The Observer of the Twin City Amateur Astronomers

THE OBSERVER OF THE TWIN CITY AMATEUR ASTRONOMERS

Volume 42, Number 5 May 2017

INSIDE THIS ISSUE:

1Editor’s Choice: Image of the Month – Jupiter 2President’s Log 3Calendar of Celestial Events – May 2017 3New & Renewing Members/Dues Blues/List/Forum 3Subscribing to Our E-Mail List & Forum 4Planets and Bright Stars in Evening Mid-Twilight 5This Month’s Phases of the Moon 5Local Sunrise and Sunset Times for May 5Movement Toward New Observatory: Update #1 6AstroBits – News from Around the TCAA 7Report from the NCRAL 2017 Meeting 8How “GoTo” Telescopes Work 9Becoming an Observer of the Sun – Part 3 12TCAA Photo Gallery 15Education and Public Outreach for April 2017 16May 27th Third POS of 2017 16Remaining POS for 2017 17Telescopes for Sale 18Camp Ondessonk Update #7 - Reminder 18TCAA on Facebook and Twitter 18HowTimeFlies 19Renewing Your TCAA Membership EDITOR’S CHOICE: IMAGE OF THE MONTH – JUPITER 19Treasurer’s Report for April 2017 20Breaking News: A Peek at the Plans… This month’s image is by Tim Stone. Tim writes, “I don’t recall

the exact year I got my first real telescope. It might have been 1970 or 1971. It was a 6” Criterion Dynascope; in that day, it was quite a telescope for an 8th or 9th grade kid. I’ll never forget my first look through that telescope. My dad and I pointed it at Jupiter, put an eyepiece in it, and there it was, bigger than life to me. I could see its twin equatorial belts and its great red spot. To this day I have rarely, if ever, experienced the feeling I had that night. From that night on, Jupiter held a special spot in my heart. “My first feeble attempts at valid astrophotography began in 2008, with my Nikon D200 mounted on a tripod pointed down the eyepiece of my 8” Schmidt-Newtonian, taking afocal images of the Moon. It didn’t take me long to realize the futility of that exercise, so I purchased a cheap Meade Lunar/Planetary Imager, a rudimentary web camera, and began experimenting with using Registax to make The TCAA is an affiliate of the Astronomical League. For better images than was possible with a single-frame DSLR. It didn’t more information about the TCAA, be certain to visit our take me long to try my hand at Jupiter, and by 2010 I was making club website.

Vol. 42, No. 5 The OBSERVER of the Twin City Amateur Astronomers May 2017

decent images of that giant planet. I proudly showed them to my family and friends, all of whom were duly impressed. Then I rediscovered the TCAA and its deep-sky The OBSERVER astrophotography capabilities, and the rest, as they say, is history. is the monthly electronic newsletter of Twin “Fast forwarding to the first four months of 2017, you’d find me stymied by a City Amateur Astronomers, Inc., a registered 501(c)3 non-profit educational seemingly endless cloud cover. By April, I was desperate to take a picture of anything in organization of amateur astronomers the sky. Inspired by Jamey Jenkins’ beautiful solar imagery, and with a couple of nights interested in studying astronomy and with the forecast of a cloud-free, though not terribly transparent night, I decided to try sharing their hobby with the public. my hand again at webcam photography of Jupiter. It was near opposition, so I knew this TCAA OFFICERS & CHAIRPERSONS was the best time to try. So, with Tony Cellini’s help, we hooked up his Point Gray Chameleon to the 12” in the SGO, and away I went, happily recording avi files for President & Director/Property Manager Tim Stone 309-531-2401 stacking and processing. [email protected] “My hopes for the result were not too high. It had been nearly ten years since I’d

Vice President & Director/Publicist tried such a thing, and while the equipment available to me was certainly much higher Darren Erickson 309-336-0103 quality than I’d had all those years ago, my experience had not advanced as far as the [email protected] equipment. The first night had terrible seeing, and the resulting image was not good.

Treasurer & Director/Registered Agent But the weather gifted me with a second night, where seeing was very good, and I got Dave Osenga 309-287-0789 some good quality data. In addition to the monochromatic data from the Chameleon, I [email protected] used the club’s Celestron Skyris full color webcam to get some color data, though not of

Secretary & Director/Historian/Editor equivalent quality. Carl J. Wenning 309-830-4085 “I’ve been working on processing the data for a few nights now. It’s taken that long [email protected] for me to remember how to do it, and to try out some things I’d never tried before to Director & Observing Programs Coord. see how much detail I can tease out of the data. I’m quite surprised at how well the Jim Gibbs 847-808-2232 result turned out. It’s certainly the best image of Jupiter I’ve ever made, by a long shot. [email protected] While there are people out there doing much higher quality planetary imaging, I’m Astronomical League Correspondent quite happy with the progress this result shows. I’m happy enough that perhaps I’ll Robert Finnigan 309-846-9533 keep this up, working to hone my skills some more!” [email protected]

Webmaster Lee Green 309-454-7349 PRESIDENT’S LOG [email protected] As I write this note, I hear rain outside my window. It’s a nice Lighting Education Coordinator sound, and I like it, but it isn’t an astronomy sound. It reminds me Lisa Wentzel unlisted number of a song I learned when I was a child: “Though April showers may [email protected] come your way, they bring the flowers that bloom in May.” I’m Membership Coordinator tempted to rewrite it to something like “…they hide the galaxies that show in May.” Tom Willmitch 309-846-2423 [email protected] That said, the weather is beginning to break up and present us with some clear sky nights. Some of us have taken advantage of those nights already, using the visual Technology Coordinator instrument in the Sugar Grove Observatory to make observations of Jupiter, the moon, Justin Meyer 630-649-0611 [email protected] and some classic springtime deep sky objects. We’ve also done some imaging in the Prairie Sky Observatory. It feels good to get back to some outdoor astronomy. The OBSERVER None of that we’ve not been busy. As you may already know, we are beginning to Carl J. Wenning, Editor in Chief take steps to erect a third observatory at the Sugar Grove Nature Center, to house a Paul Pouliot, Assistant Editor 24” system. Personally, I’m excited about the possibilities of this system. Its long focal Submission deadline end of each month. length will allow us to photograph much smaller objects at a theoretical resolution of

MEMBERSHIP DUES 0.3 arc seconds per pixel! With the adaptive optics setup that will be installed, it may very well be possible to get sub arc second resolution with this system. For the club, the Individual Adult/Family $40 Full-time Student/Senior $25 added facility will allow more participation in imaging activities, and will be yet another (Senior status equals ages 60+) attraction for the public to come and experience the sky as facilities like ours can give. It’s an exciting time to be part of the TCAA. Would you like to participate in the To join, send your name, contact info and dues payment to Dave Osenga, TCAA planning and project execution for this new facility? Just drop me a line. Don’t forget to Treasurer, 1109 N. Linden St., Normal, IL mark the May Public Observing Session on your calendar! I’m looking forward to seeing 61761-1471. you there. Meanwhile, take some time to catch some ancient photons! Clear Skies! Tim Stone, President

Vol. 42, No. 5 The OBSERVER of the Twin City Amateur Astronomers May 2017

CALENDAR OF CELESTIAL EVENTS – MAY 2017 NEW & RENEWING MEMBERS

MORNING PLANETS (5/15): Mercury, Venus, Saturn, Uranus, The following individuals have paid dues for new or and Neptune renewed memberships as of April 25th, 2017. (Others who paid after that date will appear in the June 2017 issue of EVENING PLANETS (5/15): Mars and Jupiter The OBSERVER.)

