September 17, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29967 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS CHAffiMAN SAM PHILOSOPffiZES THE GROWING CRIME STATISTIC: alone tn the older sections of the cities YOUTHS PREYING ON ELDERLY where crime rates are likely to be highest. The effect is to thrust the elderly up against their most frequent attacker-the HON. JOE L. EVINS HON. MARIO BIAGGI idle urban youth. OF TENNESSEE Statistics show, according to Cunningham, OF NEW YORK that crimes against persons are committed IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES predominantly by persons 18 to 24 years old, Monday, September 17, 1973 and about half of all crimes against prop Monday, September 17, 1973 erty are by youths under 18. Mr. EVINS of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker. Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, a report re MRI researchers found that even higher the Knoxville News-Sentinel in a recent cently released by a private research in percentages of youths were involved in the editorial comments on the wise philo crimes they studied. stitute indicates that growing numbers of "The overwhelming motivation is money," sophical observations of Senator SAM our elderly citizens are falling victim to ERVIN, chairman of the Senate Select said Cunningham, "but it is also obvious crime in our cities. This report contains that crime offers tremendous stimulation. Committee on Presidential Campaign Ac some shocking statistics: In a study of Otherwise, why risk your future for a couple tivities. over 1,000 crimes in Kansas City com of dollars?" Certainly the comments of "Chairman mitted against elderly persons, almost 25 Cunningham noted a preliminary high SAM" reflect much wisdom and the con percent of these crimes resulted in physi level of violence in the police reports. One science of America. Many of Senator cal harm to the victim. youth pistol-whipped an elderly man and ERVIN'S sage remarks will be recorded in said he did it "to let him know I wasn't However, a more unnerving statistic is joking." history, because his percept~ve insight that more than half of these crimes are puts the Watergate scandals m perspec Burglary victims often told interviewers committed by youths under 18, and of they were sure the burglaries were commit tive-Senator ERVIN has a deep sense of these criminals, most of them lived in the ted by youthful offenders living in their own history and morality. same neighborhood as the victim. neighborhoods. In many burglaries it ap Because of the interest of my col These statistics should indicate that peared more an act of malicious destruction leagues and the American people in this we, as a nation, must begin to take strong than the theft of valuables. most important matter, I place the edi "It is important to note the changes some torial from the Knoxville News-Sentinel action to protect our senior citizens. victims reported in their living habits soon in the RECORD: Some of the recommendations of the re after the crime was committed," Cunning port would serve as a beginning step in ham said. BE NOT DECEIVED this needed commitment. One woman abandoned her home after she Sen. Sam J. Ervin, Jr. (D-N.C.)-who has Some of the more important recom was assaulted there in a burglary. Others been described variously as a crusty old con abandon their lifestyles, fearing the bus stop, stitutionalist and an "old school" gentleman mendations include a massive public re lations effort aimed at informing the the walk to the store, the park they used to fond of illustrative quotes and anecdotes frequent. has chaired his Watergate investigation com senior citizen of measures which should "It is plain that in the minds of the vic mittee with poise and dignity. be taken to prevent the occurrence of tims who have been contacted thus far, the Now he bas added to that distinction by crime. losses they have suffered are relatively in delivering what may stand as the most suc Mr. Speaker, I would like to include at consequential to the anxiety and fear of re cinct and searing judgment of the entire this point in the RECORD the full account peated invasion the crime generated," Cun mess that we will ever hear. ningham said. "These people are unable, un At the close of testimony Thursday by of this report as published in the Long Island Press: willing to retaliate." Frederick C. LaRue, the Mississippi million The analyst beiieves crime is at a level aire who has pleaded guilty to conspiracy to GROWING CRIME STATISTIC: YOUTHS "totally unacceptable to the general good" obstruct justice in the Watergate cover-up, PREYING ON ELDERLY and that the elderly are "locked into an envi Ervin quietly and thoughtfully said: (By Constance E. Slough) ronment inimical to their security." "I can't resist the temptation to philoso KANSAS CrrY, Mo.-Increasingly, America's A solution, he says, is relocation, but that phize just a little bit about the Watergate. elderly people are crime victims. And more is impossible for the majority. The evidence thus far indicates-tends to often than not it is a case of the young The MRI study suggests possible methods show-that men upon whom fortune has preying on the old. to alleviate the vulnerability of the elderly, smiled beneficently and who possessed great These are the findings of a year-old study including: financial power, great political power and by .the Midwest Research Institute. Says Improved security of residences, either by great governmental power, undertook to Carl L. Cunningham, an MRI social analyst better planning in n ew housing or by public nullify the laws of man and the laws of God who is directing the study: assistance in securing existing structures. for the purpose of gaining what history will "The ferocity and intensity of crimes be Reappraisal of "the intergenerational call a very temporary political advantage. ing committed against the elderly reffect "The evidence also indicates that just pos neighborhood." housing arrangement. virtually the full range of crimes against per Increased vigilance. sibly the efforts to nullify the laws of man sons of any age. might have succeeded, if it had not been for a A public information program. The MRI "The elderly are being victimized in pro group plans to publish a handbook on se courageous Federal judge, Judge (John J.) portion to their numbers in the population Sirica, and a very untiring set of investiga at large." curity and probaoly will suggest films and tive reporters. But I come from a state like Funded by the Administration of the Aging public television announcements aimed at the state of Mississippi where they have great under the Department of Health, Education, the elderly. faith in the fact that the laws of God are and Welfare, Cunningham and his staff have A foster homes program, Cunningham be imparted in the King James Version of the studied more than 1,000 Kansas City police lieves that such relocation would provide Bible. And I think that those who partici reports on serious crimes against elderly stimulation and some companionship as well pated in this effort to nullify the laws of man victims. as a higher level of safety. and the laws of God overlooked one of the Advanced age certainly is no protector: Special security patrols. laws of God which is set forth in the Sev One death, five rapes and 22 assaults were re Escorted shopping trips, mobile check enth Verse of the Sixth Chapter of Gala corded in the reports. Of the total 1,000 cases, tians: 'Be not deceived. God is not mocked. cashing services and issuance of electronic 58 per cent involved burglary, 23 per cent distress devices. For whatsoever a man soweth, that shall he robbery and 14 per cent larceny. also reap'." "No single solution will work," Cunning Cunningham believes the pattern in Kan ham said. He stressed the need for short Nobody knows how many-if any-of sas City holds true across the United States, "those who participated" in the appalling varying as area crime rates dip or rise. term action aimed at alleviating the prob Watergate scandal will be required to pay a "It is important to consider the relative lem while long-range solutions are sought. penalty under the laws of man. But the gen effect of crime on the victim," Cunningham "It is no exaggeration," Cunningham said, tleman from North Carolina is surely right in said. "The evidence is overwhelming that the "that the quality of life of hundreds of thou his belief that they will pay in the long run aging crime victims, as a group, suffer most." sands of elderly persons is today being dras in the public disgrace that they have earned, Victimization has increased with urbani tically degraded by virtue of crime and the 1! nothing more. zation. The elderly are more likely to llve threat of it." 29968 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 17, 1973 MURDER BY HANDGUN: THE CASE It was also later revealed that, as well as eluded development and expansion of FOR GUN CONTR0~20 the heart, Moore's kidneys were removed as springs, reservoirs, and irrigation systems potential transplant organs. One kidney was and improvement of brush-covered pastures flown to Vancouver, British Columbia, ·while for grazing. This work fitted well into the the other went to a San Francisco Hospital. plans taking form in the minds of Bruce and HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON Elna Barron. OF MASSACHUSETTS After getti.ng advice from the Soil Con IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES servation Service about land capability and Monday, September 17, 1973 THE BARRONS OF OX-SHOE RANCH alternate land uses, the Barrons plunged themselves into the work of improving the Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, Mr. rodeo arena and other recreation facilities Samuel Moore has done a great thing; on the ranch. he has helped save a life. His heart has HON. HAROLD T. JOHNSON It had been a fitting gesture of western · been transplanted to give someone a bet OF CALIFORNIA hospitality to provide-for a fee, of course IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a beef-bean barbecue for the rodeo partici ter chance for living. But the enormity pants and spectators. But dust and :flies from of the heart transplant almost obscures Monday, September 17, 1973 the rodeo grounds made the original barbe the fact that Sam Moore died from a .22 Mr. JOHNSON of California. Mr. cue pit and serving grounds highly unsuit caliber bullet in the brain. His friend able. The Barrons found an ideal spot just Speaker, I would like to take this op below the rodeo arena where a small crooked who had been charged with assault has portunity to acquaint my colleagues with now been charged with murder. Moore's stream made its way through a brushy val a fine example of individual achieve ley. cause of death will be disputed in the ment in the field of resource conserva There were drawbacks, however-dense courts. But no question would have arisen tion and recreation development. This vegetation, downed logs, and rotting tree if a handgun had not been used to kill particular project is the Lassen Ox-Shoe stumps. Sam Moore. I would like at this time Ranch that was developed in cooperation Barron manned an ancient bulldozer for to include the September 14 article from with the Soil Conservation Service of the his task. He carefully avoided damage to the the Washington Post: Department of Agriculture. stream and the clumps of alders along its MURDER VICTIM'S HEART TRANSPLANTED banks. When he finished, he had a shady Bruce and Elna Barron, owners of the 2-acre island, with the stream tumbling on SAN FRANCISCO, Sept. 13.-The heart of a ranch, purchased what was formerly the either side, as the place for serving the bar murdered 29-year-old man was rushed by Manton Frontier Days Rodeo, a piece of becue. helicopter 40 miles Wednesday for a heart land located on the eastern side of Las At the lower end of the island, Barron transplant operation-after two days of ar deepened the stream to obtain fill for a small guments over whether or not he was dead. sen Volcanic Peak in the California Cascades. The Barrons had originally dam. He thereby created a fish pond, which The recipient, a 52-year-old retired con he now stocks regularly with trout. struction engineer who wished to remain intended to use the land for cattle rais Where he cleared brush, shaped the anonymous, was reported to be in satisfac ing, but later decided to transform it streambank, and built the dam~ Barron tory condition after four hours of surgery into a recreation ranch. planted perennial grasses to keep the soil in at Stanford Medical Center. In developing the ranch, the Barrons place and to add to the beauty of the setting. It was the first time that famed. Stanford have cooperated fully with the Soil Con Barron ran across a big waterwheel one heart surgeon Dr. Norman Shumway had op day while pursuing runaway cows. He sal erated without having the donor body in his servation Service. The conservation plan for the ranch included development and vaged the wheel, which had been used in operating room. Of the 62 persons who have years past to power a home hydroelectric received new hearts at Stanford, 24 are still expansion of springs, reservoirs and ir plant, and fitted it to a shaft to turn his living. rigation systems, and improvement of barbecue spit. Now hundreds of pounds of The helicopter transfer from Oakland's brush-covered pastures for grazing. The beef can be roasted at a time with little Highland Hospital took about 20 to 25 min Soil Conservation Service also provided effort. utes, according to a Stanford spokesman. the Barrons with information on land The Barrons, seeing the growing popular "The heart can remain viable outside the ity of their new venture, decided to sell part body in a cold saline solution for up to two capability and alternate land-use stu dies. of the ranch and concentrate on their recre hours," the spokesman said. ation park. Shumway flew to Highland Hospital to end The efforts of the Barrons illustrate They added a combination nature trail the legal and medical dispute and to re the constructive role played by the Soil and bridle path along a large stream, which move the heart from Samuel Moore, who had Conservation Service in their work with flows parallel to their 3,500-foot airstrip. been in a coma since Monday with a .22 cali individual farmers and ranchers to con They constructed a pond at the west end of ber bullet in his brain. structively conserve our land and water the airstrip where the nature trail terminates. A friend of Moore's, A. D. Lyons, 43, had resources. I would like to commend the Aside from their annual rodeo, which is been charged with assaulting him with a. affiliated with Western Appr_oved Rodeos and deadly weapon. That charge will now be Barrons for their fine efforts in respon sibly developing their ranch in coopera has received full championship status, the changed to murder. Barrons now restrict use of the park and Although Moore's mother, Mrs. Dolores tion with the Department of Agriculture. its facilities to organized groups for week Moore, gave permission for the heart trans At this time I would like to include the end outings. This allows time for watering plant, his body had remained at Highland following article entitled "The Barrons and grooming the park and lets the grass Hospital-his brain dead but his heart still of Ox-Shoe Ranch" that was written by recover from trampling feet. beating with the help of a heart machine. Mr. Warren W. Brown, the district con The Barrons believe that anyone having a Roland Prahl, Alameda County chief dep feeling for the environment can create an uty coroner, had two problems. He wanted servationist of the Soil Conservation Service in Red Bluff, Calif.: outdoor recreation facility that blends into to do an autopsy, and cutting off the power the natural surroundings. supply and thus stopping the heart might THE BARRONS OF Ox-SHOE RANCH Little capital outlay is needed, they claim, mean Moore's death was not murder. The Lassen Ox-Shoe Ranch, in the Morn provided you spread the work out over a A Texas court recently threw out a mur ing shadow of towering Lassen Volcanic long period and do a great deal of the work der indictment because hospital authorities Peak in the California Cascades, was built by yourself-beef, beans, and bronc busters help had disconnected the life-support apparatus beef, beans, and bronc busters, its owners too. in a similarly hopeless case. The cause of like to point out. death was held to be in dispute. It is a venture the Barrons recommend, The Barrons, Bruce and Elna, bought the if you have a dream like theirs. Finally, with the agreement of District ranch in 1960, meaning to go into the cattle Attorney Lowell Jensen, Prahl agreed to the raising business. heart being removed. The ranch was already the home of the "As long as Dr. Shumway has a patient Manton Frontier Days Rodeo. Conceivably it ready to receive the heart of this man," was the presence of the rodeo arena that MISMANAGEMENT OF THE REVE Prahl said, "we will make an exception." soon had the Barrons thinking about turn- NUE SHARING PROGRAM There was one more hurdle, Santa Clara ing the place into a recreation ranch. County coroner John Hauser, who has juris Even before he made his down payment, diction over the Stanford Center, refused to Barron called at the office of the Lassen View HON. MARJORIE S. HOLT sign a death certificate if the operation was Resource Conservation District in Red Bluff. OF MARYLAND performed on a homicide victim. The previous owners of the ranch had been IN T~ HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES That was overcome by pronouncing Moore cooperators with the district, and Barron Monday, September 17, 1973 dead at Highland Hospital in Alameda promptly signed up to continue the con County, removing the heart there and fly servation work. Mrs. HOLT. Mr. Speaker, today I am ing it to Stanford. The conservation plan for the ranch in· introducing legislation which is designed September 17, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS- 29969 to provide some relief to lccal govern "(1) the amount required for such entitle service provided to Cornwall by the li ments which have recently suffered from ment period to be repaid to the Trust Fund brary association. by such unit by reason of administrative I would like to take this opportunity to bureaucratic mismanagement of the rev error (including error in the computation enue sharing program. of population statistics), over wish the association a very happy 106th While I fully support the concept of "(2) 10 percent of the total amount paid birthday. revenue sharing, I think changes in the under section 102 to such unit for such en m2,nagement of this program g.re neces titlement period ( computed without regard sary. In e;arly July 1973, the Office of to such amount required to be repaid)." COLORADO RIVER SALINITY CON Revenue Sharing completed a data veri SEC. 2. The amendment made by the first TROL BILL ENDORSED section of this Act shall apply with respect fication process which revealed wide to entitlement periods beginning on or after spread use of inaccurate data during the July 1, 1972. HON. CRAIG HOSMER first, second, and third entitlement peri OF CALIFORNIA ods. This has resulced in substantial re visions in allocations tc counties and IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES CORNWALL LIBRARY ASSOCIA Monday, September 17, 1973 municipalities throughout the country. TION-106 YEARS OLD The State of Maryland was extremely Mr. HOSMER. Mr. Speaker, there is hard hit with over 120 units of local gov reproduced below the resolution of the ernment teing forced to pay the price of California Water Resources Association administrative errors witi1in the Treas HON. ELLA T. GRASSO endorsing bills before this body intro ury Department. OF CONNECTICUT duced by myself and others to control The city of Annapolis, which is the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES salt discharges into the Colorado River capital of Maryland and located in my Monday, September 17, 1973 and thereby improve the quality of its district, wa~ devastated by this action. Mrs. GRASSO. Mr. Speaker, in August, waters as they proceed downstream. The In early July, they were informed that objective of these bills is not to be con due to the use of incorrect data by the the Cornwall Library Association, which operates the oldest and most widely used fused with that of the proposal found Office of Revenue Sharing they were in the recent United States/Mexico Colo overpaid by $242,315. The city's fiscal library in the town-the Cornwall Free Library on Pine Street-celebrated its rado River Salinity Agreement which is year. began on July 1 G.nd the $242,000 specially designed to improve the qual was mcluded in the approved fiscal year 106th anniversary. ity of waters of the Colorado River as 1974 budget. In addition, this re!.)rerents Throughout its distinguished history, the association through the benevolence they pass the International Boundary 50 percent of Annapolis' total revenue into Mexico from California. Both prop sharing alloc~tion. of its membership has provided Corn wall and its residents with an ever im ositions need to be carried forward and The effect of this "give and take" ap they should be carried forward together proach by the Federal Government is ob proving sow·ce of valuable information, wholesome enjoyment, and deep fulfill in an integrated fashion. vious. It has created havoc in local pian The resolution follows: ning operations and has increased the ment. RESOLUTION OF THE CALIFORNIA WATER RE• distrust of local officials in revenue shar The people of Cornwall have always SOURCES ASSOCIATION ing as an alternative to categorical grant had a very great appreciation for the new Proposed Federal legislation (Bills Nos. programs. worlds that books can open, especially for H.R. 7774, H.R. 7775 and S. 1807), designed . The bill that I am introducing today children. In this realization, they have to help alleviate the Colorado River salinity 1s designed to mitigate the adverse ef followed a tradition in Connecticut which problem by controlling natural salt dis fects of large scale readjustments of nv recognizes the need in each town for a charges into the river and implementing enue sharing funds. This bill will limit large collection of books and other farm management practices to reduce saline readjustments to a maximum of 10 per printed material within easy access to return flows, are pending in Congress. the people. Dating from colonial times, These bills would: cent of the total allocation to a specific Provide for maintenance of Colorado River governmental entity. The 10 percent this tradition is founded on the belief salinity at or below levels set forth in "Con ceili~g on readjustments is retroactively that enrichment of the mind is a noble clusions and Recommendations" of the ~_)phed to July 1, 1972. This will apply pursuit. Seventh Session of the Conference in the only to jurisdictions which have been The library of the Cornwall Library Matter of the Interstate Waters of the Colo overpaid; underpaid governments will Association has served as a center of rado River and Its Tributaries; still be entitled to their full payment. learning, culture and enjoyment ever Authorize construction of control units at since it began operation in the late 1860's. La Verkin Springs, Paradox Valley and Grand I would like at this timt: to insert a Valley as the initial stage of the Colorado copy of the text of this bill: When first organized in 1867, the library River Basin Salinity Control Program; A bill to amend the State and Local Fiscal was housed in a private home, but was Expedite completion of planning reports Assistance Act of 1972 to provide for cer moved in 1874 to the office of Frederick on those salinity control projects described tain adjustment payments to compensate Kellogg, Esq. Finally, in 1908 the build in Secretary of Interior's Report "Colorado for amounts required to be repaid by units ing in which the library is now located River Water Quality Improvement Program, of local governments by reason of admin was erected by J. E. Calhoun as a memo February 1972," and the saline water collec istrative error tion system of Las Vegas, Wash; Be it enac_ted by the Senate and House of rial to his father and brother. Growing in most years at the rate of Direct cooperation between the Secretaries Representatives of the United States of of Interior and Agriculture in carrying out _ America in Congress assembled, That sub 100 volumes a year, the library boasted research and demonstration projects and in title A of title I of the State and Local Fis 5,000 volumes in 1926, and now has ap implementing farm management practices cal Assistance Act of 1972 is amended by proximately 10,446 with 6,861 adult books furthering the salinity control program. adding at the end thereof the following new and 3,585 books for children. It was agreed that implementation of the section: Some of the past presidents of the li recommended program would arrest a de "SEC. 110. ADMINISTRATIVE ERROR ADJUST brary association have been Dr. B. B. teriorating water quality trend on the Colo MENT PAYMENTS North, the Reverend S. J. White, George rado River in which the average salinity at "(a) Authorization of Payments.