Engineering and Works Services Standards and Specifications

Section 9(f) Landscape Environmental Weeds

Urban - Industrial – Commercial - Rural

The in the attached lists are considered invasive garden plants or potential weeds for the surrounding bush environment within the South West Region and particularly identified within the City of Busselton.

This list has been compiled by the Department of Environment and Conservation and reflects the community values in trying to prevent the loss of natural bush through the introduction of species that can have a detrimental effect on environmental values.

For public lands managed by the City of Busselton or is proposed to be managed by the City of Busselton this document provides a guideline into the plant species that shall not be included or accepted as planting within all Public Open Spaces (POS) including foreshore reserves, drainage corridors, playing fields, recreational reserves, conservation land, landscape buffers, road reserves and/or lands that may adjoin or are within proximity to City bush reserves.

South West plant species are preferred in any development proposal within the City of Busselton to provide a more sustainable environment. (See Section 9(e) Landscape Plant Species).

Revision No Date Section(s) Prepared Reviewed Amended A December 2010 All Engineering and Infrastructure Works Services Development B June 2013 All Engineering & Infrastructure Works Services Development

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Document Set ID: 2178820 Version: 2, Version Date: 25/11/2020 List of invasive garden plants / potential weeds in Southwest W.A. bushland Common name Invasion extent Weed Status Life Form Recommended Control Optimum Time Acanthus Acanthus mollis Clumping and spreading Hand pull plants. herbaceous perennial Do not dump garden refuse in bushland areas. African Boxthorn Lycium Foreshores, Pest Plant Hedge plant to 3m, prickly, Remove manually or cut to the basal February to May ferocissimum roadsides and fleshy with pale mauve and paint with Access/Diesel reserves and red berries. between February and May. Foliar spray regrowth 1:10g glyphosate & pulse. African Cornflag Chasmanthe Road verges Minor weed Herbaceous plant to 1.5m, 100g of 2,2-DPA plus 25ml wetting During flowering floribunda spikes of orange flowers, agent in 10L water. Winter clumps similar to Watsonia. Glyphosate – 100ml, plus 25ml wetting agent in 10L water. Or use a sponge glove with 1L glyphosate plus 2L water for sensitive areas. African Daisy Gazanias / Coastal dunes, Minor weed Groundcovering, low mat Remove small populations by hand. All year Dimorphothecas / roadsides forming daisies from South Spot spray or wipe with glyphosate. Arctotis spp. Africa. African Tulip Spathodea Garden escapee Small with orange/red Cut stump method, treat with 100% All year Tree campanulata flowers. glyphosate. Agapanthus Agapanthus spp Garden Clumping plant with mauve Dig out, taking care to remove all All year escapee, found flowers. bulbs. In the meantime, remove heads on roadsides, as soon as flowered and burn them. reserves Do not dump garden refuse in bushland areas. Agave Agave americana Garden Cacti like plant, succulent, Hand pull. Do not dump garden refuse All year escapee, clumping and spreading. in bushland areas. roadsides, reserves Ajuga Ajuga reptans Garden Creeping groundcovering plant, Hand pull. Do not dump garden refuse All year escapee, often sometimes grown in hanging in bushland areas. found dumped baskets. in reserves and spreading Alstroemeria Alstroemeria aurea Garden escapee Small cottage garden plant, Hand pull. Do not dump garden refuse All year herbaceous perennial. in bushland areas. Alternanthera or Alternanthera Garden plant Small rockery groundcovering Hand pull. Do not dump garden refuse All year Alligator weed philoxeroides used in plant, sometimes grown in in bushland areas.

