DOCSLIB.ORG

Current Challenges in Seeking Justice for Serious Crimes of the Past B Number 18, Year 6, December 2013 Editorial

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Number 18, year 6, December 2013 Magazine of the Due Process of Law Foundation (DPLF) Current challenges in seeking justice for serious crimes of the past B Number 18, year 6, December 2013 www.dplf.org Editorial n 2013, several important trials took place for crimes committed during the dictatorships in Latin America. These trials showed us, on one hand, that the investigation and punishment of those acts remain unfinished tasks in Ithe region, and on the other hand, that national courts have become the new leaders in the fight against impunity. The central role of the victims and the -or ganizations that support them must be given due recognition. At the same time, the genocide conviction of Efraín Ríos Montt in Guatemala and the decisions in the cases concerning extrajudicial executions at Barrios Altos and La Cantuta in Peru show us that, amid ups and downs, prosecutors and judges are willing to render independent decisions and use international law as a complement to domestic law in addressing the legal issues raised by the investigation and pun- ishment of these types of crimes. In order to bring attention to this evolution in judicial systems with respect to the serious crimes of the past, DPLF has conducted new research on Latin Ame- rican case law over the past two years. The result is volume II of the Digest of Latin American Jurisprudence on International Crimes. This updated work examines new emblematic decisions, highlighting the debates that have arisen in constitutional and criminal law contexts and the innovative legal alternatives that have been crea- ted to deal with challenges such as the passage of time in evidence gathering and the high number of victims. The author of both volumes of the digest, Professor Ximena Medellín, shares her thoughts on these topics in this issue of Aportes. As we will see in this issue, court cases involving acts of the past do not reflect the same degree of progress in every country, and in some places there have been significant setbacks. In the articles, well-known experts from the region take us from Guatemala to Argentina, reporting on the continuing challenges to transi- tional justice. Naomi Roht-Arriaza, professor of law at the University of Califor- nia Hastings College of the Law and chair of DPLF’s Board of Directors, writes about the impact of the trial of Ríos Montt. Professor Juan Pablo Albán of San Francisco University in Quito discusses the efforts to bring cases from Ecuador’s Truth Commission to trial. Leonardo Hidaka reviews the issues faced in the trials from the dictatorship in Brazil; Carlos Rivera, of the Instituto de Defensa Legal in Lima, analyzes the significance of the trial of the perpetrators of the Barrios Altos massacre; and Gastón Chillier and Lorena Balardini, of the Centro de Estudios Legales y Sociales in Buenos Aires, share the recent advances in Argentina concer- ning sex crimes committed during the dictatorship. With regard to Colombia, the only country in Latin America with an ongoing armed conflict, we include articles that provide different perspectives on the scope and potential limits of the duty to prosecute grave human rights violations in the context of a possible peace process. Although they present inconsistencies and reflect the structural weaknesses of national institutions, the cases examined in this edition of the journal are notable for various reasons. Not least, they represent an example for other regions of the world that are transitioning from anti-democratic regimes and debating the role of national justice in the prosecution and punishment of those responsible for grave human rights violations in the past. We hope that these reflections are useful and, as always, we are grateful for any comments. Katya Salazar Executive Director Due Process of Law Foundation Number 18, year 6, December 2013 Number 18, year 6, December 2013 1 Number 18, year 6, December 2013 Editor: Katya Salazar Coordination and editing: Leonor Arteaga English language copy editor: Cathy Sunshine Translation: Aimee Sullivan Design: Miki Fernández Magazine of the Due Process of Law Foundation (DPLF) In this Issue Reflections on international law and transitional justice P. 30 Is There an Institutional Policy in Colombia that P. 1 Toward the Consolidation of Justice for International Acknowledges the Memory of the Victims of the Crimes in Latin America: From Constitutional Debate Conflict? to Criminal Cases Camila de Gamboa Ximena Medellin Ecuador P. 8 Transitional Justice and Violations of Economic, P. 33 From the Truth Commission to Criminal Justice in Social, and Cultural Rights Ecuador: Still a Long Way to Go Clara Sandoval César Duque P. 10 The wheels of international criminal justice