-In addi L. Minor, Miss Charlotte E. Clarke, and Parker Dam can be expected to rise to 1100 tion to any amounts authorized to be paid ppm by the year 2000 ( 1300 ppm at Imperial) to a unit of local government under section the Reverend E. C. Starr. The current unless salinity control measures are under 102, the Secretary shall, for each entitlement president is J.C. Hemingway. Librarians taken, and help remedy relations with Mexico period, pay out of the Trust Fund to each were Mrs. Harriet C. Munson, Miss Mary occasioned by the high salinity of water en unit of local government an amount equal J. Whitney, Miss Emily E. Marsh, and tering Mexico. to the administrative error adjustment Mrs. Charlotte Wentworth. Cornwall's Now therefore be it resolved by the Board amount for such entitlement period. present librarian, Mrs. Hildreth Daniel of Directors of the California Water Re "(b) Defi:.1ition of Administrative Error has been with the association since 1964'. sources Association that Congress be urged to Adjustment Amount.-For purposes of this support H.R. 774, H.R. 775 and S. 1807 for section, the term 'administrative error ad At the present time, the library serves passage at this session. justment amount means, with respect to any as a display area for monthly exhibits of But it further resolved that copies of this unit of local government for any entitlement artists, photographers, and sculptors resolution be sent to California's Congres period, the excess o!- adding still another dimension to th~ sional delegation, to the Secretaries of In- 29970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 17, 1973 terior and Agriculture, and to the Commis Now, however, health workers no longer out the whip's duties. Hale Boggs was a sioner of the Bureau of Reclamation. appeal to people to have fewer children for true leader of great competence and their own sake as well as the country's inter ability. ests. Now people are being told that they will have fewer children or must face conse Hale Boggs treated all equally, col league, staff, ally, and opponent. Each RED CHINA TO TAKE FOOD FROM quences. Tl).is use of administrative force rather year when I was working on Capitol Hill THE MOUTHS OF BABIES than political persuasion has stirred con I was flattered to receive an invitation to troversy. One of the opening blasts of the re attend the spring garden party which HON. ROBERT J. HUBER cent attack by Maoist radicals upon policies Hale and Lindy hosted annually .J.t their of Chou's government criticized impatient lovely home. He was a good friend. OF MICHIGAN officials who thought ideological work was IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES slow and time would be saved by "laying When Senator KENNEDY hosted a fund raising party at his home in Washington Monday, September 17, 1973 down a few hard and fa.st regulations." The same issue of People's Daily, the Com last summer, it was Hale Boggs who be Mr. HUBER. Mr. Speaker, every day munist party newspaper, which carried that came the informal master of ceremonies one can read in various newspapers and article had another by a youth who wanted to speak and regale the guests awaiting magazines that Communist China has to marry at age 20, but decided to wait and the arrival of their host after a late night solved all the problems that normally "devote my energies to the cause of socialist Senate session. He was possessed of a revolution and construction." Now 25, he and beset people. When a problem arises ev his fiancee had decided to wait some more superb sense of humor in addition to a eryone just gathers around, reads out of so they could work harder in their commune. superb sense of history. Chairman Mao's good book, and the Such exhortations to delay marriage and Hale was extremely helpful in many problem just goes away. However, just a have fewer children have failed to have ways, and I deeply regret his untimely few writers are still keeping a critical enough effect. Mao Tse-tung told Edgar Snow departure. His record of accomplish eye on Red China. Mr. Henry Bradsher, in 1970 that in the countryside--where 80 ments is very great, indeed. It was an of the Washington Star-News, is one of percent of China's people live-the old atti honor and a pleasure to have known him, 12, tudes still prevail. and to have counted him a friend, long such men. He reported on September Chou said in April 1972 that the popula the astounding news that Mao's govern tion was "over 700 million, but not yet ap before I became a Member of this body. ment plans not to supply food rations proaching 800 million." In rural areas, he for children in excess of two per family said, the rate of increase ls around 2 percent. under a new plan in order to hold down At that rate, working from the last pub China's population. This has got to equal lished census which was in 1953, the total THE BEATEN CHILD any of Hitler's greatest crimes. The arti should now be well over 800 million. Chou and other senior officials have been cle follows: more gloomy lately, presumably on the basis HON. MARIO BIAGGI CHINA'S SWEET TALK YIELDS To TOUGH of the secret census and the bad crop reports. OF NEW YORK ANTI-BABY POLICY China has met the population problem IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES (By Henry S. Bradsher) head on by coming as close as a. government HoNG KoNG.-Evidence ls accumulating can to prohibiting people from having too Monday, September 17, 1973 that the Chinese government ls gravely many babies. But the radical criticism sug Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, I would worried over population growth. Draconian gests that Mao considers this the wrong ap like to bring to my colleagues attention measures are being taken to try to check it. proach, so it might be changed. These include strong pressure for women the first of a series of articles by Ron with two children to have abortions and re ald E. Keeney appearing in the Non strictions or denials of food rations to extra commissioned Officers Monthly News. children. TRIBUTE TO HALE BOGGS Dr. Keeney was one of the first men in The new measures began la.st January or America to expose severe cases of child February. This followed reports that a abuse. His insight into the area, as well sample census, or possibly a. full census, had HON. WAYNE OWENS as his compassion for the young who been conducted secretly. Special efforts were are brutalized, are illuminated by the OF UTAH ma.de to keep foreigners from knowing a.bout following: it. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES According to United Nation's estimates, THE BEATEN CHILD China's population is now a.bout 816 mil Monday, September 17, 1973 (By Dr. Ronald E. Keeney, pediatrician) lion. This is, however, based on the assump Mr. OWENS. Mr. Speaker, in the sum "You can't do enough bad things to a tion of a slower rate of growth than Premier mer of 1968, as an inexperienced mem person who would intentionally beat a de Chou En-lai has reported. ber of the platform committee of the fenseless baby like that. She ought to be ' Other estimates run to more than 850 mil locked up and the key thrown away." Such lion at present and increasing at about 17 Democratic National Convention, I met is often the reaction of individuals con Illillion a year. Some Western experts on the Hale Boggs, its newly named chairman. fronted with a child who has been severely Chinese economy say such high estimates It was a hot summer for platform beaten by a parent; for example, a beautiful a.re inconsistent with known food produc writers. President Johnson's hold on the 8 month old girl with 24 bruises all over her tion, but that is exactly the point of the party, on the issues of the war and de body, a burned bottom from being set on a worry in Peking. fense and domestic spending, was tenu gas heater, a fractured skull, all sustained A steady growth of grain output for a dec ous at best. Each of the 110 delegates on in the course of disciplining her for infrac ade ended last year with a decline in har tions against the pa.rents' feelings about vests. This year crops look poor to moderate. the committee had his own strongly held what is "being bad". As a result of the need to continue increas views as to what the platform should be. However, the problem of maltreatment of ing food availability to match the popula Hale Boggs stepped into that situation children by pa.rents or pa.rent substitutes in tion growth, China has resumed large-scale and performed the extremely difficult our society is of such magnitude and in grain imports. task of fashioning a platform upon which creasing at such rate as to make such an This means that less money can be spent the Democratic Party could stand. A emotional, aimless reaction not only futile, on importing industrial goods for the eco great amount of support, astonishing un but in fact, contributory to the perpetua nomic development of China. So better birth tion of the problem. The American Academy control measures are needed for the sake of der the circumstances, was obtained for of Pediatrics calls child abuse "a national economic progress. that platform through the great sensitiv epidemic." It might be even worse than that. Some ity and superb negotiating skill of Hale The severely beaten child is almost always reports tell of efforts to suppress talk about Boggs. under 4 yea.rs of age with as many as 2/3 the danger of famine. Since that convention, while working being under 9 months of age. A study at one Chinese officials have tried to keep the as administrative assistant to Senator university hospital revealed that 10 % of all tough new measures secret. Unexpected vis EDWARD KENNEDY when he and Hale patients less than 6 years old who presented itors to one village were denied an opportu in with an injury had that injury as the result Boggs were majority whips their re of a beating. A nationwide survey conducted nity to study a poster telling of the steps to spective Houses, I worked regularly with force a reduction in the number of babies, in 1965 indicated that as many as 4 million and such signs apparently are removed from Hale and his staff. They were extremely children may have been a.bused that year in places where foreigners normally go. helpful to us in setting up the Senate the U.S., and remember, the problem has China. has had birth control campaigns off majority whip's office and in establish been increasing rampantly in more recent and on during 24 years of Communist rule. ing methods and procedures for carrying years. Of children beaten for the first time, September 17, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29971 25-30 % have permanent damage and 5 % of the House Armed Services Commit The opinions of the majority of Eighth die as a direct result of their initial injuries. tee with distinction and dedication. District residents who returned the opin Of beaten children who are returned home I was saddened to learn that General without adequate treatment of their sick ionnaires coincide with my own. Since parent ( s) , 1 out of 4 are within the year re Smart had passed away recently in West the date the Supreme Court decision was turned to the hospital dead on arrival from Palm Beach, Fla., where he had moved announced, I have been actively engaged recurrent beating. Of this latter group, as following his retirement from his posi in efforts to insure that the effect of many as 90 % of the survivors suffer perma tion with the House Armed Services the Court's ruling is either reversed or nent damage. Committee and later as vice president of modified. The proposed constitutional Dealing with parents who abuse their North American Rockwell Co. Bob Smart amendment, House Joint Resolution 261, children has never been a popular area of had previously served in the U.S. Air endeavor. The first case to come to the the so-called right to life amendment, attention of authorities in the U.S. occurred Force where he attained the rank of which has been introduced into the in 1874. The case was not admitted into brigadier general. House of Representatives to afford full court because there were no laws to protect Following General Smart's retirement human rights to unborn individuals from children from abuse by their parents. The from the Armed Services Committee their moment of conception, is currently case was then brought to the attention of staff, we maintained our contact and pending in the Judiciary Committee. I the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty friendship-and I knew him to be a have signed the discharge petition on to Animals and returned to court where the grand gentleman, capable, competent, this amendment so that the full merits of child was defined as a member of the animal knowledgeable, informed, and always this proposed constitutional amendment kingdom. Laws against cruelty to animals helpful. He served his country well and were then invoked and the child was removed can be analyzed and discussed by the from her family for her protection. Public faithfully. earliest possible date. outrage soon led to the formation of Socie Certainly General Smart will be In addition I have sponsored three bills ties for the Prevention of Cruelty to Chil missed and I want to extend this ex dealing with this subject, one of which dren and many laws concerning children's pression of my deepest and most sincere requires medical institutions to provide rights were subsequently passed. It has only sympathy to Mrs. Smart and other mem their employees with the right and the been during the past decade, however, that bers of the family in their loss and be opportunity to sign a statement of con professional concern about the problem be reavement. came widespread enough to stimulate state scientious objection to participation in legislatures to pass laws requiring reporting the conduct of an abortion. This bill is of incidents of child abuse to appropriate H.R. 5709. authorities. Now each state has its own law ABORTION OPINIONNAIRE FROM Another bill that I have sponsored, to deal with the problem. It would seem THE EIGHTH CONGRESSIONAL H.R. 9459, makes it a Federal crime to that the problem is on its way to control, DISTRICT OF OHIO carry out any research activity on a live however, the failure of most state legislatures human fetus, or to intentionally take any to appropriate sufficient funds to carry out their laws' provisions has severely limited HON. WALTER E. POWELL action to kill or hasten the death of a the availability of adequate personnel and OF OHIO live human fetus in any federally sup facilities to provide optimal treatment of this IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ported facility or activity. This bill is illness that afflicts the family and produces currently pending in the Judiciary Com the beaten child as its most obvious symp Monday, September 17, 1973 mittee. In addition, I have sponsored H.R. tom. Mr. POWELL of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, as 9488, a bill that prohibits the use of ap With reference to the opening anecdote I have done many times in the past, I re propriated funds to carry out or assist of this article, it is important to emphasize one of the most basic points in dealing with cently distributed a questionnaire regard research on living human fetuses. This child ·abuse. Many parents who abuse their ing matters of public interest to every bill is currently pending in the Commit children were themselves abused during home in Ohio's Eighth Congressional tee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. phildhood. If, when these parents bring a District. This particular opinionnaire Mr. Speaker, it is my hope that each battered child to us for help, our reaction is dealt exclusively with the subject of of these bills will be considered at the a punitive one, we will have reinforced the abortion, and the views of Eighth District earliest possible .date. It is my belief that pattern of abnormal behavior; i.e., when the citizens with regard to the January 2, the views of the Eighth District citizens parent in question was a child he was pun reflect the opinions of citizens all across ished (beaten) when he did something 1973, decision of the U.S. Supreme Court "bad". He has learned that beating is an permitting abortions during the early the United States that the Supreme appropriate response to a person who has stages of pregnancy. Court decision on January 22 of this year done something bad. As a person who also I solicited the vieWPoints of two of my was wrong. I trust that Congress will take lacks impulse control, this concept has led colleagues in the House of Representa legislative steps to insure that the pre him to beat his defenseless child mercilessly tives to present opposing arguments on cious right to life is returned as a guid when the child did something "bad". He the abortion question. Congressman ing principle of our Nation's moral brings the child seeking help and the au LAWRENCE J. HOGAN of Maryland pre framework. thority reacts punitively to the parent. This reaction reinforces a life-long, learned pat sented an argument against the Supreme tern of behavior, and perpetuates the ten Court decision, while Con61.·essman RON dency of this parent to beat his child for ALD v. DELLUMS of California spoke in SOLIDARITY WITH SAKHAROV AND being "bad". favor of the Court's decision. I am grate SOLZHENITSYN In future articles other aspects of child ful to both Congressman HOGAN and abuse will be explored. Next month the Congressman DELLUMS for their cooper HON. ROBERT J. HUBER characteristics of parents who abuse their ation and interest in offering their view offspring will be further explored, and ways points so that Eighth District residents OF MICHIGAN of helping these parents will be discussed. could compare and analyze the opposing IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES considerations of this vital public ques Monday, September 17, 1973 tion. Mr. HUBER. Mr. Speaker, I am today Although a few of these questionnaires introducing a House concurrent resolu TRIBUTE TO THE LATE GEN. still trickle into our office every day, my ROBERT W. SMART tion calling upon the Congress to offer staff has tabulated the results of nearly honorary U.S. citizenship to the distin 8,000 responses. I think these results guished Soviet scientist, Andrey Sakha may be of interest to other Members of rov, and Soviet Russia's outstanding au HON. JOE L. EVINS the House of Representatives. thor, Alexander Solzhenitsyn. OF TENNESSEE Overall, 7 ,996 opinionnaires were re These are two giant personalities, who IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES turned. Of this number, 5,383, or 67.3 ·l)y their steadfast faith in the right of Monday, September 17, 1973 percent, supported Mr. HOGAN and his man to intellectual freedom have re position of opposition to ·the Supreme cently gained the admiration of their Mr. EVINS of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, Court decision permitting abortions dur compatriots as well as an ever-increas I want to take this means of paying a ing the early stages of pregnancy. The ing number of formerly indi:fferent peo- brief but sincere tribute to the memory viewpoint of Mr. DELLUMs was favored ple in other countries as well. As every of retired Gen. Robert W. Smart who by 2,613 persons, or 32.7 percent of those one well knows, it is not easy to stand served for many years as chief counsel who returned the opinionnaires. up and be counted in the U.S.S.R. for the 29972 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 17, 1973 cause of human freedom. The risks in respond "in a most heartening way to in Congress assembled, That October 23, 1973, volved run all the way from merely los its responsibility to make significant fi is designated as "National Film Day"; and ing your job, to compulsory incarcera nancial contributions to the American the President of the United E.\tates is author tion and treatment in a mental institu Film Institute." ized a.nd requested to issue a proclamation tion, exile, and a long term in a forced calling upon the people of the United States Evidence of that response, Mr. Speak and interested groups and organizations to labor camp. er, is the fact that a significant number observe that day with appropriate ceremonies Solzhenitsyn, of course, is a well known of motion picture distributors and thea and activities. writer and Nobel prize winner, whose ter owners will voluntarily donate one books have been read by millions half of their receipts to the American throughout the world. In spite of being Film Institute on October 23. a former inmate of the Soviet forced The Institute, Mr. Speaker, a creation MINIMUM WAGES AND THE VETO labor camps, Solzhenitsyn has engaged, of the National Endowment for the Arts, almost single-handedly, in a titanic was founded as a result of the wish of struggle with the legalized evils of the the late President Lyndon Baines John HON. DAVID R. OBEY Soviet state in order to encourage his son that Federal funding for the arts OF WISCONSIN own people and indirectly the people of help preserve and stimulate motion pic IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the world to resist tyranny. tures in our land. Sakharov, also a Nobel prize winner, Earlier this year, in a scene viewed on Monday, September 17, 1973 is no ordinary dissenter. He owes his national television by over 20 million Mr. OBEY. Mr. Speaker, I am insert stature to his contributions in the field of people, President Nixon presented the ing in the RECORD today a copy of the edi nuclear physics and the development of first annual "Life Achievement Award," torial on President Nixon's veto of the the Soviet H-bomb. In order to help the for lifetime contributions to film, to minimum wage bill which appeared in Victims of the increasing persecution of John Ford. Next year's award will go the September 8 edition of the Washing dissidents in the U.S.S.R., he participated to the distinguished actor, James Cagney. ton Post. I believe that the editorial in the organizing of the Committee for Mr. Speaker, the American Film In makes it clear that the bill the President the Protection of Human Rights in the stitute, by means of such efforts as its vetoed was nothing more than a cost of U.S.S.R.