DOCSLIB.ORG

Experiential Storytelling with Criminalized Indian Women

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Experiential Storytelling with Criminalized Indian Women View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Saskatchewan's Research Archive They Stole my ThunderWarriors Who Were Behind the Walls: Experiential Storytelling with Criminalized Indian Women A Thesis Submitted to the College of Graduate Studies and Research in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Community and Epidemiology University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon by Sharon Leslie Acoose Kiishiibii-biizuu Kinew Ikwe “Circling Eagle Woman” © Copyright Sharon Leslie Acoose, September 28, 2012. All rights reserved. Permission to Use In presenting this thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a postgraduate degree from the University of Saskatchewan, I agree that the Libraries of this University may make if freely available for inspection. I further agree that permission for copying of this thesis in any manner, in whole or in part, for scholarly purposes may be granted by the professors who supervised my thesis work, or in their absence, by the Head of the Department or the Dean of the College in which my thesis work was done. It is understood that any copying or publication or use of this thesis or parts thereof for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. It is also understood that due recognition shall be given to me and to the University of Saskatchewan in any scholarly use which may be made of any materials in my thesis. Requests for permission to copy or make other use of material in this thesis in whole or in part should be addressed to: Head of Community Health & Epidemiology University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N-5E5 i Abstract This thesis is an exploration of the meaning of reintegration as understood through the lives of four criminalized Indian women, myself included, using life history methodology. These women’s stories were told through a series of Sharing Circles, which I organized and ran. During these circles, we shared and discussed at length the factors that we felt made us end up behind bars. We then went on to construct Medicine Wheels, which are a traditional way of directing our paths towards lifelong healing. Finally, I interviewed each of the women individually and also recounted my own life story. Through sharing our stories, the women and I became remarkably stronger, and together we found peace of mind and purpose in life. Many clear patterns emerged from this research. Each woman grew up and lived in extreme violence, suffered childhood sexual abuse, and became involved in street life at one point or another. Drugs and alcohol also became detriments to the women’s physical, emotional, spiritual, and mental well-being. The lack of positive influences or resources that could show them another way of life, whether through family, school, or friends, was equally striking. During the research, the women were asked to answer three questions about how they understand their own reintegration. The resulting consensus is that in order for criminalized Indian women to successfully live prison-free, they must first begin by healing from the pain they have experienced throughout their lives. Only then will they be able to build happier, healthier lives for themselves. I conclude this thesis with several policy recommendations for Correctional Services Canada (CSC). I recommend that CSC develop and consistently deliver culturally appropriate programs that not only place criminalized Indian women’s experiences at their center but that also address the specific needs of these women. I also propose that Sharing Circles like the one conducted for this research be implemented behind prison walls, and that such Circles continue once women are released. Finally, I suggest that ceremony and tradition can contribute greatly to criminalized Indian women’s healing and reintegration, and that further research into this area is sorely needed. ii Acknowledgements First and foremost, I would like to acknowledge a Creator of my understanding. With this important belief system my PhD journey was made successful. And my Creator has given me the strength to stay clean and sober for the past twenty-two years, mikwec! I would like to acknowledge my brother Gerald Acoose and his wife Lynda Acoose. It is with their never-ending support that I have been able to sustain my life. They have walked with me in my moccasins. I love you both. I would like to acknowledge my nephews, my nieces, my great- nephews, and my great-nieces—this one is for you, I love you. And, I would like to acknowledge and honour my deceased brother Joey Acoose and my deceased sister Gloria Williams (Acoose). I love and miss you both. I would like to acknowledge my daughters Starla, Jolene, and Stephanie, and my son Joseph. I would like to acknowledge my eleven grandchildren and my two great-grandchildren: you all unknowingly kept the fire in my soul burning, I love you. I would like to acknowledge the three amazing Indian women who participated in this research: Donna Gamble, Jasmine, and Sandy. You made this research possible with your beautiful stories of healing, I love you. I would like to acknowledge and honour Dr. Leonard Tan who was instrumental in assisting me in the doctoral application process. Because of his support I was accepted into the Department of Community Health & Epidemiology in the College of Medicine at the