ARCH 1160 THE WORLD OF MUSEUMS: LOGISTICS, LAWS AND LOANS Wednesday 2:00-4:20pm Morag Kersel [email protected] Rhode Island Hall, Room 210 Office Hours 2:30-4:30 Tuesdays or by appointment

Description: This course will examine critically the collection of ancient objects. From functional, historical, material and aesthetic perspectives, the relationships between the cultural contexts of objects and museums will be examined. Case studies, guest lectures and site visits (virtual and real) will be used to demonstrate evolving theory, practice, law and ethical implications of collecting archaeological objects. This seminar explores many of the logistical aspects of the museum including the laws and mission statements, which guide its practice. The legal and ethical features of museums will also be examined. This is not a lecture-based course – emphasis is on class participation and presentations.

Course Objectives: At the end of the course, the student should be able to: • Demonstrate an understanding of the history and organization of museums • Understand the historical, but changing roles of objects for museums • Debate ethical issues pertaining to museums • Discuss critically, in written and verbal form, current issues in the philosophy of museums, museum missions, representation of the past, interpretation of cultural objects, and the role of museums in society • Evaluate critically a museum exhibition • Locate the core museum studies literature, principal museum organizations, and museum reference sources, including on-line resources • Conduct original research on a topic related to museum law, logistics and loans and present that research in a poster or exhibit panel • Work collaboratively with others in team based learning and problem solving

1 Text • There is no textbook for this class, but various articles as assigned. All of the assigned readings are available on the wiki. There are also a number of books on reserve at the Rock and the class password is MuseumsRock.

Course Format and Evaluation Classes will be a mixture of lectures, guest lecturers, field trips, films, discussion, debates, and student presentations. This course requires active and consistent participation through steady reading, writing, and involvement. Students are expected to attend class, read the articles as assigned, participate in field trips, and to discuss the course content.

Site Visits and Guest Speakers • It is the student’s responsibility to arrange transportation to the museums and arrive on time. • For class meetings held in museums only pencil may be used due to conservation concerns. • Please prepare for guests and site visits by exploring the museum’s website and generate questions for the guest speaker.

Grades are based on the following: Assignment Description Due Date % Of grade Class participation Attendance, class contributions. Ongoing 20% Participation in the Great Debate and Ripped from the Headlines will be factored into this grade. Night at the Museum Movie review and questions Sept. 16 10% Virtual Museum Visit Online Museum visit Sept. 23 5% Museum Visit Real Museum visit worksheet ? 5% Research Project The proposal should be a 300-500 Oct. 21 10% proposal and annotated word sketch of the project with an bibliography annotated bibliography which should have no less than 10 sources cited and annotated, providing the background reading for the final paper. Note that sources must be a mix of books, articles and websites (limited to 3 from the web). Research Project 10 double-spaced pages (excluding Nov. 25 30% the bibliography) using at least 10 references properly cited. Poster Prepare a poster based on your Dec. 2 10% paper topic Poster Presentations 5-10 minute presentation on the Dec. 2 and 10% final paper/poster topic Dec. 9

2 Seminar Participation The ability to participate in seminar discussions is an essential skill. Seminars will take a variety of forms including short presentations, debates, question and answer sessions with guest speakers, field trip, and open discussion.

Emergency-related absences must be communicated to me via e-mail or phone BEFORE THE CLASS MEETS!

Unavoidable Realities If you cannot complete an assignment on time for any reason, you are responsible for contacting me as soon as possible. Exercises that are turned in late will be penalized for each day they're late if you do not negotiate an extension with me beforehand. You are responsible for knowing all due dates on the syllabus.

The final syllabus posted at the beginning of the term will include deadlines for all assignments: it is your responsibility to know when assignments are due. There will be no extra credit material. If you do not complete course work by term's end you will receive no credit for unfinished work.

The course will require students to develop and demonstrate core communication and quantitative skills; critical thinking; integration of knowledge; intellectual depth, breadth, and adaptability; understanding of society and culture; and ability to make informed value and ethical judgments.

Students will be expected to conform to academic honesty codes of conduct. Cheating includes dishonesty of any kind with respect to exams or assignments. Plagiarism is the offering of someone else’s work as your own: this includes taking un-cited material from books, web pages, or other students, turning in the same or substantially similar work as other students, or failing to properly cite other research. Please consult with me if you have any questions.

