DOCSLIB.ORG

The Law of the American West: a Critical Bibliography of the Nonlegal Sources

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Law of the American West: a Critical Bibliography of the Nonlegal Sources University of Colorado Law School Colorado Law Scholarly Commons Articles Colorado Law Faculty Scholarship 1987 The Law of the American West: A Critical Bibliography of the Nonlegal Sources Charles F. Wilkinson University of Colorado Law School Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.law.colorado.edu/articles Part of the Environmental Law Commons, Indian and Aboriginal Law Commons, Land Use Law Commons, Law and Politics Commons, Law and Race Commons, Legal Biography Commons, Legal History Commons, Legal Writing and Research Commons, Natural Resources Law Commons, Oil, Gas, and Mineral Law Commons, and the Water Law Commons Citation Information Charles F. Wilkinson, The Law of the American West: A Critical Bibliography of the Nonlegal Sources, 85 MICH. L. REV. 953 (1987), available at https://scholar.law.colorado.edu/articles/1009. Copyright Statement Copyright protected. Use of materials from this collection beyond the exceptions provided for in the Fair Use and Educational Use clauses of the U.S. Copyright Law may violate federal law. Permission to publish or reproduce is required. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Colorado Law Faculty Scholarship at Colorado Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Articles by an authorized administrator of Colorado Law Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. +(,121/,1( Citation: Charles F. Wilkinson, The Law of the American West: A Critical Bibliography of the Nonlegal Sources, 85 Mich. L. Rev. 953, 1051 (1987) Provided by: William A. Wise Law Library Content downloaded/printed from HeinOnline Fri Sep 22 17:49:16 2017 -- Your use of this HeinOnline PDF indicates your acceptance of HeinOnline's Terms and Conditions of the license agreement available at http://heinonline.org/HOL/License -- The search text of this PDF is generated from uncorrected OCR text. -- To obtain permission to use this article beyond the scope of your HeinOnline license, please use: Copyright Information Use QR Code reader to send PDF to your smartphone or tablet device THE LAW OF THE AMERICAN WEST: A CRITICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE NONLEGAL SOURCESt Charles F. Wilkinson* TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION ........................................ 955 II. THE EVENTS .......................................... 960 A. The Turning Points................................ 962 1. The California Gold Rush ...................... 962 2. The Opening of the Public Domain ............. 963 3. Yellowstone National Park...................... 964 4. Indian Allotment .............................. 965 5. Hoover Dam ................................... 966 6. The Post-World War II Boom .................. 967 B. The Epic Conflicts ................................. 968 1. Conquest by Manifest Destiny ................... 968 2. The Mussel Slough Tragedy .................... 969 3. The Johnson County War ...................... 970 4. Water for Los Angeles .......................... 971 5. Hetch Hetchy .................................. 971 6. Alaska Land ................................... 972 III. THE PEOPLE .......................................... 973 A. The Leaders ...................................... 973 1. Lewis and Clark and the Mountain Men ........ 973 2. The Big Four .................................. 975 3. John Wesley Powell ............................ 975 4. John M uir ..................................... 976 5. Gifford Pinchot ................................ 976 6. John Collier ................................... 977 t Copyright © 1987 by Charles F. Wilkinson. * Professor of Law, University of Colorado (Professor of Law, University of Oregon, during the writing of most of this article). B.A. 1963, Denison University; LL.B. 1966, Stanford Univer- sity. - Ed. I appreciate the many and varied comments of Tom Watkins, Patty Limerick, John Leshy, Jim Moony, Larry MacDonnell, Ralph Johnson, and Don Snow. My thanks to my research assistants, Chris Minturn, Sharon Raymond, Karen Lewotsky, Meg Kieran, and Allen Field. Joan Conners was an extraordinary source of ideas, inspiration, and perspective. Thanks also to the students in my Advanced Natural Resources Seminar at Oregon, who debated with me an earlier version of this manuscript. I dedicate this piece to Wallace Stegner, who has depicted the native home of hope in its truest hues. 954 Michigan Law Review [Vol. 85:953 7. The PoliticalFigures of the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s .......................................... 