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The tudeE Magazine: 1883-1957 John R. Dover Memorial Library

1-1-1925 Volume 43, Number 01 (January 1925) James Francis Cooke

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Recommended Citation Cooke, James Francis. "Volume 43, Number 01 (January 1925)." , (1925). https://digitalcommons.gardner-webb.edu/etude/719

This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the John R. Dover Memorial Library at Digital Commons @ Gardner-Webb University. It has been accepted for inclusion in The tudeE Magazine: 1883-1957 by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Gardner-Webb University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. JANUARY 1925

MVS I C ETVWE MAGAZINE

Price 25 cents $2.00 a Year PRESSER’S MUSICAL MAGAZINE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE, $2.00 per year m the United States and Possessions, Argentine, Bolivia, Brazil, Columbia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Re¬ PIANO TEACHING WORKS public, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, EXCELLENT^ PIANO ALBUMS Nicaragua, Paraguay, Republic of Honduras, Spain First Year at the Piano including Balearic Islands, Canary Islands and Pos¬ Program Pieces sessions in North Africa (Ceuta, Mellila and Tan- 33 Piano Solos Price, 75 cents This is the latest edition to the series known By John M. Williams Price, $1.00 as “Reasonably Priced Albums,’ made up from A progressive and modern beginners’ book by REMITTANCES shoul especially large plates and containing a gener¬ a recognized authority on pianoforte pedagogy. ous assortment of' excellent music. The pieces Among its features that will appeal to teachers MONTHLY JOURNAL FOR THE MUSICIAN, THE in this book are between Grades 3 and 5 in point are: the introduction of both clefs from the MUSIC STUDENT, AND ALL MUSIC LOVERS. of difficulty and are particularly J°r beginning, the hands play in the five-finger posi¬ Edited by James Francis Cooke recital or exhibition playing. The. best com tion throughout the first part, the use of little Assistant Editor, Edward Ellsworth Hipsher posers, classic and modern, are represented and rhymes to give the correct idea of phrasing, fishers arefpleased'to extend credit covering a Twelve Vo! JANUARY, 1925 some genuine novelties will be found in the and the placing of phrasing as, the basis of the Months’ subscription beyond expiration of the paid- .e P. 0. a . . mi - «■-1—>inft wishing to i. 16, 1884, list of contents. study of the piano. Every up-to-date teacher _ r_ -iod. Those of our s , 3, 1879. should examine this work. vail themselves of this . of for U. S.f .and Great Brit: M. L. Preston Album of Compo¬ iter will please send a not Tunes for Tiny Tots sitions for Piano By John M. Williams Price, 75 cents Price, $1.00 The piano compositions of M. L. Preston This little work may be used to advantage (Matilee Loeb-Evans) are great favorites with preparatory to any beginners’ book or method, piano players of moderate ability and are fre¬ especially with very young children. The grad¬ The World of Music quently used by teachers for students in the ing is more gradual, the explanations of greater second and third grades. The pieces in this col¬ simplicity than those usually found in beginners’ books. The GRAND STAFF, treble and bass i tlie Cathe- Thirty Guineas ($150) for lection are in various styles, drawing-room ttccini, most popular of < The Fai an “Irish > tional Anthem" has gone beg¬ clef, is introduced at once and the names and drill Ilorian Linz-on-the- pieces, reveries, nocturnes, dances and charac¬ ■ in lian composers of opera, Bruck was long .... ging becausi un work was submitted which values of notes, time, etc., are thoroughly ex¬ hospital it Brussels on November 2.. „axnbe, . . of the judges d imed of suitable quality. teristic pieces and all lie well under the hands. a, June 22, 1858, he became_ organist, Is to be restored Many teachers will use this album for pupils plained. 0 hold the centenary of his led that the Festival Theati s family t 1 Central Powers TV. H. Xeidlinger. the well-known sight-reading material. :ly enlarged and improved, Wm __ ..i the musical 'world of fewlli4J organs of _e not removed and teacher and composer, died suddenly at his Comprehensive Music Writing . lie was educated at the Conservatorio which the “ home in Orange, New Jersey, on the night of USEFUL SONG COLLECTIONS e stage mechanism. ilauo, on a pension from the Queen, o ammunition during the World War December 5. Mr. Neidlinger i Book • Fonchielli. His first triumph was Jo1u, Philip was given ail un- Brooklyn, July 20, 1863. He studied with By Anna H. Hamilton Price, 60 cents ••Iai Boheme,” ill 1806. This was 101- ugnal celebration m ...» recent seventieth Du(Ueyudley I)uckE...... an(....-, c. c_.. --—-Mtlller in New York,- Songs for Girls More aptly named this book couldn’t be. It I hv “La Toscn. in 1900. ami ny anniversary, at Milwaukee. Led by tne id IS. Daniireuthor in London. Returning A COLLECTION OF STUDIO SONGS lama Butterfly,” in 1904. The latter, Marquette University Band, a committee of America, he attained a prominent place is a most comprehensive writing book, a thor¬ , 71 Oxford I ho rh hissed at its premiere, soon won offlcl^ls and business men escorted the a teacher of singing, a choral director and Price, $1.00 ough course in musical notation. It starts at laritv with opera audiences throughout famong March King to the new plant of a composer, his works including two Many teachers having in their charge young uusical world. Of three earlier operas, j0,lrnajt where a huge birthday cake lerns many piano compositions and about the very beginning but goes much further than JK_Jane Lauben- girl students avoid giving them for study or re- |ut” is the only oim nowjome- was presen' ..‘ to hundred songs and choruses. the average writing book. The author is a cele¬ rMPne£ini heiiner. daughter Of the Chief of Police. In A NEW THEORETICAL WORK cital numbers, songs that treat of romance or brated teacher whose works on piano and theory • Puccini the pvening a banquet was held at the of La religion. There are many good songs published are very extensively used by the best teachers. i l, i „Un„, „rchestrntion .. typically... Milwaukee Athletic Club, when the cit Metro- wherein the texts do not treat of these sub¬ t Italian melody, with a distinct'Ct sense ,.pprespntPfi officially by Mayor Hoan ai ...... _. York, has re- Theory and Composition of Music he dramatic. Chief of Police. _ the honor of having a gold medal jects and in this volume the best of them have Album of Scales conferred upon him by the municipality of By Preston Ware Orem Price, $1.25 been included, due attention having been given, STUDY PIECES FOR SPECIAL PURPOSES Prize of Two Tliousu Gustav Holst, the English composer, A manual of refreshingly new and interesting ncs is offered„„„ for „a “Natioi_Anthem" been awarded the Howland Memorial.- P- Milan. This was a tribute to his work in . of course, to selecting songs in which the range Price, 75 cents that section of Syria which for achievement in the fine arts,s, by Yale-T— tpP successful presentation of Bolto's “Nerone material for the study of Advanced Harmony, of the voice part is not too extended for young Includes Beirut and the Lebanon Hills. I'niv-prsitv Thi* is the first time- the--jig prize UL- ^- ov

How do you measure? Your position may be secure—you may be satisfied with the than the recent additions to the size of your class—but are you prepared for bigger things? You can’t afford to stand still. Theo. Presser Co* Song Catalog

MANY LEADING SINGERS AND VOICE TEACHERS This is an age of specialization and the specialist is earning fully double or more the ARE CARING FOR CONCERT, CHURCH AND TEACH¬ ING SONG REQUIREMENTS WITH THESE SONGS- salary of the musicians with only a general knowledge. Opportunities in the music field EVIDENCE OF THE MERIT AND DEPENDABILITY OF are growing very rapidly. Prepare yourself for something better, with one of the courses PRESSER'S NEW SONG OFFERINGS!

listed below. A Superb Sacred Song—Suitable for Concert These New Songs are Ones with and Teaching as well as for Church Use. Which Singers will be Delighted You can use your originality, adapt the lessons of a IN THE GARDEN OF SAHARA “ETERNAL LIGHT’ by A. Buzzi-Peccia Words by CHAS. 0. ROOS Musk by CHAS. WAKEFIELD CACMAN great artist to your teaching and gain independence. English and Italian Words High Voice, Range (! to a Hal -Catalog Ni,. A Few New Fine Sacred Songs to F (opti 19707 .Price, 40o. HIS ALMIGHTY HAND Low Voice, Range b ,t to E flat—Catalog No. 1 Words and Music by BERNARD HAMBLEN igh Voice, Range E to g—Catalog No. 19934, ^ Music by GERTRUDE M. ROHRER Start the New Year Right >w Voice, Ilange c to E flat—Catalog No’. : No. 199.10 .Price, 35c. TO Lightrn of Love,-- In ,reace ami em-eT- LOVE, YOU ARE MY KEEPER MASTER, I WOULD FOLLOW THEE Words by J. MARTVN WALSH Musk by PAUL AMBROSE High Voice, Range E flat to F—Catalog No. Now is the time to take “inventory.” • It’s the time for new resolutions. Degree—you will benefit greatly by these lessons, which are yours for P pandshitse Look back over the year that has just passed. If you are not making the asking. more money than you were a year ago, it’s time for you to make the Many Etude readers are now using our courses with success. The start that will put you ahead when another year passes. If you are con¬ Musk by HOMER GRUNN THE LITTLE BIRD OF LOVE courses are endorsed by the world’s greatest musicians and by thousands Words by FRED G. BOWLES Music by ROBERT COVERLY tent to go on in the same old way instead of standardizing your work, of teachers who have completed them. Don’t take the advice of someone High Voice, Range (1 to g—Catalog No. this announcement will not interest you. If you are ambitious—sincere who hasn’t had the lessons, but let those who have tested them help you LEAD THOU ME ON in your desire to enlarge your class, work for Teacher’s Certificate and to decide. is by MARION ROBERTS Musk by R Hum Voice, Range E flat to E flat- >g No. 19885 . Special Certificates Awarded Our Study in Your Own Home with the Best Here is a New Cadman Number that One of the Latest and Best Songs Graduates to Teach in the Public is a Most Satisfying and Artistic by a Favorite Woman Composer Schools without Examination Teachers in the Country Song REEDS MY GARDEN “ High Voice, Rr Mr. George Clarke, of Wilson, Okla., Two New Humorous writes: The busy music teacher, whose days are filled with lesson hours, can keep “up-to-date” and continue Encore Songs or his own study at home at the same time hd is teaching. The greatest teachers are those who never “Thank you for prompt delivery of Musical Readings cease to be students, and the teacher who devotes all his time to teaching and none to his own advance¬ Diplomas. They have been recognized By ment makes a great mistake. CLAY SMITH by the State University and a life cer¬ tificate issued me. Through them I have The development of the Extension Courses during the past 21 years is ample evidence of the . secured a position with an increase in CUDDLES fact that it is possible for our teachers to establish contact with students all over the country and con¬ salary of $50.00 a month.” duct courses by mail to the satisfaction of the students and to the satisfaction of the State Examin¬ Another graduate writes: ing Board. “I have just been selected as director of For several years we have offered sample lessons as a proof of our work. Send for these les¬ i Od t J3-J~n m ,j~n m-m & J- ■ * the voice departmeht in a Music College sons now by using the coupon below. We will give you full details of our offer to teachers and stu¬ sr j|- as a result of my lessons with you.” f ft f r ft dents. Get the catalog and lessons—then decide for yourself. The lessons are sent to Etude readers (|y* {&-— i ~ i ~ J. v \ : P i ft— A teacher who has had four courses with us without any obligation and special terms are quoted on complete courses. writes: Examination Privileges Vocal Duets “The instruction in your Extension to Voice Teachers Sacred and Secular A Truly Beautiful Neu) Song with a Wide Appeal Courses is the best possible for one to PUBLISHED obtain. The person who knows and can use his knowledge to SUNSHINE TWO KEYS enable him to do as well and just a little better, usually gets UNIVERSITY EXTENSION CONSERVATORY, Dept. C-14 HIGH VOICE ahead—regardless of the method by which he received his Langley Avenue and 41st Street, Chicago, Illinois Words by R. ADAMS GUTHRIE :ange E to g flat information—whether in college or with a book by an open Please send me catalog, four sample lessons and full information regard¬ Music by R. M. KOUNTZ ataiog No. 19947 Catalog No. 19764.Price, 50c. fire-place, or during his spare moments under the written direc¬ ing course I have marked with an X below. THE0. PRESSER CO Music Publishers and Dealers tion of a teacher a thousand miles away. This is my third □Piano, Course for Students SPIRIT DIVINE □Violin □ History of Music Mail Order Supply House year in charge of the Music Department in the Normal School. □Piano, Normal Training .Sacred Duet for Soprano 1 IMandolin □Voice and Tenor Catalog No. 19948 For Everything in Music Course for Teachers Publications I have nothing but praise for your courses, which have been of □Guitar □Public School Music Words by ANDREW REED □Cornet, Amateur Music by MRS. H. H. A. BEACH inestimable value to me in my work.” □Banjo □Harmony □Cornet, Professional Catalog No. 18101... 60c. □Organ (Reed) □Choral Conducting □Ear Training and Sight Singing □Advanced Composition A BALLADE OF JUNE ROSES University Extension Conservatory Duet for Soprano and Alto By HENRY HADLEY LANGLEY AVENUE and 41st STREET Catalog No. 19165.Price, 75c. DEPT. C-14 CHICAGO, ILL. Please mention THE ETUDE wlicn addressing our advertisers. THE ETUDE Page 4 JANUARY 1925 ,

THE v A New Modern Piano Book

Every music lover who enjoys piano composi¬ PERFECT tions of the modern (not ultra-modern) type will find this collection the most remarkable THE ETUDE MODERNIST ever published. JANUARY, 1925 Single Copies 25 Cents VOL. XLII, No. 1 A Simplified Method of we are putting out in our country about $2,000,000 worth of It is perfectly safe to Station E. T. U. D. E. Harmony Without Rules pianos a week. This indicates that the figure often quoted say that no such won¬ In the most approved American slanguage your editor is by The Etude in estimating the American daily expenditure “Up in the Air.” In other words, he has actually owned a BY derful array of modern radio set for some time and has already done the customary for music as about $2,000,000, is probably a little low. piano compositions has fussing with it, together with a great deal of thinking If the radio were considered a musical instrument (and the Frank Patterson ever before been assem¬ about the radio in its connection with the future of music in chief interest in the radio is the musical progress heard over it) bled under one cover, the $2,000,000 figure might easily be doubled. Music has be¬ ^_r America. and that no one of It came about in this way. The editor stopped in at a come one of the foremost industries of the new world. This book does away with rules these pieces has appeared little radio shop and the anxious dealer turned a few knobs. Mexico and Australia are our biggest export customers in other collections. In The first thing the editor heard was one of his own songs for pianos, but, according to the Music Industries Chamber of Commerce, most of our' American-made pianos are purchased and offers in their stead a series of looking over the index coming out of the great ether. The next thing he knew was at home, since the total number of all pianos expoi’ted is 799 printed below, be sure to that he had bought the set. basic principles which, being funda¬ (value $253,644). note the number of pieces Then he proceeded to get a very bad radio cold—a disease not yet recognized in standard works on pathology. That is, by contemporaneous com¬ mental, cover fully and completely he found that distant stations “came in” about the usual time Is the Day of Thumping Past ? posers which have a to retire. Divesting himself of his coat and vest, he would get The Chevalier Antoine de Kontski, a Polish pupil of every problem by which the peculiar interest at the Pittsburgh; minus the collar and necktie, he would reach Cinci- John Field, lived to the age of eighty-two and spent most of present time. There are natti; sans shoes, he would listen in on Detroit; but by the his life as a touring pianist. He was a virtuoso possessed of harmonist may be confronted. 34 compositions—all of time he reached Davenport, Iowa, he was frozen to the marrow an exquisite delicacy of touch and really good taste. But the unusual beauty. and spent the next week barking and sniffling. public would have none of this. It wanted to hear the piano ALL art is governed, of course, by individual taste, and in nearly all earlier Meanwhile came the surprise that under proper conditions roar and, consequently, de Kontski made it roar. To this end methods of harmony efforts were made to guide and control this individ¬ music was transmitted quite marvelously over the radio. What¬ uality by submerging it beneath the weight of tradition and authority. he wrote a very mediocre parlor piece called “Le Reveil du This is the Complete Composer Index What the classic masters did was “right”; what they did not do was ever may be the improvements in reception and transmission in Lion.” Nightly de Kontski waked the lion from its slumbers. “wrong”—and the advance of every generation beyond the last was looked Albenis, I.Cadiz (from Spanish Suite) the future, it is already a fact that apparatus is procurable at His public applauded and furnished him with bread and butter. upon with suspicion and distrust as iconoclastic and savoring of disrespect Arensky, A.Ne m’oubliez pas (Forget-me-not) a reasonable price which is almost “fool proof,” very durable towards this authority. Furthermore, the very fact of the existence of Nowadays no pianist of standing could “get away” with this authority—authority not founded upon some natural laws, but merely Barmotinc, S.Norwegian Scene, Op. 6, No. 2 and designed to convey the best music almost as though one were such nonsense in any centers of culture. In fact, the day of upon the procedure of a few great masters—was a source of constant Blumenfeld, F.Prelude, Op. 12. No. 2 in the same room with the performers. piano pounding seems to have gone. Gott sei gedankt! It temptation to students, who, perversely, were prone to do just what the Brahms, Jolt.Intermezzo, Op. 117, No. 1 authorities did not permit, because the teacher was never able to give This radio age has come with such a rush that everyone is would have passed long ago if John Sebastian Bach’s son Catoirc, G...Prelude, Op. 17, No. 2 any real, definite reason, except authority, why they should not. And dumbfounded, except the small boy expert who can explain Cliaminade, C.Piece Romantique, Op. 9, No. 1 Friedemann had had his wTay. Read what he says about the it is perfectly evident that some of the modernists have been animated by everything. Its value to music, like the talking machine, is too the same sort of perversity. Debussy, C.Ballade proper way in which to perform his father’s Concerto in D great to even estimate. minor: # Nothing, therefore, In this book is based upon that sort of authority— Dcvcrcaux, A.Londonderry Air (Transcription) Dvorak, A.Largo (New World Symphony) Both the talking machine and the radio have their own “Thumping and loudness is not the true interpretation of Everything in this book is based upon the solid founda¬ Fibicli, Z.Poeme, Op. 41, No. 4 fields. Possibly if the radio had been invented first and the this work; for it must be remembered that the composer was tion of basic principles. It offers suggestions for the Flocrshchn, 0.Elevation talking machine last, the talking machine would seem even more a true poet as much as a great contrapuntist. He wanted guidance of taste, not based upon the taste of some other Franck, C..Danse Lente marvelous to us now. Both are necessary adjuncts to the mod¬ the instrument to sing and not to groan in the hands of the composer or composers, but upon the fundamental prin¬ Granados, E.Spanish Dance ciples which underlie all music. ern musical home. The talking machine has great educational player.” _ Grctchaninow, A...Caresses, Op. 61, No. 3 value because when one buys a record he has a permanent The statements made admit of no exception, because natural laws are Grieg, Ed....Puck, Op. 71, No. 3 masterpiece that he may hear when he chooses and as many Is Jazz the Pilot of Disaster ? rigid and unchangeable. Kopylozv, A.Reve d’Enfant times as he chooses, even long after the composer and the The sociological significance of music at this time, when Liadow, A...A Music Box Op. 32 It niakes no great tax on the memory artist are dead. This is truly a marvelous thing. The editor MacDowell, Ed.Poeme, Op. 31, No. 3 regarded from certain aspects, is horrific. The kind of music has employed a talking machine in his home for years and would because it does not tabulate the progressions and resolutions that have Massenet, J.Entr’acte-Berceuse employed most by the general body of mankind must have a been invented generation after generation until their number is so great Merowitsch, A.Spring, Op. 8, No. 1 not know what to do without it. It has become as staple as the powerful influence upon our whole welfare. We have gone that no human mind could ever hope to know them all. Moussorgsky, M.Un Larme kitchen stove. There is hardly any better fun than playing, let through an orgy of Jazz, a satumalian musical revel such as It offers no restrictions to the number of combinations Palmgren, S.Les Adieux (Farewell) us say, the Schubert Unfinished Symphony as recorded by a the world has never known. The Etude has given extensive of notes, chords and dissonances Posca, G.By the Ocean (Am Strande) great orchestra and following it over and over with an orches¬ and we hope, entirely fair, consideration of the problem. The except public taste as it is today. Rachmaninoff, S.Melodie tral score. vote of our readers upon this subject is presented later in this Rimsky-Korsakozv.Chanson Arabe (Sheherazade) Then radio, on the other hand, unlocks the doors of space. editorial. We conducted this discussion because we recognized It offers a guide even to the music of the future Schiitt, Ed.Dreaming Pierrot, Op. 48, No. 5 The wonder of sound is the marvelous rapidity with which it in Jazz a general kind of danger in some ways too big to Sibelius, J.Impromptu, Op. 5, No. 2 as to the direction of its advance, sim usic must be just as subject travels. Thus we get, in a few seconds, music from distant measure with words. We realize all the delight of sprightly, to basic principles as any in the past o Skabo, S.L..Prelude, Op. 17, No. 2 points that would take days to reach in the fastest auto¬ Skabo, S. L.Legende, Op. 16, No. 1 inspiriting rhythms, of fresh tone colors, introduced by Jazz The book has intentionally been made mobiles. Mr. Victor Saudek, of Station K. D. K. A., has an things, the student must be made to und tand'th*? hpossible’ beca,U! anything Stojowski, S.Melodie, Op. 1, No. 1 instruments. On*the other hand, we know' that on thousands of practical about composition by learning w excellent article in this issue. There is as yet no Station ; muscles by reading a book on physi Strauss, R.By the Spring, Op. 9, No. 2 dance floors all over America tonight, any one who cares to culture! The bigger the book, the gmore ysical ;actly Ssaht, P...Intermezzo, Op. 3 E. T. U. D. E., but we want our radio friends to know that we investigate will witness in public dances of the most wanton iciples c are with them in their delights and distresses. n the p; t of the st Tschaikowsky, P.Trepak (Russian Dance) character, dances that would have been suppressed in a low burlesque show only a few years ago. These things are in¬ PRICE, 75c More Pianos Being Manufactured spired by Jazz and maintained by Jazz. Remove the music and For Sale at all Modern Music Stores The automobile industry is not the only thing indicating they could not exist. Yet the whole land from coast to coast is INTRODUCTORY PRICE—POSTPAID, 75c (Not Sold in Canada) r Cash With Order—This Offer expires April 1st, 1925 an enormous expansion. In 1923 (according to the report of still in the throes of this form of musical epilepsy. If you X jT the Department of Commerce) there were pianos to the value of doubt this, “listen in” on the radio any night. $111,144,808 manufactured in the United States, or 51 per Tap America anywhere in the air and nine times out of THE JOHN CHURCH COMPANY cent, over the quantity manufactured in 1921. In other words, ten Jazz will burst forth. A great deal of this may, of course, CINCINNATI—109 W. 4th St. 318-320 W. 46th St.-NEW YORK THE MUM1L PUBLISHING CO. The House Devoted to the Progress of American Music 207-217 West 25th St, New York City JANUARY 1925 Page 7 THE ETUDE

