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Extreme Miniaturization of a New Amniote Vertebrate and Insights Into the Evolution of Genital Size in Chameleons
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Extreme miniaturization of a new amniote vertebrate and insights into the evolution of genital size in chameleons Frank Glaw1*, Jörn Köhler2, Oliver Hawlitschek3, Fanomezana M. Ratsoavina4, Andolalao Rakotoarison4, Mark D. Scherz5 & Miguel Vences6 Evolutionary reduction of adult body size (miniaturization) has profound consequences for organismal biology and is an important subject of evolutionary research. Based on two individuals we describe a new, extremely miniaturized chameleon, which may be the world’s smallest reptile species. The male holotype of Brookesia nana sp. nov. has a snout–vent length of 13.5 mm (total length 21.6 mm) and has large, apparently fully developed hemipenes, making it apparently the smallest mature male amniote ever recorded. The female paratype measures 19.2 mm snout–vent length (total length 28.9 mm) and a micro-CT scan revealed developing eggs in the body cavity, likewise indicating sexual maturity. The new chameleon is only known from a degraded montane rainforest in northern Madagascar and might be threatened by extinction. Molecular phylogenetic analyses place it as sister to B. karchei, the largest species in the clade of miniaturized Brookesia species, for which we resurrect Evoluticauda Angel, 1942 as subgenus name. The genetic divergence of B. nana sp. nov. is rather strong (9.9‒14.9% to all other Evoluticauda species in the 16S rRNA gene). A comparative study of genital length in Malagasy chameleons revealed a tendency for the smallest chameleons to have the relatively largest hemipenes, which might be a consequence of a reversed sexual size dimorphism with males substantially smaller than females in the smallest species. -
Bird Species in Delhi-“Birdwatching” Tourism
Conference Proceedings: 2 nd International Scientific Conference ITEMA 2018 BIRD SPECIES IN DELHI-“BIRDWATCHING” TOURISM Zeba Zarin Ansari 63 Ajay Kumar 64 Anton Vorina 65 https://doi.org/10.31410/itema.2018.161 Abstract : A great poet William Wordsworth once wrote in his poem “The world is too much with us” that we do not have time to relax in woods and to see birds chirping on trees. According to him we are becoming more materialistic and forgetting the real beauty of nature. Birds are counted one of beauties of nature and indeed they are smile giver to human being. When we get tired or bored of something we seek relax to a tranquil place to overcome the tiredness. Different birds come every morning to make our day fresh. But due to drainage system, over population, cutting down of trees and many other disturbances in the metro city like Delhi, lots of species of birds are disappearing rapidly. Thus a conservation and management system need to be required to stop migration and disappearance of birds. With the government initiative and with the help of concerned NGOs and other departments we need to settle to the construction of skyscrapers. As we know bird watching tourism is increasing rapidly in the market, to make this tourism as the fastest outdoor activity in Delhi, the place will have to focus on the conservation and protection of the wetlands and forests, management of groundwater table to make a healthy ecosystem, peaceful habitats and pollution-free environment for birds. Delhi will also have to concentrate on what birdwatchers require, including their safety, infrastructure, accessibility, quality of birdlife and proper guides. -
Delhi “We Don’T See Why There Is to Solve the Strike”