University of Saskatchewan to do my PhD. Mikwec! I would like to acknowledge Elder Danny Musqua, Elder Mary Lee, Elders Walter & Maria Linklater. I would also like to acknowledge my good friends Ron and Nancy. I am so grateful to you for showing me the importance of culture, tradition, and ceremony. I love you all very much. I would like to acknowledge Louise McCallum (my transcriber), Miriam McNab, Tania Lafontaine, Jason Albert, and my Indian grandmother Joan Sanderson. My heart is yours, I love you. I would like to acknowledge the Sakimay First Nation Chief and Council, as well as Wanda Sangwais who was my post-secondary counselor. Thank you for your monetary support in these last eight years. Mikwec! I would like to acknowledge all my students: you all have a piece of my heart, and you have made my teaching experience exciting and rich. And remember that when you are in a bind and stressed, clean it up one room at a time. I love you. I would like to acknowledge Darlene W, Sarah L, Debra A, Doreen L, Emma M, Bea C, and Lana F. These women have seen me at my worst and my best, and I love them for it. I know there are many more women in my life, and you are all special, trust me. I would like to acknowledge all my friends past, present, and future. Thanks for being in my life. iii I would like to acknowledge my editors Suzanne Gallant and Andreas Krebs for all their wonderful advice in putting my dissertation together and for helping me make it beautiful, mikwec! I would like to acknowledge my PhD committee. Special thanks to Dr. Bonnie Janzen who was my supervisor and mentor over the years. She had this undying faith in me and she gave me the drive I needed to never ever give up. I would like to acknowledge Dr. Lori Hanson, Dr. Sylvia Abonyi and Dr. Ann Leis for all their amazing support as they walked with me through my educational journey. I will forever be grateful to my committee, mikwec. And to my External Reviewer, Dr. J. Gary Knowles who just made my heart sing mikwec. Dr. Knowles made my Defense experience one that I will not be forgetting anytime soon. I would also like to acknowledge Dr. Colleen Dell because without her knowledge and support, I would have not gained such strong research skills and abilities. She also gave me the strength to be a good researcher, and I gained confidence because she was always there for me. Really, I had the best possible PhD committee, Editor(s) and External Reviewer that any woman could ever ask for and I will forever be grateful, mikwec. I know there are many others in the academic world I might have forgotten, but you know who you are, and I thank you. Mikwec! iv Dedication This PhD is dedicated to my parents Joe and Olive Acoose. Every day I have walked on Mother Earth I have missed you in my heart and soul. You gave me life, and for that I am grateful. I will share this with you in spirit. You are my ceremony; you are my dreams, hopes, and aspirations to always strive for excellence. Mikwec! v They Stole (my) Our Thunder It was dark; Their hands were cold and calloused. Their smell and taste would be most heinous; My child spirit would run and hide. They Stole my Thunder. Years of abuse, pain, and misery, Alcohol, drugs and men, It was all I had to comfort my body, mind, and soul. Years in prison and life on the street took hold, they Stole my Thunder. It was dark; Death was near and looming; The years have taken its toll but my inner strength would persevere, I would surrender and I would rise from the ashes! I would find my Thunder! The dark would turn to light, I would learn to live and love again; My child spirit would be reborn better and stronger than ever before. Yes, they may have Stolen my Thunder, but I would find it! Our (my) successful reintegration would be fierce, The Creator is with me! Hiy! Hiy! by Sharon Leslie Acoose January 18, 2012 vi Table of Contents PERMISSION TO USE I ABSTRACT II ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS III DEDICATION V THEY STOLE (MY) OUR THUNDER VI TABLE OF CONTENTS VII LIST OF IMAGES XI PART ONE 1 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 2 1.1) RESEARCH GOALS AND APPROACH 5 1.2) OVERVIEW OF CHAPTERS 6 CHAPTER 2:
Load more

Recommended publications
  • I'm Special I I'm Special
    !^W.'UJtf"-V^j! _j my I'm Special i I'm special. In all the world there's nobody like me. Since the beginning of time, there has never been another person like me. Nobody has my smile. Nobody has my eyes, my nose, my hair, my voice. I'm special. No one can be found who has my handwriting. Nobody anywhere has my tastes - for food or music or art. no one sees things just as I do. In all of time there's been no one who laughs like me, no one who cries like me. And what makes me laugh and cry will never provoke identical laughter and tears from anybody else, ever. No one reacts to any situation just as I would react. I'm special. I'm the only one in all of creation who has my set of abilities. Oh, there will always be somebody who is better at one of the things I'm good at, but no one in the universe can reach the quality of my com­ bination of talents, ideas, abilities and feelings. Like a room full of musical instruments, some may excel alone, but none can match the symphony of sound when all are played together. I'm a symphony. Through all of eternity no one will ever look, talk, walk, think or do like me. I'm special. I'm rare. And in rarity there is great value. Because of my great rare value, I need not attempt to imitate others. I willl accept - yes, celebrate - my differences.