978 8. Wallace Stegner ............................... 979 B. The Subcultures ................................... 980 1. American Indians .............................. 980 2. H ispanics ...................................... 981 3. Mormons ...................................... 982 4. Asian-Americans ............................... 983 5. Farmers,Ranchers, and Cowboys ............... 983 C. The Organizations ................................. 985 1. The ForestService ............................. 985 2. The Navajo Nation ............................. 985 3. The Weyerhaeuser Company .................... 986 4. The Sierra Club ............................... 987 IV. THE TERRAIN ......................................... 988 A. The Natural Systems .............................. 988 1. The Major Watersheds ......................... 988 2. The Great Plains............................... 989 3. The Great Basin ............................... 990 4. The Yellowstone Ecosystem ..................... 991 5. The Pacific Coastline ........................... 992 6. Alaska ........................................ 992 B. The Commodity Resources ......................... 993 1. Minerals ....................................... 994 2. Water ......................................... 995 3. R ange ......................................... 995 4. Tim ber ........................................ 996 C. The Animals and Plants ........................... 997 1. The Grizzly Bear, the Wolf, the Bald Eagle, and the Pacific Salmon ............................. 997 2. Game and Nongame Species .................... 999 3. Old-Growth Timber Stands ..................... 1000 4. Wetlands ...................................... 1000 D. The Texture of the Ground ........................ 1001 V. THE IDEAS ............................................ 1003 A. Open Access to Public Natural Resources ........... 1003 B. Resource Planningand Management ............... 1004 C. Land and Species Preservation...................... 1005 D. Market-Based Economics .......................... 1006 E. Ethnic Pluralism .................................. 1007 F. Cooperation ....................................... 1008 G. Geologic Time ..................................... 1009 VI. CONCLUSION .......................................... 1011 April-May 1987] The Law of the West I. INTRODUCTION We ordinarily associate regionalism with history and literature, not with law. Conceptualizations of legal systems within the United States typically rest on the idea that law comes in three layers - fed- eral, state, and local. In fact, there are at least two major examples of regional bodies of law. One is comprised of two centuries of law and policy involving the South's experience with slavery, segregation, and desegregation. The second set of regional laws exists in the American West. The American West and its distinctive body of law are defined by the combination of several characteristics of climate, terrain, and political geography. Wallace Stegner, whom I count as the wisest ob- server of this region, has said that the two most influential factors of society in the West are its aridity and its high concentration of federal public lands.I Western water, or the lack of it, has determined agricul- tural, ranch, and mineral development; built financial empires; shaped and limited municipal growth patterns; and inspired recreationists, poets, and citizens of all stripes who are drawn to the rivers, streams, creeks, and rivulets coursing down the steep pitches of western can- yons. The public lands matter because of their abundance (they con- stitute about fifty percent of all land in the eleven western states and nearly ninety percent of Alaska land); their economic value; their in- trinsic tendency to create a pattern of dispersed population; and their extraordinary stores of wildlife and beauty. The West has other key characteristics of natural and political ge- ography. The terrain is variously chopped up by rugged mountains and spread out by high plains and desert country. Further, the region holds most of the nation's Indian lands. The Native American acreage is more than many Americans