- <$( )#*= ! *#*= = !"#$% ,-'(,). /012 .%,%.,/ 0.1(*2 .13 () 1 * N&/ &6 6O 40 $( ;64 // ' 0 $&/' 45&/ 5- 0 7&( 5 7&7 40 ' ( $'/$OB '64 /( '$/ 5/$ / -'$ $4$ 6 /$ ' -&/ ' /(' -& /6 '& 4&' &4' 7 /; 0 >5 - "+ ?9 ,, 99 > ! 4 ) ! * ! /3 343/5 % /3 6 R (Centre) tell us whether you are 6 ! going to hold on these laws or 7 we will do this”. ) R Attorney General KK Venugopal told the Bench, also * ! R comprising Justices AS * Bopanna and V $ 40 45&/ these laws in abeyance for Ramasubramanian, that a law ! !" # $ some time. cannot be stayed unless the ** +89: O " he Supreme Court on “We are still thinking it is court finds it violates funda- ! ! # TMonday asked the Centre equally important that we stay mental rights or constitution- to put on hold the three con- the implementation of law al schemes. ) P troversial farm laws or the without staying the laws,” the “A law cannot be stayed by $ !"# & court itself will do so on the Bench said. the Supreme Court unless the ** ' recommendation of a court- On December 17, the SC Lordships find that it violates ) * - ; ( appointed committee which is had asked the Centre to con- the fundamental rights or con- / * to be constituted. Now all eyes sider putting on hold the stitutional schemes. Law has to ( ( will be on the court’s Tuesday implementation of the three be without the power to legis- / !! ) order in the matter. laws. late, only then it can be stayed. ** ( $ * Criticising the Disagreeing with the No petitioners have raised any ** ! Government’s handling of the Centre’s contention that court such issues,” Venugopal said. -
Letters to the Editor
174 Indian BIRDS VOL. 12 NO. 6 (PUBL. 31 MARCH 2017) URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261391764. [Accessed on 01 Shobrak, M., 2012. Electrocution and collision of birds with power lines in Saudi September 2016.] Arabia. Zoology in the Middle East 57: 45–52. Lehman, R. N., 2001. Raptor electrocution on power lines: current issues and outlook, Sundar, K. S. G., & Choudhury, B. C., 2005. Mortality of Sarus Cranes (Grus antigone) Wildlife Society Bulletin 29 (3): 804–813. due to electricity wires in Uttar Pradesh, India. Environmental Conservation 32 Loss, S. R., Will, T., & Marra, P. P., 2014. Refining estimates of bird collision and (3): 260–269. electrocution mortality at power lines in the United States. PLoS ONE 9 (7): Tere, A., & Parasharya, B. M., 2011. Flamingo mortality due to collision with high e101565. URL: doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0101565. [Accessed on 01 September tension electric wires in Gujarat, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 3 (11): 2016.] 2192–2201. Manville, A. M., 2005. Bird strikes and electrocutions at power lines, communication Van Rooyen, C., & Diamond, M., 2008. Wildlife—power line interaction towers and wind turbines: state of the art and state of the science—next steps management. INDWA (Journal of the South African Crane Working Group). toward mitigation. USDA Forest Service Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-191. 6 (2): 411–423. Letters to the Editor A second Mugimaki Flycatcher Ficedula mugimaki from the Andaman & Nicobar Islands, India I wish to report a sighting of the Mugimaki Flycatcher Ficedula mugimaki at Barefoot, Havelock Resort (12.00ºN, 92.95ºE), Radhanagar Beach, which situated at the western side of Havelock Island, Andaman & Nicobar Islands. -
Objections to Haryana Government Decision to Amend the Plpa Act: a Citizen Response
OBJECTIONS TO HARYANA GOVERNMENT DECISION TO AMEND THE PLPA ACT: A CITIZEN RESPONSE Background The Haryana government on February 27, 2019 passed the controversial Punjab Land Preservation Act (PLPA) Amendment Bill despite immense protests raised by citizens and environmental groups. The issue was covered by all the mainstream media, with respect to the assumed pressure of the realtors/builders and mining lobby on the state Government and its potential ramifications on the environmentally sensitive Aravalli zone. The Honable Supreme Court too came down heavily on the same, calling the Haryana Government actions as "obnoxious and contemptuous." The bench in fact, reprimanded the state council and warned the state Government of contempt proceedings for its temerity to violate a previous order of the Apex Court. In its defence, the Government put forward the argument that many of the urban estates of Haryana Urban Development Authority and Municipal Authorities colonized areas would face continued uncertainty on account of the PLPA notifications. This concern was clearly in the wake of the Honable Supreme Court direction to demolish Kant Enclave which was illegally constructed in violation of PLPA. As per the Court order, the first lot of 13 structures were demolished on April 1, 2019, and the balance structures were slated to be demolished on July 1, 2019. As per the court order, not only is a sum of Rs 5 crores for the rehabilitation of the Aravalis’ to be paid but also an amount of Rs 50 lakh to offset construction costs was to be paid to each owner. Kant & Co (Developer) would have to refund the cost of land with 18% interest besides also sharing 50% of the penalty levied by the Court. -
