CENSUS OF INDIA 1981
SERIES 18
RAJASTHAN
PARTS XIII-A & B DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK (Village & Town Directory Village and Townwise Primary Census Abstract)
DUNGARPUR DISTRICT
I. C. SRIVASTAVA of the Indian Administrative Service Director of Census Operations, Rajasthan
FOREWORD
Population Census provides data-base for economic and social planning to planners and administrators at all levels. The village and town-wise Census data compiled and processed by the Directorate of Census Operations are being published in the form of District Census Handbook for each district, which, I am sure, will be found quite useful, informative and interesting by planners, administrators as well as academicians and research scholars.
Each District Census Handbook comprises two parts: Part-A containing information on the amenities available in each village/town and Part-B population totals and other demographic data. Some additional information regarding amenities added, in the past ten years, in each village/town has also been provided in these volumes.
Shri I. C. Srivastava, Director of Census Operations, Rajasthan and his colleagues who have endeavoured for several months to complete these comprehensive and useful volumes deserve to be congratulated for accuracy and their timely completion.
M. M. K. WALl JAIPUR Chief Secretary January 26, 1983 Government of Rajasthan
PREFACE
The District Census Handbook (DCH), compiled by the Census OrganisatIon on behalf of the State Government, is one of the most valuable products of the Census. The DCH is constantly referred to by planners, administrators, academicians and researchers. It is inter alia used for delimitation of constituencies, formulation of local level and regional plans and as an aid to district administration. The District Census Handbook is the only publication which provides Primary Census Abstract (PCA) data upto village level for the rural areas and ward wise for each city or town. It also provides data on infrastructure and amenities in villages and towns etc.
The District Census Handbook series was initiated during the 1951 Census. It contained important census tables and PCA for each village and town of the district. During 1961 Census the scope of the DCH was enlarged and it contained a descriptive account of the district, administrative statistics. census tables and village and town directory, including PCA. The 1971 DCR series was planned in three parts. Part-A related to village and town directory, Part-B to village and town PCA and Part-C comprised analytical report. administrative statistics. district census tables and certain analytical tables based on peA and amenity data in respect of villages. However. in some states it was confined to district census tables and in a few cases altogether given up due to delay in compilation and printing.
While designing the format of 1981 DCB series some new features alongwith the restructuring of the formats of village and town directory have been attempted. At the same time, comparability with the 1971 data has also been kept in view. All the amenities except power supply in the village have been brought together in the village directory with the instruction that in case an amenity is not available in the referrcnt village the distance in broad ranges from the nearest place where the amenity is available may be given. The restructuring of the format of the village directory and incorporating more exhaustive data on infrastructure aspect particularly in relation to amenities and land-use pattern is expected to further meet the need of micro level planning for rural areas. It is expected to help not only in local area planning but regulating the provision of goods and services as well so as to minimise the regional imbalances in the process of development. A few new items of information have also been introduced to meet some of the requirements of the Revised Minimum Needs Programme. Such new items of information as adult literacy centres, primary health sub-centres, and community health workers III the village have been introduced in the village directory with this objective in mind. The new item on approach to the village is to have an idea about the villages in the district which are inaccessible. A new column, "total population and number of households" has been introduced to examine the correlation of the amenities with the population and number of households they serve. Addition of two more appendices listing the villages where no amenities are available and according to the proportion of scheduled caste and scheduled tribe population to the total population has also been made with this view in mind.
The formats of the town directory have also been mC)dified to meet the requirements of the Minimum Needs Programme by providing information on a few new items. A new statement on civic and other amenities in slums in Class-I and Class-II towns lStatement IV-A) has been introduced with this objective in mind. It is expected that this will help the planners to chalk out programmes on provi sion of civic amenities for the improvement of slums. The columns on Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes population in Statement IV relating to civic and other amenities and adult literacy classes/centres under educational facilities in Statement V are also added inter alia with thL, view. A signifkant additIon is dass of town in all the seven statements of the town din:ctory. The infrastructure of ( iv ) amenities in urban areas of the country can be best analysed by taking the class of towns into considera tion. The addition of the columns on civic administration status and population in a few statements also serves this purpose.
The format of the Primary Census Abstract for the villages and towns has been formulated in the light of changes in the economic and other questions canvassed through the Individual Slip of 1981 Census.
In order to avoid delay in publication of 1981 DCH series it has been so designed that Part-A of the volume contains village and town directory and Part-B, the PCA of villages and towns including the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes PCA upto Tehsil/Town levels. At the beginning of the DCH a detailed analytical note supported by a number of inset tables based on PCA and non-census data in relation to the infrastructure has been introduced to enhance its value. The district and tehsil/police station/C D Block etc., level maps depicting the boundaries and other important features have been inserted at appropriate places, to further enhance the value of the publication.
This publication is a joint venture of the State Government and the Census Organisation. The data have been collected and compiled in the State under the direction of Shri I. C. Srivastava, the Director of Census Operations, Rajasthan on behalf of the State Government which has borne the cost of printing. The task of planning, designing and coordination of this publication was carried out by Shri N. G. Nag, Deputy Registrar General (Social Studies) of my office. Dr. B. K. Roy, Deputy Registrar General (Map) provided the technical guidance in the preparation of the maps. Data received from Census Directorates have been scrutinised in the Social Studies Division at the headquarters under the guidance of Shri M. M. Dua, Senior Research Officer. I am thankful to all who have contributed in this project.
NEW DELHI P. PADMANABHA January 26, 1983 Registrar General, Indio ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We are deeply indebted to the State Government for their prompt help to us at all stages of Census Operations. We are beholden to Shri M. M. K. Wali, Chief Secretary, Rajasthan for his unstinted support and continued encouragement to us at all stages of work as also for having consented to write the Foreword for the series. The former. Chief Secretary, Shri G. K. Bhanot who inaugurated the two State-level Census conferences infused a sense of urgency and seriousness in the minds of Collectors and other officers engaged in Census work at the district level, which went a long way in gearing up the entire administrative machinery and we are extremely grateful to him. Several depart ments of the State Government among which General Administration, Educatioa, Community Develop ment, Economics & Statistics, Public Relations, Printing and the Department of Personnel deserve special mention, extended utmost cooperation and help in both the phases of Census Operations. The District Collectors played a pivotal role in successfully conducting and supervising census operations despite their multifarious responsibilities. They were assisted well by ADMs/SDOs, Tehsildars and Municipal Officers and other Charge Officers. The Supervisors and Enumerators, the basic census functionaries worked ceaselessly in the entire period of field-work to make 1981 Census Operations smooth and successful. We are deeply grateful to Shri P. Padmanabha, Registrar General & Census Commissioner J ndia for his sustained support and spontaneous. unfailing guidance throughout our endeavours. Our grateful thanks are due to Shri V. P. Pandey, Shri N.G. Nag, Shri K.K. Chakravorty and Dr. B.K. Roy, the four Deputy Registrar Generals and their colleagues at the headquarters for their ever-willing, helping hand and thoughtful suggestions for putting together and shaping the volumes in their present form. Shrimati Meenakshi Hooja and Shri S. C. Varma. the two Deputy Directors incharge of District Handbooks who were ably assisted by Shri Shamsher Singh, Assistant Director and Shri WaH Haider and their team of workers deserve all praise for their perseverance and dedication to work. Shri G. D. Agrawal, Assistant Director has taken pains in drafting the analytical notes for Dungarpur District Census Handbook. Finally, the entire manuscript was thoroughly scrutinised and made press worthy by the specially the constituted co-ordination cell headed by Shri R. C. Bhargava, ASSIstant Director, who was very well assisted by Shri G. D. Agrawal, Assistant Director, Sarvashri R. A. Gupta and R. N. Verma, Senior Supervisors and whose efforts deserve special mention. In drafting] the portion relating to the short history of the district, assistance was sought from Shri Vijai Shankar Srivastava, Deputy Director, Archaeological Department, Rajasthan whose contribution is gratefully acknowledged. The Primary Census Abstract, the population profile for all the administrative units of district was first prepared in Regional Tabulation Office, Udaipur headed by Shri Lalit Kishore Chaturvedi, Deputy Director, who put in his 'Labour of Love' to ensure its timely preparation. In this task he was assisted by Shri Abdul Waheed, Investigator.
The PCA and various other tables were scrutin~sed and finalised for publication under the close supervision and guidance of Shri R. C. Bhargava, Assistant Director by his team of zealous workers headed by Shri R. N. Verma. Their precision and promptitude in delivering goods deserve special mention. The members of the staff in the Art Section did a commendable job, first, under the guidance of Shri M.L. Kumawat. Sr. Geographer, a highly experienced census hand and later under Shri K. S. Thakur, Research Officer. Shri S. R. Luhadia, Deputy Director l Technical) closely watched and guided the preparation of demographic and other maps being included in District Census Handbook volumes. Shri M. M. Goyal, Investigator and official incharge of printing personally looked to various aspects of printing work alongwith his associates, which has ensured the timely release of volumes and all credit goes to him for getting them through the press. We are also highly thankful to Shri K. C. Ajmera of Mahavir Printing Press, M. I. Road, Jaipur for making special arrangements for printing and for supervising personally all processes thereof.
JAIPUR J. C. SRIVASTAVA RepublIc Day, 1983 MEMBERS OF TliE STAFF ASSOCIATED WITH THIS PUBLICATION
Village and Town Directory: 1. Shri Pratap Singh Statistical Assistant 2. Shri Narain Singh Khejroli Statistical Assistant 3. Smt. Usha Sharma Statistical Assistant 4. Smt. Santosh Malakar Statistical Assistant 5. Km. Nishi Saxena Comput~r 6. Km. Kusum Lata Yadav Computor 7. Shri Bhagwan Sahai Sankhla Computor 8. Shri Arun Kumar Jain Computor 9. Sbrj Shyam Narain Bbeda Comput~r 10. Shri Kailash Narain Sharma Computor Primary Census Abstract: 1. Shri N. K. Baj Investigator 2. Shri Abdul Waheed Investigator 3. Shri T. C. Basandani Investigator 4. Shri K. B. Sharma Statistical Assistant 5. Shri Gope Raja Statistical Assistant 6. Shri M. L. Sindhi Statistical Assistant 7. Shri V. D. Chandwani Statistical Assistant 8. Smt. Charu Mathur Statistical Assistant 9. Shri Beechittar Singh Computor 10. Shri O. P. Badaya Computor 11. Shri N. K. Gupta Computor 12. Shri Mukesh Bhargava Computor Maps: 1. Shri Autar Singh Sf. Geographer 2. Shri N. R. Sisodia Geographer 3. Shri Mukut Guria Geographer 4. Shri D. L. Verma Sf. Artist 5. Shri Hem Singh Sr. Draftsman 6. Shri Sardul Singh Artist 7. Shri M. S. Panwar Artist 8. Shri P. K. Sharma Artist 9. Shri L. L. Padiyar Draftsman 10. Shri Indra Narain Draftsman Typing: 1. Shri S. C. Saini Computor 2. Shri S. K. Ajmera Computor 3. Shri H. Tambi Operator Printing: 1. Shri Kanhaiya Lal Statistical Assistant 2. Shri R. K. Sharma Proof Reader 3. Shri Simon Paul Proof Reader 4. Shri Tribhuwan Das5 Ramawat Computor RAJASTHAN
l>OPULA nON PROFILE (CENSUS 1981)
Percentage to total Decennial population Growth Area Population Rank Literacy Sex State/District (in sq.km) of Rate Rate Ratio Rajasthan 1971-81 1981
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
RAJASTHAN 342,239 34,261,862 100.00 +32.97 24.38 919 30.48
1. Ganganagar 20,634 2,029,968 3 5.93 +45.62 26.03 874 29.48
2. Bikaner 27,244 848,749 20 2.48 +48.08 28.20 891 29.31
3. Churu 16,830 1,179,466 1 ) 3.44 +34.88 21.86 954 29.50
4. Jllunjhunun 5,928 1,211,583 15 3.54 +30.39 28.61 956 25.04
5. Alwar 8,380 1,771,173 5 5.17 +27.32 26.53 892 26.73
6. Bharatpur 8,100 1,884,132 4 5.50 +36.43 26.05 831 27.27
,. Sawai Madhopur 10,527 1,535,870 9 4.48 +28.68 23.23 867 28.86
8. Jaipur 14,068 3,420,574 9.98 +37.79 31.40 894 29.37
9. Sikar 7,732 1,377,245 11 4.02 +32.09 25.43 963 24.62
10. Ajmee 8,481 1,440,366 10 4.20 +25.50 35.30 922 35.83
11. Tonk 7,194 783,635 22 2.29 +25.21 20.56 928 33.87
12. Jaisalmer 38,401 243,082 26 0.7t +45.77 15.80 811 32.09
13. Jodhpur 22,850 1,667,791 6 4.87 +44.68 26.64 909 30.59
14. Nagaur 17,718 1,628,669 7 4.75 +29.04 19.38 958 33.11
15. Pali 12,387 1,274,504 13 3.72 +31.39 21.87 946 32.07
16. Harmer 28,387 1,118,892 17 3.27 +44.41 12.29 904 31.85
17. Jalor 10,640 903,073 18 2.64 +35.20 13.70 942 29.41
18. Sirohi 5,136 542,049 25 1.58 +27.90 20.07 963 29.46
19. Bhilwaea 10,455 1,310,379 12 3.82 +24.22 19.79 942 38.50
20. Udaipur 17,279 2,356,959 2 6.88 +3Q.68 22.01 977 30.13
21. Chittaurgarh 10,856 1,232,494 14 3.60 +30.32 21.94 951 37.81
22. Dungarpur 3,770 682,845 23 1.99 +28.78 18.52 1,045 27.19
23. Banswara 5,037 886,600 19 2.59 +35.44 16.85 984 27.97
24. Bundi 5,550 586,982 24 1.71 +30.72 20.14 887 33.93
25. Kota 12,436 1,559,784 8 4.55 +36.36 32.33 888 30.40
26. Jhalawar 6,219 784,998 21 2.29 +26.21 22.11 926 35.96 FACTS FROM FIGURES
RAJASTHAN DUNGARPUR STATE DISTRICT
POPtJLATTON TOTAL Persons 34,261,862 682,845 Males 17,854,154 333,951 Females 16,407,708 348.894
RURAL Persons 27,051,354 638,719 Males 14,013,454 310,714 Females 13,037,900 327,995
URBAN Persons 7,210,508 44,126 Males 3,840,700 23,227 Females 3,369,808 20,899
DECENNIAL POPULATION GROWTH RATE 1971-81 +32.97 +28.78
AREA (Sq. Km) 342,239 3,770
DENSITY OF POPULATION (Per Sq. Km) 100 181
SEX RATIO (Number of Females per 1,000 Males) 919 1,045
LITERACY RATE Persons 24.38 18.52 Males 36.30 29.54 Females 11.42 7.97
PERCENTAGE OF URBAN POPULATION TO TOTAL POPULATION 21.05 6.46
PERCENTAGE TO TOTAL POPULATION:
( i ) Main Workers Persons 30.48 27.19 Males 49.92 48.26 Females 9.32 7.03
( ii) Marginal Workers Persons 6.13 17.24 Males 0.98 2.73 Females 11.74 31.12
(iii) Non-workers Persons 63.39 55.57 Males 49.10 49.01 Females 78.94 61.85
BREAK-UP OF MAIN WORKERS
PERCENT AGE AMONG MAIN WORKERS: ( i ) Cultivators Persons 61.59 71.81 Males 60.70 76.10 Females 66.75 43.67 ( ii) Agricultural Labourers Persons 7.32 8.07 Males 5.89 4.01 Females 15.67 34.77 ( ix )
FACTS FROM FIGURES
RAJASTHAN DUNGARPUR STATE DISTRICT
(iii) Household Industry Persons 3.26 2.38 Males 3.33 2.35 Females 2.82 2.51
(iv) Other Workers Persons 27.83 17.74 Males 30.08 17.54 Females 14.76 19.05
PERCENTAGE OF SCHEDULED CASTE Persons 17.04 4.51 POPULATION TO TOTAL POPULATION Males 17.10 4.52 Females 16.98 4.51
PERCENTAGE OF SCHEDULED TRIBE Persons 12.21 64.44 POPULATION TO TOTAL POPULATION Males 12.05 64.58 Females 12.39 64.30
NUMBER OF OCCUPIED RESIDENTIAL HOUSES 5,726,680 120,317
Sub-Divisions 83 1
Tehsils 197 3
Panchayat Samities 236 5
Number of Villages Total 37,124 837 Inhabited 34,968 832 Uninhabited 2,156 5
Number of Towns 201 2
Net area sown (in hectares) (1979-80) 14,206,683 120,015
Net irrigated area (in hectares) (1979-80) 3,308,213 14,733
Colleges (No.) (1979-80) 269 3
Secondary/Higher Secondary Schools (No.) (1979-80) 2,168 41
Middle Schools (No.) (1979-80) 5,175 121
Primary & Pre-primary Schools (No.) (1979-80,' 21,313 542
Roads(Ktu) (1979-80) 40,399 918
Towns/Villages electrified (As on 31.3.80) 13,831 355
Wells electrified (upto 1979-80) 183,238 1,317 1981 CENSUS - PUBLICATION PLAN
The Rajasthan 1981 Census Publications, Series-18 in All India Series, will be published in the following parts:
GOVENMENT OF INDIA PUBLICATIONS
Part I-A Administration Report-Enumeration t For official use only Part I-B Administration Report--Tabulation J Part II-A General Population Tables Part II-B Primary Census Abstract Part III General Economic Tables Part IV Social and Cultural Tables Part V Migration Tables Part VI Fertility Tables Part VII Tables on Houses and Disabled Population Part VIII Household Tables Part IX Special Tables on Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Part X-A Town Directory Part X-B Survey Reports on selected Towns Part X-C Survey Reports on selected Villages Part XI Ethnographic Notes and special studies on Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Part XII Census Atlas
GOVERNMENT OF RAJASTHAN PUBLICATIONS
Part XII-A Administrative Atlas Part XIIJ-A & B District Census Handbook (Village and Town Directory and Primary C('n&US Abstract) RAJASTHAN DISTRICT DUNGARPUR
kiLOMETRES
o 10 15 T R p c T u o u
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©GOVERNMENT OF INDIA COPYRIGH1, 198J , BASED UPON SURVEY OF INDIA MAP WITH THE PERMISSION OF THE SURVEYOR GENERAL OF INDIA DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK
CONTENTS
PAGES
FOREWORD (i) PREFACE (iii) ACKNOWLEDGEMENT (v) AN INTRODUCTORY NOTE (xv) DUNGARPUR DISTRICT-A PROFILE (xvii) HISTORY OF DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK (xxv) SCOPE OF VILLAGE & TOWN DIRECTORY AND PRIMARY CENSUS ABSTRACT (xxvi) CENSUS CONCEPTS (xxxii) ANALYTICAL NOTE-PRIMARY CENSUS ABSTRACT (xxxix) ANALYTICAL NOTE-VILLAGE & TOWN DIRECTORY (xlix)
PART A-VILLAGE & TOWN DIRECTORY SECTION :I-VILLAGE DIRECTORY
Codes used fer various amenities in Village Directory 5 VILLAGE DIRECTORY (with Map of Tehsil and Alphabetical,List of Villages) : 1. Dungarpur Tehsil 7 2. Aspur Tehsil 47 3. Sagwara Tehsil 63 APPENDICES Appendix 1 T chsilwise abstract of educational, medical and other amenities 90 Appendix 2 Land utilisation data in respect of non-municipal towns (Census Town) 94 Appendix 3 List of inhabited villages where no educational, medical, drin king water, post and telegraph, day or days of market/hat, communication and power supply facilities are available 95 ApPl:ndix 4 - List of villages according to the proportion of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes to the total popUlation by ranges 96
SECTION II-TOWN DIRECTORY
Codes used for various amenities in Town Directory 112 TOWN DIRECTORY Statement I Status and Growth History 114 Statement II Physical aspects and Location of Towns, 1979 116 Statement III Municipal Finance, 1978-79 118 Statement IV Civic and other Amenities, 1979 120 Statement V Medical, Educational, Recreational and Cultural facilities, 1979 122 Statement VI Trade, Commerce, Industry and Banking, 1979 124 APPENDlX Towm shuwing theiI out-growth with populatIon 128 ( xiv)
PAGES PART B-PRIMARY CENSUS ABSTRACT
DISTRICT PRIMARY CENSUS ABSTRACT 130 VILLAGE PRIMARY CENSUS ABSTRACT 1. Dungarpur Tehsil 134 2. Aspur Tehsil 158 3. Sagwara Tehsil 166 URBAN PRIMARY CENSUS ABSTRACT 1. Dungarpur Town 182 2. Sagwara Town 182 APPENDICES Appendix I - Total Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Population-Urban Blockwise 187 Appendix II - Villages classifie~ by population sizes 191 SPECIAL PRIMARY CENSUS ABSTRACT FOR SCHEDULED CASTES & TRIBES
List of~Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes-Rajasthan 203 Primary Census Abstract for Scheduled Castes 204 Primary Census Abstract for Scheduled Tribes .... 206
SPECIAlJ ANNEXURES PANCHAYAT SAMITIWISE ABSTRACT OF VILLAGE DIRECTORY AND PRIMARY CENSUS ABSTRACT Note 211 Annexure I Panchayat Samitiwise List of Villages 212 Annexure Il Panchayat Samitiwise Abstract of Village Dicectory 222 Annexure III Panchayat Samitiwise Abstract of Primary Census Abstract 224 AN INTRODUCTORY NOTE
The series of District Census Handbooks has b~en prepared after compi lation and tabulation of data collected through Individual Slip and Household Schedule on full count basis for which nearly 1,500 workers were engaged for a period extending to more than 12 months. For the first time, an attempt has been made in the series to bring out demographic and other data in diglot, Hindi and English, for a more beneficial use by data users of all categories. Hindi being the official language of the State, a Hindi version of the analytical notes has also been added with a view to cater to the needs of all sections of readers.