02 First Quarter Moon – The waxing, half-lit moon rises around midday and sets around midnight. Sharon MacDonald, Tom Willmitch, Kelsey Christensen

06-07 Eta Aquarid Meteor Shower – The Eta Aquarids is an above average shower originating near the star Eta in Aquarius. This shower produces up to 60 meteors per hour DUES BLUES at its peak. The best views are, however, from the southern hemisphere. In the northern hemisphere, the rate can If you have received a “your dues are due” statement reach about 30 meteors per hour. The shower is produced along with the email that brought you this issue of The by dust particles left behind by Comet Halley. The shower OBSERVER, please remit your dues to Mr. Dave Osenga, runs annually from April 19th to May 28th. It peaks this year TCAA Treasurer, 1109 N. Linden St., Normal, IL 61761- on the night of May 6th and the morning of May 7th. The 1471. Dues are currently $25 for seniors (60 years of age waxing gibbous moon will block out many of the fainter and over) and $40 regular. meteors this year. SUBSCRIBING TO OUR E-MAIL LIST & FORUM 10 Full Moon – The Moon will rise at sunset and set at sunrise. This full moon was known by early Native American tribes By subscribing to a group’s mailing list you will receive as the Full Flower Moon because this was the time of year email messages from the group so you won’t have access when spring flowers appeared in abundance. This moon to the group’s web features (like photos, files, links, polls, has also been known as the Full Corn Planting Moon and calendar, etc.) unless members activate it later. The club the Milk Moon. This year apogee occurs nearly at the same has an open email listserv. It is known as the TCAA time as full phase. Hence, will have a mini moon as Yahoogroups listserv. It will be used to share opposed to a supermoon. announcements and reminders about astronomical and club events. To join this main listserv, you must do the 17 Mercury at Greatest Western Elongation – The speedy following: little planet Mercury reaches greatest western elongation 25.8 degrees from the Sun. Look for the planet low in the 1. Subscribe: Send a blank email to TCAA- eastern sky just before sunrise. [email protected] Note: You’ll be sent a confirmation email from the group. Reply to the 18 Last Quarter Moon – The waning, half-lit moon rises confirmation email to activate your subscription. around midnight and sets around midday. 2. Unsubscribe: [email protected] 3. To post a message: [email protected] 25 New Moon – Sets at sunset and rises at sunrise; not visible. A new forum recently has been established that replaces the former VENING KY AP E S M yahoogroups.com imaging group. This

new space will give TCAAers more room to grow the forum Click on either of the icons found here as well as the ability to customize the look and feel of the to access a current evening sky map site. For now, Tony Cellini will be paying for the hosting along with a more detailed celestial service but, if somewhere down the line he should decide events calendar. that he doesn’t want to take on that burden, the host he chose offers free hosting for 503c organizations. So, join the discussion at the new home of the TCAA forums: https://tcaa.clubforums.net. Please note that guests may view all the forums, but registration is required to post. It’s easy and secure.

Vol. 42, No. 5 The OBSERVER of the Twin City Amateur Astronomers May 2017

PLANETS AND BRIGHT STARS IN EVENING MID-TWILIGHT FOR MAY 2017

This sky chart by RobertP D.la Millernets is adrawnnd B forr ig40h northt Sta latituders in butEv mayen inbeg used M idthroughout-Twilig theh continentalt U.S. and southern Canada. It shows the positions of objects in the sky when the Sun’s center is 9 below the western horizon. This corresponds from 47 to 52 minutes after sunset this monthFo.r The M winteray, 2 stars017 are now in the west, spring stars are beginning to crest, and the harbingers of summerTh areis screepingky chart i overs dra thewn f northeasternor latitude 4 0 and de g southeasternrees north, horizons. Mars can still be found in the northwestern evening sky.bu Jupitert may beis now used promi in conentlyntinen shinningtal U.S. ainn dthe so southuthern-southeastern Canada. sky.

Deneb

Vega

29 22 Mars15 8 Capella 1

Aldebaran

E Arcturus Pollux W Betelgeuse

Regulus Procyon Rigel

1 Jupiter 8 15 Spica 22 29 Sirius

Antares

S Evening mid-twilight occurs Stereographic Projection when Sun is 9O below horizon. Map by Robert D. Miller May 1: 47 minutes after sunset. 15: 50 " " " 31: 52 " " "

Vol. 42, No. 5 The OBSERVER of the Twin City Amateur Astronomers May 2017

THIS MONTH’S PHASES OF THE MOON

First Quarter Full Moon Last Quarter New Moon Tuesday, May 2 Wednesday, May 10 Thursday, May 18 Thursday, May 25

All moon phase dates are Central Time. Additional moon phases for the 2017 calendar year can be found by clicking here. Images provided by J. K. Howell of the Champaign-Urbana Astronomical Society & used with permission.

LOCAL SUNRISE AND SUNSET TIMES FOR MAY

From the December solstice to the June solstice, the duration of daylight increases. This occurs in general because sunrises occur earlier and sunsets occur later. The opposite is true from the June solstice to the December solstice. The table below gives times for the Bloomington-Normal area, and will help you plan observations. The times of dawn and dusk in the table below are the beginning and end of astronomical twilight when the sun’s center is 18° below the horizon and it is not contributing light to the night sky.

Event May 1 May 8 May 15 May 22 May 29 Dawn 4:10 AM 3:58 AM 3:47 AM 3:37 AM 3:30 AM Sunrise 5:55 AM 5:46 AM 5:39 AM 5:33 AM 5:29 AM Sunset 7:52 PM 7:59 PM 8:06 PM 8:12 PM 8:18 PM Dusk 9:37 PM 9:48 PM 9:59 PM 10:09 PM 10:18 PM

MOVEMENT TOWARD NEW TCAA OBSERVATORY: UPDATE #1

As was noted in this newsletter last month, Bob Finnigan and Carl Wenning met with SGNC Director Angela Funk on Tuesday, March 7th, to talk about possibility of constructing a third observatory to house the club’s new 24” f/11 telescope. Angela met with Funk’s Grove Cemetery Association President Linda Barstow to talk about the matter on March 14th and, afterward, asked for a formal written statement of what the club is proposing. This was the topic of discussion at the SGNC Foundation Board meeting on March 28th. Receiving a tentative indication of support, the proposal was then forwarded to the Funks Grove Cemetery Association (FGCA) for its consideration. (FGCA owns the land upon which the Nature Center rests.) Tim Stone, Bob Finnigan, and Carl Wenning gathered on Monday, April 17th, to discuss how we might best deliver our proposal for the new observatory to the FGCA Board of Directors. Bob, Tim, and Carl were present for the FGCA Board meeting on April 24th, and were very cordially received. In the estimation of our representatives, our 55-minute meeting went exceptionally well. The Board (consisting of members Gary Huppert, Patricia Braid, Richard Park, Linda Bristow (Treasurer), Eric Funk (Secretary), John Rehtmeyer (Vice president), and Craig Alexander (President) [ed. One was missing but I don’t know who] was very open to our ideas, and listened intently to our descriptions. They were interested in hearing Tim’s remark about SGNC recently being named the #1 nature center in Illinois; cited among the evidence for this ranking was “an astronomical observatory.” We seemed to provide the correct sort of answers to their questions, and the Board was happy to be working with a “known quantity.” Board President Alexander commended the TCAA for its “excellent relationship” with the SGNC, and were happy to know that the TCAA is highly respected by other associations – event to the point of electing Carl to the position of NCRAL Chairman at its recent annual meeting. They were further delighted to know that this telescope would add to