grind slowly P. 35 Unfinished Reconciliation: The Process of Bringing for Hissène Habre Cases from Ecuador’s Truth Commission to Court Max du Plessis Juan Pablo Albán P. 13 Transitional justice has a new United Nations thematic El Salvador P. 38 Challenges to justice in El Salvador: Is the Amnesty Law rapporteurship an obstacle to the prosecution of acts committed during Team DPLF the armed conflict? Leonor Arteaga Truth and justice processes in Latin America Guatemala Argentina P. 42 The Trial of Ríos Montt P. 15 New Challenges in the Process of Justice for Crimes Naomi Roht-Arriaza against Humanity in Argentina: Civilian Complicity and Crimes against Sexual Integrity P. 44 Impact of the genocide trial on the Guatemalan justice system Gastón Chillier and Lorena Balardini Marco Antonio Canteo Brazil P. 18 Accountability for Gross Human Rights Violations in Peru Brazil: The Araguaia Case and Its Repercussions P. 49 Transitional Justice in Post-Conflict Peru: Progress and Setbacks in Accountability Efforts Leonardo Jun Ferreira Hidaka Jo-Marie Burt Chile P. 22 Human Rights Trials in Chile 15 Years P. 55 Barrios Altos: The Failed Attempt to Reverse Justice after the Pinochet Case Carlos Rivera Uruguay Cath Collins P. 58 Procedural Rights and the Obligation to Investigate Colombia and, Where Appropriate, Prosecute and Punish the P. 26 Transitional Justice and the Peace Process in Colombia Perpetrators of International Crimes: The Example of Rodrigo Uprimny, Luz María Sánchez, and Nelson Camilo Uruguay Sánchez Jorge Errandonea P. 28 A Legal Framework for Peace with Justice in Colombia Gustavo Gallón Judicial independence and pre-trial detention P. 63 Pre-trial Detention and Legal Culture Luis Pásara 2 Number 18, year 6, December 2013 Reflections on international law and transitional justice Toward the Consolidation of Justice for International Crimes in Latin America: From Constitutional Debate to Criminal Cases Ximena Medellín Associate professor and researcher in the Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas, División de Estudios Jurídicos (CIDE, Center for Research and Teaching in Economics, Legal Studies Division) in Mexico City. or more than five years, a team rules and actions of the criminal of consultants and contribu- courts, when the specific national tors convened by the Due Pro- procedural models permit. Even Fcess of Law Foundation (DPLF) has more importantly, it requires the been working intensely to compile, creation of successful constitution- analyze, and systematize judgments al case law to pave the way for the from Latin American courts that ad- criminal prosecution of individual dress issues that are particularly rel- perpetrators. Toward this end, the evant to the national prosecution of first volume of the Digest of Latin international crimes. The main ob- American Jurisprudence on Inter- jective of our work has been to cre- national Crimes contained a signifi- ate a simple and accessible tool that cant number of decisions that dealt facilitates the work of judges, pros- with issues ranging from the debate ecutors, and litigants involved in of constitutional and international these types of trials and also serves human rights provisions, for exam- as a starting point for the academic ple, to the validity of amnesty laws, discussion of these issues. To date, the applicability of statutes of lim- this project has produced two vol- itations, or even the absence of the umes that together constitute the Di- offenses from the national criminal gest of Latin American Jurisprudence statutes at the time the crimes were on International Crimes. committed. The second volume of Given the impact that this digest the digest includes a greater num- has had on the practice of national litigants, both in Latin Amer- ber of criminal judgments, which are the direct result of the path- ica and in countries outside the region, there is no doubt that our way opened up by the constitutional judgments. main objective has been met. But beyond these specific outcomes, Beyond just the numbers, the transition toward criminal the ongoing analysis of national court decisions has provided our cases—as opposed to the use of constitutional remedies—also team with interesting insights into one of the most important is- seems to have led to the strengthening of certain technical and sues in the transition from dictatorial or totalitarian regimes to argumentative capacities essential to the effective prosecution of substantive democracies: the processes of criminal justice and of macro-criminal phenomena at the national level. Much could be the fight against impunity. said about this subject; nevertheless, bearing in mind the brevity In this regard, one of the most salient aspects of the evo- of this commentary, we will focus on three aspects of particu- lution of Latin American
Recommended publications
  • The Future of Hydropower in Chile