    [Show full text]
  • April 19, 1991 Hansard
    LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF SASKATCHEWAN April 19, 1991 The Assembly met at 10 a.m. in a place called Fork River for many years. As a matter of fact my uncle, Henry Solomon, still has the farm north of Fork River. Prayers ROUTINE PROCEEDINGS So I join with my colleagues, and I certainly would ask you to say hello to the MLA (Member of the Legislative Assembly) for READING AND RECEIVING PETITIONS Dauphin, Mr. John Plohman, who’s also a friend of mine. Welcome to the legislature. Welcome to Saskatchewan. I hope Clerk: — According to order, I have reviewed the petition you enjoy your stay in the city of Regina. Thank you, Mr. presented by the member for The Battlefords yesterday and find Speaker. it to be irregular pursuant to rules 11(7) and (6). Therefore it cannot be read and received. Hon. Members: Hear, hear! INTRODUCTION OF GUESTS Hon. Mr. Lane: — Thank you, Mr. Speaker. It’s with a great deal of pleasure that I introduce through you to the Assembly Hon. Mr. Martin: — Mr. Speaker, it is my pleasure to introduce some 22 grade 8 students from Lumsden High School, in the to you, and through you to all the members in the House here beautiful community of Lumsden. Mr. Speaker, they’re here today, in your gallery, Mr. Speaker, we have 14 pupils from visiting, watching the proceedings, question period, and I will Balfour Collegiate’s English as a second language program. Mr. meet with them a little later this morning for questions, answers, Speaker, these young people, these young adults are representing and refreshments.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Regina Archives and Special Collections Dr
    UNIVERSITY OF REGINA ARCHIVES AND SPECIAL COLLECTIONS DR JOHN ARCHER LIBRARY 90-1 MAGGIE SIGGINS DECEMBER 2013 BY JOOHEE SON WITH ASSISTANCE BY MICHELLE OLSON AND ELIZABETH SEITZ 90-1 MAGGIE SIGGINS 2 / 15 Biographical Sketch: Maggie Siggins was born on May 28, 1942 in Toronto and attended Ryerson Polytechnical University from 1962 to 1965 earning a Bachelor degree in Applied Arts. She is an author who has worked as a magazine writer, political columnist and television reporter and film producer. From 1965 to 1970 she was a general reporter with the Toronto Telegram. She was a freelance writer with Chatelaine from 1970-71 in Toronto. At City-TV, also in Toronto, she worked as an on-air political reporter/commentator. She worked with CBC Toronto as a reporter/interviewer/producer from 1975 until 1977. From 1979 to 1981 she was with CityPulse News in Toronto as a producer. From 1981 to 1983 (still in Toronto), she produced freelance work for Toronto Life, Reader’s Digest, Financial Post, Today Magazine, MacLean’s and others. While in China, in 1985-86 she worked at the New China News Agency. She has taught Journalism while a Max Bell Professor in Journalism at the University of Regina in 1983-84 and Professor of Graduate Studies at the Beijing Broadcast Institute during her 1985-86 visit to China. Siggins has written twelve books including: A Guide to Skiing in Eastern North America, 1969; How to Catch a Man co-authored with Ben Wicks, 1970; Bassett: his Forty Years in Politics, Publishing, Business and Sports, 1979; Brian and the Boys: a Story of Gang Rape, 1984; A Canadian Tragedy JoAnn and Colin Thatcher: a Story of Love and Hate, 1985; Revenge of the Land: a Century of Greed, Tragedy and Murder on a Saskatchewan Farm, 1991; Louis Riel: a Life of Revolution, 1994; In her Own Time: a Class Reunion Inspires a Cultural History of Women, 1999; Bitter Embrace: White Society's Assault on the Woodland Cree, 2005 and Marie-Anne: The Extraordinary Life of Louis Riel’s Grandmother.
