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ХРИСТОС BOCKPEC - CHRIST IS RISEN Easter greetings of Soviets condemn Ukrainian Catholic U.S. resolution hierarchy in U.S. on lUillennium "In a few days you will be baptized in the WASHINGTON - Ten deputies of Holy Spirit.., You will receive power from the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian the Holy Spirit when He comes down upon Soviet Socialist Republic recently you." (Easter Epistle-Acts 1.5 and 8) condemned a U.S. Congressional reso­ lution that denounces the Soviet govern­ Christ is risen! ment's suppression of religious freedom in Ukraine and discourages the official Dear Brothers and Sisters in Christ: participation of the United States in any On the feast of the glorious Resurrec­ official Millennium ceremonies in the tion of Christ, the Church prescribes Soviet Union. reading the Epistle wherein Christ In a three-page letter addressed to speaks of the Holy Spirit: "You will be Vice-President George Bush (President baptized in the Holy Spirit...You will pro-tempore of the Senate) and Speaker receive power from the Holy Spirit," It of the U.S. House of Representatives may appear that the faithful should Jim Wright, the signatories charge that reflect upon these words on Pentecost the "biased character" of the joint rather than Easter. Why, then, has Holy resolution carries "groundless" state­ Mother Church designated this particu­ ments on violations of the Universal lar Epistle for Christ's Resurrection? Declaration of Human Rights and that The respjendent feast of Christ's "no people here (in Ukraine) are impri­ Resurrection is not only a commemora­ soned or persecuted for their religious tion or remembrance of an historical convictions." event which transpired nearly 2,000 Labeling the joint resolution (S. J. 235 years ago, but the Resurrection is also a passed on March 4; while H.J. 429, with constant reality for Christ is with us "always, until the end of the world" more than 130 sponsors, is still waiting (Mat. 28:20); He is always among us for a vote) reminiscent of the "cold war" and He is "the same yesterday, today, period, the Soviet Ukrainian letter and forever" (Heb. 13:8), Our Divine declares that the U.S. document runs Savior rose from the tomb and all those counter to the "positive changes" that who believe in Him rise with Him are beginning to "take shape in Soviet- elevated to a new life. In our Easter American relations." Matins, we sing: "Yesterday, we were Both the underground Ukrainian buried with You, О Christ; today, we Catholic Church and the outlawed arise resurrected with You" (3rd Song), Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox We rise with the Resurrected Savior by Church are severely attacked and iden­ the power of the most Holy and Life- Ukrainian Easter eggs, or pysanky, appeared in Washington by the hun­ tified as "collaborationists of foreign giving Spirit. dreds as part of the "Pysanka Project" organized by the National Committee oppressors" and "zealous underlings of One thousand years ago, our fore­ to Commemorate the Millennium of Christianity in Ukraine. (For a photo Nazi invaders" in the undated letter, fathers resurrected with Christ, and follow-up to last week's story, see centerfold.) (Continued on page 11) today in this Millennium Year, we resurrect with Him to a new life in the Holy Spirit. Baptized with "water and Vatican delegation, not pope, to travel to USSR the Spirit," our ancestors accepted the ROME - Pope John Paul II will not officials of the Russian Orthodox Pope John Paul II to visit the USSR. Holy Spirit whose fruits are love, joy, travel to the Soviet Union for official Church. He then repeated the pope's previous peace, patience, kindness, goodness, commemorations of the Millennium of The 40-page letter contains what the insistence that a trip to the Soviet Union faithfulness, gentleness, self-control," Christianity in Kievan Rus\ However, a New York Times described as "a reli­ would have to include pastoral visits to says St. Paul (Gal. 5:22-23). The first Vatican delegation, to be named by the gious and historical analysis of the Lithuania and Ukraine. In the past, among these fruits is love. pontiff in the near future, will journey to conversion to Christianity of the Soviet authorities have refused to grant Our liturgical rubrics direct the the USSR in June. Eastern Slavic people after the baptism permission for these visits. faithful to be reconciled during the Though it is known that Millennium of Prince Vladimir of Kiev in the year The National Catholic News Service singing of the Paschal verses, that is to celebrations are being organized by the 988." in Washington and the Ukrainian greet one another with a holy kiss of Russian Orthodox Church in Moscow The letter also noted the "sufferings Catholic Metropolitan's Chancery in love (Easter Triodion, Lviv, 1907) This and other cities, it is not known to which bravely faced, not infrequently unto the Philadelphia, when contacted by The is to be a kiss of peace, forgiveness and cities, other than Moscow, the Vatican supreme test of blood," by Christians of Weekly, each said they had no further evangelical love for our neighbor in delegation will travel. the East. information on the Vatican delegation's whom we see Jesus Christ. Enlivened Russian Orthodox Metropolitan The Vatican's decision to send a itinerary in the USSR. with this love, we sing with heart and Filaret of Kiev had extended an invita­ delegation to official Millennium cele­ , The Vatican's Embassy in Washing­ voice the Paschal verse: "Today is the tion to the Soviet ceremonies when he brations was announced on March 22 ton also had no additional information, day of Resurrection; let us be en­ spoke on March 18 with two Roman by Cardinal Johannes Willebrands, and the secretary to the papal nuncio, lightened with the Resurrection; let us churchmen visiting Moscow to deliver a head of the Secretariat for Christian the Rev. Timothy Dolan, told The embrace one another in joy and say: 'O copy of Pope John Paul's most recent Unity. Weekly that he did not know when the brothers and enemies too, we forgive all apostolic letter, "Euntes in Mundum" The cardinal stated that this year was Vatican was expected to announce the (Continued on page 16) ("Go Into All the World"), to senior "not the most appropriate time" for delegation members or their itinerary. THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 3,1988 No. 14

A GLIMPSE OF SOVIET REALITY Ukrainian Christians plan to mark Millennium with June celebrations Ukrainian writer denounces Stalin, LONDON - Spectacular celebra­ Ministry of Cults, but they replied that tions are being planned for the summer as far as they were concerned we did not Khrushchev and Brezhnev periods of this year by Ukrainian Christians in exist and should, therefore, disband by Bohdan Nahaylo to avoid putting the full blame for the the USSR in honor of the Millennium ourselves." famine in Ukraine of 1932-33 on Stalin, of Christianity in Ukraine, according to When questioned by journalists what A Ukrainian writer has made what is it is clear from his other references to a February 18 report in the Italian further steps Ukrainian Catholics will probably one of the most outspoken this tragedy that he considers the famine newspaper II Messaggero. be taking, Mr. Неї replied: "We will denunciations of Stahn and his heirs to have been a man-made phenomenon The Ukrainian Press Agency report­ gather even more signatures and will ed that the newspaper published a story ever heard at a gathering of Ukrainian and therefore a crime on a colossal pass our demands to the pope through by its Moscow correspondent who said Communist Party activists. scale. diplomatic channels. In January we that the head of the Committee for the In a speech apparently given earlier Describing an event that until quite began publishing a monthly journal Defense of the Ukrainian Catholic this month at a meeting of the party recently was even denied by Soviet [Khrystyiansky Holos, or Christian Church, Ivan Неї, had presented a new members of the Kiev organization of the authors ever to, have taken place, he Voicel and are preparing big open petition of the chairman of the Presi­ Ukrainian Writers' Union and repro­ called it "famine-starvation" (holodo- celebrations for the month of June." mor), "a cruel famine," and a "famine dium of the USSR Supreme Soviet, on duced in the February 18 issue of The report quoted Mr. Неї as saying on a mass scale." At one point, pre­ February 17. Literaturna Ukraina, Oleksa Musiyenko that despite interference by the police, sumably having Ukraine's 7 million war It was signed by 5,451 believers with a called Stalin "a monster" and blames Ukrainian Catholics are mobilizing dead in mind as well, he spoke of the demand to: "renew the legal position of him for "the famine-starvation" of 1932- themselves. In the Lviv area alone, there Ukrainian nation's "holocausts of our Church because the existence of the 33 in Ukraine and the destruction of the are 300 priests. Most work in the Ivano- Ukrainian cultural and political elite millions." Ukrainian Catholic Church in the cata­ combs contradicts Article 52 of the Frankivske, Ternopil, Zakarpattia, that spearheaded the process of "Ukrai- Mr. Musiyenko also recounted in Volyn and Chernivtsi regions. In Lviv nianization" during the 1920s and early graphic detail the terrible toll taken by Soviet Constitution." The Ukrainian Catholic Church has been illegal since there is a secret seminary with 25 candi­ I930s.^^^----.^-^-.-^-^ - \^-^^--. Stalin's terror generally, and in Ukraine dates. That is not all, however. Mr. Musir in particular. Among the examples he 1946, but stillhas a large following. yenko also described with the same gave of the great destruction wrought According to II Messaggero, Mr. Неї Three bishops have emerged from the frankness Stalin's accumulation of by Stalin in the republic, he revealed was reported as saying: "On December underground, amopg them^Bis)^ power in the 1920s and assesses with the that of 193 members and candidate 21, 1987, we presented a petition signed Volodymyr Terniuk, who is regi^-ft^d Ш 8аще bpldp^ssj^he^K and members of the Ukrainian Writers' by 2,000 believers, which was accepted Lviv as the assistant to the head of the by the Pre^dji^. (J^^^ occasion the Ukrainian Catholic Church, Cardinal ''Bre2d:itiev:periQd^p v-^ Union in 1934, 97 were "repressed" and later rehabilitated. He also made it clear petition signed by S,l51 believers has Мугфк^^ who lives in not been accepted. We were told that feonie. Other bishops are still actiyi in Why did Skrypnyk shoot himself? that an unspecified number of others have still to be rehabilitated. this was an affair administered by the the underground. Mr. Musiyenko began his address - Significantly, the speaker referred to Literaturna Ukraina devoted two full the cultural victims of Stalin's terror in pages to it - by posing the question: Ukraine as "Rozstrilyane Vidrodzhen- Under influence of Soviet glasnost Why did the most prominent Ukrainian nia" (the executed renaissance), which Communist leader of his day, Mykola is how the Ukrainian cultural revival is Poles openly discuss Katyn massacre Skrypnyk, shoot himself on July 7, referred to by Ukrainian emigres after 1933?. Skrypiiyk, tbawgh branded pQst- the title of an antholdgfby that name NEW YORK-The Katyn massacre press publicized the debate about the humously as a national-deviationist, compiled by Yuriy Lavrirvenko and of 15,000 PoUsh officers by ^he Soviet perpetrators of the massacre - with the was later rehabilitated under Khrush­ published in Paris in 1959. Army during World War II has emerjged apprbvai of the Polish Communist chev. Yet, as Mr. Musiyenko pointed as a topic of discussion in Poland under Party and no objections from Moscow. out, since then hardly anything substan­ ''Dictatorship" began in mid-1920s the influence of the Kremlin's policy of The new attitudes, wrote The Tri­ tial has appeared in Ukraine about this glasnost, or openness. bune, are part of an effort by the Polish old Bolshevik and national Communist, What is also unusual about Mr. According to The New York City and Soviet Communist leaders to set who is identified with the Ukrainian Musiyenko's treatment of Stalin is that Tribune, after decades of official Polish bilateral relations on a more candid national assertiveness of the 1920s and the Soviet leader's abuse of power and silence, parliamentarians and intellec­ foundation. early 1930s. his perversion of Leninism are des­ tuals are being quoted in the official Last April, Polish leader Gen. Woj- The writer replied that among the cribed as having begun not at the end of Polish press as saying that Soviet leader ci^ch Jaruzelski an4 Soviet General plausible explanations for Skrypnyk's the 1920s, as is generally done by Soviet Joseph Stalin and KGB chief Lavrenti Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev agreed to suicide are "the cruel famine" in Ukraine historians, but as early as 1924 - that Beria are responsible for the І939 mass apply glasnost to Polish-Soviet rela­ in the wihter of 1932-33, Stalin's "fierce is, almost immediately after Lenin's murder. tions. They agreed that no "blank spots" attacks" on the policy of "Ukrainiani- death. Katyn is the site of a mass grave of should remain in the relationship, arid a zation," and Lazar Kaganovich's cam­ The writer stressed that with Lenin more than 4,000 Polish officers cap­ 24-member cpnimissipr^ was appointed; paign against the Communist Party of removed from the scene "the norms of tured by the Soviet Army in 1939. Each to review "all epi^des, even dramatic Western Ukraine, which was defended Party life" that had been upheld by him was shot in the back of the head. The ones," in their mutual history. by Skrypnyk in his capacity as one of "very quickly began to be ignored," and graves of another 11,000 captured Parliamentary Deputy Ryszard Ben­ the leaders of the Comintern. he mentioned that even Lenin's Testa­ officers were never found. der first raised the Katyn issue when he ment was suppressed. Instead, "a Stalin and his successors, as well as spoke to the Sejm (Parliament, wrote A warning against Stalinism method of bossism, disregard for collec­ Poland's postwar Communist leader­ The New York City Tribune, "The word tive thought, [and] undisguised auto­ ship, blamed the Nazis for the Katyn Katyn must be pronounced in this high Mr. Musiyenko argued that Skry­ cracy" began to be legalized. Anyone massacre and had banned public discus­ chamber," he said. "The honor of the pnyk shot himself as "a demonstrative who dared to have his own view or sion about it. Polish nation, its martyrdom during the protest against the introduction of the question Stalin's "genial" line "im­ But, in March, the official Polish (Continued on page 13) idolatry of Stalin and as a mute curse on mediately became his mortal enemy." those who were deviating from Leni­ Pretexts were then found to brand such nism." He emphasized that in the early people "oppositionists" or "opportu­ 1920s, Skrypnyk - a defender of the nists," to make them "a public ana­ FOUNDED 1933 rights of the non-Russian republics — thema," and in this way destroy them Ukrainian Weerli had openly challenged Stalin's line on politically. the nationalities question and upheld By relying on "criminal" means and An English-language Ukrainian newspaper published by the Ukrainian National the principles set out by Lenin in his last the support of opportunities syco­ Association Inc., a non-profit association, at 30 Montgomery St., Jersey City, N.J. years. phants, as well as by claiming various 07302. After this, Mr. Musiyenko explained, "victories" on the economic front relations between the two men were despite the fact that they "cost the Second-class postage paid at Jersey City, N.J. 07302. "complicated" if not "antagonistic," for population unwarranted sacrifices," (ISSN ^ 0273-9348) Stalin was never to forgive the Ukrai­ Stalin, according to Mr. Musiyenko, nian Bolshevik and rival "theoretician "cleared a.path for himself to a dicta­ Yearly subscription rate: S8; for UNA глеглЬег5 - S5. of the nationalities question." tor's throne." Also published by the UNA: Svoboda. a Ukrainian-language daily newspaper. In fact, differences between the two The Weekly and Svoboda: UNA: men were also to arise over "the ques­ Khrushchev and de-Stalinization (201) 434-0237, -0807, -3036 (201)451-2200 tion of cultural construction, the for­ cible collectivization in the villages, and Turning to the post-Stalin period, Postmaster, send address Editor: Roma Hadzewycz especially over the voluntaristic grain Mr. Musiyenko described the tremen­ changes to: Associate Editors: procurements in the fall of 1932, which dous impact that Khrushchev's Secret The Ukrainian Weekly Marta Kolomayets and Chrystyna Lapychak became one of the reasons for the Speech had on his generation. He P.O. Box 346 Midwest Correspondent: Marianna Liss massive famine in Ukraine." recalled that afterwards he and many Jersey City. 'N.J. 07303 other young people had asked how it Stalin's crimes in Ukraine was possible to continue "to suffer such The Ukrainian Weekly, April 3, 1988, No. 14, Vol. LVI a monster" as Stalin in "Lenin's Party." Copyright 1988 by The Ukrainian Weekly Although Mr. Musiyenko is careful (Continued on page 14) No. 14 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 3,1988

