Bamboo Species Source List No. 31 Spring 2011
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$5.00 AMERICAN BAMBOO SOCIETY Bamboo Species Source List No. 31 Spring 2011 This is the thirty-first year that the American Bamboo Several existing cultivar names are not fully in accord with Society (ABS) has compiled a Source List of bamboo plants requirements for naming cultivars. In the interests of and products. The List includes more than 490 kinds nomenclature stability, conflicts such as these are overlooked (species, subspecies, varieties, and cultivars) of bamboo to allow continued use of familiar names rather than the available in the US and Canada, and many bamboo-related creation of new ones. The Source List editors reserve the products. right to continue recognizing widely used names that may not be fully in accord with the International Code of The ABS produces the Source List as a public service. It is Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants (ICNCP) and to published on the ABS website: www.AmericanBamboo.org. recognize identical cultivar names in different species of the Paper copies are sent to all ABS members and can also be same genus as long as the species is stated. ordered from ABS for $5.00 postpaid. Some ABS chapters and listed vendors also sell the Source List. Please see page 3 Many new bamboo cultivars still require naming, for ordering information and pages 54 and following for description, and formal publication. Growers with new more information about the American Bamboo Society, its cultivars should consider publishing articles in the ABS chapters, and membership application. magazine, “Bamboo.” Among other requirements, keep in mind that new cultivars must satisfy three criteria: The vendor sources for plants, products, and services are distinctiveness, uniformity, and stability. Additional compiled annually from information supplied by the information is available from the International Society for vendors. We have tried to record all information accurately, Horticultural Science in the document, “How to name a new but some error is inevitable and information may change cultivar.” The document is available on the Web at: during the life of the Source List. If you find errors, please www.ishs.org/icra/index.htm report them to the Source List editors (see page 3). No guarantee is offered for the reliability of individual vendors, Numeric Limitations but if you feel that a listed vendor has not provided good The species table includes numerics for maximum height, service, you may report your concerns to the editors. maximum diameter, minimum temperature, and sunlight requirements. These numerics are not absolutes, but are Species Table intended to afford a quick, rough, relative comparison among bamboos. They are not a substitute for a deeper The Species Table lists bamboos in alphabetical order by understanding of the cultural requirements and performance botanical name. The botanical name for a species is a of each bamboo in the context of the cultural conditions in binomial comprised of the genus and the specific member of which it will be grown. that genus. For example, the botanical name Phyllostachys aurea, is comprised of the genus, Phyllostachys, and a specific member of that genus, aurea. Common names are Maximum height and diameter: The figures cited for listed beneath the botanical names. For example, maximum height and diameter are only achievable in optimal Phyllostachys aurea is sometimes called Golden Bamboo or growing conditions in a large grove, clump, or forest that has Fishpole Bamboo. been established for as long as a decade or more. Bamboo grown in a pot, a small garden plot, or in less than ideal A species may also have recognized variations. In conditions will likely be substantially smaller than the stated descending order of significance, they are subspecies, maximums. On the other hand, the stated maximums are not variety, and forma. Plants of cultivated origin with intended to indicate world records, but an approximate of the recognized variation may be listed as cultivars and are also largest culms of mature plants grown in favorable conditions. included. Since issue No. 23, the Source List has rationalized the names below species level. Cultivar names are used Minimum temperature: The minimum temperature is the instead of botanical forma names, as they have almost point at which leaf damage begins to appear after a short identical rank and are more appropriate for cultivated, rather exposure to the temperature. Culm and rhizome death than wild plants. Only subspecies, variety, or cultivar names generally occur at much lower temperatures. However, many have been used in this list. variable conditions affect minimum temperature tolerance, including wind, humidity, soil moisture, snow cover, plant maturity, plant