Digging for the Spiny Rat and Hutia Phylogeny Using a Gene Capture Approach, with the Description of a New Mammal Subfamily Maxime Courcelle, Marie-Ka Tilak, Yuri L
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Reptile-Like Physiology in Early Jurassic Stem-Mammals
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/785360; this version posted October 10, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Title: Reptile-like physiology in Early Jurassic stem-mammals Authors: Elis Newham1*, Pamela G. Gill2,3*, Philippa Brewer3, Michael J. Benton2, Vincent Fernandez4,5, Neil J. Gostling6, David Haberthür7, Jukka Jernvall8, Tuomas Kankanpää9, Aki 5 Kallonen10, Charles Navarro2, Alexandra Pacureanu5, Berit Zeller-Plumhoff11, Kelly Richards12, Kate Robson-Brown13, Philipp Schneider14, Heikki Suhonen10, Paul Tafforeau5, Katherine Williams14, & Ian J. Corfe8*. Affiliations: 10 1School of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. 2School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. 3Earth Science Department, The Natural History Museum, London, UK. 4Core Research Laboratories, The Natural History Museum, London, UK. 5European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France. 15 6School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK. 7Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. 8Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. 9Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. 10Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. 20 11Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Zentrum für Material-und Küstenforschung GmbH Germany. 12Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Oxford, OX1 3PW, UK. 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/785360; this version posted October 10, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 13Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. 14Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK. -
Redalyc.A Distinctive New Cloud-Forest Rodent (Hystriocognathi: Echimyidae) from the Manu Biosphere Reserve, Peru
Mastozoología Neotropical ISSN: 0327-9383 [email protected] Sociedad Argentina para el Estudio de los Mamíferos Argentina Patterson, Bruce D.; Velazco, Paul M. A distinctive new cloud-forest rodent (Hystriocognathi: Echimyidae) from the Manu Biosphere Reserve, Peru Mastozoología Neotropical, vol. 13, núm. 2, julio-diciembre, 2006, pp. 175-191 Sociedad Argentina para el Estudio de los Mamíferos Tucumán, Argentina Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=45713202 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Mastozoología Neotropical, 13(2):175-191, Mendoza, 2006 ISSN 0327-9383 ©SAREM, 2006 Versión on-line ISSN 1666-0536 www.cricyt.edu.ar/mn.htm A DISTINCTIVE NEW CLOUD-FOREST RODENT (HYSTRICOGNATHI: ECHIMYIDAE) FROM THE MANU BIOSPHERE RESERVE, PERU Bruce D. Patterson1 and Paul M. Velazco1, 2 1 Department of Zoology, Field Museum of Natural History, 1400 S. Lake Shore Dr, Chicago IL 60605-2496 USA. 2 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor St, Chicago IL 60607 USA ABSTRACT: Recent surveys in Peru’s Manu National Park and Biosphere Reserve uncovered a new species of hystricognath rodent, a spiny rat (Echimyidae) with dense, soft fur. Inhabiting Andean cloud-forests at 1900 m, the new rodent belongs to a radiation of “brush- tailed tree rats” previously known only from the Amazon, Orinoco, and other lowland river drainages. Phylogenetic analysis of morphology (cranial and dental characters) unambiguously allies the new species with species of Isothrix. -
Epidemiological Investigations on the Occurrence of Mycobacterium
Epidemiological investigations on the occurrence of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in different matrices from cattle and zoo animals by IS900 polymerase chain reaction assays Dissertation to obtain the Ph. D. degree in the Ph. D. Program for Agricultural Sciences in Goettingen (PAG) at the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Germany presented by Pia Münster born in Düsseldorf, Germany Göttingen, March 2012 D 7 1. Name of supervisor: Prof. Dr. Dr. Claus-Peter Czerny 2. Name of co-supervisor: Prof. Dr. Dr. Matthias Gauly Date of dissertation: 31st May 2012 Contents Contents 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION .................................................................................... 