- film preservation program, and its Center living increase. Detente will not be meaningful, in my for Advanced Film Studies for young I am inserting it for the benefit of my View, unless it is accompanied by a film-makers, is both a repository of the colleagues who may have missed it. change in attitude toward human free great American film tradition as well as MINIMUM WAGES AND THE VETO dom and dignity in the U.S.S.R. There a fountainhead of new talent. In political terms, President Nixon's veto fore, I view this resolution as promoting Funded partially by the National En of the minimum-wage bill is another shoddy that end and will work strongly for its dowment for the Arts, the Institute, ably attempt to blame infl.ation on an allegedly passage. led by Director George Stevens, Jr., pre reckless Congress. When the President says serves the best of the American film that the bill "would give an enormous boost past, trains promising young film-mak to inflation," he is factually incorrect. In NATIONAL Fll..M DAY economic terms, neither the bill nor its veto ers, and enriches public appreciation of could have any significant effect on inflation motion pictures. one wa.y or the other. Mr. Speaker, the American motion pic The bill would have raised the wages of 3.8 HON. JOHN BRADEMAS ture industry is to be commended for the million workers. That ls fewer than one out OF INDIANA general support it plans to extend to the of every 20 employed Americans. Sen. Ha.r IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES riSOn Willia.ms (D-N.J.) has observed, using American Film Institute on October 23. the administration's own figures, that this Monday, September 17# 1973 This support will help the Institute con bill in its first year would increase the na tinue and expand its important pro Mr. BRADEMAS. Mr. Speaker, I am tion's total wages only 0.4 per cent. In later grams. yea.rs, the effects would be even smaller. The introducing today a concurrent resolu Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to veto leaves the impression that Mr. Nixon is tion urging the President to proclaim Oc join me in approving this resolution to prepared to fight desperately over very small tober 23, 1973 as National Film Day. designate officially October 23 as "Na improvements in the income of the poor, Mr. Speaker, many of the Nation's mo tional Film Day" and to commend the while silently tolerating much larger in tion picture companies and theater own creases in the politically sensitive matters of participating motion picture distribution union contracts and business profits. ers have agreed to donate one-half of and theater owners for their unselfish their box offii,e receipts on that day to the Mr. Nixon's denunciation of this bill as support of the American Film Institute. grossly inflationary is particularly unfor American Film Institute for the support The resolution follows: tunate in view of his own proposal, which of its many worthwhile programs. H.J. RES. 723 would have almost the same impact. The Mr. Speaker, Charlton Heston, the dis Whereas, motion pictures a.re a. vital and vetoed bill would raise the minimum wage tinguished 1958 Academy Award winner, integral part of American life and have en from the present $1.60 an hour to $2 in No earlier this year, in testifying before the riched the lives of the American people, and vember a.nd $2.20 next July. Mr. Nixon's Select Education Subcommittee of the people throughout the world, for more than counter offer would bring the minimum up Committee on Education and Labor, half a. century; and to $1.90 now and then up to $2.30 in steps made an eloquent statement on the im~ Whereas, the Nation's motion picture over the next three years. The difference be portance, both at home and abroad, of companies and theater owners will be cele tween these two scales, in their economic ef brating the first annual National Film Day fect, is hardly measurable. American films. There are several ways to judge the fair Mr. on October 23, 1973; and Said Heston: Whereas, the American Film Institute was ness and adequacy of the present minimum Film ls the art form of the 20th century. If crea.t;ed by the National Endowment for the wage. A person earning $1.60 an hour, work it ls the art of our time, it is also the art of ing 40 hours a week and 52 weeks a. year, our country. American artists have contrib Arts as our country's national organization dedicated to preserving our heritage of film, would make a.n annual income of $3,320. The uted more significantly to world cinema and it serves as the point of focus and co U.S. Department of Labor says that the cur than they have to any other a.rt form...• c.rdina.tion for the national effort to train rent definition of poverty, for a family of In a. very real sense, American films speak the filmmakers of the future; and four, is a.n income under $4,300. Even a.t a for our Nation more clearly, communicate Whereas, participating motion picture com wage of $2.20 the worker would get only more tellingly than any ambassador we can $4,576 a. year, which will probably be less send to the rest of the world. panies and theater owners have agreed to than the Labor Department's definition of donate one-ha.If of their box office receipts poverty by next July when the minimum Noting the extraordinary public ap on National Film Day to the American Film Institute for the support of its many worth would have reached that level. Mr. Nixon's peal of film, Mr. Heston added: own Cost of Living Council exempts wages Unlike other equally worthy artistic en while programs; a.nd under $3.50 an hour from its wage con deavors which inevitably appeal to some Whereas, recognition sbould be given to trols, on grounds that such excessively low what narrower constituencies, the work of the participating motion picture companies earnings ought not be subjected to any arti the American Film Institute is rooted in a. and theater owners for their generous and ficial restraint. mass medium appealing to all Americans. unselfish support of the American Film In The present minimum. of $1.60 began to stitute: Now, therefore, be it come into force in 1967. The cost of living in Mr. Heston told the subcommittee that Resolved by the Senate and House of Rep this country rose 33 per cent from 1967 to the American film industry had begun to resentatives of the United States of America last June. If the minimum wage were raised .September 17, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29973 only enough to keep up with the cost of puter, which will analyze and measure the earned them the respect and gratitude of living, it would have to be taken up to $2.13 water in distribution pipes for 19 "param their fell ow Americans. right now. To put it another way, the mini eters", or characteristics, that affect water mum wage in 1967 represented t<,bout 60 per quality. The parameters include chlorine As we celebrate Von Steuben Day, let us cent of the average hourly earnings in this content, dissolved oxygen, alkalinity, hard salute a particular member of the Ger country. If Congress had wanted only to ness, corrosiveness, chlorides, temperature, man-American community, Dr. Henry maintain the same relation of the minimum turbidity, conductivity, "pH", fluoride, so Kissinger, whose influence in the field to the average, it would have had to raise dium, calcium carbonate deposition, nitrate, of international relations has shaped the minimum to $2.32 by last July instead of cadmium, lead and copper, among other what we all hope is a generation of peace. $2.20 by next July. The bill that Congress things. Dr. Kissinger is currently the President's passed did not even fully compensate for the Guarino said the electronic laboratory is inflation of past years. It does not even keep an example of present day "progressive nominee to become the Secretary of pace with the general rise of American wages, trends" in the water works field. These trends State. let alone incite future inflation. emphasize the use of electronic sensing de Von Steuben Day is marked with a Mr. Nixon keeps saying that he wants a vices, computers, and other instrumenta number of traditional parades in major stronger and warmer spirit of cooperation tion to control the quality of water. cities across the United States. The with Congress. But he keeps deliberately pro "The Philadelphia Water Department is largest and most famous will be held in voking fights. In this case he has turned his already moving in that direction", said the m:r home city of New York City. veto into a particularly unjustified attack Commissioner. "We plan to introduce auto on Congress, citing inflationary effects that mation into all our water plants in the Mr. Speaker, I am pleased at the op do not exist. Congress and the President next few years, allowing the entire water portunity to take note of this important share the blame for the present level of in treatment and delivery process to be con day, and to salute the German-Amer flation, and a -certain amount of public trolled by computer. Our water system will ican people. recrimination is doubt1ess inevitable. But be the "first in the world to be completely here the burden of Mr. Nixon's veto will fall computerized." upon 3 .8 million American workers whose Guarino added that his department is also present meager wages leave them deep in studying the mobile EPA-NSF laboratory "as IN SUPPORT OF H.R. 8056 poverty. a possible tool to supplement the automation scheme for the city's water system. This laboratory is an exciting development. It could help us ensure even better water for HON. CLEM ROGERS McSPADDEN PHILADELPHIA DRINKING WATER our customers". OF OKLAHOMA "Better water is our constant goal, even IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES though Philadelphia has invested over $200 HON. JOSHUA EILBERG mililon of capital funds in the water system Monday, September 17, 1973 OF PENNSYLVANIA in the past 20 years and the city's water now Mr. McSPADDEN. Mr. Speaker, it has meets or surpasses the quality standards of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES rightfully been said that the history of the U.S. Public Health Service," he said. America is the history of her rivers. Monday, September 17, 1973 The mobile laboratory was previously sta tioned at the Oak Lane Reservoir and Inter Prom the foundL'l.g of the Jamestown Mr. EILBERG. Mr. Speaker, Phila national Airport for field testing. Colony to the start of the Centrft.l Ari delphians are observing this week as Two water quality experts from Michigan zona project, Americans have looked "Better Water for Philadelphia Week." head the Philadephia testing. One is Dr. Nina upon their rivers as among their most A mobile laboratory, the largest of its I. McClelland, director of water research for valuable and important natural re kind, will test Philadelphia.,s drinking the National Sanitation Foundation. Dr. Mc sources. water for its purity and palatability. Clelland is project engineer, in charge of de To the people of Oklahoma, the Ar veloping and demonstrating the laboratory. kansas River is a source of both pride At this time I enter into the RECORD a The other expert is Dr. K. H. Maney, profes statement by the city of Philadelphia de sor of environmental chemistry at the Uni Chicago, $2.5 million; Washington, TV personnel in conjunction with this WE MUST CORRECT THE CENSUS D.C., $1.5 million, and other cities similar very worthwhile charitable cause. UNDERCOUNT amounts depending on their size and their Mr. Speaker, I want to personally com minor'.ty populations. mend the staff o: KTUL-TV for the im HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL What ought to be done to rectify a mistake portant role they played in the great the Census Bureau admits occurred? After success of this year's Muscular Dystrophy OF NEW YORK all, the census is no academic head-countir.g Telethon, and to offer them our sincere IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES exarcise; it is the basis not only for allocation of federal and state funds, but also for polit thanks for their exceptional service in Monday, September 17, 1973 ical representation and the drawing of po this important project. Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, the under litical districts at all levels of government. The Census Bureau itself wants another count of minorities in the 1970 census has census in 1975, instead of W.,>.lting until 1980 IRISH ROLE IN REVOLUTION UN been a cause of increasing concern for as mandated oy the Constitution. There is FULFILLED DEBT FOR AMERICA me and those of us who know the impor a lot to be said for cutting the census inter tance of an accurate census count for val from ten to five years in our highly mo the increasing number of Federal pro bile nat ion. There is an agricult ure census HON. l\1ARIO BIAGGI grams tied to formulas based upon an every five years counting every farm animal OF NEW YORK accurate count of the population. and tractor in rural America. If we can count IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES chickens every five years why not people? Although the Bureau of the Census has But Cong1ess refused a mid-decade Cen Monday, September 17, 1973 admitted that minorities were under sus so we m"USt deal with these figures for the counted in the 1970 census and although next ten years. I ha·,e already suggested an Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, every Secretary of the Treasury George Schultz across-the-board increase in official popula American schoolboy is aware of the role admitted this undercount would mean a. tion figures to account for the estimated un played by the Marquis de Lafayette in loss in revenue-sharing dollars to com dercount, but such suggestions have met our fight against the tyranny of King munities wi~~1. large ninority populations, with a defeatist response that simply says George III of England to win independ no action has been taken by the Federal that the national figures can't be adjusted ence for the United States. Not only Government to correct the undercount. on a local basis. France, but many other nations contrib The National Urban League, who along NEW FORMULA uted to the winning of our Revolution. with the Joint Center for Political Stud Now the Nat ional Urban League's Research In 1917 when the American Expedi ies, has performed the basic research Department has come up with a formula it tionary Force landed in France the word which has forced the Federal bureauc says can be applied to correct the under was, "Lafayette, nous sommes ici"; La count. The ,;-esearchers went to the Census fayette, we are here. For many Ameri racy to admit and face up to the under Bureau's own estimated national under count, has come up with a formula which counts of different subgroups of the popu cans our involvement on the Allied side can be applied to correct the under lation and devised a system of adjusting in the First World War was e"asily justi count. To date, however, the Federal local figures. fied as a proper expression of the grati Government has failed to respond to the They make clear that this is an interim tude owed by the United States as a re request of the Urban League to use their device to be used in the current emergency. sult of the invaluable assistance of formula and has failed to come up with Eventually, population researchers and the France during the American Revolution. Bureau may come up with a fool-proof meth Such sentiments are indeed noble and a corrective formula of their own. o~. of compensating for national under It is important that we, in the Con counts, but Utltil i;c.en, it makes sense to put deserved. gress, insist upon a fair and accurate the League's method to immediate use in all After the successful achievement of basis for the distribution of Federal population based formulas on federal and American Independence the British Par funds. I urge my colleagues to share my state aid. liament launched an inquiry into the concern over the unfairness of the census After all, this wouldn't be the firrt time reasons behind their loss. They blamed undercount of minorities. I place in the the government used nation-wide figures to it on the Irish. Gen. James Robertson deal with localities. The famous poverty in testified: RECORD, for your information, a column dex, for example, app:ies a national definition written by the executive director of the It is believed half of the Rebel Army was of poverty regardless of the significant cost from Ireland. Urban League for the New York Voice of living v&.riaUons in diffe!"ent regions. The entitled "Census Undercount Means Lost national poverty index is used as a national An examination of the muster rolls of Dollars" at this point: standard for allocating funds to localities; the regular Continental Army corrobo CENSUS UNDERCOUNT MEANS LOST DOLLARS so too, the suggested revisions in population rates this. (By Vernon E. Jordan, Jr.) figures would be used as a standard for dis Gen. Sir Henry Clinton wrote: bursement of funds until the next census. . You might be one of the 5.3 million people The Emigrants from Ireland were in gen the U.S. Census Bur<.au admits it did not eral looked upon as our most serious co:1.nt in the 1970 Census. If so, that means KTUL-TV PRAISED FOR MUSCULAR antagonists. that your neighborhood loses federal aid ap DYSTROPHY EFFORT Even the French aid to the .cause of portioned on a per-capita basis, including American freedom included the famous revenue sharing money, and shares less than "Irish Brigade"-under Dillon and it ought to in other feJ.aral and state pro HON. JAMES R. JONES grams. Walsh-men who had fled Ireland-"the Over five million people not counted may OF OK.LAHOMA Wild Geese"-na Geana Fiadhaine--to not seem much on c. national basis in a total IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fight against England overseas. On population of over :.:oo million, but its im Monday, September 17, 1973 April 2, 1784, Lord Mountjoy publicly pact on localities, especially on hard-pressed concluded in Parliament, "America was cities aud towns with substantial minority Mr. JONES of Oklahoma. Mr. Speaker, lost by [the action of] Irish emigrants." populations, is important. the 1973 Jerry Lewis Muscular Dystrophy Let us not forget that Irish-Gaelic- September 17, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29977 was often spoken in the ranks of the who have been a flurry of activity behind taxation legislation, JoE WAGGONNER has Continental Army, and that George this tourist attraction for many years. had the opportunity of familiarizing They hope ultimately to secure state funds himself with the subject in detail and Washington was made a member of the and park department cooperation for addi Friendly Sons of St. Patrick during the tional recreational facilities. this article says to me that he has done war. Gen. Stephen Moylan, Col. Dan A year ago citizens believed at first they his homework well. Our tax law is pres Moore-Bunker Hill-and Rifleman were being subjected to hoomalimali, as the ently so complicated that when one ven Timothy Murphy are just a few of the being kidded saying goes, when "Ski Hawaii" tures into it, it is often difficult to see the many Irish names familiar to those bumper stickers appeared throughout the forest for the trees. In his article, the who know the lists of Revolutionary War 50th state. gentleman from Louisiana has demon heroes. Nor should we ever forget Com Failing initially to gain legislative support, strated that he, at least, is not lost in it had a big job before it. Fund-raising took the woods. He is able both to recognize modore John Barry of the County Wex the form of screening ski firms wherever ford, who organized and led the infant members could produce an audience, ban and to discuss the many specific prob American Navy in its now legendary ex quets in the park and a variety of forms of lems and put them into their true con ploits against the mighty British Royal subscriptions. · text. It is no easy task to bring both Navy. Among the famous American Ma Gov. John A. Burns proclaimed an official lucidity and common sense to bear upon rines recruited on and after Novem "Ski Hawaii Week." so complex and controversial a subject as ber 10, 1775, at Tun Tavern in Phila Richard Tillson, of Honolulu, is an exam taxation, and I commend my friend from ldelphia were Thomas Murphy, Mark ple of the hard core of ski enthusiasts, many Louisiana for the skill with which he has Sullivan, Michael Kelly, Lt. Wil of whom are also water skiers. Tillson, an done just that. aeronautics engineer turned candy salesman I recommend his article as "must" liam Gilmore and Capt. Robert Mul in order that he might have more free time len. Indeed, when we gratefully .celebrate to promote mountain skiing along with En reading for every Member of the House our independence we should remember gineer Wolfgang Buss and Wally Johnston, of Representatives and insert it in the that America's debt to the Irish is no less is regarded as the father of skiing in Hawaii. RECORD at this time: than the debt we redeemed in France. He has carried its burden, say association TAX REFORM-AN OVERALL VIEW members. Alone, he camped for three months (By JOE D. WAGGONNER, JR.) in sub-freezing temperatures atop Mauna Those who are students of history know Kea testing the weather and measuring that the level, equity, and even morality of SKIING THE UNCROWDED SNOW snowfalls. taxes have been topics of debate throughout FIELDS OF HAWAH He has bombarded media with literature recorded history. The Bible has many refer on skiing and hounded legislators about de ences to taxes. Wars have been fought over veloping Mauna Kea's snowy summit, where taxes. Everyone has his or her own strongly HON. SPARK M. MATSUNAGA the mercury can fall to 20 degrees above zero, held and emotional view of taxes. Views here OF HAWAII as a tourist attraction. in the United States are expressed in a To stimulate the idea of skiing he has rhythmic fashion. Around April 15 of each IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES opened his own "moonlighting" shop for ski year, when 77 million Americans fill out their Monday, September 17, 1973 togs atop the candy-making plant in Hono returns, there is usually widespread discus lulu. sion-often heated-of taxes. The subject of Mr. MATSUNAGA. Mr. Speaker, most Both of the terminal points are up and taxes causes emotional responses because no Americans are aware of the stunning the long handrail is in place. The first of the body likes to pay them. But, as Justice Oliver beaches and agreeable climate which ski tows is manually operated. The second Wendell Holmes so aptly stated. "Taxes are make Hawaii the world's favorite year quarter-Inile tow is to be motor-driven. what we pay for a civilized society." round vacation spot. But few know of or Primitive, says ski-father Richard, but that's To begin at the beginning, what do we, have enjoyed snow skiing atop the snow the way we like it. The day of the chair lift . the people, want our federal tax system to do? will come only when the price tag of $15-0,000 The primary purpose, of course, is to raise covered peaks of our 50th State. With is at hand. the revenues to pay the cost of governing the blossoming of this healthful winter Hawaii skiers have been using these slopes this great nation. This fundamental purpose activity, Hawaii has become one of very for years, struggling back up over a difficult raises the first series of debates. few regions to host such a range of rec trail. The new tow will allow them to enjoy How big should the public sector of our reational facilities. Just southeast of 10 to 12 runs a day. economy be? Obviously, the more government Honolulu, on the Island of Hawaii, one It will terminate at the very summit adja spends, the more it will have to raise in rev• can enjoy the sunny slopes of some of cent to the University of Hawaii's $5,000,000 enues to pay the bill. As people demand more America's loftiest peaks. observatory whose giant NASA-financed 84- government services and programs, they inch telescope is the world's highest stellar should at the same time know they are also Hawaii's ski areas are unique in that observer. increasing the pressure to raise revenues. In their development has proceeded at a Ski runs will vary from a half to a full mile other words, the power to spend is in reality rational pace. Fresh virgin snow awaits with sharp drops. Overnight cabins are avail the power to tax. all. t warmly welcome vacationers to able at a lower level. Debate on this particular aspect of taxes bring their snow skis as well as swim Funds for a warming hut with snack bar was in full swing during the election cam suits and water skis this winter. and restroom facilities along with a snow paign last November. Now the people have The following article which appeared mobile may yet come from the state. spoken. In my view, they said in no uncer in the Star last year, but which is cur tain terms that the federal sector is too big that Uncle Sam has grown too big for his rent in substance, should be of particular britches. And this implies, and rightly so, interest to my colleagues who would like TAX that the people have concluded that Wash to try skiing next winter in a tropical REFORM ington is not capable of solving every last climate, and would like to lay their plans • problem that arises in the states and local now: HON. PHILIP M. CRANE ities. In fact, it has come time to admit that some of our problems are not solvable al SLOPES OF MAUNA KEA-THAT'S No OF ILLINOIS HOOMALIMALI though there may be better answers or ap IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES proaches. (By Earl A. Selle) Monday, September 17, 1973 But the function of raising revenues is not HILO, HAWAII.