Scotland ; Picturesque, Historical, Descriptive
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V'~ PICTURESQUE: HISTORICAL: DESCRIPTIVE. JENTFiAMCE TO RQ&ILIN CHAPEIL. JOHN C MURDOCH LONDON SCOTLAND: PICTURESQUE; HISTORICAL; DESCRIPTIVE. BEING A SERIES OF VIEWS OF EDINBURGH AND ITS ENVIRONS; TH E MOUNTAINS, GLENS, LOCHS, SEA-COASTS; AND THE PALACES, CASTLES, AND ECCLESIASTICAL BUILDINGS OF SCOTLAND, CONSISTING OF OVER SEVENTY CHROMO-LITHOGRAPHS, FROM ORIGINAL AND COPYRIGHT DRAWINGS, BY SIR WILLIAM ALLAN, F.R.S.A. THOMAS CRESWICK, A.R.A. HORATIO MACCULLOCII, R.S.A. CLARKSON STANFIELD, R.A. DAVID ROBERTS, R.A. D. O. HILL, R.A. GEORGE CATTERMOLE. J. D. HARDING. W. SIMPSON, R.A., W. L. LEITCII. JOSEPH NASH. &c, &c. ACCOMPANIED EY Descriptive, Historical, Antiquarian, and Anecdotal Notices of the Principal Scenes and Events Illustrated. By JOHN PARKER LAWSON, M.A. LONDON: JOHN G. MURDOCH, 41, CASTLE STREET, HOLBORN, E.C. INTRODUCTION. HERE are few countries whose historical and other associations present greater interest than Scotland. Only three centuries ago it was, as a nation, almost in the same category as was England in the days of the Saxons. Rival chiefs or clans were constantly promoting civil war, or fighting amono- themselves. The reign of the unfortunate Queen Mary affords some of the most painful incidents that can be found in the history of any nation. In the course of events, however, at the commencement of the last century, the Union between England and Scotland was effected, and from that date the progress of North Britain in commerce, the arts and sciences, and manufactures has been unparalleled. Scot- land, in fact, at the present day, by the enterprise, perseverance, and energy of her inhabitants, stands foremost in civilised life. Perhaps the truth is not exceeded if we remark, that there is not a spot where civilisation has taken root throughout the world, that a Scotchman may not be found exercising his peculiar per- fervidum in promoting general progress. Until very recently the tourist knew little of the beauties of the country, and still less of its historical associations. To describe these and other objects of interest is the purpose of the following pages. Fifty years ago, a journey to Edinburgh was, in every respect, as serious an undertaking as one to Egypt is at the present day. But the extension of the railway system to the Ultima Tlmle, and the example set by her Majesty, have led tourists of all classes to acquaint themselves with the romantic scenery of Scotland, in place of a resort to Germany and Switzerland, as was formerly the case. Scotland may be practically considered as consisting of three principal regions. In a line south of Edinburgh, drawn to Dumfries, and near Carlisle, the scenery partakes much of the character of the North of England. The Cheviot Hills introduce to the higher system of mountain ranges in the north. In this portion, agriculture, the rearing of sheep and cattle, are the chief occupation of the inhabitants. Within the central zone the leading historical incidents of Scotland have occurred, the capital, Edinburgh, having been their centre. This also includes Stirling, Glasgow, Falkirk, &c. ; and here coal, lead, and iron mining, textile and chemical manufactures, have attained the highest position. The Clyde and the Forth, connected by a canal, become the veins or arteries of immense commercial activity. ii INTRODUCTION. North of this the great mountain ranges commence, with the magnificent lochs of sea and fresh water, that indent the whole of the western portion of Scotland. In the Grampian range is Ben Nevis, having a height of 4,370 feet, and Ben Macdhui, said to be 4,390 feet high. In some of these mountains there are ravines from 1,000 to 1,500 feet in perpendicular depth. Still further north is a range ex- tending from the Atlantic to the German Ocean, one of the highest hills being Ben Wyvis, 3,720 feet. In the West Highlands, the scenery from the mouth of the Clyde is of the most romantic description, the Isle of Arran affording a kind of microcosm of their topography and geology. The inland lakes or lochs, such as Lomond, Katrine, Awe, Ness, Leven, &c, afford every variety of scenery, while those running in from the sea are scarcely inferior in beauty ; as, for example, Lochs Fyne and Long. In these districts we need scarcely remind our readers that shooting and fishing are carried on, and afford some of the strongest inducements for the visit of the tourist. Deer-stalking is reserved for the more northerly districts, as Sutherlandshire and neighbouring counties. Scotland is rich in its archaeology. Edinburgh Castle and Holyrood Palace still remain as monuments of history. The same may be said of Stirling Castle, and the ruins of Linlithgow and other palaces. As regards cathedrals, those