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Document Set ID: 2178820 Version: 2, Version Date: 25/11/2020 rockeries – hanging baskets garden escapee Angophora or Angophora costata Garden escapee Tall tree Hand pull. Do not dump garden refuse All year Red Gum in bushland areas. Aquilegia or Aquilegia vulgaris Garden escapee Small cottage plant, often Hand pull. Do not dump garden refuse All year European grown for cut flowers, in bushland areas. columbine herbaceous perennial/annual – readily Arum Lily Zantedeschia Road verges, Declared Plant Clumping plant with tubers, Glean - 0.4g/15L water plus Pulse. Jun to Oct aethiopica creeklines, river (P1, P4) large white flowers with yellow Spray plants till just wet in late winter foreshores, centres. before the flowers start to wither. peppermint Repeat bi-annually. Sensitive areas a woodlands blanket wiper may be used. Asparagus Fern Asparagus Woodlands, Clumping fern that rapidly 1% glyphosate in water plus wetting April/June – scandens roadsides spreads under and over agent. November/ vegetation. December Azolla Azolla filiculoides Ponds, dams, Minor weed Small branched floating plant Scoop off surface of water and place in All year creeklines with tiny fronds 1-2mm long, black plastic bags and lay in sunlight to forming extensive mats on kill off. water. Sometimes turning red in intense sunlight. Baboon Babiana spp. Woodlands and Potential Forms clumps of flowering Remove small populations by hand. Flowering time wetlands serious weed stems 15-40cm. Apply Glyphosate 1:100, or apply Ally / Spring Flowers white, lilac, pinkish Brushoff / Glean. purple, violet. Babys Tears Soleirolia soleirolii Damp areas Minor weed Low growing, spreading Remove by scraping up by hand. All year groundcovering plant with Use Glyphosate 1:100. round leaves. Bamboo Arundo donax Roadsides, Nuisance Bamboo like reed to 6m tall with Cut stump to ground level, and when Summer creeklines, weed large fluffy flower. regrowth is 0.5 – 1m high, wet foliage wetlands Serious weed with Glyphosate – 100ml in 10L water plus wetting agent (1 percent). Repeat if necessary. Basil Ocimum spp. Roadsides Minor weed Aromatic , small upright Pull out by hand. Do not dump garden All year plants with white or pale mauve refuse in bushland areas. flowers. Bird of Paradise Caesalpinia gilliesii Woodlands, Minor weed Large /small tree with fern Cut stump and paint with Blackberry All year bushland like foliage and yellow flowers and Tree killer or Glyphosate. with red . Black Alnus glutinosa Garden escapee Small tree Cut stump and paint with Glyphosate All year neat.

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Document Set ID: 2178820 Version: 2, Version Date: 25/11/2020 Blackberry Rubus fruiticosus Road verges Declared Plant Perennial woody rambler, which Brushoff®: 10 gms / 100 litres with a During flowering agg. (P1, P2, P4) spreads readily by underground wetting agent 1:400. or early stages rhizomes and by seeds. Berries of fruiting are spread by birds along Dec to Mar roadside, river and stream corridors. Dormant over winter. Active growth in spring and summer with summer flowering and autumn . Black Eyed Thunbergia species Garden Climbers, scramblers Hand pull. Do not dump garden All year Susans escapees prunings in bushland. Blue Heliotrope Heliotropium Garden Annual, or herbaceous Hand pull if seen to be spreading, do All year amplexicaule escapee, perennial with deep blue not dump garden refuse in bushland dumping in flowers. areas. roadsides and reserves Blue Periwinkle Vinca major Road verges Priority 1 Perennial climber. Flowers in Use 1:50 glyphosate plus Pulse in Several Significant winter and spring. water. applications, 3 Environmental months apart Weed Blue Psoralea pinnata Road verges, Tall upright shrub with blue pea Hand pull. Do not dump garden refuse All year edges of flowers. in bushland areas. bushland Box Elder Acer negundo Small tree Cut stump and treat with 100% All Year glyphosate. Brome Cytisus spp. Roadsides, Priority 1 Upright shrub to 2m with Hand-pull young seedlings and small All year bushland Significant drooping branches. Spreads plants. Environmental along tracks. Bright yellow pea Cut older plants at or just below Weed flowers in early Spring, which ground level. No further treatment is Potential to develop into pods that shed in necessary for young plants (3-4 yrs), become a early summer. Plants flower in older plants may also need to be major weed their second season. stump painted using Glyphosate® or Roundup® (Biactive® in wetland areas) at a rate of 1 part to 2-15 parts water. Broom Genista spp. Roadsides, Priority 1 Upright to 2m with Hand-pull young seedlings. All year Spartium junceum bushland Significant drooping branches, and bright Cut older plants at or just below Environmental yellow flowers in spring which ground level. No further treatment is Weed develop into pods that shed in necessary for young plants (3-4 yrs), early summer. Plants flower in older plants may also need to be their second season. stump painted using Roundup

