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Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology Parasitology, Harold W. Manter Laboratory of

10-1992

Gerald D. Schmidt, Helminthologist

Robert L. Rausch University of Washington, [email protected]

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Rausch, Robert L., "Gerald D. Schmidt, Helminthologist" (1992). Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology. 388. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/parasitologyfacpubs/388

This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Parasitology, Harold W. Manter Laboratory of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. J. Parasitol., 78(5), 1992, p. 762-770 ? American Society of Parasitologists 1992

GERALDD. SCHMIDT,HELMINTHOLOGIST

Robert L. Rausch Departmentof ComparativeMedicine, SB-42, School of Medicine,University of Washington, Seattle,Washington 98195

In 1960, when Gerald D. Schmidt received the After receiving the Ph.D. degree at Colorado A.B. degree in biology and began graduate work State University (1964), Schmidt spent a year at at Colorado State University, the discipline of the University of Montana. He then accepted a helminthology was following in the tradition of position at the University of Northern Colorado Rudolf Leuckart, as instituted in North America (UNC). It was to be a permanent position; he by Henry Baldwin Ward. The helminthologists contributed as a teacher and parasitologist at of that time devoted themselves to taxonomy UNC for the remainder of his life. In 1972, he and systematics, elucidation of cycles, and ex- was promoted to the rank of Professor (Zoology). perimental investigation of the interactions of Schmidt was a talented teacher, who possessed helminths and their hosts. To the lasting benefit a broad knowledge of biology. His scientific ac- of his many students and colleagues, Gerald D. complishments are all the more impressive when Schmidt was motivated to pursue scholarly in- one considers the extent of his obligations in quiries in that tradition-to concentrate his re- teaching. In 1985-1986, a typical academic year, markable energies on the study of helminths at Schmidt taught advanced Invertebrate Zoology, the organismal level. General Zoology, General Parasitology, and In his acceptance of the H. B. Ward Medal, in Medical Parasitology. During that time as well, 1973, Gerald Schmidt credited his introduction he supervised graduate students, made at least 1 to parasitology to Maynard Stamper, former field-trip (to Belize), held responsible positions chairman of the Department of Biology at Col- in scientific organizations (including the office of orado State College (now the University of Secretary-Treasurer of the American Society of Northern Colorado). Dr. Stamper encouraged Parasitologists), and in the same period he pub- him to apply for admittance to graduate study lished 9 scientific papers and his Handbook of at Colorado State University, with Dr. O. Wil- Tapeworm Identification. ford Olsen. Gerald Schmidt's first publication, concerning There, for the Master's thesis, Gerald Schmidt a new species of Tetrameres (Nematoda), ap- undertook a survey of the parasites of the com- peared in the Journal of Parasitology in 1962, mon snipe, Capella gallinago. The finding of an the year in which he received the M.S. degree. acanthocephalan in 1 of the ceca of the first bird During 1963 and 1964, 6 additional papers were he dissected stimulated in him a lifelong interest published, based in part on studies made in Mon- in those organisms. With reference to that first tana and including results of his doctoral inves- specimen, he later remarked that "Despite its tigation. In about 1965, productive and long- dubious surroundings and monotonous mor- lasting collaboration began with Robert E. Kuntz, phology, it was a thing of great beauty to me." who had made an extensive collection of hel- That expression might stand as a keynote for all minths from vertebrates in southeastern Asia. of Schmidt's scholarly endeavors; he was fasci- That cooperative work, by my count, resulted in nated by the infinite variety and complexity of 33 publications, of which most concerned the nature and was irresistibly drawn to the challenge taxonomy and systematics of acanthocephalans of gaining some understanding of ecosystems of and nematodes. Much material was collected also which we are also a component and on whose by Professor Schmidt and his students. Outside integrity our own continuing existence depends. the United States, he undertook research or field- By the time he had completed requirements for work in Australia (1969 and 1970), Trinidad the M.S. degree (granted in 1962), he had already (1974), New Zealand (1979), and Belize (1985) made significant progress in the work that was (Fig. 1). to be his doctoral dissertation, on the embryol- Gerald Schmidt attributed his propensity for ogy of Prosthorhynchus formosus, a common hard work to the example set by his grandpar- acanthocephalan of the robin Turdus migrato- ents, who were "Volga Germans" who had im- rius. migrated to Colorado from Russia. Whether his 762 RAUSCH-G.D. SCHMIDT,THE HELMINTHOLOGIST 763 early life with his grandparents also provided the opportunity for learning the German and Rus- sian languages I never thought to ask, but those, along with the several other languages he was able to read, provided a degree of literacy that contributed greatly to his scholarly accomplish- ments. Dr. Schmidt's linguistic ability has been most impressively demonstrated by the 4,103 references cited in his Handbook of Tapeworm Identification. His ability, it might be added, was in marked contrast to that of most students com- ing at present from departments of biology/zo- ology in the United States, which mostly have dropped all foreign-language requirements in fa- vor of "computer language." The scientific publications of Gerald D. Schmidt consist of about 160 titles, including 3 papers that have appeared posthumously. (Oth- FIGURE1. Gerald Schmidt dissecting a stingray in ers, unknown to me, may be in press.) Of these, Belize, British Honduras. 143 (not including books, discussed below) con- stitute original contributions that were produced over a 27-yr period (1962-1989)-more than 5 The genus Dioecotaenia was established for a per year. Those publications may be allocated cestode described by Linton from the cow-nosed among 5 categories, relative to their content: tax- ray, Rhinoptera bonasus, and it was transferred onomy and systematics of digenea, 2 reports; of to the family Dioecotaeniidae Schmidt, 1969. cestodes, 22 reports; of acanthocephalans, 42; of That monotypic family later was removed to a nematodes, 32; helminthological surveys, 26; and new order, Dioecotaeniidea Schmidt, 1986. The life cycles, 6 reports. family Bothrimonidae Schmidt, 1986, was es- Schmidt and his coworkers described or char- tablished in the order Spathebothriidea. The rec- acterized many new taxa, mainly from birds and ognition of those higher categories by Schmidt mammals. According to my count, these includ- further demonstrates the scope of his under- ed 119 species, representing the 4 major groups standing of the biology of the Eucestoda. of helminths as follows: Digenea, 2; Cestoda, 45; Gerald Schmidt's publications in scientific Acanthocephala, 32; and Nematoda, 40. journals alone represent a contribution to knowl- Schmidt's name appears as authority for 19 gen- edge that few helminthologists can equal. In ad- era: Cestoda-Dioecotaenia Schmidt, 1969; dition to those, his academic and professional Wallabicestus Schmidt, 1975; Tupaiataenia obligations notwithstanding, he distinguished Schmidt et File, 1977; Witenbergitaenia Wert- himself as author or editor of several books. heim, Schmidt et Greenberg, 1987; Dildotaenia Schmidt (1969) served as editor of the volume Dronen, Schmidt, Allison et Mellen, 1988; Problemsin Systematicsof Parasites,which con- Cloacotaeniella Schmidt, Bauerle et Wertheim, stituted the proceedings of a symposium of the 1988; and Amaziolepis Schmidt et Dailey, 1992. American Association for the Advancement of Acanthocephala- Owilfordia Schmidt et Kuntz, Science. The book contains 5 contributions by 1967; Pseudolueheia Schmidt et Kuntz, 1967; prominent investigators: W. L. Bullock (Acan- Andracantha Schmidt, 1975; Sclerocollum thocephala), M. Voge (Cestoda), J. L. Crites Schmidt et Paperna, 1978; Brentisentis Leotta, (Nematoda), H. W. Manter (Trematoda), and N. Schmidt et Kuntz, 1982; and Australiformis D. Levine (parasitic Protozoa). Those papers Schmidt et Edmonds, 1989. Nematoda- Calyp- mainly defined needs for future research and the sostrongylus Schmidt, Myers et Kuntz, 1967; potential application of newer methods of in- Oceanicuccullanus Schmidt et Kuntz, 1970; vestigation in the systematics of organisms usu- Oceanifilaria Schmidt et Kuntz, 1970; Madeli- ally designated parasites. In the conclusion, Ger- nema Schmidt et Kuntz, 1971; Cordonema ald Schmidt noted that a major concern was the Schmidt et Kuntz, 1972; and Poekilostrongylus paucity of students who chose to make a career Schmidt et Whittaker, 1975. of systematics. Unfortunately, the gravity of that 764 THEJOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY, VOL. 78, NO.5, OCTOBER1992