The call of conscience: Rudenkos describe genesis of their dissent by Cfarystyna N. Lapychak agit-prop," for smuggling her husband's poetry out "My biography, as for a Communist, could be of labor camp. viewed as exemplary. I grew up in a coal miner JERSEY CITY, N.J. - "Our impression of (the "There was nothing, in our so-called crimes, family. Early on I entered Kiev University, but in Ukrainian community in) America is such that it is other than a struggle for the Ukrainian language, 1939, when I was 18 years old, I was mobilized into much better than we ever expected...it is as if I were Ukrainian culture, freedom of the Ukrainian and the (Red) Army. I had already been accepted into not in a foreign country," declared Mykola universal word," said the poet. "A person without the party when I was 18 years old, when I became a Rudenko during a rather informal interview with the word is no longer a free person. party candidate. I was accepted in the coal mine the staff of The Weekly and Svoboda last month. "There were many periods in my life, however, where my father was killed...and later I was trained The dissident poet and his wife, Raisa, came to when I thought completely differently and was a as an apparatchik. the newspapers' offices here to discuss their totally different person. (Continued on page 12) experiences, past and present, their friends and fellow human rights activists, and their feelings about Ukrainians in the West. "I lived in a foreign country," he said, "in the deep regions of Siberia, this was truly a foreign coun­ try...but we arrived here and there are so many Ukrainians...it's as if this is a Ukrainian republic, and the rest is only paysage. To this paysage belong all whom we cannot understand, and we cannot understand the English language. "This is the paysage, but the true republic, as you can see, consists of Ukrainians, and there are enough of them, enough for fraternizing, enough to live an intellectual and spiritual life," said the 68- year-old bard and former Ukrainian Helsinki Group chairman. During the interview, Mr. Rudenko described in great detail how and why he became active in the human and national rights movements after years of faithful service to the Communist Party. "This was a matter of language, a matter of culture, a matter of poetry, and a matter of the Helsinki Group," the former political prisoner said of his dissident activity in the 1970s. Mr. Rudenko served seven years in a strict- regimen labor camp and three years in Siberian exile on charges of "anti-Soviet agitation and propaganda," mostly for his leadership of the Ukrainian Helsinki Group, which he co-founded in November 1976. The 48-year-old Mrs. Rudenko served five years in a Mordovian labor camp for ima Hadzewycz women and one year's exile, also for "anti-Soviet Mykola and Raisa Rudenko during their informal interview with editors of Svoboda and The Weekly. їда ргоїезГоКсІїоп Й^^ Helsinki Group's External Representation in war crimes case against Demjanjulc is ready to resume its active role TORONTO - Between 3,500 and casts serious doubt on his identification NEW YORK - In ac.- rdance Mr. Rudenko, a co-founder of the 4,000 persons, according to police by five Holocaust survivors as a noto­ with the directives of the recently Ukrainian Helsinki Group and one­ estimates, marched through the streets rious guard at the Treblinka death camp renewed Ukrainian Helsinki Group, time head of that organization, who of Toronto on Sunday, March 20, to known as "Ivan the Terrible." The the External Representation of the emigrated to the West in late 1987, protest obstruction of justice in the Nazi defense just recently obtained docu­ Ukrainian Helsinki Group based in was elected chairman of the External war crimes case of John Demjanjuk, ments that had been in the possession of New York has reasserted its responsi­ Representation of the Ukrainian who now awaits the verdict of an Israeli the U.S. Justice Department's Nazi- bility as the UHG's spokesgroup in Helsinki, with Mr. Plyushch and Ms. court. hunting agency, the Office of Special the West. Svitlychna serving as vice-chairper­ After a prayer service at Queen's Investigations, which show that more During a meeting on Tuesday, sons. Park, the protesters marched to Nathan than 20 survivors of Treblinka could March 22, in New York City, mem­ The External Representation will Philips Square, where a rally in defense not identify Mr. Demjanjuk as "Ivan." bers of the External Representation, "represent the Ukrainian Helsinki of the former autoworker from Cleve­ "We're hoping to show the world, Mykola Rudenko, Leonid Plyushch Group in the International Helsinki land was held. Many waved placards Canadians and Americans and where- and Nadia Svitlychna, decided it was Federation and before the govern­ and chanted "Justice for Demjanjuk." ever the word will be heard, that John their responsibility to reactivate the ments, parliaments and public orga­ One purpose of the demonstration Demjanjuk is an innocent man," said group, whose activities had lulled nizations of signatory states of the was to draw attention to new evidence the defendant's son, John Demjanjuk since the death one year ago of its Helsinki Accords." obtained by the Demjanjuk defense that (Continued on page 15) chairman. Gen. Petro Grigorenko. (Continued on page 11) Vienna Conference hits snag on rig/its VIENNA — The continuing Vienna glasnost, he said, was not in evidence in Conference reviewing implementation Vienna, and the Soviet negotiators were of the Helsinki Accords on security and "as consistently reluctant to move (on cooperation in Europe, went into recess human rights) as they were in the on Friday, March 25, with little pro­ Brezhnev era." gress on human rights issues. The meeting of 32 European states, The Vienna Follow-Up Conference the United States, Canada and the on Security and Cooperation in Europe USSR, did make some progress on the (CSCE) had begun in November 1986 issues of conventional arms in Europe. and had been expected to end several However, the disparity in progress months ago. The talks' conclusion has between humanitarian and arms issues been delayed, however, because of is significant, The New York Times continuing serious differences on hu­ reported, because talks between Eastern manitarian issues. and Western military blocs cannot con­ The New York Times quoted Warren clude until humanitarian issues are re­ Zimmermann, chief of the U.S. delega­ solved. tion to the Vienna conference, as saying, Last February, the North Atlantic "We have made very little progress Treaty Organization and the Warsaw during a round which could have given Fact decided to place their preparations us a critical impulse forwaid." for new negotiations on conventional Ambassador Zimmermann noted forces in Europe under the aegis of the that the Soviet Union has been "stalling Vienna CSCE. Since then, representa­ and stonewalling" on human rights and tives of the 15 NATO allies and eight й4 'from leb humanitarian questions. The spirit of (Continued on fiage 15) ' arcl Nislin.^. THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY. APRIL 3,1988 No. 14

Philadelphia City Council OKs resolution ^KHAIHIAHV^ i^Pl Who, what, when, where and why...

Parma cathedral to erect mosaic PARMA, Ohio - In honor of the arch of the mosaic, as He blesses Ss. Millennium of the Baptism of Ukraine, Vladimir and Olha, as well as the entire the members of St. Vladimir's Ukrai­ Ukrainian nation. Beneath the Lord's nian Orthodox Cathedral here have hands stands St. Vladimir, patron saint selected a most impressive project — to of the parish, with a cross symbolizing erect a mosaic scene of the Baptism of faith and a shield bearing a trident, the Ukraine over three entrance doors to emblem of Prince Vladimir and U- the cathedral. The mosaic, which will kraine. To the right of St. Vladimir measure 40 feet in length and 15 feet in stands the blessed Olha holding a Dr. Bohdan Hnatiuk, president of the Philadelphia Branch of the National height, will cost over S 100,000. It was church, a symbol of the founders of the Committee to Commemorate the Millennium of Christianity in Ukraine, designed by Marcioni Studios< of Can­ Church. presents Joseph E. Coleman, president of Philadelphia City Council, ton, Ohio. Under the left arch stand the priests Sviatoslav Hordynsky's monograph on Ukrainian icons. The presentation The mosaic is an ancient art form and bishops who have enlightened the was made on February 18, on the occasion of the City Council's dating back to the Church of the Tithes nation and retained the best of Ukrai­ proclamation of Resolution No. 6, recognizing 1988 as the Millennium of of St. Vladimir (church Slavonic for nian spirituality, and a church proces­ Christianity in Ukraine. Behind Hnatiuk are (from right) Dr. Leonid Volodymyr) and the Cathedral of St. sion bearing church banners. We also Rudnytzky, who delivered a brief address suited to the occasion and Sophia. It is an art form which the see the monk-historian, St. Nestor, who (partially obscured by Mr. Coleman) Msgr. Michael Fedorovych, representr Parma parish hopes to leave for future is chronicling the events of the year 988. ing the Ukrainian Catholic Archeparchy of Philadelphia. Also participating, generations. The nation is gathered under the right though not seen in the photo were Archpriest Frank Estocin of the The Resurrected Lord, Jesus Christ, arch: the royal family, the princely Ukrainian Orthudbx'Church ал4 ajiumj?er of Ukrainian community in all His glory, dominates the central (Continued on page 13) ^^ representatives. - Youth Olympiad seeks sponsors PHILADELPHIA - The orga­ nizing committee of the upcoming Ukrainian American Millennium Olym­ piad and Youth Rally is seeking spon­ sors for a commemorative book that will be printed before the May 27 to 30 event to be held in the Philadelphia area. The book, whose aim is to pass on information about the Olympiad and rally to future generations and sports historians, will be financed from contri­ butions by sponsors, the executive committee stated. Sponsors who donate S50 or more will have their names included in the commemorative book and will also receive a free copy of the book. The organizing committee is appeal­ ing to members of the Ukrainian com­ munity and other sports enthusiasts to support its efforts and come forth with donations. As the date of the sports festival is rapidly approaching, the committee asks that donations be made as soon as possible. Artist's rendering of Miilennium mosaic to be erected over the entrance doors to St. Vladimir's Ukrainian Orthodox The commemorative book will in- Cathedral in Parma, Ohio. (Continued on page 13) Massachusetts committee announces schedule of anniversary events BOSTON - The Massachusetts Committee to Commemorate the Millennium of Christianity -r with representation from the Ukrainian Orthodox and Ukrainian Catholic parishes, as well as lodges of the frater­ nal rganizations, Friends of the Ukrai- nia Research Institute at Harvard University, the Ukrainian Home, the Ukf. 'піап Congress Committee, yout^ ^^'^^nations Plast and SUM-A and lOcal schools of Ukrainian has finalized an ambitious r^ ^r tb^ ^ming year and has u, ^ponsc '' several successful ІКИ/. Michaes Dakakis, who isaisoa ШШШШШ^^^^^ШШтяшш^т. ^,..^..^:,.,^^^^ candidate for хак Democ-^atic Farty:s Msissachuseitjj?,fioiv.vMirhael Dukakr^-^signs a procJaro 'Ч^кгіішшп Mihisnnium Year ш his stat-. (Continued on pai^y 13) - ..^^ t Ukraiiia^n cornmunitv representatives look on. No. 14 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 3,1988