As a necessary corollary to the Handbooks, Panchayat Samities, the basic administrative units of development administration and planning have been listed out separately in relation to those districts only wherein they are not co terminous with their tehsils and information relating to their population figures as wen as amenities available in each village located in their jurisdiction will be presented in a separate volume under the title Supplement to District Census Handbook (Panchayat Samiti). However, for reference, in the main District Census Handbook, a list of villages forming part of each non-coterminous Panchayat Samiti has been provided along with the abstracts of population and amenities for such. Panch.ayat Samities as a whole in the form of Special Annexures.
Another new feature of the present series is the depiction of villages falling in various population ranges by their total population figures for 1981 Census.
In addition to new items like uses of electricity and nearest communication points, information for which was not collected in 1971 Census, a specific note on each district covering general information regarding its history, topography, physiography, administrative set-up and places of tourist and historic importances etc., has also been included with a view to provide comprehensive and more purposeful information about the district as a whole. Population figures of Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes constituting the core of 'weaker-section' have been presented at district/tehsil/town level so as to facilitate planning for their welfare both at micro and macro levels.
It is earnestly hoped that the District Census Handbook will serve its purpose for planners, administrators of w~lfare schem~s and other data users in general.
nUNGARPUR DISTRICT - A PROFILE
Historical Backdrop of the District the times of Maharawal Veer Singh Dev, the sixth descendant of Sawant Singh of Mewar, the country in The district Dungarpur is named after 'the town the vicinity of the present town of Dungarpur was of hillocks' and the capital of the former princely state held by a powerful Bhil Chieftain Dungaria who of Dungarpur. It is located in the southern part of aspired to marry the daughter of a wealthy 'Mahajan' Rajasthan between 23°20' and 24°01' north latitude and named Sala Shah. The latter fixed a distant date for 73'21' and 74°23' east longitude. The town of the wedding and, in the meantime, conspired with Dungarpur itself is said to have been a Bhil 'pal' or a Veer Singh to have the whole marriage party including hamlet of 'Dungaria', a Bhil Chieftain whom Rawal Dungaria assassinated while they were in a state of Veer Singh Dev caused to be assassinated in the intoxication. This was successfully carried out. Rawal fourteenth century. Whatever may be the legend about Veer Singh took possession of Dungaria's village and the beginning of the settlements in the district, there is founded the town of Dungarpur in 1358 A.D. The no doubt that it formed the part of the territory known legend has it that Veer Singh had promised to the two in history as 'Bagar' or 'Vagad' with 'Vatpadrak', widows of Dungaria Bhil to perpetuate their memories present 'Baroda' (a village in Aspur Tehsil) as its old by erecting a monument in their honour. He is also capital. reported to have agreed to name the town after their departed husband. He further laid down that 2. The material remains of the Ahar civilization in future, at the installation of each new ruler, a discovered in Mewar region constitute remnants of the descendant of Dungaria would put the 'Tilak' on civilization which may date back to 4000 year ago. the forehead of the ruler from the blood drawn from From Ahar this culture extended to other centres in his finger. the south-east of Rajasthan including parts of present Dungarpur and Banswara districts. Some more light 4. Rawal Veer Singh was killed in the sack of is thrown on the history of the region by the silver Chittor by Allauddin Khilji. He was succeeded by coins unearthed in thousands from Sarwaniya village Bhachundi who erected the Hanumat Pol. Rawal in Banswara State, which ,,:as also a part of 'Bagar'. Gopinath who succeeded him is famous for his victory These coins trace the history of this region as far back over Ahmedshah, the Sultan of Gujarat in 1433 A.D. as 181 to 353 A.D. They also establish that this territory and it was he who built the Gaipsagar lake at was, then, ruled by K~htrapas or Satraps of the Dungarpur which exists even today remains a beauty Saka, inhabitants of area lying between Iran and spot of this town. Rawal Somdasji, the 13th ruler is Afghanistan. They entered Afghanistan and India sometime in the first century of the Vikram Era. famous for repelling the invasions of Suitan Mahmood However, the Gupta rule over this tract cannot be Shah and Gayasuddin. Maharawal Udai Singh I is ascertained with exactitude. Thereafter, the territory also noted for his bravery. He divided 'Vagad' into may have formed a part of the kingdom of Vallabi. two parts. The western portion, with the capital at Bagar is said to have been invaded by the Arabs Dungarpur, he retained for his elder son Prithviraj and the eastern portion subsequently known as between 725 and 738 A.D. However, their attacks were Banswara, gave to his younger son Jagmal. It was in repelled and they were expelled from these parts. From the year 1529 A. D. that the two states became the time the Parmars of Malwa came to rule Bagar, independent. Maharawal Askaran's reign witnessed we get a clear and continuous history of this area. In the arrival of the Mughals in this part of the country 12th century A.D., the Guhils of Mewar (Udaipur) for the first time. During his reign Akbar himself established their suzerainty in this area. visited these parts and Askaran attended his court. He 3. It is mentioned in the 'Khyats' * that during acknowledged the Mughal suzerainty and became a --- ... Cited by Erskine K. D. Rajputana Gazetteers, Mewar Residency (1908) P. 132. ( xviii ) vassal of the Empire. Maharawal Punjaraj was trative purposes, the district has been divided into the honoured by the Emperor Shahjahan, who conferred following sub-divisions, tehsils and towns : on him the insignia of the 'Mahimaratib' and a grant of a 'Dedhahazari Mansab' and 'Izat' of 1,500 'Sawars' Name of Sub-division Name of Tehsil Name of Town in recognition of the services rendered by him to the Emperor in his campaigns in the Deccan. 1 2 3
5. In the time of Maharawal Ramsingh, the Dungarpur Dungarpur Dungarpur Marahattas invaded these parts. Maharawal Shiv Singh, the 25th ruler became an ally of the Marahattas. It Aspur was in the time of Maharawal Jaswant Singh II, that a treaty of perpetual friendship, alliance and unity of Sagwara Sagwara interests was concluded with the British Crown on 11th December, 1818 A.D. according to which a 10. For the purposes of developmental work, the tribute of Rs. 17,500.00 was to be paid annually to district has been divided into five Panchayat Samities the British Government. Maharawal Udai Singh II namely Sagwara, Dungarpur, Simalwara, Bichhiwara rendered loyal services to the British Government in and Aspur. the Mutiny of 1857. He was succeeded by Maharawal Bijai Singh in 1898 A.D. who was a very enlightened Pbysiograpby prince. Maharawal Lakshman Singh ascended the gaddi on the 5th November, 1918 A.D. and continued 11. The district is interspersed with ~tony hJlls to govern the State till its merger in the United States covered with jungle of ca( (US, jujube-trees and safar of Rajasthan in 1948. (Boswella Serrata), a gum producing tree together with several other varieties of shrubs and trees requir 6. It was in 1945 that the 'Dungarpur Rajya Praja ing neither deep soil nor moisture. In the north and MandaI' came into existence and a year later in 1946, east the landscape is rugged and wild but towards the a demand was made for grant of responsible Govern south-west border, the features seem to merge in the ment under the aegis of the ruler. In March, 1948 the topography of Gujarat region. The eastern portion ruler announced the grant of responsible Government. slopes down towards the basin of the Mahi river. However, on the inauguration of the United States of There is scarcely any pasture land. The cultivated area Rajasthan the local Government came to an end when is almost confined to the valleys and low ground the administration of the State was handed over to between the hills where the soil is rich and alluvial and 'Rajpramukh' of the newly formed union of states and can be irrigated by wells and tanks. Dungarpur was constituted as a district of the United States of Rajasthan. 12. The rugged and wild aspect of the region is attributed te· the offshoots of the Aravalis. The 7. Dungarpur district is bounded in the north by highest hill feature located in the extreme north-west Udaipur district and in the east by Banswara district. of the district is approximately 572 metre~ (1876 ft.) above the sea level. On its south and west, it has common border with the State of Gujarat. The district headquarter is located 13. Two perennial rivers viz. Mahi and Sam flow at a distance of 513 km from Jaipur, 58 km from through the district. The Mahi separates the district Banswara. 105 km from Udaipur and 250 km from from Banswara and the Sam forms a natural boundary Ahmedabad. Dungarpur district forms a part of the between this district ano Udaipur district. The non tribal area of the State. perennial streams are hkham, Majhan, Vatrak, 8. During the decade 1971-81, there has been no Bhader, Gangli, Sapan and Veri Ganga. There is one territorial change in the district. The total area of the tank in Dungarpur town itself which is known as district is 3,770 Sq. km as against the total area of Gaip&agar. The water table in the district varies 3,42,239 Sq. km of the State. It ranks 26th among the .generally from 5 to 15 metres below the ground level. districts in respect of area. Climate 9, The Collector and District Magistrate is the 14. The district nas a dry climate with hot season head of th(' adminIstration. For revenue and adminis- milder than ll1 the desert regions of Rajasthan The ( xix)
annual rainf'all varies from 700.9 mm. at Sagwara to 'nullah' and in villages, but in 'nullahs' having rocky 825.3 mm. at Dhambola. The normal rainfall in the boulders, arjun (Terminalia arjuna) is found. district is about 761.7 mm. but the variation from year 18. Forestry & forest produce provide livelihood to ye~r is fairly large. On an average there are 35 rainy days with rainfall of 2.5 mm. or more in a day in the to a sizable population of the district. The following district. About 96 per cent of the annual rainfall is extract from the Famine Report* of 1899-1900 still received during the monsoon season, July being the illustrates the typical and significant role of forestry month of maximum rainfall. for the tribal population of the district. "A very large portion of the district consists of 15. The summer season commences by March end undulating hills and densely wooded valleys which and the temperature progressively increases till May afford a wonderful variety of edible products on which which is the hottest month. The mean daily maximum the Bhil population can and do to a large extent temperature in May is about 38°C and the mean daily subsist." minimum is about 26°C. On individual days in May and early part of June before the on-set of monsoon, 19. The Mahuwa tree is very dear and precious to c the day temperature reaches about 43 C. During Bhils' heart. Other trees of commercial value are winter the daily maximum temperature comes down teak, haldu, temru, khair, shisham and babul. Fire to 25°C and the daily minimum remains at about 9·C. wood and charcoal are also forest products of During spells of cold waves, sometimes it reaches to economic value. freezing point. 20. The Mahuwa flowers are used as food and Geology and Minerals for manufacturing spirit. The income of the State 16. The geological system of the district belongs from the forest produce was Rs. 6,12,000 during the to Pre-Cambrian Aravali system. Slates are in abun year 1978-79. The main forest products are bamboos, dance in the central region and are largely indentified anwia, gum and spirit, grass and pasture, kattha, with veins of quartz particularly in the area north and tendu leaves etc. east of Dungarpur town. Here and there pegmatite, grenite intrusions may also be found in the slates. The 21. As regards flora, mention may be made of ultra basic rocks have been observed as potential mahua (Madhuka indica). teak, dhokra (Anogeissus sources for the presence of asbestos, chromite, magne pendula) trees. Other species of trees such as neem, site and talc (steatits). Among the minerals soap pipal (Ficus religiosa) , babul (Acacia arabica) are found stone, asbestos, beryl and fluorite are the main ones. in plentiful. The fruit bearing trees found in the district Besides, copper, mica, kainite, magnesite and lead ore arc mango, imli (tamarindus indica), bel' (Zizyphus have also been found. jujuba) , jamun, temru, bah era and khajur. Different types of grasses are found in the district. Forest, Flora and Fauna 22. As regards fauna, despite merciless felling of 17. Forest;; of the district are controlled and regula trees and forest, panthers, hyaenas and sambar ted by the Forest Department which has a State trading (Cervus unicolor) can be sighted. Nilgais (Boselaphus wing too for proper felling of trees and trade in timber. tragocamelus) have been gradually exterminated by Now State Tribal Area Development Corporation has the Bhils. Among the non-game animals, the jackal, been entrusted with the purchase and regulation of the jungle rat, the Indian fox, the hyaena, the minor forest produce i.e. gum, puwar, karang, dhaturi, porcupine, the common mongoose are also observed. safed musli, honey, bichhukanta, mahuwa, anwala, Among the birds commonly found include partridges bahera, ratanjot etc. Mahuwa and mango trees are (Grey and painted), pea-fowls, rock pigeons, green pbntiful. The forests have largdy disappeared from the pigeons, quails, cuckoos, parrots, eagles, vultures, plains due to unabated felling of trees. Only mahuwa crows, etc. trees are found in the agricultural fields. Almost pure khankra (Buteo monosperma) associated with 23. Major carps, cat-fish and other varieties of Kanjeri (H%plelia integrig"lia), kadam (Mitragoina fish are available in Mahi and Som rivers as well as in Parivifolia), gurar ( Albizia pro cera) are found along the Bamaniya, Akhepur, Gheri Deval, Babu-Ki-Bar and
* Famine Report Dungarpur 1899-1900, P. 1. ( xx )
Lodisar tanks. Among the majo: carps which may Name of Crop Area in Hectares be mentioned are rohu (La-beo rohita), khurisi or sarsi (Labes gonius), kalbose or kalot (lopes calbasu), 6. Small millets 11,814 narain (Cirrhina mrig/a), katla (Calla calla), 7. 44.507 mahashwar (Barbas putifora) while the cat-fish variety Rice includes patola (Notopferus notoplerus), girai 8. Gram 20,077 (Oohiscephelu~ alraitus), saul (Ophiocepha vis marulius), 9. Tur 1,565 Landu (Wallagonia attu) etc. 10. Other Kharif pulses 14,018 11. Other Rabi pulses 1,038 Land-Use 12. Mustard 36 24. The cultivated area in the district is confined 13. Sesamum 621 to valleys and the grounds where the soil is rich and 14. Linseed 1,524 alluvial. The eastern part slopes gradually to Mahi IS. Cotton 1,819 river and is very fertile. The land use in the district for the year 1979-80 is given below: .26. Tenancy in the State is governed by the Rajas than Tenancy Act, 1955. It is one of the most impor Classification of the Area in Percentage tant and progressive laws relating to agrarian reforms. land use hectares to total area The provisions of the Act apply in respect of land held by tenants as if the State Government were the 1. Forest 66,480 17'53 land-holder acting through the Tehsildar in relation 2. Land put to non-agricultural to the land held by him. Every person is either a tenant use 14,975 3·94 or a sub-tenant, an allottee or a trespasser. A tenant 3. Barren and uncultivated land 74,918 19·76 is one who is required to pay some rent on account of 4. Other uncultivated land use and occupation of land let out to him for agricul excluding fallow land 43,689 11'52 tural or allied purposes. Grantee with a favourable rate 5. Culturable waste 24,489 6'45 of rent, ijardar, thekedar or trespasser is not considered 6. Fallow land 34,634 9'13 a tenant. 7. Net area sown 1,20,015 31'67 27. There are following classes of tenants: (a) Khatedar tenant, Total 3,79,200 100.00 (b) Maliks,
Crop Pattern (c) Tenants of Khudkasht, and (d) Ghair-Khatedar tenants. 25. As in other districts the two principal crops are Kharif and Rabi. The Kharif crops are mainly 28. A Khatedar tenant is entitled to all the rights rice, maize, jowar, bajra, pulses (urad, moong, arhar), conferred and is subject to all the liabilities imposed on ground nut, sugarcane, vegetables and spices. The Rabi Khatedar tenant by the Rajasthan Tenancy Act. On the crops are wheat, barley, gram, methi, dhania, zeera, date of coming into force of Rajasthan Tenancy Act, a garlic, tobacco and vegetables. In the last decade, Zamindar or a Biswedar holding Khudkasht was treated there has been no appreciable difference in the as a Khatedar tenant irrespective of whether he was or cropping pattern. The area under various major crops not in occupation on the date of vesting. for the year 1978-79 is as follows: 29. Malik is a Zamindar or Biswedar who has be come Malik of Khudkasht land held by him on abolition Name of Crop Area in Hectares of Zamindari and Biswedari in 1959. The word 'Malik' 1. Bajra 33 was also added to Section 14 of the Rajasthan Tenancy Act to classify it as a class of tenant. Section 13 of the 2. Jowar 200 Act provides that a Malik is entitled to all the rights 3. Wheat 24,957 conferred and is subject to all the liabilities imposed 4. Maize 40,546 on K.hatedar tenant and in substance, this class of 5. Barley 3,814 tenancy is nothing but a Khatedar tenant. ( xxi)
