DOCSLIB.ORG

The Beartooth Highway: 2012 Summer Use and Image

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Beartooth Highway: 2012 Summer Use and Image University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research 2-1-2013 The Beartooth Highway: 2012 Summer Use and Image Jake Jorgenson The University of Montana-Missoula, [email protected] Norma P. Nickerson The University of Montana-Missoula Kara Grau The University of Montana-Missoula Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/itrr_pubs Part of the Leisure Studies Commons, Recreation, Parks and Tourism Administration Commons, and the Tourism and Travel Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Jorgenson, Jake; Nickerson, Norma P.; and Grau, Kara, "The Beartooth Highway: 2012 Summer Use and Image" (2013). Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications. 228. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/itrr_pubs/228 This Report is brought to you for free and open access by the Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. he Beartooth Highway: 2012 ummer Use and Image Jake Jorgenson Norma Nickerson, Ph.D. Kara Grau, M.S. Institute H for College o f Forestry I and Conservation Phone (406) 243 5686- ourlsm and 32 Campus Dr. #1234 Fax (406) 243- 4845 kecreation The University of Montana www.itrr.umt.edu research Missoula, M I 59812 The Beartooth Highway: 2012 Summer Use and Image Prepared by Jake Jorgenson Norma Nickerson, Ph.D. Kara Grau, M.S. Institute for Tourism & Recreation Research College of Forestry and Conservation The University of Montana Missoula, MT 59812 www.itrr.umt.edu Research Report 2013 2 - January 2013 This report was funded by the Montana Lodging Facility Use Tax and The Friends of the Beartooth All American- Road Copyright© 2013 Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research. All rights reserved. Executive Summary The Beartooth Highway Is a 68 mile- travel corridor that reaches nearly 11,000 feet in elevation with sweeping vistas of snow -covered ridges, high plateau views, lakes and trails. A 54 -mile segment of the road is designated as the Beartooth All -American Road, one of only 31 All -American Roads highlighted as the most scenic byways in the United States. No visitor research had been conducted on the Beartooth Highway, therefore, the overall purpose of this report was to investigate traveler characteristics on the Beartooth highway including demographics, residency, activities, image, and travel patterns in the region with the gateway communities of Red Lodge and Cooke City, MT and Cody, WY. Data was collected from May 31^* through the end of September, 2012 at the three entry locations to the Beartooth Highway. A total of 4,267 nonresidents and 485 residents of the local counties were intercepted. Of the nonresidents given a follow up survey,- 1,473 mailbacks were returned (45% response rate). From May 31 - September 30*^ total traffic on the Beartooth highway was 178,904 vehicles. Nonresidents represented 91% of total traffic: 76,147 through YNP NE entrance; 57,727 from Red Lodge; 28,391 from WY highway 296. Visitors came from all 50 states (81% of visitors), 7 Canadian provinces (3% of visitors), and 30 foreign countries (5% of visitors with England and Germany the highest numbers). 32 percent of visitors primarily traveled the highway because it is a federally designated scenic byway, higher than any other reason for traveling the Beartooth. 54% of all visitors responded that the Beartooth Highway was a main destination. On average, nonresident visitors spent 2 nights in the Beartooth Region including Red Lodge, MT, Cooke City/Silver Gate, MT, Cody, WY and along the highway itself. 49 percent of the visitors also spent a night in Yellowstone; 27% spent a night in Billings; 25% spent a night in West Yellowstone and 25% spent a night in Jackson, WY. 44 percent of nonresidents were traveling the Beartooth Highway for their first time. Scenic driving (84%), nature photography (61%), and w ildlife watching (58%) were the most common activities along the Beartooth Highway. Repeat visitors were more likely to be wildlife watching, day hiking, camping, birding, and fishing than first time visitors.- The most frequently reported visitor motivations for traveling the Beartooth Highway focused around the scenic beauty, natural surroundings, and open space. The physical attributes of the highway generally received high marks however visitors were least agreeable to the statement that there were good interpretive signage. Emotive responses to traveling the highway show that first time visitors- were more reserved, nervous, stressed, and afraid than repeat visitors. The Beartooth Highway gateway communities are perceived in a positive light with Cody, WY receiving the highest marks of the three communities for image and beliefs about the community. Resident travel made up 10 percent of the total intercepts. Residents stated that they travel the highway on average 17 times per year. This study suggests that visitors perceive the Beartooth Region as more of a destination than a travel route to Yellowstone National Park. Continued and enhanced collaboration and funding between gateway communities, YNP, the forest service and the highway departments will ensure success of the highway as an economic contributor to the region and to help preserve the ecosystem for the future. Table of Contents Executive Summary .................................................................................................................................................... Ill Table of Contents ....................................................................................................................................................... IV Table of Figures and Tables .......................................................................................................................................IV Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................. 1 M ethods ........................................................................................................................................................................ 1 Results ........................................................................................................................................................................... 