THfe AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL

Photo from P. W. Buhrman THE OLD GAME COCK TRAINER OF BALI

MAY, 1925 FEDERAL-AMERICAN NATIONAL BANK NOW IN COURSE OF CONSTRUCTION

IN WASHINGTON, D. C.

W. T. GALLIHER, Chairman of the Board JOHN POOLE, President

RESOURCES OVER $13,000,000.00 FOREIGN S JOURNAL

PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE AMERICAN FOREI GN SERVICE ASSOCIATION

VOL. II. No. 5 WASHINGTON, D. C. MAY, 1925 The Foreign Service School THE first session of the Foreign Service Bureau of Accounts, the Bureau of Indexes and School provided for in the Executive Order Archives, and finally to the Geographical Division of June 7, 1924, will commence on April 20, covering the particular country to which the new when some twenty candidates who passed success¬ Foreign Service Officer is to be assigned. Except fully the entrance examinations held in January during lecture hours, the pupils will he in con¬ last will, as Foreign Service Officers unclassified, stant attendance in the division to which they are at salaries of $2,500 a year, assemble in the temporarily detailed and where under the super¬ Department of State for instruction and training. vision of the chief of the division and his While the normal school term is one year and new assistants they will be given an opportunity to appointees remain in all cases on probation for observe the operation of the division and to take this twelve month period, it is expected that, part in its work. In so far as the work and owing to present shortage of personnel, the work organization of a division may permit such train¬ in the Department of the first pupils will not ex¬ ing, a special effort will lie made to give the pupils tend over four or five months and that, as men practice in drafting. are needed in the field, they will be assigned to Lecture work will consist of two hours daily, posts abroad for further training and the com¬ namely from 9 to 10 a. m. and from 2 to 3 p. m. pletion of the probationary period. For this rea¬ The courses will cover a very wide range of sub¬ son, the work of the first class is being so planned jects for, in addition to lectures dealing with the as to enable the pupils to cover by October 1st all different phases of Foreign Service work, the essential phases of Foreign Service work. The pupils will have the benefit of series of talks on candidates who pass successfully the July ex¬ current political problems, foreign commerce, ex¬ aminations will in all probability form a new change and banking, the work and operation of class, convening in October, for a term which, in the various Departments of the Government, etc. the absence of some unforeseen emergency, will In most instances, lectures will be given by officials last one full year. of the Department of State and For¬ The work of the Foreign Service eign Service Officers on detail in pupils will be divided into two main Washington. Special subjects will, groups, namely, lectures and practical however, be covered by experts from work in the various divisions of the other departments or such institutions Department. as the United States Chamber of The practical or, as it were, labora¬ Commerce. Inasmuch as the pupils tory work in the different divisions of enter the school following the success¬ the Department will comprise the de¬ ful completion of their examinations, tail of each member of the class in no general courses are contemplated rotation to the Visa Office, the Divi¬ National Photo Co. covering the subjects included in the sion of Passport Control, the Divi¬ WILLIAM DAWSON examinations, such as international sion of Foreign Service Administra¬ Chief Instructor, For¬ law, political economy, history, tion, the Commercial Office, the eign Service School geography, etc. Special phases of 145 these subjects will of course be dealt with in most of representatives of the Bureau of Foreign and of the lecture courses and particularly those de¬ Domestic Commerce, Public Health Service, Ship¬ voted to current political problems, international ping Board, Bureau of Immigration, etc. Cer¬ commerce, and certain aspects of Foreign Service tain Departments and other Government agencies field work- will be visited by the class in a body and, if time The lectures dealing with the different phases permits, it is hoped that the pupils may be given of Foreign Service field work will include among an opportunity to observe the actual operations of others the following subjects: Political reporting, the offices of such officials as Collectors of Cus¬ commercial work, alien visas and immigration, toms, Shipping Commissioners, and Inspectors of passport work and citizenship, Foreign Service Immigration. administration, allowances and estimates, ac¬ It is further planned to provide facilities for counts, efficiency records, diplomatic regulations, conversational work in French and other foreign consular regulations, filing, indexing and coding, languages and to give courses and practical train¬ extradition, shipping and seamen, quarantine, in¬ ing in the preparation of reports and other official voices, landing certificates, animal quarantine, correspondence. welfare and whereabouts cases, inventories, The lectures and work of the School will, how¬ estates, representation of foreign governments, ever, by no means be confined to what may be protection of interests, diplomatic procedure, etc. termed the technical preparation of the pupils for These lectures will in all cases be given by experts their immediate field duties. It is the aim of the in the Department of State and will in numer¬ School Board to give them in addition an insight ous instances be supplemented by lectures by into the operation of the Government and some officials of other Departments with which Foreign of the major problems confronting it and in gen¬ Service Officers cooperate in the enforcement of eral to stimulate their interest in the study of in¬ law or the promotion of American interests. ternational relations and politico-economic ques- Among these supplementary lectures will be those (Continued on page 176)

146 THE ORAL EXAMINATION From “ book of cartoan* hy M c PeHt Washington’s Visit To Barbados

By J. J. C. WATSON, Barbados THE great majority of Americans will be sur¬ them to breakfast and dinner. (At that period prised to learn that the “father of his breakfast was served at 10 o’clock, dinner at 3 country” once visited Barbados. and supper at 7 o’clock.) They were received in While recorded by history, this trip was over¬ the most kind and friendly manner by their host, shadowed, naturally, by the great events of his who was one of the leading men in the Colony. later life. It was the only time that Washington The Clarke house—known as The Garden—is ever travelled outside the confines of the United occupied now by Mrs. Robert Challenor. Ar¬ States. An interesting account of the trip is con¬ rangements were made that evening for the tained in a diary kept by him. This diary has brothers to board at a Mr. Carter’s, until they been published by Joel Munsell, of Albany, New could find suitable lodgings. On November 7 York under the title: The Daily Journal of Major their new friends took the Washingtons to inspect George Washington. Captain Crofton’s house. The rooms suited them, George’s older brother, Lawrence Washington, so they moved in the next day. This house, which having contracted consumption in 1751, decided is built of brick, is still standing, but has been added to and otherwise altered in appearance to go to Barbados, which even at that early period since then. In his diary Washington describes was a well-known health resort, and took George the house and the agreement about board as along as a companion. At that time our hero was follows: not quite 20 years of age. The brothers sailed “Thursday 8th. Came Capt. Crofton with from Virginia on September 28, 1751, and his proposals which tho extravagantly dear my reached their destination early in the morning of Brother was oblig’d to give. £15 per month is November 3, 1751. his charge exclusive of Liquors and washing The morning after their arrival a note was which we find. In the Evening we remov’d brought them from Major Foster Clarke, inviting (Continued on page 174)

Contributed .by J. J. C. Watson THE HOUSE WHERE GEORGE WASHINGTON VISITED 147 Historical Archives of the Department

By GERHARD GADE, Diplomatic Secretary, Department DURING the war, when every room in the sul, as well as with Rasoherina Manj aka, Queen State, War, and Navy Building was of Madagascar; Menelik, King of Kings, of urgently needed for a suddenly enlarged Ethiopia; Barghashbin Said, Sultan of Zanzibar; staff, many of the historical archives of the and with Hassan Bashaw, Dey of Algiers. There Department were removed to the sub-basement of is the first treaty between the United States and the Department. Treasures of the greatest sen¬ Siam, “signed on the one part with the name of timental, historical, and monetary value are now the Chau P’haya P’hra-klang, and sealed with the being brought to the light of day. seal of the lotus flower, of glass; on the other part There are documents encased in tooled leather, it is signed with the name of Edmund Roberts, velvet, silk, bambo, lacquer, gold brocade, and and sealed with a seal containing an eagle and even ivory. There are treaties signed with the stars.” There is a treaty concluded “under the Tsars of All the Russians, with Their Catholic auspices of the greatest, the most powerful of all Majesties of Spain, with the Most Christian the princes of the Ottoman nation who reign upon Kings of France, with Bounaparte, the First Con¬ the earth, our most glorious and most august