30. Zamindars and Biswedars holding Khudkasht 34. The following data show the area (in hectares) were treated as khatedar tenants. A tenant of khud of the main crops sown in the irrigated area : kasht is essentially a sub-tenant in view of the fact that a sub-tenant is also eligible for protecticn of his cultiva Year Food Crops Sugarcane Cot/on Others tory rights even against khatedar tenants. Every tenant of land other than a khatedar tenant, a tenant of khud 1974-75 18,785 741 146 643 kasht or a sub-tenant is a Ghair-Khatedar tenant. 1975-76 14,860 584 10 351 31. A trespasser is a person who takes or retains 1976-77 15,932 467 21 437 possession of land without authority or who prevents 1977-78 15,744 487 11 451 another person from occupying land duly let out to him by the State. After regularisation the trespasser 1978-79 18,276 611 27 552 becomes an allottee. An allottee is treated as a Ghair Khatedar tenant on whom Sub-Divisional Officer shall suo moto confer khatedari rights after ten years of allot Animal Husbandry ment provided that the allottee fulfils all the terms 35. The district, according to Livestock Census, and conditions of allotment during this period. Similar 1977 had a total livestock popUlation of 892,599 of is the case of other allottees who were otherwise which cattle numbered 350,555 a!ld buffaloes 122,095. allotted land by the State Government. Among other categories of livestock, sheep numbered 144,564, goats 267,106, horses 1,203, donkeys 3,843, Agricultural Implements and Machinery camels 3,233. Cow and buffalo milk, ghee, butter, 32. There were 79,722 ploughs. 15,842 carts, 1,886 mawa, cream, curd and matha are the usual milk diesel engines, 1,541 cane crushing machines, 705 products. Cattle are also used for making meat, electric pumps, 12 tractors, 1,541 oil engines and hides and skins. 134 ghanis in the district, according to Live Stock Census of 1977. 36. There is a Veterinary Hospital at Dungarpur to which an artificial insemination centre has also Irrigation been attached now.
33. The total irrigated area of the district for the 37. The governmental activities in the field of year 1979-80 was 14,733 hectares. The distribution of fishery development include release of seeds in different this total area according to the different sources of waters. The Mahi river and majority of the tanks are irrigation is as follows : utilised for fish breeding.
Power and Electricity Sources of irrigation Area in Hectares 38. The following is the position of generation of 1. Tanks 4,554 electricity in the district. :* 2. Wells and Tube Wells 9,407 3. Other Sources 772 Electricity Production (in million Kwh.) ,~--- -~-...I.. --. Steam Diesel Electric Power Total Irrigation through wells is the most important source of irrigation covering about 60 per cent of the 1972-73 0.046 3.943 3.989 total irrigated area of the district. After this tank irrigation is prominent-irrigation through wells is 1973-74 0.175 2.136 2.311 predominant in Sagwara and Aspur tehsils. Other 1974-75 0.269 2.725 2.994 sources include irrigation through protected bunds. 1975-76 0.610 0.610 The four irrigation projects in the district are at Sisod, 1976-77 2.076 2.076 Siydhoriyon-Ka-Naka, Juda and Galiyana. ,___- • Source : Statistical Digest, Director of Economics and Statistics, 1978, P. 104. ( xxii )
39. There are two sub~stations at Dungarpur and in the district. There were a total number of 203 Sagwara. The following data show the use of the co-operative societies in the district in the year electricity by different types of consumers during the 1979-80, which included agriculture credit and year 1978-79 : marketing societies.
Type of use No. of Consumers 43. The number of persons registered with the Employment Exchange has increased from 2,077 in in 1979. The following data give a 1. Household Consumption 10,590 1975 to 2,907 complete picture : 2. Commercial Consumption 2,278 3. Industrial Consumption 496 Particulars 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 4. Public Lighting 48 5. Public Water Works 50 6. Irrigation 1,141 1. Registered 2,077 1,965 2,640 2,755 2,907 persons during 7. Others 11 the year
14,614 2. Vacancies 340 439 293 753 649 notified
Industries and Labour 3. Appointments 263 272 227 539 502 40. Dungarpur is one of the industrially backward made on districts of the State. During the princely regime, vacancies pottery, weaving, carpentry and smithy were the only industries. Industries are mainly based on minerals 4. Registered 3,039 3,221 4,264 4,228 4,744 like soapstone and asbestos which are found in some persons at parts of the district. Beryl which is found at Sagwara the close of is being directly mined by the Department of Atomic the year Energy. A project for the commercial exploitation of 65 79 91 70 the mineral which is in progress is being financed by the 5. Number of 77 Rajasthan State Mineral Development Corporation. individual institutions 41. The important cottage industries are based on using Employ- palm, gur, honey, kattha, handloom weaving, pottery, ment Exchange toy-making, oil extraction and smithy. During 1980, there were 11 registered factories in the district employing 206 persons. Rajasthan State Industrial 44. There are four cinema houses in the district DeVelopment and Investment Corporation has set up with a total capacity of 2,524 seats. There are seven Industrial areas at Dungarpur in 1976 and Sagwara rest houses and five railway stations in the district in 1978. beside five petrol pumps.
Trade and Commerce Education
42. The district enjoys considerable trade with 45. The district has made a slow but steady many areas of Gujarat State. The commodities expor progress in providing educational facilities to the people ted from the district are ghee, gram, country cloth, since the turn of the century. According to the Report oil seeds, oil and gur etc. The important items of on the administration of Dungarpur State, 1901 import are tobacco, salt, sugar, general merchandise, "Education is at a very low ebb. Except a small country cloth, coconut, grocery etc. The Central elementary school at Dungarpur and occasional private Co-operative Bank was opened in 1958 to provide institutions, there is no teaching at all". The district finance to Co-operative societies. The Land Develop has come a long way since then and significant strides ment Bank was also registered in the district in 1965. have been made in the field of education after The Co-operative movement has also shown progress independence. The number of various types of ( xxiii )
educational institutions which exist in Dungarpur 120,380 eligible couples, 11.3 per cent were protected district for the year 1979-80 are indicated below: by the Family Planning ProgramM1e.
1. College (Government) 3 Transport & Communication 2. Higher Secondary & 50. The position in developing the means of Secondary Schools 41 communication in the district during 1979-80 is 3. Middle Schools 121 indicated below : 4. Primary Schools 542 Roads (In Kilometres) 46. A total of 1,364 students in college (l,227 boys and 137 girls), 10,075 students in higher secondary and National Highways secondary schools (8,610 boys and 1,465 girls), 21,479 Painted roads students (15,572 boys and 5,907 girls) in middle schools Metalled roads and 38,511 students including 9,336 girls students in Gravelled roads primary classes were reported to have been enrolled in Four Dressed up roads 1979-80. Dungarpur town people have enjoyed library facilities since the times of princely rulers. Total
47. District Library was established in 1907 m 51. As regards transport facilities * *, the number the beautiful surroundings at the Udai Bihar Garden of vehicles registered in various categories in 1979 is in the heart of the town. indicated below :
Medical & Public Health 1. Private Cars and Jeeps 206 2. Motor Cycles and Auto Rickshaws 569 48. There are three Government Hospitals in the 3. Public-load-Carriers (Trucks) 329 district, 10 dispensaries, 5 Primary Health Centres including Maternity Centres, two Maternity and Child 4. Tractors 50 Welfare Centres* and one T.B. Hospital in 1979. The 5. Others 7 numbers of beds available in different medical and health institutions are indicated below : 52. The Rajasthan State Road Transport Cor poration started functioning in the district from 1965 1. General 176 and Rail-route from Udaipur to Dungarpur was opened in 1966. 2. Tuberculosis 20 3. Maternity 10 53. The number of Post Offices/Telegraph Offices/ 4. Eye 10 Telephone Exchanges are shown in the following 5. Primary Health Centres 30 table. 6. Beds for children 10 Year Total Number on
7. Others 4 ~------8. Others 11 Post Telegraph Telephone Offices Offices Exchanges
271 1974-75 177 IS 4 1975-76 177 17 5 1976-77 173 23 5 49. There are 7 Family Welfare Centres for 1977-78 191 26 7 promoting and propagating family welfare methods in the district. By the end of 1979-80, out of a total of 1978-79 225 26 7
* Source: District Statistical Outline, 1980 P. 145. ** Source: Statistical Abstract 1978-79, Directorate of Economics and Statistics. ( XXIV )
Fairs & Festivals Boreshwar,' The temple of Boreshwar Mahadeo is situated at a distance of 83 km from Dungarpur near 54. The important fairs of the district are village Solaj in Aspur tehsil and belongs to 1179 A.D. Baneshwar Fair, Urs at Galiyakot and Neelpani. On the occasion of the fairs Bhils dance and sing in gaiety Bhuvaneshwar: There is a Shiva temple which is and with great gusto. The musical instruments of the situated at a distance of 9 km from Dungarpur on the Bhils include flute, dhol, thali, majira, dholak, road side near Kanba village in Dungarpur tehsil. mridang, tabla, harmonium and sarangi. On festival Deo Somnath : Deo Gaon is situated at a distance days the Bhils perform a fascinating ring dance locally of 24 km from Dungarpur in the north-east. On the known as Channa or Gher. banks of Som river, there is an old and beautiful Shiva temple, Deo Somnath. The temple is believed Places of Religious, Historical and Archaeological to have been built sometime in the 12th century of Importance and Tourist Interest Vikram Samwat. Built in white stone, the temple has 55. Dungarpur district has many temples in imposing currants. It gives an impression of the various villages and towns which are of religious and antiquity. There are several inscriptions in the temple. historical importance. Although Dungarpur has yet Dungarpur Town,' The town of Dungarpur was to come on the tourist map of R"ja,than, the following founded in 13:58. A.D' There are temples erected by places are important from the religious and historical Rawal Veer Singh, in the memory of Dungaria's point of view : widows. On the hill, there is also a small fortress Baroda: Baroda village, once the capital of Vagad, where Maharawal Bijai Singh built a palace called is situated at a distance of 41 km by road from Bijaigarh, which overlooks a lake. In the east of the Dungarpur and lies in Aspur tehsil. In Aspur proper town, there is Udai Bilas Palace, named after Udai also, there are a number of beautiful temples. Baroda Singh II, surrounded by hills and enclosed by a village is famous for the ruins of temples of old Rajput small lake. Dungarpur town presents a picturesque architecture. Saivism and Jainism were the main appearance. religions of this place in the early times. Near the Galiyakot " Situated on the banks of Mahi river tank in Baroda village, there is a beautiful, old Shiva's Galiyakot village IS located 58 km towards the south temple made of white stones. Near the temple is a east of Dungarpur. The nearest town of Sagwara 'kundi' bearing an inscription of Samwat 1349 of the lies at a distance of 19 km. According to the tradition times of Maharajkul Shri Virsniha Dev. In the heart of Galiyakot derives its name from a Bhil Clli~ftain, who this village lies an old Jain temple. The principal idol in ruled the area. It was once the capital of the Parmars the temple is that of Parshvanath which was identified and also of the erstwhile Dungarpur State. The relics in Samwat 1904 by Bhattarak Devendra Suri. of an old fort can still be seen. The viilage owes its renown to the shrine of Syed Fakhruddin. It is Baneshwar " The Baneshwar temple containing the most revered Shiva Linga of the area is situated on a visited by thousands of Dawoodi Bohara devotees who delta formed at the confluence of Som and Mahi gather here from all over the country at the time of rivers, about one and a half km from Nawa Tapra annual 'Urs' which is held from the 27th day of village. SabIa is the nearest bus-stand located at a Muhharram, the first month of Mohammedan year. distance of about 7 km from the temple on Udaipur Syed Fakhruddin was a highly religious man. He was Banswara-Dungarpur bus-route. SabIa is at a widely known for his learning and saintliness. In the distance of 123 km from Udaipur, 53 km from Banswara, course of his wandering, he died at Galiyakot village 45 km from Dungarpur and 22 km from Aspur. The and was buried there. tribal in character, a fair at the temple is held during Besides these places of religious and historical Magh Shukla Ekadashi to Magh Shukla Purnima. importance there are in the district, other places like Just near the Baneshwar temple is the Vishnu temple Modhpur having Vijia Mata's Temple, Poonjpur, which was report~dly constructed in Samwat 1850 Sagwarcl having 'Yati-Ji-Ki-Chatri' and Vasundhara (1793 A.D.). having an ancient Vasundhara Devi Temple. 1II8TORY OF DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK
Prior to 1951, Census Reports were printed for For the first time in 1961 Census the maps for the the whole province or state. The idea of preparing the districts and tehsils were also included in the District District Census Handbooks separately for each district Census Handbooks. was conceived during 1951 Census as a part of a plan intended to secure an effective method of preserving the 4. In 1971 Census series of District Census Hand Census data below the district level. The idea was books villagewise 'Village Directory' giving services, that all the district census tables should be bound facilities or amenities available in the village was together in a single volume called the District Census given. 'Town Directory' was introduced for the first Handbook. Since then the District Census Handbooks time giving useful information in respect of every are being published regularly. town of the district. Rural Primary Census Abstract upto village level and Urban Primary Census Abstract 2. The 1951 Census series of District Census Hand upto enumeration block level were given in District books was printed in two parts. Part I contained five Census Handbooks. While the District, Tehsil and General Population Tables (A Series), three Economic Town maps were included, the inclusion of Census Tables (B Series), five Household and Age Tables (C Tables was dispensed with in the District Census Hand Series) and seven Social and Cultural Tables (D Series). books in 1971 Census. In Part II of District Census Handbook "Primary Census Abstract and Village Directory" which showed s. The scope of 1981 series of District Census the basic population figures for each village or town Handbooks has been enlarged specially in relation to classified by livelihood classes were included along amenities and land-use pattern. Apart from new with some information of general nature. items like uses of electricity, details of communication points, information for which was not collected in 3. The 1961 Census series of District Census 1971 Census, a note on each district covering general Handbooks was printed in a single volume in which information on its history, topography, flora & fauna Primary Census Abstract upto village and town/ward and administrative set up etc. has been added. The level and Village Directory upto village level were format of the Primary Census Abstract has also been given. Besides, some official statistics collected from restructured in the light of changes in economic various state departments, four General Population and other questions canvassed in the 1981 Census but Tables (A Series), sixteen Economic and Household at the same time, all efforts have been made to retain Tables (B Series), seven Social and Cultural Tables comparability with 1971 Census data. The inclusion (C Series), four Housing Tables (E Series) and eight of Special Primary Census Abstract for Scheduled Special Tables for Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes Castes and Tribes at the Tehsil/Town level is another were also provided in District Census Handbooks. innovation introduced in 1981 Census series. SCOPE OF VILLAGE AND TOWN DIRECTORY AND PRIMARY CENSUS ABSTRACT
In Part-A of the District Census Handbook, of this book. The number of each type of amenity has entitled as Village and Town Directory, an attempt has been indicated in parentheses after the suitable code been made to present information regarding various in case of educational, medical and post and telegraph amenities/facilities available in every rural/urban unit facilities. of the State. The unit of the rural areas is village and that of urban area is town/urban agglomeration. 4. If any amenity is not available within the village Information regarding rural areas and Census Towns a dash (-) has been shown in the relevant column and has been gathered through Patwaries while that in res next to it, the distance of the nearest place from the pect of urban areas other than Census Towns has been referrent village where the facility is available has been collected through the concerned Municipality/Canton given in broad distance ranges viz., -5 km., 5-10 km. ment Board/Notified Area Committee. In order to have & 10+km. the aforesaid information authenticated, the concerned 5. The following pattern has been adopted for departments and agencies were also contacted to furnish indicating the educational institutions:- information available with them. All the information gathered about amenities relate to year 1980 and ( i) Schools upto Class V have been treated as those pertaining to land-use pattern pertain to Samvat primary schools. They include Nursery Schools, Year 2036 i.e. the agricultural year ending on the 30th Kindergarten Schools, Pre-basic and Pre-primary June, 1980. Schools and Iunior Basic Schools up to Class V. (ii) All schools having Classes VI to VIII have been Village Directory treated as Middle Schools.