Disengagement Agreement in Eastern Ladakh
Disengagement Agreement in Eastern Ladakh Why in news? Chinese and Indian troops on the southern and northern shores of Pangong Tso began “synchronized and organized disengagement.” What is the significance? The move comes as the first major breakthrough in talks to resolve the nine- month military standoff along the Line of Actual Control (LAC) in Ladakh. The disengagement began in line with the consensus reached at the 9th round of China-India Corps Commander Level Meeting. The agreement is a promising start towards restoring peace in the border areas. What is the new disengagement plan in eastern Ladakh? Troops from both sides have started disengaging from the Pangong Tso area in eastern Ladakh. As of now, the disengagement process seems restricted to the north and south banks of Pangong Tso. The process has started with the pulling back of certain columns of tanks from the south bank region by both sides. At the moment, there is no pullback of troops from the friction points and the heights they are positioned on. That will happen in a phased and verified manner. The ground commanders have started meeting, to figure out the nitty-gritty of the process. What does this disengagement process entail? Both sides will remove the forward deployment in a phased, coordinated and verified manner. China will pull its troops on the north bank towards the east of Finger 8. Similarly, India will also position its forces at its permanent base at the Dhan Singh Thapa post near Finger 3. Similar action will be taken by both the parties in the south bank area as well. -
Last Post Indian War Memorials Around the World
Last Post Indian War Memorials Around the World Introduction • 1 Rana Chhina Last Post Indian War Memorials Around the World i Capt Suresh Sharma Last Post Indian War Memorials Around the World Rana T.S. Chhina Centre for Armed Forces Historical Research United Service Institution of India 2014 First published 2014 © United Service Institution of India All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without prior permission of the author / publisher. ISBN 978-81-902097-9-3 Centre for Armed Forces Historical Research United Service Institution of India Rao Tula Ram Marg, Post Bag No. 8, Vasant Vihar PO New Delhi 110057, India. email: [email protected] www.usiofindia.org Printed by Aegean Offset Printers, Gr. Noida, India. Capt Suresh Sharma Contents Foreword ix Introduction 1 Section I The Two World Wars 15 Memorials around the World 47 Section II The Wars since Independence 129 Memorials in India 161 Acknowledgements 206 Appendix A Indian War Dead WW-I & II: Details by CWGC Memorial 208 Appendix B CWGC Commitment Summary by Country 230 The Gift of India Is there ought you need that my hands hold? Rich gifts of raiment or grain or gold? Lo! I have flung to the East and the West Priceless treasures torn from my breast, and yielded the sons of my stricken womb to the drum-beats of duty, the sabers of doom. Gathered like pearls in their alien graves Silent they sleep by the Persian waves, scattered like shells on Egyptian sands, they lie with pale brows and brave, broken hands, strewn like blossoms mowed down by chance on the blood-brown meadows of Flanders and France. -
समाचार पत्र से चियत अंश Newspapers Clippings