... , However the original and interesting Errors That Young Pianists Make be a background of entirely innocent fun. It may bring great Te Victor Herbert “Serenade Suite” By the Famous Russian Piano Virtuoso and enlivening stimulation to hard workers who need just that (» iUen for The Wliitem.n Orchestra) and many s.m.lar MARK HAMBOURG thing. On the other hand, we know that in its sinister aspects, bers played by the unique orchestral groups which record for .Jazz is doing a vast amount of harm to young minds and the talking machine companies, rise so far above w a is no bodies not yet developed to resist evil temptations. This is This article is the third in the current series written by Mr. Hambourg for "The Etude". TheolherscppeuredinOctoberandNovember. as “Jazz” that they do not deserve to be classed m the same no mere editorial bias. Fortune has cast us into deep life category. They represent a new note in the American music and Beethoven before attempting Chopin and Liszt, be¬ channels and we have come to regard these problems in their It is sometimes useful to comment upon the most Many strange and garbled performances are given too by pupils, through neglect of searching for the best fin¬ cause in the simple clear technical passages of the older relation to the cosmic scheme of things. We know that good ordinary faults to be found in young pianoforte students masters the progress of the young student can more as they occur to one who is constantly being asked to gering, especially in awkward places. Fingering is music, allied with good morals and ethics, has an edifying and No Good for Anything But-! enormously important on the piano. If correctly applied, easily be noticed and his progress in scale playing and purifying value to the state, particularly when inculcated in listen to their playing. I shall, therefore, enumerate finger technic better be displayed. This letter arrived on the editor’s desk this morning: some of the most salient errors which I am continually it not only imparts agility but also improves the quality the minds of children by some such plan as “The Golden Hour,” of the tone. It is one of the commonest errors of the “My employer insists that a musician is no good meeting with in the performances of the students who Better Play One Piece Well Than One Hundred Poorly young to get all tied up into inextricable positions on which we have promoted persistently for many years. come and play to me. for anything but music. Will you please give me the keyboard, through lack of study of the easiest and It is the idea of most pupils to learn as many pieces It' is a source of great and deep gratification to wit¬ First of all, I would mention their habit of playing as possible, not caring very much whether they play your opinion on this matter?” much too difficult pieces for their technical capacity, most obvious fingers to use in certain passages. ness Collier’s Weekly and other magazines inaugurating at¬ them with exactitude, as long as they are able to show The writer has appealed to the wrong oracle, because the which fault generally ends in the humiliation of the per¬ tempts to reach this goal. It is now being widely recognized as Exaggerated Movements a smattering of all sorts and kinds of music. This, too, editor is proud to point to two decades of service as a Profes¬ former. Many teachers give their pupils such pieces is bad, for it should be the great aim of the learner to the most serious of our national aims. What our children are Another most irritating fault is tremendously exag¬ sional musician and as a teacher before becoming editor of this to study as are only possible of proper performance by gerated. movements with the arms while playing. And give a perfect performance of one piece, rather than to-day, that will be the America of to-morrow. Nurse them a master, and allow them to play these without sufficient periodical. He may be prejudiced. He may have his opinion not only the arms, sometimes the head, the shoulders, slap-dash through a whole repertoire. To be able to solely upon the inebriated rhythms of Jazz and what may preparation. Then the pupil gets into the bad habit of the whole body are distorted to help the student express play one work almost to perfection will advance the so warped that he cannot see fairly and squarely the attitude breaking down; slurring over difficult passages, and gen¬ we expect for our future? all his emotions and his difficulties. But, does it help? student more and he will learn further from the effort of the employer mentioned. erally deteriorating his technical powers in vain efforts at complete mastery than any amount of superficial How seriously this problem is regarded by scientists may God forbid! It only dissipates the energy which should Wc think that we realize very clearly what the employer against odds too great for him. This very pernicious be concentrated on the wrists and fingers, and on the knowledge of much music will give him. I am, of course be seen in the following statement made to the New York Times meant. There is a certain type of emotionalized youth who i> fault mostly arises from over-ambition on the student’s manipulation of the keyboard, to expend it in gestures speaking purely from the point of view of learning to part and cannot always be blamed to the teacher. The by the eminent Professor of Neuropathology at the New York none too fond of what the world calls work. He is not like the which have nothing to do with pianoforte playing. This play the piano well. Naturally it is a good thing for student wishes to shine in some well-known masterpiece Post Graduate Hospital, Dr. M. P. Schlapp, who is also the old tar who went to-the ship’s surgeon and said, “Doctor, I is not to say that all exuberance and show of pleasure the general musical education of the student to be de¬ of great difficulty and persuades his professor until he should be debarred from performance, but that is a veloped as widely as possible, by getting to know all Chairman of the Medical Board of the New York Children’s don’t know what’s the matter with me. I eats well, and I sleeps allows him ‘to learn it against his better judgment. Any¬ kinds of music. But from the standpoint of perform¬ Courts—a court which is constantly confronted by thousands different matter from throwing oneself about and mak¬ well, and I feels well; but as soon as I see a job of work I m how, these cases of premature ambition almost always ing faces as though in extremes of pain, like many ance, perfection in one piece is the most important and of cases resulting in part from the condition wc have described. defeat their own object and, by causing over-strain, ail of a tremble.” young players do! hardest thing to attain, and should be striven for most over-anxiety, nervousness, prevent the student from Dr. Schlapp says: Oh, no—this youth likes to work and he works enormously I have not yet mentioned the worst of all faults and earnestly. doing himself justice at all or making advancement. “We are headed for a smash in this country, if we keep on at anything that entertains him. Unfortunately he is so ab¬ the commonest, namely, too much pedalling. Oh, you I also find that too often the learner is so completely poor “Soul of the Piano”! How you are abused! Dis¬ wrapped up in his own work that he takes little interest the way we arc going. There is a curve in the emotional stabil¬ sorbed in being entertained by his work that he soon gets the Learning Pieces Too Quickly sonant harmonies slur into each other, heavy murky in, and neglects to go and listen to good concerts. This ity of every people which is an index of their growth and power The next error I have noticed is that of learning idea that he can do nothing else. chords and passages dim the musical atmosphere, unclean is very much to be deplored, as he can gather so much pieces much too quickly. Music for performance should as a nation. On the upswing the nation expands and prospers Explain to such a lad that, if he desires to succeed in tone pervades, all through your agency! Therefore, to his profit from hearing others play. The education of be learned slowly, dividing it into sections of from eight and gains in power with the normal development of emotional students, do, I beseech you, keep your right foot with hearing first-class concerts is a very necessary part of more practical things he must work just as hard upon them to sixteen measures at a time, thoroughly digesting thesfe ■ mercy off that alluring forte pedal which helps you to the student’s development. life. Then comes a time when emotional instability sets in. as he does upon his art, and he refuses to understand and be¬ before proceeding farther, and not dashing through the dpown your difficulties in bad places, but which can so As fast as I write, there come constantly to my mind When it reaches a certain point there is a collapse. We have comes defiant. He lives in a land of phantasy and dreams. whole piece in a slipshod fashion. Often I have found spoil all you do! Study its effects, and its applications more and more of the faults which are general amongst almost reached that point. This emotional instability causes that, when asked to repeat some measures of the piece He becomes childish in his view of humanity and useless in with the greatest care and precision, that it may be really young students. It is quite depressing to think of how they have been playing, students are quite incapable of crime, feeble-mindedness, insanity. Criminal conduct is a path¬ almost any rational enterprise. But do not. blame music or a source of strength and sweetness to you, instead of many there are; yet, if these did not exist everyone starting anywhere in the middle of the music; they can ological matter, just as are these other disorders. the worst of weaknesses. would be a master at once and would scarcely need to art for him. Pie is really a case for the psychopathic specialist. only start all over again at the beginning, or at an learn! The next thing that occurs to me is the bad “Our emotional instability is the product of immigration, There is no reason why a normal person with great life obvious double bar repeat. This is because they do not Listening habit of adding chords to octaves in the bass part, so as automobiles, jazz and the movies. Foreigners who have come ideals cannot study music, become a musician, and at. the same really know their music inside-out, they have learned In connection with the pedal, I must notice the small to amplify the tone and make more volume. It is a to America have left a peaceful, orderly life without any par¬ time succeed splendidly in a business career. We know literally it only superficially. If one really knows a piece well amount of care and attention given by most students to enough to play it before people, one should be able to very reprehensible practice however, as it overloads the ticular emotional shock and have been plunged into a nervous hundreds of men, to whom music means as much as business, quality of sound and fine tone production. They do not symmetry of the harmonies and produces heaviness of begin playing it at any bar in any part of the music. seem to listen enough to what they do. As long as the maelstrom. A mere uprooting of their former lives is enough who have become famous. Music seems to stimulate the right atmosphere. Then, also, neglecting to bring out bass I consider this a most important point in pianistic educa- notes are correctly played, so many pupils seem to think to cause considerable emotional disturbance, but this is height¬ kind of a business mind. To some men it is like champagne. accompaniments which are necessary as a foundation to of nothing else. Yet this is where real playing only begins. support the melody, and vice versa, the fault of produc¬ ened by the enormous increase in the nervous stimulation and It builds up enthusiasm, develops nervous energy, enkindles Serious students, as a rule, also do not give their atten¬ The notes must be properly learned first of all, in order ing a too heavy elephantine bass which swamps the right shock of American life. It is bad enough for Americans, but tion nearly enough to playing before people. They study, to begin to study how to play the music by adding beauti¬ ambition and increases the business man’s output. Indeed, hand's part, these also are very tedious and common study, study, and practice, practice, practice, by them¬ ful tone and color of sound. far worse for those who have not grown used to it. The tre¬ with some of the most active business minds of the country, faults. So is the one of playing chords .with one hand selves, or for their own teacher, and find they arc get¬ And rhythm, the sauce of every interpretation, what mendous growth of pleasure automobiles and moving pictures music has been indispensable. Else why have so many granite- always attacking slightly after the other. Students do ting on beautifully; and when at last they have once to flabbiness, what lack of outline where it is absent! Great in this country compared with others and the phenomenal sweep this who suffer from an excess of pleasure and emotion minded merchants seen fit to give millions and millions for the play to a larger audience, the demon of “nerves” takes attention must be given to it; no note must be held while playing; and, in their enthusiasm to get everything of Jazz across the country have drained off far more nervous cultivation of music? possession of them, and they go all to pieces. Of course, longer than its true value; every bar must be made to they can express into the music, their intensity makes vitality from our people than from those of .other countries We know of the many instances of musicians who have some people undoubtedly possess more temperament for feel the rhythm’s pulsating beat. them drag one hand after the other. The danger of this playing before an audience than others. But there is- Scarcely a student that I ever heard gave nearly without putting anything in the way of energy into the reser¬ switched from the professional field to business and are now very amateurish error is that it becomes so quickly a a large element of habit in it, and the student who ac¬ enough attention to scale playing. After all, most of voir of our national strength.” holding some of the highest business positions in the country— habit and is very difficult to break away from. For the quires this habit as soon as possible, from constant play¬ the running passages in piano music are but elabora¬ ear of the player gets so accustomed, after long indul¬ Perhaps this is the explanation of America’s enormous crime possibly far more lucrative and important parts than the ing to people, gains a confidence and a mastery of his tions of scales, yet many times someone will come and gence, to it that lie ends by being unable to detect the rate at present. Perhaps this reveals why our murder rate is employer who sponsored the statement which heads this means of expression which cannot be too highly valued. play a Ballade of Chopin with pride; but ask him to annoying want of simultancousness in the striking of his twice that of Italy and seven times that of England. What editorial. —---- Very often students fall into terrible errors and diffi¬ play a simple scale, and behold, he cannot begin to! culties through their own initial fault of not bothering Therefore it is better to learn the early works of Bach two hands. will it be in 193.5 unless it is stopped now at the source, in child¬ Inane Encores to choose the very best available teacher to start with. hood ? With many people the encore becomes a habit. We re¬ This is such a very essential point, for bad teaching can Dry, Hard Tone As a result of The Etude’s “Jazz” issue of last August, peatedly hear performers encored, when they have not done do irremediable harm even to the most talented. I have still two more faults in my mind. One being wc have received a large number of opinions upon the subject especially well, and largely because it is the custom to encore. the dry hard tone that is often forthcoming in staccato Listen to What the Teacher Says passages, the fingers performing an action like pecking from our readers. Some wrote excellent little articles but wc This is no prop to art. The abuse became so great that most Another thing I have noticed. with students is that, at the keyboard, accurate and correct maybe, but ex¬ think that the subject has been sufficiently aired in The Etude of the great orchestras refuse to permit encores. In London, while having their lesson, they are so anxious to keep tremely uninteresting to listen to. and so many excellent articles were presented that it would be Dame Clara Butt recently sang at an orchestral concert in on playing that they do not really listen to what the The other fault is keeping the hands glued to the almost unfair to publish only one. The result showed that Albert Hall. Her reception was as customary, and then the teacher is saying, or merely listen perfunctorily, while piano, not lifting them off enough, which lifting gives about twenty-five per cent, were in favor of the “better kind of encore hogs got to work. After the fifth encore, a self-reliant only longing to play over again, the passage which is being corrected. I have often heard a pupil, after having so much freedom, lightness, grace, and helps suppleness Jazz,” while seventy-five per cent, were emphatically opposed Britisher rose in the gallery and shouted, “I came here to hear been stopped by the teacher and told he was playing of technic. The raising of the hands from the key¬ to Jazz. the orchestra.” The Scottish Musical Magazine rightly com¬ wrongly, just repeat the whole of the music in exactly board at certain places is to the pianist what the taking ments, “No singer has a right to take five encores.” We One reader drew this picture. On one side was a desolate the same way as he did before, having not really taken of a new breath is to the singer. It gives renewed old back yard, filled with rubbish, tin cans and weeds, repre¬ should think that no audience has a right to demand them. in at all what was said to him in criticism. He was so life to everything, and strength to continue. And on the senting Jazz, with a beautiful sunflower growing out of the intent on playing as much as possible that lie had not piano it is so easy to lift the hands at times, as the pedal London, New York, Paris, Chicago, Berlin, Boston, heap representing “the better kind of Jazz.” On the other side apprehended at all what the teacher wanted. There¬ is there to hold on notes to their full value, and give Rome, Philadelphia, Melbourne, San Francisco and other was a glorious garden representing good music, beautiful fore, students, do not during your lessons commit the respite for the relaxation of the tension by the brief great music centres of the world, will be represented in music. stupid error of trying to play all the time, or to quickly removal of hands. Many young students play with their “The Etude” for 1925, by many of their greatest musical fingers, wrists, hands, arms, everything, stuck to the key¬ We must admit that, the comparison was a powerful and authorities. repeat a corrected passage! But listen quietly and at¬ tentively to the advice of your professor, and think it board, afraid to release their position for one moment, over well before trying to repeat the music according to especially in difficult passages, thereby making every¬ his directions. MARK HAMBOURG thing look and sound labored and stiff. THE ETUDE JANUARY 1925 Page 9 Page 8 JANUARY 1925 THE ETUDE The Finger Elastic Touch I will end my category of faults which beset the pupil The Playing Class by giving an instance of how necessary it is not to lose By Olga C. Moore The So-Called “Soft” Pedal presence of mind in the nervousness which devours the By Patricia Rayburn novice in public. A very young pianist was making his There are times when a pianist’s fingers feel as “stiff By SIDNEY SILBER debut at an important concert and dashed on to the plat¬ as clothes-pins.” In young students, it may be the lack form when his turn came, feeling as though his brain Each music student should have three to five, or even of sufficient practice of the right kind; in advanced Dean of the Sherwood. School of Music had temporarily left him for a voyage to the stars! more, selections ready to play in good form at all times. players, it may be because “out of practice. When he sat down to the piano, he found that the chair The child, however, cannot be expected to keep these One of my pupils is a stenographer, who complains more particularly, a change in tone quality (timbre). A common experience in music-making is the effect of was placed too far away from the instrument for him One of the outstanding indications of amateurishness in good shape solely by his own efforts; and the wise of this stiffness. Now we know there is a vast differ¬ This results in the following interesting manner. When surprise caused by an unexpected harmony or modulation. to reach the keyboard in comfort. For a moment he teacher will make provision for such work other than among large numbers of teachers and pupils is their ence between “playing” on a typewriter all day and the hammers are in their normal position, they strike The following excerpt, is one. of many examples of; a looked absolutely non-plussed, miserable,—then suddenly the mere instructions to review now and then. This is attitude and use (rather, abuse) of the so-called “soft” playing on a piano. So when a stenographer takes a the strings with portions of the felt which have become similar nature. he began seizing the piano and straining every muscle to best done by holding, about every two weeks, a "playing or “una corda” pedal. While the latter term still per¬ piano lesson in the evening, after operating a typewriter indented and: thus hardened. The tone quality is then Schumann, Fantasia, Op. 17 bring it towards him, instead of simply pushing his chair class.” sists among composers and publishers, we shall presently all day, it is easy to see which “touch”, predominates. bright, brilliant and clear. When the hammers are nearer the instrument. He was so flustered he no longer This need not be advertised individually, but mention see that the former is based upon an utter misconcep¬ shifted, the soft, or ■ relatively less used portions of the knew what he was doing. The audience began to laugh: For this peculiar “musical rheumatism” I have pre¬ tion. Probably, it was called the “soft” pedal in con¬ should be made of it in your regular cards and adver¬ felt strike the strings, resulting, first of all, in a smaller they enjoyed the unusual tussle between the piano and scribed the finger elastic touch. One may practice tradistinction to the so-called “loud” pedal, which latter tising matter something after this manner: “The second tone, and then in a darker, drier quality. Lastly, a the player. The piano won! It was inexorable, it re¬ merely a five-finger exercise or the scales with this should have been, and still should be called the “damper” and fourth Thursdays of each month, at 4 P. M., Play¬ very interesting phenomenon, most characteristic of piano fused to budge. The pianist retired defeated, humiliated, ing Classes. The pupils, their parents and any others touch. It is made by setting the hand in rounded posi¬ pedal. to seek for his lost presence of mind. tion lightly on top of the keys. While balancing the Mechanisms of Upright and Grand Pianos Compared— sound, takes place, known by the scientific term sym¬ interested may be present.” pathetic vibration. In other words, those strings which hand, extend one finger above the key as straight as the Upright Piano The affair is very informal. A child may be stopped, are not struck nevertheless vibrate sympathetically with A “Limbering-Up Exercise” corrected, or made to play the number several times in possible. Now “spank” the key with the flat tip of the In the standard upright pianos of today, the mechan¬ finger in a quick, crisp, decisive stroke that draws half those set in vibration through the hammer stroke. The order to secure a desired result. ism of this pedal (which is the extreme left lever) is result iis an altogether piquant, tender, veiled and harp¬ By Izane Peck If your pupils can do this good-naturedly and with¬ the finger underneath, pressing the flat tip of finger simple enough. Its use effects a slight forward thrust like sound. out venom—for any good effects will be obliterated against the palm. At the same time that you draw under of all the hammers, thus lessening the momentum with Functions of the Shift Pedal Fingers will get stiff—from many causes. Even those otherwise—ask them to criticize constructively the per¬ the finger making the stroke, the entire hand springs up which they strike the strings. Added to this, the key¬ customarily very flexible will have their days when they formance of their fellow pupil. Children and young from the keys and all the fingers are contracted tightly board is slightly depressed, thus lessening the “dip” of While this pedal does not lend itself to the almost in¬ need a “lubricant.” people in general are keen observers, and valuable sug¬ against the palm. the keys—another means of decreasing the force of the finite number of effects of the Damper Pedal, it is, Here is my one “best exercise.” It will not eliminate gestions will ofteh be made. Do not make a fist, but keep the back of your hand hammers. Inasmuch as there is thus a resulting diminu¬ nevertheless, a most valuable adjunct in the production all awkwardness by magic, but will produce a marked In this manner each child will be able to retain a flat up to the middle joints of the fingers; Kcwise tion of sound produced, I take it that the term “soft” of “color” and “atmosphere.” As will be seen in the limbering up of unruly fingers. The exercise is a simple good repertoire in good condition, so that, whenever he the thumb, which must be struck on the side of the tip, came into vogue since by far the largest number of following illustrations, it is mostly used in conjunction sh\fl pedal one, consisting of the first five notes of all major keys is called upon to play, he can respond immediately and not flat. Hold the contracted position in the air above teachers and students use the upright piano in their with the Damper Pedal, though novel effects are often It is frequently advisable to subdue the effect of har¬ taken chromatically—scale of C, of Db, of D, of Eb and make a credible showing. the keys for two counts. Suddenly relax the lingers daily teaching and practice. produced without the same. Students should resist at monic figurations of an accompaniment to a single so on. The original exercise was given me by Mr. John and hand with a little shake and set lightly on top of all times the temptation to make it a substitute for piano melody tone, which stands out more boldly in relief if The Grand Piano Hattstaedt of The American Conservatory. I use it with the keys again in rounded position ready for the next and pianissimo touches. The words “ tre corde” mean¬ the Shift Pedal is immediately taken after it has been Touch and Hearing ing three strings, or “tutte corde”' (all strings) indicate some adaptations as follows: finger stroke. Do not hold dozen the keys; merely In the grand piano, on the other hand, the mechanism sounded, as in the following: • is -radically and vitally different. The keyboard is the release of the Shift Pedal. Ex. 1 balance the hand on top of keys while lifting the one Chopin, Etude Op. 25 shifted to the right (in a few makes it is shifted in By E. Constance Ward finger that is to make the stroke. Repeated Periods or Short Sections Do tlxis kind of practicing only very slowly, for it is the opposite direction) while the key-dip and the striking The most common use of the Shift Pedal is illus¬ dreadfully tiring to the joints of those who arc not distance of the hammers remains undisturbed. The Do you ever consider what a strong sympathy exists trated in the repetitions of short sections of eight or rift*! ^ accustomed to it. This touch is very beneficial, if one German term “Verschiebung” (meaning Shift Pedal) between the senses of touch and hearing, but at the is here very apt and descriptive. sixteen measure periods. An abundance of these will same time how their development in conjunction with will take it seriously enough to be willing to try it be found in the shorter pieces by Schumann, Scenes out for a few minutes before each day’s practice. Let us now inquire into the influence on sound pro¬ -f--f- each other is often to a great extent neglected? To a duction which this pedal exerts in the grand piano. At from Childhood, Fantasy Pieces, the Songs Without musician the sense of hearing is of paramount import¬ When a difficult running passage occurs in a piece or Words by Mendelssohn, and others. It is the most Each group of five notes, in all the keys, should be the very outset, bear in mind that The Shift Pedal is ance ; still, in spite of that, how greatly we rely on the study, try playing the notes very slowly with this finger natural thing in repeating such short periods tc play »*!// pedal *fo,de pedal given this rhythmic treatment. the only mechanical contrivance for altering the tone sense of sight to guide our fingers and hands during elastic touch, and immediately after play the same pas¬ them more softly than when first announced. While High finger action brings the best results. Also try quality (timbre) of sounds produced. In making this Echo and Harp Effects our practice as musical executants. sage with a slow, heavy, clinging, legato touch. You this illustration covers a very large range of playing, it for equality of touch. After the exercise can be played interesting inquiry, it is first necessary to examine the Supposing your sense of sight were suddenly to be lost, are able to play a much more overlapping legato after¬ does not by any means cover all of this particular The Shift Pedal lends itself most admirably in the slowly1 with ease, attempt it with your eyes closed. When piano from the standpoint of One, Two, and Three- would you be able to continue playing your usual favor¬ ward by practicing the finger staccato first. Not the type. Any hard-and-fast rule would soon become production of entrancing echo and harp effects. It is you can do that without a mistake you will have added String Registers. ite works? To some extent, probably you might do so; careless finger staccato, but the finger staccato that stereotyped and result in conventional, if not artificial well to bear in mind that in such effects the touch must a bit of key measuring knowledge to your finger agility. While a comparison of various sizes of grand pianos, but soon hesitation would come to the fingers, they exercises the joints of the fingers, namely the finger playing. For example, it is probable that a repetition be appreciably altered as regards pressure and weight This exercise is especially good for the weak fourth from the Baby (Miniature) Grand to the Concert Grand, would miss their guiding friend, the eye, to tell them elastic touch. of a short period might prove very interesting and musi¬ exertion. In these procedures the ear and the player's in¬ fingers. reveals minor differences, it is well to note that there nate aesthetic sense are the sole guides and superinten¬ the exact spot where they must be placed. are in all sizes three distinct string registers. These cally justified, by a change of the dynamics or even dents. Now, as an experiment, try a little diversion during Scale Practice will follow rather closely the plan: Counting from the of the tempo. Repose in Teaching the practice time. Out of one hour devote two periods lowest bass key—one string for the first eight keys; Repeated Short Phrases Debussy Nocturne of five minutes to playing with the eyes closed. Com¬ By S. M. N. two strings for the next fourteen keys, three strings What is true of the repeated period is likewise true By Aletha M. Bonner mence with a very easy combination of notes, a scale for the next sixty-six keys. of the repeated phrase. The following example is typi¬ is excellent; decide on the kind of touch you wish to Scale practice is the beginning and end of pianoforte cal of a large number of advisable uses of the Shift The Dampers use and concentrate on that, and the tone produced; let technic, and complete relaxation of the muscles is neces¬ Pedal. How often do we find teachers keyed up during a the fingers feel their way guided by the ear, and your In this style of grand piano we also find that only sary in securing a beautiful scale. Anv unnecessary Bx j Mendelssohn, Song Without Words, No. 1 lesson period to what they call “highest pitch.” They knowledge of the construction of the scale. the first sixty-eight keys are supplied with corresponding walk the floor, wring their hands, or give way to other contraction of the muscles makes itself heard in the On the piano, the amount of key resistance will be tone quality of the different fingers. The stroke of the felt dampers—the upper twenty keys have none. Now forms of perturbation, which in turn only tend to mud¬ more acutely felt in this way, legato and staccato more depress the shift pedal and notice what effect it has dle the brain of the pupil and to upset an otherwise tourth finger becomes very weak, that of the middle easily felt and judged, and the ear will become capable finger harsh. In a perfect scale all the notes are pre- on the number of strings actually struck. Hammers, well-balanced equilibrium. Nor is this the most harm¬ of a much finer discrimination of tone quality. After a‘>ke, and the tone is full, round and musical. which in the normal position of the keyboard struck ful result of such a display of “nerves.” the scale, take the simple extended chords and get C'f/ Many difficulties are to be overcome in playing a good but one string (the one string register), still continue Of all the arts, music is said to be the best language used to spacing the different intervals with the fingers, scale on the piano; and it would be well for every stu- to strike one string; those striking two, now strike but in which to express an ideal. In view of this fact, we each hand in turn. Then play firm chords, same posi¬ dent, the beginner in particular, to keep in min'd the one; and finally, those striking three, now strike but two. ask the question: “Can such a colorful language be tion of chord to be repeated through four or five grasped by a pupil who is reduced to a state of trepi¬ following rules during the scale practice period. Terminology octaves, each hand separately, so as to bring arm move¬ I. correct position of the arm dation through the agitated antics of an instructor?” ment into play, trying to pass over the intervening notes The words “una corda,” meaning one string, are Contrasts of all Kinds Frankly, there is but one answer; namely, the musical in one arched leap of the hand, the arm moving relaxedfUSdeS °f ^ shoulder’ elbow and wrist must be derived from the Italian. They arose from the fact Thus far we have seen that literal repetitions are vocabulary will be too limited for self-expression by laterally along with it in an easy position, no cramping that in the earliest instruments there were but two effectively heightened by the judicious use of the Shift such a student, rather will the phraseology pertaining to be allowed. Practice this first with the eyes open in keys ^'ngers not 'n use must be kept raised above the strings where we now have three. In using this pedal, Pedal taken in conjunction with the Damper Pedal. to the art be merged into a tumult of disquieting notes. order to get the correct position at the piano and gauge on those instruments, only one string was actually struck This principle may be extended to contrasts of all kinds, Music, therefore, demands repose on the; part of those 4. Keep fingers in a curved position, the distances of the hand movement from one octave —hence the term. It is well, however, to bear in mind whether literal or not. In the following example we teaching its language. It calls for controlled nerves, to the next. This you will find quite a difficult exer¬ stroke P thUmb in itS place’ PrePared for its that, even in the earliest instruments, there was always find an apt illustration in which it is easy to imagine for sane emotions. Let us heed the call. cise with the eyes closed, though you may do it with a one-string register for the lowest bass strings, which an orchestral solo instrument promptly answered by remained unaffected, as in the modern instruments. after the arpeggios have been played. comparative ease with the eye to guide your movements. 7 T?,!tX^nger:? and thumb after striking. several instruments. o' p, ” .e ”ad i°int °f the thumb toward the hand, Thus the term “una corda” was never scientifically cor¬ Just Wondering The fingers must endeavor to retain their relative rect—it has always been a misnomer. It is particularly To the Etude: is one tone * u and listen for **««* legato; that positions through each successive octave; and the hand, tween them y )0,ns the other without silence be- so to-day. It persists, as do many other misnomers, I had been without a piano for eight years, except being carried by the arm, must learn to judge the dis¬ because, on the one hand, it is difficult to root out terms the few and far-between visits I made to my old Ken¬ accent and th * °n y by playing the scales with strong tance and to know just when to descend on to the notes. dSeto XXT “» Precision sod in- which have gained universal currency, and then, per¬ tucky home; and, really, it required all the nerve thdt You will soon learn the feel of the hand for different scale thrnmrh tb fin?ers are acquired. First play the haps, because no better one was found. It is well to I possessed to keep going. I was so far behind; but chords, and the association of the sound with the touch "o«s according to the note in pasing, that the words “due corde” (meaning I persisted, and a few months ago when I paid my note instead of n ,*et the accent fall upon the weak two strings), which would be today more nearly ac¬ daddy a visit all the friends and relatives were eloquent will strengthen the ear for distinguishing various ■.S •I1' «"« •», and pl,y ,he scale, curate, are urged and used by Arthur Whiting in his in their praise of my playing. sounds in combination. Also the fingers will become cent S Afterward, place the sc very excellent Pedal Studies (two volumes). I am just wondering in how many homes there is a much more sensitive to gradations of touch in tone for¬ piano with no one to play it, that could be turned over mation. This practice with the eyes shut .will be found note This J t, 1 note; tIlen> uP°n every fourth What Effect Has this Pedal Upon Timbre? to some ambitious one who, for some cause or other, to be quite fascinating, the powers of concentration will is the s.,,/4, ,*“d,eT“n'i °f an >u make it a critics. But how will musicians in general feel when the old lady’s face. She examines the ear trumpet, Beethoven, Sonata, Op. 31, No. 3 used. Experimentation and experience must yield the other masters. point of being on time also? 'i ou should not expect pu- they realize fully what a powerful aid the cacophonists shakes it, and returns it to her ear. The puzzled look Not so his friend and colleague, H. T. F. I have al¬ most satisfactory results. ' pils to be prompt if you are not there to set the example. remains. She repeats the examination and shakes it more While it is incorrect and esthetically unjustifiable or ways been in the forefront of the progressives. Yester¬ are in the process of ousting audiences from the concert Do you begin your classes on time and close them on the vigorously. The ear trumpet, however, stubbornly goes inadvisable to use the Shift Pedal over pages and pages day in sorting a bundle of old personal letters for my halls and undoing the long and laborious process of hour so the next pupil is not made to waste her time? on transmitting what comes into it from the stage, and of music, it is just as inadvisable to refrain from using it Time is a valuable thing. “Others’ time is as valuable to memoirs, I came across one by James Huneker in which building up a paying clientele? P & Lady Speier, the excellent violinist, formerly known the old lady in disgust puts it away in her bag. p shift pedat f at all. Nor is it ever to be used for any great stretch them as yours is to you, so don’t waste either.” It js a he wrote, under date of , 1904: "You were not as Leonora von Stosch, had an article in McCall’s Maga¬ I have long looked on the musical futurists as the of playing without the Damper Pedal. good thing to remember. If your guests at ymr recitals only the first Chopin apostle, but also the first Liszts the zine some time ago on “New Sounds For Old,” in which funniest class of persons in the world, because they are HTIeI In concluding, it may be well to relate an interesting are invited for eight o’clock, do not expect the recital to first Wagner in America.” she related that a children’s class at a musical institute funny from so many points of view. experience culled from the lives of noted and illustrious be a success if you begin at eight-thirty. Ithat time And this tells only part of the story. Beginning my was asked for a definition of modern music. One child When Leo Ornstein gave his first recital in New York pianists, which took place in St. Petersburg (now Lenin¬ the pupils are nervous and worn out; your audience is career by “booming” Wagner, Chopin and Liszt, I con¬ while in the following example you will note a difference answered, “Modern music sounds as if you were play¬ I wrote an article, part of which I beg leave to repeat grad), Russia. On one occasion Franz Bendel gave a restless; and you are at a tension that is v-ntagious to tinued to champion all the new composers in whom I in tone quality as well as diminution of sound in each ing the wrong notes.” Another said: “Modern music here: “Germany has produced some great wits and recital. This artist used considerable Shift Pedal in his both pupils and guests. could discover real genius: such men as Grieg, Mac- successive measure. is the kind you can’t beat time to”; while a third child’s humorists, but Arnold Schonberg is not one of them. playing. After his recital the critics agreed that his use A merchant is expected to be prompt also in his obli¬ Dowell, Paderewski, Schelling, Grainger, Stravinsky. of this pedal was profuse. A few days later Anton description was: “Father won’t go to concerts with There was a time when the keys of church organs were p;x> 9 , Beethoven, Sonata, Op. 10 gations; so he is exact about sending out his statements But—I may as well say it now as later—one of the Rubinstein, who also used a great deal of Shift Pedal mother if they play it.” so wide and so hard to work that the fists and elbows the first of each month, and meeting his own bills at the chief reasons why I gave up writing criticisms for a in his playing, gave a recital. After this performance Yes, and mother, too, will soon stay at home if they were used to press them down. Schonberg’s piano pieces same time. Arc you? There is somethin^ about the daily paper was the same as Richard Aldrich’s. the critics were unanimous in their praises, noting his You don’t enjoy going to your dentist, do you? You continue to play this kind of modern music, the “music” sounded just as if they were being played that way. business side of the musician’s life from which all of “more correct” use. The real fact was that Rubinstein don’t dote on sitting in his chair and having him scrape of the uglifyers. “For a minute or two that sort of thing is quite funny— us shrink; but it is a very essential part. And, while though not so funny as De Angelis was when he plunged used the Shift Pedal far oftener than Bendel did—but your teeth and hammer away at them till you want to Sir Frederick Bridge remarked last year that if he not covering as great stretches. it is disagreeable to have to look after bill-, this must knew he were to hear something good he would go to a into an upright piano and set all the strings jangling at be done if we arc to be successful in every way. yell, do you? Artistic .judgment, based upon superior models, experi¬ Well, that is the way I, who naturally revel in (legiti¬ concert; but he “refused to pay half a guinea for being once. But brevity is the soul of wit. A joke in sonata An unclean and disordered store is not attractive. One mentation and coupled with experience, will yield the mate) dissonances, have been feeling every time I lis¬ annoyed.” That hits the nail on the head. form is no longer a joke. As the latest phase of Ger¬ Effects Suggesting Mystery does not care to shop there. Are your p- m neat and finest and highest results. The serious piano student is tened to compositions by Schonberg and the other Ger¬ Arthur Bird, the Ame'rican composer, who has long man Kultur in music Schonberg’s compositions are, how¬ clean? Or do you just “not bother alxmt thiuus mi dis¬ Just as it is impossible to indicate precisely all effects thus admonished to man, French and Italian uglifyers of music. They tor¬ lived in Berlin, has written an account of a very “mod¬ ever, an instructive object-lesson. They show a charac¬ of the Damper Pedal, we find that the artistic use of the agreeable?” Well the successful busines- . will tell teristic disregard of other people’s happiness. Stop! Look! Think! Listen! ture my ears just as much as the dentist tortures my em” quartet, written in quarter tones and played in that Shift Pedal requires imaginativeness on the part of the you that carefulness in the little things pay- in the long “Mr. Ornstein disarmed criticism by calling his own but, above all else, to teeth. city: “It was four movements of hideousness, the kind player. However, you may be quite certain that in all The dentist, however, is a necessary evil; Schonberg which causes headache, toothache, especially earache, piece a ‘Wild Men’s Dance.’ That enabled him to outdo portions of compositions in which such terms as LISTEN! isn’t. You have no idea how relieved I feel at having stomachache and every other ache known and unknown Schonberg with impunity. . . . Concerning another expect tne merchant with whom you deal i escaped him and his shameless imitators, defilers of the to the most wily M.D. After the last note there was a piece of his, ‘Marche Grotesque,’ an admirer of his says: and courteous, and to have a pleasing mam r Wht ‘If we have the music of butterflies, why divine art. about yourself? Are you really interested vour pt not of toads?’ Keeping Your Teaching Alive by Constant Study I shouldn’t be a bit surprised if W. J. pils individually? If so, they like to km-, about i Henderson soon followed the example set “Why not, indeed? Or of crocodiles, 7° you always show a pleasing countcnam. m t well t Perhaps the busy mother and housewife would not ary stunts,” as he himself frankly told me. Perhaps Mr. Ornstein now has a sense Waiting for trains, waiting for a pupil, during even¬ we want ,OUrSe'ves as People with a businc- f whic of humor; I don’t know. But when he agree to this. Perhaps the business or professional man o make a success? It is worth thinking about In reality he abhorred the cacophonists and woman, or the school teacher, would not agree to it. ings at home—read, study, inform yourself. This habit as much as the rest of us. Concerning was a mere youth of eighteen he did not once formed, will give you a mental poise which coulc seem to see how funny it was for him to They would argue that the music teacher, who goes Schonberg he wrote that he is “the crud¬ never be gained by the nerve-racking impatience of aim¬ intimate, in a talk with a London journ¬ from jiouse to house, or even the one who sits at the Be an Optimistic Teacher est of all composers, for he mingles with lessly killing time. alist, that just as Bach and Beethoven piano under his own roof tree, does not have the mental his music sharp daggers at white heat, As your musical intelligence broadens you will be abl< and Wagner reflected the spirit of their and physical confinement that they all have to endure. By Jean McMichael with which he tears away tiny . slices to meet any emergencies of questionings; but even i of his victim’s flesh. Anon he twists the times in their music so his own style of “The music pupil does the work; you have only to sit you feel capable of this, do not rely on it implicitly a knife in the fresh wound and you receive music was a reflection of our time. and listen,” said someone one day. “The teacher of any Don’t be a pessimistic teacher, lesson time. another horrible thrill.” Dear me! There are undoubtedly many other subject has to drive the ideas into children’s No good teacher ever would go to a lesson without titered I!8*!!’ °fpt‘:™.st'c tcac,1er, by dropping here a: Can you imagine Huneker enjoying that ugly things in modern life; but I am heads.” bestowing a few moments of careful thought on what seeds nf °r,f° praise’ P>an‘s in the young mind lit sort of thing. Then you can also imagine sure we are all very sorry they cannot be eliminated. And art, certainly, was never Ah!—but there was no need of saying anything: the that lesson is to convey to the scholar. One of the ySi;ofb;elf'COnfidence ‘hat invariably grow as t him enjoying being flayed alive by Apache music teacher will understand. finest teachers in New York sits in her studio, between Indians. On hearing this composer he meant to aggravate or reflect these hideous Even with the variance of pupils of different ages lessons, playing over the music that is to be given tc wished himself, as he writes, “miles away.” things, but to help to beautify life. That and intelligence, there is a deadly monotony in the hourly the next arrival. I am quite sure that this increasing hefr;8riCal StUdem worki"* with one idea Now, you may want to say that “critics is the exalted mission of the divine art, teacher fm * summcr examinations—was told by h listening to sounds; and with the ear trained to every study and grasp of the material with which she work" come and critics go but concerts will go on in particular. shade of defect in the performance, there is certainly a goes far to bring her the unqualified success which she Sd be „U;.rforSbbef0re the “ti0" that forever.” But will they? That is the ques¬ Is This a Mere Curiosity or Will It On another occasion I wrote about Leo strain which is not found i.i all professions. has with young and old. she wniiM . f°r her ,0 fy- as she was sure tli tion I wish to discuss to-day. It is pf Ornstein (who, by the way, has developed To use a well-worn expression; this is “all in the As long as a stream is active it is clear. Just as Iona ambition thaTtheZZ’ th“S absoIuteb' ki,linS all t tremendous importance to the immediate Revolutionize Music? into a splendid pianist) : “He goes far be¬ day’s work” of the music teacher; and it is his duty to yond his great countryman and prede¬ as your mind works constantly it will lie in a healthv have been i StUdent had. The four months wot) future of music. Here is a picture of the Grotrian-Stcinweg quarter-tone piano which has himself so to keep his mind and hearing fresh and vital normal state. Personally, I have no belief in “brain cessor, Anton Rubinstein. The great set all musical Europe agog. In this piano the octave is divided into twenty- that he will be able to rise above all fatigue and give fag.” The muscles of.the body, and the nerves of the exlmi„br0,rple time in Which to 41 Sad Plight of Musicians Anton used to play many wrong notes, four parts instead of twelve. That is, for each key of the present piano there his best to his scholars at every hour of the day or body, can become weary, through overstrain; but the Musicians are having a tragic struggle but Leo beats him all hollow; for when are two on the Quarter-Tone Piano. Thus we have two pianos, one tuned evening. intellect borders on the immortal within us. Our work memPsTeIre1ceTvesUThtl'C °f ““T* for existence which is becoming more he plays his own pieces all the notes are Here are a few suggestions to the music teacher, to not „ 1,lerc arc many teachers who i a quarter of a tone higher than the other, both played from one keyboard. The wrong; at least, they sound that way, so should be to keep it in its proper state. serious every year. The slump in the keep, by his efforts, his mental qualities sure and clear and faith t 'S ' trough their lack of undcrstaiidii idea is to produce some of the new effects suggested by ultra-modern music. it amounts to the same thing ’’ "The mind to be kept in health, should be kept in recital and concert world has been widely and resolute, alive to the needs of his pupils. exercise.” Will this make music more beautiful or more hideous? John Philip Sousa, Much of the futuristic music consists cannot do'ZZrJTi?' "7 ,l,cin fecl ",at discussed. One New York periodical .has First: study constantly. Keep your mental faculties alive and cleat, Jtrona in commenting upon this system, says: "If the public only knew what a of daubs and smudges of sound which accomplish. * that a «">•= l--tei.ee w printed a whole series of articles in which There are plenty of moments, even for the busy thinking; about your own efforts, your scholar’s ef struggle we have with the present half-tone system in keeping the instruments anybody could produce on the piano, es¬ teacher, when he may read books on music, musical managers all over the country tried to forts, and the world of music as a whole; and you can¬ and wSiCa,-,PeSSimist courts failure both for hers, in tune in the varying temperature of different halls it might realize how pecially if he had never taken any lessons. magazines, musical reviews, in the newspapers—not with not fail to be a live music teacher. explain the why and to suggest remedies. well-nigh impossible any quarter-tone system becomes." “Have we not a right to resent such unearths Z™ gtius" ^ ^ It would of course be foolish to say that childish attempts to gull us ?” asks one of the gradual inclusion of more and more of THE ETUDE JANUARY 1925 Page IS Page 12 JANUARY 1925 THE ETUDE sive the guests nothing to eat but pepper and salt, mus. the foremost English critics of to-day, Mr. Percy A. snakes; they were attacked. We are attacked, therefore tard and curry, horseradish and cayenne, lemons and Scholes. He compares some of the recent futile English we are rattlesnakes.” , . pickles garlic and Chili sauce, and gasoline flavoring. All About the Trill attempts to be original, to a man’s trying to attract The only difference between the masters and the e Puddings, pies, all sweets, savory meats and sauces notice by appearing publicly “with his clothes buttoned dicrous cacophonists is that the masters did not conhn vegetables, bread and butter, and all other kinds of gas. By EDWIN HALL PIERCE behind instead of in front.” themselves to dissonantal din. They also compose tronomic euphony and melody, would be banished from “Childish attempts to gull us”—in those five words Mr. music! To be sure, that’s some difference! the menus altogether. The Most Used Musical Ornament Explained in all Necessary Detail Am I exaggerating? Not the least bit. What the Scholes reveals what is really the quintessence of the Never was being a “genius” so easy a thing as it is futurists do deliberately and even boastfully, is to abolish whole futuristic movement. I am willing to bet my bot¬ now, in futuristic circles. Anybody who can write °r For certain other cases we recommend the reader to the melody, euphony (>'. c„ beauty), harmony and modulation A group of conservatory students were discussing the or dozmward from the auxiliary note (older style) : tom dollar that Schonberg and his confreres often laugh play music can be made a cacophonistic genius ’ while advantages of their various instruments from various article “Shake” in Grove’s Dictionary of Music. from music. in their sleeves when perpetrating impossible tonal combi¬ points of view, each being disposed to stand up quite you wait.” Tell him to take any complicated piece and And in so doing the fools (I can use no milder term) nations, knowing that some persons will take them seri¬ loyally for his own specialty. The Auxiliary Note play it with all the flats changed to sharps and all the are actually nullifying the effect of the one thing left f0 ously and think themselves dense or stupid for not being sharps to flats. It’s as easy as rolling off a log, and you Said a young violinist: “We can make a really rapid, “The auxiliary note follows the signature of the key able to “understand” these wonderful new things! But them, namely dissonance! ! clean-cut, spirited trill; on the piano, one can’t 1” are at once a full-fledged futuristic genius. Let me explain. In Schubert’s “Erlking” there is a in which the piece is written. Thus, if a trill is on C, in the worst is yet to come. Nearly all these “geniuses” have' absolutely nothing to “Yes one can 1” contradicted a pianist, flatly. the key of C, the auxiliary note would be simply D; but glorious, epoch-making dissonance. This dissonance, C but never downward from the principal note: tell us that is new or worth while. But perhaps I ought “Then why don’t you?" was the instant response. if the key were A-flat, and the trill on C, the auxiliary and D with E flat, first occurs (forte) when the child The Climax of Cacophonic Comicality not to say this. Once, when I wrote: “I also adore the The young violinist’s statement was without question note would be D-flat; because that note is flatted in the asks the father, who is riding with it “through night and dissonances of Stravinsky; even when he overdoes I do an unjust exaggeration; yet it had “just truth enough signature. Teachers are somewhat negligent about ex¬ Ever since the days of Monteverde, in the seventeenth wind,” if he does not see the spook. The second time, not object because he has something to say—the only one in it to be nasty,” as an Englishman would say. Leaving plaining these things properly to pupils. Where the century, great composers have been attacked for their when the child asks its father if he does not see the Erl- audacious dissonances. Even Beethoven's “Eroica” sym¬ of the futurists who has," I got a letter advising me to out of the question the limited nuyber of great pianists composer wishes to make an exception to this rule (usu¬ king’s daughters in their eerie haunts, it is a second Students .sometimes make this blunder. phony was called “shrill and bizarre.” In Wagner’s be modest and to say instead that Stravinsky is “the only who are absolute masters of every technical detail of ally because of a passing modulation into another key), higher: D E F; and finally, when the child cries: “My Should a composer desire an execution like that in “Tristan and Isolde” “harmony is used in a way which one I seem to understand.” their art, it is an undeniable fact that the execution of he indicates it by a small accidental placed above the father, my father, he seizes me now,” we have a still Fig. 3 (as very rarely happens), he would simply write scoffs at its very name,” while the “Meistersinger” was Whew! I understood Bach and Chopin and Wagner the trill or shake is. apt to be a weak point with the trill-sign or before it. higher and more shrill dissonance— E flat, F, G flat- out the notes in full as he wished them played, not using found to be “a vicious kind of polyphony, poisoned coun¬ and Liszt from the start; but Erik Satie and Milhaud average pianist. It is very apt to be either feeble, slow, (Chopin) the trill sign at all. terpoint.” Chopin’s style was declared "unsuited to the and Casella and their colleagues are beyond me! Don’t sung and played fortissimo. The effect is thrilling, over¬ clumsy, uneven, or in some cases (although the rules whelming, sublime. governing trills are quite elastic) even incorrect. piano,” while Liszt was—well, Liszt was simply a Hun, you feel sorry for me? Forms of Beginning a Trill guilty of every conceivable musical crime. But, if I, a highly trained and educated critic, with Now suppose Schubert had been a disciple of Schon¬ The Trill Not a Gift Such criticisms have given the modern uglifyers of nearly half a century’s experience in listening to and berg. Then he would have constructed the whole song Where no indications are given to force a contrary T^r "r t r 1 music a tremendous amount of" comfort. When their appraising new music, cannot understand Satie and Mil¬ with dissonances; consequently, when the agonized cli¬ The power to make a really good trill seldom comes reading, one should generally begin the trill with the horrible tonal entanglements and crashing dissonances haud and Casella and all the rest of the “modernists” max came there would have been no chan.c for a tragi: by nature, but must be acquired by patient and intelligent auxiliary note, in the older music (i. e., that before Hum¬ (The accidental b above the trill means that the aux¬ are called what they should be called, their perpetrators except Stravinsky, how can you expect an audience of thrill. The whole would have been dismally unemotional practice. One needs also to understand the rules which mel’s period) but always begin with the principal note iliary note is Blq, not Bb.) smile superciliously and say: “Ah, yes—that’s what used mere music-lovers, most of whom have not had the one- and flatly uninteresting. govern the proper execution of this ornament. The in all the more modern music. to be said about the great masters. We are futurists— hundredth or one-thousandth part of my experience and In Beethoven’s “Ninth Symphony” there is a place numerous carefully edited and annotated editions of the The principal cases in which one follows the (now The Ending of the Trill writing music for the future, as they did. Don’t make a training, to fathom the fathomless depths of these un¬ where he lets the orchestra loudly shriek every note o( classics which are now so much in use generally have the universal) modern practice, even in the case of old music, Most trills end with a turn (dipping below the prin¬ fool of yourself, as the critics of Beethoven, Chopin, fathomable composers? the scale at once. It is sublime, heavenly. But if the trills spelled out in full, as a guide to performance; but are as follows: cipal note over, and returning), whether indicated by the Wagner and Liszt did, by denying that we are geniuses 1” What a dismal, pitiable outlook for them! To guess whole symphony had been cacophonic, that divine climax while this saves the student from making any absurd mis¬ 1. Where preceded by a short grace-note on the same composer or not; but the last note of the trill, before the To those who know the inside facts, this reasoning Is the period when the music of these poor fellows will be would have been lost completely. take as to the particular case in hand, it teaches him degree of the scale (which is one way of indicating it) : turn, must be the principal note, not the auxiliary note. what the boys call “a scream.” Listen! understood by audiences, must we not resort to astro¬ Grieg’s nationalistic piano pieces (his arrangements of nothing as to general principles and gives him no oppor¬ This is another case where some pupils are apt to There are at present in Germany, France, Italy and nomical figures, like quadrillions or qu'intillions of years ? peasant tunes) are full of fierce dissonances which, as he tunity of choice in many cases where the rules for trill¬ blunder: England at least three dozen “futurist” composers each Poor fellows 1 I say again. It is with the kindest of ing would allow any one of several different interpreta¬ himself wrote, “make your hair stand n end." The Ex. 12 doing his durndest to surpass all the others in making intentions that I advise them to write a different kind of futurists should study these Grieg piece ^ t. > learn how tions which would be equally correct. music mean disagreeable noises. Each one of them con¬ music, because people certainly will not go all their lives dissonances can be used musically and adorably. Trill studies for piano have been written by several different composers: Baumfelder, Op. 241; Czerny, Op. siders himself a genius because some of the great masters to concerts of their music in the belief that while it may If professional musicians arc willing to risk losing 2. At the commencement of a phrase, or after a rest: 355 (books IV and V) ; Doring, Op. 33; Gurlitt, Op. also indulged in dissonantal din! be intensely annoying to them, their descendants a quin- what’s left of their audiences by coquetting with the 142; Krause, Op. 2; Loeschhorn, Op. 165; Philipp, The Evidently none of these “composers” has ever studied tillion years hence may have learned by heredity to futuristic uglifyers of music, who make dissonance an like it. Trill; Ruthardt, Op. 40. Each one of these doubtless logic, else they would not indulge in this sort of reason¬ end in itself (instead of a means to an cud, as in the ing: “Wagner and Liszt were geniuses; they were at¬ has its excellences, and would repay study, but the pres¬ If one of these futurist composers were chef in a hotel works of the great masters), all right. It's their funeral, tacked. We are attacked, therefore we are geniuses.” what would we expect him to do? ent writer would be at a loss to know just which to rec¬ not mine, and I shall have nothing more to say. Good ommend with any real confidence in its sufficiency. All Which is precisely like arguing: “These are rattle- If he adapted his musical formulas to food he would night! violinists, who pursue a thorough course on their in¬ 3. When approached by a skip from above. The introducing of this turn will generally make an odd strument, are sure to go through Kreutzer’s Etudes number of notes, so that one has to hurry very slightly to VViltll lb d Ex. 6 before they reach the most advanced stages of study; finish the end of the trill within the proper time, and An Editorial and of the forty-two numbers in this book, at least ten this should be done as gracefully and inconspicuously as • Mr. Fmck, in the foregoing article, has covered a very color, many of these compositions are very charming are designed for intensive study of the trill in its vari¬ possible. joss or Beethoven”; but zee cannot feel that his infer¬ necessary field. Will this music ever find a market in even thrilling. Strawinsky’s “Bird of Fire,” whicl ous forms, particularly those somewhat difficult cases in Where the note following the trill is the same as the ence—that if his cook hears modernistic music often 4. When approached scale-fashion from below: America? We have already adopted caviar, chop suey, many ■Americans heard with the Ballet Russc. is < which it occurs on short notes in rapid time. (In many trilled note, a slightly simpler form of ending is the rule: gortgonaola, Bismarck herrings, and other alien dishes. gorgeous musical novelty. Mr. Leopold Stokowski enough she will come to enjoy it—is really warranted. such cases violinists play a group of five notes, where Hozv about the music? Is this kind of tonal delicatessen Conductor of the Philadelphia Orchestra and long at With Ravel, Stravinsky and ezvn Brahms anr own capac¬ a pianist would be content with three—a mere sugges¬ coming to our educational larders? American protagonist for the modernist has assured th, ity for appreciation was fortunately progressive, On tion of a trill.) Consequently, a violinist who has mas¬ Time and again the radicals in music point out that writer that he regards Strawinsky as the greatest of al tered Kreutzer’s Etudes has incidentally mastered the the other hand, we are confronted with a great mass of 5. When on a very short note in rapid time: Beethoven, Wagner, et al., were ridiculed for their lack present day composers. modernistic music that to us seems like the putrefaction trill. Unfortunately there seems to be nothing exactly of melody. The usual deduction from this is that any¬ to correspond to this*in the course of piano study; yet Serge Koussevitshy, the new conductor of the Bostoi of art. We might come to endure it; but that zvould not Presto Haydn played Trills on very short notes in rapid time are ended one should be able to kick up any kind of a cacophonic if one will learn to understand the true principles of the Symphony, on the other hand speaks of Ravel as "th, simply on the principal note, without a turn. Chains of rumpus and command respectful attention. make the music beautiful. Last summer zee zvent out trill, as we shall endeavor to set them forth in this greatest of moderns." In an interview appearing in tht frills, proceeding in scale fashion, without interruption, Real genius is invariably a form of expression which New York "Times" he is reported as saying-. fishing with a lobsterman, off the coast of Maine. Part article, and will give all trills, as they are met, sufficient ilrifrnriinrnif "nrrrrrri may or may not have the turn, but most commonly not. compels universal attention. If it has not that quality "All music is melodious, if the melody is properh of his job was to bait fifty lobster pots. The bait was a intensive practice, the power to execute them brilliantly v w etc. of universality, it is not really the product of great• barrel of rotten herring. Every now and then he would and gracefully will be sure to arrive in course of time, brought out. It is only a case of familiarity. The cool The manner of indicating that one is to begin with the Filling the Value of the Note genius. along with great general improvement in finger dexterity. may prefer the hurdy-gurdy to Ravel; but if she hear< dip m and grab a handful of fish, the stench of which auxiliary note, is to write a preliminary grace-note on The genius discovers a great chord in the soul of man, Ravel often enough she will find beauty in his music almost asphyxiated your editor. “Don’t you mind it?’ . One of thd chief requirements of a good trill is that at some stage of world development, and gives expres¬ that degree. (This forms part of the trill, in perform¬ it should fill the time-value of the note exactly. If it Music is like love. Light love may seem delicious - bui e was asked. Lori, no. It don’t smell noways bad to What is a Trill ? sion to that chord. Ofttimes the people of the earth arc ance, and should not be distinguished from it by any stops too soon or too late, the rhythm will be distorted. it does not last. Deep love does. It is the same in‘liter¬ me. / ve been doin' this for tzventy years. I reckon one There are two ways of thinking of a trill: one may difference in time or accent.) slow in recognising what the genius is trying to make ature and m music. A frothy melody is sung on all lips This is one of the most difficult points of perfection for clear to them. can, get used to anything." regard it as a note rapidly repeated, preceded each time the pupil to acquire. and lasts a couple of months; but a great melody ncvei ® (Beethoven) Immediately in the trail of the genius are to be found Melody is a thought in tone. It makes no difference by a grace note (appoggiatura) on the degree above; Like all rules, however, it has its exceptions. In cer¬ dies. That which is fundamental in music always cn or, one may regard it as a note rapidly repeated in alter¬ a troup of imitators and aspirants; and from these whether the theme is “Believe- Me If Alt Those Endcar- j j M i tain dotted rhythm (see example below) it sounds well dares, whether it is jacs or Beethoven. Beethoven’s nation with the note on the degree above. In the former comes a cult. They of the cult have a confused impres¬ to trill on the note and wait on the dot: pieces are tuneful and can be played to reveal this" y °ung Channs” or Cyril Scott’s ”Lotus Und." If case, the tendency is to begin with the upper or auxiliary sion of the ideals of the genius, and obscure the issue. ’Music changes with the times. Nobody likea ZlL? S0."'c*hmu which is a melodic expnssion. it has Thus in art Pablo Picasso fathered the Cubist move¬ note: this was usually done by Bach, Handel, Haydn, Beethoven at first. A friend of mine in Berlin?a great ufinn • jel,er “ is a good melody or not depends ment. He attempted an art of painting in which the Mozart, and their contemporaries; although even in Won’t r 1!‘df!nenl °f ,imc- The Crusaders sang “9 c J J creator endeavored to produce in design and color cer¬ J tn'-'TrV’ S an o!d journal commenting their works cases occur where it is probable they began 1”*11 upon the Third Symphony of Beethoven, the day after Jerusalem iTf Unlil Morni>io’’ on their way to with the principal note, as is the modern, fashion. In the tain impressions entirely apart from copying living or it was played. What awful music’ runs the nrrl , that fhl t ,JCaSt ,hcrc is a Wy active tradition latter case, the trill uniformly begins with the principal still life models. Picasso tried to make plastic art as ‘It zvas the worst thing I ever listened to’ When This exception, however, does not extend to longer dotted camb dit"COldi IUnC Marlborough was one of the note, unless otherwise indicated in ways we will explain U-l—r impersonal as is music. After Picasso came a proces¬ lY&WS notes, nor to those in which there is no feeling of what Wagner teas first played the people put their fingers 2 Crelfnl >he K'ondcrf"1 days of the Cross and the later. This fashion of performance is said to have sion of imitators who concluded that any kind of a daub is called “dotted rhythm.” These are trilled throughout their ears. It may be the same with the new Russian The L'l ,S ,a’’.,,ghty good tunc today, been first introduced by Hummel, who was a pupil of Sometimes, both in ancient and modern music, one would, in these days, go for genius. composers and with the French modernists mZ Z finds a trill preceded by a grace-note below. This should their full value. tham) are thlZZV-, aPol"Oies to Jeremy Ben- Mozart, and since then has been the standard usage ex¬ In music, whether we realise it or not, the majority whose compositions have never been heard T tZ on no account be taken to mean that the trill is played hutnanitv - -nf f^'ch appeal to the greatest portion of cept for the rendition of works of a date before his of the newer composers in France, Germany, Russia, country and arc still m manuscript. The modern! downwards from the principal note; on the contrary, the Ex. 15 longest ’ l deepest emotional content for the England and Italy are restricting their output to what are searching They are groping for the truth. X trill is played in the usual manner, but preceded by the is roughly termed the modernistic style. They claim that is their contribution to composition. True «„„• , teris Old F !andeVs Largo- Schubert’s Serenade. Fos- Note—A trill may be upward from the principal note grace-note: they still enjoy the music of the masters of yesterday, melody. It is tuneful." c IUIS Wagneris Pri-l c Homc’ Mendelssohn’s Spring Song, (modern style) : but at the same time produce what to most ears is de¬ Koussevitsky is a brilliant performer who lib this class of S°ng’ Brahm's Cradle Song, all fall * Ex. lO liberate cacophony. Dragonetti, chose the double bass as his inhume! smote im,lorZhnS,hMe hM*"- To have written one Accompanied Trills in One Hand: the “False Trill” Singularly enough in the field of the String Quartet It u easy to agree with his statement that "that which Bland’s "Car! Z\Uke the Londondcrry Air or In advanced piano playing cases occur of a trill accom¬ and m the orchestra, where there is a variety of tone weapon aaaZi Z,Back lo 0le ^ginny," is a bi99< ts fundamental in music always endures, whether it t panied by independent notes in the same hand. This is of milliZ ofJ so°ldZ°oldters, nstatesmen ,,han ,he andliU merchants.,ime achievme * THU Jj'TUDR JANUARY 1925 Page 15 Page 1J, J A AU ARY 1925 THE ETUDE How Mozart Composed often exceedingly difficult, and the greatest pianists have hot hesitated to make what is known as a “false trill,” By W. Meyer What Radio Means to the Music Student which is much easier and equally brilliant. It consists in omitting one note of the trill each time a new note of An Interview With VICTOR SAUDEK the independent part is struck. Here is a noted example Translated expressly for The Etude As an example of the second, from Beethoven s Choral from Cramer’s Etudes. Director of Radio Music, the Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Co. Station KDKA, Pittsburgh. Fantasia: The genial musical disposition of Mozart exhibited Springfield, Mass. Newark, N. J. Hastings, Nebraska. Chicago, III. itself in°no way more forcibly than in his methods 0f composition. He seemed to possess the ability to con¬ the instrumental and vocal sides, which, combined with his experience in ceive a composition in all its completeness in his mind, Victor Saudck, at present director of radio music for The Wcsting- just as an artist would conceive of a picture. The house Electric and Manufacturing Company at Pittsburgh, and conductor actual production of symphonic and operatic works, gives him that degree mechanical process of writing the work was merely of the KDKA Little Symphony Orchestra, was formerly solo flutist under of versatility required'by the position he. at present occupies. He is also attached to 'the Music Department, School of Fine Arts, Carnegie Institute hand labor. In fact, his wife used to remark. “He writes Victor Herbert and later under Emil Paur. He has also traveled with In this the trill is continued through both measures. out his compositions just as you and I write letters.” many of the great coloratura singers, playing their flute obbligato parts. He of Technology, in a professional capacity. Readers of THE ETUDE, who In a letter written in 1789 Mozart told of his methods has made a study of symphonic, opera and light opera scores from both are also interested in radio, will find this a very informative article. An Explosive Trill of composition. When a trill is to begin sforsando, wth the greatest “When I feel good, sometimes in a ride in a wagon, a deft technic of even so little a thing as turning pages, “The music students of America have reason to be produce. Briefly, the microphone tends to sharpen the possible convincing effect, a little trick is practiced by sometimes after a fine meal, sometimes when I y,, f,»r a and as everyone knows, it is the multitude of little unusually interested in a discussion of what the radio performer’s technic; and it does it in a way impossible certain concert pianists—said to have been invented by walk, sometimes when I cannot sleep, I have the peculiar things as much as anything else that distinguishes the means to them and how they may profit most by it. to a human being without hurting the feelings of the Liszt—which is well worth knowing. At the start they experience of having the musical ideas pour in upon me artist from the mere performer. “It must be borne in mind that the radio functions performer. It does accurately and with absolute fair¬ In Beethoven’s Sonatas, Op. S3, Op. 109, Op. Ill, and simply smash down the principal note and the auxiliary like a powerful stream. Whither they mine and how “It is thus that the microphone, by its absolute fair¬ for the student in two ways. Firstly, it permits his ness. It is the infallible mirror'of the artist’s work. elsewhere, are passages of this sort which are scarcely note together, and then continue the rest of the trill in I do not know. I retain the best ideas and mull over ness, tends to make artists of mere performers. And playable except as “false trills.” listening to the work of other performers ranging in kind “Take so elementary a thing as a singer’s breathing, the usual manner. If well done, the effect is wonderful. them. Then other ideas come, and soon there is a con¬ because of the inability to recall a sound, once it has from soloists to ensemble groupings of almost all possible which, if faulty, is noted in a concert hall by but a Ex. 22 trapuntal tapestry embellished by the tone ( l u s of the Exceptional Trills combinations. Secondly, it affords the opportunity of comparatively few people sitting close to the singer. gone ‘on the air,’ there has arisen the feeling that in a different orchestral instruments. By tin - time I am Obviously this faulty breathing means wasted effort and radio performance the performer must be constantly In Liszt’s very brilliant transcription of Mendelssohn’s presenting his own work to an audience that for size and possessed with a fever of the soul which is all-consum¬ a lessening of control and tonal quality on the part of ‘on his toes.’ This being ‘on one’s toes’ is eminently Wedding March occurs a trill in which the interval is variety is new to the world. Unfortunately, many stu¬ ing. If I am not disturbed, the more or !. nebulous dents place most value upon the latter opportunity. the singer. But through the radio microphone this characteristic of great artists, as witness Sarah Bern¬ for this effect, he hardt’s reply to a young actress who criticised the di¬ mass of themes begins to take form, like th t a hand¬ Unfortunately, because, if there is one fault cothmon to breathing will go “on the air’ to each listener exactly as vine Sarah for exhausting herself in an emotional some figure or that of a beautiful picture The whole all promising students, it is that they are inclined to if he were standing directly before the singer. Thence, thing is before me as in a beautiful, vital Team. The lay more emphasis upon what they have to offer than brought to the singer’s attention it may be corrected scene: ‘But, you see, you are not Sarah Bernhardt.’ remarkable thing is that when a composite lias devel¬ upon what they have yet to learn. Certainly this is a by intelligent study. The performer thus moves to¬ The Immense Radio Audience oped to this stage I do, not forget the detail This is natural tendency, and so evident in other lines of musical ward an ideal performance; that is to say, one in which perhaps the greatest gift that God has given to me. activity that it has called comment from many directing digital or vocal expertness in the mechanical sense is “Has radio anything else to offer the young artist After this I can be disturbed by external tlm :s without heads. combined with the ability to throw into that mechanical or artist-pupil? Let me answer that with a question. injury to my work. I can play with the i kens or skill all the interpretative intelligence the performer can What does it cost a singer to make a concert debut and Accent—The Life Pulse in Music the geese with Gretel and Barbel. I am m v empty¬ “In The Etude for October, 1923, Preston Ware Orem bring to bear upon it. what is the size of the audience; what does it cost a ing out of the reservoirs of my brain th. mgs that says: singer to radio a concert and what is the size of the By s. m. c. I have placed there. I get the notes down on paper An Irrevocable Record audience? Does radio have a bad effect upon concert Trills sometimes occur which, to attain force and bril¬ ‘“One of the greatest dangers of the young fairly fast and they rarely differ from my original mental attendance? Another question will answer. Do less liancy, are divided between the hands, especially double composer is the desire to rush into print too “By way of good measure, the microphone adds a quite conception that came at the moment of inspiration. I people attend the artist’s concert because his work is or triple trills. Trills in thirds or sixths in one hand are Ip the rank and file of music students could be im¬ soon. After finally mastering all the technical unique feature which is, that immediately upon picking always endeavor to make my works distinctive. That procurable in the form of phonograph records? It also found in difficult music; also trills in both hands at pressed with and made to understand the life-giving details, one must spoil much good music paper up a sound, it starts on the way to thousands upon is, I take care that they are Mozart, and not in the man¬ once. It is hardly necessary to state that in such cases power of accent,- the amount of monotonous, dreary, and before finally evolving anything which is much thousands of listeners. Once it strikes the microphone might be added further that there are singers whose both parts should move at exactly the same speed, and spiritless playing would be reduced immeasureably. The ner of some other composer, just as my nos.- is hig and more than a good pupil’s exercise.’ a sound can never be recalled. There comes to my present church positions are directly the results of radio fact is, however, that as a rule, they do not realize the long, unlike that of any other man." mind a radio performance which involved the use of performance. the execution should be clean-cut and accurate. “I quote Mr. Orem for a definite reason. Whereas, importance of this element which, when lacking, makes a reader with a musical background. This reader was “As to which voice or instrument goes ‘on the air’ in submitting manuscripts to a publisher the young Rate of Speed of the Trill playing, which might be technically correct in other re¬ How to Give a Musicals a person of great experience who felt that he knew at most advantageously to itself, there is none such. Bear spects, dull and uninteresting. composer can, at worst, prejudice but a few people and this in mind: any voice or instrument will radio well Although there is no absolutely fixed rule for the speed least how to turn pages. But in actual performance, is altogether unlikely to do even that, since his efforts if it is well used. Soprano, contralto, baritone, tenor, of trills, yet it is much more practical if one decides Perhaps teachers, as a rule, do not impress the im¬ as he stood before the microphone, this turning of By Russell Gilbert are submitted to an editor trained to catch, and to catch bass, violin, flute, trumpet, banjo; any voice; any instru¬ exactly how fast one intends to make any given trill— portance of accent upon their pupils, owing in many pages went ‘on the air’ like the sound of dishes being quickly, the good as welbas the bad features of a musi¬ ment; it is all the same. It is entirely the skill of the how many notes there are to be in it—and then sticks to cases to the fact that they themselves do not realize it rattled around in a sink. It was thus brought to this cal work; in the case of the radio performance the work performer that counts. Believe me, the microphone is it. For simplicity, the annotated editions generally use Even young beginners can, and should be taught the L Do not invite more people than the r can hold reader’s attention how this apparently so little thing meaning and use of accent and should be held strictly comfortably. To enjoy music your guests n • 1* able is presented to an audience of thousands upon thou¬ unsentimental, it has no prejudices, it is not snobbish. sixteenth notes, thirty-second notes, and so on according sands of people whose final dictum is that they either might detract from his performance in a hall or room to its observance in every measure, so that it becomes to see, to hear, and breathe freely. or even in the open air. It proved to him that there is It receives a jazz band with the same fairness that it to the tempo; but in the hands of very skillful players like a thing or they do not like it. They have no basis a trill will often sound all the better if the beat is divided second nature to them. Tell them that “accent is a special 2- P,!a“ the P'ano where it can he seen and where a extends to a symphony orchestra. stress or emphasis given to one particular tone or chord for their judgment other than their own likes and dis¬ “Regarding the placing of instruments in relation to into some odd number of notes, provided the speed is keyboard** W1" UP°n 1>0th ,he pia,"‘ r and the likes. Consequently the student should make sure of kept even and the trill ends at just the right point of in a group.’ Then read to them a paragraph from some the microphone, we find comparatively no difference in book with no particular stress on any word or syllable his work before presenting it to the radio audience. various arrangements. The chief thing to note here, time. A trill rhythm founded on triplet figures, as 3. Have the piano tuned and in good condition. “In the larger studios this problem is solved by the and they will never forget how utterly ridiculous and • ee t at a wide space is left free aroun i the piano. for soloists and groups alike, is to avoid any tendency musical directors; but even there the applicant will natu¬ to ‘crowd’ the microphone. The microphone is a sen¬ n0eaaccentSS read"lg °r Speaking becomes when there is Four pup,Is must not feel cramped. They cannot do rally be more kindly received if he shows a conscien¬ sitive thing, as sensitive as a demure little Miss with her • 1 S°JT1.eoae is inning behind their backs r peering tious effort in bringing out the best that is in him. Next apply this to the music lesson. Here it will be up into their faces. first beau. Keep that in mind, and you are pretty safe. necessary to distinguish between mensural and rhythmical These remarks should not be taken in a discouraging accent. The fundamental object of the former is to in ston ^tu 'S a> C'ock *n ,be ro°m either remove it or way. They are not so intended; and to make this appa¬ The Radio Future is sometimes of charming effect. d.cate the time-divisions called measures. This leads to thev L I n U?kmg is sure annoy your guests if rent I presume it would be better to make a few prac¬ * r at a •"i’yfhmical. “The future of the radio? Well, I am certainly no As we have said, a, trill should be in even time. It the distinction between primary and secondary accent tical observances regarding what radio performance should also be rapid enough to be brilliant, but not so rive Tfcf^Vu 3'r tbe room well before the guests ar- requires from the artist. prophet, but the influence of the radio is constantly the first falling on the first beat of the measure, wffile widening. It already means much to many people and rapid that the player is led to stumble in. performance. the second marks the entrance of a second or third com¬ heateH r! u '6 ,hc temperature above 65 . \n over- it means more every day. We are sufficiently busy with A trill low down on the keyboard need not be as rapid pound division of the measure, as in 6/8 or 9/8 time The Microphone 7 It L °m„ aS fm many a *uest «" sleep, the present and we act on the belief that we control as one high up; in fact it sounds better a little slow. an hour r. t0 haVe the Programme finish in less than “By way of properly focusing the discussion, let us °f a P,hra;se is indicated by rhythmic accent the future to the best by acting as conscientiously as There is one rare but very beautiful exception to the Whether the piece be fast or slow, soft or loud, legato first .consider the microphone, the instrument that picks possible in the present. Personally, I believe that within custom of an even trill, which sometimes may be used or staccato the principles of rhythmic accentual must up the sound and from which the sound is carried to twenty years radio will mean to the music world as in a slow cadence, especially in an antique style. In this, the broadcasting apparatus. In the microphone we have the trill begins slowly and gradually accelerates. No one ^needed'is needed 6to! outline the phrases.^ °"Whenly 3 asIi weak£h‘ emphasbeat r what is elsewhere described as a ‘supersensitive ear’ and much as and more than the telephone and telegraph mean to the business World to-day. Already we are should attempt this, however, until he has attained quires an accent to bring out some special note in the warm room refreshments. After sitting in a close, a model critic, constant, unemotional and not gullible.’ mastery of the whole subject of trilling, as when poorly carrying symphony concerts, organ recitals, music lec¬ melody, or to obtain some other pleasing effect, we use 10 Small Hfu S W!n b,ess a co,d Punch or an ice. So far as the microphone is concerned, whatever of art done it would sound absurd. what is called melodic accent. we Use the soloist has must be expressed in terms of sound and tures, opera, drama, concerts and dance programs to the farthermost rural stretches of the western hemis¬ Students sometimes find that their playing excites W and similar sinU7Lgers are wtVbest banisheda,S'. d?**' from Parr such°tS’ an‘‘““i*?’ affair. sound alone. There is a definite technic for the radio admiration than that ofnf their friends 5 Utes iess studio, just as there is a definite technic for the opera phere. We are also heard in Europe. A great future i„„ * .