2. It will be helpful at the outset to have an idea (iii) All schools having Classes IX and X have been of the items for which information has been included in treated as Secondary Schools. the Village Directory. Information in respect of each village has been presented through a twenty column (iv) All schools having Classes XI and XII have format in which villages have been presented in order been treated as Higher Secondary Schools. They of their location codes assigned at tehsil level. The first include Senior Cambridge Schools, Schools four columns give general information i.e. location code under 10+2 scheme, Intermediate, Pre-Univer number, name, area in hectares, population and number sity and Junior College etc. of households residing in villages as per Census 1981. 6. In case of composite schools relevant groups of The amenities available in the village have been shown classes have been treated separately, e.g. a school in columns 5-14. The information regarding land-use having classes I to XII, has been shown as having one pattern has been given in columns 15-19 and column primary, one middle, one secondary and one higher 20 contains special information about the village, if secondary school. The term 'College' includes all types any, including information regarding places of religious, of colleges whether Arts/Science/Commerce/Medical/ historical er archaeological interest. In case of Engineering/ Agriculture and others imparting education uninhabited villages, the information has been given at Graduate or Post-Graduate level. Institutions other relating to columns 1-4, 12 and 15-19 only and in the than industrial schools, training schools and adult remaining columns the word 'uninhabited' has been literacy classes/centres have been shown under 'others'. mentioned. At the end of the entries of each tehsil the totals relating to columns 3-6 and 15-19 (total area, 7. In case of Medical Institutions, Hospitals and amenities and land-use break-up) have also been given. Dispensaries, Allopathy, Ayurvedic, Unani and Homeo pathy have been shown together. Other institutions 3. Various amenities like drinking water, communi include all types of Yogic, Naturopathy, Hospitals/ cation, post and telegraphs etc. have been shown Dispensaries, Leprosy Centre etc. against the name of the referrent village if they are available within the village with the help of various 8. In case there are more than one source of codes. The Code Strul,;ture relating to various columns potable water facility available in the village all such has been given in the beginning of Section-I to Part-A sources have been shown separately. Postal amenities ( xxvii) include Post Office, Telegraph Office and Telephone IV Culturable Waste: which are shown separately. Actual day or days of It includes Gaucher i.e. pasture and grazing market/hat have been shown wherever such market/ hat is held. land and tree-groves. 9. In case there are more than one communication V Area not available for cultivation ,. facilities these have been indicated separately by relevant It refers to land which has not been classified in codes. Approach to the village refers to the state of any of the above mentioned types and also roads etc. leading to the village from the communication includes house sites, roads, rivers, nullahs, centres i.e. bus-stand/railway station etc. This is to hillocks etc. give an idea whether the village is easily approachable in all types of weather or becomes inaccessible for 13. Information regarding newspaper circulation and sometime in the year. Where there are more than one auto-vehicles and tractors has also been shown in the approach roads these have been indicated separately by 'remarks column' besides mentioning places of religious, relevant codes. historical or archaeological interest therein. 10. Information regarding the nearest town indicates 14. The following four appendices have also been the name of such town alongwith the distance from provided to present the position obtaining in tehsil and the referrent village irrespective of the fact whether district as a whole regarding various amenities available such town is located within Rajasthan or in some other in rural areas, villages classified by characteristics of adjoining states. In case of town situated in states other the population and land-use pattern in Census Towns than Rajasthan, the concerned State has been mentioned in connection with the Village Directory; against its name in parenthesis with the help of abbreviations. The term 'town' here refers to one of (i) Tehsilwise Abstract of educational, medical and those urban centres which have been treated as towns other amenities. in the concerned State during 1981 Census. (ii) Land Utilisation data in respect of Census 11. In order to give an idea about the uses which Towns. electricity is put to, the information has been given under the head "power supply" if it is available in the (iii) Tehsilwise list of those inhabited villages where village. Staple food refers to the grains consumed by no educational, medical, drinking water, post the majority of the population in the village during the and telegraph, day of the market/hat, communi major portion of the year and where a variety of food cations and power supply facilities are grains is consumed, the combinaticn has been indicated. available. The grains mentioned first is the one which gets first (iv) Tehsilwise list of villages according to the preference. proportion of Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Land-Use Pattern Tribes population to total popUlation by ranges. It consists of two parts: Part-A relates to 12. The land-use pattern has been presented under Scheduled Castes and Part-B to Scheduled the following five headings :- Tribes. I Forest: Town Directory It denotes those lands which have been termed as 'forest' by the competent authority. 15. Particulars about each town have been presented II Irrigated land : in the form of six statements. In towns where there It relates to land which has actually been are notified slums an additional Statement (IV-A) has irrigated in the referrent year. The sourcewise also been given in which information regarding civic break-up has not been presented as no such and other amenities available in the notified slums have information was available in respect of the net been shown. In each statement towns have been irrigated area. arranged in alphabetical order. III Unirr;gated land: 16. As has been explained earlier, urban agglomera The term covers all the un irrigated land cultiva tions are of two types: first those constituted by two or ted during the refer rent year and land lying more independent towns and second those where the fallow upto four years. urban characteristics have developed in the adjoining ( xxviii)
rural areas which have developed as out-growth of the 21. A 'dash' under these columns indicates that the referrent town. referrent town did not have an urban status in the 17. Where an urban agglomeration includes two referrent Census. Density of population per sq. km or more independent towns, the names of towns as per Census, 1981 has been shown in column 16 and constituting the agglomeration have been indicated in sex-ratio (number of females per 1,000 males) have the alphabetical arrangement but their names have also been indicated for three censuses viz. 1961 to 1981 in been repeated in the alphabetical order under the name columns 17 to 19. of the agglomeration after the name of the main or Statement II core town and information relating to these has been shown here. The particulars of the constituent units of 22. This statement gives information about the the agglomerations have not been repeated wherever physical aspects and locational particulars of the town they occur separately in the alphabetical order and a in 1979. First two columns give the serial number, note "See referrent agglomeration" has been given name and status of the town. Columns 3 to 5 deal against such names. The lines relating to the infor with the physical aspects viz. rainfall and temperature. mation regarding urban agglomeration as a whole have Rainfall figures are the average of the rainfall for the not been numbered but the constituent units as and last ten years ending 1979-80. If the information in when they occur in the alphabetIcal order have been respect of rainfall is not available for any town it has numbered so that the last number agrees with the total been given for the nearest place for which it is available. number of towns in the district concerned. In respect Rainfall has been shown in millimetres per annum. of statements II, III and VI in the lines relating to Maximum and minimum temperatures have been given agglomeration a note "See constituent units" has been in centigrade. If the information regarding temperature shown and information has been provided separately is not available in respect of any town it has been in respect of all the constituents below it. given for the nearest place for which it is available and the name of the centre has been shown in footnote. 18. In case of towns having out-growths, an asterisk mark has been placed against their names. Information 23. The location of the town with respect to various in respect of out-growths has been jncluded in the administrative headquarters and nearest city is indi concerned town and has not been shown separately. cated in columns 6 to 9. While showing the location of the referrent town with respect to various adminis 19. The amenities and other data have been indi trative headquarters, names and their distance from cated by codes. A list of column wise code structure the referrent town in km have been given in parenthesis and other abbreviations used in each statement has below the name of the place where it i~ situated. In been provided at the beginning of Section-II of Part-A case the referrent town itself happens to be the seat of of this book. the administrative headquarters, this distance has been We may now discuss the various Town Directory shown zero. Information regarding the nearest city of statements. population one lakh or more has been given in respect of its situation within the State or even if this city Statement I may be situated in other State. In case the nearest city 20. It deals with the status and growth history of happens to be situated in other State, the name of the the town. Columns 1 to 6 give information regarding concerned State has been shown against the name of class, name and civic status of the town, its location the city in parenthesis. How the referrent town is code number, name of the tehsil in which it is situated, approachable is given in columns 10 to 12 which indi its area in sq. km and number of households including cate the availability of communication facilities viz. houseless households residing in the town as per railway station, bus-route and navigable river/canal 1981 Census. The class of the town has been deter within 10 km. There is no navigable river or canal mined on the basis of its popUlation as per Census, in Rajasthan. 1981 and the civic administration status relates to the year, 1980. Columns 7 to 15 show the population of Statement III the town in different decennial censuses beginning from 24. I t gives informatIOn about the finances of the 1901 upto 1981. The growth rate in terms of per civic body controlling the local civil administration centage in respect of previous censuses has been shown and it has been presented in '00 rupees. A 'dash' in this below the population figures pertaining to each Census Statement indicates that no receipt or expenditure has beginning from Column 8 onwards. occurred under the particular head and 'N' represents ( xxix) negligible amount. First three columns give general other State where available alongwith distance from the information, columns 4 to 10 present receipt under referrent town has been mentioned. broad categories and total receipt and columns 11 to 17 present expenditure under broad categories and total Statement IV-A expenditure. The receipt and expenditure has been presented under six broad categories each. While 27. Information about notified slums in class I and II receipt through taxes implies all receipts from taxes towns has been shown in this statement in order to obligatory or others and revenue derived from municipal give an idea about the amenities available to the slum power and property, it also includes income derived dwellers. Particulars about paved roads, system of from holding of fairs and exhibitions, supply of milk, sewerage, number of tap points/public hydrants for licence fee, cattle-ponds, fines and penalties, transport supply of protected water a,ld electrification have been services, places of entertainment, allotment sale/lease of provided in respect of every slum in each town if land and rent etc. Government grants include per there are any. capita grant, grant from Public Works Department and grant from the Social Welfare and other departments. Statement V Other sources of receipts have been specified, wherever 28. Particulars of medical, educational, recreational possible but generally they are of miscellaneous nature. and cultural facilities available in the town have been 25. Expenditure on general administration covers given in this statement and the number of each type of these facilities has also been shown in parenthesis along salary and wages of staff, contingent expenditure on staff, grants, loans and advances to the staff etc. with the appropriate code. Expenditure on public safety cover fire-fighting, light, 29. In case of medical facilities the number of beds water and lease facilities, regulating the dangerous I wherever available has also been shown. Allopathic, hazardous trades/works/occupation, water supply, registration of births and deaths, disposal of garbage, Ayurvedic, Unani and Homeopathic hospitals/dis pensaries have been shown separately. No code has rubbish and night-soil. Public health and conveniences been provided for allopathic institutions and their cover all types of medical aid and maintenance of numbers have been shown only in figures. Thus' l' the destitutes etc. Public-works include maintenance beside H, code for hospital means an Allopathic and construction of roads and buildings and relief Hospital. Separate codes have been provided for other works in times of famine and scarcity. Expenditure in public institutions covers all types of social, cultural, three systems of medicine. educational, religious institutions etc. which are run or 30. If a medical or educational facility is not avai patronised by the municipality. Other sources of lable in the town, the name of the nearest place, if in expenditure have been specified where possible but the same district or the name of the nearest district if mostly these are of miscellaneous nature. in the same State or other State where available and Statement IV its distance (in km) from the referrent town has been mentioned. Details of medical institutions shown under 26. This statement deals with the civic and other 'Others' have also been explained in the -rootnote below type of public amenities and provides information the Statement V. about road length, system of sewerage, types of latrines, method of disposal of night-soil, protected water 31. Arts, Science and Commerce Colleges have been supply, availability of fire-fighting service and electrifi shown separately. While showing the educational insti cation besides general information. In case of water tutions upto Higher Secondary level the same procedure supply the source of water as also the system of its as adopted in case of Village Di.rectory, has been storage havt) been shown. The storage capacity has followed (See para 6). In case of composite schools been shown in litres. In case of disposal of night-soil relevant classes have been treated separately e.g. a and protected water supply particulars have been given school having classes I to XlI has been treated as being in respect of two methods/sources in order of their composed of one Primary, one Middle, one Secondary importance if more than one exist in the town. In and one Higher Secondary Schoo 1. case fire-fighting service is not available in the town the name of the nearest place if in the same district or 32. All other types of educational institutions which the name of the nearest district if in the same State or are not covered in columns 6 to 14 have been shown ( xxx ) in column 15 under 'Others' and include technica1/ workers used in 1971 Census and present cultivators and vocational and training institutions like Applied agricultural labourers. The third category represents Art Painting College, Pharmacy College, Agricultural workers engaged in household industry, manufacturing, College, Teachers' Training College/Institutions, Music/ processing, servicing and repairs corresponding to Dance School etc. and the details regarding these have category V(a) of the District Primary Census Abstract been shown in footnote below the statement. 1971. All other remaining workers have been grouped together in the fourth category and include workers Statement VI engaged in categories III, IV, V (b) and VI to IX of the District Primary Census Abstract 1971 which are 33. This statement contains particulars regarding explained below : trade, commerce, industry and banking. It gives names of three most important commodities imported, Categories of workers of exported and manufactured in the town besides the 1971 Census included in Description 'other workers' of 1981 number of banks, agricultural and non-agricultural Census credit societies functioning in the town. A list of the outgrowths, if any, a10ngwith their population and III Livestock, Forestry, Fishing, name of the core town has also been provided at the Hunting and Plantations, end of the Town Directory. Orchards and Allied activities. Primary Census Abstract IV Mining and Quarrying.