-After years of celestial the only consideration involved in the deter · hocus-pocus the Hawaiian snow goddess Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, just before mination of tax policy. We want our tax '::'ys Poliahu has finally scored and subtropical the August recess, there appeared in tem to be efficient, simple, and equitable. And Hawaii-incredible as it may sound-is NAM Reports, the journal of the Na we want it to work in such a way that it building a ski tow at the summit of snowy tional Association of Manufacturers, an furthers, rather than impedes, the achieve 13,796-foot Mauna Kea. As the mynah bird ment of our social and economic goals. Here might fly, it is just 180 miles southeast of article by our colleague from Louisiana, summery Honolulu. the Honorable J. D. WAGGONNER, Jr., en is where the arguments start to heat up. Take Mauna Kea is one of two twin peaks on titled "Tax Reform-:--an Overall View." the matter of simplicity. It would be very the 4,000-square mile island of Hawaii, com In my opinion, this is one of the most simple to have everyone pay the same per monly known as the Big Island. clear, concise, and reasoned discussions centage on all income across the board. Just The 1200-foot long tow over eight-foot pick a figure and apply it to all people and deep snows which often remain from October of the queition of tax reform and what all income. This might meet the test of sim till May, is expected to be completed by to do about it that I have encountered plicity, but it would have to ignore many early 1972. The work is being done privately anywhere. As a member of the Commit other considerations. The loudest cries would by members of the Ski Association of Hawaii tee on Ways and Means which reviews all come from those who insist on equity. The I ./ 29978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 17, 1973 American people, time after time, have sup from salary and fee income. I think that 1s mentatlon of President Nixon's promise to ported what they consider to be fair deduc high enough-in :fact, too high. We cannot tighten federal expenditures. I share this de tions on federal income taxes. For example, afford to use the tax system in this, a free sire, and I know its necessity. the vast majority of Americans think it ls society, to destroy the competitive nature of Hearings have been held this year on tax only fair that a family that ls unlucky the free enterprise system or to destroy pri reform, and the Ways and Means Committee enough to experience a major medical ex vate wealth. To do so is to destroy our free expects to write a bill sometime after Labor pense be allowed to deduct that expense society. Day. The areas to be covered are numerous from federal income taxes. Second, we should avoid the temptation and include, but are by no means limited to: Support for this provision was so strong to lighten the tax burden on individuals by Capital gains and losses; tax treatment of that it was never seriously questioned in the raising it on business. Indeed, it ls a myth capital recovery; t-a.x treatment of real estate; Tax Reform Act of 1969. to believe that we can do so. This is not to minimum tax and tax shelter devices; farm But the more efforts that a.re made to meet say that the business system should not be operations; pensions, profit sharing, and de the test of fairness, the more complex the used to generate a fair portion of the taxes ferred compensation; tax-exempt state and tax la.ws become. For example, there are pro paid to the federal government. local bonds; taxation of foreign income; visions to deduct for non-insured casualty But appearances can easily be deceiving. estate and gift taxation; and natural re losses. These seem very complicated-and Businesses do not pay taxes-people cto. sources. they are--but t-hose unfortunate people hit Those people are either the customers of the Some changes are needed, but I also know by tropical storm Agnes would rather put up business, if the taxes are passed on ( as they that we must protect--a.nd indeed, further with some of the complexity than suffer the frequently are) in the form of higher prices, enhance-the competitiveness o:f American complete loss of home and property. The or the stockholders of the company, if :they industry if we are to provide jobs for our retirement income credit, also enacted as a are taken out of dividends, or the workers, people. matter of equity, also complicates things for if the tax burden becomes so heavy that Despite complaints, we do have the most the taxpayer. the enterprise ceases to exist and jobs are successful tax system in the world. It raises As deductions and credits have expanded wiped out. the money to support government, and does to cover more specific situations, individuals There ls another aspect of business tax so in a very efficient manner. Undoubtedly, form definite opinions. Just ask any taxpayer. ation. Today, we in the United States tax the system can be improved, for nothing is A deduction ls something that he ts legally business more heavily than any other major perfect, I hope it will be improved. entitled to--a. provision that was established industrial nation in the world. And as you to take care of his particular situation. A know, we are locked in a competitive battle so-called "loophole" ls a deduction that ap with those nations. Millions of Jobs and our plies to someone else. standard of living a.re at stake. If we con SENATE INVESTIGATION IS A 5- The tax system has also been used to meet tinue to insist on this type of foolish tax social goals. A good example was the 1969 ation, then we shall find it increasingly diffi YEAR BOONDOGGLE provislon allowing a faster write-off on 8.lllti cult to compete in world markets. And as pollution equipment for business. Another U.S. products become less competitive, Jobs encourages the rehabilitation of slum hous will disappear. · HON. EARL F. LANDGREBE ing. Still another example of the use of the Moreover, if we turn inward, trying to pro OF INDIANA tax system to further social objectives is the tect ourselves with a wall of tariffs and re IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES provision for education, religion, and chari,ty. strictions on trade, we shall all suffer-Just as Thursday, September 13, 1973 The melding of our tax system with our we did in the 1930s when we tried to isolate economic goals -ls proper. The economic ourselves from other economies. American Mr. LANDGREBE. Mr. Speaker, the growth of the nation requires a continuous agriculture would lose more from this fool prolonged continuation of the Water fl.ow of investment in productive machinery. ish policy than any other sector simply be gate hearings has drawn attention away When we talk about employment, for ex cause agriculture is our most productive and, ample, it ls fundamental to understand that therefore, most competitive activity. We from another Senate investigation-one it takes on the average an investment of must, therefore, concentrate on becoming which has cost taxpayers over a million $30,000 to support one Job in manufacturing. more, not less, productive. And a tax sys dollars during its nonproductive 5 years' It is necessary, I think, to understand that tem that encourages saving, investment, and existence. I wish to bring to the attention the only money that is actually available for productivity is a major weapon in the battle of my colleagues an article written by investment purposes is "saved" m9ney. That for international markets. Robert S. Allen for Hall Syndicate. The is so whether the money is your own or Third, Congress should not, in my judg column follows: borrowed. ment, spend a great deal of time this year in In terms of economic growth, it is also an effort to Just simply close the so-called Watergate is getting all the limelight, but imperative to consider the impact of tax pol "tax loopholes." The demagogues that tell here are other kinds of Senate investigations. icy on our international competitive position. you there a.re some $40 to $50 billion of these This is a report on one of them-that, in In short, our tax policies must take into ac preferences are not telling it like it is, for effect, is actually a boondoggle. count simplicity and equity and should be they couch their criticisms in such terms as Maestro of this "investigation" is Senator consistent with our social and economic ob to hide what the preferences are all about. George McGovern, and although virtually jectives. It is very easy to base arguments on Any such list would have to include all of unknown to the general public it has cost taxpayers more than $1.250 million in its any one of the four factors and make state these items: $5.1 billion in deductions for in nearly 5 years' existence. ments that seem to be very convincing. Prac- terest on mortgages and property taxes on Official designation of this expensive . tically speaking, each factor is and must be owner-occupied homes; $1.9 billion for de boondoggle is most imposing-Select Com a trade-off for the others. ductions on charitable contributions; $3.6 mittee on Nutrition and Human Needs. With these basic goals in mind, let me billion resulting from the net exclusion of now give you my thoughts on how tax legis employer pension contributions plus earn But its results are far less impressive-as lation should develop in the months and ings; and so on. These figures are estimates this column ascertained after a.n investiga years ahead. The Nixon Administration, I for calendar year 1971. tion of this "investigation." On the basis of believe, shares this general thinking. The The point I want to make is that ea.ch and this inquiry, this affair appears to be nothing "limousine liberals" who cry for the closing every preference that has found its way into more than a boondoggle to promote Mc of so-called "loopholes," of course, disagree the Internal Revenue Code serves a purpose. Govern's publicity and electioneering for the The reform these people seek is intended to The task of Congress, therefore, is not to en Presidency last year and another Senate term simply shift the burden to others. act a blanket elimination of the so-called next year. First, we should avoid radical changes in loopholes, but to examine each and every one This column decided to look into this mat the tax system purportedly designed to re of them carefully, as was done in 1969, to ter because last February the South Dakota distribute income, or put more bluntly, "soak make certain they serve a useful purpose and radical managed to wangle another $255,000 the rich." This idea that the federal tax sys do so efficiently. to continue this lofty-sounding boondoggle. tem should somehow confiscate a large por The other side of the tax question coin Actually, he asked for $291,000--after fen tion of anyone's earnings is just about as and of equal importance to the individual agling $283,000 last year when he was run un-American as anything I can think of. If taxpayer 1s the question of controlling fed ning for President. But the Senate Rules and eral spending. Too much federal spending for Administration Committee determined $255,- earnings are illegitimate a person should not 000 would be enough-with a sharply pointed be entitled to them in the first place. But if too long has resulted in too high taxes for too legiti.mate, high earnings indicate to me that many people. Generally speaking, one-fourth admonition that this "investigation" had a fellow has built a better mousetrap, or of our total national debt which has been in been going on long enough and it was time worked harder, or in one way or another curred in all our history has been incurred to wind it up. Said Senate Republican Whip been successful in carrying out his chosen in the last four yea.rs. Such deficit spending Robert Griffin, Mich.: work. Under existing federal tax laws, in- cannot be tolerated and must be stopped "In the deliberations of the RUies and Ad- dividuals pay up to 70 percent on extra dol here and now. ministration Committee there was concern lars of income from investments and sim In the coming weeks and months of this about how long this temporary committee ilar sources and up to 50 percent on those Congress, we are going to see the bnple- wouid continue. A number of senators be- September 17, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29979 lieve this committee is not to go on forever. "The Dollar Overhang," by Fred Berg no longer viable. A replacement must be In fact, there was an inclination on the part sten. Dr. Bergsten analyzes the current found for U.S. stewardship. No one knows of some committeemen to cut the budget impasse in international monetary ne how these issues will be resolved. Instability much further expressly to make it evident and unpredictability now govern interna gotiations, and concludes that what the tional economic relations, with little confi that this temporary committee is to be world needs is a Marshall Plan in re phased out." dence around the world in what the future McGovern blandly disregarded this warn verse. He feels that this could eliminate may bring. ing. Airly he announced: the economic imbalance created by It will obviously take time to construct a · "The $255,000 will simply not be sufficient America's cold war support of Europe new international economic order. But the to fund all activities. I wish to make clear and Japan and could contribute signifi construction need not be complete to dispel that I fully expect it will be necessary to re cantly to the prospects for peace and uncertainty and restore confidence. The quest supplemental funds later in the year." urgent need is for a bold new initiative to stability in the world. break the current impasse, start the process Recently there have been backstage hints Dr. Bergsten is a wise man. He has that the ultra-liberal South Dakotan is get of reform, and-most of all-provide con ting ready to do just that-seek another served on the National Security Council vincing evidence that the major countries want to work together meaningfully once $50,000. under Dr. Kissinger, and is now a senior THE FINDINGS fellow at the Brookings Institution. Dr. more. Elimination of the dollar overhang is Bergsten's advise and counsel has been an ideal candidate. To learn just what justification there The overhang is the $100 billion or so now might be for such a handout, this column invaluable to many members of the For :floating around the world, held largely by dug into this sonorously-titled "investiga eign Affairs Committee considering such central banks, the legacy of the U.S. balance tion" to ascertain exactly what it has done pressing questions, and his words should of-payment deficits of the past. Its continued -if anything. be heeded on this question as well. I existence virtually guarantees monetary in The answer is short and simple-nothing would like, therefore, to insert his ar stability, for it can move rapidly across· the of any consequence or moment. ticle in the RECORD at this time. exchanges and trigger wild currency gyra A few desultory hearings have been held, tions. Its existence was probably the source at which some handpicked "authorities" and The article follows: [From the New York Times, Aug. 31, 1973] of the excessive depreciation of the dollar in "experts" have expounded their opinions and the early summer, far below levels suggested views-and that's all. There has been no THE DOLLAR OVERHANG by the strong current outlook for the U.S. published report, and no present indica (By C. Fred Bergsten) balance of payments. It precludes a restora tion when or if one is contemplated. WASHINGTON.-America. and Europe stand tion of convertibility for the dollar into U.S. Kenneth Schlossberg, staff director of the at an impasse on international economics. reserves because it could wipe out those re committee, says other hearings are likely, but Despite the welcome improvement in atmos serves in a day. It symbolizes the dollar is vague and hazy as to when and what about. pherics, the Committee of Twenty has bog hegemony of the past. Its elimination is es There is no prospectus, no schedule, no list ged down completely in its effort to develop sential to restore short-run stability and per of witnesses-nothing. new monetary rules. The long-awaited trade mit long-run reform, which would inter alia one committee member frankly admitted negotiations have already been much de preclude the creation of new overhangs in the he had no idea what was going on or being layed, and numerous obstacles three.ten to future. planned. Another committeeman, profess abort them entirely. There is no progress The overhang could be eliminated through ing equal ignorance, added disparagingly, "I toward a common front on energy. I.M.F. creation or a special issue of Special doubt if the staff knows what it's going to The Atlantic economic stalemate greatly Drawing Rights, the international money of do from month to month. As far as I can tell, deepens the threat to the prosperity of both which over $11 billion has been issued since there is no organization or planning or any America and Europe already posed by ramp 1970 to provide the needed basis for multi thing else. McGovern runs the show, and ant inflation and potential recession. Mone lateral control over world reserves. -Central from all appearances, he doesn'·i; seem to tary ins~ability appears chronic. Flexible ex banks could then exchange their dollars for be paying much attention to it." change rates could easily deteriorate into vi these S.D.R.'s receiving an asset of guar This column's inquiry confirmed that cious "dirty floats," especially with the onset anteed value and stabilizing the system. Dol judgment to the hilt. of recession. Trade protectionism could lars now held by private foreigners could also · The Select Senate Committee on Nutri break loose if not contained by new coopera be converted if they moved into central tion and Human Needs is a high-flown boon tive ventures. A competitive scramble for oil banks. doggle pure and simple. It's a gross waste of has already begun, and looms for other raw The main barrier to such a step is its taxpayers' money, and should be ended materials. The confidence of private sectors terms. Would the U.S. have to pay off the forthwith. around the world in the ability and will of dollars converted into S.D.R.'s? Over what Instead of getting more funds, it should America and Europe to cooperate has virtu period of time? At what interest rate? With be required to turn in what is still unspent ally collapsed. Open economic conflict would what value guarantee? These issues run into if anything, and McGovern compelled to obviously jeopardize Atlantic security rela many billions of dollars for the U.S. Dis finance his own promotion and electioneer tions, especially with growing European sus agreements over them could thwart the ing. picion that the U.S. cares only for bilateral whole effort. If the cocky boasting of his henchmen is to deals with the Soviet Union and China. Europe (and Japan) should offer to cancel be believed, he doesn't lack campaign funds. perhaps at European expense-in any event. completely the American debt embodied in To hear him tell it, he has already amassed Both sides are to blame for the impasse. the overhang. At a stroke, it could thus re some $250,000 from supporters throughout America shows little real interest in mone store international monetary stability and the country responding to a solicitation tary reform, and some Americans apparently start the process of basic reform. It would from a select list of devotees. first want nonreciprocal trade concessions do so at no cost to itself, since it would According to these inside sources, Mc from Europe. Europe immobilized by inter receive S.D.R.'s in return for all dollars re Govern's aim is a campaign fund of $1 nal differences, and some Europeans insist on turned to the United States. Europe's access million. monetary reform before moving on trade. to real resources would remain unchanged, That's quite an electioneering chest for Neither seems willing or able to break the but the United States would no longer have a state that last year cast 300,000 votes in economic Gordian knot. Japan is in fact now to give up real resources to pay off its debt. the Presidential election-in which the Mc pursuing the most constructive foreign eco Similar steps have been carried out twice Govern-Shriver slate spent a record $25 nomic policy of any maJor country, but can before, in comparable circumstances. The million, a highly significant fact the Demo not be expected to resolve the Atlantic stale Hoover Moratorium effectively canceled the crats carefully never mention. mate. debt overhang from World War I. Marshall The root of the problem is the breakdown Plan grants enabled Europe to recover from of the international economic order which World War II. Both lifted from Europe the effectively governed the postwar generation need to give up real resources for years to ECONOMICS OF THE DOLLAR of economic peace. That order was based on come, which would in turn have forced it to fixed exchange rates, the dollar and steady internal squeeze, external controls, and ever liberalization of trade and international more vigorous international competition. HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON capital flows. It was largely managed by the Both thus contributed mightly to the eco OF MASSACHUSETTS 'Gnited States, through the rules of the In nomic well-being of all countries and ·to ternational Monetary Fund and the GATT. worJ...d peace. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES It provided an environment of stability and A. Marshall Plan in reverse could now erase Monday, September 17, 1973 predictability for international economic re the financial legacy of the cold war, and lations which, in turn, inspired universal contribute mightily to contemporary peace Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, an confidence in the cooperative resolution of and prosperity. Such an offer from Europe Op Ed piece appeared in the August 31 problems as they arose. would dramatically break the economic im issue of the New York Times entitled But tlle rules and practices of the past are passe. It would completely transform both 29980 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS. September 17, 1973 the substance and atmosphere of overall 89 of whom were veterans. Even consid To the aforementioned point, I should like Atlantic relations. It could provide the basis ering that there were twice as many to point out that in the activities which I for another generation o! economic peace. World War II veterans than veterans of have performed throughout the State of Colorado, the point has been continually Vietnam, relatively fewer Vietnam vet pressed that payment of tuition, books and erans are attending private schools fees constitute a very major economical af INCREASING EDUCATIONAL OPPOR under the GI bill. fect on the individual. At these particular TUNITIES FOR VIETNAM-ERA Certainly, a good deal of this trend is points in the academic year, many individ VETERANS due to differences in the benefit stmcture uals are so economically depleted they can under the GI bill then and now. not afford the luxuries of rent, food and I believe that H.R. 8495 can do much other living expenses. ' When the individual suffers this economic HON. PATRICIA SCHROEDER t~ alleviate the disparity between the two disaster, he or she must turn to alternative OF COLORADO bills. By providing up to $1,000 per school sources. In the past, this source has usually Y~ar for tuition, books and other fees, the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES been the institu1;ion he or she attends. Over Vietnam-era veteran can then use the the past few years this problem has been Monday, September 17, 1973 $220 per month stipend for the basic compounded by the redu~tion in student Mrs. SCHROEDER. Mr. Speaker, necessities of life. He can afford the grants, work study monies and t h e inabilit y privilege of becoming a full-time student. to secure guaranteed student loans. The shortly before the August recess, I pre practice of counting GI Bill benefits as sented testimony to the Subcommittee I also believe that this bill will increase earned income while establishing the vet er on Education and Training of the House the number of veterans seeking higher an's need has also complicated the situation Veterans' Affairs Committee on H.R. education and thus reduce the number for many veterans. 