• , ----- — competitors, and for radio is assured. Just how it will be handled none it a loss to discover the reason. It would be we I for Strengthening the Fingers or the concert platform. i to examine their playine caref.dto ,or “Not so long ago opera singers were severely criticized can now say, but there is no reason to doubt that it will be handled well. By Jane Fellows for carrying the stage deportment of the opera upon the A Query Answered concert platform. One hears very little of such criti¬ “The possibilities of extending musical education through the radio are enormous. We have just com¬ What about a trill on a tied note? Is one to keep trill¬ cism today, because the opera singer who also appears I men^ura/'and rhUmL^cetosts^wdl ^ndTk bm ^"Sthening"t^Wer^R1 "'i f°Und hC,pfu' as a concert artist has learned to master the technic of pleted a series of lectures upon the history, characteris¬ ing or to leave the second note “plain?” Present-day they. will be surprised■ - to discoverS a$now we manv"’ an d^ doubtless, any flat surface Rcst ‘he hand on a table, or tics and use of all the instruments of the modern sym¬ composers, in order to leave no doubt in the mind of the the concert platform. Getting back to the microphone, never noticed before. Benner, „nd",d”’ *£ fingers straight Wanri dm downwards.ownwards- Have I hc phony orchestra. The lectures were illustrated by player, continue a wavy line over all the notes to be it is sufficiently important to bear repetition that the it a point, year in and year out, to observe ... high a ™ S',ghtIy separated. Raise each f excerpts from standard symphonic scores. trilled; but the older masters trusted more to the judg¬ microphone transmits sound, and nothing but sound. every kind, which will relieve their _i- • , accents of not to bend the fine/1 e at *east ten t,mes, taking care Smiles, gestures, the play of a graceful body, the light “Mr. A. S. Garbett, formerly assistant editor of ment of the player. We may say, with fair certainty, monotony, and give P aymg of dead-level that the fourth fin^ ** tbe knuck,cs- It will be noticed The Etude, has just completed a series of educational that if the second note is short and on an accented beat, desired vitality. of the.eye, mean nothing here. Everything must be put into the musical rendition itself. That this can be done musical lectures from San Francisco broadcasting sta¬ it does not continue the trill, but if both notes are long; tions. Work of this kind will, be expanded in the it does. As an example of the first, we quote a couple The Cover of the Februai _w y is proven by the fact that many teachers have remarked future for the great advantage of American musical of measures from a Bach Fugue (W. T. C. II, 15); the improvement in the work of their artist-pupils due Puccini, the greatest modernrlL Italian handsome portrait of the late Giacomo to this enforced concentration upon the sheer sound they VICTOR SAUDEK education. master of opera since Verdi. THE etude JANUARY 1925 Page 17 Page 16 JANUARY 1925 T11E ETUDE The Fear ofHack Notes Radio Limitations “While radio imposes restrictions upon the performer, By C. Frawley Thurston restrictions that tend to sharpen the performer’s technic, The Teachers’ Round Table on the other hand it offers a distinct and unique advan¬ „„„ vcrv often do the very thing lie should not Conducted by PROF. CLARENCE G. HAMILTON, M.A. tage. This advantage grows out of the fact that radio, With my advanced pupils, nothing ever gave m°re that is give the car gas. The pupil, seeing the diffIcut t_with more than any other musical institution, is identified with trouble than sight reading. The slow Pas*ag“ after gliding over long half and whole notes, acts very ’ Accidentals, This department is designed to help the teacher upon questions pertaining to “How to Teach, ’ ’ “ What to Teach, ” etc., and not technical the home and the fireside. The point that I wish to large open notes they executed with ease. Acci much in the same way. Instead of retarding the tempo make here is that this atmosphere of home is not only such as found in the music of MacDowell, did not he rushes the slow movement, and finds lumself on the problems pertaining to Musical Theory, History, etc., all of which properly belong to the Musical Questions Answered at the receiving end of the radio, but also at the broad¬ them much concern. These they would play very otten rocks before the difficulty is actually reached. department. Full name and address must accompany all inquiries casting end. Briefly, the broadcasting studio is furnished group of with an amazing precision. But as -— ~ , My method to correct this tendency is simplicity precisely as homes are furnished and the artist may have closely placed sixteenth and sixty-fourth notes ma Bi-Weekly Lessons All the dexterity and fluency that one can acquire in Value of the Grace-Note at hand during the recital such relatives, friends and itself. I tell the pupil to look for the “black notes” their appearance, even though but a simple arpeggio If it happens to be an arpeggio. I ask him in what key piano study will come in handy for the organist; so that My father and I have been discussing the grace- teachers (in reasonable number of course) as he has that lay right beneath his hands, the player took stage I advise you to study piano through the regular channels. note, he claiming that it has some time-value and is been accustomed to rely upon for that moral support and it is To this request he then gives the letter name that one lesson each week is too counted as a part of the beat, while I claim that fright, looked wildly at the notes, fumbled, and gave of each note. Very often this will suffice; but wjth children to take during the school > It might be well, however, to prepare for organ work by it has no part of the beat whatever. Please decide encouragement that means so much especially to the reeks. Would you accept the question.—F. N. up the task as impossible. some of Lizst’s music, I go so far as to ask the pupil -—,te provoi;e(’ — stressing Bach and Mendelssohn, who are the leading comparatively inexperienced performer. It is one thing I made up my mind to prevent this mishap, and gave it s pupils, 01- to have friends and associates in the audience; but the to copy the difficult notes down on paper. ie other the next. classic organ composers. I’m afraid I must support your father in this ques¬ long and continued thought. Merely to have the pupil advantage of having them at one’s side during the actual “Why do I do this?” you may ask. Simply to make ■ to accept such tion. If a note is sounded at all, it must have some look over the music before attempting to play it, as performance itself is certainly no negligible factor. the youngsters concentrate. The principle is illustrated time-value, however slight. The shortest staccato, for recommended by most teachers, did not suffice. I found "It is our aim here in Pittsburgh, and, from what I by the average person looking at a sunflower. He secs It might have an enlightening effect on parents if you Studies for Beginners instance, endures for a small fraction of a second. nine out of ten pupils merely pretend to look over the have seen on my visits to the major studios elsewhere, a-large black centre, a large convex pad, from which drew their attention to the small amount of supervision The “grace-note,” technically called the acciaccatura, notes. If they actually do, they pay as much attention vould you recommend for a very slow it is also their aim, to extend as cordial a hand as possi¬ radiate yellow leaves. If he looks more closely, he which is customarily given piano work in proportion to has completed Presser’s Beginner’s is really a shortened form of the appoggiatura. In its to the easy parts as they do those that are apt to cause ble to aspiring young musicians. It is safe to say that will recognize that it is a composite flower, and that that devoted to other school studies. Take arithmetic, original use the latter consists of a small note, written difficulty. The result is they gain nothing from the there is scarcely a young musician of promise in the the pad is studded with myriads of little stars, each one for instance. In school, the child’s work is constantly just before a principal note and occupying a half (or procedure whatever. If he has small hands, try Lemoine’s Fifty Juvenile vicinity of Pittsburgh whom we have not succeeded in under the teacher’s eye for five days in the week. Ex¬ sometimes two-thirds) of its time. Thus in Mozart’s After watching pupils over and over again, I came a little flower by itself. The sunflower he discovers Studies, Op. 37, or Burgmiiller’s Twenty-five Easy and exploiting to advantage before the radio audience. amples are daily corrected and explained, so that the pu¬ Sonata in A Minor, the following passage, with the to the conclusion that closely set black notes appeared is not a single flower but a veritable garden full of Progressive Studies, Op. 100. The three books of Loesch- “Perhaps a remark regarding radio and the teachers pil is given no opportunity to get hopelessly befogged to them very much as a hole in the pavement appears little ones. horn, Op. 65, consist of a series of melodious and pro¬ appoggiatura at the sign *: of music in its varied branches will be not out of place. over them. But contrast this condition with piano study 1 to an automobilist. The automobilist jams on his In the same way. the pupil’s concent ration breaks up gressive studies that begin in the key of C and advance There is no question that radio has functioned in Daily practice of an hour or more is supervised by the brakes and, with the slackened motion, glides over the the unity of what before seemed a black mass of notes, through several of the simpler keys, with a group of Ex. 1 the past to the benefit of those teachers whose hearts are teacher only a half or three-quarters of an hour per depression without much of a jar. If, however, the and. recognizing each for itself, plays them as they studies in each of these keys. p I""! | T-pr--^ . j in their work and who make it a practice to develop their week; and for the remaining days the child is allowed l,r r- r~ hole appears suddenly when he does not expect it, lie should be played. —i— pupils in an intelligent and artistic way. to go as he pleases, learning wrong notes and rhythms, “It frequently happens that we are able to devote a and forgetting during the week a large proportion of whole program to the pupils of a particular studio. Miss Lena Cums, a piano teacher of Gardnersville, N. Y., is played thus: The Body Touch what has been told him. Is it not evident that if he goes writes that she stimulated interest among her pupils This means necessarily that this particular studio must without a lesson for two long weeks, the situation be¬ have developed a number of pupils whose ability has by awarding a gold star for each especially well-pre¬ Ex. 2 By Ernest J. Farmer comes hopeless? pared lesson. Last year, she says, the youngest member reached the point of warranting their public presen¬ My answer is, therefore, that you would do well to of her class won the greatest number of these stars, and i j r n. tation. Studios that have not yet reached such a point refuse bi-weekly pupils, unless driven to take them by M Although the various arm movements in piano play¬ of rotary movement. Single notes are less easy still, was rewarded by a birthday party, at which games and of attainment are thus by the spirit of emulation urged dire need, or unless their mothers are able to look after ing have been very fully discussed and analyzed, so but soon come after one learns not to use too much a musical program were leading features. A teacher who Probably during the seventeenth century, the appog¬ to renewed efforts, with resultant artistic profit to their practice properly; for otherwise the probability is little has been said about the use of the body that many body impulse and thus get out of balance. thus encourages friendly rivalry and a healthy group giatura was sometimes played very quickly; and in this teachers and pupils alike. And in the long run financial that the pupils will accomplish little or nothing, and you players and teachers give it no thought. Unless decid¬ The greatest value of the body touch is not in its spirit in her pupils is sure to be a success! case a short oblique line (the sign for diminished value) advancement moves along closely behind artistic progress. will, of course, be held responsible for lack of good re¬ edly lacking in temperament, they do use the body increasing the range of tone between pp and ff, but in I should be glad to have other members of the Round was drawn through its stem. Thus in Mozart’s Rondo There may be exceptions to this, to be sure; but evi¬ sults. Why not have a frank talk with parents, and pre¬ touch, but unsystematically and insufficiently. the power it gives of intensifying tin great climaxing Table send accounts of any such devices which they have in D Major, the first two measures: dence seems to substantiate the rule. It is a great pleas¬ sent the facts that I have outlined? Perhaps they may ure to find advanced pupils in the various studios being The most obvious, but not the most important, use of accents of musical phrases or periods and of adding found of assistance in arousing and holding the interest then see daylight in the matter! spurred on to renewed efforts by virtue of the possibility the body touch is in fortissimo two-hand chords. The impressiveness to quiet but emotional passages. In the of their pupils. of their presenting an^ outstanding radio performance. power that may be obtained from even a small upright favorite A-Major Polonaise of Chopin one may do very For an outstanding radio performance, like any other piano by this means is a revelation to many players. The well without it up to the last eight measures. But now Standards of Attainment arresting achievement, finds its reward in time.” fingers are formed touching the keys, the body is swung comes the fourth or sixth entry, according to whether When to Begin Technic slightly forward, at the right instant the weight is one observes the repeats or not, of that ;>crk>d. One How nearly perfect should a child play his little pieces and studies before taking up others in his 1. Is it necessary to teach the two-finger exer¬ caught sharply on the fingertips so that the body is must do something special. It works very well to use cises to children? Do you think the proppr time thrown back and the whole weighty impulse is trans¬ the body quite powerfully at the beginning of each of piece more than three or four lessons if it seems to give them would be after Presser's Beginner’s Pointers on Beginner’s Practice formed into tone. The movement is, for all the world, impossible for him to play it without mistakes or Book, has been completed? Could the same results the first six of these measures, and then for each beat stumbling? be obtained by careful study and use of fingers In like that which one uses naturally in opening a door of the last two. This touch is very useful in the noc¬ little studies and pieces? are played thus: that sticks. As much larger muscles than those of the 2. Would you advise giving scales to children By W. L. Clark turnes, quite subtly of course, on some of the more It is a mistake to keep a pupil drudging away at ma¬ with the Presser’s Beginner’s Book, or wait till arms are used, the body touch is remarkably effortless, terial that is evidently unfitted for him, in any grade. that has been _ completed ? Thc pedagogy < Ex.4 _ poignantly expressive, stressed notes. n which I dusted ii and the tone produced, pure as well as rich. If a study or piece is perfectly practicable for a pupil, .- -J1 the school fron 1. Spend a goodly portion of the practice period in In teaching, one may introduce the body touch in its need scales as soon as the A slow, gentle movement gives great impressiveness and especially if he likes it, he should be urged to learn ilf steps were learned. scale practice. Scale playing gives easy, graceful exe- easiest form in the second or even in the first term. 3. When should the < to soft chords. In the popular Rachmaninoff Prelude it thoroughly, and even memorize it. But if another piece Modern teachers know that early mastery of the upper- the chords marked ppp may be played with the bodv proves dry or too difficult after it has been given a fair 2. Spend considerable time on left hand practice. Make arm movements keeps the upjx-r arm free and is an but the melodic octaves with the arm alone for greater trial, do not push it to the point of exasperation, but let The child’s technical work, in my opinion, should be¬ the left hand do its share of work from the very begin¬ important factor in gaining freedom in the wrist. ning. mcisiveness. Not many succeed in subduing the body it be quietly dropped in favor of more promising material. gin at the very outset. He should be taught immediately touch enough for this passage, but it can be done Mastery of the body movements makes tin- whole poise 3. Practice silent note reading; then reading notes The teacher is the doctor, and should take care that his to hold his hands correctly, and then little exercises One-hand chords are less easy, but come naturally more elastic and easy and shows a strong reflex effect aloud. This will develop accuracy. medicine is really beneficial to the patient, otherwise it should be given which will properly train his fingers for Accordingly, the “grace-note” has a small time-value, enough after one has practiced two-hand chords for a in all phases of technic. It is not particularly hard to 4. Devote a few. moments to counting aloud. Make should be discarded. their future tasks. As soon as he is able to execute cor¬ which it takes from the note by which it is immedi¬ while. It is possible to get quite rapid alternating-hand get, not nearly so hard as the independent finger move¬ counting aloud a definite part of the practice period. rectly exercises with a single position of the hands, he ately followed, and to which it is regularly attached by passages with tremendous bravura effect by using a kind ment with which the older teachers formerly began. 5. Give a definite amount of time to some one exer¬ should be taught to put the thumb under the other fingers a short slur. by such exercises as the following: cise that you would like to master. By learning one Methods of Touch well, the same will be done for others. Stiff Wrists Mr. L. M. asks for a list of books on piano touches, Concerts in Africa Ex l Right Hand I nm troubled with stiff wrists. I cannot play and how to use them. nr any length of time without stiffening. I find There is so much controversy among high authorities t almost impossible to relax. Will you tell me By Joseph George Jacobson ^L J i-lint exercises I should use, and how I should go When Practice is Practice as to the correct method of manipulating the piano keys, yu n ti•wr 1J -J- bout it?—II. G. N. WhiiLE touring m South Africa with a well-known that it would be impossible to cite any one book as an You should learn first to relax, and then to employ By Vaughtie C. Alexander artist we often took flying trips off the beaten track town by means of a huge placard held in front of hi absolute standard. I therefore append a list of books by Left Hand and arranged entertainments in smaller towns In the inc placard said tliat our concert was “the greatest eve leading teachers. The thoughtful student will read what rrr=b=f thc hand toucli in your playing. For the latter, consult Transvaal, especially, many people had no idea whnt '« ‘he annals of the town!” each one of them has to say, and his will then use bis thc Round Table in the Etudes of May and June, 1924. The right way to practice is to think how you are to concert was. We received notice one day to play at a After all, relaxing thc wrists is a purely psychological play every note before you play it—to know what you n,thc .haU the townsmen came-all shades of coi own common sense in choosing what seems best. The little place. B-; and at dawn a two-wheeled cart with 2ll,M0nL ro™ ^le whitest Caucasian t.» the black< books are listed alphabetically: matter. One has first to relax them in the brain, and arc playing. four frisky Basuto ponies pulled up in front of , This work prepares for the scales, which should now then to keep enough attention focused on them while Zulu. After the firs, solo, no, a soul stirred nor applau Bree, Malvina: Principles of thc Leschetisky Method. When the fingers run away from the mind, the play¬ hotel. We had a grand ride across the veldt but t b< begin in their simplest forms. playing to avoid stiffening them again. more rrv y s,arcd a< “Perhaps the audience Campbell. L. B.: Relaxation in Piano Playing. ing becomes haphazard, and all artistic effect is de¬ came very .tiresome, as it took nearly all day. We had Let each pupil have a book of music manuscript and Sit near a table and hold your forearms horizontally better tak* "a" think-" > said to my friend; Grabill, E. W.: The Mechanics of Piano Technic. stroyed. Just tune to dmc, dress and walk to the hall " bring it to each lesson. In it you can write down such before you, letting your hands hang down from your the nevt C morc„Pajns.” Again silence reigned durt Hambourg, Mark: How to Play thc Piano. After practicing thoughtfully, if your fingers respond What was our amazement to find that not a ■ i simple exercises as the above; and you should teach him wrists like clothes on a clothes line. Now let your arms I minvl* I1”"-*. |‘eelil,8 uneasy.at this uncanny behavr Matthay, Tobias: The Act of Touch. readily to your mind then you may safely let feeling chair had been placed in the room for the public 'to sit to begin his practice every day by this purely technical gradually descend till your hands He limply in your Matthay, Tobias: First Principles of Pianoforte Play¬ help direct them. the lmisir ",,h thc a,,dic"r' inquiring whether they hk drill. Scales are the alphabet of music, and their mas¬ lap. Raise the forearms again, with the hands still ing. To practice well is to play consciously at every instant maiksmarks noon TT’the floor, squares^ about °twoUr attenti and a°" halfto chalk 7 . h«v3 Z "0t Thc waa they though. tery cannot begin too soon. loosely hanging; extend the arms forward and let the Smith, Macdonald: From Brain to Keyboard. the right note at the right time. A mistake which you large, each one numbered. The public wollld J7**'* I'laud o^’ mV"' "0t surc if »1P> werc alIoWcd ,0 S hands come down on the table-top. Repeat these motions Venable, Mary: Thc Interpretation of Piano Music. hear and do not correct does you a wrong; for a fault squares. A negro boy, perched on a little dnnll" , means U 3 n,'isc- 1 "dd ‘hem to do so by about twenty times a day. is a fault, whether it is noticed by others or not. bravura orCreupon ‘he opposite took place. At eve Wells, Howard: Ears, Brain and Fingers. ringing a large bell, announced “J “Let no composer, be he never so poor in spirit or rich Then, when you play, approach the keys with the Listen carefully to find out where and what you play ing and'srr rCS.Ccndo ff^sage they started such a hoe The same correspondent adds: in sympathy, abstain from any legend, providing only same loose hands, and strive to keep them steadily in falsely. Then the ear will not be careless, you will g and screaming that the manager had to quiet the it gives him the chance to sing of life as he has known the same condition. When you finish, raise the wrists learn to appreciate correctness and beauty, and will give “What the Musician Should Know About Busint it, and known it so poignantly that he is not dissuaded up first and place the hands in the lap as before. Tims yourself much pleasure. rain accord- comes from a musician who has gone s indifferent even by the greatness of those who have preceded him.” you will start right and end right, and, we will hope, 7obu!b2T„?TT,• " February‘,E,u‘l‘ t have any siguifieau n regard to will continue in the properly plastic condition. and made a great success. organ playing? —Rutland Bougiiton. JANUARY 1925 Page 19. THE ETUDE THE ETUDE A NEGLECTED PEDAGOG Page 18 JANUARY 1925 Not many people could say offhand who Why Is There So Much Bad Time? THE VAUDEVILLE ORCHESTRA s “the father of modern Spanish music,” By the Well-Known English Writer Upon Music CONDUCTOR n spite of the increased interest in Span- If the music of vaudeville is trivial, sh music engendered by the works of At- J. PERCY BAKER apparently the duties of the orchestra The Musical Scrap Book beniz and Granados. “To be the origina¬ leader are not. In addition to being tor of a movement has its tragedy as well Anything and Everything, as Long as it is Instruc Editor's Note—Mr. Baker was born in London, in 1859. He was edu¬ editor of the ‘‘Musical News,” of London. Since 1886 he has been Secre¬ able to play violin or piano—and prefer¬ as its glory,” says Eric Blon in the London Musical Opinion. “It takes a serious, un- cated privately and studied music at the Royal Academy of Music, receiving tary of the Musical Association, the oldest learned society devoted to music ably both—he has to be an “extremely and Interesting in the world. He was formerly chairman, and is now Vice-President capable musician,” says Edward Renton egotistic, ideal-minded scholar such as the distinction, fellow of the Royal Academy of Music, and later the degree in his book: “The Vaudeville Theatre- Conducted by A. S. GARBETT Felipe Pedrell, the father of the modern of Mus.B. from Durham University. He is the author of innumerable of the London Musical Competition, the largest organization of its kind Building, Operation and Management.” Spanish School, to endure calmly the mor¬ articles and short books upon music, all with a high degree of readability in the United Kingdom. Ifis services arc greatly in demand as an “Sometimes he has to possess almost tification of the comparative obscurity, il- and marked with his practical musical scholarship, for many years he was adjudicator. The following article is most practical. clairvoyant powers to interpret the needs lumined by faint rays of a glory that is of some acts,” this author continues. "He mainly the reflex of other people’s suc¬ One often comes across the assertion that the instinct length of the sixteenth note that follows it, the reason must move independently, each on its own plane. Pul¬ and his musicians will frequently have to WILLEM MENGELBERG, CONDUCTOR cesses, which has ever been the leader’s being that the notation does not convey any precise or sation persists even if sound ceases ; it is a thing which contend with poorly written, almost il¬ for correct time and exact rhythm is inherent in human lot in music. nature. Whether this is a fact is, however, open to accurate impression to the brain, which of course can¬ we feel but cannot hear; it is the heart throb of music. legible music; it often reaches him torn, Mengelberg’s decided success as con- ‘Don Juan is not a Jfeaklf‘ “Pedrell was born in 1841 at Tortosa Mengelberg’s decided success as con- uon of llm„ -he is doubt. It is perfectly true that many uncivilized peo¬ not give out what it has not. It is inherent in a composition when as yet that has no blotted, pencilled and erased until it is ductor of the New York Philharmonic beg-your-pa ^ upwar(i u, in Catalonia, came a generation ahead of ples, whose ideas of melody are quite rudimentary, ex¬ It is no use trying to correct the deficiency by show¬ being apart from the brain of its composer. It is difficult to recognize it as music at all. It gives weight to the following description ^ f {h National Sym- those destined to profit, not only by the ing the pupil how to do it, and then leaving him to copy purely subjective. The objective part of music is not is often the case that an act does not hibit the most marvelous exactitude in their rendering of his method by D. W. Sinclair, an the ^ every adoption of his sound principles, but also you, great as may be the temptation to take a fancied what we feel but what we hear, the occurrence of bring any music, merely desiring a quick of various rhythms; but that of itself does not prove American musician, who has played under phony = r P blu hes from the by the avoidance of his failings. And when short-cut. Imitation may be the sincerest form of flat¬ sounds of definite pitch and the grouping of these little waltz or march for opening and that this aptitude is natural or anything else than the his baton. It is from Mr. Sinclair’s day!’ ^Ppi-opr.ate bush ^ he retired, in proud disillusionment, to his tery, but it is one of the basest methods of teaching. sounds according to definite relationships of proportion¬ closing a sketch, or asking the orchestra result of frequent and painstaking practice from child¬ article on “Six Orchestral Conduc- harpist, tat ^M^stival Over- native province, he already found himself Real correction must proceed from within. It is no ate value. When these relationships are, in perform¬ to ‘fake’ this or that throughout an acro¬ hood. It is also true, on the other' hand, that com¬ which appeared h, TH, fallen a generation behind his time, his doubt necessary sometimes to give an illustration of ance, exhibited accurately in connection with the beat, batic act, or during some ‘business.’ It paratively few, even amongst musicians, are able to teaching usurped and improved upon by maintain strict time, without extraneous aid. Singers, • how things should be done; but this method should be we get good and rhythmical time. follows that the leader must be adept at ""Selber* „ ,h. „ *. *. - ..ee, f. - , 8^ others, foremost among them Albeniz, choosing a suitable number in keeping in the effort to show off their voices, frequently twist the employed sparingly and should always be of such char¬ drill masters; his knowledge of orches- are professors-Klry£ bv making Granados and Manuel de Falla. He had, The Musical Pulse with the spirit of the act. It also fol¬ time into a travesty of the original, apparently with¬ acter and extent as will suffice to put the pupil in the tral instruments and effects is microscop- accompanying Scaffold March in with too self-sacrificing a generosity, be¬ lows that the orchestra must be able to out being sensible of what they are doing or of the way of doing things for himself. To educate means to It is by no means necessary to trouble a beginner with Rally complete. For another thing, he faces For toAmjWM M,arch stowed his inheritance long before his de¬ draw out and to develop latent potentialities, and all such terms as subjective and objective, which are rather ‘fake’ in good harmony. So far as the combines all sorts of temperaments in the Symphome FantasUque he yel.e acute pain they are thereby inflicting upon their audi¬ author knows, there is no field of musical cease.” ence. Of course, in an artistic performance, no one instruction should be strictly proportioned to that end. for the teacher, and it is desirable always to use the endeavor requiring quite so much versa¬ one; he has thoroughly assimilated the 'Y°“ must p!ay(!lk efn ,022" of Mahler’s Pedrell was (or since lie is still living wants metronomic exactness; but the point is that few simplest possible language in instructing young people; romantic, the precise, the energetic, the “The product.on ; " Composers Partly Responsible tility, all-around ability, patience and according to last accounts, still is) wholly could give it, even where it is desired. A very simple hut it is essential never to speak of beats as if they were tender, the ruthless. Again, he has ob- great Third Sy™pho y fur^hcd J.'™ self-taught in music. He Uv.ime professor synonymous with, for example, quarter notes. The pupil general musical knowledge as that of the viously devoted time to study as well as with no end of opportunity^ The flower experiment will demonstrate the truth of this assertion. It must be acknowledged that composers of pieces for of Musical History and Aesthetics at the should be made to understand that in music, as in healthy vaudeville orchestra.” conducting, for he is wonderfully pene- movement was no p y In a mixed company partially or wholly composed of the young have much for which to answer. The music Royal Conservatory of Madrid, and in heart action, the pulsation is regular, and that it is trating in getting the last drop of blood enough. No, said Menge g, persons who are supposed to have learned music, let may be artistically suitable to the youthful compre¬ 1894 was made a member 1 the Spanish independent of sound, accented or not. In an ideal “The player should have ten times more from the music before him. Further holding up a pitying finger- but he four measures of common time be played in strict time. hension, technically it may not be beyond little fingers, Academy. "His editorial w.uk in regards method of learning music, the little child can absorb technic than is required for the piece." still, when he is free of hurry and irri- poor little flower must die! And Me Then give four measures of absolute silence during and the rhythm may be well marked; but the whole —Fannie Bloomfield Zeisler. tation he simply radiates, almost exudes, E-flat clarinetist failing to achieve the to old Spanish music is of the highest which they are to count to themselves, and at the end thing is marred by the complicated relations of note many practical facts of music in the same way as lie a free sympathy with his musicians, their needed raucousness in the ensuing amma value,” says Baker, and • .1 -indent of of which they are to give a signal to the pianist to values employed. The child mind, however swift in learns to speak, that is, by using his voice. It is easy for WAGNER LIKED HORSES capabilities and their problems.... picture: ‘You are supposed to be a donkey folk-lore he stands very high." He has resume, by saying “Now” or. “One” or whatever may action when dealing with familiar things, is not and him thus to become familiar at quite an early age with published numerous work-- Spanish on cannot lie quick at absorbing and coordinating new ex¬ the fundamental regularity and inevitability of the beat, In an article on Wagner in The Chau- “Once, preparing Strauss’ Don Juan he —and you play like a lady-donkey. he agreed upon. The signals will not be simultaneous. without any conscious effort on his part. However, in tauquan, R. A. Coan reminds us again of get from the orchestra the enor- “Nothing is left out of Mengelbergs these subjects, is the composer of several Impulsive people will be a little before, stolid ones a periences. Therefore, the piece, liecause it represents operas, and above all has been a great little behind the exact moment. In truth it is more nothing to the mind, ends in weariness and failure, hav¬ the majority of instances the piano teacher has to do the Wagner’s love of animals together with luuua power that rwoco ...' that, superb score, conception of art; everything is grist to teacher, his best known pupil living, per¬ difficult than is commonly supposed to count silent bars ing done more harm than good. Practical teaching of best that the limited time of the lesson and other circum¬ other human qualities the great com¬ He shook his fist in the a ' and burst out, his mill.” poser possessed. “Of his personality,” haps, Albeniz, later a pupil of Liszt. with exactitude; yet if the instinct for rhythm is in¬ time and rhythm ought to proceed by degrees from the stances will permit. Lucky is he if he has not to undo says Mr. Coan, “certain outstanding mani¬ Recent investigators in the comparatively herent in human nature, this difficulty ought to have most elementary to the more difficult. Theoretically another’s worst 1 festations deserve notice. His was a little known field of Spanish music delight no existence. everyone will agree to such an axiomatic proposition; Without describing in detail a method of teaching pul¬ MUSIC AND MAGIC in practice it is often ignored. sation, which would require a book adequately to carry wonderful sense of humor—the aura of an to do him honor. The Pupil Who Cannot Keep Time The fundamental truth needs to be grasped, as much out, the following suggestions outline a procedure which undying youthfulness of spirit. Nowhere We have long been of the opinion that forging his sword, sings and enumerates Every teacher of music is familiar with the new by the teacher as by the pupil, that the pulsation of will enable pupils to approach a difficult subject with do we see this better displayed than in “music is magic,” but now comes an inter¬ the qualities of the blade, when Jeannette, “Not all attractive women are good pupil who cannot keep time, and who seems to be totally music and the actual sounds that are heard are two dis¬ some degree of intellectual grasp. In the first place, it his letters to Minna, his first wife. Ill in esting restatement of the fact from a Pro¬ as she sews, says ‘Cours mon aiguille, women—and not all attractive music is ignorant, not only of the precise proportions of note tinct things. The one is the life, the soul, what you should be pointed out that beats cannot be heard; one body, harassed by financial difficulties, fessor of the History of Music at the dans la taine,’ etc., they are performing good music." values to one another but also of the pulsation of music, will; the other is but the tangible body which clothes tormented by the jealous upbraiding of College of France, Jules Combarieu, who acts reduced to meaningless symbols with¬ can only feel them. It has been found advantageous to a far more, important matter. Such a pupil has been the soul. They must always be kept separate in our his wife, he yet could reply to her in such quotes Wagner in support, in his book, out efficacy, but imitated from ancient take a blank music staff and to mark above it the occur¬ SUCCESS AS AN OPERA SINGER taught—save the mark!—by a teacher who either can¬ minds, and although necessarily united in performance, rence of the beats in some such way as this:— tender, vivacious, humorous strain as is Music: Its Laws and Evolution. magic. Lastly, we see how the two ex¬ found nowhere else in epistolary literature, not detect bad time or else is unable to teach good time, “What a strange history is that of mu¬ tremes of history link themselves together. More than a good voire is needed for Pig. I save possibly in the unmatched letters of success in opera; more, e\- than histri¬ possibly both. There are so many pupils of this type sic !” he exclaims. “Everywhere in all the “What do we discover at the very begin¬ Stevenson... .These letters also reveal his onic ability, personal magnetism and that one can but deduce that wrong methods are at ages, one sees in it something mysterious the root of the trouble. It is not that the pupil cannot love for animals. Almost every one con¬ ning of musical history ? Myths, ascribing sheer beauty, according to «icraldine Far¬ and inexplicable, which places it outside rattle off that “four sixteenth notes equal one quarter tains references to ‘Fips,’ their dog, and the other forms of human activity. At the to music divine origins and incantations. rar, who possesses all these gifts in Make the marks as equidistant as possible, and at first note,” and all the rest of the phraseology of the text¬ Jacquot, their parrot. This love for brute present time, even, when we call to our aid Now this is how the greatest musician of abundance. Writing her own biography, do not place any clef or bar-lines, which can be added books, but that he or she is totally unable to put those beasts is beautifully expressed in his letter all the resources of our ‘sciences,’ we are yesterday expresses himself: she says: "I have been asked in sum¬ later. Get the pupil, or the class, as the case may be, to statements to the practical proof of applying them to to Minna from Paris: ‘Ah, God, how I’m unable to explain clearly what it is that ‘“The power of the composer,’ says ming up these experiences • f my artistic clap hands softly but quite steadily. When this can be the actual study of music. longing for a last den of one s own. Only moves us when we listen to a beautiful air career, so far, if it has all been worth done reliably, clapping should be superseded by singing Richard Wagner, ‘is naught else than that Possibly it is this practical deficiency that will afford take care of Jacquot; one must have a Lah to any convenient pitch. Then explain that the beats of eight bars; and the modern human mind, of the magician. It is really in a state of while. From my point of view, yes. the clue to its cause. Is it not the case that a great couple of good dogs then, and if possible are usually grouped in twos, threes, or fours, the group¬ though freed from many superstitions, is enchantment that we listen to one of She then adds some reservations. “It's- deal of so-called teaching of time consists in the teach¬ also a horse. In the streets here I do most ing being shown, for convenience sake, by means of bar- often obliged to speak in the same lan¬ Beethoven’s symphonies.’ however, distinctly not worth while, to ing of notation; just that and nothing more? The pu¬ of my talking with horses, for instance, lines which you now add so as to produce four bars of guage as that of primitive folk. “Is this the brilliant epigram of a writer my mind, unless Fortune smiles upon you pil’s head is cluttered up with a great deal of knowledge, on the cab-stand. When the good beasts duple time. In place of Lah, the pupil can now sing, “Our operas, and the whole of our reli¬ in abundance, for art is not the medium indispensable to any musician of however humble a type, flinch, prick up their ears, shake their such as we often find in musical criticism? “one, two; one, two;” and so on. This naturally leads gious music, may be considered as a sur¬ stratum of life, hut its flowered inspira¬ but which should be imparted gradually and carefully heads, and begin stamping their feet, No; rather it is the phrase of an artist, a the way to three pulses and four pulses in a bar, each tion and emotional poetry; it demands as the. mastery of each musical fact leads on to a fresh 1 ’m as pleased as a child. I’ve quite taken vival of magic. When Siegfried, while philosopher, and an historian all in one." example consisting of tour measures, and being dealt and obtains its sacrifices and sorrows one, in an ever-widening experience. But, observe that the dear omnibus horses to my heart!’ with by steps exactly as in duple time. “One wonders what Wagner would say which modify and chasten its glory, and it must be mastery over the fact itself and not merely When the pupil, or the class, is able to clap or to sing to a modern taxicab! It is a fact, how¬ your own soul best knows the toll you pay- over its presentation on paper. “Personally, I would not encourage the the pulsation without a fault,' the next step is the ever, that quite a menagerie of animals WAGNER’S DRESSING GOWN It is a truism that knowledge of the thing, whatever graduate of the church choir, or the recognition of examples played by the teacher; it having appear in his operas, and whenever they it may be, must precede knowledge of its name and still Everybody knows that Wagner had a into a raised facing (or garnitur youthful miss with the pretty voice and more of its notation. This truism is so often repeated been previously explained that in listening to music the do so the music improves. The Farewell passion for luxury. In his life of this ot the front part. Study the the smug mind, to embark upon a grand- now-a-days that it has become platitudinous, and un¬ place of the bar-line is taken by the accent. Here it is tc the Swan in Lohengrin, the birds and great composer, Henry T. Finck quotes carefully: at the bottom facing c opera career, such as I have come to fortunately people have a habit of ignoring platitudes of importance that a uniform length of note should be beasts in Siegfried, inspired some of the the following letter in which the master which must be worked in a p; understand it. By that. I mean the simply because their truth is indisputable. Consequently, used, one sound to each pulse, without prolongation or best of his music; and certainly his love orders his dressing-gown: beautiful manner is to spread 01 exceptional career that demands the big there are still thousands of' so-called teachers, perfectly division, as children are very prone to forsake the beat of horses cropped up in Die Walkurc “Pink satin stuffed with eiderdown and sides to have an ell in width outlook and risk in all one attempts—the conscientious and well-intentioned, who go on drum¬ and try to count the sounds. The writer finds that they wherein we get a whole livery-stable full quilted in squares, like the grey and red rising to the waist, lose itself in sacrifices, the unceasing toil, the >f0fl ming into their helpless little charges, text-book form- constantly declare the following example, of wild horses. Brunnhilde and her steed coverlet I had of you; exactly the sub¬ constitution, invulnerable nerves, to say ■ulas about the relative value of notes, rests, dots, time Grani, are among the very best of Wag¬ stance, light, not heavy; of course with runs Tlf round Padded rUChi nothing of the financial security involved, signatures and so on, in the firm belief that they are ner’s characterizations. the upper and under material quilted Any American who fussed ovc according to the magnitude of the «nder' doing their best to enable them to keep time. It is together. Lined with light satin, six jfig-gown like this would be 1 taking. With the many who earn a com¬ just the reverse. The pupils may have all this lore widths at bottom therefore very wide. to be in two-time, which is proof of the youthful inabil¬ “We arc THE ETUDE nassages, so frequent in Liszt’s music, are to be played, THE MAIDEN’S WISH FRANZ LISZT rive at the contrasts in tone color which are necessary to hut such a one as occurs at the fifth measure after the make it really effective. It is really a most admirable next double bar must have some imagination behind it study in dynamics and what—for lack of any better word to give it color and effect, with of course, a slight —1 must call charm in performance. nuance leading into the theme, wh.ch on ,ts repetition Opening f, with a strongly-marked rhythmical impulse, should be played the passage marked acccUcrando should be free and bril¬ In Variation II the principal point is to attain as per¬ liant, with a slight diminuendo and holding-back before fect a legato as possible with clear articulation, combined the entry of the theme at A. This should be played with variety of color. In the second part, on the return boldly and f; at the repetition, an octave above, four of the theme an octave higher, a brightness of tone measures later, some diminishing of the tone should be should be aimed at, which disappears as the passages de¬ made, and it can be even taken p; at each recurrence of scend to the lower octaves. these four-measure phrases, there must be variety of In Variation III, the greater animation if Amntuto) color. Two measures before the entry at R, a slight must not be merely in the time itself, but also i„ the nuance should be made, leading gently into the dolce actual performance, and the increase in tone may already espressivo of the new theme. Marked “senza pedate,” commence on the repetition of the lirst eight measures. it will be found very dry without any pedal at all, and It should be brought to a climax at the entry of the a short pedal on the 2nd beat of the 3rd and 4th measures, theme ff. This should be taken with a shade more binding beats 2 and 3 together, is advisable After the breadth, especially at the rallcntando before the short ornamental passage in measure 13, the re-entry of the I/trace, which brings the piece to a highly effective con- subject should not be rigid; in fact, in the whole of this section B dotvn to the double bar, there should be that same elasticity and feeling for the phrase that there Self Test Questions on Miss Goodson's Article would be if one were singing the melody, instead of play¬ 1. In what was Lisst unique among musicians? ing it. This freedom also gives a renewed feeling of 2. In what three general classes arc Liszt’s composi¬ freshness on returning, at Tempo I, to the strongly- rhythmic first theme. tions divided? 3. From what source did Lisst derive his “Chants In Variation I the words “con grazia,’.’ that is, “with grace and charm,” indicate exactly what is required. The Polonais?” 4. IVhat characteristics make the interpretation of the staccato of the left hand against the suavity and legato “Chant Polonais, No. 1," unusually difficult? of the right hand is the chief characteristic of this little movement and must be carefully retained. It is hardly 5. How is the Piu Animalo to be interpreted in the possible to descrilre in words exactly how the ornamental MISS GOODSON IN HER LONDON STUDIO third variation?