Underwood and Underwood Mr. Tyler Dennett, Chief, Division of Publications, in General Charge of the Historical Documents With Some of the Treaties 148 Emperor, who commands the two lands and the Minister to the United States, miscellaneous coins, two seas, Selim Kan, the victorious son of the an “address from the Inhabitants of Birmingham Sultan Moustafa, whose realm may God prosper to His Excellency Abraham Lincoln, President of until the end of ages, the support of Kings, the the United States” expressing their sympathy Seal of Justice, the Emperor of with his efforts to free the negro, a Emperors!” stone from the Great Wall of China, One of the most interesting agree¬ and the “Royal Whale’s Tooth!” ments to an American is the so-called The Whale’s Tooth is probably the Wayne Treaty between the United most curious item in the collection. States and various tribes of Indians, Tradition amongst the Fijians gave to signed by George Washington in 1795. it a marvelous age as an heirloom in There is the convention ceding their royal family, a gift from the Louisiana, and the treaty marking the mythological god of good and evil, close of the American Revolution. Deigai, who was supposed to inhabit There is the evidence presented in the an immense cave in the interior of the Northwest and Northeast Boundary largest island. King Thakoban, the Disputes, including many age-mel¬ last of Fiji kings, sent it in 1870 as his lowed charts and note hooks of ex¬ most precious treasure to President plorers. Grant by way of an earnest of his Bound volumes contain the original desire to negotiate a treaty of friend¬ Laws of the United States signed by ship with the United States in a vain the Presidents. The leather bindings effort to maintain his country in its have rotted away, hut the tough parch¬ independence. ment documents are fortunately in A number of the most valuable good condition. There are also all the archives have already been transferred original Pocketed Laws, Records of to places of safe keeping by Executive the Presidential elections, Executive order. In 1906, President Roosevelt Orders, and Proclamations, including transferred the following documents the Emancipation Proclamation, signed from the Department of State to the by Lincoln and countersigned by possession and custody of the Manu¬ Seward. For the contents of one script Division of the Library of Con¬ Manila package alone the Department gress—Spanish manuscripts of 1631, of State has been offered half a million supposed to have been captured in the dollars. It contains the original ratifi¬ City of Mexico; journal of the ship cations by the various States of the Hope, 1790-1792; Whiskey Insurrec¬ Constitution. tion papers; log book of the ship Other items are—a copy of the Lexington; papers relating to the Bun- famous Nuremberg Chronicle, pub¬ Conspiracy; the John Henry papers; lished in 1493, gift swords from Japan and the jefferson Davis papers. In and Siam, an ebony box inlaid with 1921 President Harding turned over gold, a Chinese ceremonial robe, four to the Library of Congress the original Revolutionary daguerreotypes which engrossed Declaration of Independence have not vet been identified, a plan for and the Constitution of the United an airship (in Russian) dated 1846, States, as well as the Journal of the the letter from the Emperor of China Convention which framed the Con¬ accrediting Anson Burlingame as his stitution,the Articles of Confederation, (Continued on page 171)

Christopher Columbus Column at Palos, Spain, from Whence Columbus Sailed on His First Voyage 149 Death of Hon. John Jacob Rogers REPRESENTATIVE JOHN JACOB Overwork resulted in a relapse. Rogers, of Massachusetts, died in Garfield Mr. Rogers leaves, besides his widow, two hospital, Washington, D. C., at 9.05 sisters, Mrs. Frank Emerson Dunbar and Mrs. o’clock Saturday night, March 29, after a long Frederick A. Flather, both of Lowell. illness. Mr. Rogers had been suffering intermittently STATEMENT OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE since last July with Hodgkins’ disease, about “In the death of the Honorable John Jacob which the medical world knows comparatively Rogers, Member of Congress from Massachu¬ little. setts, the Department of State suffers the loss of Mr. Rogers was born in Lowell, August 18, a man whose constructive interest in the improve¬ 1881. He was educated at Harvard University. ment of the personnel of the Foreign Service has In the fall of 1907 he married Miss Edith Frances reached fruition in legislation of far reaching Nourse, also of Lowell, and began the practice of importance. law. “The Department and the Foreign Service in Preferring na¬ general already feel tional politics t o the stimulus of the state politics, al¬ act bearing Mr. though Republican Rogers’ name, and leaders in Massa¬ which has been in chusetts had urged force less than a him to run for gov¬ year; while the en¬ ernor, Mr. Rogers hanced opportunities came to Congress in of the Foreign Serv¬ 1913, where he ice are evidenced in served continuously, the great increase in except for a period the number of appli¬ of the World War cants for admission when he enlisted as a thereto. private in the Field “To this official Artillery. expression of sorrow He was the rank¬ and regret at the ing majority member death of so loyal and of the House Com¬ conscientious a pub¬ mittee on Foreign lic servant, I feel Affairs. myself fully author¬ Mr. Rogers was ized to add the ex¬ urged to become a pression of personal candidate last fall loss which is felt by for United States every officer of the senator from Massa¬ Foreign Service.” chusetts, but he de¬ cided not to enter the STATEMENT OF THE contest. U NDERSECRETARY Mr. Rogers under¬ When informed of went an operation the death of the for appendicitis last Honorable John July 14. He appar¬ Jacob Rogers, the ently re co vie red Undersecretary o f quickly and after a State, Mr. Joseph C. rest of several weeks Grew, said: threw himself into “The Foreign the presidential cam¬ Underwood and Underwood Service is inexpres¬ paign. THE HON. JOHN JACOB ROGERS sibly shocked and 150 distressed by the news of the untimely death of That Mr. Rogers was truly “Lowell’s best be¬ John Jacob Rogers, who has proved himself one loved citizen” was clearly evidenced not only by of its truest friends and supporters. For years the comments of the Press in general and of he worked untiringly with far-sighted vision to Lowell in particular but also by the demonstra¬ frame and to interest Congress and the country tion of sorrow and respect which in spontaneity in constructive legislation for its reorganization and general participation was unique. St- Anne’s and improvement. The Rogers Act of 1924 was (Continued on page 170) the concrete result of his long and public spirited efforts by which the Diplomatic and Consular Services were combined in a single Foreign Service founded on the prin¬ ciple of permanent tenure of office, pro¬ motion for merit, reasonable salaries, and retirement with an annuity. This legislation in itself will stand as a per¬ manent monument to his name. He pos¬ sessed the admiration, confidence, and re¬ spect of the Service, which will hold him always in affectionate memory. Our pro- foundest sympathy is with Mrs. Rogers in her sorrow.”

THE FUNERAL Bv the direction of the Secretary of State and pursuant to a de¬ cision reached at a meeting of the exec¬ utive officers of the Foreign Service Asso¬ ciation, Mr. J. Butler Wright, Assistant Secretary of State, and Mr. Evan E. Young, Chief of the Division of Eastern European Affairs and Chairman of the For¬ eign Service Associa¬ tion Executive Com¬ mittee, attended the funeral of Mr. John Jacob Rogers a t Photo by P. C. Squire Lowell, on March 31. CONSULATE AT DUNKIRK

151 The Wrangell Island Eskimos

From a memorandum by C. H. STEPHAN, Vice Consul, Harbin CHARLES WELLS, an American, and 12 also before the arrival of the Donaldson, on a dog Alaska Eskimos, left Kotzebue, Alaska, in team for Siberia. What had become of these August, 1923, on a small schooner, the three was unknown to the lone Eskimo woman Donaldson, hired by a certain Mr. Noyes for the and to the present party of Eskimos. The latter Canadian Steffansen Company to go to Wrangell felt, however, that the three had died. The dis¬ Island to trap furs—white foxes. The party con¬ tance from Wrangell Island to the Siberian coast sisted of Peter Ko-na-norus, whaler, of Point is about 200 miles. The ice between the island Hope, Alaska, his wife, Kipawana, and children, and the mainland is very thick, but to get across Eeta and Esther; John Adams, Chief Reindeer the whole way by dog team is believed to be very- Herder, Noatak, Alaska, his wife, liaata, and hazardous if not impossible. The woman was children Max, Curtis and Daala; Roy Kapok, taken back to Alaska on the Donaldson in the trapper, and Abraham Howarth, trapper, both of summer of 1923. Noatak, Alaska. Mr. Wells and the thirteen Eskimos, one was They found on arrival in the summer of 1923 born on Wrangell Island, were there for a whole an Eskimo woman, one of five people who had year. They had brought with them lumber to been on the island. Otherwise the island was and build huts and supplies of various kinds. During had been, apparently, uninhabited. Of the other this time they trapped 157 white foxes. Accord¬ four people, white men, one died before the ing to the contract with Noyes, he was to visit arrival of the Donaldson and the other three left. them the following summer and, possibly, to take them away. No schooner or other ship came to Wrangell before the arrival of the Rus¬ sian ship, the Red October, in August, 1924. When the ship was sighted, Mr. Wells and four Eskimos, in a skin boat, went out to meet it. They could not make out the flag but, on coming nearer, made it out a Russian ship, and turned to go back to shore. The Russians hailed, however, and invited the party on board. On board they were informed that there was plenty of thick ice about, and that no schooner or other ship would be able to reach Wrangell that sum¬ mer. At East Cape, on the way down to Vladivostok aboard the Russian ship, it was learned that three other ships had tried to reach Wrangell that summer, one of which was the U. S. Revenue Cut¬ ter Bear. The Bear was re¬ ported to have broken its Contributed by C. H. Stephan propeller, and had to put back to Alaska. THE RESCUED ESKIMOS (Continued on page 168) 152 The Ashura At Damascus