8495. This bill, being considered by the o~ the u~employment rolls. It would pro Along wit h these problems, an add~tio~al subcommittee in conjunction with other vide, as 1t did after World War II for factor must be considered and that is the the elevation of the general level of ~du availability of a position of employment for education bills, would grant Vietnam-era the veteran which coincides with his or her veterans who are attending institutions cation in our society. Also, it will provide academic schec;lule. In March of 1973, the of higher learning an additional $1,000 t1?,e opportunity for the veteran to raise Colorado Division o! Employment, 1n coop per year for tuition and books. his occupational capacity which will eration with the Governor's Task Force, Jobs We are all aware that the cost of liv eventually result in his repaying the costs for Veterans, released their findings for the ing has increased significantly since the of his benefits to the Federal Govern upcoming Phase IV job program. Their find~ end of World War II. We are also aware ment through higher taxes. ings revealed that over 72 % of those veter I have received the attached corre ans actively seeking employment served dur that the cost of higher education-the ing the Vietnam war. The opinion of the Di~ cost of tuition, books, and other fees SJ?Ondence which strongly endorses this vision of Employment was that of those seek has mushroomed. Yet, the over 6 million bill. Both Mr. Dean Phillips, Colorado ing employment, three categories were steadu individuals who have served in the mili State Coordinator for the National As ily increasing: Minority veterans, Disadvan tary during the Vietnam era not only pay sociation of Concerned Veterans, and taged veterans, and undereducated veterans for their living expenses, but their tui Mr. John Aaron, President of the Colo (less than H .S. or GED). tion, books, and other school fees on as rado Association of Collegiate Veterans, A supplemental amount in the GI Bill have corroborated the urgency of this would remove much of the disparity faced by little as $220 per month, if they wish to the Vietnam-Era. veteran in his or her at obtain higher education. m~tte:. I. think Mr. Phillips aptly places tempt to seek an education. Such action as The result is that the comparable per this bill m perspective: proposed by HR 8495 would also provide a centage of Vietnam-era veterans attend- It seems a bit warped when a society will stimulus for additional veterans to take ad . ing institutions of higher learning under encourage a veteran not to work or attend vantage of the educational system. :n Col school by offering him almost twice as much orado, our statistics from the Veterans Ad· the current GI bill is lower than the per money i! he chooses to collect unemployment ministration, show that only one out of every centage attending after World War II. insurance. six eligible Vietnam-Era veterans take ad As of April 1972, only 37.3 percent of the vantage o! their educational benefits by at Vietnam-era veterans had taken advan I ask each of you to consider the future tending either a two- or four-year institu tage of their benefits. The participation of the many young men and women who tion. This fact is discouraging and all rate of the World War II GI bill was served during the Vietnam period and attempts should be made to make higher 44.9 percent, and after the Korean GI urge you to insure passage of H.R. 8495. education for veterans a reality not merely The correspondence follows: an imaginary dream. bill, 39.8 percent for the same time I again thank you on behalf of the Colo· period. COLORADO ASSOCIATION OF COLLEGIATE VETERANS rado Association of Collegiate Veterans for The unmarried Vietnam veteran is ex your concern for their well-being and thnt Denver, Colo., July 24, 1973. pected to manage somehow to pay for his Congresswoman PATRICIA SCHROEDER of the Vietnam-Era veteran 1n general. tuition, books, school fees, rent, food, and Federal Bui lding, ' Sincerely, any other living expenses on $220 per Denver, Colo. JOHN R. AARON, month. Perhaps this explains why the DEAR Ms. SCHROEDER: As President of the President. Harris poll on problems facing the Viet Colorado Association of Collegiate Veterans, NATIONAL AsSOCIATION OF nam-era veteran-October 1971-found I would like to thank you on behalf :>f the Vietnam-Era. veterans in Colorado for co CONCERNED VETERANS, that of the Vietnam veterans who had Denver, Colo., July 19, 1973. sponsoring HR 8495. Such an effort .•s com not made use of the current GI bill, 53 mendable in light of the problems facing Hon. PATRICIA SCHROEDER, percent said they would use the bill if many Vietnam-Era veterans in their at House of Representatives, Washington, D.O. the benefits were increased. tempts to receive an education in t.. time Not only are fewer Vietnam veterans when inflationary pressures are restricting DEAR Ms. ScHROEDER: As a Vietnam Vet the veterans' desires to do so. eran and as State Coordinator for NACV, I attending institutions of higher learning, want to thank you for co-sponsoring HR but their choice among institutions has As you are aware, the cost of living has more than doubled since 1946, yet changes 8495 which is a significant step in the effort been severely limited. The number of made in the GI Bill have not been an effec to see that the Vietnam Era GI Bill is raised veterans attending private schools has tive deterrent in reducing the cost of educa to a. level equal to the GI Bill that World declined considerably. They simply can tion for the veterans. World War II veterans War II veterans received. not afford the expense on the current received educational benefits which had As you are aware, the cost of living has allotment. many provisions the Vietnam-Era veterans more than doubled since the end of World do not enjoy. Such is the case with the al War II and the cost of education has in In hearings before the House Subcom creased from 200 % to as much as 600 % at mittee on Education and Training of the lowance of $500 per year for tuition ~nd fees afforded to veterans after World War !I. With the various institutions of higher lea.ming Veterans Affairs Committee in 1971, across the state of Colorado and the United testimony was presented which attested the doubling of the cost of living, not to States. speak of the spiraling cost of tuition. the World War IT veterans received GI BUI to this fact. Five thousand six hundred amount on an equity basis today would allow students attended Harvard between 1947 payments for up to 48 months while Viet the veteran a credit of over $1125 per year. nam Era Veterans receive them for up to 36 and 1948 of whom 3,326 were veterans. However, the Vietnam-Era vete.an does not months. World War II Veterans received: (1) In 1971-72, Harvard had 6,073 students, receive any such benefit. free tuition and fees (up to $500.00 per year September 17, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29981 which was a great deal of money in 1944- in the RECORD and commend its reading possible environmental effects of the Davis 1950), (2) free books, and (3) a. living stip to my colleagues and the general public: Besse nuclear power station being built in end for a. single Veteran of $75.00 monthly the area. SATELLITE KEEPS TABS ON OHIO POLLUTION which is equal to more than $165.00 in 1973. Studies also will be made of the effects of After years of concentrated effort on the (By William D. Mccann) urban sprawl and pollution of Lake Erie in part of legislators and Veterans' groups such CoLuMBus.-Pollution in Lake Erie near the Cleveland area. , as the American Legion, the Veterans of For Cleveland, a nuclear power plant being built Land-use studies .also will be ma.de of the eign Wars, the Disabled American Veterans, on the western lake shore and strip mining Columbus area as a backup to Cleveland, and more recently NACV, the Vietnam Era in southern Ohio are being closely watched which often has cloudy weather. The satel GI Bill was recently raised to $220.00 month by a NASA satellite 570 miles in space. lite scanner cannot take pictures through ly for a single Veteran attending school full Seven state agencies are cooperating with clouds. time. Ohio State University and Battelle Memorial The project has already proved useful in When the increase in the cost of living Institute to study Ohio's natural resources several fields, Wells said. and education are considered, the GI Bill and environment using satellite pictures. An inventory of strip-mined land in Harri of today does not come close to parity with The study, directed by the Ohio Depart son County was made in a few hours using the WW II GI Bill. This is clearly document ment of Economic and Community Develop satellite pictures. ed in a study done for NACV by individuals ment, is funded through a $215,000 NASA Pollution control officials have been moni at Canisius College earlier this year. I hope grant. toring a smoke plume from a power plant on you will examine the enclosed copy. I have The Earth Resources Technology Satellite the Muskingum River. In one photo, the also enclosed a copy of the NACV legislative (ERTS-1) was launched a year ago. It has plume was 16 miles long. committee report. been hailed as a huge success by scientists The strangest thing the satellite pictures While the Veterans Administration was a and engineers throughout the world. have turned up so far has been the sighting serious advocate for the World War II Vet In Ohio, ERTS-1 pictures have helped re of a black area at the mouth of the Cuyahoga eran, it has in more recent years become a searchers monitor water and air pollutants. River. It showed up in only one picture in parrot of the executive branch of the fed The pictures show precisely the extent of April, according to Joachim Stephan, who eral government. In 1969, when the GI Bill strip mining and reclamation. They are help heads the remote sensing laboratory at Bat was only $130.00 per month, the President ing to survey forest lands and crops. They are telle. In other pictures the .area showed up as and the VA went on record as favoring an monitoring subtle environmental changes a light color. increase to only $147.00. This was in contrast caused by large construction projects, such as "Normally we can expect pollution to be to the US Senate which wanted an increase a nuclear power plant. The pictures are also light in color and cleaner water dark," to $190.00 and the US House which suggested used to make precise maps for long-term Stephan said. "Since we hardly expect the an increase to $170.00 land-use planning. Cuyahoga to discharge clean water into the More recently, the US Senate wanted an Aboard the 10-foot-tall craft is a multi lake right now we are mystified." increase to $250.00 and the House to $200.00 spectral scanner which makes photo-like per month. The President and the VA went images in four bands of the light spectrum, on record as wanting a raise to only $190.00. two visible and two invisible to the human As you know the raise to $220.00 was finally eye. The different bands bring out features such as dirty water or diseased crops that SHOE IMPORTS DOUBLE IN signed into law by the President less than 2 %-YEAR PERIOD two weeks before the 1972 election. may not be easily detected by the naked In my research on veterans' problems as eye. co-chairman of the legislative committee for Images are transmitted to Earth by radio HON. JAMES A. BURKE the Colorado Governor's Jobs For Veterans signal. Films are made by NASA technicians Task Force, I was alarmed to discover that and sent to researchers around the world. OF ll(ASSACHUSE'ITS a Vietnam Era Veteran returning to Colorado Films of Ohio are forwarded to Terry Wells, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES senior planner with the development depart could draw up to $377.00 monthly for six Monday, September 17, 1973 months if he did not work or attend school ment and project coordinator. under the GI Bill. The same individual could Wells and Battelle researchers then analyze Mr. BURKE of Massachusetts. Mr. only draw $220.00 monthly if he went to the film with various viewing instruments. Speaker, although we are aware that school full time under the GI Bill. It seems One has a TV-like monitor to show on a the situation in the shoe industry has a bit warped when a society will encourage screen. Researchers can zoom in on part of the picture. By pushing a button, a specific been steadily deteriorating due to the a veteran not to work or attend school by flood of foreign imports, I was shocked offering him almost twice as much money area, such as strip-mined land, shows up in if he chooses to collect unemployment in color. When other buttons are pressed, vege to receive the latest statistics from the surance. tation shows up brightly in one color and American Footwear Industries Associa Again, I thank you for the interest and ac water in another to make photo interpreta tion showing an approximate 40-percent tion you are taking for the Vietnam Era tion easier. import penetration of the domestic shoe Veteran. Photographs made from the film are com market, or almost double the penetration Sincerely, pared with those taken from aircraft and the ground and correlated with measure rate in January 1971, when the Tariff DEAN K. PHILLIPS, Commission sent to the President a Colorado State Coordinator, NACV. ments from ground instruments. The researchers also will be using pictures decision which would allow him to pro taken by the Skylab astronauts, Wells said. vide relief to the industry. It should Wells believes that the biggest benefits from be noted that the President has seen the satellite pictures of Ohio will be to map SATELLITE KEEPS TABS ON OHIO conditions worsen in the industry during land .and study land use and urban sprawl. this 2%-year period while imports have POLLUTION Federal legislation now being considered would require states to make an inventory almost doubled and he has still failed of land use, he said. Satellite pictures would to act affirmatively on the Tariff Com HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE make such work quick and cheap, he said. mission's findings. I find this situation OF TEXAS While researchers will be looking at the incredible, and yet my committee, Ways IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES entire state, much of the project will con and Means has been asked, and soon, this centrate on six test sites, Wells said. very body will be asked to grant the Monday, September 17, 1973 Pictures of Zaleski State Forest will be President unprecedented . authority to Mr. TEAGUE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, used to help survey the forest lands and study conduct this Nation's trade policies. In nearby strip-mine areas. Mr. William D. Mccann, staff writer for Researchers will study land-use changes view of the experience of this one indus the Plain Dealer, in a recent article dis using pictures of the Ohio Transportation try, I think it would be well for each cussed the contribution of the NASA Research Center being built on an 8,100-acre Member to carefully consider granting Earth technology satellite in monitoring site in Logan and Union counties near East the President virtually unlimited au pollution in Lake Erie. This activity, Liberty. thority to lower what trade barriers pres along with many of the other space-re Crop studies will use pictures of the Ohio ently exist and further erode conditions lated practical benefits being derived Agricultural Research Center near Wooster. in the shoe, chemical, textile, steel, and from our national space program, is con Researchers want to find out if they can dif electronics industries. ferentiate among crops using satellite pic tributing in an ever-increasing way to a tures. I have asked that the statistics reflect better standard of living for every Amer Researchers will study satellite pictures of ing this astronomical increase in foreign ican. marshlands in Ottawa County along the lake made shoes be printed in the RECORD for I am including this interesting article shoce. One thing they will be looking for is the Members' attention. max--1889-Part 23 29982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 17, 1973 The material follows: I respectfully urge that each of you re reliability of the sales figures, especially with AMERICAN FOOTWEAR view this information, and the backup de respect to possible reporting error by shoe INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION, tail attached thereto, and keep it in mind chain operators. Arlington, Va., September 10, 1973. in connection with your considerations on Supply. Nonrubber footwear supply was To: All Members of Congress: our national trade policies. down by almost three million pairs for a de In January of this year, I indicated to Very truly yours, cline of 1 % . The domestic production was each of you that we would be sending you, on MARKE. RICHARDSON. down 6 % , while the imports were up 9 '1r. a regular basis, updated information with Rubber/ canvas footwear supply increased 2 % respect to the shoe industry, and I even ven FOOT V' :AR AND THE ECONOMY STATISTICAL with domestic production showing a 5 % de tured as to suggest that you might want to SUMMARY, JUNE 1973 cline and imports gaining 25 % . As a re establish a special file, regarding the facts in With the first half year data in for 1973, as sult total footwear supply in 1973 was almost connection with the condition of the shoe reported by the Departments o..: Commerce holding on to the 1972 level with no appa industry, for your consideration at the time Census and Labor-BLS, the following high rent percent change. of any review or discussion on trade matters. lights were observed when comparing the Value. The total value of domestic ship Subsequent to that time, we have been first six months of 1973 with that of 1972. ments lost 1 % while the f.o.b. dollar value of in touch with you not less than once every imports gained 21 % . The domestic shipments Retail sales. Retail dealer sales for all goods averaged $6.02 per pair for a 9 % increase and two weeks ... and in many cases, far more showed a health gain of 14 % . Department the imports averaged $2.82 per pair for an frequently than that. Nothing, however, stores sales increased 15 % with "che.ins" 11 % gain. which we have submitted to you is more gaining 16 % and "independents" showing Wholesale and consumer price indexes. The telling or more significant than the en an increase of 6 % . Apparel stores sales were Wholesale Price Index of nonrubber foot closure I am sending you with this letter. up 12 %. with "chains" and "independents" wear index showed the sharpest increase at It is our Statistical Summary for the first registering increases at 16 % and 10 % , re · 12 'k, . The Consumer Price Index for all com half of calendar year 1973 and is based upon spectively. modities increased 5 % while that for all the statistics we have received from t,he De Total shoe stores sales showed an increase footwear rose 4 % . partments of Commerce and Labor. of 18 % . Census recently revised the "chains" Cost of materials. The Wholesale Price In The shoe industry today has an import sales figures downward, but these revised dex for hides and skins and leather declin ed peneration of approximately 40 % , an in figures were still ahead of last year by 22 % . in June. However, the first six months WPI crease from the 21 % penetration which ex With the total footwear supply data reveal averaged 48 % increase for all hides and isted at the time the Tariff Commission in ing no gain at all this year and the Volume skins and 44% for cattlehides. The leather January of 1971 sent to the President a deci Footwear Retailers of America study of about WPI rose 24 % with cattlehide leather also sion which empowered him to give relief to 4,000 volume stores showing only a 6 % gain indicating an increase at 24 % . our industry. Instead, imports have almost over last year, the validity of Census figures Labor. The total number of employee.; in doubled in that 2¥2 year period and produc is very much in question. This problem was the nonrubbe!· footwear industry declined by tion for our industry is the lowest in more discussed with the Bureau of the Census 3 % . Average weekly earnings increased 2 % than a score years. The need for relief is, during a recent meeting and the Bureau did coupled w;.th 3 % increase in hourly earn hence, doubly urgent. assure us that they would re-examine the ings and 1 % decline in weekly hours.
FOOTWEAR AN D THE ECO NOMY- STATISTICAL SU MMARY 1. DEMAND [Millions of dollars]
Percent 6 months change , 6 months, June 1973 1 May 1973 2 June 1972 1973 1972 1973/1972
Retail sales : Total all goods __ ------$43, 641 $43, 190 $38, 730 $239, 571 $210, 094 + 14 Department stores ______------______: ______------______4, 290 4, 209 3, 739 22, 419 19, 468 + 15 Apparel stores ______------_- ______l, 989 1, 920 Shoe stores ______---- ______-· ______1, 739 10, 813 9, 693 + 12 345 324 298 1, 949 1, 658 + 18 Independent store sales: Total all goods ______======c======--======--=-==='-"====30, 635 30, 525 27, 300 168, 760 148, 008 +14 Department stores ______· ______------______------487 484 432 2, 529 2. 395 +6 Apparel stores ______- - __ ------_- - _------_----- ______1, 434 1, 384 . 1, 267 7, 804 7, 066 +10 Shoe stores ______======186 180 2 173 l, 073 942 + 14 Chain store sales:• Total all goods ______======13, 006 12,665======11, 430 70, 811 62, 086 ===+14 3, 803 3, 725 3, 307 19, 890 17, 073 + 16 555 536 472 3, 009 2, 587 +16 159 144 2 125 876 716 + 22 fif Et~~:~~;f re~ales ======~ == =- --= =~ ======~======~======
II. SUPPLY !Thousands of pairs]
Total footwear supply ______------__ ------______------84, 988 86, 382 88, 290 549, 494 549, 571 n/c
Nonrubber, tota'------====='--'======66, 716 66, 911 69, 809 433, 176 436, 025 -1 Domestic ______------__ : _------41, 513 41, 669 46, 224 255, 484 273, 076 -6 Imports ______======25, 203 25, 242 23, 585 177, 692 162, 949 +9 Rubber/canvas, total______: ______18, 272 19, 471 18, 481 116, 318 113, 546 +2 Domestic ______------_-- -- __-- _------12, 663 13, 964 14, 314 82, 118 86, 167 -5 Imports ______· _____ ------__ ------_------. ------5, 609 5, 507 4, 167 34, 200 27, 379 +25
Ill. VALUE OF ALL NONRUBBER FOOTWEAR [Dollar amounts in millions]
Domestic shipments ______----- ______------____ ----- ______------__ - ----___ $243. 3 $228.6 $256. 9 $1, 499. 7 -1 1m ports, f .o.b. ____ ------73. 6 74. 9 71. 8 500. 4 +21
Footnotes at end of table. September 17, 1978. EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29983 IV. PRICES
Percent 6 months change, 6 months, June 19731 May 19732 June 1972 1973 1972 1973/1972
Nonrubber footwear average walue per pair: Domestic shipments.... ------...... :---- $5.93 $5.92 $5.52 $6.02 $5.52 +9 2. 92 ImWholesale Ports. ______Price ------Index, all•. commodities ------a______2.97 3.05 2.82 2.54 +n 136.7 133.5 118.8 130.3 117.6 +n Nonrubberfootwear •••. ------129.3 129.3 125.8 130.2 121. 6 +1 137.2 137.2 126.8 ro~~=n~~~~y:'isses'::::::::::::= ______136.7 121.8 +12 :::=------123.7 123.8 125.0 125.8 121. 3 +4 Children's and infants'------ 129.6 129.6 127.3 129.5 123.6 +5 Consumer Price Index, all items•------======~132.4 131.5 125.0 130.1 124.2 +5 :itt:!!rand upkeeP------126.8 126. 7 122.1 125.1 121. 6 +3 130.0 130.3 124.7 128.8 123.8 +4
V.LABOR
202.1 197.7 209.3 196.6 203.5 -3 176. 5 172.1 182.8 170.9 177.0 -3 $105. 84 $103. 79 $102. 97 $102.32 $100. 75 +2 $2. 70 $2. 71 $2.62 $2. 70 $2.62 +3 39.2 38.3 39.3 38.0 38.5 -1
VL COST OF MATERIALS
Wholesale Price Index, all commodities a. 136. 7 133.5 118. 8 130.3 117.6 +n Hides and skins.==~..=-....;;;;;;-_~=====-===______241.6 253.5 204. l 259. 7 175.3 +_4_8 249.9 270.6 235. 8 276.0 192.3 g:mii~!d~ .. ~-===== ---- -==-- -= -· ---- - :-::::-- - ======------: 131. 4 131. 4 122. 2 136. 7 106. 7 :i=: All leathers___ ------======+~24156.4 159. 7 138. l 161. 2 130. 5 153. 4 157.8 141.1 162. 8 130. 9 g:v!:i~!d'=--=- : ------·: - : - _------::: - - ::: ---- · ------·- =---: 124. 2 124.2 106.4 121.1 98. 5 +~i
1 Preliminary, a index base, 1967=100. 2 Revised, s Independents are defined as stores of firms operating less than 11 retail stores. Source: AFIA, U.S. Departments of Commerce, labor and Agriculture. • Chains are defined as stores of firms operating 11 or more retail stores.