general course in parasitology at the University of Washington. The culmination of Gerald Schmidt's many years of study and research is represented by his Handbook of Tapeworm Identification, pub- lished by CRC Press in 1986, which provides keys for the identification to genus of the world fauna of cestodes and cestodarians as known at the time. The effort expended in the production of that work is obvious from its 675 pages, 513 figures, and 4,103 references cited (Fig. 2). It was

' y characteristic of Schmidt's dedication to scien- tific endeavor that he, in the summer of 1985, corrected the page-proof and prepared the index (8,000 entries) while recovering from major sur- I gery. The Handbook is invaluable to all who are FIGURE 2. Gerald Schmidt finishing the bibliog- concerned with the taxonomy of cestodes, not- raphyfor Handbookof TapewormIdentification. withstanding inevitable disagreements about higher taxonomic categories. It is the only com- prehensive work that provides access in English problem has not lessened in the last quarter-cen- to the extensive taxonomic literature in the Rus- tury since the symposium was held. sian language. Schmidt's Handbook will long The book How to Know the Tapeworms by G. stand as a memorial to a leading helminthologist D. Schmidt (1970) represented an attempt to of our time. provide a practical key to all of the genera of the The fourth edition of M. C. Meyer's and 0. cestodes, and it was based on a survey of the W. Olsen's Essentials of Parasitology was pre- literature to March 1969. That volume, which pared by G. D. Schmidt (1988). That popular especially reminds me of Liihe's keys to the ces- manual was updated, and new material was add- todes in Brauer's Die Siisswasserfauna Deutsch- ed. It was characteristic of Prof. Schmidt to have lands (1910. Heft 18. Parasitische Plattwiirmer. deleted most of the exercises that depended on II: Cestodes. Gustav Fischer, Jena, 153 p.), was material available only from wild birds and quite successful in meeting the author's objective mammals, in consideration of the decline of many to produce a low-cost, readily obtainable key use- species as a consequence of loss of their habitat ful to both student and professional taxonomists. and environmental degradation. An important event for those engaged in teach- Gerald and Pauline Schmidt provided in their ing parasitology was the publication in 1977 of will for the deposition of their scientific library a new textbook, Foundations of Parasitology, by and research materials to the H. W. Manter Lab- Gerald D. Schmidt and Larry S. Roberts. That oratory, University of Nebraska State Museum. book was comprehensive in scope, including all Included in the transfer were many books, mi- major groups of symbionts usually designated crofilms, about 800 issues of journals, and more "parasites," excepting those organisms that or- than 11,000 reprints. The research collection dinarily are covered in courses in medical en- consisted of more than 5,000 slides of helminths, tomology. In the second edition (1981), the con- of which about half had been identified, as well tent of the book was expanded to include as many preserved specimens in vials. All of these arthropods of medical and veterinary impor- will contribute to the acquisition of knowledge tance. Third and fourth editions were published by many investigators, including students, far in 1985 and 1989; a Spanish edition was pub- into the future. lished in 1984. The excellent balance of basic Schmidt was active in numerous scientific information and concepts with much detail about societies: American Microscopical Society anatomy, cycles, and taxonomy has led to wide (1962-); American Society of Parasitologists acceptance of Foundations as a textbook. Ac- (1962-); American Society of Tropical Medicine cording to information provided by the UNC, and Hygiene (1969-); Helminthological Society the book was being used in 40 countries by 1987. of Washington (1965-); Wildlife Disease Asso- I have used all of the 4 editions in teaching a ciation (1965-); Rocky Mountain Conference of RAUSCH-G. D. SCHMIDT,THE HELMINTHOLOGIST 765