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Document Set ID: 2178820 Version: 2, Version Date: 25/11/2020 Biactive® 1 part to 2 parts water or use Glyphosate 1:15. Buckthorn Rhamnus alaternus Bushland Potential Small tree to 5m, shiny leaves Cut stump and paint with 100% All year serious weed with red fruits. Glyphosate. Butterfly Bush Buddleia spp. Bushland Minor weed Straggly shrubs with white, Remove small shrubs, cut stumps and All year yellow, pink, blue or purple paint with 100% Glyphosate. flowers. Camphor Laurel Cinnamomum Garden escapee Tall tree with white flowers. Cut stump and treat with 100% All year or Fiddlewood camphora glyphosate. Canary Grass Phalaris spp. Floodways Priority 3 Tufted perennial grass. Spray plants using Fusilade® at All year Minor weed Flowers in spring & summer. 500ml/ha. Avoid dumping garden refuse in bushland areas. Cannas Canna spp. Roadsides, Priority 3 Large herbaceous plant with Dig up small infestations. Spring to (hybrid) bushland yellow, orange or red flowers. Autumn Cape Physalis minima Swamps, Priority 3 Hairy shrub with gooseberries. Pull out small populations by hand. Spring/Summer Gooseberries wetlands Cape Lilac Melia azedarach Woodlands, Minor weed Tall deciduous tree to 15m with Cut stump and paint with Glyphosate All year bushland leaflets, fragrant lilac flowers in or Blackberry and Tree Killer. spring, hard yellow berries. Cape Tulip, Moraea spp. Road verges, Declared Plant Small clumping plants to 25cm Small infestations in sandy soil can be Before flowering One-/Two- woodlands, (P1, P3, P4) high, yellow or orange flowers. manually removed by cutting with and seeding leaf granite rocks, a knife or trowel and pull out before Late Winter to limestone areas flowering. Spring Hand spray till just wet in June to September each year with 0.2g of chlorsulfuron/metsulfuron, or 100ml glyphosate in 10L water plus Pulse. In sensitive areas, use blanket wiper. Castor Oil Plant Ricinus communis Roadsides, Priority 1 Spreading shrub to 4m. Has Remove small populations by hand. All year bushland Significant separate male and female For larger plants use the cut stump Environmental flowers. Colonises disturbed method with Glyphosate. For large Weed sites. populations spot spray with Glyphosate 1 in 80 with water. Chinee Apple / Ziziphus mauritiana Bushland, Declared Plant Spreading tree, round leaves, Cut stump method using 100% All year Date wetlands (P1) brown . Glyphosate. Chinese Tallow Sapium sebiferum Roadsides, Small tree. Cut stump method, treat with 100% All year reserves glyphosate. Do not dump prunings in bushland. Common Heliotropium Bushland Declared Plant Woody perennial shrub to 1m Remove by hand pulling. Avoid All year Heliotrope europaeum (P1, P3, P4) tall, blue/mauve flowers. dumping garden refuse in bushland Found on roadsides. areas.

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Document Set ID: 2178820 Version: 2, Version Date: 25/11/2020 Cotoneaster Cotoneaster spp. Road verges, Problem weed Small with white flowers Remove small plants by hand. All year creeklines, and red berries. Spot spray with Glyphosate or cut woodlands stumps and paint with neat Glyphosate. Cotton Bush, Gomphocarpus Edges of rivers, Declared Plant Perennial upright . Remove small plants by hand. September to Narrow-leaf fruticosus creeklines, (P1, P3, P4) Glyphosate 1 in 100, plus wetting December bushland agent before the fruits form. Coprosma or NZ Coprosma repens Garden 1m tall succulent shrub. Cut stump method, treat with 100% All year mirror bush escapee, glyphosate. dumping in reserves/roadsid e Coral Tree Erythrina x sykesii Garden escapee Tall tree, coral/red flowers Do not plant in building envelopes or All year bushland Cordyline or NZ Cordyline australis Garden escapee Tall upright plant with strappy Cut stump method, treat with 100% All year cabbage tree leaves. glyphosate. Couch Cynodon dactylon Floodplains, Priority 1 Perennial grass, spreads by a Only remove Couch if you are Repeat every 8 creeklines, Significant creeping rhizome. Active growth replacing it with native vegetation. weeks bushland Environmental in spring and summer. Use Fusilade ® as for kikuyu. Weed Cumbungi or Typha orientalis Flood fringes, Priority 1 Perennial herb to 4.5 m. Riparian situation: 1.3L Roundup Spring – Bulrush wetlands, Significant Spreads aggressively by Biactive ® per 100L of water, 5.5 litre Autumn creeklines Environmental rhizomes. Colonises disturbed per sq. metre. Thorough coverage Weed sites especially wetlands. Dies needed. Monitoring and Follow up back over winter resprouting in treatment maybe necessary. spring & flowers in early autumn. Prolific seeder - 95% viable. Cupressus or Cupressus spp Garden Cypress or conifers to 5m tall. Cut stump method, treat with 100% All year Cypress escapee, glyphosate. garden dumping Cyperus Grass Cyperus spp Roadsides, Nuisance Grass-like clumps. Glyphosate – 150ml in 15L water plus Summer creeklines, weed Pulse, spray. wetlands Delonix or Delonix regia Garden Medium tree, effective Cut stump method, treat with 100% All year Poinciana, flame escapee, seeds yellow/orange/red flowers. glyphosate. tree Dolichos Pea Dipogon lignosus Karri forests, Climber, climbs up trees and 2% glyphosate plus wetting agent. August roadsides over native vegetation. Easter Lily Armaryllis Roadsides, Minor weed Bulbous clumping plants to Wipe with Glyphosate (1:100) water, Autumn belladonna creeklines, karri 0.5m with pale pink flowers. and wetting agent.