2 SECTION 1: Intercept Survey Results ...................................................................................................................... 2 Nonresident Visitors ..........................................................................................................................................3 Resident Visitors .................................................................................................................................................5 Intercept Survey Summary ...............................................................................................................................5 SECTION 2: Mallback Survey Results ....................................................................................................................... 6 Demographics ..............................................................................................................................................................6 OVERALL Trip characteristics: ................................................................................................................................... 8 Visitor Behavior ....................................................................................................................................................... 9 Highway Experiences and Reasons for Traveling the Beartooth Highway ..................................................12 Experiences and Feelings While Traveling on the Beartooth Highway ...................................................16 Gateway Communities ............................................................................................................................................. 20 Red Lodge, M T ..................................................................................................................................................20 Cooke City, MT ..................................................................................................................................................21 Cody, W Y ............................................................................................................................................................23 ............................................................................................................................................................................ 25 Gateway Community Summary ..................................................................................................................... 25 Visitor Comments ..................................................................................................................................................... 25 Themes ...............................................................................................................................................................26 Discussion ..................................................................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Page 5 of the 2020 Antelope, Deer and Elk Regulations
    WYOMING GAME AND FISH COMMISSION Antelope, 2020 Deer and Elk Hunting Regulations Don't forget your conservation stamp Hunters and anglers must purchase a conservation stamp to hunt and fish in Wyoming. (See page 6) See page 18 for more information. wgfd.wyo.gov Wyoming Hunting Regulations | 1 CONTENTS Access on Lands Enrolled in the Department’s Walk-in Areas Elk or Hunter Management Areas .................................................... 4 Hunt area map ............................................................................. 46 Access Yes Program .......................................................................... 4 Hunting seasons .......................................................................... 47 Age Restrictions ................................................................................. 4 Characteristics ............................................................................. 47 Antelope Special archery seasons.............................................................. 57 Hunt area map ..............................................................................12 Disabled hunter season extension.............................................. 57 Hunting seasons ...........................................................................13 Elk Special Management Permit ................................................. 57 Characteristics ..............................................................................13 Youth elk hunters........................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Custer Gallatin National Forest Beartooth Ranger District Information Packet
    CUSTER GALLATIN NATIONAL FOREST BEARTOOTH RANGER DISTRICT INFORMATION PACKET www.fs.usda.gov/custergallatin Did You Know? • The highest 41 peaks in Montana are in the Beartooth Mountains. 22 of these are over 12,000ft. • Granite Peak is Montana’s highest peak, at 12,799ft. It is known for its remoteness and extreme weather. • The Absaroka- Beartooth Wilderness is the 6th largest wilderness area in the lower 48 states. • There are over 300 lakes and 10 major sub-alpine tundra plateaus in the Beartooths, with even more lakes across the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness. • At 3.96 billion years old, rock samples from the Beartooths are some of the oldest rocks on Earth. • The Beartooth Highway reaches an altitude of 10, 947 ft. and is often considered one of the most beautiful roads in America. 406-446-2103 ∙ 6811 Hwy 212, Red Lodge, MT 59068 You are camping in bear country. Wilderness Restrictions and Regulations The Beartooth Ranger District has an area of 587,000 acres. Of this, 345,000 acres are within the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness. The boundary of the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness continues west into the Gallatin National Forest (in all, the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness is 943,626 acres). General Use 15 people is the maximum group size 16 days at a camp site is the maximum camp stay limit No camping/campfires within 200 feet of a lake No camping/campfires within 100 feet of flowing water No use/possession of motorized vehicles, motorboats, chainsaws and other mechanized equipment Bicycles, wagons, carts, hang gliders or other mechanized equipment cannot be possessed or used Dispose of human waste properly.