By MATHILDE VOSSLER KEELEY, Damascus, Syria ON Ashura, “the tenth day” of Moharram instigation of an Omayyad ruler of Damascus (the first month of the Mohammedan who claimed succession to the Caliphate, while lunar calendar), the believers of the Plussein was murdered by the next Omayyad Shiite sect assemble for the annual ceremony in heir when he refused to publicly proclaim the commemoration of the murder of their Shiite Omayyad right to the Caliphate. The Shiite saints, Hassan and Hussein. sect then sprang from among the followers of Both the spectators and the participants at the sons of Ali, and never have the Caliphs this religious performance become so gory and of the Sunnites been recognized by them. work themselves When the pres¬ into such a state ent-day commemo¬ of fanatic frenzy rative services are that it is usually held every Shiite considered danger¬ within walking or ous for persons riding distance of not members of Sitt makes the pil¬ the Shiite sect to grimage and ar¬ attend. However. rives early on the Mr. Keeley and I day of the festival attended the cere¬ in order to obtain mony at Sitt, near as advantageous a Damascus, Syria, location as is pos¬ on August 23, sible. The press 1923, as the guests Photo by J. H. Keeley, Jr. of the worshippers of the Persian SHIITES CUTTING THEIR HEADS is so great that Consul General at mounted marshals Damascus, who is himself a Shiite Moham¬ have to endeavor to clear a path for the proces¬ medan. sion. The procession aims to depict, by means The village of Sitt, meaning “Lady,” is so of primitive pageantry, the murders of the two called because of a sacred shrine erected here to martyrs. Men on horseback, sprouting arrows Zevneb, the sister of Hassan and Hussein, the and bleeding red paint, represent the wounded heroes of this memorial service. Hassan and Hussein. Palanquins, ornately decorated with Hussein were the sons of Ali. who was first mirrors, beads, and ostrich feathers and sup¬ cousin, then adopted brother, and finally hus¬ ported by bearers, are supposed to contain the band of Fatmeh, the daughter of the Islamic female entourage of the martyrs. Worshippers Prophet Moham¬ on foot beat their med. Ali was the heads in an¬ fourth Caliph guished memory of the Moslem of the cruel mur¬ Faith. ders. These men, Although cer¬ who either are tain elements in chosen or elect the then rapidly themselves be¬ expanding Mos¬ forehand, shave lem state believed the crowns of the sons of Ali their heads and to be his logical array themselves successors, nei¬ in white robes. ther achieved the Then they march Caliphate. Has¬ in line formation, san was poisoned Photo by J. H. Keeley, Jr. with rythmic bv his wife at the THE FANATICS BEAT THEMSELVES (Continued on p. 168) 1S3 THE REPORTS

By ALFRED NUTTING, London FOREiGN^g^^jSljRNAL Reports! Reports! t v»l. H MAY, 1925 No. 5 ] All kinds and sorts, From bugs to bortz And torts at courts; PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY AMERICAN FOREIGN In pints and quarts, SERVICE ASSOCIATION, WASHINGTON, D. C. Gallons and tons, The American Foreign Service Journal is published monthly by the American Foreign Service Association, and is distributed Outpouring runs by the Association to its members gratis. The Journal is also Sheet after sheet open to private subscription in the United States and abroad at the rate of $4.00 a year, or 85 cents a copy, payable to the Of facts complete— American Foreign Service Journal, care Department of State, Washington, D. C. Encyclopaedic, The purposes of the Journal are (1) to serve as an exchange Suave or acetic. among American Foreign Service officers for personal news and for information and opinions respecting the proper discharge of their functions, and to keep them in touch with business and administrative developments which are of moment to them; and Reports! Reports! (t) to disseminate information respecting the work of the Foreign Service among interested persons in the United States, Reports on everything statistical, including business men and others having interests abroad, and Reports on matters metaphysical, young men who may be considering the Foreign Service as a career. Reports that never may be lyrical, Propaganda and articles of a tendentious nature, especially Though oft, perhaps, they seem hysterical. such as might be aimed to influence legislative, executive or administrative action with respect to the Foreign Service, or the Department of State, are rigidly excluded from its columns. Contributions should be addressed to the American Foreign Reports on cats and rats and mice, Service Journal, care Department of State, Washington, D. C. Copyright, 1925, by the American Foreign Service Association. Reports on isothermic ice, Reports on hops (it is not nice CONTENTS Encouraging the drinking vice!) Reports on pillows, puffs and pills, THE FOREIGN SERVICE SCHOOL 145 Reports on stone for window sills, WASHINGTON’S VISIT TO BARBADOS— Reports on Jacks, reports on Jills, By J. J. C. Watson 147 Reports of facts on fashion’s frills.

HISTORICAL ARCHIVES OF THE DEPART¬ MENT—By G. Gadc 148 Reports on hats and hooks and hose, DEATH OF JOHN JACOB ROGERS 150 A rubber boot or rubber nose, On oyster shells and herring roes, THE WRANGELL ISLAND ESKIMOS 152 And what else, goodness only knows! THE ASHURA AT DAMASCUS— Reports on things beneath the earth, By M. V. Keeley 158 On things above, reports of birth, REPORTS—Poem by Alfred Nlifting 154 And—should there seem to be a dearth Of due reward for personal worth— ITEMS 155 Reports upon their work, their wage, UNHEALTHFUL POSTS—Executive Order... 158 Their service long (page after page), COMMERCIAL 158 By Consuls who desire a stage Of real uplift—if not, they rage! RESIGNATIONS 159

NECROLOGY 159 Reports that really are a miracle. BIRTHS 159 Does A C—C, crammed pyramidical, MARRIAGES 159 E’er say, without a thought satirical RICHARD BUTLER 159 (Or do we dream of something mythical?) That: “Every day SERVICE CHANGES 161 In every way” ORDER NO. 323 164 These live reports get Coue-istical!

154 THE Secretary of State, Mr. Kellogg, spent Ulysses Grant-Smith, now Minister to Albania, Easter at Pinehurst, N. C. has been appointed Minister to Uruguay.

Assistant Secretary of State, Mr. Carr, re¬ George L. Kreeck, of Kansas, has been ap¬ cently spent a week at Charleston, S. C. pointed Minister to Paraguay.

Alexander P. Moore, Ambassador to Spain, Ambassador Houghton sailed for London on has resigned. Mr. Moore sailed for Spain on April 15. March 28.

Edward E. Brodie, Minister to Siam, has The Department of Agriculture has opened an resigned. office at Vienna, to be under the charge of G. C. Haas. Charles L. Kagey, Minister to Finland, has resigned, and has returned to the United States. Ambassador Schurman has left Peking on his way to his new post. Jacob Gould Schurman, now Minister to China, has been appointed Ambassador to Germany. Major Sherman Miles has l>een detached and retired as Military Attache at Constantinople and Peter Augustus Jay, now Minister to Rumania, Sofia, and Col. Robert C. Foy has been detailed has been appointed Ambassador to Argentina. to succeed him.

Contributed by Leroy Webber STAFF OF THE CONSULATE AT AMOY

Left to right—C. M. Chino, W. C. Ong, C. T. Tan, Leroy Webber (Consul in charge), G. W. Strong, C. Chan 155 Major William C. Koenig has been attached Diplomatic Secretary William S. Howell, Jr., to the Embassy at Paris as Military Attache. called at the Department en route to his new post at Warsaw, Poland. Major Bertram L. Cadwalader has been as¬ signed to Berlin as Assistant Military Attache. Vice Consul William C. Young, London, re¬ cently underwent a slight operation at the Amer¬ Consul David J. D. Myers, Durango, has been ican Hospital, that city. ill for two weeks with intestinal fever. Diplomatic Secretary Frederick P. Hibbard, The Consulate at Windsor, Ontario, was London, who recently came to the United States robbed on the night of March 28. Fortunately, with the Secretary of State, returned to his only a small sum of cash, $56.87, in the cash box post on April 15, accompanying Ambassador in a desk drawer, was stolen. Houghton.

Consul General Frederick T. F. Dumont, Diplomatic Secretary Craig W. Wadsworth, Frankfort on Main, has been ill with influenza, while en route to Lima, was compelled to enter

Contributed by H. Doresy New son OFFICERS OF THE EMBASSY AT MEXICO CITY Standing, left to right—Alexander V. Dye, Commercial Attache; H. Dorsey Newson, Second Sec¬ retary; Stuart E. Grummon, Third Secretary. Sitting, left to right—Lieut. Col. G. M. Russell, Military Attache; H. F. A. Schoenfeld, Counselor; Ambassador James R. Sheffield; Alexander Kirk, First Secretary; Maj. E. L. N. Glass, Assistant Military Attache 156 the hospital at Ancon, Canal Zone, for treat- Diplomatic Secretary Clifton R. Wharton, ment. Monrovia, is sailing for his post on April 18.