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Document Set ID: 2178820 Version: 2, Version Date: 25/11/2020 and marri forest English Ash Fraxinus excelsior Road verges Priority 1 Medium to large tree. Cut stumps as close to the ground as All year Desert Ash Fraxinus Significant Deciduous. possible. Dab stumps with Roundup Flowering Ash angustifolia Environmental Biactive ®. 1:15. Fraxinus ornus Weed Eucalyptus Roadsides, Plantation Tall tree, often quick growing Cut down to ground level and paint the All year species bicostata woodlands, escapees and prolific seeders. stump with undiluted (100%) Eucalyptus bushland invade Glyphosate®. botryoides bushland Eucalyptus camaldulensis Eucalyptus citriodora Eucalyptus citriodora Eucalyptus lehmannii Eucalyptus leucoxylon Eucalyptus maculata Eucalyptus muelleriana Eucalyptus polyanthemos Eucalyptus saligna Fig Tree Ficus spp. Creeklines Major weed Upright trees with leathery Cut stumps and paint with neat All year leaves and fruit. Glyphosate. May need a follow up treatment. Firethorn Pyracantha species Garden escapes Tall trees, red flowers Cut stump and paint with 100% All year Glyphosate. Foxgloves Digitalis purpurea Garden Small annual/perennial garden Hand pull plants. Do not dump garden All year escapee/dumpin cottage plant with multiple refuse in bushland areas. g coloured flowers. Freesia Freesia spp. Roadsides, Major weed Small clumping plants with Small infestations can be manually Before flowering creeklines, white flowers. removed by digging out. to mid-flowering bushland Spray with Glyphosate 1:100. Apply Aug to Sep

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Document Set ID: 2178820 Version: 2, Version Date: 25/11/2020 Brushoff, Ally 2.5 to 5g per ha in 250 to 500L water. Fuchsias Fuchsia Garden Shrub to 2m tall, multi coloured Keep planted in pots, garden plants All year magellanica escapee, flowers can escape. roadside dumping Gazanias Gazania spp Garden Groundcovering daisy like Keep retained to garden areas, do not All year escapee, plants with variety of colours. dump refuse in bushland areas. roadside and Hand pull any plants found. reserve dumping Geranium / Pelargonium spp. Coastal dunes, Major weed Perennial shrub with Pull plants when soil is damp. Autumn / Winter Pelargonium roadsides, herbaceous stems to 1.5m. Apply Ally / Brush 5g per ha. Spring bushland Pink, white, red, mauve flowers Glyphosate 1 in 100, add wetting agent. Wick applicator. Gladiolus Gladiolus spp. Road verges, Major weed Clumping plant, with corms, to Remove old flower heads to prevent During flowering bushland 60cm tall, pink flowers. seeding. Aug to Sep Sandy soils – pull up plants. Glyphosate – 1:100 wiping one leaf blade. Gloriosa Lily Gloriosa superba Garden Bulbous lily plant. Do not dump bulbs/corms in areas of All year escapee, bushland, dispose of by placing in dumping black garbage bags and leaving in sun. Gomphocarpus Gomphocarpus Garden Upright herbaceous perennial Contain to pots, do not dump in All year or Swan Plant fruiticosus escapee, shrub with swan shaped fruits. bushland. Hand pull any plants found dumping in in bushland areas. bushland Gooseberries Physalis minima Garden escapee Straggly shrub with berries. Hand pull. Do not dump refuse in All year bushland areas. Great Maple Acer Garden escapee Tall Tree Cut stump method, treat with 100% All year pseudoplatanus glyphosate. Ground Lotus corniculatus Garden escapee Groundcovering plant, red Hand pull. Do not dump in bushland All year Honeysuckle flowers. areas. Guava Psidium guajava Garden escapee Shrub with pale yellow/pinkish Hand pull seedlings. Cut stump All year flowers, fruit. method. Do not dump refuse in bushland areas. laurina Garden Upright shrubs. Do not plant near bushland areas. All year escapees Hakea suavolens