Vol. 42, No. 5 The OBSERVER of the Twin City Amateur Astronomers May 2017

programming efforts of the club, and that its observing room (to be built of concrete, including the roof) could serve as a tornado shelter if the need for such ever arises. An “incentive” amounting to a $50,000 grant of support the SGNC was also reviewed. It was noted that there would be no “strings attached,” and the SGNC was free to do as it will with the money. The only things we request in return is approval, an acceptable location, a suitable construction contract, and a 20-year renewable lease patterned after the existing lease covering SGO and PSO. The location of the new observatory was briefly discussed. We were warned about the need to avoid subterranean powerlines to the north of SGO and the leach bed to the north of the storage barn where we have tentatively placed this structure. It was further mentioned that we have spoken with TCAA member Mark Cabaj about how our new structure might interfere with his existing observatory. Mark, in a recent telephone conversation with Carl, agreed to remove the structure at the end of the summer if need be, so long as we are willing to help with its removal. Near the end of the meeting, President Alexander promised the TCAA a quick answer about approval or rejection of the proposal. The exact location of the observatory will be a separate matter. With the tentative approval, the TCAA can move ahead with the McLean County Zoning Commission to consider approval. Approval also will have to be obtained from the state’s environmental commission that supervises prairies and grasslands that has some say so about how nature center property is managed.

ASTROBITS – NEWS FROM AROUND THE TCAA

 TCAA Board member, officer, and chairperson job descriptions have been posted to the club’s website. Members may view this document at http://tcaa.us/Download/Documents/TCAA_job_descriptions.pdf  TCAA Guide #5 – Coordinating Public Observing Sessions – has been updated following a series of questions from member Mark Cabaj last January. The updated Guide recently was posted to the TCAA website. Check it out at the following URL: http://tcaa.us/TCAAGuides.aspx  Lee Green, Night Sky Network coordinator for the TCAA, announced on April 23rd that we have received the Eclipse Toolkit from the NASA Night Sky Network. The Kit has lots of goodies (see image to left), including 500 eclipse glasses. What a boon!  Tim Stone remarked on April 24th, “While imaging Saturday night, as I stepped outside for whatever reason, I managed to observe a couple of Lyrids. They were relatively bright, but didn't leave a train, as many Lyrids do.”  During NCRAL 2017, members Jeff Struve, Sharon MacDonald, Carl Wenning were checking out Craig Cox’s new Explore Scientific 16” f/4.5 Dobsonian telescope and some of Jeff’s amazing eyepieces on the evening of April 22nd. Everyone was amazed by the views of various eyepieces used to view the M51 dual-galaxy Whirlpool nebula, and the Leo triplet of galaxies (M65, M66, and NGC 3628) in the same field of view. Because the sky was very dark (much darker than is usually experienced at SGNC), spiral structure was clearly evident in M51, and the dark dust lane was quite evident in NGC 3628. Our intrepid observers also happened to observe a bit of diffuse aurora brightening the northern horizon of Lanesboro, Minnesota.  ALCor Bob Finnigan has been working with Treasurer Dave Osenga to get the information necessary to update our membership roster with the Astronomical League. This roster is updated quarterly (January, April, July, and October) to ensure that our members are receiving copies of the Reflector newsletter.  It was recently thought that the TCAA’s video projector had been stolen from its usual storage space in SGO. Following a detailed search by three club members on Monday, April 24th, it could not be found anywhere at the SGNC location. A post to the TCAA Yahoogroups listserv quickly showed that the projector had been removed from the Observatory for

Vol. 42, No. 5 The OBSERVER of the Twin City Amateur Astronomers May 2017

legitimate use by a member. Regardless, TCAAers are asked to notify the Property Manager (preferably in advance) whenever ANY TCAA property is removed from our SGNC facilities.  Tom Willmitch recently reported recently, “Exoplanets have quickly become a hot top among advanced photometric observers at the AAVSO. Today, amateurs are doing incredible publishable work in this cutting-edge field. One reference book that I’ve seen mentioned many times is Bruce Gary's book Exoplanet Observing for Amateurs, now in its second edition. This excellent book is now available as a free .pdf file from the author. You will find it on Gary’s web site, along with several free data-reduction programs: http://brucegary.net/book_EOA/x.htm. Exoplanets offers the TCAA another research path for the new 24-inch, justifying the construction of the telescope. I hope that eventually every member of the organization come to appreciate this latest addition to the TCAA’s incredible observatory. Speaking from experience, I can confidently say that the Sugar Grove and Prairie Sky Observatories equal or surpass many small college astronomical observatories.” Thanks Tom!

REPORT FROM THE NCRAL 2017 MEETING ~ by Carl J. Wenning ~

The Rochester Astronomy Club (RAC) hosted the NCRAL Saturday morning saw three talks. Carl Wenning of the 2017 conference at Eagle Bluff Environmental Learning Twin City Amateur Astronomers started off with a talk about Center just outside of Lanesboro, MN, April 21-23. This his proposal for an annual event serves to bring together members of the North Astronomical Bucket List Central Region of the AL (North & South Dakota, Wisconsin, observing program. Dr. Minnesota, Iowa, Illinois, and the UP of Michigan) once per Armando Manduca of the year for camaraderie, presentations, discussions, and Mayo Clinic in Rochester observing. This year more than 70 registered to attend the followed with a event. By all estimates, this gathering was a resounding fascinating talk about the success, and will serve as a model of “how to do it right” for Hooker 100” telescope at years to come. Mount Wilson and how it This year’s effort was led by John Attewell of RAC. He has proven to be one of was ably assisted by members of his club, including Mike the most productive instruments in the history of Carlin who worked in advance with the speakers to ensure astronomy. Following a group photo and a break, the “seamless” presentations. The site selection was superb, the morning was rounded out with a talk by Dr. Steve Kawaler of housing very nice, the food great, the talks memorable, and Iowa State University who spoke magnificently about how the agenda impeccable. Everything ran on schedule. astronomers are going about their work to find and work out The main program consisted of eight invited speakers the “architecture” of planetary systems using stellar whose presentations were captivating. Activities kicked off variability. on Friday afternoon with two programs by Jeff Boland, Eagle Following lunch, high school teacher Russ Durkee of the Bluff Interpreter, using a portable Star Lab planetarium. On Minnesota Astronomical Society gave a very impressive talk Friday evening, after a scrumptious dinner featuring a baked about the “Shed of Science” that he maintains in his back pork roast entrée, conferees assembled to enjoy the yard just south of downtown Minneapolis/St. Paul. He uses a evening’s offerings. 20” PlaneWave telescope on an AstroPhysics mount under a A warm welcome was provided by NCRAL 2017 light polluted sky to conduct significant scientific work with Chairman John Attewell, and one of the RAC members high school students. Karl Young from the University of provided an excellent summary of AL observing award Minnesota then gave a basic presentation about measuring recipients present at the meeting. He recognized first and the cosmic microwave background using balloon-borne foremost the seven Master Observers present in the group, telescopes. The afternoon’s program was concluded with a and pointed out that among the group were many who had fast-paced review of 500 years of work of the best-known earned from 1-4 and then 9-20 observing program awards. names in astronomy by Dave Falkner of the Minnesota Attendees then listened to a captivating talk by Dr. Astronomical Society. Robert Mutel from the University of Iowa who spoke Following these talks and prior to supper, the NCRAL primarily about low-cost spectroscopy using small annual business meeting was held. Following a society roll telescopes. He focused attention on how both simple (grism call, Secretary-Treasurer Don Klemt read the minutes of the = grating + prism) and complex (echelle) spectroscopes work, last meetings, and gave a current financial report. and what results can be achieved through their use. Vice Chair Charlotte DuPree gave a quick update on the NCRAL Award process, and noted that we have a recipient Copyright © 2017 TCAA 7 All rights reserved.