1 2 LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................................ 4 2.1 THE PATHOGEN ..................................................................................................................... 4 2.1.1 TAXONOMY .......................................................................................................................... 5 2.1.2 THE GENOME ........................................................................................................................ 7 2.1.2.1 GENOTYPES ....................................................................................................................... 8 2.1.2.2 INSERTION SEQUENCE (IS900) .......................................................................................... 9 2.1.3 PATHOGENESIS .................................................................................................................. -
In Search of the Extinct Hutia in Cave Deposits of Isla De Mona, P.R. by Ángel M
In Search of the Extinct Hutia in Cave Deposits of Isla de Mona, P.R. by Ángel M. Nieves-Rivera, M.S. and Donald A. McFarlane, Ph.D. Isolobodon portoricensis, the extinct have been domesticated, and its abundant (14C) date was obtained on charcoal and Puerto Rican hutia (a large guinea-pig like remains in kitchen middens indicate that it bone fragments from Cueva Negra, rodent), was about the size of the surviving formed part of the diet for the early settlers associated with hutia bones (Frank, 1998). Hispaniolan hutia Plagiodontia (Rodentia: (Nowak, 1991; Flemming and MacPhee, This analysis yielded an uncorrected 14C age Capromydae). Isolobodon portoricensis was 1999). This species of hutia was extinct, of 380 ±60 before present, and a corrected originally reported from Cueva Ceiba (next apparently shortly after the coming of calendar age of 1525 AD, (1 sigma range to Utuado, P.R.) in 1916 by J. A. Allen (1916), European explorers, according to most 1480-1655 AD). This date coincides with the and it is known today only by skeletal remains historians. final occupation of Isla de Mona by the Taino from Hispaniola (Dominican Republic, Haiti, The first person to take an interest in the Indians (1578 AD; Wadsworth 1977). The Île de la Gonâve, ÎIe de la Tortue), Puerto faunal remains of the caves of Isla de Mona purpose of this article is to report some new Rico (mainland, Isla de Mona, Caja de was mammalogist Harold E. Anthony, who paleontological discoveries of the Puerto Muertos, Vieques), the Virgin Islands (St. in 1926 collected the first Puerto Rican hutia Rican hutia in cave deposits of Isla de Mona Croix, St. -
Introduction to Risk Assessments for Methods Used in Wildlife Damage Management
Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment for the Use of Wildlife Damage Management Methods by USDA-APHIS-Wildlife Services Chapter I Introduction to Risk Assessments for Methods Used in Wildlife Damage Management MAY 2017 Introduction to Risk Assessments for Methods Used in Wildlife Damage Management EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The USDA-APHIS-Wildlife Services (WS) Program completed Risk Assessments for methods used in wildlife damage management in 1992 (USDA 1997). While those Risk Assessments are still valid, for the most part, the WS Program has expanded programs into different areas of wildlife management and wildlife damage management (WDM) such as work on airports, with feral swine and management of other invasive species, disease surveillance and control. Inherently, these programs have expanded the methods being used. Additionally, research has improved the effectiveness and selectiveness of methods being used and made new tools available. Thus, new methods and strategies will be analyzed in these risk assessments to cover the latest methods being used. The risk assements are being completed in Chapters and will be made available on a website, which can be regularly updated. Similar methods are combined into single risk assessments for efficiency; for example Chapter IV contains all foothold traps being used including standard foothold traps, pole traps, and foot cuffs. The Introduction to Risk Assessments is Chapter I and was completed to give an overall summary of the national WS Program. The methods being used and risks to target and nontarget species, people, pets, and the environment, and the issue of humanenss are discussed in this Chapter. From FY11 to FY15, WS had work tasks associated with 53 different methods being used. -