Parasitologists (1965-) (Schmidt was one of the Wildlife Service; the U.S. Department of Agri- founders of that organization); Royal Society of culture; the Smithsonian Institution; the Hadas- Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (Fellow) (1974-); sah Medical School; the Heinz Steinmetz Marine Sigma Xi (1967-); World Federation of Parasi- Laboratory; the Alaska Department of Fish and tologists (1962-). His services to those organi- Game; and the University of New Mexico. Many zations were significant. For 2 terms he held the of his colleagues, including myself, relied on Ger- office of Secretary-Treasurer of the American So- ald Schmidt for the identification of the acan- ciety of Parasitologists, and he contributed fur- thocephalans. ther to that Society as a member of the Editorial We who have had the privilege of working with Board (1973-1977), Program Officer (1973- Gerald Schmidt shall always remember him as 1976), and as a member of the Business Advisory an outstanding scientist and a human being of Committee (1977). He was also a member of the rare excellence. We cannot but think of what editorial boards of Systematic Parasitology more he could have done. (1981-1986) and the Proceedings of the Helmin- thological Society of Washington (1974-1977). SCIENTIFICPUBLICATIONS BY In 1970, he was President of the Rocky Mountain GERALDD. SCHMIDT Conference of Parasitologists, and he represented 1962 that organization on the Council of the ASP dur- Tetramerescoloradensis sp. n., a nematodeparasite of ing 1972-1976. For several journals, he served the common snipe Capellagallinago delicata.Jour- as consultant/referee. nal of Parasitology48: 850-851. In addition to his teaching, and direction of 1963 graduate students, Prof. Schmidt contributed at Arhythmorhynchuscapellae sp. n. (Polymorphidae: the University of Northern Colorado in various Acanthocephala),a parasite of the common snipe capacities. He was Curator of the Invertebrate Capella gallinago delicata. Journal of Parasitology 49: 483-484. Member of the Collection; Library Committee; Hymenolepiscalumnacantha sp. nov. from Wilson's Coordinator of Departmental slides; Coordina- snipe, Capellagallinago delicata (Ord.), in Colorado. tor of Graduate Studies; Member, Board of Parasitology53: 409-41 1. Trustees; Member, Faculty Senate; Member, 1964 Faculty Welfare Committee; Member, Commit- A note on the Acanthocephalaparasitizing amphipod tee on and Com- Faculty Research; Member, Crustaceain a spring-fedpond in Montana. Cana- mittee on Faculty Evaluation. dian Journalof Zoology 42: 718. Gerald Schmidt received many honors and Firstreport of Stegophorusstellae-polaris (Parona, 1901) awards in recognition of his scientific and aca- Wehr, 1934 (Nematoda: Ancyracanthidae)from North America. Canadian Journal of Zoology 42: demic achievements. Noteworthy among those 1157. were the M. Lucille Harrison Award for Out- Life cycle and development of Prosthorhyncbusfor- standing Teaching (1968), the University of mosus(Van Cleave, 1918) Travassos,1926, an acan- Northern Colorado Teacher of the Year honor thocephalanparasite of birds. Journalof Parasitol- 50: 721-730. 0. W. (1968), the University of Northern Colorado ogy [With Olsen.] Parasites from the common snipe Capella gallinago Distinguished Scholar Award (1972), the Henry delicata in northern Colorado. American Midland Baldwin Ward Medal of the American Society Naturalist71: 503. of and the of Parasitologists (1973), University 1965 Northern Colorado Distinguished Alumnus A collection of from fishes of Award He was Research Af- Acanthocephala George (1975). appointed Lake, central Alaska. CanadianJournal of Zoology filiate of the Harold W. Manter Laboratory, Uni- 43:651. versity of Nebraska State Museum, in 1978; Se- Contributionto the morphologyof Soboliphymeba- nior Research Fellow of NATO, 1968-1970; and turiniPetrow, 1930 (Dioctophymoidea:Nematoda). Research Fellow of the Organization of Ameri- Transactionsof the AmericanMicroscopical Society 84: 413-4 15. [With J. M. Kinsella.] can 1974. States, Corynosomabipapillum sp. n. from Bonaparte'sgull Schmidt gave generously of his time in order Larusphiladelphia in Alaska,with a note on C. con- to identify organisms submitted by various or- strictumVan Cleave, 1918. Journalof Parasitology ganizations and by many individuals, who lacked 51: 814-816. Molineusmustelae n. his in the of the entire sp. (Nematoda:Trichostrongyli- competence taxonomy dae) from the long-tailedweasel in Montanaand M. range of helminths. As consultant, he served on chabaudinom. n., with a key to the species of Mol- a continuing basis for the United States Fish and ineus. Journalof Parasitology51: 164-168. 766 THEJOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY, VOL. 78, NO.5, OCTOBER1992