Vol. 42, No. 5 The OBSERVER of the Twin City Amateur Astronomers May 2017

for 2017 who will be announced just before the keynote the devastating consequences of such an event which left address later in the evening. many listeners shocked. In his Chair’s report, Gerry Kochen thanked Carl Afterward, observers were again “wowed” by a Wenning and Jim Gibbs for resurrecting the Northern Lights perfectly clear and very dark sky with excellent viewing regional newsletter, and thanked to Jeff Stetzer for keeping conditions. The only interference was a light dome to the up the NCRAL website. Gerry reminded everyone of the northwest produced by Rochester, and a continuous glow of importance keeping officer information up to date with the diffuse light spanning the northern horizon which was both the AL national office and NCRAL newsletter editor Carl nothing less than the Northern Lights resulting from a recent Wenning, and the importance of AL observing programs. coronal hole on the sun. Region Representative to the National Council, Carl The program ran like clockwork due to careful Wenning, reported on the 2016 AL Council meeting in detail, ministrations by program Chairman John Attewell. There was and provided a summary of the Astro Con held in Arlington, plenty of time to socialize during well-spaced breaks. The VA, last August. Friday evening social provided the first such opportunity. It A call for nominations was then made followed by was well stocked with refreshments and treats of all sorts, elections with the following results: Carl Wenning, Twin City and continued late into the evening due to the very hazy sky Amateur Astronomers, Chair (term expires 2019); John which began to partially clear just before midnight. Meals Attewell, Rochester Astronomical Society, Vice Chair (term and observing on Saturday evening also provided other expires 2019); Bill Davidson, Rochester Astronomy Club, much needed opportunities to making new acquaintances Region Representative to the National Council (completing and renewing old ones. last two years of Carl’s unexpired 3-year term); and Don The site chosen for the conference was about 40 miles Klemt, Racine Astronomical Society, who will continue as southeast of Rochester, MN, in the rolling hills of south Secretary-Treasurer (term expires 2018). central Minnesota. The Eagle Bluff Environmental Learning After a scrumptious supper featuring roasted chicken Center holds residential programs for youth throughout the breast with wild rice pilaf, the main program continued with year, and is staffed by 12 full-time and 12-part time nature the presentation of the NCRAL Award. This year NCRAL interpreters. There is also a staff responsible for catering the honored Dave Leake of the Champaign-Urbana Astronomical needs of camp residents. The meals were far above the Society in recognition of his long and extensive record of quality normally experienced in other outdoor programs. providing service to the public through amateur astronomy. While we had a good turnout, it’s unfortunate that more The evening ended with the keynote address by Dr. NCRAL members didn’t experience this exemplary meeting. Jennifer Anderson of Winona State University who wowed While it is now history, future hosts should take note about the audience with her impact crater research. She how to host such a meeting by reviewing the NCRAL 2017 figuratively “blew the audience away” by simulating the record. Thanks to John Attewell and the Rochester impact of a 100-meter-wide meteor crashing into Duluth, Astronomy Club conference planning team on doing an Minnesota at 15,000 miles per hour. She went on to describe exceptional job with less than a year to prepare!

HOW “GOTO” TELESCOPES WORK – A FUNCTION OF SPHERICAL ASTRONOMY ~ by Carl J. Wenning ~

When I use my CPC 11-inch “goto” telescope at public observing sessions, I frequently tell those who ask that the automated pointing of the telescope is very easily accomplished. If that this the case, I should be able to explain it in a few sentences…right? So, how does it work? Understanding the telescope’s operation requires a little knowledge of spherical astronomy. Consider the representation of the celestial sphere shown to the right. Let’s start off with a few definitions. O is at the center of the sphere and represents the location of the observer. The great circle NESW is the observer’s horizon. Z is the zenith, the observer’s overhead point. The great circle RDWT is the celestial equator. P is the position of the north celestial pole. Its altitude above the observer’s horizon (NP) is equal to the observer’s latitude, . Because NZ is 90, PZ equals NZ-NP or 90-. X marks the spot of the celestial object to be found with the telescope. H is the hour angle, which is equal to the sidereal time (s.t.) minus the right ascension (α) of the object in question. Angle A is known as the auxiliary angle which equals azimuth when sin(H) < 0 Copyright © 2017 TCAA 8 All rights reserved.

Vol. 42, No. 5 The OBSERVER of the Twin City Amateur Astronomers May 2017

(eastern sky) and 360-A when sin(H)  0. The distance DX is the declination of the celestial object, ; the distance XP is therefore the co-declination or 90-. CX is the altitude, h, of the celestial object; the distance ZX is the co-altitude (90-h) or the zenith distance of X which we label z. Are you still with me? I suspect that some of you have eyes that are about to glaze over! (Stay with me now!) Let’s now apply spherical trigonometry to the celestial triangle PZX to find relationships for h as a function of , , and H.

cos(90 − ℎ) = cos(90 − ) cos(90 − ) + sin(90 − ) sin(90 − ) cos⁡(퐻) which reduces to: sin(ℎ) = sin⁡() sin() + cos() cos() cos(퐻)

Now, H equals sidereal time (s.t.) minus right ascension (α) of object X. Ergo,

⁡sin(ℎ) = sin⁡() sin() + cos() cos() cos(푠. 푡. −⁡α)⁡

Applying the same formula in a different “rotation,” we can find A as a function of , , and z. Applying the cosine law again we get the following:

cos(90° − 훿) = cos(90° − 휙) cos(푧) + sin(90° − 휙) sin(푧) cos(퐴) from which we get via reduction: sin() − sin(휙) cos⁡(푧) cos(퐴) = cos(휙) sin⁡(푧) Because 푧 = 90° − ℎ, we can write: sin() − sin(휙) cos⁡(90° − ℎ) cos(퐴) = cos(휙) sin⁡(90° − ℎ) which simplifies to sin() − sin(휙) sin⁡(ℎ) ⁡cos(퐴) = ⁡ cos(휙) cos⁡(ℎ)

So, to calculate a celestial object’s altitude and azimuth we merely apply the two boxed formulas starting with the solution for h which is subsequently used to find A. Recall that angle A equals the azimuth when sin(H) < 0 (eastern sky) and 360−A when sin(H)  0. The values of  and  are tabulated for each of the 40,000 objects in the CPC 11’s database. These data are updated to the current epoch by adjusting for precession, nutation, proper motion, and both horizontal equatorial and stellar parallax as appropriate. The sidereal time is calculated using the observer’s date, time, latitude, and longitude collected from GPS satellites. Once everything comes together in the telescope’s software, commands are sent by the data processor to the servo motors, redirecting the telescope to the precise location of the object in the sky. The object’s position is updated continuously. The number of rotations of the servo motors are directly related to the angular distance to be covered from the last known position. Nothing could be simpler! Capiche?