The Neglected Up-Stroke

By Leslie Fairchild

“My playing is anything but immaculate; my tone is, un¬ Rule 2. The wrist must be held somewhat lower than healthy; passage and scale work is not clean cut; and I the knuckles. can’t seem to get that decided rhythmic swing that others Rule 3. On the “up-stroke” the finger should maintain have in their playing: Miss X has given only a little more a curved position and be raised to the highest possible than half the time that I have to music, still her playing sounds so clean cut; her scale and arpeggio work so pearly Rule 4. On the “down-stroke” the finger should strike and brilliant that I am just at a loss to know how to go the key firmly, without the slightest sign of the nail joint about it to acquire this clearness in my own playing.” caving in. This student's complaint could be traced directly to the manner in which her fingers were released from the keys, Rule 5. Extremely Important 11 At first the tempo or in other words, the “up-stroke” of the fingers. Person¬ should be taken deadly slow but with lightning rapidity of ally, in all my years of study, great stress has been laid as the up and down stroke of the finger. to “attack” but very little said in regard to the manner in Rule 6. Use finger strength only. Do not employ the which the fingers were released from the keys. slightest weight of the arm. Ex. IV. Same as above using fingers 3 4 S • This highly important point in piano technic, which 1 2 4 leads directly to a finely articulated touch, can be readily Originate similar Examples. acquired in a surprisingly short time, by those who will conscienciously give the following exercises their earnest Ex. 5 efforts. Like always attracts like; slow, lazy, sluggish finger actions can only resolve into an unhealthy technic, while live, quick, virile finger movements result in a clean .cut, articulated technic which helps to strengthen the M. 176 rhythmic swing and gives us a real wholesome, clarified tone, even in pianissimo passages. Ex. V. This scale study should 1* worked through All the exercises given will greatly improve this several keys. neglected “up-stroke” and will improve the “down-stroke” Ex. VI. Same principle with arpeggios. or “attack” to a marked degree. The following rules must be strictly adhered to Ex. VII. Use principle on studies similar to the throughout all the exercises, if the maximum results are Hanon Ex. M-176. This ex. is highly beneficial. to be expected in the shortest possible time:— Fifteen minutes a day for a period’of from two to Rule 1. The hand should assume a vaulted position. ree weeks will show marked improvement in the (This can be nicely illustrated by holding a large orange clarity of one's playing. in the palm of the hand.) Take care of the up stroke and the down stroke will more readily take care of itself.

Happy New Year Greetings to All “Etude” Friends!

We trust that all our “Etude” admirers have as many reasons to be happy as has th of workers. Our circulation has been going regularly ahead every month. Our friend ^ an^ large family features we have introduced. From all over the world come splendid letters from “ S€em ^Whted with the many new ready to go out of their way to tell their friends about the advantages of “The Etud ” enthusia8t» who seem ever could we ask to make it happier? May we all have the joy of work and prosperity for 192. HaPPV New Year! ” What

THE ETUDE rrrrp pt ITT) F Pig?- 2/ Page 26 JANUARY 1925 T THROUGH THE AIR CAPTAIN KIDD ARPEGGIO WALTZ CARL WILHELM KERN,Op.525 The folk were glad they were still alive A wry pretty teaching piece,affording“cross hand"and arpeggio practice. Perfect evenness should be striven for.Grade 2^- j^ Tempo diVillse O, Captain Kidd was a bold, bad man And they cared not for the loss. , 7L 1 h a 4 5 \ 4 5 jAM.M.si- = 63 * Intro._JJ- -A -- ' And he sailed the briny sea. With gold and jewels he sailed awhile He fought with knives and he knew no fear, Until he came to a desert isle He wore a ring hanging from each ear, Then buried the chest with an evil smile He was a dashing buccaneer— And carved the skull and crossl No fiercer man than he. And to this day (at least people say) He sailed the seas_ all ready for a fight Folk hunt the sea for that isle and tree And stole the gold from other ships at night. And the chest of Captain Kidd. Dorothy Gaynor Blake Taken from a new set of piano pieces: Three fferoes of the Child World (the other heroes being Columbus and Robinson Crusoe). The composer is deservedly popular with young students. Grade 2£. DOROTHY GAYNOR BLAKE tone and cjireful phrasing. Play in a bold sty le with big 5 _5 ,__ 5, , 4 l\'

1 1 i (The sea) 8 ' ^ ' *

^mysteriously

4 1 “I if* r— y ° —

British Copyright secured Copyright 1924 by Theo.Presser Co. the etude JANUARY 1925 Page 29 POLISH DANCE ALFRED PRINCE, Op. 9 Allegro vivace m. m. J = 126 PRIMO 8'L.a. ^ A A ^ •fr Jen.

ten. m rrr*rr y* a tempo ^ poco rit. m yf p ^ m f * m if y pip (itf11 trrr poco rit. ^Fri/all »/* . ft‘a A || graztoso (A j Ef^EEf IeEE rfF#i Efcfe t1 M ild: •1 r ^ 1-1 ~JI ^ WfffP is- 5 2 1 4 A * 1 kflgrrrtpr*rr1 /pft, =±-fA_ N \W--— - . i or?o rit_ : tempo A. A * r ) 0 T n 2 5 5 J 5 ^ ' « H 3 43 '-t1 LitF .: ■ *, 1H 1 \ r 4 34 - 4 fH; UL ^hIB 1 57r = LJ- -1 5 -i L«-jrf^Tf =*; iSg ^ tO.G# I */* L ^-*4 - fr r 5r7r ifiA M# ; iNtfp ? \\0im /*/« /a»/a e tegoto & tep^_ 51.—^4 )fl^i :L £«;: 1 sQ* ~P lli4^=E '4- 1 r ^ sy-u^ E7 ^>7 *= 5*==lerr r PP i£ _ am>/. 4 nf _ * r*- i 3 -11-p*—^I4 v£r-^iii »V *5 ^ ^ 1 r’i- 5 a 1 1 5 H - J-- /r-^,1, “lA 'l 4 a -Tg - .1 lift -b'. J 8-k^ > "~T T^t ^ tjTTfTP P nf ig_. - 1 7fL m" T

Copyright 1924 by Theo. Presser Co. # From here go back to this beginning and play to Fiu^ then pi f British Copyright secured Page 30 JANUAR Y 1925 THR RT(j/ip TWE ETUDE JANUARY 1925 Page 31 YALSE YALSE THE ETUDE m- ~-| i ^ j—TPM. ,8rf^ Tf,lU^. ,J

t\ 1 , " 3| | "1 ' j dim. _ ^Eilr^ R -#• -#*• ■#*• “0* ^ t* Ts. “T _

_-fti._>,‘T^~' ~T~‘ .fT^E-

CODA fT'-* l7r—^ —_ ppp-^l _

INTROSPECTION SONG WITHOUT WORDS FRITZ HARTMANN,Op.172

International Copyright secured Copyright 1924 by Theo.Presser Co. JANUARY 1925 Page 35 Page 34 JANUARY 1925 THRBTURr the etude

A richly harmonized modern style waltz. A good MARIANNA FRANK H.GREY dancing or drawing-room number. Grade 4. . T VALSE Moderato Tempo di Valse m.m J.=63 Jr Jr >y^

The Mason & Hamlin with the Ampico

ANOTHER GREAT PIANO CAN NOW OFFER YOU THE AMPICO

THE whole wide world of music will appreciate the sig¬ vibrate, each note sounds and stops or is sustained exactly as the artist who made the recording intended. Yet neither ri ~ ~-1 nificance of this announcement. The Mason 6s? Hamlin H-M | *| j ji, _an instrument that has for years held a place of highest in the appearance of the piano nor in its action when it is distinction among artists, professional musicians, and the played by hand is the presence of the Ampico suspected. f - nrp P • Y • more accomplished amateurs—may now be bought with The Ampico brings to your piano the unblemished art the Ampico of Levitzki, Rachmaninoff, Rosenthal and hundreds of the Only in these pianos great pianists of this generation, including Vincent Lopez, Adam Carroll, J. Milton Delcamp and other famous inter¬ :^1 Hitherto the Ampico has been obtainable in the Knabe and ss preters of dance and popular music. The Ampico library the Chickering. The addition of the Ampico to the Mason is a rich treasury of piano compositions, faultlessly, thrill- 1 1 ^ 6? Hamlin means that now three of the four great pianos in Last time ingly played. * „ ---. * ^^ ^ , 4 ^ ^ \ general use on the American concert stage are equipped with the Ampico. The silent or player piano you now own will entitle you to an allowance on the purchase of your Ampico. This The Ampico is also found in five other pianos, instru¬ exchange privilege and convenient terms of payment make ments that have held recognition for generations as pianos it possible for you to experience without delay the myriad of quality. They are: the Fischer, Haines Bros., Marshall 6? joys of owning an Ampico. Foot-power models, $795. Wendell, Franklin, and in Canada the Willis also. The Electric models, $985 to $5000. With freight added. Up¬ Ampico, with its priceless endowment of the playing of the rights and grands. greatest pianists, is limited to these pianos. All of them are fine enough to do justice to its music. Have you heard the Ampico ?

What is the Ampico ? If not, take the first opportunity to hear it at any store The Ampico is the marvelous device that produces on the where any of the pianos mentioned are sold. strings of your piano exactly those effects which were Perhaps you will want to learn more about the Ampico secured on another piano in our recording laboratory when before hearing it. A booklet describing the Ampico, listing a great artist sat before it and played. its hundreds of artists, and outlining the large library of The keys go down, the dampers rise and fall, the strings Ampico recordings will be sent on request.

The ALL of the Piano Copyright 1924 by Theo.Presser Co. 1). S. al Fine British Gopyright secured THE AMPICO CORPORATION • 437 FIFTH AVENUE ' NEW TOfUC THE ETUDE JANUARY 1925 Page St Page 3G THE ETUDE

Radios GreatestzAchievement ! is embodied in this newest and most remarkable of musical instruments — The Brunswick Radiola

What it is and does. How in combining the world-noted Bruns¬ wick Phonograph with the superlative in radio, the Radiola Super-Heterodyne and Regenoflex, it places all the music of all time at your command—beautifully, exquisitely, wonderfully

HERE is an instrument unique in the annals of as only a Brunswick can musical art. An instrument immeasurably in a play them. Remember—Brunswick now offers the liekl of its own, educationally, musically and as a never Nothing in music — music ending source of home entertainment. in the making, the current choice of two supreme musical in¬ Multiply whatever previous ideas you may have had triumphs of famous artists of tlic miracle of radio; and yet—yoS will be amazed of the New Hall of Fame, struments : the Brunswick Phonograph when you hear it. Multiply your previous ideals of the music of yesterday, to¬ alone without radio, and the Brunswick the ultimate in a musical instrument, and still you will day, tomorrow—is thus be¬ fail in rendering it justice. yond your reach. Radiola, which is a phonograph and The Brunswick Method of Reproduction, which in recent years has attracted virtually every famous Moderate prices— a radio in one. artist of the New Hall of Fame to the Brunswick Phonograph, has been subsidized to do for radio that Liberal terms of payment— which it did for phonographic music. The result is a Instruments now on display musical revelation. So' as to bring this instru¬ The Brunswick Radiola ment within the means of —what it is every home, many different types and styles have been developed—and liberal terms of payment provided. The The Brunswick Radiola marks the joint achievement of the leader in musical reproduction with the leader Some are priced as low as $190, embodying the master in radio. A scientific combination, developed by the craftsmanship in cabinet work which characterizes Brunswick Radiola Brunswick laboratories in connection with the Radio Brunswick. These famous artists of Corporation of America, which embodies the best that Some embody the noted Radiola Super-Heterodyne. Super-Heterodyne men know in music and in radio. Others the Radiola Regenoflex, the Radiola No. 3 It is in nowise a makeshift (simply a radio receiver set in a phonograph), but a perfected, tested and proved —some remarkable features: THE NEW HALL OF FAME combination. An instrument you can buy with the same positive and absolute assurance of lasting satis¬ The phonographic part offers you the world-accepted record exclusively for the Brunswick Phonograph faction throughout the years to come, as a regular Brunswick Phonograph, embodying the unique Bruns¬ 1 Requires no outside antenna—no Brunswick phonograph. and the Brunswick Radiola wick Method of Reproduction which brought phono¬ ground wires. You can move it graphic music into the realms of higher musical art. from room to room—plays wher¬ ever you place it. are on Brunswick Gold Label, Double-Face At the turn of a lever, you have radio's greatest thrill, The radio part embodies the current achievements of Records. New the amazing Radiola Super-Heterodyne or Radiola the Radio Corporation of America’s famous Radiola wTckrRecCori“”UOUSly “ffCre<1' A1Wa),S new on Bruns- Regenoflex to bring the mysteries of the air into your receiving sets, plus the emphasis of the Brunswick 2 Amazing selectivity permitting home, with tonal possibilities multiplied. Method of Reproduction. A combination resulting in you to “cut out” what you don’t At another turn, you have the recorded music of all a clarity, beauty and tonal quality equalled only by want to hear and pick out instantly Michael Bohnen time at your command—your favorite records played the remarkable versatility of this amazing instrument. Giacomo Lauri-Volpi what you do. Consider what this Karin Branzell THE BRUNSWICK-BALKE-COLLENDER CO. means in big centers. MINNEAPOLIS SymPHONY Giuseppe Danise Manufacturers—Established 1845 Henri Verbrugghen, Conductor General Offices: Chicago Branches in All Principal Cities 3 Combines the superlative in radio Claire Dux Marie Morrisey with the superlative in phono¬ graphic reproduction •—a phono¬ 1 he Cleveland Orchestra Elly Nf.y — graph and a radio in one. Nikolai Sokoloff, Conductor cThc Sign ofSMusica! Prestige Sigrid Onegin Florence Easton Tino Pattiera Elsiiuco Trio Elisabeth Retiiberg Leopold Godowsky Max Rosen Josef Hofmann Richard Strauss Bronislaw Huberman Willem Willeke Maria Ivogun i/cnru/nMMCK Ukrainian National Chorus PHONOGRAPHS Demons • o Anim as THE ET JANUARY 1925 Page 39 Page 88 JANUARY 1925 THU ETUDE PROCESSIONAL MARCH THERE IS A PIANO BOOK FOR EVERY PURPOSE IN THE “WHOLE WORLD” MUSIC SERIES MODERN OPERA SELECTIONS CONCERT PIANO PIECES PIANO PIECES Contains more than 30 selections from Containing 70 classic, modern, light Contains 44 of the greatest compositions modern French, German, Italian and Rus¬ ever written. A book for the advanced operatic masterpieces which every one c“n sian grand opera. enjoy. player. Price, $1.25 (Paper Binding) Price, $1.25 (Paper Binding) $3.00 (Paper) $5.00 (Cloth)

GRAND OPERA AT HOME MODERN PIANO PIECES RECITAL PIANO PIECES Contains the stories, words and music of Contains 47 representative recital compo¬ Contains 70 standard pieces by the most the 12 greatest grand operas, arranged for famous modern composers of all nation- sitions by famous classic and modern com- the piano. Price, $1.25 (Paper Binding) Price, $1.25 (Paper Binding) Price, $1.25 (Paper Binding)

LIGHT PIANO PIECES PIANO DUETS LIGHT OPERA AT HOME Contains 54 light piano pieces which will Contains 40 classic, modern, light, sacred Contains the stories, words and music of be greatly enjoyed in the hours of recrea- and operatic duets which every music the 12 most popular light operas, arranged lover will enjoy. for the piano. TRIO Price, $1.25 (Paper Binding) Price, $1.25 (Paper Binding) Price, $1.25 (Paper Binding)

CHILDREN’S PIANO PIECES SACRED MUSIC DANCE MUSIC Contains 150 charming compositions for Contains 25 sacred piano compositions, Contains more than 90 standard marches, young folks in the first to the third in addition to the finest sacred songs and waltzes and fancy dances of every descrip- well-loved hymns. Price, $1.25 (Paper Binding) Price, $1.25 (Paper Binding) Price, $1.25 (Paper Binding)

These books are for sale at all modern music dealers or can be obtained direct from the publishers D. APPLETON AND COMPANY, 35 W. 32nd St., New York tisSrWrite for free 56-page descriptive catalogue, containing the complete contents of these books

Serving the World with Sung with Immense Everything in Music Publications Success by MARIE SUNDELIUS By Prompt and Accurate Mail Order Service Mach day’s mail brings to us orders from all parts of the United A Serenade States, Canada, Great Britain, Europe and South America. Africa, Australia, Cuba, the Bermudas, West Indies, India, China and Japan are represented frequently in our large mail order In Seville patronage. Every member of our organization is imbued with the aim to Words by James Francis Cooke render prompt, accurate and courteous service on each and every Music by order. JOHN PHILIP SOUSA ■ n Unequalled Stock of Music Publications and a corps of the best and most experienced music clerks make possible a satisfactory service to all music buyers. Specialists in Musical Educational Material. Teachers are given Liberal Examination Privileges and Discounts. Con- Charge Accounts opened for Teachers and Active Music

upon our books, should As practically all music is 1,1 price, it invariably is Where the prices are mould be sent to insure always when there is an

„ T ^ You Are Interested in Piano. m Vocal, Violin, or Organ Teaching Material and Let Us Send Our Helpful Catalogs on the Branches Taught Everv Teacher should also request details of our “On Sale” plan. ' Y ■ E Would Be Glad to Send Catalogs and Descriptive Fold- °n Any Branch of Music Publications Desired—

Solos! Violm Collection^ oSn S^os^O^^lS^^tiST

0rchestra M,,sic’Musi-

THEO. PRESSER CO., St' Phila., Pa. JANUARY 1925 Page 41 Page, 40 JANUARY 1925 THE ETUDE IN SCHUBERT’S DAY

# From here go back to the beginning and play to Fine-, then play Trio. British Copyright secured Copyright 1924 by Theo.Presser Co. THE ETUDE Page 42 JANUARY 1925 THE BREATH OF SPRING MELODY CHARLES ANCLIFFE In two contrasting sections: the first, song-iike; the second in dance style. Grade 3. j Anrianfef.on AsnrASfl .. Andantemoderato M.M. J=72

CODA

Frotn a new set of easy teaching or recreation pieces, by a popular American writer. Grade 2.

S 1 Copyright MCMXXIVby A.Hammond & Co. Copyright 1924 by Theo.Presser Co. British Copyright secured

tueetuue Page 46 JANUARY 1925 the ETUDE JANUARY 1925 Page 47 CANZONE MY LITTLE HOUSE Nancy Boyd Turner GERTRUDE MARTIN ROHRER British Copyright secured Copyright 1924 by Theo.Presser Co. THE etude JANUARY 1925 Page Prods for Piano Students

The student who is anxious to derive (6) Observe the measure signature and the utmost benefit from* his “practice accent accordingly. period” should bear in mind the follow¬ (7) Listen to each separate tone, and ing suggestions: note its quality. (1) Decide in advance the time to be (8) In practicing legato passages let given to the different items to be practiced each finger hold its key until the next —-scales, exercises, studies, compositions. finger is actually upon the key it is about (2) Practice slowly and carefully. to play and just upon the point of sound¬ Whenever a mistake occurs, recommence ing it. The tones should exactly join, the passage, and continue to do so until with no silence between them. it can be done correctly. (9) Correct and unvarying fingering is (3) Do not play a whole piece through most important. The fingering which is at first. Practice small portions at a best for the average hand is usually marked. In places where it is not, select (4) Play at first with each hand alone. such fingering as seems most fitted to the Concentrate upon your work as much as nature of the passage and to your own possible. hand. (5) Before commencing to practice a (10) Do not practice when mentally or new piece determine the key in which it. physically tired, is written, by looking at the key signature. (11) Keep the muscles well relaxed, for Then play over the scale of the key in relaxation is the key to artistic touch and which the piece stands. beautiful tone-production.

Using “Odd” Minutes

By Abbie Llewellyn Snoddy

At first glance, a few spare minutes that playing it once, at ten intervals, during seem of little account. One feels that it the day, will make a deeper impression Over 500 Musical Directors have Selected is hardly worth while to go to the piano, and serve as a better test of the memory, when aii interruption is imminent. But than to play it the same number of times fifteen minutes, even ten minutes, can be in immediate succession. A few minutes, THE turned to good account, if one is truly snatched here and there from a busy day, persistent. Study must necessarily be in¬ may soon suffice to memorize a short com¬ tensive, when the time is short. So do position. not attempt to play a long composition The next time a pupil is late, then, in¬ IVERS & POND through, when you know that you will be stead of fuming and fretting, seize the forced to lay it aside, with a feeling of time for your own practice. Use it as if baffled rage, as soon as the inevitable in¬ it were the most golden and precious at terruption comes. Instead, take up that your disposal. You will be surprised and new piece you have been wanting to learn, gratified to find how much you can ac¬ PIANO and concentrate upon its first two or three complish in a few weeks. It may even be phrases. Even one phrase makes a begin¬ interesting to keep tally on these spare When acquiring precious jewels, valuable paintings, rare ning. If it is well learned, it is a good be¬ moments and check them up at the end objets d’art, expert advice is highly prized and eagerly ginning, and one phrase a day will be of each month. Bankers tell us wonderful sought. thirty phrases in a month, three hundred tales of how a few cents saved every day, In the realm of musical art, and of the piano, its fas¬ and sixty-five in a year. Worth trying. count up, with interest, into worth-while cinating exponent—there exists a class of experts—the amounts. Surely the wasted minutes, that college musical directors—who must, by results, prove But it is in memorizing, perhaps, that can be saved, with no cost except a little the faith that is in them. these spare minutes can be used to great¬ thought and persistence, yet can be applied Upon these teachers of this art of universal appeal, falls est advantage. Many students find that it to a permanent mental achievement, are the responsibility of selecting pianos for the departments even more valuable to the student and is the constant recurrence of a theme that over which they preside. Their training qualifies them as music lover. wears a groove in the memory cells, and musical experts, to judge tone, action and construction. Their choice must rest upon the piano best satisfying their requirements, and vindicating over the years their judg¬ A “Missed Lesson Letter ment as experts. Under such conditions 500 educational institutions are To the Etude: ruling. This has been deemed necessary, since arrangements are usually made in the now using the Ivers & Pond—one, the far-famed New A letter similar to the enclosed has Fall season and it is difficult if not impos¬ England Conservatory, having bought more than three many times helped to smooth threatened sible later in the year to fill hours not so hundred Ivers & Pond Pianos. The purchase of expensive difficulties with patrons; so I am sending engaged. jewels is often made on a single expert’s action; should not it as a possible assistance to others. the combined opinion of half a thousand leading music My dear Mr. Q The question is in individual cases, how¬ ever, more an ethical than a professional instructors inspire confidence in the minds of piano buyers? As I imagine the question on the enclosed matter; and where for any reason parents bill is from you, I am answering it directly, trusting that you will readily understand feel this decision an unjust one, we are at liberty (since we are not members of a the situation when I explain it from the chartered institution) to use our own judg¬ point of view of our profession. ment. Whenever it can be conveniently Our Unique Selling Plan All music teachers of any standing fol¬ arranged Miss X. and I are always glad If we have no dealer near you, we can supply you from our factory as low .the precedent of organized education¬ to make up missed lessons between the safely and as satisfactorily as if you lived near by. We make expert al bodies such as Conservatories of music, selection and guarantee tbe piano to please, or it returns at our expense regular ones. colleges, and private schools; that is, les¬ forfreight. Liberal allowanceforold pianosin exchange. Attractive easy I hope you will tell us quite frankly if payment plans. For catalog, price and full information, write us today. sons are contracted for by the season or you feel that these lessons should^ not have the half-season, and there is no obligation been charged, or that we might more just¬ regarding missed lessons unless the fault ly divide the loss, since Mary has been Ivers & Pond Piano Company lies with the teacher through illness or away for several weeks, and we shall be other emergency. This has been made a very glad to defer to your wishes in the 141 Boylston Street Boston, Mass. rule of the profession, and the National matter. Music Teachers’ Association has requested Very sincerely yours, M. M. Watson. all private teachers to adhere to the same