realize - almost six percent of the eleven western states and, after ongoing transfers of public land to Alaska Natives are completed, twelve percent of Alaska. In addition to the effects of their land holdings and cultural traditions, the tribes also have influenced the region during the last quarter-century by their successes in Congress and the courts, which have solidified Indian re- source rights and political power. The rejuvenation of the reservations has sharpened the age-old, uneasy blend of morality, guilt, and melt- ing-pot pragmatism that makes Indianness, and its future, a palpable presence in the West. Some of the same cultural issues are raised in regard to Hispanic and Mormon settlements, although large land holdings are not involved. The aridity, the federal public lands, the Indian lands, the moun- tains, the deserts, and
Load more

Recommended publications
  • UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT NORTHERN DISTRICT of INDIANA SOUTH BEND DIVISION in Re FEDEX GROUND PACKAGE SYSTEM, INC., EMPLOYMEN
    USDC IN/ND case 3:05-md-00527-RLM-MGG document 3279 filed 03/22/19 page 1 of 354 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT NORTHERN DISTRICT OF INDIANA SOUTH BEND DIVISION ) Case No. 3:05-MD-527 RLM In re FEDEX GROUND PACKAGE ) (MDL 1700) SYSTEM, INC., EMPLOYMENT ) PRACTICES LITIGATION ) ) ) THIS DOCUMENT RELATES TO: ) ) Carlene Craig, et. al. v. FedEx Case No. 3:05-cv-530 RLM ) Ground Package Systems, Inc., ) ) PROPOSED FINAL APPROVAL ORDER This matter came before the Court for hearing on March 11, 2019, to consider final approval of the proposed ERISA Class Action Settlement reached by and between Plaintiffs Leo Rittenhouse, Jeff Bramlage, Lawrence Liable, Kent Whistler, Mike Moore, Keith Berry, Matthew Cook, Heidi Law, Sylvia O’Brien, Neal Bergkamp, and Dominic Lupo1 (collectively, “the Named Plaintiffs”), on behalf of themselves and the Certified Class, and Defendant FedEx Ground Package System, Inc. (“FXG”) (collectively, “the Parties”), the terms of which Settlement are set forth in the Class Action Settlement Agreement (the “Settlement Agreement”) attached as Exhibit A to the Joint Declaration of Co-Lead Counsel in support of Preliminary Approval of the Kansas Class Action 1 Carlene Craig withdrew as a Named Plaintiff on November 29, 2006. See MDL Doc. No. 409. Named Plaintiffs Ronald Perry and Alan Pacheco are not movants for final approval and filed an objection [MDL Doc. Nos. 3251/3261]. USDC IN/ND case 3:05-md-00527-RLM-MGG document 3279 filed 03/22/19 page 2 of 354 Settlement [MDL Doc. No. 3154-1]. Also before the Court is ERISA Plaintiffs’ Unopposed Motion for Attorney’s Fees and for Payment of Service Awards to the Named Plaintiffs, filed with the Court on October 19, 2018 [MDL Doc.
    [Show full text]
  • Payment of Taxes As a Condition of Title by Adverse Possession: a Nineteenth Century Anachronism Averill Q
    Santa Clara Law Review Volume 9 | Number 1 Article 13 1-1-1969 Payment of Taxes as a Condition of Title by Adverse Possession: A Nineteenth Century Anachronism Averill Q. Mix Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.law.scu.edu/lawreview Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Averill Q. Mix, Comment, Payment of Taxes as a Condition of Title by Adverse Possession: A Nineteenth Century Anachronism, 9 Santa Clara Lawyer 244 (1969). Available at: http://digitalcommons.law.scu.edu/lawreview/vol9/iss1/13 This Comment is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at Santa Clara Law Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Santa Clara Law Review by an authorized administrator of Santa Clara Law Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. COMMENTS PAYMENT OF TAXES AS A CONDITION OF TITLE BY ADVERSE POSSESSION: A NINETEENTH CENTURY ANACHRONISM In California the basic statute governing the obtaining of title to land by adverse possession is section 325 of the Code of Civil Procedure.' This statute places California with the small minority of states that unconditionally require payment of taxes as a pre- requisite to obtaining such title. The logic of this requirement has been under continual attack almost from its inception.2 Some of its defenders state, however, that it serves to give the true owner notice of an attempt to claim his land adversely.' Superficially, the law in California today appears to be well settled, but litigation in which the tax payment requirement is a prominent issue continues to arise.