INTERVIEW: Dr:George Grabowicz discusses scholarly exchanges with USSR Dr. George G. Grabowicz, Dmytro Cyzevsky Profes­ Shevchenko's narrative style, his use of several voices, argument, as I see it, it was, while being a polemic, free sor of Ukrainian literature and chairman of the his dramatization of self and the question of symbolic of any personal attacks, and a genuine attempt at department of Slavic languages and literatures at autobiography. This was not really very abstruse or dialogue. Harvard University, has visited Ukraine four times in theoretical, and as I gathered from later comments, it Since then there has been an interesting, and, for the past two years, most recently in connection with a did evoke interest. me, very gratifying development: the journal Vse^vit trip to Moscow, The purpose of his trips was to attend In the seminar, which I mentioned before, I tried a has plans to publish excerpts (actually two chapters) in scholarly conferences and to conduct research for his deconstructive reading of one of Shevchenko's more Ukrainian translation later this spring, and beyond second book on Tcras Shevchenko, In January 1987 complicated poems dealing with the act of writing that there is interest in pubUshing a translation of the Dr. Grabowicz organized a symposium on "Ukrainian itself, and the result was mixed. whole book. Of course, one is never sure of something Classic Literature'' under the auspices of the Internal On the one hand, the participants in the seminar like this until it actually appears, but I have seen the tional Research and Exchanges Board (IREX) that became very taken up by the extremely close readings translated chapters and am reasonably confident that was held at Harvard with the participation of Soviet of the poetry; this is something that is highly reward­ they at least will appear. Once that happens, and Ukrainian and American scholars. The two-part ing in itself, and at the same time very seldom done in especially if the book appears, the impact on the interview below, concerning scholarly exchanges with Soviet Uterary criticism. This they clearly appreciated. Ukrainian reading public, judging by the response of the Soviet Union and, more specifically Ukraine, was On the other hand, they were quite resistant to the those who have read the translation, will be conside­ conducted by the Ukrainian Studies Fund at Harvard basic theoretical premise of deconstruction as a rable. and The Ukrainian Weekly. theory, that is, the notion that no "position" or "idea" or even feeling that the author, in this case the poet, Now that you have brought it up, what do you think Wtat can yois te!! us about the nature of jour trips Shevchenko, expresses is as hard and fast, as clear and of their level of scholarship? to Ukraine, beginning perhaps with the one to Kiev in unambiguous as we think it is, that the very fact of January of 1986? ' ^ ' writing always distorts or "deconstructs" the message This, too, is a broad issue, so let me confine myself itsdi. For them this is sheer "relativism.,"and curiously to the literary field, as illustrated by the Institute for Well, actually I would like to begin with something enough not only the official and orthodox "nachal- Literature in Kiev. And the picture here, as the saying more basic, and just say that Vm very pleased that this stvo" but some of the younger, less conventional goes, shows both light and shadow. The positive side interview is taking place at all. The question of scholars are basically suspicious of this. I would add, of it is that in the last five or seven years the quality of scholarly contacts, or even any kind of contacts with however, that in this respect they are no different from scholarship done in the institute has improved Ukraine, is really of prime importance, not only for the the great majority of Ukrainian literary scholars in the significantly, at times dramatically. Areas of research Ukrainian community here, but for the Ukrainians West, who are quite oblivious and just as instinctively are being opened up (especially in the older literature), there - and yet it is something that is hardly ever hostile to such new theoretical approaches. books and sources are being published, ossified ' di^ctissed, certainly not in a reasoned and dispas­ attitudes are being revised in a manner that only a few sionate manner, or, all the more so, in print. And I am years ago would have seemed improbable if not What, specifically, has been the response in Ukraine not only convinced that we can only gain from such impossible. As important as this is the fact that a whole to your book on Shevchenko, "The Poet as Myth- discussion, but that we desperately^ need sbme generation of young scholars are coming on the scene, maker'? "hlasnist" here, too. and in the main they strike me as very promising. But, to turn to your question. I went to Kiev in As far as the Soviet Ukrainian response is concern­ All of these developments are important, especially January, 1986, and was there for almost the entire ed, it is a two-fold matter. On the individual level a in the broader context of Ukrainian cultural life, and month, on an IREX grant to do archival research on number of people have expressed interest in it and the fact that Ukrainians in the West, with but a very Shevchenko, specifically on his reception in Ukrainian pleasure at the fact that Shevchenko is being studied few exceptions have chosen to ignore them is to my and Russian literature. from a new angle and with a new methodology. Quite a mind deplorable. few, in fact, were most eager to get a copy of the book. The negative side of it is that for all the improve­ How were you received? But, unfortunately, few scholars, let alone non- ments, Ukrainian literary scholarship (and this scholars; read English^ and for the^^^^ applies, of com^e^t04)ther areas о^^Ь^Ьшнаїй^ Very well, actually: 1 was assigned tothe^l.H^ until it is transkted into Ul^inian^ ГЄІШІП5 inacces­ well) st^ г^тащ^і^^ Shevchenko Institute of Literature at the Ukrainian sible to them. comparison witlTthe West, or a country like F^bland, Academy of Sciences, and the people there, the but compared to Russia, to what is done in Moscow There was also, however, an institutional, more or scholars and researchers, were generally friendly andL and Leningrad. less "official" response to it, i.e., a rather long (10- helpful. I was given access to all the archival material I page) review in Radianske Literaturoznavstvo (No. 8, There are several components to this - lack of requested, both in the institute and later in the Central 1985) which is thejournal of the Institute of Literature. books, lack of scholarly contacts with the West, very Scholarly Library. Some of this material, like the still Now this review has much in it that won4 pass muster. low level of knowledge of Western languages, lack of unpublished and basically unstudied diary of Pante- I don't mean that it has to agree with me or praise me, teachers of real stature (the last such was the scholar leimon Kulish, proved to be extremely interesting. but that simply it is often wrong-headed or reductive Oleksandr Biletsky), the lack of ability, and of or doctrinaire. For example, they accuse me of being confidence, to do Uterary theory and broad synthe­ Can you elaborate on that? I ahistorical in my approach to Shevchenko, when I sizing studies. These are formidable problems. made it plain in the book that I am not going to focus c-f^X^^r AP^rt from many more or less informal on the historical context, but precisely on that which So what is your prognosis? discussicin^ і with several scholars there, particularly resists and is independent of history, i.e., the structures those working on Shevchenko, I was invited to speak of mythical thought. Well, as I suggest, it is a dialectical situation, there more formally on this subject, which I did -- first in a But all this is secondary, because the remarkable are forces of progress and of stagnation, I think that in lecture and then a seminar for a narrower group of and very welcome thing about this reaction was that it principle, since for me this is the major lesson of specialists. The lecture was really quite an affair. was kept on a scholarly level. Despite the flaws in their (Continued on page 10) Something like 200 people came, which, as 1 later found out, was virtually the entire Institute of Literature, as well as some people from the Institute of Linguistics and Ethnography. I spoke on a somewhat difficult and technical matter, Shevchenko's consis­ tent use of dialogic structures in his poetry and the way in which the many variants of his poems recapitulate this principle, but it was received, as I saw it, with great attention. And the discussion that followed was very interesting.

How do you mean?

Well, first of all, it was real hardball. With one exception, the questions, while not hostile, v/ere sharp, but also perceptive. It was not an audience to be easily impressed. Judging by the discussion, however, most seemed to be guided by a genuine intellectual curiosity. While one person did attack me from a rather retrograde ideological position, this was an exception and not at all indicative of the general tenor. And I also saw that quite a few were embarrassed by her outburst. The second thing was that they were most curious to hear about the work of the Ukrainian Research Institute at Harvard, and I did take the opportunity to at least briefly describe it.

What did they think of your approach to Shev­ chenko? Prof. George Grabowicz (right) with fellow participants of the InUrvi'dilt^v^l Frariko S\mposiiJ an That, as you can imagine, cannot be answered in one Franko's birthplace in the village of Nahuyevychi. From left are: ZinoviE Tarasivna Franko^ :: sdir F, simple sentence. To begin with, they were exposed to PohrebeBPyk (executive editor of the just-completed 50-volume edition of Fr^ ;o's works) and Vira Fetrivna sev; al approaches. In my lecture I ач fic^sing on Franko. THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 3.1988 No. 14

ulrainianWeelcly About our Ukrainian Easter The pysanka: More than just East^^

our centuries-old ambassador by Orysia Paszczak Tracz written about their symbolism and special place in Ukrainian tradition. Our Ukrainian Easter egg, the pysanka, has become our ambassa­ On Easter morning, after Easter The paska and babka have a special dor of good will and hope in this Millennium year, as it has been services, we sit down with the family for significance. They are more than just viewed by thousands of visitors in the nation's capital and bestowed the special Easter breakfast, called the delicious bread. We already know the upon hundreds of U.S. legislators and government officials. Sviachene. Traditionally, the foods revered place any bread has in our The art of the decorated egg, or the pysanka (from the verb "pysaty" blessed in the Easter basket and eaten tradition. The word "paska" comes which means to write), dates back to pagan times around 4000 B.C. this morning include hard-boiled eggs, directly from the Christian word for krashanky, paska and babka, butter, Folktales reveal that the people who lived in the region now known as Easter, "Paskha," which comes from cheese, ham, kovbasa, khrin (horsera­ the Hebrew "Peisach," or Passover. Ukraine worshipped the sun. It warmed the earth and thus, was a dish), beet and horseradish relish, and Baba and babka are much older. Dokia source of all life. Eggs decorated with nature symbols were chosen for salt. There maybe other dishes, depend­ Humenna writes that the shape and the sun worship ceremonies and became an integral part of spring rituals, ing upon family tradition and region. name "baba" already tell us that this is serving as benevolent talismans. What does this Sviachene have to do an archaic representation of the grain With Ukraine's acceptance of Christianity in 988, the decorated with the Christian Easter, apart from ancestor, a bread totem, which is a pysanka continued to play an important role in the Ukrainian rituals the fact that it is blessed in church and symbol of the first female ancestor, the of the new religion. Many symbols of the old sun worship survived and eaten after the liturgy on Easter morn­ one who first gave birth. This is indi­ were adopted to represent Easter and Christ's Resurrection. ing? As with 99.9 percent of our tradi­ cated by the ritual way in which the Legends sprang up around this new Christian symbol. The Hutsuls tions, it has very little to do with church, Easter bread was baked, with specific believe that the fate of the world depends upon the pysanka. As long as and everything to do with the beliefs of ingredients, words, motions and our ancestors from the times before prayers. Ms. Humenna writes that to the egg-decorating custom continues, the world will exist. Christianity in Ukraine. (I know ПІ get bake the paska or babka (often used Should it cease, evil, in the guise of an ancient, vicious monster the usual complaints about why 1 keep interchangeably) was the most impor­ chained to a cliff, will encompass the world and destroy it. Each year, mentioning all this pre-Christian stuff. I tant role of the whole year for tne the monster's servants encircle the globe, recording the amount of just tell you about what is and was, I hospodynia. If the paska rose so much pysanky that have been produced. When there are few, the monster's don't make it up.) that it could not be removed from the chains are loosened and evil roams freely on earth. Conversely, when What did this Easter foocl mean pich - ihe ^by pyep - t oyen was the amount is great, the monster's chains are pulled taut allowing good originally? It was a sacrifice. In the dismantled. The coals and ashes from to conquer evil. deepest past, people brought sacrifices baking the babka were saved, and used Traditionally, the pysanka has been exchanged as a token of of animals and food to temples or for the first seeding in the garden. Of course, the crumbs were never thrown prosperity, happiness, good health and long life. Today, the pysanka natural places of worship. The gods were prayed to and thanked with the out, but also scattered in the garden. still possesses the charm and beauty of the past, but it also holds a help of the presented gifts. With the Nothing from the Easter breakfast was special place in contemporary times. acceptance of Christianity there was no thrown out. The scraps were buried in This year, the National Committee to Commemorate the reason not to bring gifts to the new God. the garden, and the egg shells were often ^ ^lillepnium of Christianity in У km has adopted the Easter egg as a In hi^^J^CjoJc^p^jthe^pr^CJiri^ W^h thrown into the river to let the souls of symbol (rf'l^^ '5nmis^l,6^th anniversary of Christiahfty^ 1n ОЦ the Ukrainian peopTe, Met^ the departed, know about Velykden. икШіШ;'the р^^йка fta^ f^ place in Washington ^griifying Ilarioftwrdte that "priests did not What we think is a large Easter basket hope for the rebirth of both the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox always refuse these rituals from a now is nothing compared to what once and the Ukrainian Catholic Churches in Ukraine, and for the materialistic point of view. It happened was. In fact, it was not a necessarily a recognition of the Millennium as a Ukrainian celebration. that the gifts of food (pryliosy) were basket that was used, but a special large In Washington, legislators, such as Rep. William Lipinski, sponsor taken by the priest to the altar, blessed, wooden vessel used for this purpose, and eaten there; that is, the priest did of House Resolution 429 on the Millennium of Christianity, refer to called a dorinnyk in some regions. The what was demanded by those who pasky were so large that they were the pysanka, saying: "Like the Ukrainian Easter eggs, our govern­ brought the gifts. Of course, the church carried separately in a large khustyna, a ment's position on religious freedom in Ukraine must stand for hierarchy forbade all this, but with little sha\yl,^ ^rid^sp^e, .^pflP as^ l^rge as a renewal and rebirth." success." " .^ _^ ,,^ ' ,^.;.^:.^^.^V. wagon wHeelY have a big The pysanka in this Millennium year is dedicated to the 50 million In 1591, six centuries after "^ basket if you have a half of a shynka, a Ukrainians in the Soviet Union who are prohibited from celebrating dymyr had the Poliany baptized, Eremia ham? The real old-fashioned Sviachene their history; it is a symbol of faith, faith that one day soon religious II, the patriarch of Constantinople, was nothing without a suckling pig with believers will worship openly, with no fear of harassment, persecution published an edict in Lviv denouncing khrin, horseradish root, in its mouth. and imprisonment. It is the hope that the churches will be filled with the heathen practice of blessing Easter With the pig there really was a remnant thousands of believers of all ages, and not just older women and little baskets. But a tradition much older of the ancient sacrifice. The khrin gives children, who will not fear being persecuted if seen in church; it is than only six centuries could not be strength and purifies. erased, and it won. The Trebnyk, the the hope that families will not have to celebrate the Resurrection of Another indication that this is an missal, includes a prayer for the "bless­ ancient tradition was the ritual of the Christ, the most joyous of holy days in the closed quarters of their ing of meat for the Blessed Paskha hospodar upon bringing the Sviachene homes, with shades pulled and lights dimmed for fear of officials Sunday." home. As on Christmas Eve, the hos­ disbanding their celebration; and it is the hope that the Western world The pre-Christian symbols of fire and podar walked around his homestead will exchange pysanky, as symbols of Christianity, and of Christ's water also play a role in the new faith -- three times with the blessed food, visited Resurrection, with their brothers and sisters in a religiously tolerant, and in the blessing of the food. Water his farm animals, greeting each with truly Christian Ukraine. has always symbolized purification, and ''Khrystos Voskres!" He also said, Khrystos Voskres! Voistynu Voskres! now it was used for blessing, a new form "May nothing bother you during this of purification. Fire, a symbol of both year, as nothing can bother this blessed the sun and also purification, was repre­ paska." Then he greeted the bees and the sented in the candle set into the basket orchard in the same way. Again, as on (sometimes into the paska) and in the Sviat Vechir, it was believed that the bonfires set on the church grounds the souls of the ancestors were present with night before Velykden — The Great the living members of the family, even Day - i.e., Easter. Vadym Shcherba- though this time a separate empty place kivsky noted that even for this greatest setting was not left. This could be of all Christian holy days, Ukrainians because departed parents were visited at have retained the ancient pre-Christian the cemetery directly after liturgy on name Velykden (Great Day, because the Easter morning. sun returns in all its power), and did not In "The Customs of Our People," call this feast by its Christian name, Olexa Woropay mentions another Paskha. remnant of ancestor worship at Easter The egg, a symbol of fertility, the sun from the southern steppe Kherson and rebirth, has always been a symbol region. On the table, along with food of spring. Family unity is shown by the and drink, there was a plate with a family sharing the slices of the one egg mound of soil in which grass was at the beginning of the Easter breakfast. growing, A few weeks before Easter the The krashanky are usually dyed red, the soil was seeded with oats, so that by color of joy. Onion skins make the most Easter the green growth was 7-8 cm. beautiful shade of terra cotta kra­ high, enough to hide an egg. Around the shanky. Krashanky are meant to be "mohylka" (little barrow or mound) red eaten and p\ ai viih. Pysanky are not. krashanky were placed, as many as " They are s;: us and much has been (Continued on page 11) No. 14 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 3,1988