Mr. David F. Wilber, formerly Consul Gen¬ Consul Fletcher Warren, Flabana, is spending eral, was a recent visitor to the Department. his leave in Washington. Mr. Ray Fox, Consul, assigned to Calcutta, is spending his leave of absence in California. The following men from the field took the oral examination for the Foreign Service on Mr. Lucien N. Sullivan, Consul at Cadiz, is April 14: spending his leave of absence in Miami and Fayette James Flexer, Clerk, Consulate Gen¬ Washington. eral, Mexico City. Raymond O. Richards, Vice Consul, Santo Vice Consul Winfield H. Scott, recently as¬ Domingo. signed to the Department, has been detailed for Harold L. Smith, Vice Consul, Malaga. duty in A-C/C (Commercial Section). Charles W. Allen, Vice Consul, Berne. Bernhard Paulson, Clerk, Legation, Stock¬ Mr. Robert S. Burgher, Secretary of Legation. holm. Panama, is spending his leave with relatives in C. C. M. Pedersen, Clerk, Legation, Copen¬ Dallas, Tex. hagen. Joseph M. Estrugo, Clerk, Consulate General, Vice Consul R. Flournoy Howard, London, Constantinople. passed through Washington to his home, Macon, Peter J. Houlahan, Vice Consul, Buenos Ga., where he is spending his leave of absence. Aires. William E. Beitz, Clerk, Consulate, Ham¬ Consul E. B. Coulter, who has been spending burg. a leave in California, has returned to London Raymond H. Fisher, Clerk, London. before proceeding to his new post, Barranquilla, Walter E. Smith, Vice Consul, Nanking. Colombia. John A. Squiers, Clerk, Consulate General, Paris. Vice Consul Arthur F. Tower, who has been Edward J. Sparks, Clerk, Santiago. assigned to the Department, has been assigned Thomas R. Flack, Vice Consul, Vienna. temporarily to Port au Nelson P. Meeks, Prince. Clerk, Embassy, Mex¬ ico City. The Consulate at St. Gall, Switzerland, has The State Depart¬ been closed. ment Club held its regular meeting on the Vice Consul James evening of March 25 G. Finley, Montreal, at Rauscher’s. The has been ill as a result guests of honor were of the operation which the Secretary of State he underwent while in and Mrs. Kellogg. The Washington a few program consisted of months ago. piano duets rendered by Messrs. Guy Maier American Minister and Lee Pattison. Jesse S. Cottrell, La Paz, sailed for his post A portrait of former on April 8. Secretary of State Hughes, a three-quar¬ Vice Consul Harry ter length done in oil. A. McBride, Malaga, has been presented to called at the Depart¬ Consul C. W. Davis sent this fish picture from the Department by ment. British Guiana and doesn’t claim he caught it! Col. W. E. Fowler. 157 Percival Gassett, Foreign Service officer, re¬ established as unhealthful posts for the purposes tired, recently visited the Department. of retirement within the meaning of the law above quoted: Consul Arminius T. Haeberle recently won a Acapulco, Mexico; Aden, Arabia; Bahia, cigarette case as first prize in a chess tourna¬ Brazil; Bangkok, Siam; Barranquilla, Colom¬ ment on a steamer en route to Sao Paulo. bia; Batavia, Java; Belize, British Honduras; Bluefields, Nicaragua; Bombay, India; Buena¬ Augustus E. Ingram, whose resignation was ventura, Colombia; Calcutta, India; Cartagena, effective on March 31, will live in Los Angeles, Colombia ; Ceiba, Honduras ; Colombo, Ceylon; Calif., where his address is care First National Corinto, Nicaragua; Dakar, Senegal; Frontera, Bank. The loss to the Service in Mr. Ingram’s Mexico; Georgetown, British Guiana; Guaya¬ resignation will be felt by a host of his friends quil, Ecuador; Guaymas, Mexico; Karachi, in all parts of the world to whom his kindliness India; La Guaira, Venezuela; La Paz, Bolivia; and tact had endeared him. Loanda, Angola; Lourenco Marques, East Africa; Madras, India; Managua, Nicaragua; Diplomatic Secretary Robert M. Scotten has Manaos, Brazil; Manzanillo, Mexico; Mara¬ sailed for his new post at Rio de Janeiro. caibo, Venezuela; Mazatlan, Mexico; Medan, Sumatra; Monrovia, Liberia; Para, Brazil; Consul General Ernest L. Harris has left Penang, Straits Settlements; Pernambuco, Bra¬ Washington to visit his mother and daughter in zil; Port Limon, Costa Rica; Progreso, Mexico; Illinois. Puerto Barrios, Guatemala; Puerto Cabello, Venezuela; Puerto Castilla, Honduras; Puerto Consul Maurice P. Dunlap expects to visit the Cortes, Honduras; Rangoon, India; Saigon, United States on leave shortly. French Indo-China; Salina Cruz, Mexico; Santa Marta, Colombia; Singapore, Straits Set¬ The engagement is announced of Baronness tlements; Soerabava, Java; Tampico, Mexico; Gustave von der Tan to Matthew E. Hanna, Tela, Plonduras; Vera Cruz, Mexico. First Secretary at Berlin. CALVIN COOLIDGE.

THE WHITE HOUSE, UNHEALTHFUL POSTS April 1, 1925.

EXECUTIVE ORDER [No. 4187] Under and pursuant to the provisions of Section 18, paragraph (k) of the act of Congress approved May COMMERCIAL 24, 1924, entitled “An Act for the reorganization and improvement During the month of March, of the Foreign Service of the 1925, there were 2,990 Trade United States, and for other pur¬ Letters transmitted to the De¬ poses,” which paragraph reads as partment as against 2,554 in follows: February, 1925. The Consulate “(k) The President is author¬ ized from time to time to estab¬ at Alexandria, Egypt, took first lish, by Executive order, a list of place in the number of Trade places in tropical countries which Letters submitted, having 141, by reason of climatic or other followed by London, England extreme conditions are to be classed as unhealthful posts, and 75, Paris, France 60, Rio de oach year of duty at such posts, Janeiro 51, and Habana, Cuba while so classed, inclusive of 48. regular leaves of absence, shall A total of 2,196 reports were be counted as one year and a received during the month of half, and so on in like proportion in reckoning the length of service March, 1925, as compared with for the purposes of retirement.” Contributed, by P. W. Buhrman 2,114 reports during the month The following places are hereby YOUNG JAVA of February, 1925. 158 r_ ^HE^MERICANpOREIGNgERVICE JOURNAL