    [Show full text]
  • The Story Kings County California
    THE STORY OF KINGS COUNTY CALIFORNIA By J. L. BROWN Printed by LEDERER, STREET & ZEUS COMPANY, INC. BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA In cooperation with the ART PRINT SHOP HANFORD, CALIFORNIA S?M£Y H(STORV LIBRARY 35 NORTH WE<" THE STORY OF KINGS COUNTY TABLE OF CONTENTS FRONTISPIECE by Ralph Powell FOREWORD Chapter I. THE LAND AND THE FIRST PEOPLE . 7 Chapter II. EXPLORERS, TRAILS, AND OLD ROADS 30 Chapter III. COMMUNITIES 43 Chapter IV. KINGS AS A COUNTY UNIT .... 58 Chapter V. PIONEER LIFE IN KINGS COUNTY 68 Chapter VI. THE MARCH OF INDUSTRY .... 78 Chapter VII. THE RAILROADS AND THE MUSSEL SLOUGH TROUBLE 87 Chapter VIII. THE STORY OF TULARE LAKE 94 Chapter IX. CULTURAL FORCES . 109 Chapter X. NATIONAL ELEMENTS IN KINGS COUNTY'S POPULATION 118 COPYRIGHT 1941 By J. L. BROWN HANFORD, CALIFORNIA FOREWORD Early in 1936 Mrs. Harriet Davids, Kings County Li­ brarian, and Mr. Bethel Mellor, Deputy Superintendent of Schools, called attention to the need of a history of Kings County for use in the schools and investigated the feasibility of having one written. I had the honor of being asked to prepare a text to be used in the intermediate grades, and the resulting pamphlet was published in the fall of that year. Even before its publication I was aware of its inadequacy and immediately began gathering material for a better work. The present volume is the result. While it is designed to fit the needs of schools, it is hoped that it may not be found so "textbookish" as to disturb anyone who may be interested in a concise and organized story of the county's past.
    [Show full text]
  • 2008 OAH Annual Meeting • New York 1
    Welcome ear colleagues in history, welcome to the one-hundred-fi rst annual meeting of the Organiza- tion of American Historians in New York. Last year we met in our founding site of Minneap- Dolis-St. Paul, before that in the national capital of Washington, DC. On the present occasion wew meet in the world’s media capital, but in a very special way: this is a bridge-and-tunnel aff air, not limitedli to just the island of Manhattan. Bridges and tunnels connect the island to the larger metropolitan region. For a long time, the peoplep in Manhattan looked down on people from New Jersey and the “outer boroughs”— Brooklyn, theth Bronx, Queens, and Staten Island—who came to the island via those bridges and tunnels. Bridge- and-tunnela people were supposed to lack the sophistication and style of Manhattan people. Bridge- and-tunnela people also did the work: hard work, essential work, beautifully creative work. You will sees this work in sessions and tours extending beyond midtown Manhattan. Be sure not to miss, for example,e “From Mambo to Hip-Hop: Th e South Bronx Latin Music Tour” and the bus tour to my own Photo by Steve Miller Steve by Photo cityc of Newark, New Jersey. Not that this meeting is bridge-and-tunnel only. Th anks to the excellent, hard working program committee, chaired by Debo- rah Gray White, and the local arrangements committee, chaired by Mark Naison and Irma Watkins-Owens, you can chose from an abundance of off erings in and on historic Manhattan: in Harlem, the Cooper Union, Chinatown, the Center for Jewish History, the Brooklyn Historical Society, the New-York Historical Society, the American Folk Art Museum, and many other sites of great interest.
    [Show full text]
  • American Book Awards 2004
    BEFORE COLUMBUS FOUNDATION PRESENTS THE AMERICAN BOOK AWARDS 2004 America was intended to be a place where freedom from discrimination was the means by which equality was achieved. Today, American culture THE is the most diverse ever on the face of this earth. Recognizing literary excel- lence demands a panoramic perspective. A narrow view strictly to the mainstream ignores all the tributaries that feed it. American literature is AMERICAN not one tradition but all traditions. From those who have been here for thousands of years to the most recent immigrants, we are all contributing to American culture. We are all being translated into a new language. BOOK Everyone should know by now that Columbus did not “discover” America. Rather, we are all still discovering America—and we must continue to do AWARDS so. The Before Columbus Foundation was founded in 1976 as a nonprofit educational and service organization dedicated to the promotion and dissemination of contemporary American multicultural literature. The goals of BCF are to provide recognition and a wider audience for the wealth of cultural and ethnic diversity that constitutes American writing. BCF has always employed the term “multicultural” not as a description of an aspect of American literature, but as a definition of all American litera- ture. BCF believes that the ingredients of America’s so-called “melting pot” are not only distinct, but integral to the unique constitution of American Culture—the whole comprises the parts. In 1978, the Board of Directors of BCF (authors, editors, and publishers representing the multicultural diversity of American Literature) decided that one of its programs should be a book award that would, for the first time, respect and honor excellence in American literature without restric- tion or bias with regard to race, sex, creed, cultural origin, size of press or ad budget, or even genre.
