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A Review on Jute Cultivation ISSN 2321 3361 © 2021 IJESC Research Article Volume 11 Issue No.08 A Review on Jute Cultivation Arimelli Bala Subrahmanyam Baba Farid Institute of Technology, Uttarakhand, India Abstract: Jute is an important natural fiber cash crop and grows well in hot and moist climate. In India, Ganga delta region is excellent for jute cultivation as this region has fertile alluvium soil & favorable temperature along with sufficient rainfall. India and Bangladesh are biggest jute producer in the world. I. INTRODUCTION cultivation in red soils may require high dose of manure and PH range between 5.5 and 7.0 is best for its cultivation. S. Name – Corchorus capsularis Common Name – Jute/white jute/Tiatapat/Senabu Land Preparation in Jute Cultivation:- Plain land or gentle Family - Tiliaceae slope or low land is ideal for jute cultivation. Since the jute 2n=14 seeds are small in size, land should be prepared to fine tilth. Originally Raw jute was using as raw material for packaging Couple of ploughing will make the soil to fine tilth. industries only, later it has emerged as source for paper industries, textile industries, building & automotive industries, Best season to cultivate Jute Crop:- soil saver, decorative and furnishing materials. March-April (Capsularis) April-May (Olitorius) Types of Jute :-Corchorus Capsularisand CorchorusOlitorius. Major Jute Production States in India:-The major jute Jute Crop Duration:- 4 months to 5 months producers in India are: Bihar, Assam, West Bengal, Orissa and Meghalaya. Seed Rate in Jute Cultivation:- Capsularis: 6-8 kg/ha Climate Required for Jute Cultivation:- Jute crop grows well Olitorius: 4-5 kg/ha in rainfed, moderate, warm humid atmosphere and sunshine conditions. 24°C to 37°C with optimum temp. 34°C is ideal for Spacing:- jute cultivation. Jute cultivation requires about 150 cm rainfall. Capsularis: 30cm × 5cm Humid weather will result in good yield. Olitorius: 20cm × 5cm Soil Requirement for Jute Cultivation:-River basins or No. of plants/Optimum plant population:-4-5 lakh/ha alluvial or loamy soils are best for jute cultivation. Jute Depth of sowing not more than 2-3 cm Manures and Fertilizers in Jute Cultivation:- Add 8 to 10 N2 100-120kg, (2to3 splits at 1month interval) tones of well decomposed Farm Yard Manure (F.M.Y) or K2O 60kg Basal dose compost at the time of soil/land preparation. P2O5 40 kg Basal dose IJESC, August 2021 28760 http:// ijesc.org/ Irrigation in Jute Cultivation:- Jute cultivation requires good [5]. Ghimire, T. B., Thakur, N. S. (2013). Constraint and water resource(1500mm of water) and plenty of sunshine. As opportunity of raw jute production: A case studyof eastern Terai, soon as sowing is completed, carry out the first irrigation. Life Nepal. Agronomy Journal of Nepal, 3, 117-122. Hossain, M. A., irrigation should be given on 5th day after sowing. Subsequent Islam, M. S., & Miah, M. A. M. (2002). Attitude of island irrigations should be given with 2 weeks interval. More than farmers towards adoption of modern agricultural technologies. 90% RH is required for proper growth and development. Bangladesh Journal of Extension Education, 14(1 & 2), 47-51. Thinning:- Once, sowing is done after 6-7 days or a wee, the thinning as well as gap filling is to be done. Generally 2 thinning are done: 1) 1-2 weeks after sowing – spacing maintained at 3-4 cm 2) 3-4 weeks after sowing – spacing kept at 6-7 cm Weed Control in Jute Cultivation:- Hand weeding has to be carried out twice in 3 weeks to 4 weeks after sowing and 5 weeks to 6 weeks after sowing. Herbicides like Fluchloralin should be sprayed @ 3 to 4 days after sowing @ the rate of 1.5 kg/ha and is followed by watering. One hand weeding can also be taken up @ 4 weeks to 5 weeks after sowing. Harvesting of Jute:-Depending up on local cropping system, jute crop can reach harvesting stage @ 100 to 120 days after sowing for fiber extraction, but it can also be extended to 160- 175 days after sowing for seed formation. The plant from 8 to 12 feet high are cut with stickles at or close the ground level, tied in bundle of 25-30 cm diameter, and leave the jute plants in the field for 3-4 days for leaf shedding. It adds organic matter to soil and bare stems are exposed to sunlight. Sort out thick & thin plants to make bundles in convenient sizes and then they are thrown in a water body for retting. Yield of Jute:-With good farm management practices, fiber yield can be expected up to 22 to 23 quintal/ha. II. REFERENCES [1]. Anonymous, A. (2010). Ribbon retting- A Cost effective and eco-friendly jute retting method. Katalyst, News Issue 21, August 25. Accessed 10 June 2015 and Available at: www.katalyst.com.bd/docs/newspieces/News_Issue_21.pdf. BBS (2013). District Statistics 2011, [2]. Chandpur. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, Statistics and Informatics Division, Ministry of Planning, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh, Dhaka. Accessed 5 June 2015 from http://www.bbs.gov.bd/WebTest Application/ user files/ Image/District%20Statistics/Chandp ur.pdf. [3]. Dass, U. C. L. (1999). Overview of the project on Adaptive research on improved varieties of jute and allied fibres and their utilization for enhanced income generation. In. Proceedings of the second meeting of the project coordination committee. [4].International Jute Organization, Dhaka, Bangladesh. DAE (2015). Crop Statistics, department of agricultural extension, government of the people's Republic of Bangladesh, Accessed 6 June 2015 from. http://www.dae.gov.bd/site/page/3 f8e 25 dc-eb6c-4007-b240-ef37ee4 7eb6a/Crop Statistics Export Promotion Bureau, Ministry of Commerce, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. IJESC, August 2021 28761 http:// ijesc.org/ .
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