    [Show full text]
  • 74259 City Heritage Book
    Regina Walking Tours Lakeview 2700 TOUR A: LAKEVIEW SOUTH Start: 1. Saskatchewan Legislative Building and Grounds, 2405 Legislative Drive Finish: 42. Robinson Residence, 2636 - 20th Avenue Length: 1.8 kilometres Time: 2 hours TOUR B: LAKEVIEW NORTH Start: 43. Rutley Residence, 2878 Angus Street 2800 Finish: 85. Alport Residence, 2876 Albert Street Length: 2.1 kilometres Time: 2 hours B A 2900 3000 3100 Legend N Property of Heritage Value Property on Municipal Heritage Holding Bylaw 3200 Municipal Heritage Property Provincial Heritage Property National Heritage Property 2900 2800 2700 2600 2500 2400 2300 114 Regina Walking Tours Lakeview Lakeview Area The Lakeview Area is historically defined as the area bordered by Montague Street (west) and Albert Street (east), and Regina Avenue (north) and 25th Avenue (south). The land, located outside the city boundary, was purchased by McCallum Hill & Co. in 1904. Lot values dramatically increased when the province purchased an adjacent parcel for the Legislative Building in 1906. It was subdivided that same year and annexed by the City of Regina in 1911 to become Regina's finest residential district. Walter Hill, Edgar McCallum and other prominent land developers constructed substantial homes in this neighbourhood. Initial sales were brisk and further enhanced in 1912 when a municipal streetcar line was built on Albert Street, running south to 25th Avenue and then on to the Wascana Country Club. Although it was largely developed by the onset of the Great Depression, another three decades would pass before the neighbourhood was essentially completed. The development over time was relatively slow and scattered. Some of the homes constructed in the interwar period were as imposing as those built a decade earlier.
    [Show full text]
  • 1St Session 20Th Legislature
    JOURNA LS of the LEGISLATIVE ASS EMBLY Province of Saskatchewan June 17, 1982 to July 16, 1982; August 20, 1982; November 22, 1982 to December 17, 1982; February 22, 1983 to March 9, 1983 In the Thirty-first Year of the Reign of Our Sovereign Lady Queen Elizabeth II FIRST SESSION OF THE TWENTIETH LEGISLATURE Session 1982-83 REGINA: Printed by Order of the Legislative Assembly VOLUME LXXXIX MEETING OF THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY CAMERON IRWIN MCINTOSH, Lieutenant Governor, (L.S.) CANADA PROVINCE OF SASKATCHEWAN ELIZABETH THE SECOND, by the Grace of God of the United Kingdom, Canada and Her other Realms and Territories QUEEN, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith. To all to whom these Presents shall come, GREETING: A PROCLAMATION DR. R. GOSSE TO OUR FAITHFUL THE MEMBERS ELECTED Deputy TO SERVE IN THE Legislative Assembly of Our Attorney General Province of Saskatchewan, and to every one of you, GREETING: WHEREAS, it is expedient for causes and con­ siderations to convene the Legislative Assembly of Our Province of Saskatchewan, WE DO WILL that you and each of you and all others in this behalf interested on THURSDAY, the SEVENTEENTH day of June, 1982 at Our City of Regina, personally be and appear for the DESPATCH OF BUSINESS, there to tal<e into consideration the state and welfare of Our said Province of Saskatchewan thereby to do as may seem necessary, HEREIN FAIL NOT. IN TESTIMONY WHEREOF we have caused Our Letters to be made Patent, and the Great Seal of Our said Province of Saskatchewan to be hereunto affixed.