Polymorphusswartzi sp. n., and other Acanthocephala 1969 of Alaskan ducks. Journalof Parasitology51: 809- Acanthocephalaas agentsof disease in wild mammals. 813. Wildlife Disease 53: 1-10. Alloglossidiumhirudicola sp. n., a neotenic trematode 1966 (Plagiorchiidae)from leeches, Haemopissp. Journal of 55: 1185-1186. K. Chaloup- Helminthfauna of Nicaragua.III. Some Acanthoceph- Parasitology [With three new of Centror- ka.] ala of birds, including species and of 52: 739-745. Centrorhynchusspilornae sp. n. (Acanthocephala), hynchus.Journal Parasitology [With other from the Far East. Journal K. A. Neiland.] Centrorhynchidae of Parasitology55: 329-334. [With R. E. Kuntz.] New and little-knownplagiorhynchid Acanthocephala et comb. the PescadoresIslands. Journal of Dioecotaeniacancellata (Linton, 1890) gen. from Taiwanand a dioeciouscestode fromthe cow- 520-527. R. E. n., (Tetraphyllidea) Parasitology52: [With Kuntz.] nosed in Ches- recordsof ray, Rhinopterabonasus (Mitchell), New host and distribution Acanthocephala with the of a new Dioe- Americanbirds. Bulletinof the Wildlife apeakeBay, proposal family, from North cotaeniidae.Journal of 55: 271-275. Disease Association 2: 78. K. A. Neiland.] Parasitology [With Nematode of Oceanica.V. Four new species sp. n. (Acantho- parasites Sphaerechinorhynchusserpenticola from fishes of Palawan, P. I., with a proposal for cephala:Sphaerechinorhynchinae), a parasite of the in Borneo Oceanicucullanusgen. nov. Parasitology59: 389- Asian cobra, Naja naja (Cantor), (Malay- 396. R. E. of 52: 913-916. R. [With Kuntz.] sia). Journal Parasitology [With Nematode of Oceanica.VI. E. parasites Foleyellaconfusa Kuntz.] sp. nov., Icosiella hoogstraalisp. nov. (Filarioidae), and other species from Philippineamphibians. Par- 1967 asitology 59: 885-889. [With R. E. Kuntz.] Acanthocephalafrom Kenya with descriptionsof two Paracanthocephalusrauschi sp. n. (Acanthocephala: new species. Journal of Parasitology53: 634-637. Paracanthocephalidae)from grayling, Thymallus [With A. G. Canaris.] arcticus(Pallas), in Alaska.Canadian Journal of Zo- Nematode parasitesof Oceanica. I. Brevistriatasun- ology 47: 383-385. dasciurisp. n. and Calypsostrongylusogdeni gen. et Polymorphuspetrochenkoi sp. n. (Acanthocephala)from sp. n. (Heligmosomatidae:Longistriatinae) from the red phalarope,Phalaropus fulicarius L., in Alas- squirrelsof Palawanand Taiwan. Journalof Para- ka. Journalof Parasitology55: 335-336. sitology 53: 613-617. [With B. J. Myers and R. E. Problemsin systematicsof parasites.University Park Kuntz.] Press, Baltimoreand Manchester,131 p. [Book ed- Nematode parasitesof Oceanica.II. Redescriptionof ited.] Rictularia whartoniTubangui, 1931, and notes on Records of parasiticnematodes in Kenya. Journalof other species from Palawan, P. I. Journal of Para- the EastAfrica Natural History Society 27: 155-156. sitology 53: 1281-1284. [With R. E. Kuntz.] [Dated 1968; with A. G. Canaris.] Notes on the life cycle of Polymorphus(Profilicollis) 1970 formosus sp. n., and records of Arhythmorhynchus hispidusVan Cleave, 1925 (Acanthocephala)from Helminthparasites of some birds in PuertoRico. Pro- Taiwan.Journal of Parasitology53: 805-809. [With ceedings of the HelminthologicalSociety of Wash- R. E. Kuntz.] ington37: 123-124. [witli F. H. Whittakerand J. G. Revision of the Porrorchinae(Acanthocephala: Pla- Diaz.] Wm. C. Brown giorhynchidae)with descriptionsof two new genera How to know the tapeworms. Co., and three new species. Journal of Parasitology53: Dubuque, Iowa, 266 p. 130-141. [With R. E. Kuntz.] Nematodeparasites of Oceanica.VII. New recordsfrom wild and domestic chickens(Gallus gallus) from Pa- lawan (Philippine Islands), Sabah (Malaysia), and 1968 Taiwan. Avian Diseases 14: 184-187. [With R. E. Chevreuxiaamericana sp. nov. (Nematoda: Acuari- Kuntz.] idae) from the avocet, Recurvirostraamericana, in Nematodeparasites of Oceanica.VIII. Filariids of birds, Colorado.Parasitology 58: 831-834. with a new genus and four new species. Parasitology Hymenolepis (Hym.) deblocki sp. n., and records of 60: 313-326. [With R. E. Kuntz.] otherhelminths from charadriiformbirds. Canadian Nematode parasitesof Oceanica.IX. Capillariidsfrom Journalof Zoology46: 1037-1040. [WithK. A. Nei- passeriformhosts collected in Taiwan. Parasitology land.] 61: 465-474. [With D. Wakelinand R. E. Kuntz.] Nematode parasites of Oceanica. III. Arthrostoma Neoechinorhynchuschelonos, a new species of acan- vampirasp. n., with a reconsiderationof those hook- thocephalanparasite of turtles. Proceedingsof the worms having articulatedbuccal capsules. Journal HelminthologicalSociety of Washington37: 172- of Parasitology54: 372-376. [With R. E. Kuntz.] 174. [With G. W. Esch and J. W. Gibbons.] Nematode parasites of Oceanica. IV. Oxyurids of mammalsof Palawan,P. I., with descriptionsof four 1971 new species of Syphacia.Parasitology 58: 845-854. A zoogeographicnote on the acanthocephalanCory- [With R. E. Kuntz.] nosoma bullosum(Linstow, 1892). Transactionsof Oncicolacanis (Kaupp, 1909) (Acanthocephala)from the AmericanMicroscopical Society 90: 94-95. [With Felis lynx in Alaska.Journal of Parasitology54: 930. M. D. Dailey.] RAUSCH-G.D. SCHMIDT,THE HELMINTHOLOGIST 767