    [Show full text]
  • Geologic Map of the Red Lodge Area, Carbon
    GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE RED LODGE AREA, CARBON COUNTY, MONTANA by David A. Lopez Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology Open-File Report MBMG 524 2005 This map has been reviewed for conformity with technical and editorial standards of the Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology. Partial support has been provided by the STATEMAP component of the National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program of the U.S. Geological Survey under Contract Number 04HQAG0079. Kalispell MONTANA 15 Great Falls 90 Missoula Helena 94 Butte Billings Bozeman 90 90 15 110° 109° Big Timber YELLOWSTONE CO 94 Y Billings r 90 e r e l SWEET GRASS CO v l owsto e i n v R e Riv i r e 90 R e r ld u ne o to B ws STILLWATER CO lo Columbus el Y 45°30' e 78 n o r t ive 212 s R w r o te l a l w e ll Y ti S e h CARBON CO t BIG HORN CO f o Luther k STUDY r o Red Lodge 72 F AREA s rk la C 310 N PARK CO 212 45° 10 0 10 20 Miles Figure 1. Location map of the study area. 1 2 DESCRIPTION OF MAP UNITS SURFICIAL DEPOSITS af Artificial fill—Mine tailings and fill in the Rock Creek valley in northern part of the town of Red Lodge. Qal Alluvium (Holocene)—Gravel, sand, silt, and clay along active stream channels. Qc Colluvium (Holocene and Pleistocene)—Locally derived slope-wash depositsmainly of sand, silt, and clay. Typically thin veneer concealing bedrock, but locally as thick as 30 ft (9 m).
    [Show full text]
  • Bighorn Sheep and Mountain Goat Hunting Seasons
    CHAPTER 9 BIGHORN SHEEP AND MOUNTAIN GOAT HUNTING SEASONS Section 1. Authority. This regulation is promulgated by authority of Wyoming Statutes § 23-1-302, § 23-1-703, § 23-2-104 and § 23-3-117. Section 2. Definitions. In addition to the definitions set forth in Title 23 of the Wyoming Statutes and Chapter 2, General Hunting Regulation, the Commission also adopts the following definitions for the purpose of this chapter; (a) “Bighorn sheep horns” mean the hollow horn sheaths of male bighorn sheep, either attached to the skull or separated. (b) “Plugging” means placement of a permanent metal plug provided and attached by the Department. Section 3. Bighorn Sheep Hunting Seasons. Hunt areas, season dates and limitations. Special Regular Hunt Archery Dates Season Dates Area Type Opens Closes Opens Closes Quota Limitations 1 1 Aug. 15 Aug. 31 Sep. 1 Oct. 31 12 Any ram 2 1 Aug. 15 Aug. 31 Sep. 1 Oct. 31 20 Any ram 3 1 Aug. 15 Aug. 31 Sep. 1 Oct. 31 32 Any ram 4 1 Aug. 15 Aug. 31 Sep. 1 Oct. 31 24 Any ram 5 1 Aug. 1 Aug. 31 32 Any sheep valid within the Owl Creek Drainage 5 1 Aug. 15 Aug. 31 Sep. 1 Oct. 31 Any ram valid in the entire area 6 1 Aug. 1 Aug. 14 Aug. 15 Oct. 31 1 Any ram (1 resident) 7 1 Aug. 15 Aug. 31 Sep. 1 Oct. 31 12 Any bighorn sheep 8 1 Aug. 15 Aug. 31 Sep. 1 Oct. 31 7 Any ram (5 residents, 2 nonresidents) 9 1 Aug.