    The Future of Hydropower in Chile

    Journal of Energy & Natural Resources Law ISSN: 0264-6811 (Print) 2376-4538 (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rnrl20 The Future of Hydropower in Chile Lawrence Susskind, Teodoro Kausel, José Aylwin & Elizabeth Fierman To cite this article: Lawrence Susskind, Teodoro Kausel, José Aylwin & Elizabeth Fierman (2014) The Future of Hydropower in Chile, Journal of Energy & Natural Resources Law, 32:4, 425-481, DOI: 10.1080/02646811.2014.11435370 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/02646811.2014.11435370 Published online: 03 Jun 2015. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 101 View Crossmark data Citing articles: 6 View citing articles Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=rnrl20 425 The Future of Hydropower in Chile Lawrence Susskind, Teodoro Kausel, José Aylwin and Elizabeth Fierman*† Existing legal and regulatory frameworks in Chile do not ensure adequate opportunities to address the trade-offs associated with hydropower effectively. As a result, hydro projects have become the focus of intense public protests and legal disputes. This article provides a historical overview of hydro development in Chile, and then analyses three elements of Chile’s hydropower ‘problem’: the need for improved governance of the electricity and water sectors, more comprehensive and timely environmental and social impact assessment, and fuller respect for the rights of indigenous peoples affected by hydropower projects. * Lawrence Susskind is Ford Professor of Urban and Environmental Planning at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Director of the MIT Science Impact Collaborative, Vice Chair of the Program on Negotiation at Harvard Law School and Founder and Chief Knowledge Officer of the Consensus Building Institute.
  • HM 342 the Trial of Alberto Fujimori

    HM 342 the Trial of Alberto Fujimori

    The trial of Alberto Fujimori by Jo-Marie Burt* Jo-Marie Burt witnessed the first week of former President Alberto Fujimori’s trial in Lima as an accredited observer for WOLA. Here is her report. The trial of Alberto Fujimori started on December 10, 2007, which was also the 59th anniversary of the signing of the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Whether he was aware of this irony or not (and he presumably wasn’t; human rights law is not exactly his forte), Fujimori stands accused of precisely the sorts of crimes that the magna carta of human rights protection was meant to prevent: ordering abductions and extra-judicial killings and abuse of authority during his rule from 1990 to 2000. The “mega-trial,” as Peruvians call of it, of their former president is currently limited to charges for which Fujimori was extradited to Peru from Chile in September. These include human rights violations in three cases: the Barrios Altos massacre of 1991, in which 15 people were killed; the disappearance and later killing of nine students and a professor from the Cantuta University in 1992; and the kidnapping of journalist Gustavo Gorriti and businessman Samuel Dyer in the aftermath of the April 5, 1992, coup d’état in which Fujimori closed Congress, suspended the Constitution, and took control over the judiciary with the backing of the armed forces. Fujimori is also charged, in other legal proceedings, with corruption and abuse of authority in four cases, including phone tapping of the opposition; bribing members of Congress; embezzlement of state funds for illegal purposes; and the transfer of $15 million in public funds to Vladimiro Montesinos, de facto head of the National Intelligence Service (SIN).
  • Indigenous Resistance Movements in the Peruvian Amazon

    Indigenous Resistance Movements in the Peruvian Amazon

    City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects 2-2018 The Production of Space: Indigenous Resistance Movements in the Peruvian Amazon Christian Calienes The Graduate Center, City University of New York How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/2526 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] THE PRODUCTION OF SPACE Indigenous Resistance Movements in the Peruvian Amazon By Christian Calienes A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Earth and Environmental Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, The City University of New York 2018 i © 2018 CHRISTIAN CALIENES All Rights Reserved ii The Production of Space: Indigenous Resistance Movements in the Peruvian Amazon by Christian Calienes This manuscript has been read and accepted for the Graduate Faculty in Earth & Environmental Sciences in satisfaction of the dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Date Inés Miyares Chair of Examining Committee Date Cindi Katz Executive Officer Supervisory Committee: Inés Miyares Thomas Angotti Mark Ungar THE CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK iii ABSTRACT The Production of Space: Indigenous Resistance Movements in the Peruvian Amazon By Christian Calienes Advisor: Inés Miyares The resistance movement that resulted in the Baguazo in the northern Peruvian Amazon in 2009 was the culmination of a series of social, economic, political and spatial processes that reflected the Peruvian nation’s engagement with global capitalism and democratic consolidation after decades of crippling instability and chaos.
  • Transitional Justice in the Aftermath of Civil Conflict

