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(PHYLUM DICYEMIDA) from CEPHALOPODS in the WESTERN MEDITERRANEAN H Furuya, F Hochberg

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(PHYLUM DICYEMIDA) from CEPHALOPODS in the WESTERN MEDITERRANEAN H Furuya, F Hochberg THREE NEW SPECIES OF DICYEMA (PHYLUM DICYEMIDA) FROM CEPHALOPODS IN THE WESTERN MEDITERRANEAN H Furuya, F Hochberg To cite this version: H Furuya, F Hochberg. THREE NEW SPECIES OF DICYEMA (PHYLUM DICYEMIDA) FROM CEPHALOPODS IN THE WESTERN MEDITERRANEAN. Vie et Milieu / Life & Environment, Observatoire Océanologique - Laboratoire Arago, 1999, pp.117-128. hal-03180483 HAL Id: hal-03180483 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03180483 Submitted on 25 Mar 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. VIE ET MILIEU, 1999, 49 (2/3) : 117-128 THREE NEW SPECIES OF DICYEMA (PHYLUM DICYEMIDA) FROM CEPHALOPODS IN THE WESTERN MEDITERRANEAN H. FURUYA*, F.G. HOCHBERG Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Santa Barbara Muséum of Natural History, 2559 Puesta del Sol Road, Santa Barbara 93105-2936 California, USA Email : [email protected] * Présent address : Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-16 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043 Japan CEPHALOPOD ABSTRACT. - Three new species of dicyemid mesozoans are described from CUTTLEFISH cuttlefish and octopus hosts (Mollusca : Cephalopoda) collected off Italy and OCTOPUS France in the western Mediterranean Sea. Dicyema whitmani sp. nov. from Sepia PARASITE PHYLUM DICYEMIDA officinalis is an elongate, slender dicyemid with body lengths that commonly exceed 7,000 pm. The calotte is disc-shaped and at least twice as wide as the body. The axial cell extends to the base of the propolar cells. Vermiform stages have 28 peripheral cells. Infusoriform embryos have 37 cells. Dicyema banyulensis sp. nov. from Octopus salutii is a medium-sized dicyemid with body lengths that rarely exceed 1,500 pm. The calotte is relatively small and conical in shape. Vermiform stages have 22 peripheral cells. Infusoriform embryos have 39 cells. Dicyema benedeni sp. nov. also from Octopus salutii is a medium-sized dicyemid with body lengths typically less than 1,500 pm. The species is characterized by a disc-shaped calotte. Vermiform stages have 18 peripheral cells. Infusoriform embryos have 37 cells. The dicyemid fauna found in Sepia officinalis and Octopus salutii is briefly discussed. CEPHALOPODE RÉSUMÉ. - Les auteurs décrivent trois espèces nouvelles de mésozoaires Dicyé- SEICHE mides trouvées dans deux Céphalopodes-hôtes (Seiche, Poulpe) récoltés sur les POULPE côtes italiennes et françaises de Méditerranée occidentale. Dicyema whitmani sp. PARASITE PHYLUM DICYEMIDA nov. parasite de Sepia officinalis est un Dicyémide longiforme, mince dont la longueur dépasse normalement 7 000 pm. La calotte se présente en forme de disque, le diamètre étant au moins deux fois celui du corps. La cellule axiale s'étend jusqu'à la base des cellules propolaires. Les stades vermiformes ont 28 cellules périphériques, les embryons infusoriformes 37 cellules. Dicyema banyulensis sp. nov. qui habite Octopus salutii offre une taille moyenne dépassant rarement 1 500 pm. La calotte est relativement petite, conique. Les stades vermiformes ont 22 cellules périphériques, les embryons infusoriformes, 39 cellules. Dicyema benedeni sp. nov., également trouvé chez Octopus salutii, est un Dicyémide de taille moyenne, normalement inférieur à 1 500 pm. L'espèce est caractérisée par une calotte en forme de disque. Les stades vermiformes ont 18 cellules périphériques, les embryons infusoriformes 37 cellules. Une brève discussion est consacrée à la faune des Dicyémides observée chez Sepia officinalis et Octopus salutii. INTRODUCTION tic Océan, English Channel, North Sea, and Me- diterranean Sea). In the Mediterranean Sea the following dicyemids repeatedly have been repor- ted from the shallow-water cuttlefish, Sepia offi- The dicyemids that inhabit the kidneys of cinalis Linnaeus, 1758 : Dicyemennea gracile cephalopods have been studied in Europe since Wagener, 1857; Microcyema vespa van Beneden, the mid-19th century by a number of researchers 1882; and Pseudicyema truncatum Whitman, (Krohn 1839, von Kôlliker 1849, Wagener 1857, 1883 (Hochberg 1990; Furuya and Hochberg, in Lankester 1873, Van Beneden 1876, 1882, Whit- prep). Nouvel (1945) reported the présence of man 1883, Nouvel 1944, 1947, 1948). Following Dicyemennea eledones Wagener, 1857, along with nearly 150 years of study a total of 14 species of the apostome ciliate Chromidina, in a single small dicyemid mesozoans have been described from 17 mid-depth octopus, Octopus salutii Verany, 1839, cephalopod species in Europe (northeastern Atlan- examined off Monaco on 23 April 1938. 