Parasite Communities of Tropical Forest Rodents: Influences of Microhabitat Structure and Specialization
PARASITE COMMUNITIES OF TROPICAL FOREST RODENTS: INFLUENCES OF MICROHABITAT STRUCTURE AND SPECIALIZATION By Ashley M. Winker Parasitism is the most common life style and has important implications for the ecology and evolution of hosts. Most organisms host multiple species of parasites, and parasite communities are frequently influenced by the degree of host specialization. Parasite communities are also influenced by their habitat – both the host itself and the habitat that the host occupies. Tropical forest rodents are ideal for examining hypotheses relating parasite community composition to host habitat and host specialization. Proechimys semispinosus and Hoplomys gymnurus are morphologically-similar echimyid rodents; however, P. semispinosus is more generalized, occupying a wider range of habitats. I predicted that P. semispinosus hosts a broader range of parasite species that are less host-specific than does H. gymnurus and that parasite communities of P. semispinosus are related to microhabitat structure, host density, and season. During two dry and wet seasons, individuals of the two rodent species were trapped along streams in central Panama to compare their parasites, and P. semispinosus was sampled on six plots of varying microhabitat structure in contiguous lowland forest to compare parasite loads to microhabitat structure. Such structure was quantified by measuring thirteen microhabitat variables, and dimensions were reduced to a smaller subset using factor analysis to define overall structure. Ectoparasites were collected from each individual, and blood smears were obtained to screen for filarial worms and trypanosomes. In support of my prediction, the habitat generalist ( P. semispinosus ) hosted more individual fleas, mites, and microfilaria; contrary to my prediction, the habitat specialist (H. -
Ecologia De Les Illes
Observations on the habitat and ecology of the Hispaniolan Solenodon (Solenodon paradoxus) in the Dominican Republic Jose A. OTTENWALDER Proyecto Biodiversidad GEF-PNUD/ONAPLAN. Programa de las Naciones para el Desarrollo (PNUD) y Oficina Nacional de Planificacion. Apartado 1424, Mirador Sur. Santo Domingo, Republica Dominicana Ottenwalder, J.A. 1999. Observations on the habitat and ecology of the Hispaniolan Solenodon (Solenodon paradoxus) in the Dominican Republic. Mon. Soc. Hist. Nat. Balears, 6 I Mon. Inst. Est. Bal. 66: 123-168. ISBN: 84- 87026-86-9. Palma de Mallorca. The habitat of the Hispaniolan Solenodon (Solenodon paradoxus) was investiga ted in the Dominican Republic in relation to particular environmental parameters (geomorphology, geologicalstructure, soil type, elevation, life zone, vegetation, rainfall, and temperature). Results are discussed in relation to relevant species environment interactions, particularly habitat preferences and life history patterns of the species. Comparisons on the habitat, ecology and life history are made bet ween S. paradoxus and the Cuban Solenodon (S. cubanus), the only other living member of the genus. Keywords: Solenodon, Caribbean, Antilles, Ecology, Conservation Biology. Observaciones sobre el habitat y ecologia del Solenodon de la Hispaniola (Solenodon paradox us) en la Republica Dominicana. EI habitat del Solenodon de la Hispaniola (Solenodon paradoxus) fue estudiado en la Republica Dominicana en relacion a una serie de parametres ambientales (geomorfologia, estructura geologica, tipo de suelo, elevacion, zona de vida, for macion vegetal, precipitacion, y temperatura). Las relaciones especie-habitat son analizadas usando un modelo empirico descriptivo. Las observaciones sobre inte racciones especie-rnedio ambiente resultantes son discutidas particularmente en relacion a preferencias aparentes de habitat y a los patrones de historia natural de la especie. -
A New Karyotype for the Spiny Rat Clyomys Laticeps (Thomas, 1909) (Rodentia, Echimyidae) from Central Brazil