    [Show full text]
  • 18607 Ventura Blvd Suite 306 Tarzana, Ca 91356 818-342
    COMPANIES_NAME ADDRESS CSZ PHONE ` 18607 VENTURA BLVD SUITE 306 TARZANA, CA 91356 818-342-2629 1ST DENVER TITLE 8480 E ORCHARD RD #5700 GREENWOOD VILLAGE, CO 80111 720-482-1411 1ST NATIONAL TITLE 9488 UNION SQUARE SANDY, UT 84070 801-208-0025 1ST NATIONAL TITLE 11576 SOUTH STATE STREET DRAPER, UT 84020 801-676-1940 1ST NATIONAL TITLE INSURANCE AGENCY LLC 460 EAST 1000 NORTH NORTH SALT LAKE UT 84054 801-335-0550 1ST OPTION ESCROW, INC. 724 N. BARRANCA AVE., #A COVINA, CA 91723 626-869-0405 1ST POINT SETTLEMENT, LLC 8 BRILLIANT AVE STE 5 PITTSBURGH, PA 15215 412-781-1643 1ST QUALITY TITLE, LLC 3227 MARICAMP ROAD #101 34480 352-690-1787 1ST SIGNATURE SETTLEMENT SERVICES, LLC 6304 KENWOOD AVENUE, SUITE 2A BALTIMORE, MD 21237 410-866-5840 1ST UNITED PLUS ESCROW 18757 BURBANK BLVD., # 201 TARZANA, CA 91356 818-881-0201 1ST UNITED TITLE & ESCROW INC 4811 LEBANON ROAD SUITE 107 HERMITAGE, TN 37076 615-874-2266 1ST WEST ESCROW 2601 FOURTH AVENUE SUITE 110 SEATTLE, WA 98121 206-733-8077 5 STAR ESCROW 2333 BROADWAY, SUITE #210 SANTA ANA, CA 92706 714-866-2141 8RESTON TITLE 5045 LORIMAR #180 PLANO TX 75093 972-608-1888 A. DEAN MILITE ESQUIRE 151 MYSTIC AVENUE SUITE 1 MEDFORD, MA 02155 781-386-0954 A.C.T ESCROW INC. 42231 6TH STREET WEST, SUITE 205 LANCASTER, CA 93534 phone A+ ESCROW 7676 HAZARD CENTER DRIVE #150 SAN DIEGO, CA 92108 619-497-4961 A+ ESCROW 1702 KETTNER BLVD C-1 SAN DIEGO, CA 92101 619-595-1241 A-1 CLOSING INC 1303 N DIVISION , SUITE A SPOKANE, WA 99202 509-927-8848 A-1 ESCROW 333 NORTH ANITA AVENUE #7 ARCADIA, CA 91006 626-447-2117 A-1 TITILE SERVICES-DC 5 MOONCON CIRCLE WALDORF, MD 20602 301-396-9390 A-1 TITLE 5959 SHALLOWFORD ROAD CHATTANOOGA, TN 37421 523-553-8254 AAA TITLE PROFESSIONALS INC.
    [Show full text]
  • Mountain Lakes Guide: Absaroka, Beartooth & Crazies
    2021 MOUNTAIN LAKES GUIDE Silver Lake ABSAROKA - BEARTOOTH & CRAZY MOUNTAINS Fellow Angler: This booklet is intended to pass on information collected over many years about the fishery of the Absaroka-Beartooth high country lakes. Since Pat Marcuson began surveying these lakes in 1967, many individuals have hefted a heavy pack and worked the high country for Fish, Wildlife and Parks. They have brought back the raw data and personal observations necessary to formulate management schemes for the 300+ lakes in this area containing fish. While the information presented here is not intended as a guide for hiking/camping or fishing techniques, it should help wilderness users to better plan their trips according to individual preferences and abilities. Fish species present in the Absaroka-Beartooth lakes include Yellowstone cutthroat trout, brook trout, rainbow trout, golden trout, arctic grayling, and variations of cutthroat/rainbow/golden trout hybrids. These lake fisheries generally fall into two categories: self-sustaining and stocked. Self-sustaining lakes have enough spawning habitat to allow fish to restock themselves year after year. These often contain so many fish that while fishing can be fast, the average fish size will be small. The average size and number of fish present change very little from year to year in most of these lakes. Lakes without spawning potential must be planted regularly to sustain a fishery. Standard stocking in the Beartooths is 50-100 Yellowstone cutthroat trout fingerlings per acre every eight years. Special situations may call for different species, numbers, or frequency of plants. For instance, lakes with heavy fishing pressure tend to be stocked more often and at higher densities.
    [Show full text]
  • A Guide to Birding in Israel & Trip Report for 25 April – 5 May 2019
    A Guide to Birding in Israel & Trip Report for 25th April – 5th May 2019 Trip Report author: Steve Arlow [email protected] Blog for further images: https://stevearlowsbirding.blogspot.com/ Purpose of this Trip Report / Guide I have visited Israel numerous times since spring since 2012 and have produced birding trip reports for each of those visits however for this report I have collated all of my previous useful information and detail, regardless if they were visited this year or not. Those sites not visited this time around are indicated within the following text. However, if you want to see the individual trip reports the below are detailed in Cloudbirders. March 2012 March 2013 April – May 2014 March 2016 April – May 2016 March 2017 April – May 2018 Summary of the Trip This year’s trip in late April into early May was not my first choice for dates, not even my second but it delivered on two key target species. Originally I had wanted to visit from mid-April to catch the Levant Sparrowhawk migration that I have missed so many previous times before however this coincided with Passover holidays in Israel and accommodation was either not available (Lotan) or bonkersly expensive (Eilat) plus the car rental prices were through the roof and there would be holiday makers everywhere. I decided then to return in March and planned to take in the Hula (for the Crane spectacle), Mt. Hermon, the Golan, the Beit She’an Valley, the Dead Sea, Arava and Negev as an all-rounder. However I had to cancel the day I was due to travel as an issue arose at home that I just had to be there for.