    [Show full text]
  • Delta Narratives: Saving the Historical and Cultural Heritage of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta
    Delta Narratives: Saving the Historical and Cultural Heritage of The Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta Delta Narratives: Saving the Historical and Cultural Heritage of The Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta A Report to the Delta Protection Commission Prepared by the Center for California Studies California State University, Sacramento August 1, 2015 Project Team Steve Boilard, CSU Sacramento, Project Director Robert Benedetti, CSU Sacramento, Co-Director Margit Aramburu, University of the Pacific, Co-Director Gregg Camfield, UC Merced Philip Garone, CSU Stanislaus Jennifer Helzer, CSU Stanislaus Reuben Smith, University of the Pacific William Swagerty, University of the Pacific Marcia Eymann, Center for Sacramento History Tod Ruhstaller, The Haggin Museum David Stuart, San Joaquin County Historical Museum Leigh Johnsen, San Joaquin County Historical Museum Dylan McDonald, Center for Sacramento History Michael Wurtz, University of the Pacific Blake Roberts, Delta Protection Commission Margo Lentz-Meyer, Capitol Campus Public History Program, CSU Sacramento Those wishing to cite this report should use the following format: Delta Protection Commission, Delta Narratives: Saving the Historical and Cultural Heritage of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, prepared by the Center for California Studies, California State University, Sacramento (West Sacramento: Delta Protection Commission, 2015). Those wishing to cite the scholarly essays in the appendix should adopt the following format: Author, "Title of Essay", in Delta Protection Commission, Delta Narratives: Saving the Historical and Cultural Heritage of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, prepared by the Center for California Studies, California State University, Sacramento (West Sacramento: Delta Protection Commission, 2015), appropriate page or pages. Cover Photo: Sign installed by Discover the Delta; art by Marty Stanley; Photo taken by Philip Garone.
    [Show full text]
  • MJF PMJF Listing LCIF0067
    MJF/PMJF Listing Run Date: 7/13/2011 3:53:14PM Multiple District 4 District 4 C1 Ident 0220 CALIFORNIA Melvin Jones Fellow MJF Completion Date PMJF Award Most Current - Completion Date CALIFORNIA ALTURAS (001941) TIM L. WATTS (549449) 03/07/2008 ANDERSON (001942) BEVERLY A FICKES (1157937) 04/29/2011 Melanie L Hunter (2849451) 02/07/2011 Willis O' Brien (1163310) 06/04/2007 PMJF - 1 diamond y.g. 04/30/2008 JAMES OWENS (1163311) 05/16/2007 MANUEL G. SOUSA (2177932) 12/21/1987 BIG VALLEY (001945) EUGENE EVANS (1179440) 02/24/1998 JAMES KNAPP (1103994) 04/28/1993 PMJF - 2 diamond y.g. 02/22/2005 BROWNSVILLE RAINBOW (044808) LA VERA PEDIGO (1761709) 12/12/2005 BURNEY (001946) THOMAS LOU BANYARD (1184813) 08/14/2004 WILLIAM E HOVIS (1195570) 06/01/2005 E WALT LIBAL (2409597) 05/29/2008 NEIL LYONS (1200957) 02/25/2008 PMJF - 1 diamond y.g. 03/18/2008 STANLEY E STORY (1211681) 01/16/1991 CHESTER (001947) EDWIN S BUTLER (1217048) 10/24/1995 ED NEUMAN (2285737) 07/12/1996 RUSS NEWMAN (2285732) 12/08/1993 EIRWIN F. SELBY (2177933) 05/14/1990 CHICO BREAKFAST (001949) JOANN M BIEGLER (1238504) 04/26/2011 ROCKY A BURKS (1238506) 02/11/1993 LINDA L DUNNING (1243865) 10/13/1998 DAVID GENTLES (2285742) 08/30/2001 FREDERICK L HOTES (1249232) 09/18/1987 MAXWELL R. LEE (2177942) 09/18/1987 PMJF - 2 diamond y.g. 07/08/1992 ROBERT E. PASCH (2177940) 03/25/1993 CHICO HOST (001948) TED KIRKPATRICK (716095) 03/22/2002 COTTONWOOD (001953) MAX BALSDON (1281413) 11/06/2003 ALFRED F.
