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Florida Historical Quarterly, Volume 64, Number 3

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Florida Historical Quarterly, Volume 64, Number 3 Florida Historical Quarterly Volume 64 Number 3 Florida Historical Quarterly, Volume Article 1 64, Number 3 1985 Florida Historical Quarterly, Volume 64, Number 3 Florida Historical Society [email protected] Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Full Issue is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Florida Historical Quarterly by an authorized editor of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Recommended Citation Society, Florida Historical (1985) "Florida Historical Quarterly, Volume 64, Number 3," Florida Historical Quarterly: Vol. 64 : No. 3 , Article 1. Available at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq/vol64/iss3/1 Society: Florida Historical Quarterly, Volume 64, Number 3 Published by STARS, 1985 1 Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 64 [1985], No. 3, Art. 1 COVER Parade of the Shriner’s National Convention along Biscayne Boulevard, Miami, in 1929. Biscayne park is on the right as the procession marches to- ward Flagler Street, Papier-maché monuments line the parade route. Photograph courtesy of the archives of the Historical Museum of Southern Florida. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq/vol64/iss3/1 2 Society: Florida Historical Quarterly, Volume 64, Number 3 The Historical uarterly Volume LXIV, Number 3 January 1986 THE FLORIDA HISTORICAL SOCIETY COPYRIGHT 1986 by the Florida Historical Society, Tampa, Florida. Second class postage paid at Tampa and DeLeon Springs, Florida. Printed by E. O. Painter Printing Co., DeLeon Springs, Florida. (ISSN 0015-4113) Published by STARS, 1985 3 Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 64 [1985], No. 3, Art. 1 THE FLORIDA HISTORICAL QUARTERLY Samuel Proctor, Editor Richard J. Junkins, Editorial Assistant Gordon J. Tapper, Editorial Assistant EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD David R. Colburn University of Florida Herbert J. Doherty, Jr. University of Florida Michael V. Gannon University of Florida John K. Mahon University of Florida (Emeritus) Jerrell H. Shofner University of Central Florida Charlton W. Tebeau University of Miami (Emeritus) J. Leitch Wright, Jr. Florida State University Correspondence concerning contributions, books for review, and all editorial matters should be addressed to the Editor, Flor- ida Historical Quarterly, Box 14045, University Station, Gaines- ville, Florida 32604-2045. The Quarterly is interested in articles and documents pertaining to the history of Florida. Sources, style, footnote form, original- ity of material and interpretation, clarity of thought, and in- terest of readers are considered. All copy, including footnotes, should be double-spaced. Footnotes are to be numbered con- secutively in the text and assembled at the end of the article. Particular attention should be given to following the footnote style of the Quarterly. The author should submit an original and retain a carbon for security. The Florida Historical Society and the Editor of the Florida Historical Quarterly accept no responsi- bility for statements made or opinions held by authors. The Quarterly reviews books dealing with all aspects of Florida his- tory. Books to be reviewed should be sent to the Editor together with price and information on how they can be ordered. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq/vol64/iss3/1 4 Society: Florida Historical Quarterly, Volume 64, Number 3 Table of Contents DVELOPMENT OF THE PLAN OF PENSACOLA DURING THE COLONIAL ERA, 1559-1821 Robert B. Lloyd, Jr. 253 REID V. BARRY: THE LEGAL BATTLE OVER THE “BEST LOCATION" IN ORLANDO Jane Quinn 273 READY CASH ON EASY TERMS: LOCAL RESPONSES TO THE DEPRESSION IN LEE COUNRY R. Lyn Rainard 284 NOTES AND DOCUMENTS: THE TONY TOMMIE LETTER, 1916: A TRANSITIONAL SEMINOLE DOCUMENT Harry A. Kersey, Jr. 301 FLORIDA HISTORY RESEARCH IN PROGRESS . 315 BOOK REVIEWS ................................ 329 BOOK NOTES .............................................. 359 HISTORY NEWS . 366 Published by STARS, 1985 5 Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 64 [1985], No. 3, Art. 1 BOOK REVIEWS RACIAL CHANGE AND COMMUNITY CRISIS: ST. AUGUSTINE, FLORIDA, 1877- 1980, by David R. Colburn reviewed by Mary Frances Berry SIX COLUMNS AND FORT NEW SMYRNA, by Charles W. Bockelman reviewed by Thomas W. Taylor FINEST KIND: A CELEBRATION OF A FLORIDA FISHING VILLAGE, by Ben Green reviewed by Jesse Earle Bowden SPEEDWAY TO SUNSHINE: THE STORY OF THE FLORIDA EAST COAST RAIL- WAY, by Seth H. Bramson reviewed by Edward N. Akin GIANT TRACKING: WILLIAM DUDLEY CHIPLEY AND OTHER GIANTS OF MEN, by Lillian D. Champion reviewed by George F. Pearce PERSPECTIVES ON GULF COAST PREHISTORY, edited by Dave D. Davis reviewed by Roger T. Grange FORGOTTEN PLACES AND THINGS: ARCHAEOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES ON