    [Show full text]
  • Molly in the Agriculture Hall of Fame
    Molly in the agriculture hall of fame By RIC SWIHART stops on the street to discuss "busi­ of The Herald ness." Lethbridge's Molly Coupland has In fact one friend used to say "she won many awards for distinquished knows everybody from here to hell," service to Southern Albertans, but although she prefers to think of more when she received the letter inform­ on the heaven side. ing of her pending induction to the When it came time to move from the Alberta Agriculture Hall of Fame, she farm 23 years ago, Vancouver was her couldn't believe it. first choice. But tonight, at a galla banquet in Calgary, she and three other distin­ "I knew about 150 people out there," quished Albertans will join a growing she said. "But you know, there are list of who's who in agriculture in the only two left. And some say that if I province. had moved out there, I would have Coupland, who claims to be "49 and been gone by now too." holding" has a list of local awards By staying in Lethbridge, she has from various organization that would managed to accumulate about 60 be the envy of most, including last years of service to farm and commu­ year's Volunteer of the Year award nity organizations. from the Lethbridge YWCA. After joining the UFA, she held 35 It was that award that prompted positions from local president and Joyce Templeton and Katharine Rus­ secretary to director of women in the sell to start the nomination wheels in region, provincial vice-president and motion that would put Coupland in the convenor.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Regina Archives and Special Collections The
    UNIVERSITY OF REGINA ARCHIVES AND SPECIAL COLLECTIONS THE DR JOHN ARCHER LIBRARY 87-46 MAGGIE SIGGINS DECEMBER 17, 1987 87-46 Maggie Siggins preliminary 2/8 This collection contains research materials and writings of Maggie Siggins for the book: A Canadian Tragedy, JoAnne and Colin Thatcher: A Story of Love and Hate (Toronto: McMillan of Canada, 1985). The collection contains: drafts; biographical and extensive other research materials; a complete record of court transcripts, affidavits, judgments, etc. from both custody and divorce proceedings and from the murder trial in 1984; and numerous taped interviews with key individuals. The research files give insights into the personal Thatcher drama as well as into politics in Saskatchewan from about 1950 to 1984. Maggie Siggins was appointed to the Max Bell Chair of Journalism at the School of Journalism and Communications for the academic year 1984-84. Prior to this she held a variety of posts in the Toronto area. * Note on Arrangement: New file order and file titles generated. Original order not deemed usable. 87-46 Maggie Siggins preliminary 3/8 TABLE OF CONTENTS BOOK AND RESEARCH FILES DRAFTS AND OUTLINES BIOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH FILES HEARING AND TRIAL PROCEEDINGS CUSTODY AND DIVORCE PROCEEDINGS MURDER TRIAL/HEARINGS OTHER BOOKS BY MAGGIE SIGGINS PHOTOGRAPHS SOUND RECORDINGS 87-46 Maggie Siggins preliminary 4/8 BOOK AND RESEARCH FILES DRAFTS AND OUTLINES Box 1 1. Book Review, 1985 2. Chapters 1 - 4 3. Chapters 5 - 10 4. Chapters 11 - 14 5. Chapters 15 - 18 6. Chapters 19 - 22 7. Outline 8. Publisher, 1984 9. Table of Contents, Epilogues, etc.
