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National Recovery Plan for the Macquarie Perch (Macquaria Australasica)

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National Recovery Plan for the Macquarie Perch (Macquaria Australasica) National Recovery Plan for the Macquarie Perch (Macquaria australasica) May 2018 Prepared by: Department of the Environment and Energy Made under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 © Copyright Commonwealth of Australia, 2018. The National Recovery Plan for Macquarie Perch (Macquaria australasica) is licensed by the Commonwealth of Australia for use under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence with the exception of the Coat of Arms of the Commonwealth of Australia, the logo of the agency responsible for publishing the report, content supplied by third parties, and any images depicting people. For licence conditions see: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This report should be attributed as the ‘National Recovery Plan for Macquarie Perch (Macquaria australasica), Commonwealth of Australia 2018’. The Species Profile and Threats Database pages linked to this recovery plan is obtainable from: http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/sprat.pl The Commonwealth of Australia has made all reasonable efforts to identify content supplied by third parties using the following format ‘© Copyright, [name of third party] ’. Images credits Cover page: Cover page: Macquarie perch (Macquaria australasica) Luke Pearce, New South Wales Department of Primary Industries Disclaimer While reasonable efforts have been made to ensure that the contents of this publication are factually correct, the Commonwealth does not accept responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of the contents, and shall not be liable for any loss or damage that may be occasioned directly or indirectly through the use of, or reliance on, the contents of this publication. General Acknowledgements The Department of the Environment and Energy is grateful to the organisations and individuals who contributed to or provided information for the preparation of this recovery plan and were or are still involved in implementing conservation and management actions that benefit Macquarie perch. In particular, the Department acknowledges the considerable input of the New South Wales Department of Primary Industries who provided much of the information contained within this recovery plan. Additionally, the Department acknowledges the effort provided by researchers and conservation experts, including academics, Non-Government Organisations, Australian Government and State Government staff, and members of the public, who contributed to and provided advice on the recovery plan’s preparation. Particularly, this extends to the participants of the workshop held to discuss and review the recovery plan and actions required. Acknowledgement of Traditional Owners and Country The Australian Government acknowledges Australia’s Traditional Owners and pays respect to Elders past and present. We acknowledge the deep spiritual, cultural and customary connections of Traditional Owners to the Australian land and sea country, including the Macquarie perch. 2 Contents Figures & Tables ..........................................................................................................................5 1 Summary ...........................................................................................................................6 Macquarie perch (Macquaria australasica) ................................................................................6 2 Introduction .....................................................................................................................10 3 Species Information .......................................................................................................11 3.1 Names ................................................................................................................................11 3.2 Conservation status ...........................................................................................................11 3.3 Stock structure ...................................................................................................................11 3.4 Description .........................................................................................................................12 4 Biology and Ecology ......................................................................................................14 4.1 Age and growth ..................................................................................................................14 4.2 Habitat ................................................................................................................................14 4.3 Reproductive biology ..........................................................................................................16 4.4 Behaviour ...........................................................................................................................17 4.5 Diet .....................................................................................................................................18 5 Distribution and Populations .........................................................................................20 5.1 Historical distribution ..........................................................................................................21 5.2 Present natural distribution.................................................................................................21 5.3 Translocated populations ...................................................................................................23 5.4 Stocked populations ...........................................................................................................25 6 Decline and Threats ........................................................................................................27 6.1 Decline ...............................................................................................................................27 6.2 Threats ...............................................................................................................................34 6.2.1 Habitat degradation .....................................................................................................34 6.2.2 Introduced fish species ................................................................................................37 6.2.3 Barriers to fish movement ............................................................................................39 6.2.4 Altered flow and thermal regimes ................................................................................41 6.2.5 Disease and parasites .................................................................................................43 6.2.6 Illegal/Incidental capture ..............................................................................................45 6.2.7 Chemical water pollution .............................................................................................46 6.2.8 Climate change ............................................................................................................47 7 Current Management Practices .....................................................................................48 8 Recovery Objectives and Strategies .............................................................................49 8.1 Recovery plan objective .....................................................................................................49 8.2 Recovery plan strategies ....................................................................................................49 National Recovery Plan for the Macquarie Perch (Macquaria australasica) 3 9 Actions to Achieve the Objective ..................................................................................50 Strategy 1 – Conserve existing Macquarie perch populations (including historically translocated populations in Cataract Reservoir and the Mongarlowe and Yarra rivers) ..........51 Strategy 2 – Protect and restore Macquarie perch habitat .......................................................52 Strategy 3 – Understand and address threats to Macquarie perch populations and habitats ..53 Strategy 4 – Establish additional Macquarie perch populations within the species’ natural range. .......................................................................................................................................54 Strategy 5 – Improve understanding of the biology and ecology of the Macquarie perch, and its distribution and abundance .................................................................................................55 Strategy 6 – Increase participation by community groups in Macquarie perch conservation ...56 10 Duration and Cost of the Recovery Process ................................................................57 11 Effects on other Native Species and Biodiversity Benefits ........................................59 12 Social, Economic and Cultural considerations ...........................................................59 13 Affected Interests............................................................................................................60 14 Consultation ....................................................................................................................61 15 References ......................................................................................................................63 National Recovery Plan for the Macquarie Perch (Macquaria australasica) 4 Figures & Tables Figure
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