Jan 2021 समाचार पत्र से चियत अंश Newspapers Clippings A Daily service to keep DRDO Fraternity abreast with DRDO Technologies, Defence Technologies, Defence Policies, International Relations and Science & Technology खंड : 46 अंक : 08 12 जनवरी 2021 Vol. : 46 Issue : 08 12 January 2021 रक्षा िवज्ञान पुतकालय Defence Science Library रक्षा वैरक्षाज्ञािनक िवज्ञान सूचना एवपुतकालयं प्रलेखन क द्र Defence ScientificDefence Information Science & Documentation Library Centre मेरक्षाटकॉफ वैज्ञािनक हाउस ,स िदलीूचना एव - ं 110प्रलेखन 054 क द्र Defence ScientificMetcalfe Information House, Delhi & ‐ Documentation110 054 Centre मेटकॉफ हाउस, िदली - 110 054 Metcalfe House, Delhi‐ 110 054 CONTENTS S. No. TITLE Page No. DRDO News 1-7 DRDO Technology News 1-7 1. Indian Army soft-pedals light tank of DRDO-L&T for China border 1 2. DRDO offers new heating devices to Indian Army soldiers deployed in eastern 2 ladakh 3. India’s DRDO delivers landing gear systems for Tapas and SWiFT UAVs 3 4. DRDO hands over 18 types of filters for P-75 submarines to Indian Navy 4 5. Indian Air Marshal explains why India needs to urgently & aggressively invest in 5 unmanned technology Defence News 8-19 Defence Strategic National/International 8-19 6. Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh Inaugurates Webinar on Atal Tunnel; Says 8 spirit of national pride is of paramount importance for building such great structures 7. 9 रा मंी ी राजनाथ सहं ने अटल सुरंग पर वेबनार का उघाटन करते हुए कहा क ऐसी महान संरचनाओं के नमाण के लए राय गौरव क भावना सबसे अधक महवपूण है 8. -
Art and Culture
www.gradeup.co Art and Culture Rare inscription unearthed in Andhra Pradesh's Kadapa district Why in the news? • Recently a rare inscription dating back to the Renati Chola era has been unearthed in a remote village of Kadapa district of Andhra Pradesh. About Renati Chola era • The Telugu Cholas of Renadu (also called as Renati Cholas) ruled over Renadu region, the present day Cuddapah district. • They were originally independent, later forced to the suzerainty of the Eastern Chalukyas. • They had the unique honour of using the Telugu language in their inscriptions belonging to the 6th and 8th centuries. • The inscriptions at Gandikota at Jammulamadugu and Proddatur are proof of this fact. • The earliest of this family was Nandivarman (500 AD) who claimed descent from the family of Karikala and the Kasyapa gotra. Related Information Project Digital Poompuhar • The Department of Science and Technology (DST) has launched ‘Project Digital Poompuhar’ to recreate the Chola Dynasty port city (Poompuhar) in Tamil Nadu. • The reconstruction of Poompuhar is a part of DST’s Indian Digital Heritage (IDH) project. • The project involves underwater surveys and photography by remotely operated vehicles and remote sensing-based geodynamic studies to bring out comprehensive information on the time series evolution and extinction. • The study is also expected to provide scientific information not only on the life history of Poompuhar and the socio-cultural evolution but also the science and technological evolution and the disaster history. About Poompuhar Port • It has been mentioned in works of Sangam Tamil literature which refers to the city located 30 km from the existing Poompuhar town in southern Tamil Nadu. -
An Appraisal of Sacred Groves of Aravalli Hills in Haryana Sub-Region, NCR
International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN: 2319-7064 Index Copernicus Value (2016): 79.57 | Impact Factor (2017): 7.296 Role of Community in Grove Management An Appraisal of Sacred Groves of Aravalli Hills in Haryana Sub-Region, NCR Ajay Sudharsan L1, Srinidhi Hariharan2, Shivendu Kumar3, Ritik Roushan4, Kumud Dhanwantri5 1, 2, 3, 4Students of B.Planning, Amity School of Architecture and Planning, Amity University Haryana, Gurugram (Manesar)-122 413, India 5Asst. Professor & Project Co-ordinator, Amity School of Architecture and Planning, Amity University Haryana, Gurugram (Manesar)-122 413, India Abstract: Sacred groves are the forests which are protected under traditional practices by any ethnic group with special cultural or religious significance. While the sacred groves of the western ghats, the Himalayas and the North east, have been studied widely, the groves in the northern and central India are relatively unknown. This study is pertained to the sacred groves present in the ranges of Aravalli hills, in the Mangar