Acanthocephalaninfections of man, with two new rec- gylidaeof birds. Parasitology64: 269-278. [With R. ords. Journalof Parasitology57: 582-584. E. Kuntz.] Helminthfauna of Nicaragua.IV. Sacciuterinamathe- Nematode parasitesof Oceanica. XVIII. Caenorhab- vossiani sp. nov. (Dilepididae), and other cestodes ditisavicola sp. n. (Rhabditidae)found in a bird from of birds. Parasitology62: 145-149. [WithK. A. Nei- Taiwan. Proceedingsof the HelminthologicalSoci- land.] ety of Washington39: 189-191. [WithR. E. Kuntz.] Helminth parasites of the black-billed magpie, Pica Nematode parasites of Oceanica. XIX. Report on a pica hudsonia, in northeasternColorado. Proceed- collection from Philippine reptiles. Transactionsof ings of the HelminthologicalSociety of Washington the AmericanMicroscopical Society 91: 63-66. [With 38: 268. [With R. S. Wacha.] R. E. Kuntz.] Helminth parasitesof the cattle egret in Puerto Rico. Oncicola schacherisp. n., and other Acanthocephala Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of of Lebanese mammals. Journalof Parasitology58: Washington38: 262. [With F. H. Whittakerand J. 279-281. G. Diaz.] Parvitaeniaibisae sp. n. (Cestoidea:Dilepididae), from Monopetalonemahispaniola sp. n., a filariid parasite birds in Florida. Journalof Parasitology58: 1095- (Diplotriaenidae:Dichelonematinae) of the Hispa- 1097. [With A. 0. Bush.] nola woodpecker(Centurus striatus), from Domin- Revisionof the classArchiacanthocephala Meyer, 1931 ican Republic.Zoologischer Anzeiger 186: 296-298. (phylum Acanthocephala),with emphasis on Oli- [With G. L. Campbell.] gacanthorhynchidae Southwell et Macfie, 1925. Nematode parasitesof Oceanica.X. Capillariidsfrom Journalof Parasitology58: 290-297. avian hosts collected in Palawanand Borneo. Par- Two new species of SciadiocaraSkrjabin, 1915 (Nem- asitology 62: 1-10. [With D. Wakelin and R. E. atoda:Schistorophidae) from birds in Florida.Jour- Kuntz.] nal of Parasitology58: 271-274. [With J. M. Kin- Nematode parasitesof Oceanica.XI. Madelinemaan- sella.] gelae gen. et sp. n., and Inglisonema mawsonaesp. n. (Heterakoidea: Inglisonematidae) from birds. 1973 Journal of Parasitology57: 479-484. [With R. E. Acanthobothriumurolophi sp. n., a tetraphyllideances- Kuntz.] tode (Oncobothriidae)from an Australianstingaree. Nematode parasitesof Oceanica.XII. A review of Het- Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of erakisspecies, particularlyfrom birdsof Taiwanand Washington40: 91-93. Palawan.Records of the South AustralianMuseum Acanthocephalaof South Americanfishes. Part I, Eo- 16: 1-14. [With W. C. Inglis and R. E. Kuntz.] acanthocephala.Journal of Parasitology59: 829-835. Nematode parasites of Oceanica. XIII. Subuluridae, [With E. J. Hugghins.] Thelaziidaeand Acuariidaeof birds.Parasitology 63: Acanthocephalaof South Americanfishes. Part 2. Pa- 91-99. [With R. E. Kuntz.] laeacanthocephala.Journal of Parasitology59: 836- Nematode parasitesof Oceanica. XIV. Tetrameridae 838. [With E. J. Hugghins.] and Heterocheilidaeof birds. Transactionsof the Earlyembryology of the acanthocephalanMediorhyn- AmericanMicroscopical Society 90: 325-329. [With chus grandisVan Cleave, 1916. Transactionsof the R. E. Kuntz.] AmericanMicroscopical Society 92: 512-516. Nematode parasites of Oceanica. XV. Acuariidae, Helminthfauna of Nicaragua.V. Cardiofilariastepheni Streptocaridae,and Seuratidaeof birds. Proceedings sp. n. (Onchocercidae)and othernematodes of birds. of the HelminthologicalSociety of Washington38: Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of 217-223. [With R. E. Kuntz.] Washington40: 285-288. [With K. A. Neiland.] Zoogeographyand the generic status of Polymorphus Nematode parasitesof Oceanica.XX. Paraheterotyph- (Polymorphus)cetaceum (Johnston et Best, 1942) lum ophiophagosn. sp. (Heterocheilidae),from the comb. n. (Acanthocephala).Proceedings of the Hel- banded yellow-lip sea snake, Laticauda colubrina. minthologicalSociety of Washington38: 137. [With American Midland Naturalist 89: 481-484. [With M. D. Dailey.] R. E. Kuntz.] Parvitaeniaheardi sp. n. (Cestoidea:Dilepididae) from 1972 the greatblue heron, Ardea herodias,in South Car- Acanthocephalaof captive primates. In Pathology of olina. Journalof Parasitology59: 821-823. [WithC. simian primates, Part II, R. N. T-W-Fiennes (ed.). H. Courtney.] S. Karger,Basel, p. 144-156. Resurrectionof SouthwellinaWitenberg, 1932, with a Cyclophyllideancestodes of Australianbirds, with three descriptionof Southwellinadimorpha sp. n., and a new species. Journalof Parasitology58: 1085-1094. key to genera in Polymorphidae(Acanthocephala). Helminth parasitesof Wilson's phalarope,Steganopus Journalof Parasitology59: 299-305. tricolorVieillot, 1819, in Montana and Colorado. 1974 Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington39: 269-270. [With D. W. Frantz.] Acceptanceof the Henry BaldwinWard Medal. Jour- Nematode parasites of Oceanica. XVI. Cordonema nal of Parasitology60: 895-896. venusta gen. et sp. nov., and Skrjabinoclavaspp. Infection with the nematode Streptocaraincognita in (Acuariidae:Echinuriinae), from birds. Parasitology the Chilean flamingo. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 64: 235-244. [With R. E. Kuntz.] 10: 66-69. [With J. G. Fox, S. B. Snyder,and L. H. Nematode parasitesof Oceanica.XVII. Schistorophi- Campbell.] dae, Spiruridae,Physalopteridae and Trichostron- Neoncicolasinensis sp. n. (Acanthocephala:Oligacan- 768 THE JOURNALOF PARASITOLOGY,VOL. 78, NO. 5, OCTOBER1992