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Document Set ID: 2178820 Version: 2, Version Date: 25/11/2020 Heath Erica spp Garden Small shrub with pink flowers. Hand pull plants. All year escapee, Do not dump garden refuse in dumping bushland areas. Hebe Hebe elliptica Garden escapee Small shrub with blue flowers. Keep contained to building envelopes, All year in pots. Hibiscus Hibiscus Garden Upright bushy shrubs, red Keep contained to building envelopes, All year diversifolius escapee, flowers in pots and do not dump garden refuse Hibiscus sabdariffa dumping in bushland areas. Honey Myrtle Melaleuca armillaris Woodlands, Minor weed Paperbark shrubs to 3m tall. Cut stump and paint with neat All year Melaleuca bushland Glyphosate. decussata Melaleuca diosmifolia Melaleuca nesophila Honeysuckle / Lonicera spp. Creeklines, Minor weed Climber/creeper with pale Remove small plants by hand. All year American Box Lonicera japonica woodlands yellow highly fragrant flowers. Cut stump and paint with Glyphosate®. Hypericum or Hypericum species Garden escapee Small perennial shrubs, white or Hand pull, cut stump and paint with All year Sweet Amber, yellow flowers Glyphosate, do not dump garden St John’s Wort refuse in bushland areas. Ilex, English Ilex aquifolium Garden escapee Bushy shrub, prickly and holly Do not dump garden refuse in All year Holly like leaves, white flowers. bushland areas. Impatiens Impatiens Garden escapee Small fleshy herbaceous Do not dump garden refuse in All year walleriana perennial. bushland areas, these will act as cuttings and form roots and grow plants in suitable soils. Indian Hawthorn Raphiolepis indica Garden escapee Small shrub with glossy leaves, Do not dump garden refuse in All year white/pink flowers. bushland areas. Indian Cassia fistula Garden escapee Small weeping shrub with All year Laburnum golden flowers. Ivy Hedera helix Garden Climber/scrambler, will climb up Cut stump and paint with Tree and All year escapee, trees and over native Blackberry Killer, or Glyphosate. dumping in vegetation strangling and roadsides/ outcompeting. reserves Ixia Ixia species Garden Small bulbous cottage garden Plant in pots, do not dump garden All year escapees plants. refuse in bushland areas. Spray with 100ml glyphosate in 10L water before flowering. Jacaranda Jacaranda Garden escapee Tall tree with mauve flowers. Seeds spread readily, do not plant in All year

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Document Set ID: 2178820 Version: 2, Version Date: 25/11/2020 mimosifolia or near bushland areas. Cut stump method, treat with 100% glyphosate. Jessamine Cestrum spp Garden escapee Climbers Do not dump in bushland areas, can All year spread from cuttings. Jonquil Narcissus spp. Roadsides, Minor weed Small bulbous clumping plants Wipe with Glyphosate and wetting Winter – spring creeklines, with white flowers. agent. bushland Kikuyu Pennisetum Floodplains, Priority 1 Perennial grass with a creeping Try removing as much of the thatch as Repeat 8 weeks clandestinum creeklines, Significant rhizome. Active growth period is possible by racking it out of rushes and after the initial wetlands, Environmental in spring and summer Flowers rolling it back with a small amount of treatment, then bushlan Weed in summer. digging. Cover remaining kikuyu with annually black plastic held down with rocks. Rising water levels will drown Kikuyu in inundated situations. Remove the plastic in summer. Apply 10ml Verdict 520 plus 100ml of spray oil per 10L in water for hand sprays, or alternate with Gallant West. Kniphofia or Kniphofia uvaria Garden escapee Medium shrub, bright red spikes Do not dump garden refuse or cuttings All year Red Hot Poker of flowers. into bushland areas. Lantana Lantana spp. Bushland Minor weed Shrubs to 3m tall, sometimes Cut foliage and remove, pull out roots All year 5m tall, straggly varying or paint with Glyphosate. coloured flowers, black berries. Lauristinus Virburnum tinus Garden escapee Medium shrub, glossy leaves, Do not dump prunings in bushland. All year white pinkish flowers. Lavender Lavendula spp. Roadsides, Minor weed Small shrubs with aromatic Manually remove by hand. All year bushland, leaves and mauve flowers. Do not dump prunings or garden coastal heath refuse in bushland areas. Lions Ears Leonotis spp. Roadsides, Potential major Straggly shrubs to 2m with Manually remove by hand. All year bushland weed white or orange flowers. Do not dump garden refuse in bushland areas. Lippia Phyla nodiflora Bushland Minor weed Groundcovering plant with pale Manually remove by hand or spray All year pink flowers. with 100ml in 10L water -Glyphosate®. Lobularia Sweet Lobularia maritima Roadsides, Small clumping Hand pull to remove. All year Alyssum reserves, annual/herbaceous perennial, Do not dump garden refuse in coastal dunes, rockery plant with white, pink or bushland areas. bushland areas mauve flowers. Locust Robinia Roadsides Large tree with pink flowers. Hand pull small seedlings. All year pseudoacacia Cut stump method, treat with 100% glyphosate.