‘ The Etude” for 1925 promises to be better than ever before in its history. Please mention THE ETUDE addressing our advertisers. Page 52 JANUARY 1925 TEE etude JANUARY 1925 Page 58 PEW situations are more delicate than but the tone will “sound” much a the first vocal lesson. The student is of a sausage “looks.” s tlle end Why An Aria? venturing on a strange, and to her an un¬ charted, sea. She is wondering what is The Tone Beautiful The voice_ i essentially an instrument of voice production, but also in the finer going to happen. She has her misgivings The Singer’s Etude Right here, one of the most designed for melody. Periodically there qualities of bcl canto, with its easy flow as to her ability to do what shall be asked things for the student to acquire • Se"tial -s a press rumor that an individual has of words and more elemental emotional hhe is conscious that her every move and perception of a beautiful tone Tn t keei> i:..„0''ercd that he can produce two tones requirements. And to develop these qual¬ sound is under criticism. She lias a Edited for January by nothing is so valuable as the listening Y at the same time; but the rumor trails off ities, what has been produced to equal naturally sensitive shrinking from the greatest of the artists. Often one the ant0 silence and soon we have again the arias of the classicists- and best com¬ mention of, more especially,'some of the EDWARD ELLSWORTH IIIPSHER, A.R.A.M. from one of them some thrillingly^at.ch settled back into our primitive conviction posers of the last century? They possess muscles and organs used in breathing. tone which will remain in the mind ,uau dul that "There ain’t no sich animal.” a finesse of vocal melodic line, associated Jhese qualities become exaggerated when It is the Ambition of THE ETUDE to Make This Voice Department Nevertheless, the conviction prevails with an emotional restraint, the mastery the teacher happens to be of the opposite out life as the ideal to which to wolk'°A8h' “A Vocalist’s Magazine Complete in Itself ” that the human voice is still unparalleled of which furnishes the student with just sex. Nor is the situation much relieved having this ever before the mind as a A"d as an instrument of melody and for the the stimulus which her undeveloped ■f the teacher chances to be the one of tern will have a wonderful influence i„T interpretation of the human emotions. And powers can grasp in a manner that through the feminine gender. And so the very approximating of it by the student * jn the latter sphere it must, of course, them new capabilities may be awakened. first requirement of the successful teacher 1 years Pass, an ideal of pure lieauty will a forever remain peerless, for is it not of What, for instance, could give the voice of using the voice in song is the ability velop which will all the time standi ' itself a part of the human organism? a more grateful task than the singing of to establish a feeling of confidence and A First Lesson in Singing monitor to warn of departures from „ Granting that the latter is true, the Mozart’s The Violet, or his Batti, Batti trust m the pupil, so that her mind, best of which one is capable. ine voice must follow natural human laws in from “Don Giovanni;” Haydn’s My thoughts and acts shall be free from re¬ By Edward Ellsworth Hipsher A few trials of the exercise we were its development. Any attempt to force it Mother Bids Me Bind My Hair; or With straint. The teacher who can be frank mg and the pupil should be given somethin^ outside its natural limitations can do noth¬ Verdure Clad, if the voice has sufficient but not fresh, who can establish a friendly, to fC JaW’ alIowinS the sub-maxillary check on the formation of mannerisms as of fresh interest. Any single vocal exercise °ial of “sown weight, and this till the ing less than lead to disaster. And for compass; Handel's He Shall Feed His fraternal feeling between himself and the well as a guage of the acquisition of often repeated, sets up a strain on the car this reason the chief problem of the vocal¬ Flock, and 0 Thou That Tcllest, or pupil without becoming sentimental or in¬ L"PfUmCTly separated ‘hat the tips pleasing qualities of posture and facial ex¬ ticular muscles producing it, as well i spiring such a feeling in the other, already • l m‘ddIe fingers’ with their pression. With time it will become a ist, whether teacher or student, has been, Angels Ever Bright and Fair? For the nails laid side by side, may be inserted be¬ risking the danger of the mind wanderine has passed the first milestone toward suc¬ friendly critic as to the formation of the is, and always will be, the development male voices there are many similar selec¬ tween them. This should be repeated from its keenest critical activity. So the cess. Without being either prudish or lips and tongue for various vowels and of this sensitive vocal instrument along tions from both opera and oratorio. Study¬ several times till the proper opening be¬ pupil should proceed to singing this single gross, he must discuss the action of the consonants. By cultivation it will become lines that are natural, physically, emo¬ ing these types of songs will develop in comes quite automatic. And now, simul¬ tone, but on changing pitches as in this The utmost physical organs involved with an ease and a trustworthy friend, never to be dis¬ tionally, esthetically and any other “ally” the student a sense of proportion that will taneously with the dropping of the jaw, study. authority that raises his treatment into carded. Nordiqa tells us how she—the that pedagogs, psychologists or lexicog¬ serve well its purpose no matter how high he pupil will inhale an easy, deep breath the attainments may reach. In fact, it the pure realm of science. Queen of American Sopranos—spent hours raphers max- choose to invent. in music accomplishment the veraP1 ly ^ aI1°W1'"g * to settle to before a full-length mirror when adding Voice is the product of muscular action; is only by building well on such a founda¬ tion that the greatest heights become pos¬ As the shadow nimbly follows the leaping, curving dancer, The Breath Z ryl0Wer parts of the huigs, and do- new songs or roles to her repertoire; while and muscles, to develop normally, must ” g ]t w>th a yawning sensation. By prac- the Weaver Piano responds to each mood of the artist—now Breath is the life-blood of the voice, it is on record that the supreme Patti have consistent exercise and this dis¬ sible, if we are to accept the judgment of those who have triumphed. Lillian merry and boisterous, now subdued, now thundering like the n the ease and steadiness with which it fiffine^of th°T a" a'mOSt histantaneous spent hours before the mjrror on the one tributed over a sufficient period of time fil ing of the lungs without disturbing the to allow for natural growth. Nor can they Nordica, who represents the very pinnacle great god Thor himself. flows, and on the bountifulness of its sup¬ detad. of managing her train as Lucia Because the Weaver more than fulfills the most exacting be constrained to perform a work for of the American singer’s achievements, ply, will depend a major part of the beauty mtdes8 Th fU”Cti0nS °f a’ly °rgans hmch 1S genius; and those who would demands, it has been chosen from among the -world's finest says “Work first with things with English and spontaneity of the tone. Because of Te Of ia T^1S ,yawn,ng sensation is really follow must pay the price. The successful which they have not been properly pre¬ pianos by many world-famed artists. Let us direct you to the this, almost a literature of buncombe has V»n «i MblO Ute essentials. The natural pared by careful practice. words, and especially on oratorio. Begin nearest Weaver dealer. Weaver Piano Co., Inc., York, Pa. yawn establishes automatically the exact singer does many things besides sing. And sprung Up relating to this elusive sub- now we will sing. Because the muscles and ligaments con¬ with the more simple songs, and gradually Weaver, York and Livingston Pianos and Player Pianos. physical conditions desired by the singer ject, when the truth is that Nature has trolling the voice are of such a delicate increase their difficulty.” Lilli Lehmann, The uvula will rise and the root of the provided for the singer’s exigency, if only The First Tone texture, the nature of the materials used who for years shared honors with Nordica tongue sink so that the back portion of he in the most exacting of the Wagnerian We return to where we left our stu- in their development becomes a matter of eaacherngeTWi11 '?* ^ to origlS mouth will be left open, relaxed and free This, done once very carefully, is sufficient the greatest importance. An undue strain roles, began, as did Nordica, her career T:ue,_ that sineu’g requires a as a sound-chamber for the voice. If the dent w,th the secret of breath exhalation. of its style of work for one time. WEAVE R variation of the rhythmic flow of the placed upon any portion of the vocal mech¬ in the lighter coloratura roles of the Ital¬ ear part of the tongue seems disinclined As the breath was taken, there has been breath, and so do many other acts which Then there should lx- a study for chang¬ anism, lie fore it has been properly devel¬ ian opera and then through years grad¬ to sink, a feeling of swallowing it in Nature prompts. One runs and exhausts pitchTct ?" tHe .Pr"° a *°ne of medium ing of pitch while sustaining a tone. It oped for the accomplishing of the feat, ually ripened her vocal and interpretative conjunction with the yawning will be much out the |1S S3y’ G.j As tbe breath starts should lie something very simple like the powers. Both these great artists builded the oxygen ,n the lungs and blood; and out the larynx will be allowed to open is a foolhardy flying into the face of fate, more ,effective than any conscious effort to one which follows. so far as the singer's future is concerned. their great futures by a natural, sane de¬ push this member down. The act is and the air playing over the vocal cords takes” n a d ^ the mouth a"d And in no way do we sec this more often velopment that left them always able to 7W ,ln a deeP> generous gasp, or yawn really much simpler in the doing than in (which ever you choose) of breath and 7The “AF’C f F°”r the “Italiai1 A” put to trial than in the selection of songs give their best to the work at hand. And e telling, as will be discovered by a care- (the Ah of English.)™ As the breath A Complete Course of Vocal Technique for the unfinished student. Songs requir¬ to their methods of achievement Tetraz¬ singer6! ’e- e?U1,ibrium- Now what the FOR DRAMATIC AND COLORATURA SOPRANO werVnerfedtia" 1* nU!SdeS of tbe throa‘ ing the full equipment of the mature artist zini, whom we often erroneously class as forestallestall th’thisS disturbance.the °PTheeration skillful and hX of thf i y re,aXed: and for the mak- for the surmounting of their merely a product of the hothouse type of culture, vocalist inhales, quickly but naturally a adds her hearty endorsement. Diaphragmic breathing, to even tones messa de voce—attack Exhaling the Breath technical features are only too often as¬ The tone should flow steady, pure and signed to the one who is yet on the early Looking back over the centuries of vocal And now, as the breath has been taken Legato and (stacco, stroke glottis) portamento and ornaments. andaqndTn° then, byaiV using 6qUal it t0sparingly, a fu"’ *" allows■> b" athisth clear, as before, the changes of pitch be¬ steps of the holy stairs of the vocalist’s art, and drawing a lesson therefrom, the m company with the above directions we ° now: out naturally but slowly, at the ^E,S“Z'TZS0,f,A ing made with absolute neatness. There art. Yes, it is all right to say that we young singer and the teacher of the young (Graded list of songs and list for Dramatics and Coloratura.) are ready for exhaling. This is the act passivity, and all possible of V" * same . time. turnine-lulIlins it into tone waves bv; must be no slurring, no sliding, of the “learn to do by doing;” but we do not singer can do nothing that will add more wh,ch controls all tone-production, and so tion of this should be retained in (To be sung in English) of singincr Tip ta,ned 111 ‘he act tones from one to the other. The voice create a symmetrical work of art when we to her possibilities for an extended suc¬ s^u^ W°Iner:St°,ne °f the entire tonal on theg breath » °ne ^ slraPIy “float must, as it were, step daintily from one attempt the impossible. cessful career than to choose for the ZZ Iua Yu the lungs wel1 and care- The modern art song is an achievement MRS. E. H. JONES fu ly filled, there is little to be said other Pitch to the next, lie that going either up earlier years of her studies those airs and Three Tone Essentials or down. This exercise should be con¬ in itself. Its demands on vocal resources songs which keep well within her capabili¬ BOX 1147 San Antonio, Texas waves in the resonance chambers, the anow.itdlow itt to Aflow86 evenly6 h,°ld out. °n theThe breath body wasand In singing this single tone on- “r» .1, tinued up to G and back, beginning a group and technic, as well as upon temperamen¬ ties, not only in vocal equipment, but also singer will experience an invigoratina tal capacities, fit it for no early place in so wisely built that the muscular actions thr” on each note that was sustained in the in emotional technic. As these grow she pleasurable sensation. Attack of Tone, first study. With very exceptional voices a student’s development. To do it justice necessary in the process will take care of will find her field ever widening and her Sustaining of Tone it may lx; advisable to raise or lower the requires that the interpreter has had a long Position for Singing ITh p’ if aI,0Wed to d° s° untram- Close of Tone. schooling, not only in the fundamentals feet always on safe ground. SUMMY’S CORNER It does sound easy, does it not? And melled^ For the sake of acquiring an even tiy ,‘beSe two studies; hut with all flow of breath and at the same time to in _ The tone must begin with* no * t t is. the pupil is standing in plain view ticeable to the ear TW Stroke no~ iceable ^ ^ °f C Wi" prove quite serv- crease the length of its flow, there is no Profitable numbers for concert or recital in fourth and fifth grades. °hf t lef teacher- Her position should be By this time the pupil will have had that of any lady who walks or carries better exercise than, when ready to exhale ’ about as much as most minds can well Each selection supplying at least one element of virtuosity. herself well m her drawing room. Her to close the lips, allow the smallest possible absorb at one time—if the right sort of shoulders will be erect, unstrained and Listen to Singers Talk a 3 ^ 35 H admit the of ention and effort have been sustained, well-balanced; her head upright and easily a pencil, and then through this allow the JUBA (Dance)—By R. Nathaniel Dett 60c The tone must "ome „ th”0”1 a dista"<*- “Voice study requires the following in From the Suite “In the Bottoms” poised, especially with a view to relieving tbe ideal plan would be that the pupil “Correct breathing is the greatest health¬ Bints tPaS? 1,1 a VCry slow’ evel! ftream the order named: Intelligence, industry any possible tension of the neck and throat. till its natural capacity is reached. Do not clear, with no extraneous sound's to"4 ** »uld have daily lessons for some time; giving force in the world.” but, as the cases where this is possible are and enthusiasm; easy, natural breathing, ecome a i glo o s as to the amount of —Frieda Hempel CONCERT GAVOTTE—By Charles C. Vardell, Jr. 75c chest "so"! 3; ',h'S Wi“ have raised ^e breath you possess but rather as to how it'must flow evenly^ °f so exceptional, we will now dismiss her effortless and without strain or tension, • , ’ ° as t° become a responsive sound¬ Splendidly developed; in B Flat minor and major. Octave supremacy contrasted with ing-board when a tone is attempted. The long a normal amount can be put to use th' 1 ct adrnon'tion to practice not more “Why should not the singer have as with perfect poise of the body, and a feel¬ feet may be in one of several easy posi- Not how much breath but how slowlv i* man fifteen minutes at a time, about three thorough an education as the pianist or ing of inspiration—thus producing a nat- IRIDESCENCE—By Hubbard W. Harris. 60c ceptance of that abomination Th“T aC' moves. 1S the vital matter. Three or four t uCn 3 day’ with the m°s» diligent care, Scintillating type of composition. A fantasie cadenza in the middle section gives a ‘XS’ S°Tg0ng asLthey remain near each voice has of itself whZ V human violinist? Singing is a great art.” brilliant touch of modernity. other The weight of the body may be ‘ill her next lesson. . —Elena Gerhardt onMx!a”S °f ^'S exercise is the limit for duced, a natural “w’armS Care,fu"y Pr°- divided evenly between the two or one THE JUGGLER—By N. Louise Wright 60c its resonating in the cavv”051""* from Interlocking melody with octaves. Develops grace and accuracy and is a great of them may support most of the weight The time has now finally arrived for “Thus in the coloratura passages of Mo¬ favorite to play. the production of the real tone- but be- “As to the charge that coloratura in while the other is temporarily relieved ant/4?,y Was tbe cradle of opera and song. zart’s arias I have always sought to gain NOVELETTE—in G Flat—By Rossetter C. Cole 75c Artists differ in their practice, though fore that is done, there must be one digres¬ ( or more than two centuries singers dramatic music is unnatural and undra- ot every collI)trv wcnt (Q [ta|y t0 iearn expressiveness by crescendi, choice of sig¬ An expressive number calling for much tonal consideration. The unusual pulsing Schumann-He.nk, for instance, has been sion. In all that has passed has the stu¬ irsszxZZtrJJi: nificant points for breathing, and breaking matic, those who argue thus surely over¬ accompaniment to the sustained melody is interesting to master. observed to stand mostly “straight up,” dent been observing herself in a mirror Tt.,i-art °‘ canto. Consequently, the °ff of phrases.” look the fact that all opera might with JIGCERMERIG—By Gabriel Hines. 60c with both heels squarely on the floor. an indispensable of the vocal studio? From l aban method was the very first and best, equal justice lie disposed of in the same A vigorous number requiring skillful-octave playing. By comparison the middle sec¬ initiating the tone; after 11 u 3Ct of —Lilli Lehmann tion is offered in thirds in "badinage" style. Especially adapted to the recital. By this time the pupil is becoming just a the very first the singing student should ?d£!red anri adopted by all the world. An manner. People do not express themselves and throat may close Thi/ ?he moutb in song in real life, any more than they little anxious to know when we are to be- become accustomed to singing before the ins- 'i'3 German or French school of sing- “Do not let a scale discourage you, and Subject to the Usual Discount. mirror, singing "to herself.” After the mouth and throat must S ' °l ng °f the speak in blank verse, as they are made to gin singing; and so we will relieve her ”g, d°es not exist, the method used in do not say you cannot get it. Anyone who edly, else, if it shouM w 7“ cbed Sard¬ do in Shakesperean drama. Yet we are feelings. First she is to relax the mus- self-consciousness engendered by the first suit,-. C0?nt%es IjeinS only an imitation, re- works can get a scale, and no one knows CLAYTON F. SUMMY CO., Publishers few trials has worn off, it will be a 's ended, there will the to"e glad to have “Don Giovanni” and “King ■ng been squeezed off; A homely fied h T tbe °*d Italian method, modi- how to sing until the scales are done 429 South Wabash Avenue Chicago, Illinois y . c respective national language thoroughly and properly.” Lear” none the less!” and musical taste.’-MARcHEsr. —Lillian Nordica —Luisa Tetrazzini, in How to Smg. Page 5J, JANUARY 1925 rim m-in THE etude JANUARY 1925 Page 55 Such is Fame -and bacK Children’s Technic aminjor By E. E. H. By Constance Savage Roe Back in the fifth decade of the last that the printing office of the little town Before the beginner is taught the keys Wicked Witch; and that is by no means 0cMOR&/ century the resourceful press agent, with was able to furnish, d notcs, be should be given a little four- the teacher’s ambition. The child’s trust a nimble daily press, had not yet been “The trick, if trick it could be called, ? er exercise, to accustom unused mus- and regard must be won first, and then he able to create familiarity of the public was intended to impose upon no one, and Xs in his hand and arm to new work. will be ready to be led into the serious mind with all musical artists in high very certainly imposed upon none of the This is supposing the pupil to be a small exactness of music study. places. Max Maretzek, American operatic female half of the inhabitants, succeeded, v.-th Others require other methods. An observance of the playing apparatus dictator of the time, writes thus in 1855 “Two-thirds of the audience were ladies, The muscles in a child’s hand are sur¬ of children is convincing proof that here in his ('ratchets.and'Quavers: hut the other third of it, which would prisingly helpless, at first, and the C scale is no material to work with technically. “Some dew years since, I sent two decidedly not have come to hear anything to G and back is as good an exercise as Yet many round little hands struggle nobly prinm donnas of reputation, a clever pian- that anybody could sing, provided that (halfonte- any It is absolutely useless to attempt to look like those of much training and ex¬ ist and a celebrated basso on a concert anybody was unknown to them by reputa- anything like scientific technic with baby perience, as per instructions. tour. On arriving in a city in New Eng- tion, consisted of gentlemen. But imagine, Children hands, because the control is simply not At first the best thing is to let the fingers land, the agent who preceded them found my good friend Fiorentino, what was my HaddonHaii there, even for see-saw exercises. To fly any way they wish. They will un¬ that the estimation accorded to these agent’s intense astonishment on the fol- loVe -— teach from the beginning curved fingers, doubtedly fly out straight. That is all artists m New York, Boston and Phila- lowing morning, when, on wishing to ATLANTIC CITY correct position of the hands, etc., usually right. The main idea is to make the begin¬ delphia had not yet travelled there. They settle the hotel bill for the artists, he found On the Beach and the Boardwalk. In the v.™ of things. Ho,pliable, homelike. ^ Vr is wasted effort, and may injure the child’s ning as easy as possible, else interest will were comparatively unknown. After some these strange items on that which was Every season of the year is enjoy, flag. Let the child play with most or ali reflection, he therefore determined to make handed to him by the very gentlemanly playing apparatus. See-saw exercises have able at Chalfonte-Haddon Hall of the length of his fingers if he wishes, if the names of the composers, whose pieces official standing behind the desk of the been very popular for child-pupils; but Marvelous Winter recreations outdoors in¬ often, in the effort to curve the fingers, he is learning to read and count. There is Bakers were selected for the evening of the con- principal hotel in the place: clude Golf, Riding on the Beach chubby hands will ball up almost into fists, plenty of time for serious technic study Aviation Boardwaik Activities! with the fingers clenched. Beginners are after the pupil has become familiar with New Invention "Mk. *■* .*■»«• **«*«„ Mild weather. Invigorating sea air selves. Consequently, the names of the . vr^T’ .ll too conscious of their hands to keep their notes and bars and has reasonable control by Susanna Cocroft of his fingers. Cocoa last-mentioned appeared in small type at Mr- Handel, Do, Do, Do. 7 50 a..««ra*co joiaer ana rates on request minds on them and the notes and keys too. You can look 20 years younger at once Many promising pupils drop their study the head of the bills, while those of Han- “Mrs. Bellini, Room, Meals, LEEDS and LIPPENCOTT COMPANY After the child has learned to read it by wearing under your hair this after a few lessons, because it is not inter¬ del, Bellini, Beethoven and Mozart occu- Bath and Carriage . 9 00 V • ■ is practical to teach the system of scales. simple invisible face lifter Besides stretching exercises there is no esting. What do they care for tedious Their active, energetic, little pied the most conspicuous places on them, “Mrs. Beethoven, Room and and rejoiced in the most sizeable letters Meals .. 4 50.” better maker and preserver of technic. one-two-three exercises, even if the teach¬ AS effective as a {52000 surgical opera- Stretching exercises come later on in the er does maintain that these will be good for ■ tion without the expense, danger and disadvantages of the knife. New York bodies frequently require a course, however. them? Most children simply wish to learn to play, and have no very great ambitions. FREE! and Paris society women delighted with Aside from the uselessness of endeavor, immediate and lasting results. Here are large amount of Notable Musical Anniversaries of 1924 ing to teach scientific playing to a small It is vastly different if the pupil in ques¬ the guaranteed effects: child, it is actually dreadful to the child tion is an infant genius. However, an or¬ to be compelled to sit straining the muscles dinary teacher should never keep a genius 1. The sagging muscles are taught to support themselves. nourishment and By Sidne' Taiz 2. The lines from nose to mouth, and about the mouth and eyes, are lifted of his fingers, hand, arm and shoulder, for his own pupil. Genius pupils require genius teachers. But this advice is given out of their creases. ^much of this is while the teacher sits by, apparently enjoy¬ 3. The eyes look young and rested. Anton Bruckner, Austrian composer, “Silent Night, Holy Night (Stille Nacht, ery Teacher Should Send a Poilal fer a Copy of Oui for the teaching of average American was born in the village of Ansfelden, on ing the performance. The child then re¬ 4. The face immediately takes on a brighter and more youthful expression. Heilige Nacht)” was sung for the first “GRADED THEMATIC CATALOG OF gards the teacher as an Awful Ogre, or a boys and girls. September 4, 1824; and his centenary was PIANOFORTE COMPOSITION" supplied by Baker’s time to a group of villagers, at Obern- Interesting, illustrated folder FREE. Mailed in plain envelope. Write to quite generally celebrated, especially in Shows Portiona o/ZM Waoo Compositions dorf, Austria, on August 15, 1824. Cocoa in a readily central Europe. GRACE-MILDRED CULTURE CO., Dept. E, The “Manzoni Requiem” of Verdi was Bedrich Smetana, founder of the Bo¬ THEO. PRESSER CO., 1712 Che.tnul St., Phil.., Pa. The Music Teacher’s Typewriter 1991 BROADWAY, NEW YORK CITY assimilable form. first produced in St. Mark’s Church of hemian school of music, was born March Milan, on May 22, 1874. Its jubilee was 2, 1824, and the centenary was widely By Fred. J. Tighe Celebrated by an elaborate performance at celebrated. the London Crystal Palace on June 21. The North American Saengerbund Before we had the telephone, we did original has been handed to the pupil, a Beethoven’s “Missa Solemnis” was first celebrated its three-quarters of a century not need it—now that we have it, it is memo is made on the teacher’s duplicate kWalierBaker&Co.LM. performed in Russia, in 1824. The Ora¬ of any music given to the pupil, or music | ESTABLISHED 1760 by a jubilee convention in Chicago, in PINS-RIMGS an absolute necessity. If every teacher torio Society of New York celebrated this ^^v-lteInI‘,“'l!.r“,„Cd Oa'alo^FR^^ „r to be ordered for next lesson. Dorchesler.Mass. Monlreal.Can. June. used a typewriter for three months it centenary by a brilliant presentation of would thereafter be considered indispen¬ During the week the teacher may have ) BOOKLET or CHOICE RECIPES SENT FREE the work. Carl Reinecke, distinguished teacher of * c. K. GROUSEScb?°n”’ sable. occasion to phone or write the pupil. We Rossini made his first season as con¬ piano and composition, was bom June 23 I have a machine within reaching dis¬ have heard of the commercial value of ductor of the Italian Opera at the King’s tance at all lessons, and-in the machine a "personal interest” in business. Now the Theatre, London, in 1824. The Gesangverein of Basel, perhaps the sheet of paper with carbon paper dupli¬ individual characteristics of each pupil , Mendelssohn began studies with most musical city of Switzerland, cele¬ cate. First, down goes the name of the cannot be kept in mind, but the teacher Moscheles in 1824. PERSONAL brated this year its centennial. pupil, with date and hour of next lesson; refers to the duplicate of next lesson The Norfolk and Norwich Festival, Beethoven's “Ninth Symphony” had no misunderstanding on this point, as we memo, and before the phone message or England, celebrated its centennial by four \LjTSt Performance in Vienna, on May 7 STATIONERY each have a copy. letter is finished, makes some remark gala performances from October 29 to Then, as the lesson proceeds, a memo on the preparation of the lesson. The November 1. 1824. Its centenary was celebrated' at numerous concerts throughout the world 200 SHEETS and M.OO of what is to be prepared for next lesson pupil, or pupil's parents, give the teacher 100 ENVELOPES 1 is recorded. Errors or wrong habits are credit for having such a special interest pointed out orally, and incidentally on the in the pupil’s work as to remember these Recent Books on Singing Printed With Your lesson memo. Thus admonitions do not details—the teacher was able to give that Name and Address go in one ear and out of the other; the impression by jogging his memory from Bow to Sing. By Lilli Lehmann Cloth pupil has a written memo of faults to be Clear, white bond paper, with overcome before next lesson. After the his duplicate. envelopes to match. Your name the little0 bSokmis and address printed in beautiful, miVoXluWinShed°Pon fXr^of gSgt rich blue ink, on both paper and Warning! I# ill*b,v 011e of tbe greatest song-artists of .all time, one who triumphed in youth in Bedford. Bound a . By He envelopes, and sent to you post¬ Premier Aristocrat Model Italian fiorature and later jToO^o^i^i^tali^eatinent.01*0 a“d Pari3 2 rose °n this fundamental preparation to out¬ $1.20Splr co v‘e 0xfor(jaUniversitytx>reIi paid, for only 31.00. (West of By Elizabeth Leach 5 feet, 3 inches long Price $725 Years Lifted FromVour Age shine all others in portraying the great W,i"- SnSfHodridail/fitesticy *2 ft? amazing results froi /‘e “'je interested in the modern tt ®s's„sippi river and outside < r Boncilla .Beautdfier. Such thankful expressions as nerian heroines of the Music-Drama, a more ."vinu uuaccoiunaccompanied song this strain of the nerves and muscles of the Am delighted beyond words/* “Didn’t believe Authoritative book can scarcely be imagined volume has much of ™i„. Th/’auThor “i* U. S. 31.10.) If inconvenient 1 The tragic experience of a friend, re¬ The institution that made the Small Grand Piano the instrument of few minutes could make such a change,’* “It too The text is profusely illustrated with exer¬ dently has made an exhflii«SfiYrT'":*“^t“ul ' put every wrinkle,’* “All my friends ask me wha study of this garding her piano practice, has led to her universal appeal is back of this quality Small Grand. cises leading to the mastery of the subtleties 3 After ten months of inability to use her improved my complexion so quickly/’ etc. CODhC money’ we wiI1 shi permission to pass oil this story, with the 26—$2 Treatments for only $1 Tril'i0?, ifn^nlC'fWHat °'-e ehapter on the arms her condition is beginning slowly to The Premier Aristocrat Model is the product of the largest institution in your druggist for this special $1 size of Bon- ,njn 1S wcl! "orth the price of the volume. hope that it may save some one from un¬ The pages teem with hints of the greatest improve. All the specialists whom she has the world concentrating on the production of Small Grand Pianos only. — ’ HtT doesn^;* sell ^6yetf Bend ft 5 and artistic value, the following of Money returned if you are nc wittingly allowing a similar disaster to en¬ we’ll forward prepaid. If you prefer, se consulted blame the finger exercises for onld be the salvation of hundreds of lines of a number of typical longs. 6 VocaI more than satisfied. danger a promising career. This instrument, then, is a combination of quality and price without equal. no singe wreck ami ruin. The library of the trouble, and it remains to be seen how She was anxious to gain greater firm¬ Before selecting any piano, see and hear the Premier—sold nationally by considered cornet/wRhotV this^volume” b6 Order Today! much she will ever be able to play in the thng leadership greatest teachers in this country. It was h»s entered many wailcs orus. Write us today for our agent’s nhsetvntr0^ b0 9uite impossible. His long proposition. a table exercise and was accompanied by scribed by one’s teacher, and which in¬ 1-hrvonseivation „ J?n Lof0f and®nd , nKso^infUmassociation with JZ D"g5L?ap£ln«s» “nil vitality to^houlmT inetlia Laboratories. Dm. 17, Indianapolis, tad! the greatest of the exponents of thU This t minute directions for practice. volve a test of endurance in their execu¬ Premier Grand Piano Corporation peculiarly fits him for the task. * * PTehn7! ta the It was tried (a few minutes longer each tion. The test test of an exercise is— n America’s Foremost Makers of Baby Grands Exclusively in very limited pages produced a wwork which interest. Particularly JO llilo ELITE stationery CO. tby than the directions indicated) and “does it cause serious strain?” If it does, | 510-554 WEST 23rd STREET NEW YORK true of his treatment of the “Mozart tradi- 5023 Main Street, Smethporl, Pa. with remarkable results; and so it was stop immediately when the strain is felt continued for several months. At the end because your hand js pot ready for it. °f that time neuritis set in from over¬ Page 56 JANUARY 1925 THE etude JANUARY 1925 Page 57 Q NE who assumes the dual role of Or- day evening; then the anthem wi„ . was almost ready to explode with gainst and Choirmaster, in the rural has a trying job, one that requires not only fresh in mind for delivery on e righteous indignation, but retained him¬ districts—towns of one thousand to five the most intimate knowledge of church self and said to the alto: “No, you are thousand inhabitants—has taken upon him- morning. If any other evening ic Ulldal' music from the oldest hymn to the newest self a truly difficult task. will be necessary to run it ov US phrasing, and each member will breathe in Neither of them came, and the anthem is: the music he plays, the anthems given mg. Our last practice on this anthem had to be postponed. and the hymns sung have only one pur¬ mous names of today—Joseph went particularly well, and all were en Thus any new organist and choirmaster pose, and that is to create atmosphere. slow degr«, to increase the tempo of tl.J that mon, very soon, the conSwtho, “ “I””'" , ' "'orl1 “ the “l'1°< thusiastic about it. On Sunday morning Schwarz,in opera—HeniotLevy, hymns, and, m time, if he is patient enough accepted his voluntaries as befng excel iLlth * m” T 0116 C'SC' m‘ thc young alto was very nervous from pianist-composer—D. A. Clip- and s ays m the one church long enough, lent, and he is beginning to win in his 7 ‘7? T\ °W t0,gCt tbeSe over-anxiety. Thc time for the anthem came, the opening measures of the alto pinger, conductor and author, itCd bL“ “!ic “»“ r,e£t„,T “r„1,!ned'h.1’; 'T"h !'°fsS Combining Pedals With Manuals ™ solo went beautifully, when suddenly one are only a few whose enthusias¬ Now remember, do it very gradually, with understanding of what^LTttemp"- “th Tlead'iti0n,™Z’ Have them mark of the basses began singing with the alto. One should never rush a hymn, without inS‘o do, namely, creating atmosphere for to brenth7 m •’ ‘he pLIaces The bass was requested to resign; al¬ By Dr. Annie Patterson tic praise is given the Kimball. taking into consideration the beautiful tlle' best music in our rural churches ,h „!?*•’ St that brcath? at a11 though he explained that he did not read Kimball Piano and Pipe Organ words which accompany most of our truly Our new organist will be surnnWl ^ 1 designated places; and right here the There is a Kimball of unquestioned music -but was more than glad to help out This pedal octave C being played as an in Private Residence fine hymns; in fact, it would be much bet- tbe great number of times he will be asked ifThe “orJ*- f unbelievable IlelP. “If I could only pedal chants and when ever lie could. The alto was very interval with the two feet alternately, the excellence suited to your home. er to play a hymn too slow rather than what he played. Sometimes o e of the but rib f 'T p,ay,M?t t0° ,egat0* hymns decently, I might get a good post much upset over this occurrence and had as church organist. Can you teach me stretch of the fifth (tenor G) above bass e^nt ;i re-,iS 3 happy medium> T* reticent and reserved members of the SrSast^ ^solutely to be coached many, mam weeks before C may now be tried, again with left and f!mlhar hymn tunes, that church will inquire the name of the selec- Tt n I the,tlme’ or temPa how to do so as quickly as possible?” This should be the end to which our new or- tion. Do not neglect to make a note of , 7 ,,best’ per,baP3< to state here, that, she would attempt a solo again. A tenor question has so often been put to the right feet. Similarly, with the right foot who was very good and had a most pleas¬ writer by intending pupils, that she has on Middle C, the fourth (the same G be¬ nVmeAent on realist I Gentlemen: Please mail catalog and information on instru- gamst and choirmaster is striving, and the ones inquired about; then do not fail 77 ^ 0rganlst pla-vs the bymn after 1 men t marked X: KIMBALL Reproducing Pianos ing rubusto voice, quit the choir because neath) can be located and sounded. Here □ a tempo which is radical in any way. to repeat these selections when feasible to minister°7 number b? tbe tried to think out how the matter can best W W KTMRAIJ, CO I □ KIMBALL Grand Pianos □ KIMBALL Phonographs Then, too, an atmosphere of good music do so. ° minister fie do it m this manner, semi- he was asked not to sing too loud on a be managed; not so much quickly, as we have the gauge of the three so-called W- V •., £ ,77 , □ KIMBALL Upright Pianos □ KIMBALL Player Piano: particular anthem. Another of the tenors “perfect” concords. In the same way, still (Established 1857) | Q Also mall floor pattcrn “Style 29”-free must be created. This is not easy to do. MMMon effectively and permanently. The students was an Army Y. M. C. A. man and had Factory and Executive Offices: I N _ _ With the assistance of a choir of perhaps who make such a request are not begin¬ holding on the chord of C major, the third CHICAGO, U. S. A. 1 wame- fifteen__ voices, however, it,r can be„ „done. T , lf tbe ,new organist cannot modulate and choir master vets the hvL. to report for two months duty at one of ners. They are generally musicians of some and sixth (from the lower and upper C | Address. cannot be created at one service andshould keyV which" thTDoxT^■'S 'n-’ t0 the faiHy ,™e11’ then he m^ht try working on the training camps.. This left only one standing and attainment; more often they respectively) can be practiced, an attempt not be attempted. But, if the mental tZZ T D1°Xolog>’ 18 bitten, he a» anthem, one very simple in construe tenor. He was especially well-trained are good pianists. These, finding it diffi¬ later on being made to change the hand tude of our new organist and choirmaster same key as'te SE Z K 7 ^ a". parts‘ will require at with a great deal of experience in cult to make a living out of professional parts from one inversion to another of the is correct and if he is a thorough student keynote at thf end of tf 7 *° W 7 “ 7^7 PI?Ctl.Ce. rehearsa,s before at- choir work. He read well. He came just engagements as soloists, or else experienc¬ ground-chord. of music, both instrumental and vocal and the count of th7 f he V0'Untary for tempting to give it in church, one -Sunday when the choir was depend¬ ing the fluctuating emolument of the pri¬ An intelligent student, during his prac¬ SLINGERLAND’S has that proper understanding of’ the 7 the 7°W ^ pr°per time to Squire about ent entirely on him for the tenor. At the vate teacher, consider that, with their mu¬ tice hours, can easily carry out the idea next choir rehearsal he left with the. state¬ sical knowledge of keyboard-playing, they of measuring such pedal intervals by sub¬ MAY BELL BANJOS ment. I am wasting my time singing with might procure a fairly well paid and per¬ stituting other common chords for that on the choir; there are not enough voices, so manent employment either at a church, or, C; say, those of D, E flat, F, G, and so s11 = ^or Tx as b?z z sr I will not come any more. I am telling possibly, a picture house, if they added to on. If the pupil understands elementary you this in order that you will not think their digital ability the envied mystery of harmony the next step could be the hold¬ there is anything wrong." Both the tenor ing down on the manual of the Dominant s? s wi; as? "v^“dtoi? “playing with the feet.” The advanced the new organist and choirmaster while the 777- , eIectlon used found to P05Sess a fairly good n.ialitv f who was peeved because requested not to organist, who has made the king of in¬ Seventh and other chords, playing, at the DEALERS: We are the largest manu¬ The requirements for an organist and In mo t f b " plat,es are being passed, tenor, offer to give him fessons ? smg too loud, and the tenor who “was struments his specialty, may sneer at such teacher’s dictation, intervals of these on facturers of banjos in the world. Oyer wasting his time, have been seated in the an attitude. It is, however, worth atten¬ the pedals. Of course, he (the learner) 3000 dealers sell them and say our line congregation each Sunday since, and are tion, particularly as combining pedals with should do all this without looking at the is the best. Write for catalog. where th entire congregation know music short prayer ■ Tnd if Z 3 § °f the yoU11^ People lessons^ free members of this particular church, yet manuals in performance is just that de¬ pedals; in fact, play as a blind man would m the right way and the principle need of ra., y • ’ a, ’ 4 the new organist of charge, if they will sino- ,i ’ J n.eitber of them feels that he has the partment in organ-playing which gives the the manuals. The lower octave pedal- Anyone interested in our banjos and banjo ukuleles and slightest duty to perform for the church. noble instrument special distinction in the range can be practiced in the same way. clavier group. The next step would be to take a sim¬ unable to find a dealer who sells them, write us and we will When the Soloist Strikes Granting that facility at manual manip¬ ple chant or hymn-tune. First, the bass send nearest dealer’s name and catalog showing 57 differ¬ as i: * -s Another time a soprano was asked to ulation has been attained—that legato should be played over separately on the ent styles. < _ especially the ones trying for the first time the short praver then Ttb aoffermgr ,D° not try to retain any one of th "organ touch” which is known as “clean” pedals with alternate feet. Then, very a paid organist and choirmaster thev have I. 7 P.rayer, then at the Amen imme- choir who has not a vm „ , . of the sing a solo part in the anthem, and sang it well at all rehearsals; yet when Sun¬ playing—and even allowing that intervals slowly, an attempt might be made to com¬ SLINGERLAND BANJO CO., 1815-19 Orchard St., Chicago, HI...... r„tapr2 i“e ?fc,ory p,oKr.:r t day morning came she arrived at church and scales can be played separately with bine the hand-playing with that of the daughter has played the hymns and she here' r n b . very PIeasmg to the mem- position. This was attem^a k"'g the early to state that she did not care to fair accuracy on the pedals, the moment feet. When a little facility is gained at followed ,hc S? of it; °it Ch‘lrcl; •» foe ™>i.for. very bad r.suL “ «Xr o72 "2 sing solos, but was just in the choir to the student arrives at the combining pro¬ this, the treble portion of chant or hymn resistance; because she had never listened tricts the new organ st Cl'’S" Ch°ir W3S retained- who wotdd tlwa elp out. No persuasion would induce cess, he often feels so hopelessly at sea could be tried on the Swell with the right her to sing the solo, so thc anthem had that he may even, after repeated trials, de¬ hand, the left hand filling in the tenor to be cancelled for that Sunday. spair of ever being able to listen, at the part on a well-balanced Great, whilst (lie At another choir practice, the entire choir same time, to the sounds of the hand and feet carefully feel for, and endeavor to swc-ferSrSr-S absolutely refused to work on a new anthem, feet keyboards. It is true that graduated play, the bass clearly on the pedals, coup¬ Teachers—let me give you a regular ling the latter to a soft bourdon (16 foot) and insisted on repeating an anthem sung exercises of all kinds exist for thc fur¬ 30c size tube of Kondon’s— ice, commonly called^TZZZLs^lZthis IZTtZZrs LZe'rvZtZ ^ aPd<^fo^S ^7 finShed"'^0 ^ se\eral Sundays previous; yet when our thering of this facility, and that practice stop. If the simple plans above suggested new organist and choirmaster agreed to be followed with care and patience, stu¬ himself truly a n^skiam Tposs'ible^our fsolo^ic eachme™b^bcb"v!ng hetas itpatienf’ ShTi^a't™ ^T"^ of these affords an eventual, if gradual, their request, it required two hours of hard pathway to success. Much labor may, dents will be surprised how soon the diffi¬ r'!™g t0 get them to sing the anthem, however, be saved, if the teacher can indi¬ culties of combining organ pedals with which had been carefully prepared several the manuals can be overcome. with selections such as Largo by Handel vonr ' 17 ‘ V°'CeS first: then use Possible, because of this b 7- ^ SOOn as cate a few short cuts to the desired goal. Sundays before and well-sung on the Sun- Let us begin with the intervals of the The Pilgrims Chorus by Wagiier, ushtg one of theml " h‘° W'lether any presence had on the young t 'n^Ue]‘lce ber a simple transcription, like “Woodland very be ?ntrusted with a solo. On It will require all 7 ger member.s. ay morning it was first given. At one re¬ common chord, starting with C major. hearsal (we had been working for nearly Sketches,” MacDowell, and “Songs With- wifi hr flu °,CCasl0ns a rea"y good voice severance ofr new ^ patlencc a"d per- The student being directed to hold down wo months on an anthem to be given on the harmonies of this chord, say, on the out Words” by Mendelssohn. By the time but not often ln°UrrUral V0,Unteer choirs, ter can muster, to g0ertgalongawithh0ir T*~ periotic Sunday morning service) an Swell keyboard with soft diapason regis¬ e has used most of these works he will The new nrna„; t i i ■ teer choir. He will alwnv^ n 1 a volun" , who ls a school teacher, has had much tration, the left foot should endeavor to experience in choirs, and in fact had locate bass C (2nd space, bass clef) on eiarge of the music in the Grammar the pedals. Still holding the chord, but ■ chools, was very outspoken and insisted with a light pressure, the right foot should ? ..- —- - “«-4 •» - =■• ztx zs&£&?~zs? ?, a no one was singing in time with the Please mention THE ETUDE when addressing our advertisers. now try to find middle C (on pedals), choirmaster’s baton. Thc choir master Pane 58 JANUARY 1925 ™smM | fiTUDJI JANUARY 1925 Paijc 59 ... Bsagfetfr