RESIGNATIONS MARRIAGES J. Franklin Points, American Vice Consul and Sisson-Broy. Mrs. Cecil Norton Sisson and Clerk at Kingston, Jamaica, resigned. Mr. Charles C. Broy, Consul, detailed to the Lawrence F. Cotie, Vice Consul and Clerk at Department, were married April 9, 1925, at Buenaventura, Colombia, has resigned. Washington, D. C. Vice Consul G. S. Appleyard, Fernie, has re¬ Leggitt-Smale. Miss Nelle Phyllis Leggitt signed to enter business in the United States. and Mr. William A. Smale, Vice Consul at Nassau, were married at San Diego, Calif., on March 16, 1925. THE JOURNAL ADDRESS In writing to the JOURNAL, care should be RICHARD BUTLER taken not to omit “Care Department of State.” Pensioner and Vice Consul There is in Washington a “Foreign Service School” and a “Foreign Press Service.” Mail By R. F. BOYCE, Consul addressed merely to the “Foreign Service Jour¬ nal, Washington, D. C.,” is frequently missent Richard Butler, an American citizen, ex-Vice to one of the above, or to other wrong addresses. Consul at Hamilton, Ontario (1897-1916), and a veteran of the Civil War, died at Hamilton, Ontario, the night of March 15 at the age of NECROLOGY ninety. He is survived by his widow, aged eighty-seven, with whom he had almost completed Richard Butler, former Vice Consul at Hamil¬ 68 years of married life. ton, Ontario, from 1897 to 1916, died at that Mr. Butler was well known in Hamilton during place on the evening of the last 27 years. Ten March 15, in his ninety- years ago there were still first year. 71 pensioners of the Civil Narciso Jubert, who had War living in and about been Clerk at the Consul¬ Hamilton. Once every ate General Barcelona for quarter they all came in to many years, died on March get their vouchers exe¬ 2, 1925, after an illness of cuted—both a humorous about a year. and pathetic sight. The The JOURNAL regrets to small room then occupied learn of the death of A. T. by the Consulate would be Carter, father of K. J. filled to overflowing with Carter, Consular Agent at the veterans or their Gaspe, Quebec, at Gaspe widows, talking and gos- on January 28, 1925, of siping, joking and condol¬ heart disease. ing. The Consul who had charge of the office during Mr. Butler’s service was BIRTHS himself a Civil War veteran and a pensioner. Mr. But¬ A daughter, Nancy ler presided on these occa¬ Marie Louise Fanny, was sions, assisted unofficially born March 5, 1925, at by the adjutant of the local Nancy, France, to Vice G. A. R. post, Capt. Henry Consul and Mrs. Joseph I. A. Clarke, a thin old man Touchette. with a high voice and a A daughter, Barbara large white beard. Captain Joan, was born March 1, Clarke sat on a high stool, 1925, at Stockholm, to beside Mr. Butler, and as¬ Vice Consul and Mrs. Ben¬ sisted the pensioners to find CONSULATE AT ALEXANDRIA jamin M. Hulley. the dotted line whereon HENGSTLER PROMOTED The many friends throughout the Service will The learn with pleasure that the position occupied by Mr. Herbert C. Hengstler, Chief of the Division CAREER of Foreign Service Administration of the De¬ partment of State, has been recently given careful of a examination by the Federal Reclassification Board, and reclassified in Grade 12, Clerical, Administrative and Fiscal Service of the Govern¬ DIPLOMAT ment. This grade is by law known as the Chief Administrative Grade in the service referred to The .cartoon on page 146 of this and carries the title of “Senior Administrative issue of the JOURNAL are from officer,” with a salary of $5,200. a book of cartoons by M. C. Perts. Price $2.25, including postage. GENTLEMANLY Orders may be sent to the The Consular Agency at Port Maria, Jamaica, JOURNAL or direct to once occupied second-story office rooms which overlooked a semicircle of little, low, wooden houses known as negros’ rooms. Each 10 by 12 M. C. PERTS, foot “room” housed a more or less numerous Jura Alumina Iela, 2, dz. 1; black family One day sounds of a lively scuffle and cries of Riga, Latvia Help ! Murder ! Police ! issued from below. I ran to the balcony and excitedly inquired the cause of the trouble of a negro bystander who replied, “Gen’lman chastisin’ a lady, Sir.” From H. T. WILCOX, Vigo, Spain. their feeble hands traced their signatures, after Mr. Butler had taken their oath. There are now only two or three of these pensioners known at LABELS ON BINDERS this office. By G. C. WOODWARD, Consul Mr. Butler also assembled his colony of pen¬ In offices where Shipman binders, containing sioners at the Hamilton cemetery every Memorial accounts, correspondence, pamphlets, et cetera, Day and the Grand Army services were per¬ are endorsed with paper labels or white ink, white adhesive tape, such as is usually purchasable in all formed by him. He also officiated in the same drug stores, may be used with the endorsement way at the death of each pensioner. made thereon by typewriter. His life is a remarkable one in covering so many years of activity and in drawing so close together the two countries which he claimed as CAN YOU DECODE IT? his own. Though he did not go to the United S Provece or country S Pier Niceto (1) Novembre 1924 States until he was full grown, he fought in the Deiar Consollo meek mi no ft my brater iss derddi Union armies, remained in the United States for Pittsbuck Pi 2 Benuty Way 45 years, making a successful career in business. EE Returning to Canada at the age of sixty-three, he Poglio Pa cornono Catanese for weehsse the ihi then served 18 years as Vice Consul and lived dono sentmi A lettre sbamre sesi the ihi is. schein Sin hoshro. and I ? nine years longer after he retired. In both coun¬ do no to watto to do? tries he was always a keen, active man, identifying U Vngtet fo sezetizie fo Ameriaz himself with every sort of public movement. Penzogenia 160 The Perfect Companions WAHL PEN and the New Perfected RVERSHARP THE perfected comb feed that is built into all Wahl Pens holds the ink, just as a comb holds water. It releases a steady flow at all writing speeds—but never an excess. Admitting of no comparison from the points of beauty, wear and service, Wahl Pen is equally popular with prolific writers who seek writing comfort, and with writers who also value appearance. Look for the name Wahl on pencil and pen. This is your guarantee. If you cannot obtain Wahl Products locally, ivritc direct to us The Vi ahl Company, New York, N. Y., U. S. A.