    [Show full text]
  • A Geographer Looks at the San Joaquin Valley Author(S): James J
    American Geographical Society A Geographer Looks at the San Joaquin Valley Author(s): James J. Parsons Source: Geographical Review, Vol. 76, No. 4 (Oct., 1986), pp. 371-389 Published by: American Geographical Society Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/214912 Accessed: 03-03-2015 21:30 UTC Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. American Geographical Society is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Geographical Review. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 128.120.217.1 on Tue, 03 Mar 2015 21:30:26 UTC All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions A GEOGRAPHER LOOKS AT THE SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY* JAMES J. PARSONS ABSTRACT. A lavishness of scale and an extraordinarydiversity of crops, orchards, and vineyards characterize the intensively developed, irrigated agriculture of the San Joaquin Valley. The complexity of its patterns and environmentalproblems, its diverse ethnic groups, and the adaptationsand human decisionsfrom which it is always evolving make the valley a place of excitement,subtle beauty, and grandeurwith crucialimportance for the society and economy of California. A venerable tradition of cultural geography is the scholarly attention de- voted to ordinary landscapes and regions.
    [Show full text]
  • Delta Narratives-Saving the Historical and Cultural Heritage of The
    Delta Narratives: Saving the Historical and Cultural Heritage of The Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta Delta Narratives: Saving the Historical and Cultural Heritage of The Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta A Report to the Delta Protection Commission Prepared by the Center for California Studies California State University, Sacramento August 1, 2015 Project Team Steve Boilard, CSU Sacramento, Project Director Robert Benedetti, CSU Sacramento, Co-Director Margit Aramburu, University of the Pacific, Co-Director Gregg Camfield, UC Merced Philip Garone, CSU Stanislaus Jennifer Helzer, CSU Stanislaus Reuben Smith, University of the Pacific William Swagerty, University of the Pacific Marcia Eymann, Center for Sacramento History Tod Ruhstaller, The Haggin Museum David Stuart, San Joaquin County Historical Museum Leigh Johnsen, San Joaquin County Historical Museum Dylan McDonald, Center for Sacramento History Michael Wurtz, University of the Pacific Blake Roberts, Delta Protection Commission Margo Lentz-Meyer, Capitol Campus Public History Program, CSU Sacramento Those wishing to cite this report should use the following format: Delta Protection Commission, Delta Narratives: Saving the Historical and Cultural Heritage of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, prepared by the Center for California Studies, California State University, Sacramento (West Sacramento: Delta Protection Commission, 2015). Those wishing to cite the scholarly essays in the appendix should adopt the following format: Author, "Title of Essay", in Delta Protection Commission, Delta Narratives: Saving the Historical and Cultural Heritage of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, prepared by the Center for California Studies, California State University, Sacramento (West Sacramento: Delta Protection Commission, 2015), appropriate page or pages. Cover Photo: Sign installed by Discover the Delta; art by Marty Stanley; Photo taken by Philip Garone.