FOR THE RECORD: Ukrainian SSR LETTERS TO THE EDITOR deputies' letter to Congress Magocsi's essay Ukrainians to have their own Churches in Ukraine. Following is the full text of the sentatives of laymen. is inadequate I believe that Prof. Magosci mi^ht statement of deputies to the Su­ The decisions taken at the above- have made the issue clearer so that these preme Soviet of the Ukrainian Soviet mentioned Church Council were the Dear Editor: churchmen would have understood Socialist Republic that was sent to logical result of the Ukrainian I read with interest Prof. Paul Ma- both the reasons for Ukrainian reser­ the U.S. Congress: people's 350-year-long struggle goscsi's "Millennium of Christianity: vations toward the Russian Orthodox against spiritual enslavement, at­ clearing up the confusion." His short Church and the need to raise these As we have learned. Sen. DeCon- tempts to separate it from the frater- piece deals with complex historical issues in contacts with the Moscow cini and Congressman Lipinski sub­ nal Russian and Byelorussian events and cannot be expected to Patriarchate and the Russian Orthodox mitted for the U.S. Congress'consi­ peoples. The Uniate Church, which discuss all issues fully. I am concerned, Churches in the West. deration a joint draft resolution on was pressed on the Ukrainian people, however, that his presentation of Ukrai­ I am surprised that no mention is the alleged ''Soviet government's soiled its name through its close nian relations with the Russian Ortho­ made of Pope John Paul II's stance active persecution of religious be­ collaboration with foreign oppres­ dox Church and the Moscow Patriar­ asserting that no "ecumenism" should lievers in the Ukraine." sors, Hitlerite occupants. It discre­ chate does not sufficiently explain the be carried out at the price of silence on The suggestion contained in the dited itself in the eyes of the popula­ reasons for objections to participation the suppression of the Ukrainian Ca­ draft resolution to the effect that the tion, which resolutely condemned in Millennium events in Moscow. tholic Church, This issue has been at the Senate and the House of Representa­ the collaborationism of this Church. Prof. Magocsi calls "legitimate" con­ heart of the problems over Roman tives should express their attitudes In such conditions an attempt to cerns about "the sorry status of the Catholic participation in Millennial toward the Millennium of Christia­ revive this Church would contradict Ukrainian Catholic and Ukrainian commemorations in the USSR and of nity in Rus', to be marked this year, is the autonomous decisions of be­ Autocephalous Orthodox Churches Catholic relations with the Moscow quite understandable, for this event lievers, while interference of the state (both outlawed) in the Soviet Union." Patriarchate. It would seem to be has a wide public response through­ into the internal affairs of the Church and sees these concerns as part of an out the world. However, the biased essential information for Roman Ca­ would be inadmissible. "ongoing criticism of the Soviet govern­ character of this draft, as well as its tholic representatives on the council. As to the Ukrainian (Autocepha- ment." Finally he states: "Those criti­ orientation, cannot but evoke a A short statement cannot cover all lous) Orthodox Church, it also cisms are then continued against the feeling of justified indignation and issues, but I believe that those that I showed itself as a zealous underling Russian Orthodox Church in the Soviet protest oil our part. Let us put it raise are essential for an understanding of Nazi invaders during the Great Union, which,/as a puppet of the bluntly: this draft reminded us very of the issues surrounding the Millen­ Patriotic War. By staging public atheistic Soviet regime,' has no right to strongly of the "cold war" period. nium. prayers in support of Hitlerites and celebrate on behalf of Ukrainians a To start with, the draft resolution sanctifying their crimes, it fully 'Russian Millennium.' " Frank E. Sysyn contains a groundless statefment oh revealed its treacherous, anti-popu­ I find this portrayal of the role of the Cambridge, Mass. violations by this country of the lar nature, lost its believers and Russian Orthodox Church inadequate. Universal Declaration of Human ceased to exist. It leaves out the historical dimension of Rights and relevant international We would like to underline that in the Russian Orthodox Church's denial Gorbachev admits covenants, and this does not corres­ terms of history both Churches were of the right of Ukrainian Orthodox and pond to reality and is aimed at invariably used as a cover by certain Ukrainian Catholic Churches to exist, agricultural failure misinformation of the broad public. forces. These forces sowed the seeds which emerged long before the Soviet It is completely refuted by conclu­ of religious dissension, were engaged period. The canonically questionable Dear Editor: sions of the Committee on Human in political ploys aimed at rousing subordination of the Kiev Metropolitan At the first congress of Soviet collec­ Rights, which gave its positive assess­ national hatred and hostility between 8е|е in 1686 to the Moscow Patriarchate tive farmers in two decades, Mikhail ment of the Ukrainian SSR's periodic fraternal peoples born in a single and the refusal of the Patriarchate to Gorbachev has called for more indivi­ reports on its observation of the cradle, at artificially separating them permit the re-establishment of the dual initiative and has set the tone for International Covenant on Civil and and setting them against each other. Ukrainian Orthodox Church in 1918- radical agricultural reform (March 23). Political Rights. Therefore, we regard the draft reso­ 1921 are the roots of the present-day The new rules will provide more indivi­ lution submitted to the Congress as Resolute measures on comprehen­ Russian Orthodox Church's denial that dual incentives, permit more coopera­ an encroachment on one of our great sive safeguarding of human rights are Ukrainians should be permitted to have tive farms, encourage joint ventures and I gains — friendship among Soviet taken in this country in conditions of their own Orthodox Church. even allow direct links with Western broadening democracy and open­ nations. The role of the Russian Orthodox markets and ventures. This is nothing ness. Especially unprepossessing in Now that certain positive changes Church in suppressing Uniates in the less than Gorbachev's admission that this light are attempts to distort and are beginning to take shape in Soviet- 1830s, 1870s, and during the Russian Soviet state-run agriculture has been a cast aspersions on the policy pursued American relations, and common occupation of Galicia in World War I failure. by the Soviet state, including its efforts are being undertaken aimed at are the roots of its active cooperation in Millions of innocent people were relations with believers. reducing nuclear arms, solving ques­ liquidating the Ukrainian Catholic displaced and killed - at least 7 million At present, the freedom of con­ tions of humanitarian and other Church after Wodd War II. To this day, Ukrainians were deliberately starved to science guaranteed to our citizens by cooperation, the above-mentioned the Moscow Patriarchate denies the death — by Stalin in order to bring the Constitution is strictly observed. draft resolution cannot but be re­ right of the Ukrainian Orthodox and about forced collectivization of farms We, deputies to the Ukrainian SSR garded as running counter to this Ukrainian Catholic Churches to exist in between 1929 and 1933. Continuing the Supreme Soviet, state with all re­ positive process. the Soviet Union, and implicitly in the process, between March 20 and 25, sponsibility: no people here are im­ We condemn the submission to the West. 1949, Stalin deported almost 200,000 prisoned or persecuted for their Congress of the aforesaid resolution Will the Council on Theological Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian religious convictions. Soviet laws and express our resolute protest Education in Canada and the Ecumeni­ farmers and their families to Siberia, which proclaimed separation of the against this act of brazen interference cal Foundation, the Canadian church- most never to be seen again. Church from the state, non-interfe­ in the internal affairs of the Ukrai­ ^ men who asked Prof. Magosci to clarify The horror of so much death and rence of state bodies into the nian SSR. We flatly refute the un­ the Millennium, understand from his suffering is magnified since it was all for Church's affairs are consistently seemly political speculations and un­ explanations that Ukrainian criticism nothing — the 70-year-old Soviet adhered to. friendly attacks on Ukraine contain­ of the Russian Orthodox Church and its "social experiment," using human being Today, a wide network of religious ed in the draft resolution. collaboration with Soviet authorities is as guinea pigs, has resulted in a world communities operate in Ukraine, We are for a positive businesslike not about jurisdictional squabbles but power that is unable to feed its own including 4,000 Orthodox churches, dialogue on various problems, con­ about basic religious rights and free­ people. over 1,000 meeting houses of the cerning the interests of both sides, dom? After all, no Ukrainians deny the Evangelical Christians-Baptists, but for an honest and open dialogue right of Russians to have their own Mari-Ann Rikken more than 100 Roman Catholic based on the facts of history and Church in Russia, while the Moscow Estonian American National Council churches, many meeting houses of present-day life. We are ready to ^Patriarchate does deny the right of New York Pentecostal Baptists and the Se­ discuss any questions, but on condi­ venth-Day Adventists, synagogues, tion of non-interference in each etc. All of them use their discretion in other's internal affairs and respect dealing with their affairs. for the values every nation has ACTION ITEM We would like to draw the atten­ chosen. Individuals and organizations are urged to request their senators to become tion of American legislators to the Galyna S. Bereza - collective co-sponsors of Senate Amendment No. 1680. This is a non-killer amendment fact that the accusation contained in farmer, Volyn District. to the INF treaty (i.e., it will not open up the treaty for renegotiation) dealing the draft resolution that the state Vasil F. Veres - director of the with human rights. It was introduced on March 21 by Sens. Dennis allegedly banned the activity of the "Prykarpatlis" Industrial Amalga­ DeConcini (D-Ariz.), Frank Lautenberg (D-N.J.), Alfonse D'Amato (R- Greek Catholic (Uniate) Church are mation, Ivano-hrankivske District. N.Y.) and Charles E. Grassiey (R-Iowa). absolutely unsubstantiated. The Serhiy V. Danchcnko - People's The purpose of the amendment is to require the president of the United decision about this Church's self- Artist of the Ukrainian SSR, chair­ States to formally communicate to the Soviet Union's leaders the Senate's dissolution and its reunification with man of the Union of Theatrical declaration on the issue of human rights, including the rights of peoples the Russian Orthodox Church was Figures of Ukraine, Kiev. belonging to the USSR's national minorities to "enjoyment and practice of adopted by the Uniates themselves at Galyna P. Korniychuk - physi­ their culture, heritage, history and national consciousness." the Lviv Church Council in March cian, member of the Presidium of the 1946, with the participation of 216 Ukrainian SSR Supreme Soviet. - submitted by Crest Deychakiwsky delegates of Uniate clergy and repre­ (Continued on page 11) ^^ ^ Washington ІіііїшішгііііінініііііііінгшшіїїіііііііиііішііНіїіїніііііігіііііііііііипіішіііііїніініі^ THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 3,1988 No. 14

EASTER SEASON IN WASHINGTON: P Icons' spirituality promotes Millennium

by Marta Kolomayets to do this research with my final WASHINGTON - "What is an objective — the film — in mind." icon? Why does it exist? What is its The film, which is still in the history? These are the questions that research stages, will be at least interest nie," said Slavko Nowytski, another two of three vears in romina. the curator of "Icons of Ukraine," an ''We need at least half a million dollars exhibit commemorating the Millen­ to fund the production,'' said the nium of Christianity in Ukraine, award-winning filmmaker, "and fund- which opened in the Rotunda of the raising is always a slow process," he Russell Senate Office building re­ added. cently. "Maybe once the public sees what The display, part of a four-day it is I've concentrated on (and the show in the nation's capital, orga­ exhibit is a good example), funds will nized by the National Millennium come more easily," Mr. Nowytski Committee and the Chopivsky Fa­ said. mily Foundation, to increase public The exhibit includes icons from awareness of this year's jubilee cele­ the 12th to 20th centuries and also bration of the acceptance of Chris­ displays two illuminated reproduc­ tianity by the Kievan State in 988 and tions of paintings, the work of Prof. to shed light on the continuing S. Konash-Konashevsky, depicting religious persecution in Ukraine Ss. Volodymyr and Olha and the Borys Sawyn of Chicago, the creator of more than 700 pysanky for the "Pysankp Project, today, included cases and cases of baptism of the people of Kievan wife Olexandra, Auxiliary Bishop-designate Michael Kuchmiak, pastor of Holy Fai pysanky, and a mounted exhibit of Rus'. Ukrainian Catholic Church in Washington, and the Rev. Hryhorij Podhurec of St. Andr 36 icon reproductions. The original icons are found in va­ Orthodox Church in Washington enjoy the afternoon reception. The 36-icon exhibit,four months in rious institutions museums and pri­ organizing, was funded by the Cho­ vate collections, including the Mu­ pivsky Family Foundation based in seum of the Ukrainian Orthodox Washington. It includes mostly his­ Church of U.S.A. in South Bound toric icons from the 12th to 20th Brook, N.J., Museum of Cracow, centuries. The reproductions were Museum in Sanok, Poland, Museum photographed by Mr. Nowytski, of Lviv, Kiev Museum, the Kremlin, enlarged and then mounted on five and the Tretiakov Gallery in Moscow. large, transportable placards. From Among the most famous icons a distance, they do indeed look like depicted in this collection are the the real thing. And in this Millen­ Mother of God of Yasnohirsk (also nium year, thousands of people will known as Our Lady of Bels and the have the opportunity to view the Mother of God of Czestochowa), the display, for the traveling exhibit Mother God of Vyshhorod (also plans to make the rounds of Ukrai­ known as Lady of Vladimir and Our nian communities in the United Lady of Tenderness). The exhibit States, Canada, Argentina, France,. also includes photographs of the England and Germany. A compa­ frescos of St. Sophia Cathedral in nion 36-page color brochure, also Kiev and the interior of the Pochaiv funded by the foundation, was re­ Monastery in Volhynia. searched by Alexander Voronin. "I decided to include an icon from Mr. Nowytski was doing research the 20th century as well, 'St. Andrew on a film about icons, when he was the First-Called on the Hills of Kiev,' approached by the local Millennium because ahhough it is new, it has Committee of St. Paul/ Minneapolis, been created in the traditional Kie- Nadia Komarnycky-McConnell, government liaison for the National Committe his home base, to curate an exhibit. van-Byzantine Style, and represents Commnemorate the Millennium of Christianity in Ukraine, and Ulana Diachuk, the commit Already engrossed in iconography, the tradition recorded in the І 2th Hnancial secretary, offer Sen. Edward Kennedy (D-Mass.) myriad choices of pysanky. Mr. Nowytski felt it only natural to century chronicle (book of Annals)," senator picked an Easter egg with a green background and horizontal design of rust-cob plan an exhibit about these works of said Mr. Nowytski. clovers (of course). art. "An icon cannot have a nationa­ Ordained a deacon two years ago, lity, per se, said Mr. Nowytski, he approached the icon not only however, the fact is — every nation from a historic or artistic view, but has a soul - you feel something in an from a theological perspective as icon, a spirit of a people," he said well. "The theology of an icon is what commenting on the softer look, the interests me the most, because very more human qualities he attributes little is written about this aspect, to Kievan-Byzantine icons. "They beyond theological circles," he added. differ from the straight Byzantine "People really don't understand ones in that their look is not as icons, thus, I'm inspired to continue

Skvko Nowytski (left) curator of the icon exhibit, with the sponsors of the irmYeling show, the Chopivsky family, Lydia, Sofia and George. Repo William S. Broomfield (R-Mich,) may have an artist's soul... he's one of the few legisla who actually gave the craft a try. Sofika Zielyk instructs Ьіш on hm technlqiJie. No. 14 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 3,1988 inka presented as symbol of hope as Millennium celebrations begin

Among U.S. legislators who stopped by to watch Sofika Zielyk create Ukrainian Easter eggs was Sen. Malcolm Wallop (R-Wyo.)