    Transitional Justice in the Aftermath of Civil Conflict

    Transitional Justice in the Aftermath of Civil Conflict Lessons from Peru, Guatemala and El Salvador Author Jo-Marie Burt Transitional Justice in the Aftermath of Civil Conflict: Lessons from Peru, Guatemala and El Salvador Author Jo-Marie Burt 1779 Massachusetts Ave., NW, Suite 710 Washington, D.C. 20036 T: (202) 462 7701 | F: (202) 462 7703 www.dplf.org 2018 Due Process of Law Foundation All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Published by Due Process of Law Foundation Washington D.C., 20036 www.dplf.org ISBN: 978-0-9912414-6-0 Cover design: ULTRAdesigns Cover photos: José Ángel Mejía, Salvadoran journalist; Jo-Marie Burt; DPLF Graphic design: ULTRAdesigns Author Acknowledgements iii Author Acknowledgements This report would not have been possible without the generosity of so many friends, colleagues and collaborators whose insights were critical to the preparation of this report. The experience of writing this report helped reinforce my belief that the theory of transitional justice much emanate from, and constantly be nourished from the experiences of those who engage in its day-to-day work: the survivors, the families of victims, the human rights defenders, lawyers, judicial operators, whose labor creates the things we understand to be transitional justice. My first debt of gratitude is to Katya Salazar, Executive Director of the Due Process of Law Foundation (DPLF), and Leonor Arteaga, Impunity and Grave Human Rights Senior Program Officer at DPLF, for their invitation to collaborate in the preparation of a grant proposal to the Bureau of Democracy, Labor and Human Rights, which led to the two-year funded project on transitional justice in post-conflict Peru, Guatemala and El Salvador that is the basis for this report.
  • POLITICAL ECONOMY ANALYSIS of ENVIRONMENTAL CRIMES in PERU Preventing Illegal Gold Mining, Timber and Wildlife Trafficking in Loreto, Ucayali, and Madre De Dios

    POLITICAL ECONOMY ANALYSIS of ENVIRONMENTAL CRIMES in PERU Preventing Illegal Gold Mining, Timber and Wildlife Trafficking in Loreto, Ucayali, and Madre De Dios

    POLITICAL ECONOMY ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CRIMES IN PERU Preventing Illegal Gold Mining, Timber and Wildlife Trafficking in Loreto, Ucayali, and Madre de Dios This publication was produced by the PREVENT Activity (formerly Combatting Environmental Crimes) under Task Order No. 72052719F00002 at the request of the United States Agency for International Development. This document is made possible by the support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development. Its contents are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the U.S. Government. USAID PERU - PREVENT ACTIVITY APPLIED POLITICAL ECONOMY ASSESSMENT Program Title: Prevent USAID Office: USAID/Peru Environment & Sustainable Growth Office Task Order Number: 7205271900002 Contractor: DAI Global, LLC Submitted: September 15, 2020 Authors: Thomas Moore and Claudia D’Andrea Chief of Party: Patrick Wieland CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 INTRODUCTION 6 PURPOSE OF APEA ON ENVIRONMENTAL CRIMES 6 METHODOLOGY 7 STAKEHOLDERS 7 RESEARCH LIMITATIONS 9 GENDER EQUITY AND SOCIAL INCLUSION 10 USAID’S APEA FRAMEWORK 13 DETAILED FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS 14 FOUNDATIONAL FACTORS 14 RULES OF THE GAME 23 THE HERE AND NOW 37 DYNAMICS 46 KEY RECOMMENDATIONS 49 SUMMARY OF KEY PEA FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 51 TABLE OF KEY FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 52 CONCLUSIONS 55 ACRONYMS ACCA Amazon Basin Conservation Association AIDESEP Inter-ethnic Association for the Development of the Peruvian Amazon APEA Applied Political Economy Assessment
  • Diversionary Threats in Latin America: When and Why Do Governments Use the Threat of Foreign Invasion, Intervention, Or Terrorist Attack?