COMPARATIVE A peer-reviewed open-access journal CompCytogen 6(2): 153–161 (2012) New karyotype for Clyomys 153 doi: 10.3897/CompCytogen.v6i2.1980 RESEARCH artICLE Cytogenetics www.pensoft.net/journals/compcytogen International Journal of Plant & Animal Cytogenetics, Karyosystematics, and Molecular Systematics A new karyotype for the spiny rat Clyomys laticeps (Thomas, 1909) (Rodentia, Echimyidae) from Central Brazil Alexandra M. R. Bezerra1, Juliana M. Pagnozzi2, Ana Paula Carmignotto3, Yatiyo Yonenaga-Yassuda4, Flávio H. G. Rodrigues5 1 Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil 2 Faculdade Salesiana de Vitória, Av. Vitória 950, Forte São João, 29017-950, Vitória, ES, Brazil 3 Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus Sorocaba, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos (SP-264), km 110, Bairro Itinga, 18052-780, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil 4 Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Pau- lo, Rua do Matão 277, Cidade Universitária, 05508-090, São Paulo, SP, Brazil 5 Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, CP 486, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; and Instituto Pró-Carnívoros. Corresponding author: Alexandra M. R. Bezerra ([email protected]) Academic editor: I. Bakloushinskaya | Received 29 August 2011 | Accepted 23 February 2012 | Published 9 April 2012 Citation: Bezerra AMR, Pagnozzi JM, Carmignotto AP, Yonenaga-Yassuda Y, Rodrigues FHG (2012) A new karyotype for the spiny rat Clyomys laticeps (Thomas, 1909) (Rodentia, Echimyidae) from Central Brazil. Comparative Cytogenetics 6(2): 153–161. doi: 10.3897/CompCytogen.v6i2.1980 Abstract Clyomys Thomas, 1916 is a semifossorial rodent genus of spiny rats represented by only one species, C. -
Pacific Insects Four New Species of Gyropidae
PACIFIC INSECTS Vol. ll, nos. 3-4 10 December 1969 Organ of the program ' 'Zoogeography and Evolution of Pacific Insects." Published by Entomology Department, Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii, U. S. A. Editorial committee: J. L. Gressitt (editor), S. Asahina, R. G. Fennah, R. A. Harrison, T. C. Maa, CW. Sabrosky, J. J. H. Szent-Ivany, J. van der Vecht, K. Yasumatsu and E. C. Zimmerman. Devoted to studies of insects and other terrestrial arthropods from the Pacific area, includ ing eastern Asia, Australia and Antarctica. FOUR NEW SPECIES OF GYROPIDAE (Mallophaga) FROM SPINY RATS IN MIDDLE AMERICA By Eustorgio Mendez1 Abstract: The following new species of biting lice from mammals are described and figured: Gyropus emersoni from Proechimys semispinosus panamensis, Panama; G. meso- americanus from Hoplomys gymnurus truei, Nicaragua; Gliricola arboricola from Diplomys labilis, Panama; G. sylvatica from Hoplomys gymnurus, Panama. The spiny rat family Echimyidae evidently is one of the rodent groups which is more favored by Mallophaga. Members of several genera belonging to two Amblyceran families of biting lice (Gyropidae and Trimenoponidae) are known to parasitize spiny rats. The present contribution adds to the knowledge of the Mallophagan fauna of these neotropi cal rodents two species each of Gyropus and Gliricola (Gyropidae). My gratitude is expressed to Dr K. C. Emerson, who furnished most of the material used in this study. He also invited me to describe the first two species here treated and critically read the manuscript. The specimens of Gyropus mesoamericanus n. sp., kindly submitted for description by Dr J. Knox Jones Jr., were collected under contract (DA-49-193-MD-2215) between the U. -
Micro-Livestock: Little-Known Small Animals with a Promising Economic Future (BOSTID, 1991, 435 P.) Part III : Rabbits (Introduction...) 14 Domestic Rabbit
03/11/2011 meister11.htm Micro-livestock: Little-known Small Animals with a Promising Economic Future (BOSTID, 1991, 435 p.) Part III : Rabbits (introduction...) 14 Domestic Rabbit Micro-livestock: Little-known Small Animals with a Promising Economic Future (BOSTID, 1991, 435 p.) Part III : Rabbits Contrary to popular opinion, the domestic rabbit is a substantial part of the world's meat supply. Annual production of rabbit meat is estimated to be one million metric tons, and the total number of rabbits is approximately 708 million.' However, rabbits are now intensively raised for food only in temperate, mostly industrialized, nations. France, Italy, and Spain, for example, have long consumed rabbit meat; West German production was 20,000 tons each year; Hungary raises rabbits in large numbers (two of its commercial rabbitries have more than 10,000 does each); and the United States raises almost 8.5 million rabbits each year for