Sen. Howard Metzenfoaum (D-Ohio) listens intently as Sofika Zielyk demonstrates her craft. Judge Bohdan A. Futey, head of the National Millennium Committee's organizing committee, and his photos in this series There seems to be no end to the pysanky... son, Andrew, of the national committee's public relations office, by Natalie Sluzar observe the pysanka-making process. and Marta Kolomayets. Barbara Bush receives pysanky

А.ь г^ і\ с: ^S ' ''"'^ -. ^ " z t^-r^jc--^ rn^^ Hhrr^r^''' 'її/ ''-М' ;^'іі'^^- CO - : va.-:'с ч.' р). rv, .у \l

this is not a typical workplace. More significant is the screenings, and final rehearsals and generally had a Dr. George Grabowicz... fact, which I observed in various ways, that Ukrainian chance - thanks to some very helpful friends, and, of intellectuals, writers, scholars and so on, are for the course, the new climate — to see things almost from an (Continued from page 5) most part very troubled by the erosion of the sphere of insider's vantage point. It was a remarkably rich and Ukrainian history, we must be optimists, we сапЧ usage of Ukrainian. They also point out that this is in instructive experience, and I could talk about it for afford not to believe in the survival and even more in large measure a sociological, i.e. sociolinguistic hours. (I have in fact spoken about it publicly several the revival of Ukrainian scholarship, and by exten­ problem. times since I got back.) sion, of cultural life. In short many Ukrainians who come from the villages to work in the city want to demonstrate their But you also mentioned a second trip in 1987. But do you see evidence of this, or is this just your new, "higher" city status by speaking Russian — which hope? almost invariably is bad Russian, in effect, a "sur- Yes, this was in late November and early December. zhyk," a cross between Ukrainian and Russian. On my It was a Soviet-American conference jointly spon­ As I said before, the younger scholars are generally second day in Kiev I was told not to let this get me sored by IREX and the Soviet Academy of Sciences quite promising, and when this is coupled with a clear down, not to pay attention to it, and the phrase my and hosted in Moscow by the Academy's Institute of tendency — as reflected in concrete results, i.e., books, academic friend used was very neat, and precisely, Slavistics and Balkanistics. Its topic was ''The articles and so on — to expand horizons and reject old with conscious irony, in this "surzhyk" — "Nie Formation of Slavic and Balkan Cultures in the 18th formulas, then the optimism is not unfounded. But let svarachyvai uvagi." and 19th Centuries." From the academic side the me give you another example. But, in fact, the intellectuals, especially the writers conference was a clear success, and frankly I was Last September I went to Lviv for an international have been paying more and more attention to it, as rather impressed by the quality of the scholars I met in symposium on Ivan Franko. I was particularly struck witnessed in various, often very direct statements, not Moscow. In this respect, I'm afraid that generally this time by the generally high scholarly level of this only at the Congress of Ukrainian writers in Kiev in speaking the contrasts between them and the Ukrai­ gathering and even more so by an impressively broad the summer of 1986 but in the All-Union Congress in nian scholars is evident. I've already gone into the and sincere commitment to Ukrainian culture on the Moscow a few weeks later and above all at the plenum reasons behind this, and I was not unprepared for the part not only of scholars, but v^riters, poets, theater of the Writer's Union held in Kiev in June 1987. This, contrast, but it still is disturbing. people, museum workers and of course the people as to my mind, is a very positive development in itself, but such. Among many events and festivities associated what is necessary, of course, is that these complaints, What is the attitude in Moscow toward Ukrainian with this symposium, marking the 130th anniversary warnings and demands be translated into a new and studies? of Franko's birth, the opening of a commemoratiys^ just language policy. museum in his native village of Nahuyevychi, really On the other hand, the attempt to defend the Ukrai­ This is actually a crucial and a very problematic stands out. It was attended not only by the intcrna- nian language or the sphere of things Ukrainian from matter, one which occupied my attention both during tional guests and other participants in the symposium, erosion not so much, or at least not only by Russifica- my stay in Moscow and in the days I was in ICi^v at the and not only by sundry officials and bureaucrats, but tion, but by a kind of homogenization, has led to a very end of my trip. In a nutshell the issiie Is this: in^ by thousands of people from the surrounding towns problematic, though undoubtedly unconsious, identi­ Moscow, from what I could see, Ukrainian studies are and villages, Nobody bussed them in — as they did us. fication of this Ukrainian sphere with the ethnogra­ neglected, and the general assumption among the ,They саше simply to show respect and affection for the phic one. In effect, since traditional folk art, folk scholars I spoke to on this (and mostly it was more great Ukrainian writer. customs, folk songs and so on are clearly least implied than stated was that this subject isJbasicaUy The work being done jointly by writers, scholars and "spoiled" by the new homogenized and of course uninteresting and best left to the scholars in Ukraine. artists to commemorate another important writer, Russian-language mass culture, the tendency has In point of fact, Ukrainian subjects are not really Markian ^ Shashkevych, by a monument in Lviv itself developed to express the Ukrainian character precisely studied in the Institute of Slavistics and Balkanistics and the restoration of his home into a museum in the through the folk prism. And this, to my mind, is (with the partial exception of one fine scholar who village of Pidlyssid, also testify to the commitment to dangerous in the extreme, for in the long run it cannot does some older Ukrainian literature as an extension and love so many Ukrainians there have for their cul­ but reduce Ukrainian culture to a provincial status. of her work in Polish) and when it turned out that the ture and heritage. For me the prospect of this was already signalled by American delegation to this conference would have I should mention two things at this point. One, quite my experiences in the Kiev theaters. The Ukrainian- two papers on Ukrainian topics, mine and Prof. Paul obviously, that I am focusing on/individuals, their languageiheftdf^^hile a^times quite good, tended Magosci's^they asked the Institute of Literature in work, commitment, and so on, and not on official very noticeably to an ethnographic, folkish mode; at Kiev to send up і tJkrainian specialist especially for policy. I don't see myself, and I don't want to be times it was highly crude and embarrassingly buffo. In this conference - since they had hone of their own. understood, as being pollyannish or blind to the contrast the Russian-language theater seemed more ^And they are an Institute of Slavistics. system there. The other is that I think it appalling that contemporary (even more glitzy), and, in my general Now, as I have just said, Soviet scholarship on so many Ukrainians here, who so frequently trumpet impression, attended by a more middle-class, or "city" Ukrainian matters is generally weaker, and at times their "love" of Ukraine, are so ignorant of and as opposed to "village" audience. Neither one nor the drastically inferior to Soviet scholarship on Russian or unconcerned by the real life and the real cultural other, by the way, was even close to the level of the indeed Polish subjects, and thus the condescension I processes taking place there - especially now when theater in Moscow. As I say, these are impressions, but spoke about would seem to be justified. But this, of powerful feelings seem to bestirring and change seems the tendency is there — and it's ominous. Fortunately, course, is clearly a matter of self-fulfilling pr^pphecies: to be in the air. there is also now a real interest in reviving "high" if something is not nurtured, or is neglected, it won't traditions and raising the level of Ukrainian theatrical dievelop. The Soviet academic system is highly What do you think are the most important of these? culture. centralized, with the capital both receiving the lion's share of attention and support and setting priorities Well, one of the most important of all is the question Would you elaborate on your other trips to and standards. If Ukrainian studies do not really ^exist of the Ukrainian language, its present situation, and Ukraine, their purpose and the types of contacts you in any significant way in Moscow, they simply do not recent voices of alarm raised in this connection. made? count, do not "rate," in the all-union scheme of things. And the fact that they are done in Ukraine, in Kiev and Yes, in your two talks at Harvard recently you did Yes. Well, as in 1986 I also made two trips in 1987. so on, does not change the fact that as a discipline they speak on the use of Ukrainian in Kiev and Lviv. What By far the longer of these was on a Fulbright grant slip to second-rate status. is your thinking on this now? (awarded in conjunction with I REX) whereby I spent I should also stress here that what for many would three months in the Soviet Union. Most of this time I be an automatic response, i.e, to say "Aha, another Let me first recapitulate. As anyone who has been spent working in the archives of Kiev and Lviv; for example of Russians discriminating against Ukrai­ there knows, the situation wili Ukrainian is bad and in about three weeks I also did archival work in nians," is hardly an answer. Apart from being in the some respects grim. To put it on the most basic level, Leningrad and Moscow. The purpose of this visit was paranoid mode (which is never very helpful), this does that is apart from the statistics on the kinds and to do research for a planned book on the reception of not constructively confront the issue. For along with numbers of books and periodicals published and such Taras Shevchenko. Now by "reception" I mean the the question of how scholarship is centrally managed, matters, Ukrainian is clearly peripheral in the mass broad gamut of responses to the poet — biographies, there is the no less important question to attitudes and media, especially in TV and radio, is losing ground in commentaries, interpretations, polemics (with him, traditions — and Ukrainian scholarship has often schools, particularly the all-important earliest grades, his legacy, or with other interpretations) and various sinned (there, as well as here) by being narrow and and basically squeezed out of much if not all of official forms of the Shevchenko cult as such. To be sure much inward-turning and happier in talking to the converted life. While you still hear it in the street in Lviv and of this has been collected and published, but as my than in engaging a broader and more skeptical, but western Ukraine in general, you don't in Kiev, let alone research revealed, much remains to be brought to therefore more challenging outside audience. Ac­ in Dnipropetrovske or Odessa. Similarly, you hear it light. In general I find this question fascinating, that is tually, even here I see grounds for optimism. My spoken in the villages and small towns, but not in the to say, the way in which society "creates" its poet- arguments for Ukrainian studies in Moscow did get a cities (again with the partial exception of western prophet. And this is not only a very complex, but also hearing there, and in Kiev, and to the extent that Ukraine). This, as I have said, is just the background, a universal process, and requires a comparative scholarship is — and must be — international in its depressing as it may be. approach - which I intend to provide by also focusing premises, the example and model we set here may Now, since I could talk on this at much greater on the receptions of Mickiewicz and Pushkin in their indeed bear fruit. length than we have time for (this is after all a central respective societies. issue for me not only personally but academically, My contacts, of course, were primarily scholarly, Could you tell us about the participants at the too), I will confine myself to three points — some and these, I must stress, were almost uniformly scholarly conferences that you attended in the Soviet general observations, some positive recent develop­ positive. In Kiev alone I have many acquaintances and Union? ments, and some ominous tendencies. friends, particulariy in the Institute of Literature. My So, as to the first: judging by my experiences in reception was very warm, and much was done to Well, the difference between Lviv and Moscow was Kiev, it is clear to me that many икгайпкщ^ who speak facilitate my research. Beyond the scholariy, I had quite substantial: these were entirely different affairs. Russian in the workplace or on the street speak rather extensive contacts, some very close, with writers The International Franko Symposium in Lviv, in Ukrainian at home; Russian is the "formal" or and critics, and a number of cultural activists. I September of 1986, which was sponsored officially by "official" language, Ukrainian the "homey" one. In attended various meetings at the Union of Writers, UNESCO but actually organized by the Soviet Kiev, at least, there is a long history of this, going back including most prominently the June plenum which Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, had several dozen to the 19th century and earlier. In the Institute of was so unprecedented in its open and often dramatic scholars (1 don't recall the exact number) from around Literature, where I worked, the great majority of ^ discussion of the critical language question; apart the world, but mainly from Eastern Eiirope; there was scholars and researchers spoke Ukrainian, but then from seeing various films and plays, I attended closed (Cdiitinued on pwge 12) No. 14 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 3,1988