Waldemar J. Gallman, now detailed to Depart¬ SERVICE CHANGES ment, appointed Third Secretary of Legation at Diplomatic Branch San Jose. Warren D. Robbins, Counselor of Embassy at George A. Gordon, Diplomatic Secretary de¬ Berlin, assigned to Rome, to take effect July 1, tailed to Department, appointed First Secretary 1925. of Legation at Budapest. Copley Amory, Jr., Second Secretary of Em¬ Walter T. Prendergast, Third Secretary of bassy at Rome, assigned Second Secretary of Embassy at Brussels, appointed Third Secretary Legation at Teheran. of Legation at Managua. Wallace S. Murray, Second Secretary of Legation at Teheran, detailed to the Department, to take effect about July 1, 1925. YOU NEED INSURANCE OF SOME Lucille Atcherson, detailed to the Department, KIND AND I WRITE ALL LINES assigned Third Secretary of Legation at Berne. PHONE OR WRITE FOR PARTICULARS Edward S. Crocker, 2d, Third Secretary of REGARDING A COMBINATION Legation at Warsaw, assigned as Third Secretary of Embassy at Rome. LIFE AND DISABILITY POLICY R. A. Wallace Treat, American Consul at Con¬ WHICH PROTECTS BOTH YOU AND stantinople, appointed a diplomatic officer and as¬ YOUR DEPENDENTS signed as Third Secretary with the American WYNDHAM R. WILLS High Commission at Constantinople. Charles B. Curtis, Counselor of Legation at 601-615 Woodward Building Budapest, appointed a Consul General and Main 8510 Washington, D. C. assigned Consul General at Munich. 161 Wm. W. Early, Consul at Belize, assigned Consul San Luis Potosi, Mexico. Carl M. J. von Zielinski Ernest E. Evans, Vice Consul at Mexico City, Leslie B. Cooper Luis M. Alzamora assigned Vice Consul Puerto Castilla. FOREIGN TRADE AND FINANCIAL ADVISERS E. Kitchell Farrand, Vice Consul at Buenos Specializing in Aires, assigned Vice Consul Porto Alegre. The handling of Alien Property Custodian Claims, and Frank P. S. Glassy, Vice Consul at Helsing¬ Miscellaneous Collections Here and Abroad. fors, assigned Vice Consul Tallinn, temporarily. New Financing, Funding of Debts, Re-Organization of Foreign Firms, Incorporations Under American Louis H. Gourley, Consul at Warsaw, assigned Laws, Branch Managements. Consul Lourenco Marques. Financial Investigations and Credit Information Joseph G. Groeninger, Consul at Berlin, as¬ signed Consul Tallinn. Agents and Correspondents Ernest L. Harris, Consul General at Singa¬ in practically all parts of the world pore, assigned Consul General Vancouver. Augustus E. Ingram, Consul General at Van¬ HA1TIAN-D0 MINI CAN DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION couver, resigned effective March 31, 1925. Agents for Savage & Stevens Arms, U. S. Ammunition, and Gerhard H. Krogh, Consul on leave of ab¬ Sonora Phonograph Co. sence, resigned. Karl de G. MacVitty, now Consul at Auck¬ land, assigned Consul Teheran. E. TOSSE & COMPANY, INC. William L. Peck, Vice Consul at Tallinn, as¬ Exporters of signed Vice Consul Leipzig. CHEMICALS AND DRUGS Harold B. Quarton, Consul at Tallinn, assigned Consul Coblenz- 90-96 Wall Street New York City E. Verne Richardson, Consul on detail in Haiti, assigned Consul Karachi. Samuel Sokobin, Consul at Mukden tempo¬ Clifton R. Wharton, newly appointed Foreign rarily, assigned Consul at Harbin, temporarily. Service Officer, unclassified, appointed a Diplo¬ Maurice L. Stafford, Consul at Barranquilla, matic Secretary and Third Secretary of Legation assigned Consul London. at Monrovia. Maynard Stapleton, Vice Consul at Sydney, assigned Vice Consul Newcastle, N. S. W., tem¬ Consular Branch porarily. Walter A. Adams, Consul at Tsingtao, as¬ Leo D. Sturgeon, Vice Consul at Dairen, pro¬ signed Consul Chungking. moted to be a Consul and assigned Consul there. Maynard B. Barnes, now Consul at St. Gall, Joseph I. Touchette, Vice Consul Nancy, as¬ assigned Consul at Berlin. signed Vice Consul Alexandria. Willard L. Beaulac, now Consul at Puerto Arthur F. Tower, Vice Consul detailed to De¬ Castilla, assigned Consul Arica. partment, assigned Vice Consul Port au Prince. Ellis A. Bonnet, now Vice Consul at Piedras Richard R. Willey, Vice Consul at Dublin, as¬ Negras, assigned Vice Consul Belize. signed Vice Consul Calcutta. Walter F. Boyle, now assigned Consul San Thomas M. Wilson, Consul now on detail in Luis Potosi, assigned Consul Auckland. Department, detailed as an Inspector. David K. E. Bruce, newly appointed Foreign Rollin R. Winslow, Vice Consul at Soerabaya, Service Officer, unclassified, declined appointment. promoted to be Consul and assigned Consul there. Alfred D. Cameron, Vice Consul at Marseille, Roy W. Baker, assigned as Vice Consul at assigned Vice Consul, Paris. Barcelona, Spain. Reed Paige Clark, Consul at Port Elizabeth, Henry R. Brown, now at Belgrade, assigned as assigned Consul Mexico City. American Consul at Genoa, Italy. Cecil M. P. Cross, Consul at Lourenco Mar¬ Edward Caffery, now assigned as Consul at ques, assigned Consul Port Elizabeth. Bucharest, Rumania, transferred as American Charles B. Curtis, Counselor of Legation at Consul in the Consulate General at Habana, Cuba. Budapest, appointed a Consul General and Eliot B. Coulter, now at London, transferred assigned Consul General at Munich. as American Consul at Barranquilla, Colombia. Leonard G. Dawson, Consul at Santander, as¬ W. Roderick Dorsey, now at Catania, assigned signed Consul Messina. as American Consul at Tsingtao, China. 162 Ilo C. Funk, now at Genoa, assigned as Amer¬ ican Consul at Catania, Italy. Don S. Haven, now assigned as Consul at Agu- ascalientes, Mexico, instructed to proceed to San Luis Potosi and assume charge of Consulate tem¬ porarily. Henry B. Hitchcock, now at Tokyo, assigned as American Consul at Kobe, Japan. George S. Messersmith, assigned as American Consul General at Antwerp, Belgium. Sheridan Talbott, assigned as American Vice Consul at Habana, Cuba. Non-Carrier Officers William A. Balch clerk at Belfast appointed Vice Consul there. R. Barry Bigelow, Vice Consul and clerk Lu¬ Over Fifty Years cerne temporarily, appointed Vice Consul and clerk Rome. IT IFTY-FOUR years of running Malcolm C. Burke, now clerk Hamburg, ap¬ * superior ships in a superior way. pointed Vice Consul there. Fifty-three years of studying the George C. Cobb, now Vice Consul and clerk needs of discriminating travelers. Alexandria, appointed Vice Consul and clerk And today—the precision of personal Nancy. service and the perfection of equip¬ John J. Coyle, now Vice Consul and clerk ment that characterize every ship of Madrid, appointed Vice Consul and clerk Bilbao our lines. temporarily. Sailings to Principal Ports George F. Dickens, now Vice Consul and clerk To Queenstown (Cobh), Plymouth, Penang, appointed Vice Consul and clerk Singa¬ Liverpool, London, Southampton, pore temporarily. Cherbourg, Antwerp and Hamburg. Owen W. Gaines, clerk at Nuevitas, appointed Sailings every Tuesday, Thursday Vice Consul there. and Saturday. Departures from New Wellington J. Griffith, clerk at London, ap¬ York, Boston, Philadelphia and pointed Vice Consul there. Montreal. The most complete of Earl D. Ilackett, Vice Consul and clerk Cape schedules—on the finest of ships. Town, appointed Vice Consul and clerk Patras. A Wide Choice of Accommodations Morris N. Hughes, clerk at Montevideo, ap¬ In addition to the Majestic, world’s pointed Vice Consul there. largest ship, the Homeric, Olympic, Ellis A. Johnson, new clerk Copenhagen, ap¬ Belgenland, the Big Four to Liver¬ pointed Vice Consul there. pool, and our other de luxe liners, Franklin J. Kelly, clerk at Southampton, ap¬ which offer the acme of luxurious pointed Vice Consul there. ocean travel, our fleet includes twelve Abbott C. Martin, appointed Vice Consul and delightful cabin ships with surpris¬ clerk at Vancouver. ingly low rates. Marshall I. Mays, Vice Consul and clerk at And do not overlook the faultless Wellington, appointed Vice Consul and clerk Second Cabins on our great steamers, Auckland temporarily. splendidly equipped and providing excellent food and accommodations Cecil J. Rivard, clerk at Santo Domingo, ap¬ for as little as $125. pointed Vice Consul there. Thomas K. Salmon, clerk at Cologne, appointed For information apply to No. 1 Broadway, New York, Vice Consul there. the company’s offices elsewhere or authorized agents Harry W. Story, Vice Consul and clerk Ma- tanzas, temporarily, reappointed Vice Consul and clerk Santiago de Cuba. ISWHITE STAR LiNEif AMERICAN lure REP STAR LINE Stephen B. Vaughan, now clerk Budapest, ap¬ IMTIRNATIONAL MRRCAMTILB MARINI COMPANY pointed Vice Consul there. 163 Stanley L. Wilkinson, Vice Consul and clerk these divisions will be provided with stamps bear¬ Tela, appointed Vice Consul and clerk Curacao. ing a caption under which the officers handling John H. Williams, clerk at Colombo, appointed papers must indicate, before the papers leave the Vice Consul there. division, whether or not distribution should be Clarence C. Frick, clerk in the American Con¬ made. This stamp will be placed by the executive sulate General at Dublin, assigned as American clerk of the division upon all incoming despatches Vice Consul at Swansea, Wales. and notes (except of a purely routine nature) Garry H. Hall, clerk in the American Consu- initially routed there, and upon the blue carbon la-e at Riga, Latvia, assigned as American Vice copy of all instructions and notes (except of a Consul there. purely routine nature) prepared in that division. George F. Kelly, clerk in the Consulate at (c) The stamp will not be placed upon tele¬ Kingston, assigned as American Vice Consul grams, as the diplomatic missions exchange cipher there. copies of important telegrams to the Department Harland L. Walters, clerk in the Consulate and those to the field are repeated under instruc¬ General at Tokyo, Japan, assigned as American tions in appropriate cases. The officers of the Vice Consul there. Geographic Divisions and the Office of the Eco¬ nomic Adviser will, however, indicate such fur¬ ORDER No. 323 ther distribution of telegrams as may seem advis¬ able in order that the principle of furnishing to 1. The Division of Political and Economic the field all helpful information may be carried Information is hereby abolished. out. Telegrams in conldential ciphers must be carefully paraphrased before distribution. 5. (a) The distribution to the field of copies of despatches, instructions and notes will be indicated (d) Memoranda of conversations sent to the as heretofore in the Geographic Divisions and the Undersecretary should bear the distribution stamp Office of the Economic Adviser. with distribution suggested whenever advisable. (b) To insure distribution being accomplished, (e) The mechanics of distribution will be han-

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164 On a great tract of 1125 acres in Michi¬ gan, General Motors has reproduced the roads of the world for experimental pur¬ poses. There it has constructed samples of every sort of roadway, grade and curve for tests of speed, endurance, fuel con¬ sumption, hill-climbing, acceleration, cooling, braking and riding qualities. At right: One of the machines used by General Motors for testing springs.

What makes motor car value? 5. Riding comfort

A MOTOR CAR should do more tors involved in comfortable riding than take you where you want to go. and operation. It should take you in comfort, too. In addition, General Motors has So General Motors doubly as¬ built samples of every sort of road sures comfortable riding qualities for purposes of test. in the cars built by its manufactur¬ And the findings of this research ing divisions. and test, passed on to the manufac¬ For example: In its great Re¬ turing divisions, result in the con¬ search Laboratory, scientists are tinuous improvement not only of constantly investigating the prin¬ riding qualities but of many other ciples of spring suspension, tire things which determine motor car pressure, seat angle and other fac¬ value.