34. Primary Census Abstract has been presented at V (b) Manufacturing, Processing, three levels : Servicing and Repairs other than Household Industry. 1. District Primary Census Abstract. VI Construction. 2. Urban/Village Primary Census Abstract. VII Trade and Commerce. 3. Special Primary Census Abstract for Scheduled VIII Transport, Storage and Castes/Scheduled Tribes at district level. Communication. IX Other Services. 35. There are thirty nine columns in the District Primary Census Abstract and the data has been Columns 34-39 deal with sex-wise distribution of presented at the District/Tehsil/U.A./City/Town level. marginal workers and non-workers respectively. The first column shows the serial number and the second column gives the name of District/Tehsil/Urban 37. There are twenty eight columns in the Primary Agglomeration/City/Town. Total/Rural/Urban levels Census Abstract for presenting data at the Urbani have been indicated in column 3. Area of the referrent Village level. The first column shows the location code unit has been indicated in column 4 in square kilometres. number of the unit for which the information has been Columns 5 and 6 deal with the number of occupied provided and the second column gives the name of residential houses and number of households residing Tehsil/Village/Town/Ward. In the case of village, area in the referrent unit. Information regarding total has been presented in hectares and in the case of Town/ population including institutional and houseiess Tehsil, in square kilometres in column 3. population, has been presented in columns 7 to 9 with sex-wise distribution. 38. Columns 4 and 5 deal with the number of occupied residential houses and number of households 36. Columns 10-12 and 13-15 deal with the sex residing in the referrent unit. Information regarding wise presentation of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled total population has been given in columns 6 to 8 with Tribes population respectively. Information regarding sex-wise break-up. The total population here includes literates has been shown in columns 16-18. Columns institutional and houseless population. 19-21 deal with the sex-wise break-up of main workers and columns 22-33 deal with the classification of main 39. Information regarding Scheduled Caste and workers into four major categories, sex-wise. The Scheduled Tribe population has been presented in first and second categories correspond to categories of columns 9-10 and 11-12 respectively by giving sex-wise ( xxxi) distribution. Information regarding number of literate Town respectively. Column 3 indicates whether the males and females in each referrent unit has been given information is for total, rural or urban areas. Column 4 in columns 13-14. gives the number of households with Scheduled Castej Scheduled Tribe members. Columns 5-7 give the sex 40. Columns 15 and 16 deal with number of male and wise distribution of Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe female main workers respectively while columns 17 to 24 population. deal with classification of main workers into four major categories. Columns 25-26 deal with male and female 42. Columns 8-10 show the sex-wise break-up of marginal workers and columns 27-28 deal with male literates among Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes. and female non-workers. Columns 11-13 deal with the number of main workers 41. The data in respect of Scheduled Castes and while columns 14-25 present the sex-wise break-up of Scheduled Tribes have separately been presented in the main workers into four major categories. Columns Special Primary Census Abstract at the DistrictjTehsilj 26-28 deal with sex-wise distribution of marginal U.A.jCityjTown level. There are thirty one columns in workers and columns 29-31 present the sex-wise distri this format. The first two columns give the serial bution of non-workers among the Scheduled Castes/ number and name of the DistrictJTehsiIJU.A.JCityJ Scheduled Tribes. CENSUS CONCEPTS
For the purpose of obtaining correct information activities have been treated as on par with cultivation and introducillg uniformity, as far as possible, and agricultural labour for the purpose of this throughout the country, certain concepts and definitions criterion. were adopted and used in 1981 Census such as Building, Census House, Household, Scheduled Caste/Scheduled 5. It will be noticed from the definition that there Tribe, Literates, Main-Workers, Marginal Workers, are two distinct types of urban units. In the first Non-Workers etc. and the Rural and Urban division of category are those units which satisfy criterion (a) by the popUlation. virtue of a statutory notification and are referred to by the nomenclature as adopted in the relevant notification Rural/Urban Areas viz., Municipal Corporation, Municipal Board, Canton ment Board and Notified Area Committee etc. The 2. One of the basic characteristics of the popula other type of urban units would be those which satisfy tion obtained through the Census is Its rural and urban criteria under (b) above and which would otherwise distribution. The basic unit for rural areas is the have been considered as rural i.e. as villages, but for Revenue Village which has definite surveyed boundaries. Census purposes they are referred to as Census Towns The Revenue Village may comprise several hamlets or Non-municipal Towns. This is to distinguish them but for presentation of data, the entire Revenue Village from what are considered statutory towns under has been treated as one unit. In unsurveyed villages criterion (a). It may be mentioned here that quite within forest areas each habitated area with locally often villages which are classified for census purposes recognised boundaries has been treated as one unit. as urban units under criteria (b) may continue to be included in the village lists in the revenue record. 3. Urban areas have been specially defined for However, in Census publications, the relevant cross Census purposes. In the 1981 Census the same criteria references are generally available and the reader would as accepted in 1961 and 1971 Censuses have been be able to identify such cases. adopted, with some minor variations. Urban areas in 1981 Census consist of: Urban Agglomeration (a) All places with a Municipality, Corporation or 6. The 1971 concept of urban agglomeration is also Cantonment Board or Notified Town area. adopted for the 1981 Census. Very oftea large railway colonies, university campuses, port areas, military (b) All other places which satisfy the following camps, etc. come up outside the statutory limits of the criteria: city or town but adjoining it. Such areas may not by themselves qualify to be treated as towns but if they ( i) A minimum population of 5,000. form a continuous spread with the town, they are out growths of the town and deserve to be treated as urban. (ii) Atleast 75% of the male working popUla Such towns together with their out-growths have been tion being engaged in non-agricultural treated as one urban unit and named 'Urban Agglomera (and allied) activity. tion'. An urban agglomeration may constitute : (iii) A density of population of atleast 400 per Sq. km (or 1,000 per Sq. mile). (a) A city with continuous out-growth (the part of out-growth being outside the statutory limits 4. The urban criteria of 1981 vary slightly from but falling within the boundaries of the adjoin that of 1961 and 1971 Censuses, in that the males ing village or villages); working in activities such as fishing, logging etc. were treated as engaged in non-agricultural activity (b) One town with similar out-growth or two or and therefore, contributed to the 75% criterion in more adjoining towns with their out-growths 1961 atld 1971 <;:'ensuse~ whereas in 1981 Census these as in (a); or ( xxxiii )
(c) A city and one or more adjoining towns holds each such flat or block has been considered as a with their out-growths all of which form a separate census house. continuous spread. 11. Usually a structure has four walls and roof. But Building in some areas the very nature of construction of houses 7. A building is, generally, a single structure on the is such that there may not be any wall for example, a ground. Sometimes it may be made up of more than conical roof and an entrance are provided. Such one component units which are used or likely to be structures have been treated as buildings ard census used as dwellings (residences) or establishments such houses, as the case may be. as shops, business houses, offices, factories, worksheds, 12. If there are more than one structure within an schools, places of entertainment, places of worship, enclosed or open compound (premises) belonging to the godowns, stores etc. It is also possible that buildings same person e.g., the main house, the servant's quarters, which have component units may be used for a the garage, etc., the whole premises have been treated as combination of purposes such as shop-cum-residence, only one building and each of the constituent separate workshop-cum-residence, office-cum-residence, etc. structures has been taken as a census house provided 8. Sometimes a series of different buildings are found these structures satisfy the definition of a 'Census along a street which are joined with one another by House' given hereafter. common walls on either side looking like a continuous Census House structure. These different units are practically indepen dent of one another and likely to have been built at diffe 13. A Census House is a building or part of a rent times and even owned by different persons. In such building having a separate main entrance from the road cases, though the whole structure with all the adjoining or common courtyard or staircase, etc., used or recog units apparently appears to be one building, each nised as a separate unit. It may be occupied or vacant. portion has been treated as a separate building. On the It may be used for a residential or non-residential other hand, one may come across cases, particularly in purpose or both. large cities, of multi-storeyed ownership fiats. In these 14. If a building has a number of fiats or blocks cases, while the structure looks like one building, the which are independent of one another having separate fiats are owned by different persons. In case of such entrances of their own from the road or a common multi-storeyed structures, having a number of fiats staircase or a common courtyard leading to a main gate, owned by different persons, the entire structure has they are considered as separate census houses. If within been treated as one building apd each fiat as a separate a large enclosed area, there are separate buildings owned Census house. by different persons, each such building is treated as 9. Sometimes in metropolitan cities the local one or more separate census house. Within an enclosed authorities have considered the fiats in a block or in compound there may be separate buildings owned by an large colonies as separate buildings and numbered them undertaking or company or even government, actually as such. If the house-numbering system of the local in occupation of different p0rsons. For example, in authorities has been adopted as such, each fiat has also Indian Oil Corporation colony where the buildings are been treated as separate building in order to avoid owned by the corporation they are in occupation of renumbering of these houses. * its employees. Each such building has been reckoned as a separate building. But if in anyone of these buildings, 10. If within a large enclosed area there are separate there are fiats in occupation of different households structures owned by different persons each such each flat is treated as a separate census house. structure has been treated as one or more separate building. Sometimes there may be a number of struc 15. It may be difficult to apply the definition of tures within an enclosed area or compound owned by Census House strictly in certain cases. For example, in an undertaking or company or government which are an urban area, a flat has five rooms, each room having occupied by their employees. Each such structure is a direct entrance to the common staircase or courtyard. treated as a separate building. If such buildings have a By definition, this has to be treated as five census houses. number of fiats or blocks which are independent of one If all those five rooms are occupied by a single house another having separate entrance from a common hold, it is not realistic to treat them as five census houses. courtyard or staircase and occupied by different house- In such a case, singleness of use of these rooms along-
* No such numbering done by town authorities has been adopted for any urban unit in Rajasthan. ( xxxiv) with the main house is considered and the entire flat is touching the ground and an entrance is also provided treated as one census house. On the other hand, if two thus there would not be any wall as such. Such independent households occupy these five rooms, the structures have, of course, been treated as buildings first household living in three rooms and the second and census houses. household occupying two rooms, considering the use, the first three rooms together are treated as one census 19. Pump houses, temples and other similar struc house and the remaining rooms as another census tures have also been treated as census houses as these house. But if each room is occupied by an independent are places where people can live. Obviously, such household, each such room is treated as a separate structures would not be treated as census houses if they census house. are so small that no person can live in them.
16. In case of hostels, hotels, etc., even if the door Household of each room in which an inmate lives opens to a common verandah, staircase, courtyard or common 20. A household is a group of persons who room, as it happens almost invariably, the entire hostel/ commonly live together and would take their meals from hotel building is treated as one census house. But if a common kitchen unless the exigencies of work such hostels/hotels have out-houses or other structures prevent any of them from doing so. There may be a used for different purposes or the same purpose each household of persons related by blood or a hcusehold such structure attached to the main hostel/hotel is of unrelated persons or having a mix of both. Examples treated as a separate census house. In some parts of of unrelated households are boarding houses, messes, the country, in rural areas, the pattern of habitation is hostels, hotels, rescue homes, jails, ashrams etc. These such that a group of huts located in a compound, are called 'Institutional households'. There may be whether enclosed or unenclosed is occupied by one one member households, two member households or household. While the main residence may be located multi-member households. For census purposes, each in one hut, other huts may be used for sleeping, or as a one of these types is regarded as a 'household'. kitchen, bathroom, baithak, etc. Though each of the huts is a separate structure, they form a single housing 21. If a group of persons who are unrelated to each unit and, therefore, have to be treated collectively as a other live in a census house but do not have their meals single census house. If some of the huts are used by from the common kitchen, they would not constitute an one household and the others by a second household as institutional household. Each such person has to be residence, then the two groups of huts are treated as treated as a separate household. The important link in separate census houses. However, if there are also finding out whether there is a household or not is a other huts in the compound used for other purposes common kitchen. and not as a part of the households residence such as, cattleshed, workshed, etc., they are treated as separate Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes census houses. 22. A person is identified as a member of a 17. It is also possible that a household uses another Scheduled Caste or a Scheduled Tribe on the basis of structure, e.g., a baithak, separated from the main the prescribed lists of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled residence by some distance or by other structures or by Tribes as per the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled a road. In such cases, it is necessary to treat that Tribes Lists (Amendment) Order, 1976 issued by the separate structure used as baithak as a separate census President of India. Scheduled Castes can be from house. among Hindus or Sikhs only while a member of a Scheduled Tribe can profess any religion. If the person 18. It is usual to find in municipal towns and cities belonging to a Scheduled Caste or Scheduled Tribe has that every site, whether built up or not, is numbered returned to his/her caste or tribe, it is reckoned as by the municipal authorities on property basis. Such Scheduled Caste or Scheduled Tribe only if that name open sites, even if they are enclosed by a compound finds place in the prescribed list. wall are not listed for census purposes. Only cases where a structure with roof has come up are treated as Literates census houses and listed. But in some areas the very nature of construction of houses is such that there may 23. A person who can both read and write with not be any wall, for example, with a conical roof almost understanding in any language is treated as literate. A ( xxxv) person who can merely read but cannot write, is not agricultural labourers, those engaged in household literate. It is not necessary that a person who is industry and 'other workers'. literate should have passed any minimum educational standard. However, all children of the age of 4 years Cultivator or less are treated as illiterate even if the child is going to a school and may have picked up reading and 27. For purposes of census a person is a cultivator writing a few odd words. if he or she is engaged either as an employer, single worker or family-worker in cultivation of land owned or held from Government or held from private Main Worker, Marginal Worker and Non-Worker persons or institutions for payment in money, kind or 24. 'Work' may be defined as participation in any share. Cultivation includes supervision or direction of economically productive activity. Such participation cultivation. may be physical or mental in nature. Work involves 28. A person who has given out his/her land to not only actual work but also effective supervision and another person or persons for cultivation for money, direction of work. kind or share of crop and who does not even supervise or direct cultivation of land, has not been treated as 25. The 'work' concept of 1961 and 1971 Censuses, cultivator. Similarly, a person working in another as opposed to the income or economic independence person's land for wages in cash or kind or a combination concept of the earlier censuses, is adopted for 1981 of both i.e. agricultural labourer is not treated as a Census, but the criteria for classification of persons as cultivator. Cultivation involves ploughing, sowing and workers has been changed. While in the 1961 and 1971 harvesting and covers production of cereals and millet Censuses different approaches, namely usual status and crops such as wheat, paddy, jowar, bajra, ragi etc. and current status were adopted with reference period of other crops such as pulses, raw jute and kindred fibre one year and one week for seasonal and regular work jute crop, cotton, sugarcane, ground nuts, tapioca etc. respectively, in the 1981 Census the usual status approach but does not include fruit-growing, vegetable-growing or has been adopted uniformly for all work. In 1961 a keeping orchards,'or groves or working on plantations person qualifi~d as a worker if he had worked regularly like tea, coffee, rubber, cinchona and other medical during the last season or if he had worked atleast for plantations. a uay in regular non-seasonal work during the preceding fortnight. At the 1971 Census, a person was treated as Agricultural Labourer a worker only if he had spent his time mainly in work or if he had worked atleast for a day in regular (non-seaso 29. A person who works in a~other person's land nal) work during the preceding week. The dichotomy for wages in money, kind or share is recorded as an of worker/non-worker of 1961 and 1971 Censuses is dis agricultural labourer. He or she has no risk in the carded at the 1981 Census and instead a trichotomy of cultivation but merely works in another person's land main workers, marginal workers and non-workers is for wages. An agricultural labour has no right of lease adopted. For main worker the time criteria of engage or contract on land on which he/she works. ment in work for the major part of the year i.e. 183 days or more is adopted while those who worked for some Household Industry time during the last year but not for the major part of the year i.e., 183 days or more are treated as margi 30. Household Industry is defined as an industry nal workers. Those who had never worked during the conducted by the head of the household himself/herself last year are treated as non-workers. This trichotomy and/or by the members of the household at home or partially permits a comparability of 1981 Census econo within the village in rural areas and only within the mic data with that of 1971 as wdl as 1961. The precincts of the house where the household lives in main workers of 1981 Census can be expected to urban areas. The larger proportir'n of workers in a correspond to the workers of 1971 and main workers household industry should consist of members of the and marginal workers of 1981 together to the workers household including the head. The industry should not of 1961. be run on the scale of a registered factory which would qualify or has to be registered under the Indian Factories 26. The main workers i.e. those who have worked Act. An industry which is being run by a large joint for 183 days or more in the year preceding the enumera family of more than 10 persons where power is used, tion have been further categorized as cultivators, or more than 20 persons where rower is not used, ( xxxvi) though only family members are involved is not treated Marginal Workers as household industry. Thus the meaning of the term 36. Marginal workers are those who have worked run on the scale of a registered factory refers to such any time at all in the year preceding the enumeration cases even if these are not registered as such. but have not worked for major part of that year. In other words, those who have worked any time at all in 31. The main criterion of a household industry is the year preceding the enumeration but the period for the participation of one or more members of a house which they have worked is less than 183 days are cate hold. This criterion applies in urban areas too. Even if gorised as marginal workers. Those who have worked the industry is not actually located at home in rural for a major part of that year i.e. for 183 days or more, areas there is greater pcssibility of the members of are categorised as main workers. Thus, 'other workers' the household participating when it is located any can be either main workers or marginal workers. where within the village limits. In the urban areas where organised industry takes greater prominence, the Non-Workers household industry should be confined to the precincts 37. To distinguish between an 'other-worker' and of the house where the participants live. In urban areas a 'non-worker' a reference to the definition of "work" even if the members of the household by themselves would be relevant. While the 'other-worker' participated run an industry .but at a place aW1Y from the precincts in an economically productive activity and thus did of their home, it will not be considered a household "work" a non-worker has never worked in connection industry. with an economically productive activity any time at all 32. A Household Industry relates to production, in the year preceding the enumeration. Non-workers processing, servicing, repairing or making and selling can belong to one of the following seven categories. (but not merely selling) of goods. It does not include Household Duties professions such as a Pleader or Doctor or Barber, Musician, Dancer, Waterman, Washerman, Astrologer, 38. This covers all persons who wer..:: engaged in etc., or merely trade or business, even if such professions, unpaid home duties and who had not done any 'work' trade or services are run at home by members of the during the last one year preceding the enumeration. If household. a person who normally attended to household duties and was also engaged in some economic activities, then 33. Sometimes a person who may not be working in he/she is a worker and not a non-worker. For exmple, his/her own household industry may be working in a housewife may have helped in family cultivation or another household industry in which case he/she is also agriculture or made and sold cow-dung cakes at odd considered to be engaged in household industry. times, or prepared papar, pickles etc. and sold them. She would be treated as a worker and not as a non 34. Certain activities even though conducted by the worker though she is mainly a housewife. members of the same household collectively may not constitute a household industry such as plantation Students work, livestock maintenance and production, hunting, 39. This category covers all full-time students and trapping and selling of the catch, forestry and logging, children attending school. If a student participated in fishing including rearing of fish and mining and some economically productive work, say by helping quarrying. as an unpaid family worker in family cultivation, or in household industry, trade or business, such student Other Workers has to be treated as a worker and not as a student. On 35. All workers, i.e. those who have been engaged the other hand, a person who mainly attended to in some economic activity during the last one year, but household duties but took a correspondence course or who are not cultivators or agricultural labourers or attended a part-time class would be treated as engaged engaged in household industry are 'Other Workers'. in household duties. The type of workers that come under this category include factory workers, plantation workers, those in Dependents trade, commerce, business, transport, mining, construc 40. This category includes all dependents such as tion and political or social workers, all government infants or children not attending school or a person servants, municipal employees, teachers, priests and permanently disabled from work because of illness or old entertainment artists etc. age. Dependents include even able bodied persons who ( xxxvii ) cannot be categorised in any other category of non Inmates of Institutions workers but are dependent on others. However, if such a person who is dependent on others for subsistence 43. This covers convicts in jails or inmates of a has been seeking work, he or she is categorised as penal, mental or charitable institution, even if such "other non-worker". persons are compelled to do some work such as carpen~ try, carpet-weaving, vegetable-growing etc., in such Retired persons or Rentiers institutions. But an undertrial prisoner enumerated in a jail has to be recorded for the work he or she was 41. A person who has retired from service and is doing before he or she was apprehended. Similarly a doing no other work, i.e. not employed again in some person temporarily in a hospital or other similar institu· full-time work or not engaged in work such as culti tion has to be recorded for the kind of work he or she vation, business, trade etc., or a person who is a was doing before he or she was admitted into the hos rentier or living on agricultural or non-agricultural pital/institution. But for a long-term undertrial prisoner royalty, rent or dividend, or any other person of inde or convict in a prison or for long term inmate of pendent means for securing of which he or she does not penal or charitable or mental institutions, the person's have to work, will come under this category. However, previous work would not be recorded. A person is to if a retired person, apart from drawing pension, is be considered as 'long term' if he or she has been in doing some other work also, he has to be treated as a such an institution for six months or more. worker and not as a retired person. Other Non-work.ers Beggars 44. This category includes all non-workers who 42. This category covers beggars, vagrants or cases might not have come under any of the above six cate such as persons without indication of source of income gories but who were looking for work. A boy or a girl and those with unspecified sources of subsistence who who had completed education or had stopped studying are not engaged in any economically productive work. and was looking for work comes under this category.