BECOMING AN OBSERVER OF THE SUN—PART 3 ~ by Jamey L. Jenkins ~

Directly above the photosphere is the less dense by observing the chromosphere spectroscopically one could chromosphere. Chromatosphere is the actual derivation make out limb features without an eclipse. Today from the Greek, a designation first coined by Frankland and professional and amateur astronomers use a spectroscopic Lockyer in 1869 to mean color-sphere in response to the dispersion instrument, or a specialized filter to observe the vivid hue of the region. We see the chromosphere as the chromosphere at many different wavelengths. Some of the rose-colored ring circling the solar limb during a total eclipse most spectacular events in our solar system become evident of the Sun. in this region of the Sun: prominences, solar flares, and coronal mass ejections. Chromospheric Observing Amateur astronomers for the most part observe the The source of the chromosphere’s hue is its emission at chromosphere at two specific wavelengths of light: 393.4 nm 656.3 nm, within the red region of the solar spectrum. It was (Ca II K-line) or 656.3nm (Hydrogen-alpha line). Suffice it to the French astronomer Janssen who in 1868 discovered that say that these two wavelengths permit a view of the Copyright © 2017 TCAA 9 All rights reserved.

Vol. 42, No. 5 The OBSERVER of the Twin City Amateur Astronomers May 2017

chromosphere at differing heights; in Ca II K from 500-1000 Exploring the chromospheric region nearest the km above the photosphere and in H-alpha approximately photosphere is done handily with a Ca II K filter having a 1500 km. In addition, various solar features which emit light bandpass of only 2.0-3.0 angstrom. This comparatively wide (called emission) at these wavelengths become readily bandpass is acceptable because of the broad width of the Ca visible to the eye. II K line in the solar spectrum; in other words, two to three Ångstroms is sufficient to isolate the Ca II K light from the Equipment for the Chromosphere surrounding continuum light. A popular model in amateur While it is possible to utilize any telescope for circles is the Ca-K Module manufactured by Lunt Solar chromospheric observation, the refractor both optically and Systems. While features visible in Ca II K are interesting, mechanically is best suited for this work. Consider all remember that we’re observing the violet region of the illustrations herein referring to refractor usage. Some basic spectrum and not all eyes are receptive to these terminology is better first defined regarding this specialized wavelengths. In fact, as we age our eyes become less field of study. An etalon is the actual filter that transmits the sensitive to Ca II K. For instance, visually all I can see through selected wavelength of light. To the telescopic kit an energy a Ca II K telescope is a purplish smudge. The best way rejection filter (ERF) or an IR/UV filter is added to lessen the therefore to observe in this region is imaging technology. heat load on the etalon. A telecentric is an amplifying lens On-screen details can be enhanced, and adjusted so views system that increases the effective focal length of a are superior to even those with younger receptive eyes. telescope without creating the converging light rays of a The H-alpha observer is privy to numerous spectacular Barlow lens. features. Visibility of these features is dependent on the bandwidth of the filter system at the point of half maximum transmittance (FWHM). The rule of thumb for visibility is this: the greater an etalon isolates the line of observation from the surrounding continuum, the greater the contrast of a feature. Prominences, which are bright emission features seen before a dark background are visible with an etalon having a maximum bandpass of 10.0-11.0 Ångstroms. However, any disc features unless they are particularly energetic require a bandpass less than one Ångstrom for visibility, in other words less than the width of the H-alpha line in the spectrum. Typical front-loaded H-alpha etalons have a bandpass near 0.7 angstrom and show a wealth of detail. A technique called “double stacking” (in which two etalons are placed in the light path) may decrease bandpass to 0.5 angstrom, as with the Coronado solar telescope in the club’s SGO. Ca II K image showing the appearance of a sunspot and white patchy plage. Multiple stacking (two, three, or even four) etalons will indeed decrease bandpass, but at the sacrifice of image Filter systems for amateur chromospheric observation brightness. Tuning or adjustment of the center wavelength are of two basic designs, what I like to call front-loading or (CWL) of the etalon is done by tilting the filter. end-loading. A front-loading etalon mounts before the Endloading filters are available in a variety of bandpass objective of a refractor while an end-loading etalon inserts in models from 0.8 - 0.2 Ångstrom. Some of the most the light path of the telescope, near but before the eyepiece spectacular views of the Sun I’ve seen were through a 0.2 position. Front-loading etalons initially dominated the Ångstrom Solar Spectrum brand filter. Such etalons require dedicated solar telescope market. End-loading models an incoming light beam of nearly parallel light. A telecentric permit a larger telescopic objective and therefore greater device that provides a focal ratio around f/28-30 is ideal. resolution. End-loaded systems usually require the addition Faster focal ratio systems will broaden the bandpass and of a telecentric device to increase the focal ratio of the decrease image contrast. The TeleVue Powermate amplifier refractor so the etalon functions properly. All systems in one is a suitable telecentric. Endloading filters are also sensitive way or another necessitate the use of an ERF or IR/UV filter to ambient temperature, requiring the filter to be contained to prevent damaging the etalon. A more recent and popular within a heated oven and warmed to a specific operating design incorporates the etalon internally within the temperature. Adjusting this temperature is the means of telescope, kind of a compromise between front and end- controlling the CWL transmittance of the etalon. loading filters.

Vol. 42, No. 5 The OBSERVER of the Twin City Amateur Astronomers May 2017

Features of the Chromosphere pattern reminiscent of the “magnet and iron filings” experiment of our school days. Filaments and Prominences are the same feature. They are cloud-like masses of plasma clinging to and suspended by magnetic fields above the photosphere (within the chromosphere) of the Sun. On the limb prominences appear as a bright emission feature, dancing, flowing, static, and sometimes erupting away from the Sun. Before the disc, filaments are seen in absorption as gray to black elongated threads or clouds floating in the chromosphere. A filament located near an active region (an area of magnetic activity usually containing sunspots) is an active region filament (ARF). If a filament is found in a remote or quiet region of the Sun, it is known as a quiet region filament (QRF). A prominence or filament can become disturbed and erupt away from the Sun; when this occurs, the feature is said to be activated.

Anatomy of the H-alpha chromosphere on the solar disc.