    Diversionary Threats in Latin America: When and Why Do Governments Use the Threat of Foreign Invasion, Intervention, Or Terrorist Attack?

    Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive DSpace Repository Theses and Dissertations 1. Thesis and Dissertation Collection, all items 2019-12 DIVERSIONARY THREATS IN LATIN AMERICA: WHEN AND WHY DO GOVERNMENTS USE THE THREAT OF FOREIGN INVASION, INTERVENTION, OR TERRORIST ATTACK? Searcy, Mason Monterey, CA; Naval Postgraduate School http://hdl.handle.net/10945/64063 Downloaded from NPS Archive: Calhoun NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA THESIS DIVERSIONARY THREATS IN LATIN AMERICA: WHEN AND WHY DO GOVERNMENTS USE THE THREAT OF FOREIGN INVASION, INTERVENTION, OR TERRORIST ATTACK? by Mason Searcy December 2019 Thesis Advisor: Cristiana Matei Second Reader: Tristan J. Mabry Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited. THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK Form Approved OMB REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington, DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED (Leave blank) December 2019 Master's thesis 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. FUNDING NUMBERS DIVERSIONARY THREATS IN LATIN AMERICA: WHEN AND WHY DO GOVERNMENTS USE THE THREAT OF FOREIGN INVASION, INTERVENTION, OR TERRORIST ATTACK? 6.
  • Department of Political Science Major in Politics, Philosophy and Economics

    Department of Political Science Major in Politics, Philosophy and Economics

    DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE MAJOR IN POLITICS, PHILOSOPHY AND ECONOMICS The Latest Military Dictatorship of Argentina 1976-1983 and the Desaparecidos: A Case of Repression of Political Dissent in Authoritarian Regimes Thesis Supervisor: Lorenzo De Sio Candidate: Carlotta Venza ID: 086962 Academic Year 2019/2020 A mamma, papà, Dado e Ale, per l’amore e il supporto incondizionato in ogni mia scelta, errore e successo. A Palermo, casa dalla quale sono sempre scappata, ma alla quale ritornerò sempre. A Roma e ai tre anni più incredibili, spaventosi e felici della mia vita. Alla mia famiglia romana, grazie per essere diventati una casa lontano da casa, grazie per ogni momento passato insieme, di studio, di svago, di felicità e di sconforto, senza di voi nulla avrebbe avuto senso. A los argentinos y a la Argentina, a los recuerdos, a los lugares, al azul del cielo de Buenos Aires, los voy a llevar siempre conmigo. Que nos volvamos a ver. 1 Los amigos del barrio pueden desaparecer Los cantores de radio pueden desaparecer Los que están en los diarios pueden desaparecer La persona que amas puede desaparecer Los que están en el aire pueden desaparecer en el aire Los que están en la calle pueden desaparecer en la calle Los amigos del barrio pueden desaparecer Pero los dinosaurios van a desaparecer Charly García, Los dinosaurios 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................... 4 1. NATIONAL REORGANIZATION PROCESS (1976-1983):
  • Informe Anual DDHH 2014 Co