    [Show full text]
  • Montana Naturalist
    NatMuONTANAralisWinter 2012-2013t Why can’t we just get along? Hiking Columbia Mountain Birds in Snow Stargazing and More page 9 Connecting People with Nature WINTER 2012-13 MONTANA NATURALIST TO PROMOTE AND CULTIVATE THE APPRECIATION, UNDERSTANDING AND STEWARDSHIP OF NATURE THROUGH EDUCATION inside Winter 2012-2013 NatMuONTANAralist Features 4 Sharing the Land A local non-profit helps make it happen by Caroline Kurtz 6 What Is Wild? Searching for an answer on Columbia Mountain by Matt Holloway 4 Departments 3 Tidings 9 Get Outside Guide What’s that star?; the search for exoplanets; whitebark pine ecology and more Special 6 13 Community Focus Pull-Out Beginning beekeepers, buzzing bees Section 14 Far Afield Snowed In! Birdwatching in a blizzard 16 Imprints 2012 honorees; fall celebration thank yous 18 Magpie Market 9 13 19 Reflections Under the Oak intaglio print by Elizabeth Claire Rose Cover – A Grizzly Bear (Ursus arctos horribilis) feeds along the shore of Yellowstone Lake as a snow storm blows in on a cold Fall afternoon in Yellowstone National Park. Captured with a Canon 7D and 70-200/2.8L IS II in aperture priority mode with an exposure bias of + 2/3 at ISO400, f/2.8, and 1/500th of a second. The camera was handheld. This bear was photographed while leading Rocky Mountain College students on a class trip for ART243 - 14 16 Nature Photography. Photographer Dave Shumway is the staff photographer and adjunct instructor of photography for Rocky Mountain College in Billings, Montana. Dave has two passions, one for the outdoors and one for photography.
    [Show full text]
  • 2020 Recreational Trails Program Project Proposals
    2020 Recreational Trails Program Project Proposals Request RTP Request Organization Name Project Title Project Type Category Amount 1 Absaroka Beartooth Trail Stewardship Program: Hiring & Utilizing Trail Stewards and Non-Motorized Standard $37,522.00 Wilderness Foundation Volunteers to tackle Trail Maintenance projects in the Absaroka- Beartooth Wilderness Area 2 Anaconda Community Washoe Park Trail Phase II: Restoration on 0.13 miles of the trail of Non-Motorized Standard $33,221.24 Foundation a mile-long trail network in Anaconda-Deer Lodge 3 Back Country Horsemen of Volunteer Trail Maintenance on the CDT: Maintain the Continental Diversified Standard $66,300.00 Montana Divide National Scenic Trail in Montana and feeder trails 4 Beartooth Recreational Trails Winter Trail Maintenance: Winter Grooming on 5.3 miles of West Diversified Standard $20,000.00 Association Fork Road and 9.3 miles of trails on Aspen Ridge Ranch near Red Lodge 5 Big Sandy, Town of Town of Big Sandy Safe Route to Schools Project: Construction of Non-Motorized Standard $60,560.00 0.3 miles of trail connecting F. E. Miley Elementary School to existing trail infrastructure in Big Sandy 6 Big Sky Community Improvements to the Ousel Falls/US Forest Service Yellowmules Non-Motorized Standard $55,000.00 Organization trailhead to add infrastructure and improve land stewardship 7 Billings, City of Manufacture and installation of 105 wayfinding signs covering Non-Motorized Standard $36,390.00 nearly 10.5 miles of trails in Billings 8 Bitter Root Land Trust, Inc. Acquisition
    [Show full text]
  • ILH MAP 2014 Site Copy
    Syria 99 a Mt.Hermon M 98 rail Odem Lebanon T O Rosh GOLAN HEIGHTS 98 Ha-Nikra IsraelNational 90 91 C Ha-Khula 899 Tel Hazor Akhziv Ma’alot Tarshiha 1 Nahariya 89 89 Katzrin More than a bed to sleep in! L. 4 3 888 12 Vered Hagalil 87 Clil Yehudiya Forest Acre E 85 5 4 Almagor 85 85 6 98 Inbar 90 Gamla 70 Karmiel Capernaum A 807 79 GALILEE 65 -212 meters 92 Givat Yoav R 13 -695 11 2 70 79 Zippori 8 7 75 Hilf Tabash 77 2 77 90 75 Nazareth 767 Khamat Israel’s Top 10 Nature Reserves & National Parks 70 9 Yardenit Gader -IS Mt. Carmel 10 Baptismal Site 4 Yoqneam Irbid Hermon National Park (Banias) - A basalt canyon hiking trail leading Nahal 60 S Me’arot to the largest waterfall in Israel. 70 Afula Zichron Ya’acov Megiddo 65 90 Yehudiya Forest Nature Reserve - Come hike these magnicent 71 trails that run along rivers, natural pools, and waterfalls. 60 Beit Alfa Jisr Az-Zarqa 14 6 Beit 65 Gan Shean Zippori National Park - A site oering impressive ruins and Caesarea Um El-Fahm Hashlosha Beit mosaics, including the stunning “Mona Lisa of the Galilee”. 2 Shean Jordan TEL Hadera 65 River Jenin Crossing Caesarea National Park - Explore the 3500-seat theatre and 6 585 S other remains from the Roman Empire at this enchanting port city. Jarash 4 Jerusalem Walls National Park - Tour this amazing park and view Biblical 60 90 Netanya Jerusalem from the city walls or go deep into the underground tunnels.