WESSELL, NICKEL & GROSS

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START THE NEW YEAR RIGHT' tewm****' “■•'''SS™*"-- Page 60 JANUARY 1925 j 4 fjjE ETUDE JANUARY 1925 Page 61 r T is very dangerous for anyone pos- Playing Second Violin j„ L sessed of only a slight knowledge of e eye on his music and the other on the learn by experience; and, if he is alert, the violin, either to buy or sell a violin sup¬ the Orchestra ° n °n iductor. It is practically essential that the process of learning need not be long posed to have been made by some famous ?e violinist learn to beat time with his nor troublesome. Turning-over is always maker, when the transaction involves The Violinist’s Etude By Sid G. Hedges right foot—not audibly- or clumsily, but done by the player sitting on the left of more than $300 or $400, unless some well- iust as much as is perceptible to himself a music desk. Tuning up must be done known expert has specified that the price Orchestral work requires playin„ . alone One of the principal secrets of as swiftly and quietly as possible, and one is about market value and that the violin Edited by ROBERT BRAINE a very special kind. This will ]L .7®.o{ -keeping time” is the proper accenting must not be twanging strings at every is a genuine specimen of that maker’s of music. Ordinarily, unless special signs pause in the playing. “Coming in” and handicraft. to any violin student who observe??5 It is the Ambition of THE ETUDE to make this Department second violins in a theater orchestra u direct otherwise, there should be an accent “finishing” together are points of utmost If one buys such a violin it might be “A Violinist’s Magazine Complete in Itself” first things to catch the attention o{* e after every bar line, and, when the top importance. At the opening and close figure of the time signature is an even difficult to get a refund of the money, novice will be the tremendous power,! of every piece one’s attention must be fully even with a lawsuit, if the violin proves tone that the professional player. „d number, at the second half of the measure. on the conductor’s baton. To struggle on The first of any group of notes is always not as represented. Again, if one sells to get, and the unmelodiousness J T half a beat after the remainder of the such a violin, and the purchaser learns accented. ' chuck-chucks which they seem to J' orchestra has stopped is a sure way of from some expert that it is not what it Violin Experts always playing. 10 ■* One rather disturbing peculiarity of or¬ attracting unpleasant notice. Similarly, it is represented to be, it might be difficult chestral work is the violinist’s inability cheap imitation, worth only a few dol- r.ati Symphony Orchestra. I found'the em- In a lesser degree, the same quaiiti,( is essential that the bowing of the string or impossible for the seller to return the to hear his own notes; that is, if the lars. All this time I had been unpack- inent violinist entertaining a party of required by a professional man are ner players should coincide, particularly a" money, as it might already have been orchestra is large. It is thus impossible ing the violin and at last literally forced friends at string quartet practice. He sary to any young violinist who Zu each end of a piece of music. spent, and might lead to troublesome liti¬ for him to tell if his intonation is fault¬ it into his hands. At the first glance his kindly consented to examine the violin, play in an amateur orchestra The a ' From all these things it will he seen gation. less or not. The obvious remedy is to be expressionssion changedrharmsH instantly, —iand he ex¬... One glance was enough: “A Strad,- No,” ant, on hearing good players, soon comes' that, given a good, well-sounding technic, perfectly sure that every note is stopped If one is doing business with a respon¬ amined the violin with great respect. “Ja, to realize that such things as knowle? what the orchestral aspirant next needs he exclaimed, “nothing like it A real in tune; for other people, including the sible firm of violin dealers, it is of course das ist ein echtes Ruggieri” (Yes that is of every position, ability to play all ScZ Strad,” he explained as. he- drew the bow conductor, will be able to hear although most urgently is actual orchestral practice. different. Leading dealers warrant the a genuine Ruggieri), and a very fine one m three octaves, and to play several con’ over the strings, “speaks out like a can¬ the player cannot. He should get it as soon as some lenient violins they sell, and will return the money certi from memory, have little to do wifi,’ non . This is a nice little parlor fiddle The new man in an orchestra has many amateur body will permit him to make a if the violin proves not as represented. ones qualifications as a member of an The clerks changed their tune, and I worth about $40.” little points of custom and etiquette to start. If y ou Private parties often sell imitation violins orchestra. with counterfeit labels, as genuine, not strutted out of the place as proud as Lu- Thus another Cremona bubble was Perhaps the most obvious distinction knowing that the violins are imitations. I cifer, with the envy and admiration of all bursted. this is your Opportunity! ‘,-present.j' The sequel came later, when I NowXT"~ here were two striking examples of all between the professional and the have known instances where violins have amateur is in power of tone. This, of Litt’e Hints been sold for five or ten times their real showed the violin to a leading New York of how little the two experts (?) first Thousands of beginners—boys and girls—young men course, can be developed; and the student value in this manner. expert. Why that is not a Ruggieri, nor consulted, knew about violins. Any ordin- If your violin has open cracks, or any should be sent by express, and insured for and women—are buying Saxophones and learning to anything like one,” he said, “That is a ary non-musical person or even many vio- eager tq qualify for or astral work can¬ of the parts have become unglued, or an amount which the owner considers its play. They are teaching themselves because there are Many people are mistaken in the idea yeripan violin; and, while it is a fine old linists would have supposed that a pro- not start too early to gain this “solidity” other repairs are needed, have the work full value. If a violin is shipped for re¬ few teachers. that any good violinist or music dealer With your fundamental knowledge you can master the Saxo¬ instrument worth about $400, it is nothing fessional violinist who had been educated of playing Second violin parts abound done by a good professional violin re¬ pairs from Canada, Mexico or other phone in a few weeks. You’ll find it the easiest instrument you who handles violins can certify to the c an ItalianItalian” tmrlpr ptninmif miHam it.. ~— > _ with double-stopping, and such work is. pairer. Do not take it to the nearest car¬ foreign country to the United States for ever tried to learn. . . . , t authenticity of any violin, and judge its under eminent masters in Europe, and a And it is iust as easy to teach, because it is so easy to learn. You excellent for increasing power. The last penter or cabinetmaker, nor to an amateur repair, arrangement should be made with get such quick results. You can soon make a reputation for your¬ value correctly. Where the imitation has The other experience was with a sup¬ professional violin maker and music deal- self as a Saxophone teacher and you 11 enjoy it. part of Kreutzer has many unequalled violin maker, who tinkers a bit at violin the custom authorities so that it can be been made by a master craftsman it re- poseaposed Stradivarius.stradivarius. During a vacation cr’ who had made hundreds of violins Send the coupon or a postal for free copy of our book. The studies for all varieties of double-stops. repairing. returned free of duty to the county from Story of the Saxophone/ * illustrating the first easy lesson. quires a master expert to judge whether trip I made the acquaintance of a minister himself and bought and sold thousands These should be worked at assiduously, If you live in the country, or in a town which it was shipped. BUESCHER BAND INSTRUMENT CO. (142) the violin is a real speciman of the mas¬ m a small town in Ohio, who said he had would have been able to teil at once that particularly those which entail playing at where there is no good violin repairer, In getting repairs made, the question of Everything in Band and Orchestra Instruments ter whose work has been imitated. The a genuine Strad. He unpacked it from neither of the violins submitted to them 397 Buescher Block, Elkhart, Ind. the nut. Intonation is especially difficult in you can get in correspondence with some the value of the violin enters. It cer¬ real expert must be able to recognize all ancient looking case. It was a dark col- were real Cremonas. The opinions olof double-stops. In the sixth—E, first finger of the firms of violin dealers who adver¬ tainly would be bad policy to pay an the peculiarities and characteristics of the ored instrument with brilliant varnish, and both these supposed experts, however on the D string, and C, second finger on tise in the Etude about the repairs. Some expert repairer $35 to put a $10 violin in work of all the famous makers. This it had the famous Strad label. The tone were glaringly at fault, the A string—for example, the fingers repairs, such as a new fingerboard, new proper condition. The owner of the violin takes years of experience and study. For was clear and sweet but not very loud. I am forced to this day to smile when must not be pressed so closely together neck, sound-post or bridge, have a fixed should seek to learn the true value of his this reason anyone buying or selling a My Clergyman friend told me the usual thinking how hopelessly these men fell ^TrueTone as when a semi-tone is being played on price, which could be quoted on applica¬ violin, and should get an estimate of what valuable violin should have the written wgmarole about its having "been in the down in trying to classify these violins one string; for the fingers spread apart tion ; but in the case of cracks, parts which the repairs would cost before he decides opinion of such an expert, unless thele ;,amt y tor ages> having been brought to as neither the one looked anything like a SAXOPHONE will almost pass each other, and the semi¬ have become unglued, and many other re¬ to have them made. If the violin is sent transaction is made with a reputable vio¬> *hls “TV* by a Peddler, or a pirate, I real Strad nor the other like a real Rug- tone will thus be much too small. pairs, the violin must be seen before an to an honest firm, or individual repairers, lin dealer. The opinion of an alleged ex¬ orget which. In those days I knew noth- =,eri- I could relate many similar stor- Scales in thirds, sixths and octaves estimate of the price of the work can be who have reputations to sustain, they can pert, with but a slight knowledge of vio¬ jng about Cremona violins and was con- Ies, some of them where violins changed should be practiced a good deal, always given. be relied on to advise the owner whether Increase Your lins, is but a broken reed on which to s.deraldy impressed. I asked the minister hands at a high price on the guarantee of fortissimo. So many learners are afraid it would be worth the outlay to have the lean. If the violin must be shipped, it should ill might :take it home to sh'ow it to my an expert who did not know what he was to play more than an uncertain mezzo- work done. teacher, who had been educated in Berlin talking about be placed in its case and the case then Income Through Two experiences in my boyhood days- forte. “Solidness" of tone results only packed in a wooden box, with excelsior Having the violin placed in perfect play¬ and was supposed to be a remarkable ex- The world is full of these alleged ex¬ in Ohio made such an impression on my •from much fortissimo work. The violinist or other packing material placed around ing condition makes a wonderful differ,- pert. io my surprise he consented. perts who have never learned the trade of youthful sub-conscious mind, that I have who ,cai? P'a* very loudly can usually sink it. In the case of a valuable violin, it ence in its tone. Class Piano been wary of experts all my life. The My teacher, who had seen hundreds of is a Profession in to pianissimo; but the reverse is not so first, was with an alleged Francesco Rug- famous violins in Berlin, was greatly in- 1.7’ d whlch takes as much time and often' true. Instruction gieri Cremona violin. I had bought the terested. After playing on the» violin for study to acquire as the profession of law Martellato playing, too, is a splendid What is the Viola D’Amore? violin from a German emigrant who came Halt an hour he said it was very probably medicine. thing for increasing power of tone, and tically to the scale.) The instrument is a to my house one day with several violins a genuine Strad and added, “It must !n the- case of^ a violinviuun priced at $300$ such studies are Kreutzer 2, 5, 6, 7, 10, The revival of occasional interest in “The Melody Way” trifle larger than the ordinary viola in size. carefully wrapped up in an old horse 7be worth"7“‘ ”overVC1 $1,000 aatt 'east."least.” inIn those ~ “e question as to who was its and Fiorillo 20, 26, 27, 28, 29, should be the Viola d’Amore is interesting. This blanket, and who said his father was a used constantly. quaint instrument, once so popular, de¬ The scope of an instrument of this type cheapcheap.C rem°na mS W6re Comparatively mudTless oftte P°rtanCe> since is limited because it must be played in the violin dealer in Germany and had sent - -- price is ™due to the mak¬ But orchestral second violin parts are pends for its sonority very much upon Hundreds of parents hesitate to start Likewise it affords a means of increas¬ key in which the instrument is tuned, or him these violins to sell in America. Still I was i er s name, than would be the case where quite a distinct type of music, and copies additional strings which are not played, their children with piano lessons because ing a piano teacher’s income consider¬ 't completely satisfied the immediately adjoining keys. The After considerable bargaining as to the of the actual stuff should be procured and but which vibrate sympathetically. These they fear that their child may lack the ably, both through revenue from the price, I selected an aristocratic looking old and, on the advice of a friend,'' took the cerne“T?6 An^mhlt' “instSt,.rument™ was con- strings of brass or steel are customarily Viola d’Amore was once very popular. classes themselves, and through new Vjolin to Cincinnati to show, to Henrv rv ’ A ™tatlon of any of the great studied by the aspirant. He will soon necessary music talent. fiddle with a Ruggieri label. In those days find that the absence of any melody makes seven in number. They are suspended One writer has suggested that the name, individual pupils gained from the classes. Schradieck, the famous Cdmist and aC«®ona. »akers; if made by a firAaS I had the usual faith of the novice in under the regular strings, passing through instead of suggesting that it is the “viol Miessner’s “Melody Way” of Class it very awkward if one’s place is once “The Melody Way” Course, and Teach¬ labels, and thought I had secured a won¬ writer of studies for the violin, who had $200 to^OO “soW’ 18 WOrth from lost. Clearly the professional must never holes in the bridge and under the finger¬ of love,” is really the “Viola da Mori,” Piano Instruction overcomes this obstacle recently been engaged to come from musical £ ItS merits as a er’s Manual, created by W. Otto Miessner, derful prize, as the price he asked was lose his, for there would be practically board. The main strings of the instru¬ by providing a means of getting a start Leipzig to Cincinnati to direct the Cincin- maker. *’ wlthout respect to its or “Viola of the Moors,” thus indicating composer and music educator of over a only a fraction of the then market price ment are tuned to the chord of D, thus in piano education at a very low cost to no chance of recovering it. So, then, sight¬ a Moorish ancestry for the instrument. quarter of a century experience, can now of Ruggieri’s instruments. Still I thought ascending from D on the third line in the parents. reading is the next great requirement of 1 In Mozart’s time the instrument was be obtained by mail and successfully it might be well to have the opinion of an the orchestral violinist. Sight-reading is the bass clef—D, F sharp, A, D, F sharp, expert, as to whether the violin was' gen¬ know as the violet- Twenty children- can be taught in a put into operation by you at once. The no gift—it is a talent to be acquired by A, D. The sympathetic strings are tuned, course is complete with instructions for uine, before further jubilation. In those The bass viol, with sympathetic strings, class; they are able to play a number of Fiddle Re-makers much hard work. It can be learned only on the contrary, to. the diatonic scale of organizing and teaching classes; includes days there was a violin maker, who also was known as the Viol Bastarda. simple pieces in less than twelve lessons by actual practice—not by reading or L. (Sometimes they are tuned chorma- all material needed to carry on the work. had a music shop, in Cincinnati, Herr H seems a little singular that much of delicately construct j by the Class Piano Instruction method. thinking about it, but by doing it. They advance rapidly. And they make And the cost is surprisingly low. The -—, who was considered one of the he best talent among violin makers of instrument ThereW h S° beautiful an Every student should apportion a good coupon will bring full information. Mail leading violin experts in Ohio and who the present time is devoted to re-making highest priced specialist and ^ greater progress when they start later share of his daily practice for sight¬ How the Violin got its Waistline withjndividuai lessons. even in those pre-war days, was able to violins rather than to making new ones. P?V him a large figure to rena r Th V° reading. Of course, to do the thing thor¬ sell the violins he made at $200 each The present-day makers, with few excep- The instrument may need-re™' ■V'° m’ oughly one needs to be always doing fresh (equivalent to at least $400 now). tions, bow before the art of the makeS -storing the beli ef / music. Go straight ahead, that is the By P. A. Ganinni I took the violin to this German violin of past centuries rather than attempting faPe. adjusting the bass bar, filling wor« one rule. Never mind how many blurs maker’s store and timidly announced to devised a stringed instrument that was MIESSNER INSTITUTE to make new instruments to surpass them. k°les- fltting the blocks and linings-Th" or wrong notes occur, do not pause to A very interesting article could be writ¬ s'* 154 Reed Street one of the clerks that I had a genuine to be partly guitar in shape and partly One of the reasons for this is purely thmg® recJu>re something far more than repeat or adjust anything; think only of ten upon the subject of how the violin Ruggieri, which I wished to show to preserving, at any cost, the vital rhythm like the violin, that this new form became commercial. The old violin, bought at a Su.r,e band and S°od craftsmanship The* got its waistline. Let it be remembered Herr-. At this all the clerks in the °f the music. distinguishable. This instrument is sup¬ IN ST^ IT U T E /c—details about "The Melody Way,” and that prior to the violin the bowed instru¬ store grinned, but one of them volunteered fancy price by the artist or by the connois- ,for brains and experience. Do ™ posed to have appeared first in Provence. No violinist need consider himself at ments were either of the monochord, or 154 Reed Street / to fetch the great violin authority from seur, immediately becomes a most valuable W°nder that they cost money? There Gradually came the convex back and the adequate professional standard until he can one string on a box” type, or they were Milwaukee, Wis. his sanctum. It was some time before he convex front, allowing for a bridge of Piece of property. Its owner, having toTeSr^ Wh° have the skill read the “William Tell” or the “Cosi fan °f the type of the. kind of lute with a would consent to waste his time looking lutti” overture at sight. proper height in the proper position. These Street and Number . semi-pear-shaped body. These instru- at what he was sure would prove to be a signed the check for his new property, is naturally their stvic mStrUments; a"d instruments were, for tire most part, larger ^ City and State. loath to let any bungler tamper with so pay. command large Sight-reading, of course, implies time¬ ments lacked the sonority and vitality of than the violin of to-day, but not as large reping, and in orchestral work this is no the violin, and it was not until some un¬ Please mention TItE ETUDE when addressing our advertisers. easy matter. The player needs to keep known inventor in the thirteenth century as the ’cello. JANUARY lif'. THE ETUDE JANUARY RYAj D«[ HiiM JANUARY 1925 Page 65 Page 6Jf JANUARY 1925 THE etude UDE King of Glory Day Before Yesterday World of Music To the Choir Master What to Play— (Continued from page 1) Making Early Easter Choral Cantata for Easter Opera3 Burlesque Operetta for Children What to Teach By R. S. Morrison By Cynthia Dodge A Statue ot Wagner is being erected Preparations Book and Music By Harriette Brower in the Palm Garden of Leipsig. By John W. Brigham The raising0 of.- the curtain-_ shows i„„ „ This book is aimed at one of the great- Many choir masters during January A Prologue in an Easter Cantata Gabriel Faurfl, one^oUthe foremost look over Easter Anthems, Cantatas and which in this work is made up 0f the fir t sheer hilarity is the best description of history book’s pages actually opening and est problems of the teacher and the pupil, Solos in order to secure material to meet four numbers, gives us something new u- extremely clever musical absurdity. the queer, quaint characters of the past It is like those invaluable menus which with their requirements that will make up The Cantata itself takes up the story 0f „„nes are truly funny and the music stepping out into the present. The music housewives find so practical when they are Neidermeyer worth while musical services for Easter the Resurrection and thus is pureil Thent at all difficult although good in is written in unison and most catchy and racking their brains about what to order, lied similar Sunday and other special services at Easter and joyous in character with no 1S ", sense. Glee Clubs, Community Or- easily learned while the dialog is in terse If it merely suggests a score or so of good terms which means much to the voting teaching pieces, it will prove worth while positioi successively at fet. Ionore, St. Eastertide. Theo. Presser Co. extends touch of the Lenten atmosphere. The text SLtTons and all Men’s Clubs will wel- ind the Madeleine. Ii L890 he fol- liberal examination privileges to ehoir has been compiled by the composer and is gnme this work. It is a real novelty. The actors, and therefore, to the audience. The to the teacher. It does far more than that, j^ull’ice assenet as professor i masters and, upon receipt of information strictly Biblical, or from well-known uC requires about forty minutes in ren- time of the play is a little over half an however; it tells about each piece and then vatolre iuiu 11. MLceeded Dubois as its hour. The score contains sketches of ali presents them arranged in desirable pro- directoi which position ne held till 1919. as to the capabilities of a choir and solo hymns suitable for the work. There feion which provides the better^ part of upositions include operas, incidental singers for whom material is sought, is short solos for each voice which may be a„ evenings„ * entertainment. The solo characters in costume and also all stage gram form in different grades. The Hisi « to several plays, a cantata, two e carefully treated so that any directions for dances as well as move- special advance of publication price of reqUien i, a symphony and many composi- glad to make up special selections and done in unison, except the one soprano less pretentious forms. send them for examination. solo which gives good opportunity for in¬ amateurs may give a satisfactory produc- ments of the actors. This is a npw plot, 75 cents, postpaid, will be available for tions ii A few of the latest Easter Music pub¬ dividual work. Mr. Morrison has con 1 “ 0f the comedy. An examination of new music and the novelty oi the situa- only a very short time now. Han lei’s “Tamerlalne” was recently ed at the Badisehe Landestheater, of lications are: trived to enliven his cantata with much * copy will prove of utmost interest and tions make the whole story one of great in- . perform terest. The costumes are very easily made How tO Succeed 111 Singing Karlsru he, in celebration of the second cen- NEW WORKS that any of our catalogs would be of as¬ Do, the Winter is Past, Anthem by variety by using different combinations L feel assured this work will fit in to sat¬ of its first production. sistance to you, let us know the classifica¬ Preston Ware Orem. of the voices, but the work is never diffi¬ isfy a long felt want. All characters and the staging is very easily done at a By A. BuZZi-PeCCia Advance of Publication Offers •ize of 50,000 Lire (about ?10,- tion desired, and we will make immediate Christ Our Passover, Anthem by R. M. cult and always melodious. Good volun¬ should be men or boys, but Cleopatra gfljUjTminimum of expenditure.*■■■’•" \ye not pretend that even as famous January, 1925 * mailing. Our advance of publication price for is been offered by Jl Secolo, ot Milan, Stults. teer choirs will welcome the work as most might be taken by a mezzo-soprano. The a teacher as Signor Buzzi-Peccia, teacher for stimulation of opera"’-'m,n Album of Arpeggios for the Pianoforte. 0 A great many teachers have found of one copy only is 40 cents, postpaid. Album of Song Transcriptions and Varia¬ Rejoice and Be Glad, Anthem by W. grateful for study and most satisfying in costuming and staging is very simply done of Sophie Braslau and Alma Gluck, can successful work is to be tions for the Pianoforte. especial value, the little booklet, “Guide Berwald. rendition. The time required in produc¬ and fully described in the score. The act¬ tell in one book all that we should know ing Italian opera house. A1Mm Jf1TranscrlPtions for Pipe OrginU 0 to New Teachers On Teaching the Piano- King of Glory, Easter Cantata by R. S. tion is about 40 minutes. ing practically suggests itself. Schubert Album about “How to Succeed in Singing.” If Tlle Famous “Hollywood Bowl” has 0 forte” which lists according to grades ex- Morrison. We are offering this cantata in ad¬ Our advance of publication price for For the Pianoforte* iauv,w» be could, the book might be worth thou- become the property of Los Angeles County, 0 cellent teaching pieces, collections, meth- S^atr/T'°Pera ®uriesclue—Brigham.! The Dawn, Easter Cantata for 2-part vance of publication at the special price one copy only is 40 cents, postpaid. Albums of Piano Selections from Schu- afnds of dollars a copy. However Signor California tWinsuring It. P^uity «,« Dawn of Spring—Cantata for 2 Pt. Treble 0 ods and studies. A copy of this may be Treble Voices, by Wm. Baines. Voices—Kountz . 0 had free upon request. of 30 cents, postpaid, one copy only to bert’s writings are not numerous. He has Buzzi-Peccia does tell many of those se- musical entertainment, He is Risen, Easter Solo by Paul Am- each purchaser. Order a copy of “King monv that we have been forced crets he has been giving to his pupils tor Day Before Yesterday—Operetta for Chil- Naturally these points of service are Ruth—Sacred Cantata many gems that we have been forced, !in(1 w}ii(.hs ml®t in a measure About Four Thousand Singers dren—Cynthia Dodge .... of Glory” while it is obtainable at this ?SnntZ-Pian°r Pedagogy—iviacklin.'.’ ? but incidental to the great feature of our for Women’s Voices issue a volume of his pianoforte music account for much of their success, toe jIusjcaj Festival, which was held Eleven Indian Love Songs—Three-Part ’ business, which is the prompt attention to special rate and you will receive your John M. Williams’ By Paul Bliss which contains his very best selections, bailee °f publication price of the work Northern Polytechnic and UeMingtg Cen- Chorus of Women’s Voices—Lieurance ) all mail orders, whether large or small. copy in ample time to examine it for in¬ How to Succeed in Singing—A. Buzzi- clusion in the Easter program. These selections will not include any of J« 60 cents, postpaid. tral Library Hall from November — Peccia. We carry practically everything in music Normal Class A Bible story of women, set to music for a women's chorus. The story of Na¬ his• long• and' difficult- numbers‘ but’ ■ mostly■’ Toti Dal Monte won a brilliant triumph Joily Jingles for Little Firigers^Cramm I publications and with this stock of music Mr. John M. Williams, recognized her American debut in “Lucia di Lammer- King of Glory—Easter Cantata for Mixed authority on matters pertaining to musical New Orchestra Book omi and Rutli is well-known and in this from the popular pieces and a few of the Album of Arpeggios Voices—Morrison . publications and our own catalog, which oor” with the Chicago Civic Opera Com- | contains many of the best selling and most educational work, will conduct a Normal For the School Orchestra thirty-minute cantata it is told in such an transcriptions of the famous “Schubert” For the Pianoforte rany, on November 9th. Light—Cantata for Treble Voices—kountz effective musical setting that it gains new t/°iks« Music story Book—Cooke i successful teaching works on the market, Class on Pianoforte, teaching students in songs. This excellent series of educational _ , 1 had iIts first Little Suite for Two Violins in First Posi- We are preparing a new collection of charm. The work may he sung by a large Our special advance price on this volume works. Study Pieces for Special^Purposes, presentation in English i tion—A. Hartmann . we have the material at hand to care for Philadelphia the fihst two weeks in ..’ ~ ./ * . .-i---- .. * ' American presentation ir ^ March, 1925. school orchestra music following the lines four-part chorus, or the second alto may should receive the attention of all accurate negie Hall, New York, .... — -0 - Music Scrap Book, The—Wright. 1 practically any demands for music publi¬ laid down in our earlier publications of Musical Moments—Piano-Hudson. cations that are made of us. Teachers in Philadelphia are having be omitted entirely, making it a cantata teachers, particularly the hook on arpeg- November 10 by “The English Grand Opera this class, “Presser’s Popular Orchestra gios We have now published the one on Company’’ untett. baton M^Kno^. New Anthem Book. . brought to them an opportunity that for first and second sopranos and altos. Little Folks’ Music Story Book New Orchestra Book—Parts,' each.'.'.' Cover Design Book” and “The Crown Orchestra Book.” trills and scales. All the divisions of formance giiVe promise that the organization New Orchestra Book—Piano should not be overlooked. Enrollment for There are solos for soprano, mezzo and By James Francis Cooke Contest These collections have been so successful alto. The text is strictly cliurchly and technic will receive attention in these vol- would fill a creditable place in our musical PeHands^Grieite’ N°‘ 1"Pian0> Four the Philadelphia two weeks’ course of We have just been looking over t daily lessons of two hours each should be that we have the utmost confidence that the cantata may lie given at any season umes and most likely the next one will be life- We are going to press for the Jan the new one will enjoy a large sale. It final proofs of this work and examining P1Wrieh°r the ^eve*°Pmeht of Technic— issue late in November. The E nL made early, as the class must be of a lim¬ of the year and for any service which ren¬ on wrist motion. This series is not, The Reflections for Music Students—Silber ited size. will include several particularly effective ders it invaluable in every choir-dircctor’s some of the brand illustrations made night^ lieuc supposed,CUj purely technical.-. These—- -- _ _ - [petition for Cover Design Prize Contest does not frankly the very ,)(4S contain simple pieces in the second ^fellowship„ ___sting of $1000 a year for Ruth—Cantata for Women’s Voices_Paul The “John M. Williams System of Fun¬ original compositions specially arranged repertoire. Many volunteer organizations for the book. It close until December first, hence no deci¬ for the work, also several standard num¬ easiestsiest history of music conceivable and it ,,nd third grade which cover these points three years and $1000 each year for travel¬ sion can be announced at this time. Of damental Training” Normal Classes have find tenors and basses unreliable or unob¬ ing expenses. Study and residence in the enjoyed tremendous success in Chicago, bers that are universal favorites, such as tainable, so in this work we are pleased to ~ interesting to the last word. All ot the of technic xhe object is to make the Academy, with six months of travel each course, it is already obvious to us that “Poet and Peasant” and “William Tell” pictures are to be cut out and pasted in stu(jy. as pleasing as possible and this can year are offered.__-Oculars " ’ from' ”Roscoe New York, Seattle, San Francisco, San offer a unique arid meritorious cantata for executive secretary, American certain covers, indicating that the artists Overtures, somewhat shortened, and the by the pupil. The advance sale is already be ^ £ mosf6caseS) through pieces just Guernsey, have been very limited in their artistic Diego, Los Angeles, Salt Lake City and treble voices wliich requires not too much Rome, 101 Park Avenue, New elsewhere. ‘Tannhauser” and “Aida" marches. The study, but which is sure of a cordial re¬ very large. Teachers and pupils will be ag weU ag through studies. There are York, 1925 Calendars experience, can not hope to compete suc¬ delighted when their first copies arrive. more arpeggios used in pianoforte play- cessfully with others who have spent years The system is devoted solely and exclu¬ contents will include other marches be¬ ception by the hearers. Directors of Richard Strauss has resigned as director For Music Lovers Thisrr,, ,?-,,,-.— will occur very soon. Insure receiv- '.ing , tha., ^1 T„y other division- •• of- technic,■ ■ ™; IZ ^TTSStJoaSt under able teachers in developing a technic sively to the training of teachers of piano sides several excellent concert pieces, slow women’s schools, colleges and choruses movements, etc. With special tliought to will be glad to examine this. ing yours now by sending to-day tne spe- therefore, this is the most important vol- he has declared his intention of quitting the Each year we must supply the demand of the brush and pencil. We shall hope playing and its allied theoretical subjects cial introductory price of 50 cents, post- ume 0f tjie ent;re series and we advise all villa which the city recently built for him ji for a calendar having some special rela¬ to make an announcement in February. and is planned to meet the needs of music the needs of school and amateur orches¬ Our advance of publication price for parks. Failure of his tion to music. We feel that the 1925 teachers who wish to become more efficient tras, the instrumentation will include the one copy only is 25 cents, postpaid. paid. teachers to procure at least one hook. The “Whipped Cream” ballet and disagreement Album of Song Transcriptions instruments represented in the collections advance price is 30 cents, postpaid. with the Austrian chancellor as to his salary calendar is one of the best that we have in their work. A booklet describing the aie said to have been at the root of the been able to present in a number of years. and Variations mentioned above, embracing the usual or¬ Eleven Indian Love Songs _ _ . New Anthem Book trouble. Leo Bleieh will succeed to the posi¬ There is a good variety in that sixteen for the Pianoforte tT/office ^ h3d by addreSsin« chestral combinations with E flat and B for Three-Part Chorus of The Music Scrap Book tion left vacant. His “Intermezzo” had its composers are utilized in the 1925 series flat saxophones, solo and obbligato violins, The success of this series of Anthem world premiere at Dresden, November 6, There are many hymns and songs, old Women’s Voices By N. Louise Wright when he and the cast were called before the and there are four different color combina¬ Album of Transcriptions B flat clarinets, etc. The arrangement Books, has been rather phenomenal. It Rv Thurlow Lieurance Very often it is discovered with very curtain twenty times. The libretto is by tions. The size of the 1925 calendar is 6% and new, which have been transcribed very will be confined to the easier keys and gives the average choir, a great variety of By Thurlow Lieurance young pupils, it is necessary to use some- Strauss himself, and the germ of the plot is effectively as piano solos. Many players for the Pipe Organ x 10% inches, and there are what might every concession will be made to the re¬ anthems at a remarkably low price. Gen¬ Tliis book is. now on the press and the 'tj,ing still more elementary than the usual a quarrel between a famous conductor and enjoy these and they are always appre¬ By Orlando A. Mansfield his wife. be termed two mats, the back mat being quirements of the amateur. erally there are sixty-four pages to these edition will be ready very soon. High instruction book. It is for such purposes a trifle larger than the front mat, showing ciated in the home. Usually, sucli trans¬ From time to time there have appeared Prior to publication we are booking or¬ volumes. The selections are the choicest school choruses and musical clubs will find that Miss N Loujse Wright's The Music The American Women’s Symphony criptions are of intermediate grade. Our m our catalog original numbers for piano ders for the “New Orchestra Collection” in our catalog. This new book will be therein some most interesting novelties for 8ef B()ok is wr;tten. In taking up a Orchestra made its first public appearance a contrasting color border around the -* "he Sixty-fifth Convention of the New whole of the back mat and the front mat resources are unequalled for the compila¬ solo and for violin and piano, whicli have at a cash price of 15 cents for each orches¬ along the popular order. It will be with¬ programs. These songs are all taken work of this type, it is not necessary for tion of such a volume and we aim to make City Federation of Women’s Clubs, has a round cut out two inches in diam¬ been found to be particularly well suited tral part and 30 cents for the piano part, in the ability of the average volunteer from Aboriginal material and in some tbe y0ung student to know anything about recently held, this the best collection of the kind ever eter which frames an excellent portrait of for transcription as pipe organ solos. A postpaid. 1 1 choir. There is absolutely no risk in or¬ cases the genuine Indian texts are em- fractjons or the alphabet either, for that published. Some of the melodies are number of these transcriptions have been dering a copy of this new anthem book. ployed. The choruses are not difficult to matter> since a knowledge of notation is -p^“aVd“"5*fiaTft‘Jdfedp^eee”Sv8ilnl£Parlse an old master that is attached to the back Light mat. These portraits are beautifully merely transcribed so as to become effec¬ made by Dr. Orlando A. Mansfield and Of course, the advance price is limited to sing and they are all most effective, quite incuicated through some very clever object Born at .Tupille near Liege, Belgium, March tive piano solos, while others are more tinted in soft lithographic tones. A plain they have met with much success. Re- Cantata for Treble Voices a sample copy only and not for sufficient different from the usual run of such num- jessons, in this little book the student haS 9, 1848, he was educated at the conserva- elaborate, some even having variations. border design is printed on the front mat cently Dr. Mansfield has made some new By Richard Kountz copies to supply a choir. The name has bers. Arrangements of some of the most something to play almost from the very ofhisief^cae?seSeDesa?6-HPynbergaVand In this whole volume beauty of melody is Hot as yet been selected, but the material popular Indian songs by Mr. Lieurance gtart The work w;n surely prove ihterest- Leonard. Later he studied under Joachim and a short biographical sketch of the t?n moTe^Alf^ iS upon A May Festival work with a two piano composer is given. predominant, the various ornamental still more All of these will be assembled has been given a great deal of attention. are included, such as IFturn, and By the . to youn„ students. in Berlin, which was followed by tours of accompaniment, which Is something new in passages and variations being employed m one volume. The pieces are in various It will be issued in a short time. We call Waters of Minnetonka. The special introductory price in ad- of" violin in th^Pmris^ConsCTvatSre merely to enhance the charm of the origi¬ tne held of music and very much desired, S!? aS a!U of intermediate difficulty the attention of all choir leaders to see The special introductory price in ad- vance publication is 30 cents per copy, from i S92 to 1900 and also had a consider- Real Service nal themes. chiefly adapted for church use but avail’ ihe text is a story of the origin of Light ,-ance of publication is 30 cents per copy, postpajd, able reputation as a composer for the violin. and is written in the first person. The en¬ ™at they receive a copy of this new an¬ to Music Teachers The special introductory price in ad¬ able also for picture playing. Some of them book. Twenty cents is our advance postpaid. vance of publication is 40 cents per copy, tire subject matter relates to Nature and ieel Auditor- the pieces are: Melody in D William* °t publication, cash price. Capriccio Brillante ____— - million dollars, Real service to music teachers is what postpaid. • 11 is therefore usable at any time by any Little Suite for Two Violins for the Pianoforte was dedicated with concerts by . the Sousa the Theo. Presser Co. constantly endeavors SHohatn rGa,m’ °hristiani—Melody of oody of singers. The choruses are written Band on the afternoon and evening of Octo¬ Hope DeLeone—Pastoral Calm, Parker—■ Dawn of Spring in the First Position, Op. 19 By F. Mendelssohn „„ber 17, and a season of five performances to render. Thousands of busy teachers in Elementary Piano Pedagogy Woodland Idyl, Zeckwer-Spirit of the in three parts with occasional divisions for all parts of the country know that this By C. V. Macklin Cantata for Treble Voices By Arthur Hartmann Mendelssohn’s Capriccio Brilliante is by the San Carlo Opera Company «« utium other possible effects. The melodies are one of the best exhibition pieces for school 20, 21, and 22. means promptness, accuracy, liberal ex¬ Rhm’ Johnson~ln Remembrance, von haunting and appealing, and the two In this Little Suite for Two Violins (in “Fine,” were the words our critics used By Richard Kountz — conservatory use. Without being inor- amination privileges, convenient charge when they read the manuscript of this The special introductory price in ad pianos furnish sufficient support for a big accounts, every possible consideration as All of the music in this cantata is writ- " " requires. a well- Bulletin of the Presser Home for Retired book. We need more literature which will chorus. Orchestration may be rented, tea tor solo, unison or two part singing, " — -J„- M, usic Teachers Mtilig work. The composer is one of the equipped performer fa. give it an adequate to teachers’ prices and helpfulness in every help the average young teacher just start¬ postpaid. PU 'ati0n iS 60 C6ntS Per ihis work is a dignified and difficult opus conceivable way. which renders it most useful in grade estmg w°r . vioijnjgts of the pres- interpretation. Although written origin- The Presser Home for Retired Music ing to learn some of the fundamental prin¬ and should prove most attractive for festal schools for commencement time or to The matter of helpfulness covers many Jolly Jingles occasions. The time required for rendition nrteda°; a^d heChas"L devoted a freat ally for piano with orchestral accompani- oYltsTeS ciples underlying the teaching of begin- Women’s schools or colleges. The twenty- deal o/his time to composing and arrang- ment, it goes very well with the aecom- {,ents during the past months. things, ranging from a great number of ners. Mr. Charles V. Macklin, the author for Little Fingers is twenty-five minutes. individual queries on all sorts of musical ve unnutes required in rendition is just deal— otT„ nis this, , jLittle gSuiteu;te for Two paniment ofot a secondsecona piano or withwiui a littlemuc Charlesunarms uimertGilbert »piSpross^the ot this work, has had extensive experience Our advance of publication price for enough for special musical occasions. The Jth Mr. Coghill, business questions that we cheerfully answer daily, By Helen L. Cramm one copy only is 25 cents. ViolinsTh^haT ke\)tSit entireiy in the first fnanagement, .it may be ^ EEgtfSffiZ_ Church Company, visited here and abroad in teaching problems. We story is all about a day in .spring and the jtjon and at the same time has ‘worked through as a piano solo. Our new edition the home In Noveml,-ember. Mr. Spross gave an to the making up for examination of spe¬ are very glad to make the announcement Miss Cramm must have had a jolly time position „ d b will be in score, that is to say, it will give impromptu pianofort „ cial packages of material along the lines a m composing these little pieces because Reflections ®le<* with word-pictures of nature of this work on our special introductory Which Mr. Kountz has dressed out in ercis'es—-the 1 tHB^tremolo, the pizzicato, the solo piano part in full with the second teacher is seeking and also to the furnish¬ offer. We shall issue it as soon as pos¬ Just what the name suggests for Music Students ing of catalogs covering any class of mu¬ araiinf? melodies and harmonies. The v. the arpeggios and double piano part on a separate and smaller Through the courtesy of Fortune Gallo, sible, meanwhile telling you from time to Childhood demands merriment; and^usic By Sidney Silber chromatics, f e score All previous editions have been director of the San Carlo Opera Company. sic publications desired. that is merry and pretty satisfies this lilt ness Bie tunes and the fascinating time in this column more of its particular its of the varied rhythms comhine to St The "wide-awake teacher who wants compared _ carefully and the editing and H™, . the ^ We have catalogs that are graded and characteristics and merits. Just now you craving. The result is that the student , T.*le ]ast chance offer on this excellent classified, descriptive catalogs of collec¬ goes ahead a great deal faster and a great ° wisdom condensed in small para- no Va rno's*' charming cantata. As it is omething just a little different for h.S togeriDg is of the !oes ^ t t tovltel to attend are probably interested in learning that w time to prepare for spring festivities something just a “,'^d“‘“a“V 0f this The special introductory price in ad- as tlieir guests'several performance's of the tions, methods and studies and catalogs you may secure a copy upon publication deal happier. It will pay you to order a SfJl j ls n?w at hand. The book is being 1 mted, and, unless you order a copy at e urge a careful consideration of this To?k It the spell introductoryypr«ce in vance of publication is 30 cents per copy, '&&S32SZ showing portions of many worth while by sending us the special advance of pub¬ rtti7 #fnthlS "T and fascinating work for new work. e special introductory price very soon, of publication of 30 cents a copy, postpaid. season in Philadelphia throughout the last piano or vocal publications. If you feel lication price, 75 cents, postpaid. little folks, at the special advance of pub¬ lication price of 30 cents, postpaid. your opportunity will be gone. The" special Our advance of publication price for P tPumsher’s Notes*. weeks of November.“ price is 50 cents, postpaid. e copy only is 30 cents, postpaid. JANUABY 19.1-0 Page 67 Pago 00 JANUARY iy& fUli lirl’DB