Further information regarding General Motors may be had by writing to General Motors Export Company, 224 West 57th Street. New York City. GENERAL MOTORS BUICK CADILLAC CHEVROLET OAKLAND OLDSMOBILE GMC TRUCKS

165 died in A-C/C,* to which office will be routed HOW OTHERS GET THEM finally all papers bearing an indicated distribution. (Foreign Personnel Section please note.) A-C/C will keep a record of papers distributed and of the offices in the field to which they are Readers of the FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL will doubtless be interested in an advertisement ap¬ sent, and will submit, through A-C, a monthly pearing in the Danziger Noueste Nachrichten: report thereon to the Undersecretary. 6. The reading, marking and distribution within CONSULATE the Department of economic journals will be car¬ of an important South-American country to be ried on as a function of the Library. handed out. Only gentlemen from banking, industrial or wholesale merchandising circles, 7. The intelligence work of the Division of well known and in wealthy circumstances need Political and Economic Information (maintaining apply. XYZ Advertising Company. files on political and economic subjects, prepara¬ tion of reports, etc.) will hereafter be carried on A consul in the United Kingdom reports: in the Geographic Divisions and the Office of the Today a most distinguished looking gentleman Economic Adviser. The files and appropriate came in and asked for our directory of abbre¬ personnel will be transferred to these offices. viations for American degrees and titles. It 8. The chief clerk will make arrangements for would really surprise you with all of your ex¬ perience in consular activities how the field has the transfer of personnel and equipment. enlarged since you left your last post. Just think CHARLES E. HUGHES. what opportunities are now offered the American Department of State, manufacture of cross word puzzles to expand March 3, 1925. the market by referring purchasers in case of ♦Assistant Secretary Carr, Commercial office, formerly DC2. difficulties to the American Consul.

Conveniencing the Diplomat and the Consul

11 *%HEN Duty or Pleasure calls the Foreign Service officer to the Nation's capital, the official and social environment and the luxurious comfort at The Shoreham enable him to dwell in his own realm. Liberal Discounts to Diplomatic and Consular Representatives

15th and H Streets, N. W. Washington, D. C.

166 BETTER AND BETTER

Dependable ten years ago, and five years ago, and more dependable than ever to¬ day, Dodge Brothers Motor Car simply represents the latest phase in a process of continual betterment. The first cars Dodge Brothers built estab¬ lished a world-wide reputation. The cars they are building today incorporate the accumulated refinements of those ten intervening years. That important improvements in the comfort and appearance of the car are made from time to time, implies no basic departure from Dodge Brothers traditional policy of pro¬ gress ive rather than seasona/development.

□ □ □ G e BROTHERS

167 ASHURA AT DAMASCUS (Continued, fram page 153) STANDARD OIL CO. OF NEW YORK steps, as in an Arabic folk dance, beating their 26 Broadway New York exposed skulls with sharp swords in time with their movements, cutting deep gashes, from which the blood spurts, soon convert the tops of their heads into a gory mass. Zealous believers crowd around to catch the blood and sprinkle themselves with it. After several hours, solici¬ tous friends strive to prolong the performance by warding off the blows with long poles held over the heads of the performers. The proces¬ sion continues until the devotees become ex¬ hausted from loss of blood. After the procession other ardent religionists strip to the waist and beat their chests with The Mark of Quality their arms until they drop from sheer fatigue. This beating is accompanied by a grunting chant which, in time, seems to produce a kind of self-hypnosis, reminiscent of the Howling Dervishes. Crowds of Shiite worshippers as¬ semble in the courtyard of the shrine to watch Socony and applaud the “beaters.” During the entire ceremony Persian ladies find seclusion in the minaret of a mosque and peep out at proceedings from under their veils. The women and children assist the ceremonies Products with loud shrieks and gruesome moans as their male relatives lacerate themselves. Illuminating Oils THE WRANGELL ISLAND ESKIMOS Lubricating Oils and Greases (Continued from page 152) The Red October was stopped off Cape Gasoline and Motor Spirits North by ice. Little or no progress was being made, and coal was running short. There was Fuel Oil very much thick ice. After some days it cleared enough to permit the ship to proceed to East Cape, Asphaltums, Binders and where drift wood from the village was taken aboard and used for fuel, no coal being obtainable. Road Oils The wreck of a ship was also taken aboard for fuel.' Paraffine Wax and Candles The Russian ship then proceeded to Petro- pavlovsk, Kamchatka, where more coal was taken Lamps, Stoves and Heaters aboard. After leaving Petropavlovsk, another short stop was made at a place called Lighthouse. It reached Vladivostok about the middle of November, 1924. Branch Offices in the Principal Cities of After a sojourn at Vladivostok (where unfor¬ Japan Philippine Islands Turkey tunately one of the young boys died) the party China Straits Settlements Syria was sent to the Chinese frontier post Suifenho Indo-China Netherlands India Bulgaria (Russian: Pogranitchnaya) on the railroad to Siam South Africa Greece Harbin. When they reached Harbin they were India Australasia Jugoslavia relieved by the American Consulate and repatri¬ ated to the United States by the American Red Cross. 168 INVESTMENT SERVICE WHEREVER THE CABLE GOES

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169 DEATH OF HON. JOHN JACOB ROGERS (Continued from page 151) Church at Lowell, although crowded to the doors, was unable to accommodate those who desired to attend, and members of the local divisions of the Massachusetts National Guard were com¬ pelled to reinforce the police in their friendly task of controlling the large crowds The casket which, covered with an American flag, had previously rested in the portico of the church, was carried to the chancel by pallbearers representing each branch of the National Guard and the American Legion, and was followed by the honorary pall¬ bearers and a distinguished group comprising the governor of the state, the mayor of the city, a delegation of members of the House of Repre¬ sentatives, colleagues of Mr. Rogers, and the aforesaid representatives of the State Depart¬ ment. In the unusually beautiful floral display were the three wreaths sent by the Secretary of State, the Undersecretary and Assistant Secre¬ taries of State, and the Foreign Service Asso¬ ciation. The casket was transported to the cemetery for interment on an artillery caisson, attended by a military escort representing the various posts of Leadership the American Legion and divisions of the National Guard, with their colors draped with FAST, visible typewriting began with the introduction of the Underwood Typewriter crepe. All business in the city was suspended; more than a quarter of a century ago. Dur¬ all flags were displayed at half-mast; all street ing this time there have been no changes in the fundamental principles of its construction, car traffic was stopped and the populace, young although certain minor improvements have and old, lined the streets. A particularly touching been made. The Underwood Typewriter still holds the sovereign position in typewriter feature was the singing of hymns by boys and speed, accuracy and durability. It has proved girls from several institutions. its right to this leadership by winning every International Typewriter Contest since its An artillery salvo and taps formed part of the Inception eighteen years ago. short and simple services of commitment and the Commerce pays tribute by acceptance—at the reverential and affectionate attitude of the people dawn of every business day more than two of Lowell was particularly noticeable. million Underwoods go into action. Those members of his family who are stricken UNDERWOOD TYPEWRITER CO., INC. by his death, and those members of the Congress 1413 New York Avenue N. W. of the United States and the Department of State Washington, D. C. who have lost an esteemed colleague, a loyal sup¬ Branches in all Principal Cities porter and a trusted friend, may find consolation in the fact that Mr. Rogers’ integrity of character and his devotion to the interests com¬ UNDERWOOD mitted to his charge received full and affectionate Speeds the Worlds Business recognition by the people among whom he had lived.

170 HISTORICAL ARCHIVES OF THE DEPARTMENT (Continued from page 149) Thomas Jefferson’s draft of the Declaration of Independence, Proceedings of the Continental Congress, and certain papers of Washington, Franklin, Jefferson, Madison, Monroe, and Hamilton. Washington’s sword, Franklin’s staff, and Jackson’s sword have been entrusted to the National Museum, while the Smithsonian Insti¬ tution has been made the guardian of the desk on which Jefferson drafted the Declaration, the eye-glasses Washington gave La Fayette, and the stem of the calumet which Washington smoked with an Indian Chief when he made his surveying expedition for Lord Fairfax in 1748.

INADVERTENT TRADE PROMOTION By STEPHEN E. AGUIERE, Manzanillo An injured seaman come upon the Consulate for relief and medical treatment as a result of a broken leg sustained on board an American steamer bound for New York via the Panama Canal. He was given medical aid. The attend¬ ing physician, an American, claimed that to save the seaman’s leg he must have a solution of chloride of lime and chlorzene, which he suggested be ordered from San Francisco. The order was given by radio from an American ship moored in the harbor at Manzanillo to the purchasing Plus the Honorarium agent of a well-known American steamship line at Through your article in the National Geographic San Francisco, as follows: Magazine, you will gain a desirable introduction to a million well-informed people interested in “Have surgeon S. S. bring thousand foreign affairs and geography. chlorzene tablets and 10 pounds chloride of lime, It comes directly to the notice of the Department for treatment injured American seaman.” of State, whose approval is obtained for all mate¬ Through some error the radio was received by rial offered by Foreign Service representatives. the purchasing agent as follows: In addition to prestige, you enjoy also the satis¬ “Have surgeon S. S. bring thousand factory honorarium which the National Geographic chlorzene tablets and ten thousand pounds Society is glad to pay for meritorious articles and chloride of lime,” etc. photographs in its field. Why not make some of The result was that upon the arrival of the your leisure hours profitable? steamer in question a bill of lading made out to All material accepted is Brochure descriptive of the writer showed that the steamer had 5 tons of paid for promptly at at¬ material desired and chloride of lime for him instead of only 10 tractive rates, and that booklet about The pounds as originally ordered, just 9,990 pounds which is unavailable is Society and Magazine returned promptly by mailed on request. more than was necessary. It is, of course, not insured post. Address, The Editor. necessary to go into detail and explain the alarm and surprise to the writer. The only escape in such a case, according to the way I viewed it, was National Geographic Magazine to turn salesman and dispose of this supply of WASHINGTON, D. C. chloride of lime, which was done, with the aid 171 MEN and motor cars are known by their past records for service. Service is the founda¬ tion upon which the fame of the Hupmobile has been established.

