26 - Keilschriftforschung, OLZG 113-1 (2018) DE GRUYTER

Mouton, Alice / Rutherford, Ian / Ya kubovich, llya (Hg.): Stephen Durnford presents a discussion of ethnonyms luwian Identities. Culture, Language and Religion Be­ in ancient , concentrating on Luwi(ya). He claims tween Anatolia and the Aegean. Leiden/Boston: Brill that the use of the determinative URU, "settlement," with 2013. VII, 604 S. m. Abb. 8° = Culture and History of the this term despite the fact that no town Luwi(ya) is attested, Ancient 64. Hartbd. € 192,00. ISBN 978-90-04- shows that the Hittite scribes recognized the Luwian re­ 25279·0. gion as a "full polit[y]" (p. 48).7 This is disproven by their

Besprochen von Gary Beckman: Ann Arbor/ USA regular usage of (KUR) uRuKaska for the territory of their E-mail: [email protected] troublesome northern neighbors, who definitely belonged to a pre-state society. The referred to their own https:// doi.org / 10.1515/ olzg-2018-0007 polity as / (utne)/, "(Land of) !Iattusa," written (KUR) uRu ijattusas/ijatti. 8 That is, the state could be given Spurred by the work of David Hawkins, particularly the same name as its capital city. From this very frequently his masterful edition of the "Nee-Hittite" Luwian inscrip­ encountered sequence of signs arose the scribal practice tions (CLHI I1), as well as by the collective volume The of regularly prefixing names of political entities with , z a conference was held in Reading in June 2011 KUR uRu; thus KUR URUMizri, "Egypt," or KUR uRuKaska. on the language, history, and archaeology of the "other" It has often been maintained that by the time of the major people of Late Bronze and Early Anatolia. 3 Empire period, Luwian had become the dominant tongue This volume presents the proceedings of that gathering: in Hatti, with Nesite (Hittite) relegated to a language of nineteen essays (all in English) plus an introduction by administration.9 Mark Weeden approaches this matter the editors. As is to be expected, the contributions vary in through an analysis of the Luwian and Hittite onomastica quality, and while most focus on the cultures of as represented by the Hieroglyphic seal impressions. After the second millennium, a number deal primarily with the observing that the corpus of names presented here does interaction of the later speakers of 4 not correspond very closely to those documented in the with their Greek neighbors. I will comment here on those cuneiform texts, 10 he determines the linguistic affinity of that most caught my attention as a Hittitologist. these personal names, demonstrating that the Luwian In his article, David Hawkins presents what is essen­ monikers greatly outnumber the Hittite (p. 83). This, along tially a review of llya Yakubovich's revised dissertation.5 with the increasing number of Luwian lexemes and even taking issue with the latter's challenge to the received grammatical formants found in Hittite documents of the view that the far west - a referred to as thirteenth century, suggests that the state language was during later Hittite history - was the original home of the indeed losing currency as the vernacular.11 Luwians in Anatolia. A key piece of evidence here is the In the longest essay in the volume, Rostislav Oreshko replacement of the geographic term "Luwiya" in § 19 of argues for the existence of a "distinctive scribal school the older manuscript of the Hittite Laws by "Arzawa" in a outside Hatti" (p. 388) employing the Hieroglyphic Lu­ later copy. Hawkins demonstrates that Yakubovich's at­ wian script, adducing a significant number of differences tempt to dismiss this equation is based upon a series of in the inscriptions of western Anatolia from those found in misunderstandings of modern commentators on the da­ and elsewhere in central Hatti (pp. 400 f.). He maged ancient tablet.6

interchange of place names is not in any case crucial to his larger argument about the early distribution of Luwian settlement (pp. 1 J. D. Hawkins, The Hieroglyphic Luwian Inscriptions of the Iron 112-14). Age (Berlin 2000). 7 His mention of a "nation state" is anachronistic. 2 H. C. Melchert, ed., The Luwians (Leiden 2003). 8 See A. Kanunenhuber, Altkleinasiatische Sprachen (Leiden 1969), 3 Hawkins himself refers to this meeting and its publication as "an­ 122- 27. other milestone in Luwian Studies" (p. 39). 9 See, for example, H. Klengel, Geschichte des Hethitischen Reiches 4 See for example, the essays of Alan M. Greaves on the ivories ex­ (Leiden 1999), 309. cavated at the Artemesion at and ofAlexander Herta on Car­ 10 Of the 459 identifiable non-royal names on seal(ing)s, 269 are not ians in Greek sources. For a list of all contributions, see the table of found on tablets (p. 75). conten ts: hllp://www.brill.com/ luwian-identities#TOC_l. 11 In her contribution here Susanne Gorke shows that the instruc­ 5 Sociolinguistics of the Luvian Language (Leiden 2010). tions newly composed for worship in the city of Nerik (CTH 671, 6 For his part, Yakubovich replies in an appendix to his contribution 672) after its recovery by the Hittites in the early thirteenth century to this book (pp. 108-21). While not rebutting Hawkins' explanation reveal extensive Luwian linguistic influence, in the form of Glossen­ of the history of study of§ 19 of the Laws, he now maintains that the keilworter.