    Informe Anual DDHH 2014 Co

    INFORME ANUAL SOBRE DERECHOS HUMANOS EN CHILE 2014 © Informe anual sobre derechos humanos en Chile 2014 © Ediciones Universidad Diego Portales, 2014 ISBN: xxx-xxx-xxx-xxx-x Editor general Tomás Vial Solar Edición Sergio Missana Diseño Felicidad Impreso en Chile por Salesianos Impresores S.A. Universidad Diego Portales Dirección de Extensión y Publicaciones Av. Manuel Rodríguez Sur 415 Teléfono (56-2) 676 2000 Santiago de Chile www.ediciones.udp.cl Licencia Creative Commons: Reconocimiento – No comercial – Compartir igual: Los artículos de este libro se distribuyen bajo una Licencia Creative Commons. Pueden ser reproducidos, distribuidos y exhibidos bajo la condi- ción de reconocer a los autores / las autoras y mantener esta licencia para las obras derivadas. Las opiniones, análisis, conclusiones o recomendaciones expresadas en los ar- tículos corresponden a las y los autores. INFORME ANUAL SOBRE DERECHOS HUMANOS EN CHILE 2014 CENTRO DE DERECHOS HUMANOS FACULTAD DE DERECHO ● UNIVERSIDAD DIEGO PORTALES INDICE Presentación 09 1. ¿Una nueva medida de lo posible? Verdad, justicia, memoria y 21 reparaciones pos-dictadura. 2. La huelga, un derecho fundamental. 63 3. Trabajadoras de casa particular: invisibilizadas y discriminadas. 109 4. Territorios indígenas y política pública de entrega de tierra en 157 Chile. 5. Diligencia debida: proyectos de inversión, propiedad sobre 203 los recursos naturales y consulta libre, previa e informada a los pueblos y comunidades indígenas concernidos. 6. El impacto del sistema penitenciario en los derechos humanos: 245 la percepción de las personas privadas de libertad. 7. Medio ambiente y derechos humanos: organismos 291 genéticamente modificados y derechos del obtentor vegetal. 8. Derechos de los migrantes y refugiados.
  • Nunca Más Meets #Niunamenos— Accountability for Pinochet-Era Sexual Violence in Chile

    Nunca Más Meets #Niunamenos— Accountability for Pinochet-Era Sexual Violence in Chile

    NUNCA MÁS MEETS #NIUNAMENOS— ACCOUNTABILITY FOR PINOCHET-ERA SEXUAL VIOLENCE IN CHILE Caroline Davidson* ABSTRACT Chile has been held up as a transitional justice success story. Emerging from a repressive dictatorship to democracy, it has made meaningful progress in grappling with brutal human rights violations through truth commissions and, more recently, criminal trials. Yet, the Chilean human rights prosecutions have a glaring hole. Courts have convicted scores of state agents for enforced disappearance, execution, and torture (or their equivalents in Chilean law at the time), but have failed to meaningfully address sexual violence crimes, even though almost all women detained by the regime were victims of some form of sexual violence, and many were raped. Recent, however, the issue seems to be gaining more judicial attention. This Article explores the question why it has taken so long for Chilean courts to reach the issue of dictatorship-era sexual violence. The reasons include the “pacted” Chilean transition, deficiencies in Chilean criminal law and procedures on sexual violence, lack of resources for sexual violence prosecutions, normalization of violence against women, and the reluctance of survivors to come forward when the likelihood of success was exceedingly low. The Article also examines the confluence of cultural and legal forces—perhaps most importantly, feminist mobilization and greater judicial openness to * Associate Professor, Willamette University, College of Law. I would like to thank the University of Chile’s Faculty of Law for welcoming me as a visiting scholar in 2017–2018 and Willamette University for supporting my sabbatical research. I also must thank fellow participants in the American Society for International Law’s research forum for their valuable suggestions on an early draft of this article, in particular Jorge Contesse.
  • Lessons from Chile for Allocating Indigenous Water Rights in Australia