ANALYTICAL NOTE-PRIMARY CENSUS ABSTRACT
Distribution and growth of population Dungarpur tehsil, followed by Sagwara and Aspur tehsils. There is no urban area in Aspur tehsil. The According to 1981 Censlls, the total population of Dungarpur district is 682,845 comprising 333,951 males following table shows the distribution of total popula and 348,894 females. The population in the district tion in rural and urban areas and the number of villages according to 1981 Census is concentrated mainly in and towns in the district
TABLE No.1 POPULATION, NUMBER OF VILLAGES AND TOWNS, 1981
Population ~------~------Total Rural Urban No. of villages N f DistrictfTehsil ,-~ ___ ..J-. __.. __-., ("'-__-~-----, r--_...J.------, ,-__ ..J-._.. ~ 0.0 Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Total Inhabited Towns
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Dungarpur District 682,845 333,951 348,894 638,719 310,724 327,995 44,126 23,227 20,899 837 832 2 (100.00) (100.00) (100.00)
Dungarpur TehsiI 345,582 171,183 174,399 318,026 156,169 161,857 27,556 15,014 12,542 429 429 (50.61) (49.79) (62.45)
Aspur Tehsil 121,994 58,171 63,823 121,994 58,171 63,823 144 142 (17.87) (19.10)
Sagwara Teh3!l 215,269 104,597 110,672 198,699 96,384 102,315 16,570 8,213 8,357 264 261 (31.52) (31.11) (37.55)
2. The following data show decadal population and 3. It is seen from the above data that the decadal its variation since 1901 : growth rate in the district was the highest during the TABLE No.2 period 1901-1911. During the decade 1911-21, the POPULATION SINCE 1901 growth rate was high as compared to State growth rate which was negative (- 6.29). In subsequent decades Census Year PopUlation Per cent decadal variation also, the growth rate in the district has been higher 2 3 than the State growth rate except during the decade 1941-51. It has been revealed by many studies of the 1901 100,103 1911 159,192 +59.03 area, that the pattern of both fertility and mortality 1921 189,272 +18.90 is on a higher side in the district. 1931 227,544 +20.22 1941 274,282 +20.54 1951 308,243 +12.38 4. The decadal variation in the urban and rural 1961 406,944 +32.02 population is depicted by the following table, which 1971 530,258 +30.30 also shows that there has been more growth in urban 1981 682,845 +28.78 areas than in rural areas : (xl )
TABLE No.3
DECADAL CHANGE IN DISTRmUTION OF POPULATION
Population --, Percentage decadaI 1971 1981 (1971-81) variation DistrictjTehsil r- ___.J_ ---. r- ___,___,------, ,------, Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Dungarpur District 530,258 499,001 31,257 682,845 638,719 44,126 +28.78 +28.00 +41.17
Dungarpur Tehsil 262,020 242,247 19,773 345,582 318,026 27,556 +31.89 +31.28 +39.36
Aspur Tehsil 96,563 96,563 121,994 121,994 +26.34 +26.34
Sagwara Tehsil 171,675 160,191 11,484 215,269 198,699 16,570 +25.39 +24.04 +44.29
Villages classified by population Aspur tehsil and 261 in Sagwara tehsil. The distribu 5. There are 832 inhabited villages in Dungarpur tion of the villages according to the size of the popula district, of which 429 are in Dungarpur tehsil, 142 in tion is as follows:
TABLE No.4
DISTRIBUTION OF VILLAGES BY POPULATION RANGES
No. of inhabited Percentage of No. of inhabited Percentage of Range of Population villages in each villages in each Range of Population villages in each villages in each range range range range
2 3 2 3
Less than 200 133 15.99 5,000 - 9,999 2 0.24 200 - 499 276 33.17 10,000 & above 500 - 1,999 361 43.39 2,000 - 4,999 60 7.21 Total 832 100.00
6. The above figures show that the maximum 200 - 499. The dispersal of inhabited villages in various number of villages are in the population range of population ranges at tehsillevel has been shown in the 500 - 1,999, followed by the popUlation range of following table : ( xIi )
TABLE No.5 DISTRmVTION OF VILLAGES BY POPULATION RANGES
Number of villages in each range Total ,--______(Figures in parentheses indicate..L percentage of village in each range) District/Tehsil (Inhabited ---.. villages) Less than 200 200-499 500-1,999 2,000-4,999 5,000--9,999 10,000 & above
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Dungarpur District 832 133 ·276 361 60 2 (100.00) (15.99) (33.17) (43.39) (7.21) (0.24)
Dungarpur Tehsil 429 67 144 187 31 (100.00) (15.62) (33.57) (43.59) (7.22)
Aspur Tehsil 142 18 39 74 11 (100.00) (12.68) (27.46) (52.11) (7.75)
Sagwara Tehsil 261 48 93 100 18 2 (100.00) (18.39) (35.63) (38.31) (6.90) (0.77)
Area and Density of Population 8. The density which was 69 per sq. mile in 1901 increased to 133 per sq. kill during 1961 and 141 per 7. The major area of the district is included in sq. kill during 1971 and 181 per sq. km during 1981 Dungarpur tehsil, followed by Sagwara and Aspur Census. The density in the different parts of the tehsils. The table that follows gives the entire position: district is given below: TABLE No.7 TABLE No. 6 DENSITY OF POPULATION BY TOTAL, RURAL RANKING Of TEHSILS BY ARE,\ AND POPULATION AND URBAN AREAS
Area Population Density per sq. km r----..A------.. r----J------.,. DistrictjTehsiI r------"------. Percentage Percentage Total Rural Urban Name of Tehsil to district's Rank to district's Rank Area Population 2 3 4 2 3 4 5 DUDgarpur District 181 170 2,560 Dungarpur Tehsil 43.91 50.61 Dungarpur Tehsil 207 191 2,691 Aspur Tehsil 17.93 3 17.87 3 Aspur Tehsil 179 179 Sagwara Tehsil 38.16 2 31.52 2 Sagwara Tehsil 148 137 2,367
9. It can be seen from the above figures that the density of population is quite high in urban areas. The following data show the villages falling in various ranges of density:
TABLE No.8 DISTRIBUTION OF VILLAGES BY DENSITY RANGE
Range of Density Total No. of inhabited Percentage of Range of density Total No. of inhabited Percentage of (per sq. km) villages in each den villages in each (per sq. km) villages in each den villages in each sity range density range sity range density range 2 3 2 3
Upto 10 3 0.36 201-300 274 32.93 11- 20 3 0.36 301-500 112 13.46 21- 50 13 1.56 501 & above 23 2.77 51-100 52 6.25 101-200 352 42.31 Total 832 100.00 ( xlii )
10. It can be seen from the above that most of the shows the distribution of villages by density at district villages fall in the density group of 101-200 followed by and tehsil level : density raoge of 201-300 and 301-500. The table below
TABLE No. 9 DISTRIBUTION OF VILLAGES BY DENSITY
Number of villages in each density range Total (Figures in parentheses indicate percentage of villages in each range) District/TehsiJ (Inhabited ,------~ ~ villages) 0-10 11-20 ------21-50 51-100 101-200 201-300 301-500 501 & Unspecified above - 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Dungarpur District 832 3 3 13 52 352 274 12 23 (100.00) (0.36) (0.36) (1.56) (6.25) (42.31) (32.93) (13.46) (2.77)
Dungarpur Tehsil 429 1 7 26 176 145 60 14 (100.00) (0.23) (1.63) (6.06) (41.03) (33.80) (13.99) (3.26)
Aspur Tehsil 142 2 2 15 76 31 14 2 (100.00) (1.41) (1.41) (10.56) (53.52) (21.83) (9.86) ( 1.41)
Sagwara Tehsil 261 3 4 11 100 98 38 7 (100.00) (1.15) (1.53) (4.22) (38.31) (37.55) (14.56) (2.68)
Sex Ratio 12. Sex-ratio has been quite high in rural areas during 1971 and 1981, in Dungarpur tehsi1. Similarly in Aspur 11. Sex-ratio as revealed by the table below indicates tehsil, it has been higher both in 1971 and 1981 Censuses since 1901 for Dungarpur district shows that it has been In Sagwara tehsil, however it has been recorded high higher durillg the censuses of 1911, 1951,1971 and 1981. both in rural and urban areas. The following table sums The figures of rural/urban break up of sex-ratio, however, up the position : show that during some censuses like 1901 and 1911 sex-ratio is higher in urban areas while during the 1971 TABLE No. 11 and J 981 censuses, it has been recorded higher in rural areas. The entire position is brought out by the following SEX-RATIO AT TEHSIL LEVEL IN 1971 & 1981 table: ,--______Number of females...L ______per 1,000 males _.. TABLE No. 10 1971 1981 SEX-RATIO SINCE 1901 District/Tehsil J._ Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban No. of females per 1,000 males Census Year r------..).. -, 2 3 4 5 6 7 Total Rural Urban
2 3 4 Duogarpur Distr:ct 1,()15 1,021 931 1,045 1,056 900
1901 1,000 993 1,123 Dungarpur Tehsil 992 1,001 885 1,019 1,036 835 1911 1,012 1,007 1,070 Aspur Tehsil 1,065 1,065 1,097 1,097 1921 987 990 961 1931 988 985 1,023 Sagwara Tehsil 1,025 1,025 1,017 1,058 1,062 1,018 1941 970 970 968 1951 1,003 1,003 1,001 Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes 1961 991 995 930 13. The following table depicts the proportionate 1971 1,015 1,021 931 position of the Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe 1981 1,045 1,056 900 population of the district. (xliii )
TABLE No. 12
PER CENT DISTRIBUTION OF SCHEDULED CASTE AND SCHEDULED TRIBE POPULAlION,1981
Percentage of Percentage of Percentage of Percentage of Scheduled castes Scheduled Tribes Scheduled Castes Scheduled Tribes to total population to total population to total population to total population DistrictJTehsil r------J- DistrictjTehsil ,---...... __---, r--.A.----. Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Dungarpur District 4.52 4.27 8.07 64.44 67.77 16.20 Aspur Tehsil 5.81 5.81 48.27 48.27
Dungarpur Tehsil 3.48 3.12 7.69 74.61 80.10 11.34 Sagwara Tehsil 5.44 5.17 8.69 57.27 60.02 24.29
14. It may be seen from the above data that the proportion of Scheduled Caste population is higher in proportion of Scheduled Caste population is not signi urban areas than in rural areas, while the proportion of ficant while a very high percentage of Scheduled Tribe Scheduled Tribe population is mainly concentrated in population has been registered in the district. The rural areas as is evident from the table that follows :
TABLE No. 13
RURAL/URBAN DISTRIBUTION OF SCHEDULED CASTE & TRlBE POPULATION AT DISTRICT AND TEHSIL LEVEL
Scheduled Caste population Scheduled Tribe population
DistrictfTehsii ,.....- J._ ---., r------.A.------... Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban
2 3 4 5 6 7
Dungarpur District :0,828 27,268 3,560 440,026 432,877 7,149
(100.00) (100.00) (100.00) (100.00) (100.00) (100.00)
Dungarpur Tehsil 12,033 9,913 2,120 257,849 254,724 3,125
(39.03) (36.35) (59.55) (58.60) (58.85) (43.71)
ASpUf Tehsil 7,091 7,091 58,887 58,887
(23.00) (26.01) (13.38) (13.60)
Sagwara Tebsil 11,704 10,264 1,440 123,290 119,266 4,024
(37.97) (37.64) (40.45) (28.02) (27.55) (56.29) ( xliv )
15. tn most of the villages, the Scheduled Caste depicts the distribution of villages in relation to pro population forms an insignificant percentage. The portion of Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe popu percentage of tribal population to total population residing in villages is the highest. The following table ation to total popUlation :
TABLE No. 14
PROPORTION OF SCHEDULED CASTE AND SCHEDULED TRIBE POPULATION TO TOTAL POPULATION IN THE VILLAGES
Scheduled Castes Scheduled Tribes ...., -I.. -, Percentage Range of No. of villages Percentage of Percentage Range of No. of villages Percentage of Scheduled Caste in each range villages in each Scheduled Tribe in each range villages in each population to total range population to range population total population 1 2 3 4 5 6
Nil 454 54.57 Nil 8 0.96
Upto 5 213 25.60 Upto 5 9 1.08
6-10 98 11.78 6-15 22 2.64
11-15 28 3.37 16-25 39 4.69
16-20 20 2.40 26-35 54 6.49
21-30 15 1.80 36-50 78 9.38
31 & above 4 0.48 51 & above 622 74.76
Total 831 100.00 Total 832 100.00
16. The proportion of Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe population to total popUlation in the villages is revealed by the following data :
TABLE No. IS PROPORTION OF SCHEDULED CASTE POPULATION TO TOTAL POPULATION IN THE VILLAGES
No. of villages in each percentage range of Scheduled Caste population to total population District/Tehsil Total (Figures in parentheses indicate percentage of villages in each range.) (Inhabited ,-- ---'------Villages) Nil Upt05 6-10 11-15 16-20 21-30 31 & above
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Duogarpur District 832 454 213 98 28 20 15 4 (100.00) (54.57) (25.60) (11.78) (3.37) (2.40) (1.80) (0.48)
Dungarpur Tehsil 429 253 118 35 7 3 9 4 (lOo.oO) (58.97) (27.51) (8.16) ( 1.63) (0.70) (2.10) (0.93)
Aspur Tehsil 142 51 42 30 8 9 2 (100.00) (35.92) (29.S7) (21.13) (5.63) (6.34) (1.41)
Sagwara Tehsil 261 ISO 53 33 13 8 4 (100.00) (57.47) (20.31) (12.64) (4.98) (3.07) (1.53) ( xiv )
TABLE No. 16
PROPORTION OF SCHEDULED TRIBE POPULATION TO TOTAL POPULATION IN THE VILLAGES
Total No. of villages in each percentage range of Scheduled Tribe popUlation to total population District/Tehsil (Inhabited (Figures in parentheses indicate percentage of villages in each range.) Villages) -----A. Nil Upto5 6-15 16-25 26-35 36-50 51 & above 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Duogarpur District 831 8 9 11 39 54 78 622 (100.00) (0.06) (1.08) (1:64) (4.69) (6.49) (9.38) (74.76)
Dungarpur Tehsil 429 4 5 9 5 10 26 370 (100.00) (0.93) (1.17) (2.10) (1.16) (2.33) (6.06) (86.25)
Aspur Tehsil 142 2 3 8 18 24 23 64 (100.00) (1.41) (2.11) (5.63) (12.68) (16.90) (16.20) (45.07)
Sagwara Tehsil 261 2 1 5 16 20 29 188 (100.00) (0.77) (0.38) (1.92) (6.13) (7.66) (11.11) (72.03)
17. The Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe population is not very much concentrated in towns as is clear from the following data :
TABLE No. 17 SCHE OULED CASTE/SCHEDULED TRIBE POPULATION IN TOWNS
Percentage of Percentage of Total Total Scheduled Total Scheduled Scheduled Caste Scheduled Tribe Name of Town Population Caste population Tribe population population to population to total popUlation total population 1 2 3 4 5 6
All Towns 44,126 3,560 7,149 8.07 16.20 Dungarpur 27,556 2,120 3,125 7.69 11.34 Sagwara 16,570 1,440 4,024 8.69 24.28 Note: Towns have been arranged in alphabetical order.