118 FURUYA H., HOCHBERG F.G. In this paper 3 new species in the genus In this study prepared slides from 77 Sepia officina- Dicyema are described from the western Mediter- lis collected at 4 localities were examined. Autopsy ranean in the following cephalopod hosts : Sepia numbers were inscribed on ail slides examined as in- dicated in Table III, however, host data sheets were not officinalis (1 new species); and Octopus salutii available for any of the Nouvel material examined nor (2 new species). Thèse are the first new species for about half of the Sepia examined by Mohr. A total of dicyemids to be described from Europe in over of 23 freshly dead Octopus salutii were examined for 35 years. présence of dicyemid mesozoans or apostome ciliates (Chromidina) by the second author (FGH). 22 host octopus were collected by otter trawl in July 1969 off the coast of Banyuls-sur-Mer, France and an additional individual was obtained at the fish market in Rosas, MATERIALS AND METHODS Spain presumably captured in the immédiate vicinity of the Bahfa de Rosas. Coverslip smears were prepared from 12 of the freshly dead hosts autopsied and live Spécimens in the collections of the Department of préparations were examined from the remaining hosts Invertebrate Zoology, Santa Barbara Muséum of Natu- (Table IV). Data sheets were prepared in the field for rel History, Santa Barbara, California, USA (SBMNH) each octopus host examined which include a FGH au- were examined during the course of this study. Slide topsy number. Ail octopus hosts were sexed, the stage préparations and formalin-fixed material of dicyemids of maturity determined, and the dorsal mantle length were obtained from three principal sources as elucida- (ML) measured. ted below. When parasites were detected in the rénal coelom Henri Nouvel (HN ; Université Paul-Sabatier de Tou- of the host cephalopod small pièces of rénal appendages louse, France) worked extensively on the dicyemid and with attached dicyemids were removed and smeared on ciliate parasites that are found in the rénal sacs of glass coverslips. The smears were fixed immediately in cephalopods throughout the Mediterranean and north- Bouin's fluid for 10-24 hr and then stored in 70 % eastern Atlantic Océan (including the English Channel) ethanol alcohol. A diversity of hematoxylins have been (Beetschen & Bitsch 1975). Following his death in used to stain dicyemid préparations. In this study the August, 1974 Nouvel's extensive microslide collection majority of the coverslips examined were stained in was sent for safe keeping to C. Combes (Laboratoire Heidenhain's or Ehrlich's acid hematoxylin and coun- de Biologie Animale, Université de Perpignan, France). terstained in eosin. Following staining smears were This collection, which documents Nouvel's life-long mounted on glass microslides using Canada Balsam, work on dicyemids and apostome ciliates, was located Permount or Entellan (Merck). Additional pièces of in 1996 and reexamined. The material of interest in this rénal tissue from a number of hosts examined in the paper was collected in 1930-1935 when Nouvel worked study by FGH were fixed and preserved in 5 % formalin at the Station Biologique in Roscoff, France and at the (F) in seawater (see Table IV). Musée Océanographique in the Principality of Monaco. Observations of dicyemids were made with a Zeiss Duplicate microslides of some material referenced in compound light microscope. Measurements and this paper are archived at SBMNH. drawings were made with the aid of an ocular micro- John L. Mohr (JLM ; Allan Hancock Foundation, meter and drawing tube, respectively. Unless otherwise University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Cali- indicated we examined détails of the various stages in fornia, USA) prepared smears of cephalopod kidney the following number of individuals : 20 vermiform parasites during a sabbatical in Europe in 1957 and stages (Le., nematogens, vermiform embryos, and rhom- early 1958. During this trip he obtained dicyemid ma- bogens) ; 20 infusorigens ; 50 infusoriform embryos. terial while working at the Marine Biological Labora- Unless otherwise indicated ail measurements of dicye- tory in Plymouth, England and the Stazione Zoologica mids are in micrometers (pm). Syntypes of ail dicye- in Naples, Italy. Mohr's collection of microslides of mids described herein are deposited in the Santa dicyemids and apostome ciliates was donated to the Barbara Muséum of Natural History (SBMNH). SBMNH in 1997. The terminology for description of cell names in F.G. Hochberg
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