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even suggests that the Hittites were not the original "pro­ Bartl, Peter Vinzenz: Die Ritzverzierungen au{ den Re­ pagators" of this writing system. A conclusion on this lieforthostaten AssurnaJirpa/s II. aus Kal!;u. Darmstadt: question awaits the discovery of additional evidence. Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft 2014. XXVI, 191 S., 49 In an art-historical contribution, Sanna Aro compares Abb., 3 Tab., 46 Taf. 4° = Baghdader Forschungen 25. Lw. the sculpture and accompanying Hieroglyphic inscrip­ € 79,90. ISBN 978·3-8053-4843-0. tions from dating to the Late Bronze to those Besprochen von Eva-Andrea Braun-Holzinger, Frankfurt/ Ma in / of the Early Iron Age, demonstrating that while the rulers Deutsch land, E-Mail: [email protected] of the tenth-century Suhi-Katuwa dynasty made use of https:// doi.org/10.1515/ olzg-2018-0008 artistic traditions developed under the earlier Anatolian empire, they also adopted elements of local northern Ritzverzierungen auf den Reliefs des Assurna~irpal II. aus Syrian origin for their monuments. Within the strictly local dem Nordwest-Palast von Nimrud wurde seit ihrer Ent­ context there is not much earlier material with which to deckung einige Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt; so hat schon approach this problem, since Late Carchemish der Ausgraber Layard 1849 (Mon. Nin. I) viele in Um­ seems not to have been located beneath the Iron Age le­ zeichnungen vorgelegt und beschrieben. Auf die Proble­ vels excavated by the British (pp. 249-52). Nonetheless, on matik dieser keineswegs getreuen Zeichnungen, auf die stylistic grounds Aro identifies a number of older relief sich seither jegliche Behandlung dieser Verzierungen slabs that had later been reused (pp. 252-53). Her most stiitzte, hat jedoch erst 1971 J. V. Canby (Iraq 33, 31- 35) interesting idea is that the absence of cuneiform inscrip­ aufmerksam gemacht; 2005 hat Vf. (Iraq 67, 17- 29) dann tions in first-millennium Carchemish may indicate that ebenfalls einige Zeichnungen Layards eigenen Neu­ her rulers had abandoned the use of this medium aufnahmen gegeniibergestellt und minutii:is dargelegt, (p. 260).12 wie sehr Layard verandert und rekonstruiert hat. Finally, I mention two further archaeological pieces. Vf. hat nun, fuBend auf seiner Magisterarbeit, eine Meltem Dogan-i\lparslan and Metin Alparslan publish a Monographie vorgelegt, die zwar, wie er hervorhebt, bei newly-discovered Hieroglyphic inscription on a rock face weitem nicht alle Ritzzeichnungen beriicksichtigen near the village ofTamr in Kahramanmara~ province. The konnten; jedoch hatte er Zugang zu einem groEen Tei! der text is largely illegible, but the authors suggest that it is Reliefs in europaischen und amerikanischen Museen, somehow connected to a stream or spring in the im­ konnte dort neue Umzeichnungen anfertigen, teilweise mediate vicinity. selbst photographieren und auch auf schon vorhandene And Nicolas Postgate and Adam Stone report on a Photographien zugreifen. So ist es auch, wenn man diesen structure uncovered during their excavations at Kilise Band aufschlagt, zunachst der Abbildungsteil, der faszi­ Tepe in the Goksu valley in . Dubbed the "Stele niert: ausgezeichnete Detailaufnahmen und auch exakte Building" after a large shattered stone found therein, the Umzeichnungen. Gerne hatte man mehr als diese 46 Ta­ edifice was destroyed about the time of the collapse of feln gesehen. Hatti (c. 1200 B.C.E.). It seems to have served primarily as Tabelle I bietet einen sehr informativen Kompakt· an administrative center, but various foundation depos­ katalog aller Orthostaten, der zwar weitgehend auf den its-including an entire tortoise shell (p. 197) - suggest that Katalogen von J. Meuszynski1 und S. M. Paley/ R. P. So­ it also had a cultic function (as a "Luwian Shrine"). bolewski2 fuEt, jedoch zusatzlich genaue Informationen The editors are to be congratulated on the high stan­ zu den Ritzzeichnungen bietet. dard of editing and proof-reading on display in this In der Kurzfassung (S. XXlll f.) wird das, was iibli­ lengthy and often very technical volume. It should be ac­ cherweise in der Einleitung und der Zusammenfassung quired by research collections with a focus on the ancient steht, sehr prazise formuliert: Fragestellung, Vorgehens­ Near East, but its exorbitant price argues against its pur­ weise und die wichtigsten Ergebnisse: Bei der Textil­ chase by individual scholars. dekoration stand nicht die realistische Wiedergabe im Vordergrund, sondern die Bedeutung/Wirkung der Ver-

12 Her assertion that the practice o[ adding inscriptions to reliefs on l J. Meuszynski, Die Rekonstruktion der Reliefdarstellungen und lh­ walls or rock faces "must be something that the Hittites probably took rer Anordnung im Nordwestpalast von Kalbu (Nimrud) (1981). over from Egypt" (p. 239, my italics), is - besides confusing - uncer­ 2 S. M. Paley / R. P. Sobolewski, The Reconstruction of the Relief tain, since one can easily imagine this development as an indepen­ representations and their Positions in the Northwest Palace at Kalhu dent innovation. (Nimni.d) II (1987).

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