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172 of the agents for the steamship line, and without an American Consul. He had been caught in incurring any losses. eastern Europe just on the borders of a country It was reported among shipping agents at which it was essential he reach, and very naturally Manzanillo that 5 tons of chloride of lime was he did not wish to be interned. The British the most of that particular product that had Consul, if there had ever been one, had gone; so passed through the port in a number of years. in despair he appealed to the American. Probably. . . . “That gentleman shook his head, and my friend was going sorrowfully away when the Consul called him back. “ ‘Hold on,’ said he. He took up a sheet of MORE THAN ONE WAY TO paper with the arms of the great republic blazoned SKIN A CAT large at the top, and he wrote on it that he re¬ gretted very much that, being an American Con¬ A WOMAN TRAVELER AND THE RESOURCEFUL sul, he was entirely unable to help Mr. Smith. CONSUL He signed it with a flourish, stamped it with the

From E. FRENCH, Madrid seal of the Consulate, and handed it over to the forlorn Briton, remarking that he did not think The following amusing little anecdote is related anybody in those parts understood English. by Mary Gaunt, the distinguished and intrepid “The Englishman thanked him warmly and woman traveler, who has penetrated, with only took the hint. And nobody could read English native assistance, into most inaccessible places in in those parts, for he was passed into the land of various parts of the world. his desire on the arms of the United States over In her hints to possible imitators in the a statement that their Consul could do nothing Woman’s Magazine, with regard to introduc¬ for him. tions, she says: “Since then I have always felt, when going “I remember once, just as the war broke out, abroad, that I would like an introduction to an meeting an Englishman who owed his liberty to American Consul.”

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173 WASHINGTON’S VISIT TO there. Mr. Warren desired Major Clarke to BARBADOS shew us the way to his house; Mr- Hackt in¬ (Continued from page 147) sisted on our coming Saturday next to his, some of our things up and ourselves; it’s very being his Day to treat with Beef Stake and pleasantly situated, pretty near the Sea and ab't Tripe; but above all the invitation of Mr. May¬ a mile from Town. The prospect is extensive nard was the most kind and friendly, he in¬ by Land and pleasant by Sea as we command sisted as well as his Lady with him and the prospect of Carlyle Bay and all the shipping promised nothing should be wanting to render in such manner that none can go in or out our stay agreeable. My Brother promis’d he with out being open to our view.” would as soon as he was a Little disengaged from the Drs.” Evidently the Washingtons made a good im¬ pression, for almost every day they dined out Local tradition says that Washington got drunk and attended many other social affairs as well. on one occasion. While it would not be strange One of the entertainments they went to was a if he did, for Barbadians were and are solicitious dinner of the “Beef Stake and Tripe Club,” which hosts, the writer is glad to be able to exonerate was one of the first clubs in the Colony. Here him from this charge. An exhaustive search is Washington’s account of it: among local archives failed to reveal a single bit “Saturday 10th. We were genteely receiv’d of evidence in support of it and under the law by Judge Maynard and Lady and agreeably a man is presumed to be sober, until proved entertain’d by the Company. They have a otherwise. meeting every Saturday, this being Colo. May¬ In the midst of this pleasant life Washington nards. After dinner was the greatest Collec¬ was taken ill with smallpox and was confined to tion of Fruits I have ever seen set on the Table. his room for over three weeks. During his illness, We received invitations from every Gentleman Major Clarke and his family visited him and sup-

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17S plied whatever was needed. The first day he was of the various other Executive Departments and allowed out, he called on the Clarkes to thank agencies of the Government; an expose of a num¬ them for their many kindnesses. Shortly after ber of international questions of peculiar interest Washington’s recovery, his brother decided that such as the League of Nations, reparations, the as his health had not improved in Barbados he Atonroe Doctrine, Pan-American relations, dis¬ would try Bermuda, and it was arranged that armament, the Washington Conference, oil con¬ George should return to Virginia, to bring Mrs. cessions, submarine cables, etc.; and lectures on Lawrence Washington to Bermuda, if the climate foreign trade, including such subjects as exchange, there agreed with her husband. Washington then international banking, shipping and trade routes, told all his new friends good-by and sailed for chambers of commerce, marked analysis, etc. home on December 22, in the good ship Industry. The scope of the new Foreign Service School is The following tribute to Barbadian hospitality an almost unlimited one and, in outlining the work appears in his diary: “Hospitality and genteel of the pupils, the principal difficulty encountered behavior is shown to every Gentleman stranger by the Board is to select judiciously from among by the inhabitants.” The writer can testify that a countless number of subjects those which it will Barbadians are as hospitable now as they were be possible to cover with the greatest benefit to the in Washington’s day. pupils. The pupils come to the School following an examination in which they have demonstrated their general qualifications and a good grounding THE FOREIGN SERVICE in a wide variety of subjects. The purpose of the SCHOOL School is to prepare them more specifically for (Continued from page 146) their immediate work in the field and at the same tions. The general courses contemplated will in¬ time to give them some insight into the work and clude a study of the American Government with problems of the Department and a conception of particular reference to the conduct of foreign re¬ the boundless possibilities for self-improvement lations, the history and organization of the De¬ and useful service which, as few others, their partment of State, and the organization and work newly chosen career offers.

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176 The

CLAmerican Foreign Service

CLAssociation Honorary President FRANK B. KELLOGG Secretary of State

Honorary Vice-Presidents JOSEPH C. GREW Under Secretary of State LELAND HARRISON Assistant Secretary of State J. BUTLER WRIGHT Assistant Secretary of State WILBUR J. CARR Assistant Secretary of State

President Vice-President

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE EVAN E. YOUNG Chairman HUGH R. WILSON Vice-Chairman EDWARD J. NORTON ALLEN W. DULLES ADDISON E. SOUTHARD

H. MERLE COCHRAN Secretary-Treasurer of the Association

JOURNAL STAFF FELIX COLE Editor J. THEODORE MARRINER F. LAMMOT BELIN .Associate Editors WILLIAM W. HEARD EDWIN C. WILSON Business Manager IRVING N. LINNELL ) ...Associate Business Managers THOMAS M. WILSON j

EDWARD L. REED Treasurer of Journal

The American Foreign Service Association is an un¬ official and voluntary association embracing most of the members of The Foreign Service of the United States. It was formed for the purpose of fostering esprit de corps among the members of the Foreign Service, to strengthen service spirit and to establish a center around which might be grouped the united efforts of its members for the improvement of the Service. World-Wide Travel Service Regular, dependable and efficient services to all parts of the world are main¬ tained by United States Government ships. New York and Europe United States Lines’ ships offer an ideal passage for all classes of travel between New York, Cobh (Queenstown), Plymouth, Cherbourg, Southampton and Bremen—ports of call for quick connections to every part of Europe. Typical American comforts and conveniences are provided on all vessels of the Line: S. S. Leviathan S. S. America S. S. Pres. Harding S. S. Republic S. S. Pres. Roosevelt S. S. George Washington New York and South America Regular fortnightly sailings by the four white sister ships of the Pan America Line: S. S. Southern Cross S. S. Pan America S. S. American Legion S. S. Western World These vessels are the finest and fastest between New York, Rio de Janeiro, Santos, Montevideo and Buenos Aires. United States and the Far East Five splendidly appointed Government ships of the American Oriental Mail Line are operated over the Short Route from Seattle via Victoria, B. C., with a sailing every twelve days: S. S. President McKinley S. S. President Grant S. S. President Jefferson S. S. President Jackson S. S. President Madison Five sister ships of the California Orient Line are operated over the famous “Sunshine Belt To The Orient,” sailing fortnightly from San Francisco via Honolulu: S. S. President Taft S. S. President Pierce S. S. President Wilson S. S. President Cleveland S. S. President Lincoln Both these services call at Yokohama, Kobe, Shanghai, Hong Kong and Manila.

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