Literacy comparing the literacy from 1951, it has been observed 18. The literacy rate of the district is 18.52 per cent that there has been continuous increase in the literacy for the total, 29.54 for males and 7.97 for females. On rate. The table given below sums up the position :
TABLE No. 18 LITERACY SINCE 1951
Literacy Rate Literacy Rate Census Year ,------..)....,------, Census Year ,------..)....------, Persons Males Females Persons Males Females
2 3 4 1 2 3 4
1951 5.21 9.10 1.32 1971 14.31 23.03 5.72
1961 10.44 17.31 3.51 1981 18.52 29.54 7.97 ( xlvi)
19. The literacy rate is highest in Dungarpur town 20. The literacy rate according to the population which is 62.32 per cent. Among males, the literacy rate ranges of villages is shown by the table given below. It is 74.39 per cent in Dungarpur town and among females may be seen that the literacy rate is highest in the it is 47.87 per cent in Dungarpur town. The literacy villages in population range 5,000 - 9,999 : rate in Sagwara town has been recorded as 47.18 per cent. The lowest literacy rate has been observed in rural areas of Dungarpur, 14.29 per cent for total, 24.78 per TABLE No. 20 cent for females and 4.17 per cent for females. The LITERACY RATES BY POPULATION RANGE OF VILLAGES following table shows the complete position : Population range No. of inhabited Literacy Rate TABLE No. 19 villages in range LITERACY BY SEX AND BY TOTAL, RURAL AND 2 3 URBAN AREAS
Total Percentage of Literacy Less than 200 134 10.09 DistrictjTehsil Rural --.. Urban Persons Males Females 200- 499 275 12.55
1 2 3 4 5 500-1,999 361 14.95
Dungarpur District T 18.51 29.54 7.97 2,000-4,999 60 18.81 R 15.88 26.65 5.68 U 56.63 68.10 43.89 5,000-9,999 2 35.90 Dungarpur Tehsil T 18.12 29.13 7.31 R 14.29 24.78 4.17 10,000 & above U 62.32 74.39 47.87 Aspur Tehsil T 16.20 26.86 6.49 Total 832 15.88 R 16.20 26.86 6.49 U Sagwara Tehsil T 20.47 31.69 9.86 21. The following table shows the literacy rate ill the R 18.24 29.57 7.57 villages according to the size of population at District/ U 47.18 56.61 37.91 Tehsil level :
TABLE No. 21 LITERACY RATES BY POPULATION RANGES OF VILLAGES
Total Number of villages in each range of population DistrictjTehsil (Inhabited (Figures in parentheses indicate literacy rate in each range) Villages) ,------_.-, Less than 200 200-499 500-1,999 2,000-4,999 5,000-9,999 10,000 & above
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Dungarpur District 1U2 134 275 361 60 2
(15.88) (10.09) (12.S5) (14.95) (18,81) (35.90)
Dungarpur Tehsil 429 67 144 187 31
( 14.29) (11.46) (13.49) (13.91) (15.67)
Aspur Tehsil 142 18 39 74 11
(16.20) (9.00) (1l.56) (14.71) (22.18)
Sagwara Tehsil 261 48 93 100 18 2
(18.44) (8.53) (11.59) (16.92) (22.43) (35.90) ( xlvii )
22. The table below depicts the literacy rate in Working Population towns. 23. As per the classification of economic activity TABLE No. 22 into main workers, marginal workers and non-workers, LITERACY RATES IN TOWNS the total non-workers in the district are 55.57 per cent of the total population, 27.19 per cent main workers and Literacy Rate Name of Town J..... __~ 17.24 percent marginal workers. In case of males 48.26 r-~ Persons Males Females are main workers, 2.73 per cent as marginal workers and 1 2 3 4 49.01 are non-workers. In case of females 7.03 per cent only are main workers, 3l.12 per cent marginal workers Dungarpur 62.32 74.39 47.87 and 61.85 per cent are non-workers. The following Sagwala 47.18 56.61 37.91 table sums up the position :
TABLE No. 23
PERCENTAGE OF MAIN WORKERS, MARGINAL WORKERS AND NON-WORKERS IN THE DISTRICT
Total Percentage of Main Percentage of Marginal Percentage of Non- District/Tehsil Rural workers to total population workers to total population workers to total population Urban ,------'- -, r-----.J-----, _,__-----~ Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Dungarpur District T 27.19 48.26 7.03 11.24 2.73 31.12 55.57 49.01 61.85 R 27.44 48.80 7.20 18.33 2.89 32.95 54.23 48.31 59.85 U 23.61 41.00 4.29 1.44 0.59 2.39 74.95 58.41 93.32
Dungarpur Tehsil T 26.75 47.87 6.03 17.82 3.11 32.26 55.43 49.02 6L71 R 26.98 48.53 6.18 19.30 3.37 34.67 53.72 48.10 59.15 U 24.15 40.95 4.03 0.77 0.37 1.26 75.08 58.68 94.71
Aspur Tehsil T 29.27 50.88 9.56 21.75 2,l~8 38.96 48.98 46.24 51.48 R 29.27 50.88 9.56 21.75 2.88 38.96 48.98 46.24 51.48 U
Sagwara Tehsil T 26.72 47.44 7.14 13.73 2.03 24.79 59.55 50.53 68.07 R 27.06 47.98 7.34 14.66 2.12 26.48 58.28 49.90 66.18 U 22.72 41.09 4.67 2.55 0.99 4.09 74'73 57.92 91.24
24. The above data show that in urban area, the percentage of main workers and marginal workers is higher in Aspur tehsil. majority of the females are non-workers and the number 25. The following data show the classification of of females reported as marginal workers in urban areas main workers engaged as cultivators, agricultural is also very small. In rural areas the percentage of labourers, household industry and other workers in rural marginal workers is higher than in urban areas. The and urban areas : ( xlviii )
TABLE No. 24 PER CENT DISTRIBUTION OF WORKING POPULATION BY ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
Categories of Main Workers Total -J.. -. Rural Agricultural Household DistrictjTehsil Urban Total Main Workers Cultivators Labourers Industry Other Workers r----'------.., ,-__..J.... ____ ,-__..J.... __...... ,-__J.. __-, ,------_-L__ -., Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Dongarpor District T 100.00 100.00 76.10 43.67 4.01 34.77 2.35 2.51 17.54 19.05 R 100.00 100.00 80.23 45.08 4.22 35.98 2.18 2.16 13.37 16.78 U 100.00 100.00 10.23 6.36 0.77 2.90 5.04 11.83 &3.96 78.91
Dungarpur Tehsil T 100.00 100.00 77.19 49.41 3.38 29.99 1.79 1.95 17.64 18.65 R 100.00 100.00 82.93 51.83 3.62 31.47 1.53 1.49 11.92 15.21 U 100.00 100.00 6.49 1.58 0.45 0.79 4.98 ]1.07 88.08 86.56
Aspur Tehsil T 100.00 100.00 74.75 40.57 4.00 28.99 2.37 2.67 18.88 27.77 R 100.00 100.00 74.75 40.57 4.00 28.99 2.37 2.67 18.88 27.77 U 100.00 100.00
Sagwara Tehsil T 100.00 100.00 75.08 38.42 5.05 45.59 3.27 3.1'5 16.60 12.84 R 100.00 100.00 79.32 39.76 5.32 47.66 3.13 2.65 12.23 9.93 U 100.00 100.00 17.04 12.56 1.33 5.64 5.16 12.82 76.47 68.98
26. The main economic characteristics that comes to has been lower in the district as compared to State level light from the above data is that in rural areas, most of during all the Census years from 1951 to 1981. The the workers are engaged in cultivation and in urban decadal variation in urban popUlation has been higher areas in occupations grouped under 'other work'. The at the State level except during 1971 Census. The overall picture of the district appears to be that most of density of population has been recorded on a higher side the workers are engaged as cultivators. The proportion of agricultural labourers among females is higher. than the State level. The same applies with the sex ratio which has also been recorded on a higher side Changes during last thirty years than the State level. The entire situation is made clear 27. The share of urban popUlation to total population by the following table:
TABLE No. 25 GROWTH, DENSITY, SEX-RATIO OF URBAN POPULATION IN THE DISTRICT IN RELATION TO THE STATE
___Dungarpur, ...J._ District__ _ Rajasthan State ,------, r------._..J....
Census Total Urban Total Urban year population population population population
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ]2 13
1951 308,243 21,742 7.05 N.A. 1,001 15,970,774 2,955,275 18.50 N.A. 928
1961 406,944 21,410 5.26 -1.53 1,076 930 20,155,602 3,281,478 16.28 +11.04 598 882
1971 530,258 31,257 5.89 +45.99 1,522 931 25,765,806 4,543,761 17.63 +38.47 1,198 875
1981 682,845 44,126 6.46 +41.17 2,560 900 34,261,862 7,210,508 21.05 +58.69 1,602 877 ANALYTICAL NOTE-VILLAGE AND TOWN DIRECTORY
Amongst the 832 inhabited villages of Dungarpur The highest percentage of villages served with postal district 72.24 per cent are served with educational facilities is in tehsil Aspur while highest number of facilities. The highest percentage of inhabited villages such villages is in tehsil Dungarpur. served with educational facilities is in tehsil AspuT (80.99 per cent) and the minimum in tehsil Dungarpur 5. Only one village of tehsil Aspur has market/hat (70.16 percent). facilities in the district.
2. Medical amenity is available in more than 15 per 6. More than 27 per cent of the villages in the cent of the inhabited villages of the district. The district have communication facilities viz., Bus-stand/ percentage of inhabited villages where medical amenities Railway Station facilities. The highest percentage of are available range between 13.99 per cent in tehsil such villages is in tehsils Aspur and Sagwara and the Dungarpur to 17.62 per cent in tehsil Sagwara. minimum in tehsil Dungarpur.
3. All the inhabited villages of the district except 7. About 29 per cent of inhabited villages of the three in tehsil Sagwara are served with drinking water district are approachable by pucka road from the facilities. communication points and about 27 per cent of them served with electricity as may be seen from the table 4. More than 27 per cent of the inhabited villages of giving distribution of villages according to the availabi the district served with Post and Telegraph amenities. lity of the different amenities :
TABLE No.1
DIHRlBUTION OF VILLAGES ACCORDING TO THE AVAILABILITY OF DIFFERENT AMENITIES
No. of No. (with percentage) of villages having one or more of the following amenities Dlstrict/Tehsil Inhabited ,-- ~------~ Villages Education Medical Drinking Post and Marketj Commu- Approach by Power water Telegraph hat nication pucka road supply 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Dungarpur District 832 601 128 829 227 1 226 239 224 (72.24) (15.38) (99.64) (27.28) (0.12) (27.16) (28.73) (26.92) Dungarpur Tehsil 429 301 60 429 111 109 129 117 (70.16) (13.99) (100.00) (25.87) (25.41) (30.07) (27.27) Aspur Tehsil 142 115 22 142 52 1 44 39 30 (80.99) (15.49) (100.00) (36.62) (0.70) (30.99) (27.46) (21.13) Sagwara Tehsil 261 185 46 258 65 73 71 77 (70.88) (17.62) (98.85) (24.90) (27.97) (27.20) (29.50)
8. About 91 per cent of the rural population is facilities and the villagers have to fetch water from near sarved with educational amenities.The highest percentage by villages. of rural population served with educational facilities is in tehsil Aspur. 11. About 44 per cent population of the district population is served with communication facilities and 9. About 36 per cent of the rural population is about 48 per cent with electric supply. Pucka approach served with medical facilities and 54 per cent with postal road from the Bus-stand/Railway Station is available to facilities at the district leveL 40.75 per cent rural population. Details regarding 10. Only 0.11 per cent of the rural popUlation is proportion of rural population served with different served with market/hat facilities and only 0.25 per cent amenities at tehsil/district level have been presented in of the rural population is not served with drinking water the following table : ( )
TABLE No.2
PROPORTION OF RURAL POPULATION SERVED WUH DIFFERENT AMENIllES
Percentage of rural population...t. ____ served with the amenity of DistrictjTehsil Total popul ation ,------, of inhabited Education Medical Drinking Post & Market/ Communi- Approach Power villages water Tele- hat cation by pucka supply graph road 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Dungarpur District 638,719 91.30 35.60 99.7S 54.47 0.11 44.05 40.75 47.92 Dungarpur Tehsil 318,026 89.22 30.52 100.00 51.09 38.92 39.33 46.09 Aspur Tehsil 121,994 95.63 35.57 100.00 61.90 0.60 48.97 42.56 44.00 Sagwara Tehsil 198,699 91.97 43.76 99.21 55.32 49.25 41.90 53.26
12. In case of villages where various amenities are 14. Postal facilities are available within 5 km in case not available, educational amenities are available within of about 80.50 per cent villages and in case of 4.96 5 km in case of 95.26 per cent villages. The medical per cent villages, these are available at lO+km. In facilities in such villages are available at 5 km in case of most cases, market/hat facility is available at 10+km. 6l.70 per cent villages and at 5-10 km in case of 29.6 per cent villages. In case of villages where these are not available, communication facilities are available in 67.60 per cent 13. In case of the three inhabited villages where villages at - 5 km. The following table gives the drinking water facility is not available, it is to be fetched distribution of villages not having various amenities by from within 5 km in case of two villages and from 10 km distance ranges from the place where these are available in case of one village. at district level:
TABLE No.3 DISTRIBUTION OF VILLAGES NOT HAVIl'iG CERTAIN AMENIrIES, ARRANGED BY DIE>TAl'tCE RAl'iGES FROM THE PLACE WHERE THESE ARE AVAILABLE
Number of villages where the amenity Number of villages where the amenity Villages not is not available and available at Villages not is not available and available at having the distance (in km.) of having the distance (in km) of amenity of ,- amenity of ,------..)_------~ Total Total Less than 5 5-10 10 & above (eols.2-4) Less than 5 5-10 10 & above (cols. 2-4) 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