H.R. 14-CONSUMER PROTECTION The task we are pursuing here today-the state pa.rt of my testimony before this Sub AGENCY creation of a new agency to represent con committee in April of 1971 : sumers before the federal establishment--is In evaluating the testimony of witnesses, no less urgent because we have failed in its I hope that extraordinary weight is given HON. BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL accomplishment on two previous occasions. to the views of expert consumer spokesmen. I OF NEW YORK To ·the contrary, today's cllmate of shock also suggest that the views of the business ing inflation and skyrocketing food prices; community be treated with some caution. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of energy shortages and product quality de The sincereity of those views is not in doubt. Monday, September 17, 1973 terioration; of high interest rates and even But neither is the historical antagonism of higher corporate profits-and the govern producer groups to legislation designed to a.id Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Speaker, hear mental processes and programs that have the consumer. Behind the testimony of busi ings began today on legislation to create led to these conditions-make the establish ness interests at these proceedings is their a new Federal · Consumer Protection ment of a Consumer Protection Agency more fervent desire to minimize the ability of any · Agency. The proposed agency would rep imperative than ever. independent Consumer Protection Agency to The need for a Consumer Protection Agen contest industry objectives at the federal resent the consumer interest before Fed level. Let us be mindful that this bill does eral departments and agencies on issues cy, to advocate the consumer interest before federal agencies whose decisions affect the not attempt to regulate business practices; it affecting the health, safety, and economic health, safety and economic well-being of does not attempt to legislate corporate policy well-being of the buying public. Present millions of Americans, was well-established or behavior. What it seeks is to give consum ly, there is a dramatic imbalance be long ago. Almost no one finds credible any ers an effective representative in Washing tween the ability of consumer groups to longer the argument that consumer sov ton. In the case of consumer representation get represented and the ability of indus ereignty reigns supreme in the marketplace a.t the federal level, there now exists a start try to make known its views before and and that the normal checks and balances be ling imbalance which favors producers. Only within the Federal Government. tween competing economic forces in society the creation of a.n independent Consumer are adequate for the American consumers' Agency with a. strong Congressional man I testified in favor of. my bill, H.R. 14, protection. That consumers lack adequate date can bring about the proper balance. Be which is cosponsored by 92 other House representation both before and within the cause their interests a.re so broad and des Members. The testimony sets forth some federal government was the motivating factor perate, consumers will never have the kind of of the reasons why such an agency must behind Senator Kefauver's introduction of a organized representation-trade associations, be established immediately. My testi- . Department of Consumer Affairs Bill early in lawyers, lobbyists-that has been so effec mony follows: the 1960s. In the 88th Congress, I introduced tive for producer groups. Only government H.R. 7879, to establish a. Department of Con can fill that void. STATEMENT OF CONGRESSMAN BENJAMIN S. sumer Affairs. That bill had no co-sponsors. This Subcommittee cannot hope to ap ROSENTHAL In the 89th Congress, 24 House members co prove a bill that will satisfy both the business SEPTEMBER 17, 1973. sponsored Department of Consumer Affairs and consumer communities. I hope it does I appreciate the opportunity to testify in legislation. That figure rose to 61 in the 90th not try. It must choose either to create a support of H.R. 14. This bill, which has been Congress and 88 in the 91st Congress. A bi Consumer Protection Agency and a White co-sponsored by 92 of our colleagues, would partisan effort to create a Consumer Protec House office that consumers can look to with establish an independent Consumer Pro tion Agency during the 92d Congress enjoyed pride and confidence; or, it can approve a. bill tection Agency (CPA) and an Office of Con the co-sponsorship of 142 Congressmen. about which the trade associations will boast sumer Affairs in the Executive Office of the In order to set the framework for my in newsletters to their members, as they President. testimony here today, I would like to re- did last year, "We have won again." · 29984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 17, 1973 The economic distress now being experi p:r.ograms, acreage allotments, marketing USDA's Standardization Section character enced by consumers makes quick and .favor quotas and long-term land retirement pro- ized these comments, as follows: "All we can able action on the Consumer Protection grams. There are no consumers and no con- go by ls what we hear from the public. And Agency legislation imperative. Although it sumer representation involved in this we would give more weight to someone like is not possible for me to prove to this Sub process. a meat scientist or a trade association than committee, beyond a reasonable doubt, that In Washington, administration decisions an individual consumer who obviously knows the prior existence of a Consumer Protection l'E'lating to export controls, acreage produc- nothing very much a.bout the problem." Agency would have altered significantly Ad tlon, farm prices and the like are based on A similar kind of disdain for the views of ministration decisions regarding the cost of reports and studies from the Department of consumers was refle.cted in a September 12, living and other issues of importance to the .Agriculture's Inter-agency Commodity Esti-- 1972 decision of the Department of Agricul buying public, consumers would at least mates Committee, chaired by the Adminis· - ture to -permit the use of sodium acid pyro have been represented on the governmental trator of the Agricultural Stabilization and phosphate in sausage prod~cts to speed cur field of battle. And the doubts of millions of Ccmservation Service._The various food com-: ing. Althoug most of the il7 comments sub American consumers that the government is modity committees-which comprise the Inter---mitted to the Department on its proposal willing and able to protect their interests, agency Estimates Committee have members- were from individual consumers in opposi would have been largely removed. from USDA's Export Marketing Service, Eco- tion to the plan, the Department approved This year there are competing for approval nomic Research Service and the Foreign Ag- use of the additive by noting that "most of three separate approaches toward the estab rlcultural Service. The function of this group -the comments consisted of opinions without lishment of a Consumer Protection Agency: is to make official estimates to the Secretary supportive data or information." H.R. 14 et al, H.R. 21 et al and H.R. 564. of Agiiculture on agricultural stocks, pro- Mr. Chairman, there are endless other ex There are, of course, significant differences duction, price evaluations, import needs, and amples of why a Consumer Protection between these three approaches; but, at least domestic consumption requirements. Agency is so desperately needed. As re as between H.R. 14 and H.R. 21, there are also . T1:1e point I wish to make here is that this cently as March of 1973 the Federal Trade great similarities. It is my hope that the mtrica~ apparatus-the ASCS state and_!oc_~! Commission denied the appeal of three maj differences can be satisfactorily resolved by C,?mm.i~tees and the Commodity .Estimates or .consumer groups to intervene in the the members af this Committee so that a g_oup_ in Washintgon-provides important-- ITT-Wonder Bread false advertising case meaningful bill can be reported to the House. c'!.uta 1npu~ to the Secretary of Agriculture before the commission. In dissenting from Although I think we all understand the out of which emerges official policy on ex- that decision commissioner Mary Ga d need for a consumer advocate at the federal p.orts, import~, acreage productlo~ restric- Jons stated that the Commission's r:ru~!~ level, I would like to spend a few minutes ~ions, marketmg orders and the llke. Most was "simply an arbitarary refusal to hear examining how the existence of a Consumer importantly, this apparatus is closed to con- these particular interven f Protection Agency might operate in the con sumers and even unknown to the public at . . . ors or reasons text of some of today's most pressing con large - which the Comm1Ss10n refuses to disclose." sumer problems. A d1osely related example of how consumers In November of 1972, the Interstate Com are shut out of the Department of Agricul- merce C~mmission rejected an individual FOOD PRICES AND AVAILABILITY ture's decision-making process is that the consumer s request to be allowed to file only It is clear to me from constituent mall and Foreign Agricultural Service at this very mo- one copy of comments, as opposed to ~he from national opinion polls, that the cost of ment, is actively engaged in spending tax dol- c~tomary 15, to an ICC proposal dealmg living in general and the cost of lars to promote the sale abroad of agricul- with household moving companies. food in particular are the major problems tural commodities, like soybeans and wheat, What I have described briefly above are Ublic receiving social security tered the labor market by the millions over wages to those paid younger people, but take benefits, differentiates sharply between the the past decade has done more to reduce the case of someone earning half the median two programs. the number of families below the poverty wage, or $4,500. For an elderly person, the Although SSI clearly takes the first step income level than any other single occur net yield from employment paid at this rate towards an overall income maintenance pro rence. The contributions of women earners is $3,300 and the loss in income of $1,200 gram, the strong feelings about social se to their families' income cannot be easily represents an effective tax rate of over 36 per curity, and the widespread ignorance of its cent. In the schedule of federal personal in welfare content, will probably prevent any measured, in terms of their human signifi cance, by simply quantitative statements come taxes, such a rate applies to incomes easy substitution of such a program, fi over 20 times as great. Of course, the elderly nanced from general revenues, for social se about average dollar sums or median wages. worker also pays social security tax on the curity. Precisely because the system has But clearly economic dependence for the earnings, and has occupational expenses as been described for so many years in terms family can no longer be defined in terms of well to reduce take-home pay. of insurance and of contributions, the pub the male breadwinner as the means of This provision clearly exposes the conflict lic may be unwilling to relinquish the myth support. between income maintenance and income of self-support in favor of income main Aside from defining economic dependency, insurance. If retirement benefits are de tenance. the family has also been accepted as the signed to replace earnings (i.e., income in OUTDATED ASSUMPTIONS basic unit of analysis for many social phe surance) , then clearly they should not be This brings up the other basic conflict in nomena. Social security benefits, welfare paid at all when earnings exist. But since the social security system as a whole: that programs and the whole concept of income retirement benefits provide very low income among the differing economic roles played by maintenance merely symbolize or reflect this to many people, the goal of income adequacy an individual during his or her lifetime. The fairly widely accepted construct. Yet the no results in their being allowed to supplement system receives its funds from workers as tion that children require the mother's care their social security payments with earn individuals: all wage-earners pay the same and attention may itself be questioned since ings, albeit earnings taxed at extremely rate of tax without regard to their family young mothers with small children are join high rates. ing the labor force more rapidly than older situation; no provisions exist for Joint fl.ling THE IMPACT ON POVERTY or for figuring total family income. Benefits, women or than men. From 1960 to 1971, the number of families Another conflict over the goal of maintain however, go to individuals and their depend ing adequate incomes is seen in the impact of ents who are identified in terms of a family. headed by men increased from 40 to 47 mil lion, or about 16 percent, while the number the social security system on those with low The amount of income received, therefore, incomes. The average payments for retired reflects the family situation rather than that headed by women rose from 4 to 6 million, or about 38 per cent. Only a few among these workers a.mount to less than the poverty level of the individuals in the family. Major in income for elderly single people, although the equities arise when more than one individual latter families receive any support for the children from their fathers. benefit to retired couples averages slightly in a family has contributed to social security, above the poverty level. This means that for the system does not yet provide that bene UNFAm TO WOMEN many beneficiaries have not "earned" from fits can be calculated on the basis of two sets These changes in the economics of the their "contributions" sufficient income to of earnings. family pose special problems for women. keep them out of poverty. With significant An example may help: This year the social Social security benefits they earn tend to increases in social security benefits last year security base, (the maximum earnings to be much smaller than those for men, chiefly and this year, the number of poor people over which the tax is applied) amounts to $10,- _because working women are confined to low 65 has, however, dropped from almost 5 mil 800, which means about $590 in taxes for a wa.ge occupations. A woman who works full lion in 1969 to a.bout 3 million today. man earning this amount. If this man mar time, year-round, ea.rn'S 57 per cent of what Among poor people who are not 65, the ries a woman earning $6,000 who pays social system works hardship because of the im security taxes of $351, their combined "con her ma.le counterpart does-a substantial decline from the 65 per cent fraction of a pact of taxes. Families and individuals with tributions" amount to $941. But a man whose incomes below the poverty level pay no fed salary equals that joint income-that is, decade a.go. It follows that the regressive na ture of the payroll tax also bears more heav eral income tax: in 1972 a family of four someone earning $16,000-would not pay that with about $4,500 of income or a single per amount of tax. His total social security con ily on )"Omen; for the increasing number working to support their children, the pro son with an income of $2,163 would have been tribution is the $590 payable on the first so exempted. Of the 5 million families classi $10,800 of earnings. tection offered by social security may not seem worth the cost. fied thus as "poor" in 1972, about half con The problem can also be revealed by com tained at least one person who was employed, paring benefits. If both men are married On the other hand, the economic work women perform at home does not count as and in over a million families two workers and each have the same years of earnings: brought home wages and salaries. Despite their social security disability or retirement "covered" employment under the Social Se curity Act so there is no way for women out the fa.ct that their earnings were insufficient benefits will be equal. Ea.ch will be entitled to raise the family out of poverty, these to the same monthly payment, plus one-half side the labor force to earn rights to dis ability or retirement income. Hardship re people paid social security taxes at the same the dollar amount for his wife. The fact that rate as the highest salaried executive in the one wife has, herself, worked at covered em sults for the divorced woman, whose yea.rs ployment and contributed to social security spent in caring for husband and children country. Especially for the two-earner fam may or may not provide the family with ad may have precluded her taking a pa.id Job, ily, total income might well have exceeded the ditional income. If the benefits she is entitled and for the widower with young children, poverty level had it not been for social to, in her own capacity as a retired ( or dis who has to pay for domestic services. security. abled) worker, exceed her allowance as a This problem points up the conflict in the These controversial issues cannot be easily dependent wife, then she may, of course, system between taxing individuals as earn solved. They pose hard questions about goals: collect the higher sum. But in over one mil ers but paying benefits to family member Do we want income insurance or income lion cases the return is negative; that is, the and dependents. If benefits should be cal maintenance? What are the demands of elderly woman who has worked receives more culated on the basis of family needs, then equity and of ethics? But they cannot hon as her husband's dependent wife or widow why not tax wage earners on the basis of estly be dealt with until the additional ques than she would from her own retirement total family income, rather than regarding tion about people as earners and as family benefit. In millions of other cases the dif- them as separate individuals? If, on the members can be squarely faced. If the sys ference is very small and in many cases falls other hand, the present system of allowances tem taxes each worker as an individual, 1t sho.rt of the annual social security taxes paid for wives and widows recognizes their eco should pay the beneficiary as an individual; before retirement. nomic contribution of household care, then if it pays benefits in terms of family status, There are other anomalies in the system's why not vest their rights to social security it should tax the worker on the basis of treatment of two or more earners in the same benefits in themselves as people, rather than family status. 29988 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 17, 1973 GANNETT REPORTER CHRONICLES half, enough to block an appropriation of the has produced on the war issue. For years it CHANGING HOUSE SENTIMENT kind that whistled through in 1965. And if operated under Sam Rayburn's tight rules. TOWARD VIETNAM WAR not quite enough to override the President's With the changes in rules under Speaker desire to keep bombing Cambodia, it was Albert and the arrival of the new "mediagen sufficient to force last week's compromise ic" House members, new stars are rising, but ending it on Aug. 15. · it is a long way to go and too late for the war HON. ANTONIO BORJA WON PAT It has been a long process, marked by issue. OF GUAM violence, anger, public demonstrations, As the minority party in both Houses weary rhetoric, bad judgment, and dis IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES throughout the war years, the Republicans appointments along the way. played a mixed role. Under Rep. Gerald R. Monday, September 17, 1973 The House now has the votes to shut off Ford, R-Mich., they often complained to Pres the war. ident Johnson that he could not have his Mr. WON PAT. Mr. Speaker, with the The public was ready to cut it off long guns and butter, too, but they always found end of the Vietnam War and the rapidly ago, Judging by public opinion polls, and it easier to cut the butter. Once during a approaching cessation of hostilities else President Nixon has already done most of debate on domestic issues in 1967, Republi where in Southeast Asia, America's role the work. The House is getting into the act cans began shouting, "War! War! War!" to in these matters during the past decade somewhat late, taking a tough position with the Democrats' boasts of their full employ will increasingly come under the scrutiny the President after years of trying to court ment and prosperity. But Johnson could of historians. the White House into stopping an un count on the Republicans' votes. declared war that dragged on. Two Republican critics of the war policy History's judgment, of course, can be The seven who voted against the Vietnam under Defense Secretary Robert S. McNamara no more accurate than its source ma money in 1965 did so at great political risk turned out to be an unlikely pair in later terial. I believe that it behooves all of us, and endured the ostracism of the herd, of political life, but close workers and leaders then, to do our part to assure that the an administration that took this opposition in the House-Charles C. Goodell, who veered information available to future biogra personally. Five of the seven remain in Con off into full time liberalism as a senator, and phers of this era reflects the actual gress-California Democrats George E. Melvin Laird, who later was to become De events--especially where the Congress is Brown Jr., Philip Burton, and Don Edwards; fense Secretary. concerned. Rep. Edith Green, D-Ore., and Rep. John Rep. Howard W. Robison, R-N.Y., typified Conyers, D-Mich. The others were the late a small group of middle-road Republicans Mr. John Simonds, a reporter for the Rep. William Fitts Ryan, D-N.Y., and former who phased from hawk to dove somewhere Gannett Newspaper chain, has made an Rep. John G. Dow, D-N.Y., who was defeated between Johnson and Nixon. Robison, sen excellent contribution to posterity with last year. sitive to anti-war feelings among his univer his story chronicling the history of ap "This appropriation, Mr. Speaker, may sity constituents, offered amendments and propriations within the House of Repre prove to be among the most fatal decisions in wrote letters to the White House urging an sentatives for the Vietnam conflict. His American history," said Dow in 1965. "This end to bombing and a gradual withdrawal of story carries us from the early days of blll is equivalent to a declaration of war troops, but like many he preferred to operate the Tonkin Gulf Resolution, which en with little warning to show it does mean quietly and in the shadows of others. that. This bill commits us to endless Rep. John Anderson, R-Ill., the leader of joyed overwhelming support in the violence." the House Republican Conference, provided House, to the August 15, 1973, House "What we are being asked to do is to the unusual spectacle of a leader voting measure calling for a prompt end to approve the policy and actions of the admin against the President of his own party on the American involvement in Southeast Asia 'lstration in waging war in Vietnam, in the war issue, Anderson urging an end to bomb conflicts. name of the American people," said George ing Cambodia and even voting to override Whatever one's personal views on this Brown. "This I cannot do." the President, a decision that already critical issue, I feel that Mr. Simond's The 408 who voted for the Vietnam money threatens his leadership position. article merits searching attention for its included an interesting political array, many Many events changed the House's attitude no longer in the House-Mayor John V. Lind toward the war. One was the basic fact of historical significance. Accordingly, I say of New York, Melvin Laird of Wisconsin, personalities, today's 435 House members now submit for inclusion in the RECORD the Pentagon, and the White House, Sen. include only 21 7 who were on hand for the at this time Mr. Simonds' story, which John V. Tunney and Lt. Gov. Ed Reinecke of key 408-7 pro-war vote in 1965. appeared in the San Bernardino, Calif., California, Sen. Richard S. Schweiker, R-Pa., The turnover got a big boost last year when Sun-Telegram, Sunday, July 22, 1973. former Sen. Charles E. Goodell of New York, 67 new members were elected, partly because The article follows: Gov. John J. Gilligan of Ohio, for example. 