    [Show full text]
  • Saskatchewan Membership of the Legislatures
    SASKATCHEWAN MEMBERSHIP OF THE LEGISLATURES Members returned at the General Election held on December 13, 1905* to serve in the First Legislature (Dissolved July 20, 1908) * Except in the northern and eastern portions of Kinistino, where date of polling was January 3, 1906. PRINCE ALBERT – On April 2, 1907, by order of the Legislative Assembly, 151 votes recorded for Peter David Tyerman were set aside and Samuel James Donaldson was declared duly elected. Electoral Division Member Party Batoche ................................................................ William M. Grant Lib Battleford.............................................................. Albert Champagne Lib Cannington........................................................... John Duncan Stewart Lib Grenfell................................................................. Andrew William Argue PR Humboldt.............................................................. David Bradley Neely Lib Kinistino................................................................ Thomas Sanderson Lib Lumsden............................................................... Walter Scott Lib Maple Creek ......................................................... David James Wylie PR Moose Jaw ........................................................... John Albert Sheppard Lib Moose Jaw City .................................................... John Henry Wellington PR Moosomin............................................................. Daniel David Ellis PR North Qu’Appelle .................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Comox District Free Press: Births, Marriages, Deaths 1971 to 1975
    Comox District Free Press: Births, Marriages, Deaths 1971 to 1975 NAME Givens Event DateEvent PlaceEvent Age Spouse Date Pg Info/Kin ABBS Joseph Martin Death 2-Sep-1972 St Joseph's age 81 Sigrun 6-Sep-1972 10 Born in Yorkshire, England; Service at Piercy's; interment Courtenay Hospital, Thorsteinson Cemetery; Comox ABEL (boy) Birth 15-Sep-1973 Comox 19-Sep-1973 9 Son of Mr. and Mrs. Garry Abel of Courtenay ABEL Faye Edith Marr 24-Jul-1971 Courtenay, St. Leslie 18-Aug-1971 B2 Dtr/o Mr. and Mrs. Gus Abel of Courtenay George's Frederick Beech ABOLIT (girl) Birth 13-Mar-1971 Comox 17-Mar-1971 3 Dtr/o Mr. and Mrs. Ivan Abolit of Courtenay ABRAHAM Birdie Maud Death 5-Jul-1974 Comox age 91 Oliver 24-Jul-1974 15 Born in Tuscola County, Michigan, nee Davis, husband dec'd, mother of Abraham Claude, Rowland, Leslie, Harry, John, Morley, Olive, May, All and Dorothy, services in Dauphin, Manitoba and Piercy FH ABRAHAMS (boy) Birth 29-Sep-1973 Comox 3-Oct-1973 7 Son of Mr. and Mrs. James Abrahams of Courtenay ABRAHAMS (boy) Birth 6-Nov-1974 Comox 13-Nov-1974 3 Son of Mr. and Mrs. Zane Abrahams of Errington ACKROYD (boy) Birth 21-Jun-1972 Comox 28-Jun-1972 7 S/o Mr. and Mrs. John Ackroyd, Campbell River ACORN (girl) Birth 5-Dec-1972 Cumberland 6-Dec-1972 6 D/o Mr. and Mrs. Henry Acorn, Courtenay ACORN Donald Brent Marr 16-Nov-1974 St. John's Catherine 5-Feb-1975 B11 Son of Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • Saskatchewan Ministers
    SASKATCHEWAN MINISTERS Name From To _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Presidents of the Executive Council Hon. Walter Scott ........................................................................................ Sept. 12, 1905 Oct. 20, 1916 Hon. James Alexander Calder .................................................................... Oct. 20, 1916 Oct. 20, 1917 Hon. William Melville Martin ........................................................................ Oct. 20, 1917 Apr. 5, 1922 Hon. Charles Avery Dunning ....................................................................... Apr. 5, 1922 Feb. 26, 1926 Hon. James Garfield Gardiner ..................................................................... Feb. 26, 1926 Sept. 9, 1929 Hon. James Thomas Milton Anderson ........................................................ Sept. 9, 1929 July 19, 1934 Hon. James Garfield Gardiner ..................................................................... July 19, 1934 Nov. 1, 1935 Hon. William John Patterson ....................................................................... Nov. 1, 1935 July 10, 1944 Hon. Thomas Clement Douglas .................................................................. July 10, 1944 Nov. 7, 1961 Hon. Woodrow Stanley Lloyd ...................................................................... Nov. 7, 1961 May 22, 1964 Hon. Wilbert Ross Thatcher ........................................................................ May 22, 1964 June 30, 1971 Hon. Allan
    [Show full text]
  • Martin 15 Tha Entmpransws: Tha Story 01 Gsndlr Inc
    5EATMRES 6 Ths AppmnGeashlp 01 Paul Guarrlnglon. One 01 Canada’s ‘10 best young writers’ seeks 10 make the ordinary seem exlraordlnary. By Barbara Wads Bose 7 Ths Top Tsn. A new list introdwxs lhe best writers 01 Lbe ‘posl+dwwd generalion.’ bul not everyone is likely lo agree 11 Thhd ImpressIons. The Gnal bwk in Gertrude Story’s trilogy is incomprohenslbte wkboul having read the llrst two. By Gary Fwn 20 CrGlcal N01Icos. Brie1 reviews of recent Gclion. non-flction. and poetry 25 Fsychsd Gut. Two books about the human mind lndicdle lhat science Is best left lo lbe scll)ntlsls. By Keith Malllard REVIEWS 12 Mr. Spalktr: Ths Man In tha llddls. by James Jermne 12 85: G&?l Cmudlan Stmlsr and Coming Allractlonr 3. ediled by David Helwig and Sandra Martin 15 Tha Entmpransws: Tha Story 01 Gsndlr Inc.. by Albs” 0. Cohen: Thn Money Ruslbrs: Sall-Mads Mllllonalns 01 the New Was,, by Paul Grescoe and Oavld Cruiss: Pansy Makers: Ths Secrets of Canada’s Most Succastlul Enlnpronaurs. by Ksnneth Barnes and Evorstt Banning 16 The Gsgansrstors: Social CrGiclrm In Ma Vlclorian English Canada. by Ramsay Cook 16 Ths Glass Air: Sslsclud Poams. by P.K. Page 17 Tha Sslsctsd Jmwnalr of L.M. Monlaomw. Volums I: lGE9-1910. edited by Mary Rubio and Elizabeth Waters1011 19 ThP Pundlr. b” Llovd Ta,aryn L&w land. by Sasthia Bra&: The Walls 01 India. by George Wwdmck 1. by Palrlcla Pkrce I~ hu George Faludy: Gab 1 and Gab 2. by Bnberl Zend is 01 Allm Grossman.
    [Show full text]
  • Economics, Ideology, and Elections
    ECONOMICS, IDEOLOGY, AND ELECTIONS: The Political Economy of Saskatchewan Oil Royalties in the 1980s and 1990s Erin M. K. Weir University of Regina Undergraduate PEF Essay Contest Submission Due on March 1, 2002 Introduction: Historical Overview and Thesis During the first quarter of the twentieth century, the glimmer of golden wheatfields attracted thousands of settlers to Saskatchewan. The province grew rapidly from its inception in 1905 until 1914, when the outbreak of World War I stemmed the tide of immigration. The volatility of grain prices during and after the war wreaked havoc on Saskatchewan’s economy and gave rise to political protest movements based on the belief that prairie farmers were being exploited by eastern institutions. Despite this turmoil, Saskatchewan entered the second quarter of the century with a population approaching one million, temporarily making it the third largest Canadian province. The combination of general economic depression, collapsing commodity prices, and severe drought during the 1930s hit Saskatchewan harder than any other province, and fueled a second wave of political radicalism that produced the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF), which won power provincially in 1944. During the third quarter of the century, North America’s post-World War II industrial growth did not give rise to a significant manufacturing sector in Saskatchewan. Instead, the provincial economy was oriented towards the production of raw materials that were sold as inputs to industry located elsewhere. During the 1950s and 1960s, both the socialist CCF and the free enterprise Liberal Party supported this transition as a means of diversifying Saskatchewan’s economy and reducing its dependence on agriculture.
    [Show full text]