DATE TOPICS READINGS FIELD TRIP/ASSIGNMENT/ GUEST SPEAKER WEEK INTRODUCTION No readings assigned, in class we will watch We Assignment: Night at the 1 The Wacky World of Love Museums, Do they Love us Back, with Pinky Museum movie review Sept. 9 Museums and Kim. Nuts and Bolts http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gaFbmuE What the class is all about UdwI and what is expected. WEEK LOGISTICS: WHAT IS A E.G. Burcaw, (1995). Museum Defined. In DUE: Night at the 2 MUSEUM? Introduction to Museum Work, pp. 3-13. Museum movie review Sept. Night at the Museum P. Gerstenblith, (2006). Museum Practice: Legal 16 discussion Issues. In A Companion to Museum Studies, S. Assignment: Virtual A brief history of museums Macdonald editor, pp. 442-456. Museum visit review Museum missions and H. Gurian (2006). Choosing Among the mission statements, legal, Options (pp. 48-56, chapter 5). Civilizing the historical, and Museum. Routledge. organizational contexts Hein, H.S. (2000). Introduction: From Object to Experience. The Museum in Transition. A Philosophical Perspective. Smithsonian Press. Mission Statements and Websites of ICOM (International Council of Museums) AAM (American Association of Museums)

3 AAMD (American Association of Museum Directors) WEEK LOGISTICS: MUSEUM J. Appleton (2007). Museums for ‘The People’? DUE: Virtual Museum 3 COMMUNITIES In Museums and Their Communities, S. Watson visit review Sept. Virtual museum editor, pp. 114-126. 23 discussion J. Clifford (1997). Museum as Contact Zones. The publics? In Representing the Nation: A Reader. Histories, The professionals? heritage and museums, D. Boswell and J. Evans, The excluded? editor, pp. 435-457. S. Watson (2007). Introduction: Museums and CASE STUDY: their Communities. In Museums and Their The Royal Ontario Communities, S. Watson, editor, pp. 1-23. Museum S. Weil (2002). The Museum and the Public. In Museums and Their Communities, S. Watson, editor, Rock Library Visit pp. 32-46. What is an annotated CASE STUDY READINGS bibliography? J. Gatehouse (2005). Cashbox. Maclean’s, March How to research an essay. 28, 26-36. How to write and cite an H. Riegel (1996). Into the Heart of Irony: essay. Ethnographic Exhibitions and the Politics of Possible paper topics Difference. The Sociological Review 1996:83-104. E. Schildkrout (1991). Ambiguous Museums and Ironic Tourists: Into the Heart of Africa and the Other Museum.” Museum Anthropology 15(2): 16-23. G. York (2008) Chinese Antiquities at the ROM Under Renewed Scrutiny. The Globe and Mail January 19, 2008 WEEK MUSEUM VISIT – THE Museum visit worksheet 4 JOHN BROWN HOUSE Meet at 52 Power Street Sept. MUSEUM 30 WEEK LAWS AND LOANS: N. Brodie (2006). US Art Museum Accessions. 5 ACQUISITIONS Culture Without Context, Issue 18. Oct. 7 J. Cuno (2007). Art Museums, Archaeology and Case Study: Antiquities in an Age of Sectarian Violence and The Hot Pot Nationalist Politics. In The Acquisition and Exhibition of Classical Antiquities, edited by R. Rhodes, pp. 9-26. and response by Charles Rosenberg. P. Gerstenblith (2007). The Acquisition and Exhibition of Classical Antiquities. In The Acquisition and Exhibition of Classical Antiquities, edited by R. Rhodes, pp. 47-63. And response M. S. Gold (2005) Death By Ethics. Museum News November/December. R. Mead (2007). Den of antiquity (Metropolitan Museum of Art’s Antiquities Department), The New Yorker (April 9th, 2007) 83: 52-61. C. Renfrew (2006). Museum Acquisition: Responsibilities for the Illicit Traffic in Antiquities. In Archaeology, Cultural Heritage and the Antiquities Trade, edited by N. Brodie, M.M. Kersel, C. Luke and K.W. Tubb, pp. 245-257. AAMD New Report on Acquisition of Archaeological Materials and Ancient Art, June 2008, http://www.aamd.org/newsroom/