Soviet Ukraine during this widely and the Ukrainian SSR in the sphere of He goes on to say that the Church Soviets condemn.., publicized era of glasnost and democra­ religious freedoms and believers' rights, Council of 1946 in Lviv "only reunited (Continued from page 1) tization. and to hamper the improvement of believers of west Ukrainian lands with which arrived in Washington in mid- The Soviet Ukrainian letter, with a relations between our countries, is their Orthodox brothers. Thus the March. cover letter, sent by Valentina Shev- evident. In a word, availability of an old revivification, of the Uniate Church, This unprecedented action taken by chenko, president of the Presidium of and obsolete method from the arsenal which was called upon byDeConcini the deputies, a representative group of the Ukrainian SSR Supreme Soviet, of the cold war period is being ex­ and Lipinski in their draft resolutions Soviet Ukrainian citizens from all was written in the Ukrainian language ploited." would contradict the Church's own corners of the republic, may be viewed and translated into English for the U.S. The author of the lengthy article who autonomous decisions." as an expression of the Soviet govern­ legislators. The document was then quotes extensively from the Soviet letter Charging that the reunification of the ment's concern about the approaching forwarded to the Helsinki Commission sent to U.S. legislators, states that there Uniate Church with the Russian Ortho­ celebrations of the Millennium of on Security and Cooperation in Europe, are about 4,0(Ю Orthodox churches in dox Church and the liquidation of the Christianity and the increased Western which the speaker of the House felt was Ukrainian cities and villages, as well as Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox awareness of religious intolerances in the appropriate department to respond over 1,(Ю0 meeting houses of the Evan­ Church came as a result of the requests to such a letter. gelical Christian-Baptists and more of believers, the article concludes: The signatories of the text include the than 100 Roman Catholic Churches "Indeed an attempt to revive what^' Helsinki Group's... poet Boris I. Oiiynyk, secretary of the many meeting houses of Pentecostal was abandoned by believers themselves (Continued from page 3) USSR Union of Writers and the Union Baptists and Seventh Day Adventists, seems strange, to say the least. Even of Writers of Ukraine, and chairman of synagogues etc. stranger is such an attempt on the part "On all key issues, the External the Ukraine's Culture Fund from Za­ He dismisses the Uniate Church, as of those called upon to determine policy Representation will coordinate its porizhzhia; Mykola F. Manoylo, a in their own country, not in their activities with the members of the soloist of the Opera and Ballet Theater, the Ukrainian Catholic Church is referred to in the USSR, and the Ukrai­ neighbors," says the author, referring to Helsinki Group in Ukraine (through People's Artist of the USSR from the the Senate and House joint resolution. its executive committee)," as stated Kharkiv District; and Yaroslav S. nian Autocephalous Orthodox Church in a release from the Ukrainian Pidstryhach, an academician from the and reminds critics that 1988 marks JOIN THE UNA -- Helsinki Group dated March 11. Ukrainian SSR Academy of Sciences, the 70th anniversary of the Decrees on INSURE YOURSELF The executive committee of the in the Lviv District. Separation of the Church from the AND BE SAFE! State and the School from the Church. UHG in Ukraine consists of My- Other developments related to this khailo Horyn, Zinoviy Krasivsky and topic include a column, which appeared UKRAINIAN SINGLES SECRETARY/RECEPTIONIST Vyacheslav Chornovil; its functions in News from Ukraine, Issue No. 9, include the coordination of the two NEWSLETTER Detaikriented; light bookkeeping; Will February 1988, written by Olexander teach computer operation; Ukrainian/ Serving Ukrainian singles of all ages groups' activities and the execution Ripka. The article, titled, "Should English speaking. of operational tasks. believers revive what they once aban­ throughout the United States and Canada. Please call: (212) 288-8660, The External Representation will doned?" attacks the U.S. legislators in For information send a self-addressed or write: disseminate and popularize the docu­ this manner: "...who authorized the stamped envelope to: Ukrainian Institute of America ments of the Ukrainian Helsinki U.S. Congress to interfere in another Single Ukrainians 2 E. 79th SL, New York, N.Y. 10021 Group, and work to increase Western sovereign country's home affairs (the P.Q. Box 24733, Phila,, Pa. 19111 awareness of the plight of human more so in questions which, to say the rights activists in countries that sign­ least, are beyond its mandate and to ed the Helsinki Accords, as well as which it is absolutely incapable of underscore the various rights viola­ addressing)? The solution to this ques­ TO THE WEEKLY CONTRIBUTORS: tions by those signatories. tion is transparent: it is political goals We greatly appreciate the materials - feature articles, news stories, The External Representation has that take priority. An attempt to cast press clippings, letters to the editor, and the like - we receive from our announced that a list of its members aspersions on the policy of the USSR readers. and supporters will be published at a In order to facilitate preparation of The Ukrainian Weekly, we ask later date; the group asks that its thai/theguidelines listed belowfee foHowed. ^АІ^У^ОГ Ш^ І ^.i. /cc. efforts be supported by the Ukrai­ ^ore fbCr ^^' ^ News Stories should be sent in not later than 10 days after the nian community at large. (Continued from page 6) there were departed relatives in the occurrence of a given event. family. This reminder of the ancestors Ukrainian SSR... remained on the table along with the Ф Information about upcoming events must be received by noon of paska for a week, until the Sunday of the Monday before the date of The Weekly edition in which the infor­ (Continued from page 7) mation is to be published. Ivano-Frankivske District. Doubting Thomas. Mykola F. Manoylo - soloist of There is much ancient meaning in our Easter traditions, as there is in all of our ^ All materials must be typed and double-spaced. j the Opera arid Ballet'The^trev I People's Artist of the USSR, Khar- holidays. W:e've lost so much along the kiv District. way. But it has to be so, because we no 9 Newspaper and magazine clippings must be accompanied by the | Boris I. Oiiynyk - poet, secretary longer live in a peasant society. So many name of the publication and the date of the edition. | of the USSR Union of Writers and changes have been made for practicality. Г For example, in the Ukrainian Catholic the Union of Writers of Ukraine, ^ Photographs submitted for publication must be black and white | chairman of the Ukraine's Culture Church, the Easter baskets are blessed not Easter morning after Liturgy out­ (or color with good contrast). They will be returned only when so | Fund, Zaporizhzhia District. requested and accompanied by a stamped, addressed envelope. | Yaroslav S. Pidstryhach - aca­ side on the church grounds, but on Easter Saturday, while the Plashcha- demician, Ukrainian SSR Academy 9 Full names and their correct English spellings must be provided. I of Sciences, Lviv District. nytsia (the Holy Shroud) is still in church. And in Winnipeg, the baskets Yevhen F. Stankovych - com­ 9 Persons who submit any materials must provide a phone number ! poser. People s Artist of the Ukrai­ are blessed right in church, in the aisles. In the U.S., they're usually blessed on where they may be reached during the work day if any additional | nian SSR, secretary of the board ої information is required. | Ukraine's Union of Composers, tables in the church halls. Then, after Odessa District. singing "Khrystos Voskres,'' people go Elvira P. Uiyvari — worker, Za- upstairs and pray before the Plashcha- karpattia District. nytsia. :^\ Tamara M. Shchesyuk - hono­ Living in a modern world makes us rary teacher of the Ukrainian SSR, do strange things. But, at least we still GET YOUR INSURANCE Terriopil District. want to do them. My best wishes for a happy Velykden. Khrystos Voskres! LICENSE NOW! Diocese of Stamford Youth Apostolate HURYN MEMORIALS Begin today on your career as a MILLENNIUM OF UKRAINIAN FOR THE FINEST IN CUSTOM MADE UNA Professional Insurance Consultant CHRISTIANITY T-SHIRTS MEMORIALS INSTALLED IN ALL CEME­ Printed gold on turquoise, with small or large TERIES IN THE METROPOLITAN-AREA Licensing classes will begin on April 12, 1988 decal. in sizes L, XL; бО^/о cotton - S9.50 of New York including Holy Spirit in each; in Canadian dollars - S11.80 each. H^mptonburgh, N.Y.. St. Andrew's in South and continue every Tuesday to May 10, 1988, Bound Brook, Pine Bush Cemetery m at 7:00 p.m. Kerhonkson and Glen Spey Cemetery in Glen Spey, New York. at the We offer personal service ^guidance in your UNA HOME OFFICE home. For a bilingual representatives call: 30 Montgomery Street, Jersey City, N.J. IWAN HURYN P.O. Box 121 Part-time and (иІИігле agents needed, ACT NOW CELEBRATING 1000 YEARS Hamptonburgh, N.Y. 109І6 Call: (201) 451-2200 Tel.: (914) 4272684 OF UKRAINIAN CHRISTIANITY ask for NicholasT. Boyko, FICCLU Send check or іТїопеу order to: BOHDAN REKSHYNSKYJ YOUTH APOSTOLATE 45 East 7th Street (course approved or suggested for: NJ,. Pa.^ Del., Md,) c/o Sister Dorothea Mihaiko, SSMl New York. NY. 10003 161 Glenb vr -u. Stamford, Conn. 06902 Tel.: (212) 4776523 AJipw i-'i weeks for delivery. ^ ^ THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 3,1988 No. 14

Ps & Bs donate ф500 for Barvinsky Project Scholarships offered EAST HANOVER, N.J. - At the JENKINTOWN, Pa. - Applica­ most recent meeting of the Ukrainian tions for a special scholarship for American Professionals and Business- students of Ukrainian heritage are now persons Association of New York and being accepted at Manor Junior College. New Jersey on March 19, the associa­ Applicants may be from either Ca­ tion made a S500 contribution to the tholic or Orthodox faith, must have Barvinsky Project. This project came to high academic standing, and must be in connection with the observance of demonstrate financial need as establish­ the 100th anniversary of the birth of the ed by Manor Junior College. noted Ukrainian composer Vasyl Bar- The Wasyl and Josephine Soroka vmsky. Scholarship was made possible through gift of S38,000 from Mr. and Mrs. Wasyl Soroka of Philadelphia. The special scholarship will be awarded annually over a 15-year period. Applications for the fall '88 term are now being accepted by the MJC finan­ cial aid office. Additional information ma'y be received by contacting tht financial aid office at (215) 885-2360, ext, 19, or by visiting the college, located at Fox Chase Road and Forrest Avenue. MJC, a private, Catholic, indepen­ dent college founded in 1947 by the Dr. Stefan Semchyshyn, vice-president of the Ukrainian Professionals and Ukrainian Sisters of St. Basil the Great, Businesspersons Association, handing a check over to Roman Sawycky, a offers Hberal arts, transfer and career- representative of the Barvinsky Project. oriented programs of study.

the very foundation of our society, some great and Ivan Dzyuba, a literary publicist and author of The call of... defect, and this defect made possible all the horrors, "Internationalism or Russification?" ^^ XC^ontinued jfrom page 3) which only today are being uncovered; that the quit , ,j "Jt Ц necessaxjf ^q take into account that the KGB ''In the battle of Leningrad, I was heavily of Stalin by far did not explain everything. It was is not just one personi.but -a^ etitire QrgaM:?ation wounded...spent a year in a hospital, and again necessary to study, to seek the real reasons. Thus I which through a long-standing investigation learns ; returned to the front as an apparatchik. As you can sought the true reasons. I read over 'Das KapitaF the psychology of a person, studies his character ,^ see, all of this was very sincere," said Mr. Rudenko. several times and you know, I was finally en­ traits and weaknesses," said Mrs. Rudenko. s^ 'The war with German fascism itself was a lightened. I was enhghtened and seriously began my "They (the KGB) take all this into account and, | multinational war, it was for Ukrainians and for study of political economics...as evident by my although it doesn't always work, they seek a specific ^| Russians and for all the nations of Europe. I had no book, which you probably know, 'Economic moment — perhaps if it were a different moment ^^ doubts about the fairness of this war. Thus when I Monologues'." the person might not break - but occasionally they ^^ was commissar at the front, an apparatchik- The human rights advocate said that evidently, succeed in finding a certain moment, a certain ^ч commissai:?,^ Jvexpqrieaped no innQi dichotomy," he was nut alonev many othc^r-frntMulisei^aM^ r.4ve!afcness in a po'son^ and a moment when the ^ said Mn RUdenkb. '' '^ ^^У the Cbitittiarlist Party were similarly affected, person is in a certain unheaithy state...and therefore ,' "In 1946.. as an invalid I was demobilized and including the late Gen. Petro Grigorenko. Indivi­ it is difficult to pass judgement on those wJiogave .^^^ immediately went to Kiev, where in 1947 my first dual activists continued their activity throughout in," she said. "No one can guarantee how they will book was published. Once more I had no doubts, as the 1960s and 1970s even in the face of KGB harass­ react when caught in a weak moment." secretary of the party organization of the Writers' ment and arrest, he said. Mr. Rudenko also described the conditions in the Union...as editor of the journal Dnipro in 1947-48. "As you can see, when conscience calls, people Mordovian labor camp where he was incarcerated "My first doubts emerged, however, around follow the call of conscience, paying no attention to for seven years, where, he said, "the regimen was 1949, but these certainly were not the doubts that what could happen to them. tnuch easier that of the Ural camps." changed me...that transformed my soul," he said. "But j are people in general willing to sacrifice "I was held with many older people and invalids <'| Those were the days of the so4:alled^ "battle against themsel/es when conscience calls?" he asked. "Such because I was uh iftvkftd of the second class, under ^ cosmopolitanism,' which essentially was an anti- people iarf not in the majority, the ma^^iity^isseksb f; ^й^ЬгуШ did not ha^e to work if light work was Semitic campaign run by the party, said the poet. comprdrnisesi with its own conscience, such that unavailable. His position in the Writers' Union forced him to prosperity, comfort, peace and, after all, responsi­ "Following a prisoners' strike in which I ^ lead this campaign against the Jewish intelligentsia, bilities before family bind a person, and a person participated, however^ I was made an invalid of the |l be said, against his own principles. does not possess the courage for such a step." third class apyspeiittfwo years performing ^ "My deepest doubts, however, emerged after the Both Mr. and Mrs, Rudenko proceeded to especially difficult labor, digging ditches," he said. 20th Congress (of the Communist Party of the dis^iS:s,iiif'response to questions from the staff, While answering questions about how Mrs. Soviet Union). Ttie 20th Congress, with its secret their colleagues and fellow human rights activists, Rudenko managed to smuggle volumes of her address, which Khrushchev delivered, fell so hard on how they decided to form the Ukrainian Helsinki husband's verse out of labor camp, where she was my head, on my back, on my soul, that returning to Group, the process of organizing the group's thoroughly searched, Mr. Rudenko asserted that my former thinking was impossible for me. membership and how the KGB operated against his poem "A Meeting''(Pqbacbennij^Wdru^ ' '^^^ "I could no longer be who I was earlier. I had to ^ members of the group. as the best description of their personal experience ask myself, how was this possible? I came to the Mrs. Rudenko elaborated on how difficult it is to at that time. Thus, the poet read this poem, from the conclusion that .1 could not be explained only by persevere, to maintain one's stand, in the face of collection "Behind Bars" ("Za Gratamy") and the bad character of Stalin, this Was not enough...! KGB tactics, which succeeded, for example, in stirred many of his listeners, including his spouse, came to the conclusion that there was something in breaking Oles Berdnyk, UHG co-founder and poet. to tears.

one of several such bilateral Soviet-American it was entirely subsidized by the academic exchanges conferences sponsored by IREX and the Soviet budget of both countries. Academy of Sciences. There were seven American In this it also differs from the Lviv Symposium, participants, all professors at major universities: because there the budget of the Ukrainian Academy of Lencek, Harkins and Segel from Columbia; Banac Sciences for inviting foreign scholars was very limited. from Yale; Stoltz from the University of Michigan; And this leads to another important matter to which Magosci from the University of Ї oronto; and myself. we must pay serious attention, i.e., the question not The Soviet side had about 10 or 12 participants, only of exchanges as such, but of their format and virtually all from the Institute of Slavistics and sponsorship, and not least of ail the question of Balkanistics. The meeting was purely scholarly — and material resources for bringing them to life.