    Lessons from Chile for Allocating Indigenous Water Rights in Australia

    1130 UNSW Law Journal Volume 40(3) 9 BEYOND RECOGNITION: LESSONS FROM CHILE FOR ALLOCATING INDIGENOUS WATER RIGHTS IN AUSTRALIA ELIZABETH MACPHERSON I INTRODUCTION Australian water law frameworks, which authorise water use, have historically excluded indigenous people. Indigenous land now exceeds 30 per cent of the total land in Australia.1 Yet indigenous water use rights are estimated at less than 0.01 per cent of total Australian water allocations.2 In the limited situations where water law frameworks have engaged with indigenous interests, they typically conceive of such interests as falling outside of the consumptive pool’3 of water applicable to commercial uses associated with activities on land such as irrigation, agriculture, industry or tourism.4 The idea that states must recognise’ indigenous groups, and their ongoing rights to land and resources, has become the central claim of the international indigenous rights movement. 5 Claims for recognition of indigenous land and resource rights are the logical outcome of demands for indigenous rights based on ideas of reparative’ justice.6 The colonisers failed to recognise indigenous rights to land and resources at the acquisition of sovereignty, the argument goes, and the remedy is to recognise those rights now. The dominant legal mechanism BCA, LLB (Hons) (VUW), PhD (Melbourne), Lecturer, School of Law, University of Canterbury. This research was carried out while the author was undertaking a PhD at the University of Melbourne. All translations have been made by the author, with italics used for Spanish language terms. 1 Jon Altman and Francis Markham, Values Mapping Indigenous Lands: An Exploration of Development Possibilities’ (Paper presented at Shaping the Future: National Native Title Conference, Alice Springs Convention Centre, 35 June 2013) 6.
  • Redalyc.Chile: La Persistencia De Las Memorias Antagónicas

    Redalyc.Chile: La Persistencia De Las Memorias Antagónicas

    Política y Cultura ISSN: 0188-7742 [email protected] Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco México Waldman Mitnick, Gilda Chile: la persistencia de las memorias antagónicas Política y Cultura, núm. 31, 2009, pp. 211-234 Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco Distrito Federal, México Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=26711982011 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto Chile: la persistencia de las memorias antagónicas Gilda Waldman Mitnick* Resumen A pesar de los años transcurridos en democracia, en Chile siguen persistiendo las sombras del pasado dictatorial. El país todavía no ha logrado realizar el duelo por un pasado tan doloroso, y las memorias antagónicas y contrapuestas siguen vigentes. Ello se manifiesta, por ejemplo, en los conflictos generados en torno a la conmemoración del 11 de septiembre, en los polémicos debates por los memoriales erigidos en honor de personajes políticos de izquierda y de derecha, así como en las contradictorias mi- radas respecto a uno de los personajes más emblemáticos de la represión dictatorial, Miguel Krassnoff, tal como aparece en dos libros de reciente publicación. Palabras clave: Chile, memorias antagónicas, fechas, memoriales, personajes. Abstract In Chile, in spite of the last eighteen years of democracy, there are still shadows of the dictatorial past. Duel of the painful past hasn’t been yet accomplished, and contradic- tory and antagonistic memories are still playing a crucial role in society and politics.
  • Commissioning Truths Ebook-1

    Commissioning Truths Ebook-1

    COMMISSIONING TRUTHS Essays on the 30th Anniversary of Nunca Más Edited by Robin Kirk Duke Human Rights Center @ the Franklin Humanities Institute Duke University Durham, North Carolina September 20, 2016 All copyrights belong to the original authors, 2016 Smashwords Edition, License Notes This ebook is licensed for your personal enjoyment only. This ebook may not be re-sold or given away to other people. If you would like to share this book with another person, please purchase an additional copy for each recipient. If you’re reading this book and did not purchase it, or it was not purchased for your use only, then please return to Smashwords.com or your favorite retailer and purchase your own copy. Thank you for respecting the hard work of these authors. Contents Acknowledgements Robin Kirk Introduction Robin Kirk A Brief History of Truth Commissions Juan E. Méndez The Emergence of a Universal Right to Truth in Argentina, an essay based on remarks delivered at Duke University on September 19, 2014 Eduardo González C Truth Commissions 30 Years After the CONADEP: Between Innovation and Standardization Kimberly Theidon Hidden in Plain Sight: Children Born of Wartime Sexual Violence Pamela Merchant Truth Telling, Human Rights Litigation and Resilience David Tolbert Thirty Years After Nunca Más : Is the International Community Abandoning the Fight Against Impunity? An e ssay based on remarks delivered at Duke University on March 25, 2016 Keep your ear to the ground, to pain’s surfacing, its gulps for air, its low ragged flight over history’s topography. -- from “The Sound Engineer,” by Ingrid de Kok ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We are grateful for the support of the Josiah Charles Trent Memorial Foundation Endowment Fund, which supported the Commissioning Truths events in 2015-2016.