of Glasgow and Elgin are magnificent specimens of ecclesiastical architecture. Among abbeys, those of Melrose, Dryburgh, Kelso, and Roslin Chapel are too well known to require further than the mere mention. The style of these, and their orna- mentation, present some curious features of study, in an ethnological point of view, when we contrast them with the character of the Celts, little emerged from a state of barbarism at the period of the erection of such buildings. It is singular, indeed, that the soft, flowing lines of Scott, and the tender, or at times forcible poetry of Burns, should have emanated from a people which even now retain, in some places, traces of the feudal system. Such are some outlines of various interesting matters described in minute detail in this Work. With respect to the Illustrations, they afford lively pictures of what the intended tourist may expect to realise on visiting Scotland. On the other hand, those who are familiar with that country will be enabled to reproduce in the mind a constantly-recurring sense of pleasure. ; LIST OF PLATES, AND DIRECTIONS FOR PLACING THEM. F-AGF. EDINBURGH CASTLE, FROM THE GRASSMARKET '"PRENTICE PILLAR," ROSLIN CHAPEL; after Leitch 105 after a Drawing by W. L. Leitch .... I CRICHTON CASTLE ; after Ceeswick .... 168 VIEW OF EDINBURGH, FROM THE CASTLE ; after a ; after Drawing by David Roberts, R.A 43 BORTHWICK CASTLE Catteemole . 171 HOLYROOD PALACE, FROM THE SOUTH-EASTERN LINLITHGOW PALACE ; after Robeets . .173 SIDE OF THE CALTON HILL; Drawn by J. D. OLD LINLITHGOW (ASSASSINATION OF REGENT Harding 51 MORAY) ; after a Picture by Sir William Allan, P.R.S.A. 170 QUEEN MARY'S BED-CHAMBER, HOLYROOD; after a BARNBOUGLE CASTLE; after Stanfield, from a Sketch Drawing by G. Catteemole 58 by Leitch 181 HALL, CASTLE ; after ASSEMBLY HILL a Drawing by THE FIELD OF PRESTONPANS (DEATH OF COLONEL W. L. Leitch 75 GARDINER); after a Picture by Sir William Allan, P.R.S.A WEST BOW; after Catteemole 77 188 TANTALLON CASTLE ; after a Picture by C. Stanfield, R.A., FOOT OF THE WEST BOW do. do. 79 the Property of Charles McGlbbon, Esq., Edinburgh . 189 HIGH STREET, FROM HEAD OF WEST BOW, LAWN- MARKET 80 THE BASS ROCK; after a Picture by C Stanfield, R.A., in the possession of William Wilson, Esq., Banknoch . 192 DOWIE'S TAVERN, LIBERTON'S WYND.LAWNMARKET; after after Catteemole 82 DUNBAR; a Picture by C. Stanfield, R.A. 195 FAST CASTLE ; after a Picture by H. Beight 199 FLESHMARKET CLOSE ; after Catteemole ... 106 ... DRYBURGH ABBEY; after a Drawing by J. Dobbin . GREYFRIAR'S CHURCHYARD — SIGNING OF THE 201 COVENANT; after Catteemole 118 MELROSE ABBEY, FROM THE SOUTH ; after a Drawing by Robeets 210 MORAY HOUSE, CANONGATE; after J. Nash . 132 MELROSE ABBEY, FROM THE EAST do. do. 216 EDINBURGH, FROM CRAIGLEITH QUARRY; after Leitch 138 KELSO ABBEY ; after a Drawing by Robeets . 217 NATIONAL MONUMENT, CALTON HILL; Drawn by JEDBURGH ABBEY; Drawn by T. Parker ... 225 J. D. Haeding 140 NEWARK CASTLE, ON THE YARROW ; after a Drawing by Catteemole EDINBURGH, FROM THE CALTON HILL ; after David 230 Robeets, R.A 142 GILNOCKIE TOWER; after a Drawing by Catteemole . 237 THE BACK OF OLD LEITH PIER; after Stanfield 144 CULZEAN CASTLE ; after a Drawing by W. L. Leitch . 239 EDINBURGH, FROM THE FRITH OF FORTH; after DUNURE CASTLE, COAST OF AYRSHIRE ; after a Picture Stanfield, from a Sketch by Leitch .... 151 by J. D. Harding 240 CRAIGMILLAR CASTLE; after Robeets .... 155 AILSA CRAIG; after a Picture by C. Stanfield, R.A., in the possession of William Wilson, Esq., Banknoch . 241 ROSLIN CASTLE; Drawn J. D. Harding . 159 ENTRANCE TO ROSLIN CHAPEL; after Roberts; Title ROTHESAY CASTLE, ISLAND OF BUTE; after a Picture Page ... .164 by Geoege Stanfield 243 ; ;; LIST OF PLATES, AND DIRECTIONS FOR PLACING THEM. PAGE after Drawing by J. D. DUNBARTON, DUNBARTONSHIRE ; after Leitch . 245 FALL OF THE TUMMEL; a Harding, in the possession of William Wilson, Esq., VIEW OF LOCH LOMOND, FROM THE SOUTH; after a Banknoch, Denny 273 Picture by Hobatio MacCulloch, R.S.A.,in the possession LOCH KATRINE ; after a Picture by Horatio MacCulloch, of William Wilson, Esq., of Banknoch, Denny . 247 R.S.A 274 KILCHURN CASTLE ; after a Drawing by W. L. Leitch . 250 THE DOUNE ; after J. Dobbin 274 ISLE OF STAFFA; after a Drawing by W. A. Nesfleld . 251 DUNFERMLINE ABBEY; after a Picture by D. O. Hill, R.S.A 275 GLASGOW (ST. MUNGO'S) CATHEDRAL— EXTERIOR; after a Drawing by David Roberts, R.A. 253 ST. ANDREWS ; after H. Gastineau 277 GLASGOW (ST. MUNGO'S) CATHEDRAL—INTERIOR GLAMMIS CASTLE, FORFARSHIRE ; after Cattermole 282 after Joseph Nash 256 CORRA LINN, FALLS OF THE CLYDE ; after Houston 282 CASTLE CAMPBELL; after Creswick .... 259 after BOTHWELL CASTLE ; S. Prout .... 283 FALKLAND PALACE, GRAND ENTRANCE TO; after VIEW OF THE CLYDE FROM ABOVE ERSKINE FERRY D.