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lic and Orthodox choirs will participate. "Millennium of Christianity in U- Massachusetts... This will be followed by a luncheon in Parma cathedral... kraine" is emblazoned in the gilded (Continued from page 4) nearby Quincy Market auditorium, (Continued from page 4) horizon of both arches in the Ukrainian nomination for president, issued a with city, state and federal officials as entourage, soldiers and townspeople and English languages, along with the proclamation in commemoration of the well as bishops and clergy in atten­ alike. In the Dnieper River, which flows dates "988-1988." Millennium at a ceremony at the dance. In October, a concert by the throughout the entire piece and sym­ The installation of the mosaic is Massachusetts State House which Bortniansky choir is planned for San­ bolizes the unending faith and mysteries scheduled for September, with a two- designated 1988 as the "Ukrainian ders Theater at Harvard University. of the sacraments, stand the people day celebration and blessing planned Millennium Year." A concert by the Bortniansky choir of being baptized, in traditional garb. for November. The Massachusetts Millennium Toronto is in the planning stages for the The background of the right and left St. Vladimir's has an active Millen­ Committee had sponsored the Bandu- fall. arches depicts the city as it stood in988, nium Committee which publishes a rist Chorus at New England Life Hall in In conjunction with the events listed nestled in the Kievan hills. Under the bimonthly Millennium newsletter and Boston on December 9, 1987. The event above, a booklet explaining the signifi­ left arch stands the city of Kiev and its sponsors lectures, with guest speakers, was widely advertised outside of the cance of the Millennium will be printed. fortifications, while under the right, the every Saturday during Great Lent, Ukrainian community through listings The booklet will give a brief history of church of St. Elijah, a monastery following Vespers. A children's celebra­ in community events calendars in area the Churches and will contain a calen­ symbolically representing the spread of tion is currently being planned for the papers and press packets to radio, dar of events and a listing of churches (Christianity. spring. television and newspapers. and organizations. The committee in January, the exhibit "The Lost plans, funds permitting, to videotape all Architecture of Kiev," which chronicles the proceedings as a historical record so Under the influence... Youth Olympiad... the destruction in the 1930s and 1940s of that future generations will known how (Continued from page 2) (Continued from page 4) some of the most beautiful and oldest their ancestors, who gave us the Chris­ buildings in Kiev, was displayed at the tian faith and the cultural treasures that last war, demands it." elude information about clubs and Massachusetts State House in Doric followed, were honored in the year of Referring to the 15,0(Ю murdered youth organizations that will be partici­ Hall, one of the busiest exhibit loca­ the Millennium. officers, he said: "Where are their pating in the Olympaid. Included will be graves? Do we have glasnost, or not? the Ukraina Sports Association, To­ tions in the city. At both of these events, The Rt. Rev. Archmandrite Andrij Let's talk here in the Sejm about this ronto; Chornomorska Sitch, Newark; leaflets were distributed explaining the Partykevich and the Rev. Alexander national tragedy. ... The nation is Lviv, Cleveland; Tryzub Sports Club, event, a brief description of the fate of Kenez serve as the committee's spiritual waiting for an explanation of the Katyn Philadelphia; and Kryla, Ukrainian the Churches in Ukraine, and the advisors, Joseph Charyna and Orest crime." Sports Association Chicago. significance of Millennium celebrations Szczudluk serve as co-chairmen of the in the West. committee; Jane Yavarow and Maria The media reported on Mr. Bender's Please send donations and write to: Ukrainian American Millennium Olym­ In coming months, the parishes and Kajko are the secretaries; Sherij Kajko, comments, and the next day Foreign piad, 700 Cedar Road, Philadelphia, their choirs will conduct services in the treasurer; Bohdan Zozula, head of the Minister Marian Orzechowski said at a Pa. 19111. churches of their American neighbors finance committee; and Marta Baziuk news conference: "You know that there to share the beauty of Ukraine's reli­ of the Harvard Ukrainian Studies are two versions of that event and that gious heritage. In May, the committee Fund, publicity chairman. supporting one or another is now not a result of objective knowledge of the Share The Weekly will co-sponsor an 6khibit bf Ukrainian To date, honorary members are the facts but of political opinion and religious art at Harvard University's Rev. John Mowatt of Woonsocket, political emotions." Widener Library, which has the largest R.I.; the Rev. Myron Oryhon of Woon­ Slavic collection in the West and conse­ socket; the Rev. Ihor Pelensky of The next day, the Communist Party PRESKO quently attracts the world's best and Ludlow, Mass.; Prof. Omeljan Pritsak, newspaper Trybuna Ludu printed an REALTY most influential scholars in Slavic director, and Dr. Frank Sysyn, asso­ open letter signed by 59 dissidents and ----i--^ 20 years of success studies. ciate director, of the Harvard Ukrai­ intellectuals blaming Stalin and Beria REALTORT Serving all of Westchester SALES - RENTALS - APPRAISALS On June 4, an elaborate procession is nian Research Institute; president of the for the mass murder. The letter urged Soviet intellectuals Dedication to excellence planned, which will culminate at the Massachusetts Senate William Bolger, 185 Roberts Ave., Yonkers, N.Y. 10703 Boston City Hall plaza followed by a UiS. Rep. Brian Donnelly and U.Sv Sen. to prpclain) the truth about Katyn if. X914) 9687610 Moleben in which the Ukrainian Catho­ Edward M. Kennedy. Poland and the Soviet Union were to Multiple Listing Service forge a new relationship "devoid of Valentina Presko Ukrainian National Association servility, lies and the threat of force." SEEKS TO HIRE PART TIME AND FULL TIME THE PERFECT GIFT Experienced INSURANCE AGENTS or GENERAL AGENTS GOLD TRIDENT -- fluent in Ukrainian and English: JEWELRY S WATCHES Toronto, Montreal, Edmonton, Winnipeg and other areas from Leads supplied -salary not draw - plus override - all benefits. Write or telephone: EMBLEMS OF THE WORLD Mr. JOHN HEWRYK Supreme Director for Canada Ventnor. N.J. 08406 327 Mc Adam Ave. P.O. Box 2224 Winnipeg. 4. Man. Canada R2W 0B3 Send tor tree brochure Call Toll Free 1-800-872-3600 Tel: (204) 582-8895 Ukrainian National Association, Inc. 30 Montgomery Street, Jersey City. N. J. 07302 UKRAINIAN HERITAGE DEFENSE COMMITTEE _^ Tel.: (201) 451-2200 and the SUPREME EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE of the UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION cal\ upon you to DONATE FUNDS for their work and actions: 1. To promote the Ukrainian Story 2. To counter rnaccuracies about Ukrainians 3. To protect the civil rights of Ukrainians Please mail donations by check or money-order to: UKRAINIAN HERITAGE DEFENSE FUND c/o Ukrainian National Association 30 Montgomery Street, Jersey City, NJ. 07302 and include the following form, completed with the amount of donation, your name aлd address Amount of donation 14 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 3,1988 No. 14

committed crimes during the Stalin era tened" those with whom he disagreed, articles of the Criminal Code used Ukrainian writer... and why those who were released from as occurred during his celebrated meet­ against them." (Continued from page 2) the camps and rehabilitated were not ing with representatives of the Soviet Mr. Musiyenko provided concrete They were also troubled by the incon­ restored to office but simply given creative intelHgentsia. examples of attempts by Ukrainian sistencies and half-measures inherent in modest pensions and forgotten. In short, according to Mr. Musi­ writers in the 1950s and 1960s to apply the de-Stalinization that Khrushchev Mr. Musiyenko acknowledged that yenko, Khrushchev was a leader who what is now called glasnost to pressing launched. the Khrushchev period was, despite all attempted "to ride two horses at the national, social, and ecological pro­ Mr. Musiyenko recounted how as a its shortcomings, "a hopeful decade of same time that were pulling in different blems in Ukraine — attempts that were young journalist who wanted to write Socialist renewal" of Soviet society, the directions." blocked. He also pointed out that the about the, repression of some of Lenin's most important feature of which was stigma of "bourgeois nationalism" was former colleagues - the writer's father the abandonment of terror, "the liqui­ What made Brezhnevism possible? used as a weapon against those "who was a victim of the Stalin terror — he dation of the special camps for political had the natural gift of critical thinking had found it impossible to gain access to prisoners," and the rehabilitation of the As for Brezhnev, Mr. Musiyenko and who were sincerely concerned the locked archives. It was also difficult innocent victims of Stalin's repressions. went just about as far as anyone else has about the fate of their land and their for him to understand why there were All the same, the writer was critical of during the recent campaign of denigra­ people." no public trials of those known to have Khrushchev, whom he portrayed as "a tion of this Soviet leader and his era, green-eyed product of his times" who which is now euphemistically termed Musiyenko's proposals . Seeking full-time live-in had mastered "the morality and ethical "the period of stagnation." Sooner or standards of the period of the cult of later, the writer said, "we will have to Mr. Musiyenko ended his remarkable HOUSEKEEPER personality." Hence, the man respon­ provide an exhaustive answer to our speech with a series of recommenda­ . Please call after 8 p.m. sible for dethroning Stalin was also the children and grandchildren" how, after tions to his fellow Ukrainian writers that, as he puts it, aims at "cleansing (201) 894-1895 leader who crudely "shouted, stamped the condemnation of "the cult of perso­ his feet, waved his fists at, and threa- nality" and the tendencies associated ourselves of the nucleons of slavery that with it, it was possible to slip back into have eaten their way even into the some of the bad ways. cellular tissue of our bones, of the slime Pittsburgh and Western Pennsylvania Essentially, the writer sees what of conscious deception, of fear, servility and a lack of self-esteem." DISTRICT COMMITTEE OF UNA BRANCHES happened under Brezhnev as a partial reversion to Stalinist practices. He First and foremost, he said, the of argued that during the Brezhnev years: Ukrainian Writers' Union should start PITTSBURGH AND WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA "the administrative command struc­ by pressing for the full rehabilitation of tures that had been formed during the all the Ukrainian writers who were not ANNOUNCES THAT ITS period of the cult of personality were rehabilitated in the 19S0s and 1960s. renewed, together with the administra­ Their works should then be published ANNUAL tive command style of leadership, the and popularized. Second, the erasure of diktat of the bureaucratic-functionary national memory should be halted and DISTRICT COMMITTEE MEETING apparatus, [and] the violation df Socia­ "the blank spots in the history and list legality on the basis of the so-called culture" of the Ukrainian nation re­ Will be held right by 'telephone.' " moved. Third, the nation's "creative Sunday, April 17, 1988, at 3 p.m. - sharp forces" should consolidate and "inten­ at the 600 Glenwood Avenue, Ambridge, Pa. In defense of Ukrainian writers sify" their work. Mr. Musiyenko con­ All members of the District Committee, Convention Delegates, Branch Officers cluded by emphasizing how crucial the of the following Branches are requested to attend without fail: A considerable part of Mr. Musi­ present period is: the future depends on yenko's speech was devoted to exa­ "the civic position" that Ukrainian 24, 41, 53, 56, 63, 91, 96, 109,113, 120, 126, 132, 161, mining this difficult fate of Ukrainian writers will adopt today. 264,276,296,338,481. literature under Soviet rule. Limitations -V PROGRAM: of space do not permit a thorough Who is Oleksa Musiyenko? 1. Opening discussion of this no less candid and 2. Election of presidium revealing aspect of his address. Suffice it Before concluding, a little informa­ 3. Minutes of preceding meeting to say that the writer took issue with tion about Mr. Musiyenko seems to be 4. Reports of District Committee Officers those, including Vitaliy Korotych, who in order. According to the last biblio­ 5. Discussion on reports and acceptance have recently criticized Ukrainian graphical guide to members of the 6. Election of District Committee Officers writers for not producing anything Ukrainian Writers' Union, the author "from the drawer" equivalent to Ryba- was born on February 25, 1935, in 7. Address Of UNA Supreme President DR. JOHN 0. FLIS Poltava Oblast. After graduating frpm 8. Adoption of District Program for current year kov's "Children of the Arbat." Mr. Musiyenko described in consi­ Kiev University, he worked for a ti6ie 9. Discussion and Resolutions on a liewspaper and in publishing. 10. Adjournment derable detail the damage tc^Ukrainiah literary life caused during the Stalin era A member of the Ukrainian Writers' Meeting will be attended by: and the restrictions that existed even Union since 1963, he is the author of Dr. John 0. Flis, UNA Supreme President after Stalin's death. Defending the several "documentary-historica|l"| record of most Ukrainian writers, he novels. At the congress of Ukrainfen' Andrew Jula, UNA supreme Advisor writers held in June, 1986, Mr. Musi­ DISTRICT COMMITTEE: asserted that: "Soviet Ukrainian litera­ ture was never distinguished by its yenko was elected to the Board of the Andrew Jula, president political duplicity. Our writers never Ukrainian Writers' Union. At present, Dmytro Holowaty, secretary Joseph Nadzak, treasurer wrote for the drawer, [and] for this they he is deputy secretary for ideological frequently got a good scolding or had matters of the party organization of the Kiev branch of the Ukrainian writers' organization. NEW RELEASE! JUST IN! Conclusion The long-awaited second volume of Even this brief recapitulation should make it-evident that Mr. Musiyenko's long and courageous speech is quite ENCYCLOPEDIA OF UKRAINE likely to be remembered as a bench mark in the current revival of Ukraine's cultural and public life. Although G-K Mr. Musiyenko did not dare to IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE challenge the Leninist foundations of the Soviet system, what he says about Edited by Volodymyr Kubijovyc Stalin and his heirs goes beyond what has previously been heard in any official Managing editor Danylo Husar-Struk forum of its kind in Ukraine. Furthermore, the writer's emphasis This is the second of a five-volume work of Ukrainian scholarship in the diaspora; on restoring the suppressed legacy of the last three volumes are scheduled to be released by 1992. Mykola Skrypnyk - the publication of Mr. Musiyenko's speech is the second Price: S125, includes shipping and handling. time in just over two months that University of Toronto Press, Toronto, Buffalo, London, 1988, published for the Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies, the Literaturna Ukraina has devoted consi­ Shevchenko Scientific Society (Sarcelles, France) and Canadian Foundation of Ukrainian Studies, pp. 737. derable attention to this national Com­ munist — is in itself of major signifi­ Edition is rictily illustrated with many color plates, black- and white pictures, and maps. cance. In short, Mr, Musiyenko's entire SVOBODA BOOK STORE approach to the history of Ukraine 30 Montgomery Street, Jersey City, NJ. 07302 under Soviet rule and his view of the New Jprsey residents add б^/о sales tax role of Ukrainian Jiterature are further testimony to Ills present resurgence of ^Jkrainian natioBal assertiveness. No. 14 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY. APRIL 3.1988