thorhynchidae)from China.Journal of Parasitology in Trinidad.Journal of Helminthology51: 313-315. 60: 626-627. [With A. M. Dunn.] [With T. A. Rutledgeand E. S. Tikasingh.] Studies on helminths of North Dakota. VIII. Nema- Foundationsof parasitology.C. V. Mosby Co., St. Lou- todes of the paddlefish, Polyodon spathula (Wal- is, 604 p. [With L. S. Roberts.] baum), including Thynnascaris dollfusi sp. nov. Helminths of reptiles from Komodo and Flores is- (Nematoda:Stomachidae). Canadian Journal of Zo- lands, Indonesia,with descriptionsof two new nem- ology 52: 261-263. [With P. D. Leiby and D. C. atode species. Journalof Parasitology63: 337-340. Kritsky.] [With J. L. Pinnell.] Tapeworms from Philippine reptiles, with two new In vitro cultivation of Moniliformismoniliformis ju- species of Proteocephalata.Proceedings of the Hel- veniles. Journalof Parasitology63: 588-589. [With minthologicalSociety of Washington41: 195-199. R. C. Tobias.] [With R. E. Kuntz.] Observations on the type specimens of two species The taxonomic status of SpirometraFaust, Campbell describedby LauroTravassos. Journal of Parasitol- et Kellogg, 1929 (Cestoidea: Diphyllobothriidae). ogy 63: 343. Journalof Helminthology48: 175-177. Oncicolamartini sp. n., and other Archiacanthocepha- Unusualpathology in a fishdue to the acanthocephalan la of the Chaco Boreal, Paraguay.Journal of Para- Acanthocephalusjacksoni Bullock, 1962. Journalof sitology 63: 508-5 10. Parasitology60: 730-731. [With H. D. Walley and Praesomalmusculature of the acanthocephalangenus D. S. Wijek.] MediorhynchusVan Cleave 1916. Journalof Para- sitology 63: 112-116. 1975 Revision of MediorhynchusVan Cleave 1916 (Acan- Andracantha,a new genus of Acanthocephala(Poly- thocephala)with a key to species. Journalof Para- morphidae)from fish-eatingbirds, with descriptions sitology 63: 500-507. [With R. E. Kuntz.] of threespecies. Journal of Parasitology61:615-620. Spironouratikasinghi sp. n. (Nematoda:Kathlaniidae) Helminth parasitesof the cliff swallow, Petrochelidon from a turtle in Trinidad, W. I. Journal of Parasi- pyrrhonotaVieillot, 1817 in Colorado,with two new tology 63: 341-343. [WithS. A. Schoeneckerand C. species.Journal of Helminthology49:115-119. [With 0. R. Everard.] R. J. Kayton.] Tupaiataeniaquentini gen. et sp. n. (Anoplocephalidae: Nematode parasites of Oceanica. XXI. Oesophagos- Linstowiinae)and other tapewormsfrom the com- tomum(Conoweberia) selfi sp. n. (Nematoda:Trich- mon tree shrew, Tupaiaglis. Journalof Parasitology onematidae),from Rattus coxinga coxingaSwinhoe. 63: 473-475. [With S. File.] Proceedingsof the Oklahoma Academy of Science 55: 163-165. [With R. E. Kuntz.] 1978 Nematode parasitesof Puerto Rican tree frogs, Eleu- A redescriptionof Dracunculusglobocephalus Mackin, therodactylusspp.: Two new species and a proposal 1927 (Nematoda:Dracunculidae), a parasiteof tur- of Poekilostrongylusgen. nov. (Trichostrongylidae). tles. Helminthologia15: 835-838. [With T. P. Gat- Parasitology70: 287-294. [With F. H. Whittaker.] schet.] New recordsof helminthsfrom New Guinea,including Acanthotaeniaoverstreeti sp. n. (Cestoda: Proteocy- descriptionof three new cestode species, one in the holidae) from a Puerto Rican lizard, the first Acan- new genus Wallabicestusn. g. Transactionsof the thotaeniine in the New World. Proceedingsof the AmericanMicroscopical Society 94: 189-196. HelminthologicalSociety of Washington45: 193- RedescriptionofAcanthosentis acanthuri Cable et Quick 195. [With D. R. Brooks.] 1954 (Acanthocephala:Quadrigyridae). Journal of Allohymenolepispalawanensis sp. n. (Cyclophyllidea: Parasitology61: 865-867. Hymenolepididae)from the Philippine bird, Nec- Sphaerirostriswertheimae sp. n., and other Acantho- tariniajugularis (Tweeddale 1878). Journalof Hel- cephala from vertebratesof Israel.Journal of Para- minthology52: 211-213. [WithT. L. Deardorffand sitology 61: 298-300. R. E. Kuntz.] Endoparasitesof the spotted ground squirrel, Sper- 1976 mophilusspilosoma Bennett, 1833, from Colorado. Parasitichelminths of the American avocet Recurvi- Journalof Helminthology52: 323-326. [With R. J. rostraamericana: Four new species of the families Broda.] Hymenolepididaeand Acoleidae (Cestoda: Cyclo- Parasiticulceration of the stomachin a Hawaiianmonk phyllidea). Parasitology73: 381-398. [With W. B. seal (Monachusschauinslandi). Elepaio 38: 83-84. Ahem.] [With G. C. Wittow and G. H. Balazs.] Tapewormsfrom Philippinebirds, with threenew spe- Phyllobothriumkingae sp. n., a tetraphyllideancestode cies of Raillietina (Raillietina).Journal of Helmin- from a yellow-spottedstingray in Jamaica.Proceed- thology 50: 133-142. [With T. L. Deardorffand R. ings of the HelminthologicalSociety of Washington E. Kuntz.] 45:132-134. Tapewormsof domestic dogs and cats in Taiwanwith Polymorphus(Profilicollis) major Lundstrom 1942 ju- remarks on Spirometraspp. Zoological Survey of veniles in rock crabs, Cancerirroratus, from Maine. India(Dr. B. S. ChauhanCommemorative Volume), Journal of Parasitology64: 953-954. [With S. A. p. 41-46. [With V. Fuersteinand R. E. Kuntz.] MacLean.] Sclerocollumrubrimaris gen. et sp. n. (Rhadinorhyn- 1977 chidae:Gorgorhynchinae), and otherAcanthocepha- Episthmium everardisp. n. (Trematoda:Echinosto- la of marine fishes from Israel. Journal of Parasi- matidae)from a greatkiskadee, Pitangus sulfuratus, tology 64: 846-850. [With I. Paperna.] RAUSCH-G.D. SCHMIDT,THE HELMINTHOLOGIST 769