The scope of this article cannot convey all features visible to the Ca II K and H-alpha observer, so the major events will be our focus. For a more detailed discussion, seek out an online resource or a specific book on the subject. Mottles are a general expression term used in the literature to describe details in H-alpha or Ca II K images. Dark mottles generally are a reference to spicules and bright mottles the small bright specks seen at the base of some Prominence forms visible at the Sun’s limb. Clockwise from spicules. the upper left: faint loops and coronal rain, eruptive surge Sunspot Umbrae will be seen in both H-alpha and Ca II K activity, fountain, tornado with a smoke stack. views much as in white light. Quite dark, nearly black pock marks not always with a clearly visible penumbra are a good Prominences take on many forms or shapes. Several description. possible forms are haystack, tree trunk, pillar, mound, Plage, the chromospheric version of faculae, are tornado, loop, and coronal rain. Changes in prominence particularly well seen in Ca II K light and light up noticeably in appearance are often evident minute by minute. H-alpha during even minor flare activity. Because plages Prominence watching is an exciting and fascinating pastime represent the emergence areas of magnetic flux, look for a for the solar observer. separation within the plage defining the North and South Flares constitute one of the more powerful events in centers of the magnetic field. our solar system. A solar flare is usually visible in H-alpha Spicules make up the bright prairie fire which circles the light as a brightening of the plage within an active region. limb of the Sun. Seen in absorption against the solar disc Particularly energetic events can be visible in Ca II K or even spicules are dark, hairy, clustering features. Fibrils are spill to the solar continuum in white light. A flare is the spicules located within an active region in which the extreme sudden release of stored up energy–occurring as magnetic field has drawn out the spicules forming a whirling reconnection events between established magnetic field Copyright © 2017 TCAA 11 All rights reserved.

Vol. 42, No. 5 The OBSERVER of the Twin City Amateur Astronomers May 2017

lines and emerging regions of lower energy flux. This observations. Sunspot counting is how many solar observers realignment generates massive electrical flows that in turn begin; give it a try, and graduate to drawing or imaging produce severe thermals. Ultimately the charged particles active regions. After having learned the basics, move on to and residual magnetic field are accelerated away from the monochromatic observing in Ca II K or H-alpha and explore Sun. It results in an enormous discharge from the Sun into the chromosphere. Research the solar observing programs outer space, sometimes toward the Earth with consequential of the ALPO, AAVSO, and Astronomical League where you solar storms. can connect with other like-minded observers. The Sun is currently entering the low ebb of the latest solar cycle, but don’t let that deter you from pursuing this activity. This is a great time to begin counting sunspots because there is not an overabundance of activity. With few spots the search becomes a challenge rewarded by the find. In the monochromatic colors there usually is activity of some flavor every day, meaning you never know what will be visible until you look. The key to any successful observing program, including solar observing, is to get outside and do it. Planning while necessary should not get in the way of pointing the telescope skyward. Remember the object is enjoying the Changes in appearance of a solar flare. Left to right: rising, wonderful and exciting show visible from your backyard or at maximum, faded. the observatories of the TCAA.

What Now? Jamey Jenkins is a member of the TCAA, and an astronomy

If solar astronomy sounds appealing start off with white enthusiast for over 49 years. He’s the author of The Sun and light observing; the photosphere offers numerous How to Observe It and Observing the Sun: A Pocket Field opportunities for discovering how the Sun works, and helps Guide, both Springer titles. develop the skills necessary for increasingly difficult

TCAA PHOTO GALLERY

H-ALPHA SUN BY JAMEY JENKINS – (April 1, 2017) Jamey writes, “This CALCIUM II K SUN BY JAMEY JENKINS – (April 1, 2017) “The Ca II K week has seen a surge in solar activity…. AR2645 (1608UT) in H- image is of AR2644 and 2647 (1916UT) shows 2644 approaching alpha provides the classic iron filing look through the strung-out the west solar limb. The single spot in the lower left corner of fibrils surrounding the primary spots. The small white dots the pic is 2647. The plage is obvious in this large bi-polar group about the group are micro flares, otherwise known as Ellerman with its separating regions defining the positions of the magnetic bombs.” (Editor: See Jamey’s article above for additional polarities of the group. Several micro flares are visible here too.” information.)

Vol. 42, No. 5 The OBSERVER of the Twin City Amateur Astronomers May 2017

MOON BY TIM STONE – (Reported April 4, 2017) “This is my favorite MOON BY TIM STONE – (Reported April 4, 2017) “Here is Mare section of terminator, stretching from Ptolemaeus to Imbrium and Mare Serenitatis, separated by the mountain Deslandres, with the Straight Wall showing prominently. I'm ranges Montes Apenninus and Montes Caucasus. At the top, happy to have caught a glimpse of it, along with some direct Plato is almost completely shadowed, and Valles Alpes is clearly visual evidence that the stars are still shining, before the cloud visible through the sensor noise.” (Both images hand-held cover blanked the sky out again.” iPhone afocal on the 12".)

MOON BY TIM STONE – (April 11, 2017) “The large crater on the limb is JUPITER BY TIM STONE – (April 11, 2017) “It’s no Damien Peach, but it’s Humboldt, with ruined Petavius in the middle foreground. The dark not bad for a first attempt. Jupiter isn't well placed for the northern floor of Mare Fecunditatis cuts a swath through the lower right.” hemisphere this time around. It’s rather far south, and so seeing heavily impacts the imaging.”

Vol. 42, No. 5 The OBSERVER of the Twin City Amateur Astronomers May 2017

M51 BY TIM STONE – (April 22, 2017) “Just toying around with 12x900 NGC 5907 BY TIM STONE – (April 24, 2017) “Neat galaxy in Draco. Just luminance channel of M51 with the 20-inch telescope and adaptive a quick series, 7x900L on the 20", 4x600RGB on the 16-inch optics from last night. Some good stuff.” telescope.”

MESSIER 94 BY JIM GIBBS – (April 17) Messier 94 (also known as NGC 4736) is a spiral galaxy in the constellation of Canes Venatici. It was discovered by Pierre Méchain in 1781, and catalogued by Charles Messier two days later. Although some references describe M94 as a barred spiral galaxy, the "bar" structure appears to be more oval- shaped. The galaxy has two ring structures. Image taken at SGNC.” VIRGO GALAXY CLUSTER BY TIM STONE – (April 24) “Every year seems to come and go without having acquired a decent image of Markarian's Chain. I had almost lost hope that this would be the year, but this week's break in the weather gave me the opportunity to get some good data of this famous scene. This is 15x900RGB, plus an extra R tossed in for good measure, for a total of 11.5 hours on the 10". Markarian's chain is a lovely string of galaxies, easily traversable visually with even modest telescopes. Photographically, the number of galaxies here is boggling. I'll finally be able to add a good shot of this cluster to my picture book!” Copyright © 2017 TCAA 14 All rights reserved.