consumption in homes and restaurants.2 D:/cd3wddvd/NoExe/Master/dvd001/…/meister11.htm 1/175 03/11/2011 meister11.htm In most developing countries, on the other hand, rabbits are not well known - at least compared with other livestock. But they have great promise there, and in recent years there has been a dramatic increase in interest. For those developing countries where information is available, rabbit meat production almost doubled between 1966 and 1980. For instance, several African countries - among them Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, and Zambia - now have national rabbit-raising programs. A number of Asian countries - such as the Philippines, Indonesia, India, and Vietnam - are also encouraging rabbit farming. -
The Last Survivors: Current Status and Conservation of the Non-Volant Land
1 The Last Survivors: current status and conservation of the non-volant land 2 mammals of the insular Caribbean 3 4 SAMUEL T. TURVEY,* ROSALIND J. KENNERLEY, JOSE M. NUÑEZ-MIÑO, AND RICHARD P. 5 YOUNG 6 7 Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent’s Park, London NW1 4RY (STT) 8 Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust, Les Augrès Manor, Trinity, Jersey JE3 5BP, Channel 9 Islands (RJK, JNM, RPY) 10 11 *Correspondent: [email protected] 12 13 Running header: Status of Caribbean land mammals 14 1 15 The insular Caribbean is among the few oceanic-type island systems colonized by non-volant 16 land mammals. This region also has experienced the world’s highest levels of historical 17 mammal extinctions, with at least 29 species lost since AD 1500. Representatives of only 2 18 land-mammal families (Capromyidae and Solenodontidae) now survive, in Cuba, Hispaniola, 19 Jamaica, and the Bahama Archipelago. The conservation status of Caribbean land mammals 20 is surprisingly poorly understood. The most recent IUCN Red List assessment, from 2008, 21 recognized 15 endemic species, of which 13 were assessed as threatened. We reassessed all 22 available baseline data on the current status of the Caribbean land-mammal fauna within the 23 framework of the IUCN Red List, to determine specific conservation requirements for 24 Caribbean land-mammal species using an evidence-based approach. We recognize only 13 25 surviving species, 1 of which is not formally described and cannot be assessed using IUCN 26 criteria; 3 further species previously considered valid are interpreted as junior synonyms or 27 subspecies. -
Secondary Poisoning of Foxes and Buzzards
Pergamon Chemosphere, Vol. 35, No. 8, pp. 1817-1829, 1997 © 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd All rights reserved. Printed in Great Britain PII: S0045-6535(97)00242-7 0045-6535197 $17.00+0.00 FIELD EVIDENCE OF SECONDARY POISONING OF FOXES (Vulpes vulpes) AND BUZZARDS (Buteo buteo) BY BROMADIOLONE, A 4-YEAR SURVEY Philippe J. Berny*, Thierry Buronfosse*, Florence Buronfosse**, Franqois Lamarque °and Guy Lorgue* * D6pt.SBFA - Laboratoire de Toxicologie - ENVL - BP-83 - 69280 Marcy l'Etoile (France) ** CNITV - ENVL - BP-83 - 69280 Marcy l'Etoile (France) ° ONC - Domaine de St Benotst - 78160 Auffargis (France) (Received in USA 17 February 1997; accepted 21 March 1997) Abstract This paper presents the result of a 4 year survey in France (1991-1994) based on the activity of a wildlife disease surveillance network (SAGIR). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the detrimental effects of anticoagulant (Ac) rodenticides in non-target wild animals. Ac poisoning accounted for a very limited number of the identified causes of death (1-3%) in most species. Predators (mainly foxes and buzzards) were potentially exposed to anticoagulant compounds (especially bromadiolone) via contaminated prey in some instances. The liver concentrations of bromadiolone residues were elevated and species-specific diagnostic values were determined. These values were quite similar to those reported in the litterature when secondary anticoagulant poisoning was experimentally assessed. ©1997 Elsevier Science Ltd Introduction This study reports anticoagulant (Ac) poisoning in wildlife. The Toxicology Laboratory of the Veterinary school in Lyon is involved in a unique nation-wide network for wildlife diseases surveillance (see material and methods). Ac poisoning is seldom described or investigated in wild animals, despite extensive use of rodenticides in the fields.