Tapewormsof the Chaco Boreal, Paraguay,with two of the HelminthologicalSociety of Washington51: new species. Journalof Helminthology52: 205-209. 106-108. [With J. D. Stamper.] [With R. L. Martin.] Discobothriumcaribbensis sp. n., a lecanicephalidean The parasitefauna of the Americanalligator (Alligator cestode from a yellow-spotted stingray, Urolophus mississippiensis)in South Carolina.Journal of Wild- jamaicensis, in Jamaica.Journal of Parasitology70: life Diseases 14: 435-439. [With T. C. Hazen, J. M. 303-304. [With S. L. Gardner.] Aho, T. M. Murphy,and G. W. Esch.] Effectof temperatureon the development of Thelas- toma bulhoesi(Oxyurata, Thelastomida) and other 1979 nematodes. Journal of Nematology 16: 355-360. Acanthocephalanparasitism in the western bluebird [With G. L. McCallister.] (Sialia mexicana).Avian Diseases23:768-771. [With Matureacanthocephalan infection of kingcobras. Avi- L. L. Thompson-Cowley,D. H. Helfer, and E. K. an/Exotic Practice1: 26-30. [With J. L. Kiel.] Eltzroth.] 1985 1980 Development and life cycles. In Biology of the Acan- Baeriettaallisonae n. sp. (Cestoda:Nematotaeniidae) thocephala,D. W. T. Crompton and B. B. Nickol from New Zealandgecko, Hoplodactylusmaculatus. (eds.).Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K., New ZealandJournal of Zoology 7: 709. p. 273-305. Two new speciesof cestode(Trypanorhyncha, Eutetra- Oochoristicanovaezealandae n. sp. (Cestoda:Anoplo- rhynchidae)from the yellow-spottedstingray, Uro- cephalidae)from a New Zealandskink, Leiolopisma lophusjamaicensis. Proceedingsof the Helmintho- nigriplantaremaccanni Hardy, 1977. New Zealand logical Society of Washington47: 10-14. [With K. Journalof Zoology 12: 137-139. [With B. Allison.] J. Kovacs.] Rhinebothriumbiorchidum n. sp., a tetraphyllidean cestode from a yellow-spotted stingray, Urolophus 1981 jamaicensis, in Jamaica.Journal of Parasitology71: Diurnal migration of the female of Thelastoma bul- 1-3. [With P. M. Huber.] hoesi (Oxyurata:Thelastomida) in the American Tapewormsfrom Turkey and Syria in the collection cockroach, Periplanetaamericana. Proceedings of of the late GeorgeC. Witenberg.Proceedings of the the HelminthologicalSociety of Washington48: 127- HelminthologicalSociety of Washington52: 312- 129. [With G. L. McCallister.] 313. [With Z. Greenbergand G. Wertheim.] Plagiorhynchusformosus Van Cleave, 1918, a syn- Two rare helminths in an osprey, Pandion haliaetus, onym of Plagiorhynchuscylindraceus (Goeze, 1782) in Mexico. Proceedingsof the HelminthologicalSo- Schmidt and Kuntz, 1966. Journal of Parasitology ciety of Washington52: 139-140. [With P. M. Hu- 67: 597-598. ber.] 1982 1986 Brentisentisuncinus gen. et sp. n. and Gorgorhynchus Cysts resemblinga hydatid in a chicken. Avian Dis- satoi (Morisita 1937) Yamaguti 1963 from Taiwan. eases 30: 840-842. [With R. L. Rausch.] Journal of Parasitology68: 134-137. [With S. H. Handbookof tapewormidentification. CRC Press, Boca Leotta and R. E. Kuntz.] Raton, Florida, 675 p. Cestoda.In Taxonomyof living organismsof the world. Morphogenesisof the Acanthocephala.In Parasitolo- McGraw-Hill,New York, p. 807-822. gy-Quo Vadit? Proceedingsof the Sixth Interna- Helminthsof bushy-tailedwood rats,Neotoma cinerea tionalCongress of Parasitology,Australian Academy subspp. from Colorado,Idaho, and Wyoming. Pro- of Science, Canberra,p. 255-258. ceedings of the HelminthologicalSociety of Wash- Raillietina (Raillietina)alectori sp. n. and other avian ington 49: 109-117. [With G. E. Miller.] cestodes from Israeland Sinai. Bulletindu Museum Nationald'Histoire Naturelle, Section A 8: 101-109. 1983 [With Z. Greenbergand G. Wertheim.] A survey of cestodes from Borneo, Palawanand Tai- Two new species of Litomosoides(Nematoda: Oncho- wan, with specialreference to threenew species.Pro- cercidae)from pocket gophers (Rodentia:Geomyi- ceedings of the HelminthologicalSociety of Wash- dae) in Colorado. Systematic Parasitology8: 235- ington 50: 117-134. [With L. A. Jensen and R. E. 242. [With S. L. Gardner.] Kuntz.] Witenbergitaeniasinaica gen. n., sp. n. (Anoploce- Ascaropstalpa sp. n. (Nematoda:Spirocercidae) from phalidae)and other cestodes from small mammals the Formosanmole, Talpa micrurainsularis, in Tai- in Israeland in the Sinai Peninsula.Bulletin du Mu- wan. Journalof Parasitology69: 761-763. [With P. seum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Section A 8: M. Huber and R. E. Kuntz.] 543-550. [With G. Wertheimand Z. Greenberg.] Development of Thelastomabulhoesi and the effect of thiabendazoleon the unembryonatedegg. Journal of 1988 Nematology 15: 296-301. [With G. L. McCallister.] Cestodes of the genus Hymenolepis Weinland, 1858 What is Echinorhynchuspomatostomi Johnston and sensu strictofrom pocket gophersGeomys and Tho- Cleland, 1912?Journal of Parasitology69: 397-399. momysspp. (Rodentia:Geomyidae) in Coloradoand Oregon,with a discriminantanalysis of four species 1984 of Hymenolepis.Canadian Journal of Zoology 66: Angularellaaudubonensis sp. n. (Dilepididae)and oth- 896-903. [With S. L. Gardner.] er cestodesof cliff swallowsin Colorado.Proceedings Cloacotaeniellatringae n. gen., n. sp. (Cestoidea:Hy- 770 THEJOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY, VOL. 78, NO.5, OCTOBER1992