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Document Set ID: 2178820 Version: 2, Version Date: 25/11/2020 Do not dump garden clippings/prunings in bushland areas. Lupins Lupinus species Roadsides, Annual, herbaceous perennial Hand pull. All year reserves, with blue flowers. bushland edges Mimosa Mimosa species Roasides, Small tree with soft ferny Hand pull. Cut stump and paint with All year reserves leaves. 100% Glyphosate. Mint / Mentha spp. Creeklines, Declared Plant Ground covering herbaceous Use 0.5 grams Brushoff and 12ml During active Pennyroyal wetlands Major weed plants with aromatic mint leaves wetting agent to 5lt water. growing period and small mauve flowers. Spring / Summer Montbretia Crocosmia spp. Roadsides, Minor weed Small clumping bulbous plants Wipe with 100% Glyphosate. Before flowering creeklines with orange flowers. Spring / Summer Morning glory Ipomoea indica Creeklines, karri Minor weed Climber with pale mauve Glyphosate – 300ml to 15L water plus All year forest flowers. Pulse. Cut down plants and spray new regrowth Two or more applications may be needed. Mulberry Morus alba Roadsides, Tall tree with black berries. Cut stump and treat with100% All year creeklines glyphosate. Murraya Murraya paniculata Garden escapee Shrub with white flowers, Do not dump in bushland. All year berries. Cut stump method, treat with 100% glyphosate. Nasturtiums Tropaeolum majus Yellow/orange/red flowers. Remove by hand pulling. Spring/Summer Iris Dieties spp. Woodlands, Minor weed Clumping plants with white iris Wipe with 100% Glyphosate and All year bushland like flowers. wetting agent. Norfolk Island Lagunaria Wetlands Priority 3 Tree to 15m, small hibiscus like Cut stump method, treat with 100% Spring/Summer Hibiscus patersonii pink flowers. glyphosate. trees Quercus species Roadsides Large tree, oak leaves. Cut stump method, treat with 100% All year glyphosate. Oleander Nerium oleander Roadsides, Tall shrub to 5m with white, pink Cut stump and treat with 100% All year reserves flowers. Glyphosate. Do not dump refuse in bushland or coastal dune areas, will propagate from cuttings readily. Olive Tree Olea europaea Bushland Priority 3 Tree to 15m, creamy flowers, Cut stump method, treat with 100% Spring/Summer black olives. glyphosate. Pampus grass Cortaderia selloana Creeklines, Priority 1 Large clumping grass with tall Remove flowers and destroy. Cut Late rivers, wetlands fluffy spikes. vegetation as low to the ground as Spring/Summer possible. Treat new growth with Glyphosate 1L in 2L and wipe both

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Document Set ID: 2178820 Version: 2, Version Date: 25/11/2020 sides of the leaf. Knapsacck 200ml in 10L with Pulse. Thoroughly wet the foliage with 2 or more applications. Paspalum Paspalum dilatatum Flood fringes Priority 2 Tufted rhizomatic perennial Spray using Fusilade ® 4L/ ha on When actively Nuisance grass, flowers in spring and young growth (two applications may be growing weed (South summer. necessary on older plants). Or apply America) Roundup ®150ml in 15L water. Passionfruit Passiflora spp. Garden Vine or creeper with cream Cut stump method, treat with 100% Spring dumpings in flowers. glyphosate when actively growing. bushland reserves Paterson’s Echium Edge of Declared Plant Upright herbaceous perennial, Use Glyphosate 75-100ml in 15L Spring Curse / plantagineum wetlands (P1, P3, P4) Purple flowers. water. Salvation Jane Pennisetum or Pennisetum Garden Grassy plants with tall spikes. 100ml Glyphosate plus 25ml Pulse in Every 8 weeks Feather Grass species escapees 10L water applied when the grass is actively growing, repeat every 8 weeks or when regrowth reaches 5cm tall. Pepper trees Schinus species Garden escapee Medium tree with berries. Do not dump prunings in bushland, do All year not plant near bushland, birds will spread fruits/seeds. Phoenix Palm Phoenix robellini Garden escapee Small palm. Do not dump refuse in bushland areas. All year Physic Nut Jatropha curcas Declared Plant Contact your local Agricultural (P1, P5) Biosecurity Officer. Pigface Mesembryanthemu Coastal, Priority 3 Spreading groundcover with Paint or spot spray with Glyphosate Spring m crystallinum roadsides fleshy leaves and bright pink when actively growing and flowering. flowers. Alternatively, hand pull individual plants. Pinus species Bushland areas, Tall trees. Hand pull seedlings. Cut stump All year roadsides, method, treat with 100% glyphosate. reserves Pink Satin Bush Podalyria sericea Coastal Heath, Minor weed Dense shrub to 2m, silvery Manually remove by hand or cut stump All year bushland leaves and pale pink flowers. and paint with 100% Glyphosate. Pink Star Flower Drosanthemum Coastal Minor weed Spreading groundcover, with Hand pull plants. Spring candens pale pink flowers. Plane trees Platanus hybrida Roadsides, Tall tree with balls. Cut stump method, treat with 100% All year bushland areas glyphosate. Polygala Polygala myrtifolia Coastal heath, Minor weed Dense shrub to 3m with deep Manually remove by hand or cut stump All year bushland green leaves, and purple and and paint with 100% Glyphosate. white pea flowers. Poinciana Caesalpinia Garden escapee Small tree with bright Cut stump and paint with 100% All year