    [Show full text]
  • The Archean Geology of Montana
    THE ARCHEAN GEOLOGY OF MONTANA David W. Mogk,1 Paul A. Mueller,2 and Darrell J. Henry3 1Department of Earth Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 2Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 3Department of Geology and Geophysics, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana ABSTRACT in a subduction tectonic setting. Jackson (2005) char- acterized cratons as areas of thick, stable continental The Archean rocks in the northern Wyoming crust that have experienced little deformation over Province of Montana provide fundamental evidence long (Ga) periods of time. In the Wyoming Province, related to the evolution of the early Earth. This exten- the process of cratonization included the establishment sive record provides insight into some of the major, of a thick tectosphere (subcontinental mantle litho- unanswered questions of Earth history and Earth-sys- sphere). The thick, stable crust–lithosphere system tem processes: Crustal genesis—when and how did permitted deposition of mature, passive-margin-type the continental crust separate from the mantle? Crustal sediments immediately prior to and during a period of evolution—to what extent are Earth materials cycled tectonic quiescence from 3.1 to 2.9 Ga. These compo- from mantle to crust and back again? Continental sitionally mature sediments, together with subordinate growth—how do continents grow, vertically through mafi c rocks that could have been basaltic fl ows, char- magmatic accretion of plutons and volcanic rocks, acterize this period. A second major magmatic event laterally through tectonic accretion of crustal blocks generated the Beartooth–Bighorn magmatic zone assembled at continental margins, or both? Structural at ~2.9–2.8 Ga.
    [Show full text]
  • ELAL Guide to Haifa Israel Frequent Flyer Club
    2 Flight Status Australia EN Passenger Information TravelELAL guide to Haifa Israel Frequent Flyer Club Login Accessibility Haifa​​​​ - A Thriving Hub of Cultures, History, and Scenery Haifa, the third largest city in Israel, and the largest one in northern Israel, is a thriving hub of cultures, history, and some of the country’s most beautiful scenery. Built along the Mediterranean and atop the Carmel Range, Haifa is dripping with greenery and natural flora and fauna anywhere you look. Get To Know Haifa Since ancient times and up until today, Haifa is one of the country’s two main port towns, with much of the Israel’s imported goods passing through its gates. Haifa’s geographical conditions - plain by the sea and hilly and steep as you head up; divide the city into two main parts - downtown and uptown, both internally divided again into many different suburbs and neighborhoods. Each area of Haifa is uniquely characterized - the city’s downtown, in close proximity to the port, is much more industrial, grubby and commerce-oriented, yet full of some of the city’s best restaurants, pubs and night clubs. Predominantly Arab, this authentic part of town preserved some of its historical nature, both in its culture and its architecture; beautiful, old, dilapidated buildings dating back to the Ottoman Empire years, are dotted all throughout, amidst some of Israel’s finest Arab restaurants and eateries. As you head up towards the city's uptown part, the stunning scenery of Haifa’s Bay is revealed in all its glory. The city’s uptown neighborhoods are relatively newer, most of which are draped in local flora and fauna, making for beautiful drives around the city, as well as a green balance for the heavy pollution downtown.
    [Show full text]