    [Show full text]
  • Proquest Dissertations
    RICE UNIVERSITY The Internment of Memory: Forgetting and Remembering the Japanese American World War II Experience by Abbie Lynn Salyers A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE Doctor of Philosophy APPROVED, THESIS COMMITTEE: Ira Gruber, Harris Masterson Jr. Professor Chair, History hOv^L Lora Wildenthal, Associate Professor History Richard Stolli Kiofessor Political Science! HOUSTON, TEXAS MAY 2009 UMI Number: 3362399 Copyright 2009 by Salyers, Abbie Lynn INFORMATION TO USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleed-through, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMI® UMI Microform 3362399 Copyright 2009 by ProQuest LLC All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 Copyright Abbie Lynn Salyers 2009 ABSTRACT The Internment of Memory: Forgetting and Remembering the Japanese American Experience During World War II by Abbie Salyers During World War II, over 100,000 Japanese American were confined in relocation and internment camps across the country as a result of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's Executive Order 9066. While many of their families were behind barbed wire, thousands of other Japanese Americans served in the US Army's Military Intelligence Service and the all-Japanese American 100th Infantry and 442nd Regimental Combat Team.
    [Show full text]
  • Contemporary Indigenous Fiction by Women Writers in The
    ROOTS TO ROUTES: CONTEMPORARY INDIGENOUS FICTION BY WOMEN WRITERS IN THE UNITED STATES, CANADA, AUSTRALIA, AND NEW ZEALAND By PAULA ANCA FARCA Bachelor of Arts West University of Timi şoara Timi şoara, Romania 1999 Master of Arts West University of Timişoara Timi şoara, Romania 2000 Master of Arts Oklahoma State University Stillwater, Oklahoma State University 2003 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for The Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY December, 2009 ROOTS TO ROUTES: CONTEMPORARY INDIGENOUS FICTION BY WOMEN WRITERS IN THE UNITED STATES, CANADA, AUSTRALIA, AND NEW ZEALAND Dissertation Approved: Dr. Edward P. Walkiewicz Dissertation Adviser Dr. Linda Leavell Dr. Lindsey Claire Smith Dr. Doren Recker Dr. A. Gordon Emslie Dean of the Graduate College ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank all of those who have influenced and supported me throughout the years, whether in the academic field or in my personal life. My dissertation is dedicated to my parents, Angela and Mircea Sârbu, who gave me life and taught me how to live it. I thank them for their love, encouragement, support, and memorable advice. I would also like to express my wholehearted appreciation to my wonderful husband, George, for his love, luminous personality, words of encouragement, patience, and understanding. I am grateful to my enthusiastic little muse, my son, Sergiu Patric, who was born during the writing of my dissertation; he offers me much joy and many laughs every day. I would also like to thank my brother, Vlad, for the love and support he has always given me.
    [Show full text]
  • The Octopus, Resurfaced: California and the Southern Pacific Railroad, 1874-1894
    ABSTRACT THE OCTOPUS, RESURFACED: CALIFORNIA AND THE SOUTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD, 1874-1894 This thesis seeks to examine the extent to which Californians and the Southern Pacific Railroad were at odds during the twenty-year span from 1874–1894 through the framing of Frank Norris’s 1901 work, The Octopus, a representational yet highly sensational piece depicting antagonisms by one of the earliest American corporations against Californians. Bookending this span are two seminal events that demarcate a change in public sentiment towards the railroad, once thought to be a harbinger of progress and prosperity for the Golden State. In 1874, the San Francisco Chamber of Commerce sought to establish an oversight committee to regulate “extortionate” railroad freight rates and passenger fares. In 1894, in what has come to be known as the Pullman Strike, American Railway Union members in California brought the state to a virtual standstill in opposing the Southern Pacific’s decision to support Pullman and halt their locomotives without the sleeping cars attached. Contemporary scholarship on the Southern Pacific has shifted from a traditional narrative asserting the existence of an all- encompassing and corrupt railroad “Octopus” to propel a revisionist, almost apologist position imparting the beneficial contribution made by the Southern Pacific Railroad and Company towards the state. This work argues and examines a lesser-supported position that the Octopus existed, though uniquely or differently among the varying social strata of Gilded Age California in the late nineteenth-century. Michael G. Wilson December 2019 THE OCTOPUS, RESURFACED: CALIFORNIA AND THE SOUTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD, 1874-1894 by Michael Gregory Wilson A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History in the College of Social Sciences California State University, Fresno December 2019 © 2019 Michael G.
    [Show full text]