Education 220 11 231 Post & Telegraph 487 88 30 605 Medical 435 209 60 704 Market/hat 25 39 77 141 Drinking water 2 1 3 Communication 410 140 56 606
15. The largest percentage 65.38 of inhabited villages percentage of villages served with educational, medical in the district is located at 16-50 km from the nearest and postal amenities is to be seen in the villages situated town followed by those located at 6-15 km - 16.59 at - 5 km from the nearest town. It is probably so as per cent. Only 12 per cent villages are such as are the concerned adjoining villages avail the facilities in the situated 51 +km from the nearest town. town. As far as communication amenities are concerned minimum percentage is to be noted in case of villages 16. The largest percentage of villages served with situated at 51 + km from the nearest town. educational, medical, postal and communication amellities is among inhabited villages in distance range 17. The following table show!> the distance of 6-15 kill from the nearest town. The minimum towns from various villages : ( Ii )
TABLE No. 4 DISTRIBUTION OF VILLAGES ACCORDING TO THE DISTANCE FRO\{ THE NEAREST TOWN AND AVAILABILIlY OF DIFFERENT AMENITII:S
Distance range Number of Number (with percentage) of villages having the amenity of from the nearest inhabited r- -L -.. town (in krn) villages in Education Medical Drinking Post & Market/ Commu- Appro- Power each ranges water Tele- hat nication ach by supply graph pucka road 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Upto 5 50 32 6 50 12 12 19 18 (64.00) (12.00) (100.00) (24.00) (24.00) (38.00) (36.00)
Ii-IS 138 116 25 137 47 45 41 51 (84.06) (18.12) (99.28) (34.06) (32.61) (29.71) (36.96)
16-50 544 370 81 542 136 147 164 129 (68.01) (14.89) (99.63) (25.00) (27.02) (30.15) (23.71)
51 & above 100 83 16 100 32 1 22 15 26 (83.00) (16.00) (100.00) (32.00) ( 1.00) (22.00) (15.00) (26.00)
Unspecified
Total 832 601 128 829 227 1 226 23!j 224 (72.24) (15.38) (99.64) (27.28) (0.12) (27.16) (28.73) (26.92)
18. The highest percentage of inhabited villages is larger the population range larger is the percentage of in the population range 499 followed by those in the villages having various amenities or conversely, lesser population range 500-1,999. Only 0.24 per cent of the in the population range lesser is the percentage of villages habited villages are having population 5,000 & above. The enjoying various amenities, as may be seen from the percentage of inhabited villages having various amenities following table presenting distribution of the villages is larger in case of villages having large population, i.e. according to popUlation ranges and amenities;
TABLE No.5 DISTRIBUTION OF VILLAGES ACCORDING TO POPULATION RANGE AND AMENITIES AVAILABLE
Number of Number (with percentage) of villages having the amenity of inhabited ,.------'- -.. Population range villages in Education Medical Drinking Post & Market/ Commu- Approach Power each range water Tele- hat nication by pucka supply graph road 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Upto 499 411 191 18 409 24 66 91 48 (46.47) (4.38) (99.51) (5.84) (16.06) (22.14) (11.68) 500-1,999 359 349 64 358 148 1 117 108 130 (97.21) (17.83) (99.72) (41.23) (0.28) (32.59) (30.08) (36.21 )
2,000-4,999 60 59 44 60 53 41 38 44 (98.33) (73.33) (100.00) (88.33) (68.33) (63.33) (73.33)
5,000 & above 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 (100.00) (100.00) (100.00) (100.00) (100.00) (100.00) (100.00)
Total 832 601 128 829 227 1 226 239 224 (72.24) (15.38) (99.64) (27.28) (0.12) (27.16) (28.73) (25.92) ( Iii
19. Maize is the main staple food in majority of the the total area is in tehsil Aspur and minimum is in tehsil villages in every tehsil of the district Dungarpur. Sagwara. The highest percentage of irrigated area to cultivable area is in tehsil Sagwara. All the three tehsils 20. About 59 per cent of the total area in inhabited of the district have the irrigated areas as is evident from villages is cultivable and only 6.43Iper cent of it is the following table depicting the distribution of villages irrigated. The highest percentage of cultivable area to according to land use :
TABLE No.6
DISTRIBUTION OF VILLAGES ACCORDING TO LAND USB
Number of Total area Percentage of culti Percentage of irrigated District/Tehsil Inhabited (in hectares) vable area to total area to total cuI ti vable Villages area area
1 2 3 4 5
Dungarpur District 832 378,195 58.94 6.43
Dungarpur Tehsil 429 166,297 64.51 6.15
Aspur Tehsil 142 68,262 67.85 5.39
Sagwara Tehsil 261 143,636 48.25 7.57
21. In case of urban centres annual per capita per capita expenditure is III Dungarpur town and municipal receipt comes to Rs. 39.63 at the district level. minimum in Sagwara town. At the town level the highest per capita receipt is in 23. The per capita expenditure is more than the Dungarpur and minimum in Sagwara town. The per per capita receipt in Sagwara town. The largest per capita receipt is more than the district average is in only capita expenditure is on general administration and other one town, viz., Dungarpur. The highest per capita aspects in Dungarpur and public health and conveniences, receipt through taxes is in Dungarpur. general administration in Sagwara town as is evident from the following table showing annual per capita 22. Annual per capita municipal expenditure comes receipt and expenditure according to broad classification to Rs. 34.39 at district level. At the town level, highest at town and district level :
TABLE No.7
PER CAPITA RECEIPT AND EXPENDITURB IN TOWNS
Per capita Receipt (in Rs.) Per capit'l Expenditure (in Rs.) ,--______~ ___~ ____.J.._ ____~ ______... Name, class & r------J------.... civic status of Total Receipt Receipt from Total expen- General Expenditure Public Expenditure Other the town through all other ditures adminis- on public works on public aspects taxes sources tration health & institutions conveniences
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Total 39.63 27.91 11.71 34.39 IS.Ii 6.11 3.46 024 6.40
Dungarpur (M) HI 46.01 32.97 13.04 36.81 23.56 3.11 3.25 0.18 6.71
Sagwara(M) IV 29.03 19.52 9.51 30.37 9.21 11.10 3.82 0.36 5.89 ( liii )
TABLE No.8 24. Educational institutions at the level of Higher SCHOOLS PER TEN THOUSAND POPULATION IN TOWNS Secondary/Inter/Po U. C./Junior College are functioning No. per ten thousand population Name, class & r- ---'------., in both the urban centres of the district and the ~highest civic status of the town Higher Secon- Junior Pri- number of such institutions per ten thousand population Secondaryl daryl Secon- mary Inter/P.U.C./ Matri- daryl comes to 1.21 in Sagwara town and lowest comes to Junior culation Middle College 0.73 per cent in Dungarpur town. The highest number Total 0.91 1.13 3.63 5.44 of educational institutions of Secondary/Matriculation Dungarpur (M) III 0.73 1.09 4.35 5.44 level per 10,000 population comes to 1.21 in Sagwara Sagwara (M) IV 1..21 1.21 2.41 5.43 town and 1.09 in Dungarpur town. The number of 25. The number of beds in medical institutions per educational institutions per 10,000 population at the one thousand population comes to 5.03 at district level, Junior Secondary/Middle level is more than the district 6.57 in Dungarpur town and 2.47 in Sagwara town. average in one and at primary level in both the urban 26. There is no slum, notified or otherwise in any of centres as may be seen from the following table giving the towns in Dungarpur district. Soapstone and Mortar number of various types of educational institutions per are the most important commodities manufactured and rice is the most important commodity exported and iron ten thousand population in towns at the district/town and ghee are the most important commodities imported level: in both the towns of the district.
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Cfi \7fiftfl:!!'''fT m~' f:Jf~ Cffr ~Il~;:r 5T!llT~fifCfl ~Cflr~lfT ~ B"Hrfi:er;:r :Jfi'flll;!JifT ~tCfl~T Cfi"T ~qt@T ~ I ~~ q~~ ~;;rTlf t~~llTrr 'fiTlfT~ ~~ ~~;j;r ftf-m, 1983 $fCfITltif ~ ~i(f;qa liliq;n~,,,~ m+l q ~ mfm;r : 1. m SfCIllTf«~ mfu:r"'T ~ 2. m 'fr'U~~ii ~'5f<:r;;r1 ~"'r ~lfCIi 3. ~~W+fT ~..,;t~ 4. o;rrl'ffit ",cf'ttf llT<'fT'I'iT<: ~~lfCIi 5. 1. JJ.ft'if~ 1. m ~Tc'rd«El: cm.tO ~ll) 1. o;r1 ~Ur'f~ ~t U ~: 1. m ~{ <:ro~;:r 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 342,239 34,261,862 100.00 +32.97 24.38 919 30.48 20,634 2,029,968 3 5.93 +45.62 26.03 874 29.48 27,244 848,749 20 2.48 +48.08 28.20 891 29.31 16,830 1,179,466 16 3.44 +34.88 21.86 954 3. 't~ 29.50 4. !i'iN' 5,928 1,211,583 15 3.54 +30.39 28.61 956 25.04 8,380 1,771,173 5 5.17 +27.32 26.53 892 26.73 4 5.50 26.05 6. 'ifU!~~ 8,100 1,884,132 +36.43 831 27.27 7. 1JCITt lIT!;ffT; 10,527 1,535,870 9 4.48 +28.68 23.23 867 28.86 9.98 31.40 8. :;pr~~ 14,068 3,420,574 +37.79 894 29.37 9. 'Tr'fi~ 7,732 1,377,245 11 4.02 +32.09 25.43 963 24.62 10 10. ~ 8,481 1,440,366 4.20 +25.50 35.30 922 35.83 11. eT 12. ~il~ 38,401 243,082 26 0.7\ +45.77 15.80 811 32.09 13. :3j"T~<: 22,850 1,667,791 6 4.87 +44.68 26.64 909 30.59 14. 16. ;;n~i:n: 28,387 1,118,892 17 3.27 +44.41 12.29 904 31.85 17. ~'h:: 10,640 903,073 18 2.64 +35.20 13.70 942 29.41 18. ftro~T 5,136 542,049 25 1.58 +27.90 20.07 963 29.46 10,455 1,310,379 12 3.82 +24.22 19.79 942 38.50 2 6.88 22.01 20. ~~ 17,279 2,356,959 +30,68 977 30.13 21. ~lT<9 10,856 1,232,494 14 3.60 +30.32 21.94 951 37.81 22. ~.~~<: 3,770 682,845 23 1.99 +28.78 18.52 1,045 27.19 23. 24 .•t~ 5,550 586,982 24 1.71 +30.72 20.14 887 33.93 25. m 12,436 1,559,784 8 4.55 +36.36 32.33 888 30.40 6,219 784,998 21 2.29 +26.21 22.11 926 35.96 ._------_ rn!Cql~. lOlli, "{T~ ~''T"{~'- ml:f f;rm l1r.ni,," ~M 34,261,862 682,845 ~ 17,854,154 333,951 ~t 16,407,708 348,894 vtq'Tar "fm; 27,051,354 638,719 ~ 14,013,454 310,724 mm 13,037,900 327,995 ~ 7,210,508 44,126 ~ 3,840,700 23,227 mm 3,369,808 20,899 ~ 'f'fflf ~ m ~'{ 1971-81 +32.97 +28.78 ~ (q~ fiF. 1ft.) 342,239 3,770 ~ ifr ~ ('SIfu ~ fiF. 1ft.) 100 181 m-~~ (mo 1,OOO~q;: f~ 2],05 6.46 ~<; GA~~ ~ »filmr l!ft W'fiiT it Sl"fcrnmrr : 30.48 27.19 (i) ~'liTll'rn~ Cllfu; 49.92 48.26 ~ fu;r:rt 9.32 7.03 6.13 ( ii) tr'h:rTfui!i i!iTlI' 'P{ir qr<'f ~ 17.24 0.98 2.73 ~ fu;r:rt 11.74 31.12 63.39 (iii ) ifTll' ;:r@ if'{i{ '"~ a:rf'ffi 55.57 'JW 49.10 49.01 f~ 78.94 61.85 !jeq 'III11f m ~ 1ff 'ITI'~ : WSl1 !pT1f ~ 'Iffi'it i't srfirn acrr ; (i) ifl'io'liT<: ~fm 61.59 11.81 60.70 76.10 ~ f~j 66.75 43.67 (il) iitf~ ~'{ Olffu; 7.32 8.07 ~~ 5.89 4.01 fur:rt 15.67 34.77 ( n ) a ~"Tc"cti "(iii;' ~~ ,,'tTW ~w:l' f.irm (iii) "Hfunf~lIi" ~lf ~ 3.26 2.38 3.33 2.35 ~ mfIrt 2.82 2.51 (iv) qrl[ lfi"Tlf rn ~ ilI"fffi 27.83 17.74 ~I!f 30.08 17.34 mmt 14.76 19.05 ~ ~ qiT ~ it ~ffi ;;nfu ~ ~ 'fiT srfcma Olffu; 17.04 4.51 ~ 17.10 4.52 ~ 16.98 4.51 '¥<'f 'iI'f~T ~ 12.05 64.58 ~ 12.39 64.30 ~m~ ~ ilq.y;fl ~ q~ 5,726,680 120,317 ~ 83 ~ 197 3 rf.irr« mm '1ft mr lT~ 37,124 837 miH'=' 34,968 832 ~~~ 2,156 5 "fm) '1ft mr 201 2 cnmfcrlli" .n ~ fuf';;ra ~<'f (~ it) ( 1979-80) 3,308,273 14,733 ¥i~lfq~I"' ¥iT9tflr1fiJ~ ~lIi" ~ (~) (1979-80) 2,168 41 ~ 31T~fJflli" mi'IT (q1§llT) (1979-80) 5,175 121 SI'N~ ~q' ~ srr~fl;", ~T<'fl (~) (1979-80) 21,3!3 542 a~ (fif;. ;ft. it) (1979-80i 40,399 918 'I'flTT./rrm m:r}ft~rr (31-3-80 !fir ~fa) 13.831 355 !!It:1; fq~~",~ (1919-80 ,.,.~) 183.238 1,317 srr'Ri~;:r n) (~) m~ mm"{ (\9) qf(:qlllc~Cfi m~ (1~) ~':rW f~(1T-~ fcr~:r;r C{~ (~\9) f~m ~;:m~ ~~ 0fiT ~~m ('~~) ~r;r cr ;:rlf"{ f;:rif~CfiT m.: >rr~f;rOfi ~;:rlf~;:rr ~ Ofif fCfl3flf -el"l (~~) ~;:r~;:rr ~~q-iiTJ::t ('~~) >rr~flTOfi ~;:m~ m"{ 'fiT fcrl!"~q~ (~t) mlT cr ;:rlf"{ f.tif!rrcf;r OfiT fcrll~q-~ (~o) ~T,,-a mq _ ~,,~ f~if~$T ~m I-IDlT fiRfuCfiT ~TlT f;:r~fu1fiT if fcrfmr ~fcr~nTT if; ~l!"[Ti'f ~9; >r~'ffi f.fii't lfi't ~1f;cr 5 ~TlT frr i1lf"{ f;:r qf"{f~lS?: ~'l'~f;[ ~ff~"T ;:m~ If·'f ~Ff~~ 128 f;;rm SITq-fl1'" \ifOl~T ~n: 130 ;;rnft~ 5ITq-fltcfi '"fi'f1T~T ~ 1. ~1T"{~ a~~ 134 2. 9;fT~"{ ~., 174 3. ~T~T~rn 160 ~ 5IT~ '3f.'f~ ij"f"{ 1. t1TW i'ff('"{ 182 2 . ~f141 "II'l?l i'flT"{ 182 q-~ q-h~ I - ~mf:qq urrmm a~T ~m:f.:fcr ~Tfrn:iT Wt:1H q-.:: mlif "'T ~~ 191 Wj~fqcr '"fTm ~ ~~f<;r(f iiA'"frm ij- ~4iffiKf f..t~ J;IT~fucr; 'iA~T m-.:: ~~~fqq '"fTrnlff 9;fn: !I;f~R(f \ifOlmf(fl.:fT 9ft ~:;;ft-'U'"f~q-T f"f~~ ,,~Ilti re~ 211 fq~ Wj~~ tT"'fTlfa ~fi:rfulft fcrCfi"T~-5fm~;:r Cf~mrr ~'~r ~ rr~ f~~T \;f~ f'ii f.r~T *~!f!fTif:l;fR frrCfi"GCTl1 ~ far;:~ f\;f.,if; arT~ ij- 1 97 1 CfiT \;f'l'if~ ~ ~lf ~rrT ~~ rr~T Cfi"T iflfT ~T ~ m~-msq 5T~~Cfi f~~ if; ~fu~m, PF1T~fCT, mlTlf~ ff~fG', 5Tm~f.:rCfi" ~Rr I q<:fGrr Cf it~TfuCfi llircCf ~ p:n;ff ~ Wll mllA 'ifFTCfiT':::T ~fl=l1f;:;ra ~~ ~q; tJ:op f ~\;f if; op~~ :l;fT~r Cfi"T ~mT ~ fCfi ~ f;jf<.iT 'ifrr~rrT ~fH'fiT m\;frrTf~T, Gfi~lfl~CfiHT f~ iii'\' q,faf{Tf{{1Ii "if" ;xT11)l:!J ef"f q"{ 1:1;'Ii" llTfffillTT<.'11' m~ ~ ~lffurr 'fiT CfiWfT ~T ;;r) lfIi 'i:T~lf lfQT;;rif ~T~ cffr ~'lfT ~ f~ "~;11 q~T~t iip iFT"{" ~ ~~cf ~~"{ funmr efiHT ~ ~T I ~T!lTT~ it fCf 5 . +{~roer~ u+{f~ Et Wflf It ~~ &l?f ~ '1"\:1"0);:r 1 o. fCfCfiT~ 1 1 7,5 00 "UOO f 8. 1971-81 G:~ Cirq+frf ~qra: qqr ?It?; ~ crQ:~ 4 3 ~ 0 Cf * ~<: "fiT ~Tiff f~fTt 1899-1900 'r0 1 ( ~o ) «T;:;r (~~'liT ~ lilfffTifTf;;m W;~) 1 2 'ii:~fu ~ fPffr 2 5. :!A~ fiifz;IT #t lf~t 'iff 'li~{{ ~ cit ~ lTI~lf mm 27. 'fm"iJ1fiT<:T ~ fill=i'f~1f@~ (fq ~ :- ~<::Ttfi :!AT<:: <::afT ~ I ;;rfcrf 32, f~B-;r 1977 CfiT ~~