who is accused or murdering nearly a assistance from the state of Israel even all pertinent archives; supporting the 4,000 protest. million victims, does not appear on any though he is indigent; and Demjanjuk defense in its fund-raising (Continued from page 3) of the war crimes lists; 9 that the defense has been denied efforts; and praying for Mr. Demjan­ Jr., 22. ^ that the sole documentary evidence access to archival centers in Poland and juk. The Toronto Sun quoted him as against Mr. Demjanjuk, the Soviet- Germany. According to The Toronto Star, the saying, "There's now overwhelming supplied Trawniki identification card, The committee also appealed "to all Canadian Charitable Committee has evidence that John Demjanjuk is inno­ does not even mention Treblinka and people of good will" to prevent a "gross already raised more than S500,000 cent." has been proved a fake by leading miscarriage of justice by: urging Israeli (Canadian) for the Demjanjuk defense. Edward Nishnic, Mr. Demjanjuk's forensic experts, including Dr. Julius authorities to release Mr. Demjanjuk Information is available from: Cana­ son-in-law and head of the John Dem­ Grant, who exposed the Hitler diary due to lack of evidence; demanding that dian Charitable Committee in Aid of janjuk Defense Fund, said, "We have forgeries; the OSI release all documents pertain­ John Demjanjuk's Family, 2118-A witnesses from the Treblinka death 9 that the defendant, unlike Adolph ing to the Demjanjuk case; asking Bloor St. W., Toronto, Ont. M6S 1M8; camp who knew 'Ivan Grozny' very Eichmanh, whose guilt was never in Israeli, Polish, American and German (416)534-1745. well, and they failed to identify John doubt, is not receiving any financial authorities to grant the defense access to Demjanjuk as that 'Ivan Grozny.' " Prior to the prayer service, march and Vienna Conference... rally, supporters to the Demjanjuk (Continued from page 3) defense in Canada. Under the aegis of Warsaw Pact states have been holding the Canadian Charitable Committee in parallel "mandate talks" in Vienna to Aid to John Demjanjuk's Family, set the agenda for conventional arms staged a press conference. Speakers negotiations, the Times reported. included Peter Jacyk, a Toronto busi­ The conclusion of the "mandate nessman who is vice-president of the talks" in Vienna is contingent on a committee, John Demjanjuk Jr. and successful conclusion of the CSCE Mr. Nishnic. talks. However, one of the unanswered The master of ceremonies for the questions that will affect both talks is rally, as well as its organizer, was Borys just how much linkage there should be Sozanski. between them. In its public statement released on the The Soviet delegation at the Vienna occasion of the demonstration, the CSCE meeting has been reluctant Canadian Charitable Committee noted to make firm commitments on freedom that ргез^ coverage of the Demjanjuk of movement and unhindered flow of ease has been biased and sensationa­ mail. And the Soviets have resisted lized. In addition, the statement said, specifying the rights of religious be­ "The prosecution's case is covered lievers, persons who belong to groups extensively and sensationally, wttere as monitoring implementation of the that of the defense, with few exceptions, Helsinki Accords, or national minori­ is reported negatively, inaccurately, or ties — the latter issue being particularly ignored altogether." significant in the wake of protests in The statement went on to point out Armenia and Azerbaijan. (in part): The CSCE review meeting is to re­ ^ that the OSI withheld vital excul­ sume on April 15. Mr. Zimmermann patory evidence from the defense and told The New York Times that if the prevented Polish witnesses who knew Soviets are more forthcoming during "Ivan the Terrible" from testifying: Peter Jacyk, vice-president of the Canadian Charitable Committee in Aid of John the next round of talks, a conclusion is 9 that the name John Demjanjuk, Demjanjuk's Family, addresses Toronto rally. ^^ possible by summer. ^

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Please Allow At Least 10 Weeks For Delivery 16 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 3,1988 No. 14 Easter greetings... PREVIEW OF EVENTS (Continued from page 1) Aprils NEW YORK: The Continuum en­ Slovo, the national Slavic studies on this Resurrection day. semble will perform the final concert honor society. For information call The Hebrew word "Pascha" means NEW YORK: An exhibit of art of its 22nd season of Retrospective Anna Mary Smalley, (215) 865-1352. "to pass over."" If the gifts and fruits of works by Daria Dorosh, "Aspects of Concerts at 8 p.m. in Lincoln Cen­ the Holy Spirit dwell in our Christian Place: New Work 1984-1988," will be ter's Alice Tully Hall, 65th Street and April 16 souls, then this "passing over" or opened with a reception at 6-8 p.m., Broadway, featuring the works of transition follows smoothly in every at the A.I.R. Gallery, 63 Crosby St. Ukrainian composer Valentin Sil­ NEW HAVEN, Conn.: St. Michael's aspect of our lives: there is change or (one block east of Broadway below vestrov, a leading figure of Soviet Youth Group will sponsor a spring transition from discord to unity, from Spring Street). The exhibit will new music, as a tribute on his 50th dance at 8:30 p.m. at St. Michael's hatred to love, from falsehood to truth, continue through April 23. Gallery birthday. The program will include Ukrainian Catholic Church hall, 569 from hypocrisy to sincerity, from apathy hours are: Tuesday-Saturday, 11 four U.S. premieres of his music for George St. The Alex and Dorko band to zeal! a.m. to 6 p.m. chamber orchestra, ensembles and will provide music for dancing. Dear Brothers and Sisters, we, your voice. Tickets are S8 and S6 for Admission is SIO. For information bishops, pray that the Holy Spirit may adults, half-price for students and are and tickets call Omelan Markiw, give life to your faith, your hope and on sale at the Alice Tully Box Office, (203) 776-0021, Ksenia Kyzyk, 389- your love so that in this manner the deed April 7 (212) 362-1911, or through CEN- 2947, or Bohdan Czabala, 735-1927. initiated by St. Volodymyr might be a TERCHARGE, (212) 874-6770. The blessing to all our people during this NEW YORK: Ukrainian composer concert is produced with the assis­ April 17 jubilee year of our Christianity. As we Valentin Silvestrov and Continuum tance of the Ukrainian Music Society celebrate Christ's Resurrection may the will discuss their upcoming concert Inc. and the New York State Coun­ SASKATOON, Sask.: A public Holy Spirit unite all Ukrainians in Alice Tully Hall in tribute on the cil on the Arts. opening and reception for the exhi­ throughout the world into one family. composer's 50th birthday on Robert bit, "Diakow and Romanyk — Con­ May we be united with our brothers and Sherman's ''Listening Room" on temporary Ukrainian Canadian Pot­ sisters in Ukraine and in exile who WQXR-AM at 11 a.m. April 15-17 tery and Weaving," featuring the cannot celebrate this Easter freely and works of potter Ted Diakow and joyfully, for they still shoulder the heavy UNIVERSITY PARK, Pa.: The weaver Carole Romanyk, at 2:30 cross of Good Friday. We pray for them April 9 10th annual Penn State Slavic Folk p.m. at the Ukrainian Museum of with the psalmist: "Let God arise and Festival will be held in the Hetzel Canada, 910 Spadina Crescent E. His enemies will scatter'' (Ps. 68:2). GLASSBORO, N.J.: The second Union Building ballroom on campus The exhibit will run through May 15. We close our greeting with the words state-sponsored Southern New here, Friday and Saturday, 10 a.m. to For information call Al Kachkowski, of one of our Church's most outstand­ Jersey Ethnic Festival will take place 10 p.m. and on Sunday, 1-6 p.m. (306) 244-3800. ing homilists of the 12th century - 11 a.m. to 5 p.m. at the Student Ukrainian participation will include Bishop Cyril Turivsky — words that Center building, Glassboro State pysanka-decorating demonstrations SAN DIEGO: Bishop Inno­ nourished the spirits of our forefathers College. The Committee of Ukrai­ by Nicholas, Peggy and Shana Mis- cent Lotocky of the Eparchy of St. for many centuries: nian Communities of South Jersey, kovsky, performances by the Penn Nicholas in Chicago will conduct the "Brethren! Having seen the Resurrec­ chaired by Alexander Kowbasa, will State Ukrainian Club Folk Ensem­ official pastoral visitation at Our tion of Christ, let us adore Him saying: coordinate Ukrainian participation ble. St. Michael's Ukrainian Dancers Lady of Perpetual Help with a con- You are our God and we know no in each segment of the festival pro­ from Frackville, Pa., and a Ukrai­ celebrated pontifical divine liturgy other. You became a visible human gram, including the arts and crafts nian ensemble from Wilkes-Barre, Pa. at 9:15 a.m., a holy liturgy at 11 a.m. being; You are a God Whom we are able exhibit, educational and cultural Admission is free, as are programs The church is located at 4061 Wi- to know. Let all the earth adore You displays, performances and food. and souvenir buttons. The festival is. nona Ave. A dinner will follow at 1 and sing to You - О Christ... Admission is free. For more infor­ a joint project of the university's p.m. in the parish hall. A donation of Yesterday with the centurion, mation about the Ukrainian pro­ Department of Slavic Languages and SiO for adults, S5 for teens, is re­ Longinus, we called out: Truly You are gram call (609) 691-4497. the Kappa Kappa chapter of Dobro quested. Children may enter free. the Son of God; today, with the angels we say: Truly He is risen.' PREVIEW OF EVENTS, a weekly listing of Ukrainian community events Yesterday with Nicodemus we took open to the public, is a service provided free of charge by The Weekly to the You down from the cross; today, with Ukrainian community. To have an event listed in this column, please send Magdalen we see You alive. information (type of event, date, time, place, admission, sponsor, etc.), along Yesterday, with Joseph we laid You with the phone number, including area code, of a person who may be reached in the tomb; today, like Mary, we hear during daytime hours for additional information to: PREVIEW OF these joyous words: 'Go now, carry the EVENTS, The Ukrainian Weekly, 30 Montgomery St., Jersey City, N.J. news to by brothers and Peter that they 07302. Submissions must be typed and written in the English language. Items are to go to Galilee where they will see .not in compliance with aforementioned guidelines will not be published. me.' And so today, like in Galilee, gathered j^ in this holy church, we joyfully call out: 5SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS5 This is the day that the Lord has made. MILLENNIUM OF Let us rejoice and be glad in it. For CHRISTIANITY . ЄВ8 /.Г1 ^^'^ ^^ broadcast Yours is the kingdom, and Yours, IN UKRAINE Christ, is the power together with the ^ ^ Parma liturgy Father and the most holy and life- PARMA, Ohio - On Sunday, April creating Spirit, now, always and for­ 10, the Voice of America will broadcast ever. Amen." live the Easter divine liturgy from St. The blessing of the Lord be upon you! Vladimir's Ukrainian Orthodox Cathe­ Christ is risen! dral here to Ukraine and other East Truly, He is risen! European countries. The liturgy will begin at 11 a.m. and Given on the 15th day of March 1988 will be served by the Very Rev. Stephen A.D. Hankavich, dean; the Rev. John Nako- nachny, pastor; and the Rev. George Siwko. The Cathedral Choir, directed t Stephen by Oleh Mahlay, will sing the responses. Archbishop of Philadelphia The Voice of America (VOA), an Metropolitan of Ukrainian official service of the United States Catholics in the U.S.A. government, is the global radio network of the U.S. International Communica­ t Basil tions Agency. Bishop of Stamford Other Easter services scheduled at St. Vladimir's are: 11 p.m., Saturday, April 9, Resurrection Matins; 8:30 a.m., t Robert Sunday, April 10; English-language Bishop of St, Josaphat divine liturgy; Diocese in Parma Following all three services, the B. LABELS C. BUMPER STICKERS (4 INCH DIA ) traditional blessing of Easter baskets will take place outdoors on the church t Innocent 100 LABELS US S 10.- 10 STICKERS US S l().- Bishop of St. Nicholas 500 LABELS US S 40.- 100 STICKERS US S ^0.- lawn. l english french german Spanish Portuguese english french gcmian Spanish poriugue: Diocese in Chicago Ukrainian. Ukrainian. Please mail order ith payment to: BUY U.S. SAVINGS BONDS ODUM MILLENNIUM PROJECT P.O. BOX 248, STAT. N For the current rate coll... T -800-1IS-BONDS TORONTO, ONT. M8V 3T2 CANADA