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Document Set ID: 2178820 Version: 2, Version Date: 25/11/2020 decapetala orange/red flowers. glyphosate. Poplar Tree Populus spp. Sandy soils near Suckers Tall upright columnar trees. Cut stump and paint with Garlon 600. All year coast, roadsides prolifically Poppies Papaver spp. Garden Minor weed Upright herbaceous annuals Pull up by hand before setting seed. Winter dumping with brightly coloured flowers, seed spreads. Pride of Madeira Echium fastuosum Garden Clumping herbaceous perennial Hand pull plants. Do not dump garden All year dumping with tall spikes of purple refuse in bushland areas. flowers. Primrose Oenothera spp. Coastal heath, Minor weed Herbaceous groundcover, Glyphosate plus Pulse when actively Spring / dunes, yellow, white and pink flowers. growing. Summer roadsides Protea spp. Roadsides, Minor weed Upright bushy shrub to 2m Cut stump, paint with Glyphosate Winter / Spring bushland Privets Ligustum species Roadsides, Bushy shrubs to 2m with white Cut stump, paint with Glyphosate. All year bushland flowers. Do not dump refuse in bushland areas. Ribwort Plantain Plantago lanceolata Floodway/verge Priority 3 Annual or short lived perennial Remove small populations by hand. All year s Minor weed herb. Tap must be removed wipe or spot spray using Roundup Biactive®. Robinia Robinia Bushland Minor weed Tall deciduous tree to 15m with Cut stump and paint with Glyphosate. All year pseudoacacia spiny stems, and white flowers. River Betula nigra Garden escapee Tall tree Do not dump refuse in bushland areas. All year Rosemary Garden escapee Small shrub with pink/white Do not dump refuse in bushland areas. All year flowers. Roses Rosa spp. Creeklines Minor weed Straggly climbing roses. Spot spray small seedlings with All year Glyphosate 1:100. Cut mature plants or spot spray with Glyphosate 1 in 50 plus surfactant or Brushoff 10g in 100L. Salvinia Salvinia molesta Dams, Declared Plant Small succulent looking plant Contact your local Agricultural All year creeklines, (P1, P2) on surface of water. Biosecurity Officer for treatment. rivers, wetlands Scoop off surface if small amounts. Silky Oak Can spread into Tall upright tree with bright Do not plant in or close to bushland All year bushland via orange/yellow flowers. areas. seed Solanums or Solanum species Garden Climbers, shrubs with white or Do not dump prunings in bushland. All year Potato escapees blue flowers. vines/plants Snowdrops / Leucojum aestivum Roadsides, Minor weed Bulbous small clumping plants Wipe with 100% Glyphosate and All year Snowflake reserves, with white snowdrop flowers. wetting agent. Manually dig up. bushland