Vol. 42, No. 5 The OBSERVER of the Twin City Amateur Astronomers May 2017

M104 BY JIM GIBBS – “The Sombrero Galaxy (also known as Messier Object 104, M104 or NGC 4594) is an unbarred spiral galaxy in the constellation Virgo located 28 million light-years (8.6 megaparsecs) from Earth. The galaxy has a diameter of approximately 50,000 light-years, 30% the size of the Milky Way.” (Reprocessed from May 5, 2016)

EDUCATION & PUBLIC OUTREACH FOR APRIL 2017

With the return of spring and fair weather and clearer skies, the number of monthly E/PO events is on the increase, and it’s not just an uptick; the sizes of the crowds are also on the increase. Carl Wenning presented a Make and Take: Build a Sun Funnel workshop at the April 7-8 meeting of the Illinois Section of the American Association of Physics Teachers at Eastern Illinois University in Charleston. He obtained a small grant to cover expenses for making 25 sun funnels and providing 25 copies of The Great Eclipse: August 21, 2017. Only 5 people attended the workshop, so Carl is willing to hold this workshop again to use up extra supplies. If any Illinois club would like to have Carl present this workshop (30-90 minutes) before this summer’s eclipse of the sun, they should contact him by email at [email protected]. This is not a free workshop; attendees will have to cover Carl’s costs for travel and supplies. He has supplies for an additional 19 sun funnels. Carl thanks Tom Weiland and Dave Osenga for providing the idea and sharing their PowerPoint presentation first given at NCRAL 2016.

Shirley from Ghana works on her sun funnel at EIU workshop. Tom Willmitch viewing the sun using Carl’s sun funnel.

Carl gave two presentations dealing with Faith & Science at Schlarman Academy in Danville, on Wednesday, April 12th. Carl spoke about four themes, each with a follow-up discussion. The themes were the following: Abbe Le Maître & the Big Bang Theory; Saints Thomas Aquinas & Bonaventure; Lord Kelvin and Stanley Jaki; and Galileo and the Catholic Church. He presented to the Senior Theology class (18 students) and to the Junior Theology class (35 students). Lee Green presented Sciencepalooza at Prairieland School in Normal on Thursday, April 20th. Lee had a table set up to share the science of astronomy for the students. Lee noted, “Armed with lenses, we looked at how hand-held lenses could bend light and highlighted the lesson with a look through binoculars. Using a diffraction gratings, we saw how the color of light could be determined. We also had many good discussions about the eclipse, and Kepler's method of discovering exoplanets, and handed out numerous club flyers and eclipse glasses.” Seventy-five member of the public were in attendance. Lee presented Outer Space Weather to 5th graders at East Bay Camp to the Metcalf Outdoor Education program on Wednesday, April 26th.

Vol. 42, No. 5 The OBSERVER of the Twin City Amateur Astronomers May 2017

As this newsletter “goes to press” early this month, Lee is scheduled to present yet again but this time to Scouts camping at SGNC on Friday, April 28th. Mark Cabaj is also slated to present the “Wonders of Jupiter” program at the SGNC Public Observing Session on Saturday, April 29th. Because this newsletter had to “be published prior to that date, details for these latter two events will be presented in the June issue of The OBSERVER.

MAY 27TH THIRD POS OF 2017

The third public observing session for 2017 will take place on Saturday, May 27th. The presentation is titled Summer Binocular Objects, and will be delivered by Darren Erickson. The event will run from 9:00 to 11:00 PM. The program has been described as follows, “You don’t need a large telescope to see object in the Milky Way, or deep space as a matter of fact. Learn what to look for and where you will find it using simple binoculars under a dark night sky.”

Each public observing session includes the following:

• Lecture about the featured object or topic. This 20- to 30-minute presentation, held in the Sugar Grove Nature Center picnic shelter, includes images of and details about the featured sky object or topic as well as information about other interesting objects that might be viewed that evening. • Sky tour using a laser pointer. We step out under the stars to point out the major constellations and planets, and to designate the location of the featured celestial object for the evening if appropriate. • Telescope observing session. We use a wide variety of telescopes at ground level to observe the wonders of the heavens. The Sugar Grove Observatory has an “open house”. Visit to see what’s happening there.

Here is a list of other things to know about our public observing programs:

• Programs will be held even in the event of an overcast sky; active rain, however, will cause a cancellation of the event. On cloudy evenings, the presentation will be given and tours of the Sugar Grove and/or Prairie Sky observatories will be available. Additionally, various images taken by TCAA astrophotographers will be shared via computer display in one of the observatories. • Please dress warmly during cooler months. These are outdoor events; none of the buildings we use are heated. • Please be very careful when driving into and out of the Sugar Grove Nature Center parking lot. At all times there are people, including small children, walking from place to place in the dark. Please park so that your headlights are aimed away from the picnic shelter and telescopes. • You may bring along a flashlight if you wish, but be certain to cover the lens with a red filter so that observers’ dark adaptation isn’t adversely affected. Please aim your flashlight at the ground only. • Please leave pets at home.

You may download an official version of the schedule of 2017 POS events at www.carlwenning.net/POS_2017.pdf

REMAINING PUBLIC OBSERVING SESSIONS FOR 2017

Jun 24 Wonders of Saturn (Mark Cabaj) 9:00-11:00 PM Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun and the second-largest in the Solar System after Jupiter. It too is a gas giant with an average radius about nine times that of Earth. It is surrounded by an amazing ring system.

Jul 29 The Total Solar Eclipse of August 21st (Carl Wenning) 9:00-11:00 PM A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon crosses over the face of the sun and the moon’s shadow strikes the Earth’s surface. This summer’s total solar eclipse will cause one of the most majestic natural wonders that most people

will see during their lifetimes, and Illinois is the place to be to see it.

Aug 26 Moon and Sun (Tom Weiland) 8:00-10:00 PM Our moon, the brightest object in the sky after the Sun, is the sole natural satellite of the Earth. Learn about the moon’s relationship to, and impact on, the Earth, including a review of the recent total solar eclipse. Some of the

interesting features on our nearest celestial neighbor will be presented also.

Vol. 42, No. 5 The OBSERVER of the Twin City Amateur Astronomers May 2017

Sep 23 Emission Nebulae of the Milky Way (Tim Stone) 7:30-9:30 PM An emission nebula is a nebula formed of ionized gases that emit light of various colors. The most common source of this ionization is high-energy photons emitted from a nearby hot star.

Oct 14 The Andromeda Galaxy (Nataya & Mark Boulware) 7:00-9:00 PM The Andromeda Galaxy is a spiral galaxy approximately 2.5 million light years from Earth. It is the nearest major

galaxy to the Milky Way.

TELESCOPES FOR SALE

Former TCAA member John Mori who left town two years ago for Loves Park (near Rockford) found that the skies in his location are not ideal and he is to some extent withdrawing from some of his observing activities. He therefore is divesting himself from some of his telescopes. John states, “The scopes I have are:

1. A Stellarvue Raptor 90mm in new condition. I have only used this scope twice-once for first light and the second time 1/2 hour to show my daughter the moon. It has a 2” 34 mm wide angle eyepiece and a 2” mirror diagonal. It comes with the original carrying case, the original shipping carton, and a luggage bag padded with foam for easy carry that I made.

I am asking $900. It originally sold for over $1,600 but I purchased it for about $1,375 new. I also have a red dot finder of some brand and would throw that in. The scope was purchased in 2013.

2. The second scope is the 6” Celestron refractor with tripod and mount. The complete package can be seen here:

https://telescopes.net/store/celestron-advanced-vx-6-refractor-telescope.html

I am asking $650. It has two of the counterweights and the scope has an Orion bag that would also carry the tripod, etc. As with the Stellarvue it is like new. Comes with tripod and mount-the complete system.

3. The third scope is an Explore Scientific AR102.

I am thinking that if the club will help me get the above two scopes sold I would donate this one to the TCAA. It comes with the tripod for the scope. The club could either raffle it off or give it to some bright young person who cannot afford a scope.