Musical Moments •n Busy Fingers, by Mabel Madison Plenty of Bargains in for the Pianoforte Wataon Etude Music Magazine Clubs Bv Mrs. H. B. Hudson Introducing this little teaching work ac- . . .. „ , COMBS CONSERVATORY L, “7.“, . , quaints the student with rhythm, develops The following is a selected list orof high-mgn- This is a pleasant little recreation book finger efficiency, independence of hands class publications which can be purchased ' ,3 ah if rio S- and SeCpnd ;,nd what Mrs Watson has been pleased i" combination with The Etude at very grade work. AH the little pieces are very to term “keyboard geography” This is substantial savings. If you wish a maga- A School of Individual Instruction A School of Public Performance nielodious and well adapted for small a practical, modemwo“at teachers dne not listed, write to us and we will be Four Pupils’ Recitals a week give ; :unity for Public Performance nZd atlJrL',„^.areMarra»gTentS m«ht utilize t0 advantage in early glad to club it with Etude at the lowest the Pupils’ Symphony Orches- lard. Peda* s offer exception! wide experiere “TLX.' SSe, ffto " •“* f°r ers. Dcgi IDE MUSIC MAGAZINE.$2.0( - —orial Review. 1.5< Ex.-. Ila (Stories of Real Life along these lines. This book may be used This JhZJ 7 f ■ , ■ ‘ „„ _ ■ $4.85 Courses ior Public School Music Supervisors ^grS‘Zrsfh ^ inStrUcLn b°°k P* colpTsitZs,a,nselIcteyd from the -> Regular price.$0.001 The special introductory price in ad- ^ Badl "if “ Six Spacious Buildings Dorm A School of Inspiration, Enthusiasm, Loyalty and Succ postpaid. I>ubl'ca*;ion is 35 cen^s Per coPy> whole plan ^of Ms WorkT to^evip ^ *7.7™floo} *- Illustrated Year Book Free music appreciation, interesting students Youth’s Companion . ( $4.85 Peer Gynt Suite, No. 1 first of all through their rhythmic percep- „ , GILBERT RAYNOLDS COMBS, Director 0ffic£o“ ■i tion and thus introducing to their under- °_p for Piano—Four Hands standing the works-----etude of the best composers. MUSIC MAGAZINE.$2,005 Rcmit . . By E. Grieg School supervisors should make certain of M°d,c™ PriscII1“ . 2.00 I For AI1 FABRIi Training Courses The Peer Gynt Suite No. 1 is of the Showingknowino- this work and.nJ-i___ many piano 4.—tteach- Christian Herald. 2.00 > £4 gQ for Teachers ARTHUR de—SINGING, |most-- popular of orchestral_ works. It is ers will he able to put it to good use. The Regular price.$6.0C GUICHARD- Faculty of 56 Zeckwer-Hahn made up of four numbers taken from the l,r*ce this work is $1.00. ETUDE MUSIC MAGAZINE. $2.0( m Specialists in incidental music to Ibsen’s play of the same Reverie Album for the Pianoforte Q ITMC M® all departments Philadelphia IhE furtisInstitutE of iusic name. As arranged for four-hands, it is Judging by the demand for a volume of > $2.85 Musical Academy Founded by Mary Louise Curtis Jioh particularly effective, either when played pieces of a character found in this album __‘gular price . . .$3.50/ HAWTHORNE Pittsburgh Musical Institute, Inc. as pure music or to accompany readings tlle Reverie Album is destined to enjoy a ETUDE MUSIC MAGAZINE.$2.00\ Both 31-133 Bellefield Avenue Pittsburgh, Pa. from the play. In the four-hand arrange- -successful sale. The pieces are within the Vl:l,th’8 Companion . 2.50 the book^ofbook of which is by Miss Regular price.$3.00/ SareSOc tXiasxy ieuAi Frances Bennett. It is full of humorous - UPON CHABU* „„ Cottos jintui, „c, Im,rue,ton, Advantages Equal to Those Found Anywhere. This little work■ork is intended to systema- and satisfying action. Anyone contem- K?YDB MUSIC MAGAZINE. $2.OOf Bolll Students may enter at any time. Send for tize technical V t. U ll WrUlm' Catalog. OBO. F. LINDNER, Director Each little studySt ZXStJFSS,_ .. pf,“t w ~ * wi Ss. .2J*} $1.00 »,Ivan,',—STATE' NORMAL SOHoJl!""c1jWot!X!'’ PeSi'a!' Peachtree and Broad Street*, Atlanta, Georgia some5 particular form of technfctechnic such as to LrtTross^o^B^rbafv6 ™',Sideratio" -?esular priro. the scale, double notes, arpeggios, etc. th“ vocal score a-ivino- ™ fi I>aPe, °f ETUDE MUSIC MAGAZINE.lp2.00-\ B . FREDERIC A. COWLES. It may be taken up before first grade “ $100 * 8 P ^ d‘al°g’ W°man 8 Home Companion.. .*1.50 ( VIRGIL work is over and it will serve to" help Regular prict $3.50/ Save 25c carry the student on into second grade Vision of Deborah—Sacred Cantata, by ___ virgil . ESTABLISHED 1857 work. These little studies are very pleas¬ Richard Kieserling ETUDE MUSIC MAGAZINE. $2.00' ing to play. The book will soon be ready, A choir or choral society may present Koy 8 Life. 2.00 CONSERVATORY The ‘special introductory "price'~in~~ad- f f .7 g°°d effect. a!.an>r season E^ular price $4.00/ Save 50c CONSERVATORY BALTIMORE, MD. ilj2—1 -_s ^publication is 25 cents per copy, PEABODY postpaid. AMERICANS the work -put v:- in for rehearsinge11 rePaid forit. allIt ofis Mo?e?n uriscilla.Pdscma MAGAZINE’ *^22 no) HAROLD RANDOLPH, Director -n excellent musical setting of a Biblical Regular prh —\ $3c The Following Works Were .$4.00/ Save _ CHICAGO gggg One of the oldest and most noted Music Schools in America. Brought to Attention on througliout the work, The price of this McCall’s 12.00-1 Advance of Publication work is 75 cents. 1.00 ( Offer for the Last Time in Six Study Pieces in Thirds for the Piano Regular price . 3M>) £2 CINCINNATI li;:! Our December, 1924, Issue by Cart, Moter ETUDE MUSIC MAGAZINE.$2,001 CONSERVATORY OF SUMMER MASTER SCHOOL-1923 1 atuuuucr . A 00l Barbarossa of Barbary, Musical Com- + This book** will be of great assistance to DETROIT $2.50 edy byhvr RonnoFfBennett and.,„/4 TL.I+fBritton.™ teUUierS,""1'.it helps to introduce a figure Regular price ... ,$3.0o/ of technic the early intermediate The Cat Concert, Characteristic Piano EDDY sschetlzl' ¥echine. Pieces by R. S. Gilbert. grades which is usually not met until later, ?TD1 :s «, aine, Ohio. Reverie Album for the Pianoforte. thus preparing most pleasantly the work “ Ten Busy Fingers, by Mabel Madison to come. These pieces are quite interest- Regular price KNOX' Josef Lhevinne Mme. Delia Valeri Watson. Is^eoTettf ^ t0°- The PriCe °f thG b°°k ETOLE music; MAGAZINE. Jp2.00\ Vision of Deborah, Sacred Cantata by Richard Kieserling. Etude Binders At Cost Regular price TOMLINSON ■ WORLD RENOWNED PIANIST FAMOUS VOICE TEACHER of New York City Rhythms for Young People, by Blanche Fox Steenman. You now have a complete issue of DeiiiSatorrUSIL MAGAZINB.$2.ou| Bolh Six Study Pieces in Thirds for the 1924 Etude Musrc Magazine. Is the issue Will Conduct Master Classes Piano, by Carl Moter. so arranged that you can lay your hand on any copy that you wish? We have a Regular price ...".$4.0o| Sa^eSo! WESTERN With the advent of the new year we are able to place these new works on the mar¬ ^TUDE MUSIC MAGAZINE.«•* o $3.50 Graded Materials John J. Hattstaedt, Pres.—KIMBALL HALL, CHICAGO teacher of the pianoforte and two are of a ,,leasure in nnilinp- Regular price . $4 00 j Sare 50c type with which choir masters and choral tn vnn t,n.u.,M Mngg one of these binders for the Pipe Organ Remember, $2.00 covers By JAMES IL ROGERS conductors should be familiar. The follow- - " - = School and College Announcements Continued on Pages 68 and 69 ing paragraphs will give an idea of each 'ini/ cnTnf fL uf.1 ’ "“f,'"'fa,ctl1 r‘ Saturday Hvrai5e''p™r 9uote«.: Designed to give a good working of these new publications: willTi" 5 ,ndef* ln and you i.adie8. Home Journal . knowledge of the instrument. will have made an investment which will Country Gentleman . An instniction book of great worth, giv¬ Gilbert faction to you. Above prices do not include Canadian ing explanations and directions so clearly siffpy wnil.OW TUNE— By RICHARD KOUNTZ—The Beautiful Song that so This is a little book containing _ ■ foreign postage. that anyone with a knowledge of the piano unique piano coin positions, each one but Fake Magazine Agents could use this work for the study of the Quickly Won ihe Favor of Thousands-NOW ON VICTOR RECORDS-Sung by Elsie Baker o pages long. Each piece is descripti Wc are sorry to say, that the fail crop Premium Workers organ without the aid of a teacher, even some portion of a fanciful Cats’ ~ though it is not so intended by the author . O i r to nlav it for you—This is a Song you will enjoy possessing in your Record Library of complaints is coming in as usual from Ask your Local Victor Dealer to play it ror y cert. Little black and white pen ske people who have subscribed to The u you received your 1925 Premium particularly. Naturally a teacher should beside the opening measures of eacii g? If not, drop us a card and wc he secured whenever 'possible, but there Cl FFPY HOLLOW TUNE is Published in the following Arrangements: Etude, paid the canvasser and are not arc cases when a teacher is not available or add to tile attractiveness of the book._ ,receiving w the copies. Pay no money ■nd a copyV . to— you. ManyHifttiv jspiensplendid at- S Olo Low Voice Price 45 cents MIXED QUARTETTE 12 cents MEN’S QUARTETTE 12 cents young student getting along nicely -with anyone * „ , r - .^ - tractive and useful gifts can 1»p cannot be afforded. VOCAL SOLO, Medium Voice FHce^cent^ ^RUS FQR WOMEN’S VOICES.. 12 cents ORCHESTRA. .35 cents fko nvarnivD G v-t-4- _IJ 1 J . , Price $1.25 fe. *».^ wsarJsr-*,jsj: able to take up the study of these pieces, lous canvasser THEO PRESSEtTcO., Music Publishers and Dealers, 1712-1714 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pa. They are sure to hold their interest. subscriptions. Please help THEODORE PRESSER CO. The price of this work is 60 cents. you. - ss& 1710-1712-1744 CHESTNUT ST. ment on inside back cover. PHILADELPHIA, PA. Page 68 JANUARY 1926 the etodb JANUARY 1926 Page 69 i etude NOTICE-TEACHERS OF PIANOFORTE USING THE “JOHN M. WILLIAMS’ SYSTEM OF FUNDAMENTAL TRAINING” ARE EARNING FROM $200 to $600 MONTHLY. ARE YOU ? If not—Write to us for booklet describing this system of Normal Training SUMMER MASTER SCHOOL ^ wr 7 x Established 1867 rs in Mother Goose Land.” (Schiri If you have used any of these books and liked them you would enjoy and June 29 to August 8 (Six Weeks) profit by joining one of Mr. Williams’ NORMAL CLASSES FOR TEACHERS OF PIANOFORTE AND TEACHERS’ TRAINING CLASSES FOR PIANO , V...S?,eI*2 that ^Peared in “THE ETUDE’ .or jan., =SUMMER FACULTY^ .titled “WHAT TO TEACH AT THE VERY FIRST LESSONS’ STUDENTS WHO WISH TO BECOME TEACHERS. and address for keyboard chart—for dating the keys of the pianoforte with the notes. n the grand staff—sent absolutely free upon request. William S. Brady Richard Hageman ITINERARY- Prof. Leopold Auer Herbert Witherspoon Noted Coach and Accompanist Famous Singer and Teacher Celebrated Vocal Instructor Feb. 16 to Feb. 28 PHILADELPHIA. Mar. 2 to Mar. 14 Master Violin Instructor of the World Mar. 16 to Mar. 28 CHICAGO.April 1 to April 15 Percy Grainger Isaac Van Grove W. Otto Miessner Sergei Klibansky J ... in- -Pt Conductor C.hirnc/nChicago OpeOoerai_ Notable Authority on Public School PACIFIC COAST CITIES, SPRING AND SUMMER OF 1925 Renowned Pianist Music Each Class will be of two weeks' duration (daily class lessons of two hours each). Early enrollment is urged as the size of all classes will be limited. ^vTca^Teacher^8 ue.eeru.euCelebrated Opera-- Coach Booklet describing the Course in detail sent upon request. Address JOHN M. WILLIAMS SYSTEM OF FUNDAMENTAL TRAINING FOR TEACHERS OF PIANOFORTE Florence Hinkle Leon Sametini nifeflSL must^i^^ Theorist P. O. BOX 216, TRINITY STATION, NEW YORK C America’s Foremost Sopranothe° F^^^Faculty^of Over 100 Brilliant Artist-teachers TEACHERS’ CERTIFICATES A.IMD DEGREES EASTMAN SCHOOL OF MUSIC NEW YORK SCHOOLo/MUSIC and ARTS of Teachers’ Certificates and the Degrees of Bachelor of Music, Master of Music, a*ratUfact^ examination. 148-150 Riverside Drive Ralfe Leech Sterner, Director Oratory will be conferred at the end of each summer session upon professionals who have the q Lesson periods should be engaged now. Full details in Summer Catalog. Complete summer catalog on request._ 1-—-7| The University of Rochester New York’s Oldest Music School Remarkable Courses in—Expression and Unexcelled Normal Courses in Piano, Remarkable Courses in—Public School Dramatic Art, Musical Theory and Com¬ Many new and wonderful features planned for the coming season by this Institution. Violin, Vocal, Expression and Same celebrated faculty headed by Ralfe Leech Sterner, Music, Lyceum and Chautauqua, Movie position, Opera Coaching, Accompanying Dramatic Art ERNEST BLOCH Arthur Friedheim, Paul Stoeving, Frederick Riesberg Picture Organ, Languages will conduct and other celebrated masters. Individual instruction. Entrance at any time. SEVERAL FREE AND PAR¬ TIAL FREE SCHOLARSHIPS OPEN FOR COMPETITION. Dormitories in Application Blank on Rtouest. Five Master Courses School Building. A real home for music students. FREE SCHOLARSHIPS Each Course One Week—Five 2 Hour Sessions Many Free Classes and Lectures. Diplomas and Teachers’ Certificates. Public Fall Session Opens September 14 Concert every Thursday night. Vocal, Piano, Violin and all Instruments. Public Dormitory Accommodations r““ j _ am Teaching Methods—Practical Harmony—Style—Form—Fugue School Music Dept. Dramatic Art, Drawing and Painting, Dancing and Languages. ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ON REQUEST BEGINNING FEBRUARY 2nd, 1925 CHICAGO MUSICAL COLLEGE For Information Address Secretary-Manager Eastman School of Music, Rochester, N. Y. ’ PIANO CONSERVATORY 60 E. Van Buren Street, (g&JSS9 Chicago,^ VIRGIL_ A MASTER SCHOOL [THACAfONSERmTORY 34th SEASON | YOU ARE WELCOME \~ NOW OPEN "I of MRS ^a^i1ogCATALOGIRGIL ’ DIRECT0R PHONE:,20W-72ND ENDICOTT ST NEW 1137 YORK £ iW^ffiiKicjSchoot Cincinnati (fonsertiatorig of|tlusic jOOL u™- ptffgMUSIC SIGHT READING % New York fe DeWltt Pei MADE EASY FOR PIANISTS FEEL MUSIC PIANISTS can become perfect sight SUMMER SESSION OF THE DEPARTMENT OF For PIANISTS, ACCOMPANISTS and Registered with N. Y. State Board of Regents. INSTITUTE Paid out $50,000.00 last readers by studying my course on TEACHERS II branches of music taught. Unusual advantages KNOW MUSIC year1 s advanced students PUBLIC SCHOOL MUSIC (Accredited) i Concert work. Normal Training Classes. Prac- OF for the teaching they did in The SIGHT, TOUCH and HEARING -ce^teachers available. Master Courses with Intensive six weeks’ courses giving credit toward certificates, diplomas and degrees PLAY MUSIC its twenty-one Chicago Neighborhood System of Teaching. Write for Booklet Special Student C “sSSSSiiiS Instruction in Orchestral Instruments and in organization of School Orchestras buildings, including Dormitories, Auditorium, Gym- er 22nd. MUSICAL ART Branches. This enabled them to con¬ pract;c£—faults made and how re^t.fied- Correspondence _ THE NATIONAL CONSERVATORY of the tinue their studies with the renowned Affiliation with the University of Cincinnati provides a complete course for Public Musinianshipg&PUyl^fo; Artist Teachers of its Faculty. More School Music Supervisors OF MUSIC OF AMERICA Two, three and four year courses begin with CITY OF NEW YORK Branch Studios are beinfc planned, Complete Course of 5 lessons by mail, $5.00 FOUNDED BY JEANNETTE M. THURBER opening of Fall Term, September 25. Sight SInging without "Do re mi,” Satisfadion Guaranteed or Refund made Ideal Home Department on the campus for students from a distance Only Conservatory chartered by Congress 120 Claremont Avenue, Cor. 122nd St. which will offer similar opportunities Normal Teachers in every State. to others. DANF0RD HALL CHICAGO Send for Summer Announcement to BERTHA BAUR, Director Fortieth Season Send for Catalogue or call for demonsiration. Complete, Conservative, Classical, Highland Ave., Burnet Ave., and Oak St., CINCINNATI, OHIO Musical Education AMERICAN INSTITUTE EFFA ELLIS PERFIELD FRANK DAMR0SCH, Dir. PERCY FULLINWIDER Solfeggio (best sight reading method) Madison Avenue, (30th St.), New York City Send for catalogue VIOLINIST basic foundation of all musical studies, introduced OF APPLIED MUSIC Phone Madison Syuare 9089 M1LLIKIN CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC in this Conservatory in 1885, still taught as in tl k DECATUR, ILLINOIS lawrenceioconIervatory Detroit Conservatory of Music Paris Conservatoire. METROPOLITAN COLLEGE OF MUSIC Offers thoro training in music. Courses leading to APPLETON, WIS. Ad. Sec’y, 126 West 79th St., N. Y. City Bachelor of Music Degree. Diploma, and Certifi¬ A MASTER TEACHER A„ President cate in Piano, Voice. Violin. Organ, Public School /ice-Preg' * Kate S. Chittenden, Dean [pCollege of Fine Arts=i Music Methods and Music Kindergarten Methods. Unusual d°PP°5unjiJinfor write for 51st Year Evangelistic Students May Enter NOW Finest Conservatory in the Syracuse University ""cARL J8 WATERMAN, Dean, MRS. BABCOCK Harold L. Butler, Dean students courses of study based upon the best modern educa- Offers De^artments-Piano, Voicei. Violin. Cello. Organ. Theory. QFFERS Teaching Positions, Col- Piano Playing tional principles. Public School Mm*ic and Drawing, etc. Diplomas and Degrees conferred, '“'leges, Conservatories, Schools. ntages. Desirable boarding - Catalog fret Also Church and Concert Engagements MME. TINA LERNER U I Tree bulletin- LAWRENCE CONSERVATORY CARNEGIE HALL, NEW YORK Piano Master Class slAS^fMa'i^^otrub'lo ScwTmrioConr^ Address JAS. H. BELL, Sec’y, Dept.7,5035 Woodward Ave., Detroit, Mich. Front View Conservatory Bldg. Six Weeks Beginning SCHOOL.ft SeortNCe"««eT“ntplomas'and Degrees awarded. Dormitories. Free Catalog IF YOU WISH TO EARN MONEY IN Crane Normal Institute of Music Very often the playing of hymns as they are MUSIC : Minneapolis School of Music YOUR SPARE TIME, WRITE FOR Training School for Supervisors of Music VLADIMIR SHAVITCH CARL J. WATERMAN, Dssn Appleton, Wisconsin BOTH SEXES For Circulars, address Master Class in Conducting The effectX£Ssbg°nVo^TL"rl^1rta is usuaUy ORATORY AND DRAMATIC ART THE PLAN WE HAVE TO OFFER. Voice culture, sight-singing, ear-training, harmony the main thought in the mind of the composer, L WILLIAM H. PONTIUS, Director form, music-history, chorus-conducting, methods, D. THOMPSON, Managing Director Ten Weeks Beginning March 2 Subscription Department practice-teaching. Graduates hold important posi¬ IT u jUestion of l,ow many notes the right and 60-62 Eleventh St., So,, MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. tions in colleges, city and normal schools. 212 West 59th St., New York City THE ETUDE MUSIC MAGAZINE Unexcelled advantages for the study of music I THINK OF SUMMER Large Facility of European and American Artist Teachers. 1710-1712-1714 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa. 53 MAIN ST., POTSDAM, NEW YORK Circle 5329 Four-year courses leading to the Bachelor’s degree The School and College Announcements in THE t ^ Special certificate courses. Special students panimentstohymn- [ the study advantages you desire. _ —j- - enter at any time. Dormitory with 42 practice ibject to all pianists who should become Michigan State Normal College Conservatory of Music VIRGIL SCHOOL OF MUSIC pipe organs. WRITe'fOr'catALOg!' ^ [danvs WARREN, OHIO courses in singing, v,au„, -.gan, violin and theory., Founded by the late A. K. Virgil Courses for training supervisors and teachers of public school in The Courtright < Graduation leads to a life certificate valid m most states of the_ur Originator of the Virgil Method, Inventor of the Virgil Practice Clavier The Only University of «"£££%£Lc„™ ot exceed six dollars per week. Tuition and fees exceptionally low. System of Musical t PRESSER CO. Total living expense ind Dealers. Est. 1883 A‘l branches taught on the daily lesson plan • • P® Collrse for 1925.26 Write for CataXoo Kindergarten II particulars address: Mrs. k. K. VIRGIL, 510 West End A t., PHILADELPHIA, PA. Pupil, n- • . • t_ o.—™. Coune for 1925 and rveg _ Michigan State Normal College Conservatory of Music, Dept. 9, Ypsilanti, Mich. Mrs. Lillian Courtright Card, II Please mention THE ETUDE when addressing a S when addressing our advertisers. Page 70 JANUARY 1925 THE etui the ETUDE JANUARY 1925 Page 71

U mmmm- ^JUNIORr ETUDE

CONDUCTED BY ELIZABETH A GEST

Musical Terms Lester and the Four Giants An Ambitious Lad

List No. 13 'Said a lad from Havana, who played on the harp, “I am making mistakes, I must learn to B#; For if I don’t rectify errors like that,

Puzzle Corner

A Dolls’ Concert

VERTICAL 1. The measurement of rhy Some of my pupils, after having studied ggested to all my pupils, 3 they prepare a “pro¬ composition, would go on to new ones 5". An ornamc gram” and give a concert to their dolls. nd let the old ones “go stale.” They ly.” One doll might be Hofmann; one, Pader¬ elt, somehow, that, when the lesson for 9. A musical he week had been practiced, they had done ewski; one, Leginska; and so on, naming each doll after a famous pianist. This, I HORIZONTAL heir duty. One pupil said, “Whenever 1. A musical sound. vc have company I play my old pieces. explained, would make them feel that they had a very critical audience, so that they 2. A Mother always likes to have me play for 4. A hem” “But,” I replied, “arent you would need careful practice in order to have a presentable program. 6. A .shamed to play pieces that you only half 8. A fast emember?” She hung her head and said My little pupils readily grasped this suggestion, with the result that every now 10. A horrible 1 lothing. „ ... ., . 11. A character “Playing for others”—evidently that and then they give me a report of their 12. Part of the vas one way of keeping up a repertoire. “concerts.” 13. Part of the Page 72 , THE ETUDE

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