AMERICAN HISTORY, compiled and edited by Albert E. Ward reviewed by Kathleen Deagan SPANISH SEA: THE GULF OF MEXICO IN NORTH AMERICAN DISCOVERY, 1500-1685, by Robert S. Weddle reviewed by Paul E. Hoffman SPAIN AND PORTUGAL IN THE NEW WORLD, 1492-1700, by Lyle N. McAlister reviewed by John J. TePaske THE CHEROKEE GHOST DANCE: ESSAYS ON THE SOUTHEASTERN INDIANS, 1789-1861, by William G. McLoughlin, with Walter H. Conser, Jr., and Virginia Duffy McLoughlin reviewed by J. Leitch Wright, Jr. THE PAPERS OF JOHN C. CALHOUN, VOLUME XVI, 1841-1843, edited by Clyde N. Wilson reviewed by Herbert J. Doherty, Jr. CHATTANOOGA: A DEATH GRIP ON THE CONFEDERACY, by James Lee McDonough CANNONEERS IN GRAY: THE FIELD ARTILLERY OF THE ARMY OF TENNESSEE, 1861-1865, by Larry J. Daniel reviewed by James I. Robertson COTTON FIELDS NO MORE: SOUTHERN AGRICULTURE, 1865-1980, by Gilbert C. Fite reviewed by John Hebron Moore THE TWO-PARTY SOUTH, by Alexander Lamis reviewed by Elston Roady THE BLACK WORKER SINCE THE AFL-CIO MERGER, 1955-1980, edited by Philip S. Foner, Ronald L. Lewis, and Robert Cvornyek reviewed by Wayne Flynt No PLACE TO HIDE: THE SOUTH AND HUMAN RIGHTS, VOLUME I, by Ralph McGill No PLACE TO HIDE: THE SOUTH AND HUMAN RIGHTS, VOLUME II, by Ralph McGill reviewed by David R. Colburn LAND GROWTH AND POLITICS, by John M. DeGrove reviewed by Raymond A. Mohl https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq/vol64/iss3/1 6 Society: Florida Historical Quarterly, Volume 64, Number 3 DEVELOPMENT OF THE PLAN OF PENSACOLA DURING THE COLONIAL ERA, 1559-1821 by R OBERT B. L LOYD , J R . E plan of present-day Pensacola reflects the influences of T such colonial powers as Spain, France, and Great Britain. While all shared a common debt to ancient Roman practices of city design, each culture had its own idea of city planning that developed from its own particular history. The imposition of these ideas on Pensacola, and the accommodations that each culture had to make for the preceding one, led to an interesting and unique plan. Pensacola’s first settlement began on August 14, 1559, when Tristán de Luna and his party sailed into Pensacola Bay. The Spanish expedition was composed of thirteen ships carrying 500 soldiers and over 1,000 civilians. Ample supplies were included for the colony. Enthusiastic about the harbor, de Luna believed it to be “the best port in the Indies.“1 According to Spanish law, the first duty of an expedition upon arriving at its destination was to find a suitable settlement site. De Luna wrote to the king of Spain that “the site which has been selected for founding the pueblo [town] is no less good, for it is a high point of land which slopes down to the bay where the ships come to anchor.” The pueblo would thus “command a view of the anchorage.“2 The pueblo, situated adjacent to the bay named Bahia de Santa María Filipina, was to be one of two settlements to secure the northern frontier of Florida against other European inter- vention. The other settlement, and the primary of the two, was to be Santa Elena (Port Royal) on the Atlantic coast. Only about eighty-five settlers—less than ten per cent of the total expedi- tionary force—were to remain in Pensacola; the rest would travel overland to settle in Santa Elena. Robert B. Lloyd, Jr. graduated from Cornell University, and is on the staff of the Catawba Regional Planning Council in Rock Hill, South Carolina. 1. Charles W. Arnade, “Tristan de Luna and Ochuse (Pensacola Bay), 1559,” Florida Historical Quarterly. XXXVII (January-April 1959), 214. 2. Ibid. [253] Published by STARS, 1985 7 Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 64 [1985], No. 3, Art. 1 254 F LORIDA H ISTORICAL Q UARTERLY The plan of the pueblo of Santa María Filipina called for a church, monastery, and governor’s residence fronting a central plaza, as prescribed by Spanish laws. One hundred lots were to be reserved for the families of the soldiers; the remaining forty would belong to the church and the government.3 A grid was to be used for the town’s street layout. According to Spanish cus- tom, the settlement might have had one side of the plaza open to the bay. Within a week of the expedition’s arrival in the bay, disaster struck in the form of a hurricane. The colony grimly managed to survive for two years, but by July 1561 de Luna’s expedition had completely withdrawn. A concurrent attempt to settle Santa Elena also had failed. Stung by the cost and failure of the Florida colonization at- tempt, the Spanish crown was unwilling to attempt another set- tlement along the northern Gulf coast for nearly a century and a half. The plan of the 1559-1561 settlement had no effect on the layout of future settlements at Pensacola. During the intervening years between the 1559 settlement attempt and the next effort at colonization late in the 1600s there was a significant development in Spanish planning theory and practice. This development influenced greatly the later lay- out of Pensacola.
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