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Document Set ID: 2178820 Version: 2, Version Date: 25/11/2020 Spindle Tree Euonymus spp Garden escapee Small tree/shrub with white Do not plant in building envelopes. All year flowers Control with cut stump method, 100% glyphosate. St. John’s Wort / Hypericum spp. Declared Plant Herbaceous perennial. Contact your local Agricultural Tutsan (P1, P2) Biosecurity Officer. Statice spp. Coastal heath, Potential Clumping plants with upright Hand pull. Or wipe with 100% Spring/Summer dunes, nuisance weed stems with white, pink, yellow, glyphosate when actively roadsides, blue and purple papery flowers. growing/flowering. bushland Strawberry Tree Arbutus unedo Garden escapee Tall tree with red fruits Cut stump method, treat with 100% All year glyphosate. Sunflower Helianthus spp. Bushland Minor weed Tall upright herbaceous plant Pull out manually. All year with large yellow and brown flowers. Sweet Peas Lathyrus species Garden escapee Climbers, brightly coloured Seeds spread readily, contain to pots All year flowers. and do not dump refuse in bushland areas. Hand pull manually. Sweet Pittosporum Roadsides, Minor weed Tree to 7m, white flowers, Cut stump and paint with 100% All year Pittosporum species bushland yellow berries. Glyphosate. Tagasaste Chamaecytisus Roadsides, Minor weed Tall shrubs to 5m, white Hand pull seedlings, or foliar spray All year palmensis bushland flowers. with 0.5g/10L Brushoff and Pulse. Tamarix Tamarix aphylla Bushland Minor weed Tree to 10m, pink flowers, Cut stump method, treat with 30% All year suckering. triclopyr, or basal spray with Access and diesel (1:60). . Taylorina Psoralea pinnata Roadsides, Minor weed Dense shrub to 4m, blue or Remove manually or cut stump and All year bushland mauve pea flowers. paint with 100% Glyphosate. Tea Trees Leptospermum Roadsides, Tall shrubs with white flowers. Manually remove, cut stump and paint All year laevigatum reserves, Victorian Tea Tree and Lemon with 100% Glyphosate. Leptospermum bushland, Scented Tea Tree are both very Do not dump garden refuse in petersonii garden vigorous. bushland or coastal areas, seeds drop escapees and germinate in almost any conditions. Thornapples Datura spp. Declared Plant Woody perennials. Cut stump method, treat stump with All year (P1, P3, P4) 100% glyphosate. Tree Mallow Lavatera arborea Bushland Priority 1 3m, flowers lilac to purple. Cut stump method – treat with 100% All year Glyphosate when actively growing. Tree of Heaven Ailanthus altissima Bushland Priority 3 Tree to 25m, yellow flowers. Spot spray with Velpar kills plants up All year Suckers form and smother low to 3m tall. Trunk injection may be shrubs. effective. Cut stump method with Garlon – 1L in 60L Diesel distillate when actively growing.

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Document Set ID: 2178820 Version: 2, Version Date: 25/11/2020 Tutsan, Flair Hypericum x Bushland Declared Plant Small woody perennial. Cut stump method, treat stump with All year inodorum (P2, P4) 100% glyphosate. Victorian / Leptospermum Coastal heath, Major weed Upright tall and bushy shrub to Hand pull small seedlings, remove all Before flowering Coastal Tea laevigatum coastal dunes, 7m, white flowers, fast growing. seeds from mature plants. or seeding Tree bushland, Spot spray small plants. Cut the plant creeklines at ground level and paint the stump with Glyphosate®.

Washingtonia Washingtonia Garden escapee Spreading palm. Do not dump garden refuse in All year Palms species bushland areas. Watsonia Watsonia spp. Flood Priority 1 Perennial herb with a creeping Use 2,2DPA in sensitive areas. Early flowering W. bulbifera fringe/road Significant rhizome. Dormant during Use 1:100 glyphosate (roundup September verges Environmental summer with active growth in bioactive in wet areas with no wetting Weed winter. Flowers in spring and agent) or normal roundup with wetting summer. Produces cormels on agent in non wet areas. flowering stalks. Cormels detach and create new outbreaks. Wattles baileyana Areas of Priority 1 Tree with yellow flowers during Use Access plus Diesel (1:60) – do not All year Acacia dealbata bushland, winter.. get chemical in water. creeklines Alternatively , inject trees with Acacia elata glyphosate. Acacia farnesiana *Note Access & Diesel require Acacia floribunda restricted spraying permit if within 5km Acacia iteaphylla of a commercial vineyard. Acacia longifolia (can be sourced from local DAF Acacia officer). melanoxylon Acacia podalyrifolia Acacia pycnantha Weeping Willow Salix spp. Creeklines, Minor weeds Upright trees, weeping trees Remove small plants by hand. Cut All year / Willow rivers, roadsides with catkins. stump and paint with 100% Glyphosate or Garlon. White Cedar Media azedarach Roadsides, Upright, tall tree with berries. Remove small plants by hand. All year backyards, Cut stump and paint with 100% bushland areas Glyphosate.

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Document Set ID: 2178820 Version: 2, Version Date: 25/11/2020 References and Definitions

References 1. Scheltema, M. and Harris, J. (editors) (1995). Managing Perth’s Bushlands. Greening . 2. Hussey, B.M.J., Keighery, G.J., Cousens, R.D., Dodd, J. and Lloyd, S.G. (1997). Western Weeds – A guide to the weeds of Western Australia. The Plant Protection Society of WA (Inc) 3. WWF website – National list of naturalized invasive and potentially invasive garden plants.

4. Check WONS – Weeds of National Significance list. www.weeds.crc.org.au; www.weeds.org.au; www.agric.wa.gov.au.

Document Set ID: 2178820 Version: 2, Version Date: 25/11/2020