4 Philadelphia Declaration T. Hoving (2001). The Hot Pot, ArtNet Magazine, July 2, 2001. WEEK MUSEUM VISIT RISD WITH Museum visit worksheet 6 CURATOR PROF. GINA Oct. 14 BORROMEO WEEK LAW AND LOANS: N. Brodie (2009). Unwanted Pieces. Museum Sides assigned for the 7 NATIONALISM International Vol. 61 No.1-2: 97-100. Great Debate Oct. 21 The Universal Museum, J. Cuno (2006). View from the Universal partage and loans Museum. In Imperialism, Art and Restitution, J.H. DUE: Paper proposal and Merryman, editor, pp. 15-33. Annotated Bibliography Guest Speaker – Dr. Susan P.G. Ferri (2009) New Types of Cooperation Keitumetse, Watson Between Museums and Countries of Origin. Institute for International Museum International Vol. 61 No.1-2: 91-94. Studies F.S. Kaplan (2006). Making and Remaking National Identities. In A Companion to Museum Studies, S. Macdonald editor, pp. 152-169. B. Magness-Gardiner (2003) Long-Term Archaeological Loans from Italy: Summary of Roundtable Discussions. American Journal of Archaeology, Vol. 107(3): 477-481 CASE STUDY READINGS S.O. Keitumetse, G. Matlapeng and L. Monamo (2007) Cultural Landscapes, Communities and World Heritage: In Pursuit of the Local in the Tsodilo Hills, Botswana. In Envisioning Landscape: situations and standpoints in archaeology and heritage. D. Hicks, L. McAtackney and G. Fairclough, editors, pp. 101-119. S.O. Keitumetse (2009) Sustainable Development and Cultural Heritage Management in Botswana: Towards Sustainable Communities. Sustainable Development WEEK LAWS: REPATRIATION T. Besterman (2009) Returning a Stolen The Great Debate: Greece 8 Part I: Museums Generation. Museum International Vol. 61 No. vs. The UK Oct. 28 The Great Debate – 102: 107-111. Parthenon Marbles M. Simpson (2009). Museums and Restorative Part II: Human Remains Justice: Heritage, Repatriation and Cultural Kennewick Man and Education. Museum International Vol. 61 No. 102: NAGPRA 121-129. CASE STUDY READINGS Y. Hamilakis (1999). Stories from Exile. Fragments from the Cultural Biography of the Parthenon (or “Elgin”) Marbles. World Archaeology 31(2): 303-320. C. Hitchens (2009). The Lovely Stones. Vanity Fair, July. J. Lobell (2009) A New Home for the Treasures of the Acropolis. Archaeology, September/October Vol 62 (5): D. Rudenstine (2000). Did Elgin Cheat at Marbles? The Nation May 29, 2000: 43-51. A. Snodgrass (2004). The Parthenon Marbles as an archaeological issue. In Material Engagements: Studies in honour of Colin Renfrew, edited by N. Brodie and C. Hills, pp. 115-124. W. G. Stewart (2001). The Marbles: Elgin or

5 Parthenon? IAL Annual Lecture, December 2000. Art, Antiquity and Law 6(1): 37-56. B. Trigger (1984). Alternative archaeologies: nationalist, colonialist, imperialist. Man, New Series 19(3): 355-370. D. Anderson (1996). Reburial: Is It Reasonable? In Archaeological Ethics, edited by K. Vitelli, pp. 200-208. G. A. Clark (1998). NAGPRA, the Conflict between Science and Religion, and the Political Consequences, SAA Bulletin 16(5): 23-25. J. Watkins (1998). Native Americans, Western Science, and NAGPRA. SAA Bulletin 16(5): 23- 25. A response to Clark. L. Zimmerman (1998). When Data Become People: Archaeological Ethics, Reburial, and the Past as Public Heritage. International Journal of Cultural Property 7(1): 69-86. http://www.kennewick-man.com/ http://www.cr.nps.gov/aad/kennewick/ WEEK Guest Lecturer – Dr. Kevin http://www.brown.edu/Facilities/Haffenreffer 9 Smith, Deputy /index.php Nov. 4 Director/Chief Curator of the Haffenreffer Museum WEEK LOGISTICS: NON- C. Kreps (2006). Non-Western Models of http://www.youtube.com/w 10 TRADITIONAL MUSEUMS Museums and Curation in Cross-cultural atch?v=3wzyRepJuvM&featu Nov. Perspective. In A Companion to Museum Studies, S. re=channel 11 Case Studies Macdonald editor, pp. 457-472. Jordan Y. Rowan (2004) Repackaging the Pilgrimage: Mali Visiting the Holy Land In Orlando. In Marketing Mini-Israel Heritage: Archaeology and the Consumption of the Past, Y. Rowan and U. Baram, editors, pp. 249-266. R. Rydell (2006). Worlds Fairs and Museums. In A Companion to Museum Studies, S. Macdonald editor, pp. 135-151. CASE STUDY READINGS G. Bisheh (2001). One Damn Illicit Excavation After Another: The Destruction of the Archaeological Heritage of Jordan. In Trade in Illicit Antiquities: the destruction of the world’s archaeological heritage, Brodie et al. editors, pp. 115-118. T. Deubel, (2006). Banking on Culture: Microcredit as Incentive for Cultural Conservation in Mali. In The Perils and Prospects of Microfinance: Globalization, Neo-liberalism and the Cultural Politics of Empowerment, Jude Fernando, editor, pp. 133-153. K. Politis (2002). Dealing with the Dealers and Tomb Robbers: The realities of the archaeology of the Ghor es-Safi in Jordan. In Illicit Antiquities, Brodie and Tubb, editors, pp. 257- 267. WEEK Guest Lecturer – Dr. 11 Michelle Berenfeld, Nov. Joukowsky Institute for 18 Archaeology & the Ancient

