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Music Braille Code 1997 MUSIC BRAILLE CODE 1997 Developed Under the Sponsorship of the BRAILLE AUTHORITY OF NORTH AMERICA BANA MEMBERS American Council of the Blind (ACB) American Foundation for the Blind (AFB) American Printing House for the Blind (APH) Associated Service for the Blind (ASB) Association for Education and Rehabilitation of the Blind and Visually Impaired (AER) California Transcribers and Educators of the Visually Handicapped (CTEVH) The Canadian National Institute for the Blind (CNIB) The Clovernook Center: Opportunities for the Blind (CCOB) National Braille Association, Inc. (NBA) National Braille Press Inc. (NBP) National Federation of the Blind (NFB) National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped, Library of Congress (NLS/BPH) Royal New Zealand Foundation for the Blind (RNZFB), Associate Member Copyright © 1997 by the Braille Authority of North America This material may be duplicated but not altered. Printed by the American Printing House for the Blind. Copies may be purchased from: American Printing House for the Blind P.O. Box 6085 Louisville, KY 40206-0085 Phone: 502-895-2405 FAX: 502-899-2274 E-mail: [email protected] Catalog Number: 7-09651-00 Multimedia CD-ROM Edition Opus Technologies 13333 Thunderhead Street San Diego, CA 92129-2329 Phone/FAX: 858-538-9401 E-mail: [email protected] iii CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS............................................................................................... vi FOREWORD .................................................................................................................... vii FOREWORD TO THE MANUAL OF BRAILLE MUSIC NOTATION, AMERICAN EDITION, 1988............................................................................. viii SUMMARY OF RULE CHANGES....................................................................................x TABLES OF SIGNS............................................................................................................1 General Table...............................................................................................................1 Table 1. Notes and Note-Values .............................................................................5 Table 2. Octave Signs.............................................................................................6 Table 3. Clef Signs..................................................................................................7 Table 4. Rests..........................................................................................................8 Table 5. Accidentals and Key Signatures ...............................................................9 Table 6. Specimen Time or Meter Signatures ........................................................9 Table 7. Irregular Note-Grouping.........................................................................10 Table 8. Intervals..................................................................................................11 Table 9. The Tie....................................................................................................12 Table 10. In-Accord and Measure-Division Signs .................................................12 Table 11. Stem Signs..............................................................................................12 Table 12. The Slur..................................................................................................13 Table 13. Note-Repetition and Tremolo .................................................................15 Table 14. Fingering.................................................................................................16 Table 15. Ornaments...............................................................................................17 Table 16. Repeats....................................................................................................20 Table 17. Variants...................................................................................................21 Table 18. Nuances...................................................................................................22 Table 19. Music for Wind Instruments and Percussion..........................................25 Table 20. Keyboard Music......................................................................................26 Table 21. Organ......................................................................................................27 Table 22. Vocal Music............................................................................................28 Table 23. Music for String Instruments..................................................................29 Table 24. Chord Symbols for Short-Form Scoring.................................................33 Table 25. Music for the Accordion.........................................................................35 Table 26. Abbreviations for Orchestral Instruments ..............................................37 Table 27. Figured Bass...........................................................................................39 BASIC SIGNS: 1. Notes and Note-Values ...........................................................................41 2. Octave Signs and Rules ..........................................................................45 The 8va.................................................................................................46 iv 3. Clef Signs................................................................................................49 Modified Clef Signs.............................................................................49 4. Rests........................................................................................................51 5. Accidentals and Key Signatures .............................................................53 6. Meter Indications and “Time” Devices ..................................................57 7. The Grouping of Notes ...........................................................................61 Irregular Note-Grouping......................................................................66 8. Intervals..................................................................................................69 Tone Clusters.......................................................................................73 Doubling of Intervals ...........................................................................74 The Moving-Note Sign ........................................................................76 9. The Tie....................................................................................................79 10. In-Accord and Measure Division Signs..................................................85 11. Stem Signs..............................................................................................89 12. The Slur..................................................................................................91 13. Note-Repetition and Tremolo .................................................................99 14. Fingering...............................................................................................101 15. Ornaments.............................................................................................103 16. Repeats..................................................................................................105 Part-Measure Repeats........................................................................105 Measure Repeats................................................................................115 Partial Abbreviation...........................................................................120 The Segno..........................................................................................124 The Braille Use of Da Capo...............................................................126 Repeats with Measure Numbers ........................................................127 Print Repeats......................................................................................128 Sequence Abbreviation......................................................................129 Parallel Movement.............................................................................131 17. Variants.................................................................................................135 Variants in Print Type........................................................................135 Variant Readings................................................................................137 18. Nuances.................................................................................................141 INSTRUMENTAL AND VOCAL MUSIC: 19. General Format Procedures ..................................................................149 Title Pages..........................................................................................149 Pagination..........................................................................................149 Metronome Markings........................................................................150 Footnotes............................................................................................151 20. Keyboard Music....................................................................................153 Hand Signs.........................................................................................153 The Sustaining Pedal .........................................................................158 Pedalling and
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