The Livelihood Impacts of the Large-scale Industrial Development in Emerging Peri-Urban of

Miya Irawati, Regina Suryadjaja, Stephen Cairns [email protected]

LANDac International Conference Utrecht, 29th June – 1st July 2016 The Livelihood Impacts of the Large-scale Industrial Development in Emerging Peri-Urban of Jakarta

‘Built Area’ Expansion 1972-2010

Urban Expansion in Jabodetabek 1972-2010 Source: Ministry of Public Works of (2011)

2 The Livelihood Impacts of the Large-scale Industrial Development in Emerging Peri-Urban of Jakarta

’Existing Land Cover’ (2009)

EXISTING LAND COVER Legend

Km

Above: Land Cover of Extended Metro Region of Jakarta (2009) Source: Bakosurtanal (2009) Below: Milestone of Toll Road and its Access Development Between Jakarta and -Karawang Source: Irawati. M, Mardona. S (2014) 3 The Livelihood Impacts of the Large-scale Industrial Development in Emerging Peri-Urban of Jakarta

‘Industrial Land Demand and Value, Rate of Change’

Annual Industrial Land Demand in Jakarta & Its Emerging Peri Urban (2011)

Industrial Land Price in Emerging Peri Urban of Jakarta

Left: Annual Industrial Land Demand in Jakarta & Its Emerging Peri Urban (2011) Right: Industrial Land Price in Emerging Peri Urban of Jakarta Source: Collier International Indonesia – Research (2015) 4 The Livelihood Impacts of the Large-scale Industrial Development in Emerging Peri-Urban of Jakarta

‘Land Development Timeline of Jababeka Estate, 1989-2017’

Jababeka’s land development timeline Source: Irawati. M, Mardona. S (2014)

5 The Livelihood Impacts of Industry Residential Commercial Facility the Large-scale Industrial Development in Emerging Peri-Urban of Jakarta

‘Land Use of Jababeka Estate’

Jababeka’s land use Source: Irawati. M, Mardona. S (2014) and Google Earth

6 The Livelihood Impacts of the Large-scale Industrial Development in Emerging Peri-Urban of Jakarta

Transformation in Jababeka-Lippo , 2002-2014 Jababeka Jababeka Jababeka

B C

Jakarta Jakarta Jakarta

D A 2012 2014 Bandung Bandung Lippo Cikarang Lippo Cikarang Lippo Cikarang

A B C D

Above: ‘Transformation timeline’ in Jajabeka-Lippo Cikarang Below: ‘Land Use’ in Jababeka-Lippo Cikarang Source: Google Earth 7 The Livelihood Impacts of Jababeka the Large-scale Industrial Development in Emerging Peri-Urban of Jakarta

‘The Transformation of Spatial Landscape’

Jakarta

Bandung Lippo Cikarang

Transformation Because of Land Conversion Source: Google Earth

8 The Livelihood Impacts of Jababeka the Large-scale Industrial Development in Emerging Peri-Urban of Jakarta

‘The Transformation of Spatial Landscape’

Jakarta

2012

Bandung Lippo Cikarang

Transformation Because of Land Conversion Source: Google Earth

9 The Livelihood Impacts of Jababeka the Large-scale Industrial Development in Emerging Peri-Urban of Jakarta B C

‘The Transformation of Spatial Landscape’

Jakarta

D

A 2014

Bandung Lippo Cikarang

Transformation Because of Land Conversion Source: Google Earth

10 The Livelihood Impacts of Jababeka the Large-scale Industrial Development in Emerging Peri-Urban of Jakarta B C

‘The Transformation of Spatial Landscape’

Jakarta

D

A 2014

Bandung Lippo Cikarang

A B C D Transformation Because of Land Conversion Source: Google Earth

11 The Livelihood Impacts of 4 the Large-scale Industrial Development in Emerging Peri-Urban of Jakarta

3 ‘Socio-economic 5 Characteristics in Bekasi-Karawang’

1 2

Type of industry activities in Bekasi in 2015

200%

150%

100%

50%

0%

-50%

-100% 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 DKI Jakarta -11% 22% -29% 18% -18% 12% -22% Jawa Barat 2% 141% -17% -2% -33% 44% -28% Jawa Tengah -7% 124% -9% 1% -8% -8% 72% DI Yogyakarta 14% 44% 2% 19% -3% 20% -8% Jawa Timur -18% 98% 33% -58% 35% -3% 30% Banten -53% 60% -30%

The rate of in-migration in Java, 1985-2015 Above: Type of industry activities in Bekasi in 2015 Source: Colliers International Indonesia-Research, 2015 Below: The rate of in-migration in Java, 1985-2015 Source: Indonesia Census (2015) 12 The Livelihood Impacts of the Large-scale Industrial Development in Emerging Peri-Urban of Jakarta

‘The Irregular Settlement (Kampung) in Surrounding Area of Jababeka

Rental housing and mixed-use in Surrounding of Jababeka Source: Author (2016)

13 The Livelihood Impacts of the Large-scale Industrial Development in Emerging Peri-Urban of Jakarta

’The Housing Typology for Migrants’ in Industrial Estate and its Surrounding Area (2016)

Left: Labour housing provision in industrial estate neighbourhood Right: Irregular settlement surrounding industrial estate Source: Imanullah, Z., Suryadjaja, R., Irawati, M. (2016) 14 The Livelihood Impacts of the Large-scale Industrial Development in Emerging Peri-Urban of Jakarta

‘Socio-economic Characteristics’ in Surrounding Jababeka

The Origin of Respondents The Stay Length of Respondents by Percentage

10% entrepreneur

20% officer labor 60% housewife 7% others

3% The Job of Respondents The Monthly Income of Respondents

Source: Author (2016)

15 The Livelihood Impacts of the Large-scale Industrial Development in Emerging Peri-Urban of Jakarta

‘Socio-economic Characteristics’ in Surrounding Jababeka

The Status of Respondent’s Living Place

The Average Monthly Household Expenditures

Above: The Status of Respondent’s Living Place Below: The Average Monthly Household Expenditures Source: Author (2016) 16 Conclusion

• The large-scale industrial development have huge impacts in term of spatial landscape, and socio-economic balance. • one of obvious impacts are Spatial landscape and socio- economic transformation

17