6 World WEEK HAPPY THANKSGIVING HAPPY THANKSGVING DUE: Final paper (email 12 papers to me at Nov. [email protected]) 25 WEEK Final Paper/Poster DUE: Poster assignment 13 presentations Dec. 2 WEEK Final Paper/Poster 14 presentations Dec. 9

7 ASSIGNMENT #1 WATCH “NIGHT AT THE MUSEUM” (THE ORIGINAL) ARCH 1160 The World of Museums: Logistics, Laws and Loans DUE September 16, 2009 Writing and discussion assignment

“Night at the Museum is a 2006 American adventure comedy film based on the 1993 children's book with the same name by Milan Trenc. It follows a divorced father trying to settle down, impress his son, and find his destiny. He applies for a job as a night watchman at New York City's American Museum of Natural History and subsequently discovers that the exhibits, animated by a magical Egyptian artifact, come to life at night.” (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Night_at_the_Museum)

The movie is available from Netflicks, libraries, and local video rental stores. We will use the film for class discussion about perceptions about the value of museums, stereotypes of museum professionals, and other themes. Keep in mind the YouTube video by Mimi and Kim (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gaFbmuEUdwI) and the issues that are raised in that video when answering the questions.

Night at the Museum Discussion Questions 1. What are some of the very obvious stereotypes about museums in the film? 2. What staff members are evident in the film, and what is their role in the Museum? 3. What inaccuracies do you notice (examples: things in the wrong time or place)? 4. Where are issues of gender and race evident in the film? 5. Though it changes by the end, what is the nature of this museum in its relationship to community? 6. People seem to have fantasies about staying overnight in a museum (think Lisa Simpson and others as well as this film). Why? 7. What other observations would you make about the film? 8. Does this film help or harm museums? Why?

Be prepared to discuss these questions in class and have a 2-3-page essay addressing the questions. DUE September 16, 2009

8 ASSIGNMENT #2 THE VIRTUAL MUSEUM VISIT ARCH 1160 The World of Museums: Logistics, Laws and Loans

1. Choose a museum and visit virtually. Make sure that the museum you choose has a mission statement (either posted on their website or available if you contact the museum director). Explore their activities, programs, collections, and displays to see how they meet their mission.

2. Choose a museum (online) that meets each of the following criteria. You will be asked to explain your rationale with supporting evidence from the class readings and the museum wesbite. - A museum you think provides the greatest benefit to its community - A museum you think should not exist - A museum you find inspiring - A museum you find bizarre - A museum in which you would most like to work.

9 RESEARCH PROJECT GUIDELINES ARCH 1160 The World of Museums: Logistics, Laws and Loans

Overview During the semester each of you will work independently on a research project. The theme will relate to the readings, issues, guest speakers, and case studies we have explored in class. The individual project will delve deeply into a particular issue related to a specific museum or institution. The project will involve reading primary and secondary sources that are relevant to your topic.

Objectives • To building your research skills in research, writing and oral presentation • To broaden your knowledge in the field of museum studies • To develop your skills in analyzing and interpreting museum practices, particularly from the legal, logistical and loan aspects of their missions.

Assignment • Write an analysis of a case in which a museum or other cultural institution has dealt with a controversial situation regarding logistics, loans or law (acquisitions, deaccessioning, politics of display, repatriation, unethical boards etc.) Analyze the ways in the museum dealt with this controversy. Your article should put the case in the context of issues discussed in this course, including museum ethics. For example, the Brooklyn Museum announced in the summer of 2008 that it has purchased many items of Coptic art that have now been determined to be fakes, but has decided to exhibit these forgeries. Other museums have wrestled with whether or not they should repatriate items to indigenous peoples to whom NAGPRA does not apply. • This paper will require some research for articles about museum cases. You may use the articles included in the reading, but you need to use at least two additional sources. Please feel free to get in contact with me regarding topics or areas of research. I have a whole list of topics surrounding museums and controversies. • In addition to writing a 10-page research paper, you will be asked to present your research as a poster in class.

Milestones • September 23 – ROCK library visit with Dr. Norine Duncan about library resources • October 21 – project proposal and annotated bibliography • November 25 – final paper DUE – email to me at [email protected] and drop off a copy in my box in Rhode Island Hall • December 2 and 9 – Poster presentations

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