40 elder members retired, some to take ad ONLY SEVEN OPPOSED WAR IN 1965; TODAY IT'S It also included many less well known who vantage of improved pension benefits. DIFFERENT have stayed in the House and quietly changed The coalition of votes against the war their minds. One of these, Rep. John Flynt, also includes a rare group which believes (By John E. Simonds) D-Ga., who is 58, emerged this year as a the U.S. didn't try hard enough to win, and WASHINGTON .--On May 5, 1965, in a vote leader of the fight against further a.ppro anything less than total victory was not that was to become a decision for war only priations for the bombing. Flynt's conversion worth the effort. Freshman Rep. Steven D. seven members of the House of Representa from hawk to dove was so absolute that he Symms, R-Idaho, an ex-Marine and ultra tives opposed a $700 million defense appro led the fight last week against accepting the conservative, is one of these. priation for fighting in Southeast Asia. Aug. 15 halt that the President has since In the late 1960s and 1970, individual "This is not a routine appropriation," signed into law. House races were often billed as the latest President Johnson had said the day before. •'I voted for the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, referendum on the war. They sent to Con "For each member of Congress who supports and I have regretted it almost since the very gress people like Abner Mlkva of Illinois, this request is also voting to persist in our day that I voted for it," Flynt confessed to Ron Dellums of Oakland, Michael Harring effort to halt Communist aggression in South his House colleagues recently. "When I face ton and Robert Drinan of Masschusetts, Vietnam." the Supreme Judge of the Universe, I shall Bella Abzug and Allard Lowenstein of New Rep. Carl Albert, D-Okla., then majority ask Him for mercy and to forgive me for vot York. They have been interesting but limited leader, urged overwhelming support as an ing for the Tonkin Gulf Resolution. I hope in their impact, and Mikva and Lowenstein "act of confidence in our President ... to tell that the spirits of the 50,000 Americans who are already gone. the entire world that we are not going to have been killed in Southeast Asia will not The band of seven opponents in 1965 grew bow to Communist aggression." serve on the jury which tries that case." very slowly in numbers for five years. Most It passed, 408 to 7. Unlike the Tonkin Gulf Others among the 408 who have since anti-war members were liberal Democrats Resolution of 1964 that passed nine months been converted include Joseph Addabbo, D unaccustomed to cultivating people who before, 416-0, this money bill spelled out N.Y., and Clarence Long, D-Md., who have could not side with them on only major the purpose of the vote, and for those in been, with Flynt and Rep. Robert Giaimo, issues. doubt the President and his leaders made it D-Conn., engineers of plans within the House In 1966, the anti-war group couldn't get blunt. "History has shown that appeasement Appropriations Committee to close off the five people to vote against a defense appro means weakness," warned then Speaker John pursestrings on the war. priation, but 78 House members signed a W. McCormack, D-Mass., in a rare floor "Remember how many times we have statement saying their vote for the war speech. heard: "The light at the end of the tun money did not constitute an endorsement for Hif South Vietnam goes, then all of South nel. Don't disturb the situation-and so the war. It was a typical gesture of that time, east Asia goes. That means Australia. That forth." Giaimo recalled in recent House de the intent of their votes not mattering much means the Philippines will be threatened. bate " .... You do not have an old dove talk to Lyndon Johnson who referred to the 89th Formosa, South Korea, even Okinawa-all ing in the well right now. I supported the war as "my Congress" with some justification for of the Far East defenses will be threatened," in Vietnam. I have supported it for years, to the boast. McCormack said, reciting the domino theory. my sorrow, because I at long last realized it But concern was mounting, and in 1967, Now, eight years later, there are at least was a mistake. I at long last finally realized the grand total of 18 members voted against 240 votes in the House to stop fighting and the utter futility of it." spending money for bombing North Viet bombing in Southeast Asia. It is more than The House hasn't had the stars the Senate nam from a $4.5 billion defense bill. The September 17, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29989 group by that time had attracted people who This year, the situation was different. For business character from inroads by real have been its stalwarts right up until today the first time, Albert was ready to vote estate interests, has been approved by Robert Kastenmeier, D-Wis.; Patsy Mink, against the war, and the Democrats had a the city planning commission. As I have D-Hawaii; Henry Helstoski, D-N.J.; Charles majority behind him, outnumbering those testified, this is a necessary first step. Diggs, D-Mich.; Sidney Yates, D-Ill., Thomas on the Armed Services Committee and key However, the district as outlined. has military appropriations chairman like Rep. Rees, D-Calif., Benjamin Rosenthal, D-N.Y., important omissions. Furthermore, it is and Don Fraser, D-Minn. They, plus the Bob Sikes, D-Fla., who led the battle against original seven, gave the anti-war faction its blocking the Cambodian bombing funds. a temporary or interim district, and there hard core. This year there also was no attempt at har has been no concrete assurance that a In 1968, the year of the Tet offensive, monizing with the President in the language permanent district will contain adequate the McCarthy and Kennedy campaigns, of of the amendments and no need to make safeguards for the community. Indeed, President Johnson stepping down because them carefully conditional on the release of there have been informal indications of the war, and the bloody Democratic Con the POWs. In May the Addabbo amendment that the permanent district will be of a vention in Chicago, the House was busy passed, followed by the Long amendment, weaker nature than the interim one. with domestic problems and cleared its big both to halt the Cambodian bombing. Then In addition, there are a number of military bills with little trouble from anti in June, the House adopted Giaimo's amend war members. Their high for the year was ment agreeing to the Senate amendment other serious problems on which there 29 votes against the Foreign Military Sales against spending money for bombing any has been little or no progress. Still un Act. where in Southeast Asia. resolved are the issues of convention In 1969, President Nixon's pledge to end Appropriations Chairman George Mahon, center-connected job opportunities for the war captured the imagination of such D-Tex., tried to delay it until Sept. 1, but lost Clinton area residents, the prospect of middleroad Democrats as Rep. Jim Wright, in a spectacular 204-204 tie. After President extreme traffic congestion, and the over D-Tex., and Wayne Hays, D-Ohio, who offered Nixon vetoed the bill, the House sustained all environmental impact of the center. a conciliatory "Peace with Justice in Viet him, then pushed through the measure Concerning the latter issue, for instance, agreeing to the Aug. 15 compromise on end nam" resolution. Its language aroused the I believe strongly, that without a subway suspicions of the antiwar members who ing the bombing. warned that it was another Tonkin Gulf to service the area, a system of electri scheme hatched by the Republicans. It cally powered minibuses should be em passed 334-55, after an attempt to open it ployed to hold down air pollution. for amendments failed, 252-100. BELLA ABZUG URGES GO SLOW Also unresolved and a matter of great The year of Cambodia, Kent State, and the POLICY ON NEW YORK CITY CON concern is the validity of funding this Con Son tiger cages, 1970, raised the House's VENTION CENTER center out of the city's capital budget anti-war population to formidable size. Rep. when New Yorkers have so many pressing Donald Riegle, D-Mich., then a Republican, emerged as a vocal critic of his party. Riegle's needs. move to have the House accept the Senate's HON. BELLA S. ABZUG I do not have a closed mind about (Cooper-Church) amendment against any OF NEW YORK locating the proposed convention center more fighting in Cambodia lost, 237-153. Late IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in the Clinton area. However, these out 1n the year, the House did agree to the standing problems which I have just dis amendment, and it became law months after Monday, September 17, 1973 cussed must be satisfactorily resolved the President had withdrawn U.S. troops Ms. ABZUG. Mr. Speaker, the Water before we rush ahead with momentous after their incursion. Resources Subcommittee of the Public decisions and irreversible commitments Riegle led other efforts to turn back de concerning the convention center: The fense money bills unless they would cut off Works Committee has, at my request, de Vietnam spending, but these lost with no leted from the Water Resources Develop stakes are too high for precipitous action. more than 46 votes. Rep. William Anderson, ment Act of 1973 a provision that would Mr. Speaker, recent editorials in each D-Tenn., and Rep. Paul McCloskey, R-Calif., have provided final clearance for the of New York's three major dailies support joined Riegle as angry leaders of the peace waterfront construction of a massive my arguments. The New York Times, the cause in the House. By then its rank and file convention center in Manhattan. New York Daily News, and the New York had already attracted Rep. Ken Hechler, D The deleted provision would have Post believe that consideration of the W. Va., Ogden Reid, D-N.Y. (then a Republi waived navigational servitude require convention center should be delayed until can), Jerome Waldie, and John Tunney, both all of the unanswered questions are D-Calif. ments in New York Harbor for the con In 1971, Rep. Charles Whalen, R-Ohio and struction of the convention center which resolved. Lucien Nedzi, D-Mich., took the lead in try was slated to extend into the Hudson The texts of the editorials follow: ing to set cut-off dates for ending the war. River from 44th to 47th Streets in my f From the New York Times, Sept. 12, 1973] Both members then of the Armed Services district. As a matter of public policy, all CONVENTION CENTER Committee, they sought_a measure similar such construction should be subservient The questions raised by the New York City to the Hatfield-McGovern deadline of the to the needs of harbor navigation. Convention Center ar~ as big as the proposed Senate side. Their proposed year-end money Because of a number of still unresolved facility and there are no easy answers. Its cut-off lost, 258-155, and a series of substi issues which threaten the existence of proponents, the Convention Center Corpora tutes with different deadlines suffered worse tion and the city, claim that it will meet a defeats. the Clinton community, where the pro pressing need for new trade show and com Rep. Edward Boland, D-Mass., later tried a posed New York City Convention Center mercial exhibition space of a size to compete similar approach with a July 1, 1972, dead would be located, I could not support an with other cities with new centers, and that line, and like Nedzi and Whalen, tied to the amendment that would provide a waiver it will be a generator of jobs, taxes and in release of American prisoners- of war. It was eliminating the need for the center to come for New York on a grand scale. They defeated, 238-163. The movement seemed to meet navigational servitude require have an impressive set of studies and figures be gaining a few votes each time. ments in New York harbor. to prove it. Those who oppose the scheme In the big election year of 1972, Rep. have an equally impressive set of figures to Michael Harrington, D-Mass., offered an As the Representative of the people disprove the Convention Center's claims. The amendment cutting off Vietnam funds by of Clinton, I have for many months been fact is that no one has really proved any Sept. 1 as conditional on the release of U.S. involved in negotiations and conversa thing. prisoners. It lost 244-152. tions with city and convention center If one assumes that all the projections of In a dramatic effort, the House Foreign Af officials about questions of deep concern the Civic Center Corporation are true, it fairs Committee voted, 18-17, last year to ap to Clinton. Throughout this period, I re could well be the boon to the city's economy prove a foreign military aid bill with an Oct. peatedly stated that I could not support a and vitality that its supports say. Certainly 1 cut-off of funds for Indochina. Two efforts navigational servitude waiver unless ade there are few who love the Coliseum, the de were made to change it on the floor. Repre quate progress was achieved on these fects of which are legion and legendary. But sentative Whalen sought to move the cut-off issues. While there has been some prog even accepting the desirability of the mam back to Dec. 31, and lost, 304-109, in a ma ress, it has not been nearly adequate moth project, solutions to the mammoth neuver that set anti-war members in disarray. problems that it poses are not in sight. enough to assure the continued existence Then Rep. Richard Bolling, D-Mo., moved to That the structure will have a major en Clinton a stable, thriving commu knock out the money cut-off entirely and of as vironmental impact is beyond argument. The won, 229--177. The bill passed, 221-172. nity on to guarantee fu:I protection of city and the Convention Center Corporation The aid measure spll t the Democrats from the environment. have worked diligently with the neighboring their leaders. The Democratic caucus en The creation of a special district, cov Clinton community to bulwark it against the dorsed the cut-off date, but Speaker Albert ering much of Clinton and designed to shock waves of mega.development and rising stuck with the President. protect its current residential and small land prices and all the dislocation this brings, 29990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 17, 1973 but the process has the air of a futile, formal ing the effect on the city's environment is appeal for assistance from the beleaguered pavane on the way to the exit of the Lind still to be received. _Colonies; and say administration. Although the Clinton If the center project is really the indis Whereas General von Steuben, drawing area has just been declared a special district pensable civic and commercial masterwork upon his experience and his vision, instructed eligible for protective measures, large chunks that its supporters claim, they should be forces mobilized by the Continental Con have been excluded from the designation, and able to reveal its virtues more convincingly. gress, directed training at Valley Forge, and it is anyone's guess how the next administra They deserve time to try. In the meantime, established discipline and morale which en tion will carry out these plans and promises. the New Yorkers most endangered by the abled disordered, retreating forces to rally This small, stable community is still fighting project are entitled to real protection, not and reorganize following the Battle of Mon for its life. promises. mouth; and Circulation and transportation remain Whereas General von Steuben served with critical issues in spite of carefully designed distinction as inspector general of the colo ramps and entrances and sanguine talk VON STEUBEN DAY nial forces, in command of the district of about special bus routes. During shows, 45,- Virginia, and during the siege of Yorktown; 000 people a day are expected to make their and way across Manhattan. There would be more HON. FRANK ANNUNZIO Whereas the drill r-egulations and rules cause for optimism if a projected east-west OF ILLINOIS of oi:der and discipline for troops of the Col subway link had not been dropped, and if onies conceived and promulgated by Gen there were any visible signs that midtown IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES eral von Steuben were formally adopted by chaos is to be less than a permanent condi Monday, September 17, 1973 the Continental Congress as the governing tion. code for forces of the Revolution; and The city is surprisingly untroubled about Mr. ANNUNZIO. Mr. Speaker, Sep Whereas the ideas and methods advocated the air and noise pollution that can only be tember 17 is the anniversary of the birth and perfected by General von Steuben were increased by the immense truck, bus and of Gen. Friedrich Wilhelm vor.. Steuben, reflected in the establishment of the United automobile-serviced installation envisaged. one of the leading patriots of the Revo States Military Academy; and The Convention Center Corporation's en lutionary War. Whereas the United States regularly shows vironmental impact study now being pre General von Steuben received a great appreciation to heroes ·or· other nationalities pared in accordance with Federal law can who were conspicuous in the fight for inde only show the degree to which the pollution estate from New York State and a large pendence; and levels will be raised. Everything seems to rest award from Congress for his outstanding Whereas the anniversary of the birth of on the hope that the city's recommended contributions to the winning of Ameri General von Steuben and the anniversary of procedures will lower those levels enough to can independence. Along with General the completion of labors of the Constitution bring the increase under the line. Lafayette he was second only to General al Convention coincidentally fall on Sep- All of which suggests a go-slow on the $50- Washington as a shaper of th~ Conti tember 17: Now, therefore, be it · million appropriation before the Board of nental Army. Resolved by the Senate and House of Rep Estimate this week, which will advance the Indeed, it was George Washington resentatives of the United States of America planning and design stage further into the in Congress assembled, That the President unretractable before any of these essential bm~elf who, in his final act as general of the United States is authorized annually questions are answered. Admittedly, there is of our Revolutionary Army, wrote: to issue a proclamation calling upon officials a gamble for large commercial benefits. For I wish to make use of this last moment of the Government to display the flag of the New York, the gamble is the even larger one of my public life to signify, in the strongest United States on all governmental buildings of community and quality of life. terms, my entire approbation of your con each September 17 and urging the people of duct, and to express my sense of the obliga the United States to observe the day with [From the New York Daily News, Sept. 13, tions the public is under to you, for your appropriate ceremonies commemorating the 1973] faithful and meritorious services. birth and the services of General Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben. LAST CHANCE To FIND OUT That lettei was addressed by George The Board of Estimate will get a final op Washington to Gen. Friedrich Wilhelm I am pleased and honored to join with portunity soon to look closely at the proposed German-Americans in the 11th Congres.:. West Side Convention Center before it leaps von Steuben. into committing $200 million of city money Von Steuben came to America in 1777 sional District of Illinois, which I am to the controversial project. to offer his talents to that great cause -proud to represent, in the city of Chi So far, sponsors have failed to come up then being born on this continent. In so cago, and all over the Nation who are with a detailed environmental impact study. doing he set an example for all time for celebrating German-American friend: Plans for shuttling thousands of peoples to millions of other Americans of German ship and the brilliant accomplishments and from the facility are sketchy. origm, who have contributed untold of this German-American patriot, Gen. Those matters pale, however, before the ·Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben, and ex financial angles. Once sold as a self-support wealth to their adopted Nation. ing venture, the center now is to be built During the bitter days at Valley Forge, tend to them my best wishes and con: entirely with public funds. Taxpayers may General von Steuben sustained the cour gratulations. America is a nation of emi even be stuck for operating subsidies unless age of his men and contributed his pri grants, and Americans of German de the optimistic, unspeclfic projections of utili vate funds for their well-being. He scent have contributed mightily to the zation offered by supporters hold up. drilled and taught them so that whtm greatness of our country. The board owes it to New Yorkers to get winter subsided the American troops firm answers. Let's not get saddled with a emerged more prepared than ever to en white elephant. gage the best army of the day in equal combat. PEACE AND VIOLENCE [From the New York Post, Sept. 13, 1973] During that winter ht- also wrote ·the No STAMPEDE, PLEASE "Regulations for the Order and Disci As anyone familiar with the mammoth pline of the Troops of the United States." HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK project is fully aware, the proposed West Side In 1781 von Steuben served with Lafay OF OHIO convention center has been given an equally IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sizable publicity buildup. But there is no ette in the batttle against Cornwallis' reason to rush ahead with more substantial invasion of Virginia, and &.t the battle Monday, September 17, 1973 construction. of Yorktown he commanded one of the to Specifically, it will be an unwarranted and three divisions of the Continental Army. Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, those potentially very expensive action if the Board who have for years stressed the oppres The U.S. Senate passed a joint resolu sive nature of Communist governments of Estimate proceeds today to authorize ini tion in 1961 authorizing the President to tial financing for the center's development oveT their peoples, the recent statements without waiting for more data. proclaim September 1 ·7 of each year as of Nobel Prize winning novelist Aleksandr Little effort has been spared by the cen General von Steuben Memorial Day. A I. Solzhenitsyn and physicist Andrei D. ter's enthusiasts in promoting the plan; to c1.,py of that resolution follows: Sakharov, both captives of the Soviet re them, it is apparently axiomatic that the RESOLUTION gime, have come as a very welcome en center will be a veritable cornucopia of rev- Whereas the successful conclusion of the dorsement of our concern. No further 0:1ue. But persuasive figures are lacking, struggle of American colonists for liberty was · here are serious concerns about costs, the immeasurably aided by sacrifices and serv comment is necessary on the letter of :,redictions of occupancy are speculative, the ices of freedom-loving nationals of many Mr. Solzhenitsyn proposing Mr. Sakharov i~npact on the West Side Clinton community countries; and for the 1973 Nobel Peace Prize which ap s ~ands to be severe-notwithstanding the Whereas General Friedrich Wilhelm von peared in the New York Times of Sep concessions they have been able to obtain Steuben, following a brilliant military career tember 15, 1973. and the pending "impact statement" project- in his native Germany, responded to the The letter is an eloquent expose of the September 17, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29991 de.cadent double standard of pragmatism It goes without saying that, with former Attorney General, simply had no idea, to vitality quantitative growth and continuous terri simply could not have guessed t.bat the pris as contrasted the of basic torial spread, terrorism at some point be oner of war who handed over a piece of paper, moral values. The Solzhenitsyn letter· comes a guerrila. movement (either for gain needed by Clark for his political purposes, follows: ing control over one's own territory or for had just been subjected to torture? (The PEACE AND VIOLENCE carrying war and revolution to someone only thing that Clark might not have known (By Aleksandr I. Solzhenitsyn) else's territory), and a guerrilla movement, was the form of the deception, namely a I in turn, may grow into a regular war, con broken arm being raised and lowered by a The last few generations, having been ducted national frontiers by military staffs. string drawn through a pulley in the ceil shaken by two successive great world wars, For all the indivisibility of violence, such ing.) Quite understandably, no one in the committed an emotional error, a shift in smooth transitions do exist, yes, and they United States reproached Clark for it. After their thinking: They began to view wars may pose some problems of distinction, espe all, that· was not Watergate. almost exclusively as the threat to a peace cially for those emotionally interested in not Only such a lopsided moral outlook could ful, Just and benevolent existence of man, getting at the truth and in justifying some have induced the leader of the British Labor and this gave rise to the basic opposition of forms of violence. part;v- to ~sit a foreign country (of course, "Peace and War." I can encourage these drawers of fine dis not m Africa-that he would never have been Widely touted congresses were convened, tinctions with an example out of the his f<:>rgiven!) and to grant self-appointed for World Peace Councils were elected, and the tory of the U.S.S.R. The massive peasant giveness to the Government without once label of "peace partisans" was attached to movements of 1920-21 in Siberia, the consulting the local population. [An allusion public figures who devoted their efforts Tambov region and in Uzbekitsan, involving to Harold Wilson's visit to Czechoslovakia in (some sincerely, others demagogically) to tens of thousands of people and spreading 1972.] the prevention of new wars (sometimes over areas the size of entire countries (on a. And when in 1968, with the memories of meaning a particular category of wars, while European scale), were labeled banditry with August still fresh, only the Norwegians sug favoring wars of another category). out the slightest terminological inhibition, gested that not all nations be admitted to Yet the label of "peace partisan" sounded and this term has become so firmly im the Olympic Games (in Mexico City), the much better than the deeds for which it was planted in the consciousness of the surviving majority of Olympic officials became uneasy, awarded. A movement "against war" is still descendants of the rebels (and not many frowned and muttered something about the far from being a movement "for peace." survived) that they now refer to their supreme interests of sports and business. The opposition of "peace and war" con fathers and grandfathers as "bandits" with And yet, how they would close ranks if it tains a. logical error in the sense that the out the slightest hint of irony. were a matter of protesting the other way. entire thesis (peace) is opposed to only By the same token, any spontaneous mass Could, say, the Republic oPRESS ON THE PROWL In so conducting themselves, professional spending is vital. The truth is that waste is (By Paul A. McKalip} journalists have breached their trust as mem rampant throughout the bureaucracy and bers of the separate and independent Fourth with at least 30 cents of every tax dollar I do not claim that the Tucson Daily Estate. Newsday analyst Thomas Collins goes going to defense, Congress would be foolish Citizen is "the press" any more than I accept so far as to compose this indictment: to ignore that part of the budget in its efforts the misconception that the Washington Post "Besides being a physical presence on the to restore some efficiency in government. and the New York Times are "the press." scene, the press is playing an active role in It is a well-documented fact that defense Nevertheless, I concede that the Post the proceedings and may shape the outcome contracts are among the most wasteful and Times axis comes close to being "the press" in ways that have not yet been measured." uncontrollable ways the government allo on the Washington scene where their report That kind of involvement, whether born cates public money. Entire books have been ers are in full cry in a fox-and-hounds chase of bloodlust for a hounded Nixon or spurred written and reams of testimony have con wit h President Nixon as their quarry. by individual dreams of journalistic glory, firmed that overruns, delays, silly contracting There is another force on the Washington is not just unbecoming of those who repre procedures and mistaken priorities have cre news front, however, a force that should be sent newspapers and their readers all over ated spending nightmares. In fact, the re p roviding a balanced report of the news. It the country. It is downright unacceptable cent record of defense contracting extrava is made up of the professional journalists conduct in the eyes of many of us who also gance makes Mr. Nixon's fears of a $6-bil who comprise the capital staffs of the two claim a share of being "the press." lion budget bust seem almost insignificant. national wire services, Associated Press and We in Tucson, together with many others Last year the General Accounting Office re United Press International. in newspapers elsewhere, will hope that our leased an audit of 77 weapons systems being Every segment of "the press,," virtually all wire service forces in Washingt on will re developed. The report showed that overruns of the daily newspapers in all the 50 states, turn to the Watergate story, when the hear would amount to $28.7 billion, or 31 % above relies on either or both AP and UPI for com ings resume, with a regained sense of bal the original cost estimates." These were not all plete on-the-scene news coverage. The Citi ance, fairness and responsibilit y. the defense contracts by any means and the zen, desiring to have the fullest possible total has swelled significantly sin ce the re national reporting, takes both AP and UPI port, but the GAO figures demonstrate that services. The double cost is reflected in added defense spending offers a prime target for value for Citizen readers. trimming government waste. Regretfully to say, both AP and UPI have FAT AND WASTE SHOULD BE CUT Two examples of how defense spending has seemed on occasion to forget their larger FROM AN INFLATED DEFENSE bred inflation are the cases of Litton Indus responsibility for full and fair coverage. I BUDGET tries and the Northrop Corp. When the gov refer, as you might surmise, to Watergate ernment handed Litton two mult imillion dolr news coverage. lar ship building contracts for the Navy, the One glaring error of omission on the part HON. JOE L. EVINS company had no experience in producing of both wire services has been explored OF TENNESSEE military vessels and plannned to construct thoroughly by us in recent weeks. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the ships in a new shipyard using untested On June 14, Sen. Carl Curtis, R-Neb., in procedures. Litton mistakes will cost the a speech in the Senate, made a strong in Monday, September 17, 1973 taxpayers dearly and have already guaran dictment of Democratic majorities on Senate teed that the ships will be produced much investigating committees. He was speaking Mr. EVINS of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, later than expected. from personal experience earlier as a mem the Tennessean of Nashville in a recent The Northrop Corp. contract is even more ber of the Senate Committee on Rules and editorial made the point that there have incredible. Last year the government paid Administration when it investigated the been many indications of waste and in Northrop $369.5 million to produce the F5E Bobby Baker scandal during the Johnson ad efficiency in the Department of De aircraft-a plane that is obsolete for use by ministration. fense-and, therefore, Congress should this country and is given away to Asian That committee was charged with prob carefully examine the budget requests allies. ing the machinations of Bobby Baker's rise And while the administration accuses the from fair-haired page boy to multimillion for DOD with a view of making cuts and Democrats in Congress of wanting to slash. aire while operating under the Capitol dome reductions wherever possible without en defense spending irresponsibly, the most (and under Johnson's patronage}. dangering national security. likely course is a sensible pruning of exces Sen. Curtis declared in his June speech The attitude of this administration at sive programs. The Democratic Study Group that every effort to tear the lid off the Baker times appears to be that the defense reports that counter-budget proposals would case had been blocked "by a straight (Demo budget is sacred and that all domestic slice between $4 and $10 billion from the cratic} party vote." programs are expendable. 1973 fiscal budget. This hardly seems irre For anyone interested in honesty in poli Certainly the editorial is correct--the sponsible when the costs of maintaining a tics and government, which is what the cur combat force in Vietnam dropped from $21.5 rent Watergate committee investigation is defense budget should be cut and re billion in fiscal 1969 to about $2.9 billion in supposed to be about, Sen. Curtis' speech duced, especially in view of the fact that the current fiscal year. The Nixon budget was timely and pertinent. Congress has terminated U.S. participa would not reflect the savings of withdrawing The Citizen and hundreds of other news tion in hostilities in Cambodia. from Vietnam, but rather would add $4.7 bil papers did not carry a word about the Curtis Current defense budget requests re lion. speech-because they did not receive the flects a $5 % billion increase over last Since Pearl Harbor, every administration stories they should have received from either year, and many are asking this question: has been committed to more than just an of their responsible Washington news sources adequate national defense. But to continue AP or UPI. Why cannot the inflated defense budget to insist that the country must overspend We learned about the speech much later be cut? on defense to the extent that Mr. Nixon de and indirectly. Finally, the Citizen developed Because of the interest of my col mands while cutting the heart out of vital its own complete story and published it leagues and the American people in this domestic programs does not make sense. July 20. most important subject, I place the edi Then we wrote stern letters to top execu torial from the Tennessean in the REC tives in New York of both AP and UPI. ORD: H. L. Stevenson, editor of UPI, responded CONGRESS WOULD BE WRONG To WATERGATE HEARINGS with a renewed pledge of "dedication to the fairness doctrine." IGNORE DEFENSE WASTE Conrad Fink, assistant general manager This has been a year of "classic confronta of AP, gave us a two-page report and ad tion," between the President and Congress, HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON mitted: "Simply stated, we booted it." He but perhaps none will be more important OF MASSACHUSETTS than the one now shaping up over the issue added: "We have reviewed this (mishan IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dling} with our staff to make certain there of defense spending. is no repetition." · In his latest press conference, Mr. Nixon Monday, September 17, 1973 The explanation of how AP "booted it" struck out at Congress for its domestic Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, came more clearly into focus when we re spending proposals that would "bust the ceived a special article from our Newsday budget to the tune of $6 billion." But he among other things, the Senate Water service on the subject of Watergate news went on to warn that attempts to trim that gate hearings have revealed the high art r~·- or t ing. much or more out of his $80-billion defense to which former administration officials The Newsday article, which is published requests would be a "fatal mistake." have brought the techniques of loss of tocl.a.y on the Perspective page opposite this · No sensible person could disagree with the memory and obfuscation. The former rage, stands as a credit to "the press" in the President's assertion that the United States full sense of that term. The article exposes must maintain a strong national defense. trait seems to contradict what we have clearly the way in which those who are "the But Mr. Nixon seems to be trying to leave the been told about the "bright, alert minds" press" in Washington have taken unto them public with the impression that much domes that had dwelled in the executive. The selves a "proprietary interest" in Watergate. tic spending is wasteful while all defense latter is an example of the standard 29994 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 17, 1978 method used to deceive and mislead the A. I recall seeing a box on the kitchen will lose deductions, credits or other benefits American people. table and asking whom they were for. that Congress has given them. This forces Mr. Speaker, I would like to insert an Q. Asking whom what were for? taxpayers into expensive court battles to amusing article, by Mr. Ted Trombla, on A. I asked whom what was in the box were maintain their rights. Those who can't afford for. to fight simply lose their rights. this subject that appeared in the North Q. Did you know what was in the box? Shore Weeklies, August 1 issue. Mr. A striking example is the IRS interpreta A. I cannot tell precisely. I may have tion of code section 172 (b) . This law says Trombla has captured the spirit of these known but I cannot say for certain. that, if you have a "net operating loss" in times with great accuracy: Q. Did the previous witness say whom any year instead of net income, you may de THE WATERGATE EFFECT what was in the box were for? duct with loss (with some adjustments) in (By Ted Trombla) A. I think she said for anyone but I may other years. It's a relief provision designed be mistaken. to help people who have suffered financial Senator Sam Ervin's committee hearings Q. And did you then or at some later time setbacks. on Watergate make the greatest sum.mer re remove any of the contents of the box? This relief is aimed at millions of tax placement television has ever seen and if A. I cannot recall having done so, but it is nothing more have at least mercifully payers. You can have a net operating loss possible. I remember that the gas man came . any year if you're in business for yourself. blacked out a third of the idiotic game shows to read the meter. and soap operas that polluted the airwaves. And you can have a net operating loss any Q. So to the best of your recollection you year even though you're not running your They have also proved that acute loss of may or may not have removed and eaten memory is an occupational hazard among own business, if you suffer a theft or casualty some Danish pastries? loss that exceeds your salary or other income. high government officials and have provided A. That is true. free lessons in the arts of deceit and evasion. This can happen if somebody robs your home I thought now we are getting somewhere while you're on vacation, for example, or if It seems to me there is great danger in and with only one left to be questioned the the nation-wide public demonstrations of your house burns down, or if any other incident will soon be explained. casualty befalls you. these arts and I already see evidence that the The child was in her sand box making members of my own family have been cor pies and I interviewed her there. GROSSLY UNFAm rupted by exposure to these practices. Q. Did you see the Danish pastries on the IRS has construed section 1 72 (b) in an Last week I bought six large raspberry and kitchen table? amazing manner. The interpretation is so maple Danish pastries at a Baker in Lowell. A. Yes. strained, so grossly unfair, that IRS has lost When I got home I didn't feel like eating Q. How many were left in the box when five straight court tilts over it, without a any because I had had lunch in a Greek you opened it? single win. Still, IRS sticks to its guns. restaurant and the reason I still wasn't A. Two. The Service's fifth defeat occurred Aug. 28, hungry eight hours later is that if you order Q. Then what did you do? when Tax Court Judge C. Moxley Feather lamb in a Greek restaurant you can expect A. I ate them. ston spanked IRS and plumped for the tax to be served at least one half of the animal That child has a lot to learn. payer, Sidney Axelrod of Columbus, Ohio. and so although I had eaten only one third Axelrod had a 1967 net operating loss of of the order, I couldn't stand the thought of $114,628. Following the code and prior court more food until the next day. decisions, he "carried back" his $114,628 loss, The following morning I still felt the LITTLE TAXPAYER LOSES HIS used it to wipe out his $5,000 ordinary tax Danish were a bit heavy for breakfast so I able income for 1964, and got a refund o! left them for lunch but at lunch time when RIGHTS the tax he had paid on his 1964 ordinary I decided to have some I opened the box and income. He then carried the remaining part discovered that it was empty. All the Danish of his loss, $109,628, and deducted part were gone. Every one. Only a few crumbs HON. MARIO BIAGGI of it in years subsequent to 1964. left. Not even enough for the ants. OF NEW YORK IRS officials balked. They said Axelrod had I thought, this is a fine thing. A man works IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nothing to carry over from 1964. Reason: hard all his life, obeys the laws, votes Repub He had a "net long-term capital gain" of lican and is kind to dogs and when he goes Monday, September 17, 1973 $2,075,066, in '64 in addition to his $5,000 to get a Danish pastry he finds they have all Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, the In ordinary income. IRS said this capital gain been eaten. But by whom? ternal Revenue Service seems unable to absorbed the remainder of Axelrod's 1967 Only three people could have done this. My take "no" for an answer, even if the loss, $109,628, even though he couldn't de granddaughter, her husband, or their child. duct one penny of the loss against the '61: Recalling Senator Ervin's skill in ferreting speaker is the U.S. Tax Court. capital gain! out the dark secrets of the Watergate con Over and over .again, the Tax Court Judge Featherston turned thumbs down. He spirators, I thought to launch an inquiry in has slapped down ms•s claim on a par said the Tax Court will stick with its 1969 similar fashion. ticular intepretation of congressional in decision, Chartier Real Estate Co., in which I asked my granddaughter to take the tent, only to find them harassing another Judge Arnold Raum flatly rejected the IRS stand. taxpayer at a later date. interpretation of code section 172 (b). Q. When did you first learn of the presence Some reins must be put on this broad Ra.urn's decision was affirmed in 1970 by the in this house of the rasp berry Danish First Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals in Boston. pastries? authority that the IRS assumes in the ms was flying in the face of two other de A. I think it was sometime late Wednesday exercise of its functions as the tax collec cisions rejecting its section 172 (b) construc afternoon that I saw a brown pasteboard tor of the Nation. Americans as a whole tion. On Aug. 8, Tax Court Judge William bakery box on the kitchen table, but I can't are among the most honest taxpayers in H. Quealy sided with the Mutual Assurance be sure. the world. Everyone tries to pay his fair Society of Virginia Corporation. And last year, Q. Did you open the box? share. When a taxpayer does win a judg the U.S. District Court, at Seattle decided A. To the best of my recollection, yes. ment in court against the ms, they in favor of the Olympic Foundry Co. IRS Q. What was in the box? to appealed to the Ninth Circuit U.S. Court of A. I can't be sure, perhaps some sort of should be made accept that ruling and Appeals in San Francisco, where this latter pastry. not continue to harass other taxpayers C'9.Se now is pending. Q. Did you then or at some later time take on the same issue. IRS very likely will appeal the decisions one or more of the pastries? Enclosed is a column on one such case of Judge Featherston and Judge Quealy. If A. I think not but I may have done so. which appeared in the New York Daily so, Featherston's will go to the Sixth Circuit There were people in and out of the house News and other newspapers around the in Cincinnati, and Quealy's will go to the and telephone calls and I am not quite clear country on September 12, 1973. I hope Fourth Circuit in Richmond. on this point but I may have done so. IRS very likely will appeal victory in one my colleagues on the Ways and Means of the circuits, thus creating a conflict with Q. In other words, you cannot be sure Committee will consider the unfairness the adverse First Circuit decision in the whether or not you did in fact eat one or of IRS's actions in this area: Chartier case. Such a conflict probably would more of the contents of that box on Wednes LITTLE TAXPAYER LOSES HIS RIGHTS throw the issue into the U.S. Supreme Court. day last? Such legal battles are mighty rough on A. That is correct. (By Edward Stephens) harried taxpayers who get caught in the Thus it was established that this witness Q. Internal Revenue Service officials say IRS meat grinder. In flagrant cases like these, might or might not have eaten one or more they always interpret tax laws with fairness the government should be required to pay the Danish pastries. Her husband testified next. to taxpayers. Is this true? taxpayer's expenses, including the usual big Q. Were you aware of the Danish and do No. ms lawyers often pore over the In one, his attorney's fee. Unfortunately, Tax you recall a conversation with the previous ternal Revenue Code looking for opportuni Court Judges now have no power to make witness regarding them? ties to construe the law so that taxpayers IRS pick up the tab.