village of Faridabad district, in the Ferozpur Jhirka village of Mewat district, in the Manesar village, Gurugram district of Haryana, India. The study attempts to assess the hypothesis that the higher the role of community in the grove management, the better the management of groves and More number of indigenous species in grove leads to better delivery of ecosystem services. Keywords: community, conservation, sacred groves, deterioration 1. Introduction 2. Methodology Sacred groves’ are small patches of native vegetation traditionally protected and managed by local communities. In other words, sacred groves are the refuge of certain plant species preserved on religious grounds which can satisfy the aesthetic, scientific, cultural, and recreational needs of mankind (Bhakat, 1990). -
To, Date: 31 August 2021 the Chairman, Haryana State Pollution Control Board, C-11, Sector 6, Panchkula
To, Date: 31 August 2021 The Chairman, Haryana State Pollution Control Board, C-11, Sector 6, Panchkula Subject: Objections of the Aravalli Bachao Citizens Group against the proposed waste to energy plant, its further expansion at Bandhwari landfill site, Gurugram and the public hearing on 31 August 2021 being conducted in violation of the EIA Notification 2006. WHY PUBLIC HEARING NEEDS TO BE DECLARED NULL & VOID AND A NEW PUBLIC HEARING NEEDS TO BE CALLED FOR AFTER A MONTH? Aravalli Bachao Citizens Group representing thousands of citizens from Gurugram, Faridabad, Delhi, other NCR cities and across India objects to the public hearing that is being held on 31st August 2021 in violation of the rules of the EIA Notification 2006. The attached Public Hearing Notice issued by the Haryana State Pollution Control Board (HSPCB), Panchkula clearly states that the Executive Summary of the project and the EIA study will be available on the HSPCB website ( hspcb.gov.in ) and the offices of the Deputy Commissioner of Gurugram, Municipal Corporation Gurugram, Zila Parishad Gurugram and Regional office of the Haryana State Pollution Control Board in Vikash Sadan, Gurugram. According to Appendix 4 of the EIA Notification 2006, copy of the EIA report needs to be made available to the public 30 days prior to the date of the Public Hearing so that sufficient time is given to citizens to study the document and give their views. The EIA Notification also states that the Executive Summary of the EIA report needs to be translated in local language and be made available to the public 30 days prior to the date of the Public Hearing. -
Proposal for Mangar Bani Forest Demarcation
Proposal for Mangar Bani forest demarcation Bagish K Jha | TNN | Feb 4, 2016 GURGAON: City-based environmentalists have welcomed the forest department's move to suggest the state government to demarcate 1943 acres of land in the Aravali hills, located along Gurgaon- Faridabad Road, as Mangar Bani forest. They hope the move is the first in a series of decisions, to protect the Aravalis in Haryana. Environmentalist Chetan Agrawal, who has been fighting for the protection of Mangar Bani for years, hailed the forest department's move, saying it gives a clear message that environment and forests are also important along with development. "Mangar Bani is very important for Gurgaon and the entire NCR. It now seems that the state government, too, has understood the importance of this eco-sensitive area in the Aravalis," said Agrawal. "Mangar Bani, along with the Aravalis, plays an important role in the recharge of groundwater. Protection of this area is also important for conservation of water," he added. Agrawal said the Mangar Bani forest area was actually a panchayat land. By all dubious means, these lands were transferred in the names of private people. "This caused the entire problem. People started purchasing this land for constructing farmhouses and other purpose," he said. Welcoming the move, Vivek Kamboj of Haryali, a city-based NGO, said amid the dark cloud of destruction of forests and the environment, the move has come as a silver lining for conservation. "This is just a beginning and we hope the government build on this to protect our forest," he said.