4. The last item is a Pentax SMC XW 10 1.25 lens. It has been used less than 5 five times. Like new. Selling now for about $350, I would sell this for $175. If the club has an interest I would lower the price.

If you are interested in acquiring any of these items, please contact John by email at: [email protected]

Vol. 42, No. 5 The OBSERVER of the Twin City Amateur Astronomers May 2017

Camp Ondessonk Update #7 – Reminder

TCAA leaders continue to communicate with Camp Ondessonk Activities Coordinator Alissa Hollmann to formulate the final schedule. Nothing has changed since our updates last month, so this is just a reminder. Here is where the schedule of events stands right now…

Titles or Topics Day/Time Location

SATURDAY

Meet-and-Greet – CUAS and TCAA volunteers will be 4:30 PM St. Noel Basement available to meet those with the “plus” package. Supper 6:00 PM Dining Hall The Total Solar Eclipse of August 21, 2017 – 60-minute 7:00 PM Dining Hall talk by Carl using PowerPoint (time includes 15 minutes for Q&A) Sky lecture and telescope viewing session – 15-minute 8:15 PM start for “plus” package and Club Viewing Field sky lecture plus 1.75-hour telescope session 9:15 PM start for others running until near Dining Hall or 10:15 PM approximately. St. Noel

SUNDAY

Moon’s motion and phases – 40-minute workshop by 9:15 AM, 10:15 AM, and 11:15 AM St. Noel Basement Dave Leake and CUAS (time includes a 30-minute presentation and 10 minutes for Q&A) Lunch 12:30 PM Dining Hall Illumination, Shadows, and Eclipses – 40-minute 1:30 PM, 2:30 PM, and 3:30 PM St. Noel Basement workshop present by Carl Wenning and TCAA (time includes a 30-minute presentation and 10 minutes for Q&A) How to Observe the Eclipse Safely – 60-minute talk 4:30 PM Dining Hall organized by Carl and presented by Carl & Dave (time includes 15 minute for Q&A) Supper 6:00 PM Dining Hall Catholic Mass 7:30 PM Chapel Sky lecture and telescope viewing sessions – 15-minute 8:15 PM start for “plus” package and Club Viewing Field sky lecture plus 1.75-hour telescope session 9:15 PM start for others running until near Dining Hall or 10:15 PM approximately. St. Noel

TCAA ON FACEBOOK AND TWITTER

Did you know that the TCAA is on both Facebook and Twitter? We encourage users of both social networks to follow the TCAA to see what the club is doing. If you have not yet joined us on Facebook, you are missing important reminders about astronomical events posted several times weekly. You can find us on Facebook by searching either TCAA or Twin City Amateur Astronomers. We can be found on Twitter at @TC_Astro.

HOWTIMEFLIES

The Twin City Amateur Astronomers was founded in 1960 through the efforts of John & Bertha Kieviet. Over the years, newsletter editors David B. Williams, G. Weldon Schuette, Garry Skinner, Jim Moncher, Mike Rogers & Jean Memken, Rebecca Wenning, and Erin Estabrook (as well as other contributors) documented the efforts of the club. Now, TCAA Editor and Historian Carl Wenning continues that effort and provides monthly updates about the history of the club going back in intervals of 40, 25, and 10 years. Details about all mentioned events will be found in either the publication Twin City Amateur Astronomers: 1960-2010 or in the archive of The OBSERVER found on the TCAA website. Copyright © 2017 TCAA 18 All rights reserved.

Vol. 42, No. 5 The OBSERVER of the Twin City Amateur Astronomers May 2017

40 Years Ago: May 1977 – John Kieviet, Eugene Sutton, and Bob Finnigan judge Illinois State Science Fair projects at the University of Illinois Assembly Hall. The discussion to repair the club’s original roll-off-roof observatory was tabled at the May membership meeting “due to not enough interested members in attendance.”

25 Years Ago: May 1992 – The club hosted a successful Astronomy Day display at College Hills Mall. Mike Rogers & Jean Memken have partnered with the ISU Planetarium to sponsor StarDate on WGLT Radio. The program will run for 13 weeks, on Thursday mornings and two afternoons each week.

10 Years Ago: May 2007 – Duane Yockey and Carl Wenning attended NCRAL 2007 in Morehead, ND. Carl unexpectedly received the NCRAL Award for “exceptional individual effort and meritorious service to amateur astronomy.” The Board makes its first attempt at developing a 5-year plan.

RENEWING YOUR TCAA MEMBERSHIP

The TCAA works to promote in every way among its members and the public an interest in and knowledge of astronomy and its allied sciences, to advance amateur astronomy and observational techniques, to render assistance to other individuals or organizations working in the same or related fields, and to do everything necessary and proper to further such on a formal or informal basis. The TCAA is a Federally recognized non-profit entity organized exclusively for education and scientific purposes within the meaning of Section 501(c)3 of the Internal Revenue Service code. The TCAA currently supports family friendly public observing sessions at SGNC, public outreach events such as the recent May 9, 2016 transit of Mercury and the upcoming August 21, 2017 total solar eclipse field trip, hosting of NCRAL meetings (2010 and 2016), September mini conferences, and education courses for our membership and the public. The TCAA maintains two observatories including payment of insurance, and publishes an award-winning club newsletter. We support Sugar Grove Nature Center through their membership program, maintain a loaner telescope program, and provide many other benefits as outlined in TCAA Guide #2 – Membership and Benefits. Your TCAA membership supports education and public outreach in Central Illinois and regions beyond. Membership dues and the generosity of its members are the club’s primary means of financial support. We receive no grants or public funds. We have unmet needs. By renewing your membership when it comes due, you can help to ensure our continuing efforts.

TCAA TREASURER’S REPORT FOR APRIL 2017

Checking Account Information

Description Memo Category Amount

BALANCE 03/30/2017 4,042.59 Sharon MacDonald Dues Received 25.00 EIU and Dave O 2017 Eclipse Booklets 90.00 Insurance Insurance, Bus (154.00) Tom Willmitch Dues Received 25.13 Kelsey Christensen Dues Received 39.80 BALANCE 04/27/2017 4,068.52

TOTAL INFLOWS 179.93

TOTAL OUTFLOWS (154.00)

MONTHLY NET TOTAL 25.93

Vol. 42, No. 5 The OBSERVER of the Twin City Amateur Astronomers May 2017

Checking Account Balance – April 25, 2017 $4,068.52 Savings Account Balance – April 25, 2017 $10,015.87 - Includes $0.17 interest

Total TCAA Funds – April 25, 2017 $14,084.39

All transactions are reconciled with the bank statements as of this date.

Respectfully submitted, Dave Osenga, Treasurer

BREAKING NEWS: A PEEK AT THE PLANS FOR THE NEW 24” OBSERVATORY

As this newsletter is readied to for publication, some last-minute drawing for the proposed new observatory were made available to the editor. Here are some of the many initial architectural drawings for the new observatory to house the 24” f/11 telescope. Work continues on these drawings, with a change expected for the precise location of the pier and mount (it needs to be offset from the center to the south so a horizontal declination axis is in the center of the dome). Details will be published here as they become available.