health, protection by structures, trees, and American Bamboo Society 2 2011 Source List #31 other plants, and duration and frequency of low variety of languages see: temperatures. A plant may tolerate the minimum temperature http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Bamboo_names.html for a night or two, but may not tolerate weeks at a temperature five degrees warmer. Drying winds and the Japanese names absence of snow cover might kill an immature plant outright, Botanical name whereas a sheltered more established plant might be entirely unscathed. The cold hardiness of a new introduction is only a Hachiku Phyllostachys nigra ‘Henon’ Hoteichiku Phyllostachys aurea best estimate, and revisions are made as more information Kikkochiku Phyllostachys edulis 'Heterocycla' becomes available. Minimum temperatures in the table are Kumazasa Sasa veitchii (not Shibataea kumasaca) only relative approximations. The Source List editors and the Kurochiku Phyllostachys nigra ABS are not responsible for any damage or loss arising from Madake Phyllostachys bambusoides the data provided. Medake Pleioblastus simonii Moso Phyllostachys edulis Sunlight: Sunlight requirements are listed on a scale from 1 Narihira Semiarundinaria fastuosa to 5. A rating of 1 indicates full shade and a 5 indicates full Okame-zasa Shibataea kumasaca sun. Ratings 2 through 4 are intermediate progressions along Yadake Pseudosasa japonica the scale. Most bamboos can grow successfully in a broad Chinese names range of conditions, though the greatest vigor will occur in a narrower range. The numeric ratings for sunlight are only Botanical name relative approximations. For example, a Phyllostachys that Cha Gang zhu Pseudosasa amabilis generally thrives in full sun in the Northeast may prefer Che Tong zhu Bambusa sinospinosa some shading in the intense arid summers of the Southwest. Fang zhu Chimonobambusa quadrangularis Conversely, a Sasa that generally requires mostly shady Fo du zhu Bambusa ventricosa conditions in the Southeast may thrive in full sun in the Gui zhu Phyllostachys bambusoides coastal Pacific Northwest. Keep in mind that other Han zhu Chimonobambusa marmorea conditions are also significant factors. For example, even if a Hong Bian zhu Phyllostachys rubromarginata Fargesia is provided with ideal semi-shaded conditions, it Hou zhu Phyllostachys nidularia Hui Xiang zhu Chimonocalamus pallens may not thrive if air temperature and soil are too hot. Jin zhu Phyllostachys sulphurea Ma zhu Dendrocalamus latiflorus Plant sources: The last column “Plant Sources Vendor Mao zhu Phyllostachys edulis Codes” lists the source code for each vendor. The vendors Qiong zhu Chimonobambusa tumidissinoda corresponding to the source codes and detailed vendor Ren Mian zhu Phyllostachys aurea information are listed on page 38 and following. Shui zhu Phyllostachys heteroclada Wu Ya zhu Phyllostachys atrovaginata Xiang Nuo zhu Cephalostachyum pergracile Products and services: Products and services and the Zi zhu Phyllostachys nigra source codes corresponding to the vendors are listed on page 37. American and foreign vendors are listed on the pages that follow. Some of the products and services sources in English names foreign countries also carry plants, but cannot legally ship Botanical name plants to the United States. Arrow Pseudosasa japonica Descriptions for some vendors may indicate ‘Visits by Beechey Bambusa beecheyana appointment.’ Many growers and product and service Blue Himalayacalamus hookerianus providers are part-time or small business operations without Black Phyllostachys nigra a store or sales staff. If you arrive without an appointment, Buddha's Belly Bambusa ventricosa you may find no one available. To make an appointment, Candy Stripe or Himalayacalamus falconeri Candy cane ‘Damarapa’ phone or e-mail the vendor in advance. Many vendors also offer plants or products for ordering by mail, phone, or the Internet. “Wholesale only” vendors serve only retailers or landscapers and do not offer retail service. Common names Garden books, gardeners, and landscapers frequently refer to bamboos by common names. To help you find corresponding botanical names, the following list includes some of the common names in use in the United States and their botanical equivalents. For additional common names in a American Bamboo Society 3 2011 Source List #31 Credits for assistance Canebrake Arundinaria gigantean Very special thanks to Chris Stapleton. Dr. Stapleton is a Chinese Goddess Bambusa multiplex ‘Riviereorum’ renowned bamboo taxonomist and foremost expert on Old Chinese Thorny Bambusa sinospinosa World montane bamboos. Dr. Stapleton brings a level of Common Bambusa vulgaris technical rigor to the Species List that would not otherwise Dwarf Fern Leaf Pleioblastus distichus Dwarf Whitestripe Pleioblastus fortunei