance based on predictable funding and innovation solutions for the Sahel;
• Aligning strategies, programmes and funding with national priorities and the needs of the Sahel population; and
• Participatory assessment and monitoring of progress and impact for increased accountability and better results.
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PROCEDURE AND VOTING OF FINAL DOCUMENTS MANUAL
The following is a brief explanation of the procedure to be used during the simulation of this committee at NYMUNLAC 2019. It is important to note that the rules of procedure and the short-sheet are found in the NYMUNLAC 2019 Delegate Handbook for your convenience. The process is:
1. The President will offer an introductory speech and clarify doubts prior to the start of the work sessions.
2. The Rapporteur will verify the attendance of the delegations, and will announce the number of countries present, informing the number of votes that mark the simple majority (half plus 1).
3. The President opens the forum for the realization of motions according to the general regulation of NYMUNLAC 2019, to confirm the beginning of the speeches and the establishment of the time of the speeches.
4. The President proceeds to establish the Order of Precedence to speak selected from those countries that wish to be added to the List of Speakers.
5. The President announces the presentation of the Speeches by the Member States and calls each country according to the Order of Precedence. Each delegation has a time to determine, with (1) minute as a recommendation, to present its Discourse with reference to the position of the represented country with respect to the subject in question.
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6. The President announces the start of the Moderated Discussions to choose the main points and the perspective on which the draft resolution will be drafted. The countries remain in their places and present their comments through interventions selected by the Presidency.
What is the document resulting from the debate?
7. After the Moderated Discussions, the delegates will meet in Informal Discussions to work in Working Groups corresponding to each of the work perspectives detailed by the committee that will be included in the final document to be carried out for each topic, called
Project of Resolution.
8. The working groups continue their discussions during the development of the subject in question, being able at any moment to restart the Moderated Discussions and alternate them with the Informals at the decision of the majority.
9. During this process, the groups must draft written drafts of the Statements, and hand it over to the President to begin the voting process.
10. The proposals of the working groups will be presented to the Committee so that the delegates can discuss them and clarify doubts and propose clauses to improve the document.
What is the voting procedure of a statement?
11. When the draft resolution is ready, the delegations will propose to start the voting process. When proceeding to vote on a draft statement, the President will initiate a vote by general voting, asking which delegations wish to vote for, against and who wish to abstain by raising their placard.
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If deemed necessary, delegations may request a vote by: to. Acclamation: which refers to the Presidency simply asking "if any Delegation opposes", in case there is no opposition, it is understood that the draft statement is approved unanimously. b. Individual vote: which refers to the presidency calling country by country so that they can express their vote individually.
12. The President announces the result of the vote indicating the number of votes being approved by consensus or by majority, then the said document is formally called a Statement.
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REFERENCES
ECOSOC (2017). Joint Meeting of ECOSOC and the PBC on the Situation in Sahel. Retrieved
January 20, 2019 in https://www.un.org/ecosoc/en/events/2017/joint-meeting-ecosoc-
and-pbc-situation-sahel
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January 20, 2019 in https://www.enca.com/africa/focusing-on-security-alone-will-not-
bring-peace-to-sahel-region
Peacebuilding Commission (5 December 2012). Provisional rules of procedure of the
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http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=PBC/1/OC/3/Rev.1
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https://www.securitycouncilreport.org/research-reports/the-peacebuilding-commission-
and-the-security-council-from-cynicism-to-synergy.php
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in https://www.securitycouncilreport.org/peacebuilding-including-the-pbc/
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06/peacebuilding_and_sustaining_peace_1.php
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https://undocs.org/S/RES/1645%20(2005)
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crises
United Nations (2017). Joint Meeting of the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) and the
Peacebuilding Commission (PBC) The Situation in the Sahel. Retrieved January 20, 2019
in https://www.un.org/ecosoc/sites/www.un.org.ecosoc/files/files/en/2017doc/ecosoc-
pbc-joint-meeting-summary.pdf
United Nations (2018). Partnerships, Investment Required to Unleash Potential of Sahel’s 41
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