menolepididae)from a redshanks, Tringa totanus 1989 (Charadriiformes)in Israel.Journal of Parasitology Australiformissemoni (Linstow, 1898) n. gen., n. comb. 74: 868-869. [WithS. R. Bauerleand G. Wertheim.] (Acanthocephala:Moniliformidae) from marsupials Essentialsof parasitology.Wm. C. Brown Publishers, of Australiaand New Guinea. Journalof Parasitol- Dubuque, Iowa, 294 p. ogy 75: 215-217. [With S. J. Edmonds.] Helminths of swallowsof the mountainsof Colorado, New recordsof cestodes of New Zealand birds. New including Acuaria coloradensisn. sp. (Nematoda: Zealand Journal of Zoology 16: 465. [With F. R. Spirurata).Journal of Parasitology74: 336-338. [With Allison.] F. J. Sherwin.] Inermicapsiferbeveridgei n. sp. (Cestoidea:Anoplo- 1990 cephalidae)from Procaviacapensis (Hyracoidea) in New species of Andrya and Paranoplocephala(Ces- Israel, with notes on two species of Hymenolepis. toidea:Anoplocephalidae) from voles and mole-rats G. Journal of Parasitology 74: 487-488. [With in Israeland Syria.Journal of Parasitology76: 641- Wertheim.] 644. [With J. M. Fair and G. Wertheim.] Some parasitichelminths from the American oyster- catcher,Haematopus palliatus Temminck, from the 1992 Texasgulf coast and the common pied oystercatcher, Amazilolepistrinidadensis gen. n., sp. n. (Cestoidea: H. ostralegusLinnaeus, from New Zealand,includ- Hymenolepididae)from the copper-rumpedhum- ing Dildotaenia latovariumn. gen. and n. sp. (Ces- mingbird,Amazilia tobaci,in Trinidad,West Indies. toda:Hymenolepididae). Journal of Parasitology74: Journal of the HelminthologicalSociety of Wash- 864-867. [WithN. 0. Dronen, B. R. Allison, and J. ington 59: 117-119. [With M. D. Dailey.] W. Mellen.] Parasitesof the extinctShasta ground sloth, Nothrothe- Two new species of Moniliformis (Acanthocephala: riopsshastensis, in RampartCave, Arizona.Journal Moniliformidae)from Malaysia.Journal of Parasi- of Parasitology78: 811-816. [WithD. W. Duszynski tology 74: 322-325. [With T. P. Deveaux and M. and P. S. Martin.] Krishnasamy.]